diff --git a/src/agents/openclaw-tools.subagents.sessions-spawn.mocks.ts b/src/agents/openclaw-tools.subagents.sessions-spawn.mocks.ts
index 814d70b477..7a9ad59197 100644
--- a/src/agents/openclaw-tools.subagents.sessions-spawn.mocks.ts
+++ b/src/agents/openclaw-tools.subagents.sessions-spawn.mocks.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 import { vi } from "vitest";
 
-export const callGatewayMock = vi.fn();
+// Avoid exporting inferred vitest mock types (TS2742 under pnpm + d.ts emit).
+export type CallGatewayMock = ((opts: unknown) => unknown) & ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>;
+export const callGatewayMock: CallGatewayMock = vi.fn() as unknown as CallGatewayMock;
 vi.mock("../gateway/call.js", () => ({
   callGateway: (opts: unknown) => callGatewayMock(opts),
 }));
diff --git a/src/cli/program.nodes-media.e2e.test.ts b/src/cli/program.nodes-media.e2e.test.ts
index bcd51af46b..e31f52d406 100644
--- a/src/cli/program.nodes-media.e2e.test.ts
+++ b/src/cli/program.nodes-media.e2e.test.ts
@@ -5,6 +5,14 @@ import { callGateway, installBaseProgramMocks, runTui, runtime } from "./program
 
 installBaseProgramMocks();
 
+function getFirstRuntimeLogLine(): string {
+  const first = runtime.log.mock.calls[0]?.[0];
+  if (typeof first !== "string") {
+    throw new Error(`Expected runtime.log first arg to be string, got ${typeof first}`);
+  }
+  return first;
+}
+
 const IOS_NODE = {
   nodeId: "ios-node",
   displayName: "iOS Node",
@@ -59,7 +67,7 @@ describe("cli program (nodes media)", () => {
       .toSorted((a, b) => a.localeCompare(b));
     expect(facings).toEqual(["back", "front"]);
 
-    const out = String(runtime.log.mock.calls[0]?.[0] ?? "");
+    const out = getFirstRuntimeLogLine();
     const mediaPaths = out
       .split("\n")
       .filter((l) => l.startsWith("MEDIA:"))
@@ -132,7 +140,7 @@ describe("cli program (nodes media)", () => {
       }),
     );
 
-    const out = String(runtime.log.mock.calls[0]?.[0] ?? "");
+    const out = getFirstRuntimeLogLine();
     const mediaPath = out.replace(/^MEDIA:/, "").trim();
     expect(mediaPath).toMatch(/openclaw-camera-clip-front-.*\.mp4$/);
 
@@ -188,7 +196,7 @@ describe("cli program (nodes media)", () => {
       }),
     );
 
-    const out = String(runtime.log.mock.calls[0]?.[0] ?? "");
+    const out = getFirstRuntimeLogLine();
     const mediaPath = out.replace(/^MEDIA:/, "").trim();
 
     try {
@@ -263,7 +271,7 @@ describe("cli program (nodes media)", () => {
       }),
     );
 
-    const out = String(runtime.log.mock.calls[0]?.[0] ?? "");
+    const out = getFirstRuntimeLogLine();
     const mediaPath = out.replace(/^MEDIA:/, "").trim();
 
     try {
@@ -356,7 +364,7 @@ describe("cli program (nodes media)", () => {
       { from: "user" },
     );
 
-    const out = String(runtime.log.mock.calls[0]?.[0] ?? "");
+    const out = getFirstRuntimeLogLine();
     const mediaPath = out.replace(/^MEDIA:/, "").trim();
     expect(mediaPath).toMatch(/openclaw-canvas-snapshot-.*\.png$/);
 
@@ -455,7 +463,7 @@ describe("cli program (nodes media)", () => {
         { from: "user" },
       );
 
-      const out = String(runtime.log.mock.calls[0]?.[0] ?? "");
+      const out = getFirstRuntimeLogLine();
       const mediaPath = out.replace(/^MEDIA:/, "").trim();
       expect(mediaPath).toMatch(/openclaw-camera-snap-front-.*\.jpg$/);
 
@@ -504,7 +512,7 @@ describe("cli program (nodes media)", () => {
         { from: "user" },
       );
 
-      const out = String(runtime.log.mock.calls[0]?.[0] ?? "");
+      const out = getFirstRuntimeLogLine();
       const mediaPath = out.replace(/^MEDIA:/, "").trim();
       expect(mediaPath).toMatch(/openclaw-camera-clip-front-.*\.mp4$/);
 
diff --git a/src/cron/service.test-harness.ts b/src/cron/service.test-harness.ts
index d111a8c2ea..99c717e3c8 100644
--- a/src/cron/service.test-harness.ts
+++ b/src/cron/service.test-harness.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,15 @@ import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
 import { afterAll, afterEach, beforeAll, beforeEach, vi } from "vitest";
 
-export function createNoopLogger() {
+// Avoid exporting inferred vitest mock types (TS2742 under pnpm + d.ts emit).
+export type NoopLogger = {
+  debug: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>;
+  info: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>;
+  warn: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>;
+  error: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>;
+};
+
+export function createNoopLogger(): NoopLogger {
   return {
     debug: vi.fn(),
     info: vi.fn(),