diff --git a/src/agents/content-blocks.test.ts b/src/agents/content-blocks.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..42ec8f84c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/agents/content-blocks.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+import { collectTextContentBlocks } from "./content-blocks.js";
+
+describe("collectTextContentBlocks", () => {
+  it("collects text content blocks in order", () => {
+    const blocks = [
+      { type: "text", text: "first" },
+      { type: "image", data: "abc" },
+      { type: "text", text: "second" },
+    ];
+
+    expect(collectTextContentBlocks(blocks)).toEqual(["first", "second"]);
+  });
+
+  it("ignores invalid entries and non-arrays", () => {
+    expect(collectTextContentBlocks(null)).toEqual([]);
+    expect(collectTextContentBlocks([{ type: "text", text: 1 }, undefined, "x"])).toEqual([]);
+  });
+});
diff --git a/src/agents/content-blocks.ts b/src/agents/content-blocks.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7f7dff0012
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/agents/content-blocks.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+export function collectTextContentBlocks(content: unknown): string[] {
+  if (!Array.isArray(content)) {
+    return [];
+  }
+  const parts: string[] = [];
+  for (const block of content) {
+    if (!block || typeof block !== "object") {
+      continue;
+    }
+    const rec = block as { type?: unknown; text?: unknown };
+    if (rec.type === "text" && typeof rec.text === "string") {
+      parts.push(rec.text);
+    }
+  }
+  return parts;
+}
diff --git a/src/agents/pi-embedded-subscribe.tools.ts b/src/agents/pi-embedded-subscribe.tools.ts
index 6b8cd3219e..f37974cc90 100644
--- a/src/agents/pi-embedded-subscribe.tools.ts
+++ b/src/agents/pi-embedded-subscribe.tools.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { getChannelPlugin, normalizeChannelId } from "../channels/plugins/index.
 import { normalizeTargetForProvider } from "../infra/outbound/target-normalization.js";
 import { MEDIA_TOKEN_RE } from "../media/parse.js";
 import { truncateUtf16Safe } from "../utils.js";
+import { collectTextContentBlocks } from "./content-blocks.js";
 import { type MessagingToolSend } from "./pi-embedded-messaging.js";
 
 const TOOL_RESULT_MAX_CHARS = 8000;
@@ -96,20 +97,9 @@ export function extractToolResultText(result: unknown): string | undefined {
     return undefined;
   }
   const record = result as Record<string, unknown>;
-  const content = Array.isArray(record.content) ? record.content : null;
-  if (!content) {
-    return undefined;
-  }
-  const texts = content
+  const texts = collectTextContentBlocks(record.content)
     .map((item) => {
-      if (!item || typeof item !== "object") {
-        return undefined;
-      }
-      const entry = item as Record<string, unknown>;
-      if (entry.type !== "text" || typeof entry.text !== "string") {
-        return undefined;
-      }
-      const trimmed = entry.text.trim();
+      const trimmed = item.trim();
       return trimmed ? trimmed : undefined;
     })
     .filter((value): value is string => Boolean(value));
diff --git a/src/agents/pi-extensions/compaction-safeguard.ts b/src/agents/pi-extensions/compaction-safeguard.ts
index a513c88c51..12c6627e40 100644
--- a/src/agents/pi-extensions/compaction-safeguard.ts
+++ b/src/agents/pi-extensions/compaction-safeguard.ts
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import {
   resolveContextWindowTokens,
   summarizeInStages,
 } from "../compaction.js";
+import { collectTextContentBlocks } from "../content-blocks.js";
 import { getCompactionSafeguardRuntime } from "./compaction-safeguard-runtime.js";
 const FALLBACK_SUMMARY =
   "Summary unavailable due to context limits. Older messages were truncated.";
@@ -62,20 +63,7 @@ function formatToolFailureMeta(details: unknown): string | undefined {
 }
 
 function extractToolResultText(content: unknown): string {
-  if (!Array.isArray(content)) {
-    return "";
-  }
-  const parts: string[] = [];
-  for (const block of content) {
-    if (!block || typeof block !== "object") {
-      continue;
-    }
-    const rec = block as { type?: unknown; text?: unknown };
-    if (rec.type === "text" && typeof rec.text === "string") {
-      parts.push(rec.text);
-    }
-  }
-  return parts.join("\n");
+  return collectTextContentBlocks(content).join("\n");
 }
 
 function collectToolFailures(messages: AgentMessage[]): ToolFailure[] {
diff --git a/src/auto-reply/reply/get-reply-inline-actions.ts b/src/auto-reply/reply/get-reply-inline-actions.ts
index f579bd9212..9fdd0caf74 100644
--- a/src/auto-reply/reply/get-reply-inline-actions.ts
+++ b/src/auto-reply/reply/get-reply-inline-actions.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { collectTextContentBlocks } from "../../agents/content-blocks.js";
 import { createOpenClawTools } from "../../agents/openclaw-tools.js";
 import type { SkillCommandSpec } from "../../agents/skills.js";
 import { getChannelDock } from "../../channels/dock.js";
@@ -62,20 +63,7 @@ function extractTextFromToolResult(result: any): string | null {
     const trimmed = content.trim();
     return trimmed ? trimmed : null;
   }
-  if (!Array.isArray(content)) {
-    return null;
-  }
-
-  const parts: string[] = [];
-  for (const block of content) {
-    if (!block || typeof block !== "object") {
-      continue;
-    }
-    const rec = block as { type?: unknown; text?: unknown };
-    if (rec.type === "text" && typeof rec.text === "string") {
-      parts.push(rec.text);
-    }
-  }
+  const parts = collectTextContentBlocks(content);
   const out = parts.join("");
   const trimmed = out.trim();
   return trimmed ? trimmed : null;