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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="../../../../index.html">Introduction</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../vac/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> Vac</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../vac/1/coss.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> 1/COSS</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../vac/2/mvds.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.2.</strong> 2/MVDS</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../vac/3/remote-log.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.3.</strong> 3/Remote Log</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../vac/4/mvds-meta.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.4.</strong> 4/MVDS Meta</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../vac/25/libp2p-dns-discovery.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.5.</strong> 25/Libp2p DNS Discovery</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../vac/32/rln-v1.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.6.</strong> 32/RLN-V1</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../vac/raw/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.</strong> Raw</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../vac/raw/consensus-hashgraphlike.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.1.</strong> Consensus Hashgraphlike</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../vac/raw/decentralized-messaging-ethereum.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.2.</strong> Decentralized Messaging Ethereum</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../vac/raw/eth-mls-offchain.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.3.</strong> ETH MLS Offchain</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../vac/raw/eth-mls-onchain.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.4.</strong> ETH MLS Onchain</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../vac/raw/deleted/eth-secpm.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.5.</strong> ETH SecPM</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../vac/raw/gossipsub-tor-push.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.6.</strong> Gossipsub Tor Push</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../vac/raw/logos-capability-discovery.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.7.</strong> Logos Capability Discovery</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../vac/raw/mix.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.8.</strong> Mix</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../vac/raw/noise-x3dh-double-ratchet.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.9.</strong> Noise X3DH Double Ratchet</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../vac/raw/rln-interep-spec.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.10.</strong> RLN Interep Spec</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../vac/raw/rln-stealth-commitments.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.11.</strong> RLN Stealth Commitments</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../vac/raw/rln-v2.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.12.</strong> RLN-V2</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../vac/raw/sds.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.13.</strong> SDS</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../vac/template.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.8.</strong> Template</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../waku/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> Waku</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../waku/standards/core/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> Standards - Core</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../waku/standards/core/10/waku2.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.1.</strong> 10/Waku2</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../waku/standards/core/11/relay.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.2.</strong> 11/Relay</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../waku/standards/core/12/filter.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.3.</strong> 12/Filter</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../waku/standards/core/13/store.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.4.</strong> 13/Store</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../waku/standards/core/14/message.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.5.</strong> 14/Message</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../waku/standards/core/15/bridge.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.6.</strong> 15/Bridge</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../waku/standards/core/17/rln-relay.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.7.</strong> 17/RLN Relay</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../waku/standards/core/19/lightpush.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.8.</strong> 19/Lightpush</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../waku/standards/core/31/enr.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.9.</strong> 31/ENR</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../waku/standards/core/33/discv5.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.10.</strong> 33/Discv5</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../waku/standards/core/34/peer-exchange.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.11.</strong> 34/Peer Exchange</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../waku/standards/core/36/bindings-api.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.12.</strong> 36/Bindings API</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../waku/standards/core/64/network.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.13.</strong> 64/Network</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../waku/standards/core/66/metadata.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.14.</strong> 66/Metadata</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../waku/standards/application/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> Standards - Application</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../waku/standards/application/20/toy-eth-pm.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.1.</strong> 20/Toy ETH PM</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../waku/standards/application/26/payload.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.2.</strong> 26/Payload</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../waku/standards/application/53/x3dh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.3.</strong> 53/X3DH</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../waku/standards/application/54/x3dh-sessions.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.4.</strong> 54/X3DH Sessions</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../waku/standards/legacy/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> Standards - Legacy</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../waku/standards/legacy/6/waku1.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.1.</strong> 6/Waku1</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../waku/standards/legacy/7/data.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.2.</strong> 7/Data</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../waku/standards/legacy/8/mail.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.3.</strong> 8/Mail</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../waku/standards/legacy/9/rpc.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.4.</strong> 9/RPC</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../waku/informational/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.</strong> Informational</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../waku/informational/22/toy-chat.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.1.</strong> 22/Toy Chat</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../waku/informational/23/topics.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.2.</strong> 23/Topics</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../waku/informational/27/peers.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.3.</strong> 27/Peers</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../waku/informational/29/config.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.4.</strong> 29/Config</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../waku/informational/30/adaptive-nodes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.5.</strong> 30/Adaptive Nodes</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../waku/deprecated/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.5.</strong> Deprecated</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../waku/deprecated/5/waku0.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.5.1.</strong> 5/Waku0</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../waku/deprecated/16/rpc.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.5.2.</strong> 16/RPC</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../waku/deprecated/18/swap.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.5.3.</strong> 18/Swap</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../waku/deprecated/fault-tolerant-store.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.5.4.</strong> Fault Tolerant Store</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../nomos/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> Nomos</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../nomos/raw/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.</strong> Raw</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../nomos/raw/nomosda-encoding.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.1.</strong> NomosDA Encoding</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../nomos/raw/nomosda-network.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.2.</strong> NomosDA Network</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../nomos/raw/p2p-hardware-requirements.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.3.</strong> P2P Hardware Requirements</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../nomos/raw/p2p-nat-solution.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.4.</strong> P2P NAT Solution</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../nomos/raw/p2p-network-bootstrapping.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.5.</strong> P2P Network Bootstrapping</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../nomos/raw/p2p-network.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.6.</strong> P2P Network</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../nomos/raw/sdp.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.7.</strong> SDP</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../nomos/deprecated/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.</strong> Deprecated</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../nomos/deprecated/claro.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.1.</strong> Claro</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../codex/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.</strong> Codex</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../codex/raw/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.1.</strong> Raw</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../codex/raw/codex-block-exchange.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.1.1.</strong> Block Exchange</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../codex/raw/codex-marketplace.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.1.2.</strong> Marketplace</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../status/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.</strong> Status</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../status/24/curation.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.1.</strong> 24/Curation</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../status/28/featuring.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.2.</strong> 28/Featuring</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../status/55/1to1-chat.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.3.</strong> 55/1-to-1 Chat</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../status/56/communities.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.4.</strong> 56/Communities</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../status/61/community-history-service.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.5.</strong> 61/Community History Service</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../status/62/payloads.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.6.</strong> 62/Payloads</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../status/63/keycard-usage.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.7.</strong> 63/Keycard Usage</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../status/65/account-address.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.8.</strong> 65/Account Address</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../status/71/push-notification-server.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.9.</strong> 71/Push Notification Server</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../status/raw/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.10.</strong> Raw</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../status/raw/simple-scaling.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.10.1.</strong> Simple Scaling</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../status/raw/status-app-protocols.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.10.2.</strong> Status App Protocols</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../status/raw/status-mvds.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.10.3.</strong> Status MVDS</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../status/raw/url-data.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.10.4.</strong> URL Data</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../status/raw/url-scheme.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.10.5.</strong> URL Scheme</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../status/deprecated/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.11.</strong> Deprecated</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../status/deprecated/3rd-party.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.11.1.</strong> 3rd Party</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../status/deprecated/account.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.11.2.</strong> Account</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a 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Mailserver</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../status/deprecated/waku-usage.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.11.15.</strong> Waku Usage</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../status/deprecated/whisper-mailserver.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.11.16.</strong> Whisper Mailserver</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../../../status/deprecated/whisper-usage.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.11.17.</strong> Whisper Usage</a></li></ol></li></ol></li></ol>
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<h1 class="menu-title">Vac RFC</h1>
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<h1 id="7waku-data"><a class="header" href="#7waku-data">7/WAKU-DATA</a></h1>
<div class="table-wrapper"><table><thead><tr><th>Field</th><th>Value</th></tr></thead><tbody>
<tr><td>Name</td><td>Waku Envelope data field</td></tr>
<tr><td>Slug</td><td>7</td></tr>
<tr><td>Status</td><td>stable</td></tr>
<tr><td>Editor</td><td>Oskar Thorén <a href="mailto:oskarth@titanproxy.com">oskarth@titanproxy.com</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>Contributors</td><td>Dean Eigenmann <a href="mailto:dean@status.im">dean@status.im</a>, Kim De Mey <a href="mailto:kimdemey@status.im">kimdemey@status.im</a></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div><!-- timeline:start -->
<h2 id="timeline"><a class="header" href="#timeline">Timeline</a></h2>
<ul>
<li><strong>2025-12-22</strong><a href="https://github.com/vacp2p/rfc-index/blob/0f1855edcf68ef982c4ce478b67d660809aa9830/docs/waku/standards/legacy/7/data.md"><code>0f1855e</code></a> — Chore/fix headers (#239)</li>
<li><strong>2025-12-22</strong><a href="https://github.com/vacp2p/rfc-index/blob/b1a578393edf8487ccc97a5f25b25af9bf41efb3/docs/waku/standards/legacy/7/data.md"><code>b1a5783</code></a> — Chore/mdbook updates (#237)</li>
<li><strong>2025-12-18</strong><a href="https://github.com/vacp2p/rfc-index/blob/d03e699084774ebecef9c6d4662498907c5e2080/docs/waku/standards/legacy/7/data.md"><code>d03e699</code></a> — ci: add mdBook configuration (#233)</li>
<li><strong>2024-09-13</strong><a href="https://github.com/vacp2p/rfc-index/blob/3ab314d87d4525ff1296bf3d9ec634d570777b91/waku/standards/legacy/7/data.md"><code>3ab314d</code></a> — Fix Files for Linting (#94)</li>
<li><strong>2024-03-21</strong><a href="https://github.com/vacp2p/rfc-index/blob/2eaa7949c4abe7d14e2b9560e8c045bf2e937c9a/waku/standards/legacy/7/data.md"><code>2eaa794</code></a> — Broken Links + Change Editors (#26)</li>
<li><strong>2024-02-12</strong><a href="https://github.com/vacp2p/rfc-index/blob/a57d7b4732eb600c2f9281a26d106d526308ed49/waku/standards/legacy/7/data.md"><code>a57d7b4</code></a> — Rename data.md to data.md</li>
<li><strong>2024-01-31</strong><a href="https://github.com/vacp2p/rfc-index/blob/900a3e92b4d8fd1ecbc4b8cd59429faf6aff4e71/waku/standards/application/7/data.md"><code>900a3e9</code></a> — Update and rename DATA.md to data.md</li>
<li><strong>2024-01-27</strong><a href="https://github.com/vacp2p/rfc-index/blob/662eb12909d9ba09a345fea0864f08f5a780b913/waku/standards/application/7/DATA.md"><code>662eb12</code></a> — Rename README.md to DATA.md</li>
<li><strong>2024-01-27</strong><a href="https://github.com/vacp2p/rfc-index/blob/eef961bfe3b1cf6aab66df5450555afd1d3543cb/waku/standards/application/07/README.md"><code>eef961b</code></a> — remove rfs folder</li>
<li><strong>2024-01-25</strong><a href="https://github.com/vacp2p/rfc-index/blob/93c389620d94c46689856a85f3393b8fa50cca2e/waku/rfcs/standards/application/07/README.md"><code>93c3896</code></a> — Create README.md</li>
</ul>
<!-- timeline:end -->
<p>This specification describes the encryption,
decryption and signing of the content in the <a href="../6/waku1.html">data field used in Waku</a>.</p>
<h2 id="specification"><a class="header" href="#specification">Specification</a></h2>
<p>The <code>data</code> field is used within the <code>waku envelope</code>,
the field MUST contain the encrypted payload of the envelope.</p>
<p>The fields that are concatenated and encrypted as part of the <code>data</code> field are:</p>
<ul>
<li>flags</li>
<li>auxiliary field</li>
<li>payload</li>
<li>padding</li>
<li>signature</li>
</ul>
<p>In case of symmetric encryption, a <code>salt</code>
(a.k.a. AES Nonce, 12 bytes) field MUST be appended.</p>
<h3 id="abnf"><a class="header" href="#abnf">ABNF</a></h3>
<p>Using <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5234">Augmented Backus-Naur form (ABNF)</a>
we have the following format:</p>
<pre><code class="language-abnf">; 1 byte; first two bits contain the size of auxiliary field,
; third bit indicates whether the signature is present.
flags = 1OCTET
; contains the size of payload.
auxiliary-field = 4*OCTET
; byte array of arbitrary size (may be zero)
payload = *OCTET
; byte array of arbitrary size (may be zero).
padding = *OCTET
; 65 bytes, if present.
signature = 65OCTET
; 2 bytes, if present (in case of symmetric encryption).
salt = 2OCTET
data = flags auxiliary-field payload padding [signature] [salt]
</code></pre>
<h3 id="signature"><a class="header" href="#signature">Signature</a></h3>
<p>Those unable to decrypt the envelope data are also unable to access the signature.
The signature, if provided,
is the ECDSA signature of the Keccak-256 hash of the unencrypted data
using the secret key of the originator identity.
The signature is serialized as the concatenation of the <code>R</code>, <code>S</code> and
<code>V</code> parameters of the SECP-256k1 ECDSA signature, in that order.
<code>R</code> and <code>S</code> MUST be big-endian encoded, fixed-width 256-bit unsigned.
<code>V</code> MUST be an 8-bit big-endian encoded,
non-normalized and should be either 27 or 28.</p>
<h3 id="padding"><a class="header" href="#padding">Padding</a></h3>
<p>The padding field is used to align data size,
since data size alone might reveal important metainformation.
Padding can be arbitrary size.
However, it is recommended that the size of Data Field (excluding the Salt)
before encryption (i.e. plain text) SHOULD be factor of 256 bytes.</p>
<h2 id="copyright"><a class="header" href="#copyright">Copyright</a></h2>
<p>Copyright and related rights waived via <a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">CC0</a>.</p>
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