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rfc-index/vac/3/remote-log.html
2025-12-22 15:08:29 +00:00

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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="../../index.html">Introduction</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> Vac</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/1/coss.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> 1/COSS</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/2/mvds.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.2.</strong> 2/MVDS</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/3/remote-log.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.3.</strong> 3/Remote Log</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/4/mvds-meta.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.4.</strong> 4/MVDS Meta</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/25/libp2p-dns-discovery.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.5.</strong> 25/Libp2p DNS Discovery</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/32/rln-v1.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.6.</strong> 32/RLN-V1</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/raw/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.</strong> Raw</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/raw/consensus-hashgraphlike.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.1.</strong> Consensus Hashgraphlike</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/raw/decentralized-messaging-ethereum.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.2.</strong> Decentralized Messaging Ethereum</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/raw/eth-mls-offchain.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.3.</strong> ETH MLS Offchain</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/raw/eth-mls-onchain.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.4.</strong> ETH MLS Onchain</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/raw/deleted/eth-secpm.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.5.</strong> ETH SecPM</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/raw/gossipsub-tor-push.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.6.</strong> Gossipsub Tor Push</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/raw/logos-capability-discovery.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.7.</strong> Logos Capability Discovery</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/raw/mix.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.8.</strong> Mix</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/raw/noise-x3dh-double-ratchet.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.9.</strong> Noise X3DH Double Ratchet</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/raw/rln-interep-spec.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.10.</strong> RLN Interep Spec</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/raw/rln-stealth-commitments.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.11.</strong> RLN Stealth Commitments</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/raw/rln-v2.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.12.</strong> RLN-V2</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/raw/sds.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.13.</strong> SDS</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/template.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.8.</strong> Template</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> Waku</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/core/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> Standards - Core</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/core/10/waku2.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.1.</strong> 10/Waku2</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/core/11/relay.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.2.</strong> 11/Relay</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/core/12/filter.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.3.</strong> 12/Filter</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/core/13/store.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.4.</strong> 13/Store</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/core/14/message.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.5.</strong> 14/Message</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/core/15/bridge.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.6.</strong> 15/Bridge</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/core/17/rln-relay.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.7.</strong> 17/RLN Relay</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/core/19/lightpush.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.8.</strong> 19/Lightpush</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/core/31/enr.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.9.</strong> 31/ENR</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/core/33/discv5.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.10.</strong> 33/Discv5</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/core/34/peer-exchange.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.11.</strong> 34/Peer Exchange</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/core/36/bindings-api.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.12.</strong> 36/Bindings API</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/core/64/network.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.13.</strong> 64/Network</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/core/66/metadata.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.14.</strong> 66/Metadata</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/application/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> Standards - Application</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/application/20/toy-eth-pm.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.1.</strong> 20/Toy ETH PM</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/application/26/payload.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.2.</strong> 26/Payload</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/application/53/x3dh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.3.</strong> 53/X3DH</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/application/54/x3dh-sessions.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.4.</strong> 54/X3DH Sessions</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/legacy/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> Standards - Legacy</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a 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23/Topics</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/informational/27/peers.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.3.</strong> 27/Peers</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/informational/29/config.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.4.</strong> 29/Config</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/informational/30/adaptive-nodes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.5.</strong> 30/Adaptive Nodes</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/deprecated/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.5.</strong> Deprecated</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/deprecated/5/waku0.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.5.1.</strong> 5/Waku0</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/deprecated/16/rpc.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.5.2.</strong> 16/RPC</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/deprecated/18/swap.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.5.3.</strong> 18/Swap</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/deprecated/fault-tolerant-store.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.5.4.</strong> Fault Tolerant Store</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../nomos/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> Nomos</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../nomos/raw/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.</strong> Raw</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../nomos/raw/nomosda-encoding.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.1.</strong> NomosDA Encoding</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../nomos/raw/nomosda-network.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.2.</strong> NomosDA Network</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../nomos/raw/p2p-hardware-requirements.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.3.</strong> P2P Hardware Requirements</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../nomos/raw/p2p-nat-solution.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.4.</strong> P2P NAT Solution</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../nomos/raw/p2p-network-bootstrapping.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.5.</strong> P2P Network Bootstrapping</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../nomos/raw/p2p-network.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.6.</strong> P2P Network</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../nomos/raw/sdp.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.7.</strong> SDP</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../nomos/deprecated/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.</strong> Deprecated</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../nomos/deprecated/claro.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.1.</strong> Claro</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../codex/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.</strong> Codex</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../codex/raw/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.1.</strong> Raw</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../codex/raw/codex-block-exchange.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.1.1.</strong> Block Exchange</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../codex/raw/codex-marketplace.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.1.2.</strong> Marketplace</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../status/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.</strong> Status</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../status/24/curation.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.1.</strong> 24/Curation</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../status/28/featuring.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.2.</strong> 28/Featuring</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../status/55/1to1-chat.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.3.</strong> 55/1-to-1 Chat</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../status/56/communities.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.4.</strong> 56/Communities</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../status/61/community-history-service.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.5.</strong> 61/Community History Service</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../status/62/payloads.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.6.</strong> 62/Payloads</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../status/63/keycard-usage.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.7.</strong> 63/Keycard Usage</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../status/65/account-address.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.8.</strong> 65/Account Address</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../status/71/push-notification-server.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.9.</strong> 71/Push Notification Server</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../status/raw/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.10.</strong> Raw</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../status/raw/simple-scaling.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.10.1.</strong> Simple Scaling</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../status/raw/status-app-protocols.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.10.2.</strong> Status App Protocols</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../status/raw/status-mvds.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.10.3.</strong> Status MVDS</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../status/raw/url-data.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.10.4.</strong> URL Data</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../status/raw/url-scheme.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.10.5.</strong> URL Scheme</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../status/deprecated/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.11.</strong> Deprecated</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../status/deprecated/3rd-party.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.11.1.</strong> 3rd Party</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../status/deprecated/account.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.11.2.</strong> Account</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../status/deprecated/client.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.11.3.</strong> Client</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../status/deprecated/dapp-browser-API-usage.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.11.4.</strong> Dapp Browser API Usage</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../status/deprecated/eips.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.11.5.</strong> EIPs</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a 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<h1 class="menu-title">Vac RFC</h1>
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<h1 id="3remote-log"><a class="header" href="#3remote-log">3/REMOTE-LOG</a></h1>
<div class="table-wrapper"><table><thead><tr><th>Field</th><th>Value</th></tr></thead><tbody>
<tr><td>Name</td><td>Remote log specification</td></tr>
<tr><td>Slug</td><td>3</td></tr>
<tr><td>Status</td><td>draft</td></tr>
<tr><td>Editor</td><td>Oskar Thorén <a href="mailto:oskarth@titanproxy.com">oskarth@titanproxy.com</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>Contributors</td><td>Dean Eigenmann <a href="mailto:dean@status.im">dean@status.im</a></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div><!-- timeline:start -->
<h2 id="timeline"><a class="header" href="#timeline">Timeline</a></h2>
<ul>
<li><strong>2025-12-22</strong><a href="https://github.com/vacp2p/rfc-index/blob/0f1855edcf68ef982c4ce478b67d660809aa9830/docs/vac/3/remote-log.md"><code>0f1855e</code></a> — Chore/fix headers (#239)</li>
<li><strong>2025-12-22</strong><a href="https://github.com/vacp2p/rfc-index/blob/b1a578393edf8487ccc97a5f25b25af9bf41efb3/docs/vac/3/remote-log.md"><code>b1a5783</code></a> — Chore/mdbook updates (#237)</li>
<li><strong>2025-12-18</strong><a href="https://github.com/vacp2p/rfc-index/blob/d03e699084774ebecef9c6d4662498907c5e2080/docs/vac/3/remote-log.md"><code>d03e699</code></a> — ci: add mdBook configuration (#233)</li>
<li><strong>2024-09-13</strong><a href="https://github.com/vacp2p/rfc-index/blob/3ab314d87d4525ff1296bf3d9ec634d570777b91/vac/3/remote-log.md"><code>3ab314d</code></a> — Fix Files for Linting (#94)</li>
<li><strong>2024-02-01</strong><a href="https://github.com/vacp2p/rfc-index/blob/3fd8b5ac65996eb49a0da2a1e232678727c09a75/vac/3/remote-log.md"><code>3fd8b5a</code></a> — Update and rename README.md to remote-log.md</li>
<li><strong>2024-01-30</strong><a href="https://github.com/vacp2p/rfc-index/blob/dce61fe029550810b83b075145e8a0130048344b/vac/3/README.md"><code>dce61fe</code></a> — Create README.md</li>
</ul>
<!-- timeline:end -->
<p>A remote log is a replication of a local log.
This means a node can read data that originally came from a node that is offline.</p>
<p>This specification is complemented by a proof of concept implementation<sup class="footnote-reference"><a href="#1">1</a></sup>.</p>
<h2 id="definitions"><a class="header" href="#definitions">Definitions</a></h2>
<div class="table-wrapper"><table><thead><tr><th>Term</th><th>Definition</th></tr></thead><tbody>
<tr><td>CAS</td><td>Content-addressed storage. Stores data that can be addressed by its hash.</td></tr>
<tr><td>NS</td><td>Name system. Associates mutable data to a name.</td></tr>
<tr><td>Remote log</td><td>Replication of a local log at a different location.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<h2 id="wire-protocol"><a class="header" href="#wire-protocol">Wire Protocol</a></h2>
<h3 id="secure-transport-storage-and-name-system"><a class="header" href="#secure-transport-storage-and-name-system">Secure Transport, storage, and name system</a></h3>
<p>This specification does not define anything related to: secure transport,
content addressed storage, or the name system. It is assumed these capabilities
are abstracted away in such a way that any such protocol can easily be
implemented.</p>
<!-- TODO: Elaborate on properties required here. -->
<h3 id="payloads"><a class="header" href="#payloads">Payloads</a></h3>
<p>Payloads are implemented using <a href="https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/">protocol buffers v3</a>.</p>
<p><strong>CAS service</strong>:</p>
<pre><code class="language-protobuf">syntax = "proto3";
package vac.cas;
service CAS {
rpc Add(Content) returns (Address) {}
rpc Get(Address) returns (Content) {}
}
message Address {
bytes id = 1;
}
message Content {
bytes data = 1;
}
</code></pre>
<!-- XXX/TODO: Can we get rid of the id/data complication and just use bytes? -->
<p><strong>NS service</strong>:</p>
<pre><code class="language-protobuf">syntax = "proto3";
package vac.cas;
service NS {
rpc Update(NameUpdate) returns (Response) {}
rpc Fetch(Query) returns (Content) {}
}
message NameUpdate {
string name = 1;
bytes content = 2;
}
message Query {
string name = 1;
}
message Content {
bytes data = 1;
}
message Response {
bytes data = 1;
}
</code></pre>
<!-- XXX: Response and data type a bit weird, Ok/Err enum? -->
<!-- TODO: Do we want NameInit here? -->
<p><strong>Remote log:</strong></p>
<pre><code class="language-protobuf">syntax = "proto3";
package vac.cas;
message RemoteLog {
repeated Pair pair = 1;
bytes tail = 2;
message Pair {
bytes remoteHash = 1;
bytes localHash = 2;
bytes data = 3;
}
}
</code></pre>
<!-- TODO: Better name for Pair, Mapping? -->
<!-- TODO: Consider making more useful in conjunction with metadata field.
It makes sense to explicitly list what sequence a message is <local hash,
remote hash, data, seqid> this way I can easily sync a messages prior or
after a specific number.
To enable this to be dynamic it might make sense to add page info so
that I am aware which page I can find seqid on -->
<h2 id="synchronization"><a class="header" href="#synchronization">Synchronization</a></h2>
<h3 id="roles"><a class="header" href="#roles">Roles</a></h3>
<p>There are four fundamental roles:</p>
<ol>
<li>Alice</li>
<li>Bob</li>
<li>Name system (NS)</li>
<li>Content-addressed storage (CAS)</li>
</ol>
<p>The <em>remote log</em> protobuf is what is stored in the name system.</p>
<p>"Bob" can represent anything from 0 to N participants. Unlike Alice,
Bob only needs read-only access to NS and CAS.</p>
<!-- TODO: Document random node as remote log -->
<!-- TODO: Document how to find initial remote log (e.g. per sync contexts -->
<h3 id="flow"><a class="header" href="#flow">Flow</a></h3>
<!-- diagram -->
<p><img src="./images/remote-log.png" alt="notification" /></p>
<!-- Document the flow wrt operations -->
<h3 id="remote-log"><a class="header" href="#remote-log">Remote log</a></h3>
<p>The remote log lets receiving nodes know what data they are missing. Depending
on the specific requirements and capabilities of the nodes and name system, the
information can be referred to differently. We distinguish between three rough
modes:</p>
<ol>
<li>Fully replicated log</li>
<li>Normal sized page with CAS mapping</li>
<li>"Linked list" mode - minimally sized page with CAS mapping</li>
</ol>
<p><strong>Data format:</strong></p>
<pre><code class="language-yaml">| H1_3 | H2_3 |
| H1_2 | H2_2 |
| H1_1 | H2_1 |
| ------------|
| next_page |
</code></pre>
<p>Here the upper section indicates a list of ordered pairs, and the lower section
contains the address for the next page chunk. <code>H1</code> is the native hash function,
and <code>H2</code> is the one used by the CAS. The numbers corresponds to the messages.</p>
<p>To indicate which CAS is used, a remote log SHOULD use a multiaddr.</p>
<p><strong>Embedded data:</strong></p>
<p>A remote log MAY also choose to embed the wire payloads that corresponds to the
native hash. This bypasses the need for a dedicated CAS and additional
round-trips, with a trade-off in bandwidth usage.</p>
<pre><code class="language-yaml">| H1_3 | | C_3 |
| H1_2 | | C_2 |
| H1_1 | | C_1 |
| -------------|
| next_page |
</code></pre>
<p>Here <code>C</code> stands for the content that would be stored at the CAS.</p>
<p>Both patterns can be used in parallel, e,g. by storing the last <code>k</code> messages
directly and use CAS pointers for the rest. Together with the <code>next_page</code> page
semantics, this gives users flexibility in terms of bandwidth and
latency/indirection, all the way from a simple linked list to a fully replicated
log. The latter is useful for things like backups on durable storage.</p>
<h3 id="next-page-semantics"><a class="header" href="#next-page-semantics">Next page semantics</a></h3>
<p>The pointer to the 'next page' is another remote log entry, at a previous point
in time.</p>
<!-- TODO: Determine requirement re overlapping, adjacent,
and/or missing entries -->
<!-- TODO: Document message ordering append only requirements -->
<h3 id="interaction-with-mvds"><a class="header" href="#interaction-with-mvds">Interaction with MVDS</a></h3>
<p><a href="../2/mvds.html">vac.mvds.Message</a> payloads are the only payloads
that MUST be uploaded.
Other messages types MAY be uploaded, depending on the implementation.</p>
<h2 id="acknowledgments"><a class="header" href="#acknowledgments">Acknowledgments</a></h2>
<p>TBD.</p>
<h2 id="copyright"><a class="header" href="#copyright">Copyright</a></h2>
<p>Copyright and related rights waived via <a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">CC0</a>.</p>
<h2 id="footnotes"><a class="header" href="#footnotes">Footnotes</a></h2>
<div class="footnote-definition" id="1"><sup class="footnote-definition-label">1</sup>
<p><a href="https://github.com/vacp2p/research/tree/master/remote_log">https://github.com/vacp2p/research/tree/master/remote_log</a></p>
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