diff --git a/wgpu-native/src/command/mod.rs b/wgpu-native/src/command/mod.rs
index cb24c8feb0..fb5e07a242 100644
--- a/wgpu-native/src/command/mod.rs
+++ b/wgpu-native/src/command/mod.rs
@@ -99,8 +99,8 @@ impl CommandBufferHandle {
         base: &mut TrackerSet,
         head: &TrackerSet,
         stitch: Stitch,
-        buffer_guard: &Storage<BufferHandle>,
-        texture_guard: &Storage<TextureHandle>,
+        buffer_guard: &Storage<BufferHandle, crate::BufferId>,
+        texture_guard: &Storage<TextureHandle, crate::TextureId>,
     ) {
         let buffer_barriers =
             base.buffers
diff --git a/wgpu-native/src/device.rs b/wgpu-native/src/device.rs
index 01201f217a..0252609e73 100644
--- a/wgpu-native/src/device.rs
+++ b/wgpu-native/src/device.rs
@@ -802,7 +802,7 @@ pub fn texture_create_view(
     }
 }
 
-pub fn device_track_view(texture_id: TextureId, view_id: BufferId, ref_count: RefCount) {
+pub fn device_track_view(texture_id: TextureId, view_id: TextureViewId, ref_count: RefCount) {
     let device_id = HUB.textures.read()[texture_id].device_id.value;
     let query = HUB.devices.read()[device_id]
         .trackers
diff --git a/wgpu-native/src/hub.rs b/wgpu-native/src/hub.rs
index 14ad6e7559..c0b7cf268a 100644
--- a/wgpu-native/src/hub.rs
+++ b/wgpu-native/src/hub.rs
@@ -87,107 +87,112 @@ impl IdentityManager {
     }
 }
 
-pub struct Storage<T> {
+pub struct Storage<T, I:'static + ToId> {
     //TODO: consider concurrent hashmap?
     map: VecMap<(T, Epoch)>,
+    _phantom: std::marker::PhantomData<&'static I>,
 }
 
-impl<T> ops::Index<Id> for Storage<T> {
+impl<T, I:ToId> ops::Index<I> for Storage<T, I> {
     type Output = T;
-    fn index(&self, id: Id) -> &T {
-        let (ref value, epoch) = self.map[id.0 as usize];
-        assert_eq!(epoch, id.1);
+    fn index(&self, id: I) -> &T {
+        let (ref value, epoch) = self.map[id.id().0 as usize];
+        assert_eq!(epoch, id.id().1);
         value
     }
 }
 
-impl<T> ops::IndexMut<Id> for Storage<T> {
-    fn index_mut(&mut self, id: Id) -> &mut T {
-        let (ref mut value, epoch) = self.map[id.0 as usize];
-        assert_eq!(epoch, id.1);
+impl<T, I:ToId> ops::IndexMut<I> for Storage<T, I> {
+    fn index_mut(&mut self, id: I) -> &mut T {
+        let (ref mut value, epoch) = self.map[id.id().0 as usize];
+        assert_eq!(epoch, id.id().1);
         value
     }
 }
 
-impl<T> Storage<T> {
-    pub fn contains(&self, id: Id) -> bool {
-        match self.map.get(id.0 as usize) {
-            Some(&(_, epoch)) if epoch == id.1 => true,
+impl<T, I:ToId> Storage<T, I> {
+    pub fn contains(&self, id: I) -> bool {
+        match self.map.get(id.id().0 as usize) {
+            Some(&(_, epoch)) if epoch == id.id().1 => true,
             _ => false,
         }
     }
 }
 
-pub struct Registry<T> {
+use crate::ToId;
+pub struct Registry<T, I: 'static + ToId + From<Id>> {
     #[cfg(feature = "local")]
     identity: Mutex<IdentityManager>,
-    data: RwLock<Storage<T>>,
+    data: RwLock<Storage<T, I>>,
+    _phantom: std::marker::PhantomData<&'static I>,
 }
 
-impl<T> Default for Registry<T> {
+impl<T, I: ToId + From<Id>> Default for Registry<T, I> {
     fn default() -> Self {
         Registry {
             #[cfg(feature = "local")]
             identity: Mutex::new(IdentityManager::default()),
-            data: RwLock::new(Storage { map: VecMap::new() }),
+            data: RwLock::new(Storage { map: VecMap::new(), _phantom: std::marker::PhantomData }),
+            _phantom: std::marker::PhantomData,
         }
     }
 }
 
-impl<T> ops::Deref for Registry<T> {
-    type Target = RwLock<Storage<T>>;
+impl<T, I: ToId + From<Id>> ops::Deref for Registry<T, I> {
+    type Target = RwLock<Storage<T, I>>;
     fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
         &self.data
     }
 }
 
-impl<T> ops::DerefMut for Registry<T> {
+impl<T, I: ToId + From<Id>> ops::DerefMut for Registry<T, I> {
     fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target {
         &mut self.data
     }
 }
 
-impl<T> Registry<T> {
-    pub fn register(&self, id: Id, value: T) {
-        let old = self.data.write().map.insert(id.0 as usize, (value, id.1));
+impl<T, I: ToId + From<Id> + Clone> Registry<T, I> {
+    pub fn register(&self, id: I, value: T) {
+        let old = self.data.write().map.insert(id.id().0 as usize, (value, id.id().1));
         assert!(old.is_none());
     }
 
     #[cfg(feature = "local")]
-    pub fn register_local(&self, value: T) -> Id {
-        let id = self.identity.lock().alloc();
-        self.register(id, value);
+    pub fn register_local(&self, value: T) -> I {
+        let raw_id = self.identity.lock().alloc();
+        let id:I = raw_id.into();
+        self.register(id.clone(), value);
         id
     }
 
-    pub fn unregister(&self, id: Id) -> T {
+    pub fn unregister(&self, id: I) -> T {
         #[cfg(feature = "local")]
-        self.identity.lock().free(id);
-        let (value, epoch) = self.data.write().map.remove(id.0 as usize).unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(epoch, id.1);
+        self.identity.lock().free(id.id());
+        let (value, epoch) = self.data.write().map.remove(id.id().0 as usize).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(epoch, id.id().1);
         value
     }
 }
-
+use crate::*;
 #[derive(Default)]
 pub struct Hub {
-    pub instances: Arc<Registry<InstanceHandle>>,
-    pub adapters: Arc<Registry<AdapterHandle>>,
-    pub devices: Arc<Registry<DeviceHandle>>,
-    pub pipeline_layouts: Arc<Registry<PipelineLayoutHandle>>,
-    pub bind_group_layouts: Arc<Registry<BindGroupLayoutHandle>>,
-    pub bind_groups: Arc<Registry<BindGroupHandle>>,
-    pub shader_modules: Arc<Registry<ShaderModuleHandle>>,
-    pub command_buffers: Arc<Registry<CommandBufferHandle>>,
-    pub render_pipelines: Arc<Registry<RenderPipelineHandle>>,
-    pub compute_pipelines: Arc<Registry<ComputePipelineHandle>>,
-    pub render_passes: Arc<Registry<RenderPassHandle>>,
-    pub compute_passes: Arc<Registry<ComputePassHandle>>,
-    pub buffers: Arc<Registry<BufferHandle>>,
-    pub textures: Arc<Registry<TextureHandle>>,
-    pub texture_views: Arc<Registry<TextureViewHandle>>,
-    pub samplers: Arc<Registry<SamplerHandle>>,
-    pub surfaces: Arc<Registry<SurfaceHandle>>,
+    pub instances: Arc<Registry<InstanceHandle, InstanceId>>,
+    pub adapters: Arc<Registry<AdapterHandle, AdapterId>>,
+    pub devices: Arc<Registry<DeviceHandle, DeviceId>>,
+    pub pipeline_layouts: Arc<Registry<PipelineLayoutHandle, PipelineLayoutId>>,
+    pub bind_group_layouts: Arc<Registry<BindGroupLayoutHandle, BindGroupLayoutId>>,
+    pub bind_groups: Arc<Registry<BindGroupHandle, BindGroupId>>,
+    pub shader_modules: Arc<Registry<ShaderModuleHandle, ShaderModuleId>>,
+    pub command_buffers: Arc<Registry<CommandBufferHandle, CommandBufferId>>,
+    pub render_pipelines: Arc<Registry<RenderPipelineHandle, RenderPipelineId>>,
+    pub compute_pipelines: Arc<Registry<ComputePipelineHandle, ComputePipelineId>>,
+    pub render_passes: Arc<Registry<RenderPassHandle, RenderPassId>>,
+    pub compute_passes: Arc<Registry<ComputePassHandle, ComputePassId>>,
+    pub buffers: Arc<Registry<BufferHandle, BufferId>>,
+    pub textures: Arc<Registry<TextureHandle, TextureId>>,
+    pub texture_views: Arc<Registry<TextureViewHandle, TextureViewId>>,
+    pub samplers: Arc<Registry<SamplerHandle, SamplerId>>,
+    pub surfaces: Arc<Registry<SurfaceHandle, SurfaceId>>,
 }
 
 lazy_static! {
diff --git a/wgpu-native/src/lib.rs b/wgpu-native/src/lib.rs
index 5b64d54946..fb17c265c0 100644
--- a/wgpu-native/src/lib.rs
+++ b/wgpu-native/src/lib.rs
@@ -166,46 +166,157 @@ pub struct ByteArray {
     pub length: usize,
 }
 
-pub type InstanceId = hub::Id;
+macro_rules! transparent {
+    ($i:item) => (
+        #[repr(transparent)]
+        #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Hash, PartialEq)]
+        #[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
+        $i
+    )
+}
+
+pub trait ToId {
+    fn id(&self) -> hub::Id;
+}
+
+macro_rules! to_id {
+    ($i:ident) => (
+        impl ToId for $i {
+            fn id(&self) -> hub::Id {
+                self.0
+            }
+        }
+    )
+}
+
+macro_rules! from_id {
+    ($i:ident) => (
+        impl From<hub::Id> for $i {
+            fn from(id:hub::Id) -> $i {
+                $i(id)
+            }
+        }
+    )
+}
+
+use hub::{Index, Epoch, NewId, Id};
+macro_rules! new_id {
+    ($i:ident) => (
+        impl NewId for $i {
+            fn new(index: Index, epoch: Epoch) -> Self {
+                let id = Id::new(index, epoch);
+                $i(id)
+            }
+
+            fn index(&self) -> Index {
+                (self.id()).index()
+            }
+
+            fn epoch(&self) -> Epoch {
+               (self.id()).epoch()
+            }
+        }
+    )
+}
+
+transparent!(pub struct InstanceId(hub::Id););
+to_id!(InstanceId);
+from_id!(InstanceId);
 type InstanceHandle = back::Instance;
-pub type AdapterId = hub::Id;
+
+transparent!(pub struct AdapterId(hub::Id););
+to_id!(AdapterId);
+from_id!(AdapterId);
 type AdapterHandle = hal::Adapter<back::Backend>;
-pub type DeviceId = hub::Id;
+
+transparent!(pub struct DeviceId(hub::Id););
+to_id!(DeviceId);
+from_id!(DeviceId);
 type DeviceHandle = Device<back::Backend>;
+//transparent!(pub struct QueueId(DeviceId););
 pub type QueueId = DeviceId;
-pub type BufferId = hub::Id;
+
+transparent!(pub struct BufferId(hub::Id););
+to_id!(BufferId);
+from_id!(BufferId);
+new_id!(BufferId);
 type BufferHandle = Buffer<back::Backend>;
+
 // Resource
-pub type TextureViewId = hub::Id;
+transparent!(pub struct TextureViewId(hub::Id););
+to_id!(TextureViewId);
+from_id!(TextureViewId);
+new_id!(TextureViewId);
 type TextureViewHandle = TextureView<back::Backend>;
-pub type TextureId = hub::Id;
+
+transparent!(pub struct TextureId(hub::Id););
+to_id!(TextureId);
+from_id!(TextureId);
+new_id!(TextureId);
 type TextureHandle = Texture<back::Backend>;
-pub type SamplerId = hub::Id;
+
+transparent!(pub struct SamplerId(hub::Id););
+to_id!(SamplerId);
+from_id!(SamplerId);
 type SamplerHandle = Sampler<back::Backend>;
+
 // Binding model
-pub type BindGroupLayoutId = hub::Id;
+transparent!(pub struct BindGroupLayoutId(hub::Id););
+to_id!(BindGroupLayoutId);
+from_id!(BindGroupLayoutId);
 type BindGroupLayoutHandle = BindGroupLayout<back::Backend>;
-pub type PipelineLayoutId = hub::Id;
+
+transparent!(pub struct PipelineLayoutId(hub::Id););
+to_id!(PipelineLayoutId);
+from_id!(PipelineLayoutId);
 type PipelineLayoutHandle = PipelineLayout<back::Backend>;
-pub type BindGroupId = hub::Id;
+
+transparent!(pub struct BindGroupId(hub::Id););
+to_id!(BindGroupId);
+from_id!(BindGroupId);
 type BindGroupHandle = BindGroup<back::Backend>;
+
 // Pipeline
-pub type InputStateId = hub::Id;
-pub type ShaderModuleId = hub::Id;
+transparent!(pub struct InputStateId(hub::Id););
+to_id!(InputStateId);
+from_id!(InputStateId);
+transparent!(pub struct ShaderModuleId(hub::Id););
+to_id!(ShaderModuleId);
+from_id!(ShaderModuleId);
 type ShaderModuleHandle = ShaderModule<back::Backend>;
-pub type RenderPipelineId = hub::Id;
+
+transparent!(pub struct RenderPipelineId(hub::Id););
+to_id!(RenderPipelineId);
+from_id!(RenderPipelineId);
 type RenderPipelineHandle = RenderPipeline<back::Backend>;
-pub type ComputePipelineId = hub::Id;
+
+transparent!(pub struct ComputePipelineId(hub::Id););
+to_id!(ComputePipelineId);
+from_id!(ComputePipelineId);
 type ComputePipelineHandle = ComputePipeline<back::Backend>;
+
 // Command
-pub type CommandBufferId = hub::Id;
+transparent!(pub struct CommandBufferId(hub::Id););
+to_id!(CommandBufferId);
+from_id!(CommandBufferId);
 type CommandBufferHandle = CommandBuffer<back::Backend>;
+//transparent!(pub struct CommandEncoderId(CommandBufferId););
 pub type CommandEncoderId = CommandBufferId;
-pub type RenderPassId = hub::Id;
+
+transparent!(pub struct RenderPassId(hub::Id););
+to_id!(RenderPassId);
+from_id!(RenderPassId);
 type RenderPassHandle = RenderPass<back::Backend>;
-pub type ComputePassId = hub::Id;
+
+transparent!(pub struct ComputePassId(hub::Id););
+to_id!(ComputePassId);
+from_id!(ComputePassId);
 type ComputePassHandle = ComputePass<back::Backend>;
+
 // Swap chain
-pub type SurfaceId = hub::Id;
+transparent!(pub struct SurfaceId(hub::Id););
+to_id!(SurfaceId);
+from_id!(SurfaceId);
 type SurfaceHandle = Surface<back::Backend>;
+//transparent!(pub struct SwapChainId(SurfaceId););
 pub type SwapChainId = SurfaceId;
diff --git a/wgpu-native/src/track.rs b/wgpu-native/src/track.rs
index 83f130f4ad..dd4a70c5df 100644
--- a/wgpu-native/src/track.rs
+++ b/wgpu-native/src/track.rs
@@ -276,37 +276,37 @@ impl<I: NewId, U: Copy + GenericUsage + BitOr<Output = U> + PartialEq> Tracker<I
     }
 }
 
-impl<U: Copy + GenericUsage + BitOr<Output = U> + PartialEq> Tracker<Id, U> {
+impl<I: crate::ToId + NewId + Clone, U: Copy + GenericUsage + BitOr<Output = U> + PartialEq> Tracker<I, U> {
     fn _get_with_usage<'a, T: 'a + Borrow<RefCount>>(
         &mut self,
-        storage: &'a Storage<T>,
-        id: Id,
+        storage: &'a Storage<T, I>,
+        id: I,
         usage: U,
         permit: TrackPermit,
     ) -> Result<(&'a T, Tracktion<U>), U> {
-        let item = &storage[id];
+        let item = &storage[id.clone()];
         self.transit(id, item.borrow(), usage, permit)
             .map(|tracktion| (item, tracktion))
     }
 
     pub(crate) fn get_with_extended_usage<'a, T: 'a + Borrow<RefCount>>(
         &mut self,
-        storage: &'a Storage<T>,
-        id: Id,
+        storage: &'a Storage<T, I>,
+        id: I,
         usage: U,
     ) -> Result<&'a T, U> {
-        let item = &storage[id];
+        let item = &storage[id.clone()];
         self.transit(id, item.borrow(), usage, TrackPermit::EXTEND)
             .map(|_tracktion| item)
     }
 
     pub(crate) fn get_with_replaced_usage<'a, T: 'a + Borrow<RefCount>>(
         &mut self,
-        storage: &'a Storage<T>,
-        id: Id,
+        storage: &'a Storage<T, I>,
+        id: I,
         usage: U,
     ) -> Result<(&'a T, Option<U>), U> {
-        let item = &storage[id];
+        let item = &storage[id.clone()];
         self.transit(id, item.borrow(), usage, TrackPermit::REPLACE)
             .map(|tracktion| {
                 (