diff --git a/crates/ethereum/node/tests/e2e/main.rs b/crates/ethereum/node/tests/e2e/main.rs
index 2f2e4ee129..b26565592b 100644
--- a/crates/ethereum/node/tests/e2e/main.rs
+++ b/crates/ethereum/node/tests/e2e/main.rs
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ mod pool;
 mod prestate;
 mod rpc;
 mod selfdestruct;
+mod simulate;
 mod utils;
 
 const fn main() {}
diff --git a/crates/ethereum/node/tests/e2e/simulate.rs b/crates/ethereum/node/tests/e2e/simulate.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ee8c615e62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/ethereum/node/tests/e2e/simulate.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+use crate::utils::eth_payload_attributes;
+use alloy_primitives::{Address, U256};
+use alloy_provider::{network::EthereumWallet, Provider, ProviderBuilder};
+use alloy_rpc_types_eth::{
+    simulate::{SimBlock, SimulatePayload, SimulatedBlock},
+    state::StateOverridesBuilder,
+    BlockOverrides, TransactionRequest,
+};
+use reth_chainspec::{ChainSpecBuilder, MAINNET};
+use reth_e2e_test_utils::setup_engine;
+use reth_node_ethereum::EthereumNode;
+use std::sync::Arc;
+
+/// Tests that `eth_simulateV1` handles a transaction with `maxFeePerBlobGas` set but no
+/// `blob_versioned_hashes` or sidecar. The transaction should be treated as EIP-1559, not
+/// EIP-4844.
+///
+/// Reproduces <https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/issues/21809>
+#[tokio::test]
+#[ignore = "depends on alloy-rs/alloy#3651"]
+async fn test_simulate_v1_with_max_fee_per_blob_gas_only() -> eyre::Result<()> {
+    reth_tracing::init_test_tracing();
+
+    let chain_spec = Arc::new(
+        ChainSpecBuilder::default()
+            .chain(MAINNET.chain)
+            .genesis(serde_json::from_str(include_str!("../assets/genesis.json")).unwrap())
+            .cancun_activated()
+            .build(),
+    );
+
+    let (mut nodes, _tasks, wallet) = setup_engine::<EthereumNode>(
+        1,
+        chain_spec.clone(),
+        false,
+        Default::default(),
+        eth_payload_attributes,
+    )
+    .await?;
+    let mut node = nodes.pop().unwrap();
+    let provider = ProviderBuilder::new()
+        .wallet(EthereumWallet::new(wallet.wallet_gen().swap_remove(0)))
+        .connect_http(node.rpc_url());
+
+    let _ = provider.send_transaction(TransactionRequest::default().to(Address::ZERO)).await?;
+    node.advance_block().await?;
+
+    let from: Address = "0xc000000000000000000000000000000000000000".parse()?;
+    let to: Address = "0xc100000000000000000000000000000000000000".parse()?;
+
+    let tx = TransactionRequest::default()
+        .from(from)
+        .to(to)
+        .gas_limit(0x52080)
+        .max_fee_per_gas(0)
+        .max_priority_fee_per_gas(0)
+        .max_fee_per_blob_gas(0)
+        .value(U256::ZERO)
+        .nonce(0)
+        .input(Default::default());
+
+    let state_overrides =
+        StateOverridesBuilder::default().with_balance(from, U256::from(0x334500u64)).build();
+
+    let sim_block = SimBlock::default()
+        .with_block_overrides(BlockOverrides { base_fee: Some(U256::ZERO), ..Default::default() })
+        .with_state_overrides(state_overrides)
+        .call(tx);
+
+    let payload = SimulatePayload::default().with_validation().extend(sim_block);
+
+    let result: Vec<SimulatedBlock> =
+        provider.raw_request("eth_simulateV1".into(), (&payload, "latest")).await?;
+
+    assert_eq!(result.len(), 1, "expected exactly 1 simulated block");
+    assert_eq!(result[0].calls.len(), 1, "expected exactly 1 call result");
+    assert!(result[0].calls[0].status, "expected call to succeed");
+    assert!(result[0].calls[0].error.is_none(), "expected no error");
+
+    Ok(())
+}