chore: bump node to v20.10.0 (main) (#40675)

* chore: bump node in DEPS to v20.10.0

* chore: update feat_initialize_asar_support.patch

no code changes; patch just needed an update due to nearby upstream changes

Xref: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/49986

* chore: update pass_all_globals_through_require.patch

no manual changes; patch applied with fuzz

Xref: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/49657

* chore: update refactor_allow_embedder_overriding_of_internal_fs_calls

Xref: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/49912

no code changes; patch just needed an update due to nearby upstream changes

* chore: update chore_allow_the_node_entrypoint_to_be_a_builtin_module.patch

Xref: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/49986

minor manual changes needed to sync with upstream change

* update fix_expose_the_built-in_electron_module_via_the_esm_loader.patch

Xref: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/50096
Xref: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/50314
in lib/internal/modules/esm/load.js, update the code that checks for
`format === 'electron'`. I'd like 👀 on this

Xref: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/49657
add braces in lib/internal/modules/esm/translators.js to sync with upstream

* fix: lazyload fs in esm loaders to apply asar patches

* https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/50127
* https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/50096

* esm: jsdoc for modules code

https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/49523

* test: set test-cli-node-options as flaky

https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/50296

* deps: update c-ares to 1.20.1

https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/50082

* esm: bypass CommonJS loader under --default-type=module

https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/49986

* deps: update uvwasi to 0.0.19

https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/49908

* lib,test: do not hardcode Buffer.kMaxLength

https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/49876

* crypto: account for disabled SharedArrayBuffer

https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/50034

* test: fix edge snapshot stack traces

https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/49659

* src: generate snapshot with --predictable

https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/48749

* chore: fixup patch indices

* fs: throw errors from sync branches instead of separate implementations

https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/49913

* crypto: ensure valid point on elliptic curve in SubtleCrypto.importKey

https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/50234

* esm: detect ESM syntax in ambiguous JavaScrip

https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/50096

* fixup! test: fix edge snapshot stack traces

* esm: unflag extensionless ES module JavaScript and Wasm in module scope

https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/49974

* [tagged-ptr] Arrowify objects

https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/c/v8/v8/+/4705331

---------

Co-authored-by: electron-roller[bot] <84116207+electron-roller[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Charles Kerr <charles@charleskerr.com>
Co-authored-by: Shelley Vohr <shelley.vohr@gmail.com>

script/node-disabled-tests.json

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 [
   "abort/test-abort-backtrace",
+  "es-module/test-vm-compile-function-lineoffset",
   "parallel/test-bootstrap-modules",
   "parallel/test-child-process-fork-exec-path",
   "parallel/test-code-cache",
@@ -21,9 +22,9 @@
   "parallel/test-dgram-send-cb-quelches-error",
   "parallel/test-fs-utimes-y2K38",
   "parallel/test-http2-clean-output",
-  "parallel/test-http2-https-fallback.js",
-  "parallel/test-http2-server-unknown-protocol.js",
-  "parallel/test-tls-alpn-server-client.js",
+  "parallel/test-http2-https-fallback",
+  "parallel/test-http2-server-unknown-protocol",
+  "parallel/test-tls-alpn-server-client",
   "parallel/test-https-agent-session-reuse",
   "parallel/test-https-options-boolean-check",
   "parallel/test-icu-env",