ci: optimize workflow with parallel jobs and better caching (#42)

* ci: optimize performance with better caching and parallel execution

* ci: hybrid pipeline with strategic build->test sequencing

* ci: try other way

* ci: seperate lint too, try ubuntu-latest-arm64 and some cargo optimize keys

* ci: remove ubuntu-latest-arm64

* ci: back to manual cache

* ci: add needs: [build-stable-release] for lint

* ci: fix CI lint and simplify command for lint and doc CI jobs

* chore: alot of clippy warning fix because of new Rust version

* ci: make all the task parallel

* chore: rerun CI workflow

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ on:
 name: "CI"
 
 env:
-  PROTOC_VERSION: '3.25.3'
+  PROTOC_VERSION: "3.25.3"
 
 jobs:
   lint:
@@ -16,148 +16,70 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          submodules: 'recursive'
       - name: Install stable toolchain
         uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
         with:
           components: rustfmt, clippy
-      - name: Cache protoc
-        uses: actions/cache@v4
+      - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
         with:
-          path: ~/.local/bin
-          key: protoc-${{ env.PROTOC_VERSION }}-${{ runner.os }}
-          restore-keys: |
-            protoc-${{ env.PROTOC_VERSION }}-
-            protoc-
-      - name: install protoc
+          shared-key: "stable"
+      - name: Install protoc
         uses: taiki-e/install-action@v2
         with:
           tool: protoc@${{ env.PROTOC_VERSION }}
-      - name: Cache Rust dependencies
-        uses: actions/cache@v4
-        with:
-          path: |
-            ~/.cargo/registry
-            ~/.cargo/git
-            target
-          key: rust-${{ runner.os }}-${{ hashFiles('**/Cargo.lock') }}
-          restore-keys: |
-            rust-${{ runner.os }}-
       - name: Check formatting
         run: cargo fmt --all --check
       - name: Run clippy
         run: cargo clippy --all-features --tests -- -D warnings
 
-  unused_dependencies:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          submodules: 'recursive'
-      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@nightly
-      - name: Cache protoc
-        uses: actions/cache@v4
-        with:
-          path: ~/.local/bin
-          key: protoc-${{ env.PROTOC_VERSION }}-${{ runner.os }}
-          restore-keys: |
-            protoc-${{ env.PROTOC_VERSION }}-
-            protoc-
-      - name: install protoc
-        uses: taiki-e/install-action@v2
-        with:
-          tool: protoc@${{ env.PROTOC_VERSION }}
-      - name: Cache cargo-udeps
-        uses: actions/cache@v4
-        with:
-          path: ~/.cargo/bin
-          key: cargo-udeps-${{ runner.os }}
-      - name: install cargo-udeps
-        uses: taiki-e/install-action@cargo-udeps
-      - name: Cache Rust dependencies
-        uses: actions/cache@v4
-        with:
-          path: |
-            ~/.cargo/registry
-            ~/.cargo/git
-            target
-          key: rust-${{ runner.os }}-${{ hashFiles('**/Cargo.lock') }}
-          restore-keys: |
-            rust-${{ runner.os }}-
-      - name: cargo udeps
-        run: cargo +nightly udeps
-      - name: cargo udeps all-targets
-        run: cargo +nightly udeps --all-targets  
-
   docs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          submodules: 'recursive'
-      - name: Cache protoc
-        uses: actions/cache@v4
-        with:
-          path: ~/.local/bin
-          key: protoc-${{ env.PROTOC_VERSION }}-${{ runner.os }}
-          restore-keys: |
-            protoc-${{ env.PROTOC_VERSION }}-
-            protoc-
-      - name: install protoc
+      - name: Install protoc
         uses: taiki-e/install-action@v2
         with:
           tool: protoc@${{ env.PROTOC_VERSION }}
       - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
-      - name: Cache Rust dependencies
-        uses: actions/cache@v4
+      - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
         with:
-          path: |
-            ~/.cargo/registry
-            ~/.cargo/git
-            target
-          key: rust-${{ runner.os }}-${{ hashFiles('**/Cargo.lock') }}
-          restore-keys: |
-            rust-${{ runner.os }}-
-      - name: "doc --lib --all-features"
+          shared-key: "stable"
+      - name: Generate documentation
         run: |
           cargo doc --lib --no-deps --all-features --document-private-items
         env:
-          RUSTDOCFLAGS: -Dwarnings  
+          RUSTDOCFLAGS: -Dwarnings
 
   test:
-    needs: [lint, unused_dependencies]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
+      - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
         with:
-          submodules: 'recursive'
-      - name: Cache protoc
-        uses: actions/cache@v4
-        with:
-          path: ~/.local/bin
-          key: protoc-${{ env.PROTOC_VERSION }}-${{ runner.os }}
-          restore-keys: |
-            protoc-${{ env.PROTOC_VERSION }}-
-            protoc-
-      - name: install protoc
+          shared-key: "stable"
+      - name: Install protoc
         uses: taiki-e/install-action@v2
         with:
           tool: protoc@${{ env.PROTOC_VERSION }}
-      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
-      - name: Cache Rust dependencies
-        uses: actions/cache@v4
+      - name: Test
+        run: cargo test --release
+
+  unused_dependencies:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@nightly
+      - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
         with:
-          path: |
-            ~/.cargo/registry
-            ~/.cargo/git
-            target
-          key: rust-${{ runner.os }}-${{ hashFiles('**/Cargo.lock') }}
-          restore-keys: |
-            rust-${{ runner.os }}-
-      - name: Build and test
-        run: |
-          cargo build --release
-          cargo test --release
+          shared-key: "nightly"
+      - name: Install protoc
+        uses: taiki-e/install-action@v2
+        with:
+          tool: protoc@${{ env.PROTOC_VERSION }}
+      - name: Install cargo-udeps
+        uses: taiki-e/install-action@cargo-udeps
+      - name: Check for unused dependencies
+        run: cargo +nightly udeps --all-targets

ds/src/waku_actor.rs

@@ -49,12 +49,12 @@ impl WakuNode<Initialized> {
                             .expect("Failed to send message to waku");
                     }
                     WakuEvent::RelayTopicHealthChange(evt) => {
-                        info!("Relay topic change evt: {:?}", evt);
+                        info!("Relay topic change evt: {evt:?}");
                     }
                     WakuEvent::ConnectionChange(evt) => {
-                        info!("Conn change evt: {:?}", evt);
+                        info!("Conn change evt: {evt:?}");
                     }
-                    WakuEvent::Unrecognized(err) => panic!("Unrecognized waku event: {:?}", err),
+                    WakuEvent::Unrecognized(e) => panic!("Unrecognized waku event: {e:?}"),
                     _ => panic!("event case not expected"),
                 };
             }
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ impl WakuNode<Initialized> {
             .expect("set event call back working");
 
         let waku = self.node.start().await.map_err(|e| {
-            debug!("Failed to start the Waku Node: {:?}", e);
+            debug!("Failed to start the Waku Node: {e:?}");
             DeliveryServiceError::WakuNodeAlreadyInitialized(e.to_string())
         })?;
 
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ impl WakuNode<Running> {
             .relay_publish_message(&waku_message, &pubsub_topic(), None)
             .await
             .map_err(|e| {
-                error!("Failed to relay publish the message: {:?}", e);
+                error!("Failed to relay publish the message: {e:?}");
                 DeliveryServiceError::WakuPublishMessageError(e)
             })?;
 
@@ -106,19 +106,19 @@ impl WakuNode<Running> {
         peer_addresses: Vec<Multiaddr>,
     ) -> Result<(), DeliveryServiceError> {
         for peer_address in peer_addresses {
-            info!("Connecting to peer: {:?}", peer_address);
+            info!("Connecting to peer: {peer_address:?}");
             self.node
                 .connect(&peer_address, None)
                 .await
                 .map_err(|e| DeliveryServiceError::WakuConnectPeerError(e.to_string()))?;
-            info!("Connected to peer: {:?}", peer_address);
+            info!("Connected to peer: {peer_address:?}");
         }
         Ok(())
     }
 
     pub async fn listen_addresses(&self) -> Result<Vec<Multiaddr>, DeliveryServiceError> {
         let addresses = self.node.listen_addresses().await.map_err(|e| {
-            debug!("Failed to get the listen addresses: {:?}", e);
+            debug!("Failed to get the listen addresses: {e:?}");
             DeliveryServiceError::WakuGetListenAddressesError(e)
         })?;
 
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ pub async fn run_waku_node(
     while let Some(msg) = reciever.recv().await {
         info!("Received message to send to waku");
         let id = waku_node.send_message(msg).await?;
-        info!("Successfully publish message with id: {:?}", id);
+        info!("Successfully publish message with id: {id:?}");
     }
 
     Ok(())

src/action_handlers.rs

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ pub async fn handle_user_actions(
                 .retain(|topic| topic.application_name != group_name);
             info!("Leave group: {:?}", &group_name);
             let app_message = wrap_conversation_message_into_application_msg(
-                format!("You're removed from the group {}", group_name).into_bytes(),
+                format!("You're removed from the group {group_name}").into_bytes(),
                 "system".to_string(),
                 group_name.clone(),
             );
@@ -93,11 +93,8 @@ pub async fn handle_ws_action(
                 .await?;
 
             let app_message = wrap_conversation_message_into_application_msg(
-                format!(
-                    "Remove proposal for user {} added to steward queue",
-                    user_to_ban
-                )
-                .into_bytes(),
+                format!("Remove proposal for user {user_to_ban} added to steward queue")
+                    .into_bytes(),
                 "system".to_string(),
                 group_name.clone(),
             );

src/group.rs

@@ -325,14 +325,14 @@ impl Group {
     /// Get the number of pending proposals for the current epoch
     pub async fn get_pending_proposals_count(&self) -> usize {
         let count = self.state_machine.get_current_epoch_proposals_count().await;
-        info!("State machine reports {} current epoch proposals", count);
+        info!("State machine reports {count} current epoch proposals");
         count
     }
 
     /// Get the number of pending proposals for the voting epoch
     pub async fn get_voting_proposals_count(&self) -> usize {
         let count = self.state_machine.get_voting_epoch_proposals_count().await;
-        info!("State machine reports {} voting proposals", count);
+        info!("State machine reports {count} voting proposals");
         count
     }
 

src/main.rs

@@ -83,12 +83,12 @@ async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
     tokio::select! {
         result = recv_messages => {
             if let Err(w) = result {
-                error!("Error receiving messages from waku: {}", w);
+                error!("Error receiving messages from waku: {w}");
             }
         }
         result = server_task => {
             if let Err(e) = result {
-                error!("Error hosting server: {}", e);
+                error!("Error hosting server: {e}");
             }
         }
     }
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ async fn run_server(
         .with_state(app_state)
         .layer(cors);
 
-    info!("Hosted on {:?}", addr);
+    info!("Hosted on {addr:?}");
 
     axum::Server::bind(&addr)
         .serve(app.into_make_service())
@@ -142,14 +142,14 @@ async fn handle_socket(socket: WebSocket, state: Arc<AppState>) {
                 if !rooms.contains(&connect.group_id.clone()) {
                     rooms.insert(connect.group_id.clone());
                 }
-                info!("Prepare info for main loop: {:?}", main_loop_connection);
+                info!("Prepare info for main loop: {main_loop_connection:?}");
                 break;
             }
             Ok(_) => {
                 info!("Got chat message for non-existent user");
             }
 
-            Err(e) => error!("Error handling message: {}", e),
+            Err(e) => error!("Error handling message: {e}"),
         }
     }
 
@@ -169,10 +169,10 @@ async fn handle_socket(socket: WebSocket, state: Arc<AppState>) {
             let content_topic = msg.content_topic.clone();
             // Check if message belongs to a relevant topic
             if !match_content_topic(&state_clone.content_topics, &content_topic) {
-                error!("Content topic not match: {:?}", content_topic);
+                error!("Content topic not match: {content_topic:?}");
                 return;
             };
-            info!("Received message from waku that matches content topic",);
+            info!("Received message from waku that matches content topic");
             let res = handle_user_actions(
                 msg,
                 state_clone.waku_node.clone(),
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ async fn handle_socket(socket: WebSocket, state: Arc<AppState>) {
             )
             .await;
             if let Err(e) = res {
-                error!("Error handling waku message: {}", e);
+                error!("Error handling waku message: {e}");
             }
         }
     });
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ async fn handle_socket(socket: WebSocket, state: Arc<AppState>) {
                 )
                 .await;
                 if let Err(e) = res {
-                    error!("Error handling websocket message: {}", e);
+                    error!("Error handling websocket message: {e}");
                 }
             }
         })

src/state_machine.rs

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ impl Display for GroupState {
             GroupState::Waiting => "Waiting - Steward epoch active",
             GroupState::Voting => "Voting - Vote in progress",
         };
-        write!(f, "{}", state)
+        write!(f, "{state}")
     }
 }
 

src/user.rs

@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ impl User {
             return Ok(UserAction::DoNothing);
         }
         let ct_name = msg.content_topic.content_topic_name.to_string();
-        info!("Processing waku message from content topic: {:?}", ct_name);
+        info!("Processing waku message from content topic: {ct_name:?}");
         match ct_name.as_str() {
             WELCOME_SUBTOPIC => self.process_welcome_subtopic(msg, group_name).await,
             APP_MSG_SUBTOPIC => self.process_app_subtopic(msg, group_name).await,
@@ -469,7 +469,7 @@ impl User {
         }
 
         // There are proposals, start the steward epoch
-        info!("Starting steward epoch with {} proposals", proposal_count);
+        info!("Starting steward epoch with {proposal_count} proposals");
         group.start_steward_epoch().await?;
         Ok(proposal_count)
     }
@@ -491,10 +491,7 @@ impl User {
                 .map(alloy::hex::encode)
                 .collect::<Vec<_>>()
         );
-        println!(
-            "User: start_voting - current user identity: {}",
-            current_identity
-        );
+        println!("User: start_voting - current user identity: {current_identity}");
         let vote_id = uuid::Uuid::new_v4().as_bytes().to_vec();
 
         Ok(vote_id)
@@ -522,11 +519,8 @@ impl User {
     /// Submit a vote for the given vote ID.
     pub async fn submit_vote(&mut self, vote_id: Vec<u8>, vote: bool) -> Result<(), UserError> {
         let current_identity = self.identity.identity_string();
-        info!("User: submit_vote - vote_id: {:?}, vote: {}", vote_id, vote);
-        info!(
-            "User: submit_vote - current user identity: {}",
-            current_identity
-        );
+        info!("User: submit_vote - vote_id: {vote_id:?}, vote: {vote}");
+        info!("User: submit_vote - current user identity: {current_identity}");
         Ok(())
     }
 
@@ -541,7 +535,7 @@ impl User {
             None => return Err(UserError::GroupNotFoundError(group_name)),
         };
         let identity_bytes = alloy::hex::decode(&identity)
-            .map_err(|e| UserError::ApplyProposalsError(format!("Invalid hex string: {}", e)))?;
+            .map_err(|e| UserError::ApplyProposalsError(format!("Invalid hex string: {e}")))?;
         group.store_remove_proposal(identity_bytes).await?;
         Ok(())
     }

src/user_app_instance.rs

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ pub async fn create_user_instance(
         .map_err(|e| UserError::KameoCreateGroupError(e.to_string()))?;
 
     let mut content_topics = build_content_topics(&group_name);
-    info!("Building content topics: {:?}", content_topics);
+    info!("Building content topics: {content_topics:?}");
     app_state
         .content_topics
         .lock()
@@ -41,10 +41,7 @@ pub async fn create_user_instance(
         .append(&mut content_topics);
 
     if connection.should_create_group {
-        info!(
-            "User {:?} start sending steward message for group {:?}",
-            user_address, group_name
-        );
+        info!("User {user_address:?} start sending steward message for group {group_name:?}");
         let user_clone = user_ref.clone();
         let group_name_clone = group_name.clone();
         tokio::spawn(async move {
@@ -62,7 +59,7 @@ pub async fn create_user_instance(
                     Ok::<(), UserError>(())
                 }
                 .await
-                .inspect_err(|e| error!("Error sending steward message to waku: {}", e));
+                .inspect_err(|e| error!("Error sending steward message to waku: {e}"));
             }
         });
     };
@@ -81,7 +78,7 @@ pub async fn handle_steward_flow_per_epoch(
     group_name: String,
     app_state: Arc<AppState>,
 ) -> Result<(), UserError> {
-    info!("Starting steward epoch for group: {}", group_name);
+    info!("Starting steward epoch for group: {group_name}");
 
     // Step 1: Start steward epoch - check for proposals and start epoch if needed
     let proposals_count = user
@@ -101,22 +98,12 @@ pub async fn handle_steward_flow_per_epoch(
     app_state.waku_node.send(msg).await?;
 
     if proposals_count == 0 {
-        info!(
-            "No proposals to vote on for group: {}, completing epoch without voting",
-            group_name
-        );
-
-        info!(
-            "Steward epoch completed for group: {} (no proposals)",
-            group_name
-        );
+        info!("No proposals to vote on for group: {group_name}, completing epoch without voting");
+        info!("Steward epoch completed for group: {group_name} (no proposals)");
         return Ok(());
     }
 
-    info!(
-        "Found {} proposals to vote on for group: {}",
-        proposals_count, group_name
-    );
+    info!("Found {proposals_count} proposals to vote on for group: {group_name}");
 
     // Step 3: Start voting process
     let vote_id = user
@@ -126,10 +113,7 @@ pub async fn handle_steward_flow_per_epoch(
         .await
         .map_err(|e| UserError::ProcessProposalsError(e.to_string()))?;
 
-    info!(
-        "Started voting with vote_id: {:?} for group: {}",
-        vote_id, group_name
-    );
+    info!("Started voting with vote_id: {vote_id:?} for group: {group_name}");
 
     // Step 4: Complete voting (in a real implementation, this would wait for actual votes)
     // For now, we'll simulate the voting process
@@ -141,10 +125,7 @@ pub async fn handle_steward_flow_per_epoch(
         .await
         .map_err(|e| UserError::ApplyProposalsError(e.to_string()))?;
 
-    info!(
-        "Voting completed with result: {} for group: {}",
-        vote_result, group_name
-    );
+    info!("Voting completed with result: {vote_result} for group: {group_name}");
 
     // Step 5: If vote passed, apply proposals and complete
     if vote_result {
@@ -160,15 +141,9 @@ pub async fn handle_steward_flow_per_epoch(
             app_state.waku_node.send(msg).await?;
         }
 
-        info!(
-            "Proposals applied and steward epoch completed for group: {}",
-            group_name
-        );
+        info!("Proposals applied and steward epoch completed for group: {group_name}");
     } else {
-        info!(
-            "Vote failed, returning to working state for group: {}",
-            group_name
-        );
+        info!("Vote failed, returning to working state for group: {group_name}");
     }
 
     user.ask(RemoveProposalsAndCompleteRequest {
@@ -177,9 +152,6 @@ pub async fn handle_steward_flow_per_epoch(
     .await
     .map_err(|e| UserError::ApplyProposalsError(e.to_string()))?;
 
-    info!(
-        "Removing proposals and completing steward epoch for group: {}",
-        group_name
-    );
+    info!("Removing proposals and completing steward epoch for group: {group_name}");
     Ok(())
 }

tests/user_test.rs

@@ -81,10 +81,7 @@ async fn test_invite_users_flow() {
         .get_pending_proposals_count(group_name.clone())
         .await
         .expect("Failed to get proposal count");
-    println!(
-        "Debug: Proposal count before steward epoch: {}",
-        proposal_count_before
-    );
+    println!("Debug: Proposal count before steward epoch: {proposal_count_before}");
 
     // Add Bob and Carol to the group initially using steward epoch flow
     // State machine: start steward epoch, voting, complete voting
@@ -93,10 +90,7 @@ async fn test_invite_users_flow() {
         .await
         .expect("Failed to start steward epoch");
 
-    println!(
-        "Debug: Steward epoch returned {} proposals",
-        steward_epoch_proposals
-    );
+    println!("Debug: Steward epoch returned {steward_epoch_proposals} proposals");
 
     let vote_id = alice
         .start_voting(group_name.clone())
@@ -146,7 +140,7 @@ async fn test_invite_users_flow() {
         .process_waku_message(bob_res_waku_message.clone())
         .await
         .expect("Failed to process waku message");
-    println!("Alice result: {:?}", res_alice);
+    println!("Alice result: {res_alice:?}");
     let res_alice_msg = match res_alice {
         UserAction::SendToApp(msg) => msg,
         _ => panic!("User action is not SendToApp"),
@@ -170,7 +164,7 @@ async fn test_invite_users_flow() {
         )
         .await
         .expect("Failed to process waku message");
-    println!("Carol result: {:?}", res_carol);
+    println!("Carol result: {res_carol:?}");
 
     let carol_group = carol
         .get_group(group_name.clone())
@@ -298,7 +292,7 @@ async fn test_add_user_in_different_epoch() {
     );
 
     // Submit a vote (Alice votes yes for her own proposals)
-    println!("Test: Submitting vote with ID: {:?}", vote_id);
+    println!("Test: Submitting vote with ID: {vote_id:?}");
     println!("Test: Alice's identity: {}", alice.identity_string());
     alice
         .submit_vote(vote_id.clone(), true)
@@ -397,7 +391,7 @@ async fn test_add_user_in_different_epoch() {
     );
 
     // Submit a vote (Alice votes yes for her own proposals)
-    println!("Test: Submitting vote with ID: {:?}", vote_id);
+    println!("Test: Submitting vote with ID: {vote_id:?}");
     println!("Test: Alice's identity: {}", alice.identity_string());
     alice
         .submit_vote(vote_id.clone(), true)
@@ -446,7 +440,7 @@ async fn test_add_user_in_different_epoch() {
         .expect("Failed to process waku message apply commit to the Bob")
     {
         UserAction::SendToWaku(msg) => {
-            println!("Bob action is SendToWaku: {:?}", msg);
+            println!("Bob action is SendToWaku: {msg:?}");
         }
         UserAction::DoNothing => {
             println!("Bob action is DoNothing");
@@ -581,10 +575,7 @@ async fn test_remove_user_flow() {
         .get_pending_proposals_count(group_name.clone())
         .await
         .expect("Failed to get proposal count");
-    println!(
-        "Debug: Proposal count before steward epoch: {}",
-        proposal_count_before
-    );
+    println!("Debug: Proposal count before steward epoch: {proposal_count_before}");
 
     // Add Bob and Carol to the group initially using steward epoch flow
     // State machine: start steward epoch, voting, complete voting
@@ -593,10 +584,7 @@ async fn test_remove_user_flow() {
         .await
         .expect("Failed to start steward epoch");
 
-    println!(
-        "Debug: Steward epoch returned {} proposals",
-        steward_epoch_proposals
-    );
+    println!("Debug: Steward epoch returned {steward_epoch_proposals} proposals");
 
     let vote_id = alice
         .start_voting(group_name.clone())
@@ -646,7 +634,7 @@ async fn test_remove_user_flow() {
         .process_waku_message(bob_res_waku_message.clone())
         .await
         .expect("Failed to process waku message");
-    println!("Alice result: {:?}", res_alice);
+    println!("Alice result: {res_alice:?}");
     let res_alice_msg = match res_alice {
         UserAction::SendToApp(msg) => msg,
         _ => panic!("User action is not SendToApp"),
@@ -670,7 +658,7 @@ async fn test_remove_user_flow() {
         )
         .await
         .expect("Failed to process waku message");
-    println!("Carol result: {:?}", res_carol);
+    println!("Carol result: {res_carol:?}");
 
     let carol_group = carol
         .get_group(group_name.clone())
@@ -778,7 +766,7 @@ async fn test_remove_user_flow() {
         .expect("Failed to start voting (removal)");
 
     // Submit a vote (Alice votes yes for the removal)
-    println!("Test: Submitting vote with ID: {:?}", vote_id);
+    println!("Test: Submitting vote with ID: {vote_id:?}");
     println!("Test: Alice's identity: {}", alice.identity_string());
     alice
         .submit_vote(vote_id.clone(), true)