Add static analyzer to discourage use of panic() (#15075)

* Implement static analysis to prevent panics

* Add nopanic to nogo

* Fix violations and add exclusions

Fix violations and add exclusions for all

* Changelog fragment

* Use pass.Report instead of pass.Reportf

* Remove strings.ToLower for checking init method name

* Add exclusion for herumi init

* Move api/client/beacon template function to init and its own file

* Fix nopanic testcase

cmd/beacon-chain/main.go

@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ func before(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 		f := joonix.NewFormatter()
 
 		if err := joonix.DisableTimestampFormat(f); err != nil {
-			panic(err)
+			panic(err) // lint:nopanic -- This shouldn't happen, but crashing immediately at startup is OK.
 		}
 
 		logrus.SetFormatter(f)
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ func main() {
 	defer func() {
 		if x := recover(); x != nil {
 			log.Errorf("Runtime panic: %v\n%v", x, string(runtimeDebug.Stack()))
-			panic(x)
+			panic(x) // lint:nopanic -- This is just resurfacing the original panic.
 		}
 	}()