Save and Read State Diff Functions (#15438)

* bucket | configs | flag | cache

* save and read state diff

* remove named mutex

* remove named mutex

* save and read state diff

* fix linter

* set offset while creating cache

* save and read state diff

* fix linter

* rebase

* fix tests

* Update beacon-chain/db/kv/state_diff_helpers.go

Co-authored-by: Potuz <potuz@prysmaticlabs.com>

* adjustments to key

* remove lvl parameter when it's 0

* use named suffixes

---------

Co-authored-by: Potuz <potuz@prysmaticlabs.com>

beacon-chain/blockchain/log.go

@@ -26,9 +26,6 @@ func logStateTransitionData(b interfaces.ReadOnlyBeaconBlock) error {
 	if len(b.Body().Attestations()) > 0 {
 		log = log.WithField("attestations", len(b.Body().Attestations()))
 	}
-	if len(b.Body().Deposits()) > 0 {
-		log = log.WithField("deposits", len(b.Body().Deposits()))
-	}
 	if len(b.Body().AttesterSlashings()) > 0 {
 		log = log.WithField("attesterSlashings", len(b.Body().AttesterSlashings()))
 	}
@@ -111,7 +108,6 @@ func logBlockSyncStatus(block interfaces.ReadOnlyBeaconBlock, blockRoot [32]byte
 			"sinceSlotStartTime":         prysmTime.Now().Sub(startTime),
 			"chainServiceProcessedTime":  prysmTime.Now().Sub(receivedTime) - daWaitedTime,
 			"dataAvailabilityWaitedTime": daWaitedTime,
-			"deposits":                   len(block.Body().Deposits()),
 		}
 		log.WithFields(lf).Debug("Synced new block")
 	} else {
@@ -159,7 +155,9 @@ func logPayload(block interfaces.ReadOnlyBeaconBlock) error {
 		if err != nil {
 			return errors.Wrap(err, "could not get BLSToExecutionChanges")
 		}
-		fields["blsToExecutionChanges"] = len(changes)
+		if len(changes) > 0 {
+			fields["blsToExecutionChanges"] = len(changes)
+		}
 	}
 	log.WithFields(fields).Debug("Synced new payload")
 	return nil

beacon-chain/blockchain/log_test.go

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ func Test_logStateTransitionData(t *testing.T) {
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 				return wb
 			},
-			want: "\"Finished applying state transition\" attestations=1 deposits=1 prefix=blockchain slot=0",
+			want: "\"Finished applying state transition\" attestations=1 prefix=blockchain slot=0",
 		},
 		{name: "has attester slashing",
 			b: func() interfaces.ReadOnlyBeaconBlock {
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ func Test_logStateTransitionData(t *testing.T) {
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 				return wb
 			},
-			want: "\"Finished applying state transition\" attestations=1 attesterSlashings=1 deposits=1 prefix=blockchain proposerSlashings=1 slot=0 voluntaryExits=1",
+			want: "\"Finished applying state transition\" attestations=1 attesterSlashings=1 prefix=blockchain proposerSlashings=1 slot=0 voluntaryExits=1",
 		},
 		{name: "has payload",
 			b:    func() interfaces.ReadOnlyBeaconBlock { return wrappedPayloadBlk },

beacon-chain/blockchain/options.go

@@ -258,3 +258,12 @@ func WithLightClientStore(lcs *lightclient.Store) Option {
 		return nil
 	}
 }
+
+// WithStartWaitingDataColumnSidecars sets a channel that the `areDataColumnsAvailable` function will fill
+// in when starting to wait for additional data columns.
+func WithStartWaitingDataColumnSidecars(c chan bool) Option {
+	return func(s *Service) error {
+		s.startWaitingDataColumnSidecars = c
+		return nil
+	}
+}

beacon-chain/blockchain/process_block.go

@@ -637,7 +637,11 @@ func missingDataColumnIndices(bs *filesystem.DataColumnStorage, root [fieldparam
 // The function will first check the database to see if all sidecars have been persisted. If any
 // sidecars are missing, it will then read from the sidecar notifier channel for the given root until the channel is
 // closed, the context hits cancellation/timeout, or notifications have been received for all the missing sidecars.
-func (s *Service) isDataAvailable(ctx context.Context, root [32]byte, signedBlock interfaces.ReadOnlySignedBeaconBlock) error {
+func (s *Service) isDataAvailable(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	root [fieldparams.RootLength]byte,
+	signedBlock interfaces.ReadOnlySignedBeaconBlock,
+) error {
 	block := signedBlock.Block()
 	if block == nil {
 		return errors.New("invalid nil beacon block")
@@ -657,7 +661,11 @@ func (s *Service) isDataAvailable(ctx context.Context, root [32]byte, signedBloc
 
 // areDataColumnsAvailable blocks until all data columns committed to in the block are available,
 // or an error or context cancellation occurs. A nil result means that the data availability check is successful.
-func (s *Service) areDataColumnsAvailable(ctx context.Context, root [fieldparams.RootLength]byte, block interfaces.ReadOnlyBeaconBlock) error {
+func (s *Service) areDataColumnsAvailable(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	root [fieldparams.RootLength]byte,
+	block interfaces.ReadOnlyBeaconBlock,
+) error {
 	// We are only required to check within MIN_EPOCHS_FOR_BLOB_SIDECARS_REQUESTS
 	blockSlot, currentSlot := block.Slot(), s.CurrentSlot()
 	blockEpoch, currentEpoch := slots.ToEpoch(blockSlot), slots.ToEpoch(currentSlot)
@@ -724,6 +732,10 @@ func (s *Service) areDataColumnsAvailable(ctx context.Context, root [fieldparams
 		return nil
 	}
 
+	if s.startWaitingDataColumnSidecars != nil {
+		s.startWaitingDataColumnSidecars <- true
+	}
+
 	// Log for DA checks that cross over into the next slot; helpful for debugging.
 	nextSlot := slots.BeginsAt(block.Slot()+1, s.genesisTime)
 

beacon-chain/blockchain/process_block_test.go

@@ -3332,17 +3332,27 @@ func testIsAvailableSetup(t *testing.T, params testIsAvailableParams) (context.C
 	signedBeaconBlock, err := util.GenerateFullBlockFulu(genesisState, secretKeys, conf, 10 /*block slot*/)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
-	root, err := signedBeaconBlock.Block.HashTreeRoot()
+	block := signedBeaconBlock.Block
+	bodyRoot, err := block.Body.HashTreeRoot()
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
-	dataColumnsParams := make([]util.DataColumnParams, 0, len(params.columnsToSave))
+	root, err := block.HashTreeRoot()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	dataColumnsParams := make([]util.DataColumnParam, 0, len(params.columnsToSave))
 	for _, i := range params.columnsToSave {
-		dataColumnParam := util.DataColumnParams{ColumnIndex: i}
+		dataColumnParam := util.DataColumnParam{
+			Index:         i,
+			Slot:          block.Slot,
+			ProposerIndex: block.ProposerIndex,
+			ParentRoot:    block.ParentRoot,
+			StateRoot:     block.StateRoot,
+			BodyRoot:      bodyRoot[:],
+		}
 		dataColumnsParams = append(dataColumnsParams, dataColumnParam)
 	}
 
-	dataColumnParamsByBlockRoot := util.DataColumnsParamsByRoot{root: dataColumnsParams}
-	_, verifiedRODataColumns := util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(t, dataColumnParamsByBlockRoot)
+	_, verifiedRODataColumns := util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(t, dataColumnsParams)
 
 	err = dataColumnStorage.Save(verifiedRODataColumns)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
@@ -3402,38 +3412,47 @@ func TestIsDataAvailable(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 
 	t.Run("Fulu - some initially missing data columns (no reconstruction)", func(t *testing.T) {
+		startWaiting := make(chan bool)
+
 		testParams := testIsAvailableParams{
-			options:       []Option{WithCustodyInfo(&peerdas.CustodyInfo{})},
+			options:       []Option{WithCustodyInfo(&peerdas.CustodyInfo{}), WithStartWaitingDataColumnSidecars(startWaiting)},
 			columnsToSave: []uint64{1, 17, 19, 75, 102, 117, 119}, // 119 is not needed, 42 and 87 are missing
 
 			blobKzgCommitmentsCount: 3,
 		}
 
 		ctx, _, service, root, signed := testIsAvailableSetup(t, testParams)
+		block := signed.Block()
+		slot := block.Slot()
+		proposerIndex := block.ProposerIndex()
+		parentRoot := block.ParentRoot()
+		stateRoot := block.StateRoot()
+		bodyRoot, err := block.Body().HashTreeRoot()
+		require.NoError(t, err)
 
-		var wrongRoot [fieldparams.RootLength]byte
-		copy(wrongRoot[:], root[:])
-		wrongRoot[0]++ // change the root to simulate a wrong root
+		_, verifiedSidecarsWrongRoot := util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(
+			t,
+			[]util.DataColumnParam{
+				{Index: 42, Slot: slot + 1}, // Needed index, but not for this slot.
+			})
 
-		_, verifiedSidecarsWrongRoot := util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(t, util.DataColumnsParamsByRoot{wrongRoot: {
-			{ColumnIndex: 42}, // needed
-		}})
+		_, verifiedSidecars := util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(t, []util.DataColumnParam{
+			{Index: 87, Slot: slot, ProposerIndex: proposerIndex, ParentRoot: parentRoot[:], StateRoot: stateRoot[:], BodyRoot: bodyRoot[:]}, // Needed index
+			{Index: 1, Slot: slot, ProposerIndex: proposerIndex, ParentRoot: parentRoot[:], StateRoot: stateRoot[:], BodyRoot: bodyRoot[:]},  // Not needed index
+			{Index: 42, Slot: slot, ProposerIndex: proposerIndex, ParentRoot: parentRoot[:], StateRoot: stateRoot[:], BodyRoot: bodyRoot[:]}, // Needed index
+		})
 
-		_, verifiedSidecars := util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(t, util.DataColumnsParamsByRoot{root: {
-			{ColumnIndex: 87}, // needed
-			{ColumnIndex: 1},  // not needed
-			{ColumnIndex: 42}, // needed
-		}})
+		go func() {
+			<-startWaiting
 
-		time.AfterFunc(10*time.Millisecond, func() {
 			err := service.dataColumnStorage.Save(verifiedSidecarsWrongRoot)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 
 			err = service.dataColumnStorage.Save(verifiedSidecars)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
-		})
+		}()
 
-		err := service.isDataAvailable(ctx, root, signed)
+		err = service.isDataAvailable(ctx, root, signed)
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 	})
 
@@ -3442,6 +3461,9 @@ func TestIsDataAvailable(t *testing.T) {
 			missingColumns = uint64(2)
 			cgc            = 128
 		)
+
+		startWaiting := make(chan bool)
+
 		var custodyInfo peerdas.CustodyInfo
 		custodyInfo.TargetGroupCount.SetValidatorsCustodyRequirement(cgc)
 		custodyInfo.ToAdvertiseGroupCount.Set(cgc)
@@ -3454,41 +3476,61 @@ func TestIsDataAvailable(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 
 		testParams := testIsAvailableParams{
-			options:                 []Option{WithCustodyInfo(&custodyInfo)},
+			options:                 []Option{WithCustodyInfo(&custodyInfo), WithStartWaitingDataColumnSidecars(startWaiting)},
 			columnsToSave:           indices,
 			blobKzgCommitmentsCount: 3,
 		}
 
 		ctx, _, service, root, signed := testIsAvailableSetup(t, testParams)
+		block := signed.Block()
+		slot := block.Slot()
+		proposerIndex := block.ProposerIndex()
+		parentRoot := block.ParentRoot()
+		stateRoot := block.StateRoot()
+		bodyRoot, err := block.Body().HashTreeRoot()
+		require.NoError(t, err)
 
-		dataColumnParams := make([]util.DataColumnParams, 0, missingColumns)
+		dataColumnParams := make([]util.DataColumnParam, 0, missingColumns)
 		for i := minimumColumnsCountToReconstruct - missingColumns; i < minimumColumnsCountToReconstruct; i++ {
-			dataColumnParam := util.DataColumnParams{ColumnIndex: i}
+			dataColumnParam := util.DataColumnParam{
+				Index:         i,
+				Slot:          slot,
+				ProposerIndex: proposerIndex,
+				ParentRoot:    parentRoot[:],
+				StateRoot:     stateRoot[:],
+				BodyRoot:      bodyRoot[:],
+			}
+
 			dataColumnParams = append(dataColumnParams, dataColumnParam)
 		}
 
-		_, verifiedSidecars := util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(t, util.DataColumnsParamsByRoot{root: dataColumnParams})
+		_, verifiedSidecars := util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(t, dataColumnParams)
+
+		go func() {
+			<-startWaiting
 
-		time.AfterFunc(10*time.Millisecond, func() {
 			err := service.dataColumnStorage.Save(verifiedSidecars)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
-		})
+		}()
 
-		err := service.isDataAvailable(ctx, root, signed)
+		err = service.isDataAvailable(ctx, root, signed)
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 	})
 
 	t.Run("Fulu - some columns are definitively missing", func(t *testing.T) {
+		startWaiting := make(chan bool)
+
 		params := testIsAvailableParams{
-			options:                 []Option{WithCustodyInfo(&peerdas.CustodyInfo{})},
+			options:                 []Option{WithCustodyInfo(&peerdas.CustodyInfo{}), WithStartWaitingDataColumnSidecars(startWaiting)},
 			blobKzgCommitmentsCount: 3,
 		}
 
 		ctx, cancel, service, root, signed := testIsAvailableSetup(t, params)
 
-		time.AfterFunc(10*time.Millisecond, func() {
+		go func() {
+			<-startWaiting
 			cancel()
-		})
+		}()
 
 		err := service.isDataAvailable(ctx, root, signed)
 		require.NotNil(t, err)

beacon-chain/blockchain/service.go

@@ -47,27 +47,28 @@ import (
 // Service represents a service that handles the internal
 // logic of managing the full PoS beacon chain.
 type Service struct {
-	cfg                  *config
-	ctx                  context.Context
-	cancel               context.CancelFunc
-	genesisTime          time.Time
-	head                 *head
-	headLock             sync.RWMutex
-	originBlockRoot      [32]byte // genesis root, or weak subjectivity checkpoint root, depending on how the node is initialized
-	boundaryRoots        [][32]byte
-	checkpointStateCache *cache.CheckpointStateCache
-	initSyncBlocks       map[[32]byte]interfaces.ReadOnlySignedBeaconBlock
-	initSyncBlocksLock   sync.RWMutex
-	wsVerifier           *WeakSubjectivityVerifier
-	clockSetter          startup.ClockSetter
-	clockWaiter          startup.ClockWaiter
-	syncComplete         chan struct{}
-	blobNotifiers        *blobNotifierMap
-	blockBeingSynced     *currentlySyncingBlock
-	blobStorage          *filesystem.BlobStorage
-	dataColumnStorage    *filesystem.DataColumnStorage
-	slasherEnabled       bool
-	lcStore              *lightClient.Store
+	cfg                            *config
+	ctx                            context.Context
+	cancel                         context.CancelFunc
+	genesisTime                    time.Time
+	head                           *head
+	headLock                       sync.RWMutex
+	originBlockRoot                [32]byte // genesis root, or weak subjectivity checkpoint root, depending on how the node is initialized
+	boundaryRoots                  [][32]byte
+	checkpointStateCache           *cache.CheckpointStateCache
+	initSyncBlocks                 map[[32]byte]interfaces.ReadOnlySignedBeaconBlock
+	initSyncBlocksLock             sync.RWMutex
+	wsVerifier                     *WeakSubjectivityVerifier
+	clockSetter                    startup.ClockSetter
+	clockWaiter                    startup.ClockWaiter
+	syncComplete                   chan struct{}
+	blobNotifiers                  *blobNotifierMap
+	blockBeingSynced               *currentlySyncingBlock
+	blobStorage                    *filesystem.BlobStorage
+	dataColumnStorage              *filesystem.DataColumnStorage
+	slasherEnabled                 bool
+	lcStore                        *lightClient.Store
+	startWaitingDataColumnSidecars chan bool // for testing purposes only
 }
 
 // config options for the service.

beacon-chain/core/altair/upgrade.go

@@ -12,6 +12,47 @@ import (
 	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/proto/prysm/v1alpha1/attestation"
 )
 
+// ConvertToAltair converts a Phase 0 beacon state to an Altair beacon state.
+func ConvertToAltair(state state.BeaconState) (state.BeaconState, error) {
+	epoch := time.CurrentEpoch(state)
+
+	numValidators := state.NumValidators()
+	s := &ethpb.BeaconStateAltair{
+		GenesisTime:           state.GenesisTime(),
+		GenesisValidatorsRoot: state.GenesisValidatorsRoot(),
+		Slot:                  state.Slot(),
+		Fork: &ethpb.Fork{
+			PreviousVersion: state.Fork().CurrentVersion,
+			CurrentVersion:  params.BeaconConfig().AltairForkVersion,
+			Epoch:           epoch,
+		},
+		LatestBlockHeader:           state.LatestBlockHeader(),
+		BlockRoots:                  state.BlockRoots(),
+		StateRoots:                  state.StateRoots(),
+		HistoricalRoots:             state.HistoricalRoots(),
+		Eth1Data:                    state.Eth1Data(),
+		Eth1DataVotes:               state.Eth1DataVotes(),
+		Eth1DepositIndex:            state.Eth1DepositIndex(),
+		Validators:                  state.Validators(),
+		Balances:                    state.Balances(),
+		RandaoMixes:                 state.RandaoMixes(),
+		Slashings:                   state.Slashings(),
+		PreviousEpochParticipation:  make([]byte, numValidators),
+		CurrentEpochParticipation:   make([]byte, numValidators),
+		JustificationBits:           state.JustificationBits(),
+		PreviousJustifiedCheckpoint: state.PreviousJustifiedCheckpoint(),
+		CurrentJustifiedCheckpoint:  state.CurrentJustifiedCheckpoint(),
+		FinalizedCheckpoint:         state.FinalizedCheckpoint(),
+		InactivityScores:            make([]uint64, numValidators),
+	}
+
+	newState, err := state_native.InitializeFromProtoUnsafeAltair(s)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return newState, nil
+}
+
 // UpgradeToAltair updates input state to return the version Altair state.
 //
 // Spec code:
@@ -64,39 +105,7 @@ import (
 //	post.next_sync_committee = get_next_sync_committee(post)
 //	return post
 func UpgradeToAltair(ctx context.Context, state state.BeaconState) (state.BeaconState, error) {
-	epoch := time.CurrentEpoch(state)
-
-	numValidators := state.NumValidators()
-	s := &ethpb.BeaconStateAltair{
-		GenesisTime:           state.GenesisTime(),
-		GenesisValidatorsRoot: state.GenesisValidatorsRoot(),
-		Slot:                  state.Slot(),
-		Fork: &ethpb.Fork{
-			PreviousVersion: state.Fork().CurrentVersion,
-			CurrentVersion:  params.BeaconConfig().AltairForkVersion,
-			Epoch:           epoch,
-		},
-		LatestBlockHeader:           state.LatestBlockHeader(),
-		BlockRoots:                  state.BlockRoots(),
-		StateRoots:                  state.StateRoots(),
-		HistoricalRoots:             state.HistoricalRoots(),
-		Eth1Data:                    state.Eth1Data(),
-		Eth1DataVotes:               state.Eth1DataVotes(),
-		Eth1DepositIndex:            state.Eth1DepositIndex(),
-		Validators:                  state.Validators(),
-		Balances:                    state.Balances(),
-		RandaoMixes:                 state.RandaoMixes(),
-		Slashings:                   state.Slashings(),
-		PreviousEpochParticipation:  make([]byte, numValidators),
-		CurrentEpochParticipation:   make([]byte, numValidators),
-		JustificationBits:           state.JustificationBits(),
-		PreviousJustifiedCheckpoint: state.PreviousJustifiedCheckpoint(),
-		CurrentJustifiedCheckpoint:  state.CurrentJustifiedCheckpoint(),
-		FinalizedCheckpoint:         state.FinalizedCheckpoint(),
-		InactivityScores:            make([]uint64, numValidators),
-	}
-
-	newState, err := state_native.InitializeFromProtoUnsafeAltair(s)
+	newState, err := ConvertToAltair(state)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}

beacon-chain/core/electra/upgrade.go

@@ -15,6 +15,129 @@ import (
 	"github.com/pkg/errors"
 )
 
+// ConvertToElectra converts a Deneb beacon state to an Electra beacon state.
+func ConvertToElectra(beaconState state.BeaconState) (state.BeaconState, error) {
+	currentSyncCommittee, err := beaconState.CurrentSyncCommittee()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	nextSyncCommittee, err := beaconState.NextSyncCommittee()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	prevEpochParticipation, err := beaconState.PreviousEpochParticipation()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	currentEpochParticipation, err := beaconState.CurrentEpochParticipation()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	inactivityScores, err := beaconState.InactivityScores()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	payloadHeader, err := beaconState.LatestExecutionPayloadHeader()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	txRoot, err := payloadHeader.TransactionsRoot()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	wdRoot, err := payloadHeader.WithdrawalsRoot()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	wi, err := beaconState.NextWithdrawalIndex()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	vi, err := beaconState.NextWithdrawalValidatorIndex()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	summaries, err := beaconState.HistoricalSummaries()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	excessBlobGas, err := payloadHeader.ExcessBlobGas()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	blobGasUsed, err := payloadHeader.BlobGasUsed()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	s := &ethpb.BeaconStateElectra{
+		GenesisTime:           beaconState.GenesisTime(),
+		GenesisValidatorsRoot: beaconState.GenesisValidatorsRoot(),
+		Slot:                  beaconState.Slot(),
+		Fork: &ethpb.Fork{
+			PreviousVersion: beaconState.Fork().CurrentVersion,
+			CurrentVersion:  params.BeaconConfig().ElectraForkVersion,
+			Epoch:           time.CurrentEpoch(beaconState),
+		},
+		LatestBlockHeader:           beaconState.LatestBlockHeader(),
+		BlockRoots:                  beaconState.BlockRoots(),
+		StateRoots:                  beaconState.StateRoots(),
+		HistoricalRoots:             beaconState.HistoricalRoots(),
+		Eth1Data:                    beaconState.Eth1Data(),
+		Eth1DataVotes:               beaconState.Eth1DataVotes(),
+		Eth1DepositIndex:            beaconState.Eth1DepositIndex(),
+		Validators:                  beaconState.Validators(),
+		Balances:                    beaconState.Balances(),
+		RandaoMixes:                 beaconState.RandaoMixes(),
+		Slashings:                   beaconState.Slashings(),
+		PreviousEpochParticipation:  prevEpochParticipation,
+		CurrentEpochParticipation:   currentEpochParticipation,
+		JustificationBits:           beaconState.JustificationBits(),
+		PreviousJustifiedCheckpoint: beaconState.PreviousJustifiedCheckpoint(),
+		CurrentJustifiedCheckpoint:  beaconState.CurrentJustifiedCheckpoint(),
+		FinalizedCheckpoint:         beaconState.FinalizedCheckpoint(),
+		InactivityScores:            inactivityScores,
+		CurrentSyncCommittee:        currentSyncCommittee,
+		NextSyncCommittee:           nextSyncCommittee,
+		LatestExecutionPayloadHeader: &enginev1.ExecutionPayloadHeaderDeneb{
+			ParentHash:       payloadHeader.ParentHash(),
+			FeeRecipient:     payloadHeader.FeeRecipient(),
+			StateRoot:        payloadHeader.StateRoot(),
+			ReceiptsRoot:     payloadHeader.ReceiptsRoot(),
+			LogsBloom:        payloadHeader.LogsBloom(),
+			PrevRandao:       payloadHeader.PrevRandao(),
+			BlockNumber:      payloadHeader.BlockNumber(),
+			GasLimit:         payloadHeader.GasLimit(),
+			GasUsed:          payloadHeader.GasUsed(),
+			Timestamp:        payloadHeader.Timestamp(),
+			ExtraData:        payloadHeader.ExtraData(),
+			BaseFeePerGas:    payloadHeader.BaseFeePerGas(),
+			BlockHash:        payloadHeader.BlockHash(),
+			TransactionsRoot: txRoot,
+			WithdrawalsRoot:  wdRoot,
+			ExcessBlobGas:    excessBlobGas,
+			BlobGasUsed:      blobGasUsed,
+		},
+		NextWithdrawalIndex:          wi,
+		NextWithdrawalValidatorIndex: vi,
+		HistoricalSummaries:          summaries,
+
+		DepositRequestsStartIndex:  params.BeaconConfig().UnsetDepositRequestsStartIndex,
+		DepositBalanceToConsume:    0,
+		EarliestConsolidationEpoch: helpers.ActivationExitEpoch(slots.ToEpoch(beaconState.Slot())),
+		PendingDeposits:            make([]*ethpb.PendingDeposit, 0),
+		PendingPartialWithdrawals:  make([]*ethpb.PendingPartialWithdrawal, 0),
+		PendingConsolidations:      make([]*ethpb.PendingConsolidation, 0),
+	}
+
+	// need to cast the beaconState to use in helper functions
+	post, err := state_native.InitializeFromProtoUnsafeElectra(s)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "failed to initialize post electra beaconState")
+	}
+	return post, nil
+}
+
 // UpgradeToElectra updates inputs a generic state to return the version Electra state.
 //
 // nolint:dupword

beacon-chain/core/execution/BUILD.bazel

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ go_library(
     visibility = [
         "//beacon-chain:__subpackages__",
         "//cmd/prysmctl/testnet:__pkg__",
+        "//consensus-types/hdiff:__subpackages__",
         "//testing/spectest:__subpackages__",
         "//validator/client:__pkg__",
     ],

beacon-chain/das/availability_columns_test.go

@@ -38,9 +38,9 @@ func TestPersist(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("mixed roots", func(t *testing.T) {
 		dataColumnStorage := filesystem.NewEphemeralDataColumnStorage(t)
 
-		dataColumnParamsByBlockRoot := map[[fieldparams.RootLength]byte][]util.DataColumnParams{
-			{1}: {{ColumnIndex: 1}},
-			{2}: {{ColumnIndex: 2}},
+		dataColumnParamsByBlockRoot := []util.DataColumnParam{
+			{Slot: 1, Index: 1},
+			{Slot: 2, Index: 2},
 		}
 
 		roSidecars, _ := roSidecarsFromDataColumnParamsByBlockRoot(t, dataColumnParamsByBlockRoot)
@@ -54,8 +54,8 @@ func TestPersist(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("outside DA period", func(t *testing.T) {
 		dataColumnStorage := filesystem.NewEphemeralDataColumnStorage(t)
 
-		dataColumnParamsByBlockRoot := map[[fieldparams.RootLength]byte][]util.DataColumnParams{
-			{1}: {{ColumnIndex: 1}},
+		dataColumnParamsByBlockRoot := []util.DataColumnParam{
+			{Slot: 1, Index: 1},
 		}
 
 		roSidecars, _ := roSidecarsFromDataColumnParamsByBlockRoot(t, dataColumnParamsByBlockRoot)
@@ -67,21 +67,24 @@ func TestPersist(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 
 	t.Run("nominal", func(t *testing.T) {
+		const slot = 42
 		dataColumnStorage := filesystem.NewEphemeralDataColumnStorage(t)
 
-		dataColumnParamsByBlockRoot := map[[fieldparams.RootLength]byte][]util.DataColumnParams{
-			{}: {{ColumnIndex: 1}, {ColumnIndex: 5}},
+		dataColumnParamsByBlockRoot := []util.DataColumnParam{
+			{Slot: slot, Index: 1},
+			{Slot: slot, Index: 5},
 		}
 
 		roSidecars, roDataColumns := roSidecarsFromDataColumnParamsByBlockRoot(t, dataColumnParamsByBlockRoot)
 		lazilyPersistentStoreColumns := NewLazilyPersistentStoreColumn(dataColumnStorage, enode.ID{}, nil, &peerdas.CustodyInfo{})
 
-		err := lazilyPersistentStoreColumns.Persist(0, roSidecars...)
+		err := lazilyPersistentStoreColumns.Persist(slot, roSidecars...)
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 		require.Equal(t, 1, len(lazilyPersistentStoreColumns.cache.entries))
 
-		key := cacheKey{slot: 0, root: [fieldparams.RootLength]byte{}}
-		entry := lazilyPersistentStoreColumns.cache.entries[key]
+		key := cacheKey{slot: slot, root: roDataColumns[0].BlockRoot()}
+		entry, ok := lazilyPersistentStoreColumns.cache.entries[key]
+		require.Equal(t, true, ok)
 
 		// A call to Persist does NOT save the sidecars to disk.
 		require.Equal(t, uint64(0), entry.diskSummary.Count())
@@ -121,24 +124,37 @@ func TestIsDataAvailable(t *testing.T) {
 		signedBeaconBlockFulu := util.NewBeaconBlockFulu()
 		signedBeaconBlockFulu.Block.Body.BlobKzgCommitments = commitments
 		signedRoBlock := newSignedRoBlock(t, signedBeaconBlockFulu)
+		block := signedRoBlock.Block()
+		slot := block.Slot()
+		proposerIndex := block.ProposerIndex()
+		parentRoot := block.ParentRoot()
+		stateRoot := block.StateRoot()
+		bodyRoot, err := block.Body().HashTreeRoot()
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
 		root := signedRoBlock.Root()
 
 		dataColumnStorage := filesystem.NewEphemeralDataColumnStorage(t)
 		lazilyPersistentStoreColumns := NewLazilyPersistentStoreColumn(dataColumnStorage, enode.ID{}, newDataColumnsVerifier, &peerdas.CustodyInfo{})
 
 		indices := [...]uint64{1, 17, 87, 102}
-		dataColumnsParams := make([]util.DataColumnParams, 0, len(indices))
+		dataColumnsParams := make([]util.DataColumnParam, 0, len(indices))
 		for _, index := range indices {
-			dataColumnParams := util.DataColumnParams{
-				ColumnIndex:    index,
+			dataColumnParams := util.DataColumnParam{
+				Index:          index,
 				KzgCommitments: commitments,
+
+				Slot:          slot,
+				ProposerIndex: proposerIndex,
+				ParentRoot:    parentRoot[:],
+				StateRoot:     stateRoot[:],
+				BodyRoot:      bodyRoot[:],
 			}
 
 			dataColumnsParams = append(dataColumnsParams, dataColumnParams)
 		}
 
-		dataColumnsParamsByBlockRoot := util.DataColumnsParamsByRoot{root: dataColumnsParams}
-		_, verifiedRoDataColumns := util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(t, dataColumnsParamsByBlockRoot)
+		_, verifiedRoDataColumns := util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(t, dataColumnsParams)
 
 		key := cacheKey{root: root}
 		entry := lazilyPersistentStoreColumns.cache.ensure(key)
@@ -149,7 +165,7 @@ func TestIsDataAvailable(t *testing.T) {
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 		}
 
-		err := lazilyPersistentStoreColumns.IsDataAvailable(ctx, 0 /*current slot*/, signedRoBlock)
+		err = lazilyPersistentStoreColumns.IsDataAvailable(ctx, slot, signedRoBlock)
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 
 		actual, err := dataColumnStorage.Get(root, indices[:])
@@ -224,8 +240,8 @@ func TestFullCommitmentsToCheck(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func roSidecarsFromDataColumnParamsByBlockRoot(t *testing.T, dataColumnParamsByBlockRoot util.DataColumnsParamsByRoot) ([]blocks.ROSidecar, []blocks.RODataColumn) {
-	roDataColumns, _ := util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(t, dataColumnParamsByBlockRoot)
+func roSidecarsFromDataColumnParamsByBlockRoot(t *testing.T, parameters []util.DataColumnParam) ([]blocks.ROSidecar, []blocks.RODataColumn) {
+	roDataColumns, _ := util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(t, parameters)
 
 	roSidecars := make([]blocks.ROSidecar, 0, len(roDataColumns))
 	for _, roDataColumn := range roDataColumns {

beacon-chain/das/data_column_cache_test.go

@@ -28,8 +28,7 @@ func TestEnsureDeleteSetDiskSummary(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestStash(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("Index too high", func(t *testing.T) {
-		dataColumnParamsByBlockRoot := util.DataColumnsParamsByRoot{{1}: {{ColumnIndex: 10_000}}}
-		roDataColumns, _ := util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(t, dataColumnParamsByBlockRoot)
+		roDataColumns, _ := util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(t, []util.DataColumnParam{{Index: 10_000}})
 
 		var entry dataColumnCacheEntry
 		err := entry.stash(&roDataColumns[0])
@@ -37,8 +36,7 @@ func TestStash(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 
 	t.Run("Nominal and already existing", func(t *testing.T) {
-		dataColumnParamsByBlockRoot := util.DataColumnsParamsByRoot{{1}: {{ColumnIndex: 1}}}
-		roDataColumns, _ := util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(t, dataColumnParamsByBlockRoot)
+		roDataColumns, _ := util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(t, []util.DataColumnParam{{Index: 1}})
 
 		var entry dataColumnCacheEntry
 		err := entry.stash(&roDataColumns[0])
@@ -76,36 +74,30 @@ func TestFilterDataColumns(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 
 	t.Run("Commitments not equal", func(t *testing.T) {
-		root := [fieldparams.RootLength]byte{}
 		commitmentsArray := safeCommitmentsArray{nil, [][]byte{[]byte{1}}}
 
-		dataColumnParamsByBlockRoot := util.DataColumnsParamsByRoot{root: {{ColumnIndex: 1}}}
-		roDataColumns, _ := util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(t, dataColumnParamsByBlockRoot)
+		roDataColumns, _ := util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(t, []util.DataColumnParam{{Index: 1}})
 
 		var scs [fieldparams.NumberOfColumns]*blocks.RODataColumn
 		scs[1] = &roDataColumns[0]
 
 		dataColumnCacheEntry := dataColumnCacheEntry{scs: scs}
 
-		_, err := dataColumnCacheEntry.filter(root, &commitmentsArray)
+		_, err := dataColumnCacheEntry.filter(roDataColumns[0].BlockRoot(), &commitmentsArray)
 		require.NotNil(t, err)
 	})
 
 	t.Run("Nominal", func(t *testing.T) {
-		root := [fieldparams.RootLength]byte{}
 		commitmentsArray := safeCommitmentsArray{nil, [][]byte{[]byte{1}}, nil, [][]byte{[]byte{3}}}
-
 		diskSummary := filesystem.NewDataColumnStorageSummary(42, [fieldparams.NumberOfColumns]bool{false, true})
-
-		dataColumnParamsByBlockRoot := util.DataColumnsParamsByRoot{root: {{ColumnIndex: 3, KzgCommitments: [][]byte{[]byte{3}}}}}
-		expected, _ := util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(t, dataColumnParamsByBlockRoot)
+		expected, _ := util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(t, []util.DataColumnParam{{Index: 3, KzgCommitments: [][]byte{[]byte{3}}}})
 
 		var scs [fieldparams.NumberOfColumns]*blocks.RODataColumn
 		scs[3] = &expected[0]
 
 		dataColumnCacheEntry := dataColumnCacheEntry{scs: scs, diskSummary: diskSummary}
 
-		actual, err := dataColumnCacheEntry.filter(root, &commitmentsArray)
+		actual, err := dataColumnCacheEntry.filter(expected[0].BlockRoot(), &commitmentsArray)
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 
 		require.DeepEqual(t, expected, actual)

beacon-chain/db/filesystem/BUILD.bazel

@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@ go_test(
         "//beacon-chain/verification:go_default_library",
         "//config/fieldparams:go_default_library",
         "//config/params:go_default_library",
+        "//consensus-types/blocks:go_default_library",
         "//consensus-types/primitives:go_default_library",
         "//encoding/bytesutil:go_default_library",
         "//proto/prysm/v1alpha1:go_default_library",

beacon-chain/db/filesystem/blob.go

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ func directoryPermissions() os.FileMode {
 var (
 	errIndexOutOfBounds    = errors.New("blob index in file name >= MAX_BLOBS_PER_BLOCK")
 	errSidecarEmptySSZData = errors.New("sidecar marshalled to an empty ssz byte slice")
-	errNoBasePath          = errors.New("BlobStorage base path not specified in init")
+	errNoBlobBasePath      = errors.New("BlobStorage base path not specified in init")
 )
 
 // BlobStorageOption is a functional option for configuring a BlobStorage.
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ func NewBlobStorage(opts ...BlobStorageOption) (*BlobStorage, error) {
 	// Allow tests to set up a different fs using WithFs.
 	if b.fs == nil {
 		if b.base == "" {
-			return nil, errNoBasePath
+			return nil, errNoBlobBasePath
 		}
 		b.base = path.Clean(b.base)
 		if err := file.MkdirAll(b.base); err != nil {

beacon-chain/db/filesystem/blob_test.go

@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ func writeFakeSSZ(t *testing.T, fs afero.Fs, root [32]byte, slot primitives.Slot
 
 func TestNewBlobStorage(t *testing.T) {
 	_, err := NewBlobStorage()
-	require.ErrorIs(t, err, errNoBasePath)
+	require.ErrorIs(t, err, errNoBlobBasePath)
 	_, err = NewBlobStorage(WithBasePath(path.Join(t.TempDir(), "good")))
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 }

beacon-chain/db/filesystem/data_column.go

@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ var (
 	errTooManyDataColumns                   = errors.New("too many data columns")
 	errWrongSszEncodedDataColumnSidecarSize = errors.New("wrong SSZ encoded data column sidecar size")
 	errDataColumnSidecarsFromDifferentSlots = errors.New("data column sidecars from different slots")
+	errNoDataColumnBasePath                 = errors.New("DataColumnStorage base path not specified in init")
 )
 
 type (
@@ -142,7 +143,7 @@ func NewDataColumnStorage(ctx context.Context, opts ...DataColumnStorageOption)
 	// Allow tests to set up a different fs using WithFs.
 	if storage.fs == nil {
 		if storage.base == "" {
-			return nil, errNoBasePath
+			return nil, errNoDataColumnBasePath
 		}
 
 		storage.base = path.Clean(storage.base)

beacon-chain/db/filesystem/data_column_test.go

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import (
 
 	fieldparams "github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/config/fieldparams"
 	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/config/params"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/consensus-types/blocks"
 	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/consensus-types/primitives"
 	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/testing/require"
 	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/testing/util"
@@ -18,7 +19,7 @@ func TestNewDataColumnStorage(t *testing.T) {
 
 	t.Run("No base path", func(t *testing.T) {
 		_, err := NewDataColumnStorage(ctx)
-		require.ErrorIs(t, err, errNoBasePath)
+		require.ErrorIs(t, err, errNoDataColumnBasePath)
 	})
 
 	t.Run("Nominal", func(t *testing.T) {
@@ -40,32 +41,18 @@ func TestWarmCache(t *testing.T) {
 
 	_, verifiedRoDataColumnSidecars := util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(
 		t,
-		util.DataColumnsParamsByRoot{
-			{0}: {
-				{Slot: 33, ColumnIndex: 2, DataColumn: []byte{1, 2, 3}}, // Period 0 - Epoch 1
-				{Slot: 33, ColumnIndex: 4, DataColumn: []byte{2, 3, 4}}, // Period 0 - Epoch 1
-			},
-			{1}: {
-				{Slot: 128_002, ColumnIndex: 2, DataColumn: []byte{1, 2, 3}}, // Period 0 - Epoch 4000
-				{Slot: 128_002, ColumnIndex: 4, DataColumn: []byte{2, 3, 4}}, // Period 0 - Epoch 4000
-			},
-			{2}: {
-				{Slot: 128_003, ColumnIndex: 1, DataColumn: []byte{1, 2, 3}}, // Period 0 - Epoch 4000
-				{Slot: 128_003, ColumnIndex: 3, DataColumn: []byte{2, 3, 4}}, // Period 0 - Epoch 4000
-			},
-			{3}: {
-				{Slot: 128_034, ColumnIndex: 2, DataColumn: []byte{1, 2, 3}}, // Period 0 - Epoch 4001
-				{Slot: 128_034, ColumnIndex: 4, DataColumn: []byte{2, 3, 4}}, // Period 0 - Epoch 4001
-			},
-			{4}: {
-				{Slot: 131_138, ColumnIndex: 2, DataColumn: []byte{1, 2, 3}}, // Period 1 - Epoch 4098
-			},
-			{5}: {
-				{Slot: 131_138, ColumnIndex: 1, DataColumn: []byte{1, 2, 3}}, // Period 1 - Epoch 4098
-			},
-			{6}: {
-				{Slot: 131_168, ColumnIndex: 0, DataColumn: []byte{1, 2, 3}}, // Period 1 - Epoch 4099
-			},
+		[]util.DataColumnParam{
+			{Slot: 33, Index: 2, Column: [][]byte{{1}, {2}, {3}}},      // Period 0 - Epoch 1
+			{Slot: 33, Index: 4, Column: [][]byte{{2}, {3}, {4}}},      // Period 0 - Epoch 1
+			{Slot: 128_002, Index: 2, Column: [][]byte{{1}, {2}, {3}}}, // Period 0 - Epoch 4000
+			{Slot: 128_002, Index: 4, Column: [][]byte{{2}, {3}, {4}}}, // Period 0 - Epoch 4000
+			{Slot: 128_003, Index: 1, Column: [][]byte{{1}, {2}, {3}}}, // Period 0 - Epoch 4000
+			{Slot: 128_003, Index: 3, Column: [][]byte{{2}, {3}, {4}}}, // Period 0 - Epoch 4000
+			{Slot: 128_034, Index: 2, Column: [][]byte{{1}, {2}, {3}}}, // Period 0 - Epoch 4001
+			{Slot: 128_034, Index: 4, Column: [][]byte{{2}, {3}, {4}}}, // Period 0 - Epoch 4001
+			{Slot: 131_138, Index: 2, Column: [][]byte{{1}, {2}, {3}}}, // Period 1 - Epoch 4098
+			{Slot: 131_138, Index: 1, Column: [][]byte{{1}, {2}, {3}}}, // Period 1 - Epoch 4098
+			{Slot: 131_168, Index: 0, Column: [][]byte{{1}, {2}, {3}}}, // Period 1 - Epoch 4099
 		},
 	)
 
@@ -76,29 +63,25 @@ func TestWarmCache(t *testing.T) {
 
 	storage.WarmCache()
 	require.Equal(t, primitives.Epoch(4_000), storage.cache.lowestCachedEpoch)
-	require.Equal(t, 6, len(storage.cache.cache))
+	require.Equal(t, 5, len(storage.cache.cache))
 
-	summary, ok := storage.cache.get([fieldparams.RootLength]byte{1})
+	summary, ok := storage.cache.get(verifiedRoDataColumnSidecars[2].BlockRoot())
 	require.Equal(t, true, ok)
 	require.DeepEqual(t, DataColumnStorageSummary{epoch: 4_000, mask: [fieldparams.NumberOfColumns]bool{false, false, true, false, true}}, summary)
 
-	summary, ok = storage.cache.get([fieldparams.RootLength]byte{2})
+	summary, ok = storage.cache.get(verifiedRoDataColumnSidecars[4].BlockRoot())
 	require.Equal(t, true, ok)
 	require.DeepEqual(t, DataColumnStorageSummary{epoch: 4_000, mask: [fieldparams.NumberOfColumns]bool{false, true, false, true}}, summary)
 
-	summary, ok = storage.cache.get([fieldparams.RootLength]byte{3})
+	summary, ok = storage.cache.get(verifiedRoDataColumnSidecars[6].BlockRoot())
 	require.Equal(t, true, ok)
 	require.DeepEqual(t, DataColumnStorageSummary{epoch: 4_001, mask: [fieldparams.NumberOfColumns]bool{false, false, true, false, true}}, summary)
 
-	summary, ok = storage.cache.get([fieldparams.RootLength]byte{4})
+	summary, ok = storage.cache.get(verifiedRoDataColumnSidecars[8].BlockRoot())
 	require.Equal(t, true, ok)
-	require.DeepEqual(t, DataColumnStorageSummary{epoch: 4_098, mask: [fieldparams.NumberOfColumns]bool{false, false, true}}, summary)
+	require.DeepEqual(t, DataColumnStorageSummary{epoch: 4_098, mask: [fieldparams.NumberOfColumns]bool{false, true, true}}, summary)
 
-	summary, ok = storage.cache.get([fieldparams.RootLength]byte{5})
-	require.Equal(t, true, ok)
-	require.DeepEqual(t, DataColumnStorageSummary{epoch: 4_098, mask: [fieldparams.NumberOfColumns]bool{false, true}}, summary)
-
-	summary, ok = storage.cache.get([fieldparams.RootLength]byte{6})
+	summary, ok = storage.cache.get(verifiedRoDataColumnSidecars[10].BlockRoot())
 	require.Equal(t, true, ok)
 	require.DeepEqual(t, DataColumnStorageSummary{epoch: 4_099, mask: [fieldparams.NumberOfColumns]bool{true}}, summary)
 }
@@ -112,9 +95,7 @@ func TestSaveDataColumnsSidecars(t *testing.T) {
 
 		_, verifiedRoDataColumnSidecars := util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(
 			t,
-			util.DataColumnsParamsByRoot{
-				{}: {{ColumnIndex: 12}, {ColumnIndex: 1_000_000}, {ColumnIndex: 48}},
-			},
+			[]util.DataColumnParam{{Index: 12}, {Index: 1_000_000}, {Index: 48}},
 		)
 
 		_, dataColumnStorage := NewEphemeralDataColumnStorageAndFs(t)
@@ -125,7 +106,7 @@ func TestSaveDataColumnsSidecars(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("one of the column index is too large", func(t *testing.T) {
 		_, verifiedRoDataColumnSidecars := util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(
 			t,
-			util.DataColumnsParamsByRoot{{}: {{ColumnIndex: 12}, {ColumnIndex: 1_000_000}, {ColumnIndex: 48}}},
+			[]util.DataColumnParam{{Index: 12}, {Index: 1_000_000}, {Index: 48}},
 		)
 
 		_, dataColumnStorage := NewEphemeralDataColumnStorageAndFs(t)
@@ -136,23 +117,34 @@ func TestSaveDataColumnsSidecars(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("different slots", func(t *testing.T) {
 		_, verifiedRoDataColumnSidecars := util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(
 			t,
-			util.DataColumnsParamsByRoot{
-				{}: {
-					{Slot: 1, ColumnIndex: 12, DataColumn: []byte{1, 2, 3}},
-					{Slot: 2, ColumnIndex: 12, DataColumn: []byte{1, 2, 3}},
-				},
+			[]util.DataColumnParam{
+				{Slot: 1, Index: 12, Column: [][]byte{{1}, {2}, {3}}},
+				{Slot: 2, Index: 12, Column: [][]byte{{1}, {2}, {3}}},
 			},
 		)
 
+		// Create a sidecar with a different slot but the same root.
+		alteredVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars := make([]blocks.VerifiedRODataColumn, 0, 2)
+		alteredVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars = append(alteredVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars, verifiedRoDataColumnSidecars[0])
+
+		altered, err := blocks.NewRODataColumnWithRoot(
+			verifiedRoDataColumnSidecars[1].RODataColumn.DataColumnSidecar,
+			verifiedRoDataColumnSidecars[0].BlockRoot(),
+		)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		verifiedAltered := blocks.NewVerifiedRODataColumn(altered)
+		alteredVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars = append(alteredVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars, verifiedAltered)
+
 		_, dataColumnStorage := NewEphemeralDataColumnStorageAndFs(t)
-		err := dataColumnStorage.Save(verifiedRoDataColumnSidecars)
+		err = dataColumnStorage.Save(alteredVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars)
 		require.ErrorIs(t, err, errDataColumnSidecarsFromDifferentSlots)
 	})
 
 	t.Run("new file - no data columns to save", func(t *testing.T) {
 		_, verifiedRoDataColumnSidecars := util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(
 			t,
-			util.DataColumnsParamsByRoot{{}: {}},
+			[]util.DataColumnParam{},
 		)
 
 		_, dataColumnStorage := NewEphemeralDataColumnStorageAndFs(t)
@@ -163,11 +155,9 @@ func TestSaveDataColumnsSidecars(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("new file - different data column size", func(t *testing.T) {
 		_, verifiedRoDataColumnSidecars := util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(
 			t,
-			util.DataColumnsParamsByRoot{
-				{}: {
-					{ColumnIndex: 12, DataColumn: []byte{1, 2, 3}},
-					{ColumnIndex: 11, DataColumn: []byte{1, 2, 3, 4}},
-				},
+			[]util.DataColumnParam{
+				{Slot: 1, Index: 12, Column: [][]byte{{1}, {2}, {3}}},
+				{Slot: 1, Index: 13, Column: [][]byte{{1}, {2}, {3}, {4}}},
 			},
 		)
 
@@ -179,7 +169,9 @@ func TestSaveDataColumnsSidecars(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("existing file - wrong incoming SSZ encoded size", func(t *testing.T) {
 		_, verifiedRoDataColumnSidecars := util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(
 			t,
-			util.DataColumnsParamsByRoot{{1}: {{ColumnIndex: 12, DataColumn: []byte{1, 2, 3}}}},
+			[]util.DataColumnParam{
+				{Slot: 1, Index: 12, Column: [][]byte{{1}, {2}, {3}}},
+			},
 		)
 
 		// Save data columns into a file.
@@ -191,7 +183,9 @@ func TestSaveDataColumnsSidecars(t *testing.T) {
 		// column index and an different SSZ encoded size.
 		_, verifiedRoDataColumnSidecars = util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(
 			t,
-			util.DataColumnsParamsByRoot{{1}: {{ColumnIndex: 13, DataColumn: []byte{1, 2, 3, 4}}}},
+			[]util.DataColumnParam{
+				{Slot: 1, Index: 13, Column: [][]byte{{1}, {2}, {3}, {4}}},
+			},
 		)
 
 		// Try to rewrite the file.
@@ -202,17 +196,13 @@ func TestSaveDataColumnsSidecars(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("nominal", func(t *testing.T) {
 		_, inputVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars := util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(
 			t,
-			util.DataColumnsParamsByRoot{
-				{1}: {
-					{ColumnIndex: 12, DataColumn: []byte{1, 2, 3}},
-					{ColumnIndex: 11, DataColumn: []byte{3, 4, 5}},
-					{ColumnIndex: 12, DataColumn: []byte{1, 2, 3}}, // OK if duplicate
-					{ColumnIndex: 13, DataColumn: []byte{6, 7, 8}},
-				},
-				{2}: {
-					{ColumnIndex: 12, DataColumn: []byte{3, 4, 5}},
-					{ColumnIndex: 13, DataColumn: []byte{6, 7, 8}},
-				},
+			[]util.DataColumnParam{
+				{Slot: 1, Index: 12, Column: [][]byte{{1}, {2}, {3}}},
+				{Slot: 1, Index: 11, Column: [][]byte{{3}, {4}, {5}}},
+				{Slot: 1, Index: 12, Column: [][]byte{{1}, {2}, {3}}}, // OK if duplicate
+				{Slot: 1, Index: 13, Column: [][]byte{{6}, {7}, {8}}},
+				{Slot: 2, Index: 12, Column: [][]byte{{3}, {4}, {5}}},
+				{Slot: 2, Index: 13, Column: [][]byte{{6}, {7}, {8}}},
 			},
 		)
 
@@ -222,16 +212,12 @@ func TestSaveDataColumnsSidecars(t *testing.T) {
 
 		_, inputVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars = util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(
 			t,
-			util.DataColumnsParamsByRoot{
-				{1}: {
-					{ColumnIndex: 12, DataColumn: []byte{1, 2, 3}}, // OK if duplicate
-					{ColumnIndex: 15, DataColumn: []byte{2, 3, 4}},
-					{ColumnIndex: 1, DataColumn: []byte{2, 3, 4}},
-				},
-				{3}: {
-					{ColumnIndex: 6, DataColumn: []byte{3, 4, 5}},
-					{ColumnIndex: 2, DataColumn: []byte{6, 7, 8}},
-				},
+			[]util.DataColumnParam{
+				{Slot: 1, Index: 12, Column: [][]byte{{1}, {2}, {3}}}, // OK if duplicate
+				{Slot: 1, Index: 15, Column: [][]byte{{2}, {3}, {4}}},
+				{Slot: 1, Index: 1, Column: [][]byte{{2}, {3}, {4}}},
+				{Slot: 3, Index: 6, Column: [][]byte{{3}, {4}, {5}}},
+				{Slot: 3, Index: 2, Column: [][]byte{{6}, {7}, {8}}},
 			},
 		)
 
@@ -240,51 +226,47 @@ func TestSaveDataColumnsSidecars(t *testing.T) {
 
 		type fixture struct {
 			fileName         string
-			blockRoot        [fieldparams.RootLength]byte
 			expectedIndices  [mandatoryNumberOfColumns]byte
-			dataColumnParams []util.DataColumnParams
+			dataColumnParams []util.DataColumnParam
 		}
 
 		fixtures := []fixture{
 			{
-				fileName:  "0/0/0x0100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000.sszs",
-				blockRoot: [fieldparams.RootLength]byte{1},
+				fileName: "0/0/0x8bb2f09de48c102635622dc27e6de03ae2b22639df7c33edbc8222b2ec423746.sszs",
 				expectedIndices: [mandatoryNumberOfColumns]byte{
 					0, nonZeroOffset + 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
 					0, 0, 0, nonZeroOffset + 1, nonZeroOffset, nonZeroOffset + 2, 0, nonZeroOffset + 3,
 					// The rest is filled with zeroes.
 				},
-				dataColumnParams: []util.DataColumnParams{
-					{ColumnIndex: 12, DataColumn: []byte{1, 2, 3}},
-					{ColumnIndex: 11, DataColumn: []byte{3, 4, 5}},
-					{ColumnIndex: 13, DataColumn: []byte{6, 7, 8}},
-					{ColumnIndex: 15, DataColumn: []byte{2, 3, 4}},
-					{ColumnIndex: 1, DataColumn: []byte{2, 3, 4}},
+				dataColumnParams: []util.DataColumnParam{
+					{Slot: 1, Index: 12, Column: [][]byte{{1}, {2}, {3}}},
+					{Slot: 1, Index: 11, Column: [][]byte{{3}, {4}, {5}}},
+					{Slot: 1, Index: 13, Column: [][]byte{{6}, {7}, {8}}},
+					{Slot: 1, Index: 15, Column: [][]byte{{2}, {3}, {4}}},
+					{Slot: 1, Index: 1, Column: [][]byte{{2}, {3}, {4}}},
 				},
 			},
 			{
-				fileName:  "0/0/0x0200000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000.sszs",
-				blockRoot: [fieldparams.RootLength]byte{2},
+				fileName: "0/0/0x221f88cae2219050d4e9d8c2d0d83cb4c8ce4c84ab1bb3e0b89f3dec36077c4f.sszs",
 				expectedIndices: [mandatoryNumberOfColumns]byte{
 					0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
 					0, 0, 0, 0, nonZeroOffset, nonZeroOffset + 1, 0, 0,
 					// The rest is filled with zeroes.
 				},
-				dataColumnParams: []util.DataColumnParams{
-					{ColumnIndex: 12, DataColumn: []byte{3, 4, 5}},
-					{ColumnIndex: 13, DataColumn: []byte{6, 7, 8}},
+				dataColumnParams: []util.DataColumnParam{
+					{Slot: 2, Index: 12, Column: [][]byte{{3}, {4}, {5}}},
+					{Slot: 2, Index: 13, Column: [][]byte{{6}, {7}, {8}}},
 				},
 			},
 			{
-				fileName:  "0/0/0x0300000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000.sszs",
-				blockRoot: [fieldparams.RootLength]byte{3},
+				fileName: "0/0/0x7b163bd57e1c4c8b5048c5389698098f4c957d62d7ce86f4ffa9bdc75c16a18b.sszs",
 				expectedIndices: [mandatoryNumberOfColumns]byte{
 					0, 0, nonZeroOffset + 1, 0, 0, 0, nonZeroOffset, 0,
 					// The rest is filled with zeroes.
 				},
-				dataColumnParams: []util.DataColumnParams{
-					{ColumnIndex: 6, DataColumn: []byte{3, 4, 5}},
-					{ColumnIndex: 2, DataColumn: []byte{6, 7, 8}},
+				dataColumnParams: []util.DataColumnParam{
+					{Slot: 3, Index: 6, Column: [][]byte{{3}, {4}, {5}}},
+					{Slot: 3, Index: 2, Column: [][]byte{{6}, {7}, {8}}},
 				},
 			},
 		}
@@ -293,7 +275,7 @@ func TestSaveDataColumnsSidecars(t *testing.T) {
 			// Build expected data column sidecars.
 			_, expectedDataColumnSidecars := util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(
 				t,
-				util.DataColumnsParamsByRoot{fixture.blockRoot: fixture.dataColumnParams},
+				fixture.dataColumnParams,
 			)
 
 			// Build expected bytes.
@@ -320,6 +302,8 @@ func TestSaveDataColumnsSidecars(t *testing.T) {
 			expectedBytes = append(expectedBytes, fixture.expectedIndices[:]...)
 			expectedBytes = append(expectedBytes, sszEncodedDataColumnSidecars...)
 
+			blockRoot := expectedDataColumnSidecars[0].BlockRoot()
+
 			// Check the actual content of the file.
 			actualBytes, err := afero.ReadFile(dataColumnStorage.fs, fixture.fileName)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
@@ -328,18 +312,18 @@ func TestSaveDataColumnsSidecars(t *testing.T) {
 			// Check the summary.
 			indices := map[uint64]bool{}
 			for _, dataColumnParam := range fixture.dataColumnParams {
-				indices[dataColumnParam.ColumnIndex] = true
+				indices[dataColumnParam.Index] = true
 			}
 
-			summary := dataColumnStorage.Summary(fixture.blockRoot)
+			summary := dataColumnStorage.Summary(blockRoot)
 			for index := range uint64(mandatoryNumberOfColumns) {
 				require.Equal(t, indices[index], summary.HasIndex(index))
 			}
 
-			err = dataColumnStorage.Remove(fixture.blockRoot)
+			err = dataColumnStorage.Remove(blockRoot)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 
-			summary = dataColumnStorage.Summary(fixture.blockRoot)
+			summary = dataColumnStorage.Summary(blockRoot)
 			for index := range uint64(mandatoryNumberOfColumns) {
 				require.Equal(t, false, summary.HasIndex(index))
 			}
@@ -362,11 +346,9 @@ func TestGetDataColumnSidecars(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("indices not found", func(t *testing.T) {
 		_, savedVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars := util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(
 			t,
-			util.DataColumnsParamsByRoot{
-				{1}: {
-					{ColumnIndex: 12, DataColumn: []byte{1, 2, 3}},
-					{ColumnIndex: 14, DataColumn: []byte{2, 3, 4}},
-				},
+			[]util.DataColumnParam{
+				{Index: 12, Column: [][]byte{{1}, {2}, {3}}},
+				{Index: 14, Column: [][]byte{{2}, {3}, {4}}},
 			},
 		)
 
@@ -374,7 +356,7 @@ func TestGetDataColumnSidecars(t *testing.T) {
 		err := dataColumnStorage.Save(savedVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars)
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 
-		verifiedRODataColumnSidecars, err := dataColumnStorage.Get([fieldparams.RootLength]byte{1}, []uint64{3, 1, 2})
+		verifiedRODataColumnSidecars, err := dataColumnStorage.Get(savedVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars[0].BlockRoot(), []uint64{3, 1, 2})
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 		require.Equal(t, 0, len(verifiedRODataColumnSidecars))
 	})
@@ -382,11 +364,9 @@ func TestGetDataColumnSidecars(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("nominal", func(t *testing.T) {
 		_, expectedVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars := util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(
 			t,
-			util.DataColumnsParamsByRoot{
-				{1}: {
-					{ColumnIndex: 12, DataColumn: []byte{1, 2, 3}},
-					{ColumnIndex: 14, DataColumn: []byte{2, 3, 4}},
-				},
+			[]util.DataColumnParam{
+				{Index: 12, Column: [][]byte{{1}, {2}, {3}}},
+				{Index: 14, Column: [][]byte{{2}, {3}, {4}}},
 			},
 		)
 
@@ -394,11 +374,13 @@ func TestGetDataColumnSidecars(t *testing.T) {
 		err := dataColumnStorage.Save(expectedVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars)
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 
-		verifiedRODataColumnSidecars, err := dataColumnStorage.Get([fieldparams.RootLength]byte{1}, nil)
+		root := expectedVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars[0].BlockRoot()
+
+		verifiedRODataColumnSidecars, err := dataColumnStorage.Get(root, nil)
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 		require.DeepSSZEqual(t, expectedVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars, verifiedRODataColumnSidecars)
 
-		verifiedRODataColumnSidecars, err = dataColumnStorage.Get([fieldparams.RootLength]byte{1}, []uint64{12, 13, 14})
+		verifiedRODataColumnSidecars, err = dataColumnStorage.Get(root, []uint64{12, 13, 14})
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 		require.DeepSSZEqual(t, expectedVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars, verifiedRODataColumnSidecars)
 	})
@@ -414,15 +396,11 @@ func TestRemove(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("nominal", func(t *testing.T) {
 		_, inputVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars := util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(
 			t,
-			util.DataColumnsParamsByRoot{
-				{1}: {
-					{Slot: 32, ColumnIndex: 10, DataColumn: []byte{1, 2, 3}},
-					{Slot: 32, ColumnIndex: 11, DataColumn: []byte{2, 3, 4}},
-				},
-				{2}: {
-					{Slot: 33, ColumnIndex: 10, DataColumn: []byte{1, 2, 3}},
-					{Slot: 33, ColumnIndex: 11, DataColumn: []byte{2, 3, 4}},
-				},
+			[]util.DataColumnParam{
+				{Slot: 32, Index: 10, Column: [][]byte{{1}, {2}, {3}}},
+				{Slot: 32, Index: 11, Column: [][]byte{{2}, {3}, {4}}},
+				{Slot: 33, Index: 10, Column: [][]byte{{1}, {2}, {3}}},
+				{Slot: 33, Index: 11, Column: [][]byte{{2}, {3}, {4}}},
 			},
 		)
 
@@ -430,22 +408,22 @@ func TestRemove(t *testing.T) {
 		err := dataColumnStorage.Save(inputVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars)
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 
-		err = dataColumnStorage.Remove([fieldparams.RootLength]byte{1})
+		err = dataColumnStorage.Remove(inputVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars[0].BlockRoot())
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 
-		summary := dataColumnStorage.Summary([fieldparams.RootLength]byte{1})
+		summary := dataColumnStorage.Summary(inputVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars[0].BlockRoot())
 		require.Equal(t, primitives.Epoch(0), summary.epoch)
 		require.Equal(t, uint64(0), summary.Count())
 
-		summary = dataColumnStorage.Summary([fieldparams.RootLength]byte{2})
+		summary = dataColumnStorage.Summary(inputVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars[3].BlockRoot())
 		require.Equal(t, primitives.Epoch(1), summary.epoch)
 		require.Equal(t, uint64(2), summary.Count())
 
-		actual, err := dataColumnStorage.Get([fieldparams.RootLength]byte{1}, nil)
+		actual, err := dataColumnStorage.Get(inputVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars[0].BlockRoot(), nil)
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 		require.Equal(t, 0, len(actual))
 
-		actual, err = dataColumnStorage.Get([fieldparams.RootLength]byte{2}, nil)
+		actual, err = dataColumnStorage.Get(inputVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars[3].BlockRoot(), nil)
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 		require.Equal(t, 2, len(actual))
 	})
@@ -454,9 +432,9 @@ func TestRemove(t *testing.T) {
 func TestClear(t *testing.T) {
 	_, inputVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars := util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(
 		t,
-		util.DataColumnsParamsByRoot{
-			{1}: {{ColumnIndex: 12, DataColumn: []byte{1, 2, 3}}},
-			{2}: {{ColumnIndex: 13, DataColumn: []byte{6, 7, 8}}},
+		[]util.DataColumnParam{
+			{Slot: 1, Index: 12, Column: [][]byte{{1}, {2}, {3}}},
+			{Slot: 2, Index: 13, Column: [][]byte{{6}, {7}, {8}}},
 		},
 	)
 
@@ -465,8 +443,8 @@ func TestClear(t *testing.T) {
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	filePaths := []string{
-		"0/0/0x0100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000.sszs",
-		"0/0/0x0200000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000.sszs",
+		"0/0/0x8bb2f09de48c102635622dc27e6de03ae2b22639df7c33edbc8222b2ec423746.sszs",
+		"0/0/0x221f88cae2219050d4e9d8c2d0d83cb4c8ce4c84ab1bb3e0b89f3dec36077c4f.sszs",
 	}
 
 	for _, filePath := range filePaths {
@@ -492,8 +470,8 @@ func TestMetadata(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("wrong version", func(t *testing.T) {
 		_, verifiedRoDataColumnSidecars := util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(
 			t,
-			util.DataColumnsParamsByRoot{
-				{1}: {{ColumnIndex: 12, DataColumn: []byte{1, 2, 3}}},
+			[]util.DataColumnParam{
+				{Slot: 1, Index: 12, Column: [][]byte{{1}, {2}, {3}}},
 			},
 		)
 
@@ -503,7 +481,7 @@ func TestMetadata(t *testing.T) {
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 
 		// Alter the version.
-		const filePath = "0/0/0x0100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000.sszs"
+		const filePath = "0/0/0x8bb2f09de48c102635622dc27e6de03ae2b22639df7c33edbc8222b2ec423746.sszs"
 		file, err := dataColumnStorage.fs.OpenFile(filePath, os.O_WRONLY, os.FileMode(0600))
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 
@@ -643,31 +621,19 @@ func TestPrune(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 		_, verifiedRoDataColumnSidecars := util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(
 			t,
-			util.DataColumnsParamsByRoot{
-				{0}: {
-					{Slot: 33, ColumnIndex: 2, DataColumn: []byte{1, 2, 3}}, // Period 0 - Epoch 1
-					{Slot: 33, ColumnIndex: 4, DataColumn: []byte{2, 3, 4}}, // Period 0 - Epoch 1
-				},
-				{1}: {
-					{Slot: 128_002, ColumnIndex: 2, DataColumn: []byte{1, 2, 3}}, // Period 0 - Epoch 4000
-					{Slot: 128_002, ColumnIndex: 4, DataColumn: []byte{2, 3, 4}}, // Period 0 - Epoch 4000
-				},
-				{2}: {
-					{Slot: 128_003, ColumnIndex: 1, DataColumn: []byte{1, 2, 3}}, // Period 0 - Epoch 4000
-					{Slot: 128_003, ColumnIndex: 3, DataColumn: []byte{2, 3, 4}}, // Period 0 - Epoch 4000
-				},
-				{3}: {
-					{Slot: 131_138, ColumnIndex: 2, DataColumn: []byte{1, 2, 3}}, // Period 1 - Epoch 4098
-					{Slot: 131_138, ColumnIndex: 3, DataColumn: []byte{1, 2, 3}}, // Period 1 - Epoch 4098
-				},
-				{4}: {
-					{Slot: 131_169, ColumnIndex: 2, DataColumn: []byte{1, 2, 3}}, // Period 1 - Epoch 4099
-					{Slot: 131_169, ColumnIndex: 3, DataColumn: []byte{1, 2, 3}}, // Period 1 - Epoch 4099
-				},
-				{5}: {
-					{Slot: 262_144, ColumnIndex: 2, DataColumn: []byte{1, 2, 3}}, // Period 2 - Epoch 8192
-					{Slot: 262_144, ColumnIndex: 3, DataColumn: []byte{1, 2, 3}}, // Period 2 - Epoch 8292
-				},
+			[]util.DataColumnParam{
+				{Slot: 33, Index: 2, Column: [][]byte{{1}, {2}, {3}}},      // Period 0 - Epoch 1
+				{Slot: 33, Index: 4, Column: [][]byte{{2}, {3}, {4}}},      // Period 0 - Epoch 1
+				{Slot: 128_002, Index: 2, Column: [][]byte{{1}, {2}, {3}}}, // Period 0 - Epoch 4000
+				{Slot: 128_002, Index: 4, Column: [][]byte{{2}, {3}, {4}}}, // Period 0 - Epoch 4000
+				{Slot: 128_003, Index: 1, Column: [][]byte{{1}, {2}, {3}}}, // Period 0 - Epoch 4000
+				{Slot: 128_003, Index: 3, Column: [][]byte{{2}, {3}, {4}}}, // Period 0 - Epoch 4000
+				{Slot: 131_138, Index: 2, Column: [][]byte{{1}, {2}, {3}}}, // Period 1 - Epoch 4098
+				{Slot: 131_138, Index: 3, Column: [][]byte{{1}, {2}, {3}}}, // Period 1 - Epoch 4098
+				{Slot: 131_169, Index: 2, Column: [][]byte{{1}, {2}, {3}}}, // Period 1 - Epoch 4099
+				{Slot: 131_169, Index: 3, Column: [][]byte{{1}, {2}, {3}}}, // Period 1 - Epoch 4099
+				{Slot: 262_144, Index: 2, Column: [][]byte{{1}, {2}, {3}}}, // Period 2 - Epoch 8192
+				{Slot: 262_144, Index: 3, Column: [][]byte{{1}, {2}, {3}}}, // Period 2 - Epoch 8292
 			},
 		)
 
@@ -696,31 +662,31 @@ func TestPrune(t *testing.T) {
 
 		dirs, err = listDir(dataColumnStorage.fs, "0/1")
 		require.NoError(t, err)
-		require.Equal(t, true, compareSlices([]string{"0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000.sszs"}, dirs))
+		require.Equal(t, true, compareSlices([]string{"0x775283f428813c949b7e8af07f01fef9790137f021b3597ad2d0d81e8be8f0f0.sszs"}, dirs))
 
 		dirs, err = listDir(dataColumnStorage.fs, "0/4000")
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 		require.Equal(t, true, compareSlices([]string{
-			"0x0200000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000.sszs",
-			"0x0100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000.sszs",
+			"0x9977031132157ebb9c81bce952003ce07a4f54e921ca63b7693d1562483fdf9f.sszs",
+			"0xb2b14d9d858fa99b70f0405e4e39f38e51e36dd9a70343c109e24eeb5f77e369.sszs",
 		}, dirs))
 
 		dirs, err = listDir(dataColumnStorage.fs, "1/4098")
 		require.NoError(t, err)
-		require.Equal(t, true, compareSlices([]string{"0x0300000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000.sszs"}, dirs))
+		require.Equal(t, true, compareSlices([]string{"0x5106745cdd6b1aa3602ef4d000ef373af672019264c167fa4bd641a1094aa5c5.sszs"}, dirs))
 
 		dirs, err = listDir(dataColumnStorage.fs, "1/4099")
 		require.NoError(t, err)
-		require.Equal(t, true, compareSlices([]string{"0x0400000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000.sszs"}, dirs))
+		require.Equal(t, true, compareSlices([]string{"0x4e5f2bd5bb84bf0422af8edd1cc5a52cc6cea85baf3d66d172fe41831ac1239c.sszs"}, dirs))
 
 		dirs, err = listDir(dataColumnStorage.fs, "2/8192")
 		require.NoError(t, err)
-		require.Equal(t, true, compareSlices([]string{"0x0500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000.sszs"}, dirs))
+		require.Equal(t, true, compareSlices([]string{"0xa8adba7446eb56a01a9dd6d55e9c3990b10c91d43afb77847b4a21ac4ee62527.sszs"}, dirs))
 
 		_, verifiedRoDataColumnSidecars = util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(
 			t,
-			util.DataColumnsParamsByRoot{
-				{6}: {{Slot: 451_141, ColumnIndex: 2, DataColumn: []byte{1, 2, 3}}}, // Period 3 - Epoch 14_098
+			[]util.DataColumnParam{
+				{Slot: 451_141, Index: 2, Column: [][]byte{{1}, {2}, {3}}}, // Period 3 - Epoch 14_098
 			},
 		)
 
@@ -748,14 +714,14 @@ func TestPrune(t *testing.T) {
 
 		dirs, err = listDir(dataColumnStorage.fs, "1/4099")
 		require.NoError(t, err)
-		require.Equal(t, true, compareSlices([]string{"0x0400000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000.sszs"}, dirs))
+		require.Equal(t, true, compareSlices([]string{"0x4e5f2bd5bb84bf0422af8edd1cc5a52cc6cea85baf3d66d172fe41831ac1239c.sszs"}, dirs))
 
 		dirs, err = listDir(dataColumnStorage.fs, "2/8192")
 		require.NoError(t, err)
-		require.Equal(t, true, compareSlices([]string{"0x0500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000.sszs"}, dirs))
+		require.Equal(t, true, compareSlices([]string{"0xa8adba7446eb56a01a9dd6d55e9c3990b10c91d43afb77847b4a21ac4ee62527.sszs"}, dirs))
 
 		dirs, err = listDir(dataColumnStorage.fs, "3/14098")
 		require.NoError(t, err)
-		require.Equal(t, true, compareSlices([]string{"0x0600000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000.sszs"}, dirs))
+		require.Equal(t, true, compareSlices([]string{"0x0de28a18cae63cbc6f0b20dc1afb0b1df38da40824a5f09f92d485ade04de97f.sszs"}, dirs))
 	})
 }

beacon-chain/db/kv/BUILD.bazel

@@ -25,6 +25,9 @@ go_library(
         "migration_state_validators.go",
         "schema.go",
         "state.go",
+        "state_diff.go",
+        "state_diff_cache.go",
+        "state_diff_helpers.go",
         "state_summary.go",
         "state_summary_cache.go",
         "utils.go",
@@ -44,6 +47,7 @@ go_library(
         "//config/fieldparams:go_default_library",
         "//config/params:go_default_library",
         "//consensus-types/blocks:go_default_library",
+        "//consensus-types/hdiff:go_default_library",
         "//consensus-types/interfaces:go_default_library",
         "//consensus-types/light-client:go_default_library",
         "//consensus-types/primitives:go_default_library",
@@ -51,6 +55,7 @@ go_library(
         "//encoding/bytesutil:go_default_library",
         "//encoding/ssz/detect:go_default_library",
         "//io/file:go_default_library",
+        "//math:go_default_library",
         "//monitoring/progress:go_default_library",
         "//monitoring/tracing:go_default_library",
         "//monitoring/tracing/trace:go_default_library",
@@ -94,6 +99,7 @@ go_test(
         "migration_archived_index_test.go",
         "migration_block_slot_index_test.go",
         "migration_state_validators_test.go",
+        "state_diff_test.go",
         "state_summary_test.go",
         "state_test.go",
         "utils_test.go",
@@ -116,6 +122,7 @@ go_test(
         "//consensus-types/light-client:go_default_library",
         "//consensus-types/primitives:go_default_library",
         "//encoding/bytesutil:go_default_library",
+        "//math:go_default_library",
         "//proto/dbval:go_default_library",
         "//proto/engine/v1:go_default_library",
         "//proto/prysm/v1alpha1:go_default_library",

beacon-chain/db/kv/kv.go

@@ -91,6 +91,7 @@ type Store struct {
 	blockCache          *ristretto.Cache[string, interfaces.ReadOnlySignedBeaconBlock]
 	validatorEntryCache *ristretto.Cache[[]byte, *ethpb.Validator]
 	stateSummaryCache   *stateSummaryCache
+	stateDiffCache      *stateDiffCache
 	ctx                 context.Context
 }
 
@@ -112,6 +113,7 @@ var Buckets = [][]byte{
 	lightClientUpdatesBucket,
 	lightClientBootstrapBucket,
 	lightClientSyncCommitteeBucket,
+	stateDiffBucket,
 	// Indices buckets.
 	blockSlotIndicesBucket,
 	stateSlotIndicesBucket,
@@ -182,6 +184,7 @@ func NewKVStore(ctx context.Context, dirPath string, opts ...KVStoreOption) (*St
 		blockCache:          blockCache,
 		validatorEntryCache: validatorCache,
 		stateSummaryCache:   newStateSummaryCache(),
+		stateDiffCache:      nil,
 		ctx:                 ctx,
 	}
 	for _, o := range opts {
@@ -200,6 +203,14 @@ func NewKVStore(ctx context.Context, dirPath string, opts ...KVStoreOption) (*St
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
+	if features.Get().EnableStateDiff {
+		sdCache, err := newStateDiffCache(kv)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		kv.stateDiffCache = sdCache
+	}
+
 	return kv, nil
 }
 

beacon-chain/db/kv/schema.go

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ var (
 	stateValidatorsBucket = []byte("state-validators")
 	feeRecipientBucket    = []byte("fee-recipient")
 	registrationBucket    = []byte("registration")
+	stateDiffBucket       = []byte("state-diff")
 
 	// Light Client Updates Bucket
 	lightClientUpdatesBucket       = []byte("light-client-updates")

beacon-chain/db/kv/state_diff.go

@@ -0,0 +1,232 @@
+package kv
+
+import (
+	"context"
+
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/beacon-chain/state"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/config/params"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/consensus-types/hdiff"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/consensus-types/primitives"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/monitoring/tracing/trace"
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	bolt "go.etcd.io/bbolt"
+)
+
+const (
+	stateSuffix     = "_s"
+	validatorSuffix = "_v"
+	balancesSuffix  = "_b"
+)
+
+/*
+	We use a level-based approach to save state diffs. The levels are 0-6, where each level corresponds to an exponent of 2 (exponents[lvl]).
+	The data at level 0 is saved every 2**exponent[0] slots and always contains a full state snapshot that is used as a base for the delta saved at other levels.
+*/
+
+// saveStateByDiff takes a state and decides between saving a full state snapshot or a diff.
+func (s *Store) saveStateByDiff(ctx context.Context, st state.ReadOnlyBeaconState) error {
+	_, span := trace.StartSpan(ctx, "BeaconDB.saveStateByDiff")
+	defer span.End()
+
+	if st == nil {
+		return errors.New("state is nil")
+	}
+
+	slot := st.Slot()
+	offset := s.getOffset()
+	if uint64(slot) < offset {
+		return ErrSlotBeforeOffset
+	}
+
+	// Find the level to save the state.
+	lvl := computeLevel(offset, slot)
+	if lvl == -1 {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// Save full state if level is 0.
+	if lvl == 0 {
+		return s.saveFullSnapshot(st)
+	}
+
+	// Get anchor state to compute the diff from.
+	anchorState, err := s.getAnchorState(offset, lvl, slot)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	err = s.saveHdiff(lvl, anchorState, st)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// stateByDiff retrieves the full state for a given slot.
+func (s *Store) stateByDiff(ctx context.Context, slot primitives.Slot) (state.BeaconState, error) {
+	offset := s.getOffset()
+	if uint64(slot) < offset {
+		return nil, ErrSlotBeforeOffset
+	}
+
+	snapshot, diffChain, err := s.getBaseAndDiffChain(offset, slot)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	for _, diff := range diffChain {
+		snapshot, err = hdiff.ApplyDiff(ctx, snapshot, diff)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	return snapshot, nil
+}
+
+// SaveHdiff computes the diff between the anchor state and the current state and saves it to the database.
+func (s *Store) saveHdiff(lvl int, anchor, st state.ReadOnlyBeaconState) error {
+	slot := uint64(st.Slot())
+	key := makeKey(lvl, slot)
+
+	diff, err := hdiff.Diff(anchor, st)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	err = s.db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
+		bucket := tx.Bucket(stateDiffBucket)
+		if bucket == nil {
+			return bolt.ErrBucketNotFound
+		}
+		buf := append(key, stateSuffix...)
+		if err := bucket.Put(buf, diff.StateDiff); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		buf = append(key, validatorSuffix...)
+		if err := bucket.Put(buf, diff.ValidatorDiffs); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		buf = append(key, balancesSuffix...)
+		if err := bucket.Put(buf, diff.BalancesDiff); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// Save the full state to the cache (if not the last level).
+	if lvl != len(params.StateHierarchyExponents())-1 {
+		err = s.stateDiffCache.setAnchor(lvl, st)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// SaveFullSnapshot saves the full level 0 state snapshot to the database.
+func (s *Store) saveFullSnapshot(st state.ReadOnlyBeaconState) error {
+	slot := uint64(st.Slot())
+	key := makeKey(0, slot)
+	stateBytes, err := st.MarshalSSZ()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	// add version key to value
+	enc, err := addKey(st.Version(), stateBytes)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	err = s.db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
+		bucket := tx.Bucket(stateDiffBucket)
+		if bucket == nil {
+			return bolt.ErrBucketNotFound
+		}
+
+		if err := bucket.Put(key, enc); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		return nil
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	// Save the full state to the cache, and invalidate other levels.
+	s.stateDiffCache.clearAnchors()
+	err = s.stateDiffCache.setAnchor(0, st)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *Store) getDiff(lvl int, slot uint64) (hdiff.HdiffBytes, error) {
+	key := makeKey(lvl, slot)
+	var stateDiff []byte
+	var validatorDiff []byte
+	var balancesDiff []byte
+
+	err := s.db.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
+		bucket := tx.Bucket(stateDiffBucket)
+		if bucket == nil {
+			return bolt.ErrBucketNotFound
+		}
+		buf := append(key, stateSuffix...)
+		stateDiff = bucket.Get(buf)
+		if stateDiff == nil {
+			return errors.New("state diff not found")
+		}
+		buf = append(key, validatorSuffix...)
+		validatorDiff = bucket.Get(buf)
+		if validatorDiff == nil {
+			return errors.New("validator diff not found")
+		}
+		buf = append(key, balancesSuffix...)
+		balancesDiff = bucket.Get(buf)
+		if balancesDiff == nil {
+			return errors.New("balances diff not found")
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
+
+	if err != nil {
+		return hdiff.HdiffBytes{}, err
+	}
+
+	return hdiff.HdiffBytes{
+		StateDiff:      stateDiff,
+		ValidatorDiffs: validatorDiff,
+		BalancesDiff:   balancesDiff,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func (s *Store) getFullSnapshot(slot uint64) (state.BeaconState, error) {
+	key := makeKey(0, slot)
+	var enc []byte
+
+	err := s.db.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
+		bucket := tx.Bucket(stateDiffBucket)
+		if bucket == nil {
+			return bolt.ErrBucketNotFound
+		}
+		enc = bucket.Get(key)
+		if enc == nil {
+			return errors.New("state not found")
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
+
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return s.decodeStateSnapshot(enc)
+}

beacon-chain/db/kv/state_diff_cache.go

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+package kv
+
+import (
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"errors"
+	"sync"
+
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/beacon-chain/state"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/config/params"
+	"go.etcd.io/bbolt"
+)
+
+type stateDiffCache struct {
+	sync.RWMutex
+	anchors []state.ReadOnlyBeaconState
+	offset  uint64
+}
+
+func newStateDiffCache(s *Store) (*stateDiffCache, error) {
+	var offset uint64
+
+	err := s.db.View(func(tx *bbolt.Tx) error {
+		bucket := tx.Bucket(stateDiffBucket)
+		if bucket == nil {
+			return bbolt.ErrBucketNotFound
+		}
+
+		offsetBytes := bucket.Get([]byte("offset"))
+		if offsetBytes == nil {
+			return errors.New("state diff cache: offset not found")
+		}
+		offset = binary.LittleEndian.Uint64(offsetBytes)
+		return nil
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return &stateDiffCache{
+		anchors: make([]state.ReadOnlyBeaconState, len(params.StateHierarchyExponents())),
+		offset:  offset,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func (c *stateDiffCache) getAnchor(level int) state.ReadOnlyBeaconState {
+	c.RLock()
+	defer c.RUnlock()
+	return c.anchors[level]
+}
+
+func (c *stateDiffCache) setAnchor(level int, anchor state.ReadOnlyBeaconState) error {
+	c.Lock()
+	defer c.Unlock()
+	if level >= len(c.anchors) || level < 0 {
+		return errors.New("state diff cache: anchor level out of range")
+	}
+	c.anchors[level] = anchor
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (c *stateDiffCache) getOffset() uint64 {
+	c.RLock()
+	defer c.RUnlock()
+	return c.offset
+}
+
+func (c *stateDiffCache) setOffset(offset uint64) {
+	c.Lock()
+	defer c.Unlock()
+	c.offset = offset
+}
+
+func (c *stateDiffCache) clearAnchors() {
+	c.Lock()
+	defer c.Unlock()
+	c.anchors = make([]state.ReadOnlyBeaconState, len(params.StateHierarchyExponents()))
+}

beacon-chain/db/kv/state_diff_helpers.go

@@ -0,0 +1,234 @@
+package kv
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/beacon-chain/state"
+	state_native "github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/beacon-chain/state/state-native"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/config/params"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/consensus-types/hdiff"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/consensus-types/primitives"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/math"
+	ethpb "github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/proto/prysm/v1alpha1"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/runtime/version"
+	"go.etcd.io/bbolt"
+)
+
+var (
+	offsetKey           = []byte("offset")
+	ErrSlotBeforeOffset = errors.New("slot is before root offset")
+)
+
+func makeKey(level int, slot uint64) []byte {
+	buf := make([]byte, 16)
+	buf[0] = byte(level)
+	binary.LittleEndian.PutUint64(buf[1:], slot)
+	return buf
+}
+
+func (s *Store) getAnchorState(offset uint64, lvl int, slot primitives.Slot) (anchor state.ReadOnlyBeaconState, err error) {
+	if lvl <= 0 || lvl >= len(params.StateHierarchyExponents()) {
+		return nil, errors.New("invalid value for level")
+	}
+
+	relSlot := uint64(slot) - offset
+	prevExp := params.StateHierarchyExponents()[lvl-1]
+	span := math.PowerOf2(prevExp)
+	anchorSlot := primitives.Slot((relSlot / span * span) + offset)
+
+	// anchorLvl can be [0, lvl-1]
+	anchorLvl := computeLevel(offset, anchorSlot)
+	if anchorLvl == -1 {
+		return nil, errors.New("could not compute anchor level")
+	}
+
+	// Check if we have the anchor in cache.
+	anchor = s.stateDiffCache.getAnchor(anchorLvl)
+	if anchor != nil {
+		return anchor, nil
+	}
+
+	// If not, load it from the database.
+	anchor, err = s.stateByDiff(context.Background(), anchorSlot)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	// Save it in the cache.
+	err = s.stateDiffCache.setAnchor(anchorLvl, anchor)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return anchor, nil
+}
+
+// computeLevel computes the level in the diff tree. Returns -1 in case slot should not be in tree.
+func computeLevel(offset uint64, slot primitives.Slot) int {
+	rel := uint64(slot) - offset
+	for i, exp := range params.StateHierarchyExponents() {
+		span := math.PowerOf2(exp)
+		if rel%span == 0 {
+			return i
+		}
+	}
+	// If rel isn’t on any of the boundaries, we should ignore saving it.
+	return -1
+}
+
+func (s *Store) setOffset(slot primitives.Slot) error {
+	err := s.db.Update(func(tx *bbolt.Tx) error {
+		bucket := tx.Bucket(stateDiffBucket)
+		if bucket == nil {
+			return bbolt.ErrBucketNotFound
+		}
+
+		offsetBytes := bucket.Get(offsetKey)
+		if offsetBytes != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("offset already set to %d", binary.LittleEndian.Uint64(offsetBytes))
+		}
+
+		offsetBytes = make([]byte, 8)
+		binary.LittleEndian.PutUint64(offsetBytes, uint64(slot))
+		if err := bucket.Put(offsetKey, offsetBytes); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// Save the offset in the cache.
+	s.stateDiffCache.setOffset(uint64(slot))
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *Store) getOffset() uint64 {
+	return s.stateDiffCache.getOffset()
+}
+
+func keyForSnapshot(v int) []byte {
+	switch v {
+	case version.Fulu:
+		return fuluKey
+	case version.Electra:
+		return ElectraKey
+	case version.Deneb:
+		return denebKey
+	case version.Capella:
+		return capellaKey
+	case version.Bellatrix:
+		return bellatrixKey
+	case version.Altair:
+		return altairKey
+	default:
+		// Phase0
+		return []byte{}
+	}
+}
+
+func addKey(v int, bytes []byte) ([]byte, error) {
+	key := keyForSnapshot(v)
+	enc := make([]byte, len(key)+len(bytes))
+	copy(enc, key)
+	copy(enc[len(key):], bytes)
+	return enc, nil
+}
+
+func (s *Store) decodeStateSnapshot(enc []byte) (state.BeaconState, error) {
+	switch {
+	case hasFuluKey(enc):
+		var fuluState ethpb.BeaconStateFulu
+		if err := fuluState.UnmarshalSSZ(enc[len(ElectraKey):]); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		return state_native.InitializeFromProtoUnsafeFulu(&fuluState)
+	case HasElectraKey(enc):
+		var electraState ethpb.BeaconStateElectra
+		if err := electraState.UnmarshalSSZ(enc[len(ElectraKey):]); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		return state_native.InitializeFromProtoUnsafeElectra(&electraState)
+	case hasDenebKey(enc):
+		var denebState ethpb.BeaconStateDeneb
+		if err := denebState.UnmarshalSSZ(enc[len(denebKey):]); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		return state_native.InitializeFromProtoUnsafeDeneb(&denebState)
+	case hasCapellaKey(enc):
+		var capellaState ethpb.BeaconStateCapella
+		if err := capellaState.UnmarshalSSZ(enc[len(capellaKey):]); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		return state_native.InitializeFromProtoUnsafeCapella(&capellaState)
+	case hasBellatrixKey(enc):
+		var bellatrixState ethpb.BeaconStateBellatrix
+		if err := bellatrixState.UnmarshalSSZ(enc[len(bellatrixKey):]); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		return state_native.InitializeFromProtoUnsafeBellatrix(&bellatrixState)
+	case hasAltairKey(enc):
+		var altairState ethpb.BeaconStateAltair
+		if err := altairState.UnmarshalSSZ(enc[len(altairKey):]); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		return state_native.InitializeFromProtoUnsafeAltair(&altairState)
+	default:
+		var phase0State ethpb.BeaconState
+		if err := phase0State.UnmarshalSSZ(enc); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		return state_native.InitializeFromProtoUnsafePhase0(&phase0State)
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *Store) getBaseAndDiffChain(offset uint64, slot primitives.Slot) (state.BeaconState, []hdiff.HdiffBytes, error) {
+	rel := uint64(slot) - offset
+	lvl := computeLevel(offset, slot)
+	if lvl == -1 {
+		return nil, nil, errors.New("slot not in tree")
+	}
+
+	exponents := params.StateHierarchyExponents()
+
+	baseSpan := math.PowerOf2(exponents[0])
+	baseAnchorSlot := (rel / baseSpan * baseSpan) + offset
+
+	var diffChainIndices []uint64
+	for i := 1; i <= lvl; i++ {
+		span := math.PowerOf2(exponents[i])
+		diffSlot := rel / span * span
+		if diffSlot == baseAnchorSlot {
+			continue
+		}
+		diffChainIndices = appendUnique(diffChainIndices, diffSlot+offset)
+	}
+
+	baseSnapshot, err := s.getFullSnapshot(baseAnchorSlot)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, err
+	}
+
+	diffChain := make([]hdiff.HdiffBytes, 0, len(diffChainIndices))
+	for _, diffSlot := range diffChainIndices {
+		diff, err := s.getDiff(computeLevel(offset, primitives.Slot(diffSlot)), diffSlot)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, nil, err
+		}
+		diffChain = append(diffChain, diff)
+	}
+
+	return baseSnapshot, diffChain, nil
+}
+
+func appendUnique(s []uint64, v uint64) []uint64 {
+	for _, x := range s {
+		if x == v {
+			return s
+		}
+	}
+	return append(s, v)
+}

beacon-chain/db/kv/state_diff_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,577 @@
+package kv
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"fmt"
+	"math/rand"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/beacon-chain/state"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/config/params"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/consensus-types/primitives"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/math"
+	ethpb "github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/proto/prysm/v1alpha1"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/runtime/version"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/testing/require"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/testing/util"
+	"go.etcd.io/bbolt"
+)
+
+func TestStateDiff_LoadOrInitOffset(t *testing.T) {
+	db := setupDB(t)
+	err := setOffsetInDB(db, 10)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	offset := db.getOffset()
+	require.Equal(t, uint64(10), offset)
+
+	err = db.setOffset(10)
+	require.ErrorContains(t, "offset already set", err)
+	offset = db.getOffset()
+	require.Equal(t, uint64(10), offset)
+}
+
+func TestStateDiff_ComputeLevel(t *testing.T) {
+	db := setupDB(t)
+
+	err := setOffsetInDB(db, 0)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	offset := db.getOffset()
+
+	// 2 ** 21
+	lvl := computeLevel(offset, primitives.Slot(math.PowerOf2(21)))
+	require.Equal(t, 0, lvl)
+
+	// 2 ** 21 * 3
+	lvl = computeLevel(offset, primitives.Slot(math.PowerOf2(21)*3))
+	require.Equal(t, 0, lvl)
+
+	// 2 ** 18
+	lvl = computeLevel(offset, primitives.Slot(math.PowerOf2(18)))
+	require.Equal(t, 1, lvl)
+
+	// 2 ** 18 * 3
+	lvl = computeLevel(offset, primitives.Slot(math.PowerOf2(18)*3))
+	require.Equal(t, 1, lvl)
+
+	// 2 ** 16
+	lvl = computeLevel(offset, primitives.Slot(math.PowerOf2(16)))
+	require.Equal(t, 2, lvl)
+
+	// 2 ** 16 * 3
+	lvl = computeLevel(offset, primitives.Slot(math.PowerOf2(16)*3))
+	require.Equal(t, 2, lvl)
+
+	// 2 ** 13
+	lvl = computeLevel(offset, primitives.Slot(math.PowerOf2(13)))
+	require.Equal(t, 3, lvl)
+
+	// 2 ** 13 * 3
+	lvl = computeLevel(offset, primitives.Slot(math.PowerOf2(13)*3))
+	require.Equal(t, 3, lvl)
+
+	// 2 ** 11
+	lvl = computeLevel(offset, primitives.Slot(math.PowerOf2(11)))
+	require.Equal(t, 4, lvl)
+
+	// 2 ** 11 * 3
+	lvl = computeLevel(offset, primitives.Slot(math.PowerOf2(11)*3))
+	require.Equal(t, 4, lvl)
+
+	// 2 ** 9
+	lvl = computeLevel(offset, primitives.Slot(math.PowerOf2(9)))
+	require.Equal(t, 5, lvl)
+
+	// 2 ** 9 * 3
+	lvl = computeLevel(offset, primitives.Slot(math.PowerOf2(9)*3))
+	require.Equal(t, 5, lvl)
+
+	// 2 ** 5
+	lvl = computeLevel(offset, primitives.Slot(math.PowerOf2(5)))
+	require.Equal(t, 6, lvl)
+
+	// 2 ** 5 * 3
+	lvl = computeLevel(offset, primitives.Slot(math.PowerOf2(5)*3))
+	require.Equal(t, 6, lvl)
+
+	// 2 ** 7
+	lvl = computeLevel(offset, primitives.Slot(math.PowerOf2(7)))
+	require.Equal(t, 6, lvl)
+
+	// 2 ** 5 + 1
+	lvl = computeLevel(offset, primitives.Slot(math.PowerOf2(5)+1))
+	require.Equal(t, -1, lvl)
+
+	// 2 ** 5 + 16
+	lvl = computeLevel(offset, primitives.Slot(math.PowerOf2(5)+16))
+	require.Equal(t, -1, lvl)
+
+	// 2 ** 5 + 32
+	lvl = computeLevel(offset, primitives.Slot(math.PowerOf2(5)+32))
+	require.Equal(t, 6, lvl)
+
+}
+
+func TestStateDiff_SaveFullSnapshot(t *testing.T) {
+	// test for every version
+	for v := 0; v < 6; v++ {
+		t.Run(version.String(v), func(t *testing.T) {
+			db := setupDB(t)
+
+			// Create state with slot 0
+			st, enc := createState(t, 0, v)
+
+			err := setOffsetInDB(db, 0)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			err = db.saveStateByDiff(context.Background(), st)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			err = db.db.View(func(tx *bbolt.Tx) error {
+				bucket := tx.Bucket(stateDiffBucket)
+				if bucket == nil {
+					return bbolt.ErrBucketNotFound
+				}
+				s := bucket.Get(makeKey(0, uint64(0)))
+				if s == nil {
+					return bbolt.ErrIncompatibleValue
+				}
+				require.DeepSSZEqual(t, enc, s)
+				return nil
+			})
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestStateDiff_SaveAndReadFullSnapshot(t *testing.T) {
+	// test for every version
+	for v := 0; v < 6; v++ {
+		t.Run(version.String(v), func(t *testing.T) {
+			db := setupDB(t)
+
+			st, _ := createState(t, 0, v)
+
+			err := setOffsetInDB(db, 0)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			err = db.saveStateByDiff(context.Background(), st)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			readSt, err := db.stateByDiff(context.Background(), 0)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			require.NotNil(t, readSt)
+
+			stSSZ, err := st.MarshalSSZ()
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			readStSSZ, err := readSt.MarshalSSZ()
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			require.DeepSSZEqual(t, stSSZ, readStSSZ)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestStateDiff_SaveDiff(t *testing.T) {
+	// test for every version
+	for v := 0; v < 6; v++ {
+		t.Run(version.String(v), func(t *testing.T) {
+			db := setupDB(t)
+
+			// Create state with slot 2**21
+			slot := primitives.Slot(math.PowerOf2(21))
+			st, enc := createState(t, slot, v)
+
+			err := setOffsetInDB(db, uint64(slot))
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			err = db.saveStateByDiff(context.Background(), st)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			err = db.db.View(func(tx *bbolt.Tx) error {
+				bucket := tx.Bucket(stateDiffBucket)
+				if bucket == nil {
+					return bbolt.ErrBucketNotFound
+				}
+				s := bucket.Get(makeKey(0, uint64(slot)))
+				if s == nil {
+					return bbolt.ErrIncompatibleValue
+				}
+				require.DeepSSZEqual(t, enc, s)
+				return nil
+			})
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			// create state with slot 2**18 (+2**21)
+			slot = primitives.Slot(math.PowerOf2(18) + math.PowerOf2(21))
+			st, _ = createState(t, slot, v)
+
+			err = db.saveStateByDiff(context.Background(), st)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			key := makeKey(1, uint64(slot))
+			err = db.db.View(func(tx *bbolt.Tx) error {
+				bucket := tx.Bucket(stateDiffBucket)
+				if bucket == nil {
+					return bbolt.ErrBucketNotFound
+				}
+				buf := append(key, "_s"...)
+				s := bucket.Get(buf)
+				if s == nil {
+					return bbolt.ErrIncompatibleValue
+				}
+				buf = append(key, "_v"...)
+				v := bucket.Get(buf)
+				if v == nil {
+					return bbolt.ErrIncompatibleValue
+				}
+				buf = append(key, "_b"...)
+				b := bucket.Get(buf)
+				if b == nil {
+					return bbolt.ErrIncompatibleValue
+				}
+				return nil
+			})
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestStateDiff_SaveAndReadDiff(t *testing.T) {
+	// test for every version
+	for v := 0; v < 6; v++ {
+		t.Run(version.String(v), func(t *testing.T) {
+			db := setupDB(t)
+
+			st, _ := createState(t, 0, v)
+
+			err := setOffsetInDB(db, 0)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			err = db.saveStateByDiff(context.Background(), st)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			slot := primitives.Slot(math.PowerOf2(5))
+			st, _ = createState(t, slot, v)
+
+			err = db.saveStateByDiff(context.Background(), st)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			readSt, err := db.stateByDiff(context.Background(), slot)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			require.NotNil(t, readSt)
+
+			stSSZ, err := st.MarshalSSZ()
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			readStSSZ, err := readSt.MarshalSSZ()
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			require.DeepSSZEqual(t, stSSZ, readStSSZ)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestStateDiff_SaveAndReadDiff_MultipleLevels(t *testing.T) {
+	// test for every version
+	for v := 0; v < 6; v++ {
+		t.Run(version.String(v), func(t *testing.T) {
+			db := setupDB(t)
+
+			st, _ := createState(t, 0, v)
+
+			err := setOffsetInDB(db, 0)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			err = db.saveStateByDiff(context.Background(), st)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			slot := primitives.Slot(math.PowerOf2(11))
+			st, _ = createState(t, slot, v)
+
+			err = db.saveStateByDiff(context.Background(), st)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			readSt, err := db.stateByDiff(context.Background(), slot)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			require.NotNil(t, readSt)
+
+			stSSZ, err := st.MarshalSSZ()
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			readStSSZ, err := readSt.MarshalSSZ()
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			require.DeepSSZEqual(t, stSSZ, readStSSZ)
+
+			slot = primitives.Slot(math.PowerOf2(11) + math.PowerOf2(9))
+			st, _ = createState(t, slot, v)
+
+			err = db.saveStateByDiff(context.Background(), st)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			readSt, err = db.stateByDiff(context.Background(), slot)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			require.NotNil(t, readSt)
+
+			stSSZ, err = st.MarshalSSZ()
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			readStSSZ, err = readSt.MarshalSSZ()
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			require.DeepSSZEqual(t, stSSZ, readStSSZ)
+
+			slot = primitives.Slot(math.PowerOf2(11) + math.PowerOf2(9) + math.PowerOf2(5))
+			st, _ = createState(t, slot, v)
+
+			err = db.saveStateByDiff(context.Background(), st)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			readSt, err = db.stateByDiff(context.Background(), slot)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			require.NotNil(t, readSt)
+
+			stSSZ, err = st.MarshalSSZ()
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			readStSSZ, err = readSt.MarshalSSZ()
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			require.DeepSSZEqual(t, stSSZ, readStSSZ)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestStateDiff_SaveAndReadDiffForkTransition(t *testing.T) {
+	// test for every version
+	for v := 0; v < 5; v++ {
+		t.Run(version.String(v), func(t *testing.T) {
+			db := setupDB(t)
+
+			st, _ := createState(t, 0, v)
+
+			err := setOffsetInDB(db, 0)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			err = db.saveStateByDiff(context.Background(), st)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			slot := primitives.Slot(math.PowerOf2(5))
+			st, _ = createState(t, slot, v+1)
+
+			err = db.saveStateByDiff(context.Background(), st)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			readSt, err := db.stateByDiff(context.Background(), slot)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			require.NotNil(t, readSt)
+
+			stSSZ, err := st.MarshalSSZ()
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			readStSSZ, err := readSt.MarshalSSZ()
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			require.DeepSSZEqual(t, stSSZ, readStSSZ)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestStateDiff_OffsetCache(t *testing.T) {
+	// test for slot numbers 0 and 1 for every version
+	for slotNum := 0; slotNum < 2; slotNum++ {
+		// test for every version
+		for v := 0; v < 6; v++ {
+			t.Run(fmt.Sprintf("slotNum=%d,%s", slotNum, version.String(v)), func(t *testing.T) {
+				db := setupDB(t)
+
+				slot := primitives.Slot(slotNum)
+				err := setOffsetInDB(db, uint64(slot))
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+				st, _ := createState(t, slot, v)
+				err = db.saveStateByDiff(context.Background(), st)
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+
+				offset := db.stateDiffCache.getOffset()
+				require.Equal(t, uint64(slotNum), offset)
+
+				slot2 := primitives.Slot(uint64(slotNum) + math.PowerOf2(params.StateHierarchyExponents()[0]))
+				st2, _ := createState(t, slot2, v)
+				err = db.saveStateByDiff(context.Background(), st2)
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+
+				offset = db.stateDiffCache.getOffset()
+				require.Equal(t, uint64(slot), offset)
+			})
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestStateDiff_AnchorCache(t *testing.T) {
+	// test for every version
+	for v := 0; v < 6; v++ {
+		t.Run(version.String(v), func(t *testing.T) {
+			exponents := params.StateHierarchyExponents()
+			localCache := make([]state.ReadOnlyBeaconState, len(exponents)-1)
+			db := setupDB(t)
+			err := setOffsetInDB(db, 0) // lvl 0
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			// at first the cache should be empty
+			for i := 0; i < len(params.StateHierarchyExponents()); i++ {
+				anchor := db.stateDiffCache.getAnchor(i)
+				require.IsNil(t, anchor)
+			}
+
+			// add level 0
+			slot := primitives.Slot(0) // offset 0 is already set
+			st, _ := createState(t, slot, v)
+			err = db.saveStateByDiff(context.Background(), st)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			localCache[0] = st
+
+			// level 0 should be the same
+			require.DeepEqual(t, localCache[0], db.stateDiffCache.getAnchor(0))
+
+			// rest of the cache should be nil
+			for i := 1; i < len(exponents)-1; i++ {
+				require.IsNil(t, db.stateDiffCache.getAnchor(i))
+			}
+
+			// skip last level as it does not get cached
+			for i := len(exponents) - 2; i > 0; i-- {
+				slot = primitives.Slot(math.PowerOf2(exponents[i]))
+				st, _ := createState(t, slot, v)
+				err = db.saveStateByDiff(context.Background(), st)
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+				localCache[i] = st
+
+				// anchor cache must match local cache
+				for i := 0; i < len(exponents)-1; i++ {
+					if localCache[i] == nil {
+						require.IsNil(t, db.stateDiffCache.getAnchor(i))
+						continue
+					}
+					localSSZ, err := localCache[i].MarshalSSZ()
+					require.NoError(t, err)
+					anchorSSZ, err := db.stateDiffCache.getAnchor(i).MarshalSSZ()
+					require.NoError(t, err)
+					require.DeepSSZEqual(t, localSSZ, anchorSSZ)
+				}
+			}
+
+			// moving to a new tree should invalidate the cache except for level 0
+			twoTo21 := math.PowerOf2(21)
+			slot = primitives.Slot(twoTo21)
+			st, _ = createState(t, slot, v)
+			err = db.saveStateByDiff(context.Background(), st)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			localCache = make([]state.ReadOnlyBeaconState, len(exponents)-1)
+			localCache[0] = st
+
+			// level 0 should be the same
+			require.DeepEqual(t, localCache[0], db.stateDiffCache.getAnchor(0))
+
+			// rest of the cache should be nil
+			for i := 1; i < len(exponents)-1; i++ {
+				require.IsNil(t, db.stateDiffCache.getAnchor(i))
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func createState(t *testing.T, slot primitives.Slot, v int) (state.ReadOnlyBeaconState, []byte) {
+	p := params.BeaconConfig()
+	var st state.BeaconState
+	var err error
+	switch v {
+	case version.Altair:
+		st, err = util.NewBeaconStateAltair()
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		err = st.SetFork(&ethpb.Fork{
+			PreviousVersion: p.GenesisForkVersion,
+			CurrentVersion:  p.AltairForkVersion,
+			Epoch:           p.AltairForkEpoch,
+		})
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+	case version.Bellatrix:
+		st, err = util.NewBeaconStateBellatrix()
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		err = st.SetFork(&ethpb.Fork{
+			PreviousVersion: p.AltairForkVersion,
+			CurrentVersion:  p.BellatrixForkVersion,
+			Epoch:           p.BellatrixForkEpoch,
+		})
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+	case version.Capella:
+		st, err = util.NewBeaconStateCapella()
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		err = st.SetFork(&ethpb.Fork{
+			PreviousVersion: p.BellatrixForkVersion,
+			CurrentVersion:  p.CapellaForkVersion,
+			Epoch:           p.CapellaForkEpoch,
+		})
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+	case version.Deneb:
+		st, err = util.NewBeaconStateDeneb()
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		err = st.SetFork(&ethpb.Fork{
+			PreviousVersion: p.CapellaForkVersion,
+			CurrentVersion:  p.DenebForkVersion,
+			Epoch:           p.DenebForkEpoch,
+		})
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+	case version.Electra:
+		st, err = util.NewBeaconStateElectra()
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		err = st.SetFork(&ethpb.Fork{
+			PreviousVersion: p.DenebForkVersion,
+			CurrentVersion:  p.ElectraForkVersion,
+			Epoch:           p.ElectraForkEpoch,
+		})
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+	default:
+		st, err = util.NewBeaconState()
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		err = st.SetFork(&ethpb.Fork{
+			PreviousVersion: p.GenesisForkVersion,
+			CurrentVersion:  p.GenesisForkVersion,
+			Epoch:           0,
+		})
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+	}
+
+	err = st.SetSlot(slot)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	slashings := make([]uint64, 8192)
+	slashings[0] = uint64(rand.Intn(10))
+	err = st.SetSlashings(slashings)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	stssz, err := st.MarshalSSZ()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	enc, err := addKey(v, stssz)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	return st, enc
+}
+
+func setOffsetInDB(s *Store, offset uint64) error {
+	err := s.db.Update(func(tx *bbolt.Tx) error {
+		bucket := tx.Bucket(stateDiffBucket)
+		if bucket == nil {
+			return bbolt.ErrBucketNotFound
+		}
+
+		offsetBytes := bucket.Get(offsetKey)
+		if offsetBytes != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("offset already set to %d", binary.LittleEndian.Uint64(offsetBytes))
+		}
+
+		offsetBytes = make([]byte, 8)
+		binary.LittleEndian.PutUint64(offsetBytes, offset)
+		if err := bucket.Put(offsetKey, offsetBytes); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	sdCache, err := newStateDiffCache(s)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	s.stateDiffCache = sdCache
+	return nil
+}

beacon-chain/node/node.go

@@ -87,45 +87,47 @@ type serviceFlagOpts struct {
 // full PoS node. It handles the lifecycle of the entire system and registers
 // services to a service registry.
 type BeaconNode struct {
-	cliCtx                  *cli.Context
-	ctx                     context.Context
-	cancel                  context.CancelFunc
-	services                *runtime.ServiceRegistry
-	lock                    sync.RWMutex
-	stop                    chan struct{} // Channel to wait for termination notifications.
-	db                      db.Database
-	slasherDB               db.SlasherDatabase
-	attestationCache        *cache.AttestationCache
-	attestationPool         attestations.Pool
-	exitPool                voluntaryexits.PoolManager
-	slashingsPool           slashings.PoolManager
-	syncCommitteePool       synccommittee.Pool
-	blsToExecPool           blstoexec.PoolManager
-	depositCache            cache.DepositCache
-	trackedValidatorsCache  *cache.TrackedValidatorsCache
-	payloadIDCache          *cache.PayloadIDCache
-	stateFeed               *event.Feed
-	blockFeed               *event.Feed
-	opFeed                  *event.Feed
-	stateGen                *stategen.State
-	collector               *bcnodeCollector
-	slasherBlockHeadersFeed *event.Feed
-	slasherAttestationsFeed *event.Feed
-	finalizedStateAtStartUp state.BeaconState
-	serviceFlagOpts         *serviceFlagOpts
-	GenesisInitializer      genesis.Initializer
-	CheckpointInitializer   checkpoint.Initializer
-	forkChoicer             forkchoice.ForkChoicer
-	clockWaiter             startup.ClockWaiter
-	BackfillOpts            []backfill.ServiceOption
-	initialSyncComplete     chan struct{}
-	BlobStorage             *filesystem.BlobStorage
-	BlobStorageOptions      []filesystem.BlobStorageOption
-	custodyInfo             *peerdas.CustodyInfo
-	verifyInitWaiter        *verification.InitializerWaiter
-	syncChecker             *initialsync.SyncChecker
-	slasherEnabled          bool
-	lcStore                 *lightclient.Store
+	cliCtx                   *cli.Context
+	ctx                      context.Context
+	cancel                   context.CancelFunc
+	services                 *runtime.ServiceRegistry
+	lock                     sync.RWMutex
+	stop                     chan struct{} // Channel to wait for termination notifications.
+	db                       db.Database
+	slasherDB                db.SlasherDatabase
+	attestationCache         *cache.AttestationCache
+	attestationPool          attestations.Pool
+	exitPool                 voluntaryexits.PoolManager
+	slashingsPool            slashings.PoolManager
+	syncCommitteePool        synccommittee.Pool
+	blsToExecPool            blstoexec.PoolManager
+	depositCache             cache.DepositCache
+	trackedValidatorsCache   *cache.TrackedValidatorsCache
+	payloadIDCache           *cache.PayloadIDCache
+	stateFeed                *event.Feed
+	blockFeed                *event.Feed
+	opFeed                   *event.Feed
+	stateGen                 *stategen.State
+	collector                *bcnodeCollector
+	slasherBlockHeadersFeed  *event.Feed
+	slasherAttestationsFeed  *event.Feed
+	finalizedStateAtStartUp  state.BeaconState
+	serviceFlagOpts          *serviceFlagOpts
+	GenesisInitializer       genesis.Initializer
+	CheckpointInitializer    checkpoint.Initializer
+	forkChoicer              forkchoice.ForkChoicer
+	clockWaiter              startup.ClockWaiter
+	BackfillOpts             []backfill.ServiceOption
+	initialSyncComplete      chan struct{}
+	BlobStorage              *filesystem.BlobStorage
+	BlobStorageOptions       []filesystem.BlobStorageOption
+	DataColumnStorage        *filesystem.DataColumnStorage
+	DataColumnStorageOptions []filesystem.DataColumnStorageOption
+	custodyInfo              *peerdas.CustodyInfo
+	verifyInitWaiter         *verification.InitializerWaiter
+	syncChecker              *initialsync.SyncChecker
+	slasherEnabled           bool
+	lcStore                  *lightclient.Store
 }
 
 // New creates a new node instance, sets up configuration options, and registers
@@ -193,6 +195,15 @@ func New(cliCtx *cli.Context, cancel context.CancelFunc, opts ...Option) (*Beaco
 		beacon.BlobStorage = blobs
 	}
 
+	if beacon.DataColumnStorage == nil {
+		dataColumnStorage, err := filesystem.NewDataColumnStorage(cliCtx.Context, beacon.DataColumnStorageOptions...)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "new data column storage")
+		}
+
+		beacon.DataColumnStorage = dataColumnStorage
+	}
+
 	bfs, err := startBaseServices(cliCtx, beacon, depositAddress)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "could not start modules")
@@ -780,6 +791,7 @@ func (b *BeaconNode) registerBlockchainService(fc forkchoice.ForkChoicer, gs *st
 		blockchain.WithClockSynchronizer(gs),
 		blockchain.WithSyncComplete(syncComplete),
 		blockchain.WithBlobStorage(b.BlobStorage),
+		blockchain.WithDataColumnStorage(b.DataColumnStorage),
 		blockchain.WithTrackedValidatorsCache(b.trackedValidatorsCache),
 		blockchain.WithPayloadIDCache(b.payloadIDCache),
 		blockchain.WithSyncChecker(b.syncChecker),
@@ -868,6 +880,7 @@ func (b *BeaconNode) registerSyncService(initialSyncComplete chan struct{}, bFil
 		regularsync.WithInitialSyncComplete(initialSyncComplete),
 		regularsync.WithStateNotifier(b),
 		regularsync.WithBlobStorage(b.BlobStorage),
+		regularsync.WithDataColumnStorage(b.DataColumnStorage),
 		regularsync.WithVerifierWaiter(b.verifyInitWaiter),
 		regularsync.WithAvailableBlocker(bFillStore),
 		regularsync.WithSlasherEnabled(b.slasherEnabled),

beacon-chain/node/node_test.go

@@ -54,7 +54,12 @@ func TestNodeClose_OK(t *testing.T) {
 	cmd.ValidatorMonitorIndicesFlag.Value.SetInt(1)
 	ctx, cancel := newCliContextWithCancel(&app, set)
 
-	node, err := New(ctx, cancel, WithBlobStorage(filesystem.NewEphemeralBlobStorage(t)))
+	options := []Option{
+		WithBlobStorage(filesystem.NewEphemeralBlobStorage(t)),
+		WithDataColumnStorage(filesystem.NewEphemeralDataColumnStorage(t)),
+	}
+
+	node, err := New(ctx, cancel, options...)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	node.Close()
@@ -72,10 +77,16 @@ func TestNodeStart_Ok(t *testing.T) {
 	require.NoError(t, set.Set("suggested-fee-recipient", "0x6e35733c5af9B61374A128e6F85f553aF09ff89A"))
 
 	ctx, cancel := newCliContextWithCancel(&app, set)
-	node, err := New(ctx, cancel, WithBlockchainFlagOptions([]blockchain.Option{}),
+
+	options := []Option{
+		WithBlockchainFlagOptions([]blockchain.Option{}),
 		WithBuilderFlagOptions([]builder.Option{}),
 		WithExecutionChainOptions([]execution.Option{}),
-		WithBlobStorage(filesystem.NewEphemeralBlobStorage(t)))
+		WithBlobStorage(filesystem.NewEphemeralBlobStorage(t)),
+		WithDataColumnStorage(filesystem.NewEphemeralDataColumnStorage(t)),
+	}
+
+	node, err := New(ctx, cancel, options...)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	node.services = &runtime.ServiceRegistry{}
 	go func() {
@@ -96,10 +107,16 @@ func TestNodeStart_SyncChecker(t *testing.T) {
 	require.NoError(t, set.Set("suggested-fee-recipient", "0x6e35733c5af9B61374A128e6F85f553aF09ff89A"))
 
 	ctx, cancel := newCliContextWithCancel(&app, set)
-	node, err := New(ctx, cancel, WithBlockchainFlagOptions([]blockchain.Option{}),
+
+	options := []Option{
+		WithBlockchainFlagOptions([]blockchain.Option{}),
 		WithBuilderFlagOptions([]builder.Option{}),
 		WithExecutionChainOptions([]execution.Option{}),
-		WithBlobStorage(filesystem.NewEphemeralBlobStorage(t)))
+		WithBlobStorage(filesystem.NewEphemeralBlobStorage(t)),
+		WithDataColumnStorage(filesystem.NewEphemeralDataColumnStorage(t)),
+	}
+
+	node, err := New(ctx, cancel, options...)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	go func() {
 		node.Start()
@@ -128,10 +145,13 @@ func TestClearDB(t *testing.T) {
 	set.String("suggested-fee-recipient", "0x6e35733c5af9B61374A128e6F85f553aF09ff89A", "fee recipient")
 	require.NoError(t, set.Set("suggested-fee-recipient", "0x6e35733c5af9B61374A128e6F85f553aF09ff89A"))
 	context, cancel := newCliContextWithCancel(&app, set)
+
 	options := []Option{
 		WithExecutionChainOptions([]execution.Option{execution.WithHttpEndpoint(endpoint)}),
 		WithBlobStorage(filesystem.NewEphemeralBlobStorage(t)),
+		WithDataColumnStorage(filesystem.NewEphemeralDataColumnStorage(t)),
 	}
+
 	_, err = New(context, cancel, options...)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.LogsContain(t, hook, "Removing database")

beacon-chain/node/options.go

@@ -50,3 +50,20 @@ func WithBlobStorageOptions(opt ...filesystem.BlobStorageOption) Option {
 		return nil
 	}
 }
+
+// WithDataColumnStorage sets the DataColumnStorage backend for the BeaconNode
+func WithDataColumnStorage(bs *filesystem.DataColumnStorage) Option {
+	return func(bn *BeaconNode) error {
+		bn.DataColumnStorage = bs
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
+// WithDataColumnStorageOptions appends 1 or more filesystem.DataColumnStorageOption on the beacon node,
+// to be used when initializing data column storage.
+func WithDataColumnStorageOptions(opt ...filesystem.DataColumnStorageOption) Option {
+	return func(bn *BeaconNode) error {
+		bn.DataColumnStorageOptions = append(bn.DataColumnStorageOptions, opt...)
+		return nil
+	}
+}

beacon-chain/p2p/broadcaster_test.go

@@ -712,7 +712,7 @@ func TestService_BroadcastDataColumn(t *testing.T) {
 	subnet := peerdas.ComputeSubnetForDataColumnSidecar(columnIndex)
 	topic := fmt.Sprintf(topicFormat, digest, subnet)
 
-	roSidecars, _ := util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(t, util.DataColumnsParamsByRoot{{}: {{ColumnIndex: columnIndex}}})
+	roSidecars, _ := util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(t, []util.DataColumnParam{{Index: columnIndex}})
 	sidecar := roSidecars[0].DataColumnSidecar
 
 	// Async listen for the pubsub, must be before the broadcast.

beacon-chain/p2p/rpc_topic_mappings.go

@@ -22,44 +22,52 @@ const (
 	SchemaVersionV3 = "/3"
 )
 
-// Specifies the protocol prefix for all our Req/Resp topics.
-const protocolPrefix = "/eth2/beacon_chain/req"
+const (
+	// Specifies the protocol prefix for all our Req/Resp topics.
+	protocolPrefix = "/eth2/beacon_chain/req"
 
-// StatusMessageName specifies the name for the status message topic.
-const StatusMessageName = "/status"
+	// StatusMessageName specifies the name for the status message topic.
+	StatusMessageName = "/status"
 
-// GoodbyeMessageName specifies the name for the goodbye message topic.
-const GoodbyeMessageName = "/goodbye"
+	// GoodbyeMessageName specifies the name for the goodbye message topic.
+	GoodbyeMessageName = "/goodbye"
 
-// BeaconBlocksByRangeMessageName specifies the name for the beacon blocks by range message topic.
-const BeaconBlocksByRangeMessageName = "/beacon_blocks_by_range"
+	// BeaconBlocksByRangeMessageName specifies the name for the beacon blocks by range message topic.
+	BeaconBlocksByRangeMessageName = "/beacon_blocks_by_range"
 
-// BeaconBlocksByRootsMessageName specifies the name for the beacon blocks by root message topic.
-const BeaconBlocksByRootsMessageName = "/beacon_blocks_by_root"
+	// BeaconBlocksByRootsMessageName specifies the name for the beacon blocks by root message topic.
+	BeaconBlocksByRootsMessageName = "/beacon_blocks_by_root"
 
-// PingMessageName Specifies the name for the ping message topic.
-const PingMessageName = "/ping"
+	// PingMessageName Specifies the name for the ping message topic.
+	PingMessageName = "/ping"
 
-// MetadataMessageName specifies the name for the metadata message topic.
-const MetadataMessageName = "/metadata"
+	// MetadataMessageName specifies the name for the metadata message topic.
+	MetadataMessageName = "/metadata"
 
-// BlobSidecarsByRangeName is the name for the BlobSidecarsByRange v1 message topic.
-const BlobSidecarsByRangeName = "/blob_sidecars_by_range"
+	// BlobSidecarsByRangeName is the name for the BlobSidecarsByRange v1 message topic.
+	BlobSidecarsByRangeName = "/blob_sidecars_by_range"
 
-// BlobSidecarsByRootName is the name for the BlobSidecarsByRoot v1 message topic.
-const BlobSidecarsByRootName = "/blob_sidecars_by_root"
+	// BlobSidecarsByRootName is the name for the BlobSidecarsByRoot v1 message topic.
+	BlobSidecarsByRootName = "/blob_sidecars_by_root"
 
-// LightClientBootstrapName is the name for the LightClientBootstrap message topic,
-const LightClientBootstrapName = "/light_client_bootstrap"
+	// LightClientBootstrapName is the name for the LightClientBootstrap message topic,
+	LightClientBootstrapName = "/light_client_bootstrap"
 
-// LightClientUpdatesByRangeName is the name for the LightClientUpdatesByRange topic.
-const LightClientUpdatesByRangeName = "/light_client_updates_by_range"
+	// LightClientUpdatesByRangeName is the name for the LightClientUpdatesByRange topic.
+	LightClientUpdatesByRangeName = "/light_client_updates_by_range"
 
-// LightClientFinalityUpdateName is the name for the LightClientFinalityUpdate topic.
-const LightClientFinalityUpdateName = "/light_client_finality_update"
+	// LightClientFinalityUpdateName is the name for the LightClientFinalityUpdate topic.
+	LightClientFinalityUpdateName = "/light_client_finality_update"
 
-// LightClientOptimisticUpdateName is the name for the LightClientOptimisticUpdate topic.
-const LightClientOptimisticUpdateName = "/light_client_optimistic_update"
+	// LightClientOptimisticUpdateName is the name for the LightClientOptimisticUpdate topic.
+	LightClientOptimisticUpdateName = "/light_client_optimistic_update"
+
+	// DataColumnSidecarsByRootName is the name for the DataColumnSidecarsByRoot v1 message topic.
+	DataColumnSidecarsByRootName = "/data_column_sidecars_by_root"
+
+	// DataColumnSidecarsByRangeName is the name for the DataColumnSidecarsByRange v1 message topic.
+	DataColumnSidecarsByRangeName = "/data_column_sidecars_by_range"
+)
 
 const (
 	// V1 RPC Topics
@@ -92,6 +100,12 @@ const (
 	RPCLightClientFinalityUpdateTopicV1 = protocolPrefix + LightClientFinalityUpdateName + SchemaVersionV1
 	// RPCLightClientOptimisticUpdateTopicV1 is a topic for requesting a light client Optimistic update.
 	RPCLightClientOptimisticUpdateTopicV1 = protocolPrefix + LightClientOptimisticUpdateName + SchemaVersionV1
+	// RPCDataColumnSidecarsByRootTopicV1 is a topic for requesting data column sidecars by their block root.
+	// /eth2/beacon_chain/req/data_column_sidecars_by_root/1 - New in Fulu.
+	RPCDataColumnSidecarsByRootTopicV1 = protocolPrefix + DataColumnSidecarsByRootName + SchemaVersionV1
+	// RPCDataColumnSidecarsByRangeTopicV1 is a topic for requesting data column sidecars by their slot.
+	// /eth2/beacon_chain/req/data_column_sidecars_by_range/1 - New in Fulu.
+	RPCDataColumnSidecarsByRangeTopicV1 = protocolPrefix + DataColumnSidecarsByRangeName + SchemaVersionV1
 
 	// V2 RPC Topics
 	// RPCBlocksByRangeTopicV2 defines v2 the topic for the blocks by range rpc method.
@@ -112,87 +126,103 @@ const (
 )
 
 // RPCTopicMappings map the base message type to the rpc request.
-var RPCTopicMappings = map[string]interface{}{
-	// RPC Status Message
-	RPCStatusTopicV1: new(pb.Status),
-	// RPC Goodbye Message
-	RPCGoodByeTopicV1: new(primitives.SSZUint64),
-	// RPC Block By Range Message
-	RPCBlocksByRangeTopicV1: new(pb.BeaconBlocksByRangeRequest),
-	RPCBlocksByRangeTopicV2: new(pb.BeaconBlocksByRangeRequest),
-	// RPC Block By Root Message
-	RPCBlocksByRootTopicV1: new(p2ptypes.BeaconBlockByRootsReq),
-	RPCBlocksByRootTopicV2: new(p2ptypes.BeaconBlockByRootsReq),
-	// RPC Ping Message
-	RPCPingTopicV1: new(primitives.SSZUint64),
-	// RPC Metadata Message
-	RPCMetaDataTopicV1: new(interface{}),
-	RPCMetaDataTopicV2: new(interface{}),
-	RPCMetaDataTopicV3: new(interface{}),
-	// BlobSidecarsByRange v1 Message
-	RPCBlobSidecarsByRangeTopicV1: new(pb.BlobSidecarsByRangeRequest),
-	// BlobSidecarsByRoot v1 Message
-	RPCBlobSidecarsByRootTopicV1: new(p2ptypes.BlobSidecarsByRootReq),
+var (
+	RPCTopicMappings = map[string]interface{}{
+		// RPC Status Message
+		RPCStatusTopicV1: new(pb.Status),
 
-	// Light client
-	RPCLightClientBootstrapTopicV1:        new([fieldparams.RootLength]byte),
-	RPCLightClientUpdatesByRangeTopicV1:   new(pb.LightClientUpdatesByRangeRequest),
-	RPCLightClientFinalityUpdateTopicV1:   new(interface{}),
-	RPCLightClientOptimisticUpdateTopicV1: new(interface{}),
-}
+		// RPC Goodbye Message
+		RPCGoodByeTopicV1: new(primitives.SSZUint64),
 
-// Maps all registered protocol prefixes.
-var protocolMapping = map[string]bool{
-	protocolPrefix: true,
-}
+		// RPC Block By Range Message
+		RPCBlocksByRangeTopicV1: new(pb.BeaconBlocksByRangeRequest),
+		RPCBlocksByRangeTopicV2: new(pb.BeaconBlocksByRangeRequest),
 
-// Maps all the protocol message names for the different rpc
-// topics.
-var messageMapping = map[string]bool{
-	StatusMessageName:               true,
-	GoodbyeMessageName:              true,
-	BeaconBlocksByRangeMessageName:  true,
-	BeaconBlocksByRootsMessageName:  true,
-	PingMessageName:                 true,
-	MetadataMessageName:             true,
-	BlobSidecarsByRangeName:         true,
-	BlobSidecarsByRootName:          true,
-	LightClientBootstrapName:        true,
-	LightClientUpdatesByRangeName:   true,
-	LightClientFinalityUpdateName:   true,
-	LightClientOptimisticUpdateName: true,
-}
+		// RPC Block By Root Message
+		RPCBlocksByRootTopicV1: new(p2ptypes.BeaconBlockByRootsReq),
+		RPCBlocksByRootTopicV2: new(p2ptypes.BeaconBlockByRootsReq),
 
-// Maps all the RPC messages which are to updated in altair.
-var altairMapping = map[string]bool{
-	BeaconBlocksByRangeMessageName: true,
-	BeaconBlocksByRootsMessageName: true,
-	MetadataMessageName:            true,
-}
+		// RPC Ping Message
+		RPCPingTopicV1: new(primitives.SSZUint64),
 
-// Maps all the RPC messages which are to updated in fulu.
-var fuluMapping = map[string]bool{
-	MetadataMessageName: true,
-}
+		// RPC Metadata Message
+		RPCMetaDataTopicV1: new(interface{}),
+		RPCMetaDataTopicV2: new(interface{}),
+		RPCMetaDataTopicV3: new(interface{}),
 
-var versionMapping = map[string]bool{
-	SchemaVersionV1: true,
-	SchemaVersionV2: true,
-	SchemaVersionV3: true,
-}
+		// BlobSidecarsByRange v1 Message
+		RPCBlobSidecarsByRangeTopicV1: new(pb.BlobSidecarsByRangeRequest),
 
-// OmitContextBytesV1 keeps track of which RPC methods do not write context bytes in their v1 incarnations.
-// Phase0 did not have the notion of context bytes, which prefix wire-encoded values with a [4]byte identifier
-// to convey the schema for the receiver to use. These RPCs had a version bump to V2 when the context byte encoding
-// was introduced. For other RPC methods, context bytes are always required.
-var OmitContextBytesV1 = map[string]bool{
-	StatusMessageName:              true,
-	GoodbyeMessageName:             true,
-	BeaconBlocksByRangeMessageName: true,
-	BeaconBlocksByRootsMessageName: true,
-	PingMessageName:                true,
-	MetadataMessageName:            true,
-}
+		// BlobSidecarsByRoot v1 Message
+		RPCBlobSidecarsByRootTopicV1: new(p2ptypes.BlobSidecarsByRootReq),
+
+		// Light client
+		RPCLightClientBootstrapTopicV1:        new([fieldparams.RootLength]byte),
+		RPCLightClientUpdatesByRangeTopicV1:   new(pb.LightClientUpdatesByRangeRequest),
+		RPCLightClientFinalityUpdateTopicV1:   new(interface{}),
+		RPCLightClientOptimisticUpdateTopicV1: new(interface{}),
+
+		// DataColumnSidecarsByRange v1 Message
+		RPCDataColumnSidecarsByRangeTopicV1: new(pb.DataColumnSidecarsByRangeRequest),
+
+		// DataColumnSidecarsByRoot v1 Message
+		RPCDataColumnSidecarsByRootTopicV1: new(p2ptypes.DataColumnsByRootIdentifiers),
+	}
+
+	// Maps all registered protocol prefixes.
+	protocolMapping = map[string]bool{
+		protocolPrefix: true,
+	}
+
+	// Maps all the protocol message names for the different rpc topics.
+	messageMapping = map[string]bool{
+		StatusMessageName:               true,
+		GoodbyeMessageName:              true,
+		BeaconBlocksByRangeMessageName:  true,
+		BeaconBlocksByRootsMessageName:  true,
+		PingMessageName:                 true,
+		MetadataMessageName:             true,
+		BlobSidecarsByRangeName:         true,
+		BlobSidecarsByRootName:          true,
+		LightClientBootstrapName:        true,
+		LightClientUpdatesByRangeName:   true,
+		LightClientFinalityUpdateName:   true,
+		LightClientOptimisticUpdateName: true,
+		DataColumnSidecarsByRootName:    true,
+		DataColumnSidecarsByRangeName:   true,
+	}
+
+	// Maps all the RPC messages which are to updated in altair.
+	altairMapping = map[string]string{
+		BeaconBlocksByRangeMessageName: SchemaVersionV2,
+		BeaconBlocksByRootsMessageName: SchemaVersionV2,
+		MetadataMessageName:            SchemaVersionV2,
+	}
+
+	// Maps all the RPC messages which are to updated in fulu.
+	fuluMapping = map[string]string{
+		MetadataMessageName: SchemaVersionV3,
+	}
+
+	versionMapping = map[string]bool{
+		SchemaVersionV1: true,
+		SchemaVersionV2: true,
+		SchemaVersionV3: true,
+	}
+
+	// OmitContextBytesV1 keeps track of which RPC methods do not write context bytes in their v1 incarnations.
+	// Phase0 did not have the notion of context bytes, which prefix wire-encoded values with a [4]byte identifier
+	// to convey the schema for the receiver to use. These RPCs had a version bump to V2 when the context byte encoding
+	// was introduced. For other RPC methods, context bytes are always required.
+	OmitContextBytesV1 = map[string]bool{
+		StatusMessageName:              true,
+		GoodbyeMessageName:             true,
+		BeaconBlocksByRangeMessageName: true,
+		BeaconBlocksByRootsMessageName: true,
+		PingMessageName:                true,
+		MetadataMessageName:            true,
+	}
+)
 
 // VerifyTopicMapping verifies that the topic and its accompanying
 // message type is correct.
@@ -314,13 +344,17 @@ func TopicFromMessage(msg string, epoch primitives.Epoch) (string, error) {
 	beaconConfig := params.BeaconConfig()
 
 	// Check if the message is to be updated in fulu.
-	if epoch >= beaconConfig.FuluForkEpoch && fuluMapping[msg] {
-		return protocolPrefix + msg + SchemaVersionV3, nil
+	if epoch >= beaconConfig.FuluForkEpoch {
+		if version, ok := fuluMapping[msg]; ok {
+			return protocolPrefix + msg + version, nil
+		}
 	}
 
 	// Check if the message is to be updated in altair.
-	if epoch >= beaconConfig.AltairForkEpoch && altairMapping[msg] {
-		return protocolPrefix + msg + SchemaVersionV2, nil
+	if epoch >= beaconConfig.AltairForkEpoch {
+		if version, ok := altairMapping[msg]; ok {
+			return protocolPrefix + msg + version, nil
+		}
 	}
 
 	return protocolPrefix + msg + SchemaVersionV1, nil

beacon-chain/p2p/rpc_topic_mappings_test.go

@@ -119,50 +119,31 @@ func TestTopicFromMessage_CorrectType(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 
 	t.Run("after altair fork but before fulu fork", func(t *testing.T) {
-		for m := range messageMapping {
-			topic, err := TopicFromMessage(m, altairForkEpoch)
-			require.NoError(t, err)
+		// Not modified in altair fork.
+		topic, err := TopicFromMessage(GoodbyeMessageName, altairForkEpoch)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, "/eth2/beacon_chain/req/goodbye/1", topic)
 
-			if altairMapping[m] {
-				require.Equal(t, true, strings.Contains(topic, SchemaVersionV2))
-				_, _, version, err := TopicDeconstructor(topic)
-				require.NoError(t, err)
-				require.Equal(t, SchemaVersionV2, version)
-				continue
-			}
-
-			require.Equal(t, true, strings.Contains(topic, SchemaVersionV1))
-			_, _, version, err := TopicDeconstructor(topic)
-			require.NoError(t, err)
-			require.Equal(t, SchemaVersionV1, version)
-		}
+		// Modified in altair fork.
+		topic, err = TopicFromMessage(MetadataMessageName, altairForkEpoch)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, "/eth2/beacon_chain/req/metadata/2", topic)
 	})
 
 	t.Run("after fulu fork", func(t *testing.T) {
-		for m := range messageMapping {
-			topic, err := TopicFromMessage(m, fuluForkEpoch)
-			require.NoError(t, err)
+		// Not modified in any fork.
+		topic, err := TopicFromMessage(GoodbyeMessageName, fuluForkEpoch)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, "/eth2/beacon_chain/req/goodbye/1", topic)
 
-			if fuluMapping[m] {
-				require.Equal(t, true, strings.Contains(topic, SchemaVersionV3))
-				_, _, version, err := TopicDeconstructor(topic)
-				require.NoError(t, err)
-				require.Equal(t, SchemaVersionV3, version)
-				continue
-			}
+		// Modified in altair fork.
+		topic, err = TopicFromMessage(BeaconBlocksByRangeMessageName, fuluForkEpoch)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, "/eth2/beacon_chain/req/beacon_blocks_by_range/2", topic)
 
-			if altairMapping[m] {
-				require.Equal(t, true, strings.Contains(topic, SchemaVersionV2))
-				_, _, version, err := TopicDeconstructor(topic)
-				require.NoError(t, err)
-				require.Equal(t, SchemaVersionV2, version)
-				continue
-			}
-
-			require.Equal(t, true, strings.Contains(topic, SchemaVersionV1))
-			_, _, version, err := TopicDeconstructor(topic)
-			require.NoError(t, err)
-			require.Equal(t, SchemaVersionV1, version)
-		}
+		// Modified both in altair and fulu fork.
+		topic, err = TopicFromMessage(MetadataMessageName, fuluForkEpoch)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, "/eth2/beacon_chain/req/metadata/3", topic)
 	})
 }

beacon-chain/p2p/types/rpc_errors.go

@@ -9,10 +9,13 @@ var (
 	ErrInvalidSequenceNum     = errors.New("invalid sequence number provided")
 	ErrGeneric                = errors.New("internal service error")
 
-	ErrRateLimited         = errors.New("rate limited")
-	ErrIODeadline          = errors.New("i/o deadline exceeded")
-	ErrInvalidRequest      = errors.New("invalid range, step or count")
-	ErrBlobLTMinRequest    = errors.New("blob epoch < minimum_request_epoch")
-	ErrMaxBlobReqExceeded  = errors.New("requested more than MAX_REQUEST_BLOB_SIDECARS")
+	ErrRateLimited      = errors.New("rate limited")
+	ErrIODeadline       = errors.New("i/o deadline exceeded")
+	ErrInvalidRequest   = errors.New("invalid range, step or count")
+	ErrBlobLTMinRequest = errors.New("blob epoch < minimum_request_epoch")
+
+	ErrMaxBlobReqExceeded       = errors.New("requested more than MAX_REQUEST_BLOB_SIDECARS")
+	ErrMaxDataColumnReqExceeded = errors.New("requested more than MAX_REQUEST_DATA_COLUMN_SIDECARS")
+
 	ErrResourceUnavailable = errors.New("resource requested unavailable")
 )

beacon-chain/state/interfaces.go

@@ -264,6 +264,8 @@ type WriteOnlyEth1Data interface {
 	AppendEth1DataVotes(val *ethpb.Eth1Data) error
 	SetEth1DepositIndex(val uint64) error
 	ExitEpochAndUpdateChurn(exitBalance primitives.Gwei) (primitives.Epoch, error)
+	SetExitBalanceToConsume(val primitives.Gwei) error
+	SetEarliestExitEpoch(val primitives.Epoch) error
 }
 
 // WriteOnlyValidators defines a struct which only has write access to validators methods.
@@ -331,6 +333,7 @@ type WriteOnlyWithdrawals interface {
 	DequeuePendingPartialWithdrawals(num uint64) error
 	SetNextWithdrawalIndex(i uint64) error
 	SetNextWithdrawalValidatorIndex(i primitives.ValidatorIndex) error
+	SetPendingPartialWithdrawals(val []*ethpb.PendingPartialWithdrawal) error
 }
 
 type WriteOnlyConsolidations interface {

beacon-chain/state/state-native/setters_churn.go

@@ -75,3 +75,33 @@ func (b *BeaconState) ExitEpochAndUpdateChurn(exitBalance primitives.Gwei) (prim
 
 	return b.earliestExitEpoch, nil
 }
+
+// SetExitBalanceToConsume sets the exit balance to consume. This method mutates the state.
+func (b *BeaconState) SetExitBalanceToConsume(exitBalanceToConsume primitives.Gwei) error {
+	if b.version < version.Electra {
+		return errNotSupported("SetExitBalanceToConsume", b.version)
+	}
+
+	b.lock.Lock()
+	defer b.lock.Unlock()
+
+	b.exitBalanceToConsume = exitBalanceToConsume
+	b.markFieldAsDirty(types.ExitBalanceToConsume)
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// SetEarliestExitEpoch sets the earliest exit epoch. This method mutates the state.
+func (b *BeaconState) SetEarliestExitEpoch(earliestExitEpoch primitives.Epoch) error {
+	if b.version < version.Electra {
+		return errNotSupported("SetEarliestExitEpoch", b.version)
+	}
+
+	b.lock.Lock()
+	defer b.lock.Unlock()
+
+	b.earliestExitEpoch = earliestExitEpoch
+	b.markFieldAsDirty(types.EarliestExitEpoch)
+
+	return nil
+}

beacon-chain/state/state-native/setters_withdrawal.go

@@ -100,3 +100,22 @@ func (b *BeaconState) DequeuePendingPartialWithdrawals(n uint64) error {
 
 	return nil
 }
+
+// SetPendingPartialWithdrawals sets the pending partial withdrawals. This method mutates the state.
+func (b *BeaconState) SetPendingPartialWithdrawals(pendingPartialWithdrawals []*eth.PendingPartialWithdrawal) error {
+	if b.version < version.Electra {
+		return errNotSupported("SetPendingPartialWithdrawals", b.version)
+	}
+
+	b.lock.Lock()
+	defer b.lock.Unlock()
+
+	if pendingPartialWithdrawals == nil {
+		return errors.New("cannot set nil pending partial withdrawals")
+	}
+
+	b.pendingPartialWithdrawals = pendingPartialWithdrawals
+	b.markFieldAsDirty(types.PendingPartialWithdrawals)
+
+	return nil
+}

beacon-chain/sync/BUILD.bazel

@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ go_library(
         "rpc_blob_sidecars_by_range.go",
         "rpc_blob_sidecars_by_root.go",
         "rpc_chunked_response.go",
+        "rpc_data_column_sidecars_by_range.go",
+        "rpc_data_column_sidecars_by_root.go",
         "rpc_goodbye.go",
         "rpc_light_client.go",
         "rpc_metadata.go",
@@ -170,6 +172,8 @@ go_test(
         "rpc_beacon_blocks_by_root_test.go",
         "rpc_blob_sidecars_by_range_test.go",
         "rpc_blob_sidecars_by_root_test.go",
+        "rpc_data_column_sidecars_by_range_test.go",
+        "rpc_data_column_sidecars_by_root_test.go",
         "rpc_goodbye_test.go",
         "rpc_handler_test.go",
         "rpc_light_client_test.go",
@@ -280,6 +284,7 @@ go_test(
         "@com_github_prysmaticlabs_go_bitfield//:go_default_library",
         "@com_github_sirupsen_logrus//:go_default_library",
         "@com_github_sirupsen_logrus//hooks/test:go_default_library",
+        "@com_github_stretchr_testify//require:go_default_library",
         "@org_golang_google_protobuf//proto:go_default_library",
     ],
 )

beacon-chain/sync/error.go

@@ -15,13 +15,17 @@ import (
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
-var ErrNoValidDigest = errors.New("no valid digest matched")
-var ErrUnrecognizedVersion = errors.New("cannot determine context bytes for unrecognized object")
+var (
+	ErrNoValidDigest       = errors.New("no valid digest matched")
+	ErrUnrecognizedVersion = errors.New("cannot determine context bytes for unrecognized object")
+)
 
-var responseCodeSuccess = byte(0x00)
-var responseCodeInvalidRequest = byte(0x01)
-var responseCodeServerError = byte(0x02)
-var responseCodeResourceUnavailable = byte(0x03)
+var (
+	responseCodeSuccess             = byte(0x00)
+	responseCodeInvalidRequest      = byte(0x01)
+	responseCodeServerError         = byte(0x02)
+	responseCodeResourceUnavailable = byte(0x03)
+)
 
 func (s *Service) generateErrorResponse(code byte, reason string) ([]byte, error) {
 	return createErrorResponse(code, reason, s.cfg.p2p)

beacon-chain/sync/metrics.go

@@ -89,6 +89,13 @@ var (
 			Buckets: []float64{5, 10, 50, 100, 150, 250, 500, 1000, 2000},
 		},
 	)
+	rpcDataColumnsByRangeResponseLatency = promauto.NewHistogram(
+		prometheus.HistogramOpts{
+			Name:    "rpc_data_columns_by_range_response_latency_milliseconds",
+			Help:    "Captures total time to respond to rpc DataColumnsByRange requests in a milliseconds distribution",
+			Buckets: []float64{5, 10, 50, 100, 150, 250, 500, 1000, 2000},
+		},
+	)
 	arrivalBlockPropagationHistogram = promauto.NewHistogram(
 		prometheus.HistogramOpts{
 			Name:    "block_arrival_latency_milliseconds",

beacon-chain/sync/options.go

@@ -173,6 +173,14 @@ func WithBlobStorage(b *filesystem.BlobStorage) Option {
 	}
 }
 
+// WithDataColumnStorage gives the sync package direct access to DataColumnStorage.
+func WithDataColumnStorage(b *filesystem.DataColumnStorage) Option {
+	return func(s *Service) error {
+		s.cfg.dataColumnStorage = b
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
 // WithVerifierWaiter gives the sync package direct access to the verifier waiter.
 func WithVerifierWaiter(v *verification.InitializerWaiter) Option {
 	return func(s *Service) error {

beacon-chain/sync/rate_limiter.go

@@ -47,6 +47,10 @@ func newRateLimiter(p2pProvider p2p.P2P) *limiter {
 	allowedBlobsPerSecond := float64(flags.Get().BlobBatchLimit)
 	allowedBlobsBurst := int64(flags.Get().BlobBatchLimitBurstFactor * flags.Get().BlobBatchLimit)
 
+	// Initialize data column limits.
+	allowedDataColumnsPerSecond := float64(flags.Get().DataColumnBatchLimit)
+	allowedDataColumnsBurst := int64(flags.Get().DataColumnBatchLimitBurstFactor * flags.Get().DataColumnBatchLimit)
+
 	// Set topic map for all rpc topics.
 	topicMap := make(map[string]*leakybucket.Collector, len(p2p.RPCTopicMappings))
 	// Goodbye Message
@@ -67,6 +71,9 @@ func newRateLimiter(p2pProvider p2p.P2P) *limiter {
 	// for BlobSidecarsByRoot and BlobSidecarsByRange
 	blobCollector := leakybucket.NewCollector(allowedBlobsPerSecond, allowedBlobsBurst, blockBucketPeriod, false)
 
+	// for DataColumnSidecarsByRoot and DataColumnSidecarsByRange
+	dataColumnSidecars := leakybucket.NewCollector(allowedDataColumnsPerSecond, allowedDataColumnsBurst, blockBucketPeriod, false)
+
 	// BlocksByRoots requests
 	topicMap[addEncoding(p2p.RPCBlocksByRootTopicV1)] = blockCollector
 	topicMap[addEncoding(p2p.RPCBlocksByRootTopicV2)] = blockCollectorV2
@@ -86,6 +93,11 @@ func newRateLimiter(p2pProvider p2p.P2P) *limiter {
 	topicMap[addEncoding(p2p.RPCLightClientOptimisticUpdateTopicV1)] = leakybucket.NewCollector(1, defaultBurstLimit, leakyBucketPeriod, false /* deleteEmptyBuckets */)
 	topicMap[addEncoding(p2p.RPCLightClientFinalityUpdateTopicV1)] = leakybucket.NewCollector(1, defaultBurstLimit, leakyBucketPeriod, false /* deleteEmptyBuckets */)
 
+	// DataColumnSidecarsByRootV1
+	topicMap[addEncoding(p2p.RPCDataColumnSidecarsByRootTopicV1)] = dataColumnSidecars
+	// DataColumnSidecarsByRangeV1
+	topicMap[addEncoding(p2p.RPCDataColumnSidecarsByRangeTopicV1)] = dataColumnSidecars
+
 	// General topic for all rpc requests.
 	topicMap[rpcLimiterTopic] = leakybucket.NewCollector(5, defaultBurstLimit*2, leakyBucketPeriod, false /* deleteEmptyBuckets */)
 

beacon-chain/sync/rate_limiter_test.go

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ import (
 
 func TestNewRateLimiter(t *testing.T) {
 	rlimiter := newRateLimiter(mockp2p.NewTestP2P(t))
-	assert.Equal(t, len(rlimiter.limiterMap), 16, "correct number of topics not registered")
+	assert.Equal(t, len(rlimiter.limiterMap), 18, "correct number of topics not registered")
 }
 
 func TestNewRateLimiter_FreeCorrectly(t *testing.T) {

beacon-chain/sync/rpc.go

@@ -39,6 +39,21 @@ type rpcHandler func(context.Context, interface{}, libp2pcore.Stream) error
 
 // rpcHandlerByTopicFromFork returns the RPC handlers for a given fork index.
 func (s *Service) rpcHandlerByTopicFromFork(forkIndex int) (map[string]rpcHandler, error) {
+	// Fulu: https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/dev/specs/fulu/p2p-interface.md#messages
+	if forkIndex >= version.Fulu {
+		return map[string]rpcHandler{
+			p2p.RPCGoodByeTopicV1:                   s.goodbyeRPCHandler,
+			p2p.RPCBlocksByRangeTopicV2:             s.beaconBlocksByRangeRPCHandler,
+			p2p.RPCBlocksByRootTopicV2:              s.beaconBlocksRootRPCHandler,
+			p2p.RPCPingTopicV1:                      s.pingHandler,
+			p2p.RPCMetaDataTopicV3:                  s.metaDataHandler, // Modified in Fulu
+			p2p.RPCBlobSidecarsByRootTopicV1:        s.blobSidecarByRootRPCHandler,
+			p2p.RPCBlobSidecarsByRangeTopicV1:       s.blobSidecarsByRangeRPCHandler,
+			p2p.RPCDataColumnSidecarsByRootTopicV1:  s.dataColumnSidecarByRootRPCHandler,   // Added in Fulu
+			p2p.RPCDataColumnSidecarsByRangeTopicV1: s.dataColumnSidecarsByRangeRPCHandler, // Added in Fulu
+		}, nil
+	}
+
 	// Electra: https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/dev/specs/electra/p2p-interface.md#messages
 	if forkIndex >= version.Electra {
 		return map[string]rpcHandler{
@@ -258,9 +273,15 @@ func (s *Service) registerRPC(baseTopic string, handle rpcHandler) {
 
 		// since some requests do not have any data in the payload, we
 		// do not decode anything.
-		if baseTopic == p2p.RPCMetaDataTopicV1 || baseTopic == p2p.RPCMetaDataTopicV2 ||
-			baseTopic == p2p.RPCLightClientOptimisticUpdateTopicV1 ||
-			baseTopic == p2p.RPCLightClientFinalityUpdateTopicV1 {
+		topics := map[string]bool{
+			p2p.RPCMetaDataTopicV1:                    true,
+			p2p.RPCMetaDataTopicV2:                    true,
+			p2p.RPCMetaDataTopicV3:                    true,
+			p2p.RPCLightClientOptimisticUpdateTopicV1: true,
+			p2p.RPCLightClientFinalityUpdateTopicV1:   true,
+		}
+
+		if topics[baseTopic] {
 			if err := handle(ctx, base, stream); err != nil {
 				messageFailedProcessingCounter.WithLabelValues(topic).Inc()
 				if !errors.Is(err, p2ptypes.ErrWrongForkDigestVersion) {

beacon-chain/sync/rpc_chunked_response.go

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/consensus-types/blocks"
 	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/consensus-types/interfaces"
 	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/network/forks"
+	ethpb "github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/proto/prysm/v1alpha1"
 	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/runtime/version"
 	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/time/slots"
 	libp2pcore "github.com/libp2p/go-libp2p/core"
@@ -238,3 +239,30 @@ func WriteLightClientFinalityUpdateChunk(stream libp2pcore.Stream, tor blockchai
 	_, err = encoding.EncodeWithMaxLength(stream, update)
 	return err
 }
+
+// WriteDataColumnSidecarChunk writes data column chunk object to stream.
+// response_chunk  ::= <result> | <context-bytes> | <encoding-dependent-header> | <encoded-payload>
+func WriteDataColumnSidecarChunk(stream libp2pcore.Stream, tor blockchain.TemporalOracle, encoding encoder.NetworkEncoding, sidecar *ethpb.DataColumnSidecar) error {
+	// Success response code.
+	if _, err := stream.Write([]byte{responseCodeSuccess}); err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrap(err, "stream write")
+	}
+
+	// Fork digest.
+	genesisValidatorsRoot := tor.GenesisValidatorsRoot()
+	ctxBytes, err := forks.ForkDigestFromEpoch(slots.ToEpoch(sidecar.SignedBlockHeader.Header.Slot), genesisValidatorsRoot[:])
+	if err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrap(err, "fork digest from epoch")
+	}
+
+	if err := writeContextToStream(ctxBytes[:], stream); err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrap(err, "write context to stream")
+	}
+
+	// Sidecar.
+	if _, err = encoding.EncodeWithMaxLength(stream, sidecar); err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrap(err, "encode with max length")
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}

beacon-chain/sync/rpc_data_column_sidecars_by_range.go

@@ -0,0 +1,218 @@
+package sync
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"slices"
+	"time"
+
+	p2ptypes "github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/beacon-chain/p2p/types"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/config/params"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/consensus-types/primitives"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/monitoring/tracing"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/monitoring/tracing/trace"
+	pb "github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/proto/prysm/v1alpha1"
+	libp2pcore "github.com/libp2p/go-libp2p/core"
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+// We count a single request as a single rate limiting amount, regardless of the number of columns requested.
+const rateLimitingAmount = 1
+
+var notDataColumnsByRangeIdentifiersError = errors.New("not data columns by range identifiers")
+
+// dataColumnSidecarsByRangeRPCHandler looks up the request data columns from the database from a given start slot index
+func (s *Service) dataColumnSidecarsByRangeRPCHandler(ctx context.Context, msg interface{}, stream libp2pcore.Stream) error {
+	ctx, span := trace.StartSpan(ctx, "sync.DataColumnSidecarsByRangeHandler")
+	defer span.End()
+
+	// Check if the message type is the one expected.
+	request, ok := msg.(*pb.DataColumnSidecarsByRangeRequest)
+	if !ok {
+		return notDataColumnsByRangeIdentifiersError
+	}
+
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, respTimeout)
+	defer cancel()
+
+	SetRPCStreamDeadlines(stream)
+	beaconConfig := params.BeaconConfig()
+	maxRequestDataColumnSidecars := beaconConfig.MaxRequestDataColumnSidecars
+	remotePeer := stream.Conn().RemotePeer()
+
+	requestedColumns := request.Columns
+
+	// Format log fields.
+	var requestedColumnsLog interface{} = "all"
+	if uint64(len(requestedColumns)) != beaconConfig.NumberOfColumns {
+		requestedColumnsLog = requestedColumns
+	}
+
+	log := log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
+		"remotePeer":       remotePeer,
+		"requestedColumns": requestedColumnsLog,
+		"startSlot":        request.StartSlot,
+		"count":            request.Count,
+	})
+
+	// Validate the request regarding rate limiting.
+	if err := s.rateLimiter.validateRequest(stream, rateLimitingAmount); err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrap(err, "rate limiter validate request")
+	}
+
+	// Validate the request regarding its parameters.
+	rangeParameters, err := validateDataColumnsByRange(request, s.cfg.chain.CurrentSlot())
+	if err != nil {
+		s.writeErrorResponseToStream(responseCodeInvalidRequest, err.Error(), stream)
+		s.cfg.p2p.Peers().Scorers().BadResponsesScorer().Increment(remotePeer)
+		tracing.AnnotateError(span, err)
+		return errors.Wrap(err, "validate data columns by range")
+	}
+	if rangeParameters == nil {
+		log.Debug("No data columns by range to serve")
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	log.Debug("Serving data columns by range request")
+
+	// Ticker to stagger out large requests.
+	ticker := time.NewTicker(time.Second)
+
+	batcher, err := newBlockRangeBatcher(*rangeParameters, s.cfg.beaconDB, s.rateLimiter, s.cfg.chain.IsCanonical, ticker)
+	if err != nil {
+		s.writeErrorResponseToStream(responseCodeServerError, p2ptypes.ErrGeneric.Error(), stream)
+		tracing.AnnotateError(span, err)
+		return errors.Wrap(err, "new block range batcher")
+	}
+
+	// Derive the wanted columns for the request.
+	wantedColumns := make([]uint64, len(request.Columns))
+	copy(wantedColumns, request.Columns)
+
+	// Sort the wanted columns.
+	slices.Sort(wantedColumns)
+
+	var batch blockBatch
+	for batch, ok = batcher.next(ctx, stream); ok; batch, ok = batcher.next(ctx, stream) {
+		batchStart := time.Now()
+		maxRequestDataColumnSidecars, err = s.streamDataColumnBatch(ctx, batch, maxRequestDataColumnSidecars, wantedColumns, stream)
+		rpcDataColumnsByRangeResponseLatency.Observe(float64(time.Since(batchStart).Milliseconds()))
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		// Once the quota is reached, we're done serving the request.
+		if maxRequestDataColumnSidecars == 0 {
+			log.WithField("initialQuota", beaconConfig.MaxRequestDataColumnSidecars).Debug("Reached quota for data column sidecars by range request")
+			break
+		}
+	}
+
+	if err := batch.error(); err != nil {
+		log.WithError(err).Debug("error in DataColumnSidecarsByRange batch")
+
+		// If we hit a rate limit, the error response has already been written, and the stream is already closed.
+		if !errors.Is(err, p2ptypes.ErrRateLimited) {
+			s.writeErrorResponseToStream(responseCodeServerError, p2ptypes.ErrGeneric.Error(), stream)
+		}
+
+		tracing.AnnotateError(span, err)
+		return err
+	}
+
+	closeStream(stream, log)
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *Service) streamDataColumnBatch(ctx context.Context, batch blockBatch, quota uint64, wantedDataColumnIndices []uint64, stream libp2pcore.Stream) (uint64, error) {
+	_, span := trace.StartSpan(ctx, "sync.streamDataColumnBatch")
+	defer span.End()
+
+	// Defensive check to guard against underflow.
+	if quota == 0 {
+		return 0, nil
+	}
+
+	// Loop over the blocks in the batch.
+	for _, block := range batch.canonical() {
+		// Get the block blockRoot.
+		blockRoot := block.Root()
+
+		// Retrieve the data column sidecars from the store.
+		verifiedRODataColumns, err := s.cfg.dataColumnStorage.Get(blockRoot, wantedDataColumnIndices)
+		if err != nil {
+			s.writeErrorResponseToStream(responseCodeServerError, p2ptypes.ErrGeneric.Error(), stream)
+			return quota, errors.Wrapf(err, "get data column sidecars: block root %#x", blockRoot)
+		}
+
+		// Write the retrieved sidecars to the stream.
+		for _, verifiedRODataColumn := range verifiedRODataColumns {
+			sidecar := verifiedRODataColumn.DataColumnSidecar
+			SetStreamWriteDeadline(stream, defaultWriteDuration)
+
+			if err := WriteDataColumnSidecarChunk(stream, s.cfg.chain, s.cfg.p2p.Encoding(), sidecar); err != nil {
+				s.writeErrorResponseToStream(responseCodeServerError, p2ptypes.ErrGeneric.Error(), stream)
+				tracing.AnnotateError(span, err)
+				return quota, errors.Wrap(err, "write data column sidecar chunk")
+			}
+
+			s.rateLimiter.add(stream, rateLimitingAmount)
+			quota -= 1
+
+			// Stop streaming results once the quota of writes for the request is consumed.
+			if quota == 0 {
+				return 0, nil
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return quota, nil
+}
+
+func validateDataColumnsByRange(request *pb.DataColumnSidecarsByRangeRequest, currentSlot primitives.Slot) (*rangeParams, error) {
+	startSlot, count := request.StartSlot, request.Count
+
+	if count == 0 {
+		return nil, errors.Wrap(p2ptypes.ErrInvalidRequest, "invalid request count parameter")
+	}
+
+	endSlot, err := request.StartSlot.SafeAdd(count - 1)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.Wrap(p2ptypes.ErrInvalidRequest, "overflow start + count -1")
+	}
+
+	// Peers may overshoot the current slot when in initial sync,
+	// so we don't want to penalize them by treating the request as an error.
+	if startSlot > currentSlot {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	// Compute the oldest slot we'll allow a peer to request, based on the current slot.
+	minStartSlot, err := dataColumnsRPCMinValidSlot(currentSlot)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.Wrap(p2ptypes.ErrInvalidRequest, "data columns RPC min valid slot")
+	}
+
+	// Return early if there is nothing to serve.
+	if endSlot < minStartSlot {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	// Do not serve sidecars for slots before the minimum valid slot or after the current slot.
+	startSlot = max(startSlot, minStartSlot)
+	endSlot = min(endSlot, currentSlot)
+
+	sizeMinusOne, err := endSlot.SafeSub(uint64(startSlot))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.Errorf("overflow end - start: %d - %d - should never happen", endSlot, startSlot)
+	}
+
+	size, err := sizeMinusOne.SafeAdd(1)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.Wrap(p2ptypes.ErrInvalidRequest, "overflow end - start + 1")
+	}
+
+	rangeParameters := &rangeParams{start: startSlot, end: endSlot, size: uint64(size)}
+	return rangeParameters, nil
+}

beacon-chain/sync/rpc_data_column_sidecars_by_range_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,301 @@
+package sync
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"math"
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/libp2p/go-libp2p/core/network"
+	"github.com/libp2p/go-libp2p/core/protocol"
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+
+	chainMock "github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/beacon-chain/blockchain/testing"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/beacon-chain/db/filesystem"
+	testDB "github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/beacon-chain/db/testing"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/beacon-chain/p2p"
+	p2ptest "github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/beacon-chain/p2p/testing"
+	fieldparams "github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/config/fieldparams"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/config/params"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/consensus-types/blocks"
+	consensusblocks "github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/consensus-types/blocks"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/consensus-types/primitives"
+	pb "github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/proto/prysm/v1alpha1"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/runtime/version"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/testing/util"
+)
+
+func TestDataColumnSidecarsByRangeRPCHandler(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	t.Run("wrong message type", func(t *testing.T) {
+		service := &Service{}
+		err := service.dataColumnSidecarsByRangeRPCHandler(ctx, nil, nil)
+		require.ErrorIs(t, err, notDataColumnsByRangeIdentifiersError)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("invalid request", func(t *testing.T) {
+		slot := primitives.Slot(400)
+
+		localP2P, remoteP2P := p2ptest.NewTestP2P(t), p2ptest.NewTestP2P(t)
+
+		service := &Service{
+			cfg: &config{
+				p2p: localP2P,
+				chain: &chainMock.ChainService{
+					Slot: &slot,
+				},
+			},
+			rateLimiter: newRateLimiter(localP2P),
+		}
+
+		protocolID := protocol.ID(fmt.Sprintf("%s/ssz_snappy", p2p.RPCDataColumnSidecarsByRangeTopicV1))
+
+		var wg sync.WaitGroup
+		wg.Add(1)
+
+		remoteP2P.BHost.SetStreamHandler(protocolID, func(stream network.Stream) {
+			defer wg.Done()
+			code, _, err := readStatusCodeNoDeadline(stream, localP2P.Encoding())
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			require.Equal(t, responseCodeInvalidRequest, code)
+		})
+
+		localP2P.Connect(remoteP2P)
+		stream, err := localP2P.BHost.NewStream(ctx, remoteP2P.BHost.ID(), protocolID)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		msg := &pb.DataColumnSidecarsByRangeRequest{
+			Count: 0, // Invalid count
+		}
+		require.Equal(t, true, localP2P.Peers().Scorers().BadResponsesScorer().Score(remoteP2P.PeerID()) >= 0)
+
+		err = service.dataColumnSidecarsByRangeRPCHandler(ctx, msg, stream)
+		require.NotNil(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, true, localP2P.Peers().Scorers().BadResponsesScorer().Score(remoteP2P.PeerID()) < 0)
+
+		if util.WaitTimeout(&wg, 1*time.Second) {
+			t.Fatal("Did not receive stream within 1 sec")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("nominal", func(t *testing.T) {
+		params.SetupTestConfigCleanup(t)
+		beaconConfig := params.BeaconConfig()
+		beaconConfig.FuluForkEpoch = 0
+		params.OverrideBeaconConfig(beaconConfig)
+
+		slot := primitives.Slot(400)
+
+		params := []util.DataColumnParam{
+			{Slot: 10, Index: 1}, {Slot: 10, Index: 2}, {Slot: 10, Index: 3},
+			{Slot: 40, Index: 4}, {Slot: 40, Index: 6},
+			{Slot: 45, Index: 7}, {Slot: 45, Index: 8}, {Slot: 45, Index: 9},
+		}
+
+		_, verifiedRODataColumns := util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(t, params)
+
+		storage := filesystem.NewEphemeralDataColumnStorage(t)
+		err := storage.Save(verifiedRODataColumns)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		localP2P, remoteP2P := p2ptest.NewTestP2P(t), p2ptest.NewTestP2P(t)
+		protocolID := protocol.ID(fmt.Sprintf("%s/ssz_snappy", p2p.RPCDataColumnSidecarsByRangeTopicV1))
+
+		roots := [][fieldparams.RootLength]byte{
+			verifiedRODataColumns[0].BlockRoot(),
+			verifiedRODataColumns[3].BlockRoot(),
+			verifiedRODataColumns[5].BlockRoot(),
+		}
+
+		slots := []primitives.Slot{
+			verifiedRODataColumns[0].Slot(),
+			verifiedRODataColumns[3].Slot(),
+			verifiedRODataColumns[5].Slot(),
+		}
+
+		beaconDB := testDB.SetupDB(t)
+		roBlocks := make([]blocks.ROBlock, 0, len(roots))
+		for i := range 3 {
+			signedBeaconBlockPb := util.NewBeaconBlock()
+			signedBeaconBlockPb.Block.Slot = slots[i]
+			if i != 0 {
+				signedBeaconBlockPb.Block.ParentRoot = roots[i-1][:]
+			}
+
+			signedBeaconBlock, err := consensusblocks.NewSignedBeaconBlock(signedBeaconBlockPb)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			// There is a discrepancy between the root of the beacon block and the rodata column root,
+			// but for the sake of this test, we actually don't care.
+			roblock, err := consensusblocks.NewROBlockWithRoot(signedBeaconBlock, roots[i])
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			roBlocks = append(roBlocks, roblock)
+		}
+
+		err = beaconDB.SaveROBlocks(ctx, roBlocks, false /*cache*/)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		service := &Service{
+			cfg: &config{
+				p2p:      localP2P,
+				beaconDB: beaconDB,
+				chain: &chainMock.ChainService{
+					Slot: &slot,
+				},
+				dataColumnStorage: storage,
+			},
+			rateLimiter: newRateLimiter(localP2P),
+		}
+
+		ctxMap := ContextByteVersions{
+			[4]byte{245, 165, 253, 66}: version.Fulu,
+		}
+
+		root0 := verifiedRODataColumns[0].BlockRoot()
+		root3 := verifiedRODataColumns[3].BlockRoot()
+		root5 := verifiedRODataColumns[5].BlockRoot()
+
+		var wg sync.WaitGroup
+		wg.Add(1)
+
+		remoteP2P.BHost.SetStreamHandler(protocolID, func(stream network.Stream) {
+			defer wg.Done()
+
+			sidecars := make([]*blocks.RODataColumn, 0, 5)
+
+			for i := uint64(0); ; /* no stop condition */ i++ {
+				sidecar, err := readChunkedDataColumnSidecar(stream, remoteP2P, ctxMap)
+				if errors.Is(err, io.EOF) {
+					// End of stream.
+					break
+				}
+
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+				sidecars = append(sidecars, sidecar)
+			}
+
+			require.Equal(t, 8, len(sidecars))
+			require.Equal(t, root0, sidecars[0].BlockRoot())
+			require.Equal(t, root0, sidecars[1].BlockRoot())
+			require.Equal(t, root0, sidecars[2].BlockRoot())
+			require.Equal(t, root3, sidecars[3].BlockRoot())
+			require.Equal(t, root3, sidecars[4].BlockRoot())
+			require.Equal(t, root5, sidecars[5].BlockRoot())
+			require.Equal(t, root5, sidecars[6].BlockRoot())
+			require.Equal(t, root5, sidecars[7].BlockRoot())
+
+			require.Equal(t, uint64(1), sidecars[0].Index)
+			require.Equal(t, uint64(2), sidecars[1].Index)
+			require.Equal(t, uint64(3), sidecars[2].Index)
+			require.Equal(t, uint64(4), sidecars[3].Index)
+			require.Equal(t, uint64(6), sidecars[4].Index)
+			require.Equal(t, uint64(7), sidecars[5].Index)
+			require.Equal(t, uint64(8), sidecars[6].Index)
+			require.Equal(t, uint64(9), sidecars[7].Index)
+		})
+
+		localP2P.Connect(remoteP2P)
+		stream, err := localP2P.BHost.NewStream(ctx, remoteP2P.BHost.ID(), protocolID)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		msg := &pb.DataColumnSidecarsByRangeRequest{
+			StartSlot: 5,
+			Count:     50,
+			Columns:   []uint64{1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10},
+		}
+
+		err = service.dataColumnSidecarsByRangeRPCHandler(ctx, msg, stream)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+	})
+
+}
+
+func TestValidateDataColumnsByRange(t *testing.T) {
+	maxUint := primitives.Slot(math.MaxUint64)
+
+	params.SetupTestConfigCleanup(t)
+	config := params.BeaconConfig()
+	config.FuluForkEpoch = 10
+	config.MinEpochsForDataColumnSidecarsRequest = 4096
+	params.OverrideBeaconConfig(config)
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name        string
+		startSlot   primitives.Slot
+		count       uint64
+		currentSlot primitives.Slot
+		expected    *rangeParams
+		expectErr   bool
+		errContains string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:        "zero count returns error",
+			count:       0,
+			expectErr:   true,
+			errContains: "invalid request count parameter",
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "overflow in addition returns error",
+			startSlot:   maxUint - 5,
+			count:       10,
+			currentSlot: maxUint,
+			expectErr:   true,
+			errContains: "overflow start + count -1",
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "start greater than current returns nil",
+			startSlot:   150,
+			count:       10,
+			currentSlot: 100,
+			expected:    nil,
+			expectErr:   false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "end slot greater than min start slot returns nil",
+			startSlot:   150,
+			count:       100,
+			currentSlot: 300,
+			expected:    nil,
+			expectErr:   false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "range within limits",
+			startSlot:   350,
+			count:       10,
+			currentSlot: 400,
+			expected:    &rangeParams{start: 350, end: 359, size: 10},
+			expectErr:   false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "range exceeds limits",
+			startSlot:   0,
+			count:       10_000,
+			currentSlot: 400,
+			expected:    &rangeParams{start: 320, end: 400, size: 81},
+			expectErr:   false,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range tests {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			request := &pb.DataColumnSidecarsByRangeRequest{
+				StartSlot: tc.startSlot,
+				Count:     tc.count,
+			}
+
+			rangeParameters, err := validateDataColumnsByRange(request, tc.currentSlot)
+			if tc.expectErr {
+				require.ErrorContains(t, err, tc.errContains)
+				return
+			}
+
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			require.Equal(t, tc.expected, rangeParameters)
+		})
+	}
+}

beacon-chain/sync/rpc_data_column_sidecars_by_root.go

@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+package sync
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"math"
+	"slices"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/beacon-chain/p2p/types"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/cmd/beacon-chain/flags"
+	fieldparams "github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/config/fieldparams"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/config/params"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/consensus-types/primitives"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/monitoring/tracing"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/monitoring/tracing/trace"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/time/slots"
+	libp2pcore "github.com/libp2p/go-libp2p/core"
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+var (
+	notDataColumnsByRootIdentifiersError = errors.New("not data columns by root identifiers")
+	tickerDelay                          = time.Second
+)
+
+// dataColumnSidecarByRootRPCHandler handles the data column sidecars by root RPC request.
+// https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/dev/specs/fulu/p2p-interface.md#datacolumnsidecarsbyroot-v1
+func (s *Service) dataColumnSidecarByRootRPCHandler(ctx context.Context, msg interface{}, stream libp2pcore.Stream) error {
+	ctx, span := trace.StartSpan(ctx, "sync.dataColumnSidecarByRootRPCHandler")
+	defer span.End()
+
+	batchSize := flags.Get().DataColumnBatchLimit
+	numberOfColumns := params.BeaconConfig().NumberOfColumns
+
+	// Check if the message type is the one expected.
+	ref, ok := msg.(*types.DataColumnsByRootIdentifiers)
+	if !ok {
+		return notDataColumnsByRootIdentifiersError
+	}
+
+	requestedColumnIdents := *ref
+	remotePeerId := stream.Conn().RemotePeer()
+
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, ttfbTimeout)
+	defer cancel()
+
+	SetRPCStreamDeadlines(stream)
+
+	// Penalize peers that send invalid requests.
+	if err := validateDataColumnsByRootRequest(requestedColumnIdents); err != nil {
+		s.cfg.p2p.Peers().Scorers().BadResponsesScorer().Increment(remotePeerId)
+		s.writeErrorResponseToStream(responseCodeInvalidRequest, err.Error(), stream)
+		return errors.Wrap(err, "validate data columns by root request")
+	}
+
+	requestedColumnsByRoot := make(map[[fieldparams.RootLength]byte][]uint64)
+	for _, columnIdent := range requestedColumnIdents {
+		var root [fieldparams.RootLength]byte
+		copy(root[:], columnIdent.BlockRoot)
+		requestedColumnsByRoot[root] = append(requestedColumnsByRoot[root], columnIdent.Columns...)
+	}
+
+	// Sort by column index for each root.
+	for _, columns := range requestedColumnsByRoot {
+		slices.Sort(columns)
+	}
+
+	// Format nice logs.
+	requestedColumnsByRootLog := make(map[string]interface{})
+	for root, columns := range requestedColumnsByRoot {
+		rootStr := fmt.Sprintf("%#x", root)
+		requestedColumnsByRootLog[rootStr] = "all"
+		if uint64(len(columns)) != numberOfColumns {
+			requestedColumnsByRootLog[rootStr] = columns
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Compute the oldest slot we'll allow a peer to request, based on the current slot.
+	minReqSlot, err := dataColumnsRPCMinValidSlot(s.cfg.clock.CurrentSlot())
+	if err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrapf(err, "data columns RPC min valid slot")
+	}
+
+	log := log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
+		"peer":    remotePeerId,
+		"columns": requestedColumnsByRootLog,
+	})
+
+	defer closeStream(stream, log)
+
+	var ticker *time.Ticker
+	if len(requestedColumnIdents) > batchSize {
+		ticker = time.NewTicker(tickerDelay)
+	}
+
+	log.Debug("Serving data column sidecar by root request")
+
+	count := 0
+	for root, columns := range requestedColumnsByRoot {
+		if err := ctx.Err(); err != nil {
+			closeStream(stream, log)
+			return errors.Wrap(err, "context error")
+		}
+
+		// Throttle request processing to no more than batchSize/sec.
+		for range columns {
+			if ticker != nil && count != 0 && count%batchSize == 0 {
+				<-ticker.C
+			}
+
+			count++
+		}
+
+		s.rateLimiter.add(stream, int64(len(columns)))
+
+		// Retrieve the requested sidecars from the store.
+		verifiedRODataColumns, err := s.cfg.dataColumnStorage.Get(root, columns)
+		if err != nil {
+			s.writeErrorResponseToStream(responseCodeServerError, types.ErrGeneric.Error(), stream)
+			return errors.Wrap(err, "get data column sidecars")
+		}
+
+		for _, verifiedRODataColumn := range verifiedRODataColumns {
+			// Filter out data column sidecars that are too old.
+			if verifiedRODataColumn.SignedBlockHeader.Header.Slot < minReqSlot {
+				continue
+			}
+
+			SetStreamWriteDeadline(stream, defaultWriteDuration)
+			if chunkErr := WriteDataColumnSidecarChunk(stream, s.cfg.chain, s.cfg.p2p.Encoding(), verifiedRODataColumn.DataColumnSidecar); chunkErr != nil {
+				s.writeErrorResponseToStream(responseCodeServerError, types.ErrGeneric.Error(), stream)
+				tracing.AnnotateError(span, chunkErr)
+				return chunkErr
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// validateDataColumnsByRootRequest checks if the request for data column sidecars is valid.
+func validateDataColumnsByRootRequest(colIdents types.DataColumnsByRootIdentifiers) error {
+	total := uint64(0)
+	for _, id := range colIdents {
+		total += uint64(len(id.Columns))
+	}
+
+	if total > params.BeaconConfig().MaxRequestDataColumnSidecars {
+		return types.ErrMaxDataColumnReqExceeded
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// dataColumnsRPCMinValidSlot returns the minimum slot that a peer can request data column sidecars for.
+func dataColumnsRPCMinValidSlot(currentSlot primitives.Slot) (primitives.Slot, error) {
+	// Avoid overflow if we're running on a config where fulu is set to far future epoch.
+	if !params.FuluEnabled() {
+		return primitives.Slot(math.MaxUint64), nil
+	}
+
+	beaconConfig := params.BeaconConfig()
+	minReqEpochs := beaconConfig.MinEpochsForDataColumnSidecarsRequest
+	minStartEpoch := beaconConfig.FuluForkEpoch
+
+	currEpoch := slots.ToEpoch(currentSlot)
+	if currEpoch > minReqEpochs && currEpoch-minReqEpochs > minStartEpoch {
+		minStartEpoch = currEpoch - minReqEpochs
+	}
+
+	epochStart, err := slots.EpochStart(minStartEpoch)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, errors.Wrapf(err, "epoch start for epoch %d", minStartEpoch)
+	}
+
+	return epochStart, nil
+}

beacon-chain/sync/rpc_data_column_sidecars_by_root_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,321 @@
+package sync
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"io"
+	"math"
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	chainMock "github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/beacon-chain/blockchain/testing"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/beacon-chain/db/filesystem"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/beacon-chain/p2p"
+	p2ptest "github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/beacon-chain/p2p/testing"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/beacon-chain/p2p/types"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/beacon-chain/startup"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/cmd/beacon-chain/flags"
+	fieldparams "github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/config/fieldparams"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/config/params"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/consensus-types/blocks"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/consensus-types/primitives"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/runtime/version"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/testing/require"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/testing/util"
+	"github.com/libp2p/go-libp2p/core/network"
+	"github.com/libp2p/go-libp2p/core/protocol"
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+)
+
+func TestDataColumnSidecarsByRootRPCHandler(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	t.Run("wrong message type", func(t *testing.T) {
+		service := &Service{}
+		err := service.dataColumnSidecarByRootRPCHandler(ctx, nil, nil)
+		require.ErrorIs(t, err, notDataColumnsByRootIdentifiersError)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("invalid request", func(t *testing.T) {
+		params.SetupTestConfigCleanup(t)
+		beaconConfig := params.BeaconConfig()
+		beaconConfig.MaxRequestDataColumnSidecars = 1
+		params.OverrideBeaconConfig(beaconConfig)
+
+		localP2P := p2ptest.NewTestP2P(t)
+		service := &Service{cfg: &config{p2p: localP2P}}
+
+		protocolID := protocol.ID(p2p.RPCDataColumnSidecarsByRootTopicV1)
+		remoteP2P := p2ptest.NewTestP2P(t)
+
+		var wg sync.WaitGroup
+		wg.Add(1)
+
+		remoteP2P.BHost.SetStreamHandler(protocolID, func(stream network.Stream) {
+			defer wg.Done()
+			code, errMsg, err := readStatusCodeNoDeadline(stream, localP2P.Encoding())
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			require.Equal(t, responseCodeInvalidRequest, code)
+			require.Equal(t, types.ErrMaxDataColumnReqExceeded.Error(), errMsg)
+		})
+
+		localP2P.Connect(remoteP2P)
+		stream, err := localP2P.BHost.NewStream(ctx, remoteP2P.BHost.ID(), protocolID)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		msg := &types.DataColumnsByRootIdentifiers{{Columns: []uint64{1, 2, 3}}}
+		require.Equal(t, true, localP2P.Peers().Scorers().BadResponsesScorer().Score(remoteP2P.PeerID()) >= 0)
+
+		err = service.dataColumnSidecarByRootRPCHandler(ctx, msg, stream)
+		require.NotNil(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, true, localP2P.Peers().Scorers().BadResponsesScorer().Score(remoteP2P.PeerID()) < 0)
+
+		if util.WaitTimeout(&wg, 1*time.Second) {
+			t.Fatal("Did not receive stream within 1 sec")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("nominal", func(t *testing.T) {
+		resetFlags := flags.Get()
+		gFlags := new(flags.GlobalFlags)
+		gFlags.DataColumnBatchLimit = 2
+		flags.Init(gFlags)
+		defer flags.Init(resetFlags)
+
+		// Setting the ticker to 0 will cause the ticker to panic.
+		// Setting it to the minimum value instead.
+		refTickerDelay := tickerDelay
+		tickerDelay = time.Nanosecond
+		defer func() {
+			tickerDelay = refTickerDelay
+		}()
+
+		params.SetupTestConfigCleanup(t)
+		beaconConfig := params.BeaconConfig()
+		beaconConfig.FuluForkEpoch = 1
+		params.OverrideBeaconConfig(beaconConfig)
+
+		localP2P := p2ptest.NewTestP2P(t)
+		clock := startup.NewClock(time.Now(), [fieldparams.RootLength]byte{})
+
+		params := []util.DataColumnParam{
+			{Slot: 10, Index: 1}, {Slot: 10, Index: 2}, {Slot: 10, Index: 3},
+			{Slot: 40, Index: 4}, {Slot: 40, Index: 6},
+			{Slot: 45, Index: 7}, {Slot: 45, Index: 8}, {Slot: 45, Index: 9},
+		}
+
+		_, verifiedRODataColumns := util.CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(t, params)
+
+		storage := filesystem.NewEphemeralDataColumnStorage(t)
+		err := storage.Save(verifiedRODataColumns)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		service := &Service{
+			cfg: &config{
+				p2p:               localP2P,
+				clock:             clock,
+				dataColumnStorage: storage,
+				chain:             &chainMock.ChainService{},
+			},
+			rateLimiter: newRateLimiter(localP2P),
+		}
+
+		protocolID := protocol.ID(p2p.RPCDataColumnSidecarsByRootTopicV1)
+		remoteP2P := p2ptest.NewTestP2P(t)
+
+		var wg sync.WaitGroup
+		wg.Add(1)
+
+		ctxMap := ContextByteVersions{
+			[4]byte{245, 165, 253, 66}: version.Fulu,
+		}
+
+		root0 := verifiedRODataColumns[0].BlockRoot()
+		root3 := verifiedRODataColumns[3].BlockRoot()
+		root5 := verifiedRODataColumns[5].BlockRoot()
+
+		remoteP2P.BHost.SetStreamHandler(protocolID, func(stream network.Stream) {
+			defer wg.Done()
+
+			sidecars := make([]*blocks.RODataColumn, 0, 5)
+
+			for i := uint64(0); ; /* no stop condition */ i++ {
+				sidecar, err := readChunkedDataColumnSidecar(stream, remoteP2P, ctxMap)
+				if errors.Is(err, io.EOF) {
+					// End of stream.
+					break
+				}
+
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+				sidecars = append(sidecars, sidecar)
+			}
+
+			require.Equal(t, 5, len(sidecars))
+			require.Equal(t, root3, sidecars[0].BlockRoot())
+			require.Equal(t, root3, sidecars[1].BlockRoot())
+			require.Equal(t, root5, sidecars[2].BlockRoot())
+			require.Equal(t, root5, sidecars[3].BlockRoot())
+			require.Equal(t, root5, sidecars[4].BlockRoot())
+
+			require.Equal(t, uint64(4), sidecars[0].Index)
+			require.Equal(t, uint64(6), sidecars[1].Index)
+			require.Equal(t, uint64(7), sidecars[2].Index)
+			require.Equal(t, uint64(8), sidecars[3].Index)
+			require.Equal(t, uint64(9), sidecars[4].Index)
+		})
+
+		localP2P.Connect(remoteP2P)
+		stream, err := localP2P.BHost.NewStream(ctx, remoteP2P.BHost.ID(), protocolID)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		msg := &types.DataColumnsByRootIdentifiers{
+			{
+				BlockRoot: root0[:],
+				Columns:   []uint64{1, 2, 3},
+			},
+			{
+				BlockRoot: root3[:],
+				Columns:   []uint64{4, 5, 6},
+			},
+			{
+				BlockRoot: root5[:],
+				Columns:   []uint64{7, 8, 9},
+			},
+		}
+
+		err = service.dataColumnSidecarByRootRPCHandler(ctx, msg, stream)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, true, localP2P.Peers().Scorers().BadResponsesScorer().Score(remoteP2P.PeerID()) >= 0)
+
+		if util.WaitTimeout(&wg, 1*time.Minute) {
+			t.Fatal("Did not receive stream within 1 sec")
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func TestValidateDataColumnsByRootRequest(t *testing.T) {
+	params.SetupTestConfigCleanup(t)
+	config := params.BeaconConfig()
+	maxCols := uint64(10) // Set a small value for testing
+	config.MaxRequestDataColumnSidecars = maxCols
+	params.OverrideBeaconConfig(config)
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name        string
+		colIdents   types.DataColumnsByRootIdentifiers
+		expectedErr error
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "Invalid request - multiple identifiers exceed max",
+			colIdents: types.DataColumnsByRootIdentifiers{
+				{
+					BlockRoot: make([]byte, fieldparams.RootLength),
+					Columns:   make([]uint64, maxCols/2+1),
+				},
+				{
+					BlockRoot: make([]byte, fieldparams.RootLength),
+					Columns:   make([]uint64, maxCols/2+1),
+				},
+			},
+			expectedErr: types.ErrMaxDataColumnReqExceeded,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Valid request - less than max",
+			colIdents: types.DataColumnsByRootIdentifiers{
+				{
+					BlockRoot: make([]byte, fieldparams.RootLength),
+					Columns:   make([]uint64, maxCols-1),
+				},
+			},
+			expectedErr: nil,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Valid request - multiple identifiers sum to max",
+			colIdents: types.DataColumnsByRootIdentifiers{
+				{
+					BlockRoot: make([]byte, fieldparams.RootLength),
+					Columns:   make([]uint64, maxCols/2),
+				},
+				{
+					BlockRoot: make([]byte, fieldparams.RootLength),
+					Columns:   make([]uint64, maxCols/2),
+				},
+			},
+			expectedErr: nil,
+		},
+	}
+
+	// Run tests
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			err := validateDataColumnsByRootRequest(tt.colIdents)
+			if tt.expectedErr == nil {
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+			} else {
+				require.ErrorIs(t, err, tt.expectedErr)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDataColumnsRPCMinValidSlot(t *testing.T) {
+	type testCase struct {
+		name          string
+		fuluForkEpoch primitives.Epoch
+		minReqEpochs  primitives.Epoch
+		currentSlot   primitives.Slot
+		expected      primitives.Slot
+	}
+
+	slotsPerEpoch := params.BeaconConfig().SlotsPerEpoch
+	testCases := []testCase{
+		{
+			name:          "Fulu not enabled",
+			fuluForkEpoch: math.MaxUint64, // Disable Fulu
+			minReqEpochs:  5,
+			currentSlot:   0,
+			expected:      primitives.Slot(math.MaxUint64),
+		},
+		{
+			name:          "Current epoch is before fulu fork epoch",
+			fuluForkEpoch: 10,
+			minReqEpochs:  5,
+			currentSlot:   primitives.Slot(8 * slotsPerEpoch),
+			expected:      primitives.Slot(10 * slotsPerEpoch),
+		},
+		{
+			name:          "Current epoch is fulu fork epoch",
+			fuluForkEpoch: 10,
+			minReqEpochs:  5,
+			currentSlot:   primitives.Slot(10 * slotsPerEpoch),
+			expected:      primitives.Slot(10 * slotsPerEpoch),
+		},
+		{
+			name:          "Current epoch between fulu fork epoch and minReqEpochs",
+			fuluForkEpoch: 10,
+			minReqEpochs:  20,
+			currentSlot:   primitives.Slot(15 * slotsPerEpoch),
+			expected:      primitives.Slot(10 * slotsPerEpoch),
+		},
+		{
+			name:          "Current epoch after fulu fork epoch + minReqEpochs",
+			fuluForkEpoch: 10,
+			minReqEpochs:  5,
+			currentSlot:   primitives.Slot(20 * slotsPerEpoch),
+			expected:      primitives.Slot(15 * slotsPerEpoch),
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range testCases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			params.SetupTestConfigCleanup(t)
+			config := params.BeaconConfig()
+			config.FuluForkEpoch = tc.fuluForkEpoch
+			config.MinEpochsForDataColumnSidecarsRequest = tc.minReqEpochs
+			params.OverrideBeaconConfig(config)
+
+			actual, err := dataColumnsRPCMinValidSlot(tc.currentSlot)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			require.Equal(t, tc.expected, actual)
+		})
+	}
+}

beacon-chain/sync/rpc_handler_test.go

@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@ type rpcHandlerTest struct {
 	s       *Service
 }
 
-func (rt *rpcHandlerTest) testHandler(nh network.StreamHandler, rh rpcHandler, rhi interface{}) {
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(rt.t.Context(), rt.timeout)
+func (rt *rpcHandlerTest) testHandler(streamHandler network.StreamHandler, rpcHandler rpcHandler, message interface{}) {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), rt.timeout)
 	defer func() {
 		cancel()
 	}()
@@ -36,16 +36,18 @@ func (rt *rpcHandlerTest) testHandler(nh network.StreamHandler, rh rpcHandler, r
 	defer func() {
 		require.NoError(rt.t, client.Disconnect(server.PeerID()))
 	}()
+
 	require.Equal(rt.t, 1, len(client.BHost.Network().Peers()), "Expected peers to be connected")
-	h := func(stream network.Stream) {
+	handler := func(stream network.Stream) {
 		defer w.Done()
-		nh(stream)
+		streamHandler(stream)
 	}
-	server.BHost.SetStreamHandler(rt.topic, h)
+
+	server.BHost.SetStreamHandler(rt.topic, handler)
 	stream, err := client.BHost.NewStream(ctx, server.BHost.ID(), rt.topic)
 	require.NoError(rt.t, err)
 
-	err = rh(ctx, rhi, stream)
+	err = rpcHandler(ctx, message, stream)
 	if rt.err == nil {
 		require.NoError(rt.t, err)
 	} else {

beacon-chain/sync/rpc_send_request.go

@@ -39,8 +39,13 @@ var (
 	errBlobResponseOutOfBounds        = errors.Wrap(verification.ErrBlobInvalid, "received BlobSidecar with slot outside BlobSidecarsByRangeRequest bounds")
 	errChunkResponseBlockMismatch     = errors.Wrap(verification.ErrBlobInvalid, "blob block details do not match")
 	errChunkResponseParentMismatch    = errors.Wrap(verification.ErrBlobInvalid, "parent root for response element doesn't match previous element root")
+	errDataColumnChunkedReadFailure   = errors.New("failed to read stream of chunk-encoded data columns")
 )
 
+// ------
+// Blocks
+// ------
+
 // BeaconBlockProcessor defines a block processing function, which allows to start utilizing
 // blocks even before all blocks are ready.
 type BeaconBlockProcessor func(block interfaces.ReadOnlySignedBeaconBlock) error
@@ -154,6 +159,14 @@ func SendBeaconBlocksByRootRequest(
 	return blocks, nil
 }
 
+// -------------
+// Blob sidecars
+// -------------
+
+// BlobResponseValidation represents a function that can validate aspects of a single unmarshaled blob sidecar
+// that was received from a peer in response to an rpc request.
+type BlobResponseValidation func(blocks.ROBlob) error
+
 func SendBlobsByRangeRequest(ctx context.Context, tor blockchain.TemporalOracle, p2pApi p2p.SenderEncoder, pid peer.ID, ctxMap ContextByteVersions, req *ethpb.BlobSidecarsByRangeRequest, bvs ...BlobResponseValidation) ([]blocks.ROBlob, error) {
 	topic, err := p2p.TopicFromMessage(p2p.BlobSidecarsByRangeName, slots.ToEpoch(tor.CurrentSlot()))
 	if err != nil {
@@ -215,10 +228,6 @@ func SendBlobSidecarByRoot(
 	return readChunkEncodedBlobs(stream, p2pApi.Encoding(), ctxMap, blobValidatorFromRootReq(req), max)
 }
 
-// BlobResponseValidation represents a function that can validate aspects of a single unmarshaled blob
-// that was received from a peer in response to an rpc request.
-type BlobResponseValidation func(blocks.ROBlob) error
-
 func composeBlobValidations(vf ...BlobResponseValidation) BlobResponseValidation {
 	return func(blob blocks.ROBlob) error {
 		for i := range vf {
@@ -383,3 +392,69 @@ func readChunkedBlobSidecar(stream network.Stream, encoding encoder.NetworkEncod
 
 	return rob, nil
 }
+
+// --------------------
+// Data column sidecars
+// --------------------
+
+// DataColumnResponseValidation represents a function that can validate aspects of a single unmarshaled data column sidecar
+// that was received from a peer in response to an rpc request.
+type DataColumnResponseValidation func(column blocks.RODataColumn) error
+
+func readChunkedDataColumnSidecar(
+	stream network.Stream,
+	p2pApi p2p.P2P,
+	ctxMap ContextByteVersions,
+	validationFunctions ...DataColumnResponseValidation,
+) (*blocks.RODataColumn, error) {
+	// Read the status code from the stream.
+	statusCode, errMessage, err := ReadStatusCode(stream, p2pApi.Encoding())
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "read status code")
+	}
+
+	if statusCode != 0 {
+		return nil, errors.Wrap(errDataColumnChunkedReadFailure, errMessage)
+	}
+
+	// Retrieve the fork digest.
+	ctxBytes, err := readContextFromStream(stream)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "read context from stream")
+	}
+
+	// Check if the fork digest is recognized.
+	msgVersion, ok := ctxMap[bytesutil.ToBytes4(ctxBytes)]
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, errors.Errorf("unrecognized fork digest %#x", ctxBytes)
+	}
+
+	// Check if we are on Fulu.
+	if msgVersion < version.Fulu {
+		return nil, errors.Errorf(
+			"unexpected context bytes for DataColumnSidecar, ctx=%#x, msgVersion=%v, minimalSupportedVersion=%v",
+			ctxBytes, version.String(msgVersion), version.String(version.Fulu),
+		)
+	}
+
+	// Decode the data column sidecar from the stream.
+	dataColumnSidecar := new(ethpb.DataColumnSidecar)
+	if err := p2pApi.Encoding().DecodeWithMaxLength(stream, dataColumnSidecar); err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "failed to decode the protobuf-encoded BlobSidecar message from RPC chunk stream")
+	}
+
+	// Create a read-only data column from the data column sidecar.
+	roDataColumn, err := blocks.NewRODataColumn(dataColumnSidecar)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "new read only data column")
+	}
+
+	// Run validation functions.
+	for _, validationFunction := range validationFunctions {
+		if err := validationFunction(roDataColumn); err != nil {
+			return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "validation function")
+		}
+	}
+
+	return &roDataColumn, nil
+}

beacon-chain/sync/rpc_send_request_test.go

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
+	"sync"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
@@ -20,6 +21,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/consensus-types/primitives"
 	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/encoding/bytesutil"
 	ethpb "github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/proto/prysm/v1alpha1"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/runtime/version"
 	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/testing/assert"
 	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/testing/require"
 	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/testing/util"
@@ -882,3 +884,207 @@ func TestSendBlobsByRangeRequest(t *testing.T) {
 func TestErrInvalidFetchedDataDistinction(t *testing.T) {
 	require.Equal(t, false, errors.Is(ErrInvalidFetchedData, verification.ErrBlobInvalid))
 }
+
+func TestReadChunkedDataColumnSidecar(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("non nil status code", func(t *testing.T) {
+		const reason = "a dummy reason"
+
+		p1, p2 := p2ptest.NewTestP2P(t), p2ptest.NewTestP2P(t)
+
+		var wg sync.WaitGroup
+		wg.Add(1)
+		p2.SetStreamHandler(p2p.RPCDataColumnSidecarsByRootTopicV1, func(stream network.Stream) {
+			defer wg.Done()
+
+			_, err := readChunkedDataColumnSidecar(stream, p2, nil)
+			require.ErrorContains(t, reason, err)
+		})
+
+		p1.Connect(p2)
+
+		stream, err := p1.BHost.NewStream(t.Context(), p2.PeerID(), p2p.RPCDataColumnSidecarsByRootTopicV1)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		writeErrorResponseToStream(responseCodeInvalidRequest, reason, stream, p1)
+
+		if util.WaitTimeout(&wg, time.Second) {
+			t.Fatal("Did not receive stream within 1 sec")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("unrecognized fork digest", func(t *testing.T) {
+		p1, p2 := p2ptest.NewTestP2P(t), p2ptest.NewTestP2P(t)
+
+		var wg sync.WaitGroup
+		wg.Add(1)
+		p2.SetStreamHandler(p2p.RPCDataColumnSidecarsByRootTopicV1, func(stream network.Stream) {
+			defer wg.Done()
+
+			_, err := readChunkedDataColumnSidecar(stream, p2, ContextByteVersions{})
+			require.ErrorContains(t, "unrecognized fork digest", err)
+		})
+
+		p1.Connect(p2)
+
+		stream, err := p1.BHost.NewStream(t.Context(), p2.PeerID(), p2p.RPCDataColumnSidecarsByRootTopicV1)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		_, err = stream.Write([]byte{responseCodeSuccess})
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		err = writeContextToStream([]byte{42, 42, 42, 42}, stream)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		if util.WaitTimeout(&wg, time.Second) {
+			t.Fatal("Did not receive stream within 1 sec")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("before fulu", func(t *testing.T) {
+		p1, p2 := p2ptest.NewTestP2P(t), p2ptest.NewTestP2P(t)
+
+		var wg sync.WaitGroup
+		wg.Add(1)
+		p2.SetStreamHandler(p2p.RPCDataColumnSidecarsByRootTopicV1, func(stream network.Stream) {
+			defer wg.Done()
+
+			_, err := readChunkedDataColumnSidecar(stream, p2, ContextByteVersions{[4]byte{1, 2, 3, 4}: version.Phase0})
+			require.ErrorContains(t, "unexpected context bytes", err)
+		})
+
+		p1.Connect(p2)
+
+		stream, err := p1.BHost.NewStream(t.Context(), p2.PeerID(), p2p.RPCDataColumnSidecarsByRootTopicV1)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		_, err = stream.Write([]byte{responseCodeSuccess})
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		err = writeContextToStream([]byte{1, 2, 3, 4}, stream)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		if util.WaitTimeout(&wg, time.Second) {
+			t.Fatal("Did not receive stream within 1 sec")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("one validation failed", func(t *testing.T) {
+		const reason = "a dummy reason"
+
+		p1, p2 := p2ptest.NewTestP2P(t), p2ptest.NewTestP2P(t)
+
+		var wg sync.WaitGroup
+		wg.Add(1)
+		p2.SetStreamHandler(p2p.RPCDataColumnSidecarsByRootTopicV1, func(stream network.Stream) {
+			defer wg.Done()
+
+			validationOne := func(column blocks.RODataColumn) error {
+				return nil
+			}
+
+			validationTwo := func(column blocks.RODataColumn) error {
+				return errors.New(reason)
+			}
+
+			_, err := readChunkedDataColumnSidecar(
+				stream,
+				p2,
+				ContextByteVersions{[4]byte{1, 2, 3, 4}: version.Fulu},
+				validationOne, // OK
+				validationTwo, // Fail
+			)
+
+			require.ErrorContains(t, reason, err)
+		})
+
+		p1.Connect(p2)
+
+		stream, err := p1.BHost.NewStream(t.Context(), p2.PeerID(), p2p.RPCDataColumnSidecarsByRootTopicV1)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		const count = 4
+		kzgCommitmentsInclusionProof := make([][]byte, 0, count)
+		for range count {
+			kzgCommitmentsInclusionProof = append(kzgCommitmentsInclusionProof, make([]byte, 32))
+		}
+
+		// Success response code.
+		_, err = stream.Write([]byte{responseCodeSuccess})
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		// Fork digest.
+		err = writeContextToStream([]byte{1, 2, 3, 4}, stream)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		// Sidecar.
+		_, err = p1.Encoding().EncodeWithMaxLength(stream, &ethpb.DataColumnSidecar{
+			SignedBlockHeader: &ethpb.SignedBeaconBlockHeader{
+				Header: &ethpb.BeaconBlockHeader{
+					ParentRoot: make([]byte, fieldparams.RootLength),
+					StateRoot:  make([]byte, fieldparams.RootLength),
+					BodyRoot:   make([]byte, fieldparams.RootLength),
+				},
+				Signature: make([]byte, fieldparams.BLSSignatureLength),
+			},
+			KzgCommitmentsInclusionProof: kzgCommitmentsInclusionProof,
+		})
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		if util.WaitTimeout(&wg, time.Minute) {
+			t.Fatal("Did not receive stream within 1 sec")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("nominal", func(t *testing.T) {
+		p1, p2 := p2ptest.NewTestP2P(t), p2ptest.NewTestP2P(t)
+
+		const count = 4
+		kzgCommitmentsInclusionProof := make([][]byte, 0, count)
+		for range count {
+			kzgCommitmentsInclusionProof = append(kzgCommitmentsInclusionProof, make([]byte, 32))
+		}
+
+		expected := &ethpb.DataColumnSidecar{
+			SignedBlockHeader: &ethpb.SignedBeaconBlockHeader{
+				Header: &ethpb.BeaconBlockHeader{
+					ParentRoot: make([]byte, fieldparams.RootLength),
+					StateRoot:  make([]byte, fieldparams.RootLength),
+					BodyRoot:   make([]byte, fieldparams.RootLength),
+				},
+				Signature: make([]byte, fieldparams.BLSSignatureLength),
+			},
+			KzgCommitmentsInclusionProof: kzgCommitmentsInclusionProof,
+		}
+
+		var wg sync.WaitGroup
+		wg.Add(1)
+		p2.SetStreamHandler(p2p.RPCDataColumnSidecarsByRootTopicV1, func(stream network.Stream) {
+			defer wg.Done()
+
+			actual, err := readChunkedDataColumnSidecar(stream, p2, ContextByteVersions{[4]byte{1, 2, 3, 4}: version.Fulu})
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			require.DeepSSZEqual(t, expected, actual.DataColumnSidecar)
+		})
+
+		p1.Connect(p2)
+
+		stream, err := p1.BHost.NewStream(t.Context(), p2.PeerID(), p2p.RPCDataColumnSidecarsByRootTopicV1)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		// Success response code.
+		_, err = stream.Write([]byte{responseCodeSuccess})
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		// Fork digest.
+		err = writeContextToStream([]byte{1, 2, 3, 4}, stream)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		// Sidecar.
+		_, err = p1.Encoding().EncodeWithMaxLength(stream, expected)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		if util.WaitTimeout(&wg, time.Minute) {
+			t.Fatal("Did not receive stream within 1 sec")
+		}
+	})
+}

beacon-chain/sync/service.go

@@ -102,6 +102,7 @@ type config struct {
 	clock                   *startup.Clock
 	stateNotifier           statefeed.Notifier
 	blobStorage             *filesystem.BlobStorage
+	dataColumnStorage       *filesystem.DataColumnStorage
 }
 
 // This defines the interface for interacting with block chain service

beacon-chain/sync/sync_test.go

@@ -15,10 +15,12 @@ func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
 
 	resetFlags := flags.Get()
 	flags.Init(&flags.GlobalFlags{
-		BlockBatchLimit:            64,
-		BlockBatchLimitBurstFactor: 10,
-		BlobBatchLimit:             32,
-		BlobBatchLimitBurstFactor:  2,
+		BlockBatchLimit:                 64,
+		BlockBatchLimitBurstFactor:      10,
+		BlobBatchLimit:                  32,
+		BlobBatchLimitBurstFactor:       2,
+		DataColumnBatchLimit:            4096,
+		DataColumnBatchLimitBurstFactor: 2,
 	})
 	defer func() {
 		flags.Init(resetFlags)

beacon-chain/verification/error.go

@@ -30,16 +30,16 @@ var (
 	ErrBlobIndexInvalid = errors.Join(ErrBlobInvalid, errors.New("incorrect blob sidecar index"))
 
 	// errFromFutureSlot means RequireSlotNotTooEarly failed.
-	errFromFutureSlot = errors.Join(ErrBlobInvalid, errors.New("slot is too far in the future"))
+	errFromFutureSlot = errors.New("slot is too far in the future")
 
 	// errSlotNotAfterFinalized means RequireSlotAboveFinalized failed.
-	errSlotNotAfterFinalized = errors.Join(ErrBlobInvalid, errors.New("slot <= finalized checkpoint"))
+	errSlotNotAfterFinalized = errors.New("slot <= finalized checkpoint")
 
 	// ErrInvalidProposerSignature means RequireValidProposerSignature failed.
 	ErrInvalidProposerSignature = errors.Join(ErrBlobInvalid, errors.New("proposer signature could not be verified"))
 
 	// errSidecarParentNotSeen means RequireSidecarParentSeen failed.
-	errSidecarParentNotSeen = errors.Join(ErrBlobInvalid, errors.New("parent root has not been seen"))
+	errSidecarParentNotSeen = errors.New("parent root has not been seen")
 
 	// errSidecarParentInvalid means RequireSidecarParentValid failed.
 	errSidecarParentInvalid = errors.Join(ErrBlobInvalid, errors.New("parent block is not valid"))

changelog/james-prysm_ssz-validator-block.md

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+### Added
+
+- New ssz-only flag for validator client to enable calling rest apis in SSZ, starting with get block endpoint.
+
+### Changed
+
+- when REST api is enabled the get Block api defaults to requesting and receiving SSZ instead of JSON, JSON is the fallback.

changelog/manu-peerdas-columns-by-range-handler.md

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+### Added 
+- Implement `dataColumnSidecarsByRangeRPCHandler`.

changelog/manu-peerdas-columns-by-root-handler.md

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+### Added 
+- Implement `dataColumnSidecarByRootRPCHandler`.

changelog/manu-peerdas-variou.md

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+### Changed 
+- In `TopicFromMessage`: Do not assume anymore that all Fulu specific topic are V3 only.
+- `readChunkedDataColumnSidecar`: Add `validationFunctions` parameter and add tests.
+
+### Added
+- New `StatusV2` proto message.
+
+### Removed
+- Unused `DataColumnIdentifier` proto message.

changelog/potuz_hdiff_diff_type.md

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+### Added
+
+- Add native state diff type and marshalling functions

changelog/tt_milk.md

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+### Removed
+
+- Remove deposit count from sync new block log

changelog/tt_steak.md

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+### Changed
+
+- Remove "invalid" from logs for incoming blob sidecar that is missing parent or out of range slot

cmd/beacon-chain/flags/base.go

@@ -212,6 +212,18 @@ var (
 		Usage: "The factor by which blob batch limit may increase on burst.",
 		Value: 3,
 	}
+	// DataColumnBatchLimit specifies the requested data column batch size.
+	DataColumnBatchLimit = &cli.IntFlag{
+		Name:  "data-column-batch-limit",
+		Usage: "The amount of data columns the local peer is bounded to request and respond to in a batch.",
+		Value: 4096,
+	}
+	// DataColumnBatchLimitBurstFactor specifies the factor by which data column batch size may increase.
+	DataColumnBatchLimitBurstFactor = &cli.IntFlag{
+		Name:  "data-column-batch-limit-burst-factor",
+		Usage: "The factor by which data column batch limit may increase on burst.",
+		Value: 2,
+	}
 	// DisableDebugRPCEndpoints disables the debug Beacon API namespace.
 	DisableDebugRPCEndpoints = &cli.BoolFlag{
 		Name:  "disable-debug-rpc-endpoints",

cmd/beacon-chain/flags/config.go

@@ -8,15 +8,17 @@ import (
 // GlobalFlags specifies all the global flags for the
 // beacon node.
 type GlobalFlags struct {
-	SubscribeToAllSubnets      bool
-	SubscribeAllDataSubnets    bool
-	MinimumSyncPeers           int
-	MinimumPeersPerSubnet      int
-	MaxConcurrentDials         int
-	BlockBatchLimit            int
-	BlockBatchLimitBurstFactor int
-	BlobBatchLimit             int
-	BlobBatchLimitBurstFactor  int
+	SubscribeToAllSubnets           bool
+	SubscribeAllDataSubnets         bool
+	MinimumSyncPeers                int
+	MinimumPeersPerSubnet           int
+	MaxConcurrentDials              int
+	BlockBatchLimit                 int
+	BlockBatchLimitBurstFactor      int
+	BlobBatchLimit                  int
+	BlobBatchLimitBurstFactor       int
+	DataColumnBatchLimit            int
+	DataColumnBatchLimitBurstFactor int
 }
 
 var globalConfig *GlobalFlags
@@ -53,8 +55,11 @@ func ConfigureGlobalFlags(ctx *cli.Context) {
 	cfg.BlockBatchLimitBurstFactor = ctx.Int(BlockBatchLimitBurstFactor.Name)
 	cfg.BlobBatchLimit = ctx.Int(BlobBatchLimit.Name)
 	cfg.BlobBatchLimitBurstFactor = ctx.Int(BlobBatchLimitBurstFactor.Name)
+	cfg.DataColumnBatchLimit = ctx.Int(DataColumnBatchLimit.Name)
+	cfg.DataColumnBatchLimitBurstFactor = ctx.Int(DataColumnBatchLimitBurstFactor.Name)
 	cfg.MinimumPeersPerSubnet = ctx.Int(MinPeersPerSubnet.Name)
 	cfg.MaxConcurrentDials = ctx.Int(MaxConcurrentDials.Name)
+
 	configureMinimumPeers(ctx, cfg)
 
 	Init(cfg)

cmd/beacon-chain/storage/options.go

@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ import (
 )
 
 var (
-	// BlobStoragePathFlag defines a flag to start the beacon chain from a give genesis state file.
 	BlobStoragePathFlag = &cli.PathFlag{
 		Name:  "blob-path",
 		Usage: "Location for blob storage. Default location will be a 'blobs' directory next to the beacon db.",
@@ -30,6 +29,10 @@ var (
 		Usage: layoutFlagUsage(),
 		Value: filesystem.LayoutNameFlat,
 	}
+	DataColumnStoragePathFlag = &cli.PathFlag{
+		Name:  "data-column-path",
+		Usage: "Location for data column storage. Default location will be a 'data-columns' directory next to the beacon db.",
+	}
 )
 
 func layoutOptions() string {
@@ -54,15 +57,23 @@ func validateLayoutFlag(_ *cli.Context, v string) error {
 // create a cancellable context. If we switch to using App.RunContext, we can set up this cancellation in the cmd
 // package instead, and allow the functional options to tap into context cancellation.
 func BeaconNodeOptions(c *cli.Context) ([]node.Option, error) {
-	e, err := blobRetentionEpoch(c)
+	blobRetentionEpoch, err := blobRetentionEpoch(c)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "blob retention epoch")
 	}
-	opts := []node.Option{node.WithBlobStorageOptions(
-		filesystem.WithBlobRetentionEpochs(e),
+
+	blobStorageOptions := node.WithBlobStorageOptions(
+		filesystem.WithBlobRetentionEpochs(blobRetentionEpoch),
 		filesystem.WithBasePath(blobStoragePath(c)),
 		filesystem.WithLayout(c.String(BlobStorageLayout.Name)), // This is validated in the Action func for BlobStorageLayout.
-	)}
+	)
+
+	dataColumnStorageOption := node.WithDataColumnStorageOptions(
+		filesystem.WithDataColumnRetentionEpochs(blobRetentionEpoch),
+		filesystem.WithDataColumnBasePath(dataColumnStoragePath(c)),
+	)
+
+	opts := []node.Option{blobStorageOptions, dataColumnStorageOption}
 	return opts, nil
 }
 
@@ -75,6 +86,16 @@ func blobStoragePath(c *cli.Context) string {
 	return blobsPath
 }
 
+func dataColumnStoragePath(c *cli.Context) string {
+	dataColumnsPath := c.Path(DataColumnStoragePathFlag.Name)
+	if dataColumnsPath == "" {
+		// append a "data-columns" subdir to the end of the data dir path
+		dataColumnsPath = path.Join(c.String(cmd.DataDirFlag.Name), "data-columns")
+	}
+
+	return dataColumnsPath
+}
+
 var errInvalidBlobRetentionEpochs = errors.New("value is smaller than spec minimum")
 
 // blobRetentionEpoch returns the spec default MIN_EPOCHS_FOR_BLOB_SIDECARS_REQUEST

config/features/config.go

@@ -52,6 +52,8 @@ type Flags struct {
 	EnableExperimentalAttestationPool   bool // EnableExperimentalAttestationPool enables an experimental attestation pool design.
 	EnableDutiesV2                      bool // EnableDutiesV2 sets validator client to use the get Duties V2 endpoint
 	EnableWeb                           bool // EnableWeb enables the webui on the validator client
+	SSZOnly                             bool // SSZOnly forces the validator client to use SSZ for communication with the beacon node when REST mode is enabled (useful for debugging)
+	EnableStateDiff                     bool // EnableStateDiff enables the experimental state diff feature for the beacon node.
 	// Logging related toggles.
 	DisableGRPCConnectionLogs bool // Disables logging when a new grpc client has connected.
 	EnableFullSSZDataLogging  bool // Enables logging for full ssz data on rejected gossip messages
@@ -276,6 +278,10 @@ func ConfigureBeaconChain(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 		logEnabled(enableExperimentalAttestationPool)
 		cfg.EnableExperimentalAttestationPool = true
 	}
+	if ctx.IsSet(enableStateDiff.Name) {
+		logEnabled(enableStateDiff)
+		cfg.EnableStateDiff = true
+	}
 	if ctx.IsSet(forceHeadFlag.Name) {
 		logEnabled(forceHeadFlag)
 		cfg.ForceHead = ctx.String(forceHeadFlag.Name)
@@ -344,6 +350,11 @@ func ConfigureValidator(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 		logEnabled(EnableWebFlag)
 		cfg.EnableWeb = true
 	}
+	if ctx.Bool(SSZOnly.Name) {
+		logEnabled(SSZOnly)
+		cfg.SSZOnly = true
+	}
+
 	cfg.KeystoreImportDebounceInterval = ctx.Duration(dynamicKeyReloadDebounceInterval.Name)
 	Init(cfg)
 	return nil

config/features/flags.go

@@ -176,6 +176,10 @@ var (
 		Name:  "enable-experimental-attestation-pool",
 		Usage: "Enables an experimental attestation pool design.",
 	}
+	enableStateDiff = &cli.BoolFlag{
+		Name:  "enable-state-diff",
+		Usage: "Enables the experimental state diff feature.",
+	}
 	// forceHeadFlag is a flag to force the head of the beacon chain to a specific block.
 	forceHeadFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
 		Name: "sync-from",
@@ -201,6 +205,12 @@ var (
 		Usage: "(Work in progress): Enables the web portal for the validator client.",
 		Value: false,
 	}
+
+	// SSZOnly forces the validator client to use SSZ for communication with the beacon node when REST mode is enabled
+	SSZOnly = &cli.BoolFlag{
+		Name:  "ssz-only",
+		Usage: "(debug): Forces the validator client to use SSZ for communication with the beacon node when REST mode is enabled",
+	}
 )
 
 // devModeFlags holds list of flags that are set when development mode is on.
@@ -223,6 +233,7 @@ var ValidatorFlags = append(deprecatedFlags, []cli.Flag{
 	EnableBeaconRESTApi,
 	EnableDutiesV2,
 	EnableWebFlag,
+	SSZOnly,
 }...)
 
 // E2EValidatorFlags contains a list of the validator feature flags to be tested in E2E.
@@ -260,6 +271,7 @@ var BeaconChainFlags = combinedFlags([]cli.Flag{
 	DisableQUIC,
 	EnableDiscoveryReboot,
 	enableExperimentalAttestationPool,
+	enableStateDiff,
 	forceHeadFlag,
 	blacklistRoots,
 }, deprecatedBeaconFlags, deprecatedFlags, upcomingDeprecation)

config/params/BUILD.bazel

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ go_library(
         "mainnet_config.go",
         "minimal_config.go",
         "network_config.go",
+        "state_diff_config.go",
         "testnet_e2e_config.go",
         "testnet_holesky_config.go",
         "testnet_hoodi_config.go",

config/params/state_diff_config.go

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+package params
+
+var (
+	stateHierarchyExponents = []uint64{21, 18, 16, 13, 11, 9, 5}
+)
+
+func StateHierarchyExponents() []uint64 {
+	return stateHierarchyExponents
+}

consensus-types/blocks/execution.go

@@ -40,6 +40,12 @@ func NewWrappedExecutionData(v proto.Message) (interfaces.ExecutionData, error)
 	case *enginev1.ExecutionBundleElectra:
 		// note: no payload changes in electra so using deneb
 		return WrappedExecutionPayloadDeneb(pbStruct.Payload)
+	case *enginev1.ExecutionPayloadHeader:
+		return WrappedExecutionPayloadHeader(pbStruct)
+	case *enginev1.ExecutionPayloadHeaderCapella:
+		return WrappedExecutionPayloadHeaderCapella(pbStruct)
+	case *enginev1.ExecutionPayloadHeaderDeneb:
+		return WrappedExecutionPayloadHeaderDeneb(pbStruct)
 	default:
 		return nil, ErrUnsupportedVersion
 	}

consensus-types/hdiff/BUILD.bazel

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+load("@prysm//tools/go:def.bzl", "go_library", "go_test")
+
+go_library(
+    name = "go_default_library",
+    srcs = ["state_diff.go"],
+    importpath = "github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/consensus-types/hdiff",
+    visibility = ["//visibility:public"],
+    deps = [
+        "//beacon-chain/core/altair:go_default_library",
+        "//beacon-chain/core/capella:go_default_library",
+        "//beacon-chain/core/deneb:go_default_library",
+        "//beacon-chain/core/electra:go_default_library",
+        "//beacon-chain/core/execution:go_default_library",
+        "//beacon-chain/state:go_default_library",
+        "//config/fieldparams:go_default_library",
+        "//consensus-types/blocks:go_default_library",
+        "//consensus-types/helpers:go_default_library",
+        "//consensus-types/interfaces:go_default_library",
+        "//consensus-types/primitives:go_default_library",
+        "//proto/engine/v1:go_default_library",
+        "//proto/prysm/v1alpha1:go_default_library",
+        "//runtime/version:go_default_library",
+        "@com_github_golang_snappy//:go_default_library",
+        "@com_github_pkg_errors//:go_default_library",
+        "@com_github_prysmaticlabs_fastssz//:go_default_library",
+        "@com_github_prysmaticlabs_go_bitfield//:go_default_library",
+        "@com_github_sirupsen_logrus//:go_default_library",
+        "@org_golang_google_protobuf//proto:go_default_library",
+    ],
+)
+
+go_test(
+    name = "go_default_test",
+    srcs = [
+        "fuzz_test.go",
+        "property_test.go",
+        "security_test.go",
+        "state_diff_test.go",
+    ],
+    embed = [":go_default_library"],
+    deps = [
+        "//beacon-chain/core/transition:go_default_library",
+        "//beacon-chain/state:go_default_library",
+        "//beacon-chain/state/state-native:go_default_library",
+        "//consensus-types/blocks:go_default_library",
+        "//consensus-types/primitives:go_default_library",
+        "//proto/prysm/v1alpha1:go_default_library",
+        "//testing/require:go_default_library",
+        "//testing/util:go_default_library",
+        "@com_github_golang_snappy//:go_default_library",
+        "@com_github_pkg_errors//:go_default_library",
+    ],
+)

consensus-types/hdiff/fuzz_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,491 @@
+package hdiff
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	ethpb "github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/proto/prysm/v1alpha1"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/testing/util"
+)
+
+// FuzzNewHdiff tests parsing variations of realistic diffs
+func FuzzNewHdiff(f *testing.F) {
+	// Add seed corpus with various valid diffs from realistic scenarios
+	sizes := []uint64{8, 16, 32}
+	for _, size := range sizes {
+		source, _ := util.DeterministicGenesisStateElectra(f, size)
+		
+		// Create various realistic target states
+		scenarios := []string{"slot_change", "balance_change", "validator_change", "multiple_changes"}
+		for _, scenario := range scenarios {
+			target := source.Copy()
+			
+			switch scenario {
+			case "slot_change":
+				_ = target.SetSlot(source.Slot() + 1)
+			case "balance_change":
+				balances := target.Balances()
+				if len(balances) > 0 {
+					balances[0] += 1000000000
+					_ = target.SetBalances(balances)
+				}
+			case "validator_change":
+				validators := target.Validators()
+				if len(validators) > 0 {
+					validators[0].EffectiveBalance += 1000000000
+					_ = target.SetValidators(validators)
+				}
+			case "multiple_changes":
+				_ = target.SetSlot(source.Slot() + 5)
+				balances := target.Balances()
+				validators := target.Validators()
+				if len(balances) > 0 && len(validators) > 0 {
+					balances[0] += 2000000000
+					validators[0].EffectiveBalance += 1000000000
+					_ = target.SetBalances(balances)
+					_ = target.SetValidators(validators)
+				}
+			}
+			
+			validDiff, err := Diff(source, target)
+			if err == nil {
+				f.Add(validDiff.StateDiff, validDiff.ValidatorDiffs, validDiff.BalancesDiff)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	
+	f.Fuzz(func(t *testing.T, stateDiff, validatorDiffs, balancesDiff []byte) {
+		// Limit input sizes to reasonable bounds
+		if len(stateDiff) > 5000 || len(validatorDiffs) > 5000 || len(balancesDiff) > 5000 {
+			return
+		}
+		
+		input := HdiffBytes{
+			StateDiff:      stateDiff,
+			ValidatorDiffs: validatorDiffs,
+			BalancesDiff:   balancesDiff,
+		}
+		
+		// Test parsing - should not panic even with corrupted but bounded data
+		_, err := newHdiff(input)
+		_ = err // Expected to fail with corrupted data
+	})
+}
+
+// FuzzNewStateDiff tests the newStateDiff function with random compressed input
+func FuzzNewStateDiff(f *testing.F) {
+	// Add seed corpus
+	source, _ := util.DeterministicGenesisStateElectra(f, 16)
+	target := source.Copy()
+	_ = target.SetSlot(source.Slot() + 5)
+	
+	diff, err := diffToState(source, target)
+	if err == nil {
+		serialized := diff.serialize()
+		f.Add(serialized)
+	}
+	
+	// Add edge cases
+	f.Add([]byte{})
+	f.Add([]byte{0x01})
+	f.Add([]byte{0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07})
+	
+	f.Fuzz(func(t *testing.T, data []byte) {
+		defer func() {
+			if r := recover(); r != nil {
+				t.Errorf("newStateDiff panicked: %v", r)
+			}
+		}()
+		
+		// Should never panic, only return error
+		_, err := newStateDiff(data)
+		_ = err
+	})
+}
+
+// FuzzNewValidatorDiffs tests validator diff deserialization
+func FuzzNewValidatorDiffs(f *testing.F) {
+	// Add seed corpus
+	source, _ := util.DeterministicGenesisStateElectra(f, 8)
+	target := source.Copy()
+	vals := target.Validators()
+	if len(vals) > 0 {
+		modifiedVal := &ethpb.Validator{
+			PublicKey:                  vals[0].PublicKey,
+			WithdrawalCredentials:      vals[0].WithdrawalCredentials,
+			EffectiveBalance:           vals[0].EffectiveBalance + 1000,
+			Slashed:                    !vals[0].Slashed,
+			ActivationEligibilityEpoch: vals[0].ActivationEligibilityEpoch,
+			ActivationEpoch:            vals[0].ActivationEpoch,
+			ExitEpoch:                  vals[0].ExitEpoch,
+			WithdrawableEpoch:          vals[0].WithdrawableEpoch,
+		}
+		vals[0] = modifiedVal
+		_ = target.SetValidators(vals)
+		
+		// Create a simple diff for fuzzing - we'll just use raw bytes
+		_, err := diffToVals(source, target)
+		if err == nil {
+			// Add some realistic validator diff bytes for the corpus
+			f.Add([]byte{1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}) // Simple validator diff
+		}
+	}
+	
+	// Add edge cases
+	f.Add([]byte{})
+	f.Add([]byte{0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04})
+	
+	f.Fuzz(func(t *testing.T, data []byte) {
+		defer func() {
+			if r := recover(); r != nil {
+				t.Errorf("newValidatorDiffs panicked: %v", r)
+			}
+		}()
+		
+		_, err := newValidatorDiffs(data)
+		_ = err
+	})
+}
+
+// FuzzNewBalancesDiff tests balance diff deserialization
+func FuzzNewBalancesDiff(f *testing.F) {
+	// Add seed corpus
+	source, _ := util.DeterministicGenesisStateElectra(f, 8)
+	target := source.Copy()
+	balances := target.Balances()
+	if len(balances) > 0 {
+		balances[0] += 1000
+		_ = target.SetBalances(balances)
+		
+		// Create a simple diff for fuzzing - we'll just use raw bytes
+		_, err := diffToBalances(source, target)
+		if err == nil {
+			// Add some realistic balance diff bytes for the corpus
+			f.Add([]byte{1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}) // Simple balance diff
+		}
+	}
+	
+	// Add edge cases
+	f.Add([]byte{})
+	f.Add([]byte{0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07, 0x08})
+	
+	f.Fuzz(func(t *testing.T, data []byte) {
+		defer func() {
+			if r := recover(); r != nil {
+				t.Errorf("newBalancesDiff panicked: %v", r)
+			}
+		}()
+		
+		_, err := newBalancesDiff(data)
+		_ = err
+	})
+}
+
+// FuzzApplyDiff tests applying variations of valid diffs
+func FuzzApplyDiff(f *testing.F) {
+	// Test with realistic state variations, not random data
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	
+	// Add seed corpus with various valid scenarios
+	sizes := []uint64{8, 16, 32, 64}
+	for _, size := range sizes {
+		source, _ := util.DeterministicGenesisStateElectra(f, size)
+		target := source.Copy()
+		
+		// Different types of realistic changes
+		scenarios := []func(){
+			func() { _ = target.SetSlot(source.Slot() + 1) }, // Slot change
+			func() { // Balance change
+				balances := target.Balances()
+				if len(balances) > 0 {
+					balances[0] += 1000000000 // 1 ETH
+					_ = target.SetBalances(balances)
+				}
+			},
+			func() { // Validator change
+				validators := target.Validators()
+				if len(validators) > 0 {
+					validators[0].EffectiveBalance += 1000000000
+					_ = target.SetValidators(validators)
+				}
+			},
+		}
+		
+		for _, scenario := range scenarios {
+			testTarget := source.Copy()
+			scenario()
+			
+			validDiff, err := Diff(source, testTarget)
+			if err == nil {
+				f.Add(validDiff.StateDiff, validDiff.ValidatorDiffs, validDiff.BalancesDiff)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	
+	f.Fuzz(func(t *testing.T, stateDiff, validatorDiffs, balancesDiff []byte) {
+		// Only test with reasonable sized inputs
+		if len(stateDiff) > 10000 || len(validatorDiffs) > 10000 || len(balancesDiff) > 10000 {
+			return
+		}
+		
+		// Create fresh source state for each test
+		source, _ := util.DeterministicGenesisStateElectra(t, 8)
+		
+		diff := HdiffBytes{
+			StateDiff:      stateDiff,
+			ValidatorDiffs: validatorDiffs,
+			BalancesDiff:   balancesDiff,
+		}
+		
+		// Apply diff - errors are expected for fuzzed data
+		_, err := ApplyDiff(ctx, source, diff)
+		_ = err // Expected to fail with invalid data
+	})
+}
+
+// FuzzReadPendingAttestation tests the pending attestation deserialization
+func FuzzReadPendingAttestation(f *testing.F) {
+	// Add edge cases - this function is particularly vulnerable
+	f.Add([]byte{})
+	f.Add([]byte{0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07, 0x08}) // 8 bytes
+	f.Add(make([]byte, 200)) // Larger than expected
+	
+	// Add a case with large reported length
+	largeLength := make([]byte, 8)
+	binary.LittleEndian.PutUint64(largeLength, 0xFFFFFFFF) // Large bits length
+	f.Add(largeLength)
+	
+	f.Fuzz(func(t *testing.T, data []byte) {
+		defer func() {
+			if r := recover(); r != nil {
+				t.Errorf("readPendingAttestation panicked: %v", r)
+			}
+		}()
+		
+		// Make a copy since the function modifies the slice
+		dataCopy := make([]byte, len(data))
+		copy(dataCopy, data)
+		
+		_, err := readPendingAttestation(&dataCopy)
+		_ = err
+	})
+}
+
+// FuzzKmpIndex tests the KMP algorithm implementation
+func FuzzKmpIndex(f *testing.F) {
+	// Test with integer pointers to match the actual usage
+	f.Add(0, "1,2,3", "1,2,3,4,5")
+	f.Add(3, "1,2,3", "1,2,3,1,2,3")
+	f.Add(0, "", "1,2,3")
+	
+	f.Fuzz(func(t *testing.T, lens int, patternStr string, textStr string) {
+		defer func() {
+			if r := recover(); r != nil {
+				t.Errorf("kmpIndex panicked: %v", r)
+			}
+		}()
+		
+		// Parse comma-separated strings into int slices
+		var pattern, text []int
+		if patternStr != "" {
+			for _, s := range strings.Split(patternStr, ",") {
+				if val, err := strconv.Atoi(strings.TrimSpace(s)); err == nil {
+					pattern = append(pattern, val)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		if textStr != "" {
+			for _, s := range strings.Split(textStr, ",") {
+				if val, err := strconv.Atoi(strings.TrimSpace(s)); err == nil {
+					text = append(text, val)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		
+		// Convert to pointer slices as used in actual code
+		patternPtrs := make([]*int, len(pattern))
+		for i := range pattern {
+			val := pattern[i]
+			patternPtrs[i] = &val
+		}
+		
+		textPtrs := make([]*int, len(text))
+		for i := range text {
+			val := text[i]
+			textPtrs[i] = &val
+		}
+		
+		integerEquals := func(a, b *int) bool {
+			if a == nil && b == nil {
+				return true
+			}
+			if a == nil || b == nil {
+				return false
+			}
+			return *a == *b
+		}
+		
+		// Clamp lens to reasonable range to avoid infinite loops
+		if lens < 0 {
+			lens = 0
+		}
+		if lens > len(textPtrs) {
+			lens = len(textPtrs)
+		}
+		
+		result := kmpIndex(lens, textPtrs, integerEquals)
+		
+		// Basic sanity check
+		if result < 0 || result > lens {
+			t.Errorf("kmpIndex returned invalid result: %d for lens=%d", result, lens)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// FuzzComputeLPS tests the LPS computation for KMP
+func FuzzComputeLPS(f *testing.F) {
+	// Add seed cases
+	f.Add("1,2,1")
+	f.Add("1,1,1")
+	f.Add("1,2,3,4")
+	f.Add("")
+	
+	f.Fuzz(func(t *testing.T, patternStr string) {
+		defer func() {
+			if r := recover(); r != nil {
+				t.Errorf("computeLPS panicked: %v", r)
+			}
+		}()
+		
+		// Parse comma-separated string into int slice
+		var pattern []int
+		if patternStr != "" {
+			for _, s := range strings.Split(patternStr, ",") {
+				if val, err := strconv.Atoi(strings.TrimSpace(s)); err == nil {
+					pattern = append(pattern, val)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		
+		// Convert to pointer slice
+		patternPtrs := make([]*int, len(pattern))
+		for i := range pattern {
+			val := pattern[i]
+			patternPtrs[i] = &val
+		}
+		
+		integerEquals := func(a, b *int) bool {
+			if a == nil && b == nil {
+				return true
+			}
+			if a == nil || b == nil {
+				return false
+			}
+			return *a == *b
+		}
+		
+		result := computeLPS(patternPtrs, integerEquals)
+		
+		// Verify result length matches input
+		if len(result) != len(pattern) {
+			t.Errorf("computeLPS returned wrong length: got %d, expected %d", len(result), len(pattern))
+		}
+		
+		// Verify all LPS values are non-negative and within bounds
+		for i, lps := range result {
+			if lps < 0 || lps > i {
+				t.Errorf("Invalid LPS value at index %d: %d", i, lps)
+			}
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// FuzzDiffToBalances tests balance diff computation
+func FuzzDiffToBalances(f *testing.F) {
+	f.Fuzz(func(t *testing.T, sourceData, targetData []byte) {
+		defer func() {
+			if r := recover(); r != nil {
+				t.Errorf("diffToBalances panicked: %v", r)
+			}
+		}()
+		
+		// Convert byte data to balance arrays
+		var sourceBalances, targetBalances []uint64
+		
+		// Parse source balances (8 bytes per uint64)
+		for i := 0; i+7 < len(sourceData) && len(sourceBalances) < 100; i += 8 {
+			balance := binary.LittleEndian.Uint64(sourceData[i : i+8])
+			sourceBalances = append(sourceBalances, balance)
+		}
+		
+		// Parse target balances
+		for i := 0; i+7 < len(targetData) && len(targetBalances) < 100; i += 8 {
+			balance := binary.LittleEndian.Uint64(targetData[i : i+8])
+			targetBalances = append(targetBalances, balance)
+		}
+		
+		// Create states with the provided balances
+		source, _ := util.DeterministicGenesisStateElectra(t, 1)
+		target, _ := util.DeterministicGenesisStateElectra(t, 1)
+		
+		if len(sourceBalances) > 0 {
+			_ = source.SetBalances(sourceBalances)
+		}
+		if len(targetBalances) > 0 {
+			_ = target.SetBalances(targetBalances)
+		}
+		
+		result, err := diffToBalances(source, target)
+		
+		// If no error, verify result consistency
+		if err == nil && len(result) > 0 {
+			// Result length should match target length
+			if len(result) != len(target.Balances()) {
+				t.Errorf("diffToBalances result length mismatch: got %d, expected %d", 
+					len(result), len(target.Balances()))
+			}
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// FuzzValidatorsEqual tests validator comparison
+func FuzzValidatorsEqual(f *testing.F) {
+	f.Fuzz(func(t *testing.T, data []byte) {
+		defer func() {
+			if r := recover(); r != nil {
+				t.Errorf("validatorsEqual panicked: %v", r)
+			}
+		}()
+		
+		// Create two validators and fuzz their fields
+		if len(data) < 16 {
+			return
+		}
+		
+		source, _ := util.DeterministicGenesisStateElectra(t, 2)
+		validators := source.Validators()
+		if len(validators) < 2 {
+			return
+		}
+		
+		val1 := validators[0]
+		val2 := validators[1]
+		
+		// Modify validator fields based on fuzz data
+		if len(data) > 0 && data[0]%2 == 0 {
+			val2.EffectiveBalance = val1.EffectiveBalance + uint64(data[0])
+		}
+		if len(data) > 1 && data[1]%2 == 0 {
+			val2.Slashed = !val1.Slashed
+		}
+		
+		// Create ReadOnlyValidator wrappers if needed
+		// Since validatorsEqual expects ReadOnlyValidator interface,
+		// we'll skip this test for now as it requires state wrapper implementation
+		_ = val1
+		_ = val2
+	})
+}

consensus-types/hdiff/property_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,391 @@
+package hdiff
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"math"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/consensus-types/primitives"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/testing/require"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/testing/util"
+)
+
+// PropertyTestRoundTrip verifies that diff->apply is idempotent with realistic data
+func FuzzPropertyRoundTrip(f *testing.F) {
+	f.Fuzz(func(t *testing.T, slotDelta uint64, balanceData []byte, validatorData []byte) {
+		// Limit to realistic ranges
+		if slotDelta > 32 { // Max one epoch
+			slotDelta = slotDelta % 32
+		}
+		
+		// Convert byte data to realistic deltas and changes
+		var balanceDeltas []int64
+		var validatorChanges []bool
+		
+		// Parse balance deltas - limit to realistic amounts (8 bytes per int64)
+		for i := 0; i+7 < len(balanceData) && len(balanceDeltas) < 20; i += 8 {
+			delta := int64(binary.LittleEndian.Uint64(balanceData[i : i+8]))
+			// Keep deltas realistic (max 10 ETH change)
+			if delta > 10000000000 {
+				delta = delta % 10000000000
+			}
+			if delta < -10000000000 {
+				delta = -((-delta) % 10000000000)
+			}
+			balanceDeltas = append(balanceDeltas, delta)
+		}
+		
+		// Parse validator changes (1 byte per bool) - limit to small number
+		for i := 0; i < len(validatorData) && len(validatorChanges) < 10; i++ {
+			validatorChanges = append(validatorChanges, validatorData[i]%2 == 0)
+		}
+		
+		ctx := context.Background()
+		
+		// Create source state with reasonable size
+		validatorCount := uint64(len(validatorChanges) + 8) // Minimum 8 validators
+		if validatorCount > 64 {
+			validatorCount = 64 // Cap at 64 for performance
+		}
+		source, _ := util.DeterministicGenesisStateElectra(t, validatorCount)
+		
+		// Create target state with modifications
+		target := source.Copy()
+		
+		// Apply slot change
+		_ = target.SetSlot(source.Slot() + primitives.Slot(slotDelta))
+		
+		// Apply realistic balance changes
+		if len(balanceDeltas) > 0 {
+			balances := target.Balances()
+			for i, delta := range balanceDeltas {
+				if i >= len(balances) {
+					break
+				}
+				// Apply realistic balance changes with safe bounds
+				if delta < 0 {
+					if uint64(-delta) > balances[i] {
+						balances[i] = 0 // Can't go below 0
+					} else {
+						balances[i] -= uint64(-delta)
+					}
+				} else {
+					// Cap at reasonable maximum (1000 ETH)
+					maxBalance := uint64(1000000000000) // 1000 ETH in Gwei
+					if balances[i]+uint64(delta) > maxBalance {
+						balances[i] = maxBalance
+					} else {
+						balances[i] += uint64(delta)
+					}
+				}
+			}
+			_ = target.SetBalances(balances)
+		}
+		
+		// Apply realistic validator changes
+		if len(validatorChanges) > 0 {
+			validators := target.Validators()
+			for i, shouldChange := range validatorChanges {
+				if i >= len(validators) {
+					break
+				}
+				if shouldChange {
+					// Make realistic changes - small effective balance adjustments
+					validators[i].EffectiveBalance += 1000000000 // 1 ETH
+				}
+			}
+			_ = target.SetValidators(validators)
+		}
+		
+		// Create diff
+		diff, err := Diff(source, target)
+		if err != nil {
+			// If diff creation fails, that's acceptable for malformed inputs
+			return
+		}
+		
+		// Apply diff
+		result, err := ApplyDiff(ctx, source, diff)
+		if err != nil {
+			// If diff application fails, that's acceptable
+			return
+		}
+		
+		// Verify round-trip property: source + diff = target
+		require.Equal(t, target.Slot(), result.Slot())
+		
+		// Verify balance consistency
+		targetBalances := target.Balances()
+		resultBalances := result.Balances()
+		require.Equal(t, len(targetBalances), len(resultBalances))
+		for i := range targetBalances {
+			require.Equal(t, targetBalances[i], resultBalances[i], "Balance mismatch at index %d", i)
+		}
+		
+		// Verify validator consistency
+		targetVals := target.Validators()
+		resultVals := result.Validators()
+		require.Equal(t, len(targetVals), len(resultVals))
+		for i := range targetVals {
+			require.Equal(t, targetVals[i].Slashed, resultVals[i].Slashed, "Validator slashing mismatch at index %d", i)
+			require.Equal(t, targetVals[i].EffectiveBalance, resultVals[i].EffectiveBalance, "Validator balance mismatch at index %d", i)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// PropertyTestReasonablePerformance verifies operations complete quickly with realistic data
+func FuzzPropertyResourceBounds(f *testing.F) {
+	f.Fuzz(func(t *testing.T, validatorCount uint8, slotDelta uint8, changeCount uint8) {
+		// Use realistic parameters
+		validators := uint64(validatorCount%64 + 8) // 8-71 validators
+		slots := uint64(slotDelta % 32)              // 0-31 slots
+		changes := int(changeCount % 10)            // 0-9 changes
+		
+		// Create realistic states
+		source, _ := util.DeterministicGenesisStateElectra(t, validators)
+		target := source.Copy()
+		
+		// Apply realistic changes
+		_ = target.SetSlot(source.Slot() + primitives.Slot(slots))
+		
+		if changes > 0 {
+			validatorList := target.Validators()
+			for i := 0; i < changes && i < len(validatorList); i++ {
+				validatorList[i].EffectiveBalance += 1000000000 // 1 ETH
+			}
+			_ = target.SetValidators(validatorList)
+		}
+		
+		// Operations should complete quickly
+		start := time.Now()
+		diff, err := Diff(source, target)
+		duration := time.Since(start)
+		
+		if err == nil {
+			// Should be fast
+			require.Equal(t, true, duration < time.Second, "Diff creation too slow: %v", duration)
+			
+			// Apply should also be fast
+			start = time.Now()
+			_, err = ApplyDiff(context.Background(), source, diff)
+			duration = time.Since(start)
+			
+			if err == nil {
+				require.Equal(t, true, duration < time.Second, "Diff application too slow: %v", duration)
+			}
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// PropertyTestDiffSize verifies that diffs are smaller than full states for typical cases
+func FuzzPropertyDiffEfficiency(f *testing.F) {
+	f.Fuzz(func(t *testing.T, slotDelta uint64, numChanges uint8) {
+		if slotDelta > 100 {
+			slotDelta = slotDelta % 100
+		}
+		if numChanges > 10 {
+			numChanges = numChanges % 10
+		}
+		
+		// Create states with small differences
+		source, _ := util.DeterministicGenesisStateElectra(t, 64)
+		target := source.Copy()
+		
+		_ = target.SetSlot(source.Slot() + primitives.Slot(slotDelta))
+		
+		// Make a few small changes
+		if numChanges > 0 {
+			validators := target.Validators()
+			for i := uint8(0); i < numChanges && int(i) < len(validators); i++ {
+				validators[i].EffectiveBalance += 1000
+			}
+			_ = target.SetValidators(validators)
+		}
+		
+		// Create diff
+		diff, err := Diff(source, target)
+		if err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		
+		// For small changes, diff should be much smaller than full state
+		sourceSSZ, err := source.MarshalSSZ()
+		if err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		
+		diffSize := len(diff.StateDiff) + len(diff.ValidatorDiffs) + len(diff.BalancesDiff)
+		
+		// Diff should be smaller than full state for small changes
+		if numChanges <= 5 && slotDelta <= 10 {
+			require.Equal(t, true, diffSize < len(sourceSSZ)/2, 
+				"Diff size %d should be less than half of state size %d", diffSize, len(sourceSSZ))
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// PropertyTestBalanceConservation verifies that balance operations don't create/destroy value unexpectedly
+func FuzzPropertyBalanceConservation(f *testing.F) {
+	f.Fuzz(func(t *testing.T, balanceData []byte) {
+		// Convert byte data to balance changes
+		var balanceChanges []int64
+		for i := 0; i+7 < len(balanceData) && len(balanceChanges) < 50; i += 8 {
+			change := int64(binary.LittleEndian.Uint64(balanceData[i : i+8]))
+			balanceChanges = append(balanceChanges, change)
+		}
+		
+		source, _ := util.DeterministicGenesisStateElectra(t, uint64(len(balanceChanges)+10))
+		originalBalances := source.Balances()
+		
+		// Calculate total before
+		var totalBefore uint64
+		for _, balance := range originalBalances {
+			totalBefore += balance
+		}
+		
+		// Apply balance changes via diff system
+		target := source.Copy()
+		targetBalances := target.Balances()
+		
+		var totalDelta int64
+		for i, delta := range balanceChanges {
+			if i >= len(targetBalances) {
+				break
+			}
+			
+			// Prevent underflow
+			if delta < 0 && uint64(-delta) > targetBalances[i] {
+				totalDelta += int64(targetBalances[i]) // Lost amount
+				targetBalances[i] = 0
+			} else if delta < 0 {
+				targetBalances[i] -= uint64(-delta)
+				totalDelta += delta
+			} else {
+				// Prevent overflow
+				if uint64(delta) > math.MaxUint64-targetBalances[i] {
+					gained := math.MaxUint64 - targetBalances[i]
+					totalDelta += int64(gained)
+					targetBalances[i] = math.MaxUint64
+				} else {
+					targetBalances[i] += uint64(delta)
+					totalDelta += delta
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		_ = target.SetBalances(targetBalances)
+		
+		// Apply through diff system
+		diff, err := Diff(source, target)
+		if err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		
+		result, err := ApplyDiff(context.Background(), source, diff)
+		if err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		
+		// Calculate total after
+		resultBalances := result.Balances()
+		var totalAfter uint64
+		for _, balance := range resultBalances {
+			totalAfter += balance
+		}
+		
+		// Verify conservation (accounting for intended changes)
+		expectedTotal := totalBefore
+		if totalDelta >= 0 {
+			expectedTotal += uint64(totalDelta)
+		} else {
+			if uint64(-totalDelta) <= expectedTotal {
+				expectedTotal -= uint64(-totalDelta)
+			} else {
+				expectedTotal = 0
+			}
+		}
+		
+		require.Equal(t, expectedTotal, totalAfter, 
+			"Balance conservation violated: before=%d, delta=%d, expected=%d, actual=%d", 
+			totalBefore, totalDelta, expectedTotal, totalAfter)
+	})
+}
+
+// PropertyTestMonotonicSlot verifies slot only increases
+func FuzzPropertyMonotonicSlot(f *testing.F) {
+	f.Fuzz(func(t *testing.T, slotDelta uint64) {
+		source, _ := util.DeterministicGenesisStateElectra(t, 16)
+		target := source.Copy()
+		
+		targetSlot := source.Slot() + primitives.Slot(slotDelta)
+		_ = target.SetSlot(targetSlot)
+		
+		diff, err := Diff(source, target)
+		if err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		
+		result, err := ApplyDiff(context.Background(), source, diff)
+		if err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		
+		// Slot should never decrease
+		require.Equal(t, true, result.Slot() >= source.Slot(), 
+			"Slot decreased from %d to %d", source.Slot(), result.Slot())
+		
+		// Slot should match target
+		require.Equal(t, targetSlot, result.Slot())
+	})
+}
+
+// PropertyTestValidatorIndexIntegrity verifies validator indices remain consistent
+func FuzzPropertyValidatorIndices(f *testing.F) {
+	f.Fuzz(func(t *testing.T, changeData []byte) {
+		// Convert byte data to boolean changes
+		var changes []bool
+		for i := 0; i < len(changeData) && len(changes) < 20; i++ {
+			changes = append(changes, changeData[i]%2 == 0)
+		}
+		
+		source, _ := util.DeterministicGenesisStateElectra(t, uint64(len(changes)+5))
+		target := source.Copy()
+		
+		// Apply changes
+		validators := target.Validators()
+		for i, shouldChange := range changes {
+			if i >= len(validators) {
+				break
+			}
+			if shouldChange {
+				validators[i].EffectiveBalance += 1000
+			}
+		}
+		_ = target.SetValidators(validators)
+		
+		diff, err := Diff(source, target)
+		if err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		
+		result, err := ApplyDiff(context.Background(), source, diff)
+		if err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		
+		// Validator count should not decrease
+		require.Equal(t, true, len(result.Validators()) >= len(source.Validators()),
+			"Validator count decreased from %d to %d", len(source.Validators()), len(result.Validators()))
+		
+		// Public keys should be preserved for existing validators
+		sourceVals := source.Validators()
+		resultVals := result.Validators()
+		for i := range sourceVals {
+			if i < len(resultVals) {
+				require.Equal(t, sourceVals[i].PublicKey, resultVals[i].PublicKey,
+					"Public key changed at validator index %d", i)
+			}
+		}
+	})
+}

consensus-types/hdiff/security_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,393 @@
+package hdiff
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/testing/require"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/testing/util"
+)
+
+// TestIntegerOverflowProtection tests protection against balance overflow attacks
+func TestIntegerOverflowProtection(t *testing.T) {
+	source, _ := util.DeterministicGenesisStateElectra(t, 8)
+	
+	// Test balance overflow in diffToBalances - use realistic values
+	t.Run("balance_diff_overflow", func(t *testing.T) {
+		target := source.Copy()
+		balances := target.Balances()
+		
+		// Set high but realistic balance values (32 ETH in Gwei = 32e9)
+		balances[0] = 32000000000 // 32 ETH
+		balances[1] = 64000000000 // 64 ETH
+		_ = target.SetBalances(balances)
+		
+		// This should work fine with realistic values
+		diffs, err := diffToBalances(source, target)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		
+		// Verify the diffs are reasonable
+		require.Equal(t, true, len(diffs) > 0, "Should have balance diffs")
+	})
+	
+	// Test reasonable balance changes
+	t.Run("realistic_balance_changes", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Create realistic balance changes (slashing, rewards)
+		balancesDiff := []int64{1000000000, -500000000, 2000000000} // 1 ETH gain, 0.5 ETH loss, 2 ETH gain
+		
+		// Apply to state with normal balances
+		testSource := source.Copy()
+		normalBalances := []uint64{32000000000, 32000000000, 32000000000} // 32 ETH each
+		_ = testSource.SetBalances(normalBalances)
+		
+		// This should work fine
+		result, err := applyBalancesDiff(testSource, balancesDiff)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		
+		resultBalances := result.Balances()
+		require.Equal(t, uint64(33000000000), resultBalances[0]) // 33 ETH
+		require.Equal(t, uint64(31500000000), resultBalances[1]) // 31.5 ETH
+		require.Equal(t, uint64(34000000000), resultBalances[2]) // 34 ETH
+	})
+}
+
+// TestReasonablePerformance tests that operations complete in reasonable time
+func TestReasonablePerformance(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("large_state_performance", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Test with a large but realistic validator set
+		source, _ := util.DeterministicGenesisStateElectra(t, 1000) // 1000 validators
+		target := source.Copy()
+		
+		// Make realistic changes
+		_ = target.SetSlot(source.Slot() + 32) // One epoch
+		validators := target.Validators()
+		for i := 0; i < 100; i++ { // 10% of validators changed
+			validators[i].EffectiveBalance += 1000000000 // 1 ETH change
+		}
+		_ = target.SetValidators(validators)
+		
+		// Should complete quickly
+		start := time.Now()
+		diff, err := Diff(source, target)
+		duration := time.Since(start)
+		
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, true, duration < time.Second, "Diff creation took too long: %v", duration)
+		require.Equal(t, true, len(diff.StateDiff) > 0, "Should have state diff")
+	})
+	
+	t.Run("realistic_diff_application", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Test applying diffs to large states
+		source, _ := util.DeterministicGenesisStateElectra(t, 500)
+		target := source.Copy()
+		_ = target.SetSlot(source.Slot() + 1)
+		
+		// Create and apply diff
+		diff, err := Diff(source, target)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		
+		start := time.Now()
+		result, err := ApplyDiff(context.Background(), source, diff)
+		duration := time.Since(start)
+		
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, target.Slot(), result.Slot())
+		require.Equal(t, true, duration < time.Second, "Diff application took too long: %v", duration)
+	})
+}
+
+// TestStateTransitionValidation tests realistic state transition scenarios
+func TestStateTransitionValidation(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("validator_slashing_scenario", func(t *testing.T) {
+		source, _ := util.DeterministicGenesisStateElectra(t, 10)
+		target := source.Copy()
+		
+		// Simulate validator slashing (realistic scenario)
+		validators := target.Validators()
+		validators[0].Slashed = true
+		validators[0].EffectiveBalance = 0 // Slashed validator loses balance
+		_ = target.SetValidators(validators)
+		
+		// This should work fine
+		diff, err := Diff(source, target)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		
+		result, err := ApplyDiff(context.Background(), source, diff)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, true, result.Validators()[0].Slashed)
+		require.Equal(t, uint64(0), result.Validators()[0].EffectiveBalance)
+	})
+	
+	t.Run("epoch_transition_scenario", func(t *testing.T) {
+		source, _ := util.DeterministicGenesisStateElectra(t, 64)
+		target := source.Copy()
+		
+		// Simulate epoch transition with multiple changes
+		_ = target.SetSlot(source.Slot() + 32) // One epoch
+		
+		// Some validators get rewards, others get penalties
+		balances := target.Balances()
+		for i := 0; i < len(balances); i++ {
+			if i%2 == 0 {
+				balances[i] += 100000000 // 0.1 ETH reward
+			} else {
+				if balances[i] > 50000000 {
+					balances[i] -= 50000000 // 0.05 ETH penalty
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		_ = target.SetBalances(balances)
+		
+		// This should work smoothly
+		diff, err := Diff(source, target)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		
+		result, err := ApplyDiff(context.Background(), source, diff)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, target.Slot(), result.Slot())
+	})
+	
+	t.Run("consistent_state_root", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Test that diffs preserve state consistency
+		source, _ := util.DeterministicGenesisStateElectra(t, 32)
+		target := source.Copy()
+		
+		// Make minimal changes
+		_ = target.SetSlot(source.Slot() + 1)
+		
+		// Diff and apply should be consistent
+		diff, err := Diff(source, target)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		
+		result, err := ApplyDiff(context.Background(), source, diff)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		
+		// Result should match target
+		require.Equal(t, target.Slot(), result.Slot())
+		require.Equal(t, len(target.Validators()), len(result.Validators()))
+		require.Equal(t, len(target.Balances()), len(result.Balances()))
+	})
+}
+
+// TestSerializationRoundTrip tests serialization consistency
+func TestSerializationRoundTrip(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("diff_serialization_consistency", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Test that serialization and deserialization are consistent
+		source, _ := util.DeterministicGenesisStateElectra(t, 16)
+		target := source.Copy()
+		
+		// Make changes
+		_ = target.SetSlot(source.Slot() + 5)
+		validators := target.Validators()
+		validators[0].EffectiveBalance += 1000000000
+		_ = target.SetValidators(validators)
+		
+		// Create diff
+		diff1, err := Diff(source, target)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		
+		// Deserialize and re-serialize
+		hdiff, err := newHdiff(diff1)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		
+		diff2 := hdiff.serialize()
+		
+		// Apply both diffs - should get same result
+		result1, err := ApplyDiff(context.Background(), source, diff1)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		
+		result2, err := ApplyDiff(context.Background(), source, diff2)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		
+		require.Equal(t, result1.Slot(), result2.Slot())
+		require.Equal(t, result1.Validators()[0].EffectiveBalance, result2.Validators()[0].EffectiveBalance)
+	})
+	
+	t.Run("empty_diff_handling", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Test that empty diffs are handled correctly
+		source, _ := util.DeterministicGenesisStateElectra(t, 8)
+		target := source.Copy() // No changes
+		
+		// Should create minimal diff
+		diff, err := Diff(source, target)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		
+		// Apply should work and return equivalent state
+		result, err := ApplyDiff(context.Background(), source, diff)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		
+		require.Equal(t, source.Slot(), result.Slot())
+		require.Equal(t, len(source.Validators()), len(result.Validators()))
+	})
+	
+	t.Run("compression_efficiency", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Test that compression is working effectively
+		source, _ := util.DeterministicGenesisStateElectra(t, 100)
+		target := source.Copy()
+		
+		// Make small changes
+		_ = target.SetSlot(source.Slot() + 1)
+		validators := target.Validators()
+		validators[0].EffectiveBalance += 1000000000
+		_ = target.SetValidators(validators)
+		
+		// Create diff
+		diff, err := Diff(source, target)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		
+		// Get full state size
+		fullStateSSZ, err := target.MarshalSSZ()
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		
+		// Diff should be much smaller than full state
+		diffSize := len(diff.StateDiff) + len(diff.ValidatorDiffs) + len(diff.BalancesDiff)
+		require.Equal(t, true, diffSize < len(fullStateSSZ)/2, 
+			"Diff should be smaller than full state: diff=%d, full=%d", diffSize, len(fullStateSSZ))
+	})
+}
+
+// TestKMPSecurity tests the KMP algorithm for security issues
+func TestKMPSecurity(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("nil_pointer_handling", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Test with nil pointers in the pattern/text
+		pattern := []*int{nil, nil, nil}
+		text := []*int{nil, nil, nil, nil, nil}
+		
+		equals := func(a, b *int) bool {
+			if a == nil && b == nil {
+				return true
+			}
+			if a == nil || b == nil {
+				return false
+			}
+			return *a == *b
+		}
+		
+		// Should not panic - result can be any integer
+		result := kmpIndex(len(pattern), text, equals)
+		_ = result // Any result is valid, just ensure no panic
+	})
+	
+	t.Run("empty_pattern_edge_case", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var pattern []*int
+		text := []*int{new(int), new(int)}
+		
+		equals := func(a, b *int) bool { return a == b }
+		
+		result := kmpIndex(0, text, equals)
+		require.Equal(t, 0, result, "Empty pattern should return 0")
+		_ = pattern // Silence unused variable warning
+	})
+	
+	t.Run("realistic_pattern_performance", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Test with realistic sizes to ensure good performance
+		realisticSize := 100 // More realistic for validator arrays
+		pattern := make([]*int, realisticSize)
+		text := make([]*int, realisticSize*2)
+		
+		// Create realistic pattern
+		for i := range pattern {
+			val := i % 10 // More variation
+			pattern[i] = &val
+		}
+		for i := range text {
+			val := i % 10
+			text[i] = &val
+		}
+		
+		equals := func(a, b *int) bool {
+			if a == nil && b == nil {
+				return true
+			}
+			if a == nil || b == nil {
+				return false
+			}
+			return *a == *b
+		}
+		
+		start := time.Now()
+		result := kmpIndex(len(pattern), text, equals)
+		duration := time.Since(start)
+		
+		// Should complete quickly with realistic inputs
+		require.Equal(t, true, duration < time.Second, 
+			"KMP took too long: %v", duration)
+		_ = result // Any result is valid, just ensure performance is good
+	})
+}
+
+// TestConcurrencySafety tests thread safety of the hdiff operations
+func TestConcurrencySafety(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("concurrent_diff_creation", func(t *testing.T) {
+		source, _ := util.DeterministicGenesisStateElectra(t, 32)
+		target := source.Copy()
+		_ = target.SetSlot(source.Slot() + 1)
+		
+		const numGoroutines = 10
+		const iterations = 100
+		
+		var wg sync.WaitGroup
+		errors := make(chan error, numGoroutines*iterations)
+		
+		for i := 0; i < numGoroutines; i++ {
+			wg.Add(1)
+			go func(workerID int) {
+				defer wg.Done()
+				
+				for j := 0; j < iterations; j++ {
+					_, err := Diff(source, target)
+					if err != nil {
+						errors <- fmt.Errorf("worker %d iteration %d: %v", workerID, j, err)
+					}
+				}
+			}(i)
+		}
+		
+		wg.Wait()
+		close(errors)
+		
+		// Check for any errors
+		for err := range errors {
+			t.Error(err)
+		}
+	})
+	
+	t.Run("concurrent_diff_application", func(t *testing.T) {
+		ctx := context.Background()
+		source, _ := util.DeterministicGenesisStateElectra(t, 16)
+		target := source.Copy()
+		_ = target.SetSlot(source.Slot() + 5)
+		
+		diff, err := Diff(source, target)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		
+		const numGoroutines = 10
+		var wg sync.WaitGroup
+		errors := make(chan error, numGoroutines)
+		
+		for i := 0; i < numGoroutines; i++ {
+			wg.Add(1)
+			go func(workerID int) {
+				defer wg.Done()
+				
+				// Each goroutine needs its own copy of the source state
+				localSource := source.Copy()
+				_, err := ApplyDiff(ctx, localSource, diff)
+				if err != nil {
+					errors <- fmt.Errorf("worker %d: %v", workerID, err)
+				}
+			}(i)
+		}
+		
+		wg.Wait()
+		close(errors)
+		
+		// Check for any errors
+		for err := range errors {
+			t.Error(err)
+		}
+	})
+}

consensus-types/helpers/BUILD.bazel

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+load("@prysm//tools/go:def.bzl", "go_library")
+
+go_library(
+    name = "go_default_library",
+    srcs = ["comparisons.go"],
+    importpath = "github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/consensus-types/helpers",
+    visibility = ["//visibility:public"],
+    deps = ["//proto/prysm/v1alpha1:go_default_library"],
+)

consensus-types/helpers/comparisons.go

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+package helpers
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+
+	ethpb "github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/proto/prysm/v1alpha1"
+)
+
+func ForksEqual(s, t *ethpb.Fork) bool {
+	if s == nil && t == nil {
+		return true
+	}
+	if s == nil || t == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	if s.Epoch != t.Epoch {
+		return false
+	}
+	if !bytes.Equal(s.PreviousVersion, t.PreviousVersion) {
+		return false
+	}
+	return bytes.Equal(s.CurrentVersion, t.CurrentVersion)
+}
+
+func BlockHeadersEqual(s, t *ethpb.BeaconBlockHeader) bool {
+	if s == nil && t == nil {
+		return true
+	}
+	if s == nil || t == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	if s.Slot != t.Slot {
+		return false
+	}
+	if s.ProposerIndex != t.ProposerIndex {
+		return false
+	}
+	if !bytes.Equal(s.ParentRoot, t.ParentRoot) {
+		return false
+	}
+	if !bytes.Equal(s.StateRoot, t.StateRoot) {
+		return false
+	}
+	return bytes.Equal(s.BodyRoot, t.BodyRoot)
+}
+
+func Eth1DataEqual(s, t *ethpb.Eth1Data) bool {
+	if s == nil && t == nil {
+		return true
+	}
+	if s == nil || t == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	if !bytes.Equal(s.DepositRoot, t.DepositRoot) {
+		return false
+	}
+	if s.DepositCount != t.DepositCount {
+		return false
+	}
+	return bytes.Equal(s.BlockHash, t.BlockHash)
+}
+
+func PendingDepositsEqual(s, t *ethpb.PendingDeposit) bool {
+	if s == nil && t == nil {
+		return true
+	}
+	if s == nil || t == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	if !bytes.Equal(s.PublicKey, t.PublicKey) {
+		return false
+	}
+	if !bytes.Equal(s.WithdrawalCredentials, t.WithdrawalCredentials) {
+		return false
+	}
+	if s.Amount != t.Amount {
+		return false
+	}
+	if !bytes.Equal(s.Signature, t.Signature) {
+		return false
+	}
+	return s.Slot == t.Slot
+}
+
+func PendingPartialWithdrawalsEqual(s, t *ethpb.PendingPartialWithdrawal) bool {
+	if s == nil && t == nil {
+		return true
+	}
+	if s == nil || t == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	if s.Index != t.Index {
+		return false
+	}
+	if s.Amount != t.Amount {
+		return false
+	}
+	return s.WithdrawableEpoch == t.WithdrawableEpoch
+}
+
+func PendingConsolidationsEqual(s, t *ethpb.PendingConsolidation) bool {
+	if s == nil && t == nil {
+		return true
+	}
+	if s == nil || t == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	return s.SourceIndex == t.SourceIndex && s.TargetIndex == t.TargetIndex
+}

proto/prysm/v1alpha1/BUILD.bazel

@@ -2,14 +2,13 @@
 # Common
 ##############################################################################
 
-load("@rules_proto//proto:defs.bzl", "proto_library")
-
 ##############################################################################
 # Go
 ##############################################################################
 # gazelle:ignore
 load("@io_bazel_rules_go//go:def.bzl", "go_library", "go_test")
 load("@io_bazel_rules_go//proto:def.bzl", "go_proto_library")
+load("@rules_proto//proto:defs.bzl", "proto_library")
 load("//proto:ssz_proto_library.bzl", "ssz_proto_files")
 load("//tools:ssz.bzl", "SSZ_DEPS", "ssz_gen_marshal")
 
@@ -189,6 +188,7 @@ ssz_fulu_objs = [
     "DataColumnIdentifier",
     "DataColumnsByRootIdentifier",
     "DataColumnSidecar",
+    "StatusV2",
     "SignedBeaconBlockContentsFulu",
     "SignedBeaconBlockFulu",
     "SignedBlindedBeaconBlockFulu",
@@ -359,15 +359,17 @@ go_library(
     importpath = "github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/proto/prysm/v1alpha1",
     visibility = ["//visibility:public"],
     deps = SSZ_DEPS + [
+        "//consensus-types/primitives:go_default_library",
         "//encoding/bytesutil:go_default_library",
         "//math:go_default_library",
         "//proto/engine/v1:go_default_library",
         "//proto/eth/ext:go_default_library",
         "//runtime/version:go_default_library",
-        "//consensus-types/primitives:go_default_library",
-        "@com_github_pkg_errors//:go_default_library",
         "@com_github_golang_protobuf//proto:go_default_library",
+        "@com_github_pkg_errors//:go_default_library",
         "@com_github_prysmaticlabs_go_bitfield//:go_default_library",  # keep
+        "@com_github_sirupsen_logrus//:go_default_library",
+        "@com_github_sirupsen_logrus//hooks/test:go_default_library",
         "@googleapis//google/api:annotations_go_proto",
         "@io_bazel_rules_go//proto/wkt:descriptor_go_proto",
         "@io_bazel_rules_go//proto/wkt:empty_go_proto",
@@ -382,8 +384,6 @@ go_library(
         "@org_golang_google_protobuf//runtime/protoimpl:go_default_library",
         "@org_golang_google_protobuf//types/descriptorpb:go_default_library",
         "@org_golang_google_protobuf//types/known/emptypb:go_default_library",
-        "@com_github_sirupsen_logrus//:go_default_library",
-        "@com_github_sirupsen_logrus//hooks/test:go_default_library",
     ],
 )
 

proto/prysm/v1alpha1/beacon_block.go

@@ -5,6 +5,12 @@ import (
 	enginev1 "github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/proto/engine/v1"
 )
 
+// GenericConverter defines any struct that can be converted to a generic beacon block.
+// We assume all your versioned block structs implement this method.
+type GenericConverter interface {
+	ToGeneric() (*GenericBeaconBlock, error)
+}
+
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Phase 0
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

proto/prysm/v1alpha1/data_columns.pb.go

@@ -109,61 +109,6 @@ func (x *DataColumnSidecar) GetKzgCommitmentsInclusionProof() [][]byte {
 	return nil
 }
 
-type DataColumnIdentifier struct {
-	state         protoimpl.MessageState
-	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
-	unknownFields protoimpl.UnknownFields
-
-	BlockRoot []byte `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=block_root,json=blockRoot,proto3" json:"block_root,omitempty" ssz-size:"32"`
-	Index     uint64 `protobuf:"varint,2,opt,name=index,proto3" json:"index,omitempty"`
-}
-
-func (x *DataColumnIdentifier) Reset() {
-	*x = DataColumnIdentifier{}
-	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
-		mi := &file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_data_columns_proto_msgTypes[1]
-		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
-	}
-}
-
-func (x *DataColumnIdentifier) String() string {
-	return protoimpl.X.MessageStringOf(x)
-}
-
-func (*DataColumnIdentifier) ProtoMessage() {}
-
-func (x *DataColumnIdentifier) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_data_columns_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
-		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
-			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
-		}
-		return ms
-	}
-	return mi.MessageOf(x)
-}
-
-// Deprecated: Use DataColumnIdentifier.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
-func (*DataColumnIdentifier) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_data_columns_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{1}
-}
-
-func (x *DataColumnIdentifier) GetBlockRoot() []byte {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.BlockRoot
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (x *DataColumnIdentifier) GetIndex() uint64 {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.Index
-	}
-	return 0
-}
-
 type DataColumnsByRootIdentifier struct {
 	state         protoimpl.MessageState
 	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
@@ -176,7 +121,7 @@ type DataColumnsByRootIdentifier struct {
 func (x *DataColumnsByRootIdentifier) Reset() {
 	*x = DataColumnsByRootIdentifier{}
 	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
-		mi := &file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_data_columns_proto_msgTypes[2]
+		mi := &file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_data_columns_proto_msgTypes[1]
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
 	}
@@ -189,7 +134,7 @@ func (x *DataColumnsByRootIdentifier) String() string {
 func (*DataColumnsByRootIdentifier) ProtoMessage() {}
 
 func (x *DataColumnsByRootIdentifier) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_data_columns_proto_msgTypes[2]
+	mi := &file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_data_columns_proto_msgTypes[1]
 	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
@@ -202,7 +147,7 @@ func (x *DataColumnsByRootIdentifier) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 
 // Deprecated: Use DataColumnsByRootIdentifier.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*DataColumnsByRootIdentifier) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_data_columns_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{2}
+	return file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_data_columns_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{1}
 }
 
 func (x *DataColumnsByRootIdentifier) GetBlockRoot() []byte {
@@ -253,29 +198,24 @@ var file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_data_columns_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
 	0x63, 0x6c, 0x75, 0x73, 0x69, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x5f, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x6f, 0x66, 0x18, 0x06, 0x20,
 	0x03, 0x28, 0x0c, 0x42, 0x08, 0x8a, 0xb5, 0x18, 0x04, 0x34, 0x2c, 0x33, 0x32, 0x52, 0x1c, 0x6b,
 	0x7a, 0x67, 0x43, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x6d, 0x69, 0x74, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x6e, 0x74, 0x73, 0x49, 0x6e, 0x63,
-	0x6c, 0x75, 0x73, 0x69, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x50, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x6f, 0x66, 0x22, 0x53, 0x0a, 0x14, 0x44,
-	0x61, 0x74, 0x61, 0x43, 0x6f, 0x6c, 0x75, 0x6d, 0x6e, 0x49, 0x64, 0x65, 0x6e, 0x74, 0x69, 0x66,
-	0x69, 0x65, 0x72, 0x12, 0x25, 0x0a, 0x0a, 0x62, 0x6c, 0x6f, 0x63, 0x6b, 0x5f, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x6f,
-	0x74, 0x18, 0x01, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x0c, 0x42, 0x06, 0x8a, 0xb5, 0x18, 0x02, 0x33, 0x32, 0x52,
-	0x09, 0x62, 0x6c, 0x6f, 0x63, 0x6b, 0x52, 0x6f, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x12, 0x14, 0x0a, 0x05, 0x69, 0x6e,
-	0x64, 0x65, 0x78, 0x18, 0x02, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x04, 0x52, 0x05, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x64, 0x65, 0x78,
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-	0x61, 0x6c, 0x70, 0x68, 0x61, 0x31, 0x62, 0x06, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x33,
+	0x6c, 0x75, 0x73, 0x69, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x50, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x6f, 0x66, 0x22, 0x67, 0x0a, 0x1b, 0x44,
+	0x61, 0x74, 0x61, 0x43, 0x6f, 0x6c, 0x75, 0x6d, 0x6e, 0x73, 0x42, 0x79, 0x52, 0x6f, 0x6f, 0x74,
+	0x49, 0x64, 0x65, 0x6e, 0x74, 0x69, 0x66, 0x69, 0x65, 0x72, 0x12, 0x25, 0x0a, 0x0a, 0x62, 0x6c,
+	0x6f, 0x63, 0x6b, 0x5f, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x18, 0x01, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x0c, 0x42, 0x06,
+	0x8a, 0xb5, 0x18, 0x02, 0x33, 0x32, 0x52, 0x09, 0x62, 0x6c, 0x6f, 0x63, 0x6b, 0x52, 0x6f, 0x6f,
+	0x74, 0x12, 0x21, 0x0a, 0x07, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6c, 0x75, 0x6d, 0x6e, 0x73, 0x18, 0x02, 0x20, 0x03,
+	0x28, 0x04, 0x42, 0x07, 0x92, 0xb5, 0x18, 0x03, 0x31, 0x32, 0x38, 0x52, 0x07, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6c,
+	0x75, 0x6d, 0x6e, 0x73, 0x42, 0x9a, 0x01, 0x0a, 0x19, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x67, 0x2e, 0x65, 0x74, 0x68,
+	0x65, 0x72, 0x65, 0x75, 0x6d, 0x2e, 0x65, 0x74, 0x68, 0x2e, 0x76, 0x31, 0x61, 0x6c, 0x70, 0x68,
+	0x61, 0x31, 0x42, 0x10, 0x44, 0x61, 0x74, 0x61, 0x43, 0x6f, 0x6c, 0x75, 0x6d, 0x6e, 0x73, 0x50,
+	0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x50, 0x01, 0x5a, 0x39, 0x67, 0x69, 0x74, 0x68, 0x75, 0x62, 0x2e, 0x63,
+	0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2f, 0x4f, 0x66, 0x66, 0x63, 0x68, 0x61, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x4c, 0x61, 0x62, 0x73, 0x2f,
+	0x70, 0x72, 0x79, 0x73, 0x6d, 0x2f, 0x76, 0x36, 0x2f, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x2f, 0x70,
+	0x72, 0x79, 0x73, 0x6d, 0x2f, 0x76, 0x31, 0x61, 0x6c, 0x70, 0x68, 0x61, 0x31, 0x3b, 0x65, 0x74,
+	0x68, 0xaa, 0x02, 0x15, 0x45, 0x74, 0x68, 0x65, 0x72, 0x65, 0x75, 0x6d, 0x2e, 0x45, 0x74, 0x68,
+	0x2e, 0x76, 0x31, 0x61, 0x6c, 0x70, 0x68, 0x61, 0x31, 0xca, 0x02, 0x15, 0x45, 0x74, 0x68, 0x65,
+	0x72, 0x65, 0x75, 0x6d, 0x5c, 0x45, 0x74, 0x68, 0x5c, 0x76, 0x31, 0x61, 0x6c, 0x70, 0x68, 0x61,
+	0x31, 0x62, 0x06, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x33,
 }
 
 var (
@@ -290,15 +230,14 @@ func file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_data_columns_proto_rawDescGZIP() []byte {
 	return file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_data_columns_proto_rawDescData
 }
 
-var file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_data_columns_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 3)
+var file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_data_columns_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 2)
 var file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_data_columns_proto_goTypes = []interface{}{
 	(*DataColumnSidecar)(nil),           // 0: ethereum.eth.v1alpha1.DataColumnSidecar
-	(*DataColumnIdentifier)(nil),        // 1: ethereum.eth.v1alpha1.DataColumnIdentifier
-	(*DataColumnsByRootIdentifier)(nil), // 2: ethereum.eth.v1alpha1.DataColumnsByRootIdentifier
-	(*SignedBeaconBlockHeader)(nil),     // 3: ethereum.eth.v1alpha1.SignedBeaconBlockHeader
+	(*DataColumnsByRootIdentifier)(nil), // 1: ethereum.eth.v1alpha1.DataColumnsByRootIdentifier
+	(*SignedBeaconBlockHeader)(nil),     // 2: ethereum.eth.v1alpha1.SignedBeaconBlockHeader
 }
 var file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_data_columns_proto_depIdxs = []int32{
-	3, // 0: ethereum.eth.v1alpha1.DataColumnSidecar.signed_block_header:type_name -> ethereum.eth.v1alpha1.SignedBeaconBlockHeader
+	2, // 0: ethereum.eth.v1alpha1.DataColumnSidecar.signed_block_header:type_name -> ethereum.eth.v1alpha1.SignedBeaconBlockHeader
 	1, // [1:1] is the sub-list for method output_type
 	1, // [1:1] is the sub-list for method input_type
 	1, // [1:1] is the sub-list for extension type_name
@@ -326,18 +265,6 @@ func file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_data_columns_proto_init() {
 			}
 		}
 		file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_data_columns_proto_msgTypes[1].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
-			switch v := v.(*DataColumnIdentifier); i {
-			case 0:
-				return &v.state
-			case 1:
-				return &v.sizeCache
-			case 2:
-				return &v.unknownFields
-			default:
-				return nil
-			}
-		}
-		file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_data_columns_proto_msgTypes[2].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
 			switch v := v.(*DataColumnsByRootIdentifier); i {
 			case 0:
 				return &v.state
@@ -356,7 +283,7 @@ func file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_data_columns_proto_init() {
 			GoPackagePath: reflect.TypeOf(x{}).PkgPath(),
 			RawDescriptor: file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_data_columns_proto_rawDesc,
 			NumEnums:      0,
-			NumMessages:   3,
+			NumMessages:   2,
 			NumExtensions: 0,
 			NumServices:   0,
 		},

proto/prysm/v1alpha1/data_columns.proto

@@ -45,11 +45,6 @@ message DataColumnSidecar {
             "kzg_commitments_inclusion_proof_depth.size,32" ];
 }
 
-message DataColumnIdentifier {
-  bytes block_root = 1 [ (ethereum.eth.ext.ssz_size) = "32" ];
-  uint64 index = 2;
-}
-
 message DataColumnsByRootIdentifier {
   bytes block_root = 1 [ (ethereum.eth.ext.ssz_size) = "32" ];
   repeated uint64 columns = 2  [ (ethereum.eth.ext.ssz_max) = "128" ];

proto/prysm/v1alpha1/fulu.ssz.go

@@ -2246,77 +2246,6 @@ func (d *DataColumnSidecar) HashTreeRootWith(hh *ssz.Hasher) (err error) {
 	return
 }
 
-// MarshalSSZ ssz marshals the DataColumnIdentifier object
-func (d *DataColumnIdentifier) MarshalSSZ() ([]byte, error) {
-	return ssz.MarshalSSZ(d)
-}
-
-// MarshalSSZTo ssz marshals the DataColumnIdentifier object to a target array
-func (d *DataColumnIdentifier) MarshalSSZTo(buf []byte) (dst []byte, err error) {
-	dst = buf
-
-	// Field (0) 'BlockRoot'
-	if size := len(d.BlockRoot); size != 32 {
-		err = ssz.ErrBytesLengthFn("--.BlockRoot", size, 32)
-		return
-	}
-	dst = append(dst, d.BlockRoot...)
-
-	// Field (1) 'Index'
-	dst = ssz.MarshalUint64(dst, d.Index)
-
-	return
-}
-
-// UnmarshalSSZ ssz unmarshals the DataColumnIdentifier object
-func (d *DataColumnIdentifier) UnmarshalSSZ(buf []byte) error {
-	var err error
-	size := uint64(len(buf))
-	if size != 40 {
-		return ssz.ErrSize
-	}
-
-	// Field (0) 'BlockRoot'
-	if cap(d.BlockRoot) == 0 {
-		d.BlockRoot = make([]byte, 0, len(buf[0:32]))
-	}
-	d.BlockRoot = append(d.BlockRoot, buf[0:32]...)
-
-	// Field (1) 'Index'
-	d.Index = ssz.UnmarshallUint64(buf[32:40])
-
-	return err
-}
-
-// SizeSSZ returns the ssz encoded size in bytes for the DataColumnIdentifier object
-func (d *DataColumnIdentifier) SizeSSZ() (size int) {
-	size = 40
-	return
-}
-
-// HashTreeRoot ssz hashes the DataColumnIdentifier object
-func (d *DataColumnIdentifier) HashTreeRoot() ([32]byte, error) {
-	return ssz.HashWithDefaultHasher(d)
-}
-
-// HashTreeRootWith ssz hashes the DataColumnIdentifier object with a hasher
-func (d *DataColumnIdentifier) HashTreeRootWith(hh *ssz.Hasher) (err error) {
-	indx := hh.Index()
-
-	// Field (0) 'BlockRoot'
-	if size := len(d.BlockRoot); size != 32 {
-		err = ssz.ErrBytesLengthFn("--.BlockRoot", size, 32)
-		return
-	}
-	hh.PutBytes(d.BlockRoot)
-
-	// Field (1) 'Index'
-	hh.PutUint64(d.Index)
-
-	hh.Merkleize(indx)
-	return
-}
-
 // MarshalSSZ ssz marshals the DataColumnsByRootIdentifier object
 func (d *DataColumnsByRootIdentifier) MarshalSSZ() ([]byte, error) {
 	return ssz.MarshalSSZ(d)
@@ -2436,3 +2365,132 @@ func (d *DataColumnsByRootIdentifier) HashTreeRootWith(hh *ssz.Hasher) (err erro
 	hh.Merkleize(indx)
 	return
 }
+
+// MarshalSSZ ssz marshals the StatusV2 object
+func (s *StatusV2) MarshalSSZ() ([]byte, error) {
+	return ssz.MarshalSSZ(s)
+}
+
+// MarshalSSZTo ssz marshals the StatusV2 object to a target array
+func (s *StatusV2) MarshalSSZTo(buf []byte) (dst []byte, err error) {
+	dst = buf
+
+	// Field (0) 'ForkDigest'
+	if size := len(s.ForkDigest); size != 4 {
+		err = ssz.ErrBytesLengthFn("--.ForkDigest", size, 4)
+		return
+	}
+	dst = append(dst, s.ForkDigest...)
+
+	// Field (1) 'FinalizedRoot'
+	if size := len(s.FinalizedRoot); size != 32 {
+		err = ssz.ErrBytesLengthFn("--.FinalizedRoot", size, 32)
+		return
+	}
+	dst = append(dst, s.FinalizedRoot...)
+
+	// Field (2) 'FinalizedEpoch'
+	dst = ssz.MarshalUint64(dst, uint64(s.FinalizedEpoch))
+
+	// Field (3) 'HeadRoot'
+	if size := len(s.HeadRoot); size != 32 {
+		err = ssz.ErrBytesLengthFn("--.HeadRoot", size, 32)
+		return
+	}
+	dst = append(dst, s.HeadRoot...)
+
+	// Field (4) 'HeadSlot'
+	dst = ssz.MarshalUint64(dst, uint64(s.HeadSlot))
+
+	// Field (5) 'EarliestAvailableSlot'
+	dst = ssz.MarshalUint64(dst, uint64(s.EarliestAvailableSlot))
+
+	return
+}
+
+// UnmarshalSSZ ssz unmarshals the StatusV2 object
+func (s *StatusV2) UnmarshalSSZ(buf []byte) error {
+	var err error
+	size := uint64(len(buf))
+	if size != 92 {
+		return ssz.ErrSize
+	}
+
+	// Field (0) 'ForkDigest'
+	if cap(s.ForkDigest) == 0 {
+		s.ForkDigest = make([]byte, 0, len(buf[0:4]))
+	}
+	s.ForkDigest = append(s.ForkDigest, buf[0:4]...)
+
+	// Field (1) 'FinalizedRoot'
+	if cap(s.FinalizedRoot) == 0 {
+		s.FinalizedRoot = make([]byte, 0, len(buf[4:36]))
+	}
+	s.FinalizedRoot = append(s.FinalizedRoot, buf[4:36]...)
+
+	// Field (2) 'FinalizedEpoch'
+	s.FinalizedEpoch = github_com_OffchainLabs_prysm_v6_consensus_types_primitives.Epoch(ssz.UnmarshallUint64(buf[36:44]))
+
+	// Field (3) 'HeadRoot'
+	if cap(s.HeadRoot) == 0 {
+		s.HeadRoot = make([]byte, 0, len(buf[44:76]))
+	}
+	s.HeadRoot = append(s.HeadRoot, buf[44:76]...)
+
+	// Field (4) 'HeadSlot'
+	s.HeadSlot = github_com_OffchainLabs_prysm_v6_consensus_types_primitives.Slot(ssz.UnmarshallUint64(buf[76:84]))
+
+	// Field (5) 'EarliestAvailableSlot'
+	s.EarliestAvailableSlot = github_com_OffchainLabs_prysm_v6_consensus_types_primitives.Slot(ssz.UnmarshallUint64(buf[84:92]))
+
+	return err
+}
+
+// SizeSSZ returns the ssz encoded size in bytes for the StatusV2 object
+func (s *StatusV2) SizeSSZ() (size int) {
+	size = 92
+	return
+}
+
+// HashTreeRoot ssz hashes the StatusV2 object
+func (s *StatusV2) HashTreeRoot() ([32]byte, error) {
+	return ssz.HashWithDefaultHasher(s)
+}
+
+// HashTreeRootWith ssz hashes the StatusV2 object with a hasher
+func (s *StatusV2) HashTreeRootWith(hh *ssz.Hasher) (err error) {
+	indx := hh.Index()
+
+	// Field (0) 'ForkDigest'
+	if size := len(s.ForkDigest); size != 4 {
+		err = ssz.ErrBytesLengthFn("--.ForkDigest", size, 4)
+		return
+	}
+	hh.PutBytes(s.ForkDigest)
+
+	// Field (1) 'FinalizedRoot'
+	if size := len(s.FinalizedRoot); size != 32 {
+		err = ssz.ErrBytesLengthFn("--.FinalizedRoot", size, 32)
+		return
+	}
+	hh.PutBytes(s.FinalizedRoot)
+
+	// Field (2) 'FinalizedEpoch'
+	hh.PutUint64(uint64(s.FinalizedEpoch))
+
+	// Field (3) 'HeadRoot'
+	if size := len(s.HeadRoot); size != 32 {
+		err = ssz.ErrBytesLengthFn("--.HeadRoot", size, 32)
+		return
+	}
+	hh.PutBytes(s.HeadRoot)
+
+	// Field (4) 'HeadSlot'
+	hh.PutUint64(uint64(s.HeadSlot))
+
+	// Field (5) 'EarliestAvailableSlot'
+	hh.PutUint64(uint64(s.EarliestAvailableSlot))
+
+	hh.Merkleize(indx)
+	return
+}

proto/prysm/v1alpha1/p2p_messages.pb.go

@@ -104,6 +104,93 @@ func (x *Status) GetHeadSlot() github_com_OffchainLabs_prysm_v6_consensus_types_
 	return github_com_OffchainLabs_prysm_v6_consensus_types_primitives.Slot(0)
 }
 
+type StatusV2 struct {
+	state         protoimpl.MessageState
+	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
+	unknownFields protoimpl.UnknownFields
+
+	ForkDigest            []byte                                                            `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=fork_digest,json=forkDigest,proto3" json:"fork_digest,omitempty" ssz-size:"4"`
+	FinalizedRoot         []byte                                                            `protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=finalized_root,json=finalizedRoot,proto3" json:"finalized_root,omitempty" ssz-size:"32"`
+	FinalizedEpoch        github_com_OffchainLabs_prysm_v6_consensus_types_primitives.Epoch `protobuf:"varint,3,opt,name=finalized_epoch,json=finalizedEpoch,proto3" json:"finalized_epoch,omitempty" cast-type:"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/consensus-types/primitives.Epoch"`
+	HeadRoot              []byte                                                            `protobuf:"bytes,4,opt,name=head_root,json=headRoot,proto3" json:"head_root,omitempty" ssz-size:"32"`
+	HeadSlot              github_com_OffchainLabs_prysm_v6_consensus_types_primitives.Slot  `protobuf:"varint,5,opt,name=head_slot,json=headSlot,proto3" json:"head_slot,omitempty" cast-type:"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/consensus-types/primitives.Slot"`
+	EarliestAvailableSlot github_com_OffchainLabs_prysm_v6_consensus_types_primitives.Slot  `protobuf:"varint,6,opt,name=earliest_available_slot,json=earliestAvailableSlot,proto3" json:"earliest_available_slot,omitempty" cast-type:"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/consensus-types/primitives.Slot"`
+}
+
+func (x *StatusV2) Reset() {
+	*x = StatusV2{}
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[1]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
+}
+
+func (x *StatusV2) String() string {
+	return protoimpl.X.MessageStringOf(x)
+}
+
+func (*StatusV2) ProtoMessage() {}
+
+func (x *StatusV2) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
+	mi := &file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[1]
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
+			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+		}
+		return ms
+	}
+	return mi.MessageOf(x)
+}
+
+// Deprecated: Use StatusV2.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
+func (*StatusV2) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
+	return file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{1}
+}
+
+func (x *StatusV2) GetForkDigest() []byte {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.ForkDigest
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (x *StatusV2) GetFinalizedRoot() []byte {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.FinalizedRoot
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (x *StatusV2) GetFinalizedEpoch() github_com_OffchainLabs_prysm_v6_consensus_types_primitives.Epoch {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.FinalizedEpoch
+	}
+	return github_com_OffchainLabs_prysm_v6_consensus_types_primitives.Epoch(0)
+}
+
+func (x *StatusV2) GetHeadRoot() []byte {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.HeadRoot
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (x *StatusV2) GetHeadSlot() github_com_OffchainLabs_prysm_v6_consensus_types_primitives.Slot {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.HeadSlot
+	}
+	return github_com_OffchainLabs_prysm_v6_consensus_types_primitives.Slot(0)
+}
+
+func (x *StatusV2) GetEarliestAvailableSlot() github_com_OffchainLabs_prysm_v6_consensus_types_primitives.Slot {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.EarliestAvailableSlot
+	}
+	return github_com_OffchainLabs_prysm_v6_consensus_types_primitives.Slot(0)
+}
+
 type BeaconBlocksByRangeRequest struct {
 	state         protoimpl.MessageState
 	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
@@ -117,7 +204,7 @@ type BeaconBlocksByRangeRequest struct {
 func (x *BeaconBlocksByRangeRequest) Reset() {
 	*x = BeaconBlocksByRangeRequest{}
 	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
-		mi := &file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[1]
+		mi := &file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[2]
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
 	}
@@ -130,7 +217,7 @@ func (x *BeaconBlocksByRangeRequest) String() string {
 func (*BeaconBlocksByRangeRequest) ProtoMessage() {}
 
 func (x *BeaconBlocksByRangeRequest) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[1]
+	mi := &file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[2]
 	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
@@ -143,7 +230,7 @@ func (x *BeaconBlocksByRangeRequest) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 
 // Deprecated: Use BeaconBlocksByRangeRequest.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*BeaconBlocksByRangeRequest) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{1}
+	return file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{2}
 }
 
 func (x *BeaconBlocksByRangeRequest) GetStartSlot() github_com_OffchainLabs_prysm_v6_consensus_types_primitives.Slot {
@@ -180,7 +267,7 @@ type ENRForkID struct {
 func (x *ENRForkID) Reset() {
 	*x = ENRForkID{}
 	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
-		mi := &file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[2]
+		mi := &file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[3]
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
 	}
@@ -193,7 +280,7 @@ func (x *ENRForkID) String() string {
 func (*ENRForkID) ProtoMessage() {}
 
 func (x *ENRForkID) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[2]
+	mi := &file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[3]
 	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
@@ -206,7 +293,7 @@ func (x *ENRForkID) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 
 // Deprecated: Use ENRForkID.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*ENRForkID) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{2}
+	return file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{3}
 }
 
 func (x *ENRForkID) GetCurrentForkDigest() []byte {
@@ -242,7 +329,7 @@ type MetaDataV0 struct {
 func (x *MetaDataV0) Reset() {
 	*x = MetaDataV0{}
 	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
-		mi := &file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[3]
+		mi := &file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[4]
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
 	}
@@ -255,7 +342,7 @@ func (x *MetaDataV0) String() string {
 func (*MetaDataV0) ProtoMessage() {}
 
 func (x *MetaDataV0) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[3]
+	mi := &file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[4]
 	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
@@ -268,7 +355,7 @@ func (x *MetaDataV0) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 
 // Deprecated: Use MetaDataV0.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*MetaDataV0) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{3}
+	return file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{4}
 }
 
 func (x *MetaDataV0) GetSeqNumber() uint64 {
@@ -298,7 +385,7 @@ type MetaDataV1 struct {
 func (x *MetaDataV1) Reset() {
 	*x = MetaDataV1{}
 	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
-		mi := &file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[4]
+		mi := &file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[5]
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
 	}
@@ -311,7 +398,7 @@ func (x *MetaDataV1) String() string {
 func (*MetaDataV1) ProtoMessage() {}
 
 func (x *MetaDataV1) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[4]
+	mi := &file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[5]
 	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
@@ -324,7 +411,7 @@ func (x *MetaDataV1) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 
 // Deprecated: Use MetaDataV1.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*MetaDataV1) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{4}
+	return file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{5}
 }
 
 func (x *MetaDataV1) GetSeqNumber() uint64 {
@@ -362,7 +449,7 @@ type MetaDataV2 struct {
 func (x *MetaDataV2) Reset() {
 	*x = MetaDataV2{}
 	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
-		mi := &file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[5]
+		mi := &file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[6]
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
 	}
@@ -375,7 +462,7 @@ func (x *MetaDataV2) String() string {
 func (*MetaDataV2) ProtoMessage() {}
 
 func (x *MetaDataV2) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[5]
+	mi := &file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[6]
 	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
@@ -388,7 +475,7 @@ func (x *MetaDataV2) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 
 // Deprecated: Use MetaDataV2.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*MetaDataV2) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{5}
+	return file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{6}
 }
 
 func (x *MetaDataV2) GetSeqNumber() uint64 {
@@ -431,7 +518,7 @@ type BlobSidecarsByRangeRequest struct {
 func (x *BlobSidecarsByRangeRequest) Reset() {
 	*x = BlobSidecarsByRangeRequest{}
 	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
-		mi := &file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[6]
+		mi := &file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[7]
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
 	}
@@ -444,7 +531,7 @@ func (x *BlobSidecarsByRangeRequest) String() string {
 func (*BlobSidecarsByRangeRequest) ProtoMessage() {}
 
 func (x *BlobSidecarsByRangeRequest) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[6]
+	mi := &file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[7]
 	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
@@ -457,7 +544,7 @@ func (x *BlobSidecarsByRangeRequest) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 
 // Deprecated: Use BlobSidecarsByRangeRequest.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*BlobSidecarsByRangeRequest) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{6}
+	return file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{7}
 }
 
 func (x *BlobSidecarsByRangeRequest) GetStartSlot() github_com_OffchainLabs_prysm_v6_consensus_types_primitives.Slot {
@@ -487,7 +574,7 @@ type DataColumnSidecarsByRangeRequest struct {
 func (x *DataColumnSidecarsByRangeRequest) Reset() {
 	*x = DataColumnSidecarsByRangeRequest{}
 	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
-		mi := &file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[7]
+		mi := &file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[8]
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
 	}
@@ -500,7 +587,7 @@ func (x *DataColumnSidecarsByRangeRequest) String() string {
 func (*DataColumnSidecarsByRangeRequest) ProtoMessage() {}
 
 func (x *DataColumnSidecarsByRangeRequest) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[7]
+	mi := &file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[8]
 	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
@@ -513,7 +600,7 @@ func (x *DataColumnSidecarsByRangeRequest) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 
 // Deprecated: Use DataColumnSidecarsByRangeRequest.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*DataColumnSidecarsByRangeRequest) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{7}
+	return file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{8}
 }
 
 func (x *DataColumnSidecarsByRangeRequest) GetStartSlot() github_com_OffchainLabs_prysm_v6_consensus_types_primitives.Slot {
@@ -549,7 +636,7 @@ type LightClientUpdatesByRangeRequest struct {
 func (x *LightClientUpdatesByRangeRequest) Reset() {
 	*x = LightClientUpdatesByRangeRequest{}
 	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
-		mi := &file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[8]
+		mi := &file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[9]
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
 	}
@@ -562,7 +649,7 @@ func (x *LightClientUpdatesByRangeRequest) String() string {
 func (*LightClientUpdatesByRangeRequest) ProtoMessage() {}
 
 func (x *LightClientUpdatesByRangeRequest) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[8]
+	mi := &file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[9]
 	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
@@ -575,7 +662,7 @@ func (x *LightClientUpdatesByRangeRequest) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 
 // Deprecated: Use LightClientUpdatesByRangeRequest.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*LightClientUpdatesByRangeRequest) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{8}
+	return file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{9}
 }
 
 func (x *LightClientUpdatesByRangeRequest) GetStartPeriod() uint64 {
@@ -624,109 +711,138 @@ var file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
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+	0x38, 0x52, 0x07, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6c, 0x75, 0x6d, 0x6e, 0x73, 0x22, 0x5b, 0x0a, 0x20, 0x4c, 0x69,
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+	0x64, 0x12, 0x14, 0x0a, 0x05, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x75, 0x6e, 0x74, 0x18, 0x02, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x04,
+	0x52, 0x05, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x75, 0x6e, 0x74, 0x42, 0x9a, 0x01, 0x0a, 0x19, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x67, 0x2e,
+	0x65, 0x74, 0x68, 0x65, 0x72, 0x65, 0x75, 0x6d, 0x2e, 0x65, 0x74, 0x68, 0x2e, 0x76, 0x31, 0x61,
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+	0x65, 0x73, 0x50, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x50, 0x01, 0x5a, 0x39, 0x67, 0x69, 0x74, 0x68, 0x75,
+	0x62, 0x2e, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2f, 0x4f, 0x66, 0x66, 0x63, 0x68, 0x61, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x4c, 0x61,
+	0x62, 0x73, 0x2f, 0x70, 0x72, 0x79, 0x73, 0x6d, 0x2f, 0x76, 0x36, 0x2f, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74,
+	0x6f, 0x2f, 0x70, 0x72, 0x79, 0x73, 0x6d, 0x2f, 0x76, 0x31, 0x61, 0x6c, 0x70, 0x68, 0x61, 0x31,
+	0x3b, 0x65, 0x74, 0x68, 0xaa, 0x02, 0x15, 0x45, 0x74, 0x68, 0x65, 0x72, 0x65, 0x75, 0x6d, 0x2e,
+	0x45, 0x74, 0x68, 0x2e, 0x56, 0x31, 0x61, 0x6c, 0x70, 0x68, 0x61, 0x31, 0xca, 0x02, 0x15, 0x45,
+	0x74, 0x68, 0x65, 0x72, 0x65, 0x75, 0x6d, 0x5c, 0x45, 0x74, 0x68, 0x5c, 0x76, 0x31, 0x61, 0x6c,
+	0x70, 0x68, 0x61, 0x31, 0x62, 0x06, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x33,
 }
 
 var (
@@ -741,17 +857,18 @@ func file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_rawDescGZIP() []byte {
 	return file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_rawDescData
 }
 
-var file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 9)
+var file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 10)
 var file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_goTypes = []interface{}{
 	(*Status)(nil),                           // 0: ethereum.eth.v1alpha1.Status
-	(*BeaconBlocksByRangeRequest)(nil),       // 1: ethereum.eth.v1alpha1.BeaconBlocksByRangeRequest
-	(*ENRForkID)(nil),                        // 2: ethereum.eth.v1alpha1.ENRForkID
-	(*MetaDataV0)(nil),                       // 3: ethereum.eth.v1alpha1.MetaDataV0
-	(*MetaDataV1)(nil),                       // 4: ethereum.eth.v1alpha1.MetaDataV1
-	(*MetaDataV2)(nil),                       // 5: ethereum.eth.v1alpha1.MetaDataV2
-	(*BlobSidecarsByRangeRequest)(nil),       // 6: ethereum.eth.v1alpha1.BlobSidecarsByRangeRequest
-	(*DataColumnSidecarsByRangeRequest)(nil), // 7: ethereum.eth.v1alpha1.DataColumnSidecarsByRangeRequest
-	(*LightClientUpdatesByRangeRequest)(nil), // 8: ethereum.eth.v1alpha1.LightClientUpdatesByRangeRequest
+	(*StatusV2)(nil),                         // 1: ethereum.eth.v1alpha1.StatusV2
+	(*BeaconBlocksByRangeRequest)(nil),       // 2: ethereum.eth.v1alpha1.BeaconBlocksByRangeRequest
+	(*ENRForkID)(nil),                        // 3: ethereum.eth.v1alpha1.ENRForkID
+	(*MetaDataV0)(nil),                       // 4: ethereum.eth.v1alpha1.MetaDataV0
+	(*MetaDataV1)(nil),                       // 5: ethereum.eth.v1alpha1.MetaDataV1
+	(*MetaDataV2)(nil),                       // 6: ethereum.eth.v1alpha1.MetaDataV2
+	(*BlobSidecarsByRangeRequest)(nil),       // 7: ethereum.eth.v1alpha1.BlobSidecarsByRangeRequest
+	(*DataColumnSidecarsByRangeRequest)(nil), // 8: ethereum.eth.v1alpha1.DataColumnSidecarsByRangeRequest
+	(*LightClientUpdatesByRangeRequest)(nil), // 9: ethereum.eth.v1alpha1.LightClientUpdatesByRangeRequest
 }
 var file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_depIdxs = []int32{
 	0, // [0:0] is the sub-list for method output_type
@@ -780,7 +897,7 @@ func file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_init() {
 			}
 		}
 		file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[1].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
-			switch v := v.(*BeaconBlocksByRangeRequest); i {
+			switch v := v.(*StatusV2); i {
 			case 0:
 				return &v.state
 			case 1:
@@ -792,7 +909,7 @@ func file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_init() {
 			}
 		}
 		file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[2].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
-			switch v := v.(*ENRForkID); i {
+			switch v := v.(*BeaconBlocksByRangeRequest); i {
 			case 0:
 				return &v.state
 			case 1:
@@ -804,7 +921,7 @@ func file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_init() {
 			}
 		}
 		file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[3].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
-			switch v := v.(*MetaDataV0); i {
+			switch v := v.(*ENRForkID); i {
 			case 0:
 				return &v.state
 			case 1:
@@ -816,7 +933,7 @@ func file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_init() {
 			}
 		}
 		file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[4].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
-			switch v := v.(*MetaDataV1); i {
+			switch v := v.(*MetaDataV0); i {
 			case 0:
 				return &v.state
 			case 1:
@@ -828,7 +945,7 @@ func file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_init() {
 			}
 		}
 		file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[5].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
-			switch v := v.(*MetaDataV2); i {
+			switch v := v.(*MetaDataV1); i {
 			case 0:
 				return &v.state
 			case 1:
@@ -840,7 +957,7 @@ func file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_init() {
 			}
 		}
 		file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[6].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
-			switch v := v.(*BlobSidecarsByRangeRequest); i {
+			switch v := v.(*MetaDataV2); i {
 			case 0:
 				return &v.state
 			case 1:
@@ -852,7 +969,7 @@ func file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_init() {
 			}
 		}
 		file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[7].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
-			switch v := v.(*DataColumnSidecarsByRangeRequest); i {
+			switch v := v.(*BlobSidecarsByRangeRequest); i {
 			case 0:
 				return &v.state
 			case 1:
@@ -864,6 +981,18 @@ func file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_init() {
 			}
 		}
 		file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[8].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*DataColumnSidecarsByRangeRequest); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_msgTypes[9].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
 			switch v := v.(*LightClientUpdatesByRangeRequest); i {
 			case 0:
 				return &v.state
@@ -882,7 +1011,7 @@ func file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_init() {
 			GoPackagePath: reflect.TypeOf(x{}).PkgPath(),
 			RawDescriptor: file_proto_prysm_v1alpha1_p2p_messages_proto_rawDesc,
 			NumEnums:      0,
-			NumMessages:   9,
+			NumMessages:   10,
 			NumExtensions: 0,
 			NumServices:   0,
 		},

proto/prysm/v1alpha1/p2p_messages.proto

@@ -26,6 +26,24 @@ message Status {
   ];
 }
 
+message StatusV2 {
+  bytes fork_digest = 1 [(ethereum.eth.ext.ssz_size) = "4"];
+  bytes finalized_root = 2 [(ethereum.eth.ext.ssz_size) = "32"];
+  uint64 finalized_epoch = 3 [
+    (ethereum.eth.ext.cast_type) =
+        "github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/consensus-types/primitives.Epoch"
+  ];
+  bytes head_root = 4 [(ethereum.eth.ext.ssz_size) = "32"];
+  uint64 head_slot = 5 [
+    (ethereum.eth.ext.cast_type) =
+        "github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/consensus-types/primitives.Slot"
+  ];
+   uint64 earliest_available_slot = 6 [
+    (ethereum.eth.ext.cast_type) =
+        "github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/consensus-types/primitives.Slot"
+  ];
+}
+
 message BeaconBlocksByRangeRequest {
   uint64 start_slot = 1 [
     (ethereum.eth.ext.cast_type) =

testing/endtoend/components/validator.go

@@ -248,6 +248,9 @@ func (v *ValidatorNode) Start(ctx context.Context) error {
 		args = append(args,
 			fmt.Sprintf("--%s=http://localhost:%d", flags.BeaconRESTApiProviderFlag.Name, beaconRestApiPort),
 			fmt.Sprintf("--%s", features.EnableBeaconRESTApi.Name))
+		if v.config.UseSSZOnly {
+			args = append(args, fmt.Sprintf("--%s", features.SSZOnly.Name))
+		}
 	}
 
 	// Only apply e2e flags to the current branch. New flags may not exist in previous release.

testing/endtoend/minimal_scenario_e2e_test.go

@@ -29,6 +29,10 @@ func TestEndToEnd_MinimalConfig_ValidatorRESTApi(t *testing.T) {
 	e2eMinimal(t, types.InitForkCfg(version.Bellatrix, version.Electra, params.E2ETestConfig()), types.WithCheckpointSync(), types.WithValidatorRESTApi()).run()
 }
 
+func TestEndToEnd_MinimalConfig_ValidatorRESTApi_SSZ(t *testing.T) {
+	e2eMinimal(t, types.InitForkCfg(version.Bellatrix, version.Electra, params.E2ETestConfig()), types.WithCheckpointSync(), types.WithValidatorRESTApi(), types.WithSSZOnly()).run()
+}
+
 func TestEndToEnd_ScenarioRun_EEOffline(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Skip("TODO(#10242) Prysm is current unable to handle an offline e2e")
 	cfg := types.InitForkCfg(version.Bellatrix, version.Deneb, params.E2ETestConfig())

testing/endtoend/types/types.go

@@ -51,6 +51,12 @@ func WithValidatorRESTApi() E2EConfigOpt {
 	}
 }
 
+func WithSSZOnly() E2EConfigOpt {
+	return func(cfg *E2EConfig) {
+		cfg.UseSSZOnly = true
+	}
+}
+
 func WithBuilder() E2EConfigOpt {
 	return func(cfg *E2EConfig) {
 		cfg.UseBuilder = true
@@ -70,6 +76,7 @@ type E2EConfig struct {
 	UseFixedPeerIDs         bool
 	UseValidatorCrossClient bool
 	UseBeaconRestApi        bool
+	UseSSZOnly              bool
 	UseBuilder              bool
 	EpochsToRun             uint64
 	Seed                    int64

testing/util/BUILD.bazel

@@ -70,7 +70,6 @@ go_library(
         "//testing/require:go_default_library",
         "//time/slots:go_default_library",
         "@com_github_crate_crypto_go_kzg_4844//:go_default_library",
-        "@com_github_ethereum_c_kzg_4844//bindings/go:go_default_library",
         "@com_github_ethereum_go_ethereum//common:go_default_library",
         "@com_github_ethereum_go_ethereum//common/hexutil:go_default_library",
         "@com_github_ethereum_go_ethereum//core/types:go_default_library",

testing/util/data_column.go

@@ -3,80 +3,91 @@ package util
 import (
 	"testing"
 
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/beacon-chain/blockchain/kzg"
 	fieldparams "github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/config/fieldparams"
-	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/config/params"
 	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/consensus-types/blocks"
 	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/consensus-types/primitives"
 	ethpb "github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/proto/prysm/v1alpha1"
-	ckzg4844 "github.com/ethereum/c-kzg-4844/v2/bindings/go"
 )
 
 type (
-	DataColumnParams struct {
-		Slot           primitives.Slot
-		ColumnIndex    uint64
-		KzgCommitments [][]byte
-		DataColumn     []byte // A whole data cell will be filled with the content of one item of this slice.
-	}
+	// DataColumnParam is a struct that holds parameters for creating test RODataColumn and VerifiedRODataColumn sidecars.
+	DataColumnParam struct {
+		Index                        uint64
+		Column                       [][]byte
+		KzgCommitments               [][]byte
+		KzgProofs                    [][]byte
+		KzgCommitmentsInclusionProof [][]byte
 
-	DataColumnsParamsByRoot map[[fieldparams.RootLength]byte][]DataColumnParams
+		// Part of the beacon block header.
+		Slot          primitives.Slot
+		ProposerIndex primitives.ValidatorIndex
+		ParentRoot    []byte
+		StateRoot     []byte
+		BodyRoot      []byte
+	}
 )
 
-func CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(t *testing.T, dataColumnParamsByBlockRoot DataColumnsParamsByRoot) ([]blocks.RODataColumn, []blocks.VerifiedRODataColumn) {
-	params.SetupTestConfigCleanup(t)
-	cfg := params.BeaconConfig().Copy()
-	cfg.FuluForkEpoch = 0
-	params.OverrideBeaconConfig(cfg)
-
-	count := 0
-	for _, indices := range dataColumnParamsByBlockRoot {
-		count += len(indices)
-	}
+// CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars creates test RODataColumn and VerifiedRODataColumn sidecars for testing purposes.
+func CreateTestVerifiedRoDataColumnSidecars(t *testing.T, params []DataColumnParam) ([]blocks.RODataColumn, []blocks.VerifiedRODataColumn) {
+	const (
+		kzgCommitmentsInclusionProofSize = 4
+		proofSize                        = 32
+	)
 
+	count := len(params)
 	verifiedRoDataColumnSidecars := make([]blocks.VerifiedRODataColumn, 0, count)
 	rodataColumnSidecars := make([]blocks.RODataColumn, 0, count)
-	for blockRoot, params := range dataColumnParamsByBlockRoot {
-		for _, param := range params {
-			dataColumn := make([][]byte, 0, len(param.DataColumn))
-			for _, value := range param.DataColumn {
-				cell := make([]byte, ckzg4844.BytesPerCell)
-				for i := range ckzg4844.BytesPerCell {
-					cell[i] = value
-				}
-				dataColumn = append(dataColumn, cell)
-			}
 
-			kzgCommitmentsInclusionProof := make([][]byte, 4)
-			for i := range kzgCommitmentsInclusionProof {
-				kzgCommitmentsInclusionProof[i] = make([]byte, 32)
-			}
+	for _, param := range params {
+		var parentRoot, stateRoot, bodyRoot [fieldparams.RootLength]byte
+		copy(parentRoot[:], param.ParentRoot)
+		copy(stateRoot[:], param.StateRoot)
+		copy(bodyRoot[:], param.BodyRoot)
 
-			dataColumnSidecar := &ethpb.DataColumnSidecar{
-				Index:                        param.ColumnIndex,
-				KzgCommitments:               param.KzgCommitments,
-				Column:                       dataColumn,
-				KzgCommitmentsInclusionProof: kzgCommitmentsInclusionProof,
-				SignedBlockHeader: &ethpb.SignedBeaconBlockHeader{
-					Header: &ethpb.BeaconBlockHeader{
-						Slot:       param.Slot,
-						ParentRoot: make([]byte, fieldparams.RootLength),
-						StateRoot:  make([]byte, fieldparams.RootLength),
-						BodyRoot:   make([]byte, fieldparams.RootLength),
-					},
-					Signature: make([]byte, fieldparams.BLSSignatureLength),
-				},
-			}
-
-			roDataColumnSidecar, err := blocks.NewRODataColumnWithRoot(dataColumnSidecar, blockRoot)
-			if err != nil {
-				t.Fatal(err)
-			}
-
-			rodataColumnSidecars = append(rodataColumnSidecars, roDataColumnSidecar)
-
-			verifiedRoDataColumnSidecar := blocks.NewVerifiedRODataColumn(roDataColumnSidecar)
-			verifiedRoDataColumnSidecars = append(verifiedRoDataColumnSidecars, verifiedRoDataColumnSidecar)
+		column := make([][]byte, 0, len(param.Column))
+		for _, cell := range param.Column {
+			var completeCell [kzg.BytesPerCell]byte
+			copy(completeCell[:], cell)
+			column = append(column, completeCell[:])
 		}
+
+		kzgCommitmentsInclusionProof := make([][]byte, 0, kzgCommitmentsInclusionProofSize)
+		for range kzgCommitmentsInclusionProofSize {
+			kzgCommitmentsInclusionProof = append(kzgCommitmentsInclusionProof, make([]byte, proofSize))
+		}
+
+		for i, proof := range param.KzgCommitmentsInclusionProof {
+			copy(kzgCommitmentsInclusionProof[i], proof)
+		}
+
+		dataColumnSidecar := &ethpb.DataColumnSidecar{
+			Index:          param.Index,
+			Column:         column,
+			KzgCommitments: param.KzgCommitments,
+			KzgProofs:      param.KzgProofs,
+			SignedBlockHeader: &ethpb.SignedBeaconBlockHeader{
+				Header: &ethpb.BeaconBlockHeader{
+					Slot:          param.Slot,
+					ProposerIndex: param.ProposerIndex,
+					ParentRoot:    parentRoot[:],
+					StateRoot:     stateRoot[:],
+					BodyRoot:      bodyRoot[:],
+				},
+				Signature: make([]byte, fieldparams.BLSSignatureLength),
+			},
+			KzgCommitmentsInclusionProof: kzgCommitmentsInclusionProof,
+		}
+
+		roDataColumnSidecar, err := blocks.NewRODataColumn(dataColumnSidecar)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		rodataColumnSidecars = append(rodataColumnSidecars, roDataColumnSidecar)
+
+		verifiedRoDataColumnSidecar := blocks.NewVerifiedRODataColumn(roDataColumnSidecar)
+		verifiedRoDataColumnSidecars = append(verifiedRoDataColumnSidecars, verifiedRoDataColumnSidecar)
 	}
 
 	return rodataColumnSidecars, verifiedRoDataColumnSidecars

validator/accounts/cli_manager.go

@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ func (acm *CLIManager) prepareBeaconClients(ctx context.Context) (*iface.Validat
 		acm.beaconApiTimeout,
 	)
 
-	restHandler := beaconApi.NewBeaconApiJsonRestHandler(
+	restHandler := beaconApi.NewBeaconApiRestHandler(
 		http.Client{Timeout: acm.beaconApiTimeout},
 		acm.beaconApiEndpoint,
 	)

validator/client/beacon-api/BUILD.bazel

@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ go_library(
         "genesis.go",
         "get_beacon_block.go",
         "index.go",
-        "json_rest_handler.go",
         "log.go",
         "metrics.go",
         "prepare_beacon_proposer.go",
@@ -27,6 +26,7 @@ go_library(
         "propose_exit.go",
         "prysm_beacon_chain_client.go",
         "registration.go",
+        "rest_handler_client.go",
         "state_validators.go",
         "status.go",
         "stream_blocks.go",
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ go_library(
         "//api/server/structs:go_default_library",
         "//beacon-chain/core/helpers:go_default_library",
         "//beacon-chain/core/signing:go_default_library",
+        "//config/features:go_default_library",
         "//config/fieldparams:go_default_library",
         "//config/params:go_default_library",
         "//consensus-types/primitives:go_default_library",
@@ -91,7 +92,6 @@ go_test(
         "genesis_test.go",
         "get_beacon_block_test.go",
         "index_test.go",
-        "json_rest_handler_test.go",
         "prepare_beacon_proposer_test.go",
         "propose_attestation_test.go",
         "propose_beacon_block_altair_test.go",
@@ -110,6 +110,7 @@ go_test(
         "propose_exit_test.go",
         "prysm_beacon_chain_client_test.go",
         "registration_test.go",
+        "rest_handler_client_test.go",
         "state_validators_test.go",
         "status_test.go",
         "stream_blocks_test.go",
@@ -128,6 +129,7 @@ go_test(
         "//api/server/structs:go_default_library",
         "//beacon-chain/core/helpers:go_default_library",
         "//beacon-chain/rpc/eth/shared/testing:go_default_library",
+        "//config/features:go_default_library",
         "//config/params:go_default_library",
         "//consensus-types/primitives:go_default_library",
         "//consensus-types/validator:go_default_library",
@@ -145,6 +147,8 @@ go_test(
         "@com_github_ethereum_go_ethereum//common/hexutil:go_default_library",
         "@com_github_golang_protobuf//ptypes/empty",
         "@com_github_pkg_errors//:go_default_library",
+        "@com_github_sirupsen_logrus//:go_default_library",
+        "@com_github_sirupsen_logrus//hooks/test:go_default_library",
         "@org_golang_google_protobuf//types/known/emptypb:go_default_library",
         "@org_golang_google_protobuf//types/known/timestamppb:go_default_library",
         "@org_uber_go_mock//gomock:go_default_library",

validator/client/beacon-api/beacon_api_beacon_chain_client.go

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ import (
 
 type beaconApiChainClient struct {
 	fallbackClient          iface.ChainClient
-	jsonRestHandler         JsonRestHandler
+	jsonRestHandler         RestHandler
 	stateValidatorsProvider StateValidatorsProvider
 }
 
@@ -333,7 +333,7 @@ func (c beaconApiChainClient) ValidatorParticipation(ctx context.Context, in *et
 	return nil, errors.New("beaconApiChainClient.ValidatorParticipation is not implemented. To use a fallback client, pass a fallback client as the last argument of NewBeaconApiChainClientWithFallback.")
 }
 
-func NewBeaconApiChainClientWithFallback(jsonRestHandler JsonRestHandler, fallbackClient iface.ChainClient) iface.ChainClient {
+func NewBeaconApiChainClientWithFallback(jsonRestHandler RestHandler, fallbackClient iface.ChainClient) iface.ChainClient {
 	return &beaconApiChainClient{
 		jsonRestHandler:         jsonRestHandler,
 		fallbackClient:          fallbackClient,

validator/client/beacon-api/beacon_api_node_client.go

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ var (
 
 type beaconApiNodeClient struct {
 	fallbackClient  iface.NodeClient
-	jsonRestHandler JsonRestHandler
+	jsonRestHandler RestHandler
 	genesisProvider GenesisProvider
 	healthTracker   health.Tracker
 }
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ func (c *beaconApiNodeClient) HealthTracker() health.Tracker {
 	return c.healthTracker
 }
 
-func NewNodeClientWithFallback(jsonRestHandler JsonRestHandler, fallbackClient iface.NodeClient) iface.NodeClient {
+func NewNodeClientWithFallback(jsonRestHandler RestHandler, fallbackClient iface.NodeClient) iface.NodeClient {
 	b := &beaconApiNodeClient{
 		jsonRestHandler: jsonRestHandler,
 		fallbackClient:  fallbackClient,

validator/client/beacon-api/beacon_api_validator_client.go

@@ -22,13 +22,13 @@ type beaconApiValidatorClient struct {
 	genesisProvider         GenesisProvider
 	dutiesProvider          dutiesProvider
 	stateValidatorsProvider StateValidatorsProvider
-	jsonRestHandler         JsonRestHandler
+	jsonRestHandler         RestHandler
 	beaconBlockConverter    BeaconBlockConverter
 	prysmChainClient        iface.PrysmChainClient
 	isEventStreamRunning    bool
 }
 
-func NewBeaconApiValidatorClient(jsonRestHandler JsonRestHandler, opts ...ValidatorClientOpt) iface.ValidatorClient {
+func NewBeaconApiValidatorClient(jsonRestHandler RestHandler, opts ...ValidatorClientOpt) iface.ValidatorClient {
 	c := &beaconApiValidatorClient{
 		genesisProvider:         &beaconApiGenesisProvider{jsonRestHandler: jsonRestHandler},
 		dutiesProvider:          beaconApiDutiesProvider{jsonRestHandler: jsonRestHandler},

validator/client/beacon-api/duties.go

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ type dutiesProvider interface {
 }
 
 type beaconApiDutiesProvider struct {
-	jsonRestHandler JsonRestHandler
+	jsonRestHandler RestHandler
 }
 
 type attesterDuty struct {

validator/client/beacon-api/genesis.go

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ type GenesisProvider interface {
 }
 
 type beaconApiGenesisProvider struct {
-	jsonRestHandler JsonRestHandler
+	jsonRestHandler RestHandler
 	genesis         *structs.Genesis
 	once            sync.Once
 }

validator/client/beacon-api/get_beacon_block.go

@@ -6,7 +6,10 @@ import (
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
 	neturl "net/url"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
 
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/api"
 	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/api/apiutil"
 	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/api/server/structs"
 	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/consensus-types/primitives"
@@ -22,160 +25,224 @@ func (c *beaconApiValidatorClient) beaconBlock(ctx context.Context, slot primiti
 	if len(graffiti) > 0 {
 		queryParams.Add("graffiti", hexutil.Encode(graffiti))
 	}
-
 	queryUrl := apiutil.BuildURL(fmt.Sprintf("/eth/v3/validator/blocks/%d", slot), queryParams)
-	produceBlockV3ResponseJson := structs.ProduceBlockV3Response{}
-	err := c.jsonRestHandler.Get(ctx, queryUrl, &produceBlockV3ResponseJson)
+	data, header, err := c.jsonRestHandler.GetSSZ(ctx, queryUrl)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-
-	return processBlockResponse(
-		produceBlockV3ResponseJson.Version,
-		produceBlockV3ResponseJson.ExecutionPayloadBlinded,
-		json.NewDecoder(bytes.NewReader(produceBlockV3ResponseJson.Data)),
-	)
+	if strings.Contains(header.Get("Content-Type"), api.OctetStreamMediaType) {
+		ver, err := version.FromString(header.Get(api.VersionHeader))
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, errors.Wrap(err, fmt.Sprintf("unsupported header version %s", header.Get(api.VersionHeader)))
+		}
+		isBlindedRaw := header.Get(api.ExecutionPayloadBlindedHeader)
+		isBlinded, err := strconv.ParseBool(isBlindedRaw)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		return processBlockSSZResponse(ver, data, isBlinded)
+	} else {
+		decoder := json.NewDecoder(bytes.NewBuffer(data))
+		produceBlockV3ResponseJson := structs.ProduceBlockV3Response{}
+		if err = decoder.Decode(&produceBlockV3ResponseJson); err != nil {
+			return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "failed to decode response body into json for %s", queryUrl)
+		}
+		return processBlockJSONResponse(
+			produceBlockV3ResponseJson.Version,
+			produceBlockV3ResponseJson.ExecutionPayloadBlinded,
+			json.NewDecoder(bytes.NewReader(produceBlockV3ResponseJson.Data)),
+		)
+	}
 }
 
-// nolint: gocognit
-func processBlockResponse(ver string, isBlinded bool, decoder *json.Decoder) (*ethpb.GenericBeaconBlock, error) {
-	var response *ethpb.GenericBeaconBlock
+func processBlockSSZResponse(ver int, data []byte, isBlinded bool) (*ethpb.GenericBeaconBlock, error) {
+	if ver >= version.Fulu {
+		return processBlockSSZResponseFulu(data, isBlinded)
+	}
+	if ver >= version.Electra {
+		return processBlockSSZResponseElectra(data, isBlinded)
+	}
+	if ver >= version.Deneb {
+		return processBlockSSZResponseDeneb(data, isBlinded)
+	}
+	if ver >= version.Capella {
+		return processBlockSSZResponseCapella(data, isBlinded)
+	}
+	if ver >= version.Bellatrix {
+		return processBlockSSZResponseBellatrix(data, isBlinded)
+	}
+	if ver >= version.Altair {
+		block := &ethpb.BeaconBlockAltair{}
+		if err := block.UnmarshalSSZ(data); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		return &ethpb.GenericBeaconBlock{Block: &ethpb.GenericBeaconBlock_Altair{Altair: block}}, nil
+	}
+	if ver >= version.Phase0 {
+		block := &ethpb.BeaconBlock{}
+		if err := block.UnmarshalSSZ(data); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		return &ethpb.GenericBeaconBlock{Block: &ethpb.GenericBeaconBlock_Phase0{Phase0: block}}, nil
+	}
+	return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported block version %s", version.String(ver))
+}
+
+func processBlockSSZResponseFulu(data []byte, isBlinded bool) (*ethpb.GenericBeaconBlock, error) {
+	if isBlinded {
+		blindedBlock := &ethpb.BlindedBeaconBlockFulu{}
+		if err := blindedBlock.UnmarshalSSZ(data); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		return &ethpb.GenericBeaconBlock{Block: &ethpb.GenericBeaconBlock_BlindedFulu{BlindedFulu: blindedBlock}, IsBlinded: true}, nil
+	}
+	block := &ethpb.BeaconBlockContentsFulu{}
+	if err := block.UnmarshalSSZ(data); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &ethpb.GenericBeaconBlock{Block: &ethpb.GenericBeaconBlock_Fulu{Fulu: block}}, nil
+}
+
+func processBlockSSZResponseElectra(data []byte, isBlinded bool) (*ethpb.GenericBeaconBlock, error) {
+	if isBlinded {
+		blindedBlock := &ethpb.BlindedBeaconBlockElectra{}
+		if err := blindedBlock.UnmarshalSSZ(data); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		return &ethpb.GenericBeaconBlock{Block: &ethpb.GenericBeaconBlock_BlindedElectra{BlindedElectra: blindedBlock}, IsBlinded: true}, nil
+	}
+	block := &ethpb.BeaconBlockContentsElectra{}
+	if err := block.UnmarshalSSZ(data); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &ethpb.GenericBeaconBlock{Block: &ethpb.GenericBeaconBlock_Electra{Electra: block}}, nil
+}
+
+func processBlockSSZResponseDeneb(data []byte, isBlinded bool) (*ethpb.GenericBeaconBlock, error) {
+	if isBlinded {
+		blindedBlock := &ethpb.BlindedBeaconBlockDeneb{}
+		if err := blindedBlock.UnmarshalSSZ(data); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		return &ethpb.GenericBeaconBlock{Block: &ethpb.GenericBeaconBlock_BlindedDeneb{BlindedDeneb: blindedBlock}, IsBlinded: true}, nil
+	}
+	block := &ethpb.BeaconBlockContentsDeneb{}
+	if err := block.UnmarshalSSZ(data); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &ethpb.GenericBeaconBlock{Block: &ethpb.GenericBeaconBlock_Deneb{Deneb: block}}, nil
+}
+
+func processBlockSSZResponseCapella(data []byte, isBlinded bool) (*ethpb.GenericBeaconBlock, error) {
+	if isBlinded {
+		blindedBlock := &ethpb.BlindedBeaconBlockCapella{}
+		if err := blindedBlock.UnmarshalSSZ(data); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		return &ethpb.GenericBeaconBlock{Block: &ethpb.GenericBeaconBlock_BlindedCapella{BlindedCapella: blindedBlock}, IsBlinded: true}, nil
+	}
+	block := &ethpb.BeaconBlockCapella{}
+	if err := block.UnmarshalSSZ(data); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &ethpb.GenericBeaconBlock{Block: &ethpb.GenericBeaconBlock_Capella{Capella: block}}, nil
+}
+
+func processBlockSSZResponseBellatrix(data []byte, isBlinded bool) (*ethpb.GenericBeaconBlock, error) {
+	if isBlinded {
+		blindedBlock := &ethpb.BlindedBeaconBlockBellatrix{}
+		if err := blindedBlock.UnmarshalSSZ(data); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		return &ethpb.GenericBeaconBlock{Block: &ethpb.GenericBeaconBlock_BlindedBellatrix{BlindedBellatrix: blindedBlock}, IsBlinded: true}, nil
+	}
+	block := &ethpb.BeaconBlockBellatrix{}
+	if err := block.UnmarshalSSZ(data); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &ethpb.GenericBeaconBlock{Block: &ethpb.GenericBeaconBlock_Bellatrix{Bellatrix: block}}, nil
+}
+
+func convertBlockToGeneric(decoder *json.Decoder, dest ethpb.GenericConverter, version string, isBlinded bool) (*ethpb.GenericBeaconBlock, error) {
+	typeName := version
+	if isBlinded {
+		typeName = "blinded " + typeName
+	}
+
+	if err := decoder.Decode(dest); err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "failed to decode %s block response json", typeName)
+	}
+
+	genericBlock, err := dest.ToGeneric()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "failed to convert %s block", typeName)
+	}
+	return genericBlock, nil
+}
+
+func processBlockJSONResponse(ver string, isBlinded bool, decoder *json.Decoder) (*ethpb.GenericBeaconBlock, error) {
 	if decoder == nil {
 		return nil, errors.New("no produce block json decoder found")
 	}
+
 	switch ver {
 	case version.String(version.Phase0):
-		jsonPhase0Block := structs.BeaconBlock{}
-		if err := decoder.Decode(&jsonPhase0Block); err != nil {
-			return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "failed to decode phase0 block response json")
-		}
-		genericBlock, err := jsonPhase0Block.ToGeneric()
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "failed to get phase0 block")
-		}
-		response = genericBlock
+		return convertBlockToGeneric(decoder, &structs.BeaconBlock{}, version.String(version.Phase0), false)
+
 	case version.String(version.Altair):
-		jsonAltairBlock := structs.BeaconBlockAltair{}
-		if err := decoder.Decode(&jsonAltairBlock); err != nil {
-			return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "failed to decode altair block response json")
-		}
-		genericBlock, err := jsonAltairBlock.ToGeneric()
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "failed to get altair block")
-		}
-		response = genericBlock
+		return convertBlockToGeneric(decoder, &structs.BeaconBlockAltair{}, "altair", false)
+
 	case version.String(version.Bellatrix):
-		if isBlinded {
-			jsonBellatrixBlock := structs.BlindedBeaconBlockBellatrix{}
-			if err := decoder.Decode(&jsonBellatrixBlock); err != nil {
-				return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "failed to decode blinded bellatrix block response json")
-			}
-			genericBlock, err := jsonBellatrixBlock.ToGeneric()
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "failed to get blinded bellatrix block")
-			}
-			response = genericBlock
-		} else {
-			jsonBellatrixBlock := structs.BeaconBlockBellatrix{}
-			if err := decoder.Decode(&jsonBellatrixBlock); err != nil {
-				return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "failed to decode bellatrix block response json")
-			}
-			genericBlock, err := jsonBellatrixBlock.ToGeneric()
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "failed to get bellatrix block")
-			}
-			response = genericBlock
-		}
+		return processBellatrixBlock(decoder, isBlinded)
+
 	case version.String(version.Capella):
-		if isBlinded {
-			jsonCapellaBlock := structs.BlindedBeaconBlockCapella{}
-			if err := decoder.Decode(&jsonCapellaBlock); err != nil {
-				return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "failed to decode blinded capella block response json")
-			}
-			genericBlock, err := jsonCapellaBlock.ToGeneric()
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "failed to get blinded capella block")
-			}
-			response = genericBlock
-		} else {
-			jsonCapellaBlock := structs.BeaconBlockCapella{}
-			if err := decoder.Decode(&jsonCapellaBlock); err != nil {
-				return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "failed to decode capella block response json")
-			}
-			genericBlock, err := jsonCapellaBlock.ToGeneric()
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "failed to get capella block")
-			}
-			response = genericBlock
-		}
+		return processCapellaBlock(decoder, isBlinded)
+
 	case version.String(version.Deneb):
-		if isBlinded {
-			jsonDenebBlock := structs.BlindedBeaconBlockDeneb{}
-			if err := decoder.Decode(&jsonDenebBlock); err != nil {
-				return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "failed to decode blinded deneb block response json")
-			}
-			genericBlock, err := jsonDenebBlock.ToGeneric()
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "failed to get blinded deneb block")
-			}
-			response = genericBlock
-		} else {
-			jsonDenebBlockContents := structs.BeaconBlockContentsDeneb{}
-			if err := decoder.Decode(&jsonDenebBlockContents); err != nil {
-				return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "failed to decode deneb block response json")
-			}
-			genericBlock, err := jsonDenebBlockContents.ToGeneric()
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "failed to get deneb block")
-			}
-			response = genericBlock
-		}
+		return processDenebBlock(decoder, isBlinded)
+
 	case version.String(version.Electra):
-		if isBlinded {
-			jsonElectraBlock := structs.BlindedBeaconBlockElectra{}
-			if err := decoder.Decode(&jsonElectraBlock); err != nil {
-				return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "failed to decode blinded electra block response json")
-			}
-			genericBlock, err := jsonElectraBlock.ToGeneric()
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "failed to get blinded electra block")
-			}
-			response = genericBlock
-		} else {
-			jsonElectraBlockContents := structs.BeaconBlockContentsElectra{}
-			if err := decoder.Decode(&jsonElectraBlockContents); err != nil {
-				return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "failed to decode electra block response json")
-			}
-			genericBlock, err := jsonElectraBlockContents.ToGeneric()
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "failed to get electra block")
-			}
-			response = genericBlock
-		}
+		return processElectraBlock(decoder, isBlinded)
+
 	case version.String(version.Fulu):
-		if isBlinded {
-			jsonFuluBlock := structs.BlindedBeaconBlockFulu{}
-			if err := decoder.Decode(&jsonFuluBlock); err != nil {
-				return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "failed to decode blinded fulu block response json")
-			}
-			genericBlock, err := jsonFuluBlock.ToGeneric()
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "failed to get blinded fulu block")
-			}
-			response = genericBlock
-		} else {
-			jsonFuluBlockContents := structs.BeaconBlockContentsFulu{}
-			if err := decoder.Decode(&jsonFuluBlockContents); err != nil {
-				return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "failed to decode fulu block response json")
-			}
-			genericBlock, err := jsonFuluBlockContents.ToGeneric()
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "failed to get fulu block")
-			}
-			response = genericBlock
-		}
+		return processFuluBlock(decoder, isBlinded)
+
 	default:
 		return nil, errors.Errorf("unsupported consensus version `%s`", ver)
 	}
-	return response, nil
+}
+
+func processBellatrixBlock(decoder *json.Decoder, isBlinded bool) (*ethpb.GenericBeaconBlock, error) {
+	if isBlinded {
+		return convertBlockToGeneric(decoder, &structs.BlindedBeaconBlockBellatrix{}, "bellatrix", true)
+	}
+	return convertBlockToGeneric(decoder, &structs.BeaconBlockBellatrix{}, "bellatrix", false)
+}
+
+func processCapellaBlock(decoder *json.Decoder, isBlinded bool) (*ethpb.GenericBeaconBlock, error) {
+	if isBlinded {
+		return convertBlockToGeneric(decoder, &structs.BlindedBeaconBlockCapella{}, "capella", true)
+	}
+	return convertBlockToGeneric(decoder, &structs.BeaconBlockCapella{}, "capella", false)
+}
+
+func processDenebBlock(decoder *json.Decoder, isBlinded bool) (*ethpb.GenericBeaconBlock, error) {
+	if isBlinded {
+		return convertBlockToGeneric(decoder, &structs.BlindedBeaconBlockDeneb{}, "deneb", true)
+	}
+	return convertBlockToGeneric(decoder, &structs.BeaconBlockContentsDeneb{}, "deneb", false)
+}
+
+func processElectraBlock(decoder *json.Decoder, isBlinded bool) (*ethpb.GenericBeaconBlock, error) {
+	if isBlinded {
+		return convertBlockToGeneric(decoder, &structs.BlindedBeaconBlockElectra{}, "electra", true)
+	}
+	return convertBlockToGeneric(decoder, &structs.BeaconBlockContentsElectra{}, "electra", false)
+}
+
+func processFuluBlock(decoder *json.Decoder, isBlinded bool) (*ethpb.GenericBeaconBlock, error) {
+	if isBlinded {
+		return convertBlockToGeneric(decoder, &structs.BlindedBeaconBlockFulu{}, "fulu", true)
+	}
+	return convertBlockToGeneric(decoder, &structs.BeaconBlockContentsFulu{}, "fulu", false)
 }

validator/client/beacon-api/mock/json_rest_handler_mock.go

@@ -56,6 +56,23 @@ func (mr *MockJsonRestHandlerMockRecorder) Get(ctx, endpoint, resp any) *gomock.
 	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "Get", reflect.TypeOf((*MockJsonRestHandler)(nil).Get), ctx, endpoint, resp)
 }
 
+
+// GetSSZ mocks base method.
+func (m *MockJsonRestHandler) GetSSZ(ctx context.Context, endpoint string) ([]byte, http.Header, error) {
+	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "GetSSZ", ctx, endpoint)
+	ret0, _ := ret[0].([]byte)
+	ret1, _ := ret[1].(http.Header)
+	ret2, _ := ret[2].(error)
+	return ret0, ret1, ret2
+}
+
+// GetSSZ indicates an expected call of GetSSZ.
+func (mr *MockJsonRestHandlerMockRecorder) GetSSZ(ctx, endpoint any) *gomock.Call {
+	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "GetSSZ", reflect.TypeOf((*MockJsonRestHandler)(nil).GetSSZ), ctx, endpoint)
+}
+
 // Host mocks base method.
 func (m *MockJsonRestHandler) Host() string {
 	m.ctrl.T.Helper()

validator/client/beacon-api/prysm_beacon_chain_client.go

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 // NewPrysmChainClient returns implementation of iface.PrysmChainClient.
-func NewPrysmChainClient(jsonRestHandler JsonRestHandler, nodeClient iface.NodeClient) iface.PrysmChainClient {
+func NewPrysmChainClient(jsonRestHandler RestHandler, nodeClient iface.NodeClient) iface.PrysmChainClient {
 	return prysmChainClient{
 		jsonRestHandler: jsonRestHandler,
 		nodeClient:      nodeClient,
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ func NewPrysmChainClient(jsonRestHandler JsonRestHandler, nodeClient iface.NodeC
 }
 
 type prysmChainClient struct {
-	jsonRestHandler JsonRestHandler
+	jsonRestHandler RestHandler
 	nodeClient      iface.NodeClient
 }
 

validator/client/beacon-api/rest_handler_client.go

@@ -4,49 +4,53 @@ import (
 	"bytes"
 	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"net/http"
 	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/api"
+	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/config/features"
 	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/network/httputil"
 	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
-type JsonRestHandler interface {
+type RestHandler interface {
 	Get(ctx context.Context, endpoint string, resp interface{}) error
+	GetSSZ(ctx context.Context, endpoint string) ([]byte, http.Header, error)
 	Post(ctx context.Context, endpoint string, headers map[string]string, data *bytes.Buffer, resp interface{}) error
 	HttpClient() *http.Client
 	Host() string
 	SetHost(host string)
 }
 
-type BeaconApiJsonRestHandler struct {
+type BeaconApiRestHandler struct {
 	client http.Client
 	host   string
 }
 
-// NewBeaconApiJsonRestHandler returns a JsonRestHandler
-func NewBeaconApiJsonRestHandler(client http.Client, host string) JsonRestHandler {
-	return &BeaconApiJsonRestHandler{
+// NewBeaconApiRestHandler returns a RestHandler
+func NewBeaconApiRestHandler(client http.Client, host string) RestHandler {
+	return &BeaconApiRestHandler{
 		client: client,
 		host:   host,
 	}
 }
 
 // HttpClient returns the underlying HTTP client of the handler
-func (c *BeaconApiJsonRestHandler) HttpClient() *http.Client {
+func (c *BeaconApiRestHandler) HttpClient() *http.Client {
 	return &c.client
 }
 
 // Host returns the underlying HTTP host
-func (c *BeaconApiJsonRestHandler) Host() string {
+func (c *BeaconApiRestHandler) Host() string {
 	return c.host
 }
 
 // Get sends a GET request and decodes the response body as a JSON object into the passed in object.
 // If an HTTP error is returned, the body is decoded as a DefaultJsonError JSON object and returned as the first return value.
-func (c *BeaconApiJsonRestHandler) Get(ctx context.Context, endpoint string, resp interface{}) error {
+func (c *BeaconApiRestHandler) Get(ctx context.Context, endpoint string, resp interface{}) error {
 	url := c.host + endpoint
 	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodGet, url, nil)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -66,9 +70,61 @@ func (c *BeaconApiJsonRestHandler) Get(ctx context.Context, endpoint string, res
 	return decodeResp(httpResp, resp)
 }
 
+func (c *BeaconApiRestHandler) GetSSZ(ctx context.Context, endpoint string) ([]byte, http.Header, error) {
+	url := c.host + endpoint
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodGet, url, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "failed to create request for endpoint %s", url)
+	}
+	primaryAcceptType := fmt.Sprintf("%s;q=%s", api.OctetStreamMediaType, "0.95")
+	secondaryAcceptType := fmt.Sprintf("%s;q=%s", api.JsonMediaType, "0.9")
+	acceptHeaderString := fmt.Sprintf("%s,%s", primaryAcceptType, secondaryAcceptType)
+	if features.Get().SSZOnly {
+		acceptHeaderString = api.OctetStreamMediaType
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("Accept", acceptHeaderString)
+	httpResp, err := c.client.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "failed to perform request for endpoint %s", url)
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		if err := httpResp.Body.Close(); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+	}()
+	contentType := httpResp.Header.Get("Content-Type")
+	body, err := io.ReadAll(httpResp.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "failed to read response body for %s", httpResp.Request.URL)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(primaryAcceptType, contentType) {
+		log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
+			"primaryAcceptType":   primaryAcceptType,
+			"secondaryAcceptType": secondaryAcceptType,
+			"receivedAcceptType":  contentType,
+		}).Debug("Server responded with non primary accept type")
+	}
+
+	// non-2XX codes are a failure
+	if !strings.HasPrefix(httpResp.Status, "2") {
+		decoder := json.NewDecoder(bytes.NewBuffer(body))
+		errorJson := &httputil.DefaultJsonError{}
+		if err = decoder.Decode(errorJson); err != nil {
+			return nil, nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "failed to decode response body into error json for %s", httpResp.Request.URL)
+		}
+		return nil, nil, errorJson
+	}
+
+	if features.Get().SSZOnly && contentType != api.OctetStreamMediaType {
+		return nil, nil, errors.Errorf("server responded with non primary accept type %s", contentType)
+	}
+
+	return body, httpResp.Header, nil
+}
+
 // Post sends a POST request and decodes the response body as a JSON object into the passed in object.
 // If an HTTP error is returned, the body is decoded as a DefaultJsonError JSON object and returned as the first return value.
-func (c *BeaconApiJsonRestHandler) Post(
+func (c *BeaconApiRestHandler) Post(
 	ctx context.Context,
 	apiEndpoint string,
 	headers map[string]string,
@@ -136,6 +192,6 @@ func decodeResp(httpResp *http.Response, resp interface{}) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (c *BeaconApiJsonRestHandler) SetHost(host string) {
+func (c *BeaconApiRestHandler) SetHost(host string) {
 	c.host = host
 }

validator/client/beacon-api/rest_handler_client_test.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package beacon_api
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
+	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"io"
 	"net/http"
@@ -15,6 +16,8 @@ import (
 	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/testing/assert"
 	"github.com/OffchainLabs/prysm/v6/testing/require"
 	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus/hooks/test"
 )
 
 func TestGet(t *testing.T) {
@@ -39,7 +42,7 @@ func TestGet(t *testing.T) {
 	server := httptest.NewServer(mux)
 	defer server.Close()
 
-	jsonRestHandler := BeaconApiJsonRestHandler{
+	jsonRestHandler := BeaconApiRestHandler{
 		client: http.Client{Timeout: time.Second * 5},
 		host:   server.URL,
 	}
@@ -48,6 +51,98 @@ func TestGet(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.DeepEqual(t, genesisJson, resp)
 }
 
+func TestGetSSZ(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	const endpoint = "/example/rest/api/ssz"
+	genesisJson := &structs.GetGenesisResponse{
+		Data: &structs.Genesis{
+			GenesisTime:           "123",
+			GenesisValidatorsRoot: "0x456",
+			GenesisForkVersion:    "0x789",
+		},
+	}
+
+	t.Run("Successful SSZ response", func(t *testing.T) {
+		expectedBody := []byte{10, 20, 30, 40}
+
+		mux := http.NewServeMux()
+		mux.HandleFunc(endpoint, func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+			assert.StringContains(t, api.OctetStreamMediaType, r.Header.Get("Accept"))
+			w.Header().Set("Content-Type", api.OctetStreamMediaType)
+			_, err := w.Write(expectedBody)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+		})
+		server := httptest.NewServer(mux)
+		defer server.Close()
+
+		jsonRestHandler := BeaconApiRestHandler{
+			client: http.Client{Timeout: time.Second * 5},
+			host:   server.URL,
+		}
+
+		body, header, err := jsonRestHandler.GetSSZ(ctx, endpoint)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.DeepEqual(t, expectedBody, body)
+		require.StringContains(t, api.OctetStreamMediaType, header.Get("Content-Type"))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Json Content-Type response", func(t *testing.T) {
+		logrus.SetLevel(logrus.DebugLevel)
+		defer logrus.SetLevel(logrus.InfoLevel) // reset it afterwards
+		logHook := test.NewGlobal()
+		mux := http.NewServeMux()
+		mux.HandleFunc(endpoint, func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+			assert.StringContains(t, api.OctetStreamMediaType, r.Header.Get("Accept"))
+			w.Header().Set("Content-Type", api.JsonMediaType)
+
+			marshalledJson, err := json.Marshal(genesisJson)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			_, err = w.Write(marshalledJson)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+		})
+		server := httptest.NewServer(mux)
+		defer server.Close()
+
+		jsonRestHandler := BeaconApiRestHandler{
+			client: http.Client{Timeout: time.Second * 5},
+			host:   server.URL,
+		}
+
+		body, header, err := jsonRestHandler.GetSSZ(ctx, endpoint)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.LogsContain(t, logHook, "Server responded with non primary accept type")
+		require.Equal(t, api.JsonMediaType, header.Get("Content-Type"))
+		resp := &structs.GetGenesisResponse{}
+		require.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal(body, resp))
+		require.Equal(t, "123", resp.Data.GenesisTime)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Wrong Content-Type response, doesn't error out and instead handled downstream", func(t *testing.T) {
+		logrus.SetLevel(logrus.DebugLevel)
+		defer logrus.SetLevel(logrus.InfoLevel) // reset it afterwards
+		logHook := test.NewGlobal()
+		mux := http.NewServeMux()
+		mux.HandleFunc(endpoint, func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+			assert.StringContains(t, api.OctetStreamMediaType, r.Header.Get("Accept"))
+			w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/plain") // Invalid content type
+			_, err := w.Write([]byte("some text"))
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+		})
+		server := httptest.NewServer(mux)
+		defer server.Close()
+
+		jsonRestHandler := BeaconApiRestHandler{
+			client: http.Client{Timeout: time.Second * 5},
+			host:   server.URL,
+		}
+
+		_, _, err := jsonRestHandler.GetSSZ(ctx, endpoint)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.LogsContain(t, logHook, "Server responded with non primary accept type")
+	})
+}
+
 func TestPost(t *testing.T) {
 	ctx := t.Context()
 	const endpoint = "/example/rest/api/endpoint"
@@ -85,7 +180,7 @@ func TestPost(t *testing.T) {
 	server := httptest.NewServer(mux)
 	defer server.Close()
 
-	jsonRestHandler := BeaconApiJsonRestHandler{
+	jsonRestHandler := BeaconApiRestHandler{
 		client: http.Client{Timeout: time.Second * 5},
 		host:   server.URL,
 	}

validator/client/beacon-api/state_validators.go

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ type StateValidatorsProvider interface {
 }
 
 type beaconApiStateValidatorsProvider struct {
-	jsonRestHandler JsonRestHandler
+	jsonRestHandler RestHandler
 }
 
 func (c beaconApiStateValidatorsProvider) StateValidators(