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2025-12-22 13:04:47 +00:00

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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="../../index.html">Introduction</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> Vac</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/1/coss.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> 1/COSS</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/2/mvds.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.2.</strong> 2/MVDS</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/3/remote-log.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.3.</strong> 3/Remote Log</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/4/mvds-meta.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.4.</strong> 4/MVDS Meta</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/25/libp2p-dns-discovery.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.5.</strong> 25/Libp2p DNS Discovery</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/32/rln-v1.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.6.</strong> 32/RLN-V1</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/raw/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.</strong> Raw</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/raw/consensus-hashgraphlike.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.1.</strong> Consensus Hashgraphlike</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/raw/decentralized-messaging-ethereum.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.2.</strong> Decentralized Messaging Ethereum</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/raw/eth-mls-offchain.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.3.</strong> ETH MLS Offchain</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/raw/eth-mls-onchain.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.4.</strong> ETH MLS Onchain</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/raw/deleted/eth-secpm.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.5.</strong> ETH SecPM</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/raw/gossipsub-tor-push.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.6.</strong> Gossipsub Tor Push</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/raw/logos-capability-discovery.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.7.</strong> Logos Capability Discovery</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/raw/mix.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.8.</strong> Mix</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/raw/noise-x3dh-double-ratchet.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.9.</strong> Noise X3DH Double Ratchet</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/raw/rln-interep-spec.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.10.</strong> RLN Interep Spec</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/raw/rln-stealth-commitments.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.11.</strong> RLN Stealth Commitments</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/raw/rln-v2.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.12.</strong> RLN-V2</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/raw/sds.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.13.</strong> SDS</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../vac/template.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.8.</strong> Template</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> Waku</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/core/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> Standards - Core</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/core/10/waku2.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.1.</strong> 10/Waku2</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/core/11/relay.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.2.</strong> 11/Relay</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/core/12/filter.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.3.</strong> 12/Filter</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/core/13/store.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.4.</strong> 13/Store</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/core/14/message.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.5.</strong> 14/Message</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/core/15/bridge.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.6.</strong> 15/Bridge</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/core/17/rln-relay.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.7.</strong> 17/RLN Relay</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/core/19/lightpush.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.8.</strong> 19/Lightpush</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/core/31/enr.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.9.</strong> 31/ENR</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/core/33/discv5.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.10.</strong> 33/Discv5</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/core/34/peer-exchange.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.11.</strong> 34/Peer Exchange</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/core/36/bindings-api.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.12.</strong> 36/Bindings API</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/core/64/network.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.13.</strong> 64/Network</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/core/66/metadata.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.14.</strong> 66/Metadata</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/application/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> Standards - Application</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/application/20/toy-eth-pm.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.1.</strong> 20/Toy ETH PM</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/application/26/payload.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.2.</strong> 26/Payload</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/application/53/x3dh.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.3.</strong> 53/X3DH</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/application/54/x3dh-sessions.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.4.</strong> 54/X3DH Sessions</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/legacy/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> Standards - Legacy</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/standards/legacy/6/waku1.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.1.</strong> 6/Waku1</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a 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27/Peers</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/informational/29/config.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.4.</strong> 29/Config</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/informational/30/adaptive-nodes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.5.</strong> 30/Adaptive Nodes</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/deprecated/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.5.</strong> Deprecated</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/deprecated/5/waku0.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.5.1.</strong> 5/Waku0</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/deprecated/16/rpc.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.5.2.</strong> 16/RPC</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/deprecated/18/swap.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.5.3.</strong> 18/Swap</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../waku/deprecated/fault-tolerant-store.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.5.4.</strong> Fault Tolerant Store</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../nomos/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> Nomos</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../nomos/raw/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.</strong> Raw</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../nomos/raw/nomosda-encoding.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.1.</strong> NomosDA Encoding</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../nomos/raw/nomosda-network.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.2.</strong> NomosDA Network</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../nomos/raw/p2p-hardware-requirements.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.3.</strong> P2P Hardware Requirements</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../nomos/raw/p2p-nat-solution.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.4.</strong> P2P NAT Solution</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../nomos/raw/p2p-network-bootstrapping.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.5.</strong> P2P Network Bootstrapping</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../nomos/raw/p2p-network.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.6.</strong> P2P Network</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../nomos/raw/sdp.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.7.</strong> SDP</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../nomos/deprecated/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.</strong> Deprecated</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../nomos/deprecated/claro.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.1.</strong> Claro</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../codex/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.</strong> Codex</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../codex/raw/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.1.</strong> Raw</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../codex/raw/codex-block-exchange.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.1.1.</strong> Block Exchange</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../codex/raw/codex-marketplace.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.1.2.</strong> Marketplace</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../status/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.</strong> Status</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../status/24/curation.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.1.</strong> 24/Curation</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../status/28/featuring.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.2.</strong> 28/Featuring</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../status/55/1to1-chat.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.3.</strong> 55/1-to-1 Chat</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../status/56/communities.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.4.</strong> 56/Communities</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../status/61/community-history-service.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.5.</strong> 61/Community History Service</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../status/62/payloads.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.6.</strong> 62/Payloads</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../status/63/keycard-usage.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.7.</strong> 63/Keycard Usage</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../status/65/account-address.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.8.</strong> 65/Account Address</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../status/71/push-notification-server.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.9.</strong> 71/Push Notification Server</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../status/raw/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.10.</strong> Raw</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../status/raw/simple-scaling.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.10.1.</strong> Simple Scaling</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../status/raw/status-app-protocols.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.10.2.</strong> Status App Protocols</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../status/raw/status-mvds.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.10.3.</strong> Status MVDS</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../status/raw/url-data.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.10.4.</strong> URL Data</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../status/raw/url-scheme.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.10.5.</strong> URL Scheme</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../status/deprecated/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.11.</strong> 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<h1 class="menu-title">Vac RFC</h1>
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<h1 id="rln-interep-spec"><a class="header" href="#rln-interep-spec">RLN-INTEREP-SPEC</a></h1>
<div class="rfc-meta">
<table>
<tr><th>Name</th><td>Interep as group management for RLN</td></tr>
<tr><th>Status</th><td>raw</td></tr>
<tr><th>Editor</th><td>Aaryamann Challani &lt;p1ge0nh8er@proton.me&gt;</td></tr>
</table>
</div>
<!-- timeline:start -->
<h2 id="timeline"><a class="header" href="#timeline">Timeline</a></h2>
<ul>
<li><strong>2025-12-22</strong><a href="https://github.com/vacp2p/rfc-index/blob/b1a578393edf8487ccc97a5f25b25af9bf41efb3/docs/vac/raw/rln-interep-spec.md"><code>b1a5783</code></a> — Chore/mdbook updates (#237)</li>
<li><strong>2025-12-18</strong><a href="https://github.com/vacp2p/rfc-index/blob/d03e699084774ebecef9c6d4662498907c5e2080/docs/vac/raw/rln-interep-spec.md"><code>d03e699</code></a> — ci: add mdBook configuration (#233)</li>
<li><strong>2024-09-13</strong><a href="https://github.com/vacp2p/rfc-index/blob/3ab314d87d4525ff1296bf3d9ec634d570777b91/vac/raw/rln-interep-spec.md"><code>3ab314d</code></a> — Fix Files for Linting (#94)</li>
<li><strong>2024-08-05</strong><a href="https://github.com/vacp2p/rfc-index/blob/eb25cd06d679e94409072a96841de16a6b3910d5/vac/raw/rln-interep-spec.md"><code>eb25cd0</code></a> — chore: replace email addresses (#86)</li>
<li><strong>2024-05-27</strong><a href="https://github.com/vacp2p/rfc-index/blob/99be3b974509ea03561c7ef4b1b02a56f24e9297/vac/raw/rln-interep-spec.md"><code>99be3b9</code></a> — Move Raw Specs (#37)</li>
<li><strong>2024-02-01</strong><a href="https://github.com/vacp2p/rfc-index/blob/860bae20d9eb9f17ac6c3839f939d545bf796835/vac/48/rln-interep-spec.md"><code>860bae2</code></a> — Update rln-interep-spec.md</li>
<li><strong>2024-02-01</strong><a href="https://github.com/vacp2p/rfc-index/blob/3f722d945c53b8356be6282f9c20646e099a2122/vac/48/rln-interep-spec.md"><code>3f722d9</code></a> — Update and rename README.md to rln-interep-spec.md</li>
<li><strong>2024-01-30</strong><a href="https://github.com/vacp2p/rfc-index/blob/ea623980770922d0dfe2f861db885ca1ae9dd84e/vac/48/README.md"><code>ea62398</code></a> — Create README.md</li>
</ul>
<!-- timeline:end -->
<h2 id="abstract"><a class="header" href="#abstract">Abstract</a></h2>
<p>This spec integrates <a href="https://interep.link">Interep</a>
into the <a href="../32/rln-v1.html">RLN</a> spec.
Interep is a group management protocol
that allows for the creation of groups of users and
the management of their membership.
It is used to manage the membership of the RLN group.</p>
<p>Interep ties in web2 identities with reputation, and
sorts the users into groups based on their reputation score.
For example, a GitHub user with over 100 followers is considered to have "gold" reputation.</p>
<p>Interep uses <a href="https://semaphore.appliedzkp.org/">Semaphore</a>
under the hood to allow anonymous signaling of membership in a group.
Therefore, a user with a "gold" reputation can prove the existence
of their membership without revealing their identity.</p>
<p>RLN is used for spam prevention, and Interep is used for group management.</p>
<p>By using Interep with RLN,
we allow users to join RLN membership groups
without the need for on-chain financial stake.</p>
<h2 id="motivation"><a class="header" href="#motivation">Motivation</a></h2>
<p>To have Sybil-Resistant group management,
there are <a href="https://github.com/vacp2p/rln-contract">implementations</a>
of RLN which make use of financial stake on-chain.
However, this is not ideal because it reduces the barrier of entry for honest participants.</p>
<p>In this case,
honest participants will most likely have a web2 identity accessible to them,
which can be used for joining an Interep reputation group.
By modifying the RLN spec to use Interep,
we can have Sybil-Resistant group management
without the need for on-chain financial stake.</p>
<p>Since RLN and Interep both use Semaphore-style credentials,
it is possible to use the same set of credentials for both.</p>
<h2 id="functional-operation"><a class="header" href="#functional-operation">Functional Operation</a></h2>
<p>Using Interep with RLN involves the following steps -</p>
<ol>
<li>Generate Semaphore credentials</li>
<li>Verify reputation and join Interep group</li>
<li>Join RLN membership group via interaction with Smart Contract,
by passing a proof of membership to the Interep group</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="1-generate-semaphore-credentials"><a class="header" href="#1-generate-semaphore-credentials">1. Generate Semaphore credentials</a></h3>
<p>Semaphore credentials are generated in a standard way,
depicted in the <a href="https://semaphore.appliedzkp.org/docs/guides/identities#create-deterministic-identities">Semaphore documentation</a>.</p>
<h3 id="2-verify-reputation-and-join-interep-group"><a class="header" href="#2-verify-reputation-and-join-interep-group">2. Verify reputation and join Interep group</a></h3>
<p>Using the Interep app deployed on <a href="https://goerli.interep.link/">Goerli</a>,
the user can check their reputation tier and join the corresponding group.
This results in a transaction to the Interep contract, which adds them to the group.</p>
<h3 id="3-join-rln-membership-group"><a class="header" href="#3-join-rln-membership-group">3. Join RLN membership group</a></h3>
<p>Instead of sending funds to the RLN contract to join the membership group,
the user can send a proof of membership to the Interep group.
This proof is generated by the user, and
is verified by the contract.
The contract ensures that the user is a member of the Interep group, and
then adds them to the RLN membership group.</p>
<p>Following is the modified signature of the register function
in the RLN contract -</p>
<pre><code class="language-solidity"> /// @param groupId: Id of the group.
/// @param signal: Semaphore signal.
/// @param nullifierHash: Nullifier hash.
/// @param externalNullifier: External nullifier.
/// @param proof: Zero-knowledge proof.
/// @param idCommitment: ID Commitment of the member.
function register(
uint256 groupId,
bytes32 signal,
uint256 nullifierHash,
uint256 externalNullifier,
uint256[8] calldata proof,
uint256 idCommitment
)
</code></pre>
<h2 id="verification-of-messages"><a class="header" href="#verification-of-messages">Verification of messages</a></h2>
<p>Messages are verified the same way as in the <a href="../32/rln-v1.html">RLN spec</a>.</p>
<h2 id="slashing"><a class="header" href="#slashing">Slashing</a></h2>
<p>The slashing mechanism is the same as in the <a href="../32/rln-v1.html">RLN spec</a>.
It is important to note that the slashing
may not have the intended effect on the user,
since the only consequence is that they cannot send messages.
This is due to the fact that the user
can send a identity commitment in the registration to the RLN contract,
which is different than the one used in the Interep group.</p>
<h2 id="proof-of-concept"><a class="header" href="#proof-of-concept">Proof of Concept</a></h2>
<p>A proof of concept is available at
<a href="https://github.com/vacp2p/rln-interep-contract">vacp2p/rln-interp-contract</a>
which integrates Interep with RLN.</p>
<h2 id="security-considerations"><a class="header" href="#security-considerations">Security Considerations</a></h2>
<ol>
<li>As mentioned in <a href="#slashing">Slashing</a>,
the slashing mechanism may not have the intended effect on the user.</li>
<li>This spec inherits the security considerations of the <a href="../32/rln-v1.html">RLN spec</a>.</li>
<li>This spec inherits the security considerations of <a href="https://docs.interep.link/">Interep</a>.</li>
<li>A user may make multiple registrations using the same Interep proofs but
different identity commitments.
The way to mitigate this is to check if the nullifier hash has been detected
previously in proof verification.</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="references"><a class="header" href="#references">References</a></h2>
<ol>
<li><a href="../32/rln-v1.html">RLN spec</a></li>
<li><a href="https://interep.link">Interep</a></li>
<li><a href="https://semaphore.appliedzkp.org/">Semaphore</a></li>
<li><a href="https://ethresear.ch/t/decentralised-cloudflare-using-rln-and-rich-user-identities/10774">Decentralized cloudflare using Interep</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/interep-project/contracts">Interep contracts</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/vacp2p/rln-contract">RLN contract</a></li>
<li><a href="https://rlnp2p.vac.dev/">RLNP2P</a></li>
</ol>
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