diff --git a/tinygrad/helpers.py b/tinygrad/helpers.py
index 1974e97917..7b54390e5a 100644
--- a/tinygrad/helpers.py
+++ b/tinygrad/helpers.py
@@ -65,6 +65,8 @@ def to_function_name(s:str): return ''.join([c if c in (string.ascii_letters+str
 def getenv(key:str, default=0): return type(default)(os.getenv(key, default))
 def temp(x:str) -> str: return (pathlib.Path(tempfile.gettempdir()) / x).as_posix()
 
+class GraphException(Exception): pass
+
 class Context(contextlib.ContextDecorator):
   stack: ClassVar[List[dict[str, int]]] = [{}]
   def __init__(self, **kwargs): self.kwargs = kwargs
diff --git a/tinygrad/jit.py b/tinygrad/jit.py
index b428c08167..a94bbe6694 100644
--- a/tinygrad/jit.py
+++ b/tinygrad/jit.py
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ from typing import Callable, List, Tuple, Dict, cast, Union, Optional, TypeVar,
 import functools, itertools, operator
 from tinygrad.nn.state import get_parameters
 from tinygrad.dtype import DType
-from tinygrad.helpers import DEBUG, merge_dicts, getenv, all_int, Context, GRAPH, flatten
+from tinygrad.helpers import DEBUG, merge_dicts, getenv, all_int, Context, GRAPH, flatten, GraphException
 from tinygrad.device import Compiled, JITRunner, CompiledASTRunner, Buffer
 from tinygrad.tensor import Tensor
 from tinygrad.lazy import LazyBuffer
@@ -32,7 +32,45 @@ def get_jc_idxs_with_updatable_launch_dims(jit_cache: List[JitItem]) -> List[int
 def get_jc_idxs_with_updatable_var_vals(jit_cache: List[JitItem]) -> List[int]:
   return [j for j,ji in enumerate(jit_cache) if isinstance(ji.prg, CompiledASTRunner) and ji.prg.vars]
 
-class GraphException(Exception): pass
+def apply_graph_to_jit(jit_cache: List[JitItem], input_rawbuffers: List[Buffer], var_vals: Dict[Variable, int]) -> List[JitItem]:
+  # Split JIT cache into batches for faster graph execution.
+  # This allows the accelerator to run some batches while subsequent graphs are still being updated.
+  graphed_jit_cache: List[JitItem] = []
+  current_batch: List[JitItem] = []
+  current_device: Union[Compiled, None] = None
+
+  # Flush the current batch.
+  def flush():
+    nonlocal current_batch, current_device
+    assert current_device is not None
+    try:
+      graphed_jit_cache.append(JitItem(current_device.graph(current_batch, input_rawbuffers, var_vals), cast(List[Optional[Buffer]], input_rawbuffers))) # noqa: E501
+      if DEBUG >= 2: print(f"\tJIT GRAPHing batch with {len(current_batch)} kernels on device {current_device}")
+    except GraphException as e:
+      graphed_jit_cache.extend(current_batch)
+      if DEBUG >= 2: print(f"\tJIT GRAPHing failed batch with {len(current_batch)} kernels on device {current_device}: {e}")
+    current_batch = []
+    current_device = None
+
+  for i,ji in enumerate(jit_cache):
+    # If the jit item can potentially be graphed, put it in a batch.
+    can_be_graphed = isinstance(ji.prg, CompiledASTRunner) and ji.prg.device.graph
+    if can_be_graphed:
+      assert isinstance(ji.prg, CompiledASTRunner)
+      # If the device changed we flush the batch early and append this item for the next batch.
+      if current_device is not None and ji.prg.device != current_device: flush()
+      current_device = ji.prg.device
+      current_batch.append(ji)
+
+    # The flush is done when (1) ji is the last one, (2) the size of batch exceeds the maximum batch size or
+    # (3) the current jit item cannot be graphed, so the current batch is flushed before such a jit item is added.
+    if len(current_batch) > 0 and (i==len(jit_cache)-1 or len(current_batch) >= getenv("JIT_BATCH_SIZE", 64) or not can_be_graphed): flush()
+
+    # If the jit item cannot be graphed, put it right into the final cache after the flush.
+    if not can_be_graphed: graphed_jit_cache.append(ji)
+  return graphed_jit_cache
+
+# *** JIT ***
 
 ReturnType = TypeVar('ReturnType')
 class TinyJit(Generic[ReturnType]):
@@ -87,44 +125,7 @@ class TinyJit(Generic[ReturnType]):
       if DEBUG >= 1: print(f"JIT captured {len(self.jit_cache)} kernels with {len(input_rawbuffers)} inputs")
 
       # Condense the items into a graph executor.
-      if getenv("JIT") != 2:
-        # Split JIT cache into batches for faster graph execution.
-        # This allows the accelerator to run some batches while subsequent graphs are still being updated.
-        graphed_jit_cache: List[JitItem] = []
-        current_batch: List[JitItem] = []
-        current_device: Union[Compiled, None] = None
-
-        # Flush the current batch.
-        def flush():
-          nonlocal current_batch, current_device
-          assert current_device is not None
-          try:
-            graphed_jit_cache.append(JitItem(current_device.graph(current_batch, input_rawbuffers, var_vals), cast(List[Optional[Buffer]], input_rawbuffers))) # noqa: E501
-            if DEBUG >= 2: print(f"\tJIT GRAPHing batch with {len(current_batch)} kernels on device {current_device}")
-          except GraphException as e:
-            graphed_jit_cache.extend(current_batch)
-            if DEBUG >= 2: print(f"\tJIT GRAPHing failed batch with {len(current_batch)} kernels on device {current_device}: {e}")
-          current_batch = []
-          current_device = None
-
-        for i,ji in enumerate(self.jit_cache):
-          # If the jit item can potentially be graphed, put it in a batch.
-          can_be_graphed = isinstance(ji.prg, CompiledASTRunner) and ji.prg.device.graph
-          if can_be_graphed:
-            assert isinstance(ji.prg, CompiledASTRunner)
-            # If the device changed we flush the batch early and append this item for the next batch.
-            if current_device is not None and ji.prg.device != current_device: flush()
-            current_device = ji.prg.device
-            current_batch.append(ji)
-
-          # The flush is done when (1) ji is the last one, (2) the size of batch exceeds the maximum batch size or
-          # (3) the current jit item cannot be graphed, so the current batch is flushed before such a jit item is added.
-          if len(current_batch) > 0 and (i==len(self.jit_cache)-1 or len(current_batch) >= getenv("JIT_BATCH_SIZE", 64) or not can_be_graphed): flush() # noqa: E501
-
-          # If the jit item cannot be graphed, put it right into the final cache after the flush.
-          if not can_be_graphed: graphed_jit_cache.append(ji)
-
-        self.jit_cache = graphed_jit_cache
+      if getenv("JIT") != 2: self.jit_cache = apply_graph_to_jit(self.jit_cache, input_rawbuffers, var_vals)
 
       self.input_replace = get_input_replace(self.jit_cache, input_rawbuffers)
     elif self.cnt == 0:
diff --git a/tinygrad/runtime/graph/cuda.py b/tinygrad/runtime/graph/cuda.py
index 1be2526ae5..fc981df9da 100644
--- a/tinygrad/runtime/graph/cuda.py
+++ b/tinygrad/runtime/graph/cuda.py
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 import ctypes
 from typing import Any, Optional, Tuple, Dict, List, cast
 import gpuctypes.cuda as cuda
-from tinygrad.helpers import init_c_var, encode_args_cuda_style, all_same
+from tinygrad.helpers import init_c_var, encode_args_cuda_style, all_same, GraphException
 from tinygrad.device import CompiledASTRunner, update_stats, Buffer
 from tinygrad.runtime.ops_cuda import check, cu_time_execution
 from tinygrad.shape.symbolic import Variable
-from tinygrad.jit import JitItem, get_input_replace, get_jit_stats, get_jc_idxs_with_updatable_launch_dims, get_jc_idxs_with_updatable_var_vals, GraphException  # noqa: E501
+from tinygrad.jit import JitItem, get_input_replace, get_jit_stats, get_jc_idxs_with_updatable_launch_dims, get_jc_idxs_with_updatable_var_vals
 
 class CUDAGraph:
   def __init__(self, jit_cache: List[JitItem], input_rawbuffers: List[Buffer], var_vals: Dict[Variable, int]):
diff --git a/tinygrad/runtime/graph/metal.py b/tinygrad/runtime/graph/metal.py
index cd0154221f..686ea8ea49 100644
--- a/tinygrad/runtime/graph/metal.py
+++ b/tinygrad/runtime/graph/metal.py
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 from typing import List, Any, Dict, cast, Optional
 import Metal
 from tinygrad.dtype import dtypes
-from tinygrad.helpers import dedup, unwrap2
+from tinygrad.helpers import dedup, unwrap2, GraphException
 from tinygrad.device import Buffer, CompiledASTRunner, update_stats
-from tinygrad.jit import JitItem, get_input_replace, get_jit_stats, get_jc_idxs_with_updatable_launch_dims, GraphException
+from tinygrad.jit import JitItem, get_input_replace, get_jit_stats, get_jc_idxs_with_updatable_launch_dims
 from tinygrad.shape.symbolic import Variable
 from tinygrad.runtime.ops_metal import MetalDevice
 
diff --git a/tinygrad/tensor.py b/tinygrad/tensor.py
index db97c85faa..b7dc27fbc3 100644
--- a/tinygrad/tensor.py
+++ b/tinygrad/tensor.py
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ class Tensor:
 
   @staticmethod
   def corealize(lst:Iterable[Tensor]):
-    return run_schedule(create_schedule(flatten([x.lazydata.lbs if isinstance(x.lazydata, MultiLazyBuffer) else [x.lazydata] for x in lst])))
+    run_schedule(create_schedule(flatten([x.lazydata.lbs if isinstance(x.lazydata, MultiLazyBuffer) else [x.lazydata] for x in lst])))
 
   def realize(self) -> Tensor:
     run_schedule(self.lazydata.schedule())