Implement data column sidecars verifications. (#15232)

* Logging: Add `DataColumnFields`.

* `RODataColumn`: Implement `Slot`, `ParentRoot` and `ProposerIndex`.

* Implement verification for data column sidecars.

* Add changelog.

* Fix Terence's comment.

* Fix Terence's comment.

* `SidecarProposerExpected`: Stop returning "sidecar was not proposed by the expected proposer_index" when there is any error in the function.

* `SidecarProposerExpected` & `ValidProposerSignature`: Cache the parent state.

* `VerifyDataColumnsSidecarKZGProofs`: Add benchmarks.

* Fix Kasey's comment.

* Add additional benchmark.

* Fix Kasey's comment.

* Fix Kasey's comment.

* Fix Kasey's comment.

* Fix Preston's comment.

* Fix Preston's comment.

* Fix Preston's comment.

runtime/logging/BUILD.bazel

@@ -2,7 +2,10 @@ load("@prysm//tools/go:def.bzl", "go_library")
 
 go_library(
     name = "go_default_library",
-    srcs = ["blob.go"],
+    srcs = [
+        "blob.go",
+        "data_column.go",
+    ],
     importpath = "github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/runtime/logging",
     visibility = ["//visibility:public"],
     deps = [

runtime/logging/data_column.go

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+package logging
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/consensus-types/blocks"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+// DataColumnFields extracts a standard set of fields from a DataColumnSidecar into a logrus.Fields struct
+// which can be passed to log.WithFields.
+func DataColumnFields(column blocks.RODataColumn) logrus.Fields {
+	kzgCommitmentCount := len(column.KzgCommitments)
+
+	return logrus.Fields{
+		"slot":               column.Slot(),
+		"propIdx":            column.ProposerIndex(),
+		"blockRoot":          fmt.Sprintf("%#x", column.BlockRoot())[:8],
+		"parentRoot":         fmt.Sprintf("%#x", column.ParentRoot())[:8],
+		"kzgCommitmentCount": kzgCommitmentCount,
+		"colIdx":             column.Index,
+	}
+}