diff --git a/compilers/concrete-compiler/compiler/include/concretelang/Common/Keys.h b/compilers/concrete-compiler/compiler/include/concretelang/Common/Keys.h
index e5448a7d0..434d18079 100644
--- a/compilers/concrete-compiler/compiler/include/concretelang/Common/Keys.h
+++ b/compilers/concrete-compiler/compiler/include/concretelang/Common/Keys.h
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #include "concretelang/Common/Csprng.h"
 #include "concretelang/Common/Protocol.h"
 #include <memory>
+#include <mutex>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <vector>
 
@@ -87,7 +88,8 @@ public:
   LweBootstrapKey(std::shared_ptr<std::vector<uint64_t>> buffer,
                   Message<concreteprotocol::LweBootstrapKeyInfo> info)
       : seededBuffer(std::make_shared<std::vector<uint64_t>>()), buffer(buffer),
-        info(info){};
+        info(info), decompress_mutext(std::make_shared<std::mutex>()),
+        decompressed(false){};
 
   /// @brief Initialize the key from the protocol message.
   static LweBootstrapKey
@@ -107,7 +109,9 @@ public:
 private:
   LweBootstrapKey(Message<concreteprotocol::LweBootstrapKeyInfo> info)
       : seededBuffer(std::make_shared<std::vector<uint64_t>>()),
-        buffer(std::make_shared<std::vector<uint64_t>>()), info(info){};
+        buffer(std::make_shared<std::vector<uint64_t>>()), info(info),
+        decompress_mutext(std::make_shared<std::mutex>()),
+        decompressed(false){};
   LweBootstrapKey() = delete;
 
   /// @brief  The buffer of the seeded key if needed.
@@ -118,6 +122,12 @@ private:
 
   /// @brief The metadata of the bootrap key.
   Message<concreteprotocol::LweBootstrapKeyInfo> info;
+
+  /// @brief Mutex to guard the decompression
+  std::shared_ptr<std::mutex> decompress_mutext;
+
+  /// @brief A boolean that indicates if the decompression is done or not
+  bool decompressed;
 };
 
 class LweKeyswitchKey {
@@ -130,7 +140,8 @@ public:
   LweKeyswitchKey(std::shared_ptr<std::vector<uint64_t>> buffer,
                   Message<concreteprotocol::LweKeyswitchKeyInfo> info)
       : seededBuffer(std::make_shared<std::vector<uint64_t>>()), buffer(buffer),
-        info(info){};
+        info(info), decompress_mutext(std::make_shared<std::mutex>()),
+        decompressed(false){};
 
   /// @brief Initialize the key from the protocol message.
   static LweKeyswitchKey
@@ -150,7 +161,9 @@ public:
 private:
   LweKeyswitchKey(Message<concreteprotocol::LweKeyswitchKeyInfo> info)
       : seededBuffer(std::make_shared<std::vector<uint64_t>>()),
-        buffer(std::make_shared<std::vector<uint64_t>>()), info(info){};
+        buffer(std::make_shared<std::vector<uint64_t>>()), info(info),
+        decompress_mutext(std::make_shared<std::mutex>()),
+        decompressed(false){};
 
   /// @brief  The buffer of the seeded key if needed.
   std::shared_ptr<std::vector<uint64_t>> seededBuffer;
@@ -160,6 +173,12 @@ private:
 
   /// @brief The metadata of the bootrap key.
   Message<concreteprotocol::LweKeyswitchKeyInfo> info;
+
+  /// @brief Mutex to guard the decompression
+  std::shared_ptr<std::mutex> decompress_mutext;
+
+  /// @brief A boolean that indicates if the decompression is done or not
+  bool decompressed;
 };
 
 class PackingKeyswitchKey {
diff --git a/compilers/concrete-compiler/compiler/lib/Common/Keys.cpp b/compilers/concrete-compiler/compiler/lib/Common/Keys.cpp
index add19359f..64f04cb2e 100644
--- a/compilers/concrete-compiler/compiler/lib/Common/Keys.cpp
+++ b/compilers/concrete-compiler/compiler/lib/Common/Keys.cpp
@@ -193,8 +193,7 @@ Message<concreteprotocol::LweBootstrapKey> LweBootstrapKey::toProto() const {
 }
 
 const std::vector<uint64_t> &LweBootstrapKey::getBuffer() {
-  if (buffer->size() == 0)
-    decompress();
+  decompress();
   return *buffer;
 }
 
@@ -220,6 +219,11 @@ void LweBootstrapKey::decompress() {
   case concreteprotocol::Compression::NONE:
     return;
   case concreteprotocol::Compression::SEED: {
+    if (decompressed)
+      return;
+    const std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(*decompress_mutext);
+    if (decompressed)
+      return;
     auto params = info.asReader().getParams();
     buffer->resize(concrete_cpu_bootstrap_key_size_u64(
         params.getLevelCount(), params.getGlweDimension(),
@@ -230,6 +234,7 @@ void LweBootstrapKey::decompress() {
         buffer->data(), seededBuffer->data() + 2, params.getInputLweDimension(),
         params.getPolynomialSize(), params.getGlweDimension(),
         params.getLevelCount(), params.getBaseLog(), seed);
+    decompressed = true;
     return;
   }
   default:
@@ -313,8 +318,7 @@ LweKeyswitchKey::getInfo() const {
 }
 
 const std::vector<uint64_t> &LweKeyswitchKey::getBuffer() {
-  if (buffer->size() == 0)
-    decompress();
+  decompress();
   return *buffer;
 }
 
@@ -335,6 +339,11 @@ void LweKeyswitchKey::decompress() {
   case concreteprotocol::Compression::NONE:
     return;
   case concreteprotocol::Compression::SEED: {
+    if (decompressed)
+      return;
+    const std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(*decompress_mutext);
+    if (decompressed)
+      return;
     auto params = info.asReader().getParams();
     buffer->resize(concrete_cpu_keyswitch_key_size_u64(
         params.getLevelCount(), params.getInputLweDimension(),
@@ -345,6 +354,7 @@ void LweKeyswitchKey::decompress() {
         buffer->data(), seededBuffer->data() + 2, params.getInputLweDimension(),
         params.getOutputLweDimension(), params.getLevelCount(),
         params.getBaseLog(), seed);
+    decompressed = true;
     return;
   }
   default: