Fix stragglers

This commit is contained in:
Justin Ehrenhofer
2025-08-11 15:46:04 -05:00
parent bfd9e7d59b
commit 11d57551d6
14 changed files with 23 additions and 212 deletions

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title: Monero Pseudorandom Number Generator
parent: Cryptography in Monero
layout: redirected
sitemap: false
permalink: /cryptography/prng
redirect_to: https://docs.getmonero.org/cryptography/prng/
---
# Monero Pseudorandom Number Generator
Monero uses PRNG based on the Keccak hashing function.
Basically, output of the previous hashing round is input for the next one.
The initial seed comes from entropy sources provided by operating system.
On Linux and MacOS the seed comes from `/dev/urandom`.
On Windows the WinAPI `CryptGenRandom` call is used for seeding.
There is no reseeding.
## Caveats
* This concerns the reference C++ implementation of Monero.
Please note there are many alternative implementations of private key generation,
including JavaScript, Python, Android/Java. These should be researched case by case for correctness.
* In Monero source code you can also find libsodium based random bytes generator. It is part of the embedded library and apparently is not used in actual Monero code.
## Reference
* [Source code](https://github.com/monero-project/monero/blob/1a4298685aa9e694bc555ae69be59d14d3790465/src/crypto/random.c)
* [StackExchange answer](https://monero.stackexchange.com/a/2076/3218)

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title: monero-blockchain-export
parent: Interacting with Monero
layout: redirected
sitemap: false
permalink: /interacting/monero-blockchain-export
redirect_to: https://docs.getmonero.org/interacting/monero-blockchain-export-reference/
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# `monero-blockchain-export` - Reference
{: .note}
Nowadays, there is little usage for raw blockchain export / import. In the past the p2p blockchain download was much slower. Back than blockchain.raw file was used to speed up the process of bootstrapping a node.
## Overview
The tool dumps local blockchain to raw format, known as the `blockchain.raw` file.
This could be useful if you want to process blockchain efficiently with your custom tools,
as the raw format is probably easier to work with than Monero's custom lmdb database.
The tool works on your local copy of the blockchain. It does not require `monerod` running.
## Syntax
`./monero-blockchain-export [options]`
Example:
`./monero-blockchain-export --help`
## Running
Go to directory where you unpacked Monero.
`./monero-blockchain-export --stagenet --output-file=/tmp/blockchain.raw`
## Options
### Help
| Option | Description
|---------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| `--help` | Enlist available options.
### Pick network
| Option | Description
|---------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| (missing) | By default `monero-blockchain-export` assumes [mainnet](/infrastructure/networks#mainnet).
| `--stagenet` | Export [stagenet](/infrastructure/networks#stagenet) blockchain.
| `--testnet` | Export [testnet](/infrastructure/networks#testnet) blockchain.
### Logging
Specifying the log file path is not supported.
| Option | Description
|---------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| `--log-level` | `0-4` with `0` being minimal logging and `4` being full tracing. Defaults to `0`. These are general presets and do not directly map to severity levels. For example, even with minimal `0`, you may see some most important `INFO` entries. Example: <br />`./monero-blockchain-export --log-level=1`
### Input
| Option | Description
|----------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| `--data-dir` | Full path to data directory. This is where the blockchain, log files, and p2p network memory are stored. For defaults and details see [data directory](/interacting/overview/#data-directory).
| `--database`, `--db-type` | The default and only valid value is `lmdb`.
### Output
| Option | Description
|---------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| `--output-file` | Specify output file path. The default is `$DATA_DIR/export/blockchain.raw`. Example: <br />`./monero-blockchain-export --output-file=/tmp/blockchain.raw`
| `--blocksdat` | Output in blocks.dat format.
| `--block-stop` | Only export up to this block number. By default do the full export (value `0`).
## Reference
* [https://github.com/monero-project/monero/tree/master/src/blockchain_utilities](https://github.com/monero-project/monero/tree/master/src/blockchain_utilities)

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redirect_to: https://docs.getmonero.org/interacting/monero-blockchain-import/
redirect_to: https://docs.getmonero.org/interacting/monero-blockchain-import-reference/
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title: Monero Configuration File
parent: Interacting with Monero
layout: redirected
sitemap: false
permalink: /interacting/monero-config-file
redirect_to: https://docs.getmonero.org/interacting/monero-config-file/
---
# Monero Configuration File
## Applicability
By default Monero looks for `bitmonero.conf` in Monero [data directory](/interacting/overview#data-directory).
To use a specific config file add `--config-file` option:
`./monerod --config-file=/etc/monerod.conf`
The `--config-file` option is available for:
* `monerod`
* `monero-wallet-cli`
* `monero-wallet-rpc`
* `monero-gen-trusted-multisig`
## Syntax
* `option-name=value`
* `valueless-option-name=1` for options that don't expect value
* `# comment`
* whitespace is ignored
## Reference
All configuration options are the same as command line options for the binary.
* [monerod reference](/interacting/monerod)
* [monero-wallet-cli reference](/interacting/monero-wallet-cli)
* [monero-wallet-rpc reference](/interacting/monero-wallet-rpc)
Skip the `--` from `--option-name`.
Example:
`./monerod --log-level=4 --stagenet`
translates to:
log-level=4
stagenet=1 # use value "1" to enable the value-less options like --stagenet
## Examples
### `monerod.conf`
This config is tailored for production server usage.
# /etc/monero/monerod.conf
# Data directory (blockchain db and indices)
data-dir=/home/monero/.monero # Remember to create the monero user first
# Log file
log-file=/var/log/monero/monerod.log
max-log-file-size=0 # Prevent monerod from managing the log files; we want logrotate to take care of that
# P2P full node
p2p-bind-ip=0.0.0.0 # Bind to all interfaces (the default)
p2p-bind-port=18080 # Bind to default port
# RPC open node
rpc-bind-ip=0.0.0.0 # Bind to all interfaces
rpc-bind-port=18081 # Bind on default port
confirm-external-bind=1 # Open node (confirm)
restricted-rpc=1 # Prevent unsafe RPC calls
no-igd=1 # Disable UPnP port mapping
# Slow but reliable db writes
db-sync-mode=safe
# Emergency checkpoints set by MoneroPulse operators will be enforced to workaround potential consensus bugs
# Check https://getmonero.dev/infrastructure/monero-pulse/ for explanation and trade-offs
enforce-dns-checkpointing=1
out-peers=64 # This will enable much faster sync and tx awareness; the default 8 is suboptimal nowadays
in-peers=1024 # The default is unlimited; we prefer to put a cap on this
limit-rate-up=1048576 # 1048576 kB/s == 1GB/s; a raise from default 2048 kB/s; contribute more to p2p network
limit-rate-down=1048576 # 1048576 kB/s == 1GB/s; a raise from default 8192 kB/s; allow for faster initial sync
### `monero-wallet-cli.conf`
This config is tailored for desktop usage on [stagenet](/infrastructure/networks).
# $HOME/.bitmonero/stagenet/monero-wallet-cli.conf
# Pick network
stagenet=1
# Connect to a remote full node
daemon-address=monero-stagenet.exan.tech:38081
untrusted-daemon=1
# Log file
log-file=/tmp/monero-wallet-cli.log
# wallet-file=/home/YOUR-USER/.bitmonero/stagenet/wallets/MoneroExampleStagenetWallet

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