{
 "cells": [
  {
   "attachments": {},
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<a href=\"https://colab.research.google.com/github/microsoft/autogen/blob/main/notebook/agentchat_MathChat.ipynb\" target=\"_parent\"><img src=\"https://colab.research.google.com/assets/colab-badge.svg\" alt=\"Open In Colab\"/></a>"
   ]
  },
  {
   "attachments": {},
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Auto Generated Agent Chat: Using MathChat to Solve Math Problems\n",
    "\n",
    "AutoGen offers conversable agents powered by LLM, tool or human, which can be used to perform tasks collectively via automated chat. This framework allows tool use and human participation through multi-agent conversation. Please find documentation about this feature [here](https://microsoft.github.io/autogen/docs/Use-Cases/agent_chat).\n",
    "\n",
    "MathChat is an experimental conversational framework for math problem solving. In this notebook, we demonstrate how to use MathChat to solve math problems. MathChat uses the `AssistantAgent` and `MathUserProxyAgent`, which is similar to the usage of `AssistantAgent` and `UserProxyAgent` in other notebooks (e.g., [Automated Task Solving with Code Generation, Execution & Debugging](https://github.com/microsoft/autogen/blob/0.2/notebook/agentchat_auto_feedback_from_code_execution.ipynb)). Essentially, `MathUserProxyAgent` implements a different auto reply mechanism corresponding to the MathChat prompts. You can find more details in the paper [An Empirical Study on Challenging Math Problem Solving with GPT-4](https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.01337) or the [blogpost](https://microsoft.github.io/autogen/blog/2023/06/28/MathChat).\n",
    "\n",
    "````{=mdx}\n",
    ":::info Requirements\n",
    "Some extra dependencies are needed for this notebook, which can be installed via pip:\n",
    "\n",
    "```bash\n",
    "pip install autogen-agentchat[mathchat]~=0.2\n",
    "```\n",
    "\n",
    "For more information, please refer to the [installation guide](/docs/installation/).\n",
    ":::\n",
    "````"
   ]
  },
  {
   "attachments": {},
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Set your API Endpoint\n",
    "\n",
    "The [`config_list_from_json`](https://microsoft.github.io/autogen/docs/reference/oai/openai_utils#config_list_from_json) function loads a list of configurations from an environment variable or a json file.\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import os\n",
    "\n",
    "import autogen\n",
    "from autogen.agentchat.contrib.math_user_proxy_agent import MathUserProxyAgent\n",
    "\n",
    "config_list = autogen.config_list_from_json(\n",
    "    \"OAI_CONFIG_LIST\",\n",
    "    filter_dict={\n",
    "        \"model\": {\n",
    "            \"gpt-4o\",\n",
    "        }\n",
    "    },\n",
    ")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "attachments": {},
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "It first looks for environment variable \"OAI_CONFIG_LIST\" which needs to be a valid json string. If that variable is not found, it then looks for a json file named \"OAI_CONFIG_LIST\". It filters the configs by models (you can filter by other keys as well).\n",
    "\n",
    "The config list looks like the following:\n",
    "```python\n",
    "config_list = [\n",
    "    {\n",
    "        'model': 'gpt-4',\n",
    "        'api_key': '<your OpenAI API key here>',\n",
    "    },\n",
    "    {\n",
    "        'model': 'gpt-4',\n",
    "        'api_key': '<your Azure OpenAI API key here>',\n",
    "        'base_url': '<your Azure OpenAI API base here>',\n",
    "        'api_type': 'azure',\n",
    "        'api_version': '2024-02-01',\n",
    "    },\n",
    "    {\n",
    "        'model': 'gpt-3.5-turbo',\n",
    "        'api_key': '<your Azure OpenAI API key here>',\n",
    "        'base_url': '<your Azure OpenAI API base here>',\n",
    "        'api_type': 'azure',\n",
    "        'api_version': '2024-02-01',\n",
    "    },\n",
    "]\n",
    "```\n",
    "\n",
    "If you open this notebook in colab, you can upload your files by clicking the file icon on the left panel and then choose \"upload file\" icon.\n",
    "\n",
    "You can set the value of config_list in other ways you prefer, e.g., loading from a YAML file."
   ]
  },
  {
   "attachments": {},
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Construct agents for MathChat\n",
    "\n",
    "We start by initializing the `AssistantAgent` and `MathUserProxyAgent`. The system message needs to be set to \"You are a helpful assistant.\" for MathChat. The detailed instructions are given in the user message. Later we will use the `MathUserProxyAgent.message_generator` to combine the instructions and a math problem for an initial message to be sent to the LLM assistant."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# 1. create an AssistantAgent instance named \"assistant\"\n",
    "assistant = autogen.AssistantAgent(\n",
    "    name=\"assistant\",\n",
    "    system_message=\"You are a helpful assistant.\",\n",
    "    llm_config={\n",
    "        \"timeout\": 600,\n",
    "        \"seed\": 42,\n",
    "        \"config_list\": config_list,\n",
    "    },\n",
    ")\n",
    "\n",
    "# 2. create the MathUserProxyAgent instance named \"mathproxyagent\"\n",
    "# By default, the human_input_mode is \"NEVER\", which means the agent will not ask for human input.\n",
    "mathproxyagent = MathUserProxyAgent(\n",
    "    name=\"mathproxyagent\",\n",
    "    human_input_mode=\"NEVER\",\n",
    "    code_execution_config={\"use_docker\": False},\n",
    ")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "attachments": {},
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Example 1\n",
    "\n",
    "Problem: Find all $x$ that satisfy the inequality $(2x+10)(x+3)<(3x+9)(x+8)$. Express your answer in interval notation.\n",
    "\n",
    "Correct Solution: \n",
    "We have \\begin{align*} (2x+10)(x+3)&<(3x+9)(x+8) \\quad \\Rightarrow\n",
    "\\\\ 2(x+5)(x+3)&<3(x+3)(x+8) \\quad \\Rightarrow\n",
    "\\\\ 2(x+5)(x+3)-3(x+3)(x+8)&<0 \\quad \\Rightarrow\n",
    "\\\\ (2x+10-(3x+24))(x+3)&<0 \\quad \\Rightarrow\n",
    "\\\\ (-x-14)(x+3)&<0 \\quad \\Rightarrow\n",
    "\\\\ (x+14)(x+3)&>0.\n",
    "\\end{align*} This inequality is satisfied if and only if $(x+14)$ and $(x+3)$ are either both positive or both negative.  Both factors are positive for $x>-3$ and both factors are negative for $x<-14$.  When $-14<x<-3$, one factor is positive and the other negative, so their product is negative.   Therefore, the range of $x$ that satisfies the inequality is $ \\boxed{(-\\infty, -14)\\cup(-3,\\infty)} $."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "\u001b[33mmathproxyagent\u001b[0m (to assistant):\n",
      "\n",
      "Let's use Python to solve a math problem.\n",
      "\n",
      "Query requirements:\n",
      "You should always use the 'print' function for the output and use fractions/radical forms instead of decimals.\n",
      "You can use packages like sympy to help you.\n",
      "You must follow the formats below to write your code:\n",
      "```python\n",
      "# your code\n",
      "```\n",
      "\n",
      "First state the key idea to solve the problem. You may choose from three ways to solve the problem:\n",
      "Case 1: If the problem can be solved with Python code directly, please write a program to solve it. You can enumerate all possible arrangements if needed.\n",
      "Case 2: If the problem is mostly reasoning, you can solve it by yourself directly.\n",
      "Case 3: If the problem cannot be handled in the above two ways, please follow this process:\n",
      "1. Solve the problem step by step (do not over-divide the steps).\n",
      "2. Take out any queries that can be asked through Python (for example, any calculations or equations that can be calculated).\n",
      "3. Wait for me to give the results.\n",
      "4. Continue if you think the result is correct. If the result is invalid or unexpected, please correct your query or reasoning.\n",
      "\n",
      "After all the queries are run and you get the answer, put the answer in \\boxed{}.\n",
      "\n",
      "Problem:\n",
      "Find all $x$ that satisfy the inequality $(2x+10)(x+3)<(3x+9)(x+8)$. Express your answer in interval notation.\n",
      "\n",
      "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
      "\u001b[33massistant\u001b[0m (to mathproxyagent):\n",
      "\n",
      "Key idea: To solve the inequality $(2x+10)(x+3)<(3x+9)(x+8)$, we will expand both sides, simplify the resulting expression, and then solve for $x$. This process may involve factoring a quadratic expression and finding the critical points where the inequality may change signs. We will analyze the intervals between these points to determine where the inequality holds true.\n",
      "\n",
      "Let's solve the problem step by step:\n",
      "\n",
      "Step 1: Expand both sides of the inequality.\n",
      "\n",
      "```python\n",
      "from sympy import symbols, expand\n",
      "\n",
      "x = symbols('x')\n",
      "lhs = expand((2*x + 10) * (x + 3))\n",
      "rhs = expand((3*x + 9) * (x + 8))\n",
      "```\n",
      "\n",
      "Step 2: Subtract one side of the inequality from the other to move all terms to one side.\n",
      "\n",
      "```python\n",
      "inequality = lhs - rhs\n",
      "```\n",
      "\n",
      "Step 3: Factor the resulting expression to find the critical points (where the expression is equal to zero).\n",
      "\n",
      "```python\n",
      "from sympy import solve\n",
      "\n",
      "critical_points = solve(inequality, x)\n",
      "```\n",
      "\n",
      "Step 4: Determine intervals based on the critical points and test the intervals to find where the inequality holds true.\n",
      "\n",
      "```python\n",
      "from sympy import solveset, S\n",
      "\n",
      "# finding the intervals where the inequality holds true\n",
      "solution_intervals = solveset(inequality, x, domain=S.Reals)\n",
      "```\n",
      "\n",
      "Step 5: Output the solution in interval notation.\n",
      "\n",
      "```python\n",
      "print(solution_intervals)\n",
      "```\n",
      "\n",
      "This will give us the solution in interval notation. Now, let's run this code step by step. Please run Step 1 to calculate the expanded forms of both sides of the inequality.\n",
      "\n",
      "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
      "\u001b[33mmathproxyagent\u001b[0m (to assistant):\n",
      "\n",
      "No output found. Make sure you print the results.\n",
      "Error: Traceback (most recent call last):\n",
      "  File \"\", line 3, in <module>\n",
      "    inequality = lhs - rhs\n",
      "NameError: name 'lhs' is not defined\n",
      "\n",
      "Error: Traceback (most recent call last):\n",
      "  File \"\", line 7, in <module>\n",
      "    critical_points = solve(inequality, x)\n",
      "NameError: name 'inequality' is not defined\n",
      "\n",
      "Error: Traceback (most recent call last):\n",
      "  File \"\", line 12, in <module>\n",
      "    solution_intervals = solveset(inequality, x, domain=S.Reals)\n",
      "NameError: name 'inequality' is not defined\n",
      "\n",
      "Error: Traceback (most recent call last):\n",
      "  File \"\", line 16, in <module>\n",
      "    print(solution_intervals)\n",
      "NameError: name 'solution_intervals' is not defined\n",
      "\n",
      "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
      "\u001b[33massistant\u001b[0m (to mathproxyagent):\n",
      "\n",
      "I apologize for the misunderstanding. Let's correct the code by first expanding and printing out the left-hand side and the right-hand side of the inequality. Afterward, we will proceed to the next steps sequentially. Here is the corrected code for Step 1:\n",
      "\n",
      "```python\n",
      "from sympy import symbols, expand\n",
      "\n",
      "x = symbols('x')\n",
      "lhs = expand((2*x + 10) * (x + 3))\n",
      "rhs = expand((3*x + 9) * (x + 8))\n",
      "# Print the expanded left-hand side and right-hand side\n",
      "print(\"Expanded LHS:\", lhs)\n",
      "print(\"Expanded RHS:\", rhs)\n",
      "```\n",
      "\n",
      "Run this code to get the expanded forms. After we confirm the expanded results are correct, we will move on to Step 2.\n",
      "\n",
      "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
      "\u001b[33mmathproxyagent\u001b[0m (to assistant):\n",
      "\n",
      "Expanded LHS: 2*x**2 + 16*x + 30\n",
      "Expanded RHS: 3*x**2 + 33*x + 72\n",
      "\n",
      "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
      "\u001b[33massistant\u001b[0m (to mathproxyagent):\n",
      "\n",
      "The expanded forms of the left-hand side (LHS) and the right-hand side (RHS) of the inequality are correct:\n",
      "\n",
      "LHS: $2x^2 + 16x + 30$\n",
      "\n",
      "RHS: $3x^2 + 33x + 72$\n",
      "\n",
      "Now, let's proceed to Step 2, where we will calculate the expression resulting from subtracting the RHS from the LHS, and then move on to factoring that expression.\n",
      "\n",
      "```python\n",
      "from sympy import simplify\n",
      "\n",
      "# Compute the difference between RHS and LHS\n",
      "inequality_expression = simplify(lhs - rhs)\n",
      "\n",
      "# Print the simplified inequality expression\n",
      "print(\"Inequality expression (LHS - RHS):\", inequality_expression)\n",
      "```\n",
      "\n",
      "Run this code to obtain the simplified inequality expression. Once we have it, we can determine the next steps.\n",
      "\n",
      "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
      "\u001b[33mmathproxyagent\u001b[0m (to assistant):\n",
      "\n",
      "Inequality expression (LHS - RHS): -x**2 - 17*x - 42\n",
      "\n",
      "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
      "\u001b[33massistant\u001b[0m (to mathproxyagent):\n",
      "\n",
      "The simplified expression from subtracting the RHS from the LHS is correct:\n",
      "\n",
      "Inequality Expression: $-x^2 - 17x - 42$\n",
      "\n",
      "Next, we will factor this expression to determine the critical points where the expression equals zero.\n",
      "\n",
      "```python\n",
      "from sympy import factor\n",
      "\n",
      "# Factor the inequality expression\n",
      "factored_expression = factor(inequality_expression)\n",
      "\n",
      "# Print the factored inequality expression\n",
      "print(\"Factored Inequality Expression:\", factored_expression)\n",
      "```\n",
      "\n",
      "Please run this code to obtain the critical points, and we will continue from there.\n",
      "\n",
      "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
      "\u001b[33mmathproxyagent\u001b[0m (to assistant):\n",
      "\n",
      "Factored Inequality Expression: -(x + 3)*(x + 14)\n",
      "\n",
      "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
      "\u001b[33massistant\u001b[0m (to mathproxyagent):\n",
      "\n",
      "The factored form of the inequality expression is correct:\n",
      "\n",
      "Factored Inequality Expression: $-(x + 3)(x + 14)$\n",
      "\n",
      "The critical points are the values of $x$ for which this expression equals zero, which are $x = -3$ and $x = -14$.\n",
      "\n",
      "Now, we will determine the intervals formed by these critical points and analyze the sign of the inequality expression within each interval to find where the original inequality holds true.\n",
      "\n",
      "```python\n",
      "from sympy import solveset, S\n",
      "\n",
      "# Determine in which intervals the inequality holds true\n",
      "solution_intervals = solveset(inequality_expression < 0, x, domain=S.Reals)\n",
      "\n",
      "# Print the solution in interval notation\n",
      "print(\"Solution Intervals:\", solution_intervals)\n",
      "```\n",
      "\n",
      "Running this code will provide us with the intervals where the inequality is satisfied, expressed in interval notation. Please execute it to get the final answer.\n",
      "\n",
      "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
      "\u001b[33mmathproxyagent\u001b[0m (to assistant):\n",
      "\n",
      "Solution Intervals: Union(Interval.open(-oo, -14), Interval.open(-3, oo))\n",
      "\n",
      "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
      "\u001b[33massistant\u001b[0m (to mathproxyagent):\n",
      "\n",
      "The solution intervals where the original inequality $(2x+10)(x+3)<(3x+9)(x+8)$ holds true are:\n",
      "\n",
      "Solution Intervals: $(-\\infty, -14) \\cup (-3, \\infty)$\n",
      "\n",
      "So the complete solution to the problem in interval notation is:\n",
      "\n",
      "$$\\boxed{(-\\infty, -14) \\cup (-3, \\infty)}$$\n",
      "\n",
      "This indicates that the inequality is satisfied for all $x$ values less than $-14$ and for all $x$ values greater than $-3$.\n",
      "\n",
      "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "ChatResult(chat_id=None, chat_history=[{'content': \"Let's use Python to solve a math problem.\\n\\nQuery requirements:\\nYou should always use the 'print' function for the output and use fractions/radical forms instead of decimals.\\nYou can use packages like sympy to help you.\\nYou must follow the formats below to write your code:\\n```python\\n# your code\\n```\\n\\nFirst state the key idea to solve the problem. You may choose from three ways to solve the problem:\\nCase 1: If the problem can be solved with Python code directly, please write a program to solve it. You can enumerate all possible arrangements if needed.\\nCase 2: If the problem is mostly reasoning, you can solve it by yourself directly.\\nCase 3: If the problem cannot be handled in the above two ways, please follow this process:\\n1. Solve the problem step by step (do not over-divide the steps).\\n2. Take out any queries that can be asked through Python (for example, any calculations or equations that can be calculated).\\n3. Wait for me to give the results.\\n4. Continue if you think the result is correct. If the result is invalid or unexpected, please correct your query or reasoning.\\n\\nAfter all the queries are run and you get the answer, put the answer in \\\\boxed{}.\\n\\nProblem:\\nFind all $x$ that satisfy the inequality $(2x+10)(x+3)<(3x+9)(x+8)$. Express your answer in interval notation.\", 'role': 'assistant'}, {'content': \"Key idea: To solve the inequality $(2x+10)(x+3)<(3x+9)(x+8)$, we will expand both sides, simplify the resulting expression, and then solve for $x$. This process may involve factoring a quadratic expression and finding the critical points where the inequality may change signs. We will analyze the intervals between these points to determine where the inequality holds true.\\n\\nLet's solve the problem step by step:\\n\\nStep 1: Expand both sides of the inequality.\\n\\n```python\\nfrom sympy import symbols, expand\\n\\nx = symbols('x')\\nlhs = expand((2*x + 10) * (x + 3))\\nrhs = expand((3*x + 9) * (x + 8))\\n```\\n\\nStep 2: Subtract one side of the inequality from the other to move all terms to one side.\\n\\n```python\\ninequality = lhs - rhs\\n```\\n\\nStep 3: Factor the resulting expression to find the critical points (where the expression is equal to zero).\\n\\n```python\\nfrom sympy import solve\\n\\ncritical_points = solve(inequality, x)\\n```\\n\\nStep 4: Determine intervals based on the critical points and test the intervals to find where the inequality holds true.\\n\\n```python\\nfrom sympy import solveset, S\\n\\n# finding the intervals where the inequality holds true\\nsolution_intervals = solveset(inequality, x, domain=S.Reals)\\n```\\n\\nStep 5: Output the solution in interval notation.\\n\\n```python\\nprint(solution_intervals)\\n```\\n\\nThis will give us the solution in interval notation. Now, let's run this code step by step. Please run Step 1 to calculate the expanded forms of both sides of the inequality.\", 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'No output found. Make sure you print the results.\\nError: Traceback (most recent call last):\\n  File \"\", line 3, in <module>\\n    inequality = lhs - rhs\\nNameError: name \\'lhs\\' is not defined\\n\\nError: Traceback (most recent call last):\\n  File \"\", line 7, in <module>\\n    critical_points = solve(inequality, x)\\nNameError: name \\'inequality\\' is not defined\\n\\nError: Traceback (most recent call last):\\n  File \"\", line 12, in <module>\\n    solution_intervals = solveset(inequality, x, domain=S.Reals)\\nNameError: name \\'inequality\\' is not defined\\n\\nError: Traceback (most recent call last):\\n  File \"\", line 16, in <module>\\n    print(solution_intervals)\\nNameError: name \\'solution_intervals\\' is not defined', 'role': 'assistant'}, {'content': 'I apologize for the misunderstanding. Let\\'s correct the code by first expanding and printing out the left-hand side and the right-hand side of the inequality. Afterward, we will proceed to the next steps sequentially. Here is the corrected code for Step 1:\\n\\n```python\\nfrom sympy import symbols, expand\\n\\nx = symbols(\\'x\\')\\nlhs = expand((2*x + 10) * (x + 3))\\nrhs = expand((3*x + 9) * (x + 8))\\n# Print the expanded left-hand side and right-hand side\\nprint(\"Expanded LHS:\", lhs)\\nprint(\"Expanded RHS:\", rhs)\\n```\\n\\nRun this code to get the expanded forms. After we confirm the expanded results are correct, we will move on to Step 2.', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Expanded LHS: 2*x**2 + 16*x + 30\\nExpanded RHS: 3*x**2 + 33*x + 72', 'role': 'assistant'}, {'content': 'The expanded forms of the left-hand side (LHS) and the right-hand side (RHS) of the inequality are correct:\\n\\nLHS: $2x^2 + 16x + 30$\\n\\nRHS: $3x^2 + 33x + 72$\\n\\nNow, let\\'s proceed to Step 2, where we will calculate the expression resulting from subtracting the RHS from the LHS, and then move on to factoring that expression.\\n\\n```python\\nfrom sympy import simplify\\n\\n# Compute the difference between RHS and LHS\\ninequality_expression = simplify(lhs - rhs)\\n\\n# Print the simplified inequality expression\\nprint(\"Inequality expression (LHS - RHS):\", inequality_expression)\\n```\\n\\nRun this code to obtain the simplified inequality expression. Once we have it, we can determine the next steps.', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Inequality expression (LHS - RHS): -x**2 - 17*x - 42', 'role': 'assistant'}, {'content': 'The simplified expression from subtracting the RHS from the LHS is correct:\\n\\nInequality Expression: $-x^2 - 17x - 42$\\n\\nNext, we will factor this expression to determine the critical points where the expression equals zero.\\n\\n```python\\nfrom sympy import factor\\n\\n# Factor the inequality expression\\nfactored_expression = factor(inequality_expression)\\n\\n# Print the factored inequality expression\\nprint(\"Factored Inequality Expression:\", factored_expression)\\n```\\n\\nPlease run this code to obtain the critical points, and we will continue from there.', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Factored Inequality Expression: -(x + 3)*(x + 14)', 'role': 'assistant'}, {'content': 'The factored form of the inequality expression is correct:\\n\\nFactored Inequality Expression: $-(x + 3)(x + 14)$\\n\\nThe critical points are the values of $x$ for which this expression equals zero, which are $x = -3$ and $x = -14$.\\n\\nNow, we will determine the intervals formed by these critical points and analyze the sign of the inequality expression within each interval to find where the original inequality holds true.\\n\\n```python\\nfrom sympy import solveset, S\\n\\n# Determine in which intervals the inequality holds true\\nsolution_intervals = solveset(inequality_expression < 0, x, domain=S.Reals)\\n\\n# Print the solution in interval notation\\nprint(\"Solution Intervals:\", solution_intervals)\\n```\\n\\nRunning this code will provide us with the intervals where the inequality is satisfied, expressed in interval notation. Please execute it to get the final answer.', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Solution Intervals: Union(Interval.open(-oo, -14), Interval.open(-3, oo))', 'role': 'assistant'}, {'content': 'The solution intervals where the original inequality $(2x+10)(x+3)<(3x+9)(x+8)$ holds true are:\\n\\nSolution Intervals: $(-\\\\infty, -14) \\\\cup (-3, \\\\infty)$\\n\\nSo the complete solution to the problem in interval notation is:\\n\\n$$\\\\boxed{(-\\\\infty, -14) \\\\cup (-3, \\\\infty)}$$\\n\\nThis indicates that the inequality is satisfied for all $x$ values less than $-14$ and for all $x$ values greater than $-3$.', 'role': 'user'}], summary='The solution intervals where the original inequality $(2x+10)(x+3)<(3x+9)(x+8)$ holds true are:\\n\\nSolution Intervals: $(-\\\\infty, -14) \\\\cup (-3, \\\\infty)$\\n\\nSo the complete solution to the problem in interval notation is:\\n\\n$$\\\\boxed{(-\\\\infty, -14) \\\\cup (-3, \\\\infty)}$$\\n\\nThis indicates that the inequality is satisfied for all $x$ values less than $-14$ and for all $x$ values greater than $-3$.', cost=({'total_cost': 0.26039999999999996, 'gpt-4': {'cost': 0.26039999999999996, 'prompt_tokens': 6476, 'completion_tokens': 1102, 'total_tokens': 7578}}, {'total_cost': 0}), human_input=[])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# given a math problem, we use the mathproxyagent to generate a prompt to be sent to the assistant as the initial message.\n",
    "# the assistant receives the message and generates a response. The response will be sent back to the mathproxyagent for processing.\n",
    "# The conversation continues until the termination condition is met, in MathChat, the termination condition is the detect of \"\\boxed{}\" in the response.\n",
    "math_problem = (\n",
    "    \"Find all $x$ that satisfy the inequality $(2x+10)(x+3)<(3x+9)(x+8)$. Express your answer in interval notation.\"\n",
    ")\n",
    "\n",
    "# We call `initiate_chat` to start the conversation.\n",
    "# When setting `message=mathproxyagent.message_generator`, you need to pass in the problem through the `problem` parameter.\n",
    "mathproxyagent.initiate_chat(assistant, message=mathproxyagent.message_generator, problem=math_problem)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "attachments": {},
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Example 2\n",
    "Problem: For what negative value of $k$ is there exactly one solution to the system of equations \\begin{align*}\n",
    "y &= 2x^2 + kx + 6 \\\\\n",
    "y &= -x + 4?\n",
    "\\end{align*}\n",
    "\n",
    "Correct Solution: Setting the two expressions for $y$ equal to each other, it follows that $2x^2 + kx + 6 = -x + 4$. Re-arranging, $2x^2 + (k+1)x + 2 = 0$. For there to be exactly one solution for $x$, then the discriminant of the given quadratic must be equal to zero. Thus, $(k+1)^2 - 4 \\cdot 2 \\cdot 2 = (k+1)^2 - 16 = 0$, so $k+1 = \\pm 4$. Taking the negative value, $k = \\boxed{-5}$."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "\u001b[33mmathproxyagent\u001b[0m (to assistant):\n",
      "\n",
      "Let's use Python to solve a math problem.\n",
      "\n",
      "Query requirements:\n",
      "You should always use the 'print' function for the output and use fractions/radical forms instead of decimals.\n",
      "You can use packages like sympy to help you.\n",
      "You must follow the formats below to write your code:\n",
      "```python\n",
      "# your code\n",
      "```\n",
      "\n",
      "First state the key idea to solve the problem. You may choose from three ways to solve the problem:\n",
      "Case 1: If the problem can be solved with Python code directly, please write a program to solve it. You can enumerate all possible arrangements if needed.\n",
      "Case 2: If the problem is mostly reasoning, you can solve it by yourself directly.\n",
      "Case 3: If the problem cannot be handled in the above two ways, please follow this process:\n",
      "1. Solve the problem step by step (do not over-divide the steps).\n",
      "2. Take out any queries that can be asked through Python (for example, any calculations or equations that can be calculated).\n",
      "3. Wait for me to give the results.\n",
      "4. Continue if you think the result is correct. If the result is invalid or unexpected, please correct your query or reasoning.\n",
      "\n",
      "After all the queries are run and you get the answer, put the answer in \\boxed{}.\n",
      "\n",
      "Problem:\n",
      "For what negative value of $k$ is there exactly one solution to the system of equations \\begin{align*}\n",
      "y &= 2x^2 + kx + 6 \\\\\n",
      "y &= -x + 4?\n",
      "\\end{align*}\n",
      "\n",
      "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
      "\u001b[33massistant\u001b[0m (to mathproxyagent):\n",
      "\n",
      "The key idea to solve this problem is to set the two equations equal to each other and find the value of $k$ such that the resulting quadratic equation has exactly one solution. A quadratic equation has exactly one solution if and only if its discriminant is zero.\n",
      "\n",
      "The system of equations is:\n",
      "\\begin{align*}\n",
      "y &= 2x^2 + kx + 6 \\quad (1) \\\\\n",
      "y &= -x + 4 \\quad (2)\n",
      "\\end{align*}\n",
      "\n",
      "Setting these two equations equal to each other gives us:\n",
      "$$ 2x^2 + kx + 6 = -x + 4. $$\n",
      "\n",
      "Now, we simplify the equation and equate it to zero to form a quadratic equation in the standard form $ax^2 + bx + c = 0$:\n",
      "$$ 2x^2 + (k + 1)x + (6 - 4) = 0. $$\n",
      "\n",
      "The discriminant of a quadratic equation $ax^2 + bx + c = 0$ is given by $\\Delta = b^2 - 4ac$. For there to be exactly one solution, we need $\\Delta = 0$. We will determine the value of $k$ that makes the discriminant zero.\n",
      "\n",
      "Let's calculate the discriminant with the values we have:\n",
      "\\begin{align*}\n",
      "a &= 2, \\\\\n",
      "b &= k + 1, \\\\\n",
      "c &= 2.\n",
      "\\end{align*}\n",
      "\n",
      "The discriminant is then:\n",
      "$$ \\Delta = (k + 1)^2 - 4(2)(2). $$\n",
      "\n",
      "We set the discriminant equal to zero and solve for $k$:\n",
      "$$ (k + 1)^2 - 16 = 0. $$\n",
      "\n",
      "I will now write a Python code using sympy to solve for $k$:\n",
      "\n",
      "```python\n",
      "from sympy import symbols, Eq, solve\n",
      "\n",
      "# Define the symbol k\n",
      "k = symbols('k')\n",
      "\n",
      "# Define the discriminant\n",
      "discriminant = (k + 1)**2 - 4*2*2\n",
      "\n",
      "# Equation for the discriminant to be zero\n",
      "eq = Eq(discriminant, 0)\n",
      "\n",
      "# Solve for k\n",
      "k_value = solve(eq, k)\n",
      "print(\"The value of k for which there is exactly one solution to the system of equations is:\", k_value)\n",
      "```\n",
      "\n",
      "Running this code will give us the negative value of $k$ for which there is exactly one solution to the system of equations.\n",
      "\n",
      "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
      "\u001b[33mmathproxyagent\u001b[0m (to assistant):\n",
      "\n",
      "The value of k for which there is exactly one solution to the system of equations is: [-5, 3]\n",
      "\n",
      "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
      "\u001b[33massistant\u001b[0m (to mathproxyagent):\n",
      "\n",
      "Given that we are interested in the negative value of \\(k\\) which results in exactly one solution to the system of equations, from the two values you've reported \\([-5, 3]\\), the negative value is \\(-5\\).\n",
      "\n",
      "Thus, the correct value of \\(k\\) is \\(-5\\).\n",
      "\n",
      "We can insert this result into a boxed format:\n",
      "\n",
      "\\[\n",
      "\\boxed{k = -5}\n",
      "\\]\n",
      "\n",
      "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "ChatResult(chat_id=None, chat_history=[{'content': \"Let's use Python to solve a math problem.\\n\\nQuery requirements:\\nYou should always use the 'print' function for the output and use fractions/radical forms instead of decimals.\\nYou can use packages like sympy to help you.\\nYou must follow the formats below to write your code:\\n```python\\n# your code\\n```\\n\\nFirst state the key idea to solve the problem. You may choose from three ways to solve the problem:\\nCase 1: If the problem can be solved with Python code directly, please write a program to solve it. You can enumerate all possible arrangements if needed.\\nCase 2: If the problem is mostly reasoning, you can solve it by yourself directly.\\nCase 3: If the problem cannot be handled in the above two ways, please follow this process:\\n1. Solve the problem step by step (do not over-divide the steps).\\n2. Take out any queries that can be asked through Python (for example, any calculations or equations that can be calculated).\\n3. Wait for me to give the results.\\n4. Continue if you think the result is correct. If the result is invalid or unexpected, please correct your query or reasoning.\\n\\nAfter all the queries are run and you get the answer, put the answer in \\\\boxed{}.\\n\\nProblem:\\nFor what negative value of $k$ is there exactly one solution to the system of equations \\\\begin{align*}\\ny &= 2x^2 + kx + 6 \\\\\\\\\\ny &= -x + 4?\\n\\\\end{align*}\", 'role': 'assistant'}, {'content': 'The key idea to solve this problem is to set the two equations equal to each other and find the value of $k$ such that the resulting quadratic equation has exactly one solution. A quadratic equation has exactly one solution if and only if its discriminant is zero.\\n\\nThe system of equations is:\\n\\\\begin{align*}\\ny &= 2x^2 + kx + 6 \\\\quad (1) \\\\\\\\\\ny &= -x + 4 \\\\quad (2)\\n\\\\end{align*}\\n\\nSetting these two equations equal to each other gives us:\\n$$ 2x^2 + kx + 6 = -x + 4. $$\\n\\nNow, we simplify the equation and equate it to zero to form a quadratic equation in the standard form $ax^2 + bx + c = 0$:\\n$$ 2x^2 + (k + 1)x + (6 - 4) = 0. $$\\n\\nThe discriminant of a quadratic equation $ax^2 + bx + c = 0$ is given by $\\\\Delta = b^2 - 4ac$. For there to be exactly one solution, we need $\\\\Delta = 0$. We will determine the value of $k$ that makes the discriminant zero.\\n\\nLet\\'s calculate the discriminant with the values we have:\\n\\\\begin{align*}\\na &= 2, \\\\\\\\\\nb &= k + 1, \\\\\\\\\\nc &= 2.\\n\\\\end{align*}\\n\\nThe discriminant is then:\\n$$ \\\\Delta = (k + 1)^2 - 4(2)(2). $$\\n\\nWe set the discriminant equal to zero and solve for $k$:\\n$$ (k + 1)^2 - 16 = 0. $$\\n\\nI will now write a Python code using sympy to solve for $k$:\\n\\n```python\\nfrom sympy import symbols, Eq, solve\\n\\n# Define the symbol k\\nk = symbols(\\'k\\')\\n\\n# Define the discriminant\\ndiscriminant = (k + 1)**2 - 4*2*2\\n\\n# Equation for the discriminant to be zero\\neq = Eq(discriminant, 0)\\n\\n# Solve for k\\nk_value = solve(eq, k)\\nprint(\"The value of k for which there is exactly one solution to the system of equations is:\", k_value)\\n```\\n\\nRunning this code will give us the negative value of $k$ for which there is exactly one solution to the system of equations.', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'The value of k for which there is exactly one solution to the system of equations is: [-5, 3]', 'role': 'assistant'}, {'content': \"Given that we are interested in the negative value of \\\\(k\\\\) which results in exactly one solution to the system of equations, from the two values you've reported \\\\([-5, 3]\\\\), the negative value is \\\\(-5\\\\).\\n\\nThus, the correct value of \\\\(k\\\\) is \\\\(-5\\\\).\\n\\nWe can insert this result into a boxed format:\\n\\n\\\\[\\n\\\\boxed{k = -5}\\n\\\\]\", 'role': 'user'}], summary=\"Given that we are interested in the negative value of \\\\(k\\\\) which results in exactly one solution to the system of equations, from the two values you've reported \\\\([-5, 3]\\\\), the negative value is \\\\(-5\\\\).\\n\\nThus, the correct value of \\\\(k\\\\) is \\\\(-5\\\\).\\n\\nWe can insert this result into a boxed format:\\n\\n\\\\[\\n\\\\boxed{k = -5}\\n\\\\]\", cost=({'total_cost': 0.33227999999999996, 'gpt-4': {'cost': 0.33227999999999996, 'prompt_tokens': 7678, 'completion_tokens': 1699, 'total_tokens': 9377}}, {'total_cost': 0.33227999999999996, 'gpt-4': {'cost': 0.33227999999999996, 'prompt_tokens': 7678, 'completion_tokens': 1699, 'total_tokens': 9377}}), human_input=[])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 4,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "math_problem = \"For what negative value of $k$ is there exactly one solution to the system of equations \\\\begin{align*}\\ny &= 2x^2 + kx + 6 \\\\\\\\\\ny &= -x + 4?\\n\\\\end{align*}\"\n",
    "mathproxyagent.initiate_chat(assistant, message=mathproxyagent.message_generator, problem=math_problem)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "attachments": {},
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Example 3\n",
    "Problem: Find all positive integer values of $c$ such that the equation $x^2-7x+c=0$ only has roots that are real and rational. Express them in decreasing order, separated by commas.\n",
    "\n",
    "Correct Solution: For the roots to be real and rational, the discriminant must be a perfect square. Therefore, $(-7)^2-4 \\cdot 1 \\cdot c = 49-4c$ must be a perfect square. The only positive perfect squares less than 49 are $1$, $4$, $9$, $16$, $25$, and $36$. The perfect squares that give a integer value of $c$ are $1$, $9$, and $25$. Thus, we have the equations $49-4c=1$, $49-4c=9$, and $49-4c=25$. Solving, we get that the positive integer values of c are $\\boxed{12, 10, 6}$."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "\u001b[33mmathproxyagent\u001b[0m (to assistant):\n",
      "\n",
      "Let's use Python to solve a math problem.\n",
      "\n",
      "Query requirements:\n",
      "You should always use the 'print' function for the output and use fractions/radical forms instead of decimals.\n",
      "You can use packages like sympy to help you.\n",
      "You must follow the formats below to write your code:\n",
      "```python\n",
      "# your code\n",
      "```\n",
      "\n",
      "First state the key idea to solve the problem. You may choose from three ways to solve the problem:\n",
      "Case 1: If the problem can be solved with Python code directly, please write a program to solve it. You can enumerate all possible arrangements if needed.\n",
      "Case 2: If the problem is mostly reasoning, you can solve it by yourself directly.\n",
      "Case 3: If the problem cannot be handled in the above two ways, please follow this process:\n",
      "1. Solve the problem step by step (do not over-divide the steps).\n",
      "2. Take out any queries that can be asked through Python (for example, any calculations or equations that can be calculated).\n",
      "3. Wait for me to give the results.\n",
      "4. Continue if you think the result is correct. If the result is invalid or unexpected, please correct your query or reasoning.\n",
      "\n",
      "After all the queries are run and you get the answer, put the answer in \\boxed{}.\n",
      "\n",
      "Problem:\n",
      "Find all positive integer values of $c$ such that the equation $x^2-7x+c=0$ only has roots that are real and rational. Express them in decreasing order, separated by commas.\n",
      "\n",
      "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
      "\u001b[33massistant\u001b[0m (to mathproxyagent):\n",
      "\n",
      "To solve this problem, we want to find all positive integer values of $c$ for which the equation $x^2-7x+c=0$ has real and rational roots. For this, we need to use the discriminant of a quadratic equation, which is given by the formula $\\Delta = b^2 - 4ac$. For the equation to have real and rational roots, the discriminant must be a perfect square.\n",
      "\n",
      "In the given equation, $a=1, b=-7$, and $c$ is the constant we're looking for. \n",
      "\n",
      "The steps to solve this problem are as follows:\n",
      "\n",
      "1. Write the discriminant condition for the equation to have real and rational roots.\n",
      "2. Find the range of possible $c$ values by considering the constraints.\n",
      "3. Enumerate through possible $c$ values to find the ones where the discriminant is a perfect square.\n",
      "4. Return the values of $c$ in decreasing order, separated by commas.\n",
      "\n",
      "Let's start with step one and use Python to find all $c$ values that satisfy the condition for $\\Delta$ being a perfect square:\n",
      "\n",
      "```python\n",
      "from sympy import symbols, solve\n",
      "\n",
      "# Define the variable\n",
      "c = symbols('c', integer=True)\n",
      "\n",
      "# The discriminant of the quadratic equation\n",
      "discriminant = (-7)**2 - 4*1*c\n",
      "\n",
      "# List to hold all possible c values with rational roots\n",
      "c_values = []\n",
      "\n",
      "# Finding the range for c:\n",
      "# Since c is positive and we want the discriminant to be non-negative (to have real roots),\n",
      "# the smallest possible square for the discriminant is 0, which gives us the upper bound for c.\n",
      "upper_bound = solve(discriminant, c)[0]\n",
      "\n",
      "# Check all integer values up to the upper bound\n",
      "for i in range(1, upper_bound + 1):\n",
      "    # If the discriminant is a perfect square, then the roots will be rational.\n",
      "    if ((-7)**2 - 4*1*i).is_square:\n",
      "        c_values.append(i)\n",
      "\n",
      "# Output the result in decreasing order\n",
      "c_values.sort(reverse=True)\n",
      "print(', '.join(map(str, c_values)))\n",
      "```\n",
      "\n",
      "This code will output all positive integer values of $c$ for which the roots of the equation are real and rational, sorted in decreasing order.\n",
      "\n",
      "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
      "\u001b[33mmathproxyagent\u001b[0m (to assistant):\n",
      "\n",
      "Error: Traceback (most recent call last):\n",
      "  File \"\", line 1103, in <module>\n",
      "    upper_bound = solve(discriminant, c)[0]\n",
      "IndexError: list index out of range\n",
      "\n",
      "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
      "\u001b[33massistant\u001b[0m (to mathproxyagent):\n",
      "\n",
      "I apologize for the confusion in the earlier Python code. Let me correct the code by directly computing the upper bound for $c$. Since we are looking for positive integer values of $c$, we can infer that for $c > (\\frac{7}{2})^2$, the discriminant will start to become negative, thus no longer yielding real roots. Therefore, the upper bound for $c$ will be $\\left\\lfloor(\\frac{7}{2})^2\\right\\rfloor = 12$. Let's modify the code to reflect this new approach.\n",
      "\n",
      "Firstly, it's important to note that the discriminant, $\\Delta = b^2 - 4ac$, must be a non-negative perfect square for the equation $ax^2 + bx + c = 0$ to have real and rational roots. In our case, $a = 1$ and $b = -7$, so we have $\\Delta = (-7)^2 - 4c = 49 - 4c$.\n",
      "\n",
      "We also know that a perfect square is always non-negative, so $49 - 4c \\geq 0$. From this inequality, we can find the upper bound for the value of $c$. Now, let's implement this as Python code:\n",
      "\n",
      "```python\n",
      "# Define the variable and the list to store valid c values\n",
      "upper_bound = (7**2) // 4  # This is the floor division of 49 by 4, which yields 12\n",
      "c_values = []\n",
      "\n",
      "# Iterate over the possible c values and check if the discriminant is a perfect square\n",
      "for i in range(1, upper_bound + 1):\n",
      "    discriminant = 49 - 4 * i\n",
      "    # Check if the discriminant is a non-negative perfect square\n",
      "    if discriminant >= 0 and (int(discriminant**0.5))**2 == discriminant:\n",
      "        c_values.append(i)\n",
      "\n",
      "# Output the result in decreasing order\n",
      "c_values.sort(reverse=True)\n",
      "print(', '.join(map(str, c_values)))\n",
      "```\n",
      "\n",
      "This corrected code will enumerate through all possible $c$ values starting from 1 up to the calculated upper bound, checking whether the discriminant is a perfect square for each value of $c$. It will output the valid $c$ values in decreasing order, as the problem requests.\n",
      "\n",
      "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
      "\u001b[33mmathproxyagent\u001b[0m (to assistant):\n",
      "\n",
      "12, 10, 6\n",
      "\n",
      "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
      "\u001b[33massistant\u001b[0m (to mathproxyagent):\n",
      "\n",
      "The correct values for $c$ in decreasing order are indeed $12, 10, 6$. This is because these values of $c$ result in discriminants of $49 - 4c$ that are perfect squares, specifically $1$, $9$, and $25$ respectively, which correspond to the real, rational roots of the quadratic equation given by $x^2 - 7x + c = 0$.\n",
      "\n",
      "So, we can express the final answer as:\n",
      "\n",
      "\\[\n",
      "\\boxed{12, 10, 6}\n",
      "\\]\n",
      "\n",
      "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "ChatResult(chat_id=None, chat_history=[{'content': \"Let's use Python to solve a math problem.\\n\\nQuery requirements:\\nYou should always use the 'print' function for the output and use fractions/radical forms instead of decimals.\\nYou can use packages like sympy to help you.\\nYou must follow the formats below to write your code:\\n```python\\n# your code\\n```\\n\\nFirst state the key idea to solve the problem. You may choose from three ways to solve the problem:\\nCase 1: If the problem can be solved with Python code directly, please write a program to solve it. You can enumerate all possible arrangements if needed.\\nCase 2: If the problem is mostly reasoning, you can solve it by yourself directly.\\nCase 3: If the problem cannot be handled in the above two ways, please follow this process:\\n1. Solve the problem step by step (do not over-divide the steps).\\n2. Take out any queries that can be asked through Python (for example, any calculations or equations that can be calculated).\\n3. Wait for me to give the results.\\n4. Continue if you think the result is correct. If the result is invalid or unexpected, please correct your query or reasoning.\\n\\nAfter all the queries are run and you get the answer, put the answer in \\\\boxed{}.\\n\\nProblem:\\nFind all positive integer values of $c$ such that the equation $x^2-7x+c=0$ only has roots that are real and rational. Express them in decreasing order, separated by commas.\", 'role': 'assistant'}, {'content': \"To solve this problem, we want to find all positive integer values of $c$ for which the equation $x^2-7x+c=0$ has real and rational roots. For this, we need to use the discriminant of a quadratic equation, which is given by the formula $\\\\Delta = b^2 - 4ac$. For the equation to have real and rational roots, the discriminant must be a perfect square.\\n\\nIn the given equation, $a=1, b=-7$, and $c$ is the constant we're looking for. \\n\\nThe steps to solve this problem are as follows:\\n\\n1. Write the discriminant condition for the equation to have real and rational roots.\\n2. Find the range of possible $c$ values by considering the constraints.\\n3. Enumerate through possible $c$ values to find the ones where the discriminant is a perfect square.\\n4. Return the values of $c$ in decreasing order, separated by commas.\\n\\nLet's start with step one and use Python to find all $c$ values that satisfy the condition for $\\\\Delta$ being a perfect square:\\n\\n```python\\nfrom sympy import symbols, solve\\n\\n# Define the variable\\nc = symbols('c', integer=True)\\n\\n# The discriminant of the quadratic equation\\ndiscriminant = (-7)**2 - 4*1*c\\n\\n# List to hold all possible c values with rational roots\\nc_values = []\\n\\n# Finding the range for c:\\n# Since c is positive and we want the discriminant to be non-negative (to have real roots),\\n# the smallest possible square for the discriminant is 0, which gives us the upper bound for c.\\nupper_bound = solve(discriminant, c)[0]\\n\\n# Check all integer values up to the upper bound\\nfor i in range(1, upper_bound + 1):\\n    # If the discriminant is a perfect square, then the roots will be rational.\\n    if ((-7)**2 - 4*1*i).is_square:\\n        c_values.append(i)\\n\\n# Output the result in decreasing order\\nc_values.sort(reverse=True)\\nprint(', '.join(map(str, c_values)))\\n```\\n\\nThis code will output all positive integer values of $c$ for which the roots of the equation are real and rational, sorted in decreasing order.\", 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Error: Traceback (most recent call last):\\n  File \"\", line 1103, in <module>\\n    upper_bound = solve(discriminant, c)[0]\\nIndexError: list index out of range', 'role': 'assistant'}, {'content': \"I apologize for the confusion in the earlier Python code. Let me correct the code by directly computing the upper bound for $c$. Since we are looking for positive integer values of $c$, we can infer that for $c > (\\\\frac{7}{2})^2$, the discriminant will start to become negative, thus no longer yielding real roots. Therefore, the upper bound for $c$ will be $\\\\left\\\\lfloor(\\\\frac{7}{2})^2\\\\right\\\\rfloor = 12$. Let's modify the code to reflect this new approach.\\n\\nFirstly, it's important to note that the discriminant, $\\\\Delta = b^2 - 4ac$, must be a non-negative perfect square for the equation $ax^2 + bx + c = 0$ to have real and rational roots. In our case, $a = 1$ and $b = -7$, so we have $\\\\Delta = (-7)^2 - 4c = 49 - 4c$.\\n\\nWe also know that a perfect square is always non-negative, so $49 - 4c \\\\geq 0$. From this inequality, we can find the upper bound for the value of $c$. Now, let's implement this as Python code:\\n\\n```python\\n# Define the variable and the list to store valid c values\\nupper_bound = (7**2) // 4  # This is the floor division of 49 by 4, which yields 12\\nc_values = []\\n\\n# Iterate over the possible c values and check if the discriminant is a perfect square\\nfor i in range(1, upper_bound + 1):\\n    discriminant = 49 - 4 * i\\n    # Check if the discriminant is a non-negative perfect square\\n    if discriminant >= 0 and (int(discriminant**0.5))**2 == discriminant:\\n        c_values.append(i)\\n\\n# Output the result in decreasing order\\nc_values.sort(reverse=True)\\nprint(', '.join(map(str, c_values)))\\n```\\n\\nThis corrected code will enumerate through all possible $c$ values starting from 1 up to the calculated upper bound, checking whether the discriminant is a perfect square for each value of $c$. It will output the valid $c$ values in decreasing order, as the problem requests.\", 'role': 'user'}, {'content': '12, 10, 6', 'role': 'assistant'}, {'content': 'The correct values for $c$ in decreasing order are indeed $12, 10, 6$. This is because these values of $c$ result in discriminants of $49 - 4c$ that are perfect squares, specifically $1$, $9$, and $25$ respectively, which correspond to the real, rational roots of the quadratic equation given by $x^2 - 7x + c = 0$.\\n\\nSo, we can express the final answer as:\\n\\n\\\\[\\n\\\\boxed{12, 10, 6}\\n\\\\]', 'role': 'user'}], summary='The correct values for $c$ in decreasing order are indeed $12, 10, 6$. This is because these values of $c$ result in discriminants of $49 - 4c$ that are perfect squares, specifically $1$, $9$, and $25$ respectively, which correspond to the real, rational roots of the quadratic equation given by $x^2 - 7x + c = 0$.\\n\\nSo, we can express the final answer as:\\n\\n\\\\[\\n\\\\boxed{12, 10, 6}\\n\\\\]', cost=({'total_cost': 0.47181, 'gpt-4': {'cost': 0.47181, 'prompt_tokens': 10187, 'completion_tokens': 2770, 'total_tokens': 12957}}, {'total_cost': 0.47181, 'gpt-4': {'cost': 0.47181, 'prompt_tokens': 10187, 'completion_tokens': 2770, 'total_tokens': 12957}}), human_input=[])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 5,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "math_problem = \"Find all positive integer values of $c$ such that the equation $x^2-7x+c=0$ only has roots that are real and rational. Express them in decreasing order, separated by commas.\"\n",
    "mathproxyagent.initiate_chat(assistant, message=mathproxyagent.message_generator, problem=math_problem)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "attachments": {},
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "------------------------------------\n",
    "### Using other prompts\n",
    "\n",
    "MathChat allows different prompts that instruct the assistant to solve the problem.\n",
    "\n",
    "Check out `MathUserProxyAgent.message_generator`:\n",
    "<!-- TODO: Revise this doc accordingly -->\n",
    "- You may choose from `['default', 'python', 'two_tools']` for parameter `prompt_type`.  We include two more prompts in the paper: \n",
    "    1. `'python'` is a simplified prompt from the default prompt that uses Python only. \n",
    "    2. `'two_tools'` further allows the selection of Python or Wolfram Alpha based on this simplified `python` prompt. Note that this option requires a Wolfram Alpha API key and put it in `wolfram.txt`.\n",
    "\n",
    "- You can also input your customized prompt if needed.\n",
    "Since this mathproxyagent detects '\\boxed{}' as termination, you need to have a similar termination sentence in the prompt: \"If you get the answer, put the answer in \\\\boxed{}.\". If the customized is provided, the `prompt_type` will be ignored.\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "### Example 4 (Use the \"python\" prompt):\n",
    "\n",
    "Problem: If $725x + 727y = 1500$ and $729x+ 731y = 1508$, what is the value of $x - y$ ?\n",
    "\n",
    "Correct Solution: Subtracting the two equations gives: \n",
    "\\begin{align*}\n",
    "(729x+731y)-(725x+727y) &= 1508-1500\\\\\n",
    "\\Rightarrow\\qquad 4x+4y &= 8\\\\\n",
    "\\Rightarrow\\qquad x+y &= 2.\n",
    "\\end{align*}\n",
    "\n",
    "Multiplying this equation by 725 and subtracting this equation from $725x+727y=1500$ gives \\begin{align*}\n",
    "(725x+727y) - 725(x+y) &= 1500-725(x+y) \\implies \\\\\n",
    "2y &= 50.\n",
    "\\end{align*}So we can write $x-y$ as $(x+y) - 2y$, which equals  $2 - 50 = \\boxed{-48}$.\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "\u001b[33mmathproxyagent\u001b[0m (to assistant):\n",
      "\n",
      "Let's use Python to solve a math problem.\n",
      "\n",
      "Query requirements:\n",
      "You should always use the 'print' function for the output and use fractions/radical forms instead of decimals.\n",
      "You can use packages like sympy to help you.\n",
      "You must follow the formats below to write your code:\n",
      "```python\n",
      "# your code\n",
      "```\n",
      "\n",
      "Please follow this process:\n",
      "1. Solve the problem step by step (do not over-divide the steps).\n",
      "2. Take out any queries that can be asked through Python (for example, any calculations or equations that can be calculated).\n",
      "3. Wait for me to give the results.\n",
      "4. Continue if you think the result is correct. If the result is invalid or unexpected, please correct your query or reasoning.\n",
      "\n",
      "After all the queries are run and you get the answer, put the answer in \\boxed{}.\n",
      "\n",
      "Problem: Problem: If $725x + 727y = 1500$ and $729x+ 731y = 1508$, what is the value of $x - y$ ?\n",
      "\n",
      "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
      "\u001b[33massistant\u001b[0m (to mathproxyagent):\n",
      "\n",
      "To start solving the system of linear equations, we'll begin by eliminating one of the variables. We can do this by multiplying both equations by certain coefficients so that the coefficients of one of the variables are the same in both equations. Then, we can subtract the equations to eliminate that variable.\n",
      "\n",
      "First, let's multiply the first equation by $731$ and the second equation by $727$, so that the $y$ terms will have the same coefficient and can be subtracted out.\n",
      "\n",
      "Here are the modified equations:\n",
      "\n",
      "1) $725x \\cdot 731 + 727y \\cdot 731 = 1500 \\cdot 731$\n",
      "\n",
      "2) $729x \\cdot 727 + 731y \\cdot 727 = 1508 \\cdot 727$\n",
      "\n",
      "We'll subtract equation 2 from equation 1 after this modification.\n",
      "\n",
      "Let's compute the new coefficients and constants:\n",
      "\n",
      "For the first equation:\n",
      "- New coefficient of $x$: $725 \\cdot 731$\n",
      "- New coefficient of $y$: $727 \\cdot 731$\n",
      "- New constant term: $1500 \\cdot 731$\n",
      "\n",
      "For the second equation:\n",
      "- New coefficient of $x$: $729 \\cdot 727$\n",
      "- New coefficient of $y$: $731 \\cdot 727$\n",
      "- New constant term: $1508 \\cdot 727$\n",
      "\n",
      "Now, we can subtract the second equation from the first one.\n",
      "\n",
      "The Python code will be:\n",
      "\n",
      "```python\n",
      "from sympy import symbols, Eq, solve\n",
      "\n",
      "# Define the symbolic variables\n",
      "x, y = symbols('x y')\n",
      "\n",
      "# Calculate the new coefficients and constant terms\n",
      "coeff_x1 = 725 * 731\n",
      "coeff_y1 = 727 * 731\n",
      "const1 = 1500 * 731\n",
      "\n",
      "coeff_x2 = 729 * 727\n",
      "coeff_y2 = 731 * 727\n",
      "const2 = 1508 * 727\n",
      "\n",
      "# Create the modified equations\n",
      "eq1_mod = Eq(coeff_x1*x + coeff_y1*y, const1)\n",
      "eq2_mod = Eq(coeff_x2*x + coeff_y2*y, const2)\n",
      "\n",
      "# Subtract the second equation from the first\n",
      "eq_subtraction = Eq(eq1_mod.lhs - eq2_mod.lhs, eq1_mod.rhs - eq2_mod.rhs)\n",
      "\n",
      "print(eq_subtraction)\n",
      "```\n",
      "\n",
      "Please run this code to get the modified equation after subtraction.\n",
      "\n",
      "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
      "\u001b[33mmathproxyagent\u001b[0m (to assistant):\n",
      "\n",
      "Eq(-8*x, 184)\n",
      "\n",
      "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
      "\u001b[33massistant\u001b[0m (to mathproxyagent):\n",
      "\n",
      "Great, now we have the simplified equation:\n",
      "\n",
      "$$-8x = 184$$\n",
      "\n",
      "To solve for $x$, we will divide both sides of the equation by $-8$. Let’s do that calculation now.\n",
      "\n",
      "$$ x = \\frac{184}{-8} $$\n",
      "\n",
      "Let's go ahead and perform this division.\n",
      "\n",
      "```python\n",
      "# Calculate the value of x\n",
      "x_value = 184 / -8\n",
      "\n",
      "print(x_value)\n",
      "```\n",
      "\n",
      "Please run this code to find the value of $x$.\n",
      "\n",
      "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
      "\u001b[33mmathproxyagent\u001b[0m (to assistant):\n",
      "\n",
      "-23.0\n",
      "\n",
      "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
      "\u001b[33massistant\u001b[0m (to mathproxyagent):\n",
      "\n",
      "We've established that $x = -23$.\n",
      "\n",
      "Next, we can substitute the value of $x$ into either of the original equations to solve for $y$. Let's substitute $x$ into the first equation:\n",
      "\n",
      "$$\n",
      "725x + 727y = 1500\n",
      "$$\n",
      "\n",
      "Substituting $x = -23$ gives us:\n",
      "\n",
      "$$\n",
      "725(-23) + 727y = 1500\n",
      "$$\n",
      "\n",
      "Now we'll solve for $y$ using this equation. The Python code for this step is:\n",
      "\n",
      "```python\n",
      "# Substitute x into the first original equation to solve for y\n",
      "x_value = -23\n",
      "\n",
      "# Define the equation\n",
      "eq_for_y = Eq(725 * x_value + 727 * y, 1500)\n",
      "\n",
      "# Solve for y\n",
      "y_value = solve(eq_for_y, y)\n",
      "\n",
      "print(y_value)\n",
      "```\n",
      "\n",
      "Please execute this code to calculate the value of $y$.\n",
      "\n",
      "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
      "\u001b[33mmathproxyagent\u001b[0m (to assistant):\n",
      "\n",
      "[25]\n",
      "\n",
      "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
      "\u001b[33massistant\u001b[0m (to mathproxyagent):\n",
      "\n",
      "We've found that $y = 25$. Now that we have both $x = -23$ and $y = 25$, we can compute $x - y$:\n",
      "\n",
      "$$ x - y = -23 - 25 $$\n",
      "\n",
      "Let's perform this calculation:\n",
      "\n",
      "```python\n",
      "# Calculate x - y\n",
      "result = x_value - 25\n",
      "\n",
      "print(result)\n",
      "```\n",
      "\n",
      "Please run the above code to find the value of $x - y$.\n",
      "\n",
      "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
      "\u001b[33mmathproxyagent\u001b[0m (to assistant):\n",
      "\n",
      "-48\n",
      "\n",
      "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
      "\u001b[33massistant\u001b[0m (to mathproxyagent):\n",
      "\n",
      "With the results obtained, we have:\n",
      "\n",
      "$$ x - y = -48 $$\n",
      "\n",
      "Therefore, the value of $x - y$ is $-48$.\n",
      "\n",
      "We can put this answer inside a box using LaTeX notation:\n",
      "\n",
      "$$ \\boxed{x - y = -48} $$\n",
      "\n",
      "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "ChatResult(chat_id=None, chat_history=[{'content': \"Let's use Python to solve a math problem.\\n\\nQuery requirements:\\nYou should always use the 'print' function for the output and use fractions/radical forms instead of decimals.\\nYou can use packages like sympy to help you.\\nYou must follow the formats below to write your code:\\n```python\\n# your code\\n```\\n\\nPlease follow this process:\\n1. Solve the problem step by step (do not over-divide the steps).\\n2. Take out any queries that can be asked through Python (for example, any calculations or equations that can be calculated).\\n3. Wait for me to give the results.\\n4. Continue if you think the result is correct. If the result is invalid or unexpected, please correct your query or reasoning.\\n\\nAfter all the queries are run and you get the answer, put the answer in \\\\boxed{}.\\n\\nProblem: Problem: If $725x + 727y = 1500$ and $729x+ 731y = 1508$, what is the value of $x - y$ ?\", 'role': 'assistant'}, {'content': \"To start solving the system of linear equations, we'll begin by eliminating one of the variables. We can do this by multiplying both equations by certain coefficients so that the coefficients of one of the variables are the same in both equations. Then, we can subtract the equations to eliminate that variable.\\n\\nFirst, let's multiply the first equation by $731$ and the second equation by $727$, so that the $y$ terms will have the same coefficient and can be subtracted out.\\n\\nHere are the modified equations:\\n\\n1) $725x \\\\cdot 731 + 727y \\\\cdot 731 = 1500 \\\\cdot 731$\\n\\n2) $729x \\\\cdot 727 + 731y \\\\cdot 727 = 1508 \\\\cdot 727$\\n\\nWe'll subtract equation 2 from equation 1 after this modification.\\n\\nLet's compute the new coefficients and constants:\\n\\nFor the first equation:\\n- New coefficient of $x$: $725 \\\\cdot 731$\\n- New coefficient of $y$: $727 \\\\cdot 731$\\n- New constant term: $1500 \\\\cdot 731$\\n\\nFor the second equation:\\n- New coefficient of $x$: $729 \\\\cdot 727$\\n- New coefficient of $y$: $731 \\\\cdot 727$\\n- New constant term: $1508 \\\\cdot 727$\\n\\nNow, we can subtract the second equation from the first one.\\n\\nThe Python code will be:\\n\\n```python\\nfrom sympy import symbols, Eq, solve\\n\\n# Define the symbolic variables\\nx, y = symbols('x y')\\n\\n# Calculate the new coefficients and constant terms\\ncoeff_x1 = 725 * 731\\ncoeff_y1 = 727 * 731\\nconst1 = 1500 * 731\\n\\ncoeff_x2 = 729 * 727\\ncoeff_y2 = 731 * 727\\nconst2 = 1508 * 727\\n\\n# Create the modified equations\\neq1_mod = Eq(coeff_x1*x + coeff_y1*y, const1)\\neq2_mod = Eq(coeff_x2*x + coeff_y2*y, const2)\\n\\n# Subtract the second equation from the first\\neq_subtraction = Eq(eq1_mod.lhs - eq2_mod.lhs, eq1_mod.rhs - eq2_mod.rhs)\\n\\nprint(eq_subtraction)\\n```\\n\\nPlease run this code to get the modified equation after subtraction.\", 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Eq(-8*x, 184)', 'role': 'assistant'}, {'content': \"Great, now we have the simplified equation:\\n\\n$$-8x = 184$$\\n\\nTo solve for $x$, we will divide both sides of the equation by $-8$. Let’s do that calculation now.\\n\\n$$ x = \\\\frac{184}{-8} $$\\n\\nLet's go ahead and perform this division.\\n\\n```python\\n# Calculate the value of x\\nx_value = 184 / -8\\n\\nprint(x_value)\\n```\\n\\nPlease run this code to find the value of $x$.\", 'role': 'user'}, {'content': '-23.0', 'role': 'assistant'}, {'content': \"We've established that $x = -23$.\\n\\nNext, we can substitute the value of $x$ into either of the original equations to solve for $y$. Let's substitute $x$ into the first equation:\\n\\n$$\\n725x + 727y = 1500\\n$$\\n\\nSubstituting $x = -23$ gives us:\\n\\n$$\\n725(-23) + 727y = 1500\\n$$\\n\\nNow we'll solve for $y$ using this equation. The Python code for this step is:\\n\\n```python\\n# Substitute x into the first original equation to solve for y\\nx_value = -23\\n\\n# Define the equation\\neq_for_y = Eq(725 * x_value + 727 * y, 1500)\\n\\n# Solve for y\\ny_value = solve(eq_for_y, y)\\n\\nprint(y_value)\\n```\\n\\nPlease execute this code to calculate the value of $y$.\", 'role': 'user'}, {'content': '[25]', 'role': 'assistant'}, {'content': \"We've found that $y = 25$. Now that we have both $x = -23$ and $y = 25$, we can compute $x - y$:\\n\\n$$ x - y = -23 - 25 $$\\n\\nLet's perform this calculation:\\n\\n```python\\n# Calculate x - y\\nresult = x_value - 25\\n\\nprint(result)\\n```\\n\\nPlease run the above code to find the value of $x - y$.\", 'role': 'user'}, {'content': '-48', 'role': 'assistant'}, {'content': 'With the results obtained, we have:\\n\\n$$ x - y = -48 $$\\n\\nTherefore, the value of $x - y$ is $-48$.\\n\\nWe can put this answer inside a box using LaTeX notation:\\n\\n$$ \\\\boxed{x - y = -48} $$', 'role': 'user'}], summary='With the results obtained, we have:\\n\\n$$ x - y = -48 $$\\n\\nTherefore, the value of $x - y$ is $-48$.\\n\\nWe can put this answer inside a box using LaTeX notation:\\n\\n$$ \\\\boxed{x - y = -48} $$', cost=({'total_cost': 0.6470400000000001, 'gpt-4': {'cost': 0.6470400000000001, 'prompt_tokens': 14178, 'completion_tokens': 3695, 'total_tokens': 17873}}, {'total_cost': 0.6470400000000001, 'gpt-4': {'cost': 0.6470400000000001, 'prompt_tokens': 14178, 'completion_tokens': 3695, 'total_tokens': 17873}}), human_input=[])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 6,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# we set the prompt_type to \"python\", which is a simplified version of the default prompt.\n",
    "math_problem = \"Problem: If $725x + 727y = 1500$ and $729x+ 731y = 1508$, what is the value of $x - y$ ?\"\n",
    "mathproxyagent.initiate_chat(\n",
    "    assistant, message=mathproxyagent.message_generator, problem=math_problem, prompt_type=\"python\"\n",
    ")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "attachments": {},
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Example 5 (Use the \"two_tools\" prompt)\n",
    "\n",
    "Problem: Find all numbers $a$ for which the graph of $y=x^2+a$ and the graph of $y=ax$ intersect. Express your answer in interval notation.\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "Correct Solution: If these two graphs intersect then the points of intersection occur when  \\[x^2+a=ax,\\] or  \\[x^2-ax+a=0.\\] This quadratic has solutions exactly when the discriminant is nonnegative: \\[(-a)^2-4\\cdot1\\cdot a\\geq0.\\] This simplifies to  \\[a(a-4)\\geq0.\\] This quadratic (in $a$) is nonnegative when $a$ and $a-4$ are either both $\\ge 0$ or both $\\le 0$. This is true for $a$ in $$(-\\infty,0]\\cup[4,\\infty).$$ Therefore the line and quadratic intersect exactly when $a$ is in $\\boxed{(-\\infty,0]\\cup[4,\\infty)}$.\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# The wolfram alpha app id is required for this example (the assistant may choose to query Wolfram Alpha).\n",
    "if \"WOLFRAM_ALPHA_APPID\" not in os.environ:\n",
    "    os.environ[\"WOLFRAM_ALPHA_APPID\"] = open(\"wolfram.txt\").read().strip()\n",
    "\n",
    "# we set the prompt_type to \"two_tools\", which allows the assistant to select wolfram alpha when necessary.\n",
    "math_problem = \"Find all numbers $a$ for which the graph of $y=x^2+a$ and the graph of $y=ax$ intersect. Express your answer in interval notation.\"\n",
    "mathproxyagent.initiate_chat(\n",
    "    assistant, message=mathproxyagent.message_generator, problem=math_problem, prompt_type=\"two_tools\"\n",
    ")"
   ]
  }
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