Merge branch 'develop' of https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/geth-sharding into hackSync

Add Target root to forkchoice dump (#15009 )
* Add Target root to forkchoice dump * review
2026-01-11 06:18:05 -05:00 · 2025-03-05 13:33:53 +08:00 · 2025-03-05 04:49:44 +00:00 · 2025-03-04 16:32:24 +00:00 · 2025-03-04 16:31:17 +00:00 · 2025-03-04 16:17:29 +00:00
683 changed files with 27515 additions and 39182 deletions
--- a/.bazelrc
+++ b/.bazelrc
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ coverage --define=coverage_enabled=1
 build --workspace_status_command=./hack/workspace_status.sh

 build --define blst_disabled=false
-build --compilation_mode=opt
 run --define blst_disabled=false

 build:blst_disabled --define blst_disabled=true
--- a/.bazelversion
+++ b/.bazelversion
@@ -1 +1 @@
-7.1.0
+7.4.1
--- a/.github/actions/gomodtidy/Dockerfile
+++ b/.github/actions/gomodtidy/Dockerfile
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-FROM golang:1.22-alpine
+FROM golang:1.23-alpine

 COPY entrypoint.sh /entrypoint.sh

--- a/.github/workflows/changelog.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/changelog.yml
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ jobs:
        uses: dsaltares/fetch-gh-release-asset@aa2ab1243d6e0d5b405b973c89fa4d06a2d0fff7 # 1.1.2
        with:
          repo: OffchainLabs/unclog
+          version: "tags/v0.1.3"
          file: "unclog"

      - name: Get new changelog files
--- a/.github/workflows/clang-format.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/clang-format.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+name: Protobuf Format
+
+on: 
+  push:
+    branches: [ '*' ]
+  pull_request:
+    branches: [ '*' ]
+  merge_group:
+    types: [checks_requested]
+
+jobs:
+  clang-format-checking:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      # Is this step failing for you? 
+      # Run: clang-format -i proto/**/*.proto
+      # See: https://clang.llvm.org/docs/ClangFormat.html
+      - uses: RafikFarhad/clang-format-github-action@v3
+        with:
+          sources: "proto/**/*.proto"
--- a/.github/workflows/fuzz.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/fuzz.yml
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
      - uses: actions/setup-go@v4
        with:
-          go-version: '1.22.10'
+          go-version: '1.23.5'
      - id: list
        uses: shogo82148/actions-go-fuzz/list@v0
        with:
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
      - uses: actions/setup-go@v4
        with:
-          go-version: '1.22.10'
+          go-version: '1.23.5'
      - uses: shogo82148/actions-go-fuzz/run@v0
        with:
          packages: ${{ matrix.package }}
--- a/.github/workflows/go.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/go.yml
@@ -28,10 +28,10 @@ jobs:
    steps:
      - name: Checkout
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - name: Set up Go 1.22
+      - name: Set up Go 1.23
        uses: actions/setup-go@v4
        with:
-          go-version: '1.22.10'
+          go-version: '1.23.5'
      - name: Run Gosec Security Scanner
        run: | # https://github.com/securego/gosec/issues/469
          export PATH=$PATH:$(go env GOPATH)/bin
@@ -45,16 +45,16 @@ jobs:
      - name: Checkout
        uses: actions/checkout@v4

-      - name: Set up Go 1.22
+      - name: Set up Go 1.23
        uses: actions/setup-go@v4
        with:
-          go-version: '1.22.10'
+          go-version: '1.23.5'
          id: go

      - name: Golangci-lint
        uses: golangci/golangci-lint-action@v5
        with:
-          version: v1.56.1
+          version: v1.63.4
          args: --config=.golangci.yml --out-${NO_FUTURE}format colored-line-number

  build:
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: Set up Go 1.x
        uses: actions/setup-go@v4
        with:
-          go-version: '1.22.10'
+          go-version: '1.23.5'
        id: go

      - name: Check out code into the Go module directory
--- a/.golangci.yml
+++ b/.golangci.yml
@@ -1,28 +1,20 @@
 run:
-  skip-files:
+  timeout: 10m
+  go: '1.23.5'
+
+issues:
+  exclude-files:
    - validator/web/site_data.go
    - .*_test.go
-  skip-dirs:
+  exclude-dirs:
    - proto
    - tools/analyzers
-  timeout: 10m
-  go: '1.22.10'

 linters:
  enable-all: true
  disable:
    # Deprecated linters:
-    - deadcode
-    - exhaustivestruct
-    - golint
    - govet
-    - ifshort
-    - interfacer
-    - maligned
-    - nosnakecase
-    - scopelint
-    - structcheck
-    - varcheck

    # Disabled for now:
    - asasalint
@@ -34,6 +26,8 @@ linters:
    - dogsled
    - dupl
    - durationcheck
+    - errname
+    - err113
    - exhaustive
    - exhaustruct
    - forbidigo
@@ -47,17 +41,17 @@ linters:
    - gocyclo
    - godot
    - godox
-    - goerr113
    - gofumpt
-    - gomnd
    - gomoddirectives
    - gosec
    - inamedparam
    - interfacebloat
+    - intrange
    - ireturn
    - lll
    - maintidx
    - makezero
+    - mnd
    - musttag
    - nakedret
    - nestif
@@ -72,6 +66,7 @@ linters:
    - predeclared
    - promlinter
    - protogetter
+    - recvcheck
    - revive
    - spancheck
    - staticcheck
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -4,6 +4,141 @@ All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file.

 The format is based on Keep a Changelog, and this project adheres to Semantic Versioning.

+## [v5.3.0](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/compare/v5.2.0...v5.3.0) - 2025-02-12
+
+This release includes support for Pectra activation in the [Holesky](https://github.com/eth-clients/holesky) and [Sepolia](https://github.com/eth-clients/sepolia) testnets! The release contains many fixes for Electra that have been found in rigorous testing through devnets in the last few months.
+
+For mainnet, we have a few nice features for you to try:
+
+- [PR #14023](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14023) introduces a new file layout structure for storing blobs. Rather than storing all blob root directories in one parent directory, blob root directories are organized in subdirectories by epoch. This should vastly decrease the blob cache warmup time when Prysm is starting. Try this feature with `--blob-storage-layout=by-epoch`.
+
+Updating to this release is **required** for Holesky and Sepolia operators and it is **recommended** for mainnet users as there are a few bug fixes that apply to deneb logic.
+
+### Added
+
+- Added an error field to log `Finished building block`. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14696)
+- Implemented a new `EmptyExecutionPayloadHeader` function. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14713)
+- Added proper gas limit check for header from the builder. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14707)
+- `Finished building block`: Display error only if not nil. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14722)
+- Added light client feature flag check to RPC handlers. [PR](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14736). [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14782)
+- Added support to update target and max blob count to different values per hard fork config. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14678)
+- Log before blob filesystem cache warm-up. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14735)
+- New design for the attestation pool. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14324)
+- Add field param placeholder for Electra blob target and max to pass spec tests. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14733)
+- Light client: Add better error handling. [PR](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14749). [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14782)
+- Add EIP-7691: Blob throughput increase. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14750)
+- Trace IDONTWANT Messages in Pubsub. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14778)
+- Add Fulu fork boilerplate. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14771)
+- DB optimization for saving light client bootstraps (save unique sync committees only). [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14782)
+- Separate type for unaggregated network attestations. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14659)
+- Remote signer electra fork support. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14477)
+- Add Electra test case to rewards API. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14816)
+- Update `proto_test.go` to Electra. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14817)
+- Update slasher service to Electra. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14812)
+- Builder API endpoint to support Electra. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14344)
+- Added protoc toolchains with a version of v25.3. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14818)
+- Add test cases for the eth_lightclient_bootstrap API SSZ support. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14824)
+- Handle `AttesterSlashingElectra` everywhere in the codebase. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14823)
+- Add Beacon DB pruning service to prune historical data older than MIN_EPOCHS_FOR_BLOCK_REQUESTS (roughly equivalent to the weak subjectivity period). [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14687)
+- Nil consolidation request check for core processing. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14851)
+- Updated blob sidecar api endpoint for Electra. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14852)
+- Slashing pool service to convert slashings from Phase0 to Electra at the fork. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14844)
+- check to stop eth1 voting after electra and eth1 deposits stop. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14835)
+- WARN log message on node startup advising of the upcoming deprecation of the --enable-historical-state-representation feature flag. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14856)
+- Beacon API event support for `SingleAttestation` and `SignedAggregateAttestationAndProofElectra`. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14855)
+- Added Electra tests for `TestLightClient_NewLightClientOptimisticUpdateFromBeaconState` and `TestLightClient_NewLightClientFinalityUpdateFromBeaconState`. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14783)
+- New option to select an alternate blob storage layout. Rather than a flat directory with a subdir for each block root, a multi-level scheme is used to organize blobs by epoch/slot/root, enabling leaner syscalls, indexing and pruning. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14023)
+- Send pending att queue's attestations through the notification feed. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14862)
+- Prune all pending deposits and proofs in post-Electra. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14829)
+- Add Pectra testnet dates. (Sepolia and Holesky). [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14884)
+
+### Changed
+
+- Process light client finality updates only for new finalized epochs instead of doing it for every block. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14713)
+- Refactor subnets subscriptions. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14711)
+- Refactor RPC handlers subscriptions. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14732)
+- Go deps upgrade, from `ioutil` to `io`. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14737)
+- Move successfully registered validator(s) on builder log to debug. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14735)
+- Update some test files to use `crypto/rand` instead of `math/rand`. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14747)
+- Re-organize the content of the `*.proto` files (No functional change). [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14755)
+- SSZ files generation: Remove the `// Hash: ...` header.[[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14760)
+- Updated Electra spec definition for `process_epoch`. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14768)
+- Update our `go-libp2p-pubsub` dependency. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14770)
+- Re-organize the content of files to ease the creation of a new fork boilerplate. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14761)
+- Updated spec definition electra `process_registry_updates`. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14767)
+- Fixed Metadata errors for peers connected via QUIC. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14776)
+- Updated spec definitions for `process_slashings` in godocs. Simplified `ProcessSlashings` API. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14766)
+- Update spec tests to v1.5.0-beta.0. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14788)
+- Process light client finality updates only for new finalized epochs instead of doing it for every block. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14718)
+- Update blobs by rpc topics from V2 to V1. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14785)
+- Updated geth to 1.14~. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14351)
+- E2e tests start from bellatrix. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14351)
+- Version pinning unclog after making some ux improvements. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14802)
+- Remove helpers to check for execution/compounding withdrawal credentials and expose them as methods. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14808)
+- Refactor `2006-01-02 15:04:05` to `time.DateTime`. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14792)
+- Updated Prysm to Go v1.23.5. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14818)
+- Updated Bazel version to v7.4.1. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14818)
+- Updated rules_go to v0.46.0. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14818)
+- Updated golang.org/x/tools to be compatible with v1.23.5. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14818)
+- CI now requires proto files to be properly formatted with clang-format. [[PR](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14831)]. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14831)
+- Improved test coverage of beacon-chain/core/electra/churn.go. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14837)
+- Update electra spec test to beta1. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14841)
+- Move deposit request nil check to apply all. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14849)
+- Do not mark blocks as invalid on context deadlines during state transition. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14838)
+- Update electra core processing to not mark block bad if execution request error. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14826)
+- Dependency: Updated go-ethereum to v1.14.13. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14872)
+- improving readability on proposer settings loader. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14868)
+- Removes existing validator.processSlot span and adds validator.processSlot span to slotCtx. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14874)
+- DownloadFinalizedData has moved from the api/client package to beacon-chain/sync/checkpoint. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14871)
+- Updated Blob-Batch-Limit to increase to 192 for electra. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14883)
+- Updated Blob-Batch-Limit-Burst-Factor to increase to 3. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14883)
+- Changed the derived batch limit when serving blobs. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14883)
+- Updated go-libp2p-pubsub to v0.13.0. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14890)
+- Rename light client flag from `enable-lightclient` to `enable-light-client`. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14887)
+- Update electra spec test to beta2. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14901)
+
+### Removed
+
+- Cleanup ProcessSlashings method to remove unnecessary argument. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14762)
+- Remove `/proto/eth/v2` directory. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14765)
+- Remove `/memsize/` pprof endpoint as it will no longer be supported in go 1.23. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14351)
+- Clean `TestCanUpgrade*` tests. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14791)
+- Remove `Copy()` from the `ReadOnlyBeaconBlock` interface. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14811)
+- Removed a tracing span on signature requests. These requests usually took less than 5 nanoseconds and are generally not worth tracing. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14864)
+
+### Fixed
+
+- Added check to prevent nil pointer deference or out of bounds array access when validating the BLSToExecutionChange on an impossibly nil validator. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14705)
+- EIP-7691: Ensure new blobs subnets are subscribed on epoch in advance. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14759)
+- Fix kzg commitment inclusion proof depth minimal value. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14787)
+- Replace exampleIP to `96.7.129.13`. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14795)
+- Fixed a p2p test to reliably return a static IP through DNS resolution. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14800)
+- `ToBlinded`: Use Fulu struct for Fulu (instead of Electra). [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14797)
+- fix panic with type cast on pbgenericblock(). [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14801)
+- Prysmctl generate genesis state: fix truncation of ExtraData to 32 bytes to satisfy SSZ marshaling. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14803)
+- added conditional evaluators to fix scenario e2e tests. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14798)
+- Use `SingleAttestation` for Fulu in p2p attestation map. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14809)
+- `UpgradeToFulu`: Respect the specification. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14821)
+- `nodeFilter`: Implement `filterPeerForBlobSubnet` to avoid error logs. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14822)
+- Fixed deposit packing for post-Electra: early return if EIP-6110 is applied. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14697)
+- Fix batch process new pending deposits by getting validators from state. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14827)
+- Fix handling unfound block at slot. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14852)
+- Fixed incorrect attester slashing length check. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14833)
+- Fix monitor service for Electra. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14853)
+- add more nil checks on ToConsensus functions for added safety. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14867)
+- Fix electra state to safe share references on pending fields when append. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14895)
+- Add missing config values from the spec. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14903)
+- We remove the unused `rebuildTrie` assignments for fields which do not use them. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14906)
+- fix block api endpoint to handle blocks with the same structure but on different forks (i.e. fulu and electra). [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14897)
+- We change how we track blob indexes during their reconstruction from the EL to prevent. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14909)
+- We now use the correct maximum value when serving blobs for electra blocks. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14910)
+
+### Security
+
+- go version upgrade to 1.22.10 for CVE CVE-2024-34156. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14729)
+- Update golang.org/x/crypto to v0.31.0 to address CVE-2024-45337. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14777)
+- Update golang.org/x/net to v0.33.0 to address CVE-2024-45338. [[PR]](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14780)
+
 ## [v5.2.0](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/compare/v5.1.2...v5.2.0)

 Updating to this release is highly recommended, especially for users running v5.1.1 or v5.1.2.
@@ -60,7 +195,7 @@ Notable features:
 - Updated the default `scrape-interval` in `Client-stats` to 2 minutes to accommodate Beaconcha.in API rate limits.
 - Switch to compounding when consolidating with source==target.
 - Revert block db save when saving state fails.
- Return false from HasBlock if the block is being synced. 
+- Return false from HasBlock if the block is being synced.
 - Cleanup forkchoice on failed insertions.
 - Use read only validator for core processing to avoid unnecessary copying.
 - Use ROBlock across block processing pipeline.
@@ -73,7 +208,7 @@ Notable features:
 - Simplified `EjectedValidatorIndices`.
 - `engine_newPayloadV4`,`engine_getPayloadV4` are changes due to new execution request serialization decisions, [PR](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14580)
 - Fixed various small things in state-native code.
- Use ROBlock earlier in block syncing pipeline. 
+- Use ROBlock earlier in block syncing pipeline.
 - Changed the signature of `ProcessPayload`.
 - Only Build the Protobuf state once during serialization.
 - Capella blocks are execution.
@@ -139,9 +274,9 @@ Notable features:

 ### Security

-## [v5.1.2](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/compare/v5.1.1...v5.1.2) - 2024-10-16 
+## [v5.1.2](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/compare/v5.1.1...v5.1.2) - 2024-10-16

-This is a hotfix release with one change. 
+This is a hotfix release with one change.

 Prysm v5.1.1 contains an updated implementation of the beacon api streaming events endpoint. This
 new implementation contains a bug that can cause a panic in certain conditions. The issue is
@@ -153,20 +288,20 @@ prysm REST mode validator (a feature which requires the validator to be configur
 api instead of prysm's stock grpc endpoints) or accessory software that connects to the events api,
 like https://github.com/ethpandaops/ethereum-metrics-exporter

-### Fixed 
+### Fixed

 - Recover from panics when writing the event stream [#14545](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/pull/14545)

 ## [v5.1.1](https://github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/compare/v5.1.0...v5.1.1) - 2024-10-15

-This release has a number of features and improvements. Most notably, the feature flag 
-`--enable-experimental-state` has been flipped to "opt out" via `--disable-experimental-state`. 
+This release has a number of features and improvements. Most notably, the feature flag
+`--enable-experimental-state` has been flipped to "opt out" via `--disable-experimental-state`.
 The experimental state management design has shown significant improvements in memory usage at
 runtime. Updates to libp2p's gossipsub have some bandwidith stability improvements with support for
-IDONTWANT control messages. 
+IDONTWANT control messages.

 The gRPC gateway has been deprecated from Prysm in this release. If you need JSON data, consider the
-standardized beacon-APIs. 
+standardized beacon-APIs.

 Updating to this release is recommended at your convenience.

@@ -208,7 +343,7 @@ Updating to this release is recommended at your convenience.
 - `grpc-gateway-corsdomain` is renamed to http-cors-domain. The old name can still be used as an alias.
 - `api-timeout` is changed from int flag to duration flag, default value updated.
 - Light client support: abstracted out the light client headers with different versions.
- `ApplyToEveryValidator` has been changed to prevent misuse bugs, it takes a closure that takes a `ReadOnlyValidator` and returns a raw pointer to a `Validator`. 
+- `ApplyToEveryValidator` has been changed to prevent misuse bugs, it takes a closure that takes a `ReadOnlyValidator` and returns a raw pointer to a `Validator`.
 - Removed gorilla mux library and replaced it with net/http updates in go 1.22.
 - Clean up `ProposeBlock` for validator client to reduce cognitive scoring and enable further changes.
 - Updated k8s-io/client-go to v0.30.4 and k8s-io/apimachinery to v0.30.4
@@ -219,7 +354,7 @@ Updating to this release is recommended at your convenience.
 - Updated Sepolia bootnodes.
 - Make committee aware packing the default by deprecating `--enable-committee-aware-packing`.
 - Moved `ConvertKzgCommitmentToVersionedHash` to the `primitives` package.
- Updated correlation penalty for EIP-7251. 
+- Updated correlation penalty for EIP-7251.

 ### Deprecated
 - `--disable-grpc-gateway` flag is deprecated due to grpc gateway removal.
@@ -693,34 +828,34 @@ AVX support (eg Celeron) after the Deneb fork. This is not an issue for mainnet.

 - Linter: Wastedassign linter enabled to improve code quality.
 - API Enhancements:
-    - Added payload return in Wei for /eth/v3/validator/blocks.
-    - Added Holesky Deneb Epoch for better epoch management.
+  - Added payload return in Wei for /eth/v3/validator/blocks.
+  - Added Holesky Deneb Epoch for better epoch management.
 - Testing Enhancements:
-    - Clear cache in tests of core helpers to ensure test reliability.
-    - Added Debug State Transition Method for improved debugging.
-    - Backfilling test: Enabled backfill in E2E tests for more comprehensive coverage.
+  - Clear cache in tests of core helpers to ensure test reliability.
+  - Added Debug State Transition Method for improved debugging.
+  - Backfilling test: Enabled backfill in E2E tests for more comprehensive coverage.
 - API Updates: Re-enabled jwt on keymanager API for enhanced security.
 - Logging Improvements: Enhanced block by root log for better traceability.
 - Validator Client Improvements:
-    - Added Spans to Core Validator Methods for enhanced monitoring.
-    - Improved readability in validator client code for better maintenance (various commits).
+  - Added Spans to Core Validator Methods for enhanced monitoring.
+  - Improved readability in validator client code for better maintenance (various commits).

 ### Changed

 - Optimizations and Refinements:
-    - Lowered resource usage in certain processes for efficiency.
-    - Moved blob rpc validation closer to peer read for optimized processing.
-    - Cleaned up validate beacon block code for clarity and efficiency.
-    - Updated Sepolia Deneb fork epoch for alignment with network changes.
-    - Changed blob latency metrics to milliseconds for more precise measurement.
-    - Altered getLegacyDatabaseLocation message for better clarity.
-    - Improved wait for activation method for enhanced performance.
-    - Capitalized Aggregated Unaggregated Attestations Log for consistency.
-    - Modified HistoricalRoots usage for accuracy.
-    - Adjusted checking of attribute emptiness for efficiency.
+  - Lowered resource usage in certain processes for efficiency.
+  - Moved blob rpc validation closer to peer read for optimized processing.
+  - Cleaned up validate beacon block code for clarity and efficiency.
+  - Updated Sepolia Deneb fork epoch for alignment with network changes.
+  - Changed blob latency metrics to milliseconds for more precise measurement.
+  - Altered getLegacyDatabaseLocation message for better clarity.
+  - Improved wait for activation method for enhanced performance.
+  - Capitalized Aggregated Unaggregated Attestations Log for consistency.
+  - Modified HistoricalRoots usage for accuracy.
+  - Adjusted checking of attribute emptiness for efficiency.
 - Database Management:
-    - Moved --db-backup-output-dir as a deprecated flag for database management simplification.
-    - Added the Ability to Defragment the Beacon State for improved database performance.
+  - Moved --db-backup-output-dir as a deprecated flag for database management simplification.
+  - Added the Ability to Defragment the Beacon State for improved database performance.
 - Dependency Update: Bumped quic-go version from 0.39.3 to 0.39.4 for up-to-date dependencies.

 ### Removed
@@ -731,12 +866,12 @@ AVX support (eg Celeron) after the Deneb fork. This is not an issue for mainnet.
 ### Fixed

 - Bug Fixes:
-    - Fixed off by one error for improved accuracy.
-    - Resolved small typo in error messages for clarity.
-    - Addressed minor issue in blsToExecChange validator for better validation.
-    - Corrected blobsidecar json tag for commitment inclusion proof.
-    - Fixed ssz post-requests content type check.
-    - Resolved issue with port logging in bootnode.
+  - Fixed off by one error for improved accuracy.
+  - Resolved small typo in error messages for clarity.
+  - Addressed minor issue in blsToExecChange validator for better validation.
+  - Corrected blobsidecar json tag for commitment inclusion proof.
+  - Fixed ssz post-requests content type check.
+  - Resolved issue with port logging in bootnode.
 - Test Fixes: Re-enabled Slasher E2E Test for more comprehensive testing.

 ### Security
@@ -1163,9 +1298,9 @@ No security issues in this release.
  now features runtime detection, automatically enabling optimized code paths if your CPU supports it.
 - **Multiarch Containers Preview Available**: multiarch (:wave: arm64 support :wave:) containers will be offered for
  preview at the following locations:
-    - Beacon Chain: [gcr.io/prylabs-dev/prysm/beacon-chain:v4.1.0](gcr.io/prylabs-dev/prysm/beacon-chain:v4.1.0)
-    - Validator: [gcr.io/prylabs-dev/prysm/validator:v4.1.0](gcr.io/prylabs-dev/prysm/validator:v4.1.0)
-    - Please note that in the next cycle, we will exclusively use these containers at the canonical URLs.
+  - Beacon Chain: [gcr.io/prylabs-dev/prysm/beacon-chain:v4.1.0](gcr.io/prylabs-dev/prysm/beacon-chain:v4.1.0)
+  - Validator: [gcr.io/prylabs-dev/prysm/validator:v4.1.0](gcr.io/prylabs-dev/prysm/validator:v4.1.0)
+  - Please note that in the next cycle, we will exclusively use these containers at the canonical URLs.

 ### Added

--- a/DEPENDENCIES.md
+++ b/DEPENDENCIES.md
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ bazel build //beacon-chain --config=release
 ## Adding / updating dependencies

 1. Add your dependency as you would with go modules. I.e. `go get ...`
-1. Run `bazel run //:gazelle -- update-repos -from_file=go.mod` to update the bazel managed dependencies.
+1. Run `bazel run //:gazelle -- update-repos -from_file=go.mod -to_macro=deps.bzl%prysm_deps -prune=true` to update the bazel managed dependencies.

 Example:

--- a/MODULE.bazel.lock
+++ b/MODULE.bazel.lock
--- a/46
+++ b/46
@@ -16,6 +16,34 @@ load("@rules_pkg//:deps.bzl", "rules_pkg_dependencies")

 rules_pkg_dependencies()

+load("@bazel_tools//tools/build_defs/repo:http.bzl", "http_archive")
+
+http_archive(
+    name = "toolchains_protoc",
+    sha256 = "abb1540f8a9e045422730670ebb2f25b41fa56ca5a7cf795175a110a0a68f4ad",
+    strip_prefix = "toolchains_protoc-0.3.6",
+    url = "https://github.com/aspect-build/toolchains_protoc/releases/download/v0.3.6/toolchains_protoc-v0.3.6.tar.gz",
+)
+
+load("@toolchains_protoc//protoc:repositories.bzl", "rules_protoc_dependencies")
+
+rules_protoc_dependencies()
+
+load("@rules_proto//proto:repositories.bzl", "rules_proto_dependencies")
+
+rules_proto_dependencies()
+
+load("@bazel_features//:deps.bzl", "bazel_features_deps")
+
+bazel_features_deps()
+
+load("@toolchains_protoc//protoc:toolchain.bzl", "protoc_toolchains")
+
+protoc_toolchains(
+    name = "protoc_toolchains",
+    version = "v25.3",
+)
+
 HERMETIC_CC_TOOLCHAIN_VERSION = "v3.0.1"

 http_archive(
@@ -137,10 +165,10 @@ http_archive(
        # Expose internals of go_test for custom build transitions.
        "//third_party:io_bazel_rules_go_test.patch",
    ],
-    sha256 = "80a98277ad1311dacd837f9b16db62887702e9f1d1c4c9f796d0121a46c8e184",
+    sha256 = "b2038e2de2cace18f032249cb4bb0048abf583a36369fa98f687af1b3f880b26",
    urls = [
-        "https://mirror.bazel.build/github.com/bazelbuild/rules_go/releases/download/v0.46.0/rules_go-v0.46.0.zip",
-        "https://github.com/bazelbuild/rules_go/releases/download/v0.46.0/rules_go-v0.46.0.zip",
+        "https://mirror.bazel.build/github.com/bazelbuild/rules_go/releases/download/v0.48.1/rules_go-v0.48.1.zip",
+        "https://github.com/bazelbuild/rules_go/releases/download/v0.48.1/rules_go-v0.48.1.zip",
    ],
 )

@@ -182,7 +210,7 @@ load("@io_bazel_rules_go//go:deps.bzl", "go_register_toolchains", "go_rules_depe
 go_rules_dependencies()

 go_register_toolchains(
-    go_version = "1.22.10",
+    go_version = "1.23.5",
    nogo = "@//:nogo",
 )

@@ -227,7 +255,7 @@ filegroup(
    url = "https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/archive/5480440fe51742ed23342b68cf106cefd427e39d.tar.gz",
 )

-consensus_spec_version = "v1.5.0-beta.0"
+consensus_spec_version = "v1.5.0-beta.2"

 bls_test_version = "v0.1.1"

@@ -243,7 +271,7 @@ filegroup(
    visibility = ["//visibility:public"],
 )
    """,
-    integrity = "sha256-HdMlTN3wv+hUMCkIRPk+EHcLixY1cSZlvkx3obEp4AM=",
+    integrity = "sha256-X/bMxbKg1clo2aFEjBoeuFq/U+BF1eQopgRP/7nI3Qg=",
    url = "https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-spec-tests/releases/download/%s/general.tar.gz" % consensus_spec_version,
 )

@@ -259,7 +287,7 @@ filegroup(
    visibility = ["//visibility:public"],
 )
    """,
-    integrity = "sha256-eX/ihmHQ+OvfoGJxSMgy22yAU3SZ3xjsX0FU0EaZrSs=",
+    integrity = "sha256-WSxdri5OJGuNApW+odKle5UzToDyEOx+F3lMiqamJAg=",
    url = "https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-spec-tests/releases/download/%s/minimal.tar.gz" % consensus_spec_version,
 )

@@ -275,7 +303,7 @@ filegroup(
    visibility = ["//visibility:public"],
 )
    """,
-    integrity = "sha256-k3Onf42vOzIqyddecR6G82sDy3mmDA+R8RN66QjB0GI=",
+    integrity = "sha256-LYE8l3y/zSt4YVrehrJ3ralqtgeYNildiIp+HR6+xAI=",
    url = "https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-spec-tests/releases/download/%s/mainnet.tar.gz" % consensus_spec_version,
 )

@@ -290,7 +318,7 @@ filegroup(
    visibility = ["//visibility:public"],
 )
    """,
-    integrity = "sha256-N/d4AwdOSlb70Dr+2l20dfXxNSzJDj/qKA9Rkn8Gb5w=",
+    integrity = "sha256-jvZQ90qcJMTOqMsPO7sgeEVQmewZTHcz7LVDkNqwTFQ=",
    strip_prefix = "consensus-specs-" + consensus_spec_version[1:],
    url = "https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/archive/refs/tags/%s.tar.gz" % consensus_spec_version,
 )
--- a/api/client/beacon/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/api/client/beacon/BUILD.bazel
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ load("@prysm//tools/go:def.bzl", "go_library", "go_test")
 go_library(
    name = "go_default_library",
    srcs = [
-        "checkpoint.go",
        "client.go",
        "doc.go",
        "health.go",
@@ -16,28 +15,19 @@ go_library(
        "//api/client/beacon/iface:go_default_library",
        "//api/server:go_default_library",
        "//api/server/structs:go_default_library",
-        "//beacon-chain/core/helpers:go_default_library",
-        "//beacon-chain/state:go_default_library",
-        "//consensus-types/interfaces:go_default_library",
        "//consensus-types/primitives:go_default_library",
        "//encoding/bytesutil:go_default_library",
-        "//encoding/ssz/detect:go_default_library",
-        "//io/file:go_default_library",
        "//network/forks:go_default_library",
        "//proto/prysm/v1alpha1:go_default_library",
-        "//runtime/version:go_default_library",
-        "//time/slots:go_default_library",
        "@com_github_ethereum_go_ethereum//common/hexutil:go_default_library",
        "@com_github_pkg_errors//:go_default_library",
        "@com_github_sirupsen_logrus//:go_default_library",
-        "@org_golang_x_mod//semver:go_default_library",
    ],
 )

 go_test(
    name = "go_default_test",
    srcs = [
-        "checkpoint_test.go",
        "client_test.go",
        "health_test.go",
    ],
@@ -45,19 +35,7 @@ go_test(
    deps = [
        "//api/client:go_default_library",
        "//api/client/beacon/testing:go_default_library",
-        "//beacon-chain/state:go_default_library",
-        "//config/params:go_default_library",
-        "//consensus-types/blocks:go_default_library",
-        "//consensus-types/blocks/testing:go_default_library",
-        "//consensus-types/primitives:go_default_library",
-        "//encoding/ssz/detect:go_default_library",
-        "//network/forks:go_default_library",
-        "//proto/prysm/v1alpha1:go_default_library",
-        "//runtime/version:go_default_library",
        "//testing/require:go_default_library",
-        "//testing/util:go_default_library",
-        "//time/slots:go_default_library",
-        "@com_github_pkg_errors//:go_default_library",
        "@org_uber_go_mock//gomock:go_default_library",
    ],
 )
--- a/api/client/beacon/checkpoint.go
+++ b/api/client/beacon/checkpoint.go
@@ -1,276 +0,0 @@
-package beacon
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"fmt"
-	"path"
-
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/hexutil"
-	"github.com/pkg/errors"
-	base "github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/api/client"
-	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/core/helpers"
-	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/state"
-	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/consensus-types/interfaces"
-	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/consensus-types/primitives"
-	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/encoding/bytesutil"
-	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/encoding/ssz/detect"
-	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/io/file"
-	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/runtime/version"
-	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/time/slots"
-	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
-	"golang.org/x/mod/semver"
-)
-
-var errCheckpointBlockMismatch = errors.New("mismatch between checkpoint sync state and block")
-
-// OriginData represents the BeaconState and ReadOnlySignedBeaconBlock necessary to start an empty Beacon Node
-// using Checkpoint Sync.
-type OriginData struct {
-	sb []byte
-	bb []byte
-	st state.BeaconState
-	b  interfaces.ReadOnlySignedBeaconBlock
-	vu *detect.VersionedUnmarshaler
-	br [32]byte
-	sr [32]byte
-}
-
-// SaveBlock saves the downloaded block to a unique file in the given path.
-// For readability and collision avoidance, the file name includes: type, config name, slot and root
-func (o *OriginData) SaveBlock(dir string) (string, error) {
-	blockPath := path.Join(dir, fname("block", o.vu, o.b.Block().Slot(), o.br))
-	return blockPath, file.WriteFile(blockPath, o.BlockBytes())
-}
-
-// SaveState saves the downloaded state to a unique file in the given path.
-// For readability and collision avoidance, the file name includes: type, config name, slot and root
-func (o *OriginData) SaveState(dir string) (string, error) {
-	statePath := path.Join(dir, fname("state", o.vu, o.st.Slot(), o.sr))
-	return statePath, file.WriteFile(statePath, o.StateBytes())
-}
-
-// StateBytes returns the ssz-encoded bytes of the downloaded BeaconState value.
-func (o *OriginData) StateBytes() []byte {
-	return o.sb
-}
-
-// BlockBytes returns the ssz-encoded bytes of the downloaded ReadOnlySignedBeaconBlock value.
-func (o *OriginData) BlockBytes() []byte {
-	return o.bb
-}
-
-func fname(prefix string, vu *detect.VersionedUnmarshaler, slot primitives.Slot, root [32]byte) string {
-	return fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s_%s_%d-%#x.ssz", prefix, vu.Config.ConfigName, version.String(vu.Fork), slot, root)
-}
-
-// DownloadFinalizedData downloads the most recently finalized state, and the block most recently applied to that state.
-// This pair can be used to initialize a new beacon node via checkpoint sync.
-func DownloadFinalizedData(ctx context.Context, client *Client) (*OriginData, error) {
-	sb, err := client.GetState(ctx, IdFinalized)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	vu, err := detect.FromState(sb)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "error detecting chain config for finalized state")
-	}
-
-	log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
-		"name": vu.Config.ConfigName,
-		"fork": version.String(vu.Fork),
-	}).Info("Detected supported config in remote finalized state")
-
-	s, err := vu.UnmarshalBeaconState(sb)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "error unmarshaling finalized state to correct version")
-	}
-
-	slot := s.LatestBlockHeader().Slot
-	bb, err := client.GetBlock(ctx, IdFromSlot(slot))
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error requesting block by slot = %d", slot)
-	}
-	b, err := vu.UnmarshalBeaconBlock(bb)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "unable to unmarshal block to a supported type using the detected fork schedule")
-	}
-	br, err := b.Block().HashTreeRoot()
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "error computing hash_tree_root of retrieved block")
-	}
-	bodyRoot, err := b.Block().Body().HashTreeRoot()
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "error computing hash_tree_root of retrieved block body")
-	}
-
-	sbr := bytesutil.ToBytes32(s.LatestBlockHeader().BodyRoot)
-	if sbr != bodyRoot {
-		return nil, errors.Wrapf(errCheckpointBlockMismatch, "state body root = %#x, block body root = %#x", sbr, bodyRoot)
-	}
-	sr, err := s.HashTreeRoot(ctx)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "failed to compute htr for finalized state at slot=%d", s.Slot())
-	}
-
-	log.
-		WithField("blockSlot", b.Block().Slot()).
-		WithField("stateSlot", s.Slot()).
-		WithField("stateRoot", hexutil.Encode(sr[:])).
-		WithField("blockRoot", hexutil.Encode(br[:])).
-		Info("Downloaded checkpoint sync state and block.")
-	return &OriginData{
-		st: s,
-		b:  b,
-		sb: sb,
-		bb: bb,
-		vu: vu,
-		br: br,
-		sr: sr,
-	}, nil
-}
-
-// WeakSubjectivityData represents the state root, block root and epoch of the BeaconState + ReadOnlySignedBeaconBlock
-// that falls at the beginning of the current weak subjectivity period. These values can be used to construct
-// a weak subjectivity checkpoint beacon node flag to be used for validation.
-type WeakSubjectivityData struct {
-	BlockRoot [32]byte
-	StateRoot [32]byte
-	Epoch     primitives.Epoch
-}
-
-// CheckpointString returns the standard string representation of a Checkpoint.
-// The format is a hex-encoded block root, followed by the epoch of the block, separated by a colon. For example:
-// "0x1c35540cac127315fabb6bf29181f2ae0de1a3fc909d2e76ba771e61312cc49a:74888"
-func (wsd *WeakSubjectivityData) CheckpointString() string {
-	return fmt.Sprintf("%#x:%d", wsd.BlockRoot, wsd.Epoch)
-}
-
-// ComputeWeakSubjectivityCheckpoint attempts to use the prysm weak_subjectivity api
-// to obtain the current weak_subjectivity checkpoint.
-// For non-prysm nodes, the same computation will be performed with extra steps,
-// using the head state downloaded from the beacon node api.
-func ComputeWeakSubjectivityCheckpoint(ctx context.Context, client *Client) (*WeakSubjectivityData, error) {
-	ws, err := client.GetWeakSubjectivity(ctx)
-	if err != nil {
-		// a 404/405 is expected if querying an endpoint that doesn't support the weak subjectivity checkpoint api
-		if !errors.Is(err, base.ErrNotOK) {
-			return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "unexpected API response for prysm-only weak subjectivity checkpoint API")
-		}
-		// fall back to vanilla Beacon Node API method
-		return computeBackwardsCompatible(ctx, client)
-	}
-	log.Printf("server weak subjectivity checkpoint response - epoch=%d, block_root=%#x, state_root=%#x", ws.Epoch, ws.BlockRoot, ws.StateRoot)
-	return ws, nil
-}
-
-const (
-	prysmMinimumVersion     = "v2.0.7"
-	prysmImplementationName = "Prysm"
-)
-
-// errUnsupportedPrysmCheckpointVersion indicates remote beacon node can't be used for checkpoint retrieval.
-var errUnsupportedPrysmCheckpointVersion = errors.New("node does not meet minimum version requirements for checkpoint retrieval")
-
-// for older endpoints or clients that do not support the weak_subjectivity api method
-// we gather the necessary data for a checkpoint sync by:
-// - inspecting the remote server's head state and computing the weak subjectivity epoch locally
-// - requesting the state at the first slot of the epoch
-// - using hash_tree_root(state.latest_block_header) to compute the block the state integrates
-// - requesting that block by its root
-func computeBackwardsCompatible(ctx context.Context, client *Client) (*WeakSubjectivityData, error) {
-	log.Print("falling back to generic checkpoint derivation, weak_subjectivity API not supported by server")
-	nv, err := client.GetNodeVersion(ctx)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "unable to proceed with fallback method without confirming node version")
-	}
-	if nv.implementation == prysmImplementationName && semver.Compare(nv.semver, prysmMinimumVersion) < 0 {
-		return nil, errors.Wrapf(errUnsupportedPrysmCheckpointVersion, "%s < minimum (%s)", nv.semver, prysmMinimumVersion)
-	}
-	epoch, err := getWeakSubjectivityEpochFromHead(ctx, client)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "error computing weak subjectivity epoch via head state inspection")
-	}
-
-	// use first slot of the epoch for the state slot
-	slot, err := slots.EpochStart(epoch)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error computing first slot of epoch=%d", epoch)
-	}
-
-	log.Printf("requesting checkpoint state at slot %d", slot)
-	// get the state at the first slot of the epoch
-	sb, err := client.GetState(ctx, IdFromSlot(slot))
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "failed to request state by slot from api, slot=%d", slot)
-	}
-
-	// ConfigFork is used to unmarshal the BeaconState so we can read the block root in latest_block_header
-	vu, err := detect.FromState(sb)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "error detecting chain config for beacon state")
-	}
-	log.Printf("detected supported config in checkpoint state, name=%s, fork=%s", vu.Config.ConfigName, version.String(vu.Fork))
-
-	s, err := vu.UnmarshalBeaconState(sb)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "error using detected config fork to unmarshal state bytes")
-	}
-
-	// compute state and block roots
-	sr, err := s.HashTreeRoot(ctx)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "error computing hash_tree_root of state")
-	}
-
-	h := s.LatestBlockHeader()
-	h.StateRoot = sr[:]
-	br, err := h.HashTreeRoot()
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "error while computing block root using state data")
-	}
-
-	bb, err := client.GetBlock(ctx, IdFromRoot(br))
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error requesting block by root = %d", br)
-	}
-	b, err := vu.UnmarshalBeaconBlock(bb)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "unable to unmarshal block to a supported type using the detected fork schedule")
-	}
-	br, err = b.Block().HashTreeRoot()
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "error computing hash_tree_root for block obtained via root")
-	}
-
-	return &WeakSubjectivityData{
-		Epoch:     epoch,
-		BlockRoot: br,
-		StateRoot: sr,
-	}, nil
-}
-
-// this method downloads the head state, which can be used to find the correct chain config
-// and use prysm's helper methods to compute the latest weak subjectivity epoch.
-func getWeakSubjectivityEpochFromHead(ctx context.Context, client *Client) (primitives.Epoch, error) {
-	headBytes, err := client.GetState(ctx, IdHead)
-	if err != nil {
-		return 0, err
-	}
-	vu, err := detect.FromState(headBytes)
-	if err != nil {
-		return 0, errors.Wrap(err, "error detecting chain config for beacon state")
-	}
-	log.Printf("detected supported config in remote head state, name=%s, fork=%s", vu.Config.ConfigName, version.String(vu.Fork))
-	headState, err := vu.UnmarshalBeaconState(headBytes)
-	if err != nil {
-		return 0, errors.Wrap(err, "error unmarshaling state to correct version")
-	}
-
-	epoch, err := helpers.LatestWeakSubjectivityEpoch(ctx, headState, vu.Config)
-	if err != nil {
-		return 0, errors.Wrap(err, "error computing the weak subjectivity epoch from head state")
-	}
-
-	log.Printf("(computed client-side) weak subjectivity epoch = %d", epoch)
-	return epoch, nil
-}
--- a/api/client/beacon/client.go
+++ b/api/client/beacon/client.go
@@ -29,12 +29,13 @@ const (
 	getSignedBlockPath       = "/eth/v2/beacon/blocks"
 	getBlockRootPath         = "/eth/v1/beacon/blocks/{{.Id}}/root"
 	getForkForStatePath      = "/eth/v1/beacon/states/{{.Id}}/fork"
-	getWeakSubjectivityPath  = "/prysm/v1/beacon/weak_subjectivity"
 	getForkSchedulePath      = "/eth/v1/config/fork_schedule"
 	getConfigSpecPath        = "/eth/v1/config/spec"
 	getStatePath             = "/eth/v2/debug/beacon/states"
-	getNodeVersionPath       = "/eth/v1/node/version"
 	changeBLStoExecutionPath = "/eth/v1/beacon/pool/bls_to_execution_changes"
+
+	GetNodeVersionPath      = "/eth/v1/node/version"
+	GetWeakSubjectivityPath = "/prysm/v1/beacon/weak_subjectivity"
 )

 // StateOrBlockId represents the block_id / state_id parameters that several of the Eth Beacon API methods accept.
@@ -80,7 +81,8 @@ func idTemplate(ts string) func(StateOrBlockId) string {
 	return f
 }

-func renderGetBlockPath(id StateOrBlockId) string {
+// RenderGetBlockPath formats a block id into a path for the GetBlock API endpoint.
+func RenderGetBlockPath(id StateOrBlockId) string {
 	return path.Join(getSignedBlockPath, string(id))
 }

@@ -104,7 +106,7 @@ func NewClient(host string, opts ...client.ClientOpt) (*Client, error) {
 // for the named identifiers.
 // The return value contains the ssz-encoded bytes.
 func (c *Client) GetBlock(ctx context.Context, blockId StateOrBlockId) ([]byte, error) {
-	blockPath := renderGetBlockPath(blockId)
+	blockPath := RenderGetBlockPath(blockId)
 	b, err := c.Get(ctx, blockPath, client.WithSSZEncoding())
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error requesting state by id = %s", blockId)
@@ -195,6 +197,10 @@ type NodeVersion struct {
 	systemInfo     string
 }

+func (nv *NodeVersion) SetImplementation(impl string) {
+	nv.implementation = impl
+}
+
 var versionRE = regexp.MustCompile(`^(\w+)/(v\d+\.\d+\.\d+[-a-zA-Z0-9]*)\s*/?(.*)$`)

 func parseNodeVersion(v string) (*NodeVersion, error) {
@@ -212,7 +218,7 @@ func parseNodeVersion(v string) (*NodeVersion, error) {
 // GetNodeVersion requests that the beacon node identify information about its implementation in a format
 // similar to a HTTP User-Agent field. ex: Lighthouse/v0.1.5 (Linux x86_64)
 func (c *Client) GetNodeVersion(ctx context.Context) (*NodeVersion, error) {
-	b, err := c.Get(ctx, getNodeVersionPath)
+	b, err := c.Get(ctx, GetNodeVersionPath)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "error requesting node version")
 	}
@@ -228,7 +234,8 @@ func (c *Client) GetNodeVersion(ctx context.Context) (*NodeVersion, error) {
 	return parseNodeVersion(d.Data.Version)
 }

-func renderGetStatePath(id StateOrBlockId) string {
+// RenderGetStatePath formats a state id into a path for the GetState API endpoint.
+func RenderGetStatePath(id StateOrBlockId) string {
 	return path.Join(getStatePath, string(id))
 }

@@ -246,13 +253,29 @@ func (c *Client) GetState(ctx context.Context, stateId StateOrBlockId) ([]byte,
 	return b, nil
 }

+// WeakSubjectivityData represents the state root, block root and epoch of the BeaconState + ReadOnlySignedBeaconBlock
+// that falls at the beginning of the current weak subjectivity period. These values can be used to construct
+// a weak subjectivity checkpoint beacon node flag to be used for validation.
+type WeakSubjectivityData struct {
+	BlockRoot [32]byte
+	StateRoot [32]byte
+	Epoch     primitives.Epoch
+}
+
+// CheckpointString returns the standard string representation of a Checkpoint.
+// The format is a hex-encoded block root, followed by the epoch of the block, separated by a colon. For example:
+// "0x1c35540cac127315fabb6bf29181f2ae0de1a3fc909d2e76ba771e61312cc49a:74888"
+func (wsd *WeakSubjectivityData) CheckpointString() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%#x:%d", wsd.BlockRoot, wsd.Epoch)
+}
+
 // GetWeakSubjectivity calls a proposed API endpoint that is unique to prysm
 // This api method does the following:
 // - computes weak subjectivity epoch
 // - finds the highest non-skipped block preceding the epoch
 // - returns the htr of the found block and returns this + the value of state_root from the block
 func (c *Client) GetWeakSubjectivity(ctx context.Context) (*WeakSubjectivityData, error) {
-	body, err := c.Get(ctx, getWeakSubjectivityPath)
+	body, err := c.Get(ctx, GetWeakSubjectivityPath)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
--- a/api/client/beacon/client_test.go
+++ b/api/client/beacon/client_test.go
@@ -97,31 +97,31 @@ func TestValidHostname(t *testing.T) {
 		{
 			name:    "hostname with port",
 			hostArg: "mydomain.org:3500",
-			path:    getNodeVersionPath,
+			path:    GetNodeVersionPath,
 			joined:  "http://mydomain.org:3500/eth/v1/node/version",
 		},
 		{
 			name:    "https scheme, hostname with port",
 			hostArg: "https://mydomain.org:3500",
-			path:    getNodeVersionPath,
+			path:    GetNodeVersionPath,
 			joined:  "https://mydomain.org:3500/eth/v1/node/version",
 		},
 		{
 			name:    "http scheme, hostname without port",
 			hostArg: "http://mydomain.org",
-			path:    getNodeVersionPath,
+			path:    GetNodeVersionPath,
 			joined:  "http://mydomain.org/eth/v1/node/version",
 		},
 		{
 			name:    "http scheme, trailing slash, hostname without port",
 			hostArg: "http://mydomain.org/",
-			path:    getNodeVersionPath,
+			path:    GetNodeVersionPath,
 			joined:  "http://mydomain.org/eth/v1/node/version",
 		},
 		{
 			name:    "http scheme, hostname with basic auth creds and no port",
 			hostArg: "http://username:pass@mydomain.org/",
-			path:    getNodeVersionPath,
+			path:    GetNodeVersionPath,
 			joined:  "http://username:pass@mydomain.org/eth/v1/node/version",
 		},
 	}
--- a/api/client/builder/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/api/client/builder/BUILD.bazel
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ go_library(
    deps = [
        "//api:go_default_library",
        "//api/client:go_default_library",
+        "//api/server:go_default_library",
        "//api/server/structs:go_default_library",
        "//config/fieldparams:go_default_library",
        "//config/params:go_default_library",
@@ -27,10 +28,12 @@ go_library(
        "//proto/engine/v1:go_default_library",
        "//proto/prysm/v1alpha1:go_default_library",
        "//runtime/version:go_default_library",
+        "@com_github_ethereum_go_ethereum//common:go_default_library",
        "@com_github_ethereum_go_ethereum//common/hexutil:go_default_library",
        "@com_github_pkg_errors//:go_default_library",
        "@com_github_prysmaticlabs_fastssz//:go_default_library",
        "@com_github_sirupsen_logrus//:go_default_library",
+        "@io_opentelemetry_go_contrib_instrumentation_net_http_otelhttp//:go_default_library",
        "@org_golang_google_protobuf//proto:go_default_library",
    ],
 )
@@ -44,6 +47,7 @@ go_test(
    data = glob(["testdata/**"]),
    embed = [":go_default_library"],
    deps = [
+        "//api:go_default_library",
        "//api/server/structs:go_default_library",
        "//config/fieldparams:go_default_library",
        "//config/params:go_default_library",
--- a/api/client/builder/bid.go
+++ b/api/client/builder/bid.go
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 package builder

 import (
-	"github.com/pkg/errors"
 	ssz "github.com/prysmaticlabs/fastssz"
 	consensus_types "github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/consensus-types"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/consensus-types/blocks"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/consensus-types/interfaces"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/consensus-types/primitives"
+	v1 "github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/proto/engine/v1"
 	ethpb "github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/proto/prysm/v1alpha1"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/runtime/version"
 )
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ type SignedBid interface {
 // Bid is an interface describing the method set of a builder bid.
 type Bid interface {
 	Header() (interfaces.ExecutionData, error)
-	BlobKzgCommitments() ([][]byte, error)
 	Value() primitives.Wei
 	Pubkey() []byte
 	Version() int
@@ -31,6 +30,18 @@ type Bid interface {
 	HashTreeRootWith(hh *ssz.Hasher) error
 }

+// BidDeneb is an interface that exposes newly added kzg commitments on top of builder bid
+type BidDeneb interface {
+	Bid
+	BlobKzgCommitments() [][]byte
+}
+
+// BidElectra is an interface that exposes the newly added execution requests on top of the builder bid
+type BidElectra interface {
+	BidDeneb
+	ExecutionRequests() *v1.ExecutionRequests
+}
+
 type signedBuilderBid struct {
 	p *ethpb.SignedBuilderBid
 }
@@ -115,11 +126,6 @@ func (b builderBid) Header() (interfaces.ExecutionData, error) {
 	return blocks.WrappedExecutionPayloadHeader(b.p.Header)
 }

-// BlobKzgCommitments --
-func (b builderBid) BlobKzgCommitments() ([][]byte, error) {
-	return [][]byte{}, errors.New("blob kzg commitments not available before Deneb")
-}
-
 // Version --
 func (b builderBid) Version() int {
 	return version.Bellatrix
@@ -169,11 +175,6 @@ func (b builderBidCapella) Header() (interfaces.ExecutionData, error) {
 	return blocks.WrappedExecutionPayloadHeaderCapella(b.p.Header)
 }

-// BlobKzgCommitments --
-func (b builderBidCapella) BlobKzgCommitments() ([][]byte, error) {
-	return [][]byte{}, errors.New("blob kzg commitments not available before Deneb")
-}
-
 // Version --
 func (b builderBidCapella) Version() int {
 	return version.Capella
@@ -254,8 +255,8 @@ func (b builderBidDeneb) Header() (interfaces.ExecutionData, error) {
 }

 // BlobKzgCommitments --
-func (b builderBidDeneb) BlobKzgCommitments() ([][]byte, error) {
-	return b.p.BlobKzgCommitments, nil
+func (b builderBidDeneb) BlobKzgCommitments() [][]byte {
+	return b.p.BlobKzgCommitments
 }

 type signedBuilderBidDeneb struct {
@@ -290,3 +291,95 @@ func (b signedBuilderBidDeneb) Version() int {
 func (b signedBuilderBidDeneb) IsNil() bool {
 	return b.p == nil
 }
+
+type builderBidElectra struct {
+	p *ethpb.BuilderBidElectra
+}
+
+// WrappedBuilderBidElectra is a constructor which wraps a protobuf bid into an interface.
+func WrappedBuilderBidElectra(p *ethpb.BuilderBidElectra) (Bid, error) {
+	w := builderBidElectra{p: p}
+	if w.IsNil() {
+		return nil, consensus_types.ErrNilObjectWrapped
+	}
+	return w, nil
+}
+
+// Version --
+func (b builderBidElectra) Version() int {
+	return version.Electra
+}
+
+// Value --
+func (b builderBidElectra) Value() primitives.Wei {
+	return primitives.LittleEndianBytesToWei(b.p.Value)
+}
+
+// Pubkey --
+func (b builderBidElectra) Pubkey() []byte {
+	return b.p.Pubkey
+}
+
+// IsNil --
+func (b builderBidElectra) IsNil() bool {
+	return b.p == nil
+}
+
+// HashTreeRoot --
+func (b builderBidElectra) HashTreeRoot() ([32]byte, error) {
+	return b.p.HashTreeRoot()
+}
+
+// HashTreeRootWith --
+func (b builderBidElectra) HashTreeRootWith(hh *ssz.Hasher) error {
+	return b.p.HashTreeRootWith(hh)
+}
+
+// Header --
+func (b builderBidElectra) Header() (interfaces.ExecutionData, error) {
+	// We have to convert big endian to little endian because the value is coming from the execution layer.
+	return blocks.WrappedExecutionPayloadHeaderDeneb(b.p.Header)
+}
+
+// ExecutionRequests --
+func (b builderBidElectra) ExecutionRequests() *v1.ExecutionRequests {
+	return b.p.ExecutionRequests // does not copy
+}
+
+// BlobKzgCommitments --
+func (b builderBidElectra) BlobKzgCommitments() [][]byte {
+	return b.p.BlobKzgCommitments
+}
+
+type signedBuilderBidElectra struct {
+	p *ethpb.SignedBuilderBidElectra
+}
+
+// WrappedSignedBuilderBidElectra is a constructor which wraps a protobuf signed bit into an interface.
+func WrappedSignedBuilderBidElectra(p *ethpb.SignedBuilderBidElectra) (SignedBid, error) {
+	w := signedBuilderBidElectra{p: p}
+	if w.IsNil() {
+		return nil, consensus_types.ErrNilObjectWrapped
+	}
+	return w, nil
+}
+
+// Message --
+func (b signedBuilderBidElectra) Message() (Bid, error) {
+	return WrappedBuilderBidElectra(b.p.Message)
+}
+
+// Signature --
+func (b signedBuilderBidElectra) Signature() []byte {
+	return b.p.Signature
+}
+
+// Version --
+func (b signedBuilderBidElectra) Version() int {
+	return version.Electra
+}
+
+// IsNil --
+func (b signedBuilderBidElectra) IsNil() bool {
+	return b.p == nil
+}
--- a/api/client/builder/client.go
+++ b/api/client/builder/client.go
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ import (
 	ethpb "github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/proto/prysm/v1alpha1"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/runtime/version"
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/net/http/otelhttp"
 )

 const (
@@ -108,7 +109,7 @@ func NewClient(host string, opts ...ClientOpt) (*Client, error) {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	c := &Client{
-		hc:      &http.Client{},
+		hc:      &http.Client{Transport: otelhttp.NewTransport(http.DefaultTransport)},
 		baseURL: u,
 	}
 	for _, o := range opts {
@@ -154,6 +155,10 @@ func (c *Client) do(ctx context.Context, method string, path string, body io.Rea
 	if err != nil {
 		return
 	}
+	if method == http.MethodPost {
+		req.Header.Set("Content-Type", api.JsonMediaType)
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("Accept", api.JsonMediaType)
 	req.Header.Add("User-Agent", version.BuildData())
 	for _, o := range opts {
 		o(req)
@@ -219,8 +224,23 @@ func (c *Client) GetHeader(ctx context.Context, slot primitives.Slot, parentHash
 	if err := json.Unmarshal(hb, v); err != nil {
 		return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error unmarshaling the builder GetHeader response, using slot=%d, parentHash=%#x, pubkey=%#x", slot, parentHash, pubkey)
 	}
-	switch strings.ToLower(v.Version) {
-	case strings.ToLower(version.String(version.Deneb)):
+
+	ver, err := version.FromString(strings.ToLower(v.Version))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, fmt.Sprintf("unsupported header version %s", strings.ToLower(v.Version)))
+	}
+	if ver >= version.Electra {
+		hr := &ExecHeaderResponseElectra{}
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(hb, hr); err != nil {
+			return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error unmarshaling the builder GetHeader response, using slot=%d, parentHash=%#x, pubkey=%#x", slot, parentHash, pubkey)
+		}
+		p, err := hr.ToProto()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "could not extract proto message from header")
+		}
+		return WrappedSignedBuilderBidElectra(p)
+	}
+	if ver >= version.Deneb {
 		hr := &ExecHeaderResponseDeneb{}
 		if err := json.Unmarshal(hb, hr); err != nil {
 			return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error unmarshaling the builder GetHeader response, using slot=%d, parentHash=%#x, pubkey=%#x", slot, parentHash, pubkey)
@@ -230,7 +250,8 @@ func (c *Client) GetHeader(ctx context.Context, slot primitives.Slot, parentHash
 			return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "could not extract proto message from header")
 		}
 		return WrappedSignedBuilderBidDeneb(p)
-	case strings.ToLower(version.String(version.Capella)):
+	}
+	if ver >= version.Capella {
 		hr := &ExecHeaderResponseCapella{}
 		if err := json.Unmarshal(hb, hr); err != nil {
 			return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error unmarshaling the builder GetHeader response, using slot=%d, parentHash=%#x, pubkey=%#x", slot, parentHash, pubkey)
@@ -240,7 +261,8 @@ func (c *Client) GetHeader(ctx context.Context, slot primitives.Slot, parentHash
 			return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "could not extract proto message from header")
 		}
 		return WrappedSignedBuilderBidCapella(p)
-	case strings.ToLower(version.String(version.Bellatrix)):
+	}
+	if ver >= version.Bellatrix {
 		hr := &ExecHeaderResponse{}
 		if err := json.Unmarshal(hb, hr); err != nil {
 			return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "error unmarshaling the builder GetHeader response, using slot=%d, parentHash=%#x, pubkey=%#x", slot, parentHash, pubkey)
@@ -250,9 +272,8 @@ func (c *Client) GetHeader(ctx context.Context, slot primitives.Slot, parentHash
 			return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "could not extract proto message from header")
 		}
 		return WrappedSignedBuilderBid(p)
-	default:
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported header version %s", strings.ToLower(v.Version))
 	}
+	return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported header version %s", strings.ToLower(v.Version))
 }

 // RegisterValidator encodes the SignedValidatorRegistrationV1 message to json (including hex-encoding the byte
--- a/api/client/builder/client_test.go
+++ b/api/client/builder/client_test.go
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import (
 	"testing"

 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/go-bitfield"
+	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/api"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/api/server/structs"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/config/params"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/consensus-types/blocks"
@@ -89,6 +90,8 @@ func TestClient_RegisterValidator(t *testing.T) {
 	expectedPath := "/eth/v1/builder/validators"
 	hc := &http.Client{
 		Transport: roundtrip(func(r *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
+			require.Equal(t, api.JsonMediaType, r.Header.Get("Content-Type"))
+			require.Equal(t, api.JsonMediaType, r.Header.Get("Accept"))
 			body, err := io.ReadAll(r.Body)
 			defer func() {
 				require.NoError(t, r.Body.Close())
@@ -266,9 +269,9 @@ func TestClient_GetHeader(t *testing.T) {
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 		require.Equal(t, 0, value.Int.Cmp(primitives.WeiToBigInt(bid.Value())))
 		require.Equal(t, bidStr, primitives.WeiToBigInt(bid.Value()).String())
-
-		kcgCommitments, err := bid.BlobKzgCommitments()
-		require.NoError(t, err)
+		dbid, ok := bid.(builderBidDeneb)
+		require.Equal(t, true, ok)
+		kcgCommitments := dbid.BlobKzgCommitments()
 		require.Equal(t, len(kcgCommitments) > 0, true)
 		for i := range kcgCommitments {
 			require.Equal(t, len(kcgCommitments[i]) == 48, true)
@@ -292,6 +295,50 @@ func TestClient_GetHeader(t *testing.T) {
 		_, err := c.GetHeader(ctx, slot, bytesutil.ToBytes32(parentHash), bytesutil.ToBytes48(pubkey))
 		require.ErrorContains(t, "could not extract proto message from header: too many blob commitments: 7", err)
 	})
+	t.Run("electra", func(t *testing.T) {
+		hc := &http.Client{
+			Transport: roundtrip(func(r *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
+				require.Equal(t, expectedPath, r.URL.Path)
+				return &http.Response{
+					StatusCode: http.StatusOK,
+					Body:       io.NopCloser(bytes.NewBufferString(testExampleHeaderResponseElectra)),
+					Request:    r.Clone(ctx),
+				}, nil
+			}),
+		}
+		c := &Client{
+			hc:      hc,
+			baseURL: &url.URL{Host: "localhost:3500", Scheme: "http"},
+		}
+		h, err := c.GetHeader(ctx, slot, bytesutil.ToBytes32(parentHash), bytesutil.ToBytes48(pubkey))
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		expectedWithdrawalsRoot := ezDecode(t, "0xcf8e0d4e9587369b2301d0790347320302cc0943d5a1884560367e8208d920f2")
+		bid, err := h.Message()
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		bidHeader, err := bid.Header()
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		withdrawalsRoot, err := bidHeader.WithdrawalsRoot()
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, true, bytes.Equal(expectedWithdrawalsRoot, withdrawalsRoot))
+
+		bidStr := "652312848583266388373324160190187140051835877600158453279131187530910662656"
+		value, err := stringToUint256(bidStr)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, 0, value.Int.Cmp(primitives.WeiToBigInt(bid.Value())))
+		require.Equal(t, bidStr, primitives.WeiToBigInt(bid.Value()).String())
+		ebid, ok := bid.(builderBidElectra)
+		require.Equal(t, true, ok)
+		kcgCommitments := ebid.BlobKzgCommitments()
+		require.Equal(t, len(kcgCommitments) > 0, true)
+		for i := range kcgCommitments {
+			require.Equal(t, len(kcgCommitments[i]) == 48, true)
+		}
+		requests := ebid.ExecutionRequests()
+		require.Equal(t, 1, len(requests.Deposits))
+		require.Equal(t, 1, len(requests.Withdrawals))
+		require.Equal(t, 1, len(requests.Consolidations))
+
+	})
 	t.Run("unsupported version", func(t *testing.T) {
 		hc := &http.Client{
 			Transport: roundtrip(func(r *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
@@ -320,8 +367,8 @@ func TestSubmitBlindedBlock(t *testing.T) {
 			Transport: roundtrip(func(r *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
 				require.Equal(t, postBlindedBeaconBlockPath, r.URL.Path)
 				require.Equal(t, "bellatrix", r.Header.Get("Eth-Consensus-Version"))
-				require.Equal(t, "application/json", r.Header.Get("Content-Type"))
-				require.Equal(t, "application/json", r.Header.Get("Accept"))
+				require.Equal(t, api.JsonMediaType, r.Header.Get("Content-Type"))
+				require.Equal(t, api.JsonMediaType, r.Header.Get("Accept"))
 				return &http.Response{
 					StatusCode: http.StatusOK,
 					Body:       io.NopCloser(bytes.NewBufferString(testExampleExecutionPayload)),
@@ -348,8 +395,8 @@ func TestSubmitBlindedBlock(t *testing.T) {
 			Transport: roundtrip(func(r *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
 				require.Equal(t, postBlindedBeaconBlockPath, r.URL.Path)
 				require.Equal(t, "capella", r.Header.Get("Eth-Consensus-Version"))
-				require.Equal(t, "application/json", r.Header.Get("Content-Type"))
-				require.Equal(t, "application/json", r.Header.Get("Accept"))
+				require.Equal(t, api.JsonMediaType, r.Header.Get("Content-Type"))
+				require.Equal(t, api.JsonMediaType, r.Header.Get("Accept"))
 				return &http.Response{
 					StatusCode: http.StatusOK,
 					Body:       io.NopCloser(bytes.NewBufferString(testExampleExecutionPayloadCapella)),
@@ -379,8 +426,8 @@ func TestSubmitBlindedBlock(t *testing.T) {
 			Transport: roundtrip(func(r *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
 				require.Equal(t, postBlindedBeaconBlockPath, r.URL.Path)
 				require.Equal(t, "deneb", r.Header.Get("Eth-Consensus-Version"))
-				require.Equal(t, "application/json", r.Header.Get("Content-Type"))
-				require.Equal(t, "application/json", r.Header.Get("Accept"))
+				require.Equal(t, api.JsonMediaType, r.Header.Get("Content-Type"))
+				require.Equal(t, api.JsonMediaType, r.Header.Get("Accept"))
 				var req structs.SignedBlindedBeaconBlockDeneb
 				err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&req)
 				require.NoError(t, err)
--- a/api/client/builder/types.go
+++ b/api/client/builder/types.go
@@ -5,13 +5,15 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"math/big"
 	"strconv"
+	"strings"

+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/hexutil"
 	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/api/server"
 	fieldparams "github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/config/fieldparams"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/config/params"
 	consensusblocks "github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/consensus-types/blocks"
-	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/consensus-types/interfaces"
 	types "github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/consensus-types/primitives"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/encoding/bytesutil"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/math"
@@ -414,54 +416,10 @@ func FromProtoDeneb(payload *v1.ExecutionPayloadDeneb) (ExecutionPayloadDeneb, e
 	}, nil
 }

-var errInvalidTypeConversion = errors.New("unable to translate between api and foreign type")
-
-// ExecutionPayloadResponseFromData converts an ExecutionData interface value to a payload response.
-// This involves serializing the execution payload value so that the abstract payload envelope can be used.
-func ExecutionPayloadResponseFromData(ed interfaces.ExecutionData, bundle *v1.BlobsBundle) (*ExecutionPayloadResponse, error) {
-	pb := ed.Proto()
-	var data interface{}
-	var err error
-	var ver string
-	switch pbStruct := pb.(type) {
-	case *v1.ExecutionPayload:
-		ver = version.String(version.Bellatrix)
-		data, err = FromProto(pbStruct)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "failed to convert a Bellatrix ExecutionPayload to an API response")
-		}
-	case *v1.ExecutionPayloadCapella:
-		ver = version.String(version.Capella)
-		data, err = FromProtoCapella(pbStruct)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "failed to convert a Capella ExecutionPayload to an API response")
-		}
-	case *v1.ExecutionPayloadDeneb:
-		ver = version.String(version.Deneb)
-		payloadStruct, err := FromProtoDeneb(pbStruct)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "failed to convert a Deneb ExecutionPayload to an API response")
-		}
-		data = &ExecutionPayloadDenebAndBlobsBundle{
-			ExecutionPayload: &payloadStruct,
-			BlobsBundle:      FromBundleProto(bundle),
-		}
-	default:
-		return nil, errInvalidTypeConversion
-	}
-	encoded, err := json.Marshal(data)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "failed to marshal execution payload version=%s", ver)
-	}
-	return &ExecutionPayloadResponse{
-		Version: ver,
-		Data:    encoded,
-	}, nil
-}
-
 // ExecHeaderResponseCapella is the response of builder API /eth/v1/builder/header/{slot}/{parent_hash}/{pubkey} for Capella.
 type ExecHeaderResponseCapella struct {
-	Data struct {
+	Version string `json:"version"`
+	Data    struct {
 		Signature hexutil.Bytes      `json:"signature"`
 		Message   *BuilderBidCapella `json:"message"`
 	} `json:"data"`
@@ -605,17 +563,25 @@ type BlobBundler interface {
 	BundleProto() (*v1.BlobsBundle, error)
 }

+// ParsedExecutionRequests can retrieve the underlying execution requests for the given execution payload response.
+type ParsedExecutionRequests interface {
+	ExecutionRequestsProto() (*v1.ExecutionRequests, error)
+}
+
 func (r *ExecutionPayloadResponse) ParsePayload() (ParsedPayload, error) {
 	var toProto ParsedPayload
-	switch r.Version {
-	case version.String(version.Bellatrix):
-		toProto = &ExecutionPayload{}
-	case version.String(version.Capella):
-		toProto = &ExecutionPayloadCapella{}
-	case version.String(version.Deneb):
+	v, err := version.FromString(strings.ToLower(r.Version))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, fmt.Sprintf("unsupported version %s", strings.ToLower(r.Version)))
+	}
+	if v >= version.Deneb {
 		toProto = &ExecutionPayloadDenebAndBlobsBundle{}
-	default:
-		return nil, consensusblocks.ErrUnsupportedVersion
+	} else if v >= version.Capella {
+		toProto = &ExecutionPayloadCapella{}
+	} else if v >= version.Bellatrix {
+		toProto = &ExecutionPayload{}
+	} else {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported version %s", strings.ToLower(r.Version))
 	}

 	if err := json.Unmarshal(r.Data, toProto); err != nil {
@@ -990,7 +956,8 @@ func (ch *BLSToExecutionChange) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {

 // ExecHeaderResponseDeneb is the header response for builder API /eth/v1/builder/header/{slot}/{parent_hash}/{pubkey}.
 type ExecHeaderResponseDeneb struct {
-	Data struct {
+	Version string `json:"version"`
+	Data    struct {
 		Signature hexutil.Bytes    `json:"signature"`
 		Message   *BuilderBidDeneb `json:"message"`
 	} `json:"data"`
@@ -1307,6 +1274,208 @@ func (p *ExecutionPayloadDeneb) ToProto() (*v1.ExecutionPayloadDeneb, error) {
 	}, nil
 }

+// ExecHeaderResponseElectra is the header response for builder API /eth/v1/builder/header/{slot}/{parent_hash}/{pubkey}.
+type ExecHeaderResponseElectra struct {
+	Version string `json:"version"`
+	Data    struct {
+		Signature hexutil.Bytes      `json:"signature"`
+		Message   *BuilderBidElectra `json:"message"`
+	} `json:"data"`
+}
+
+// ToProto creates a SignedBuilderBidElectra Proto from ExecHeaderResponseElectra.
+func (ehr *ExecHeaderResponseElectra) ToProto() (*eth.SignedBuilderBidElectra, error) {
+	bb, err := ehr.Data.Message.ToProto()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &eth.SignedBuilderBidElectra{
+		Message:   bb,
+		Signature: bytesutil.SafeCopyBytes(ehr.Data.Signature),
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// ToProto creates a BuilderBidElectra Proto from BuilderBidElectra.
+func (bb *BuilderBidElectra) ToProto() (*eth.BuilderBidElectra, error) {
+	header, err := bb.Header.ToProto()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if len(bb.BlobKzgCommitments) > params.BeaconConfig().MaxBlobsPerBlockByVersion(version.Electra) {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("blob commitment count %d exceeds the maximum %d", len(bb.BlobKzgCommitments), params.BeaconConfig().MaxBlobsPerBlockByVersion(version.Electra))
+	}
+	kzgCommitments := make([][]byte, len(bb.BlobKzgCommitments))
+	for i, commit := range bb.BlobKzgCommitments {
+		if len(commit) != fieldparams.BLSPubkeyLength {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("commitment length %d is not %d", len(commit), fieldparams.BLSPubkeyLength)
+		}
+		kzgCommitments[i] = bytesutil.SafeCopyBytes(commit)
+	}
+	// post electra execution requests should not be nil, if no requests exist use an empty request
+	if bb.ExecutionRequests == nil {
+		return nil, errors.New("bid contains nil execution requests")
+	}
+	executionRequests, err := bb.ExecutionRequests.ToProto()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "failed to convert ExecutionRequests")
+	}
+	return &eth.BuilderBidElectra{
+		Header:             header,
+		BlobKzgCommitments: kzgCommitments,
+		ExecutionRequests:  executionRequests,
+		// Note that SSZBytes() reverses byte order for the little-endian representation.
+		// Uint256.Bytes() is big-endian, SSZBytes takes this value and reverses it.
+		Value:  bytesutil.SafeCopyBytes(bb.Value.SSZBytes()),
+		Pubkey: bytesutil.SafeCopyBytes(bb.Pubkey),
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// ExecutionRequestsV1 is a wrapper for different execution requests
+type ExecutionRequestsV1 struct {
+	Deposits       []*DepositRequestV1       `json:"deposits"`
+	Withdrawals    []*WithdrawalRequestV1    `json:"withdrawals"`
+	Consolidations []*ConsolidationRequestV1 `json:"consolidations"`
+}
+
+func (er *ExecutionRequestsV1) ToProto() (*v1.ExecutionRequests, error) {
+	if uint64(len(er.Deposits)) > params.BeaconConfig().MaxDepositRequestsPerPayload {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("deposit requests count %d exceeds the maximum %d", len(er.Deposits), params.BeaconConfig().MaxDepositRequestsPerPayload)
+	}
+	deposits := make([]*v1.DepositRequest, len(er.Deposits))
+	for i, dep := range er.Deposits {
+		d, err := dep.ToProto()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		deposits[i] = d
+	}
+	if uint64(len(er.Withdrawals)) > params.BeaconConfig().MaxWithdrawalRequestsPerPayload {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("withdrawal requests count %d exceeds the maximum %d", len(er.Withdrawals), params.BeaconConfig().MaxWithdrawalRequestsPerPayload)
+	}
+	withdrawals := make([]*v1.WithdrawalRequest, len(er.Withdrawals))
+	for i, wr := range er.Withdrawals {
+		w, err := wr.ToProto()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		withdrawals[i] = w
+	}
+	if uint64(len(er.Consolidations)) > params.BeaconConfig().MaxConsolidationsRequestsPerPayload {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("consolidation requests count %d exceeds the maximum %d", len(er.Consolidations), params.BeaconConfig().MaxConsolidationsRequestsPerPayload)
+	}
+	consolidations := make([]*v1.ConsolidationRequest, len(er.Consolidations))
+	for i, con := range er.Consolidations {
+		c, err := con.ToProto()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		consolidations[i] = c
+	}
+	return &v1.ExecutionRequests{
+		Deposits:       deposits,
+		Withdrawals:    withdrawals,
+		Consolidations: consolidations,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// BuilderBidElectra is a field of ExecHeaderResponseElectra.
+type BuilderBidElectra struct {
+	Header             *ExecutionPayloadHeaderDeneb `json:"header"`
+	BlobKzgCommitments []hexutil.Bytes              `json:"blob_kzg_commitments"`
+	ExecutionRequests  *ExecutionRequestsV1         `json:"execution_requests"`
+	Value              Uint256                      `json:"value"`
+	Pubkey             hexutil.Bytes                `json:"pubkey"`
+}
+
+// WithdrawalRequestV1 is a field of ExecutionRequestsV1.
+type WithdrawalRequestV1 struct {
+	SourceAddress   hexutil.Bytes `json:"source_address"`
+	ValidatorPubkey hexutil.Bytes `json:"validator_pubkey"`
+	Amount          Uint256       `json:"amount"`
+}
+
+func (wr *WithdrawalRequestV1) ToProto() (*v1.WithdrawalRequest, error) {
+	srcAddress, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(wr.SourceAddress.String(), common.AddressLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "source_address")
+	}
+	pubkey, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(wr.ValidatorPubkey.String(), fieldparams.BLSPubkeyLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "validator_pubkey")
+	}
+
+	return &v1.WithdrawalRequest{
+		SourceAddress:   srcAddress,
+		ValidatorPubkey: pubkey,
+		Amount:          wr.Amount.Uint64(),
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// DepositRequestV1 is a field of ExecutionRequestsV1.
+type DepositRequestV1 struct {
+	PubKey hexutil.Bytes `json:"pubkey"`
+	// withdrawalCredentials: DATA, 32 Bytes
+	WithdrawalCredentials hexutil.Bytes `json:"withdrawal_credentials"`
+	// amount: QUANTITY, 64 Bits
+	Amount Uint256 `json:"amount"`
+	// signature: DATA, 96 Bytes
+	Signature hexutil.Bytes `json:"signature"`
+	// index: QUANTITY, 64 Bits
+	Index Uint256 `json:"index"`
+}
+
+func (dr *DepositRequestV1) ToProto() (*v1.DepositRequest, error) {
+	pubkey, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(dr.PubKey.String(), fieldparams.BLSPubkeyLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "pubkey")
+	}
+	wc, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(dr.WithdrawalCredentials.String(), fieldparams.RootLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "withdrawal_credentials")
+	}
+	sig, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(dr.Signature.String(), fieldparams.BLSSignatureLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "signature")
+	}
+	return &v1.DepositRequest{
+		Pubkey:                pubkey,
+		WithdrawalCredentials: wc,
+		Amount:                dr.Amount.Uint64(),
+		Signature:             sig,
+		Index:                 dr.Index.Uint64(),
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// ConsolidationRequestV1 is a field of ExecutionRequestsV1.
+type ConsolidationRequestV1 struct {
+	// sourceAddress: DATA, 20 Bytes
+	SourceAddress hexutil.Bytes `json:"source_address"`
+	// sourcePubkey: DATA, 48 Bytes
+	SourcePubkey hexutil.Bytes `json:"source_pubkey"`
+	// targetPubkey: DATA, 48 Bytes
+	TargetPubkey hexutil.Bytes `json:"target_pubkey"`
+}
+
+func (cr *ConsolidationRequestV1) ToProto() (*v1.ConsolidationRequest, error) {
+	srcAddress, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(cr.SourceAddress.String(), common.AddressLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "source_address")
+	}
+	sourcePubkey, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(cr.SourcePubkey.String(), fieldparams.BLSPubkeyLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "source_pubkey")
+	}
+	targetPubkey, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(cr.TargetPubkey.String(), fieldparams.BLSPubkeyLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "target_pubkey")
+	}
+	return &v1.ConsolidationRequest{
+		SourceAddress: srcAddress,
+		SourcePubkey:  sourcePubkey,
+		TargetPubkey:  targetPubkey,
+	}, nil
+}
+
 // ErrorMessage is a JSON representation of the builder API's returned error message.
 type ErrorMessage struct {
 	Code        int      `json:"code"`
--- a/api/client/builder/types_test.go
+++ b/api/client/builder/types_test.go
@@ -154,6 +154,64 @@ var testExampleHeaderResponseDeneb = `{
  }
 }`

+var testExampleHeaderResponseElectra = `{
+  "version": "electra",
+  "data": {
+    "message": {
+      "header": {
+        "parent_hash": "0xcf8e0d4e9587369b2301d0790347320302cc0943d5a1884560367e8208d920f2",
+        "fee_recipient": "0xabcf8e0d4e9587369b2301d0790347320302cc09",
+        "state_root": "0xcf8e0d4e9587369b2301d0790347320302cc0943d5a1884560367e8208d920f2",
+        "receipts_root": "0xcf8e0d4e9587369b2301d0790347320302cc0943d5a1884560367e8208d920f2",
+        "logs_bloom": "0x00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
+        "prev_randao": "0xcf8e0d4e9587369b2301d0790347320302cc0943d5a1884560367e8208d920f2",
+        "block_number": "1",
+        "gas_limit": "1",
+        "gas_used": "1",
+        "timestamp": "1",
+        "extra_data": "0xcf8e0d4e9587369b2301d0790347320302cc0943d5a1884560367e8208d920f2",
+        "base_fee_per_gas": "1",
+        "blob_gas_used": "1",
+        "excess_blob_gas": "1",
+        "block_hash": "0xcf8e0d4e9587369b2301d0790347320302cc0943d5a1884560367e8208d920f2",
+        "transactions_root": "0xcf8e0d4e9587369b2301d0790347320302cc0943d5a1884560367e8208d920f2",
+        "withdrawals_root": "0xcf8e0d4e9587369b2301d0790347320302cc0943d5a1884560367e8208d920f2"
+      },
+      "blob_kzg_commitments": [
+        "0xa94170080872584e54a1cf092d845703b13907f2e6b3b1c0ad573b910530499e3bcd48c6378846b80d2bfa58c81cf3d5"
+      ],
+      "execution_requests": {
+        "deposits": [
+          {
+            "pubkey": "0x93247f2209abcacf57b75a51dafae777f9dd38bc7053d1af526f220a7489a6d3a2753e5f3e8b1cfe39b56f43611df74a",
+            "withdrawal_credentials": "0xcf8e0d4e9587369b2301d0790347320302cc0943d5a1884560367e8208d920f2",
+            "amount": "1",
+            "signature": "0x1b66ac1fb663c9bc59509846d6ec05345bd908eda73e670af888da41af171505cc411d61252fb6cb3fa0017b679f8bb2305b26a285fa2737f175668d0dff91cc1b66ac1fb663c9bc59509846d6ec05345bd908eda73e670af888da41af171505",
+            "index": "1"
+          }
+        ],
+        "withdrawals": [
+          {
+            "source_address": "0xabcf8e0d4e9587369b2301d0790347320302cc09",
+            "validator_pubkey": "0x93247f2209abcacf57b75a51dafae777f9dd38bc7053d1af526f220a7489a6d3a2753e5f3e8b1cfe39b56f43611df74a",
+            "amount": "1"
+          }
+        ],
+        "consolidations": [
+          {
+            "source_address": "0xabcf8e0d4e9587369b2301d0790347320302cc09",
+            "source_pubkey": "0x93247f2209abcacf57b75a51dafae777f9dd38bc7053d1af526f220a7489a6d3a2753e5f3e8b1cfe39b56f43611df74a",
+            "target_pubkey": "0x93247f2209abcacf57b75a51dafae777f9dd38bc7053d1af526f220a7489a6d3a2753e5f3e8b1cfe39b56f43611df74a"
+          }
+        ]
+      },
+      "value": "652312848583266388373324160190187140051835877600158453279131187530910662656",
+      "pubkey": "0x93247f2209abcacf57b75a51dafae777f9dd38bc7053d1af526f220a7489a6d3a2753e5f3e8b1cfe39b56f43611df74a"
+    },
+    "signature": "0x1b66ac1fb663c9bc59509846d6ec05345bd908eda73e670af888da41af171505cc411d61252fb6cb3fa0017b679f8bb2305b26a285fa2737f175668d0dff91cc1b66ac1fb663c9bc59509846d6ec05345bd908eda73e670af888da41af171505"
+  }
+}`
+
 var testExampleHeaderResponseDenebNoBundle = `{
  "version": "deneb",
  "data": {
@@ -1924,9 +1982,9 @@ func TestEmptyResponseBody(t *testing.T) {
 		emptyResponse := &ExecutionPayloadResponse{}
 		require.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal(empty, emptyResponse))
 		_, err := emptyResponse.ParsePayload()
-		require.ErrorIs(t, err, consensusblocks.ErrUnsupportedVersion)
+		require.ErrorContains(t, "unsupported version", err)
 	})
-	versions := []int{version.Bellatrix, version.Capella, version.Deneb}
+	versions := []int{version.Bellatrix, version.Capella, version.Deneb, version.Electra}
 	for i := range versions {
 		vstr := version.String(versions[i])
 		t.Run("populated version without payload"+vstr, func(t *testing.T) {
--- a/api/grpc/grpcutils.go
+++ b/api/grpc/grpcutils.go
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ func AppendHeaders(parent context.Context, headers []string) context.Context {
 				logrus.Warnf("Incorrect gRPC header flag format. Skipping %v", keyValue[0])
 				continue
 			}
-			parent = metadata.AppendToOutgoingContext(parent, keyValue[0], strings.Join(keyValue[1:], "="))
+			parent = metadata.AppendToOutgoingContext(parent, keyValue[0], strings.Join(keyValue[1:], "=")) // nolint:fatcontext
 		}
 	}
 	return parent
--- a/api/server/structs/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/api/server/structs/BUILD.bazel
@@ -4,9 +4,11 @@ go_library(
    name = "go_default_library",
    srcs = [
        "block.go",
+        "block_execution.go",
        "conversions.go",
        "conversions_blob.go",
        "conversions_block.go",
+        "conversions_block_execution.go",
        "conversions_lightclient.go",
        "conversions_state.go",
        "endpoints_beacon.go",
@@ -28,6 +30,7 @@ go_library(
        "//api/server:go_default_library",
        "//beacon-chain/state:go_default_library",
        "//config/fieldparams:go_default_library",
+        "//config/params:go_default_library",
        "//consensus-types/interfaces:go_default_library",
        "//consensus-types/primitives:go_default_library",
        "//consensus-types/validator:go_default_library",
@@ -46,10 +49,16 @@ go_library(

 go_test(
    name = "go_default_test",
-    srcs = ["conversions_test.go"],
+    srcs = [
+        "conversions_block_execution_test.go",
+        "conversions_test.go",
+    ],
    embed = [":go_default_library"],
    deps = [
+        "//proto/engine/v1:go_default_library",
        "//proto/prysm/v1alpha1:go_default_library",
        "//testing/require:go_default_library",
+        "@com_github_ethereum_go_ethereum//common:go_default_library",
+        "@com_github_ethereum_go_ethereum//common/hexutil:go_default_library",
    ],
 )
--- a/api/server/structs/block.go
+++ b/api/server/structs/block.go
@@ -186,40 +186,6 @@ type BlindedBeaconBlockBodyBellatrix struct {
 	ExecutionPayloadHeader *ExecutionPayloadHeader `json:"execution_payload_header"`
 }

-type ExecutionPayload struct {
-	ParentHash    string   `json:"parent_hash"`
-	FeeRecipient  string   `json:"fee_recipient"`
-	StateRoot     string   `json:"state_root"`
-	ReceiptsRoot  string   `json:"receipts_root"`
-	LogsBloom     string   `json:"logs_bloom"`
-	PrevRandao    string   `json:"prev_randao"`
-	BlockNumber   string   `json:"block_number"`
-	GasLimit      string   `json:"gas_limit"`
-	GasUsed       string   `json:"gas_used"`
-	Timestamp     string   `json:"timestamp"`
-	ExtraData     string   `json:"extra_data"`
-	BaseFeePerGas string   `json:"base_fee_per_gas"`
-	BlockHash     string   `json:"block_hash"`
-	Transactions  []string `json:"transactions"`
-}
-
-type ExecutionPayloadHeader struct {
-	ParentHash       string `json:"parent_hash"`
-	FeeRecipient     string `json:"fee_recipient"`
-	StateRoot        string `json:"state_root"`
-	ReceiptsRoot     string `json:"receipts_root"`
-	LogsBloom        string `json:"logs_bloom"`
-	PrevRandao       string `json:"prev_randao"`
-	BlockNumber      string `json:"block_number"`
-	GasLimit         string `json:"gas_limit"`
-	GasUsed          string `json:"gas_used"`
-	Timestamp        string `json:"timestamp"`
-	ExtraData        string `json:"extra_data"`
-	BaseFeePerGas    string `json:"base_fee_per_gas"`
-	BlockHash        string `json:"block_hash"`
-	TransactionsRoot string `json:"transactions_root"`
-}
-
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Capella
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -298,42 +264,6 @@ type BlindedBeaconBlockBodyCapella struct {
 	BLSToExecutionChanges  []*SignedBLSToExecutionChange  `json:"bls_to_execution_changes"`
 }

-type ExecutionPayloadCapella struct {
-	ParentHash    string        `json:"parent_hash"`
-	FeeRecipient  string        `json:"fee_recipient"`
-	StateRoot     string        `json:"state_root"`
-	ReceiptsRoot  string        `json:"receipts_root"`
-	LogsBloom     string        `json:"logs_bloom"`
-	PrevRandao    string        `json:"prev_randao"`
-	BlockNumber   string        `json:"block_number"`
-	GasLimit      string        `json:"gas_limit"`
-	GasUsed       string        `json:"gas_used"`
-	Timestamp     string        `json:"timestamp"`
-	ExtraData     string        `json:"extra_data"`
-	BaseFeePerGas string        `json:"base_fee_per_gas"`
-	BlockHash     string        `json:"block_hash"`
-	Transactions  []string      `json:"transactions"`
-	Withdrawals   []*Withdrawal `json:"withdrawals"`
-}
-
-type ExecutionPayloadHeaderCapella struct {
-	ParentHash       string `json:"parent_hash"`
-	FeeRecipient     string `json:"fee_recipient"`
-	StateRoot        string `json:"state_root"`
-	ReceiptsRoot     string `json:"receipts_root"`
-	LogsBloom        string `json:"logs_bloom"`
-	PrevRandao       string `json:"prev_randao"`
-	BlockNumber      string `json:"block_number"`
-	GasLimit         string `json:"gas_limit"`
-	GasUsed          string `json:"gas_used"`
-	Timestamp        string `json:"timestamp"`
-	ExtraData        string `json:"extra_data"`
-	BaseFeePerGas    string `json:"base_fee_per_gas"`
-	BlockHash        string `json:"block_hash"`
-	TransactionsRoot string `json:"transactions_root"`
-	WithdrawalsRoot  string `json:"withdrawals_root"`
-}
-
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Deneb
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -426,46 +356,6 @@ type BlindedBeaconBlockBodyDeneb struct {
 	BlobKzgCommitments     []string                      `json:"blob_kzg_commitments"`
 }

-type ExecutionPayloadDeneb struct {
-	ParentHash    string        `json:"parent_hash"`
-	FeeRecipient  string        `json:"fee_recipient"`
-	StateRoot     string        `json:"state_root"`
-	ReceiptsRoot  string        `json:"receipts_root"`
-	LogsBloom     string        `json:"logs_bloom"`
-	PrevRandao    string        `json:"prev_randao"`
-	BlockNumber   string        `json:"block_number"`
-	GasLimit      string        `json:"gas_limit"`
-	GasUsed       string        `json:"gas_used"`
-	Timestamp     string        `json:"timestamp"`
-	ExtraData     string        `json:"extra_data"`
-	BaseFeePerGas string        `json:"base_fee_per_gas"`
-	BlockHash     string        `json:"block_hash"`
-	Transactions  []string      `json:"transactions"`
-	Withdrawals   []*Withdrawal `json:"withdrawals"`
-	BlobGasUsed   string        `json:"blob_gas_used"`
-	ExcessBlobGas string        `json:"excess_blob_gas"`
-}
-
-type ExecutionPayloadHeaderDeneb struct {
-	ParentHash       string `json:"parent_hash"`
-	FeeRecipient     string `json:"fee_recipient"`
-	StateRoot        string `json:"state_root"`
-	ReceiptsRoot     string `json:"receipts_root"`
-	LogsBloom        string `json:"logs_bloom"`
-	PrevRandao       string `json:"prev_randao"`
-	BlockNumber      string `json:"block_number"`
-	GasLimit         string `json:"gas_limit"`
-	GasUsed          string `json:"gas_used"`
-	Timestamp        string `json:"timestamp"`
-	ExtraData        string `json:"extra_data"`
-	BaseFeePerGas    string `json:"base_fee_per_gas"`
-	BlockHash        string `json:"block_hash"`
-	TransactionsRoot string `json:"transactions_root"`
-	WithdrawalsRoot  string `json:"withdrawals_root"`
-	BlobGasUsed      string `json:"blob_gas_used"`
-	ExcessBlobGas    string `json:"excess_blob_gas"`
-}
-
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Electra
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -560,14 +450,6 @@ type BlindedBeaconBlockBodyElectra struct {
 	ExecutionRequests      *ExecutionRequests            `json:"execution_requests"`
 }

-type (
-	ExecutionRequests struct {
-		Deposits       []*DepositRequest       `json:"deposits"`
-		Withdrawals    []*WithdrawalRequest    `json:"withdrawals"`
-		Consolidations []*ConsolidationRequest `json:"consolidations"`
-	}
-)
-
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Fulu
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -579,14 +461,14 @@ type SignedBeaconBlockContentsFulu struct {
 }

 type BeaconBlockContentsFulu struct {
-	Block     *BeaconBlockFulu `json:"block"`
-	KzgProofs []string         `json:"kzg_proofs"`
-	Blobs     []string         `json:"blobs"`
+	Block     *BeaconBlockElectra `json:"block"`
+	KzgProofs []string            `json:"kzg_proofs"`
+	Blobs     []string            `json:"blobs"`
 }

 type SignedBeaconBlockFulu struct {
-	Message   *BeaconBlockFulu `json:"message"`
-	Signature string           `json:"signature"`
+	Message   *BeaconBlockElectra `json:"message"`
+	Signature string              `json:"signature"`
 }

 var _ SignedMessageJsoner = &SignedBeaconBlockFulu{}
@@ -599,36 +481,12 @@ func (s *SignedBeaconBlockFulu) SigString() string {
 	return s.Signature
 }

-type BeaconBlockFulu struct {
-	Slot          string               `json:"slot"`
-	ProposerIndex string               `json:"proposer_index"`
-	ParentRoot    string               `json:"parent_root"`
-	StateRoot     string               `json:"state_root"`
-	Body          *BeaconBlockBodyFulu `json:"body"`
-}
-
-type BeaconBlockBodyFulu struct {
-	RandaoReveal          string                        `json:"randao_reveal"`
-	Eth1Data              *Eth1Data                     `json:"eth1_data"`
-	Graffiti              string                        `json:"graffiti"`
-	ProposerSlashings     []*ProposerSlashing           `json:"proposer_slashings"`
-	AttesterSlashings     []*AttesterSlashingElectra    `json:"attester_slashings"`
-	Attestations          []*AttestationElectra         `json:"attestations"`
-	Deposits              []*Deposit                    `json:"deposits"`
-	VoluntaryExits        []*SignedVoluntaryExit        `json:"voluntary_exits"`
-	SyncAggregate         *SyncAggregate                `json:"sync_aggregate"`
-	ExecutionPayload      *ExecutionPayloadDeneb        `json:"execution_payload"`
-	BLSToExecutionChanges []*SignedBLSToExecutionChange `json:"bls_to_execution_changes"`
-	BlobKzgCommitments    []string                      `json:"blob_kzg_commitments"`
-	ExecutionRequests     *ExecutionRequests            `json:"execution_requests"`
-}
-
 type BlindedBeaconBlockFulu struct {
-	Slot          string                      `json:"slot"`
-	ProposerIndex string                      `json:"proposer_index"`
-	ParentRoot    string                      `json:"parent_root"`
-	StateRoot     string                      `json:"state_root"`
-	Body          *BlindedBeaconBlockBodyFulu `json:"body"`
+	Slot          string                         `json:"slot"`
+	ProposerIndex string                         `json:"proposer_index"`
+	ParentRoot    string                         `json:"parent_root"`
+	StateRoot     string                         `json:"state_root"`
+	Body          *BlindedBeaconBlockBodyElectra `json:"body"`
 }

 type SignedBlindedBeaconBlockFulu struct {
@@ -645,19 +503,3 @@ func (s *SignedBlindedBeaconBlockFulu) MessageRawJson() ([]byte, error) {
 func (s *SignedBlindedBeaconBlockFulu) SigString() string {
 	return s.Signature
 }
-
-type BlindedBeaconBlockBodyFulu struct {
-	RandaoReveal           string                        `json:"randao_reveal"`
-	Eth1Data               *Eth1Data                     `json:"eth1_data"`
-	Graffiti               string                        `json:"graffiti"`
-	ProposerSlashings      []*ProposerSlashing           `json:"proposer_slashings"`
-	AttesterSlashings      []*AttesterSlashingElectra    `json:"attester_slashings"`
-	Attestations           []*AttestationElectra         `json:"attestations"`
-	Deposits               []*Deposit                    `json:"deposits"`
-	VoluntaryExits         []*SignedVoluntaryExit        `json:"voluntary_exits"`
-	SyncAggregate          *SyncAggregate                `json:"sync_aggregate"`
-	ExecutionPayloadHeader *ExecutionPayloadHeaderDeneb  `json:"execution_payload_header"`
-	BLSToExecutionChanges  []*SignedBLSToExecutionChange `json:"bls_to_execution_changes"`
-	BlobKzgCommitments     []string                      `json:"blob_kzg_commitments"`
-	ExecutionRequests      *ExecutionRequests            `json:"execution_requests"`
-}
--- a/api/server/structs/block_execution.go
+++ b/api/server/structs/block_execution.go
@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+package structs
+
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Bellatrix
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+type ExecutionPayload struct {
+	ParentHash    string   `json:"parent_hash"`
+	FeeRecipient  string   `json:"fee_recipient"`
+	StateRoot     string   `json:"state_root"`
+	ReceiptsRoot  string   `json:"receipts_root"`
+	LogsBloom     string   `json:"logs_bloom"`
+	PrevRandao    string   `json:"prev_randao"`
+	BlockNumber   string   `json:"block_number"`
+	GasLimit      string   `json:"gas_limit"`
+	GasUsed       string   `json:"gas_used"`
+	Timestamp     string   `json:"timestamp"`
+	ExtraData     string   `json:"extra_data"`
+	BaseFeePerGas string   `json:"base_fee_per_gas"`
+	BlockHash     string   `json:"block_hash"`
+	Transactions  []string `json:"transactions"`
+}
+
+type ExecutionPayloadHeader struct {
+	ParentHash       string `json:"parent_hash"`
+	FeeRecipient     string `json:"fee_recipient"`
+	StateRoot        string `json:"state_root"`
+	ReceiptsRoot     string `json:"receipts_root"`
+	LogsBloom        string `json:"logs_bloom"`
+	PrevRandao       string `json:"prev_randao"`
+	BlockNumber      string `json:"block_number"`
+	GasLimit         string `json:"gas_limit"`
+	GasUsed          string `json:"gas_used"`
+	Timestamp        string `json:"timestamp"`
+	ExtraData        string `json:"extra_data"`
+	BaseFeePerGas    string `json:"base_fee_per_gas"`
+	BlockHash        string `json:"block_hash"`
+	TransactionsRoot string `json:"transactions_root"`
+}
+
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Capella
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+type ExecutionPayloadCapella struct {
+	ParentHash    string        `json:"parent_hash"`
+	FeeRecipient  string        `json:"fee_recipient"`
+	StateRoot     string        `json:"state_root"`
+	ReceiptsRoot  string        `json:"receipts_root"`
+	LogsBloom     string        `json:"logs_bloom"`
+	PrevRandao    string        `json:"prev_randao"`
+	BlockNumber   string        `json:"block_number"`
+	GasLimit      string        `json:"gas_limit"`
+	GasUsed       string        `json:"gas_used"`
+	Timestamp     string        `json:"timestamp"`
+	ExtraData     string        `json:"extra_data"`
+	BaseFeePerGas string        `json:"base_fee_per_gas"`
+	BlockHash     string        `json:"block_hash"`
+	Transactions  []string      `json:"transactions"`
+	Withdrawals   []*Withdrawal `json:"withdrawals"`
+}
+
+type ExecutionPayloadHeaderCapella struct {
+	ParentHash       string `json:"parent_hash"`
+	FeeRecipient     string `json:"fee_recipient"`
+	StateRoot        string `json:"state_root"`
+	ReceiptsRoot     string `json:"receipts_root"`
+	LogsBloom        string `json:"logs_bloom"`
+	PrevRandao       string `json:"prev_randao"`
+	BlockNumber      string `json:"block_number"`
+	GasLimit         string `json:"gas_limit"`
+	GasUsed          string `json:"gas_used"`
+	Timestamp        string `json:"timestamp"`
+	ExtraData        string `json:"extra_data"`
+	BaseFeePerGas    string `json:"base_fee_per_gas"`
+	BlockHash        string `json:"block_hash"`
+	TransactionsRoot string `json:"transactions_root"`
+	WithdrawalsRoot  string `json:"withdrawals_root"`
+}
+
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Deneb
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+type ExecutionPayloadDeneb struct {
+	ParentHash    string        `json:"parent_hash"`
+	FeeRecipient  string        `json:"fee_recipient"`
+	StateRoot     string        `json:"state_root"`
+	ReceiptsRoot  string        `json:"receipts_root"`
+	LogsBloom     string        `json:"logs_bloom"`
+	PrevRandao    string        `json:"prev_randao"`
+	BlockNumber   string        `json:"block_number"`
+	GasLimit      string        `json:"gas_limit"`
+	GasUsed       string        `json:"gas_used"`
+	Timestamp     string        `json:"timestamp"`
+	ExtraData     string        `json:"extra_data"`
+	BaseFeePerGas string        `json:"base_fee_per_gas"`
+	BlockHash     string        `json:"block_hash"`
+	Transactions  []string      `json:"transactions"`
+	Withdrawals   []*Withdrawal `json:"withdrawals"`
+	BlobGasUsed   string        `json:"blob_gas_used"`
+	ExcessBlobGas string        `json:"excess_blob_gas"`
+}
+
+type ExecutionPayloadHeaderDeneb struct {
+	ParentHash       string `json:"parent_hash"`
+	FeeRecipient     string `json:"fee_recipient"`
+	StateRoot        string `json:"state_root"`
+	ReceiptsRoot     string `json:"receipts_root"`
+	LogsBloom        string `json:"logs_bloom"`
+	PrevRandao       string `json:"prev_randao"`
+	BlockNumber      string `json:"block_number"`
+	GasLimit         string `json:"gas_limit"`
+	GasUsed          string `json:"gas_used"`
+	Timestamp        string `json:"timestamp"`
+	ExtraData        string `json:"extra_data"`
+	BaseFeePerGas    string `json:"base_fee_per_gas"`
+	BlockHash        string `json:"block_hash"`
+	TransactionsRoot string `json:"transactions_root"`
+	WithdrawalsRoot  string `json:"withdrawals_root"`
+	BlobGasUsed      string `json:"blob_gas_used"`
+	ExcessBlobGas    string `json:"excess_blob_gas"`
+}
+
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Electra
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+type ExecutionRequests struct {
+	Deposits       []*DepositRequest       `json:"deposits"`
+	Withdrawals    []*WithdrawalRequest    `json:"withdrawals"`
+	Consolidations []*ConsolidationRequest `json:"consolidations"`
+}
+
+type DepositRequest struct {
+	Pubkey                string `json:"pubkey"`
+	WithdrawalCredentials string `json:"withdrawal_credentials"`
+	Amount                string `json:"amount"`
+	Signature             string `json:"signature"`
+	Index                 string `json:"index"`
+}
+
+type WithdrawalRequest struct {
+	SourceAddress   string `json:"source_address"`
+	ValidatorPubkey string `json:"validator_pubkey"`
+	Amount          string `json:"amount"`
+}
+
+type ConsolidationRequest struct {
+	SourceAddress string `json:"source_address"`
+	SourcePubkey  string `json:"source_pubkey"`
+	TargetPubkey  string `json:"target_pubkey"`
+}
+
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Fulu
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
--- a/api/server/structs/conversions.go
+++ b/api/server/structs/conversions.go
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/pkg/errors"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/api/server"
 	fieldparams "github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/config/fieldparams"
+	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/config/params"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/consensus-types/primitives"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/consensus-types/validator"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/container/slice"
@@ -51,6 +52,9 @@ func HistoricalSummaryFromConsensus(s *eth.HistoricalSummary) *HistoricalSummary
 }

 func (s *SignedBLSToExecutionChange) ToConsensus() (*eth.SignedBLSToExecutionChange, error) {
+	if s.Message == nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, "Message")
+	}
 	change, err := s.Message.ToConsensus()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "Message")
@@ -102,14 +106,17 @@ func SignedBLSChangeFromConsensus(ch *eth.SignedBLSToExecutionChange) *SignedBLS

 func SignedBLSChangesToConsensus(src []*SignedBLSToExecutionChange) ([]*eth.SignedBLSToExecutionChange, error) {
 	if src == nil {
-		return nil, errNilValue
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, "SignedBLSToExecutionChanges")
 	}
 	err := slice.VerifyMaxLength(src, 16)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "SignedBLSToExecutionChanges")
 	}
 	changes := make([]*eth.SignedBLSToExecutionChange, len(src))
 	for i, ch := range src {
+		if ch == nil {
+			return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, fmt.Sprintf("[%d]", i))
+		}
 		changes[i], err = ch.ToConsensus()
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, fmt.Sprintf("[%d]", i))
@@ -155,6 +162,9 @@ func ForkFromConsensus(f *eth.Fork) *Fork {
 }

 func (s *SignedValidatorRegistration) ToConsensus() (*eth.SignedValidatorRegistrationV1, error) {
+	if s.Message == nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, "Message")
+	}
 	msg, err := s.Message.ToConsensus()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "Message")
@@ -211,6 +221,9 @@ func SignedValidatorRegistrationFromConsensus(vr *eth.SignedValidatorRegistratio
 }

 func (s *SignedContributionAndProof) ToConsensus() (*eth.SignedContributionAndProof, error) {
+	if s.Message == nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, "Message")
+	}
 	msg, err := s.Message.ToConsensus()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "Message")
@@ -235,6 +248,9 @@ func SignedContributionAndProofFromConsensus(c *eth.SignedContributionAndProof)
 }

 func (c *ContributionAndProof) ToConsensus() (*eth.ContributionAndProof, error) {
+	if c.Contribution == nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, "Contribution")
+	}
 	contribution, err := c.Contribution.ToConsensus()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "Contribution")
@@ -243,7 +259,7 @@ func (c *ContributionAndProof) ToConsensus() (*eth.ContributionAndProof, error)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "AggregatorIndex")
 	}
-	selectionProof, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(c.SelectionProof, 96)
+	selectionProof, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(c.SelectionProof, fieldparams.BLSSignatureLength)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "SelectionProof")
 	}
@@ -306,6 +322,9 @@ func SyncCommitteeContributionFromConsensus(c *eth.SyncCommitteeContribution) *S
 }

 func (s *SignedAggregateAttestationAndProof) ToConsensus() (*eth.SignedAggregateAttestationAndProof, error) {
+	if s.Message == nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, "Message")
+	}
 	msg, err := s.Message.ToConsensus()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "Message")
@@ -326,11 +345,14 @@ func (a *AggregateAttestationAndProof) ToConsensus() (*eth.AggregateAttestationA
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "AggregatorIndex")
 	}
+	if a.Aggregate == nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, "Aggregate")
+	}
 	agg, err := a.Aggregate.ToConsensus()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "Aggregate")
 	}
-	proof, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(a.SelectionProof, 96)
+	proof, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(a.SelectionProof, fieldparams.BLSSignatureLength)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "SelectionProof")
 	}
@@ -342,6 +364,9 @@ func (a *AggregateAttestationAndProof) ToConsensus() (*eth.AggregateAttestationA
 }

 func (s *SignedAggregateAttestationAndProofElectra) ToConsensus() (*eth.SignedAggregateAttestationAndProofElectra, error) {
+	if s.Message == nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, "Message")
+	}
 	msg, err := s.Message.ToConsensus()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "Message")
@@ -362,11 +387,14 @@ func (a *AggregateAttestationAndProofElectra) ToConsensus() (*eth.AggregateAttes
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "AggregatorIndex")
 	}
+	if a.Aggregate == nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, "Aggregate")
+	}
 	agg, err := a.Aggregate.ToConsensus()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "Aggregate")
 	}
-	proof, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(a.SelectionProof, 96)
+	proof, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(a.SelectionProof, fieldparams.BLSSignatureLength)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "SelectionProof")
 	}
@@ -382,6 +410,9 @@ func (a *Attestation) ToConsensus() (*eth.Attestation, error) {
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "AggregationBits")
 	}
+	if a.Data == nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, "Data")
+	}
 	data, err := a.Data.ToConsensus()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "Data")
@@ -411,6 +442,9 @@ func (a *AttestationElectra) ToConsensus() (*eth.AttestationElectra, error) {
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "AggregationBits")
 	}
+	if a.Data == nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, "Data")
+	}
 	data, err := a.Data.ToConsensus()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "Data")
@@ -432,6 +466,44 @@ func (a *AttestationElectra) ToConsensus() (*eth.AttestationElectra, error) {
 	}, nil
 }

+func SingleAttFromConsensus(a *eth.SingleAttestation) *SingleAttestation {
+	return &SingleAttestation{
+		CommitteeIndex: fmt.Sprintf("%d", a.CommitteeId),
+		AttesterIndex:  fmt.Sprintf("%d", a.AttesterIndex),
+		Data:           AttDataFromConsensus(a.Data),
+		Signature:      hexutil.Encode(a.Signature),
+	}
+}
+
+func (a *SingleAttestation) ToConsensus() (*eth.SingleAttestation, error) {
+	ci, err := strconv.ParseUint(a.CommitteeIndex, 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "CommitteeIndex")
+	}
+	ai, err := strconv.ParseUint(a.AttesterIndex, 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "AttesterIndex")
+	}
+	if a.Data == nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, "Data")
+	}
+	data, err := a.Data.ToConsensus()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "Data")
+	}
+	sig, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(a.Signature, fieldparams.BLSSignatureLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "Signature")
+	}
+
+	return &eth.SingleAttestation{
+		CommitteeId:   primitives.CommitteeIndex(ci),
+		AttesterIndex: primitives.ValidatorIndex(ai),
+		Data:          data,
+		Signature:     sig,
+	}, nil
+}
+
 func AttElectraFromConsensus(a *eth.AttestationElectra) *AttestationElectra {
 	return &AttestationElectra{
 		AggregationBits: hexutil.Encode(a.AggregationBits),
@@ -454,10 +526,16 @@ func (a *AttestationData) ToConsensus() (*eth.AttestationData, error) {
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "BeaconBlockRoot")
 	}
+	if a.Source == nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, "Source")
+	}
 	source, err := a.Source.ToConsensus()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "Source")
 	}
+	if a.Target == nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, "Target")
+	}
 	target, err := a.Target.ToConsensus()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "Target")
@@ -557,15 +635,17 @@ func (b *BeaconCommitteeSubscription) ToConsensus() (*validator.BeaconCommitteeS
 }

 func (e *SignedVoluntaryExit) ToConsensus() (*eth.SignedVoluntaryExit, error) {
-	sig, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.Signature, fieldparams.BLSSignatureLength)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "Signature")
+	if e.Message == nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, "Message")
 	}
 	exit, err := e.Message.ToConsensus()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "Message")
 	}
-
+	sig, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.Signature, fieldparams.BLSSignatureLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "Signature")
+	}
 	return &eth.SignedVoluntaryExit{
 		Exit:      exit,
 		Signature: sig,
@@ -668,10 +748,16 @@ func Eth1DataFromConsensus(e1d *eth.Eth1Data) *Eth1Data {
 }

 func (s *ProposerSlashing) ToConsensus() (*eth.ProposerSlashing, error) {
+	if s.SignedHeader1 == nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, "SignedHeader1")
+	}
 	h1, err := s.SignedHeader1.ToConsensus()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "SignedHeader1")
 	}
+	if s.SignedHeader2 == nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, "SignedHeader2")
+	}
 	h2, err := s.SignedHeader2.ToConsensus()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "SignedHeader2")
@@ -684,10 +770,16 @@ func (s *ProposerSlashing) ToConsensus() (*eth.ProposerSlashing, error) {
 }

 func (s *AttesterSlashing) ToConsensus() (*eth.AttesterSlashing, error) {
+	if s.Attestation1 == nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, "Attestation1")
+	}
 	att1, err := s.Attestation1.ToConsensus()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "Attestation1")
 	}
+	if s.Attestation2 == nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, "Attestation2")
+	}
 	att2, err := s.Attestation2.ToConsensus()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "Attestation2")
@@ -696,10 +788,16 @@ func (s *AttesterSlashing) ToConsensus() (*eth.AttesterSlashing, error) {
 }

 func (s *AttesterSlashingElectra) ToConsensus() (*eth.AttesterSlashingElectra, error) {
+	if s.Attestation1 == nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, "Attestation1")
+	}
 	att1, err := s.Attestation1.ToConsensus()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "Attestation1")
 	}
+	if s.Attestation2 == nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, "Attestation2")
+	}
 	att2, err := s.Attestation2.ToConsensus()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "Attestation2")
@@ -708,6 +806,10 @@ func (s *AttesterSlashingElectra) ToConsensus() (*eth.AttesterSlashingElectra, e
 }

 func (a *IndexedAttestation) ToConsensus() (*eth.IndexedAttestation, error) {
+	if err := slice.VerifyMaxLength(a.AttestingIndices, params.BeaconConfig().MaxValidatorsPerCommittee); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
 	indices := make([]uint64, len(a.AttestingIndices))
 	var err error
 	for i, ix := range a.AttestingIndices {
@@ -716,6 +818,9 @@ func (a *IndexedAttestation) ToConsensus() (*eth.IndexedAttestation, error) {
 			return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, fmt.Sprintf("AttestingIndices[%d]", i))
 		}
 	}
+	if a.Data == nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, "Data")
+	}
 	data, err := a.Data.ToConsensus()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "Data")
@@ -733,6 +838,13 @@ func (a *IndexedAttestation) ToConsensus() (*eth.IndexedAttestation, error) {
 }

 func (a *IndexedAttestationElectra) ToConsensus() (*eth.IndexedAttestationElectra, error) {
+	if err := slice.VerifyMaxLength(
+		a.AttestingIndices,
+		params.BeaconConfig().MaxValidatorsPerCommittee*params.BeaconConfig().MaxCommitteesPerSlot,
+	); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
 	indices := make([]uint64, len(a.AttestingIndices))
 	var err error
 	for i, ix := range a.AttestingIndices {
@@ -741,6 +853,9 @@ func (a *IndexedAttestationElectra) ToConsensus() (*eth.IndexedAttestationElectr
 			return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, fmt.Sprintf("AttestingIndices[%d]", i))
 		}
 	}
+	if a.Data == nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, "Data")
+	}
 	data, err := a.Data.ToConsensus()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "Data")
@@ -774,133 +889,13 @@ func WithdrawalFromConsensus(w *enginev1.Withdrawal) *Withdrawal {
 	}
 }

-func WithdrawalRequestsFromConsensus(ws []*enginev1.WithdrawalRequest) []*WithdrawalRequest {
-	result := make([]*WithdrawalRequest, len(ws))
-	for i, w := range ws {
-		result[i] = WithdrawalRequestFromConsensus(w)
-	}
-	return result
-}
-
-func WithdrawalRequestFromConsensus(w *enginev1.WithdrawalRequest) *WithdrawalRequest {
-	return &WithdrawalRequest{
-		SourceAddress:   hexutil.Encode(w.SourceAddress),
-		ValidatorPubkey: hexutil.Encode(w.ValidatorPubkey),
-		Amount:          fmt.Sprintf("%d", w.Amount),
-	}
-}
-
-func (w *WithdrawalRequest) ToConsensus() (*enginev1.WithdrawalRequest, error) {
-	src, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(w.SourceAddress, common.AddressLength)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "SourceAddress")
-	}
-	pubkey, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(w.ValidatorPubkey, fieldparams.BLSPubkeyLength)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ValidatorPubkey")
-	}
-	amount, err := strconv.ParseUint(w.Amount, 10, 64)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "Amount")
-	}
-	return &enginev1.WithdrawalRequest{
-		SourceAddress:   src,
-		ValidatorPubkey: pubkey,
-		Amount:          amount,
-	}, nil
-}
-
-func ConsolidationRequestsFromConsensus(cs []*enginev1.ConsolidationRequest) []*ConsolidationRequest {
-	result := make([]*ConsolidationRequest, len(cs))
-	for i, c := range cs {
-		result[i] = ConsolidationRequestFromConsensus(c)
-	}
-	return result
-}
-
-func ConsolidationRequestFromConsensus(c *enginev1.ConsolidationRequest) *ConsolidationRequest {
-	return &ConsolidationRequest{
-		SourceAddress: hexutil.Encode(c.SourceAddress),
-		SourcePubkey:  hexutil.Encode(c.SourcePubkey),
-		TargetPubkey:  hexutil.Encode(c.TargetPubkey),
-	}
-}
-
-func (c *ConsolidationRequest) ToConsensus() (*enginev1.ConsolidationRequest, error) {
-	srcAddress, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(c.SourceAddress, common.AddressLength)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "SourceAddress")
-	}
-	srcPubkey, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(c.SourcePubkey, fieldparams.BLSPubkeyLength)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "SourcePubkey")
-	}
-	targetPubkey, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(c.TargetPubkey, fieldparams.BLSPubkeyLength)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "TargetPubkey")
-	}
-	return &enginev1.ConsolidationRequest{
-		SourceAddress: srcAddress,
-		SourcePubkey:  srcPubkey,
-		TargetPubkey:  targetPubkey,
-	}, nil
-}
-
-func DepositRequestsFromConsensus(ds []*enginev1.DepositRequest) []*DepositRequest {
-	result := make([]*DepositRequest, len(ds))
-	for i, d := range ds {
-		result[i] = DepositRequestFromConsensus(d)
-	}
-	return result
-}
-
-func DepositRequestFromConsensus(d *enginev1.DepositRequest) *DepositRequest {
-	return &DepositRequest{
-		Pubkey:                hexutil.Encode(d.Pubkey),
-		WithdrawalCredentials: hexutil.Encode(d.WithdrawalCredentials),
-		Amount:                fmt.Sprintf("%d", d.Amount),
-		Signature:             hexutil.Encode(d.Signature),
-		Index:                 fmt.Sprintf("%d", d.Index),
-	}
-}
-
-func (d *DepositRequest) ToConsensus() (*enginev1.DepositRequest, error) {
-	pubkey, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(d.Pubkey, fieldparams.BLSPubkeyLength)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "Pubkey")
-	}
-	withdrawalCredentials, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(d.WithdrawalCredentials, fieldparams.RootLength)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "WithdrawalCredentials")
-	}
-	amount, err := strconv.ParseUint(d.Amount, 10, 64)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "Amount")
-	}
-	sig, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(d.Signature, fieldparams.BLSSignatureLength)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "Signature")
-	}
-	index, err := strconv.ParseUint(d.Index, 10, 64)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "Index")
-	}
-	return &enginev1.DepositRequest{
-		Pubkey:                pubkey,
-		WithdrawalCredentials: withdrawalCredentials,
-		Amount:                amount,
-		Signature:             sig,
-		Index:                 index,
-	}, nil
-}
-
 func ProposerSlashingsToConsensus(src []*ProposerSlashing) ([]*eth.ProposerSlashing, error) {
 	if src == nil {
-		return nil, errNilValue
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, "ProposerSlashings")
 	}
 	err := slice.VerifyMaxLength(src, 16)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ProposerSlashings")
 	}
 	proposerSlashings := make([]*eth.ProposerSlashing, len(src))
 	for i, s := range src {
@@ -1029,11 +1024,11 @@ func ProposerSlashingFromConsensus(src *eth.ProposerSlashing) *ProposerSlashing

 func AttesterSlashingsToConsensus(src []*AttesterSlashing) ([]*eth.AttesterSlashing, error) {
 	if src == nil {
-		return nil, errNilValue
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, "AttesterSlashings")
 	}
 	err := slice.VerifyMaxLength(src, 2)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "AttesterSlashings")
 	}

 	attesterSlashings := make([]*eth.AttesterSlashing, len(src))
@@ -1044,10 +1039,19 @@ func AttesterSlashingsToConsensus(src []*AttesterSlashing) ([]*eth.AttesterSlash
 		if s.Attestation1 == nil {
 			return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, fmt.Sprintf("[%d].Attestation1", i))
 		}
+
+		if s.Attestation1.Data == nil {
+			return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, fmt.Sprintf("[%d].Attestation1.Data", i))
+		}
+
 		if s.Attestation2 == nil {
 			return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, fmt.Sprintf("[%d].Attestation2", i))
 		}

+		if s.Attestation2.Data == nil {
+			return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, fmt.Sprintf("[%d].Attestation2.Data", i))
+		}
+
 		a1Sig, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(s.Attestation1.Signature, fieldparams.BLSSignatureLength)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, fmt.Sprintf("[%d].Attestation1.Signature", i))
@@ -1064,6 +1068,7 @@ func AttesterSlashingsToConsensus(src []*AttesterSlashing) ([]*eth.AttesterSlash
 			}
 			a1AttestingIndices[j] = attestingIndex
 		}
+
 		a1Data, err := s.Attestation1.Data.ToConsensus()
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, fmt.Sprintf("[%d].Attestation1.Data", i))
@@ -1161,11 +1166,11 @@ func AttesterSlashingFromConsensus(src *eth.AttesterSlashing) *AttesterSlashing

 func AttesterSlashingsElectraToConsensus(src []*AttesterSlashingElectra) ([]*eth.AttesterSlashingElectra, error) {
 	if src == nil {
-		return nil, errNilValue
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, "AttesterSlashingsElectra")
 	}
-	err := slice.VerifyMaxLength(src, 2)
+	err := slice.VerifyMaxLength(src, fieldparams.MaxAttesterSlashingsElectra)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "AttesterSlashingsElectra")
 	}

 	attesterSlashings := make([]*eth.AttesterSlashingElectra, len(src))
@@ -1173,18 +1178,28 @@ func AttesterSlashingsElectraToConsensus(src []*AttesterSlashingElectra) ([]*eth
 		if s == nil {
 			return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, fmt.Sprintf("[%d]", i))
 		}
+
 		if s.Attestation1 == nil {
 			return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, fmt.Sprintf("[%d].Attestation1", i))
 		}
+
+		if s.Attestation1.Data == nil {
+			return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, fmt.Sprintf("[%d].Attestation1.Data", i))
+		}
+
 		if s.Attestation2 == nil {
 			return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, fmt.Sprintf("[%d].Attestation2", i))
 		}

+		if s.Attestation2.Data == nil {
+			return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, fmt.Sprintf("[%d].Attestation2.Data", i))
+		}
+
 		a1Sig, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(s.Attestation1.Signature, fieldparams.BLSSignatureLength)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, fmt.Sprintf("[%d].Attestation1.Signature", i))
 		}
-		err = slice.VerifyMaxLength(s.Attestation1.AttestingIndices, 2048)
+		err = slice.VerifyMaxLength(s.Attestation1.AttestingIndices, params.BeaconConfig().MaxValidatorsPerCommittee*params.BeaconConfig().MaxCommitteesPerSlot)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, fmt.Sprintf("[%d].Attestation1.AttestingIndices", i))
 		}
@@ -1204,7 +1219,7 @@ func AttesterSlashingsElectraToConsensus(src []*AttesterSlashingElectra) ([]*eth
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, fmt.Sprintf("[%d].Attestation2.Signature", i))
 		}
-		err = slice.VerifyMaxLength(s.Attestation2.AttestingIndices, 2048)
+		err = slice.VerifyMaxLength(s.Attestation2.AttestingIndices, params.BeaconConfig().MaxValidatorsPerCommittee*params.BeaconConfig().MaxCommitteesPerSlot)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, fmt.Sprintf("[%d].Attestation2.AttestingIndices", i))
 		}
@@ -1293,15 +1308,18 @@ func AttesterSlashingElectraFromConsensus(src *eth.AttesterSlashingElectra) *Att

 func AttsToConsensus(src []*Attestation) ([]*eth.Attestation, error) {
 	if src == nil {
-		return nil, errNilValue
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, "Attestations")
 	}
 	err := slice.VerifyMaxLength(src, 128)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "Attestations")
 	}

 	atts := make([]*eth.Attestation, len(src))
 	for i, a := range src {
+		if a == nil {
+			return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, fmt.Sprintf("[%d]", i))
+		}
 		atts[i], err = a.ToConsensus()
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, fmt.Sprintf("[%d]", i))
@@ -1320,15 +1338,18 @@ func AttsFromConsensus(src []*eth.Attestation) []*Attestation {

 func AttsElectraToConsensus(src []*AttestationElectra) ([]*eth.AttestationElectra, error) {
 	if src == nil {
-		return nil, errNilValue
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, "AttestationsElectra")
 	}
 	err := slice.VerifyMaxLength(src, 8)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "AttestationsElectra")
 	}

 	atts := make([]*eth.AttestationElectra, len(src))
 	for i, a := range src {
+		if a == nil {
+			return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, fmt.Sprintf("[%d]", i))
+		}
 		atts[i], err = a.ToConsensus()
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, fmt.Sprintf("[%d]", i))
@@ -1347,11 +1368,11 @@ func AttsElectraFromConsensus(src []*eth.AttestationElectra) []*AttestationElect

 func DepositsToConsensus(src []*Deposit) ([]*eth.Deposit, error) {
 	if src == nil {
-		return nil, errNilValue
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, "Deposits")
 	}
 	err := slice.VerifyMaxLength(src, 16)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "Deposits")
 	}

 	deposits := make([]*eth.Deposit, len(src))
@@ -1423,15 +1444,18 @@ func DepositsFromConsensus(src []*eth.Deposit) []*Deposit {

 func SignedExitsToConsensus(src []*SignedVoluntaryExit) ([]*eth.SignedVoluntaryExit, error) {
 	if src == nil {
-		return nil, errNilValue
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, "SignedVoluntaryExits")
 	}
 	err := slice.VerifyMaxLength(src, 16)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "SignedVoluntaryExits")
 	}

 	exits := make([]*eth.SignedVoluntaryExit, len(src))
 	for i, e := range src {
+		if e == nil {
+			return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, fmt.Sprintf("[%d]", i))
+		}
 		exits[i], err = e.ToConsensus()
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, fmt.Sprintf("[%d]", i))
--- a/api/server/structs/conversions_block.go
+++ b/api/server/structs/conversions_block.go
--- a/api/server/structs/conversions_block_execution.go
+++ b/api/server/structs/conversions_block_execution.go
@@ -0,0 +1,973 @@
+package structs
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strconv"
+
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/hexutil"
+	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/api/server"
+	fieldparams "github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/config/fieldparams"
+	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/config/params"
+	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/consensus-types/primitives"
+	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/container/slice"
+	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/encoding/bytesutil"
+	enginev1 "github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/proto/engine/v1"
+)
+
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Bellatrix
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+func ExecutionPayloadFromConsensus(payload *enginev1.ExecutionPayload) (*ExecutionPayload, error) {
+	baseFeePerGas, err := sszBytesToUint256String(payload.BaseFeePerGas)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	transactions := make([]string, len(payload.Transactions))
+	for i, tx := range payload.Transactions {
+		transactions[i] = hexutil.Encode(tx)
+	}
+
+	return &ExecutionPayload{
+		ParentHash:    hexutil.Encode(payload.ParentHash),
+		FeeRecipient:  hexutil.Encode(payload.FeeRecipient),
+		StateRoot:     hexutil.Encode(payload.StateRoot),
+		ReceiptsRoot:  hexutil.Encode(payload.ReceiptsRoot),
+		LogsBloom:     hexutil.Encode(payload.LogsBloom),
+		PrevRandao:    hexutil.Encode(payload.PrevRandao),
+		BlockNumber:   fmt.Sprintf("%d", payload.BlockNumber),
+		GasLimit:      fmt.Sprintf("%d", payload.GasLimit),
+		GasUsed:       fmt.Sprintf("%d", payload.GasUsed),
+		Timestamp:     fmt.Sprintf("%d", payload.Timestamp),
+		ExtraData:     hexutil.Encode(payload.ExtraData),
+		BaseFeePerGas: baseFeePerGas,
+		BlockHash:     hexutil.Encode(payload.BlockHash),
+		Transactions:  transactions,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func (e *ExecutionPayload) ToConsensus() (*enginev1.ExecutionPayload, error) {
+	if e == nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, "ExecutionPayload")
+	}
+	payloadParentHash, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.ParentHash, common.HashLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.ParentHash")
+	}
+	payloadFeeRecipient, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.FeeRecipient, fieldparams.FeeRecipientLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.FeeRecipient")
+	}
+	payloadStateRoot, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.StateRoot, fieldparams.RootLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.StateRoot")
+	}
+	payloadReceiptsRoot, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.ReceiptsRoot, fieldparams.RootLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.ReceiptsRoot")
+	}
+	payloadLogsBloom, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.LogsBloom, fieldparams.LogsBloomLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.LogsBloom")
+	}
+	payloadPrevRandao, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.PrevRandao, fieldparams.RootLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.PrevRandao")
+	}
+	payloadBlockNumber, err := strconv.ParseUint(e.BlockNumber, 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.BlockNumber")
+	}
+	payloadGasLimit, err := strconv.ParseUint(e.GasLimit, 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.GasLimit")
+	}
+	payloadGasUsed, err := strconv.ParseUint(e.GasUsed, 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.GasUsed")
+	}
+	payloadTimestamp, err := strconv.ParseUint(e.Timestamp, 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.Timestamp")
+	}
+	payloadExtraData, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithMaxLength(e.ExtraData, fieldparams.RootLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.ExtraData")
+	}
+	payloadBaseFeePerGas, err := bytesutil.Uint256ToSSZBytes(e.BaseFeePerGas)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.BaseFeePerGas")
+	}
+	payloadBlockHash, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.BlockHash, common.HashLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.BlockHash")
+	}
+	err = slice.VerifyMaxLength(e.Transactions, fieldparams.MaxTxsPerPayloadLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.Transactions")
+	}
+	payloadTxs := make([][]byte, len(e.Transactions))
+	for i, tx := range e.Transactions {
+		payloadTxs[i], err = bytesutil.DecodeHexWithMaxLength(tx, fieldparams.MaxBytesPerTxLength)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, fmt.Sprintf("ExecutionPayload.Transactions[%d]", i))
+		}
+	}
+	return &enginev1.ExecutionPayload{
+		ParentHash:    payloadParentHash,
+		FeeRecipient:  payloadFeeRecipient,
+		StateRoot:     payloadStateRoot,
+		ReceiptsRoot:  payloadReceiptsRoot,
+		LogsBloom:     payloadLogsBloom,
+		PrevRandao:    payloadPrevRandao,
+		BlockNumber:   payloadBlockNumber,
+		GasLimit:      payloadGasLimit,
+		GasUsed:       payloadGasUsed,
+		Timestamp:     payloadTimestamp,
+		ExtraData:     payloadExtraData,
+		BaseFeePerGas: payloadBaseFeePerGas,
+		BlockHash:     payloadBlockHash,
+		Transactions:  payloadTxs,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func ExecutionPayloadHeaderFromConsensus(payload *enginev1.ExecutionPayloadHeader) (*ExecutionPayloadHeader, error) {
+	baseFeePerGas, err := sszBytesToUint256String(payload.BaseFeePerGas)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return &ExecutionPayloadHeader{
+		ParentHash:       hexutil.Encode(payload.ParentHash),
+		FeeRecipient:     hexutil.Encode(payload.FeeRecipient),
+		StateRoot:        hexutil.Encode(payload.StateRoot),
+		ReceiptsRoot:     hexutil.Encode(payload.ReceiptsRoot),
+		LogsBloom:        hexutil.Encode(payload.LogsBloom),
+		PrevRandao:       hexutil.Encode(payload.PrevRandao),
+		BlockNumber:      fmt.Sprintf("%d", payload.BlockNumber),
+		GasLimit:         fmt.Sprintf("%d", payload.GasLimit),
+		GasUsed:          fmt.Sprintf("%d", payload.GasUsed),
+		Timestamp:        fmt.Sprintf("%d", payload.Timestamp),
+		ExtraData:        hexutil.Encode(payload.ExtraData),
+		BaseFeePerGas:    baseFeePerGas,
+		BlockHash:        hexutil.Encode(payload.BlockHash),
+		TransactionsRoot: hexutil.Encode(payload.TransactionsRoot),
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func (e *ExecutionPayloadHeader) ToConsensus() (*enginev1.ExecutionPayloadHeader, error) {
+	if e == nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, "ExecutionPayloadHeader")
+	}
+	payloadParentHash, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.ParentHash, common.HashLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.ParentHash")
+	}
+	payloadFeeRecipient, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.FeeRecipient, fieldparams.FeeRecipientLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.FeeRecipient")
+	}
+	payloadStateRoot, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.StateRoot, fieldparams.RootLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.StateRoot")
+	}
+	payloadReceiptsRoot, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.ReceiptsRoot, fieldparams.RootLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.ReceiptsRoot")
+	}
+	payloadLogsBloom, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.LogsBloom, fieldparams.LogsBloomLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.LogsBloom")
+	}
+	payloadPrevRandao, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.PrevRandao, fieldparams.RootLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.PrevRandao")
+	}
+	payloadBlockNumber, err := strconv.ParseUint(e.BlockNumber, 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.BlockNumber")
+	}
+	payloadGasLimit, err := strconv.ParseUint(e.GasLimit, 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.GasLimit")
+	}
+	payloadGasUsed, err := strconv.ParseUint(e.GasUsed, 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.GasUsed")
+	}
+	payloadTimestamp, err := strconv.ParseUint(e.Timestamp, 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.Timestamp")
+	}
+	payloadExtraData, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithMaxLength(e.ExtraData, fieldparams.RootLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.ExtraData")
+	}
+	payloadBaseFeePerGas, err := bytesutil.Uint256ToSSZBytes(e.BaseFeePerGas)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.BaseFeePerGas")
+	}
+	payloadBlockHash, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.BlockHash, common.HashLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.BlockHash")
+	}
+	payloadTxsRoot, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.TransactionsRoot, fieldparams.RootLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.TransactionsRoot")
+	}
+
+	return &enginev1.ExecutionPayloadHeader{
+		ParentHash:       payloadParentHash,
+		FeeRecipient:     payloadFeeRecipient,
+		StateRoot:        payloadStateRoot,
+		ReceiptsRoot:     payloadReceiptsRoot,
+		LogsBloom:        payloadLogsBloom,
+		PrevRandao:       payloadPrevRandao,
+		BlockNumber:      payloadBlockNumber,
+		GasLimit:         payloadGasLimit,
+		GasUsed:          payloadGasUsed,
+		Timestamp:        payloadTimestamp,
+		ExtraData:        payloadExtraData,
+		BaseFeePerGas:    payloadBaseFeePerGas,
+		BlockHash:        payloadBlockHash,
+		TransactionsRoot: payloadTxsRoot,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Capella
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+func ExecutionPayloadCapellaFromConsensus(payload *enginev1.ExecutionPayloadCapella) (*ExecutionPayloadCapella, error) {
+	baseFeePerGas, err := sszBytesToUint256String(payload.BaseFeePerGas)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	transactions := make([]string, len(payload.Transactions))
+	for i, tx := range payload.Transactions {
+		transactions[i] = hexutil.Encode(tx)
+	}
+
+	return &ExecutionPayloadCapella{
+		ParentHash:    hexutil.Encode(payload.ParentHash),
+		FeeRecipient:  hexutil.Encode(payload.FeeRecipient),
+		StateRoot:     hexutil.Encode(payload.StateRoot),
+		ReceiptsRoot:  hexutil.Encode(payload.ReceiptsRoot),
+		LogsBloom:     hexutil.Encode(payload.LogsBloom),
+		PrevRandao:    hexutil.Encode(payload.PrevRandao),
+		BlockNumber:   fmt.Sprintf("%d", payload.BlockNumber),
+		GasLimit:      fmt.Sprintf("%d", payload.GasLimit),
+		GasUsed:       fmt.Sprintf("%d", payload.GasUsed),
+		Timestamp:     fmt.Sprintf("%d", payload.Timestamp),
+		ExtraData:     hexutil.Encode(payload.ExtraData),
+		BaseFeePerGas: baseFeePerGas,
+		BlockHash:     hexutil.Encode(payload.BlockHash),
+		Transactions:  transactions,
+		Withdrawals:   WithdrawalsFromConsensus(payload.Withdrawals),
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func (e *ExecutionPayloadCapella) ToConsensus() (*enginev1.ExecutionPayloadCapella, error) {
+	if e == nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, "ExecutionPayload")
+	}
+	payloadParentHash, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.ParentHash, common.HashLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.ParentHash")
+	}
+	payloadFeeRecipient, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.FeeRecipient, fieldparams.FeeRecipientLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.FeeRecipient")
+	}
+	payloadStateRoot, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.StateRoot, fieldparams.RootLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.StateRoot")
+	}
+	payloadReceiptsRoot, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.ReceiptsRoot, fieldparams.RootLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.ReceiptsRoot")
+	}
+	payloadLogsBloom, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.LogsBloom, fieldparams.LogsBloomLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.LogsBloom")
+	}
+	payloadPrevRandao, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.PrevRandao, fieldparams.RootLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.PrevRandao")
+	}
+	payloadBlockNumber, err := strconv.ParseUint(e.BlockNumber, 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.BlockNumber")
+	}
+	payloadGasLimit, err := strconv.ParseUint(e.GasLimit, 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.GasLimit")
+	}
+	payloadGasUsed, err := strconv.ParseUint(e.GasUsed, 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.GasUsed")
+	}
+	payloadTimestamp, err := strconv.ParseUint(e.Timestamp, 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.Timestamp")
+	}
+	payloadExtraData, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithMaxLength(e.ExtraData, fieldparams.RootLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.ExtraData")
+	}
+	payloadBaseFeePerGas, err := bytesutil.Uint256ToSSZBytes(e.BaseFeePerGas)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.BaseFeePerGas")
+	}
+	payloadBlockHash, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.BlockHash, common.HashLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.BlockHash")
+	}
+	err = slice.VerifyMaxLength(e.Transactions, fieldparams.MaxTxsPerPayloadLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.Transactions")
+	}
+	payloadTxs := make([][]byte, len(e.Transactions))
+	for i, tx := range e.Transactions {
+		payloadTxs[i], err = bytesutil.DecodeHexWithMaxLength(tx, fieldparams.MaxBytesPerTxLength)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, fmt.Sprintf("ExecutionPayload.Transactions[%d]", i))
+		}
+	}
+	err = slice.VerifyMaxLength(e.Withdrawals, fieldparams.MaxWithdrawalsPerPayload)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.Withdrawals")
+	}
+	withdrawals := make([]*enginev1.Withdrawal, len(e.Withdrawals))
+	for i, w := range e.Withdrawals {
+		withdrawalIndex, err := strconv.ParseUint(w.WithdrawalIndex, 10, 64)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, fmt.Sprintf("ExecutionPayload.Withdrawals[%d].WithdrawalIndex", i))
+		}
+		validatorIndex, err := strconv.ParseUint(w.ValidatorIndex, 10, 64)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, fmt.Sprintf("ExecutionPayload.Withdrawals[%d].ValidatorIndex", i))
+		}
+		address, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(w.ExecutionAddress, common.AddressLength)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, fmt.Sprintf("ExecutionPayload.Withdrawals[%d].ExecutionAddress", i))
+		}
+		amount, err := strconv.ParseUint(w.Amount, 10, 64)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, fmt.Sprintf("ExecutionPayload.Withdrawals[%d].Amount", i))
+		}
+		withdrawals[i] = &enginev1.Withdrawal{
+			Index:          withdrawalIndex,
+			ValidatorIndex: primitives.ValidatorIndex(validatorIndex),
+			Address:        address,
+			Amount:         amount,
+		}
+	}
+	return &enginev1.ExecutionPayloadCapella{
+		ParentHash:    payloadParentHash,
+		FeeRecipient:  payloadFeeRecipient,
+		StateRoot:     payloadStateRoot,
+		ReceiptsRoot:  payloadReceiptsRoot,
+		LogsBloom:     payloadLogsBloom,
+		PrevRandao:    payloadPrevRandao,
+		BlockNumber:   payloadBlockNumber,
+		GasLimit:      payloadGasLimit,
+		GasUsed:       payloadGasUsed,
+		Timestamp:     payloadTimestamp,
+		ExtraData:     payloadExtraData,
+		BaseFeePerGas: payloadBaseFeePerGas,
+		BlockHash:     payloadBlockHash,
+		Transactions:  payloadTxs,
+		Withdrawals:   withdrawals,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func ExecutionPayloadHeaderCapellaFromConsensus(payload *enginev1.ExecutionPayloadHeaderCapella) (*ExecutionPayloadHeaderCapella, error) {
+	baseFeePerGas, err := sszBytesToUint256String(payload.BaseFeePerGas)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return &ExecutionPayloadHeaderCapella{
+		ParentHash:       hexutil.Encode(payload.ParentHash),
+		FeeRecipient:     hexutil.Encode(payload.FeeRecipient),
+		StateRoot:        hexutil.Encode(payload.StateRoot),
+		ReceiptsRoot:     hexutil.Encode(payload.ReceiptsRoot),
+		LogsBloom:        hexutil.Encode(payload.LogsBloom),
+		PrevRandao:       hexutil.Encode(payload.PrevRandao),
+		BlockNumber:      fmt.Sprintf("%d", payload.BlockNumber),
+		GasLimit:         fmt.Sprintf("%d", payload.GasLimit),
+		GasUsed:          fmt.Sprintf("%d", payload.GasUsed),
+		Timestamp:        fmt.Sprintf("%d", payload.Timestamp),
+		ExtraData:        hexutil.Encode(payload.ExtraData),
+		BaseFeePerGas:    baseFeePerGas,
+		BlockHash:        hexutil.Encode(payload.BlockHash),
+		TransactionsRoot: hexutil.Encode(payload.TransactionsRoot),
+		WithdrawalsRoot:  hexutil.Encode(payload.WithdrawalsRoot),
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func (e *ExecutionPayloadHeaderCapella) ToConsensus() (*enginev1.ExecutionPayloadHeaderCapella, error) {
+	if e == nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, "ExecutionPayloadHeader")
+	}
+	payloadParentHash, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.ParentHash, common.HashLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.ParentHash")
+	}
+	payloadFeeRecipient, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.FeeRecipient, fieldparams.FeeRecipientLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.FeeRecipient")
+	}
+	payloadStateRoot, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.StateRoot, fieldparams.RootLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.StateRoot")
+	}
+	payloadReceiptsRoot, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.ReceiptsRoot, fieldparams.RootLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.ReceiptsRoot")
+	}
+	payloadLogsBloom, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.LogsBloom, fieldparams.LogsBloomLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.LogsBloom")
+	}
+	payloadPrevRandao, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.PrevRandao, fieldparams.RootLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.PrevRandao")
+	}
+	payloadBlockNumber, err := strconv.ParseUint(e.BlockNumber, 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.BlockNumber")
+	}
+	payloadGasLimit, err := strconv.ParseUint(e.GasLimit, 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.GasLimit")
+	}
+	payloadGasUsed, err := strconv.ParseUint(e.GasUsed, 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.GasUsed")
+	}
+	payloadTimestamp, err := strconv.ParseUint(e.Timestamp, 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.Timestamp")
+	}
+	payloadExtraData, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithMaxLength(e.ExtraData, fieldparams.RootLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.ExtraData")
+	}
+	payloadBaseFeePerGas, err := bytesutil.Uint256ToSSZBytes(e.BaseFeePerGas)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.BaseFeePerGas")
+	}
+	payloadBlockHash, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithMaxLength(e.BlockHash, common.HashLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.BlockHash")
+	}
+	payloadTxsRoot, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithMaxLength(e.TransactionsRoot, fieldparams.RootLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.TransactionsRoot")
+	}
+	payloadWithdrawalsRoot, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithMaxLength(e.WithdrawalsRoot, fieldparams.RootLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.WithdrawalsRoot")
+	}
+	return &enginev1.ExecutionPayloadHeaderCapella{
+		ParentHash:       payloadParentHash,
+		FeeRecipient:     payloadFeeRecipient,
+		StateRoot:        payloadStateRoot,
+		ReceiptsRoot:     payloadReceiptsRoot,
+		LogsBloom:        payloadLogsBloom,
+		PrevRandao:       payloadPrevRandao,
+		BlockNumber:      payloadBlockNumber,
+		GasLimit:         payloadGasLimit,
+		GasUsed:          payloadGasUsed,
+		Timestamp:        payloadTimestamp,
+		ExtraData:        payloadExtraData,
+		BaseFeePerGas:    payloadBaseFeePerGas,
+		BlockHash:        payloadBlockHash,
+		TransactionsRoot: payloadTxsRoot,
+		WithdrawalsRoot:  payloadWithdrawalsRoot,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Deneb
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+func ExecutionPayloadDenebFromConsensus(payload *enginev1.ExecutionPayloadDeneb) (*ExecutionPayloadDeneb, error) {
+	baseFeePerGas, err := sszBytesToUint256String(payload.BaseFeePerGas)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	transactions := make([]string, len(payload.Transactions))
+	for i, tx := range payload.Transactions {
+		transactions[i] = hexutil.Encode(tx)
+	}
+
+	return &ExecutionPayloadDeneb{
+		ParentHash:    hexutil.Encode(payload.ParentHash),
+		FeeRecipient:  hexutil.Encode(payload.FeeRecipient),
+		StateRoot:     hexutil.Encode(payload.StateRoot),
+		ReceiptsRoot:  hexutil.Encode(payload.ReceiptsRoot),
+		LogsBloom:     hexutil.Encode(payload.LogsBloom),
+		PrevRandao:    hexutil.Encode(payload.PrevRandao),
+		BlockNumber:   fmt.Sprintf("%d", payload.BlockNumber),
+		GasLimit:      fmt.Sprintf("%d", payload.GasLimit),
+		GasUsed:       fmt.Sprintf("%d", payload.GasUsed),
+		Timestamp:     fmt.Sprintf("%d", payload.Timestamp),
+		ExtraData:     hexutil.Encode(payload.ExtraData),
+		BaseFeePerGas: baseFeePerGas,
+		BlockHash:     hexutil.Encode(payload.BlockHash),
+		Transactions:  transactions,
+		Withdrawals:   WithdrawalsFromConsensus(payload.Withdrawals),
+		BlobGasUsed:   fmt.Sprintf("%d", payload.BlobGasUsed),
+		ExcessBlobGas: fmt.Sprintf("%d", payload.ExcessBlobGas),
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func (e *ExecutionPayloadDeneb) ToConsensus() (*enginev1.ExecutionPayloadDeneb, error) {
+	if e == nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, "ExecutionPayload")
+	}
+	payloadParentHash, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.ParentHash, common.HashLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.ParentHash")
+	}
+	payloadFeeRecipient, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.FeeRecipient, fieldparams.FeeRecipientLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.FeeRecipient")
+	}
+	payloadStateRoot, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.StateRoot, fieldparams.RootLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.StateRoot")
+	}
+	payloadReceiptsRoot, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.ReceiptsRoot, fieldparams.RootLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.ReceiptsRoot")
+	}
+	payloadLogsBloom, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.LogsBloom, fieldparams.LogsBloomLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.LogsBloom")
+	}
+	payloadPrevRandao, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.PrevRandao, fieldparams.RootLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.PrevRandao")
+	}
+	payloadBlockNumber, err := strconv.ParseUint(e.BlockNumber, 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.BlockNumber")
+	}
+	payloadGasLimit, err := strconv.ParseUint(e.GasLimit, 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.GasLimit")
+	}
+	payloadGasUsed, err := strconv.ParseUint(e.GasUsed, 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.GasUsed")
+	}
+	payloadTimestamp, err := strconv.ParseUint(e.Timestamp, 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.Timestamp")
+	}
+	payloadExtraData, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithMaxLength(e.ExtraData, fieldparams.RootLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.ExtraData")
+	}
+	payloadBaseFeePerGas, err := bytesutil.Uint256ToSSZBytes(e.BaseFeePerGas)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.BaseFeePerGas")
+	}
+	payloadBlockHash, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.BlockHash, common.HashLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.BlockHash")
+	}
+	err = slice.VerifyMaxLength(e.Transactions, fieldparams.MaxTxsPerPayloadLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.Transactions")
+	}
+	txs := make([][]byte, len(e.Transactions))
+	for i, tx := range e.Transactions {
+		txs[i], err = bytesutil.DecodeHexWithMaxLength(tx, fieldparams.MaxBytesPerTxLength)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, fmt.Sprintf("ExecutionPayload.Transactions[%d]", i))
+		}
+	}
+	err = slice.VerifyMaxLength(e.Withdrawals, fieldparams.MaxWithdrawalsPerPayload)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.Withdrawals")
+	}
+	withdrawals := make([]*enginev1.Withdrawal, len(e.Withdrawals))
+	for i, w := range e.Withdrawals {
+		withdrawalIndex, err := strconv.ParseUint(w.WithdrawalIndex, 10, 64)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, fmt.Sprintf("ExecutionPayload.Withdrawals[%d].WithdrawalIndex", i))
+		}
+		validatorIndex, err := strconv.ParseUint(w.ValidatorIndex, 10, 64)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, fmt.Sprintf("ExecutionPayload.Withdrawals[%d].ValidatorIndex", i))
+		}
+		address, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(w.ExecutionAddress, common.AddressLength)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, fmt.Sprintf("ExecutionPayload.Withdrawals[%d].ExecutionAddress", i))
+		}
+		amount, err := strconv.ParseUint(w.Amount, 10, 64)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, fmt.Sprintf("ExecutionPayload.Withdrawals[%d].Amount", i))
+		}
+		withdrawals[i] = &enginev1.Withdrawal{
+			Index:          withdrawalIndex,
+			ValidatorIndex: primitives.ValidatorIndex(validatorIndex),
+			Address:        address,
+			Amount:         amount,
+		}
+	}
+
+	payloadBlobGasUsed, err := strconv.ParseUint(e.BlobGasUsed, 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.BlobGasUsed")
+	}
+	payloadExcessBlobGas, err := strconv.ParseUint(e.ExcessBlobGas, 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.ExcessBlobGas")
+	}
+	return &enginev1.ExecutionPayloadDeneb{
+		ParentHash:    payloadParentHash,
+		FeeRecipient:  payloadFeeRecipient,
+		StateRoot:     payloadStateRoot,
+		ReceiptsRoot:  payloadReceiptsRoot,
+		LogsBloom:     payloadLogsBloom,
+		PrevRandao:    payloadPrevRandao,
+		BlockNumber:   payloadBlockNumber,
+		GasLimit:      payloadGasLimit,
+		GasUsed:       payloadGasUsed,
+		Timestamp:     payloadTimestamp,
+		ExtraData:     payloadExtraData,
+		BaseFeePerGas: payloadBaseFeePerGas,
+		BlockHash:     payloadBlockHash,
+		Transactions:  txs,
+		Withdrawals:   withdrawals,
+		BlobGasUsed:   payloadBlobGasUsed,
+		ExcessBlobGas: payloadExcessBlobGas,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func ExecutionPayloadHeaderDenebFromConsensus(payload *enginev1.ExecutionPayloadHeaderDeneb) (*ExecutionPayloadHeaderDeneb, error) {
+	baseFeePerGas, err := sszBytesToUint256String(payload.BaseFeePerGas)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return &ExecutionPayloadHeaderDeneb{
+		ParentHash:       hexutil.Encode(payload.ParentHash),
+		FeeRecipient:     hexutil.Encode(payload.FeeRecipient),
+		StateRoot:        hexutil.Encode(payload.StateRoot),
+		ReceiptsRoot:     hexutil.Encode(payload.ReceiptsRoot),
+		LogsBloom:        hexutil.Encode(payload.LogsBloom),
+		PrevRandao:       hexutil.Encode(payload.PrevRandao),
+		BlockNumber:      fmt.Sprintf("%d", payload.BlockNumber),
+		GasLimit:         fmt.Sprintf("%d", payload.GasLimit),
+		GasUsed:          fmt.Sprintf("%d", payload.GasUsed),
+		Timestamp:        fmt.Sprintf("%d", payload.Timestamp),
+		ExtraData:        hexutil.Encode(payload.ExtraData),
+		BaseFeePerGas:    baseFeePerGas,
+		BlockHash:        hexutil.Encode(payload.BlockHash),
+		TransactionsRoot: hexutil.Encode(payload.TransactionsRoot),
+		WithdrawalsRoot:  hexutil.Encode(payload.WithdrawalsRoot),
+		BlobGasUsed:      fmt.Sprintf("%d", payload.BlobGasUsed),
+		ExcessBlobGas:    fmt.Sprintf("%d", payload.ExcessBlobGas),
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func (e *ExecutionPayloadHeaderDeneb) ToConsensus() (*enginev1.ExecutionPayloadHeaderDeneb, error) {
+	if e == nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, "ExecutionPayloadHeader")
+	}
+	payloadParentHash, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.ParentHash, common.HashLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.ParentHash")
+	}
+	payloadFeeRecipient, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.FeeRecipient, fieldparams.FeeRecipientLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.FeeRecipient")
+	}
+	payloadStateRoot, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.StateRoot, fieldparams.RootLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.StateRoot")
+	}
+	payloadReceiptsRoot, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.ReceiptsRoot, fieldparams.RootLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.ReceiptsRoot")
+	}
+	payloadLogsBloom, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.LogsBloom, fieldparams.LogsBloomLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.LogsBloom")
+	}
+	payloadPrevRandao, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.PrevRandao, fieldparams.RootLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.PrevRandao")
+	}
+	payloadBlockNumber, err := strconv.ParseUint(e.BlockNumber, 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.BlockNumber")
+	}
+	payloadGasLimit, err := strconv.ParseUint(e.GasLimit, 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.GasLimit")
+	}
+	payloadGasUsed, err := strconv.ParseUint(e.GasUsed, 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.GasUsed")
+	}
+	payloadTimestamp, err := strconv.ParseUint(e.Timestamp, 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.Timestamp")
+	}
+	payloadExtraData, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithMaxLength(e.ExtraData, fieldparams.RootLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.ExtraData")
+	}
+	payloadBaseFeePerGas, err := bytesutil.Uint256ToSSZBytes(e.BaseFeePerGas)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.BaseFeePerGas")
+	}
+	payloadBlockHash, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.BlockHash, common.HashLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.BlockHash")
+	}
+	payloadTxsRoot, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.TransactionsRoot, fieldparams.RootLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.TransactionsRoot")
+	}
+	payloadWithdrawalsRoot, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(e.WithdrawalsRoot, fieldparams.RootLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayloadHeader.WithdrawalsRoot")
+	}
+	payloadBlobGasUsed, err := strconv.ParseUint(e.BlobGasUsed, 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.BlobGasUsed")
+	}
+	payloadExcessBlobGas, err := strconv.ParseUint(e.ExcessBlobGas, 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ExecutionPayload.ExcessBlobGas")
+	}
+	return &enginev1.ExecutionPayloadHeaderDeneb{
+		ParentHash:       payloadParentHash,
+		FeeRecipient:     payloadFeeRecipient,
+		StateRoot:        payloadStateRoot,
+		ReceiptsRoot:     payloadReceiptsRoot,
+		LogsBloom:        payloadLogsBloom,
+		PrevRandao:       payloadPrevRandao,
+		BlockNumber:      payloadBlockNumber,
+		GasLimit:         payloadGasLimit,
+		GasUsed:          payloadGasUsed,
+		Timestamp:        payloadTimestamp,
+		ExtraData:        payloadExtraData,
+		BaseFeePerGas:    payloadBaseFeePerGas,
+		BlockHash:        payloadBlockHash,
+		TransactionsRoot: payloadTxsRoot,
+		WithdrawalsRoot:  payloadWithdrawalsRoot,
+		BlobGasUsed:      payloadBlobGasUsed,
+		ExcessBlobGas:    payloadExcessBlobGas,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Electra
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+var (
+	ExecutionPayloadElectraFromConsensus       = ExecutionPayloadDenebFromConsensus
+	ExecutionPayloadHeaderElectraFromConsensus = ExecutionPayloadHeaderDenebFromConsensus
+)
+
+func WithdrawalRequestsFromConsensus(ws []*enginev1.WithdrawalRequest) []*WithdrawalRequest {
+	result := make([]*WithdrawalRequest, len(ws))
+	for i, w := range ws {
+		result[i] = WithdrawalRequestFromConsensus(w)
+	}
+	return result
+}
+
+func WithdrawalRequestFromConsensus(w *enginev1.WithdrawalRequest) *WithdrawalRequest {
+	return &WithdrawalRequest{
+		SourceAddress:   hexutil.Encode(w.SourceAddress),
+		ValidatorPubkey: hexutil.Encode(w.ValidatorPubkey),
+		Amount:          fmt.Sprintf("%d", w.Amount),
+	}
+}
+
+func (w *WithdrawalRequest) ToConsensus() (*enginev1.WithdrawalRequest, error) {
+	if w == nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, "WithdrawalRequest")
+	}
+	src, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(w.SourceAddress, common.AddressLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "SourceAddress")
+	}
+	pubkey, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(w.ValidatorPubkey, fieldparams.BLSPubkeyLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "ValidatorPubkey")
+	}
+	amount, err := strconv.ParseUint(w.Amount, 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "Amount")
+	}
+	return &enginev1.WithdrawalRequest{
+		SourceAddress:   src,
+		ValidatorPubkey: pubkey,
+		Amount:          amount,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func ConsolidationRequestsFromConsensus(cs []*enginev1.ConsolidationRequest) []*ConsolidationRequest {
+	result := make([]*ConsolidationRequest, len(cs))
+	for i, c := range cs {
+		result[i] = ConsolidationRequestFromConsensus(c)
+	}
+	return result
+}
+
+func ConsolidationRequestFromConsensus(c *enginev1.ConsolidationRequest) *ConsolidationRequest {
+	return &ConsolidationRequest{
+		SourceAddress: hexutil.Encode(c.SourceAddress),
+		SourcePubkey:  hexutil.Encode(c.SourcePubkey),
+		TargetPubkey:  hexutil.Encode(c.TargetPubkey),
+	}
+}
+
+func (c *ConsolidationRequest) ToConsensus() (*enginev1.ConsolidationRequest, error) {
+	if c == nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, "ConsolidationRequest")
+	}
+	srcAddress, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(c.SourceAddress, common.AddressLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "SourceAddress")
+	}
+	srcPubkey, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(c.SourcePubkey, fieldparams.BLSPubkeyLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "SourcePubkey")
+	}
+	targetPubkey, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(c.TargetPubkey, fieldparams.BLSPubkeyLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "TargetPubkey")
+	}
+	return &enginev1.ConsolidationRequest{
+		SourceAddress: srcAddress,
+		SourcePubkey:  srcPubkey,
+		TargetPubkey:  targetPubkey,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func DepositRequestsFromConsensus(ds []*enginev1.DepositRequest) []*DepositRequest {
+	result := make([]*DepositRequest, len(ds))
+	for i, d := range ds {
+		result[i] = DepositRequestFromConsensus(d)
+	}
+	return result
+}
+
+func DepositRequestFromConsensus(d *enginev1.DepositRequest) *DepositRequest {
+	return &DepositRequest{
+		Pubkey:                hexutil.Encode(d.Pubkey),
+		WithdrawalCredentials: hexutil.Encode(d.WithdrawalCredentials),
+		Amount:                fmt.Sprintf("%d", d.Amount),
+		Signature:             hexutil.Encode(d.Signature),
+		Index:                 fmt.Sprintf("%d", d.Index),
+	}
+}
+
+func (d *DepositRequest) ToConsensus() (*enginev1.DepositRequest, error) {
+	if d == nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, "DepositRequest")
+	}
+	pubkey, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(d.Pubkey, fieldparams.BLSPubkeyLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "Pubkey")
+	}
+	withdrawalCredentials, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(d.WithdrawalCredentials, fieldparams.RootLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "WithdrawalCredentials")
+	}
+	amount, err := strconv.ParseUint(d.Amount, 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "Amount")
+	}
+	sig, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(d.Signature, fieldparams.BLSSignatureLength)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "Signature")
+	}
+	index, err := strconv.ParseUint(d.Index, 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, "Index")
+	}
+	return &enginev1.DepositRequest{
+		Pubkey:                pubkey,
+		WithdrawalCredentials: withdrawalCredentials,
+		Amount:                amount,
+		Signature:             sig,
+		Index:                 index,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func ExecutionRequestsFromConsensus(er *enginev1.ExecutionRequests) *ExecutionRequests {
+	return &ExecutionRequests{
+		Deposits:       DepositRequestsFromConsensus(er.Deposits),
+		Withdrawals:    WithdrawalRequestsFromConsensus(er.Withdrawals),
+		Consolidations: ConsolidationRequestsFromConsensus(er.Consolidations),
+	}
+}
+
+func (e *ExecutionRequests) ToConsensus() (*enginev1.ExecutionRequests, error) {
+	if e == nil {
+		return nil, server.NewDecodeError(errNilValue, "ExecutionRequests")
+	}
+	var err error
+	if err = slice.VerifyMaxLength(e.Deposits, params.BeaconConfig().MaxDepositRequestsPerPayload); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	depositRequests := make([]*enginev1.DepositRequest, len(e.Deposits))
+	for i, d := range e.Deposits {
+		depositRequests[i], err = d.ToConsensus()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, fmt.Sprintf("ExecutionRequests.Deposits[%d]", i))
+		}
+	}
+
+	if err = slice.VerifyMaxLength(e.Withdrawals, params.BeaconConfig().MaxWithdrawalRequestsPerPayload); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	withdrawalRequests := make([]*enginev1.WithdrawalRequest, len(e.Withdrawals))
+	for i, w := range e.Withdrawals {
+		withdrawalRequests[i], err = w.ToConsensus()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, fmt.Sprintf("ExecutionRequests.Withdrawals[%d]", i))
+		}
+	}
+
+	if err = slice.VerifyMaxLength(e.Consolidations, params.BeaconConfig().MaxConsolidationsRequestsPerPayload); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	consolidationRequests := make([]*enginev1.ConsolidationRequest, len(e.Consolidations))
+	for i, c := range e.Consolidations {
+		consolidationRequests[i], err = c.ToConsensus()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, server.NewDecodeError(err, fmt.Sprintf("ExecutionRequests.Consolidations[%d]", i))
+		}
+	}
+	return &enginev1.ExecutionRequests{
+		Deposits:       depositRequests,
+		Withdrawals:    withdrawalRequests,
+		Consolidations: consolidationRequests,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Fulu
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+var (
+	ExecutionPayloadFuluFromConsensus       = ExecutionPayloadDenebFromConsensus
+	ExecutionPayloadHeaderFuluFromConsensus = ExecutionPayloadHeaderDenebFromConsensus
+	BeaconBlockFuluFromConsensus            = BeaconBlockElectraFromConsensus
+)
--- a/api/server/structs/conversions_block_execution_test.go
+++ b/api/server/structs/conversions_block_execution_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,563 @@
+package structs
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/hexutil"
+	enginev1 "github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/proto/engine/v1"
+	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/testing/require"
+)
+
+func fillByteSlice(sliceLength int, value byte) []byte {
+	bytes := make([]byte, sliceLength)
+
+	for index := range bytes {
+		bytes[index] = value
+	}
+
+	return bytes
+}
+
+// TestExecutionPayloadFromConsensus_HappyPath checks the
+// ExecutionPayloadFromConsensus function under normal conditions.
+func TestExecutionPayloadFromConsensus_HappyPath(t *testing.T) {
+	consensusPayload := &enginev1.ExecutionPayload{
+		ParentHash:    fillByteSlice(common.HashLength, 0xaa),
+		FeeRecipient:  fillByteSlice(20, 0xbb),
+		StateRoot:     fillByteSlice(32, 0xcc),
+		ReceiptsRoot:  fillByteSlice(32, 0xdd),
+		LogsBloom:     fillByteSlice(256, 0xee),
+		PrevRandao:    fillByteSlice(32, 0xff),
+		BlockNumber:   12345,
+		GasLimit:      15000000,
+		GasUsed:       8000000,
+		Timestamp:     1680000000,
+		ExtraData:     fillByteSlice(8, 0x11),
+		BaseFeePerGas: fillByteSlice(32, 0x01),
+		BlockHash:     fillByteSlice(common.HashLength, 0x22),
+		Transactions: [][]byte{
+			fillByteSlice(10, 0x33),
+			fillByteSlice(10, 0x44),
+		},
+	}
+
+	result, err := ExecutionPayloadFromConsensus(consensusPayload)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.NotNil(t, result)
+	require.Equal(t, hexutil.Encode(consensusPayload.ParentHash), result.ParentHash)
+	require.Equal(t, hexutil.Encode(consensusPayload.FeeRecipient), result.FeeRecipient)
+	require.Equal(t, hexutil.Encode(consensusPayload.StateRoot), result.StateRoot)
+	require.Equal(t, hexutil.Encode(consensusPayload.ReceiptsRoot), result.ReceiptsRoot)
+	require.Equal(t, fmt.Sprintf("%d", consensusPayload.BlockNumber), result.BlockNumber)
+}
+
+// TestExecutionPayload_ToConsensus_HappyPath checks the
+// (*ExecutionPayload).ToConsensus function under normal conditions.
+func TestExecutionPayload_ToConsensus_HappyPath(t *testing.T) {
+	payload := &ExecutionPayload{
+		ParentHash:    hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(common.HashLength, 0xaa)),
+		FeeRecipient:  hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(20, 0xbb)),
+		StateRoot:     hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(32, 0xcc)),
+		ReceiptsRoot:  hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(32, 0xdd)),
+		LogsBloom:     hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(256, 0xee)),
+		PrevRandao:    hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(32, 0xff)),
+		BlockNumber:   "12345",
+		GasLimit:      "15000000",
+		GasUsed:       "8000000",
+		Timestamp:     "1680000000",
+		ExtraData:     "0x11111111",
+		BaseFeePerGas: "1234",
+		BlockHash:     hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(common.HashLength, 0x22)),
+		Transactions: []string{
+			hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(10, 0x33)),
+			hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(10, 0x44)),
+		},
+	}
+
+	result, err := payload.ToConsensus()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.DeepEqual(t, result.ParentHash, fillByteSlice(common.HashLength, 0xaa))
+	require.DeepEqual(t, result.FeeRecipient, fillByteSlice(20, 0xbb))
+	require.DeepEqual(t, result.StateRoot, fillByteSlice(32, 0xcc))
+}
+
+// TestExecutionPayloadHeaderFromConsensus_HappyPath checks the
+// ExecutionPayloadHeaderFromConsensus function under normal conditions.
+func TestExecutionPayloadHeaderFromConsensus_HappyPath(t *testing.T) {
+	consensusHeader := &enginev1.ExecutionPayloadHeader{
+		ParentHash:       fillByteSlice(common.HashLength, 0xaa),
+		FeeRecipient:     fillByteSlice(20, 0xbb),
+		StateRoot:        fillByteSlice(32, 0xcc),
+		ReceiptsRoot:     fillByteSlice(32, 0xdd),
+		LogsBloom:        fillByteSlice(256, 0xee),
+		PrevRandao:       fillByteSlice(32, 0xff),
+		BlockNumber:      9999,
+		GasLimit:         5000000,
+		GasUsed:          2500000,
+		Timestamp:        1111111111,
+		ExtraData:        fillByteSlice(4, 0x12),
+		BaseFeePerGas:    fillByteSlice(32, 0x34),
+		BlockHash:        fillByteSlice(common.HashLength, 0x56),
+		TransactionsRoot: fillByteSlice(32, 0x78),
+	}
+
+	result, err := ExecutionPayloadHeaderFromConsensus(consensusHeader)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.NotNil(t, result)
+	require.Equal(t, hexutil.Encode(consensusHeader.ParentHash), result.ParentHash)
+	require.Equal(t, fmt.Sprintf("%d", consensusHeader.BlockNumber), result.BlockNumber)
+}
+
+// TestExecutionPayloadHeader_ToConsensus_HappyPath checks the
+// (*ExecutionPayloadHeader).ToConsensus function under normal conditions.
+func TestExecutionPayloadHeader_ToConsensus_HappyPath(t *testing.T) {
+	header := &ExecutionPayloadHeader{
+		ParentHash:       hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(common.HashLength, 0xaa)),
+		FeeRecipient:     hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(20, 0xbb)),
+		StateRoot:        hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(32, 0xcc)),
+		ReceiptsRoot:     hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(32, 0xdd)),
+		LogsBloom:        hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(256, 0xee)),
+		PrevRandao:       hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(32, 0xff)),
+		BlockNumber:      "9999",
+		GasLimit:         "5000000",
+		GasUsed:          "2500000",
+		Timestamp:        "1111111111",
+		ExtraData:        "0x1234abcd",
+		BaseFeePerGas:    "1234",
+		BlockHash:        hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(common.HashLength, 0x56)),
+		TransactionsRoot: hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(32, 0x78)),
+	}
+
+	result, err := header.ToConsensus()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.DeepEqual(t, hexutil.Encode(result.ParentHash), header.ParentHash)
+	require.DeepEqual(t, hexutil.Encode(result.FeeRecipient), header.FeeRecipient)
+	require.DeepEqual(t, hexutil.Encode(result.StateRoot), header.StateRoot)
+}
+
+// TestExecutionPayloadCapellaFromConsensus_HappyPath checks the
+// ExecutionPayloadCapellaFromConsensus function under normal conditions.
+func TestExecutionPayloadCapellaFromConsensus_HappyPath(t *testing.T) {
+	capellaPayload := &enginev1.ExecutionPayloadCapella{
+		ParentHash:    fillByteSlice(common.HashLength, 0xaa),
+		FeeRecipient:  fillByteSlice(20, 0xbb),
+		StateRoot:     fillByteSlice(32, 0xcc),
+		ReceiptsRoot:  fillByteSlice(32, 0xdd),
+		LogsBloom:     fillByteSlice(256, 0xee),
+		PrevRandao:    fillByteSlice(32, 0xff),
+		BlockNumber:   123,
+		GasLimit:      9876543,
+		GasUsed:       1234567,
+		Timestamp:     5555555,
+		ExtraData:     fillByteSlice(6, 0x11),
+		BaseFeePerGas: fillByteSlice(32, 0x22),
+		BlockHash:     fillByteSlice(common.HashLength, 0x33),
+		Transactions: [][]byte{
+			fillByteSlice(5, 0x44),
+		},
+		Withdrawals: []*enginev1.Withdrawal{
+			{
+				Index:          1,
+				ValidatorIndex: 2,
+				Address:        fillByteSlice(20, 0xaa),
+				Amount:         100,
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	result, err := ExecutionPayloadCapellaFromConsensus(capellaPayload)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.NotNil(t, result)
+	require.Equal(t, hexutil.Encode(capellaPayload.ParentHash), result.ParentHash)
+	require.Equal(t, len(capellaPayload.Transactions), len(result.Transactions))
+	require.Equal(t, len(capellaPayload.Withdrawals), len(result.Withdrawals))
+}
+
+// TestExecutionPayloadCapella_ToConsensus_HappyPath checks the
+// (*ExecutionPayloadCapella).ToConsensus function under normal conditions.
+func TestExecutionPayloadCapella_ToConsensus_HappyPath(t *testing.T) {
+	capella := &ExecutionPayloadCapella{
+		ParentHash:    hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(common.HashLength, 0xaa)),
+		FeeRecipient:  hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(20, 0xbb)),
+		StateRoot:     hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(32, 0xcc)),
+		ReceiptsRoot:  hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(32, 0xdd)),
+		LogsBloom:     hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(256, 0xee)),
+		PrevRandao:    hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(32, 0xff)),
+		BlockNumber:   "123",
+		GasLimit:      "9876543",
+		GasUsed:       "1234567",
+		Timestamp:     "5555555",
+		ExtraData:     hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(6, 0x11)),
+		BaseFeePerGas: "1234",
+		BlockHash:     hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(common.HashLength, 0x33)),
+		Transactions: []string{
+			hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(5, 0x44)),
+		},
+		Withdrawals: []*Withdrawal{
+			{
+				WithdrawalIndex:  "1",
+				ValidatorIndex:   "2",
+				ExecutionAddress: hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(20, 0xaa)),
+				Amount:           "100",
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	result, err := capella.ToConsensus()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.DeepEqual(t, hexutil.Encode(result.ParentHash), capella.ParentHash)
+	require.DeepEqual(t, hexutil.Encode(result.FeeRecipient), capella.FeeRecipient)
+	require.DeepEqual(t, hexutil.Encode(result.StateRoot), capella.StateRoot)
+}
+
+// TestExecutionPayloadDenebFromConsensus_HappyPath checks the
+// ExecutionPayloadDenebFromConsensus function under normal conditions.
+func TestExecutionPayloadDenebFromConsensus_HappyPath(t *testing.T) {
+	denebPayload := &enginev1.ExecutionPayloadDeneb{
+		ParentHash:    fillByteSlice(common.HashLength, 0xaa),
+		FeeRecipient:  fillByteSlice(20, 0xbb),
+		StateRoot:     fillByteSlice(32, 0xcc),
+		ReceiptsRoot:  fillByteSlice(32, 0xdd),
+		LogsBloom:     fillByteSlice(256, 0xee),
+		PrevRandao:    fillByteSlice(32, 0xff),
+		BlockNumber:   999,
+		GasLimit:      2222222,
+		GasUsed:       1111111,
+		Timestamp:     666666,
+		ExtraData:     fillByteSlice(6, 0x11),
+		BaseFeePerGas: fillByteSlice(32, 0x22),
+		BlockHash:     fillByteSlice(common.HashLength, 0x33),
+		Transactions: [][]byte{
+			fillByteSlice(5, 0x44),
+		},
+		Withdrawals: []*enginev1.Withdrawal{
+			{
+				Index:          1,
+				ValidatorIndex: 2,
+				Address:        fillByteSlice(20, 0xaa),
+				Amount:         100,
+			},
+		},
+		BlobGasUsed:   1234,
+		ExcessBlobGas: 5678,
+	}
+
+	result, err := ExecutionPayloadDenebFromConsensus(denebPayload)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Equal(t, hexutil.Encode(denebPayload.ParentHash), result.ParentHash)
+	require.Equal(t, len(denebPayload.Transactions), len(result.Transactions))
+	require.Equal(t, len(denebPayload.Withdrawals), len(result.Withdrawals))
+	require.Equal(t, "1234", result.BlobGasUsed)
+	require.Equal(t, fmt.Sprintf("%d", denebPayload.BlockNumber), result.BlockNumber)
+}
+
+// TestExecutionPayloadDeneb_ToConsensus_HappyPath checks the
+// (*ExecutionPayloadDeneb).ToConsensus function under normal conditions.
+func TestExecutionPayloadDeneb_ToConsensus_HappyPath(t *testing.T) {
+	deneb := &ExecutionPayloadDeneb{
+		ParentHash:    hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(common.HashLength, 0xaa)),
+		FeeRecipient:  hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(20, 0xbb)),
+		StateRoot:     hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(32, 0xcc)),
+		ReceiptsRoot:  hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(32, 0xdd)),
+		LogsBloom:     hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(256, 0xee)),
+		PrevRandao:    hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(32, 0xff)),
+		BlockNumber:   "999",
+		GasLimit:      "2222222",
+		GasUsed:       "1111111",
+		Timestamp:     "666666",
+		ExtraData:     hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(6, 0x11)),
+		BaseFeePerGas: "1234",
+		BlockHash:     hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(common.HashLength, 0x33)),
+		Transactions: []string{
+			hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(5, 0x44)),
+		},
+		Withdrawals: []*Withdrawal{
+			{
+				WithdrawalIndex:  "1",
+				ValidatorIndex:   "2",
+				ExecutionAddress: hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(20, 0xaa)),
+				Amount:           "100",
+			},
+		},
+		BlobGasUsed:   "1234",
+		ExcessBlobGas: "5678",
+	}
+
+	result, err := deneb.ToConsensus()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.DeepEqual(t, hexutil.Encode(result.ParentHash), deneb.ParentHash)
+	require.DeepEqual(t, hexutil.Encode(result.FeeRecipient), deneb.FeeRecipient)
+	require.Equal(t, result.BlockNumber, uint64(999))
+}
+
+func TestExecutionPayloadHeaderCapellaFromConsensus_HappyPath(t *testing.T) {
+	capellaHeader := &enginev1.ExecutionPayloadHeaderCapella{
+		ParentHash:       fillByteSlice(common.HashLength, 0xaa),
+		FeeRecipient:     fillByteSlice(20, 0xbb),
+		StateRoot:        fillByteSlice(32, 0xcc),
+		ReceiptsRoot:     fillByteSlice(32, 0xdd),
+		LogsBloom:        fillByteSlice(256, 0xee),
+		PrevRandao:       fillByteSlice(32, 0xff),
+		BlockNumber:      555,
+		GasLimit:         1111111,
+		GasUsed:          222222,
+		Timestamp:        3333333333,
+		ExtraData:        fillByteSlice(4, 0x12),
+		BaseFeePerGas:    fillByteSlice(32, 0x34),
+		BlockHash:        fillByteSlice(common.HashLength, 0x56),
+		TransactionsRoot: fillByteSlice(32, 0x78),
+		WithdrawalsRoot:  fillByteSlice(32, 0x99),
+	}
+
+	result, err := ExecutionPayloadHeaderCapellaFromConsensus(capellaHeader)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Equal(t, hexutil.Encode(capellaHeader.ParentHash), result.ParentHash)
+	require.DeepEqual(t, hexutil.Encode(capellaHeader.WithdrawalsRoot), result.WithdrawalsRoot)
+}
+
+func TestExecutionPayloadHeaderCapella_ToConsensus_HappyPath(t *testing.T) {
+	header := &ExecutionPayloadHeaderCapella{
+		ParentHash:       hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(common.HashLength, 0xaa)),
+		FeeRecipient:     hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(20, 0xbb)),
+		StateRoot:        hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(32, 0xcc)),
+		ReceiptsRoot:     hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(32, 0xdd)),
+		LogsBloom:        hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(256, 0xee)),
+		PrevRandao:       hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(32, 0xff)),
+		BlockNumber:      "555",
+		GasLimit:         "1111111",
+		GasUsed:          "222222",
+		Timestamp:        "3333333333",
+		ExtraData:        "0x1234abcd",
+		BaseFeePerGas:    "1234",
+		BlockHash:        hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(common.HashLength, 0x56)),
+		TransactionsRoot: hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(32, 0x78)),
+		WithdrawalsRoot:  hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(32, 0x99)),
+	}
+
+	result, err := header.ToConsensus()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.DeepEqual(t, hexutil.Encode(result.ParentHash), header.ParentHash)
+	require.DeepEqual(t, hexutil.Encode(result.FeeRecipient), header.FeeRecipient)
+	require.DeepEqual(t, hexutil.Encode(result.StateRoot), header.StateRoot)
+	require.DeepEqual(t, hexutil.Encode(result.ReceiptsRoot), header.ReceiptsRoot)
+	require.DeepEqual(t, hexutil.Encode(result.WithdrawalsRoot), header.WithdrawalsRoot)
+}
+
+func TestExecutionPayloadHeaderDenebFromConsensus_HappyPath(t *testing.T) {
+	denebHeader := &enginev1.ExecutionPayloadHeaderDeneb{
+		ParentHash:       fillByteSlice(common.HashLength, 0xaa),
+		FeeRecipient:     fillByteSlice(20, 0xbb),
+		StateRoot:        fillByteSlice(32, 0xcc),
+		ReceiptsRoot:     fillByteSlice(32, 0xdd),
+		LogsBloom:        fillByteSlice(256, 0xee),
+		PrevRandao:       fillByteSlice(32, 0xff),
+		BlockNumber:      999,
+		GasLimit:         5000000,
+		GasUsed:          2500000,
+		Timestamp:        4444444444,
+		ExtraData:        fillByteSlice(4, 0x12),
+		BaseFeePerGas:    fillByteSlice(32, 0x34),
+		BlockHash:        fillByteSlice(common.HashLength, 0x56),
+		TransactionsRoot: fillByteSlice(32, 0x78),
+		WithdrawalsRoot:  fillByteSlice(32, 0x99),
+		BlobGasUsed:      1234,
+		ExcessBlobGas:    5678,
+	}
+
+	result, err := ExecutionPayloadHeaderDenebFromConsensus(denebHeader)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Equal(t, hexutil.Encode(denebHeader.ParentHash), result.ParentHash)
+	require.DeepEqual(t, hexutil.Encode(denebHeader.FeeRecipient), result.FeeRecipient)
+	require.DeepEqual(t, hexutil.Encode(denebHeader.StateRoot), result.StateRoot)
+	require.DeepEqual(t, fmt.Sprintf("%d", denebHeader.BlobGasUsed), result.BlobGasUsed)
+}
+
+func TestExecutionPayloadHeaderDeneb_ToConsensus_HappyPath(t *testing.T) {
+	header := &ExecutionPayloadHeaderDeneb{
+		ParentHash:       hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(common.HashLength, 0xaa)),
+		FeeRecipient:     hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(20, 0xbb)),
+		StateRoot:        hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(32, 0xcc)),
+		ReceiptsRoot:     hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(32, 0xdd)),
+		LogsBloom:        hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(256, 0xee)),
+		PrevRandao:       hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(32, 0xff)),
+		BlockNumber:      "999",
+		GasLimit:         "5000000",
+		GasUsed:          "2500000",
+		Timestamp:        "4444444444",
+		ExtraData:        "0x1234abcd",
+		BaseFeePerGas:    "1234",
+		BlockHash:        hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(common.HashLength, 0x56)),
+		TransactionsRoot: hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(32, 0x78)),
+		WithdrawalsRoot:  hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(32, 0x99)),
+		BlobGasUsed:      "1234",
+		ExcessBlobGas:    "5678",
+	}
+
+	result, err := header.ToConsensus()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.DeepEqual(t, hexutil.Encode(result.ParentHash), header.ParentHash)
+	require.DeepEqual(t, result.BlobGasUsed, uint64(1234))
+	require.DeepEqual(t, result.ExcessBlobGas, uint64(5678))
+	require.DeepEqual(t, result.BlockNumber, uint64(999))
+}
+
+func TestWithdrawalRequestsFromConsensus_HappyPath(t *testing.T) {
+	consensusRequests := []*enginev1.WithdrawalRequest{
+		{
+			SourceAddress:   fillByteSlice(20, 0xbb),
+			ValidatorPubkey: fillByteSlice(48, 0xbb),
+			Amount:          12345,
+		},
+		{
+			SourceAddress:   fillByteSlice(20, 0xcc),
+			ValidatorPubkey: fillByteSlice(48, 0xcc),
+			Amount:          54321,
+		},
+	}
+
+	result := WithdrawalRequestsFromConsensus(consensusRequests)
+	require.DeepEqual(t, len(result), len(consensusRequests))
+	require.DeepEqual(t, result[0].Amount, fmt.Sprintf("%d", consensusRequests[0].Amount))
+}
+
+func TestWithdrawalRequestFromConsensus_HappyPath(t *testing.T) {
+	req := &enginev1.WithdrawalRequest{
+		SourceAddress:   fillByteSlice(20, 0xbb),
+		ValidatorPubkey: fillByteSlice(48, 0xbb),
+		Amount:          42,
+	}
+	result := WithdrawalRequestFromConsensus(req)
+	require.NotNil(t, result)
+	require.DeepEqual(t, result.SourceAddress, hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(20, 0xbb)))
+}
+
+func TestWithdrawalRequest_ToConsensus_HappyPath(t *testing.T) {
+	withdrawalReq := &WithdrawalRequest{
+		SourceAddress:   hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(20, 111)),
+		ValidatorPubkey: hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(48, 123)),
+		Amount:          "12345",
+	}
+	result, err := withdrawalReq.ToConsensus()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.DeepEqual(t, result.Amount, uint64(12345))
+}
+
+func TestConsolidationRequestsFromConsensus_HappyPath(t *testing.T) {
+	consensusRequests := []*enginev1.ConsolidationRequest{
+		{
+			SourceAddress: fillByteSlice(20, 111),
+			SourcePubkey:  fillByteSlice(48, 112),
+			TargetPubkey:  fillByteSlice(48, 113),
+		},
+	}
+	result := ConsolidationRequestsFromConsensus(consensusRequests)
+	require.DeepEqual(t, len(result), len(consensusRequests))
+	require.DeepEqual(t, result[0].SourceAddress, "0x6f6f6f6f6f6f6f6f6f6f6f6f6f6f6f6f6f6f6f6f")
+}
+
+func TestDepositRequestsFromConsensus_HappyPath(t *testing.T) {
+	ds := []*enginev1.DepositRequest{
+		{
+			Pubkey:                fillByteSlice(48, 0xbb),
+			WithdrawalCredentials: fillByteSlice(32, 0xdd),
+			Amount:                98765,
+			Signature:             fillByteSlice(96, 0xff),
+			Index:                 111,
+		},
+	}
+	result := DepositRequestsFromConsensus(ds)
+	require.DeepEqual(t, len(result), len(ds))
+	require.DeepEqual(t, result[0].Amount, "98765")
+}
+
+func TestDepositRequest_ToConsensus_HappyPath(t *testing.T) {
+	req := &DepositRequest{
+		Pubkey:                hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(48, 0xbb)),
+		WithdrawalCredentials: hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(32, 0xaa)),
+		Amount:                "123",
+		Signature:             hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(96, 0xdd)),
+		Index:                 "456",
+	}
+
+	result, err := req.ToConsensus()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.DeepEqual(t, result.Amount, uint64(123))
+	require.DeepEqual(t, result.Signature, fillByteSlice(96, 0xdd))
+}
+
+func TestExecutionRequestsFromConsensus_HappyPath(t *testing.T) {
+	er := &enginev1.ExecutionRequests{
+		Deposits: []*enginev1.DepositRequest{
+			{
+				Pubkey:                fillByteSlice(48, 0xba),
+				WithdrawalCredentials: fillByteSlice(32, 0xaa),
+				Amount:                33,
+				Signature:             fillByteSlice(96, 0xff),
+				Index:                 44,
+			},
+		},
+		Withdrawals: []*enginev1.WithdrawalRequest{
+			{
+				SourceAddress:   fillByteSlice(20, 0xaa),
+				ValidatorPubkey: fillByteSlice(48, 0xba),
+				Amount:          555,
+			},
+		},
+		Consolidations: []*enginev1.ConsolidationRequest{
+			{
+				SourceAddress: fillByteSlice(20, 0xdd),
+				SourcePubkey:  fillByteSlice(48, 0xdd),
+				TargetPubkey:  fillByteSlice(48, 0xcc),
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	result := ExecutionRequestsFromConsensus(er)
+	require.NotNil(t, result)
+	require.Equal(t, 1, len(result.Deposits))
+	require.Equal(t, "33", result.Deposits[0].Amount)
+	require.Equal(t, 1, len(result.Withdrawals))
+	require.Equal(t, "555", result.Withdrawals[0].Amount)
+	require.Equal(t, 1, len(result.Consolidations))
+	require.Equal(t, "0xcccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc", result.Consolidations[0].TargetPubkey)
+}
+
+func TestExecutionRequests_ToConsensus_HappyPath(t *testing.T) {
+	execReq := &ExecutionRequests{
+		Deposits: []*DepositRequest{
+			{
+				Pubkey:                hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(48, 0xbb)),
+				WithdrawalCredentials: hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(32, 0xaa)),
+				Amount:                "33",
+				Signature:             hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(96, 0xff)),
+				Index:                 "44",
+			},
+		},
+		Withdrawals: []*WithdrawalRequest{
+			{
+				SourceAddress:   hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(20, 0xdd)),
+				ValidatorPubkey: hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(48, 0xbb)),
+				Amount:          "555",
+			},
+		},
+		Consolidations: []*ConsolidationRequest{
+			{
+				SourceAddress: hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(20, 0xcc)),
+				SourcePubkey:  hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(48, 0xbb)),
+				TargetPubkey:  hexutil.Encode(fillByteSlice(48, 0xcc)),
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	result, err := execReq.ToConsensus()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	require.Equal(t, 1, len(result.Deposits))
+	require.Equal(t, uint64(33), result.Deposits[0].Amount)
+	require.Equal(t, 1, len(result.Withdrawals))
+	require.Equal(t, uint64(555), result.Withdrawals[0].Amount)
+	require.Equal(t, 1, len(result.Consolidations))
+	require.DeepEqual(t, fillByteSlice(48, 0xcc), result.Consolidations[0].TargetPubkey)
+}
--- a/api/server/structs/conversions_test.go
+++ b/api/server/structs/conversions_test.go
@@ -24,3 +24,96 @@ func TestDepositSnapshotFromConsensus(t *testing.T) {
 	require.Equal(t, "0x1234", res.ExecutionBlockHash)
 	require.Equal(t, "67890", res.ExecutionBlockHeight)
 }
+
+func TestSignedBLSToExecutionChange_ToConsensus(t *testing.T) {
+	s := &SignedBLSToExecutionChange{Message: nil, Signature: ""}
+	_, err := s.ToConsensus()
+	require.ErrorContains(t, errNilValue.Error(), err)
+}
+
+func TestSignedValidatorRegistration_ToConsensus(t *testing.T) {
+	s := &SignedValidatorRegistration{Message: nil, Signature: ""}
+	_, err := s.ToConsensus()
+	require.ErrorContains(t, errNilValue.Error(), err)
+}
+
+func TestSignedContributionAndProof_ToConsensus(t *testing.T) {
+	s := &SignedContributionAndProof{Message: nil, Signature: ""}
+	_, err := s.ToConsensus()
+	require.ErrorContains(t, errNilValue.Error(), err)
+}
+
+func TestContributionAndProof_ToConsensus(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &ContributionAndProof{
+		Contribution:    nil,
+		AggregatorIndex: "invalid",
+		SelectionProof:  "",
+	}
+	_, err := c.ToConsensus()
+	require.ErrorContains(t, errNilValue.Error(), err)
+}
+
+func TestSignedAggregateAttestationAndProof_ToConsensus(t *testing.T) {
+	s := &SignedAggregateAttestationAndProof{Message: nil, Signature: ""}
+	_, err := s.ToConsensus()
+	require.ErrorContains(t, errNilValue.Error(), err)
+}
+
+func TestAggregateAttestationAndProof_ToConsensus(t *testing.T) {
+	a := &AggregateAttestationAndProof{
+		AggregatorIndex: "1",
+		Aggregate:       nil,
+		SelectionProof:  "",
+	}
+	_, err := a.ToConsensus()
+	require.ErrorContains(t, errNilValue.Error(), err)
+}
+
+func TestAttestation_ToConsensus(t *testing.T) {
+	a := &Attestation{
+		AggregationBits: "0x10",
+		Data:            nil,
+		Signature:       "",
+	}
+	_, err := a.ToConsensus()
+	require.ErrorContains(t, errNilValue.Error(), err)
+}
+
+func TestSingleAttestation_ToConsensus(t *testing.T) {
+	s := &SingleAttestation{
+		CommitteeIndex: "1",
+		AttesterIndex:  "1",
+		Data:           nil,
+		Signature:      "",
+	}
+	_, err := s.ToConsensus()
+	require.ErrorContains(t, errNilValue.Error(), err)
+}
+
+func TestSignedVoluntaryExit_ToConsensus(t *testing.T) {
+	s := &SignedVoluntaryExit{Message: nil, Signature: ""}
+	_, err := s.ToConsensus()
+	require.ErrorContains(t, errNilValue.Error(), err)
+}
+
+func TestProposerSlashing_ToConsensus(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &ProposerSlashing{SignedHeader1: nil, SignedHeader2: nil}
+	_, err := p.ToConsensus()
+	require.ErrorContains(t, errNilValue.Error(), err)
+}
+
+func TestAttesterSlashing_ToConsensus(t *testing.T) {
+	a := &AttesterSlashing{Attestation1: nil, Attestation2: nil}
+	_, err := a.ToConsensus()
+	require.ErrorContains(t, errNilValue.Error(), err)
+}
+
+func TestIndexedAttestation_ToConsensus(t *testing.T) {
+	a := &IndexedAttestation{
+		AttestingIndices: []string{"1"},
+		Data:             nil,
+		Signature:        "invalid",
+	}
+	_, err := a.ToConsensus()
+	require.ErrorContains(t, errNilValue.Error(), err)
+}
--- a/api/server/structs/endpoints_beacon.go
+++ b/api/server/structs/endpoints_beacon.go
@@ -250,3 +250,17 @@ type ChainHead struct {
 	PreviousJustifiedBlockRoot string `json:"previous_justified_block_root"`
 	OptimisticStatus           bool   `json:"optimistic_status"`
 }
+
+type GetPendingDepositsResponse struct {
+	Version             string            `json:"version"`
+	ExecutionOptimistic bool              `json:"execution_optimistic"`
+	Finalized           bool              `json:"finalized"`
+	Data                []*PendingDeposit `json:"data"`
+}
+
+type GetPendingPartialWithdrawalsResponse struct {
+	Version             string                      `json:"version"`
+	ExecutionOptimistic bool                        `json:"execution_optimistic"`
+	Finalized           bool                        `json:"finalized"`
+	Data                []*PendingPartialWithdrawal `json:"data"`
+}
--- a/api/server/structs/endpoints_debug.go
+++ b/api/server/structs/endpoints_debug.go
@@ -54,4 +54,5 @@ type ForkChoiceNodeExtraData struct {
 	Balance                  string `json:"balance"`
 	ExecutionOptimistic      bool   `json:"execution_optimistic"`
 	TimeStamp                string `json:"timestamp"`
+	Target                   string `json:"target"`
 }
--- a/api/server/structs/other.go
+++ b/api/server/structs/other.go
@@ -36,6 +36,13 @@ type AttestationElectra struct {
 	CommitteeBits   string           `json:"committee_bits"`
 }

+type SingleAttestation struct {
+	CommitteeIndex string           `json:"committee_index"`
+	AttesterIndex  string           `json:"attester_index"`
+	Data           *AttestationData `json:"data"`
+	Signature      string           `json:"signature"`
+}
+
 type AttestationData struct {
 	Slot            string      `json:"slot"`
 	CommitteeIndex  string      `json:"index"`
@@ -237,26 +244,6 @@ type Withdrawal struct {
 	Amount           string `json:"amount"`
 }

-type DepositRequest struct {
-	Pubkey                string `json:"pubkey"`
-	WithdrawalCredentials string `json:"withdrawal_credentials"`
-	Amount                string `json:"amount"`
-	Signature             string `json:"signature"`
-	Index                 string `json:"index"`
-}
-
-type WithdrawalRequest struct {
-	SourceAddress   string `json:"source_address"`
-	ValidatorPubkey string `json:"validator_pubkey"`
-	Amount          string `json:"amount"`
-}
-
-type ConsolidationRequest struct {
-	SourceAddress string `json:"source_address"`
-	SourcePubkey  string `json:"source_pubkey"`
-	TargetPubkey  string `json:"target_pubkey"`
-}
-
 type PendingDeposit struct {
 	Pubkey                string `json:"pubkey"`
 	WithdrawalCredentials string `json:"withdrawal_credentials"`
--- a/async/multilock.go
+++ b/async/multilock.go
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ func getChan(key string) chan byte {

 // Return a new string with unique elements.
 func unique(arr []string) []string {
-	if arr == nil || len(arr) <= 1 {
+	if len(arr) <= 1 {
 		return arr
 	}

--- a/beacon-chain/blockchain/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/beacon-chain/blockchain/BUILD.bazel
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ go_library(
        "forkchoice_update_execution.go",
        "head.go",
        "head_sync_committee_info.go",
+        "holeskyhack.go",
        "init_sync_process_block.go",
        "log.go",
        "merge_ascii_art.go",
@@ -25,8 +26,8 @@ go_library(
        "receive_attestation.go",
        "receive_blob.go",
        "receive_block.go",
-        "receive_data_column.go",
        "service.go",
+        "setup_forchoice.go",
        "tracked_proposer.go",
        "weak_subjectivity_checks.go",
    ],
@@ -44,12 +45,12 @@ go_library(
        "//beacon-chain/cache:go_default_library",
        "//beacon-chain/core/altair:go_default_library",
        "//beacon-chain/core/blocks:go_default_library",
+        "//beacon-chain/core/electra:go_default_library",
        "//beacon-chain/core/epoch/precompute:go_default_library",
        "//beacon-chain/core/feed:go_default_library",
        "//beacon-chain/core/feed/state:go_default_library",
        "//beacon-chain/core/helpers:go_default_library",
        "//beacon-chain/core/light-client:go_default_library",
-        "//beacon-chain/core/peerdas:go_default_library",
        "//beacon-chain/core/signing:go_default_library",
        "//beacon-chain/core/time:go_default_library",
        "//beacon-chain/core/transition:go_default_library",
@@ -159,7 +160,6 @@ go_test(
        "//beacon-chain/operations/slashings:go_default_library",
        "//beacon-chain/operations/voluntaryexits:go_default_library",
        "//beacon-chain/p2p:go_default_library",
-        "//beacon-chain/p2p/testing:go_default_library",
        "//beacon-chain/startup:go_default_library",
        "//beacon-chain/state:go_default_library",
        "//beacon-chain/state/state-native:go_default_library",
--- a/beacon-chain/blockchain/blockchain_test.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/blockchain/blockchain_test.go
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package blockchain

 import (
 	"io"
+	"os"
 	"testing"

 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
@@ -11,5 +12,5 @@ func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
 	logrus.SetLevel(logrus.DebugLevel)
 	logrus.SetOutput(io.Discard)

-	m.Run()
+	os.Exit(m.Run())
 }
--- a/beacon-chain/blockchain/error.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/blockchain/error.go
@@ -33,7 +33,6 @@ var (
 )

 var errMaxBlobsExceeded = errors.New("Expected commitments in block exceeds MAX_BLOBS_PER_BLOCK")
-var errMaxDataColumnsExceeded = errors.New("Expected data columns for node exceeds NUMBER_OF_COLUMNS")

 // An invalid block is the block that fails state transition based on the core protocol rules.
 // The beacon node shall not be accepting nor building blocks that branch off from an invalid block.
--- a/beacon-chain/blockchain/execution_engine.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/blockchain/execution_engine.go
@@ -268,6 +268,9 @@ func (s *Service) notifyNewPayload(ctx context.Context, preStateVersion int,
 		if err != nil {
 			return false, errors.Wrap(err, "could not get execution requests")
 		}
+		if requests == nil {
+			return false, errors.New("nil execution requests")
+		}
 	}
 	lastValidHash, err = s.cfg.ExecutionEngineCaller.NewPayload(ctx, payload, versionedHashes, parentRoot, requests)

--- a/beacon-chain/blockchain/holeskyhack.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/blockchain/holeskyhack.go
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+package blockchain
+
+import (
+	"encoding/hex"
+
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+)
+
+var errHoleskyForbiddenRoot = errors.New("refusing to process forbidden holesky block")
+
+// hack to prevent bad holesky block importation
+var badHoleskyRoot [32]byte
+
+func init() {
+	hexStr := "2db899881ed8546476d0b92c6aa9110bea9a4cd0dbeb5519eb0ea69575f1f359"
+	bytes, err := hex.DecodeString(hexStr)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	badHoleskyRoot = [32]byte(bytes)
+}
--- a/beacon-chain/blockchain/kzg/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/beacon-chain/blockchain/kzg/BUILD.bazel
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ load("@prysm//tools/go:def.bzl", "go_library", "go_test")
 go_library(
    name = "go_default_library",
    srcs = [
-        "kzg.go",
        "trusted_setup.go",
        "validation.go",
    ],
@@ -13,9 +12,6 @@ go_library(
    deps = [
        "//consensus-types/blocks:go_default_library",
        "@com_github_crate_crypto_go_kzg_4844//:go_default_library",
-        "@com_github_ethereum_c_kzg_4844//bindings/go:go_default_library",
-        "@com_github_ethereum_go_ethereum//common/hexutil:go_default_library",
-        "@com_github_ethereum_go_ethereum//crypto/kzg4844:go_default_library",
        "@com_github_pkg_errors//:go_default_library",
    ],
 )
--- a/beacon-chain/blockchain/kzg/kzg.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/blockchain/kzg/kzg.go
@@ -1,111 +0,0 @@
-package kzg
-
-import (
-	"errors"
-
-	ckzg4844 "github.com/ethereum/c-kzg-4844/v2/bindings/go"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto/kzg4844"
-)
-
-// BytesPerBlob is the number of bytes in a single blob.
-const BytesPerBlob = ckzg4844.BytesPerBlob
-
-// Blob represents a serialized chunk of data.
-type Blob [BytesPerBlob]byte
-
-// BytesPerCell is the number of bytes in a single cell.
-const BytesPerCell = ckzg4844.BytesPerCell
-
-// Cell represents a chunk of an encoded Blob.
-type Cell [BytesPerCell]byte
-
-// Commitment represent a KZG commitment to a Blob.
-type Commitment [48]byte
-
-// Proof represents a KZG proof that attests to the validity of a Blob or parts of it.
-type Proof [48]byte
-
-// Bytes48 is a 48-byte array.
-type Bytes48 = ckzg4844.Bytes48
-
-// Bytes32 is a 32-byte array.
-type Bytes32 = ckzg4844.Bytes32
-
-// CellsAndProofs represents the Cells and Proofs corresponding to
-// a single blob.
-type CellsAndProofs struct {
-	Cells  []Cell
-	Proofs []Proof
-}
-
-func BlobToKZGCommitment(blob *Blob) (Commitment, error) {
-	kzgBlob := kzg4844.Blob(*blob)
-	comm, err := kzg4844.BlobToCommitment(&kzgBlob)
-	if err != nil {
-		return Commitment{}, err
-	}
-	return Commitment(comm), nil
-}
-
-func ComputeBlobKZGProof(blob *Blob, commitment Commitment) (Proof, error) {
-	kzgBlob := kzg4844.Blob(*blob)
-	proof, err := kzg4844.ComputeBlobProof(&kzgBlob, kzg4844.Commitment(commitment))
-	if err != nil {
-		return [48]byte{}, err
-	}
-	return Proof(proof), nil
-}
-
-func ComputeCellsAndKZGProofs(blob *Blob) (CellsAndProofs, error) {
-	ckzgBlob := (*ckzg4844.Blob)(blob)
-	ckzgCells, ckzgProofs, err := ckzg4844.ComputeCellsAndKZGProofs(ckzgBlob)
-	if err != nil {
-		return CellsAndProofs{}, err
-	}
-
-	return makeCellsAndProofs(ckzgCells[:], ckzgProofs[:])
-}
-
-func VerifyCellKZGProofBatch(commitmentsBytes []Bytes48, cellIndices []uint64, cells []Cell, proofsBytes []Bytes48) (bool, error) {
-	// Convert `Cell` type to `ckzg4844.Cell`
-	ckzgCells := make([]ckzg4844.Cell, len(cells))
-	for i := range cells {
-		ckzgCells[i] = ckzg4844.Cell(cells[i])
-	}
-
-	return ckzg4844.VerifyCellKZGProofBatch(commitmentsBytes, cellIndices, ckzgCells, proofsBytes)
-}
-
-func RecoverCellsAndKZGProofs(cellIndices []uint64, partialCells []Cell) (CellsAndProofs, error) {
-	// Convert `Cell` type to `ckzg4844.Cell`
-	ckzgPartialCells := make([]ckzg4844.Cell, len(partialCells))
-	for i := range partialCells {
-		ckzgPartialCells[i] = ckzg4844.Cell(partialCells[i])
-	}
-
-	ckzgCells, ckzgProofs, err := ckzg4844.RecoverCellsAndKZGProofs(cellIndices, ckzgPartialCells)
-	if err != nil {
-		return CellsAndProofs{}, err
-	}
-
-	return makeCellsAndProofs(ckzgCells[:], ckzgProofs[:])
-}
-
-// Convert cells/proofs to the CellsAndProofs type defined in this package.
-func makeCellsAndProofs(ckzgCells []ckzg4844.Cell, ckzgProofs []ckzg4844.KZGProof) (CellsAndProofs, error) {
-	if len(ckzgCells) != len(ckzgProofs) {
-		return CellsAndProofs{}, errors.New("different number of cells/proofs")
-	}
-
-	var cells []Cell
-	var proofs []Proof
-	for i := range ckzgCells {
-		cells = append(cells, Cell(ckzgCells[i]))
-		proofs = append(proofs, Proof(ckzgProofs[i]))
-	}
-
-	return CellsAndProofs{
-		Cells:  cells,
-		Proofs: proofs,
-	}, nil
-}
--- a/beacon-chain/blockchain/kzg/trusted_setup.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/blockchain/kzg/trusted_setup.go
@@ -5,8 +5,6 @@ import (
 	"encoding/json"

 	GoKZG "github.com/crate-crypto/go-kzg-4844"
-	CKZG "github.com/ethereum/c-kzg-4844/v2/bindings/go"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/hexutil"
 	"github.com/pkg/errors"
 )

@@ -14,53 +12,17 @@ var (
 	//go:embed trusted_setup.json
 	embeddedTrustedSetup []byte // 1.2Mb
 	kzgContext           *GoKZG.Context
-	kzgLoaded            bool
 )

-type TrustedSetup struct {
-	G1Monomial [GoKZG.ScalarsPerBlob]GoKZG.G1CompressedHexStr `json:"g1_monomial"`
-	G1Lagrange [GoKZG.ScalarsPerBlob]GoKZG.G1CompressedHexStr `json:"g1_lagrange"`
-	G2Monomial [65]GoKZG.G2CompressedHexStr                   `json:"g2_monomial"`
-}
-
 func Start() error {
-	trustedSetup := &TrustedSetup{}
-	err := json.Unmarshal(embeddedTrustedSetup, trustedSetup)
+	parsedSetup := GoKZG.JSONTrustedSetup{}
+	err := json.Unmarshal(embeddedTrustedSetup, &parsedSetup)
 	if err != nil {
 		return errors.Wrap(err, "could not parse trusted setup JSON")
 	}
-	kzgContext, err = GoKZG.NewContext4096(&GoKZG.JSONTrustedSetup{
-		SetupG2:         trustedSetup.G2Monomial[:],
-		SetupG1Lagrange: trustedSetup.G1Lagrange})
+	kzgContext, err = GoKZG.NewContext4096(&parsedSetup)
 	if err != nil {
 		return errors.Wrap(err, "could not initialize go-kzg context")
 	}
-
-	// Length of a G1 point, converted from hex to binary.
-	g1MonomialBytes := make([]byte, len(trustedSetup.G1Monomial)*(len(trustedSetup.G1Monomial[0])-2)/2)
-	for i, g1 := range &trustedSetup.G1Monomial {
-		copy(g1MonomialBytes[i*(len(g1)-2)/2:], hexutil.MustDecode(g1))
-	}
-	// Length of a G1 point, converted from hex to binary.
-	g1LagrangeBytes := make([]byte, len(trustedSetup.G1Lagrange)*(len(trustedSetup.G1Lagrange[0])-2)/2)
-	for i, g1 := range &trustedSetup.G1Lagrange {
-		copy(g1LagrangeBytes[i*(len(g1)-2)/2:], hexutil.MustDecode(g1))
-	}
-	// Length of a G2 point, converted from hex to binary.
-	g2MonomialBytes := make([]byte, len(trustedSetup.G2Monomial)*(len(trustedSetup.G2Monomial[0])-2)/2)
-	for i, g2 := range &trustedSetup.G2Monomial {
-		copy(g2MonomialBytes[i*(len(g2)-2)/2:], hexutil.MustDecode(g2))
-	}
-	if !kzgLoaded {
-		// TODO: Provide a configuration option for this.
-		var precompute uint = 8
-
-		// Free the current trusted setup before running this method. CKZG
-		// panics if the same setup is run multiple times.
-		if err = CKZG.LoadTrustedSetup(g1MonomialBytes, g1LagrangeBytes, g2MonomialBytes, precompute); err != nil {
-			panic(err)
-		}
-	}
-	kzgLoaded = true
 	return nil
 }
--- a/beacon-chain/blockchain/kzg/trusted_setup.json
+++ b/beacon-chain/blockchain/kzg/trusted_setup.json
--- a/beacon-chain/blockchain/log.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/blockchain/log.go
@@ -69,6 +69,22 @@ func logStateTransitionData(b interfaces.ReadOnlyBeaconBlock) error {
 			log = log.WithField("kzgCommitmentCount", len(kzgs))
 		}
 	}
+	if b.Version() >= version.Electra {
+		eReqs, err := b.Body().ExecutionRequests()
+		if err != nil {
+			log.WithError(err).Error("Failed to get execution requests")
+		} else {
+			if len(eReqs.Deposits) > 0 {
+				log = log.WithField("depositRequestCount", len(eReqs.Deposits))
+			}
+			if len(eReqs.Consolidations) > 0 {
+				log = log.WithField("consolidationRequestCount", len(eReqs.Consolidations))
+			}
+			if len(eReqs.Withdrawals) > 0 {
+				log = log.WithField("withdrawalRequestCount", len(eReqs.Withdrawals))
+			}
+		}
+	}
 	log.Info("Finished applying state transition")
 	return nil
 }
--- a/beacon-chain/blockchain/options.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/blockchain/options.go
@@ -126,9 +126,9 @@ func WithBLSToExecPool(p blstoexec.PoolManager) Option {
 }

 // WithP2PBroadcaster to broadcast messages after appropriate processing.
-func WithP2PBroadcaster(p p2p.Acceser) Option {
+func WithP2PBroadcaster(p p2p.Broadcaster) Option {
 	return func(s *Service) error {
-		s.cfg.P2P = p
+		s.cfg.P2p = p
 		return nil
 	}
 }
@@ -213,3 +213,10 @@ func WithSyncChecker(checker Checker) Option {
 		return nil
 	}
 }
+
+func WithSlasherEnabled(enabled bool) Option {
+	return func(s *Service) error {
+		s.slasherEnabled = enabled
+		return nil
+	}
+}
--- a/beacon-chain/blockchain/process_block.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/blockchain/process_block.go
@@ -3,13 +3,11 @@ package blockchain
 import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
-	"slices"
 	"time"

 	"github.com/pkg/errors"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/core/blocks"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/core/helpers"
-	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/core/peerdas"
 	coreTime "github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/core/time"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/core/transition"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/das"
@@ -175,6 +173,9 @@ func (s *Service) onBlockBatch(ctx context.Context, blks []consensusblocks.ROBlo
 	var set *bls.SignatureBatch
 	boundaries := make(map[[32]byte]state.BeaconState)
 	for i, b := range blks {
+		if b.Root() == badHoleskyRoot {
+			return errHoleskyForbiddenRoot
+		}
 		v, h, err := getStateVersionAndPayload(preState)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
@@ -236,9 +237,7 @@ func (s *Service) onBlockBatch(ctx context.Context, blks []consensusblocks.ROBlo
 				return err
 			}
 		}
-
-		nodeID := s.cfg.P2P.NodeID()
-		if err := avs.IsDataAvailable(ctx, nodeID, s.CurrentSlot(), b); err != nil {
+		if err := avs.IsDataAvailable(ctx, s.CurrentSlot(), b); err != nil {
 			return errors.Wrapf(err, "could not validate blob data availability at slot %d", b.Block().Slot())
 		}
 		args := &forkchoicetypes.BlockAndCheckpoints{Block: b,
@@ -516,56 +515,22 @@ func missingIndices(bs *filesystem.BlobStorage, root [32]byte, expected [][]byte
 	if len(expected) > maxBlobsPerBlock {
 		return nil, errMaxBlobsExceeded
 	}
-	indices, err := bs.Indices(root, slot)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "indices")
-	}
+	indices := bs.Summary(root)
 	missing := make(map[uint64]struct{}, len(expected))
 	for i := range expected {
-		ui := uint64(i)
-		if len(expected[i]) > 0 {
-			if !indices[i] {
-				missing[ui] = struct{}{}
-			}
+		if len(expected[i]) > 0 && !indices.HasIndex(uint64(i)) {
+			missing[uint64(i)] = struct{}{}
 		}
 	}
 	return missing, nil
 }

-func missingDataColumns(bs *filesystem.BlobStorage, root [32]byte, expected map[uint64]bool) (map[uint64]bool, error) {
-	if len(expected) == 0 {
-		return nil, nil
-	}
-
-	if len(expected) > int(params.BeaconConfig().NumberOfColumns) {
-		return nil, errMaxDataColumnsExceeded
-	}
-
-	indices, err := bs.ColumnIndices(root)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	missing := make(map[uint64]bool, len(expected))
-	for col := range expected {
-		if !indices[col] {
-			missing[col] = true
-		}
-	}
-
-	return missing, nil
-}
-
 // isDataAvailable blocks until all BlobSidecars committed to in the block are available,
 // or an error or context cancellation occurs. A nil result means that the data availability check is successful.
 // The function will first check the database to see if all sidecars have been persisted. If any
 // sidecars are missing, it will then read from the blobNotifier channel for the given root until the channel is
 // closed, the context hits cancellation/timeout, or notifications have been received for all the missing sidecars.
 func (s *Service) isDataAvailable(ctx context.Context, root [32]byte, signed interfaces.ReadOnlySignedBeaconBlock) error {
-	if coreTime.PeerDASIsActive(signed.Block().Slot()) {
-		return s.areDataColumnsAvailable(ctx, root, signed)
-	}
-
 	if signed.Version() < version.Deneb {
 		return nil
 	}
@@ -595,7 +560,7 @@ func (s *Service) isDataAvailable(ctx context.Context, root [32]byte, signed int
 	// get a map of BlobSidecar indices that are not currently available.
 	missing, err := missingIndices(s.blobStorage, root, kzgCommitments, block.Slot())
 	if err != nil {
-		return errors.Wrap(err, "missing indices")
+		return err
 	}
 	// If there are no missing indices, all BlobSidecars are available.
 	if len(missing) == 0 {
@@ -614,13 +579,8 @@ func (s *Service) isDataAvailable(ctx context.Context, root [32]byte, signed int
 			if len(missing) == 0 {
 				return
 			}
-
-			log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
-				"slot":          signed.Block().Slot(),
-				"root":          fmt.Sprintf("%#x", root),
-				"blobsExpected": expected,
-				"blobsWaiting":  len(missing),
-			}).Error("Still waiting for blobs DA check at slot end.")
+			log.WithFields(daCheckLogFields(root, signed.Block().Slot(), expected, len(missing))).
+				Error("Still waiting for DA check at slot end.")
 		})
 		defer nst.Stop()
 	}
@@ -642,176 +602,12 @@ func (s *Service) isDataAvailable(ctx context.Context, root [32]byte, signed int
 	}
 }

-// uint64MapToSortedSlice produces a sorted uint64 slice from a map.
-func uint64MapToSortedSlice(input map[uint64]bool) []uint64 {
-	output := make([]uint64, 0, len(input))
-	for idx := range input {
-		output = append(output, idx)
-	}
-	slices.Sort[[]uint64](output)
-	return output
-}
-
-func (s *Service) areDataColumnsAvailable(ctx context.Context, root [32]byte, signed interfaces.ReadOnlySignedBeaconBlock) error {
-	if signed.Version() < version.Fulu {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	block := signed.Block()
-	if block == nil {
-		return errors.New("invalid nil beacon block")
-	}
-
-	// We are only required to check within MIN_EPOCHS_FOR_BLOB_SIDECARS_REQUESTS
-	blockSlot, currentSlot := block.Slot(), s.CurrentSlot()
-	blockEpoch, currentEpoch := slots.ToEpoch(blockSlot), slots.ToEpoch(currentSlot)
-
-	if !params.WithinDAPeriod(blockEpoch, currentEpoch) {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	body := block.Body()
-	if body == nil {
-		return errors.New("invalid nil beacon block body")
-	}
-
-	kzgCommitments, err := body.BlobKzgCommitments()
-	if err != nil {
-		return errors.Wrap(err, "blob KZG commitments")
-	}
-
-	// If block has not commitments there is nothing to wait for.
-	if len(kzgCommitments) == 0 {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	// All columns to sample need to be available for the block to be considered available.
-	// https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/v1.5.0-alpha.10/specs/fulu/das-core.md#custody-sampling
-	nodeID := s.cfg.P2P.NodeID()
-	custodyGroupSamplingSize := peerdas.CustodyGroupSamplingSize()
-
-	custodyGroups, err := peerdas.CustodyGroups(nodeID, custodyGroupSamplingSize)
-	if err != nil {
-		return errors.Wrap(err, "custody groups")
-	}
-
-	// Exit early if the node is not expected to custody any data columns.
-	if len(custodyGroups) == 0 {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	// Get the custody columns from the groups.
-	columnsMap, err := peerdas.CustodyColumns(custodyGroups)
-	if err != nil {
-		return errors.Wrap(err, "custody columns")
-	}
-
-	// Subscribe to newsly data columns stored in the database.
-	rootIndexChan := make(chan filesystem.RootIndexPair)
-	subscription := s.blobStorage.DataColumnFeed.Subscribe(rootIndexChan)
-	defer subscription.Unsubscribe()
-
-	// Get the count of data columns we already have in the store.
-	retrievedDataColumns, err := s.blobStorage.ColumnIndices(root)
-	if err != nil {
-		return errors.Wrap(err, "column indices")
-	}
-
-	retrievedDataColumnsCount := uint64(len(retrievedDataColumns))
-
-	// As soon as we have more than half of the data columns, we can reconstruct the missing ones.
-	// We don't need to wait for the rest of the data columns to declare the block as available.
-	if peerdas.CanSelfReconstruct(retrievedDataColumnsCount) {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	// Get a map of data column indices that are not currently available.
-	missingMap, err := missingDataColumns(s.blobStorage, root, columnsMap)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	// If there are no missing indices, all data column sidecars are available.
-	// This is the happy path.
-	if len(missingMap) == 0 {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	// Log for DA checks that cross over into the next slot; helpful for debugging.
-	nextSlot := slots.BeginsAt(signed.Block().Slot()+1, s.genesisTime)
-	// Avoid logging if DA check is called after next slot start.
-	if nextSlot.After(time.Now()) {
-		nst := time.AfterFunc(time.Until(nextSlot), func() {
-			missingMapCount := uint64(len(missingMap))
-
-			if missingMapCount == 0 {
-				return
-			}
-
-			var (
-				expected interface{} = "all"
-				missing  interface{} = "all"
-			)
-
-			numberOfColumns := params.BeaconConfig().NumberOfColumns
-			colMapCount := uint64(len(columnsMap))
-
-			if colMapCount < numberOfColumns {
-				expected = uint64MapToSortedSlice(columnsMap)
-			}
-
-			if missingMapCount < numberOfColumns {
-				missing = uint64MapToSortedSlice(missingMap)
-			}
-
-			log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
-				"slot":            signed.Block().Slot(),
-				"root":            fmt.Sprintf("%#x", root),
-				"columnsExpected": expected,
-				"columnsWaiting":  missing,
-			}).Error("Some data columns are still unavailable at slot end")
-		})
-
-		defer nst.Stop()
-	}
-
-	for {
-		select {
-		case rootIndex := <-rootIndexChan:
-			if rootIndex.Root != root {
-				// This is not the root we are looking for.
-				continue
-			}
-
-			// This is a data column we are expecting.
-			if _, ok := missingMap[rootIndex.Index]; ok {
-				retrievedDataColumnsCount++
-			}
-
-			// As soon as we have more than half of the data columns, we can reconstruct the missing ones.
-			// We don't need to wait for the rest of the data columns to declare the block as available.
-			if peerdas.CanSelfReconstruct(retrievedDataColumnsCount) {
-				return nil
-			}
-
-			// Remove the index from the missing map.
-			delete(missingMap, rootIndex.Index)
-
-			// Exit if there is no more missing data columns.
-			if len(missingMap) == 0 {
-				return nil
-			}
-		case <-ctx.Done():
-			var missingIndices interface{} = "all"
-			numberOfColumns := params.BeaconConfig().NumberOfColumns
-			missingIndicesCount := uint64(len(missingMap))
-
-			if missingIndicesCount < numberOfColumns {
-				missingIndices = uint64MapToSortedSlice(missingMap)
-			}
-
-			return errors.Wrapf(ctx.Err(), "data column sidecars slot: %d, BlockRoot: %#x, missing %v", block.Slot(), root, missingIndices)
-		}
+func daCheckLogFields(root [32]byte, slot primitives.Slot, expected, missing int) logrus.Fields {
+	return logrus.Fields{
+		"slot":          slot,
+		"root":          fmt.Sprintf("%#x", root),
+		"blobsExpected": expected,
+		"blobsWaiting":  missing,
 	}
 }

@@ -898,7 +694,7 @@ func (s *Service) waitForSync() error {
 	}
 }

-func (s *Service) handleInvalidExecutionError(ctx context.Context, err error, blockRoot, parentRoot [32]byte) error {
+func (s *Service) handleInvalidExecutionError(ctx context.Context, err error, blockRoot [32]byte, parentRoot [32]byte) error {
 	if IsInvalidBlock(err) && InvalidBlockLVH(err) != [32]byte{} {
 		return s.pruneInvalidBlock(ctx, blockRoot, parentRoot, InvalidBlockLVH(err))
 	}
--- a/beacon-chain/blockchain/process_block_helpers.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/blockchain/process_block_helpers.go
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"time"

+	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/core/helpers"
 	lightclient "github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/core/light-client"

 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
@@ -552,7 +553,8 @@ func (s *Service) fillInForkChoiceMissingBlocks(ctx context.Context, signed inte

 // inserts finalized deposits into our finalized deposit trie, needs to be
 // called in the background
-func (s *Service) insertFinalizedDeposits(ctx context.Context, fRoot [32]byte) {
+// Post-Electra: prunes all proofs and pending deposits in the cache
+func (s *Service) insertFinalizedDepositsAndPrune(ctx context.Context, fRoot [32]byte) {
 	ctx, span := trace.StartSpan(ctx, "blockChain.insertFinalizedDeposits")
 	defer span.End()
 	startTime := time.Now()
@@ -563,6 +565,16 @@ func (s *Service) insertFinalizedDeposits(ctx context.Context, fRoot [32]byte) {
 		log.WithError(err).Error("could not fetch finalized state")
 		return
 	}
+
+	// Check if we should prune all pending deposits.
+	// In post-Electra(after the legacy deposit mechanism is deprecated),
+	// we can prune all pending deposits in the deposit cache.
+	// See: https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-6110#eth1data-poll-deprecation
+	if helpers.DepositRequestsStarted(finalizedState) {
+		s.pruneAllPendingDepositsAndProofs(ctx)
+		return
+	}
+
 	// We update the cache up to the last deposit index in the finalized block's state.
 	// We can be confident that these deposits will be included in some block
 	// because the Eth1 follow distance makes such long-range reorgs extremely unlikely.
@@ -591,6 +603,12 @@ func (s *Service) insertFinalizedDeposits(ctx context.Context, fRoot [32]byte) {
 	log.WithField("duration", time.Since(startTime).String()).Debugf("Finalized deposit insertion completed at index %d", finalizedEth1DepIdx)
 }

+// pruneAllPendingDepositsAndProofs prunes all proofs and pending deposits in the cache.
+func (s *Service) pruneAllPendingDepositsAndProofs(ctx context.Context) {
+	s.cfg.DepositCache.PruneAllPendingDeposits(ctx)
+	s.cfg.DepositCache.PruneAllProofs(ctx)
+}
+
 // This ensures that the input root defaults to using genesis root instead of zero hashes. This is needed for handling
 // fork choice justification routine.
 func (s *Service) ensureRootNotZeros(root [32]byte) [32]byte {
--- a/beacon-chain/blockchain/process_block_test.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/blockchain/process_block_test.go
@@ -723,7 +723,7 @@ func TestInsertFinalizedDeposits(t *testing.T) {
 			Signature:             zeroSig[:],
 		}, Proof: [][]byte{root}}, 100+i, int64(i), bytesutil.ToBytes32(root)))
 	}
-	service.insertFinalizedDeposits(ctx, [32]byte{'m', 'o', 'c', 'k'})
+	service.insertFinalizedDepositsAndPrune(ctx, [32]byte{'m', 'o', 'c', 'k'})
 	fDeposits, err := depositCache.FinalizedDeposits(ctx)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.Equal(t, 7, int(fDeposits.MerkleTrieIndex()), "Finalized deposits not inserted correctly")
@@ -759,7 +759,7 @@ func TestInsertFinalizedDeposits_PrunePendingDeposits(t *testing.T) {
 			Signature:             zeroSig[:],
 		}, Proof: [][]byte{root}}, 100+i, int64(i), bytesutil.ToBytes32(root))
 	}
-	service.insertFinalizedDeposits(ctx, [32]byte{'m', 'o', 'c', 'k'})
+	service.insertFinalizedDepositsAndPrune(ctx, [32]byte{'m', 'o', 'c', 'k'})
 	fDeposits, err := depositCache.FinalizedDeposits(ctx)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.Equal(t, 7, int(fDeposits.MerkleTrieIndex()), "Finalized deposits not inserted correctly")
@@ -799,7 +799,7 @@ func TestInsertFinalizedDeposits_MultipleFinalizedRoutines(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	// Insert 3 deposits before hand.
 	require.NoError(t, depositCache.InsertFinalizedDeposits(ctx, 2, [32]byte{}, 0))
-	service.insertFinalizedDeposits(ctx, [32]byte{'m', 'o', 'c', 'k'})
+	service.insertFinalizedDepositsAndPrune(ctx, [32]byte{'m', 'o', 'c', 'k'})
 	fDeposits, err := depositCache.FinalizedDeposits(ctx)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.Equal(t, 5, int(fDeposits.MerkleTrieIndex()), "Finalized deposits not inserted correctly")
@@ -810,7 +810,7 @@ func TestInsertFinalizedDeposits_MultipleFinalizedRoutines(t *testing.T) {
 	}

 	// Insert New Finalized State with higher deposit count.
-	service.insertFinalizedDeposits(ctx, [32]byte{'m', 'o', 'c', 'k', '2'})
+	service.insertFinalizedDepositsAndPrune(ctx, [32]byte{'m', 'o', 'c', 'k', '2'})
 	fDeposits, err = depositCache.FinalizedDeposits(ctx)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.Equal(t, 12, int(fDeposits.MerkleTrieIndex()), "Finalized deposits not inserted correctly")
@@ -1076,6 +1076,48 @@ func TestService_insertSlashingsToForkChoiceStore(t *testing.T) {
 	service.InsertSlashingsToForkChoiceStore(ctx, wb.Block().Body().AttesterSlashings())
 }

+func TestService_insertSlashingsToForkChoiceStoreElectra(t *testing.T) {
+	service, tr := minimalTestService(t)
+	ctx := tr.ctx
+
+	beaconState, privKeys := util.DeterministicGenesisStateElectra(t, 100)
+	att1 := util.HydrateIndexedAttestationElectra(&ethpb.IndexedAttestationElectra{
+		Data: &ethpb.AttestationData{
+			Source: &ethpb.Checkpoint{Epoch: 1},
+		},
+		AttestingIndices: []uint64{0, 1},
+	})
+	domain, err := signing.Domain(beaconState.Fork(), 0, params.BeaconConfig().DomainBeaconAttester, beaconState.GenesisValidatorsRoot())
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	signingRoot, err := signing.ComputeSigningRoot(att1.Data, domain)
+	assert.NoError(t, err, "Could not get signing root of beacon block header")
+	sig0 := privKeys[0].Sign(signingRoot[:])
+	sig1 := privKeys[1].Sign(signingRoot[:])
+	aggregateSig := bls.AggregateSignatures([]bls.Signature{sig0, sig1})
+	att1.Signature = aggregateSig.Marshal()
+
+	att2 := util.HydrateIndexedAttestationElectra(&ethpb.IndexedAttestationElectra{
+		AttestingIndices: []uint64{0, 1},
+	})
+	signingRoot, err = signing.ComputeSigningRoot(att2.Data, domain)
+	assert.NoError(t, err, "Could not get signing root of beacon block header")
+	sig0 = privKeys[0].Sign(signingRoot[:])
+	sig1 = privKeys[1].Sign(signingRoot[:])
+	aggregateSig = bls.AggregateSignatures([]bls.Signature{sig0, sig1})
+	att2.Signature = aggregateSig.Marshal()
+	slashings := []*ethpb.AttesterSlashingElectra{
+		{
+			Attestation_1: att1,
+			Attestation_2: att2,
+		},
+	}
+	b := util.NewBeaconBlockElectra()
+	b.Block.Body.AttesterSlashings = slashings
+	wb, err := consensusblocks.NewSignedBeaconBlock(b)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	service.InsertSlashingsToForkChoiceStore(ctx, wb.Block().Body().AttesterSlashings())
+}
+
 func TestOnBlock_ProcessBlocksParallel(t *testing.T) {
 	service, tr := minimalTestService(t)
 	ctx := tr.ctx
@@ -1997,7 +2039,7 @@ func TestNoViableHead_Reboot(t *testing.T) {
 	require.Equal(t, genesisRoot, bytesutil.ToBytes32(headRoot))
 	optimistic, err := service.IsOptimistic(ctx)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.Equal(t, false, optimistic)
+	require.Equal(t, true, optimistic)

 	// Check that the node's justified checkpoint does not agree with the
 	// last valid state's justified checkpoint
@@ -2255,7 +2297,7 @@ func TestMissingIndices(t *testing.T) {
 	for _, c := range cases {
 		bm, bs := filesystem.NewEphemeralBlobStorageWithMocker(t)
 		t.Run(c.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			require.NoError(t, bm.CreateFakeIndices(c.root, c.present...))
+			require.NoError(t, bm.CreateFakeIndices(c.root, 0, c.present...))
 			missing, err := missingIndices(bs, c.root, c.expected, 0)
 			if c.err != nil {
 				require.ErrorIs(t, err, c.err)
--- a/beacon-chain/blockchain/receive_block.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/blockchain/receive_block.go
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import (
 	"time"

 	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/core/electra"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/core/feed"
 	statefeed "github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/core/feed/state"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/core/helpers"
@@ -15,7 +16,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/das"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/slasher/types"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/state"
-	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/config/features"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/consensus-types/blocks"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/consensus-types/interfaces"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/consensus-types/primitives"
@@ -51,12 +51,6 @@ type BlobReceiver interface {
 	ReceiveBlob(context.Context, blocks.VerifiedROBlob) error
 }

-// DataColumnReceiver interface defines the methods of chain service for receiving new
-// data columns
-type DataColumnReceiver interface {
-	ReceiveDataColumn(blocks.VerifiedRODataColumn) error
-}
-
 // SlashingReceiver interface defines the methods of chain service for receiving validated slashing over the wire.
 type SlashingReceiver interface {
 	ReceiveAttesterSlashing(ctx context.Context, slashing ethpb.AttSlashing)
@@ -70,12 +64,16 @@ type SlashingReceiver interface {
 func (s *Service) ReceiveBlock(ctx context.Context, block interfaces.ReadOnlySignedBeaconBlock, blockRoot [32]byte, avs das.AvailabilityStore) error {
 	ctx, span := trace.StartSpan(ctx, "blockChain.ReceiveBlock")
 	defer span.End()
+
+	if blockRoot == badHoleskyRoot {
+		return errHoleskyForbiddenRoot
+	}
+
 	// Return early if the block has been synced
 	if s.InForkchoice(blockRoot) {
 		log.WithField("blockRoot", fmt.Sprintf("%#x", blockRoot)).Debug("Ignoring already synced block")
 		return nil
 	}
-
 	receivedTime := time.Now()
 	s.blockBeingSynced.set(blockRoot)
 	defer s.blockBeingSynced.unset(blockRoot)
@@ -84,7 +82,6 @@ func (s *Service) ReceiveBlock(ctx context.Context, block interfaces.ReadOnlySig
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-
 	preState, err := s.getBlockPreState(ctx, blockCopy.Block())
 	if err != nil {
 		return errors.Wrap(err, "could not get block's prestate")
@@ -100,12 +97,10 @@ func (s *Service) ReceiveBlock(ctx context.Context, block interfaces.ReadOnlySig
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-
 	daWaitedTime, err := s.handleDA(ctx, blockCopy, blockRoot, avs)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-
 	// Defragment the state before continuing block processing.
 	s.defragmentState(postState)

@@ -130,7 +125,7 @@ func (s *Service) ReceiveBlock(ctx context.Context, block interfaces.ReadOnlySig
 		return err
 	}
 	// If slasher is configured, forward the attestations in the block via an event feed for processing.
-	if features.Get().EnableSlasher {
+	if s.slasherEnabled {
 		go s.sendBlockAttestationsToSlasher(blockCopy, preState)
 	}

@@ -241,14 +236,12 @@ func (s *Service) handleDA(
 		if err != nil {
 			return 0, err
 		}
-
-		nodeID := s.cfg.P2P.NodeID()
-		if err := avs.IsDataAvailable(ctx, nodeID, s.CurrentSlot(), rob); err != nil {
+		if err := avs.IsDataAvailable(ctx, s.CurrentSlot(), rob); err != nil {
 			return 0, errors.Wrap(err, "could not validate blob data availability (AvailabilityStore.IsDataAvailable)")
 		}
 	} else {
 		if err := s.isDataAvailable(ctx, blockRoot, block); err != nil {
-			return 0, errors.Wrap(err, "is data available")
+			return 0, errors.Wrap(err, "could not validate blob data availability")
 		}
 	}
 	daWaitedTime := time.Since(daStartTime)
@@ -290,9 +283,10 @@ func (s *Service) executePostFinalizationTasks(ctx context.Context, finalizedSta
 	go func() {
 		s.sendNewFinalizedEvent(ctx, finalizedState)
 	}()
+
 	depCtx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), depositDeadline)
 	go func() {
-		s.insertFinalizedDeposits(depCtx, finalized.Root)
+		s.insertFinalizedDepositsAndPrune(depCtx, finalized.Root)
 		cancel()
 	}()
 }
@@ -480,6 +474,9 @@ func (s *Service) validateStateTransition(ctx context.Context, preState state.Be
 	stateTransitionStartTime := time.Now()
 	postState, err := transition.ExecuteStateTransition(ctx, preState, signed)
 	if err != nil {
+		if ctx.Err() != nil || electra.IsExecutionRequestError(err) {
+			return nil, err
+		}
 		return nil, invalidBlock{error: err}
 	}
 	stateTransitionProcessingTime.Observe(float64(time.Since(stateTransitionStartTime).Milliseconds()))
--- a/beacon-chain/blockchain/receive_block_test.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/blockchain/receive_block_test.go
@@ -455,41 +455,81 @@ func Test_executePostFinalizationTasks(t *testing.T) {
 		Root:  headRoot[:],
 	}))
 	require.NoError(t, headState.SetGenesisValidatorsRoot(params.BeaconConfig().ZeroHash[:]))
+	t.Run("pre deposit request", func(t *testing.T) {
+		require.NoError(t, headState.SetEth1DepositIndex(1))
+		s, tr := minimalTestService(t, WithFinalizedStateAtStartUp(headState))
+		ctx, beaconDB, stateGen := tr.ctx, tr.db, tr.sg

-	s, tr := minimalTestService(t, WithFinalizedStateAtStartUp(headState))
-	ctx, beaconDB, stateGen := tr.ctx, tr.db, tr.sg
+		require.NoError(t, beaconDB.SaveGenesisBlockRoot(ctx, genesisRoot))
+		util.SaveBlock(t, ctx, beaconDB, genesis)
+		require.NoError(t, beaconDB.SaveState(ctx, headState, headRoot))
+		require.NoError(t, beaconDB.SaveState(ctx, headState, genesisRoot))
+		util.SaveBlock(t, ctx, beaconDB, headBlock)
+		require.NoError(t, beaconDB.SaveFinalizedCheckpoint(ctx, &ethpb.Checkpoint{Epoch: slots.ToEpoch(finalizedSlot), Root: headRoot[:]}))

-	require.NoError(t, beaconDB.SaveGenesisBlockRoot(ctx, genesisRoot))
-	util.SaveBlock(t, ctx, beaconDB, genesis)
-	require.NoError(t, beaconDB.SaveState(ctx, headState, headRoot))
-	require.NoError(t, beaconDB.SaveState(ctx, headState, genesisRoot))
-	util.SaveBlock(t, ctx, beaconDB, headBlock)
-	require.NoError(t, beaconDB.SaveFinalizedCheckpoint(ctx, &ethpb.Checkpoint{Epoch: slots.ToEpoch(finalizedSlot), Root: headRoot[:]}))
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.NoError(t, stateGen.SaveState(ctx, headRoot, headState))
+		require.NoError(t, beaconDB.SaveLastValidatedCheckpoint(ctx, &ethpb.Checkpoint{Epoch: slots.ToEpoch(finalizedSlot), Root: headRoot[:]}))

-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.NoError(t, stateGen.SaveState(ctx, headRoot, headState))
-	require.NoError(t, beaconDB.SaveLastValidatedCheckpoint(ctx, &ethpb.Checkpoint{Epoch: slots.ToEpoch(finalizedSlot), Root: headRoot[:]}))
+		notifier := &blockchainTesting.MockStateNotifier{RecordEvents: true}
+		s.cfg.StateNotifier = notifier
+		s.executePostFinalizationTasks(s.ctx, headState)

-	notifier := &blockchainTesting.MockStateNotifier{RecordEvents: true}
-	s.cfg.StateNotifier = notifier
-	s.executePostFinalizationTasks(s.ctx, headState)
+		time.Sleep(1 * time.Second) // sleep for a second because event is in a separate go routine
+		require.Equal(t, 1, len(notifier.ReceivedEvents()))
+		e := notifier.ReceivedEvents()[0]
+		assert.Equal(t, statefeed.FinalizedCheckpoint, int(e.Type))
+		fc, ok := e.Data.(*ethpbv1.EventFinalizedCheckpoint)
+		require.Equal(t, true, ok, "event has wrong data type")
+		assert.Equal(t, primitives.Epoch(123), fc.Epoch)
+		assert.DeepEqual(t, headRoot[:], fc.Block)
+		assert.DeepEqual(t, finalizedStRoot[:], fc.State)
+		assert.Equal(t, false, fc.ExecutionOptimistic)

-	time.Sleep(1 * time.Second) // sleep for a second because event is in a separate go routine
-	require.Equal(t, 1, len(notifier.ReceivedEvents()))
-	e := notifier.ReceivedEvents()[0]
-	assert.Equal(t, statefeed.FinalizedCheckpoint, int(e.Type))
-	fc, ok := e.Data.(*ethpbv1.EventFinalizedCheckpoint)
-	require.Equal(t, true, ok, "event has wrong data type")
-	assert.Equal(t, primitives.Epoch(123), fc.Epoch)
-	assert.DeepEqual(t, headRoot[:], fc.Block)
-	assert.DeepEqual(t, finalizedStRoot[:], fc.State)
-	assert.Equal(t, false, fc.ExecutionOptimistic)
+		// check the cache
+		index, ok := headState.ValidatorIndexByPubkey(bytesutil.ToBytes48(key))
+		require.Equal(t, true, ok)
+		require.Equal(t, primitives.ValidatorIndex(0), index) // first index

-	// check the cache
-	index, ok := headState.ValidatorIndexByPubkey(bytesutil.ToBytes48(key))
-	require.Equal(t, true, ok)
-	require.Equal(t, primitives.ValidatorIndex(0), index) // first index
+		// check deposit
+		require.LogsContain(t, logHook, "Finalized deposit insertion completed at index")
+	})
+	t.Run("deposit requests started", func(t *testing.T) {
+		require.NoError(t, headState.SetEth1DepositIndex(1))
+		require.NoError(t, headState.SetDepositRequestsStartIndex(1))
+		s, tr := minimalTestService(t, WithFinalizedStateAtStartUp(headState))
+		ctx, beaconDB, stateGen := tr.ctx, tr.db, tr.sg
+
+		require.NoError(t, beaconDB.SaveGenesisBlockRoot(ctx, genesisRoot))
+		util.SaveBlock(t, ctx, beaconDB, genesis)
+		require.NoError(t, beaconDB.SaveState(ctx, headState, headRoot))
+		require.NoError(t, beaconDB.SaveState(ctx, headState, genesisRoot))
+		util.SaveBlock(t, ctx, beaconDB, headBlock)
+		require.NoError(t, beaconDB.SaveFinalizedCheckpoint(ctx, &ethpb.Checkpoint{Epoch: slots.ToEpoch(finalizedSlot), Root: headRoot[:]}))
+
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.NoError(t, stateGen.SaveState(ctx, headRoot, headState))
+		require.NoError(t, beaconDB.SaveLastValidatedCheckpoint(ctx, &ethpb.Checkpoint{Epoch: slots.ToEpoch(finalizedSlot), Root: headRoot[:]}))
+
+		notifier := &blockchainTesting.MockStateNotifier{RecordEvents: true}
+		s.cfg.StateNotifier = notifier
+		s.executePostFinalizationTasks(s.ctx, headState)
+
+		time.Sleep(1 * time.Second) // sleep for a second because event is in a separate go routine
+		require.Equal(t, 1, len(notifier.ReceivedEvents()))
+		e := notifier.ReceivedEvents()[0]
+		assert.Equal(t, statefeed.FinalizedCheckpoint, int(e.Type))
+		fc, ok := e.Data.(*ethpbv1.EventFinalizedCheckpoint)
+		require.Equal(t, true, ok, "event has wrong data type")
+		assert.Equal(t, primitives.Epoch(123), fc.Epoch)
+		assert.DeepEqual(t, headRoot[:], fc.Block)
+		assert.DeepEqual(t, finalizedStRoot[:], fc.State)
+		assert.Equal(t, false, fc.ExecutionOptimistic)
+
+		// check the cache
+		index, ok := headState.ValidatorIndexByPubkey(bytesutil.ToBytes48(key))
+		require.Equal(t, true, ok)
+		require.Equal(t, primitives.ValidatorIndex(0), index) // first index
+	})

-	// check deposit
-	require.LogsContain(t, logHook, "Finalized deposit insertion completed at index")
 }
--- a/beacon-chain/blockchain/receive_data_column.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/blockchain/receive_data_column.go
@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-package blockchain
-
-import (
-	"github.com/pkg/errors"
-	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/consensus-types/blocks"
-)
-
-func (s *Service) ReceiveDataColumn(ds blocks.VerifiedRODataColumn) error {
-	if err := s.blobStorage.SaveDataColumn(ds); err != nil {
-		return errors.Wrap(err, "save data column")
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
--- a/beacon-chain/blockchain/service.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/blockchain/service.go
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 package blockchain

 import (
-	"bytes"
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
 	"runtime"
@@ -23,7 +22,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/db/filesystem"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/execution"
 	f "github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/forkchoice"
-	forkchoicetypes "github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/forkchoice/types"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/operations/attestations"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/operations/blstoexec"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/operations/slashings"
@@ -32,8 +30,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/startup"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/state"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/state/stategen"
-	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/config/features"
-	fieldparams "github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/config/fieldparams"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/config/params"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/consensus-types/blocks"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/consensus-types/interfaces"
@@ -43,6 +39,7 @@ import (
 	ethpb "github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/proto/prysm/v1alpha1"
 	prysmTime "github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/time"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/time/slots"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )

 // Service represents a service that handles the internal
@@ -66,6 +63,7 @@ type Service struct {
 	blobNotifiers        *blobNotifierMap
 	blockBeingSynced     *currentlySyncingBlock
 	blobStorage          *filesystem.BlobStorage
+	slasherEnabled       bool
 }

 // config options for the service.
@@ -81,7 +79,7 @@ type config struct {
 	ExitPool                voluntaryexits.PoolManager
 	SlashingPool            slashings.PoolManager
 	BLSToExecPool           blstoexec.PoolManager
-	P2P                     p2p.Acceser
+	P2p                     p2p.Broadcaster
 	MaxRoutines             int
 	StateNotifier           statefeed.Notifier
 	ForkChoiceStore         f.ForkChoicer
@@ -106,26 +104,22 @@ var ErrMissingClockSetter = errors.New("blockchain Service initialized without a
 type blobNotifierMap struct {
 	sync.RWMutex
 	notifiers map[[32]byte]chan uint64
-	// TODO: Separate blobs from data columns
-	// seenIndex map[[32]byte][]bool
-	seenIndex map[[32]byte][fieldparams.NumberOfColumns]bool
+	seenIndex map[[32]byte][]bool
 }

 // notifyIndex notifies a blob by its index for a given root.
 // It uses internal maps to keep track of seen indices and notifier channels.
 func (bn *blobNotifierMap) notifyIndex(root [32]byte, idx uint64, slot primitives.Slot) {
-	// TODO: Separate blobs from data columns
-	// maxBlobsPerBlock := params.BeaconConfig().MaxBlobsPerBlock(slot)
-	// if idx >= uint64(maxBlobsPerBlock) {
-	// 	return
-	// }
+	maxBlobsPerBlock := params.BeaconConfig().MaxBlobsPerBlock(slot)
+	if idx >= uint64(maxBlobsPerBlock) {
+		return
+	}

 	bn.Lock()
 	seen := bn.seenIndex[root]
-	// TODO: Separate blobs from data columns
-	// if seen == nil {
-	// seen = make([]bool, maxBlobsPerBlock)
-	// }
+	if seen == nil {
+		seen = make([]bool, maxBlobsPerBlock)
+	}
 	if seen[idx] {
 		bn.Unlock()
 		return
@@ -136,9 +130,7 @@ func (bn *blobNotifierMap) notifyIndex(root [32]byte, idx uint64, slot primitive
 	// Retrieve or create the notifier channel for the given root.
 	c, ok := bn.notifiers[root]
 	if !ok {
-		// TODO: Separate blobs from data columns
-		// c = make(chan uint64, maxBlobsPerBlock)
-		c = make(chan uint64, fieldparams.NumberOfColumns)
+		c = make(chan uint64, maxBlobsPerBlock)
 		bn.notifiers[root] = c
 	}

@@ -148,15 +140,12 @@ func (bn *blobNotifierMap) notifyIndex(root [32]byte, idx uint64, slot primitive
 }

 func (bn *blobNotifierMap) forRoot(root [32]byte, slot primitives.Slot) chan uint64 {
-	// TODO: Separate blobs from data columns
-	// maxBlobsPerBlock := params.BeaconConfig().MaxBlobsPerBlock(slot)
+	maxBlobsPerBlock := params.BeaconConfig().MaxBlobsPerBlock(slot)
 	bn.Lock()
 	defer bn.Unlock()
 	c, ok := bn.notifiers[root]
 	if !ok {
-		// TODO: Separate blobs from data columns
-		// c = make(chan uint64, maxBlobsPerBlock)
-		c = make(chan uint64, fieldparams.NumberOfColumns)
+		c = make(chan uint64, maxBlobsPerBlock)
 		bn.notifiers[root] = c
 	}
 	return c
@@ -182,9 +171,7 @@ func NewService(ctx context.Context, opts ...Option) (*Service, error) {
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(ctx)
 	bn := &blobNotifierMap{
 		notifiers: make(map[[32]byte]chan uint64),
-		// TODO: Separate blobs from data columns
-		// seenIndex: make(map[[32]byte][]bool),
-		seenIndex: make(map[[32]byte][fieldparams.NumberOfColumns]bool),
+		seenIndex: make(map[[32]byte][]bool),
 	}
 	srv := &Service{
 		ctx:                  ctx,
@@ -281,69 +268,18 @@ func (s *Service) StartFromSavedState(saved state.BeaconState) error {
 		return err
 	}
 	s.originBlockRoot = originRoot
-
-	if err := s.initializeHeadFromDB(s.ctx); err != nil {
-		return errors.Wrap(err, "could not set up chain info")
+	st, err := s.cfg.StateGen.Resume(s.ctx, s.cfg.FinalizedStateAtStartUp)
+	if err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrap(err, "could not get finalized state from db")
 	}
 	spawnCountdownIfPreGenesis(s.ctx, s.genesisTime, s.cfg.BeaconDB)
-
-	justified, err := s.cfg.BeaconDB.JustifiedCheckpoint(s.ctx)
-	if err != nil {
-		return errors.Wrap(err, "could not get justified checkpoint")
-	}
-	if justified == nil {
-		return errNilJustifiedCheckpoint
-	}
-	finalized, err := s.cfg.BeaconDB.FinalizedCheckpoint(s.ctx)
-	if err != nil {
-		return errors.Wrap(err, "could not get finalized checkpoint")
-	}
-	if finalized == nil {
-		return errNilFinalizedCheckpoint
-	}
-
-	fRoot := s.ensureRootNotZeros(bytesutil.ToBytes32(finalized.Root))
-	s.cfg.ForkChoiceStore.Lock()
-	defer s.cfg.ForkChoiceStore.Unlock()
-	if err := s.cfg.ForkChoiceStore.UpdateJustifiedCheckpoint(s.ctx, &forkchoicetypes.Checkpoint{Epoch: justified.Epoch,
-		Root: bytesutil.ToBytes32(justified.Root)}); err != nil {
-		return errors.Wrap(err, "could not update forkchoice's justified checkpoint")
-	}
-	if err := s.cfg.ForkChoiceStore.UpdateFinalizedCheckpoint(&forkchoicetypes.Checkpoint{Epoch: finalized.Epoch,
-		Root: bytesutil.ToBytes32(finalized.Root)}); err != nil {
-		return errors.Wrap(err, "could not update forkchoice's finalized checkpoint")
-	}
-	s.cfg.ForkChoiceStore.SetGenesisTime(uint64(s.genesisTime.Unix()))
-
-	st, err := s.cfg.StateGen.StateByRoot(s.ctx, fRoot)
-	if err != nil {
-		return errors.Wrap(err, "could not get finalized checkpoint state")
-	}
-	finalizedBlock, err := s.cfg.BeaconDB.Block(s.ctx, fRoot)
-	if err != nil {
-		return errors.Wrap(err, "could not get finalized checkpoint block")
-	}
-	roblock, err := blocks.NewROBlockWithRoot(finalizedBlock, fRoot)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	if err := s.cfg.ForkChoiceStore.InsertNode(s.ctx, st, roblock); err != nil {
-		return errors.Wrap(err, "could not insert finalized block to forkchoice")
-	}
-	if !features.Get().EnableStartOptimistic {
-		lastValidatedCheckpoint, err := s.cfg.BeaconDB.LastValidatedCheckpoint(s.ctx)
-		if err != nil {
-			return errors.Wrap(err, "could not get last validated checkpoint")
-		}
-		if bytes.Equal(finalized.Root, lastValidatedCheckpoint.Root) {
-			if err := s.cfg.ForkChoiceStore.SetOptimisticToValid(s.ctx, fRoot); err != nil {
-				return errors.Wrap(err, "could not set finalized block as validated")
-			}
-		}
+	if err := s.setupForkchoice(st); err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrap(err, "could not set up forkchoice")
 	}
 	// not attempting to save initial sync blocks here, because there shouldn't be any until
 	// after the statefeed.Initialized event is fired (below)
-	if err := s.wsVerifier.VerifyWeakSubjectivity(s.ctx, finalized.Epoch); err != nil {
+	cp := s.FinalizedCheckpt()
+	if err := s.wsVerifier.VerifyWeakSubjectivity(s.ctx, cp.Epoch); err != nil {
 		// Exit run time if the node failed to verify weak subjectivity checkpoint.
 		return errors.Wrap(err, "could not verify initial checkpoint provided for chain sync")
 	}
@@ -352,7 +288,6 @@ func (s *Service) StartFromSavedState(saved state.BeaconState) error {
 	if err := s.clockSetter.SetClock(startup.NewClock(s.genesisTime, vr)); err != nil {
 		return errors.Wrap(err, "failed to initialize blockchain service")
 	}
-
 	return nil
 }

@@ -382,46 +317,40 @@ func (s *Service) originRootFromSavedState(ctx context.Context) ([32]byte, error
 	return genesisBlkRoot, nil
 }

-// initializeHeadFromDB uses the finalized checkpoint and head block found in the database to set the current head.
+// initializeHeadFromDB uses the finalized checkpoint and head block root from forkchoice to set the current head.
 // Note that this may block until stategen replays blocks between the finalized and head blocks
 // if the head sync flag was specified and the gap between the finalized and head blocks is at least 128 epochs long.
-func (s *Service) initializeHeadFromDB(ctx context.Context) error {
-	finalized, err := s.cfg.BeaconDB.FinalizedCheckpoint(ctx)
-	if err != nil {
-		return errors.Wrap(err, "could not get finalized checkpoint from db")
-	}
-	if finalized == nil {
-		// This should never happen. At chain start, the finalized checkpoint
-		// would be the genesis state and block.
-		return errors.New("no finalized epoch in the database")
-	}
-	finalizedRoot := s.ensureRootNotZeros(bytesutil.ToBytes32(finalized.Root))
-	var finalizedState state.BeaconState
-
-	finalizedState, err = s.cfg.StateGen.Resume(ctx, s.cfg.FinalizedStateAtStartUp)
-	if err != nil {
-		return errors.Wrap(err, "could not get finalized state from db")
-	}
-
-	if finalizedState == nil || finalizedState.IsNil() {
+func (s *Service) initializeHead(ctx context.Context, st state.BeaconState) error {
+	cp := s.FinalizedCheckpt()
+	fRoot := s.ensureRootNotZeros([32]byte(cp.Root))
+	if st == nil || st.IsNil() {
 		return errors.New("finalized state can't be nil")
 	}

-	finalizedBlock, err := s.getBlock(ctx, finalizedRoot)
+	s.cfg.ForkChoiceStore.RLock()
+	root := s.cfg.ForkChoiceStore.HighestReceivedBlockRoot()
+	s.cfg.ForkChoiceStore.RUnlock()
+	blk, err := s.cfg.BeaconDB.Block(ctx, root)
 	if err != nil {
-		return errors.Wrap(err, "could not get finalized block")
+		return errors.Wrap(err, "could not get head block")
 	}
-	if err := s.setHead(&head{
-		finalizedRoot,
-		finalizedBlock,
-		finalizedState,
-		finalizedBlock.Block().Slot(),
+	if root != fRoot {
+		st, err = s.cfg.StateGen.StateByRoot(ctx, root)
+		if err != nil {
+			return errors.Wrap(err, "could not get head state")
+		}
+	}
+	log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
+		"root": fmt.Sprintf("%#x", root),
+		"slot": blk.Block().Slot(),
+	}).Info("Initialized head block from DB")
+	return errors.Wrap(s.setHead(&head{
+		root,
+		blk,
+		st,
+		blk.Block().Slot(),
 		false,
-	}); err != nil {
-		return errors.Wrap(err, "could not set head")
-	}
-
-	return nil
+	}), "could not set head")
 }

 func (s *Service) startFromExecutionChain() error {
--- a/beacon-chain/blockchain/service_test.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/blockchain/service_test.go
@@ -97,14 +97,13 @@ func setupBeaconChain(t *testing.T, beaconDB db.Database) *Service {
 		WithAttestationPool(attestations.NewPool()),
 		WithSlashingPool(slashings.NewPool()),
 		WithExitPool(voluntaryexits.NewPool()),
-		WithP2PBroadcaster(&mockAccesser{}),
+		WithP2PBroadcaster(&mockBroadcaster{}),
 		WithStateNotifier(&mockBeaconNode{}),
 		WithForkChoiceStore(fc),
 		WithAttestationService(attService),
 		WithStateGen(stateGen),
 		WithPayloadIDCache(cache.NewPayloadIDCache()),
 		WithClockSynchronizer(startup.NewClockSynchronizer()),
-		WithP2PBroadcaster(&mockAccesser{}),
 	}

 	chainService, err := NewService(ctx, opts...)
@@ -588,9 +587,7 @@ func (s *MockClockSetter) SetClock(g *startup.Clock) error {
 func TestNotifyIndex(t *testing.T) {
 	// Initialize a blobNotifierMap
 	bn := &blobNotifierMap{
-		// TODO: Separate blobs from data columns
-		// seenIndex: make(map[[32]byte][]bool),
-		seenIndex: make(map[[32]byte][fieldparams.NumberOfColumns]bool),
+		seenIndex: make(map[[32]byte][]bool),
 		notifiers: make(map[[32]byte]chan uint64),
 	}

--- a/beacon-chain/blockchain/setup_forchoice.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/blockchain/setup_forchoice.go
@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+package blockchain
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	forkchoicetypes "github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/forkchoice/types"
+	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/state"
+	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/config/features"
+	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/consensus-types/blocks"
+	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/consensus-types/interfaces"
+	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/encoding/bytesutil"
+	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/time/slots"
+)
+
+func (s *Service) setupForkchoice(st state.BeaconState) error {
+	if err := s.setupForkchoiceCheckpoints(); err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrap(err, "could not set up forkchoice checkpoints")
+	}
+	if err := s.setupForkchoiceTree(st); err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrap(err, "could not set up forkchoice root")
+	}
+	if err := s.initializeHead(s.ctx, st); err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrap(err, "could not initialize head from db")
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *Service) startupHeadRoot() [32]byte {
+	headStr := features.Get().ForceHead
+	cp := s.FinalizedCheckpt()
+	fRoot := s.ensureRootNotZeros([32]byte(cp.Root))
+	if headStr == "" {
+		return fRoot
+	}
+	if headStr == "head" {
+		root, err := s.cfg.BeaconDB.HeadBlockRoot()
+		if err != nil {
+			log.WithError(err).Error("could not get head block root, starting with finalized block as head")
+			return fRoot
+		}
+		log.Infof("Using Head root of %#x", root)
+		return root
+	}
+	root, err := bytesutil.DecodeHexWithLength(headStr, 32)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.WithError(err).Error("could not parse head root, starting with finalized block as head")
+		return fRoot
+	}
+	return [32]byte(root)
+}
+
+func (s *Service) setupForkchoiceTree(st state.BeaconState) error {
+	headRoot := s.startupHeadRoot()
+	cp := s.FinalizedCheckpt()
+	fRoot := s.ensureRootNotZeros([32]byte(cp.Root))
+	if err := s.setupForkchoiceRoot(st); err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrap(err, "could not set up forkchoice root")
+	}
+	fBlk, err := s.cfg.BeaconDB.Block(s.ctx, fRoot)
+	if err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrap(err, "could not get finalized block")
+	}
+	if err := s.setHead(&head{
+		fRoot,
+		fBlk,
+		st,
+		fBlk.Block().Slot(),
+		false,
+	}); err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrap(err, "could not set head")
+	}
+
+	if headRoot == fRoot {
+		return nil
+	}
+	blk, err := s.cfg.BeaconDB.Block(s.ctx, headRoot)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.WithError(err).Error("could not get head block, starting with finalized block as head")
+		return nil
+	}
+	if slots.ToEpoch(blk.Block().Slot()) < cp.Epoch {
+		log.WithField("headRoot", fmt.Sprintf("%#x", headRoot)).Error("head block is older than finalized block, starting with finalized block as head")
+		return nil
+	}
+	chain, err := s.buildForkchoiceChain(s.ctx, blk)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.WithError(err).Error("could not build forkchoice chain, starting with finalized block as head")
+		return nil
+	}
+	s.cfg.ForkChoiceStore.Lock()
+	defer s.cfg.ForkChoiceStore.Unlock()
+	return s.cfg.ForkChoiceStore.InsertChain(s.ctx, chain)
+}
+
+func (s *Service) buildForkchoiceChain(ctx context.Context, head interfaces.ReadOnlySignedBeaconBlock) ([]*forkchoicetypes.BlockAndCheckpoints, error) {
+	chain := []*forkchoicetypes.BlockAndCheckpoints{}
+	cp := s.FinalizedCheckpt()
+	fRoot := s.ensureRootNotZeros([32]byte(cp.Root))
+	jp := s.CurrentJustifiedCheckpt()
+	root, err := head.Block().HashTreeRoot()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "could not get head block root")
+	}
+	for {
+		roblock, err := blocks.NewROBlockWithRoot(head, root)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		// This chain sets the justified checkpoint for every block, including some that are older than jp.
+		// This should be however safe for forkchoice at startup.
+		chain = append(chain, &forkchoicetypes.BlockAndCheckpoints{Block: roblock, JustifiedCheckpoint: jp, FinalizedCheckpoint: cp})
+		root = head.Block().ParentRoot()
+		if root == fRoot {
+			break
+		}
+		head, err = s.cfg.BeaconDB.Block(s.ctx, root)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "could not get block")
+		}
+		if slots.ToEpoch(head.Block().Slot()) < cp.Epoch {
+			return nil, errors.New("head block is not a descendant of the finalized checkpoint")
+		}
+	}
+	return chain, nil
+}
+
+func (s *Service) setupForkchoiceRoot(st state.BeaconState) error {
+	cp := s.FinalizedCheckpt()
+	fRoot := s.ensureRootNotZeros([32]byte(cp.Root))
+	finalizedBlock, err := s.cfg.BeaconDB.Block(s.ctx, fRoot)
+	if err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrap(err, "could not get finalized checkpoint block")
+	}
+	roblock, err := blocks.NewROBlockWithRoot(finalizedBlock, fRoot)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := s.cfg.ForkChoiceStore.InsertNode(s.ctx, st, roblock); err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrap(err, "could not insert finalized block to forkchoice")
+	}
+	if !features.Get().EnableStartOptimistic {
+		lastValidatedCheckpoint, err := s.cfg.BeaconDB.LastValidatedCheckpoint(s.ctx)
+		if err != nil {
+			return errors.Wrap(err, "could not get last validated checkpoint")
+		}
+		if bytes.Equal(fRoot[:], lastValidatedCheckpoint.Root) {
+			if err := s.cfg.ForkChoiceStore.SetOptimisticToValid(s.ctx, fRoot); err != nil {
+				return errors.Wrap(err, "could not set finalized block as validated")
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *Service) setupForkchoiceCheckpoints() error {
+	justified, err := s.cfg.BeaconDB.JustifiedCheckpoint(s.ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrap(err, "could not get justified checkpoint")
+	}
+	if justified == nil {
+		return errNilJustifiedCheckpoint
+	}
+	finalized, err := s.cfg.BeaconDB.FinalizedCheckpoint(s.ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrap(err, "could not get finalized checkpoint")
+	}
+	if finalized == nil {
+		return errNilFinalizedCheckpoint
+	}
+
+	fRoot := s.ensureRootNotZeros(bytesutil.ToBytes32(finalized.Root))
+	s.cfg.ForkChoiceStore.Lock()
+	defer s.cfg.ForkChoiceStore.Unlock()
+	if err := s.cfg.ForkChoiceStore.UpdateJustifiedCheckpoint(s.ctx, &forkchoicetypes.Checkpoint{Epoch: justified.Epoch,
+		Root: bytesutil.ToBytes32(justified.Root)}); err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrap(err, "could not update forkchoice's justified checkpoint")
+	}
+	if err := s.cfg.ForkChoiceStore.UpdateFinalizedCheckpoint(&forkchoicetypes.Checkpoint{Epoch: finalized.Epoch,
+		Root: fRoot}); err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrap(err, "could not update forkchoice's finalized checkpoint")
+	}
+	s.cfg.ForkChoiceStore.SetGenesisTime(uint64(s.genesisTime.Unix()))
+	return nil
+}
--- a/beacon-chain/blockchain/setup_test.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/blockchain/setup_test.go
@@ -19,10 +19,8 @@ import (
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/operations/attestations"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/operations/blstoexec"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/p2p"
-	p2pTesting "github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/p2p/testing"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/startup"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/state/stategen"
-	fieldparams "github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/config/fieldparams"
 	ethpb "github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/proto/prysm/v1alpha1"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/testing/require"
 	"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
@@ -47,11 +45,6 @@ type mockBroadcaster struct {
 	broadcastCalled bool
 }

-type mockAccesser struct {
-	mockBroadcaster
-	p2pTesting.MockPeerManager
-}
-
 func (mb *mockBroadcaster) Broadcast(_ context.Context, _ proto.Message) error {
 	mb.broadcastCalled = true
 	return nil
@@ -72,11 +65,6 @@ func (mb *mockBroadcaster) BroadcastBlob(_ context.Context, _ uint64, _ *ethpb.B
 	return nil
 }

-func (mb *mockBroadcaster) BroadcastDataColumn(_ context.Context, _ [fieldparams.RootLength]byte, _ uint64, _ *ethpb.DataColumnSidecar) error {
-	mb.broadcastCalled = true
-	return nil
-}
-
 func (mb *mockBroadcaster) BroadcastBLSChanges(_ context.Context, _ []*ethpb.SignedBLSToExecutionChange) {
 }

@@ -134,7 +122,6 @@ func minimalTestService(t *testing.T, opts ...Option) (*Service, *testServiceReq
 		WithBlobStorage(filesystem.NewEphemeralBlobStorage(t)),
 		WithSyncChecker(mock.MockChecker{}),
 		WithExecutionEngineCaller(&mockExecution.EngineClient{}),
-		WithP2PBroadcaster(&mockAccesser{}),
 	}
 	// append the variadic opts so they override the defaults by being processed afterwards
 	opts = append(defOpts, opts...)
--- a/beacon-chain/blockchain/testing/mock.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/blockchain/testing/mock.go
@@ -702,11 +702,6 @@ func (c *ChainService) ReceiveBlob(_ context.Context, b blocks.VerifiedROBlob) e
 	return nil
 }

-// ReceiveDataColumn implements the same method in chain service
-func (*ChainService) ReceiveDataColumn(_ blocks.VerifiedRODataColumn) error {
-	return nil
-}
-
 // TargetRootForEpoch mocks the same method in the chain service
 func (c *ChainService) TargetRootForEpoch(_ [32]byte, _ primitives.Epoch) ([32]byte, error) {
 	return c.TargetRoot, nil
--- a/beacon-chain/builder/testing/mock.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/builder/testing/mock.go
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ type MockBuilderService struct {
 	Bid                   *ethpb.SignedBuilderBid
 	BidCapella            *ethpb.SignedBuilderBidCapella
 	BidDeneb              *ethpb.SignedBuilderBidDeneb
+	BidElectra            *ethpb.SignedBuilderBidElectra
 	RegistrationCache     *cache.RegistrationCache
 	ErrGetHeader          error
 	ErrRegisterValidator  error
@@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ func (s *MockBuilderService) SubmitBlindedBlock(_ context.Context, b interfaces.
 			return nil, nil, errors.Wrap(err, "could not wrap capella payload")
 		}
 		return w, nil, s.ErrSubmitBlindedBlock
-	case version.Deneb:
+	case version.Deneb, version.Electra:
 		w, err := blocks.WrappedExecutionPayloadDeneb(s.PayloadDeneb)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, nil, errors.Wrap(err, "could not wrap deneb payload")
@@ -72,6 +73,9 @@ func (s *MockBuilderService) SubmitBlindedBlock(_ context.Context, b interfaces.

 // GetHeader for mocking.
 func (s *MockBuilderService) GetHeader(_ context.Context, slot primitives.Slot, _ [32]byte, _ [48]byte) (builder.SignedBid, error) {
+	if slots.ToEpoch(slot) >= params.BeaconConfig().ElectraForkEpoch || s.BidElectra != nil {
+		return builder.WrappedSignedBuilderBidElectra(s.BidElectra)
+	}
 	if slots.ToEpoch(slot) >= params.BeaconConfig().DenebForkEpoch || s.BidDeneb != nil {
 		return builder.WrappedSignedBuilderBidDeneb(s.BidDeneb)
 	}
--- a/beacon-chain/cache/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/beacon-chain/cache/BUILD.bazel
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ go_library(
        "attestation_data.go",
        "balance_cache_key.go",
        "checkpoint_state.go",
-        "column_subnet_ids.go",
        "committee.go",
        "committee_disabled.go",  # keep
        "committees.go",
@@ -85,6 +84,7 @@ go_test(
        "sync_committee_head_state_test.go",
        "sync_committee_test.go",
        "sync_subnet_ids_test.go",
+        "tracked_validators_test.go",
    ],
    embed = [":go_default_library"],
    deps = [
--- a/beacon-chain/cache/cache_test.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/cache/cache_test.go
@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 package cache

 import (
+	"os"
 	"testing"
 )

 func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
-	m.Run()
+	os.Exit(m.Run())
 }
--- a/beacon-chain/cache/column_subnet_ids.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/cache/column_subnet_ids.go
@@ -1,70 +0,0 @@
-package cache
-
-import (
-	"sync"
-	"time"
-
-	"github.com/patrickmn/go-cache"
-	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/config/params"
-)
-
-type columnSubnetIDs struct {
-	colSubCache *cache.Cache
-	colSubLock  sync.RWMutex
-}
-
-// ColumnSubnetIDs for column subnet participants
-var ColumnSubnetIDs = newColumnSubnetIDs()
-
-const columnKey = "columns"
-
-func newColumnSubnetIDs() *columnSubnetIDs {
-	secondsPerSlot := params.BeaconConfig().SecondsPerSlot
-	slotsPerEpoch := params.BeaconConfig().SlotsPerEpoch
-	epochDuration := time.Duration(slotsPerEpoch.Mul(secondsPerSlot))
-
-	// Set the default duration of a column subnet subscription as the column expiry period.
-	minEpochsForDataColumnSidecarsRequest := time.Duration(params.BeaconConfig().MinEpochsForDataColumnSidecarsRequest)
-	subLength := epochDuration * minEpochsForDataColumnSidecarsRequest
-
-	persistentCache := cache.New(subLength*time.Second, epochDuration*time.Second)
-	return &columnSubnetIDs{colSubCache: persistentCache}
-}
-
-// GetColumnSubnets retrieves the data column subnets.
-func (s *columnSubnetIDs) GetColumnSubnets() ([]uint64, bool, time.Time) {
-	s.colSubLock.RLock()
-	defer s.colSubLock.RUnlock()
-
-	id, duration, ok := s.colSubCache.GetWithExpiration(columnKey)
-	if !ok {
-		return nil, false, time.Time{}
-	}
-	// Retrieve indices from the cache.
-	idxs, ok := id.([]uint64)
-	if !ok {
-		return nil, false, time.Time{}
-	}
-
-	return idxs, ok, duration
-}
-
-// AddColumnSubnets adds the relevant data column subnets.
-func (s *columnSubnetIDs) AddColumnSubnets(colIdx []uint64) {
-	s.colSubLock.Lock()
-	defer s.colSubLock.Unlock()
-
-	s.colSubCache.Set(columnKey, colIdx, 0)
-}
-
-// EmptyAllCaches empties out all the related caches and flushes any stored
-// entries on them. This should only ever be used for testing, in normal
-// production, handling of the relevant subnets for each role is done
-// separately.
-func (s *columnSubnetIDs) EmptyAllCaches() {
-	// Clear the cache.
-	s.colSubLock.Lock()
-	defer s.colSubLock.Unlock()
-
-	s.colSubCache.Flush()
-}
--- a/beacon-chain/cache/depositsnapshot/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/beacon-chain/cache/depositsnapshot/BUILD.bazel
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ go_library(
    srcs = [
        "deposit_fetcher.go",
        "deposit_inserter.go",
+        "deposit_pruner.go",
        "deposit_tree.go",
        "deposit_tree_snapshot.go",
        "merkle_tree.go",
@@ -35,6 +36,7 @@ go_test(
    srcs = [
        "deposit_cache_test.go",
        "deposit_fetcher_test.go",
+        "deposit_pruner_test.go",
        "deposit_tree_snapshot_test.go",
        "merkle_tree_test.go",
        "spec_test.go",
--- a/beacon-chain/cache/depositsnapshot/deposit_cache_test.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/cache/depositsnapshot/deposit_cache_test.go
@@ -903,189 +903,6 @@ func TestMin(t *testing.T) {

 }

-func TestPruneProofs_Ok(t *testing.T) {
-	dc, err := New()
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-
-	deposits := []struct {
-		blkNum  uint64
-		deposit *ethpb.Deposit
-		index   int64
-	}{
-		{
-			blkNum: 0,
-			deposit: &ethpb.Deposit{Proof: makeDepositProof(),
-				Data: &ethpb.Deposit_Data{PublicKey: bytesutil.PadTo([]byte("pk0"), 48)}},
-			index: 0,
-		},
-		{
-			blkNum: 0,
-			deposit: &ethpb.Deposit{Proof: makeDepositProof(),
-				Data: &ethpb.Deposit_Data{PublicKey: bytesutil.PadTo([]byte("pk1"), 48)}},
-			index: 1,
-		},
-		{
-			blkNum: 0,
-			deposit: &ethpb.Deposit{Proof: makeDepositProof(),
-				Data: &ethpb.Deposit_Data{PublicKey: bytesutil.PadTo([]byte("pk2"), 48)}},
-			index: 2,
-		},
-		{
-			blkNum: 0,
-			deposit: &ethpb.Deposit{Proof: makeDepositProof(),
-				Data: &ethpb.Deposit_Data{PublicKey: bytesutil.PadTo([]byte("pk3"), 48)}},
-			index: 3,
-		},
-	}
-
-	for _, ins := range deposits {
-		assert.NoError(t, dc.InsertDeposit(context.Background(), ins.deposit, ins.blkNum, ins.index, [32]byte{}))
-	}
-
-	require.NoError(t, dc.PruneProofs(context.Background(), 1))
-
-	assert.DeepEqual(t, [][]byte(nil), dc.deposits[0].Deposit.Proof)
-	assert.DeepEqual(t, [][]byte(nil), dc.deposits[1].Deposit.Proof)
-	assert.NotNil(t, dc.deposits[2].Deposit.Proof)
-	assert.NotNil(t, dc.deposits[3].Deposit.Proof)
-}
-
-func TestPruneProofs_SomeAlreadyPruned(t *testing.T) {
-	dc, err := New()
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-
-	deposits := []struct {
-		blkNum  uint64
-		deposit *ethpb.Deposit
-		index   int64
-	}{
-		{
-			blkNum: 0,
-			deposit: &ethpb.Deposit{Proof: nil, Data: &ethpb.Deposit_Data{
-				PublicKey: bytesutil.PadTo([]byte("pk0"), 48)}},
-			index: 0,
-		},
-		{
-			blkNum: 0,
-			deposit: &ethpb.Deposit{Proof: nil, Data: &ethpb.Deposit_Data{
-				PublicKey: bytesutil.PadTo([]byte("pk1"), 48)}}, index: 1,
-		},
-		{
-			blkNum:  0,
-			deposit: &ethpb.Deposit{Proof: makeDepositProof(), Data: &ethpb.Deposit_Data{PublicKey: bytesutil.PadTo([]byte("pk2"), 48)}},
-			index:   2,
-		},
-		{
-			blkNum: 0,
-			deposit: &ethpb.Deposit{Proof: makeDepositProof(),
-				Data: &ethpb.Deposit_Data{PublicKey: bytesutil.PadTo([]byte("pk3"), 48)}},
-			index: 3,
-		},
-	}
-
-	for _, ins := range deposits {
-		assert.NoError(t, dc.InsertDeposit(context.Background(), ins.deposit, ins.blkNum, ins.index, [32]byte{}))
-	}
-
-	require.NoError(t, dc.PruneProofs(context.Background(), 2))
-
-	assert.DeepEqual(t, [][]byte(nil), dc.deposits[2].Deposit.Proof)
-}
-
-func TestPruneProofs_PruneAllWhenDepositIndexTooBig(t *testing.T) {
-	dc, err := New()
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-
-	deposits := []struct {
-		blkNum  uint64
-		deposit *ethpb.Deposit
-		index   int64
-	}{
-		{
-			blkNum: 0,
-			deposit: &ethpb.Deposit{Proof: makeDepositProof(),
-				Data: &ethpb.Deposit_Data{PublicKey: bytesutil.PadTo([]byte("pk0"), 48)}},
-			index: 0,
-		},
-		{
-			blkNum: 0,
-			deposit: &ethpb.Deposit{Proof: makeDepositProof(),
-				Data: &ethpb.Deposit_Data{PublicKey: bytesutil.PadTo([]byte("pk1"), 48)}},
-			index: 1,
-		},
-		{
-			blkNum: 0,
-			deposit: &ethpb.Deposit{Proof: makeDepositProof(),
-				Data: &ethpb.Deposit_Data{PublicKey: bytesutil.PadTo([]byte("pk2"), 48)}},
-			index: 2,
-		},
-		{
-			blkNum: 0,
-			deposit: &ethpb.Deposit{Proof: makeDepositProof(),
-				Data: &ethpb.Deposit_Data{PublicKey: bytesutil.PadTo([]byte("pk3"), 48)}},
-			index: 3,
-		},
-	}
-
-	for _, ins := range deposits {
-		assert.NoError(t, dc.InsertDeposit(context.Background(), ins.deposit, ins.blkNum, ins.index, [32]byte{}))
-	}
-
-	require.NoError(t, dc.PruneProofs(context.Background(), 99))
-
-	assert.DeepEqual(t, [][]byte(nil), dc.deposits[0].Deposit.Proof)
-	assert.DeepEqual(t, [][]byte(nil), dc.deposits[1].Deposit.Proof)
-	assert.DeepEqual(t, [][]byte(nil), dc.deposits[2].Deposit.Proof)
-	assert.DeepEqual(t, [][]byte(nil), dc.deposits[3].Deposit.Proof)
-}
-
-func TestPruneProofs_CorrectlyHandleLastIndex(t *testing.T) {
-	dc, err := New()
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-
-	deposits := []struct {
-		blkNum  uint64
-		deposit *ethpb.Deposit
-		index   int64
-	}{
-		{
-			blkNum: 0,
-			deposit: &ethpb.Deposit{Proof: makeDepositProof(),
-				Data: &ethpb.Deposit_Data{PublicKey: bytesutil.PadTo([]byte("pk0"), 48)}},
-			index: 0,
-		},
-		{
-			blkNum: 0,
-			deposit: &ethpb.Deposit{Proof: makeDepositProof(),
-				Data: &ethpb.Deposit_Data{PublicKey: bytesutil.PadTo([]byte("pk1"), 48)}},
-			index: 1,
-		},
-		{
-			blkNum: 0,
-			deposit: &ethpb.Deposit{Proof: makeDepositProof(),
-				Data: &ethpb.Deposit_Data{PublicKey: bytesutil.PadTo([]byte("pk2"), 48)}},
-			index: 2,
-		},
-		{
-			blkNum: 0,
-			deposit: &ethpb.Deposit{Proof: makeDepositProof(),
-				Data: &ethpb.Deposit_Data{PublicKey: bytesutil.PadTo([]byte("pk3"), 48)}},
-			index: 3,
-		},
-	}
-
-	for _, ins := range deposits {
-		assert.NoError(t, dc.InsertDeposit(context.Background(), ins.deposit, ins.blkNum, ins.index, [32]byte{}))
-	}
-
-	require.NoError(t, dc.PruneProofs(context.Background(), 4))
-
-	assert.DeepEqual(t, [][]byte(nil), dc.deposits[0].Deposit.Proof)
-	assert.DeepEqual(t, [][]byte(nil), dc.deposits[1].Deposit.Proof)
-	assert.DeepEqual(t, [][]byte(nil), dc.deposits[2].Deposit.Proof)
-	assert.DeepEqual(t, [][]byte(nil), dc.deposits[3].Deposit.Proof)
-}
-
 func TestDepositMap_WorksCorrectly(t *testing.T) {
 	dc, err := New()
 	require.NoError(t, err)
--- a/beacon-chain/cache/depositsnapshot/deposit_fetcher.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/cache/depositsnapshot/deposit_fetcher.go
@@ -178,52 +178,6 @@ func (c *Cache) NonFinalizedDeposits(ctx context.Context, lastFinalizedIndex int
 	return deposits
 }

-// PruneProofs removes proofs from all deposits whose index is equal or less than untilDepositIndex.
-func (c *Cache) PruneProofs(ctx context.Context, untilDepositIndex int64) error {
-	_, span := trace.StartSpan(ctx, "Cache.PruneProofs")
-	defer span.End()
-	c.depositsLock.Lock()
-	defer c.depositsLock.Unlock()
-
-	if untilDepositIndex >= int64(len(c.deposits)) {
-		untilDepositIndex = int64(len(c.deposits) - 1)
-	}
-
-	for i := untilDepositIndex; i >= 0; i-- {
-		// Finding a nil proof means that all proofs up to this deposit have been already pruned.
-		if c.deposits[i].Deposit.Proof == nil {
-			break
-		}
-		c.deposits[i].Deposit.Proof = nil
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// PrunePendingDeposits removes any deposit which is older than the given deposit merkle tree index.
-func (c *Cache) PrunePendingDeposits(ctx context.Context, merkleTreeIndex int64) {
-	_, span := trace.StartSpan(ctx, "Cache.PrunePendingDeposits")
-	defer span.End()
-
-	if merkleTreeIndex == 0 {
-		log.Debug("Ignoring 0 deposit removal")
-		return
-	}
-
-	c.depositsLock.Lock()
-	defer c.depositsLock.Unlock()
-
-	cleanDeposits := make([]*ethpb.DepositContainer, 0, len(c.pendingDeposits))
-	for _, dp := range c.pendingDeposits {
-		if dp.Index >= merkleTreeIndex {
-			cleanDeposits = append(cleanDeposits, dp)
-		}
-	}
-
-	c.pendingDeposits = cleanDeposits
-	pendingDepositsCount.Set(float64(len(c.pendingDeposits)))
-}
-
 // InsertPendingDeposit into the database. If deposit or block number are nil
 // then this method does nothing.
 func (c *Cache) InsertPendingDeposit(ctx context.Context, d *ethpb.Deposit, blockNum uint64, index int64, depositRoot [32]byte) {
--- a/beacon-chain/cache/depositsnapshot/deposit_fetcher_test.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/cache/depositsnapshot/deposit_fetcher_test.go
@@ -44,67 +44,3 @@ func TestPendingDeposits_OK(t *testing.T) {
 	all := dc.PendingDeposits(context.Background(), nil)
 	assert.Equal(t, len(dc.pendingDeposits), len(all), "PendingDeposits(ctx, nil) did not return all deposits")
 }
-
-func TestPrunePendingDeposits_ZeroMerkleIndex(t *testing.T) {
-	dc := Cache{}
-
-	dc.pendingDeposits = []*ethpb.DepositContainer{
-		{Eth1BlockHeight: 2, Index: 2},
-		{Eth1BlockHeight: 4, Index: 4},
-		{Eth1BlockHeight: 6, Index: 6},
-		{Eth1BlockHeight: 8, Index: 8},
-		{Eth1BlockHeight: 10, Index: 10},
-		{Eth1BlockHeight: 12, Index: 12},
-	}
-
-	dc.PrunePendingDeposits(context.Background(), 0)
-	expected := []*ethpb.DepositContainer{
-		{Eth1BlockHeight: 2, Index: 2},
-		{Eth1BlockHeight: 4, Index: 4},
-		{Eth1BlockHeight: 6, Index: 6},
-		{Eth1BlockHeight: 8, Index: 8},
-		{Eth1BlockHeight: 10, Index: 10},
-		{Eth1BlockHeight: 12, Index: 12},
-	}
-	assert.DeepEqual(t, expected, dc.pendingDeposits)
-}
-
-func TestPrunePendingDeposits_OK(t *testing.T) {
-	dc := Cache{}
-
-	dc.pendingDeposits = []*ethpb.DepositContainer{
-		{Eth1BlockHeight: 2, Index: 2},
-		{Eth1BlockHeight: 4, Index: 4},
-		{Eth1BlockHeight: 6, Index: 6},
-		{Eth1BlockHeight: 8, Index: 8},
-		{Eth1BlockHeight: 10, Index: 10},
-		{Eth1BlockHeight: 12, Index: 12},
-	}
-
-	dc.PrunePendingDeposits(context.Background(), 6)
-	expected := []*ethpb.DepositContainer{
-		{Eth1BlockHeight: 6, Index: 6},
-		{Eth1BlockHeight: 8, Index: 8},
-		{Eth1BlockHeight: 10, Index: 10},
-		{Eth1BlockHeight: 12, Index: 12},
-	}
-
-	assert.DeepEqual(t, expected, dc.pendingDeposits)
-
-	dc.pendingDeposits = []*ethpb.DepositContainer{
-		{Eth1BlockHeight: 2, Index: 2},
-		{Eth1BlockHeight: 4, Index: 4},
-		{Eth1BlockHeight: 6, Index: 6},
-		{Eth1BlockHeight: 8, Index: 8},
-		{Eth1BlockHeight: 10, Index: 10},
-		{Eth1BlockHeight: 12, Index: 12},
-	}
-
-	dc.PrunePendingDeposits(context.Background(), 10)
-	expected = []*ethpb.DepositContainer{
-		{Eth1BlockHeight: 10, Index: 10},
-		{Eth1BlockHeight: 12, Index: 12},
-	}
-
-	assert.DeepEqual(t, expected, dc.pendingDeposits)
-}
--- a/beacon-chain/cache/depositsnapshot/deposit_pruner.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/cache/depositsnapshot/deposit_pruner.go
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+package depositsnapshot
+
+import (
+	"context"
+
+	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/monitoring/tracing/trace"
+	ethpb "github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/proto/prysm/v1alpha1"
+)
+
+// PruneProofs removes proofs from all deposits whose index is equal or less than untilDepositIndex.
+func (c *Cache) PruneProofs(ctx context.Context, untilDepositIndex int64) error {
+	_, span := trace.StartSpan(ctx, "Cache.PruneProofs")
+	defer span.End()
+	c.depositsLock.Lock()
+	defer c.depositsLock.Unlock()
+
+	if untilDepositIndex >= int64(len(c.deposits)) {
+		untilDepositIndex = int64(len(c.deposits) - 1)
+	}
+
+	for i := untilDepositIndex; i >= 0; i-- {
+		// Finding a nil proof means that all proofs up to this deposit have been already pruned.
+		if c.deposits[i].Deposit.Proof == nil {
+			break
+		}
+		c.deposits[i].Deposit.Proof = nil
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// PruneAllProofs removes proofs from all deposits.
+// As EIP-6110 applies and the legacy deposit mechanism is deprecated,
+// proofs in deposit snapshot are no longer needed.
+// See: https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-6110#eth1data-poll-deprecation
+func (c *Cache) PruneAllProofs(ctx context.Context) {
+	_, span := trace.StartSpan(ctx, "Cache.PruneAllProofs")
+	defer span.End()
+
+	c.depositsLock.Lock()
+	defer c.depositsLock.Unlock()
+
+	for i := len(c.deposits) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
+		if c.deposits[i].Deposit.Proof == nil {
+			break
+		}
+		c.deposits[i].Deposit.Proof = nil
+	}
+}
+
+// PrunePendingDeposits removes any deposit which is older than the given deposit merkle tree index.
+func (c *Cache) PrunePendingDeposits(ctx context.Context, merkleTreeIndex int64) {
+	_, span := trace.StartSpan(ctx, "Cache.PrunePendingDeposits")
+	defer span.End()
+
+	if merkleTreeIndex == 0 {
+		log.Debug("Ignoring 0 deposit removal")
+		return
+	}
+
+	c.depositsLock.Lock()
+	defer c.depositsLock.Unlock()
+
+	cleanDeposits := make([]*ethpb.DepositContainer, 0, len(c.pendingDeposits))
+	for _, dp := range c.pendingDeposits {
+		if dp.Index >= merkleTreeIndex {
+			cleanDeposits = append(cleanDeposits, dp)
+		}
+	}
+
+	c.pendingDeposits = cleanDeposits
+	pendingDepositsCount.Set(float64(len(c.pendingDeposits)))
+}
+
+// PruneAllPendingDeposits removes all pending deposits from the cache.
+// As EIP-6110 applies and the legacy deposit mechanism is deprecated,
+// pending deposits in deposit snapshot are no longer needed.
+// See: https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-6110#eth1data-poll-deprecation
+func (c *Cache) PruneAllPendingDeposits(ctx context.Context) {
+	_, span := trace.StartSpan(ctx, "Cache.PruneAllPendingDeposits")
+	defer span.End()
+
+	c.depositsLock.Lock()
+	defer c.depositsLock.Unlock()
+
+	c.pendingDeposits = make([]*ethpb.DepositContainer, 0)
+	pendingDepositsCount.Set(float64(0))
+}
--- a/beacon-chain/cache/depositsnapshot/deposit_pruner_test.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/cache/depositsnapshot/deposit_pruner_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,323 @@
+package depositsnapshot
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/encoding/bytesutil"
+	ethpb "github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/proto/prysm/v1alpha1"
+	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/testing/assert"
+	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/testing/require"
+)
+
+func TestPrunePendingDeposits_ZeroMerkleIndex(t *testing.T) {
+	dc := Cache{}
+
+	dc.pendingDeposits = []*ethpb.DepositContainer{
+		{Eth1BlockHeight: 2, Index: 2},
+		{Eth1BlockHeight: 4, Index: 4},
+		{Eth1BlockHeight: 6, Index: 6},
+		{Eth1BlockHeight: 8, Index: 8},
+		{Eth1BlockHeight: 10, Index: 10},
+		{Eth1BlockHeight: 12, Index: 12},
+	}
+
+	dc.PrunePendingDeposits(context.Background(), 0)
+	expected := []*ethpb.DepositContainer{
+		{Eth1BlockHeight: 2, Index: 2},
+		{Eth1BlockHeight: 4, Index: 4},
+		{Eth1BlockHeight: 6, Index: 6},
+		{Eth1BlockHeight: 8, Index: 8},
+		{Eth1BlockHeight: 10, Index: 10},
+		{Eth1BlockHeight: 12, Index: 12},
+	}
+	assert.DeepEqual(t, expected, dc.pendingDeposits)
+}
+
+func TestPrunePendingDeposits_OK(t *testing.T) {
+	dc := Cache{}
+
+	dc.pendingDeposits = []*ethpb.DepositContainer{
+		{Eth1BlockHeight: 2, Index: 2},
+		{Eth1BlockHeight: 4, Index: 4},
+		{Eth1BlockHeight: 6, Index: 6},
+		{Eth1BlockHeight: 8, Index: 8},
+		{Eth1BlockHeight: 10, Index: 10},
+		{Eth1BlockHeight: 12, Index: 12},
+	}
+
+	dc.PrunePendingDeposits(context.Background(), 6)
+	expected := []*ethpb.DepositContainer{
+		{Eth1BlockHeight: 6, Index: 6},
+		{Eth1BlockHeight: 8, Index: 8},
+		{Eth1BlockHeight: 10, Index: 10},
+		{Eth1BlockHeight: 12, Index: 12},
+	}
+
+	assert.DeepEqual(t, expected, dc.pendingDeposits)
+
+	dc.pendingDeposits = []*ethpb.DepositContainer{
+		{Eth1BlockHeight: 2, Index: 2},
+		{Eth1BlockHeight: 4, Index: 4},
+		{Eth1BlockHeight: 6, Index: 6},
+		{Eth1BlockHeight: 8, Index: 8},
+		{Eth1BlockHeight: 10, Index: 10},
+		{Eth1BlockHeight: 12, Index: 12},
+	}
+
+	dc.PrunePendingDeposits(context.Background(), 10)
+	expected = []*ethpb.DepositContainer{
+		{Eth1BlockHeight: 10, Index: 10},
+		{Eth1BlockHeight: 12, Index: 12},
+	}
+
+	assert.DeepEqual(t, expected, dc.pendingDeposits)
+}
+
+func TestPruneAllPendingDeposits(t *testing.T) {
+	dc := Cache{}
+
+	dc.pendingDeposits = []*ethpb.DepositContainer{
+		{Eth1BlockHeight: 2, Index: 2},
+		{Eth1BlockHeight: 4, Index: 4},
+		{Eth1BlockHeight: 6, Index: 6},
+		{Eth1BlockHeight: 8, Index: 8},
+		{Eth1BlockHeight: 10, Index: 10},
+		{Eth1BlockHeight: 12, Index: 12},
+	}
+
+	dc.PruneAllPendingDeposits(context.Background())
+	expected := []*ethpb.DepositContainer{}
+
+	assert.DeepEqual(t, expected, dc.pendingDeposits)
+}
+
+func TestPruneProofs_Ok(t *testing.T) {
+	dc, err := New()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	deposits := []struct {
+		blkNum  uint64
+		deposit *ethpb.Deposit
+		index   int64
+	}{
+		{
+			blkNum: 0,
+			deposit: &ethpb.Deposit{Proof: makeDepositProof(),
+				Data: &ethpb.Deposit_Data{PublicKey: bytesutil.PadTo([]byte("pk0"), 48)}},
+			index: 0,
+		},
+		{
+			blkNum: 0,
+			deposit: &ethpb.Deposit{Proof: makeDepositProof(),
+				Data: &ethpb.Deposit_Data{PublicKey: bytesutil.PadTo([]byte("pk1"), 48)}},
+			index: 1,
+		},
+		{
+			blkNum: 0,
+			deposit: &ethpb.Deposit{Proof: makeDepositProof(),
+				Data: &ethpb.Deposit_Data{PublicKey: bytesutil.PadTo([]byte("pk2"), 48)}},
+			index: 2,
+		},
+		{
+			blkNum: 0,
+			deposit: &ethpb.Deposit{Proof: makeDepositProof(),
+				Data: &ethpb.Deposit_Data{PublicKey: bytesutil.PadTo([]byte("pk3"), 48)}},
+			index: 3,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, ins := range deposits {
+		assert.NoError(t, dc.InsertDeposit(context.Background(), ins.deposit, ins.blkNum, ins.index, [32]byte{}))
+	}
+
+	require.NoError(t, dc.PruneProofs(context.Background(), 1))
+
+	assert.DeepEqual(t, [][]byte(nil), dc.deposits[0].Deposit.Proof)
+	assert.DeepEqual(t, [][]byte(nil), dc.deposits[1].Deposit.Proof)
+	assert.NotNil(t, dc.deposits[2].Deposit.Proof)
+	assert.NotNil(t, dc.deposits[3].Deposit.Proof)
+}
+
+func TestPruneProofs_SomeAlreadyPruned(t *testing.T) {
+	dc, err := New()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	deposits := []struct {
+		blkNum  uint64
+		deposit *ethpb.Deposit
+		index   int64
+	}{
+		{
+			blkNum: 0,
+			deposit: &ethpb.Deposit{Proof: nil, Data: &ethpb.Deposit_Data{
+				PublicKey: bytesutil.PadTo([]byte("pk0"), 48)}},
+			index: 0,
+		},
+		{
+			blkNum: 0,
+			deposit: &ethpb.Deposit{Proof: nil, Data: &ethpb.Deposit_Data{
+				PublicKey: bytesutil.PadTo([]byte("pk1"), 48)}}, index: 1,
+		},
+		{
+			blkNum:  0,
+			deposit: &ethpb.Deposit{Proof: makeDepositProof(), Data: &ethpb.Deposit_Data{PublicKey: bytesutil.PadTo([]byte("pk2"), 48)}},
+			index:   2,
+		},
+		{
+			blkNum: 0,
+			deposit: &ethpb.Deposit{Proof: makeDepositProof(),
+				Data: &ethpb.Deposit_Data{PublicKey: bytesutil.PadTo([]byte("pk3"), 48)}},
+			index: 3,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, ins := range deposits {
+		assert.NoError(t, dc.InsertDeposit(context.Background(), ins.deposit, ins.blkNum, ins.index, [32]byte{}))
+	}
+
+	require.NoError(t, dc.PruneProofs(context.Background(), 2))
+
+	assert.DeepEqual(t, [][]byte(nil), dc.deposits[2].Deposit.Proof)
+}
+
+func TestPruneProofs_PruneAllWhenDepositIndexTooBig(t *testing.T) {
+	dc, err := New()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	deposits := []struct {
+		blkNum  uint64
+		deposit *ethpb.Deposit
+		index   int64
+	}{
+		{
+			blkNum: 0,
+			deposit: &ethpb.Deposit{Proof: makeDepositProof(),
+				Data: &ethpb.Deposit_Data{PublicKey: bytesutil.PadTo([]byte("pk0"), 48)}},
+			index: 0,
+		},
+		{
+			blkNum: 0,
+			deposit: &ethpb.Deposit{Proof: makeDepositProof(),
+				Data: &ethpb.Deposit_Data{PublicKey: bytesutil.PadTo([]byte("pk1"), 48)}},
+			index: 1,
+		},
+		{
+			blkNum: 0,
+			deposit: &ethpb.Deposit{Proof: makeDepositProof(),
+				Data: &ethpb.Deposit_Data{PublicKey: bytesutil.PadTo([]byte("pk2"), 48)}},
+			index: 2,
+		},
+		{
+			blkNum: 0,
+			deposit: &ethpb.Deposit{Proof: makeDepositProof(),
+				Data: &ethpb.Deposit_Data{PublicKey: bytesutil.PadTo([]byte("pk3"), 48)}},
+			index: 3,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, ins := range deposits {
+		assert.NoError(t, dc.InsertDeposit(context.Background(), ins.deposit, ins.blkNum, ins.index, [32]byte{}))
+	}
+
+	require.NoError(t, dc.PruneProofs(context.Background(), 99))
+
+	assert.DeepEqual(t, [][]byte(nil), dc.deposits[0].Deposit.Proof)
+	assert.DeepEqual(t, [][]byte(nil), dc.deposits[1].Deposit.Proof)
+	assert.DeepEqual(t, [][]byte(nil), dc.deposits[2].Deposit.Proof)
+	assert.DeepEqual(t, [][]byte(nil), dc.deposits[3].Deposit.Proof)
+}
+
+func TestPruneProofs_CorrectlyHandleLastIndex(t *testing.T) {
+	dc, err := New()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	deposits := []struct {
+		blkNum  uint64
+		deposit *ethpb.Deposit
+		index   int64
+	}{
+		{
+			blkNum: 0,
+			deposit: &ethpb.Deposit{Proof: makeDepositProof(),
+				Data: &ethpb.Deposit_Data{PublicKey: bytesutil.PadTo([]byte("pk0"), 48)}},
+			index: 0,
+		},
+		{
+			blkNum: 0,
+			deposit: &ethpb.Deposit{Proof: makeDepositProof(),
+				Data: &ethpb.Deposit_Data{PublicKey: bytesutil.PadTo([]byte("pk1"), 48)}},
+			index: 1,
+		},
+		{
+			blkNum: 0,
+			deposit: &ethpb.Deposit{Proof: makeDepositProof(),
+				Data: &ethpb.Deposit_Data{PublicKey: bytesutil.PadTo([]byte("pk2"), 48)}},
+			index: 2,
+		},
+		{
+			blkNum: 0,
+			deposit: &ethpb.Deposit{Proof: makeDepositProof(),
+				Data: &ethpb.Deposit_Data{PublicKey: bytesutil.PadTo([]byte("pk3"), 48)}},
+			index: 3,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, ins := range deposits {
+		assert.NoError(t, dc.InsertDeposit(context.Background(), ins.deposit, ins.blkNum, ins.index, [32]byte{}))
+	}
+
+	require.NoError(t, dc.PruneProofs(context.Background(), 4))
+
+	assert.DeepEqual(t, [][]byte(nil), dc.deposits[0].Deposit.Proof)
+	assert.DeepEqual(t, [][]byte(nil), dc.deposits[1].Deposit.Proof)
+	assert.DeepEqual(t, [][]byte(nil), dc.deposits[2].Deposit.Proof)
+	assert.DeepEqual(t, [][]byte(nil), dc.deposits[3].Deposit.Proof)
+}
+
+func TestPruneAllProofs(t *testing.T) {
+	dc, err := New()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	deposits := []struct {
+		blkNum  uint64
+		deposit *ethpb.Deposit
+		index   int64
+	}{
+		{
+			blkNum: 0,
+			deposit: &ethpb.Deposit{Proof: makeDepositProof(),
+				Data: &ethpb.Deposit_Data{PublicKey: bytesutil.PadTo([]byte("pk0"), 48)}},
+			index: 0,
+		},
+		{
+			blkNum: 0,
+			deposit: &ethpb.Deposit{Proof: makeDepositProof(),
+				Data: &ethpb.Deposit_Data{PublicKey: bytesutil.PadTo([]byte("pk1"), 48)}},
+			index: 1,
+		},
+		{
+			blkNum: 0,
+			deposit: &ethpb.Deposit{Proof: makeDepositProof(),
+				Data: &ethpb.Deposit_Data{PublicKey: bytesutil.PadTo([]byte("pk2"), 48)}},
+			index: 2,
+		},
+		{
+			blkNum: 0,
+			deposit: &ethpb.Deposit{Proof: makeDepositProof(),
+				Data: &ethpb.Deposit_Data{PublicKey: bytesutil.PadTo([]byte("pk3"), 48)}},
+			index: 3,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, ins := range deposits {
+		assert.NoError(t, dc.InsertDeposit(context.Background(), ins.deposit, ins.blkNum, ins.index, [32]byte{}))
+	}
+
+	dc.PruneAllProofs(context.Background())
+
+	assert.DeepEqual(t, [][]byte(nil), dc.deposits[0].Deposit.Proof)
+	assert.DeepEqual(t, [][]byte(nil), dc.deposits[1].Deposit.Proof)
+	assert.DeepEqual(t, [][]byte(nil), dc.deposits[2].Deposit.Proof)
+	assert.DeepEqual(t, [][]byte(nil), dc.deposits[3].Deposit.Proof)
+}
--- a/beacon-chain/cache/interfaces.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/cache/interfaces.go
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import (
 type DepositCache interface {
 	DepositFetcher
 	DepositInserter
+	DepositPruner
 }

 // DepositFetcher defines a struct which can retrieve deposit information from a store.
@@ -23,8 +24,6 @@ type DepositFetcher interface {
 	InsertPendingDeposit(ctx context.Context, d *ethpb.Deposit, blockNum uint64, index int64, depositRoot [32]byte)
 	PendingDeposits(ctx context.Context, untilBlk *big.Int) []*ethpb.Deposit
 	PendingContainers(ctx context.Context, untilBlk *big.Int) []*ethpb.DepositContainer
-	PrunePendingDeposits(ctx context.Context, merkleTreeIndex int64)
-	PruneProofs(ctx context.Context, untilDepositIndex int64) error
 	FinalizedFetcher
 }

@@ -42,6 +41,14 @@ type FinalizedFetcher interface {
 	NonFinalizedDeposits(ctx context.Context, lastFinalizedIndex int64, untilBlk *big.Int) []*ethpb.Deposit
 }

+// DepositPruner is an interface for pruning deposits and proofs.
+type DepositPruner interface {
+	PrunePendingDeposits(ctx context.Context, merkleTreeIndex int64)
+	PruneAllPendingDeposits(ctx context.Context)
+	PruneProofs(ctx context.Context, untilDepositIndex int64) error
+	PruneAllProofs(ctx context.Context)
+}
+
 // FinalizedDeposits defines a method to access a merkle tree containing deposits and their indexes.
 type FinalizedDeposits interface {
 	Deposits() MerkleTree
--- a/beacon-chain/cache/tracked_validators.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/cache/tracked_validators.go
@@ -1,49 +1,139 @@
 package cache

 import (
-	"sync"
+	"strconv"
+	"time"

+	"github.com/patrickmn/go-cache"
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus"
+	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus/promauto"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/consensus-types/primitives"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )

-type TrackedValidator struct {
-	Active       bool
-	FeeRecipient primitives.ExecutionAddress
-	Index        primitives.ValidatorIndex
-}
+const (
+	defaultExpiration = 1 * time.Hour
+	cleanupInterval   = 15 * time.Minute
+)

-type TrackedValidatorsCache struct {
-	sync.Mutex
-	trackedValidators map[primitives.ValidatorIndex]TrackedValidator
-}
+type (
+	TrackedValidator struct {
+		Active       bool
+		FeeRecipient primitives.ExecutionAddress
+		Index        primitives.ValidatorIndex
+	}

+	TrackedValidatorsCache struct {
+		trackedValidators cache.Cache
+	}
+)
+
+var (
+	// Metrics.
+	trackedValidatorsCacheMiss = promauto.NewCounter(prometheus.CounterOpts{
+		Name: "tracked_validators_cache_miss",
+		Help: "The number of tracked validators requests that are not present in the cache.",
+	})
+
+	trackedValidatorsCacheTotal = promauto.NewCounter(prometheus.CounterOpts{
+		Name: "tracked_validators_cache_total",
+		Help: "The total number of tracked validators requests in the cache.",
+	})
+
+	trackedValidatorsCacheCount = promauto.NewGauge(prometheus.GaugeOpts{
+		Name: "tracked_validators_cache_count",
+		Help: "The number of tracked validators in the cache.",
+	})
+)
+
+// NewTrackedValidatorsCache creates a new cache for tracking validators.
 func NewTrackedValidatorsCache() *TrackedValidatorsCache {
 	return &TrackedValidatorsCache{
-		trackedValidators: make(map[primitives.ValidatorIndex]TrackedValidator),
+		trackedValidators: *cache.New(defaultExpiration, cleanupInterval),
 	}
 }

+// Validator retrieves a tracked validator from the cache (if present).
 func (t *TrackedValidatorsCache) Validator(index primitives.ValidatorIndex) (TrackedValidator, bool) {
-	t.Lock()
-	defer t.Unlock()
-	val, ok := t.trackedValidators[index]
-	return val, ok
+	trackedValidatorsCacheTotal.Inc()
+
+	key := toCacheKey(index)
+	item, ok := t.trackedValidators.Get(key)
+	if !ok {
+		trackedValidatorsCacheMiss.Inc()
+		return TrackedValidator{}, false
+	}
+
+	val, ok := item.(TrackedValidator)
+	if !ok {
+		logrus.Errorf("Failed to cast tracked validator from cache, got unexpected item type %T", item)
+		return TrackedValidator{}, false
+	}
+
+	return val, true
 }

+// Set adds a tracked validator to the cache.
 func (t *TrackedValidatorsCache) Set(val TrackedValidator) {
-	t.Lock()
-	defer t.Unlock()
-	t.trackedValidators[val.Index] = val
+	key := toCacheKey(val.Index)
+	t.trackedValidators.Set(key, val, cache.DefaultExpiration)
 }

+// Delete removes a tracked validator from the cache.
 func (t *TrackedValidatorsCache) Prune() {
-	t.Lock()
-	defer t.Unlock()
-	t.trackedValidators = make(map[primitives.ValidatorIndex]TrackedValidator)
+	t.trackedValidators.Flush()
+	trackedValidatorsCacheCount.Set(0)
 }

+// Validating returns true if there are at least one tracked validators in the cache.
 func (t *TrackedValidatorsCache) Validating() bool {
-	t.Lock()
-	defer t.Unlock()
-	return len(t.trackedValidators) > 0
+	count := t.trackedValidators.ItemCount()
+	trackedValidatorsCacheCount.Set(float64(count))
+
+	return count > 0
+}
+
+// ItemCount returns the number of tracked validators in the cache.
+func (t *TrackedValidatorsCache) ItemCount() int {
+	count := t.trackedValidators.ItemCount()
+	trackedValidatorsCacheCount.Set(float64(count))
+
+	return count
+}
+
+// Indices returns a map of validator indices that are being tracked.
+func (t *TrackedValidatorsCache) Indices() map[primitives.ValidatorIndex]bool {
+	items := t.trackedValidators.Items()
+	count := len(items)
+	trackedValidatorsCacheCount.Set(float64(count))
+
+	indices := make(map[primitives.ValidatorIndex]bool, count)
+
+	for cacheKey := range items {
+		index, err := fromCacheKey(cacheKey)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.WithError(err).Error("Failed to get validator index from cache key")
+			continue
+		}
+
+		indices[index] = true
+	}
+
+	return indices
+}
+
+// toCacheKey creates a cache key from the validator index.
+func toCacheKey(validatorIndex primitives.ValidatorIndex) string {
+	return strconv.FormatUint(uint64(validatorIndex), 10)
+}
+
+// fromCacheKey gets the validator index from the cache key.
+func fromCacheKey(key string) (primitives.ValidatorIndex, error) {
+	validatorIndex, err := strconv.ParseUint(key, 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, errors.Wrapf(err, "parse Uint: %s", key)
+	}
+
+	return primitives.ValidatorIndex(validatorIndex), nil
 }
--- a/beacon-chain/cache/tracked_validators_test.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/cache/tracked_validators_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+package cache
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/consensus-types/primitives"
+	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/testing/require"
+)
+
+func mapEqual(a, b map[primitives.ValidatorIndex]bool) bool {
+	if len(a) != len(b) {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	for k, v := range a {
+		if b[k] != v {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+
+	return true
+}
+
+func TestTrackedValidatorsCache(t *testing.T) {
+	vc := NewTrackedValidatorsCache()
+
+	// No validators in cache.
+	require.Equal(t, 0, vc.ItemCount())
+	require.Equal(t, false, vc.Validating())
+	require.Equal(t, 0, len(vc.Indices()))
+
+	_, ok := vc.Validator(41)
+	require.Equal(t, false, ok)
+
+	// Add some validators (one twice).
+	v42Expected := TrackedValidator{Active: true, FeeRecipient: [20]byte{1}, Index: 42}
+	v43Expected := TrackedValidator{Active: false, FeeRecipient: [20]byte{2}, Index: 43}
+
+	vc.Set(v42Expected)
+	vc.Set(v43Expected)
+	vc.Set(v42Expected)
+
+	// Check if they are in the cache.
+	v42Actual, ok := vc.Validator(42)
+	require.Equal(t, true, ok)
+	require.Equal(t, v42Expected, v42Actual)
+
+	v43Actual, ok := vc.Validator(43)
+	require.Equal(t, true, ok)
+	require.Equal(t, v43Expected, v43Actual)
+
+	expected := map[primitives.ValidatorIndex]bool{42: true, 43: true}
+	actual := vc.Indices()
+	require.Equal(t, true, mapEqual(expected, actual))
+
+	// Check the item count and if the cache is validating.
+	require.Equal(t, 2, vc.ItemCount())
+	require.Equal(t, true, vc.Validating())
+
+	// Check if a non-existing validator is in the cache.
+	_, ok = vc.Validator(41)
+	require.Equal(t, false, ok)
+
+	// Prune the cache and test it.
+	vc.Prune()
+
+	_, ok = vc.Validator(41)
+	require.Equal(t, false, ok)
+
+	_, ok = vc.Validator(42)
+	require.Equal(t, false, ok)
+
+	_, ok = vc.Validator(43)
+	require.Equal(t, false, ok)
+
+	require.Equal(t, 0, vc.ItemCount())
+	require.Equal(t, false, vc.Validating())
+	require.Equal(t, 0, len(vc.Indices()))
+}
--- a/beacon-chain/core/blocks/attester_slashing_test.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/core/blocks/attester_slashing_test.go
@@ -7,12 +7,14 @@ import (
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/core/blocks"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/core/signing"
 	v "github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/core/validators"
+	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/state"
 	state_native "github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/state/state-native"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/config/params"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/consensus-types/primitives"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/crypto/bls"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/encoding/bytesutil"
 	ethpb "github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/proto/prysm/v1alpha1"
+	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/runtime/version"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/testing/assert"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/testing/require"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/testing/util"
@@ -105,293 +107,162 @@ func TestProcessAttesterSlashings_IndexedAttestationFailedToVerify(t *testing.T)
 }

 func TestProcessAttesterSlashings_AppliesCorrectStatus(t *testing.T) {
-	beaconState, privKeys := util.DeterministicGenesisState(t, 100)
-	for _, vv := range beaconState.Validators() {
-		vv.WithdrawableEpoch = primitives.Epoch(params.BeaconConfig().SlotsPerEpoch)
-	}
+	statePhase0, keysPhase0 := util.DeterministicGenesisState(t, 100)
+	stateAltair, keysAltair := util.DeterministicGenesisStateAltair(t, 100)
+	stateBellatrix, keysBellatrix := util.DeterministicGenesisStateBellatrix(t, 100)
+	stateCapella, keysCapella := util.DeterministicGenesisStateCapella(t, 100)
+	stateDeneb, keysDeneb := util.DeterministicGenesisStateDeneb(t, 100)
+	stateElectra, keysElectra := util.DeterministicGenesisStateElectra(t, 100)

-	att1 := util.HydrateIndexedAttestation(&ethpb.IndexedAttestation{
+	att1Phase0 := util.HydrateIndexedAttestation(&ethpb.IndexedAttestation{
 		Data: &ethpb.AttestationData{
 			Source: &ethpb.Checkpoint{Epoch: 1},
 		},
 		AttestingIndices: []uint64{0, 1},
 	})
-	domain, err := signing.Domain(beaconState.Fork(), 0, params.BeaconConfig().DomainBeaconAttester, beaconState.GenesisValidatorsRoot())
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	signingRoot, err := signing.ComputeSigningRoot(att1.Data, domain)
-	assert.NoError(t, err, "Could not get signing root of beacon block header")
-	sig0 := privKeys[0].Sign(signingRoot[:])
-	sig1 := privKeys[1].Sign(signingRoot[:])
-	aggregateSig := bls.AggregateSignatures([]bls.Signature{sig0, sig1})
-	att1.Signature = aggregateSig.Marshal()
-
-	att2 := util.HydrateIndexedAttestation(&ethpb.IndexedAttestation{
+	att2Phase0 := util.HydrateIndexedAttestation(&ethpb.IndexedAttestation{
 		AttestingIndices: []uint64{0, 1},
 	})
-	signingRoot, err = signing.ComputeSigningRoot(att2.Data, domain)
-	assert.NoError(t, err, "Could not get signing root of beacon block header")
-	sig0 = privKeys[0].Sign(signingRoot[:])
-	sig1 = privKeys[1].Sign(signingRoot[:])
-	aggregateSig = bls.AggregateSignatures([]bls.Signature{sig0, sig1})
-	att2.Signature = aggregateSig.Marshal()
-
-	slashings := []*ethpb.AttesterSlashing{
-		{
-			Attestation_1: att1,
-			Attestation_2: att2,
-		},
-	}
-
-	currentSlot := 2 * params.BeaconConfig().SlotsPerEpoch
-	require.NoError(t, beaconState.SetSlot(currentSlot))
-
-	b := util.NewBeaconBlock()
-	b.Block = &ethpb.BeaconBlock{
-		Body: &ethpb.BeaconBlockBody{
-			AttesterSlashings: slashings,
-		},
-	}
-
-	ss := make([]ethpb.AttSlashing, len(b.Block.Body.AttesterSlashings))
-	for i, s := range b.Block.Body.AttesterSlashings {
-		ss[i] = s
-	}
-	newState, err := blocks.ProcessAttesterSlashings(context.Background(), beaconState, ss, v.SlashValidator)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	newRegistry := newState.Validators()
-
-	// Given the intersection of slashable indices is [1], only validator
-	// at index 1 should be slashed and exited. We confirm this below.
-	if newRegistry[1].ExitEpoch != beaconState.Validators()[1].ExitEpoch {
-		t.Errorf(
-			`
-			Expected validator at index 1's exit epoch to match
-			%d, received %d instead
-			`,
-			beaconState.Validators()[1].ExitEpoch,
-			newRegistry[1].ExitEpoch,
-		)
-	}
-
-	require.Equal(t, uint64(31750000000), newState.Balances()[1])
-	require.Equal(t, uint64(32000000000), newState.Balances()[2])
-}
-
-func TestProcessAttesterSlashings_AppliesCorrectStatusAltair(t *testing.T) {
-	beaconState, privKeys := util.DeterministicGenesisStateAltair(t, 100)
-	for _, vv := range beaconState.Validators() {
-		vv.WithdrawableEpoch = primitives.Epoch(params.BeaconConfig().SlotsPerEpoch)
-	}
-
-	att1 := util.HydrateIndexedAttestation(&ethpb.IndexedAttestation{
+	att1Electra := util.HydrateIndexedAttestationElectra(&ethpb.IndexedAttestationElectra{
 		Data: &ethpb.AttestationData{
 			Source: &ethpb.Checkpoint{Epoch: 1},
 		},
 		AttestingIndices: []uint64{0, 1},
 	})
-	domain, err := signing.Domain(beaconState.Fork(), 0, params.BeaconConfig().DomainBeaconAttester, beaconState.GenesisValidatorsRoot())
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	signingRoot, err := signing.ComputeSigningRoot(att1.Data, domain)
-	assert.NoError(t, err, "Could not get signing root of beacon block header")
-	sig0 := privKeys[0].Sign(signingRoot[:])
-	sig1 := privKeys[1].Sign(signingRoot[:])
-	aggregateSig := bls.AggregateSignatures([]bls.Signature{sig0, sig1})
-	att1.Signature = aggregateSig.Marshal()
-
-	att2 := util.HydrateIndexedAttestation(&ethpb.IndexedAttestation{
+	att2Electra := util.HydrateIndexedAttestationElectra(&ethpb.IndexedAttestationElectra{
 		AttestingIndices: []uint64{0, 1},
 	})
-	signingRoot, err = signing.ComputeSigningRoot(att2.Data, domain)
-	assert.NoError(t, err, "Could not get signing root of beacon block header")
-	sig0 = privKeys[0].Sign(signingRoot[:])
-	sig1 = privKeys[1].Sign(signingRoot[:])
-	aggregateSig = bls.AggregateSignatures([]bls.Signature{sig0, sig1})
-	att2.Signature = aggregateSig.Marshal()

-	slashings := []*ethpb.AttesterSlashing{
+	slashingPhase0 := &ethpb.AttesterSlashing{
+		Attestation_1: att1Phase0,
+		Attestation_2: att2Phase0,
+	}
+	slashingElectra := &ethpb.AttesterSlashingElectra{
+		Attestation_1: att1Electra,
+		Attestation_2: att2Electra,
+	}
+
+	type testCase struct {
+		name           string
+		st             state.BeaconState
+		keys           []bls.SecretKey
+		att1           ethpb.IndexedAtt
+		att2           ethpb.IndexedAtt
+		slashing       ethpb.AttSlashing
+		slashedBalance uint64
+	}
+
+	testCases := []testCase{
 		{
-			Attestation_1: att1,
-			Attestation_2: att2,
+			name:           "phase0",
+			st:             statePhase0,
+			keys:           keysPhase0,
+			att1:           att1Phase0,
+			att2:           att2Phase0,
+			slashing:       slashingPhase0,
+			slashedBalance: 31750000000,
+		},
+		{
+			name:           "altair",
+			st:             stateAltair,
+			keys:           keysAltair,
+			att1:           att1Phase0,
+			att2:           att2Phase0,
+			slashing:       slashingPhase0,
+			slashedBalance: 31500000000,
+		},
+		{
+			name:           "bellatrix",
+			st:             stateBellatrix,
+			keys:           keysBellatrix,
+			att1:           att1Phase0,
+			att2:           att2Phase0,
+			slashing:       slashingPhase0,
+			slashedBalance: 31000000000,
+		},
+		{
+			name:           "capella",
+			st:             stateCapella,
+			keys:           keysCapella,
+			att1:           att1Phase0,
+			att2:           att2Phase0,
+			slashing:       slashingPhase0,
+			slashedBalance: 31000000000,
+		},
+		{
+			name:           "deneb",
+			st:             stateDeneb,
+			keys:           keysDeneb,
+			att1:           att1Phase0,
+			att2:           att2Phase0,
+			slashing:       slashingPhase0,
+			slashedBalance: 31000000000,
+		},
+		{
+			name:           "electra",
+			st:             stateElectra,
+			keys:           keysElectra,
+			att1:           att1Electra,
+			att2:           att2Electra,
+			slashing:       slashingElectra,
+			slashedBalance: 31992187500,
 		},
 	}

-	currentSlot := 2 * params.BeaconConfig().SlotsPerEpoch
-	require.NoError(t, beaconState.SetSlot(currentSlot))
+	for _, tc := range testCases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			for _, vv := range tc.st.Validators() {
+				vv.WithdrawableEpoch = primitives.Epoch(params.BeaconConfig().SlotsPerEpoch)
+			}

-	b := util.NewBeaconBlock()
-	b.Block = &ethpb.BeaconBlock{
-		Body: &ethpb.BeaconBlockBody{
-			AttesterSlashings: slashings,
-		},
-	}
+			domain, err := signing.Domain(tc.st.Fork(), 0, params.BeaconConfig().DomainBeaconAttester, tc.st.GenesisValidatorsRoot())
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			signingRoot, err := signing.ComputeSigningRoot(tc.att1.GetData(), domain)
+			assert.NoError(t, err, "Could not get signing root of beacon block header")
+			sig0 := tc.keys[0].Sign(signingRoot[:])
+			sig1 := tc.keys[1].Sign(signingRoot[:])
+			aggregateSig := bls.AggregateSignatures([]bls.Signature{sig0, sig1})

-	ss := make([]ethpb.AttSlashing, len(b.Block.Body.AttesterSlashings))
-	for i, s := range b.Block.Body.AttesterSlashings {
-		ss[i] = s
-	}
-	newState, err := blocks.ProcessAttesterSlashings(context.Background(), beaconState, ss, v.SlashValidator)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	newRegistry := newState.Validators()
+			if tc.att1.Version() >= version.Electra {
+				tc.att1.(*ethpb.IndexedAttestationElectra).Signature = aggregateSig.Marshal()
+			} else {
+				tc.att1.(*ethpb.IndexedAttestation).Signature = aggregateSig.Marshal()
+			}

-	// Given the intersection of slashable indices is [1], only validator
-	// at index 1 should be slashed and exited. We confirm this below.
-	if newRegistry[1].ExitEpoch != beaconState.Validators()[1].ExitEpoch {
-		t.Errorf(
-			`
+			signingRoot, err = signing.ComputeSigningRoot(tc.att2.GetData(), domain)
+			assert.NoError(t, err, "Could not get signing root of beacon block header")
+			sig0 = tc.keys[0].Sign(signingRoot[:])
+			sig1 = tc.keys[1].Sign(signingRoot[:])
+			aggregateSig = bls.AggregateSignatures([]bls.Signature{sig0, sig1})
+
+			if tc.att2.Version() >= version.Electra {
+				tc.att2.(*ethpb.IndexedAttestationElectra).Signature = aggregateSig.Marshal()
+			} else {
+				tc.att2.(*ethpb.IndexedAttestation).Signature = aggregateSig.Marshal()
+			}
+
+			currentSlot := 2 * params.BeaconConfig().SlotsPerEpoch
+			require.NoError(t, tc.st.SetSlot(currentSlot))
+
+			newState, err := blocks.ProcessAttesterSlashings(context.Background(), tc.st, []ethpb.AttSlashing{tc.slashing}, v.SlashValidator)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			newRegistry := newState.Validators()
+
+			// Given the intersection of slashable indices is [1], only validator
+			// at index 1 should be slashed and exited. We confirm this below.
+			if newRegistry[1].ExitEpoch != tc.st.Validators()[1].ExitEpoch {
+				t.Errorf(
+					`
 			Expected validator at index 1's exit epoch to match
 			%d, received %d instead
 			`,
-			beaconState.Validators()[1].ExitEpoch,
-			newRegistry[1].ExitEpoch,
-		)
-	}
+					tc.st.Validators()[1].ExitEpoch,
+					newRegistry[1].ExitEpoch,
+				)
+			}

-	require.Equal(t, uint64(31500000000), newState.Balances()[1])
-	require.Equal(t, uint64(32000000000), newState.Balances()[2])
-}
-
-func TestProcessAttesterSlashings_AppliesCorrectStatusBellatrix(t *testing.T) {
-	beaconState, privKeys := util.DeterministicGenesisStateBellatrix(t, 100)
-	for _, vv := range beaconState.Validators() {
-		vv.WithdrawableEpoch = primitives.Epoch(params.BeaconConfig().SlotsPerEpoch)
-	}
-
-	att1 := util.HydrateIndexedAttestation(&ethpb.IndexedAttestation{
-		Data: &ethpb.AttestationData{
-			Source: &ethpb.Checkpoint{Epoch: 1},
-		},
-		AttestingIndices: []uint64{0, 1},
-	})
-	domain, err := signing.Domain(beaconState.Fork(), 0, params.BeaconConfig().DomainBeaconAttester, beaconState.GenesisValidatorsRoot())
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	signingRoot, err := signing.ComputeSigningRoot(att1.Data, domain)
-	assert.NoError(t, err, "Could not get signing root of beacon block header")
-	sig0 := privKeys[0].Sign(signingRoot[:])
-	sig1 := privKeys[1].Sign(signingRoot[:])
-	aggregateSig := bls.AggregateSignatures([]bls.Signature{sig0, sig1})
-	att1.Signature = aggregateSig.Marshal()
-
-	att2 := util.HydrateIndexedAttestation(&ethpb.IndexedAttestation{
-		AttestingIndices: []uint64{0, 1},
-	})
-	signingRoot, err = signing.ComputeSigningRoot(att2.Data, domain)
-	assert.NoError(t, err, "Could not get signing root of beacon block header")
-	sig0 = privKeys[0].Sign(signingRoot[:])
-	sig1 = privKeys[1].Sign(signingRoot[:])
-	aggregateSig = bls.AggregateSignatures([]bls.Signature{sig0, sig1})
-	att2.Signature = aggregateSig.Marshal()
-
-	slashings := []*ethpb.AttesterSlashing{
-		{
-			Attestation_1: att1,
-			Attestation_2: att2,
-		},
-	}
-
-	currentSlot := 2 * params.BeaconConfig().SlotsPerEpoch
-	require.NoError(t, beaconState.SetSlot(currentSlot))
-
-	b := util.NewBeaconBlock()
-	b.Block = &ethpb.BeaconBlock{
-		Body: &ethpb.BeaconBlockBody{
-			AttesterSlashings: slashings,
-		},
-	}
-
-	ss := make([]ethpb.AttSlashing, len(b.Block.Body.AttesterSlashings))
-	for i, s := range b.Block.Body.AttesterSlashings {
-		ss[i] = s
-	}
-	newState, err := blocks.ProcessAttesterSlashings(context.Background(), beaconState, ss, v.SlashValidator)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	newRegistry := newState.Validators()
-
-	// Given the intersection of slashable indices is [1], only validator
-	// at index 1 should be slashed and exited. We confirm this below.
-	if newRegistry[1].ExitEpoch != beaconState.Validators()[1].ExitEpoch {
-		t.Errorf(
-			`
-			Expected validator at index 1's exit epoch to match
-			%d, received %d instead
-			`,
-			beaconState.Validators()[1].ExitEpoch,
-			newRegistry[1].ExitEpoch,
-		)
-	}
-
-	require.Equal(t, uint64(31000000000), newState.Balances()[1])
-	require.Equal(t, uint64(32000000000), newState.Balances()[2])
-}
-
-func TestProcessAttesterSlashings_AppliesCorrectStatusCapella(t *testing.T) {
-	beaconState, privKeys := util.DeterministicGenesisStateCapella(t, 100)
-	for _, vv := range beaconState.Validators() {
-		vv.WithdrawableEpoch = primitives.Epoch(params.BeaconConfig().SlotsPerEpoch)
-	}
-
-	att1 := util.HydrateIndexedAttestation(&ethpb.IndexedAttestation{
-		Data: &ethpb.AttestationData{
-			Source: &ethpb.Checkpoint{Epoch: 1},
-		},
-		AttestingIndices: []uint64{0, 1},
-	})
-	domain, err := signing.Domain(beaconState.Fork(), 0, params.BeaconConfig().DomainBeaconAttester, beaconState.GenesisValidatorsRoot())
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	signingRoot, err := signing.ComputeSigningRoot(att1.Data, domain)
-	assert.NoError(t, err, "Could not get signing root of beacon block header")
-	sig0 := privKeys[0].Sign(signingRoot[:])
-	sig1 := privKeys[1].Sign(signingRoot[:])
-	aggregateSig := bls.AggregateSignatures([]bls.Signature{sig0, sig1})
-	att1.Signature = aggregateSig.Marshal()
-
-	att2 := util.HydrateIndexedAttestation(&ethpb.IndexedAttestation{
-		AttestingIndices: []uint64{0, 1},
-	})
-	signingRoot, err = signing.ComputeSigningRoot(att2.Data, domain)
-	assert.NoError(t, err, "Could not get signing root of beacon block header")
-	sig0 = privKeys[0].Sign(signingRoot[:])
-	sig1 = privKeys[1].Sign(signingRoot[:])
-	aggregateSig = bls.AggregateSignatures([]bls.Signature{sig0, sig1})
-	att2.Signature = aggregateSig.Marshal()
-
-	slashings := []*ethpb.AttesterSlashing{
-		{
-			Attestation_1: att1,
-			Attestation_2: att2,
-		},
-	}
-
-	currentSlot := 2 * params.BeaconConfig().SlotsPerEpoch
-	require.NoError(t, beaconState.SetSlot(currentSlot))
-
-	b := util.NewBeaconBlock()
-	b.Block = &ethpb.BeaconBlock{
-		Body: &ethpb.BeaconBlockBody{
-			AttesterSlashings: slashings,
-		},
-	}
-
-	ss := make([]ethpb.AttSlashing, len(b.Block.Body.AttesterSlashings))
-	for i, s := range b.Block.Body.AttesterSlashings {
-		ss[i] = s
-	}
-	newState, err := blocks.ProcessAttesterSlashings(context.Background(), beaconState, ss, v.SlashValidator)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	newRegistry := newState.Validators()
-
-	// Given the intersection of slashable indices is [1], only validator
-	// at index 1 should be slashed and exited. We confirm this below.
-	if newRegistry[1].ExitEpoch != beaconState.Validators()[1].ExitEpoch {
-		t.Errorf(
-			`
-			Expected validator at index 1's exit epoch to match
-			%d, received %d instead
-			`,
-			beaconState.Validators()[1].ExitEpoch,
-			newRegistry[1].ExitEpoch,
-		)
-	}
-
-	require.Equal(t, uint64(31000000000), newState.Balances()[1])
-	require.Equal(t, uint64(32000000000), newState.Balances()[2])
+			require.Equal(t, tc.slashedBalance, newState.Balances()[1])
+			require.Equal(t, uint64(32000000000), newState.Balances()[2])
+		})
+	}
 }
--- a/beacon-chain/core/blocks/signature.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/core/blocks/signature.go
@@ -96,24 +96,6 @@ func VerifyBlockHeaderSignature(beaconState state.BeaconState, header *ethpb.Sig
 	return signing.VerifyBlockHeaderSigningRoot(header.Header, proposerPubKey, header.Signature, domain)
 }

-func VerifyBlockHeaderSignatureUsingCurrentFork(beaconState state.BeaconState, header *ethpb.SignedBeaconBlockHeader) error {
-	currentEpoch := slots.ToEpoch(header.Header.Slot)
-	fork, err := forks.Fork(currentEpoch)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	domain, err := signing.Domain(fork, currentEpoch, params.BeaconConfig().DomainBeaconProposer, beaconState.GenesisValidatorsRoot())
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	proposer, err := beaconState.ValidatorAtIndex(header.Header.ProposerIndex)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	proposerPubKey := proposer.PublicKey
-	return signing.VerifyBlockHeaderSigningRoot(header.Header, proposerPubKey, header.Signature, domain)
-}
-
 // VerifyBlockSignatureUsingCurrentFork verifies the proposer signature of a beacon block. This differs
 // from the above method by not using fork data from the state and instead retrieving it
 // via the respective epoch.
--- a/beacon-chain/core/electra/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/beacon-chain/core/electra/BUILD.bazel
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ go_library(
        "consolidations.go",
        "deposits.go",
        "effective_balance_updates.go",
+        "error.go",
        "registry_updates.go",
        "transition.go",
        "transition_no_verify_sig.go",
@@ -55,13 +56,16 @@ go_test(
        "deposit_fuzz_test.go",
        "deposits_test.go",
        "effective_balance_updates_test.go",
+        "error_test.go",
        "export_test.go",
        "registry_updates_test.go",
+        "transition_no_verify_sig_test.go",
        "transition_test.go",
        "upgrade_test.go",
        "validator_test.go",
        "withdrawals_test.go",
    ],
+    data = glob(["testdata/**"]),
    embed = [":go_default_library"],
    deps = [
        "//beacon-chain/core/helpers:go_default_library",
@@ -86,6 +90,7 @@ go_test(
        "@com_github_ethereum_go_ethereum//common:go_default_library",
        "@com_github_ethereum_go_ethereum//common/hexutil:go_default_library",
        "@com_github_google_gofuzz//:go_default_library",
+        "@com_github_pkg_errors//:go_default_library",
        "@com_github_sirupsen_logrus//:go_default_library",
        "@com_github_sirupsen_logrus//hooks/test:go_default_library",
    ],
--- a/beacon-chain/core/electra/churn_test.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/core/electra/churn_test.go
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import (
 	"testing"

 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/core/electra"
+	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/core/helpers"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/state"
 	state_native "github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/state/state-native"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/config/params"
@@ -129,6 +130,57 @@ func TestComputeConsolidationEpochAndUpdateChurn(t *testing.T) {
 			expectedEpoch:                         16,           // Flows into another epoch.
 			expectedConsolidationBalanceToConsume: 200000000000, // 200 ETH
 		},
+		{
+			name: "balance to consume is zero, consolidation balance at limit",
+			state: func(t *testing.T) state.BeaconState {
+				activeBal := 32000000000000000 // 32M ETH
+				s, err := state_native.InitializeFromProtoUnsafeElectra(&eth.BeaconStateElectra{
+					Slot:                          slots.UnsafeEpochStart(10),
+					EarliestConsolidationEpoch:    16,
+					ConsolidationBalanceToConsume: 0,
+					Validators:                    createValidatorsWithTotalActiveBalance(primitives.Gwei(activeBal)),
+				})
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+				return s
+			}(t),
+			consolidationBalance:                  helpers.ConsolidationChurnLimit(32000000000000000),
+			expectedEpoch:                         17, // Flows into another epoch.
+			expectedConsolidationBalanceToConsume: 0,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "consolidation balance equals consolidation balance to consume",
+			state: func(t *testing.T) state.BeaconState {
+				activeBal := 32000000000000000 // 32M ETH
+				s, err := state_native.InitializeFromProtoUnsafeElectra(&eth.BeaconStateElectra{
+					Slot:                          slots.UnsafeEpochStart(10),
+					EarliestConsolidationEpoch:    16,
+					ConsolidationBalanceToConsume: helpers.ConsolidationChurnLimit(32000000000000000),
+					Validators:                    createValidatorsWithTotalActiveBalance(primitives.Gwei(activeBal)),
+				})
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+				return s
+			}(t),
+			consolidationBalance:                  helpers.ConsolidationChurnLimit(32000000000000000),
+			expectedEpoch:                         16,
+			expectedConsolidationBalanceToConsume: 0,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "consolidation balance exceeds limit by one",
+			state: func(t *testing.T) state.BeaconState {
+				activeBal := 32000000000000000 // 32M ETH
+				s, err := state_native.InitializeFromProtoUnsafeElectra(&eth.BeaconStateElectra{
+					Slot:                          slots.UnsafeEpochStart(10),
+					EarliestConsolidationEpoch:    16,
+					ConsolidationBalanceToConsume: 0,
+					Validators:                    createValidatorsWithTotalActiveBalance(primitives.Gwei(activeBal)),
+				})
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+				return s
+			}(t),
+			consolidationBalance:                  helpers.ConsolidationChurnLimit(32000000000000000) + 1,
+			expectedEpoch:                         18, // Flows into another epoch.
+			expectedConsolidationBalanceToConsume: helpers.ConsolidationChurnLimit(32000000000000000) - 1,
+		},
 	}

 	for _, tt := range tests {
--- a/beacon-chain/core/electra/consolidations.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/core/electra/consolidations.go
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/pkg/errors"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/core/helpers"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/state"
+	state_native "github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/state/state-native"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/config/params"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/consensus-types/primitives"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/encoding/bytesutil"
@@ -184,6 +185,9 @@ func ProcessConsolidationRequests(ctx context.Context, st state.BeaconState, req
 	pcLimit := params.BeaconConfig().PendingConsolidationsLimit

 	for _, cr := range reqs {
+		if cr == nil {
+			return errors.New("nil consolidation request")
+		}
 		if ctx.Err() != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("cannot process consolidation requests: %w", ctx.Err())
 		}
@@ -233,13 +237,18 @@ func ProcessConsolidationRequests(ctx context.Context, st state.BeaconState, req
 			return fmt.Errorf("failed to fetch source validator: %w", err) // This should never happen.
 		}

+		roSrcV, err := state_native.NewValidator(srcV)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
 		tgtV, err := st.ValidatorAtIndexReadOnly(tgtIdx)
 		if err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("failed to fetch target validator: %w", err) // This should never happen.
 		}

 		// Verify source withdrawal credentials
-		if !helpers.HasExecutionWithdrawalCredentials(srcV) {
+		if !roSrcV.HasExecutionWithdrawalCredentials() {
 			continue
 		}
 		// Confirm source_validator.withdrawal_credentials[12:] == consolidation_request.source_address
@@ -248,7 +257,7 @@ func ProcessConsolidationRequests(ctx context.Context, st state.BeaconState, req
 		}

 		// Target validator must have their withdrawal credentials set appropriately.
-		if !helpers.HasCompoundingWithdrawalCredential(tgtV) {
+		if !tgtV.HasCompoundingWithdrawalCredentials() {
 			continue
 		}

@@ -256,7 +265,7 @@ func ProcessConsolidationRequests(ctx context.Context, st state.BeaconState, req
 		if !helpers.IsActiveValidator(srcV, curEpoch) || !helpers.IsActiveValidatorUsingTrie(tgtV, curEpoch) {
 			continue
 		}
-		// Neither validator are exiting.
+		// Neither validator is exiting.
 		if srcV.ExitEpoch != ffe || tgtV.ExitEpoch() != ffe {
 			continue
 		}
@@ -364,7 +373,7 @@ func IsValidSwitchToCompoundingRequest(st state.BeaconState, req *enginev1.Conso
 		return false
 	}

-	if !helpers.HasETH1WithdrawalCredential(srcV) {
+	if !srcV.HasETH1WithdrawalCredentials() {
 		return false
 	}

--- a/beacon-chain/core/electra/consolidations_test.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/core/electra/consolidations_test.go
@@ -209,7 +209,22 @@ func TestProcessConsolidationRequests(t *testing.T) {
 		state    state.BeaconState
 		reqs     []*enginev1.ConsolidationRequest
 		validate func(*testing.T, state.BeaconState)
+		wantErr  bool
 	}{
+		{
+			name: "nil request",
+			state: func() state.BeaconState {
+				st := &eth.BeaconStateElectra{}
+				s, err := state_native.InitializeFromProtoElectra(st)
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+				return s
+			}(),
+			reqs: []*enginev1.ConsolidationRequest{nil},
+			validate: func(t *testing.T, st state.BeaconState) {
+				require.DeepEqual(t, st, st)
+			},
+			wantErr: true,
+		},
 		{
 			name: "one valid request",
 			state: func() state.BeaconState {
@@ -405,7 +420,13 @@ func TestProcessConsolidationRequests(t *testing.T) {
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			err := electra.ProcessConsolidationRequests(context.TODO(), tt.state, tt.reqs)
-			require.NoError(t, err)
+			if (err != nil) != tt.wantErr {
+				t.Errorf("ProcessWithdrawalRequests() error = %v, wantErr %v", err, tt.wantErr)
+				return
+			}
+			if !tt.wantErr {
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+			}
 			if tt.validate != nil {
 				tt.validate(t, tt.state)
 			}
--- a/beacon-chain/core/electra/deposits.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/core/electra/deposits.go
@@ -385,14 +385,8 @@ func batchProcessNewPendingDeposits(ctx context.Context, state state.BeaconState
 		return errors.Wrap(err, "batch signature verification failed")
 	}

-	pubKeyMap := make(map[[48]byte]struct{}, len(pendingDeposits))
-
 	// Process each deposit individually
 	for _, pendingDeposit := range pendingDeposits {
-		_, found := pubKeyMap[bytesutil.ToBytes48(pendingDeposit.PublicKey)]
-		if !found {
-			pubKeyMap[bytesutil.ToBytes48(pendingDeposit.PublicKey)] = struct{}{}
-		}
 		validSignature := allSignaturesVerified

 		// If batch verification failed, check the individual deposit signature
@@ -410,7 +404,8 @@ func batchProcessNewPendingDeposits(ctx context.Context, state state.BeaconState

 		// Add validator to the registry if the signature is valid
 		if validSignature {
-			if found {
+			_, has := state.ValidatorIndexByPubkey(bytesutil.ToBytes48(pendingDeposit.PublicKey))
+			if has {
 				index, _ := state.ValidatorIndexByPubkey(bytesutil.ToBytes48(pendingDeposit.PublicKey))
 				if err := helpers.IncreaseBalance(state, index, pendingDeposit.Amount); err != nil {
 					return errors.Wrap(err, "could not increase balance")
@@ -592,10 +587,10 @@ func processDepositRequest(beaconState state.BeaconState, request *enginev1.Depo
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "could not get deposit requests start index")
 	}
+	if request == nil {
+		return nil, errors.New("nil deposit request")
+	}
 	if requestsStartIndex == params.BeaconConfig().UnsetDepositRequestsStartIndex {
-		if request == nil {
-			return nil, errors.New("nil deposit request")
-		}
 		if err := beaconState.SetDepositRequestsStartIndex(request.Index); err != nil {
 			return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "could not set deposit requests start index")
 		}
--- a/beacon-chain/core/electra/deposits_test.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/core/electra/deposits_test.go
@@ -333,6 +333,7 @@ func TestProcessDepositRequests(t *testing.T) {
 	st, _ := util.DeterministicGenesisStateElectra(t, 1)
 	sk, err := bls.RandKey()
 	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.NoError(t, st.SetDepositRequestsStartIndex(1))

 	t.Run("empty requests continues", func(t *testing.T) {
 		newSt, err := electra.ProcessDepositRequests(context.Background(), st, []*enginev1.DepositRequest{})
--- a/beacon-chain/core/electra/effective_balance_updates.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/core/electra/effective_balance_updates.go
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package electra
 import (
 	"fmt"

-	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/core/helpers"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/state"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/config/params"
 	ethpb "github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/proto/prysm/v1alpha1"
@@ -40,7 +39,7 @@ func ProcessEffectiveBalanceUpdates(st state.BeaconState) error {

 	// Update effective balances with hysteresis.
 	validatorFunc := func(idx int, val state.ReadOnlyValidator) (newVal *ethpb.Validator, err error) {
-		if val == nil {
+		if val.IsNil() {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("validator %d is nil in state", idx)
 		}
 		if idx >= len(bals) {
@@ -49,7 +48,7 @@ func ProcessEffectiveBalanceUpdates(st state.BeaconState) error {
 		balance := bals[idx]

 		effectiveBalanceLimit := params.BeaconConfig().MinActivationBalance
-		if helpers.HasCompoundingWithdrawalCredential(val) {
+		if val.HasCompoundingWithdrawalCredentials() {
 			effectiveBalanceLimit = params.BeaconConfig().MaxEffectiveBalanceElectra
 		}

--- a/beacon-chain/core/electra/effective_balance_updates_test.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/core/electra/effective_balance_updates_test.go
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ func TestProcessEffectiveBalnceUpdates(t *testing.T) {
 					Validators: []*eth.Validator{
 						{
 							EffectiveBalance:      params.BeaconConfig().MinActivationBalance / 2,
-							WithdrawalCredentials: nil,
+							WithdrawalCredentials: make([]byte, 32),
 						},
 					},
 					Balances: []uint64{
--- a/beacon-chain/core/electra/error.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/core/electra/error.go
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+package electra
+
+import "github.com/pkg/errors"
+
+type execReqErr struct {
+	error
+}
+
+// IsExecutionRequestError returns true if the error has `execReqErr`.
+func IsExecutionRequestError(e error) bool {
+	if e == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	var d execReqErr
+	return errors.As(e, &d)
+}
--- a/beacon-chain/core/electra/error_test.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/core/electra/error_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+package electra
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+)
+
+func TestIsExecutionRequestError(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name string
+		err  error
+		want bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "nil error",
+			err:  nil,
+			want: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "random error",
+			err:  errors.New("some error"),
+			want: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "execution request error",
+			err:  execReqErr{errors.New("execution request failed")},
+			want: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "wrapped execution request error",
+			err:  errors.Wrap(execReqErr{errors.New("execution request failed")}, "wrapped"),
+			want: true,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got := IsExecutionRequestError(tt.err)
+			if got != tt.want {
+				t.Errorf("IsExecutionRequestError(%v) = %v, want %v", tt.err, got, tt.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
--- a/beacon-chain/core/electra/transition_no_verify_sig.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/core/electra/transition_no_verify_sig.go
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ package electra

 import (
 	"context"
-	"fmt"

 	"github.com/pkg/errors"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/core/blocks"
@@ -82,16 +81,31 @@ func ProcessOperations(
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "could not get execution requests")
 	}
+	for _, d := range requests.Deposits {
+		if d == nil {
+			return nil, errors.New("nil deposit request")
+		}
+	}
 	st, err = ProcessDepositRequests(ctx, st, requests.Deposits)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "could not process deposit requests")
+		return nil, execReqErr{errors.Wrap(err, "could not process deposit requests")}
+	}
+	for _, w := range requests.Withdrawals {
+		if w == nil {
+			return nil, errors.New("nil withdrawal request")
+		}
 	}
 	st, err = ProcessWithdrawalRequests(ctx, st, requests.Withdrawals)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "could not process withdrawal requests")
+		return nil, execReqErr{errors.Wrap(err, "could not process withdrawal requests")}
+	}
+	for _, c := range requests.Consolidations {
+		if c == nil {
+			return nil, errors.New("nil consolidation request")
+		}
 	}
 	if err := ProcessConsolidationRequests(ctx, st, requests.Consolidations); err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("could not process consolidation requests: %w", err)
+		return nil, execReqErr{errors.Wrap(err, "could not process consolidation requests")}
 	}
 	return st, nil
 }
--- a/beacon-chain/core/electra/transition_no_verify_sig_test.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/core/electra/transition_no_verify_sig_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+package electra_test
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/core/electra"
+	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/consensus-types/blocks"
+	enginev1 "github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/proto/engine/v1"
+	ethpb "github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/proto/prysm/v1alpha1"
+	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/testing/require"
+	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/testing/util"
+)
+
+func TestProcessOperationsWithNilRequests(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name      string
+		modifyBlk func(blockElectra *ethpb.SignedBeaconBlockElectra)
+		errMsg    string
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "Nil deposit request",
+			modifyBlk: func(blk *ethpb.SignedBeaconBlockElectra) {
+				blk.Block.Body.ExecutionRequests.Deposits = []*enginev1.DepositRequest{nil}
+			},
+			errMsg: "nil deposit request",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Nil withdrawal request",
+			modifyBlk: func(blk *ethpb.SignedBeaconBlockElectra) {
+				blk.Block.Body.ExecutionRequests.Withdrawals = []*enginev1.WithdrawalRequest{nil}
+			},
+			errMsg: "nil withdrawal request",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Nil consolidation request",
+			modifyBlk: func(blk *ethpb.SignedBeaconBlockElectra) {
+				blk.Block.Body.ExecutionRequests.Consolidations = []*enginev1.ConsolidationRequest{nil}
+			},
+			errMsg: "nil consolidation request",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range tests {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			st, ks := util.DeterministicGenesisStateElectra(t, 128)
+			blk, err := util.GenerateFullBlockElectra(st, ks, util.DefaultBlockGenConfig(), 1)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			tc.modifyBlk(blk)
+
+			b, err := blocks.NewSignedBeaconBlock(blk)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			require.NoError(t, st.SetSlot(1))
+
+			_, err = electra.ProcessOperations(context.Background(), st, b.Block())
+			require.ErrorContains(t, tc.errMsg, err)
+		})
+	}
+}
--- a/beacon-chain/core/electra/upgrade.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/core/electra/upgrade.go
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ func UpgradeToElectra(beaconState state.BeaconState) (state.BeaconState, error)
 		if val.ActivationEpoch() == params.BeaconConfig().FarFutureEpoch {
 			preActivationIndices = append(preActivationIndices, primitives.ValidatorIndex(index))
 		}
-		if helpers.HasCompoundingWithdrawalCredential(val) {
+		if val.HasCompoundingWithdrawalCredentials() {
 			compoundWithdrawalIndices = append(compoundWithdrawalIndices, primitives.ValidatorIndex(index))
 		}
 		return nil
--- a/beacon-chain/core/electra/withdrawals.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/core/electra/withdrawals.go
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ func ProcessWithdrawalRequests(ctx context.Context, st state.BeaconState, wrs []
 			return nil, err
 		}
 		// Verify withdrawal credentials
-		hasCorrectCredential := helpers.HasExecutionWithdrawalCredentials(validator)
+		hasCorrectCredential := validator.HasExecutionWithdrawalCredentials()
 		wc := validator.GetWithdrawalCredentials()
 		isCorrectSourceAddress := bytes.Equal(wc[12:], wr.SourceAddress)
 		if !hasCorrectCredential || !isCorrectSourceAddress {
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ func ProcessWithdrawalRequests(ctx context.Context, st state.BeaconState, wrs []
 		hasExcessBalance := vBal > params.BeaconConfig().MinActivationBalance+pendingBalanceToWithdraw

 		// Only allow partial withdrawals with compounding withdrawal credentials
-		if helpers.HasCompoundingWithdrawalCredential(validator) && hasSufficientEffectiveBalance && hasExcessBalance {
+		if validator.HasCompoundingWithdrawalCredentials() && hasSufficientEffectiveBalance && hasExcessBalance {
 			// Spec definition:
 			//  to_withdraw = min(
 			//	  state.balances[index] - MIN_ACTIVATION_BALANCE - pending_balance_to_withdraw,
--- a/beacon-chain/core/electra/withdrawals_test.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/core/electra/withdrawals_test.go
@@ -38,6 +38,17 @@ func TestProcessWithdrawRequests(t *testing.T) {
 		wantFn  func(t *testing.T, got state.BeaconState)
 		wantErr bool
 	}{
+		{
+			name: "nil request",
+			args: args{
+				st:  func() state.BeaconState { return st }(),
+				wrs: []*enginev1.WithdrawalRequest{nil},
+			},
+			wantErr: true,
+			wantFn: func(t *testing.T, got state.BeaconState) {
+				require.DeepEqual(t, got, nil)
+			},
+		},
 		{
 			name: "happy path exit and withdrawal only",
 			args: args{
--- a/beacon-chain/core/feed/operation/events.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/core/feed/operation/events.go
@@ -33,8 +33,8 @@ const (
 	// AttesterSlashingReceived is sent after an attester slashing is received from gossip or rpc
 	AttesterSlashingReceived = 8

-	// DataColumnSidecarReceived is sent after a data column sidecar is received from gossip or rpc.
-	DataColumnSidecarReceived = 9
+	// SingleAttReceived is sent after a single attestation object is received from gossip or rpc
+	SingleAttReceived = 9
 )

 // UnAggregatedAttReceivedData is the data sent with UnaggregatedAttReceived events.
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ type UnAggregatedAttReceivedData struct {
 // AggregatedAttReceivedData is the data sent with AggregatedAttReceived events.
 type AggregatedAttReceivedData struct {
 	// Attestation is the aggregated attestation object.
-	Attestation *ethpb.AggregateAttestationAndProof
+	Attestation ethpb.AggregateAttAndProof
 }

 // ExitReceivedData is the data sent with ExitReceived events.
@@ -81,6 +81,7 @@ type AttesterSlashingReceivedData struct {
 	AttesterSlashing ethpb.AttSlashing
 }

-type DataColumnSidecarReceivedData struct {
-	DataColumn *blocks.VerifiedRODataColumn
+// SingleAttReceivedData is the data sent with SingleAttReceived events.
+type SingleAttReceivedData struct {
+	Attestation ethpb.Att
 }
--- a/beacon-chain/core/fulu/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/beacon-chain/core/fulu/BUILD.bazel
@@ -6,15 +6,12 @@ go_library(
    importpath = "github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/core/fulu",
    visibility = ["//visibility:public"],
    deps = [
-        "//beacon-chain/core/helpers:go_default_library",
        "//beacon-chain/core/time:go_default_library",
        "//beacon-chain/state:go_default_library",
        "//beacon-chain/state/state-native:go_default_library",
        "//config/params:go_default_library",
-        "//consensus-types/primitives:go_default_library",
        "//proto/engine/v1:go_default_library",
        "//proto/prysm/v1alpha1:go_default_library",
-        "//time/slots:go_default_library",
        "@com_github_pkg_errors//:go_default_library",
    ],
 )
@@ -24,7 +21,6 @@ go_test(
    srcs = ["upgrade_test.go"],
    deps = [
        ":go_default_library",
-        "//beacon-chain/core/helpers:go_default_library",
        "//beacon-chain/core/time:go_default_library",
        "//config/params:go_default_library",
        "//consensus-types/primitives:go_default_library",
@@ -32,6 +28,5 @@ go_test(
        "//proto/prysm/v1alpha1:go_default_library",
        "//testing/require:go_default_library",
        "//testing/util:go_default_library",
-        "//time/slots:go_default_library",
    ],
 )
--- a/beacon-chain/core/fulu/upgrade.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/core/fulu/upgrade.go
@@ -1,18 +1,13 @@
 package fulu

 import (
-	"sort"
-
 	"github.com/pkg/errors"
-	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/core/helpers"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/core/time"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/state"
 	state_native "github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/state/state-native"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/config/params"
-	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/consensus-types/primitives"
 	enginev1 "github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/proto/engine/v1"
 	ethpb "github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/proto/prysm/v1alpha1"
-	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/time/slots"
 )

 // UpgradeToFulu updates inputs a generic state to return the version Fulu state.
@@ -74,35 +69,40 @@ func UpgradeToFulu(beaconState state.BeaconState) (state.BeaconState, error) {
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-
-	earliestExitEpoch := helpers.ActivationExitEpoch(time.CurrentEpoch(beaconState))
-	preActivationIndices := make([]primitives.ValidatorIndex, 0)
-	compoundWithdrawalIndices := make([]primitives.ValidatorIndex, 0)
-	if err = beaconState.ReadFromEveryValidator(func(index int, val state.ReadOnlyValidator) error {
-		if val.ExitEpoch() != params.BeaconConfig().FarFutureEpoch && val.ExitEpoch() > earliestExitEpoch {
-			earliestExitEpoch = val.ExitEpoch()
-		}
-		if val.ActivationEpoch() == params.BeaconConfig().FarFutureEpoch {
-			preActivationIndices = append(preActivationIndices, primitives.ValidatorIndex(index))
-		}
-		if helpers.HasCompoundingWithdrawalCredential(val) {
-			compoundWithdrawalIndices = append(compoundWithdrawalIndices, primitives.ValidatorIndex(index))
-		}
-		return nil
-	}); err != nil {
+	depositBalanceToConsume, err := beaconState.DepositBalanceToConsume()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	exitBalanceToConsume, err := beaconState.ExitBalanceToConsume()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	earliestExitEpoch, err := beaconState.EarliestExitEpoch()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	consolidationBalanceToConsume, err := beaconState.ConsolidationBalanceToConsume()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	earliestConsolidationEpoch, err := beaconState.EarliestConsolidationEpoch()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	pendingDeposits, err := beaconState.PendingDeposits()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	pendingPartialWithdrawals, err := beaconState.PendingPartialWithdrawals()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	pendingConsolidations, err := beaconState.PendingConsolidations()
+	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}

-	earliestExitEpoch++ // Increment to find the earliest possible exit epoch
-
-	// note: should be the same in prestate and post beaconState.
-	// we are deviating from the specs a bit as it calls for using the post beaconState
-	tab, err := helpers.TotalActiveBalance(beaconState)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "failed to get total active balance")
-	}
-
-	s := &ethpb.BeaconStateFulu{
+	s := &ethpb.BeaconStateElectra{
 		GenesisTime:           beaconState.GenesisTime(),
 		GenesisValidatorsRoot: beaconState.GenesisValidatorsRoot(),
 		Slot:                  beaconState.Slot(),
@@ -155,25 +155,16 @@ func UpgradeToFulu(beaconState state.BeaconState) (state.BeaconState, error) {
 		HistoricalSummaries:          summaries,

 		DepositRequestsStartIndex:     params.BeaconConfig().UnsetDepositRequestsStartIndex,
-		DepositBalanceToConsume:       0,
-		ExitBalanceToConsume:          helpers.ActivationExitChurnLimit(primitives.Gwei(tab)),
+		DepositBalanceToConsume:       depositBalanceToConsume,
+		ExitBalanceToConsume:          exitBalanceToConsume,
 		EarliestExitEpoch:             earliestExitEpoch,
-		ConsolidationBalanceToConsume: helpers.ConsolidationChurnLimit(primitives.Gwei(tab)),
-		EarliestConsolidationEpoch:    helpers.ActivationExitEpoch(slots.ToEpoch(beaconState.Slot())),
-		PendingDeposits:               make([]*ethpb.PendingDeposit, 0),
-		PendingPartialWithdrawals:     make([]*ethpb.PendingPartialWithdrawal, 0),
-		PendingConsolidations:         make([]*ethpb.PendingConsolidation, 0),
+		ConsolidationBalanceToConsume: consolidationBalanceToConsume,
+		EarliestConsolidationEpoch:    earliestConsolidationEpoch,
+		PendingDeposits:               pendingDeposits,
+		PendingPartialWithdrawals:     pendingPartialWithdrawals,
+		PendingConsolidations:         pendingConsolidations,
 	}

-	// Sorting preActivationIndices based on a custom criteria
-	sort.Slice(preActivationIndices, func(i, j int) bool {
-		// Comparing based on ActivationEligibilityEpoch and then by index if the epochs are the same
-		if s.Validators[preActivationIndices[i]].ActivationEligibilityEpoch == s.Validators[preActivationIndices[j]].ActivationEligibilityEpoch {
-			return preActivationIndices[i] < preActivationIndices[j]
-		}
-		return s.Validators[preActivationIndices[i]].ActivationEligibilityEpoch < s.Validators[preActivationIndices[j]].ActivationEligibilityEpoch
-	})
-
 	// Need to cast the beaconState to use in helper functions
 	post, err := state_native.InitializeFromProtoUnsafeFulu(s)
 	if err != nil {
--- a/beacon-chain/core/fulu/upgrade_test.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/core/fulu/upgrade_test.go
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import (
 	"testing"

 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/core/fulu"
-	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/core/helpers"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/core/time"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/config/params"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/consensus-types/primitives"
@@ -12,7 +11,6 @@ import (
 	ethpb "github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/proto/prysm/v1alpha1"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/testing/require"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/testing/util"
-	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/time/slots"
 )

 func TestUpgradeToFulu(t *testing.T) {
@@ -33,57 +31,6 @@ func TestUpgradeToFulu(t *testing.T) {
 	require.Equal(t, preForkState.GenesisTime(), mSt.GenesisTime())
 	require.DeepSSZEqual(t, preForkState.GenesisValidatorsRoot(), mSt.GenesisValidatorsRoot())
 	require.Equal(t, preForkState.Slot(), mSt.Slot())
-	require.DeepSSZEqual(t, preForkState.LatestBlockHeader(), mSt.LatestBlockHeader())
-	require.DeepSSZEqual(t, preForkState.BlockRoots(), mSt.BlockRoots())
-	require.DeepSSZEqual(t, preForkState.StateRoots(), mSt.StateRoots())
-	require.DeepSSZEqual(t, preForkState.Validators()[2:], mSt.Validators()[2:])
-	require.DeepSSZEqual(t, preForkState.Balances()[2:], mSt.Balances()[2:])
-	require.DeepSSZEqual(t, preForkState.Eth1Data(), mSt.Eth1Data())
-	require.DeepSSZEqual(t, preForkState.Eth1DataVotes(), mSt.Eth1DataVotes())
-	require.DeepSSZEqual(t, preForkState.Eth1DepositIndex(), mSt.Eth1DepositIndex())
-	require.DeepSSZEqual(t, preForkState.RandaoMixes(), mSt.RandaoMixes())
-	require.DeepSSZEqual(t, preForkState.Slashings(), mSt.Slashings())
-	require.DeepSSZEqual(t, preForkState.JustificationBits(), mSt.JustificationBits())
-	require.DeepSSZEqual(t, preForkState.PreviousJustifiedCheckpoint(), mSt.PreviousJustifiedCheckpoint())
-	require.DeepSSZEqual(t, preForkState.CurrentJustifiedCheckpoint(), mSt.CurrentJustifiedCheckpoint())
-	require.DeepSSZEqual(t, preForkState.FinalizedCheckpoint(), mSt.FinalizedCheckpoint())
-
-	require.Equal(t, len(preForkState.Validators()), len(mSt.Validators()))
-
-	preVal, err := preForkState.ValidatorAtIndex(0)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.Equal(t, params.BeaconConfig().MaxEffectiveBalance, preVal.EffectiveBalance)
-
-	preVal2, err := preForkState.ValidatorAtIndex(1)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.Equal(t, params.BeaconConfig().MaxEffectiveBalance, preVal2.EffectiveBalance)
-
-	// TODO: Fix this test
-	// mVal, err := mSt.ValidatorAtIndex(0)
-	_, err = mSt.ValidatorAtIndex(0)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	// require.Equal(t, uint64(0), mVal.EffectiveBalance)
-
-	mVal2, err := mSt.ValidatorAtIndex(1)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.Equal(t, params.BeaconConfig().MinActivationBalance, mVal2.EffectiveBalance)
-
-	numValidators := mSt.NumValidators()
-	p, err := mSt.PreviousEpochParticipation()
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.DeepSSZEqual(t, make([]byte, numValidators), p)
-	p, err = mSt.CurrentEpochParticipation()
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.DeepSSZEqual(t, make([]byte, numValidators), p)
-	s, err := mSt.InactivityScores()
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.DeepSSZEqual(t, make([]uint64, numValidators), s)
-
-	hr1, err := preForkState.HistoricalRoots()
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	hr2, err := mSt.HistoricalRoots()
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.DeepEqual(t, hr1, hr2)

 	f := mSt.Fork()
 	require.DeepSSZEqual(t, &ethpb.Fork{
@@ -91,11 +38,50 @@ func TestUpgradeToFulu(t *testing.T) {
 		CurrentVersion:  params.BeaconConfig().FuluForkVersion,
 		Epoch:           time.CurrentEpoch(st),
 	}, f)
+
+	require.DeepSSZEqual(t, preForkState.LatestBlockHeader(), mSt.LatestBlockHeader())
+	require.DeepSSZEqual(t, preForkState.BlockRoots(), mSt.BlockRoots())
+	require.DeepSSZEqual(t, preForkState.StateRoots(), mSt.StateRoots())
+
+	hr1, err := preForkState.HistoricalRoots()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	hr2, err := mSt.HistoricalRoots()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.DeepEqual(t, hr1, hr2)
+
+	require.DeepSSZEqual(t, preForkState.Eth1Data(), mSt.Eth1Data())
+	require.DeepSSZEqual(t, preForkState.Eth1DataVotes(), mSt.Eth1DataVotes())
+	require.DeepSSZEqual(t, preForkState.Eth1DepositIndex(), mSt.Eth1DepositIndex())
+	require.DeepSSZEqual(t, preForkState.Validators(), mSt.Validators())
+	require.DeepSSZEqual(t, preForkState.Balances(), mSt.Balances())
+	require.DeepSSZEqual(t, preForkState.RandaoMixes(), mSt.RandaoMixes())
+	require.DeepSSZEqual(t, preForkState.Slashings(), mSt.Slashings())
+
+	numValidators := mSt.NumValidators()
+
+	p, err := mSt.PreviousEpochParticipation()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.DeepSSZEqual(t, make([]byte, numValidators), p)
+
+	p, err = mSt.CurrentEpochParticipation()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.DeepSSZEqual(t, make([]byte, numValidators), p)
+
+	require.DeepSSZEqual(t, preForkState.JustificationBits(), mSt.JustificationBits())
+	require.DeepSSZEqual(t, preForkState.PreviousJustifiedCheckpoint(), mSt.PreviousJustifiedCheckpoint())
+	require.DeepSSZEqual(t, preForkState.CurrentJustifiedCheckpoint(), mSt.CurrentJustifiedCheckpoint())
+	require.DeepSSZEqual(t, preForkState.FinalizedCheckpoint(), mSt.FinalizedCheckpoint())
+
+	s, err := mSt.InactivityScores()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.DeepSSZEqual(t, make([]uint64, numValidators), s)
+
 	csc, err := mSt.CurrentSyncCommittee()
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	psc, err := preForkState.CurrentSyncCommittee()
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.DeepSSZEqual(t, psc, csc)
+
 	nsc, err := mSt.NextSyncCommittee()
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	psc, err = preForkState.NextSyncCommittee()
@@ -110,7 +96,6 @@ func TestUpgradeToFulu(t *testing.T) {
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	txRoot, err := prevHeader.TransactionsRoot()
 	require.NoError(t, err)
-
 	wdRoot, err := prevHeader.WithdrawalsRoot()
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	wanted := &enginev1.ExecutionPayloadHeaderDeneb{
@@ -144,45 +129,57 @@ func TestUpgradeToFulu(t *testing.T) {
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.Equal(t, 0, len(summaries))

-	startIndex, err := mSt.DepositRequestsStartIndex()
+	preDepositRequestsStartIndex, err := preForkState.DepositRequestsStartIndex()
 	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.Equal(t, params.BeaconConfig().UnsetDepositRequestsStartIndex, startIndex)
+	postDepositRequestsStartIndex, err := mSt.DepositRequestsStartIndex()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Equal(t, preDepositRequestsStartIndex, postDepositRequestsStartIndex)

-	balance, err := mSt.DepositBalanceToConsume()
+	preDepositBalanceToConsume, err := preForkState.DepositBalanceToConsume()
 	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.Equal(t, primitives.Gwei(0), balance)
+	postDepositBalanceToConsume, err := mSt.DepositBalanceToConsume()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Equal(t, preDepositBalanceToConsume, postDepositBalanceToConsume)

-	tab, err := helpers.TotalActiveBalance(mSt)
+	preExitBalanceToConsume, err := preForkState.ExitBalanceToConsume()
 	require.NoError(t, err)
+	postExitBalanceToConsume, err := mSt.ExitBalanceToConsume()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Equal(t, preExitBalanceToConsume, postExitBalanceToConsume)

-	ebtc, err := mSt.ExitBalanceToConsume()
+	preEarliestExitEpoch, err := preForkState.EarliestExitEpoch()
 	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.Equal(t, helpers.ActivationExitChurnLimit(primitives.Gwei(tab)), ebtc)
+	postEarliestExitEpoch, err := mSt.EarliestExitEpoch()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Equal(t, preEarliestExitEpoch, postEarliestExitEpoch)

-	eee, err := mSt.EarliestExitEpoch()
+	preConsolidationBalanceToConsume, err := preForkState.ConsolidationBalanceToConsume()
 	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.Equal(t, helpers.ActivationExitEpoch(primitives.Epoch(1)), eee)
+	postConsolidationBalanceToConsume, err := mSt.ConsolidationBalanceToConsume()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Equal(t, preConsolidationBalanceToConsume, postConsolidationBalanceToConsume)

-	cbtc, err := mSt.ConsolidationBalanceToConsume()
+	preEarliesConsolidationEoch, err := preForkState.EarliestConsolidationEpoch()
 	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.Equal(t, helpers.ConsolidationChurnLimit(primitives.Gwei(tab)), cbtc)
+	postEarliestConsolidationEpoch, err := mSt.EarliestConsolidationEpoch()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Equal(t, preEarliesConsolidationEoch, postEarliestConsolidationEpoch)

-	earliestConsolidationEpoch, err := mSt.EarliestConsolidationEpoch()
+	prePendingDeposits, err := preForkState.PendingDeposits()
 	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.Equal(t, helpers.ActivationExitEpoch(slots.ToEpoch(preForkState.Slot())), earliestConsolidationEpoch)
+	postPendingDeposits, err := mSt.PendingDeposits()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.DeepSSZEqual(t, prePendingDeposits, postPendingDeposits)

-	// TODO: Fix this test
-	// pendingDeposits, err := mSt.PendingDeposits()
-	_, err = mSt.PendingDeposits()
+	prePendingPartialWithdrawals, err := preForkState.PendingPartialWithdrawals()
 	require.NoError(t, err)
-	// require.Equal(t, 2, len(pendingDeposits))
-	// require.Equal(t, uint64(1000), pendingDeposits[1].Amount)
+	postPendingPartialWithdrawals, err := mSt.PendingPartialWithdrawals()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.DeepSSZEqual(t, prePendingPartialWithdrawals, postPendingPartialWithdrawals)

-	numPendingPartialWithdrawals, err := mSt.NumPendingPartialWithdrawals()
+	prePendingConsolidations, err := preForkState.PendingConsolidations()
 	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.Equal(t, uint64(0), numPendingPartialWithdrawals)
-
-	consolidations, err := mSt.PendingConsolidations()
+	postPendingConsolidations, err := mSt.PendingConsolidations()
 	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.Equal(t, 0, len(consolidations))
+	require.DeepSSZEqual(t, prePendingConsolidations, postPendingConsolidations)
 }
--- a/beacon-chain/core/helpers/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/beacon-chain/core/helpers/BUILD.bazel
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ go_library(
        "beacon_committee.go",
        "block.go",
        "genesis.go",
+        "legacy.go",
        "metrics.go",
        "randao.go",
        "rewards_penalties.go",
@@ -25,7 +26,6 @@ go_library(
        "//beacon-chain/state:go_default_library",
        "//config/fieldparams:go_default_library",
        "//config/params:go_default_library",
-        "//consensus-types/interfaces:go_default_library",
        "//consensus-types/primitives:go_default_library",
        "//container/slice:go_default_library",
        "//container/trie:go_default_library",
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ go_test(
        "attestation_test.go",
        "beacon_committee_test.go",
        "block_test.go",
+        "legacy_test.go",
        "private_access_fuzz_noop_test.go",  # keep
        "private_access_test.go",
        "randao_test.go",
@@ -87,5 +88,6 @@ go_test(
        "//time:go_default_library",
        "//time/slots:go_default_library",
        "@com_github_prysmaticlabs_go_bitfield//:go_default_library",
+        "@com_github_stretchr_testify//require:go_default_library",
    ],
 )
--- a/beacon-chain/core/helpers/attestation.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/core/helpers/attestation.go
@@ -32,6 +32,9 @@ func ValidateNilAttestation(attestation ethpb.Att) error {
 	if attestation.GetData().Target == nil {
 		return errors.New("attestation's target can't be nil")
 	}
+	if attestation.IsSingle() {
+		return nil
+	}
 	if attestation.GetAggregationBits() == nil {
 		return errors.New("attestation's bitfield can't be nil")
 	}
--- a/beacon-chain/core/helpers/attestation_test.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/core/helpers/attestation_test.go
@@ -308,6 +308,16 @@ func TestValidateNilAttestation(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			errString: "",
 		},
+		{
+			name: "single attestation",
+			attestation: &ethpb.SingleAttestation{
+				Data: &ethpb.AttestationData{
+					Target: &ethpb.Checkpoint{},
+					Source: &ethpb.Checkpoint{},
+				},
+			},
+			errString: "",
+		},
 	}
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
--- a/beacon-chain/core/helpers/beacon_committee_test.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/core/helpers/beacon_committee_test.go
@@ -97,6 +97,13 @@ func TestVerifyBitfieldLength_OK(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.NoError(t, helpers.VerifyBitfieldLength(bf, committeeSize), "Bitfield is not validated when it was supposed to be")
 }

+func TestVerifyBitfieldLength_Incorrect(t *testing.T) {
+	helpers.ClearCache()
+
+	bf := bitfield.NewBitlist(1)
+	require.ErrorContains(t, "wanted participants bitfield length 2, got: 1", helpers.VerifyBitfieldLength(bf, 2))
+}
+
 func TestCommitteeAssignments_CannotRetrieveFutureEpoch(t *testing.T) {
 	helpers.ClearCache()

--- a/beacon-chain/core/helpers/legacy.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/core/helpers/legacy.go
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+package helpers
+
+import (
+	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/state"
+	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/runtime/version"
+)
+
+// DepositRequestsStarted determines if the deposit requests have started.
+func DepositRequestsStarted(beaconState state.BeaconState) bool {
+	if beaconState.Version() < version.Electra {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	requestsStartIndex, err := beaconState.DepositRequestsStartIndex()
+	if err != nil {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	return beaconState.Eth1DepositIndex() == requestsStartIndex
+}
--- a/beacon-chain/core/helpers/legacy_test.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/core/helpers/legacy_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+package helpers_test
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/core/helpers"
+	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/testing/util"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+// TestDepositRequestHaveStarted contains several test cases for depositRequestHaveStarted.
+func TestDepositRequestHaveStarted(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("Version below Electra returns false", func(t *testing.T) {
+		st, _ := util.DeterministicGenesisStateBellatrix(t, 1)
+		result := helpers.DepositRequestsStarted(st)
+		require.False(t, result)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Version is Electra or higher, no error, but Eth1DepositIndex != requestsStartIndex returns false", func(t *testing.T) {
+		st, _ := util.DeterministicGenesisStateElectra(t, 1)
+		require.NoError(t, st.SetEth1DepositIndex(1))
+		result := helpers.DepositRequestsStarted(st)
+		require.False(t, result)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Version is Electra or higher, no error, and Eth1DepositIndex == requestsStartIndex returns true", func(t *testing.T) {
+		st, _ := util.DeterministicGenesisStateElectra(t, 1)
+		require.NoError(t, st.SetEth1DepositIndex(33))
+		require.NoError(t, st.SetDepositRequestsStartIndex(33))
+		result := helpers.DepositRequestsStarted(st)
+		require.True(t, result)
+	})
+}
--- a/beacon-chain/core/helpers/sync_committee_test.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/core/helpers/sync_committee_test.go
@@ -78,7 +78,6 @@ func TestIsCurrentEpochSyncCommittee_UsingCommittee(t *testing.T) {

 func TestIsCurrentEpochSyncCommittee_DoesNotExist(t *testing.T) {
 	helpers.ClearCache()
-	params.SetupTestConfigCleanup(t)

 	validators := make([]*ethpb.Validator, params.BeaconConfig().SyncCommitteeSize)
 	syncCommittee := &ethpb.SyncCommittee{
@@ -265,7 +264,6 @@ func TestCurrentEpochSyncSubcommitteeIndices_UsingCommittee(t *testing.T) {
 }

 func TestCurrentEpochSyncSubcommitteeIndices_DoesNotExist(t *testing.T) {
-	params.SetupTestConfigCleanup(t)
 	helpers.ClearCache()

 	validators := make([]*ethpb.Validator, params.BeaconConfig().SyncCommitteeSize)
--- a/beacon-chain/core/helpers/validator_churn.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/core/helpers/validator_churn.go
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ import (
 func BalanceChurnLimit(activeBalance primitives.Gwei) primitives.Gwei {
 	churn := max(
 		params.BeaconConfig().MinPerEpochChurnLimitElectra,
-		(uint64(activeBalance) / params.BeaconConfig().ChurnLimitQuotient),
+		uint64(activeBalance)/params.BeaconConfig().ChurnLimitQuotient,
 	)
 	return primitives.Gwei(churn - churn%params.BeaconConfig().EffectiveBalanceIncrement)
 }
--- a/beacon-chain/core/helpers/validators.go
+++ b/beacon-chain/core/helpers/validators.go
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/beacon-chain/state"
 	fieldparams "github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/config/fieldparams"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/config/params"
-	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/consensus-types/interfaces"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/consensus-types/primitives"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/crypto/hash"
 	"github.com/prysmaticlabs/prysm/v5/encoding/bytesutil"
@@ -394,9 +393,9 @@ func ComputeProposerIndex(bState state.ReadOnlyBeaconState, activeIndices []prim
 		effectiveBal := v.EffectiveBalance()
 		if bState.Version() >= version.Electra {
 			binary.LittleEndian.PutUint64(seedBuffer[len(seed):], i/16)
-			randomByte := hashFunc(seedBuffer)
+			randomBytes := hashFunc(seedBuffer)
 			offset := (i % 16) * 2
-			randomValue := uint64(randomByte[offset]) | uint64(randomByte[offset+1])<<8
+			randomValue := uint64(randomBytes[offset]) | uint64(randomBytes[offset+1])<<8

 			if effectiveBal*fieldparams.MaxRandomValueElectra >= beaconConfig.MaxEffectiveBalanceElectra*randomValue {
 				return candidateIndex, nil
@@ -515,63 +514,6 @@ func LastActivatedValidatorIndex(ctx context.Context, st state.ReadOnlyBeaconSta
 	return lastActivatedvalidatorIndex, nil
 }

-// hasETH1WithdrawalCredential returns whether the validator has an ETH1
-// Withdrawal prefix. It assumes that the caller has a lock on the state
-func HasETH1WithdrawalCredential(val interfaces.WithWithdrawalCredentials) bool {
-	if val == nil {
-		return false
-	}
-	return isETH1WithdrawalCredential(val.GetWithdrawalCredentials())
-}
-
-func isETH1WithdrawalCredential(creds []byte) bool {
-	return bytes.HasPrefix(creds, []byte{params.BeaconConfig().ETH1AddressWithdrawalPrefixByte})
-}
-
-// HasCompoundingWithdrawalCredential checks if the validator has a compounding withdrawal credential.
-// New in Electra EIP-7251: https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-7251
-//
-// Spec definition:
-//
-//	def has_compounding_withdrawal_credential(validator: Validator) -> bool:
-//	    """
-//	    Check if ``validator`` has an 0x02 prefixed "compounding" withdrawal credential.
-//	    """
-//	    return is_compounding_withdrawal_credential(validator.withdrawal_credentials)
-func HasCompoundingWithdrawalCredential(v interfaces.WithWithdrawalCredentials) bool {
-	if v == nil {
-		return false
-	}
-	return IsCompoundingWithdrawalCredential(v.GetWithdrawalCredentials())
-}
-
-// IsCompoundingWithdrawalCredential checks if the credentials are a compounding withdrawal credential.
-//
-// Spec definition:
-//
-//	def is_compounding_withdrawal_credential(withdrawal_credentials: Bytes32) -> bool:
-//	    return withdrawal_credentials[:1] == COMPOUNDING_WITHDRAWAL_PREFIX
-func IsCompoundingWithdrawalCredential(creds []byte) bool {
-	return bytes.HasPrefix(creds, []byte{params.BeaconConfig().CompoundingWithdrawalPrefixByte})
-}
-
-// HasExecutionWithdrawalCredentials checks if the validator has an execution withdrawal credential or compounding credential.
-// New in Electra EIP-7251: https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-7251
-//
-// Spec definition:
-//
-//	def has_execution_withdrawal_credential(validator: Validator) -> bool:
-//	    """
-//	    Check if ``validator`` has a 0x01 or 0x02 prefixed withdrawal credential.
-//	    """
-//	    return has_compounding_withdrawal_credential(validator) or has_eth1_withdrawal_credential(validator)
-func HasExecutionWithdrawalCredentials(v interfaces.WithWithdrawalCredentials) bool {
-	if v == nil {
-		return false
-	}
-	return HasCompoundingWithdrawalCredential(v) || HasETH1WithdrawalCredential(v)
-}
-
 // IsSameWithdrawalCredentials returns true if both validators have the same withdrawal credentials.
 //
 //	return a.withdrawal_credentials[12:] == b.withdrawal_credentials[12:]
@@ -606,10 +548,10 @@ func IsFullyWithdrawableValidator(val state.ReadOnlyValidator, balance uint64, e

 	// Electra / EIP-7251 logic
 	if fork >= version.Electra {
-		return HasExecutionWithdrawalCredentials(val) && val.WithdrawableEpoch() <= epoch
+		return val.HasExecutionWithdrawalCredentials() && val.WithdrawableEpoch() <= epoch
 	}

-	return HasETH1WithdrawalCredential(val) && val.WithdrawableEpoch() <= epoch
+	return val.HasETH1WithdrawalCredentials() && val.WithdrawableEpoch() <= epoch
 }

 // IsPartiallyWithdrawableValidator returns whether the validator is able to perform a
@@ -637,7 +579,7 @@ func IsPartiallyWithdrawableValidator(val state.ReadOnlyValidator, balance uint6
 //	"""
 //	Check if ``validator`` is partially withdrawable.
 //	"""
-//	max_effective_balance = get_validator_max_effective_balance(validator)
+//	max_effective_balance = get_max_effective_balance(validator)
 //	has_max_effective_balance = validator.effective_balance == max_effective_balance  # [Modified in Electra:EIP7251]
 //	has_excess_balance = balance > max_effective_balance  # [Modified in Electra:EIP7251]
 //	return (
@@ -650,7 +592,7 @@ func isPartiallyWithdrawableValidatorElectra(val state.ReadOnlyValidator, balanc
 	hasMaxBalance := val.EffectiveBalance() == maxEB
 	hasExcessBalance := balance > maxEB

-	return HasExecutionWithdrawalCredentials(val) &&
+	return val.HasExecutionWithdrawalCredentials() &&
 		hasMaxBalance &&
 		hasExcessBalance
 }
@@ -670,14 +612,14 @@ func isPartiallyWithdrawableValidatorElectra(val state.ReadOnlyValidator, balanc
 func isPartiallyWithdrawableValidatorCapella(val state.ReadOnlyValidator, balance uint64, epoch primitives.Epoch) bool {
 	hasMaxBalance := val.EffectiveBalance() == params.BeaconConfig().MaxEffectiveBalance
 	hasExcessBalance := balance > params.BeaconConfig().MaxEffectiveBalance
-	return HasETH1WithdrawalCredential(val) && hasExcessBalance && hasMaxBalance
+	return val.HasETH1WithdrawalCredentials() && hasExcessBalance && hasMaxBalance
 }

 // ValidatorMaxEffectiveBalance returns the maximum effective balance for a validator.
 //
 // Spec definition:
 //
-//	def get_validator_max_effective_balance(validator: Validator) -> Gwei:
+//	def get_max_effective_balance(validator: Validator) -> Gwei:
 //	    """
 //	    Get max effective balance for ``validator``.
 //	    """
@@ -686,7 +628,7 @@ func isPartiallyWithdrawableValidatorCapella(val state.ReadOnlyValidator, balanc
 //	    else:
 //	        return MIN_ACTIVATION_BALANCE
 func ValidatorMaxEffectiveBalance(val state.ReadOnlyValidator) uint64 {
-	if HasCompoundingWithdrawalCredential(val) {
+	if val.HasCompoundingWithdrawalCredentials() {
 		return params.BeaconConfig().MaxEffectiveBalanceElectra
 	}
 	return params.BeaconConfig().MinActivationBalance
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More
@@ -1 +1 @@
 .1.0
 .4.1