#!/usr/bin/env python3
import argparse
from tqdm import trange
import numpy as np
from tinygrad import Device
from typing import Optional, Union
from tinygrad.tensor import Tensor
from tinygrad.nn import Embedding, Linear, LayerNorm
from tinygrad.shape.symbolic import Variable
from tinygrad.jit import TinyJit
import tiktoken
from tinygrad.nn.state import torch_load, load_state_dict, get_state_dict
from tinygrad.helpers import GlobalCounters, Timing, DEBUG, getenv, fetch, colored, dtypes

MAX_CONTEXT = getenv("MAX_CONTEXT", 128)
HALF = getenv("HALF")

class Attention:
  def __init__(self, dim, n_heads):
    self.c_attn = Linear(dim, 3*dim, bias=True)
    self.c_proj = Linear(dim, dim, bias=True)
    self.n_heads = n_heads
    self.dim = dim
    self.head_dim = dim // n_heads

  def __call__(self, x:Tensor, start_pos:Variable, mask:Optional[Tensor]) -> Tensor:
    if mask is not None:
      # no symbolic shape qkv when consuming prompts
      start_pos = start_pos.val

    if HALF: x = x.half()
    xqkv = self.c_attn(x)
    xq, xk, xv = [xqkv.shrink((None, None, (i*self.dim, (i+1)*self.dim))).reshape(xqkv.shape[0], xqkv.shape[1], self.n_heads, self.head_dim) for i in range(3)]
    bsz, seqlen, n_heads, head_dim = xq.shape

    # create kv cache
    if not hasattr(self, "cache_kv"):
      self.cache_kv = Tensor.zeros(2, bsz, MAX_CONTEXT, self.n_heads, self.head_dim, dtype=x.dtype)

    keys = self.cache_kv[0].shrink((None, (0, start_pos), None, None)).cat(xk, dim=1)
    values = self.cache_kv[1].shrink((None, (0, start_pos), None, None)).cat(xv, dim=1)

    # update the cache
    new_cache = Tensor.stack([keys, values]).pad((None, None,(0,MAX_CONTEXT-start_pos-seqlen),None,None)).contiguous()
    self.cache_kv.assign(new_cache).realize()

    xq, keys, values = xq.transpose(1, 2), keys.transpose(1, 2), values.transpose(1, 2)
    return self.c_proj(xq.scaled_dot_product_attention(keys, values, mask).cast(dtypes.float32).transpose(1, 2).reshape(bsz, seqlen, -1))

class FeedForward:
  def __init__(self, dim, hidden_dim):
    self.c_fc = Linear(dim, hidden_dim, bias=True)
    self.c_proj = Linear(hidden_dim, dim, bias=True)

  def __call__(self, x:Tensor) -> Tensor:
    return self.c_proj(self.c_fc(x).gelu())

class TransformerBlock:
  def __init__(self, dim, n_heads, norm_eps):
    self.attn = Attention(dim, n_heads)
    self.mlp = FeedForward(dim, 4*dim)
    self.ln_1 = LayerNorm(dim, norm_eps)
    self.ln_2 = LayerNorm(dim, norm_eps)

  def __call__(self, x:Tensor, start_pos:Variable, mask:Optional[Tensor]):
    h = x + self.attn(self.ln_1(x), start_pos, mask)
    return (h + self.mlp(self.ln_2(h)))

class Transformer:
  def __init__(self, dim, n_heads, n_layers, norm_eps, vocab_size, max_seq_len=1024):
    self.wte = Embedding(vocab_size, dim)
    self.wpe = Embedding(max_seq_len, dim)
    self.h = [TransformerBlock(dim, n_heads, norm_eps) for _ in range(n_layers)]
    self.ln_f = LayerNorm(dim, norm_eps)
    self.lm_head = Linear(dim, vocab_size, bias=False)
    self.forward_jit = TinyJit(self.forward)

  def forward(self, tokens:Union[Tensor,Variable], start_pos:Variable, temperature:float=0.0):
    if not hasattr(self, 'allpos'): self.allpos = Tensor.arange(0, MAX_CONTEXT).reshape(1, -1).realize()
    if isinstance(tokens, Variable):
      seqlen = 1
      tok_emb = self.wte.weight.shrink(((tokens, tokens+1), None))
    else:
      seqlen = tokens.shape[1]
      tok_emb = self.wte(tokens)

    pos_emb = self.wpe(self.allpos.shrink((None, (start_pos, start_pos+seqlen))))
    h = tok_emb + pos_emb

    if HALF: h = h.half()

    mask = Tensor.full((1, 1, seqlen, start_pos.val+seqlen), float("-inf"), dtype=h.dtype).triu(start_pos.val+1).realize() if seqlen > 1 else None

    for hi in self.h: h = hi(h, start_pos, mask)

    logits = self.lm_head(self.ln_f(h))
    # NOTE: temperature=0 with HALF breaks due to precision, should use argmax instead
    ret = (logits[:, -1, :] / (temperature+1e-6)).softmax()
    return ret.half().realize() if HALF else ret.realize()

  # TODO: fix empty token
  def __call__(self, tokens:Tensor, start_pos:Variable, temperature:float=0.0) -> Tensor:
    return (self.forward_jit if (isinstance(tokens, Variable) or tokens.shape[1] == 1) and getenv("JIT") else self.forward)(tokens, start_pos, temperature)

VOCAB_SIZE = 50257
MODEL_PARAMS = {
  'gpt2':         dict(n_layers=12, n_heads=12, dim=768, norm_eps=1e-5, vocab_size=VOCAB_SIZE),   # 124M params
  'gpt2-medium':  dict(n_layers=24, n_heads=16, dim=1024, norm_eps=1e-5, vocab_size=VOCAB_SIZE),  # 350M params
  'gpt2-large':   dict(n_layers=36, n_heads=20, dim=1280, norm_eps=1e-5, vocab_size=VOCAB_SIZE),  # 774M params
  'gpt2-xl':      dict(n_layers=48, n_heads=25, dim=1600, norm_eps=1e-5, vocab_size=VOCAB_SIZE),  # 1558M params
}

class GPT2:
  @staticmethod
  def build(model_size="gpt2"):
    tokenizer = tiktoken.get_encoding("gpt2")

    model = Transformer(**MODEL_PARAMS[model_size])
    weights = torch_load(fetch(f'https://huggingface.co/{model_size}/resolve/main/pytorch_model.bin'))
    # special treatment for the Conv1D weights we need to transpose
    transposed = ['attn.c_attn.weight', 'attn.c_proj.weight', 'mlp.c_fc.weight', 'mlp.c_proj.weight']
    for k in weights.keys():
      if any(k.endswith(w) for w in transposed):
        weights[k] = weights[k].to(Device.DEFAULT).T
    # lm head and wte are tied
    weights['lm_head.weight'] = Tensor(weights['wte.weight'].numpy())

    load_state_dict(model, weights)
    return GPT2(model, tokenizer)

  def __init__(self, model, tokenizer):
    self.model = model
    self.tokenizer = tokenizer

  def generate(self, prompt:str, max_length:int, temperature:float, timing:bool=False, batch_size:int=1):
    prompt_tokens = self.tokenizer.encode(prompt, allowed_special={"<|endoftext|>"})
    toks = [prompt_tokens[:] for _ in range(batch_size)]
    start_pos = 0
    for _ in trange(max_length, disable=(timing==True)):
      GlobalCounters.reset()
      if timing: print("")
      st = GlobalCounters.time_sum_s
      with Timing("total ", enabled=timing):
        with Timing("ran model in ", on_exit=(lambda et: (f", {(GlobalCounters.time_sum_s-st)*1e3:.2f} ms on GPU" if DEBUG>=2 else "")+
                    f", {GlobalCounters.global_ops*1e-9:.2f} GOPS, {GlobalCounters.global_mem*1e-9:.2f} GB"+
                    (f", {GlobalCounters.global_mem*1e-9/(GlobalCounters.time_sum_s-st):.2f} GB/s" if DEBUG>=2 else "")) if DEBUG else None, enabled=timing):
          if batch_size == 1 and len(toks[0][start_pos:]) == 1:
            tokens = Variable("tokens", 0, VOCAB_SIZE).bind(toks[0][start_pos])
          else:
            tokens = Tensor([x[start_pos:] for x in toks])
          probs = self.model(tokens, Variable("start_pos", 1 if start_pos else 0, MAX_CONTEXT).bind(start_pos), temperature)
        # TODO: fix JIT rand so we can put this in the JIT
        tok = probs.multinomial().flatten().numpy().tolist()
      start_pos = len(toks[0])
      for i,t in enumerate(tok): toks[i].append(t)
    return [self.tokenizer.decode(x) for x in toks]

# **** main code ****

if __name__ == "__main__":
  Tensor.no_grad = True
  print(f"using {Device.DEFAULT} backend")
  default_prompt = "What is the answer to life, the universe, and everything?"

  parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Run GPT2 in tinygrad', formatter_class=argparse.ArgumentDefaultsHelpFormatter)
  parser.add_argument('--prompt', type=str, default=default_prompt, help="Phrase to start with")
  parser.add_argument('--count', type=int, default=100, help="Max number of tokens to generate")
  parser.add_argument('--temperature', type=float, default=0.8, help="Temperature in the softmax")
  parser.add_argument('--model_size', type=str, default="gpt2-medium", help="Size of model to use [gpt2, gpt2-medium, gpt2-large, gpt2-xl]")
  parser.add_argument('--timing', action='store_true', help="Print timing per token")
  parser.add_argument('--seed', type=int, help="Set the random seed")
  parser.add_argument('--batch_size', type=int, default=1, help="Set the input batch size")
  parser.add_argument('--benchmark', type=int, default=-1, help="Benchmark GPT with the given number of tokens")
  parser.add_argument('--noshow', action='store_true', help="Don't show the output")
  args = parser.parse_args()

  if args.seed is not None:
    Tensor._seed = args.seed
    np.random.seed(args.seed)

  print(f"using {args.model_size}")
  gpt2 = GPT2.build(args.model_size)

  if HALF:
    for l in get_state_dict(gpt2).values():
      l.assign(l.half().realize())

  if args.benchmark != -1:
    gpt2.model(Tensor.rand(args.batch_size, args.benchmark), Variable("a", 0, MAX_CONTEXT).bind(0)).realize()
  else:
    texts = gpt2.generate(args.prompt, args.count, args.temperature, timing=args.timing, batch_size=args.batch_size)
    if not args.noshow:
      print('Generating text...')
      if len(texts) == 1: print(texts[0])
      else:
        for i,text in enumerate(texts): print(colored(f"Response {i}:", "green"), text)

    # validate output!
    if args.temperature == 0 and args.model_size == "gpt2-medium" and args.count == 10:
      expected = {
        default_prompt: "What is the answer to life, the universe, and everything?\n\nThe answer is that we are all one",
        "Hello.": "Hello. I'm a little late to the party, but",
      }
      try:
        assert texts[0] == expected[args.prompt]
        print(colored("output validated", "green"))
      except KeyError:
        pass