Update go to 1.24.0 (#14969)

* Update rules_go to v0.53.0

* Update staticcheck to v0.6.0

* Update to go 1.24.0

* Update github.com/trailofbits/go-mutexasserts to latest

* Use rules_go @ cf3c3af34bd869b864f5f2b98e2f41c2b220d6c9

* Provide the go binary to SszGen. 
https://github.com/bazel-contrib/rules_go/pull/4173

* Unskip SA9003

* Update github ci checks to go1.24.0

* CI: Update gosec to v2.22.1 and golangci to v1..64.5

* Temporarily disable usetesting lint check for go1.24

* gosec: Disable G115 - integer overflow conversion

* gosec: Ignore G407 for "hardcoded" IV. It's not hardcoded.

* Fix uses of rand.Seed. This is a no-op in go1.24 and deprecated since go1.20.

* Changelog fragment

BUILD.bazel

@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ STATICCHECK_ANALYZERS = [
     "sa6006",
     "sa9001",
     "sa9002",
-    #"sa9003", # Doesn't build. See https://github.com/dominikh/go-tools/pull/1483
+    "sa9003",
     "sa9004",
     "sa9005",
     "sa9006",