Update Linear install hook to not require workspace parameter

- Remove workspace_name parameter from API call
- Send empty object in POST request body
- Backend route will be updated to handle this case

docs/usage/cloud/project-management/linear-integration.mdx

@@ -67,24 +67,27 @@ description: Complete guide for setting up Linear integration with OpenHands Clo
    - Sign in with your Git provider (GitHub, GitLab, or BitBucket)
    - **Important:** Make sure you're signing in with the same Git provider account that contains the repositories you want the OpenHands agent to work on.
 
-### Step 2: Configure Linear Integration
+### Step 2: View Available Workspaces
 
 1. **Access Integration Settings**
    - Navigate to **Settings** > **Integrations**
    - Locate **Linear** section
 
-2. **Configure Workspace**
-   - Click **Configure** button
-   - Enter your workspace name and click **Connect**
-      - If no integration exists, you'll be prompted to enter additional credentials required for the workspace integration:
-         - **Webhook Secret**: The webhook secret from Step 3 above
-         - **Service Account Email**: The service account email from Step 1 above
-         - **Service Account API Key**: The API key from Step 2 above
-         - Ensure **Active** toggle is enabled
+2. **Install Linear App**
+   - Click the **Install Linear App** button
+   - You'll be redirected to a page showing available Linear workspaces
 
-3. **Complete OAuth Flow**
+3. **Select Workspace**
+   - Choose the workspace you want to connect to
+   - If no integration exists, you'll be prompted to enter additional credentials required for the workspace integration:
+      - **Webhook Secret**: The webhook secret from Step 3 above
+      - **Service Account Email**: The service account email from Step 1 above
+      - **Service Account API Key**: The API key from Step 2 above
+      - Ensure **Active** toggle is enabled
+
+4. **Complete OAuth Flow**
    - You'll be redirected to Linear to complete OAuth verification
-   - Grant the necessary permissions to verify your workspace access. If you have access to multiple workspaces, select the correct one that you initially provided
+   - Grant the necessary permissions to verify your workspace access
    - If successful, you will be redirected back to the **Integrations** settings in the OpenHands Cloud UI
 
 ### Managing Your Integration

frontend/src/components/features/settings/project-management/integration-row.tsx

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import {
   ConfigureButton,
   ConfigureModal,
 } from "#/components/features/settings/project-management/configure-modal";
+import { LinearInstallButton } from "#/components/features/settings/project-management/linear-install-button";
 
 interface IntegrationRowProps {
   platform: "jira" | "jira-dc" | "linear";
@@ -88,23 +89,29 @@ export function IntegrationRow({
     <div className="flex items-center justify-between" data-testid={dataTestId}>
       <span className="font-medium">{platformName}</span>
       <div className="flex items-center gap-6">
-        <ConfigureButton
-          onClick={handleConfigure}
-          isDisabled={isLoading}
-          text={buttonText}
-          data-testid={`${platform}-configure-button`}
-        />
+        {platform === "linear" ? (
+          <LinearInstallButton data-testid={`${platform}-install-button`} />
+        ) : (
+          <ConfigureButton
+            onClick={handleConfigure}
+            isDisabled={isLoading}
+            text={buttonText}
+            data-testid={`${platform}-configure-button`}
+          />
+        )}
       </div>
-      <ConfigureModal
-        isOpen={isConfigureModalOpen}
-        onClose={() => setConfigureModalOpen(false)}
-        onConfirm={handleConfigureConfirm}
-        onLink={handleLink}
-        onUnlink={handleUnlink}
-        platformName={platformName}
-        platform={platform}
-        integrationData={integrationData}
-      />
+      {platform !== "linear" && (
+        <ConfigureModal
+          isOpen={isConfigureModalOpen}
+          onClose={() => setConfigureModalOpen(false)}
+          onConfirm={handleConfigureConfirm}
+          onLink={handleLink}
+          onUnlink={handleUnlink}
+          platformName={platformName}
+          platform={platform}
+          integrationData={integrationData}
+        />
+      )}
     </div>
   );
 }

frontend/src/components/features/settings/project-management/linear-install-button.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+import React from "react";
+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
+import { I18nKey } from "#/i18n/declaration";
+import { useLinearInstall } from "#/hooks/mutation/use-linear-install";
+
+interface LinearInstallButtonProps {
+  "data-testid"?: string;
+}
+
+export function LinearInstallButton({
+  "data-testid": dataTestId,
+}: LinearInstallButtonProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
+  const linearInstallMutation = useLinearInstall();
+
+  const handleInstallClick = () => {
+    linearInstallMutation.mutate();
+  };
+
+  return (
+    <button
+      type="button"
+      onClick={handleInstallClick}
+      disabled={linearInstallMutation.isPending}
+      className="px-4 py-2 bg-blue-600 text-white rounded-md hover:bg-blue-700 transition-colors disabled:opacity-50 disabled:cursor-not-allowed"
+      data-testid={dataTestId}
+    >
+      {linearInstallMutation.isPending
+        ? "Installing..."
+        : t(I18nKey.PROJECT_MANAGEMENT$INSTALL_LINEAR_APP)}
+    </button>
+  );
+}

frontend/src/hooks/mutation/use-linear-install.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+import { useMutation } from "@tanstack/react-query";
+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
+
+import { openHands } from "#/api/open-hands-axios";
+import { I18nKey } from "#/i18n/declaration";
+import { displayErrorToast } from "#/utils/custom-toast-handlers";
+import { retrieveAxiosErrorMessage } from "#/utils/retrieve-axios-error-message";
+
+export function useLinearInstall() {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
+
+  return useMutation({
+    mutationFn: async () => {
+      const response = await openHands.post(
+        "/integration/linear/workspaces/link",
+        {},
+      );
+
+      const { success, redirect, authorizationUrl } = response.data;
+
+      if (success) {
+        if (redirect) {
+          if (authorizationUrl) {
+            window.location.href = authorizationUrl;
+          } else {
+            throw new Error("Could not get authorization URL from the server.");
+          }
+        } else {
+          window.location.reload();
+        }
+      } else {
+        throw new Error("Linear installation failed");
+      }
+
+      return response.data;
+    },
+    onError: (error) => {
+      const errorMessage = retrieveAxiosErrorMessage(error);
+      displayErrorToast(errorMessage || t(I18nKey.ERROR$GENERIC));
+    },
+  });
+}

frontend/src/i18n/declaration.ts

@@ -747,6 +747,7 @@ export enum I18nKey {
   PROJECT_MANAGEMENT$UNLINK_BUTTON_LABEL = "PROJECT_MANAGEMENT$UNLINK_BUTTON_LABEL",
   PROJECT_MANAGEMENT$LINK_CONFIRMATION_TITLE = "PROJECT_MANAGEMENT$LINK_CONFIRMATION_TITLE",
   PROJECT_MANAGEMENT$CONFIGURE_BUTTON_LABEL = "PROJECT_MANAGEMENT$CONFIGURE_BUTTON_LABEL",
+  PROJECT_MANAGEMENT$INSTALL_LINEAR_APP = "PROJECT_MANAGEMENT$INSTALL_LINEAR_APP",
   PROJECT_MANAGEMENT$EDIT_BUTTON_LABEL = "PROJECT_MANAGEMENT$EDIT_BUTTON_LABEL",
   PROJECT_MANAGEMENT$WORKSPACE_NAME_LABEL = "PROJECT_MANAGEMENT$WORKSPACE_NAME_LABEL",
   PROJECT_MANAGEMENT$WORKSPACE_NAME_PLACEHOLDER = "PROJECT_MANAGEMENT$WORKSPACE_NAME_PLACEHOLDER",

frontend/src/i18n/translation.json

@@ -11951,6 +11951,13 @@
         "de": "Konfigurieren",
         "uk": "Налаштувати"
     },
+    "PROJECT_MANAGEMENT$INSTALL_LINEAR_APP": {
+        "en": "Install Linear App",
+        "ja": "Linear アプリをインストール",
+        "zh-CN": "安装 Linear 应用",
+        "zh-TW": "安裝 Linear 應用",
+        "ko-KR": "Linear 앱 설치"
+    },
     "PROJECT_MANAGEMENT$EDIT_BUTTON_LABEL": {
         "en": "Edit",
         "ja": "編集",

openhands/agenthub/codeact_agent/codeact_agent.py

@@ -106,10 +106,15 @@ class CodeActAgent(Agent):
     def _get_tools(self) -> list['ChatCompletionToolParam']:
         # For these models, we use short tool descriptions ( < 1024 tokens)
         # to avoid hitting the OpenAI token limit for tool descriptions.
-        SHORT_TOOL_DESCRIPTION_LLM_SUBSTRS = ['gpt-', 'o3', 'o1', 'o4']
+        SHORT_TOOL_DESCRIPTION_LLM_SUBSTRS = ['gpt-4', 'o3', 'o1', 'o4']
 
         use_short_tool_desc = False
         if self.llm is not None:
+            # For historical reasons, previously OpenAI enforces max function description length of 1k characters
+            # https://community.openai.com/t/function-call-description-max-length/529902
+            # But it no longer seems to be an issue recently
+            # https://community.openai.com/t/was-the-character-limit-for-schema-descriptions-upgraded/1225975
+            # Tested on GPT-5 and longer description still works. But we still keep the logic to be safe for older models.
             use_short_tool_desc = any(
                 model_substr in self.llm.config.model
                 for model_substr in SHORT_TOOL_DESCRIPTION_LLM_SUBSTRS

openhands/agenthub/codeact_agent/tools/bash.py

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import re
 import sys
 
 from litellm import ChatCompletionToolParam, ChatCompletionToolParamFunctionChunk
@@ -37,7 +38,16 @@ _SHORT_BASH_DESCRIPTION = """Execute a bash command in the terminal.
 
 def refine_prompt(prompt: str):
     if sys.platform == 'win32':
-        return prompt.replace('bash', 'powershell')
+        # Replace 'bash' with 'powershell' including tool names like 'execute_bash'
+        # First replace 'execute_bash' with 'execute_powershell' to handle tool names
+        result = re.sub(
+            r'\bexecute_bash\b', 'execute_powershell', prompt, flags=re.IGNORECASE
+        )
+        # Then replace standalone 'bash' with 'powershell'
+        result = re.sub(
+            r'(?<!execute_)(?<!_)\bbash\b', 'powershell', result, flags=re.IGNORECASE
+        )
+        return result
     return prompt
 
 

openhands/cli/main.py

@@ -739,19 +739,3 @@ def run_cli_command(args):
         except Exception as e:
             print_formatted_text(f'Error during cleanup: {e}')
             sys.exit(1)
-
-
-def main():
-    """Main entry point for OpenHands CLI."""
-    from openhands.core.config import get_cli_parser
-
-    parser = get_cli_parser()
-    args = parser.parse_args()
-
-    if hasattr(args, 'version') and args.version:
-        import openhands
-
-        print(f'OpenHands CLI version: {openhands.get_version()}')
-        sys.exit(0)
-
-    run_cli_command(args)

openhands/llm/fn_call_converter.py

@@ -383,7 +383,7 @@ Do NOT assume the environment is the same as in the example above.
 """
     example = example.lstrip()
 
-    return example
+    return refine_prompt(example)
 
 
 IN_CONTEXT_LEARNING_EXAMPLE_PREFIX = get_example_for_tools

openhands/utils/ensure_httpx_close.py

@@ -1,78 +0,0 @@
-"""
-LiteLLM currently have an issue where HttpHandlers are being created but not
-closed. We have submitted a PR to them, (https://github.com/BerriAI/litellm/pull/8711)
-and their dev team say they are in the process of a refactor that will fix this, but
-in the meantime, we need to manage the lifecycle of the httpx.Client manually.
-
-We can't simply pass in our own client object, because all the different implementations use
-different types of client object.
-
-So we monkey patch the httpx.Client class to track newly created instances and close these
-when the operations complete. (Since some paths create a single shared client and reuse these,
-we actually need to create a proxy object that allows these clients to be reusable.)
-
-Hopefully, this will be fixed soon and we can remove this abomination.
-"""
-
-import contextlib
-from typing import Callable
-
-import httpx
-
-
-@contextlib.contextmanager
-def ensure_httpx_close():
-    wrapped_class = httpx.Client
-    proxys = []
-
-    class ClientProxy:
-        """
-        Sometimes LiteLLM opens a new httpx client for each connection, and does not close them.
-        Sometimes it does close them. Sometimes, it reuses a client between connections. For cases
-        where a client is reused, we need to be able to reuse the client even after closing it.
-        """
-
-        client_constructor: Callable
-        args: tuple
-        kwargs: dict
-        client: httpx.Client
-
-        def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
-            self.args = args
-            self.kwargs = kwargs
-            self.client = wrapped_class(*self.args, **self.kwargs)
-            proxys.append(self)
-
-        def __getattr__(self, name):
-            # Invoke a method on the proxied client - create one if required
-            if self.client is None:
-                self.client = wrapped_class(*self.args, **self.kwargs)
-            return getattr(self.client, name)
-
-        def close(self):
-            # Close the client if it is open
-            if self.client:
-                self.client.close()
-                self.client = None
-
-        def __iter__(self, *args, **kwargs):
-            # We have to override this as debuggers invoke it causing the client to reopen
-            if self.client:
-                return self.client.iter(*args, **kwargs)
-            return object.__getattribute__(self, 'iter')(*args, **kwargs)
-
-        @property
-        def is_closed(self):
-            # Check if closed
-            if self.client is None:
-                return True
-            return self.client.is_closed
-
-    httpx.Client = ClientProxy
-    try:
-        yield
-    finally:
-        httpx.Client = wrapped_class
-        while proxys:
-            proxy = proxys.pop()
-            proxy.close()

openhands/utils/prompt.py

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ from itertools import islice
 
 from jinja2 import Template
 
+from openhands.agenthub.codeact_agent.tools.bash import refine_prompt
 from openhands.controller.state.state import State
 from openhands.core.message import Message, TextContent
 from openhands.events.observation.agent import MicroagentKnowledge
@@ -91,7 +92,8 @@ class PromptManager:
             return Template(file.read())
 
     def get_system_message(self) -> str:
-        return self.system_template.render().strip()
+        system_message = self.system_template.render().strip()
+        return refine_prompt(system_message)
 
     def get_example_user_message(self) -> str:
         """This is an initial user message that can be provided to the agent

poetry.lock

@@ -3770,6 +3770,22 @@ http2 = ["h2 (>=3,<5)"]
 socks = ["socksio (==1.*)"]
 zstd = ["zstandard (>=0.18.0)"]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "httpx-aiohttp"
+version = "0.1.8"
+description = "Aiohttp transport for HTTPX"
+optional = false
+python-versions = ">=3.8"
+groups = ["main"]
+files = [
+    {file = "httpx_aiohttp-0.1.8-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:b7bd958d1331f3759a38a0ba22ad29832cb63ca69498c17735228055bf78fa7e"},
+    {file = "httpx_aiohttp-0.1.8.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:756c5e74cdb568c3248ba63fe82bfe8bbe64b928728720f7eaac64b3cf46f308"},
+]
+
+[package.dependencies]
+aiohttp = ">=3.10.0,<4"
+httpx = ">=0.27.0"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "httpx-sse"
 version = "0.4.0"
@@ -5136,11 +5152,8 @@ files = [
     {file = "lxml-5.4.0-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl", hash = "sha256:7ce1a171ec325192c6a636b64c94418e71a1964f56d002cc28122fceff0b6121"},
     {file = "lxml-5.4.0-cp37-cp37m-macosx_10_9_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:795f61bcaf8770e1b37eec24edf9771b307df3af74d1d6f27d812e15a9ff3872"},
     {file = "lxml-5.4.0-cp37-cp37m-manylinux_2_12_i686.manylinux2010_i686.manylinux_2_17_i686.manylinux2014_i686.whl", hash = "sha256:29f451a4b614a7b5b6c2e043d7b64a15bd8304d7e767055e8ab68387a8cacf4e"},
-    {file = "lxml-5.4.0-cp37-cp37m-manylinux_2_17_aarch64.manylinux2014_aarch64.whl", hash = "sha256:891f7f991a68d20c75cb13c5c9142b2a3f9eb161f1f12a9489c82172d1f133c0"},
     {file = "lxml-5.4.0-cp37-cp37m-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:4aa412a82e460571fad592d0f93ce9935a20090029ba08eca05c614f99b0cc92"},
-    {file = "lxml-5.4.0-cp37-cp37m-manylinux_2_28_aarch64.whl", hash = "sha256:ac7ba71f9561cd7d7b55e1ea5511543c0282e2b6450f122672a2694621d63b7e"},
     {file = "lxml-5.4.0-cp37-cp37m-manylinux_2_28_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:c5d32f5284012deaccd37da1e2cd42f081feaa76981f0eaa474351b68df813c5"},
-    {file = "lxml-5.4.0-cp37-cp37m-musllinux_1_2_aarch64.whl", hash = "sha256:ce31158630a6ac85bddd6b830cffd46085ff90498b397bd0a259f59d27a12188"},
     {file = "lxml-5.4.0-cp37-cp37m-musllinux_1_2_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:31e63621e073e04697c1b2d23fcb89991790eef370ec37ce4d5d469f40924ed6"},
     {file = "lxml-5.4.0-cp37-cp37m-win32.whl", hash = "sha256:be2ba4c3c5b7900246a8f866580700ef0d538f2ca32535e991027bdaba944063"},
     {file = "lxml-5.4.0-cp37-cp37m-win_amd64.whl", hash = "sha256:09846782b1ef650b321484ad429217f5154da4d6e786636c38e434fa32e94e49"},
@@ -11753,4 +11766,4 @@ third-party-runtimes = ["daytona", "e2b", "modal", "runloop-api-client"]
 [metadata]
 lock-version = "2.1"
 python-versions = "^3.12,<3.14"
-content-hash = "4640c66849d6436eed73826154e2d8cf88b456a4d1b71efb9438531245845826"
+content-hash = "8568c6ec2e11d4fcb23e206a24896b4d2d50e694c04011b668148f484e95b406"

pyproject.toml

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ packages = [
 ]
 include = [
   "openhands/integrations/vscode/openhands-vscode-0.0.1.vsix",
+  "microagents/**/*",
 ]
 build = "build_vscode.py" # Build VSCode extension during Poetry build
 
@@ -41,6 +42,7 @@ numpy = "*"
 json-repair = "*"
 browsergym-core = "0.13.3"                         # integrate browsergym-core as the browsing interface
 html2text = "*"
+deprecated = "*"
 pexpect = "*"
 jinja2 = "^3.1.3"
 python-multipart = "*"
@@ -97,6 +99,7 @@ e2b = { version = ">=1.0.5,<1.8.0", optional = true }
 modal = { version = ">=0.66.26,<1.2.0", optional = true }
 runloop-api-client = { version = "0.50.0", optional = true }
 daytona = { version = "0.24.2", optional = true }
+httpx-aiohttp = "^0.1.8"
 
 [tool.poetry.extras]
 third_party_runtimes = [ "e2b", "modal", "runloop-api-client", "daytona" ]
@@ -163,7 +166,7 @@ joblib = "*"
 swebench = { git = "https://github.com/ryanhoangt/SWE-bench.git", rev = "fix-modal-patch-eval" }
 
 [tool.poetry.scripts]
-openhands = "openhands.cli.main:main"
+openhands = "openhands.cli.entry:main"
 
 [tool.poetry.group.testgeneval.dependencies]
 fuzzywuzzy = "^0.18.0"

tests/unit/test_ensure_httpx_close.py

@@ -1,69 +0,0 @@
-import httpx
-
-from openhands.utils.ensure_httpx_close import ensure_httpx_close
-
-
-def test_ensure_httpx_close_basic():
-    """Test basic functionality of ensure_httpx_close."""
-    ctx = ensure_httpx_close()
-    with ctx:
-        # Create a client - should be tracked
-        client = httpx.Client()
-
-    # After context exit, client should be closed
-    assert client.is_closed
-
-
-def test_ensure_httpx_close_multiple_clients():
-    """Test ensure_httpx_close with multiple clients."""
-    ctx = ensure_httpx_close()
-    with ctx:
-        client1 = httpx.Client()
-        client2 = httpx.Client()
-
-    assert client1.is_closed
-    assert client2.is_closed
-
-
-def test_ensure_httpx_close_nested():
-    """Test nested usage of ensure_httpx_close."""
-    with ensure_httpx_close():
-        client1 = httpx.Client()
-
-        with ensure_httpx_close():
-            client2 = httpx.Client()
-            assert not client2.is_closed
-
-        # After inner context, client2 should be closed
-        assert client2.is_closed
-        # client1 should still be open since outer context is still active
-        assert not client1.is_closed
-
-    # After outer context, both clients should be closed
-    assert client1.is_closed
-    assert client2.is_closed
-
-
-def test_ensure_httpx_close_exception():
-    """Test ensure_httpx_close when an exception occurs."""
-    client = None
-    try:
-        with ensure_httpx_close():
-            client = httpx.Client()
-            raise ValueError('Test exception')
-    except ValueError:
-        pass
-
-    # Client should be closed even if an exception occurred
-    assert client is not None
-    assert client.is_closed
-
-
-def test_ensure_httpx_close_restore_client():
-    """Test that the original client is restored after context exit."""
-    original_client = httpx.Client
-    with ensure_httpx_close():
-        assert httpx.Client != original_client
-
-    # Original __init__ should be restored
-    assert httpx.Client == original_client

tests/unit/test_windows_prompt_refinement.py

@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+import sys
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+import pytest
+
+from openhands.agenthub.codeact_agent.codeact_agent import CodeActAgent
+from openhands.core.config import AgentConfig
+from openhands.llm.llm import LLM
+
+# Skip all tests in this module if not running on Windows
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.skipif(
+    sys.platform != 'win32', reason='Windows prompt refinement tests require Windows'
+)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def mock_llm():
+    """Create a mock LLM for testing."""
+    llm = LLM(config={'model': 'gpt-4', 'api_key': 'test'})
+    return llm
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def agent_config():
+    """Create a basic agent config for testing."""
+    return AgentConfig()
+
+
+def test_codeact_agent_system_prompt_no_bash_on_windows(mock_llm, agent_config):
+    """Test that CodeActAgent's system prompt doesn't contain 'bash' on Windows."""
+    # Create a CodeActAgent instance
+    agent = CodeActAgent(llm=mock_llm, config=agent_config)
+
+    # Get the system prompt
+    system_prompt = agent.prompt_manager.get_system_message()
+
+    # Assert that 'bash' doesn't exist in the system prompt (case-insensitive)
+    assert 'bash' not in system_prompt.lower(), (
+        f"System prompt contains 'bash' on Windows platform. "
+        f"It should be replaced with 'powershell'. "
+        f'System prompt: {system_prompt}'
+    )
+
+    # Verify that 'powershell' exists instead (case-insensitive)
+    assert 'powershell' in system_prompt.lower(), (
+        f"System prompt should contain 'powershell' on Windows platform. "
+        f'System prompt: {system_prompt}'
+    )
+
+
+def test_codeact_agent_tool_descriptions_no_bash_on_windows(mock_llm, agent_config):
+    """Test that CodeActAgent's tool descriptions don't contain 'bash' on Windows."""
+    # Create a CodeActAgent instance
+    agent = CodeActAgent(llm=mock_llm, config=agent_config)
+
+    # Get the tools
+    tools = agent.tools
+
+    # Check each tool's description and parameters
+    for tool in tools:
+        if tool['type'] == 'function':
+            function_info = tool['function']
+
+            # Check function description
+            description = function_info.get('description', '')
+            assert 'bash' not in description.lower(), (
+                f"Tool '{function_info['name']}' description contains 'bash' on Windows. "
+                f'Description: {description}'
+            )
+
+            # Check parameter descriptions
+            parameters = function_info.get('parameters', {})
+            properties = parameters.get('properties', {})
+
+            for param_name, param_info in properties.items():
+                param_description = param_info.get('description', '')
+                assert 'bash' not in param_description.lower(), (
+                    f"Tool '{function_info['name']}' parameter '{param_name}' "
+                    f"description contains 'bash' on Windows. "
+                    f'Parameter description: {param_description}'
+                )
+
+
+def test_in_context_learning_example_no_bash_on_windows():
+    """Test that in-context learning examples don't contain 'bash' on Windows."""
+    from openhands.agenthub.codeact_agent.tools.bash import create_cmd_run_tool
+    from openhands.agenthub.codeact_agent.tools.finish import FinishTool
+    from openhands.agenthub.codeact_agent.tools.str_replace_editor import (
+        create_str_replace_editor_tool,
+    )
+    from openhands.llm.fn_call_converter import get_example_for_tools
+
+    # Create a sample set of tools
+    tools = [
+        create_cmd_run_tool(),
+        create_str_replace_editor_tool(),
+        FinishTool,
+    ]
+
+    # Get the in-context learning example
+    example = get_example_for_tools(tools)
+
+    # Assert that 'bash' doesn't exist in the example (case-insensitive)
+    assert 'bash' not in example.lower(), (
+        f"In-context learning example contains 'bash' on Windows platform. "
+        f"It should be replaced with 'powershell'. "
+        f'Example: {example}'
+    )
+
+    # Verify that 'powershell' exists instead (case-insensitive)
+    if example:  # Only check if example is not empty
+        assert 'powershell' in example.lower(), (
+            f"In-context learning example should contain 'powershell' on Windows platform. "
+            f'Example: {example}'
+        )
+
+
+def test_refine_prompt_function_works():
+    """Test that the refine_prompt function correctly replaces 'bash' with 'powershell'."""
+    from openhands.agenthub.codeact_agent.tools.bash import refine_prompt
+
+    # Test basic replacement
+    test_prompt = 'Execute a bash command to list files'
+    refined_prompt = refine_prompt(test_prompt)
+
+    assert 'bash' not in refined_prompt.lower()
+    assert 'powershell' in refined_prompt.lower()
+    assert refined_prompt == 'Execute a powershell command to list files'
+
+    # Test multiple occurrences
+    test_prompt = 'Use bash to run bash commands in the bash shell'
+    refined_prompt = refine_prompt(test_prompt)
+
+    assert 'bash' not in refined_prompt.lower()
+    assert (
+        refined_prompt
+        == 'Use powershell to run powershell commands in the powershell shell'
+    )
+
+    # Test case sensitivity
+    test_prompt = 'BASH and Bash and bash should all be replaced'
+    refined_prompt = refine_prompt(test_prompt)
+
+    assert 'bash' not in refined_prompt.lower()
+    assert (
+        refined_prompt
+        == 'powershell and powershell and powershell should all be replaced'
+    )
+
+    # Test execute_bash tool name replacement
+    test_prompt = 'Use the execute_bash tool to run commands'
+    refined_prompt = refine_prompt(test_prompt)
+
+    assert 'execute_bash' not in refined_prompt.lower()
+    assert 'execute_powershell' in refined_prompt.lower()
+    assert refined_prompt == 'Use the execute_powershell tool to run commands'
+
+    # Test that words containing 'bash' but not equal to 'bash' are preserved
+    test_prompt = 'The bashful person likes bash-like syntax'
+    refined_prompt = refine_prompt(test_prompt)
+
+    # 'bashful' should be preserved, 'bash-like' should become 'powershell-like'
+    assert 'bashful' in refined_prompt
+    assert 'powershell-like' in refined_prompt
+    assert refined_prompt == 'The bashful person likes powershell-like syntax'
+
+
+def test_refine_prompt_function_on_non_windows():
+    """Test that the refine_prompt function doesn't change anything on non-Windows platforms."""
+    from openhands.agenthub.codeact_agent.tools.bash import refine_prompt
+
+    # Mock sys.platform to simulate non-Windows
+    with patch('openhands.agenthub.codeact_agent.tools.bash.sys.platform', 'linux'):
+        test_prompt = 'Execute a bash command to list files'
+        refined_prompt = refine_prompt(test_prompt)
+
+        # On non-Windows, the prompt should remain unchanged
+        assert refined_prompt == test_prompt
+        assert 'bash' in refined_prompt.lower()