diff --git a/src/back/glsl/features.rs b/src/back/glsl/features.rs
index 345d514366..408046fc8e 100644
--- a/src/back/glsl/features.rs
+++ b/src/back/glsl/features.rs
@@ -404,7 +404,7 @@ impl<'a, W> Writer<'a, W> {
             _ => {
                 if let Some(binding) = binding {
                     match *binding {
-                        Binding::BuiltIn { built_in, .. } => match built_in {
+                        Binding::BuiltIn(built_in) => match built_in {
                             crate::BuiltIn::ClipDistance => {
                                 self.features.request(Features::CLIP_DISTANCE)
                             }
diff --git a/src/back/glsl/mod.rs b/src/back/glsl/mod.rs
index 5ec9f4f615..b5750fb941 100644
--- a/src/back/glsl/mod.rs
+++ b/src/back/glsl/mod.rs
@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ impl fmt::Display for VaryingName<'_> {
                 };
                 write!(f, "_{}_location{}", prefix, location,)
             }
-            crate::Binding::BuiltIn { built_in, .. } => {
+            crate::Binding::BuiltIn(built_in) => {
                 write!(f, "{}", glsl_built_in(built_in, self.output))
             }
         }
@@ -1170,11 +1170,8 @@ impl<'a, W: Write> Writer<'a, W> {
                 interpolation,
                 sampling,
             } => (location, interpolation, sampling),
-            crate::Binding::BuiltIn {
-                built_in,
-                invariant,
-            } => {
-                if invariant {
+            crate::Binding::BuiltIn(built_in) => {
+                if let crate::BuiltIn::Position { invariant: true } = built_in {
                     writeln!(self.out, "invariant {};", glsl_built_in(built_in, output))?;
                 }
                 return Ok(());
@@ -1830,10 +1827,8 @@ impl<'a, W: Write> Writer<'a, W> {
 
                                     for (index, member) in members.iter().enumerate() {
                                         // TODO: handle builtin in better way
-                                        if let Some(crate::Binding::BuiltIn {
-                                            built_in: builtin,
-                                            ..
-                                        }) = member.binding
+                                        if let Some(crate::Binding::BuiltIn(builtin)) =
+                                            member.binding
                                         {
                                             match builtin {
                                                 crate::BuiltIn::ClipDistance
@@ -3170,7 +3165,7 @@ fn glsl_built_in(built_in: crate::BuiltIn, output: bool) -> &'static str {
     use crate::BuiltIn as Bi;
 
     match built_in {
-        Bi::Position => {
+        Bi::Position { .. } => {
             if output {
                 "gl_Position"
             } else {
diff --git a/src/back/hlsl/conv.rs b/src/back/hlsl/conv.rs
index 547b7632f0..d799c0b981 100644
--- a/src/back/hlsl/conv.rs
+++ b/src/back/hlsl/conv.rs
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ impl crate::StorageFormat {
 impl crate::BuiltIn {
     pub(super) fn to_hlsl_str(self) -> Result<&'static str, Error> {
         Ok(match self {
-            Self::Position => "SV_Position",
+            Self::Position { .. } => "SV_Position",
             // vertex
             Self::ClipDistance => "SV_ClipDistance",
             Self::CullDistance => "SV_CullDistance",
diff --git a/src/back/hlsl/writer.rs b/src/back/hlsl/writer.rs
index b3e61e7f53..3338c652a2 100644
--- a/src/back/hlsl/writer.rs
+++ b/src/back/hlsl/writer.rs
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ impl InterfaceKey {
     fn new(binding: Option<&crate::Binding>) -> Self {
         match binding {
             Some(&crate::Binding::Location { location, .. }) => Self::Location(location),
-            Some(&crate::Binding::BuiltIn { built_in, .. }) => Self::BuiltIn(built_in),
+            Some(&crate::Binding::BuiltIn(built_in)) => Self::BuiltIn(built_in),
             None => Self::Other,
         }
     }
@@ -309,9 +309,7 @@ impl<'a, W: fmt::Write> super::Writer<'a, W> {
 
     fn write_modifier(&mut self, binding: &crate::Binding) -> BackendResult {
         match *binding {
-            crate::Binding::BuiltIn {
-                invariant: true, ..
-            } => {
+            crate::Binding::BuiltIn(crate::BuiltIn::Position { invariant: true }) => {
                 write!(self.out, "precise ")?;
             }
             crate::Binding::Location {
@@ -345,9 +343,7 @@ impl<'a, W: fmt::Write> super::Writer<'a, W> {
         stage: Option<(ShaderStage, Io)>,
     ) -> BackendResult {
         match *binding {
-            crate::Binding::BuiltIn {
-                built_in: builtin, ..
-            } => {
+            crate::Binding::BuiltIn(builtin) => {
                 let builtin_str = builtin.to_hlsl_str()?;
                 write!(self.out, " : {}", builtin_str)?;
             }
@@ -963,9 +959,9 @@ impl<'a, W: fmt::Write> super::Writer<'a, W> {
         if let Some(crate::FunctionResult {
             binding:
                 Some(
-                    ref binding @ crate::Binding::BuiltIn {
-                        invariant: true, ..
-                    },
+                    ref binding @ crate::Binding::BuiltIn(crate::BuiltIn::Position {
+                        invariant: true,
+                    }),
                 ),
             ..
         }) = func.result
diff --git a/src/back/mod.rs b/src/back/mod.rs
index 0dc010f1b7..9802e5acfe 100644
--- a/src/back/mod.rs
+++ b/src/back/mod.rs
@@ -96,14 +96,14 @@ impl<'a> FunctionCtx<'_> {
             match self.expressions[expression] {
                 crate::Expression::FunctionArgument(arg_index) => {
                     return match ep_function.arguments[arg_index as usize].binding {
-                        Some(crate::Binding::BuiltIn { built_in: bi, .. }) => Some(bi),
+                        Some(crate::Binding::BuiltIn(bi)) => Some(bi),
                         _ => built_in,
                     };
                 }
                 crate::Expression::AccessIndex { base, index } => {
                     match *self.info[base].ty.inner_with(&module.types) {
                         crate::TypeInner::Struct { ref members, .. } => {
-                            if let Some(crate::Binding::BuiltIn { built_in: bi, .. }) =
+                            if let Some(crate::Binding::BuiltIn(bi)) =
                                 members[index as usize].binding
                             {
                                 built_in = Some(bi);
diff --git a/src/back/msl/mod.rs b/src/back/msl/mod.rs
index e4b323e686..28cff04762 100644
--- a/src/back/msl/mod.rs
+++ b/src/back/msl/mod.rs
@@ -100,10 +100,7 @@ impl ops::Index<crate::ShaderStage> for PerStageMap {
 }
 
 enum ResolvedBinding {
-    BuiltIn {
-        built_in: crate::BuiltIn,
-        invariant: bool,
-    },
+    BuiltIn(crate::BuiltIn),
     Attribute(u32),
     Color(u32),
     User {
@@ -241,20 +238,20 @@ impl Options {
         mode: LocationMode,
     ) -> Result<ResolvedBinding, Error> {
         match *binding {
-            crate::Binding::BuiltIn {
-                built_in,
-                invariant,
-            } => {
-                if invariant && self.lang_version < (2, 1) {
-                    return Err(Error::UnsupportedAttribute("invariant".to_string()));
+            crate::Binding::BuiltIn(mut built_in) => {
+                if let crate::BuiltIn::Position { ref mut invariant } = built_in {
+                    if *invariant && self.lang_version < (2, 1) {
+                        return Err(Error::UnsupportedAttribute("invariant".to_string()));
+                    }
+
+                    // The 'invariant' attribute may only appear on vertex
+                    // shader outputs, not fragment shader inputs.
+                    if !matches!(mode, LocationMode::VertexOutput) {
+                        *invariant = false;
+                    }
                 }
 
-                // The 'invariant' attribute can only appear on vertex
-                // shader outputs, but not fragment shader inputs.
-                Ok(ResolvedBinding::BuiltIn {
-                    built_in,
-                    invariant: invariant && matches!(mode, LocationMode::VertexOutput),
-                })
+                Ok(ResolvedBinding::BuiltIn(built_in))
             }
             crate::Binding::Location {
                 location,
@@ -369,13 +366,11 @@ impl ResolvedBinding {
     fn try_fmt<W: Write>(&self, out: &mut W) -> Result<(), Error> {
         write!(out, " [[")?;
         match *self {
-            Self::BuiltIn {
-                built_in,
-                invariant,
-            } => {
+            Self::BuiltIn(built_in) => {
                 use crate::BuiltIn as Bi;
                 let name = match built_in {
-                    Bi::Position => "position",
+                    Bi::Position { invariant: false } => "position",
+                    Bi::Position { invariant: true } => "position, invariant",
                     // vertex
                     Bi::BaseInstance => "base_instance",
                     Bi::BaseVertex => "base_vertex",
@@ -401,10 +396,6 @@ impl ResolvedBinding {
                     }
                 };
                 write!(out, "{}", name)?;
-
-                if invariant {
-                    write!(out, ", invariant")?;
-                }
             }
             Self::Attribute(index) => write!(out, "attribute({})", index)?,
             Self::Color(index) => write!(out, "color({})", index)?,
diff --git a/src/back/msl/writer.rs b/src/back/msl/writer.rs
index 9d591b6ebf..3d1a109725 100644
--- a/src/back/msl/writer.rs
+++ b/src/back/msl/writer.rs
@@ -2136,19 +2136,13 @@ impl<W: Write> Writer<W> {
 
                         for (index, member) in members.iter().enumerate() {
                             match member.binding {
-                                Some(crate::Binding::BuiltIn {
-                                    built_in: crate::BuiltIn::PointSize,
-                                    ..
-                                }) => {
+                                Some(crate::Binding::BuiltIn(crate::BuiltIn::PointSize)) => {
                                     has_point_size = true;
                                     if !context.pipeline_options.allow_point_size {
                                         continue;
                                     }
                                 }
-                                Some(crate::Binding::BuiltIn {
-                                    built_in: crate::BuiltIn::CullDistance,
-                                    ..
-                                }) => {
+                                Some(crate::Binding::BuiltIn(crate::BuiltIn::CullDistance)) => {
                                     log::warn!("Ignoring CullDistance built-in");
                                     continue;
                                 }
@@ -3437,10 +3431,7 @@ impl<W: Write> Writer<W> {
                         match *binding {
                             // Point size is only supported in VS of pipelines with
                             // point primitive topology.
-                            crate::Binding::BuiltIn {
-                                built_in: crate::BuiltIn::PointSize,
-                                ..
-                            } => {
+                            crate::Binding::BuiltIn(crate::BuiltIn::PointSize) => {
                                 has_point_size = true;
                                 if !pipeline_options.allow_point_size {
                                     continue;
@@ -3450,10 +3441,7 @@ impl<W: Write> Writer<W> {
                             // But we can't return UnsupportedBuiltIn error to user.
                             // Because otherwise we can't generate msl shader from any glslang SPIR-V shaders.
                             // glslang generates gl_PerVertex struct with gl_CullDistance builtin inside by default.
-                            crate::Binding::BuiltIn {
-                                built_in: crate::BuiltIn::CullDistance,
-                                ..
-                            } => {
+                            crate::Binding::BuiltIn(crate::BuiltIn::CullDistance) => {
                                 log::warn!("Ignoring CullDistance BuiltIn");
                                 continue;
                             }
diff --git a/src/back/spv/block.rs b/src/back/spv/block.rs
index 0ab9c4a71f..15bd07bea0 100644
--- a/src/back/spv/block.rs
+++ b/src/back/spv/block.rs
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ impl Writer {
             body.push(Instruction::store(res_member.id, member_value_id, None));
 
             match res_member.built_in {
-                Some(crate::BuiltIn::Position)
+                Some(crate::BuiltIn::Position { .. })
                     if self.flags.contains(WriterFlags::ADJUST_COORDINATE_SPACE) =>
                 {
                     self.write_epilogue_position_y_flip(res_member.id, body)?;
diff --git a/src/back/spv/helpers.rs b/src/back/spv/helpers.rs
index 5580fec2c7..acde9504d9 100644
--- a/src/back/spv/helpers.rs
+++ b/src/back/spv/helpers.rs
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ pub(super) fn contains_builtin(
     arena: &UniqueArena<crate::Type>,
     built_in: crate::BuiltIn,
 ) -> bool {
-    if let Some(&crate::Binding::BuiltIn { built_in: bi, .. }) = binding {
+    if let Some(&crate::Binding::BuiltIn(bi)) = binding {
         bi == built_in
     } else if let crate::TypeInner::Struct { ref members, .. } = arena[ty].inner {
         members
diff --git a/src/back/spv/writer.rs b/src/back/spv/writer.rs
index 88d70345f5..19d788b8a6 100644
--- a/src/back/spv/writer.rs
+++ b/src/back/spv/writer.rs
@@ -398,11 +398,8 @@ impl Writer {
                     let mut has_point_size = false;
                     let class = spirv::StorageClass::Output;
                     if let Some(ref binding) = result.binding {
-                        has_point_size |= *binding
-                            == crate::Binding::BuiltIn {
-                                built_in: crate::BuiltIn::PointSize,
-                                invariant: false,
-                            };
+                        has_point_size |=
+                            *binding == crate::Binding::BuiltIn(crate::BuiltIn::PointSize);
                         let type_id = self.get_type_id(LookupType::Handle(result.ty));
                         let varying_id =
                             self.write_varying(ir_module, class, None, result.ty, binding)?;
@@ -419,11 +416,8 @@ impl Writer {
                             let type_id = self.get_type_id(LookupType::Handle(member.ty));
                             let name = member.name.as_ref().map(AsRef::as_ref);
                             let binding = member.binding.as_ref().unwrap();
-                            has_point_size |= *binding
-                                == crate::Binding::BuiltIn {
-                                    built_in: crate::BuiltIn::PointSize,
-                                    invariant: false,
-                                };
+                            has_point_size |=
+                                *binding == crate::Binding::BuiltIn(crate::BuiltIn::PointSize);
                             let varying_id =
                                 self.write_varying(ir_module, class, name, member.ty, binding)?;
                             iface.varying_ids.push(varying_id);
@@ -1180,13 +1174,14 @@ impl Writer {
                     }
                 }
             }
-            crate::Binding::BuiltIn {
-                built_in,
-                invariant,
-            } => {
+            crate::Binding::BuiltIn(built_in) => {
                 use crate::BuiltIn as Bi;
                 let built_in = match built_in {
-                    Bi::Position => {
+                    Bi::Position { invariant } => {
+                        if invariant {
+                            self.decorate(id, Decoration::Invariant, &[]);
+                        }
+
                         if class == spirv::StorageClass::Output {
                             BuiltIn::Position
                         } else {
@@ -1234,10 +1229,6 @@ impl Writer {
                 };
 
                 self.decorate(id, Decoration::BuiltIn, &[built_in as u32]);
-
-                if invariant {
-                    self.decorate(id, Decoration::Invariant, &[]);
-                }
             }
         }
 
@@ -1365,13 +1356,7 @@ impl Writer {
                 crate::TypeInner::Struct { ref members, .. } => members.iter().any(|member| {
                     has_view_index_check(ir_module, member.binding.as_ref(), member.ty)
                 }),
-                _ => {
-                    binding
-                        == Some(&crate::Binding::BuiltIn {
-                            built_in: crate::BuiltIn::ViewIndex,
-                            invariant: false,
-                        })
-                }
+                _ => binding == Some(&crate::Binding::BuiltIn(crate::BuiltIn::ViewIndex)),
             }
         }
 
diff --git a/src/back/wgsl/writer.rs b/src/back/wgsl/writer.rs
index 1b03665722..ef93192d08 100644
--- a/src/back/wgsl/writer.rs
+++ b/src/back/wgsl/writer.rs
@@ -402,7 +402,7 @@ impl<W: Write> Writer<W> {
         writeln!(self.out)?;
         for (index, member) in members.iter().enumerate() {
             // Skip struct member with unsupported built in
-            if let Some(crate::Binding::BuiltIn { built_in, .. }) = member.binding {
+            if let Some(crate::Binding::BuiltIn(built_in)) = member.binding {
                 if builtin_str(built_in).is_none() {
                     log::warn!("Skip member with unsupported builtin {:?}", built_in);
                     continue;
@@ -1747,7 +1747,7 @@ impl<W: Write> Writer<W> {
 
                 // Write the comma separated constants
                 for (index, constant) in components.iter().enumerate() {
-                    if let Some(&crate::Binding::BuiltIn { built_in, .. }) =
+                    if let Some(&crate::Binding::BuiltIn(built_in)) =
                         members.and_then(|members| members.get(index)?.binding.as_ref())
                     {
                         if builtin_str(built_in).is_none() {
@@ -1849,7 +1849,7 @@ fn builtin_str(built_in: crate::BuiltIn) -> Option<&'static str> {
     match built_in {
         Bi::VertexIndex => Some("vertex_index"),
         Bi::InstanceIndex => Some("instance_index"),
-        Bi::Position => Some("position"),
+        Bi::Position { .. } => Some("position"),
         Bi::FrontFacing => Some("front_facing"),
         Bi::FragDepth => Some("frag_depth"),
         Bi::LocalInvocationId => Some("local_invocation_id"),
@@ -1977,11 +1977,8 @@ fn map_binding_to_attribute(
     scalar_kind: Option<crate::ScalarKind>,
 ) -> Vec<Attribute> {
     match *binding {
-        crate::Binding::BuiltIn {
-            built_in,
-            invariant,
-        } => {
-            if invariant {
+        crate::Binding::BuiltIn(built_in) => {
+            if let crate::BuiltIn::Position { invariant: true } = built_in {
                 vec![Attribute::BuiltIn(built_in), Attribute::Invariant]
             } else {
                 vec![Attribute::BuiltIn(built_in)]
@@ -2017,8 +2014,7 @@ fn access_to_unsupported_builtin(
     {
         // Let's check that we try to access a struct member with unsupported built-in and skip it.
         if let TypeInner::Struct { ref members, .. } = module.types[pointer_base_handle].inner {
-            if let Some(crate::Binding::BuiltIn { built_in, .. }) = members[index as usize].binding
-            {
+            if let Some(crate::Binding::BuiltIn(built_in)) = members[index as usize].binding {
                 if builtin_str(built_in).is_none() {
                     log::warn!("Skip component with unsupported builtin {:?}", built_in);
                     return true;
diff --git a/src/front/glsl/variables.rs b/src/front/glsl/variables.rs
index 02995e2bb3..0e446a9a76 100644
--- a/src/front/glsl/variables.rs
+++ b/src/front/glsl/variables.rs
@@ -67,10 +67,7 @@ impl Parser {
         let idx = self.entry_args.len();
         self.entry_args.push(EntryArg {
             name: None,
-            binding: Binding::BuiltIn {
-                built_in: data.builtin,
-                invariant: false,
-            },
+            binding: Binding::BuiltIn(data.builtin),
             handle,
             storage: data.storage,
         });
@@ -120,7 +117,7 @@ impl Parser {
                     kind: ScalarKind::Float,
                     width: 4,
                 },
-                builtin: BuiltIn::Position,
+                builtin: BuiltIn::Position { invariant: false },
                 mutable: true,
                 storage: StorageQualifier::Output,
             },
@@ -130,7 +127,7 @@ impl Parser {
                     kind: ScalarKind::Float,
                     width: 4,
                 },
-                builtin: BuiltIn::Position,
+                builtin: BuiltIn::Position { invariant: false },
                 mutable: false,
                 storage: StorageQualifier::Input,
             },
@@ -240,11 +237,10 @@ impl Parser {
     ) {
         if let Some(var) = self.lookup_variable(ctx, body, name, meta) {
             if let Some(index) = var.entry_arg {
-                if let Binding::BuiltIn { built_in, .. } = self.entry_args[index].binding {
-                    self.entry_args[index].binding = Binding::BuiltIn {
-                        built_in,
-                        invariant: built_in == BuiltIn::Position,
-                    };
+                if let Binding::BuiltIn(BuiltIn::Position { ref mut invariant }) =
+                    self.entry_args[index].binding
+                {
+                    *invariant = true;
                 }
             }
         }
diff --git a/src/front/spv/convert.rs b/src/front/spv/convert.rs
index 22283fff06..9ffc3880d9 100644
--- a/src/front/spv/convert.rs
+++ b/src/front/spv/convert.rs
@@ -121,10 +121,10 @@ pub(super) fn map_width(word: spirv::Word) -> Result<crate::Bytes, Error> {
         .map_err(|_| Error::InvalidTypeWidth(word))
 }
 
-pub(super) fn map_builtin(word: spirv::Word) -> Result<crate::BuiltIn, Error> {
+pub(super) fn map_builtin(word: spirv::Word, invariant: bool) -> Result<crate::BuiltIn, Error> {
     use spirv::BuiltIn as Bi;
     Ok(match spirv::BuiltIn::from_u32(word) {
-        Some(Bi::Position) | Some(Bi::FragCoord) => crate::BuiltIn::Position,
+        Some(Bi::Position) | Some(Bi::FragCoord) => crate::BuiltIn::Position { invariant },
         Some(Bi::ViewIndex) => crate::BuiltIn::ViewIndex,
         // vertex
         Some(Bi::BaseInstance) => crate::BuiltIn::BaseInstance,
diff --git a/src/front/spv/function.rs b/src/front/spv/function.rs
index b8e6c6615c..c57695601f 100644
--- a/src/front/spv/function.rs
+++ b/src/front/spv/function.rs
@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ impl<I: Iterator<Item = u32>> super::Parser<I> {
                         } => {
                             for (index, sm) in sub_members.iter().enumerate() {
                                 match sm.binding {
-                                    Some(crate::Binding::BuiltIn { built_in, .. }) => {
+                                    Some(crate::Binding::BuiltIn(built_in)) => {
                                         // Cull unused builtins to preserve performances
                                         if !self.builtin_usage.contains(&built_in) {
                                             continue;
@@ -414,10 +414,9 @@ impl<I: Iterator<Item = u32>> super::Parser<I> {
 
             for (member_index, member) in members.iter().enumerate() {
                 match member.binding {
-                    Some(crate::Binding::BuiltIn {
-                        built_in: crate::BuiltIn::Position,
-                        ..
-                    }) if self.options.adjust_coordinate_space => {
+                    Some(crate::Binding::BuiltIn(crate::BuiltIn::Position { .. }))
+                        if self.options.adjust_coordinate_space =>
+                    {
                         let mut emitter = Emitter::default();
                         emitter.start(&function.expressions);
                         let global_expr = components[member_index];
diff --git a/src/front/spv/mod.rs b/src/front/spv/mod.rs
index 9c963fa04d..6c270dcbb7 100644
--- a/src/front/spv/mod.rs
+++ b/src/front/spv/mod.rs
@@ -235,10 +235,7 @@ impl Decoration {
                 location: None,
                 invariant,
                 ..
-            } => map_builtin(built_in).map(|built_in| crate::Binding::BuiltIn {
-                built_in,
-                invariant: invariant && built_in == crate::BuiltIn::Position,
-            }),
+            } => Ok(crate::Binding::BuiltIn(map_builtin(built_in, invariant)?)),
             Decoration {
                 built_in: None,
                 location: Some(location),
@@ -1475,7 +1472,7 @@ impl<I: Iterator<Item = u32>> Parser<I> {
                                     span,
                                 );
 
-                                if let Some(crate::Binding::BuiltIn { built_in, .. }) =
+                                if let Some(crate::Binding::BuiltIn(built_in)) =
                                     members[index as usize].binding
                                 {
                                     self.builtin_usage.insert(built_in);
@@ -4646,7 +4643,7 @@ impl<I: Iterator<Item = u32>> Parser<I> {
             ExtendedClass::Input => {
                 let mut binding = dec.io_binding()?;
                 let mut unsigned_ty = effective_ty;
-                if let crate::Binding::BuiltIn { built_in, .. } = binding {
+                if let crate::Binding::BuiltIn(built_in) = binding {
                     let needs_inner_uint = match built_in {
                         crate::BuiltIn::BaseInstance
                         | crate::BuiltIn::BaseVertex
@@ -4699,7 +4696,7 @@ impl<I: Iterator<Item = u32>> Parser<I> {
                 // For output interface blocks, this would be a structure.
                 let mut binding = dec.io_binding().ok();
                 let init = match binding {
-                    Some(crate::Binding::BuiltIn { built_in, .. }) => {
+                    Some(crate::Binding::BuiltIn(built_in)) => {
                         match null::generate_default_built_in(
                             Some(built_in),
                             effective_ty,
@@ -4722,9 +4719,7 @@ impl<I: Iterator<Item = u32>> Parser<I> {
                                 .iter()
                                 .map(|member| {
                                     let built_in = match member.binding {
-                                        Some(crate::Binding::BuiltIn { built_in, .. }) => {
-                                            Some(built_in)
-                                        }
+                                        Some(crate::Binding::BuiltIn(built_in)) => Some(built_in),
                                         _ => None,
                                     };
                                     (built_in, member.ty)
diff --git a/src/front/spv/null.rs b/src/front/spv/null.rs
index 5d40dfa913..b0a8579a2f 100644
--- a/src/front/spv/null.rs
+++ b/src/front/spv/null.rs
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ pub fn generate_default_built_in(
     span: crate::Span,
 ) -> Result<Handle<crate::Constant>, Error> {
     let inner = match built_in {
-        Some(crate::BuiltIn::Position) => {
+        Some(crate::BuiltIn::Position { .. }) => {
             let zero = constant_arena.fetch_or_append(
                 crate::Constant {
                     name: None,
diff --git a/src/front/wgsl/conv.rs b/src/front/wgsl/conv.rs
index 3039d98fe9..6d4dd954a7 100644
--- a/src/front/wgsl/conv.rs
+++ b/src/front/wgsl/conv.rs
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ pub fn map_address_space(word: &str, span: Span) -> Result<crate::AddressSpace,
 
 pub fn map_built_in(word: &str, span: Span) -> Result<crate::BuiltIn, Error<'_>> {
     Ok(match word {
-        "position" => crate::BuiltIn::Position,
+        "position" => crate::BuiltIn::Position { invariant: false },
         // vertex
         "vertex_index" => crate::BuiltIn::VertexIndex,
         "instance_index" => crate::BuiltIn::InstanceIndex,
diff --git a/src/front/wgsl/mod.rs b/src/front/wgsl/mod.rs
index a41f217334..511f6b66f9 100644
--- a/src/front/wgsl/mod.rs
+++ b/src/front/wgsl/mod.rs
@@ -1254,16 +1254,14 @@ impl BindingParser {
                     sampling,
                 }))
             }
-            (None, Some(crate::BuiltIn::Position), None, None, true) => {
-                Ok(Some(crate::Binding::BuiltIn {
-                    built_in: crate::BuiltIn::Position,
-                    invariant: true,
-                }))
+            (None, Some(crate::BuiltIn::Position { .. }), None, None, invariant) => {
+                Ok(Some(crate::Binding::BuiltIn(crate::BuiltIn::Position {
+                    invariant,
+                })))
+            }
+            (None, Some(built_in), None, None, false) => {
+                Ok(Some(crate::Binding::BuiltIn(built_in)))
             }
-            (None, Some(built_in), None, None, false) => Ok(Some(crate::Binding::BuiltIn {
-                built_in,
-                invariant: false,
-            })),
             (_, _, _, _, _) => Err(Error::InconsistentBinding(span)),
         }
     }
diff --git a/src/lib.rs b/src/lib.rs
index a90673895b..5ab1449fd9 100644
--- a/src/lib.rs
+++ b/src/lib.rs
@@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ pub enum AddressSpace {
 #[cfg_attr(feature = "deserialize", derive(Deserialize))]
 #[cfg_attr(feature = "arbitrary", derive(Arbitrary))]
 pub enum BuiltIn {
-    Position,
+    Position { invariant: bool },
     ViewIndex,
     // vertex
     BaseInstance,
@@ -748,11 +748,7 @@ pub enum ConstantInner {
 #[cfg_attr(feature = "arbitrary", derive(Arbitrary))]
 pub enum Binding {
     /// Built-in shader variable.
-    BuiltIn {
-        built_in: BuiltIn,
-        /// can only be `true` for [`BuiltIn::Position`]
-        invariant: bool,
-    },
+    BuiltIn(BuiltIn),
 
     /// Indexed location.
     ///
diff --git a/src/proc/mod.rs b/src/proc/mod.rs
index 4e11a24e14..bc15268f4d 100644
--- a/src/proc/mod.rs
+++ b/src/proc/mod.rs
@@ -390,7 +390,7 @@ impl crate::Constant {
 impl crate::Binding {
     pub fn to_built_in(&self) -> Option<crate::BuiltIn> {
         match *self {
-            crate::Binding::BuiltIn { built_in, .. } => Some(built_in),
+            crate::Binding::BuiltIn(built_in) => Some(built_in),
             Self::Location { .. } => None,
         }
     }
diff --git a/src/valid/analyzer.rs b/src/valid/analyzer.rs
index 7a31c32601..28a0f8a8ab 100644
--- a/src/valid/analyzer.rs
+++ b/src/valid/analyzer.rs
@@ -455,7 +455,7 @@ impl FunctionInfo {
             E::FunctionArgument(index) => {
                 let arg = &resolve_context.arguments[index as usize];
                 let uniform = match arg.binding {
-                    Some(crate::Binding::BuiltIn { built_in, .. }) => match built_in {
+                    Some(crate::Binding::BuiltIn(built_in)) => match built_in {
                         // per-polygon built-ins are uniform
                         crate::BuiltIn::FrontFacing
                         // per-work-group built-ins are uniform
diff --git a/src/valid/interface.rs b/src/valid/interface.rs
index eb2471a7ba..edaf7cca83 100644
--- a/src/valid/interface.rs
+++ b/src/valid/interface.rs
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ struct VaryingContext<'a> {
     output: bool,
     types: &'a UniqueArena<crate::Type>,
     location_mask: &'a mut BitSet,
-    built_in_mask: u32,
+    built_ins: &'a mut crate::FastHashSet<crate::BuiltIn>,
     capabilities: Capabilities,
 }
 
@@ -115,12 +115,19 @@ impl VaryingContext<'_> {
 
         let ty_inner = &self.types[self.ty].inner;
         match *binding {
-            crate::Binding::BuiltIn { built_in, .. } => {
-                let bit = 1 << built_in as u32;
-                if self.built_in_mask & bit != 0 {
+            crate::Binding::BuiltIn(built_in) => {
+                // Ignore the `invariant` field for the sake of duplicate checks,
+                // but use the original in error messages.
+                let canonical = if let crate::BuiltIn::Position { .. } = built_in {
+                    crate::BuiltIn::Position { invariant: false }
+                } else {
+                    built_in
+                };
+
+                if self.built_ins.contains(&canonical) {
                     return Err(VaryingError::DuplicateBuiltIn(built_in));
                 }
-                self.built_in_mask |= bit;
+                self.built_ins.insert(canonical);
 
                 let width = 4;
                 let (visible, type_good) = match built_in {
@@ -153,7 +160,7 @@ impl VaryingContext<'_> {
                                 width,
                             },
                     ),
-                    Bi::Position => (
+                    Bi::Position { .. } => (
                         match self.stage {
                             St::Vertex => self.output,
                             St::Fragment => !self.output,
@@ -457,7 +464,7 @@ impl super::Validator {
         }
 
         self.location_mask.clear();
-        let mut argument_built_ins = 0;
+        let mut argument_built_ins = crate::FastHashSet::default();
         // TODO: add span info to function arguments
         for (index, fa) in ep.function.arguments.iter().enumerate() {
             let mut ctx = VaryingContext {
@@ -466,23 +473,23 @@ impl super::Validator {
                 output: false,
                 types: &module.types,
                 location_mask: &mut self.location_mask,
-                built_in_mask: argument_built_ins,
+                built_ins: &mut argument_built_ins,
                 capabilities: self.capabilities,
             };
             ctx.validate(fa.binding.as_ref())
                 .map_err_inner(|e| EntryPointError::Argument(index as u32, e).with_span())?;
-            argument_built_ins = ctx.built_in_mask;
         }
 
         self.location_mask.clear();
         if let Some(ref fr) = ep.function.result {
+            let mut result_built_ins = crate::FastHashSet::default();
             let mut ctx = VaryingContext {
                 ty: fr.ty,
                 stage: ep.stage,
                 output: true,
                 types: &module.types,
                 location_mask: &mut self.location_mask,
-                built_in_mask: 0,
+                built_ins: &mut result_built_ins,
                 capabilities: self.capabilities,
             };
             ctx.validate(fr.binding.as_ref())
diff --git a/tests/out/ir/collatz.ron b/tests/out/ir/collatz.ron
index a4d86445bb..50860b2cb7 100644
--- a/tests/out/ir/collatz.ron
+++ b/tests/out/ir/collatz.ron
@@ -284,10 +284,7 @@
                     (
                         name: Some("global_id"),
                         ty: 4,
-                        binding: Some(BuiltIn(
-                            built_in: GlobalInvocationId,
-                            invariant: false,
-                        )),
+                        binding: Some(BuiltIn(GlobalInvocationId)),
                     ),
                 ],
                 result: None,
diff --git a/tests/out/spv/interface.fragment.spvasm b/tests/out/spv/interface.fragment.spvasm
index 7dc246b00e..154747e5f2 100644
--- a/tests/out/spv/interface.fragment.spvasm
+++ b/tests/out/spv/interface.fragment.spvasm
@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@ OpMemberDecorate %14 2 Offset 8
 OpDecorate %16 ArrayStride 4
 OpMemberDecorate %18 0 Offset 0
 OpMemberDecorate %19 0 Offset 0
-OpDecorate %22 BuiltIn FragCoord
 OpDecorate %22 Invariant
+OpDecorate %22 BuiltIn FragCoord
 OpDecorate %25 Location 1
 OpDecorate %28 BuiltIn FrontFacing
 OpDecorate %31 BuiltIn SampleId
diff --git a/tests/out/spv/interface.vertex.spvasm b/tests/out/spv/interface.vertex.spvasm
index de082608df..645077ca26 100644
--- a/tests/out/spv/interface.vertex.spvasm
+++ b/tests/out/spv/interface.vertex.spvasm
@@ -18,8 +18,8 @@ OpDecorate %21 BuiltIn VertexIndex
 OpDecorate %24 BuiltIn InstanceIndex
 OpDecorate %26 Location 10
 OpDecorate %26 Flat
-OpDecorate %28 BuiltIn Position
 OpDecorate %28 Invariant
+OpDecorate %28 BuiltIn Position
 OpDecorate %30 Location 1
 OpDecorate %32 BuiltIn PointSize
 %2 = OpTypeVoid
diff --git a/tests/out/spv/interface.vertex_two_structs.spvasm b/tests/out/spv/interface.vertex_two_structs.spvasm
index ea5313db0b..190f391c39 100644
--- a/tests/out/spv/interface.vertex_two_structs.spvasm
+++ b/tests/out/spv/interface.vertex_two_structs.spvasm
@@ -16,8 +16,8 @@ OpMemberDecorate %18 0 Offset 0
 OpMemberDecorate %19 0 Offset 0
 OpDecorate %24 BuiltIn VertexIndex
 OpDecorate %28 BuiltIn InstanceIndex
-OpDecorate %30 BuiltIn Position
 OpDecorate %30 Invariant
+OpDecorate %30 BuiltIn Position
 OpDecorate %32 BuiltIn PointSize
 %2 = OpTypeVoid
 %4 = OpTypeFloat 32