CoffeeScript 0.2.4, with pattern matching and heredocs

coffee compiles CoffeeScript source files into JavaScript.

Usage:
  coffee path/to/script.coffee
    -i, --interactive                run a CoffeeScript REPL (requires Narwhal)
    -r, --run                        compile and run a script (requires Narwhal)
    -o, --output [DIR]               set the directory for compiled JavaScript
    -w, --watch                      watch scripts for changes, and recompile
    -p, --print                      print the compiled JavaScript to stdout
    -l, --lint                       pipe the compiled JavaScript through JSLint
    -e, --eval                       compile a cli scriptlet or read from stdin
    -t, --tokens                     print the tokens that the lexer produces
    -v, --verbose                    print at every step of code generation
    -n, --no-wrap                    raw output, no safety wrapper or vars
        --install-bundle             install the CoffeeScript TextMate bundle
        --version                    display CoffeeScript version
    -h, --help                       display this help message outside of the coffee-script directory

.gitignore

@@ -1 +1,6 @@
-parser.output
+presentation
+test.coffee
+parser.output
+lib/coffee_script/parser.rb
+test/fixtures/underscore
+*.gem

LICENSE

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+Copyright (c) 2010 Jeremy Ashkenas
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person
+obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation
+files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without
+restriction, including without limitation the rights to use,
+copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
+Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following
+conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES
+OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT
+HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,
+WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
+FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR
+OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

README

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+=                              
+            {                   
+         }   }   {              
+        {   {  }  }             
+         }   }{  {               
+        {  }{  }  }                    _____       __  __           
+       ( }{ }{  { )                   / ____|     / _|/ _|          
+     .- { { }  { }} -.               | |     ___ | |_| |_ ___  ___ 
+    (  ( } { } { } }  )              | |    / _ \|  _|  _/ _ \/ _ \ 
+    |`-..________ ..-'|              | |___| (_) | | | ||  __/  __/ 
+    |                 |               \_____\___/|_| |_| \___|\___|
+    |                 ;--.           
+    |                (__  \            _____           _       _   
+    |                 | )  )          / ____|         (_)     | |  
+    |                 |/  /          | (___   ___ _ __ _ _ __ | |_ 
+    |                 (  /            \___ \ / __| '__| | '_ \| __|
+    |                 |/              ____) | (__| |  | | |_) | |_ 
+    |                 |              |_____/ \___|_|  |_| .__/ \__|
+     `-.._________..-'                                  | |        
+                                                        |_|
+                  
+                                                        
+  CoffeeScript is a little language that compiles into JavaScript.
+  
+  Install the compiler:
+  gem install coffee-script
+  
+  Compile a script:
+  coffee /path/to/script.coffee
+  
+  For documentation, usage, and examples, see:
+  http://jashkenas.github.com/coffee-script/
+  
+  To suggest a feature or report a bug:
+  http://github.com/jashkenas/coffee-script/issues/
+
+  The source repository:
+  git://github.com/jashkenas/coffee-script.git
+  
+  To build CoffeeScript from source, install the "racc" gem and
+  run "rake build:parser". Then bin/coffee will work.

Rakefile

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+require 'erb'
+require 'fileutils'
+require 'rake/testtask'
+
+desc "Run all tests"
+task :test do
+  $LOAD_PATH.unshift(File.expand_path('test'))
+  require 'redgreen' if Gem.available?('redgreen')
+  require 'test/unit'
+  Dir['test/*/**/test_*.rb'].each {|test| require test }
+end
+
+namespace :build do
+
+  desc "Recompile the Racc parser (pass -v and -g for verbose debugging)"
+  task :parser, :racc_args do |t, args|
+    sh "racc #{args[:racc_args]} -o lib/coffee_script/parser.rb lib/coffee_script/grammar.y"
+  end
+
+  desc "Compile the Narwhal interface for --interactive and --run"
+  task :narwhal do
+    sh "bin/coffee lib/coffee_script/narwhal/*.coffee -o lib/coffee_script/narwhal/lib/coffee-script"
+    sh "mv lib/coffee_script/narwhal/lib/coffee-script/coffee-script.js lib/coffee_script/narwhal/lib/coffee-script.js"
+  end
+
+  desc "Compile and install the Ultraviolet syntax highlighter"
+  task :ultraviolet do
+    sh "plist2syntax lib/coffee_script/CoffeeScript.tmbundle/Syntaxes/CoffeeScript.tmLanguage"
+    sh "sudo mv coffeescript.yaml /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/ultraviolet-0.10.2/syntax/coffeescript.syntax"
+  end
+
+  desc "Rebuild the Underscore.coffee documentation page"
+  task :underscore do
+    sh "uv -s coffeescript -t idle -h examples/underscore.coffee > documentation/underscore.html"
+  end
+
+end
+
+desc "Build the documentation page"
+task :doc do
+  source = 'documentation/index.html.erb'
+  child = fork { exec "bin/coffee documentation/coffee/*.coffee -o documentation/js -w" }
+  at_exit { Process.kill("INT", child) }
+  Signal.trap("INT") { exit }
+  # `uv -t idle -s coffeescript -h examples/underscore.coffee > documentation/underscore.html`
+  loop do
+    mtime = File.stat(source).mtime
+    if !@mtime || mtime > @mtime
+      rendered = ERB.new(File.read(source)).result(binding)
+      File.open('index.html', 'w+') {|f| f.write(rendered) }
+    end
+    @mtime = mtime
+    sleep 1
+  end
+end
+
+namespace :gem do
+
+  desc 'Build and install the coffee-script gem'
+  task :install do
+    sh "gem build coffee-script.gemspec"
+    sh "sudo gem install #{Dir['*.gem'].join(' ')} --local --no-ri --no-rdoc"
+  end
+
+  desc 'Uninstall the coffee-script gem'
+  task :uninstall do
+    sh "sudo gem uninstall -x coffee-script"
+  end
+
+end
+
+task :default => :test

SYNTAX

@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-Every line is an expression. Multiple expressions on a single line can be
-separated by a ";" character.
-
-NUM:      1
-          1.0
-          
-STRING:   "hello"
-          'hello'
-          
-OBJECT:   {one : 1, two : 2}
-          
-ARRAY:    [1, 2, 3]
-          
-CODE:     a, b => a * b.
-          
-IF:       return x if x > 1
-            
-          if (x > 1) return x
-              
-ASSIGN:   a : b
-              
-LOGICAL:  x && y
-          x and y
-          x || y
-          x or y
-
-
-
-          
-

WISHLIST

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-* Is it possible to close blocks (functions, ifs, trys) without an explicit
-  block delimiter or significant whitespace?
-  
-* Is it possible to pass comments through cleanly and have them show up on
-  the other end? This includes comments in the middle of array and object
-  literals, and argument lists.

bin/coffee

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+
+require "#{File.dirname(__FILE__)}/../lib/coffee_script/command_line.rb"
+
+CoffeeScript::CommandLine.new

code.cs

@@ -1,126 +0,0 @@
-# TODO: Add range indexing: array[5..7] => array.slice(5, 7)
-
-# Functions:
-square: x => x * x.
-
-sum: x, y => x + y.
-
-odd: x => x % 2 is 0.
-
-even: x => x % 2 aint 0.
-
-run_loop: =>
-  fire_events( e => e.stopPropagation(). )
-  listen()
-  wait().
-
-# Objects:
-dense_object_literal: {one: 1, two: 2, three: 3}
-
-spaced_out_multiline_object: {
-
-  pi: 3.14159
-
-  list: [1, 2, 3, 4]
-
-  three: new Idea()
-
-  inner_obj: {
-    freedom: => _.freedom().
-  }
-
-}
-
-# Arrays:
-stooges : [{moe: 45}, {curly: 43}, {larry: 46}]
-
-exponents : [x => x., x => x * x., x => x * x * x.]
-
-empty: []
-
-# Conditionals and ternaries.
-if submarine.shields_up
-  full_speed_ahead()
-  fire_torpedos()
-else
-  run_away().
-
-eldest: if 25 > 21 then liz else marge.
-
-decoration: medal_of_honor if war_hero
-
-go_to_sleep() unless coffee
-
-# Returning early:
-race: =>
-  run()
-  walk()
-  crawl()
-  if tired then return sleep().
-  race().
-
-# Conditional operators:
-good ||= evil
-wine &&= cheese
-
-# Nested property access and calls.
-((moon.turn(360))).shapes[3].move({x: 45, y: 30}).position
-
-a: b: c: 5
-
-# Embedded JavaScript.
-callback(
-  `function(e) { e.stop(); }`
-)
-
-# Try/Catch/Finally/Throw.
-try
-  all_hell_breaks_loose()
-  dogs_and_cats_living_together()
-  throw "up"
-catch error
-  print( error )
-finally
-  clean_up().
-
-try all_hell_breaks_loose() catch error print(error) finally clean_up().
-
-# While loops.
-while demand > supply
-  sell()
-  restock().
-
-while supply > demand then buy().
-
-# Unary operators.
-!!true
-
-# Lexical scoping.
-a: 5
-change_a_and_set_b: =>
-  a: 10
-  b: 15.
-b: 20
-
-# Array comprehensions.
-supper: food.capitalize() for food in ['toast', 'cheese', 'wine'].
-
-drink(bottle) for bottle, i in ['soda', 'wine', 'lemonade'] if even(i).
-
-# Switch statements.
-switch day
-case "Tuesday"   then eat_breakfast()
-case "Sunday"    then go_to_church()
-case "Saturday"  then go_to_the_park()
-case "Wednesday"
-  eat_breakfast()
-  go_to_work()
-  eat_dinner()
-default go_to_work().
-
-# Semicolons can optionally be used instead of newlines.
-wednesday: => eat_breakfast(); go_to_work(); eat_dinner(); .
-
-# Array slice literals.
-zero_to_nine: [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
-three_to_six: zero_to_nine[3, 6]

coffee-script.gemspec

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+Gem::Specification.new do |s|
+  s.name      = 'coffee-script'
+  s.version   = '0.2.4'         # Keep version in sync with coffee-script.rb
+  s.date      = '2010-1-12'
+
+  s.homepage    = "http://jashkenas.github.com/coffee-script/"
+  s.summary     = "The CoffeeScript Compiler"
+  s.description = <<-EOS
+    CoffeeScript is a little language that compiles into JavaScript. Think
+    of it as JavaScript's less ostentatious kid brother -- the same genes,
+    roughly the same height, but a different sense of style. Apart from a
+    handful of bonus goodies, statements in CoffeeScript correspond
+    one-to-one with their equivalent in JavaScript, it's just another
+    way of saying it.
+  EOS
+
+  s.authors           = ['Jeremy Ashkenas']
+  s.email             = 'jashkenas@gmail.com'
+  s.rubyforge_project = 'coffee-script'
+  s.has_rdoc          = false
+
+  s.require_paths     = ['lib']
+  s.executables       = ['coffee']
+
+  s.files = Dir['bin/*', 'examples/*', 'lib/**/*', 'coffee-script.gemspec', 'LICENSE', 'README', 'package.json']
+end

documentation/coffee/aliases.coffee

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+launch() if ignition is on
+
+volume: 10 if band isnt spinal_tap
+
+let_the_wild_rumpus_begin() unless answer is no
+
+if car.speed < speed_limit then accelerate()

documentation/coffee/arguments.coffee

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+backwards: =>
+  alert(arguments.reverse())
+
+backwards("stairway", "to", "heaven")

documentation/coffee/array_comprehensions.coffee

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# Eat lunch.
+lunch: eat(food) for food in ['toast', 'cheese', 'wine']
+
+# Naive collision detection.
+for roid in asteroids
+  for roid2 in asteroids when roid isnt roid2
+    roid.explode() if roid.overlaps(roid2)

documentation/coffee/assignment.coffee

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+greeting: "Hello CoffeeScript"
+difficulty: 0.5

documentation/coffee/blocks.coffee

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+$('table.list').each() table =>
+  $('tr.account', table).each() row =>
+    row.show()
+    row.highlight()

documentation/coffee/conditionals.coffee

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+mood: greatly_improved if singing
+
+if happy and knows_it
+  claps_hands()
+  cha_cha_cha()
+
+date: if friday then sue else jill
+
+expensive ||= do_the_math()

documentation/coffee/embedded.coffee

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+hi: `function() {
+  return [document.title, "Hello JavaScript"].join(": ");
+}`
+
+

documentation/coffee/existence.coffee

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+solipsism: true if mind? and not world?

documentation/coffee/expressions.coffee

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+grade: student =>
+  if student.excellent_work
+    "A+"
+  else if student.okay_stuff
+    if student.tried_hard then "B" else "B-"
+  else
+    "C"
+
+eldest: if 24 > 21 then "Liz" else "Ike"

documentation/coffee/expressions_assignment.coffee

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+six: (one: 1) + (two: 2) + (three: 3)

documentation/coffee/expressions_comprehension.coffee

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# The first ten global properties.
+
+globals: (name for name of window)[0...10]

documentation/coffee/expressions_try.coffee

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+alert(
+  try
+    nonexistent / undefined
+  catch error
+    "Caught an error: " + error
+)

documentation/coffee/functions.coffee

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+square: x => x * x
+cube:   x => square(x) * x

documentation/coffee/heredocs.coffee

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+html: '''
+      <strong>
+        cup of coffeescript
+      </strong>
+      '''

documentation/coffee/multiple_return_values.coffee

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+weather_report: location =>
+  # Make an Ajax request to fetch the weather...
+  [location, 72, "Mostly Sunny"]
+
+[city, temp, forecast]: weather_report("Berkeley, CA")

documentation/coffee/object_comprehensions.coffee

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+years_old: {max: 10, ida: 9, tim: 11}
+
+ages: for child, age of years_old
+  child + " is " + age

documentation/coffee/object_extraction.coffee

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+futurists: {
+  sculptor: "Umberto Boccioni"
+  painter:  "Vladimir Burliuk"
+  poet: {
+    name:   "F.T. Marinetti"
+    address: [
+      "Via Roma 42R"
+      "Bellagio, Italy 22021"
+    ]
+  }
+}
+
+{poet: {name: poet, address: [street, city]}}: futurists

documentation/coffee/objects_and_arrays.coffee

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+song: ["do", "re", "mi", "fa", "so"]
+
+ages: {
+  max: 10
+  ida: 9
+  tim: 11
+}
+
+matrix: [
+  1, 0, 1
+  0, 0, 1
+  1, 1, 0
+]

documentation/coffee/overview.coffee

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# Assignment:
+number: 42
+opposite_day: true
+
+# Conditions:
+number: -42 if opposite_day
+
+# Functions:
+square: x => x * x
+
+# Arrays:
+list: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+
+# Objects:
+math: {
+  root:   Math.sqrt
+  square: square
+  cube:   x => x * square(x)
+}
+
+# Splats:
+race: winner, runners... =>
+  print(winner, runners)
+
+# Existence:
+alert("I knew it!") if elvis?
+
+# Array comprehensions:
+cubed_list: math.cube(num) for num in list

documentation/coffee/parallel_assignment.coffee

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+bait: 1000
+and_switch: 0
+
+[bait, and_switch]: [and_switch, bait]

documentation/coffee/range_comprehensions.coffee

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+countdown: num for num in [10..1]
+
+egg_delivery: =>
+  for i in [0...eggs.length] by 12
+    dozen_eggs: eggs[i...i+12]
+    deliver(new egg_carton(dozen))

documentation/coffee/scope.coffee

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+num: 1
+change_numbers: =>
+  new_num: -1
+  num: 10
+new_num: change_numbers()

documentation/coffee/slices.coffee

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+numbers: [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
+
+three_to_six: numbers[3..6]
+
+numbers_copy: numbers[0...numbers.length]
+

documentation/coffee/splats.coffee

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+gold: silver: the_field: "unknown"
+
+medalists: first, second, rest... =>
+  gold:       first
+  silver:     second
+  the_field:  rest
+
+contenders: [
+  "Michael Phelps"
+  "Liu Xiang"
+  "Yao Ming"
+  "Allyson Felix"
+  "Shawn Johnson"
+  "Roman Sebrle"
+  "Guo Jingjing"
+  "Tyson Gay"
+  "Asafa Powell"
+  "Usain Bolt"
+]
+
+medalists(contenders...)
+
+alert("Gold: " + gold)
+alert("Silver: " + silver)
+alert("The Field: " + the_field)

documentation/coffee/splices.coffee

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+numbers: [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
+
+numbers[3..6]: [-3, -4, -5, -6]
+
+

documentation/coffee/strings.coffee

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+moby_dick: "Call me Ishmael. Some years ago --
+never mind how long precisely -- having little
+or no money in my purse, and nothing particular
+to interest me on shore, I thought I would sail
+about a little and see the watery part of the
+world..."
+
+

documentation/coffee/super.coffee

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+Animal: =>
+Animal::move: meters =>
+  alert(this.name + " moved " + meters + "m.")
+
+Snake: name => this.name: name
+Snake extends Animal
+Snake::move: =>
+  alert("Slithering...")
+  super(5)
+
+Horse: name => this.name: name
+Horse extends Animal
+Horse::move: =>
+  alert("Galloping...")
+  super(45)
+
+sam: new Snake("Sammy the Python")
+tom: new Horse("Tommy the Palomino")
+
+sam.move()
+tom.move()
+
+
+
+

documentation/coffee/switch.coffee

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+switch day
+  when "Tuesday"   then eat_breakfast()
+  when "Wednesday" then go_to_the_park()
+  when "Saturday"
+    if day is bingo_day
+      go_to_bingo()
+      go_dancing()
+  when "Sunday"    then go_to_church()
+  else go_to_work()

documentation/coffee/try.coffee

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+try
+  all_hell_breaks_loose()
+  cats_and_dogs_living_together()
+catch error
+  print(error)
+finally
+  clean_up()

documentation/coffee/while.coffee

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+while demand > supply
+  sell()
+  restock()
+
+while supply > demand then buy()

documentation/css/amy.css

@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+pre.amy .PolymorphicVariants {
+   color: #60B0FF;
+   font-style: italic;
+}
+pre.amy .KeywordDecorator {
+   color: #D0D0FF;
+}
+pre.amy .Punctuation {
+   color: #805080;
+}
+pre.amy .InheritedClass {
+}
+pre.amy .InvalidDepricated {
+   background-color: #CC66FF;
+   color: #200020;
+}
+pre.amy .LibraryVariable {
+}
+pre.amy .TokenReferenceOcamlyacc {
+   color: #3CB0D0;
+}
+pre.amy .Storage {
+   color: #B0FFF0;
+}
+pre.amy .KeywordOperator {
+   color: #A0A0FF;
+}
+pre.amy .CharacterConstant {
+   color: #666666;
+}
+pre.amy .line-numbers {
+   background-color: #800000;
+   color: #000000;
+}
+pre.amy .ClassName {
+   color: #70E080;
+}
+pre.amy .Int64Constant {
+   font-style: italic;
+}
+pre.amy .NonTerminalReferenceOcamlyacc {
+   color: #C0F0F0;
+}
+pre.amy .TokenDefinitionOcamlyacc {
+   color: #3080A0;
+}
+pre.amy .ClassType {
+   color: #70E0A0;
+}
+pre.amy .ControlKeyword {
+   color: #80A0FF;
+}
+pre.amy .LineNumberDirectives {
+   text-decoration: underline;
+   color: #C080C0;
+}
+pre.amy .FloatingPointConstant {
+   text-decoration: underline;
+}
+pre.amy .Int32Constant {
+   font-weight: bold;
+}
+pre.amy .TagName {
+   color: #009090;
+}
+pre.amy .ModuleTypeDefinitions {
+   text-decoration: underline;
+   color: #B000B0;
+}
+pre.amy .Integer {
+   color: #7090B0;
+}
+pre.amy .Camlp4TempParser {
+}
+pre.amy .InvalidIllegal {
+   font-weight: bold;
+   background-color: #FFFF00;
+   color: #400080;
+}
+pre.amy .LibraryConstant {
+   background-color: #200020;
+}
+pre.amy .ModuleDefinitions {
+   color: #B000B0;
+}
+pre.amy .Variants {
+   color: #60B0FF;
+}
+pre.amy .CompilerDirectives {
+   color: #C080C0;
+}
+pre.amy .FloatingPointInfixOperator {
+   text-decoration: underline;
+}
+pre.amy .BuiltInConstant1 {
+}
+pre.amy {
+   background-color: #200020;
+   color: #D0D0FF;
+}
+pre.amy .FunctionArgument {
+   color: #80B0B0;
+}
+pre.amy .FloatingPointPrefixOperator {
+   text-decoration: underline;
+}
+pre.amy .NativeintConstant {
+   font-weight: bold;
+}
+pre.amy .BuiltInConstant {
+   color: #707090;
+}
+pre.amy .BooleanConstant {
+   color: #8080A0;
+}
+pre.amy .LibraryClassType {
+}
+pre.amy .TagAttribute {
+}
+pre.amy .Keyword {
+   color: #A080FF;
+}
+pre.amy .UserDefinedConstant {
+}
+pre.amy .String {
+   color: #999999;
+}
+pre.amy .Camlp4Code {
+   background-color: #350060;
+}
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+    }
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+  font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Lucida Console", monospace;
+  font-size: 12px;
+  line-height: 18px;
+  color: #191955;
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documentation/index.html.erb

@@ -0,0 +1,744 @@
+<%
+  require 'uv'
+  def code_for(file, executable=false)
+    @stripper ||= /(\A\(function\(\)\{\n|\}\)\(\);\Z|^  )/
+    return '' unless File.exists?("documentation/js/#{file}.js")
+    cs = File.read("documentation/coffee/#{file}.coffee")
+    js = File.read("documentation/js/#{file}.js").gsub(@stripper, '')
+    cshtml = Uv.parse(cs, 'xhtml', 'coffeescript', false, 'idle', false)
+    jshtml = Uv.parse(js, 'xhtml', 'javascript', false, 'idle', false)
+    append = executable == true ? '' : "alert(#{executable});"
+    run    = executable == true ? 'run' : "run: #{executable}"
+    button = executable ? "<button onclick='javascript: #{js};#{append}'>#{run}</button>" : ''
+    "<div class='code'>#{cshtml}#{jshtml}#{button}<br class='clear' /></div>"
+  end
+%>
+
+
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+  <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8" />
+  <title>CoffeeScript</title>
+  <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="documentation/css/docs.css" />
+  <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="documentation/css/idle.css" />
+</head>
+<body>
+
+  <div class="container">
+
+    <h1><sub style="font-size: 100px;">&#9749;</sub> CoffeeScript</h1>
+
+    <p>
+      CoffeeScript is a little language that compiles into JavaScript. Think
+      of it as JavaScript's less ostentatious kid brother &mdash; the same genes,
+      roughly the same height, but a different sense of style. Apart from a handful of
+      bonus goodies, statements in CoffeeScript correspond one-to-one with their
+      equivalent in JavaScript, it's just another way of saying it.
+    </p>
+
+    <p>
+      <b>Disclaimer:</b>
+      CoffeeScript is just for fun and seriously alpha. I'm sure that there are still
+      plenty of holes in the walls and leaks in the roof. <i>There are no guarantees
+      that the syntax won't change between versions.</i> That said,
+      it compiles into clean JavaScript (the good parts) that can use existing
+      JavaScript libraries seamlessly, and passes through
+      <a href="http://www.jslint.com/">JSLint</a> without warnings. The compiled
+      output is quite readable &mdash; pretty-printed, with comments
+      preserved intact.
+    </p>
+
+    <p>
+      <b>Latest Version:</b>
+      <a href="http://gemcutter.org/gems/coffee-script">0.2.4</a>
+    </p>
+
+    <h2>Table of Contents</h2>
+
+    <p>
+      <a href="#overview">Mini Overview</a><br />
+      <a href="#installation">Installation and Usage</a><br />
+      <a href="#whitespace">Significant Whitespace</a><br />
+      <a href="#functions">Functions and Invocation</a><br />
+      <a href="#assignment">Assignment</a><br />
+      <a href="#objects_and_arrays">Objects and Arrays</a><br />
+      <a href="#lexical_scope">Lexical Scoping and Variable Safety</a><br />
+      <a href="#conditionals">Conditionals, Ternaries, and Conditional Assignment</a><br />
+      <a href="#existence">The Existence Operator</a><br />
+      <a href="#aliases">Aliases</a><br />
+      <a href="#splats">Splats...</a><br />
+      <a href="#arguments">Arguments are Arrays</a><br />
+      <a href="#while">While Loops</a><br />
+      <a href="#comprehensions">Comprehensions (Arrays, Objects, and Ranges)</a><br />
+      <a href="#slice_splice">Array Slicing and Splicing with Ranges</a><br />
+      <a href="#expressions">Everything is an Expression</a><br />
+      <a href="#inheritance">Inheritance, and Calling Super from a Subclass</a><br />
+      <a href="#blocks">Blocks</a><br />
+      <a href="#pattern_matching">Pattern Matching</a><br />
+      <a href="#embedded">Embedded JavaScript</a><br />
+      <a href="#switch">Switch/When/Else</a><br />
+      <a href="#try">Try/Catch/Finally</a><br />
+      <a href="#strings">Multiline Strings and Heredocs</a><br />
+      <a href="#resources">Resources</a><br />
+      <a href="#contributing">Contributing</a><br />
+      <a href="#change_log">Change Log</a><br />
+    </p>
+
+    <h2 id="overview">Mini Overview</h2>
+
+    <p><i>CoffeeScript on the left, compiled JavaScript output on the right.</i></p>
+
+    <%= code_for('overview', 'cubed_list') %>
+
+    <p>
+      For a longer CoffeeScript example, check out
+      <a href="documentation/underscore.html">Underscore.coffee</a>, a port
+      of the <a href="http://documentcloud.github.com/underscore/">Underscore.js</a>
+      library of helper functions. Underscore.coffee can pass the entire Underscore.js
+      test suite. The CoffeeScript version is faster than the original for a number
+      of methods (in general, due to the speed of CoffeeScript's array comprehensions), and
+      after being minified and gzipped, is only 241 bytes larger than the original
+      JavaScript version.
+      Additional examples are included in the source repository, inside the
+      <a href="http://github.com/jashkenas/coffee-script/tree/master/examples/">examples</a> folder.
+    </p>
+
+    <h2 id="installation">Installation and Usage</h2>
+
+    <p>
+      The CoffeeScript compiler is written in pure Ruby, and is available
+      as a Ruby Gem.
+    </p>
+
+    <pre>
+gem install coffee-script</pre>
+
+    <p>
+      Installing the gem provides the <tt>coffee</tt> command, which can
+      be used to compile CoffeeScript <tt>.coffee</tt> files into JavaScript, as
+      well as debug them. In conjunction with
+      <a href="http://narwhaljs.org/">Narwhal</a>, the <tt>coffee</tt>
+      command also provides direct evaluation and an interactive REPL.
+      When compiling to JavaScript, <tt>coffee</tt> writes the output
+      as <tt>.js</tt> files in the same directory by default, but output
+      can be customized with the following options:
+    </p>
+
+    <table>
+      <tr>
+        <td width="25%"><code>-i, --interactive</code></td>
+        <td>
+          Launch an interactive CoffeeScript session.
+          Requires <a href="http://narwhaljs.org/">Narwhal</a>.
+        </td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td><code>-r, --run</code></td>
+        <td>
+          Compile and execute scripts without saving the intermediate
+          JavaScript. Requires <a href="http://narwhaljs.org/">Narwhal</a>.
+        </td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td><code>-o, --output [DIR]</code></td>
+        <td>
+          Write out all compiled JavaScript files into the specified directory.
+        </td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td><code>-w, --watch</code></td>
+        <td>
+          Watch the modification times of the coffee-scripts, recompiling as
+          soon as a change occurs.
+        </td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td><code>-p, --print</code></td>
+        <td>
+          Instead of writing out the JavaScript as a file, print it
+          directly to <b>stdout</b>.
+        </td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td><code>-l, --lint</code></td>
+        <td>
+          If the <tt>jsl</tt> (JavaScript Lint) command is installed, use it
+          to check the compilation of a CoffeeScript file. (Handy in
+          conjunction with <tt>--watch</tt>)
+        </td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td><code>-e, --eval</code></td>
+        <td>
+          Compile and print a little snippet of CoffeeScript directly from the
+          command line (or from <b>stdin</b>). For example:<br /><tt>coffee -e "square: x => x * x"</tt>
+        </td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td><code>-t, --tokens</code></td>
+        <td>
+          Instead of parsing the CoffeeScript, just lex it, and print out the
+          token stream: <tt>[:IDENTIFIER, "square"], [":", ":"], [:PARAM, "x"]</tt> ...
+        </td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td><code>-v, --verbose</code></td>
+        <td>
+          As the JavaScript is being generated, print out every step of code
+          generation, including lexical scope and the node in the
+          AST.
+        </td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td><code>-n, --no-wrap</code></td>
+        <td>
+          Compile the JavaScript without the top-level function safety wrapper.
+          (Used for CoffeeScript as a Narwhal module.)
+        </td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td><code>-g, --globals</code></td>
+        <td>
+          Suppress all variable declarations at the top-level, effectively adding
+          those variables to the global scope. (Used by the REPL.)
+        </td>
+      </tr>
+      <tr>
+        <td><code>--install-bundle</code></td>
+        <td>
+          Install the TextMate bundle for CoffeeScript syntax highlighting.
+        </td>
+      </tr>
+    </table>
+
+    <p>
+      <b>Examples:</b>
+    </p>
+
+    <pre>
+coffee path/to/script.coffee
+coffee --interactive
+coffee --watch --lint experimental.coffee
+coffee --print app/scripts/*.coffee > concatenation.js</pre>
+
+    <h2>Language Reference</h2>
+
+    <p>
+      <i>
+        This reference is structured so that it can be read from top to bottom,
+        if you like. Later sections use ideas and syntax previously introduced.
+        Familiarity with JavaScript is assumed.
+        In all of the following examples, the source CoffeeScript is provided on
+        the left, and the direct compilation into JavaScript is on the right.
+      </i>
+    </p>
+
+    <p id="whitespace">
+      <b class="header">Significant Whitespace</b>
+      CoffeeScript uses Python-style significant whitespace: You don't need to
+      use semicolons <tt>;</tt> to terminate expressions, ending
+      the line will do just as well. Semicolons can still be used to fit
+      multiple expressions onto a single line. Instead of using curly braces
+      <tt>{ }</tt> to delimit blocks of code (like <a href="#functions">functions</a>,
+      <a href="#conditionals">if-statements</a>,
+      <a href="#switch">switch</a>, and <a href="#try">try/catch</a>),
+      use indentation.
+    </p>
+
+    <p>
+      You can use newlines to break up your expression into smaller pieces,
+      as long as CoffeeScript can tell that the line hasn't finished
+      (similar to how Ruby handles it). For example,
+      if the line ends in an operator, dot, or keyword.
+    </p>
+
+    <p id="functions">
+      <b class="header">Functions and Invocation</b>
+      Functions are defined by a list of parameters, an arrow, and the
+      function body. The empty function looks like this: <tt>=></tt>. All
+      functions in CoffeeScript are named, for the benefit of debug messages.
+    </p>
+    <%= code_for('functions', 'cube(5)') %>
+
+    <p id="assignment">
+      <b class="header">Assignment</b>
+      Use a colon <tt>:</tt> to assign, as in
+      <a href="http://json.org">JSON</a>. Equal signs are only needed for
+      mathy things.
+    </p>
+    <%= code_for('assignment', 'greeting') %>
+    <p>
+      Declarations of new variables are pushed up to the top of the nearest
+      lexical scope, so that assignment may always be performed within expressions.
+    </p>
+
+    <p id="objects_and_arrays">
+      <b class="header">Objects and Arrays</b>
+      Object and Array literals look very similar to their JavaScript cousins.
+      When you spread out each assignment on a separate line, the commas are
+      optional. In this way, assigning object properties looks the same as
+      assigning local variables, and can be moved around freely. You can mix
+      and match the two styles.
+    </p>
+    <%= code_for('objects_and_arrays', 'song.join(",")') %>
+
+    <p id="lexical_scope">
+      <b class="header">Lexical Scoping and Variable Safety</b>
+      The CoffeeScript compiler takes care to make sure that all of your variables
+      are properly declared within lexical scope &mdash; you never need to write
+      <tt>var</tt> yourself.
+    </p>
+    <%= code_for('scope', 'new_num') %>
+    <p>
+      Notice how the all of the variable declarations have been pushed up to
+      the top of the closest scope, the first time they appear.
+      <b>num</b> is not redeclared within the inner function, because it's
+      already in scope; the <b>new_num</b> within the function, on the other hand,
+      should not be able to change the value of the external variable of the same name, and
+      therefore has a declaration of its own.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Although suppressed within this documentation for clarity, all
+      CoffeeScript output is wrapped in an anonymous function:
+      <tt>(function(){ ... })();</tt> This safety wrapper, combined with the
+      automatic generation of the <tt>var</tt> keyword, make it exceedingly difficult
+      to pollute the global namespace by accident. If you'd like to create
+      global variables, attach them as properties on <b>window</b>,
+      or on the <b>exports</b> object in CommonJS.
+    </p>
+
+    <p id="conditionals">
+      <b class="header">Conditionals, Ternaries, and Conditional Assignment</b>
+      <b>If/else</b> statements can be written without the use of parentheses and
+      curly brackets. As with functions and other block expressions,
+      multi-line conditionals are delimited by indentation. There's also a handy
+      postfix form, with the <tt>if</tt> or <tt>unless</tt> at the end.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      CoffeeScript will compile <b>if</b> statements using the ternary operator
+      when possible, to make it easier to use the result as an expression.
+    </p>
+    <%= code_for('conditionals') %>
+    <p>
+      The conditional assignment operators are included: <tt>||=</tt>,
+      which only assigns a value to a variable if the variable's current value
+      is falsy, and <tt>&amp;&amp;=</tt>, which only replaces the value of
+      truthy variables.
+    </p>
+
+    <p id="existence">
+      <b class="header">The Existence Operator</b>
+      It's a little difficult to check for the existence of a variable in
+      JavaScript. <tt>if (variable) ...</tt> comes close, but fails for zero,
+      the empty string, and false. The existence operator <tt>?</tt> returns true unless
+      a variable is <b>null</b> or <b>undefined</b>, which makes it analogous
+      to Ruby's <tt>nil?</tt>
+    </p>
+    <%= code_for('existence') %>
+
+    <p id="aliases">
+      <b class="header">Aliases</b>
+      Because the <tt>==</tt> operator frequently causes undesirable coercion,
+      is intransitive, and has a different meaning than in other languages,
+      CoffeeScript compiles <tt>==</tt> into <tt>===</tt>, and <tt>!=</tt> into
+      <tt>!==</tt>.
+      In addition, <tt>is</tt> compiles into <tt>===</tt>,
+      and <tt>isnt</tt> into <tt>!==</tt>.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      You can use <tt>not</tt> as an alias for <tt>!</tt>.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      For logic, <tt>and</tt> compiles to <tt>&amp;&amp;</tt>, and <tt>or</tt>
+      into <tt>||</tt>.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Instead of a newline or semicolon, <tt>then</tt> can be used to separate
+      conditions from expressions, in <b>while</b>,
+      <b>if</b>/<b>else</b>, and <b>switch</b>/<b>when</b> statements.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      As in <a href="http://yaml.org/">YAML</a>, <tt>on</tt> and <tt>yes</tt>
+      are the same as boolean <tt>true</tt>, while <tt>off</tt> and <tt>no</tt> are boolean <tt>false</tt>.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      For single-line statements, <tt>unless</tt> can be used as the inverse of <tt>if</tt>.
+    </p>
+    <%= code_for('aliases') %>
+
+    <p id="splats">
+      <b class="header">Splats...</b>
+      The JavaScript <b>arguments object</b> is a useful way to work with
+      functions that accept variable numbers of arguments. CoffeeScript provides
+      splats <tt>...</tt>, both for function definition as well as invocation,
+      making variable arguments a little bit more palatable.
+    </p>
+    <%= code_for('splats', true) %>
+
+    <p id="arguments">
+      <b class="header">Arguments are Arrays</b>
+      If you reference the <b>arguments object</b> directly, it will be converted
+      into a real Array, making all of the
+      <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/En/Core_JavaScript_1.5_Reference/Objects/Array">Array methods</a>
+      available.
+    </p>
+    <%= code_for('arguments', true) %>
+
+    <p id="while">
+      <b class="header">While Loops</b>
+      The only low-level loop that CoffeeScript provides is the while loop.
+    </p>
+    <%= code_for('while') %>
+    <p>
+      Other JavaScript loops, such as <b>for</b> loops and <b>do-while</b> loops
+      can be mimicked by variations on <b>while</b>, but the hope is that you
+      won't need to do that with CoffeeScript, either because you're using
+      <b>each</b> (<b>forEach</b>) style iterators, or...
+    </p>
+
+    <p id="comprehensions">
+      <b class="header">Comprehensions (Arrays, Objects, and Ranges)</b>
+      For your looping needs, CoffeeScript provides array comprehensions
+      similar to Python's. They replace (and compile into) <b>for</b> loops, with
+      optional guard clauses and the value of the current array index.
+      Unlike for loops, array comprehensions are expressions, and can be returned
+      and assigned. They should be able to handle most places where you otherwise
+      would use a loop, <b>each</b>/<b>forEach</b>, <b>map</b>, or <b>select</b>/<b>filter</b>.
+    </p>
+    <%= code_for('array_comprehensions') %>
+    <p>
+      If you know the start and end of your loop, or would like to step through
+      in fixed-size increments, you can use a range to specify the start and
+      end of your comprehension. (The long line-breaking "for" definitions in
+      the compiled JS below allow ranges to count downwards, as well as upwards).
+    </p>
+    <%= code_for('range_comprehensions', 'countdown') %>
+    <p>
+      Comprehensions can also be used to iterate over the keys and values in
+      an object. Use <tt>of</tt> to signal comprehension over the properties of
+      an object instead of the values in an array.
+    </p>
+    <%= code_for('object_comprehensions', 'ages.join(", ")') %>
+
+    <p id="slice_splice">
+      <b class="header">Array Slicing and Splicing with Ranges</b>
+      CoffeeScript borrows Ruby's
+      <a href="http://ruby-doc.org/core/classes/Range.html">range syntax</a>
+      for extracting slices of arrays. With two dots (<tt>3..5</tt>), the range
+      is inclusive: the first argument is the index of the first element in
+      the slice, and the second is the index of the last one. Three dots signify
+      a range that excludes the end.
+    </p>
+    <%= code_for('slices', 'numbers_copy') %>
+    <p>
+      The same syntax can be used with assignment to replace a segment of an
+      array with new values (to splice it).
+    </p>
+    <%= code_for('splices', 'numbers') %>
+
+    <p id="expressions">
+      <b class="header">Everything is an Expression (at least, as much as possible)</b>
+      You might have noticed how even though we don't add return statements
+      to CoffeeScript functions, they nonetheless return their final value.
+      The CoffeeScript compiler tries to make sure that all statements in the
+      language can be used as expressions. Watch how the <tt>return</tt> gets
+      pushed down into each possible branch of execution, in the function
+      below.
+    </p>
+    <%= code_for('expressions', 'eldest') %>
+    <p>
+      Even though functions will always return their final value, it's both possible
+      and encouraged to return early from a function body writing out the explicit
+      return (<tt>return value</tt>), when you know that you're done.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Because variable declarations occur at the top of scope, assignment can
+      be used within expressions, even for variables that haven't been seen before:
+    </p>
+    <%= code_for('expressions_assignment', 'six') %>
+    <p>
+      Things that would otherwise be statements in JavaScript, when used
+      as part of an expression in CoffeeScript, are converted into expressions
+      by wrapping them in a closure. This lets you do useful things, like assign
+      the result of a comprehension to a variable:
+    </p>
+    <%= code_for('expressions_comprehension', 'globals') %>
+    <p>
+      As well as silly things, like passing a <b>try/catch</b> statement directly
+      into a function call:
+    </p>
+    <%= code_for('expressions_try', true) %>
+
+    <p id="inheritance">
+      <b class="header">Inheritance, and Calling Super from a Subclass</b>
+      JavaScript's prototypal inheritance has always been a bit of a
+      brain-bender, with a whole family tree of libraries that provide a cleaner
+      syntax for classical inheritance on top of JavaScript's prototypes:
+      <a href="http://code.google.com/p/base2/">Base2</a>,
+      <a href="http://prototypejs.org/">Prototype.js</a>,
+      <a href="http://jsclass.jcoglan.com/">JS.Class</a>, etc.
+      The libraries provide syntactic sugar, but the built-in inheritance would
+      be completely usable if it weren't for a couple of small exceptions:
+      it's awkward to call <b>super</b> (the prototype object's
+      implementation of the current function), and it's awkward to correctly
+      set the prototype chain.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      CoffeeScript provides <tt>extends</tt>
+      to help with prototype setup, <tt>::</tt> for quick access to an
+      object's prototype, and converts <tt>super()</tt> into a call against
+      the immediate ancestor's method of the same name.
+    </p>
+    <%= code_for('super', true) %>
+
+    <p id="blocks">
+      <b class="header">Blocks</b>
+      Many common looping functions (in Prototype, jQuery, and Underscore,
+      for example) take a single function as their final argument. To make
+      final functions easier to pass, CoffeeScript includes block syntax,
+      so you don't have to close the parentheses on the other side.
+    </p>
+    <%= code_for('blocks') %>
+    <p>
+      If you prefer not to use blocks, you'll need to add a pair of parentheses
+      to help distinguish the arguments from the definition of the function:
+      <tt>_.map(array, (num => num * 2))</tt>
+    </p>
+
+    <p id="pattern_matching">
+      <b class="header">Pattern Matching (Destructuring Assignment)</b>
+      To make extracting values from complex arrays and objects more convenient,
+      CoffeeScript implements ECMAScript Harmony's proposed
+      <a href="http://wiki.ecmascript.org/doku.php?id=harmony:destructuring">destructuring assignment</a>
+      syntax. When you assign an array or object literal to a value, CoffeeScript
+      breaks up and matches both sides against each other, assigning the values
+      on the right to the variables on the left. In the simplest case, it can be
+      used for parallel assignment:
+    </p>
+    <%= code_for('parallel_assignment', 'bait') %>
+    <p>
+      But it's also helpful for dealing with functions that return multiple
+      values.
+    </p>
+    <%= code_for('multiple_return_values', 'forecast') %>
+    <p>
+      Pattern matching can be used with any depth of array and object nesting,
+      to help pull out deeply nested properties.
+    </p>
+    <%= code_for('object_extraction', 'poet + " — " + street') %>
+
+    <p id="embedded">
+      <b class="header">Embedded JavaScript</b>
+      Hopefully, you'll never need to use it, but if you ever need to intersperse
+      snippets of JavaScript within your CoffeeScript, you can
+      use backticks to pass it straight through.
+    </p>
+    <%= code_for('embedded', 'hi()') %>
+
+    <p id="switch">
+      <b class="header">Switch/When/Else</b>
+      <b>Switch</b> statements in JavaScript are rather broken. You can only
+      do comparisons based on string equality, and need to remember to <b>break</b> at the end of
+      every <b>case</b> statement to avoid accidentally falling through to
+      the default case. CoffeeScript compiles <b>switch</b> statements into JavaScript if-else chains, allowing you to
+      compare any object (via <b>===</b>), preventing fall-through, and resulting
+      in a returnable, assignable expression. The format is: <tt>switch</tt> condition,
+      <tt>when</tt> clauses, <tt>else</tt> the default case.
+    </p>
+    <%= code_for('switch') %>
+
+    <p id="try">
+      <b class="header">Try/Catch/Finally</b>
+      Try/catch statements are just about the same as JavaScript (although
+      they work as expressions).
+    </p>
+    <%= code_for('try') %>
+
+    <p id="strings">
+      <b class="header">Multiline Strings and Heredocs</b>
+      Multiline strings are allowed in CoffeeScript.
+    </p>
+    <%= code_for('strings', 'moby_dick') %>
+    <p>
+      Heredocs can be used to hold formatted or indentation-sensitive text
+      (or, if you just don't feel like escaping quotes and apostrophes). The
+      indentation level that begins the heredoc is maintained throughout, so
+      you can keep it all aligned with the body of your code.
+    </p>
+    <%= code_for('heredocs') %>
+
+    <h2 id="resources">Resources</h2>
+
+    <ul>
+      <li>
+        <a href="http://github.com/jashkenas/coffee-script/">Source Code</a><br />
+        After checking out the source, make sure to run <tt>rake build:parser</tt>
+        to generate an up-to-date version of the Racc parser.
+        Use <tt>bin/coffee</tt> to test your changes,
+        <tt>rake test</tt> to run the test suite,
+        and <tt>rake gem:install</tt> to
+        create and install a custom version of the gem.
+      </li>
+      <li>
+        <a href="http://github.com/jashkenas/coffee-script/issues">Bugs, Feature Requests, and General Discussion</a>
+      </li>
+      <li>
+        <a href="http://github.com/jnicklas/bistro_car">BistroCar</a><br />
+        A Rails plugin by
+        <a href="http://github.com/jnicklas">Jonas Nicklas</a>
+        that includes CoffeeScript helpers,
+        bundling and minification.
+      </li>
+    </ul>
+
+    <h2 id="contributing">Contributing</h2>
+
+    <p>
+      Here's a wish list of things that would be wonderful to have contributed:
+    </p>
+
+    <ul>
+      <li>
+        <a href="http://github.com/jashkenas/coffee-script/issues#issue/8">
+          A CoffeeScript version of the compiler.
+        </a>
+      </li>
+      <li>
+        Test cases for any syntax errors you encounter that you think CoffeeScript
+        should be able to compile properly.
+      </li>
+      <li>
+        A tutorial that introduces CoffeeScript from the ground up for folks
+        without knowledge of JavaScript.
+      </li>
+      <li>
+        Integration with Processing.js's JavaScript API (this would depend on
+        having a JavaScript version of the compiler).
+      </li>
+      <li>
+        A lot of the code generation in <tt>nodes.rb</tt> gets into messy
+        string manipulation. Techniques for cleaning this up across the board
+        would be appreciated.
+      </li>
+    </ul>
+
+    <h2 id="change_log">Change Log</h2>
+    
+    <p>
+      <b class="header" style="margin-top: 20px;">0.2.4</b>
+      Added ECMAScript Harmony style destructuring assignment, for dealing with
+      extracting values from nested arrays and objects. Added indentation-sensitive
+      heredocs for nicely formatted strings or chunks of code.
+    </p>
+
+    <p>
+      <b class="header" style="margin-top: 20px;">0.2.3</b>
+      Axed the unsatisfactory <tt>ino</tt> keyword, replacing it with <tt>of</tt> for
+      object comprehensions. They now look like: <tt>for prop, value of object</tt>.
+    </p>
+
+    <p>
+      <b class="header" style="margin-top: 20px;">0.2.2</b>
+      When performing a comprehension over an object, use <tt>ino</tt>, instead
+      of <tt>in</tt>, which helps us generate smaller, more efficient code at
+      compile time.
+      <br />
+      Added <tt>::</tt> as a shorthand for saying <tt>.prototype.</tt>
+      <br />
+      The "splat" symbol has been changed from a prefix asterisk <tt>*</tt>, to
+      a postfix ellipsis <tt>...</tt>
+      <br />
+      Added JavaScript's <tt>in</tt> operator,
+      empty <tt>return</tt> statements, and empty <tt>while</tt> loops.
+      <br />
+      Constructor functions that start with capital letters now include a
+      safety check to make sure that the new instance of the object is returned.
+      <br />
+      The <tt>extends</tt> keyword now functions identically to <tt>goog.inherits</tt>
+      in Google's Closure Library.
+    </p>
+
+    <p>
+      <b class="header" style="margin-top: 20px;">0.2.1</b>
+      Arguments objects are now converted into real arrays when referenced.
+    </p>
+
+    <p>
+      <b class="header" style="margin-top: 20px;">0.2.0</b>
+      Major release. Significant whitespace. Better statement-to-expression
+      conversion. Splats. Splice literals. Object comprehensions. Blocks.
+      The existence operator. Many thanks to all the folks who posted issues,
+      with special thanks to
+      <a href="http://github.com/kamatsu">Liam O'Connor-Davis</a> for whitespace
+      and expression help.
+    </p>
+
+    <p>
+      <b class="header" style="margin-top: 20px;">0.1.6</b>
+      Bugfix for running <tt>coffee --interactive</tt> and <tt>--run</tt>
+      from outside of the CoffeeScript directory. Bugfix for nested
+      function/if-statements.
+    </p>
+
+    <p>
+      <b class="header" style="margin-top: 20px;">0.1.5</b>
+      Array slice literals and array comprehensions can now both take Ruby-style
+      ranges to specify the start and end. JavaScript variable declaration is
+      now pushed up to the top of the scope, making all assignment statements into
+      expressions. You can use <tt>\</tt> to escape newlines.
+      The <tt>coffee-script</tt> command is now called <tt>coffee</tt>.
+    </p>
+
+    <p>
+      <b class="header" style="margin-top: 20px;">0.1.4</b>
+      The official CoffeeScript extension is now <tt>.coffee</tt> instead of
+      <tt>.cs</tt>, which properly belongs to
+      <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_Sharp_(programming_language)">C#</a>.
+      Due to popular demand, you can now also use <tt>=</tt> to assign. Unlike
+      JavaScript, <tt>=</tt> can also be used within object literals, interchangeably
+      with <tt>:</tt>. Made a grammatical fix for chained function calls
+      like <tt>func(1)(2)(3)(4)</tt>. Inheritance and super no longer use
+      <tt>__proto__</tt>, so they should be IE-compatible now.
+    </p>
+
+    <p>
+      <b class="header" style="margin-top: 20px;">0.1.3</b>
+      The <tt>coffee</tt> command now includes <tt>--interactive</tt>,
+      which launches an interactive CoffeeScript session, and <tt>--run</tt>,
+      which directly compiles and executes a script. Both options depend on a
+      working installation of Narwhal.
+      The <tt>aint</tt> keyword has been replaced by <tt>isnt</tt>, which goes
+      together a little smoother with <tt>is</tt>.
+      Quoted strings are now allowed as identifiers within object literals: eg.
+      <tt>{"5+5": 10}</tt>.
+      All assignment operators now use a colon: <tt>+:</tt>, <tt>-:</tt>,
+      <tt>*:</tt>, etc.
+    </p>
+
+    <p>
+      <b class="header" style="margin-top: 20px;">0.1.2</b>
+      Fixed a bug with calling <tt>super()</tt> through more than one level of
+      inheritance, with the re-addition of the <tt>extends</tt> keyword.
+      Added experimental <a href="http://narwhaljs.org/">Narwhal</a>
+      support (as a Tusk package), contributed by
+      <a href="http://tlrobinson.net/">Tom Robinson</a>, including
+      <b>bin/cs</b> as a CoffeeScript REPL and interpreter.
+      New <tt>--no-wrap</tt> option to suppress the safety function
+      wrapper.
+    </p>
+
+    <p>
+      <b class="header" style="margin-top: 20px;">0.1.1</b>
+      Added <tt>instanceof</tt> and <tt>typeof</tt> as operators.
+    </p>
+
+    <p>
+      <b class="header" style="margin-top: 20px;">0.1.0</b>
+      Initial CoffeeScript release.
+    </p>
+
+  </div>
+
+</body>
+</html>

documentation/js/aliases.js

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+(function(){
+  var volume;
+  if (ignition === true) {
+    launch();
+  }
+  if (band !== spinal_tap) {
+    volume = 10;
+  }
+  if (!(answer === false)) {
+    let_the_wild_rumpus_begin();
+  }
+  car.speed < speed_limit ? accelerate() : null;
+})();

documentation/js/arguments.js

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+(function(){
+  var backwards;
+  backwards = function backwards() {
+    return alert(Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 0).reverse());
+  };
+  backwards("stairway", "to", "heaven");
+})();

documentation/js/array_comprehensions.js

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+(function(){
+  var __a, __b, __c, __d, __e, __f, __g, food, lunch, roid, roid2;
+  // Eat lunch.
+  lunch = (function() {
+    __a = []; __b = ['toast', 'cheese', 'wine'];
+    for (__c=0; __c<__b.length; __c++) {
+      food = __b[__c];
+      __a.push(eat(food));
+    }
+    return __a;
+  })();
+  // Naive collision detection.
+  __d = asteroids;
+  for (__e=0; __e<__d.length; __e++) {
+    roid = __d[__e];
+    __f = asteroids;
+    for (__g=0; __g<__f.length; __g++) {
+      roid2 = __f[__g];
+      if (roid !== roid2) {
+        if (roid.overlaps(roid2)) {
+          roid.explode();
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+})();

documentation/js/assignment.js

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+(function(){
+  var difficulty, greeting;
+  greeting = "Hello CoffeeScript";
+  difficulty = 0.5;
+})();

documentation/js/blocks.js

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+(function(){
+  $('table.list').each(function(table) {
+    return $('tr.account', table).each(function(row) {
+      row.show();
+      return row.highlight();
+    });
+  });
+})();

documentation/js/conditionals.js

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+(function(){
+  var date, mood;
+  if (singing) {
+    mood = greatly_improved;
+  }
+  if (happy && knows_it) {
+    claps_hands();
+    cha_cha_cha();
+  }
+  date = friday ? sue : jill;
+  expensive = expensive || do_the_math();
+})();

documentation/js/embedded.js

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+(function(){
+  var hi;
+  hi = function() {
+  return [document.title, "Hello JavaScript"].join(": ");
+};
+})();

documentation/js/existence.js

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+(function(){
+  var solipsism;
+  if ((typeof mind !== "undefined" && mind !== null) && !(typeof world !== "undefined" && world !== null)) {
+    solipsism = true;
+  }
+})();

documentation/js/expressions.js

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+(function(){
+  var eldest, grade;
+  grade = function grade(student) {
+    if (student.excellent_work) {
+      return "A+";
+    } else if (student.okay_stuff) {
+      return student.tried_hard ? "B" : "B-";
+    } else {
+      return "C";
+    }
+  };
+  eldest = 24 > 21 ? "Liz" : "Ike";
+})();

documentation/js/expressions_assignment.js

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+(function(){
+  var one, six, three, two;
+  six = (one = 1) + (two = 2) + (three = 3);
+})();

documentation/js/expressions_comprehension.js

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+(function(){
+  var __a, __b, globals, name;
+  // The first ten global properties.
+  globals = ((function() {
+    __a = []; __b = window;
+    for (name in __b) {
+      if (__b.hasOwnProperty(name)) {
+        __a.push(name);
+      }
+    }
+    return __a;
+  })()).slice(0, 10);
+})();

documentation/js/expressions_try.js

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+(function(){
+  alert((function() {
+    try {
+      return nonexistent / undefined;
+    } catch (error) {
+      return "Caught an error: " + error;
+    }
+  })());
+})();

documentation/js/functions.js

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+(function(){
+  var cube, square;
+  square = function square(x) {
+    return x * x;
+  };
+  cube = function cube(x) {
+    return square(x) * x;
+  };
+})();

documentation/js/heredocs.js

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+(function(){
+  var html;
+  html = "<strong>\n  cup of coffeescript\n</strong>";
+})();

documentation/js/intro.js

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+(function(){
+
+  // CoffeeScript on the left, JS on the right.
+  var square = function(x) {
+    return x * x;
+  };
+})();

documentation/js/multiple_return_values.js

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+(function(){
+  var __a, city, forecast, temp, weather_report;
+  weather_report = function weather_report(location) {
+    // Make an Ajax request to fetch the weather...
+    return [location, 72, "Mostly Sunny"];
+  };
+  __a = weather_report("Berkeley, CA");
+  city = __a[0];
+  temp = __a[1];
+  forecast = __a[2];
+})();

documentation/js/object_comprehensions.js

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+(function(){
+  var __a, __b, age, ages, child, years_old;
+  years_old = {
+    max: 10,
+    ida: 9,
+    tim: 11
+  };
+  ages = (function() {
+    __a = []; __b = years_old;
+    for (child in __b) {
+      age = __b[child];
+      if (__b.hasOwnProperty(child)) {
+        __a.push(child + " is " + age);
+      }
+    }
+    return __a;
+  })();
+})();

documentation/js/object_extraction.js

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+(function(){
+  var __a, __b, __c, city, futurists, poet, street;
+  futurists = {
+    sculptor: "Umberto Boccioni",
+    painter: "Vladimir Burliuk",
+    poet: {
+      name: "F.T. Marinetti",
+      address: ["Via Roma 42R", "Bellagio, Italy 22021"]
+    }
+  };
+  __a = futurists;
+  __b = __a.poet;
+  poet = __b.name;
+  __c = __b.address;
+  street = __c[0];
+  city = __c[1];
+})();

documentation/js/objects_and_arrays.js

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+(function(){
+  var ages, matrix, song;
+  song = ["do", "re", "mi", "fa", "so"];
+  ages = {
+    max: 10,
+    ida: 9,
+    tim: 11
+  };
+  matrix = [1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0];
+})();

documentation/js/overview.js

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+(function(){
+  var __a, __b, __c, cubed_list, list, math, num, number, opposite_day, race, square;
+  // Assignment:
+  number = 42;
+  opposite_day = true;
+  // Conditions:
+  if (opposite_day) {
+    number = -42;
+  }
+  // Functions:
+  square = function square(x) {
+    return x * x;
+  };
+  // Arrays:
+  list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
+  // Objects:
+  math = {
+    root: Math.sqrt,
+    square: square,
+    cube: function cube(x) {
+      return x * square(x);
+    }
+  };
+  // Splats:
+  race = function race(winner) {
+    var runners;
+    runners = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 1);
+    return print(winner, runners);
+  };
+  // Existence:
+  if ((typeof elvis !== "undefined" && elvis !== null)) {
+    alert("I knew it!");
+  }
+  // Array comprehensions:
+  cubed_list = (function() {
+    __a = []; __b = list;
+    for (__c=0; __c<__b.length; __c++) {
+      num = __b[__c];
+      __a.push(math.cube(num));
+    }
+    return __a;
+  })();
+})();

documentation/js/parallel_assignment.js

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+(function(){
+  var __a, and_switch, bait;
+  bait = 1000;
+  and_switch = 0;
+  __a = [and_switch, bait];
+  bait = __a[0];
+  and_switch = __a[1];
+})();

documentation/js/punctuation.js

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+(function(){
+
+  // Comments start with hash marks. Periods mark the end of a block.
+  var left_hand = raining ? umbrella : parasol;
+  // To signal the beginning of the next expression,
+  // use "then", or a newline.
+  left_hand = raining ? umbrella : parasol;
+})();

documentation/js/range_comprehensions.js

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+(function(){
+  var __a, __b, __c, __d, __e, countdown, egg_delivery, num;
+  countdown = (function() {
+    __a = []; __d = 10; __e = 1;
+    for (__c=0, num=__d; (__d <= __e ? num <= __e : num >= __e); (__d <= __e ? num += 1 : num -= 1), __c++) {
+      __a.push(num);
+    }
+    return __a;
+  })();
+  egg_delivery = function egg_delivery() {
+    var __f, __g, __h, __i, __j, dozen_eggs, i;
+    __f = []; __i = 0; __j = eggs.length;
+    for (__h=0, i=__i; (__i <= __j ? i < __j : i > __j); (__i <= __j ? i += 12 : i -= 12), __h++) {
+      __f.push((function() {
+        dozen_eggs = eggs.slice(i, i + 12);
+        return deliver(new egg_carton(dozen));
+      })());
+    }
+    return __f;
+  };
+})();

documentation/js/scope.js

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+(function(){
+  var change_numbers, new_num, num;
+  num = 1;
+  change_numbers = function change_numbers() {
+    var new_num;
+    new_num = -1;
+    return num = 10;
+  };
+  new_num = change_numbers();
+})();

documentation/js/slices.js

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+(function(){
+  var numbers, numbers_copy, three_to_six;
+  numbers = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9];
+  three_to_six = numbers.slice(3, 6 + 1);
+  numbers_copy = numbers.slice(0, numbers.length);
+})();

documentation/js/splats.js

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+(function(){
+  var contenders, gold, medalists, silver, the_field;
+  gold = silver = the_field = "unknown";
+  medalists = function medalists(first, second) {
+    var rest;
+    rest = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 2);
+    gold = first;
+    silver = second;
+    return the_field = rest;
+  };
+  contenders = ["Michael Phelps", "Liu Xiang", "Yao Ming", "Allyson Felix", "Shawn Johnson", "Roman Sebrle", "Guo Jingjing", "Tyson Gay", "Asafa Powell", "Usain Bolt"];
+  medalists.apply(this, contenders);
+  alert("Gold: " + gold);
+  alert("Silver: " + silver);
+  alert("The Field: " + the_field);
+})();

documentation/js/splices.js

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+(function(){
+  var numbers;
+  numbers = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9];
+  numbers.splice.apply(numbers, [3, 6 - 3 + 1].concat([-3, -4, -5, -6]));
+})();

documentation/js/strings.js

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+(function(){
+  var moby_dick;
+  moby_dick = "Call me Ishmael. Some years ago -- \
+never mind how long precisely -- having little \
+or no money in my purse, and nothing particular \
+to interest me on shore, I thought I would sail \
+about a little and see the watery part of the \
+world...";
+})();

documentation/js/super.js

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+(function(){
+  var Animal, Horse, Snake, __a, __b, sam, tom;
+  Animal = function Animal() {
+  };
+  Animal.prototype.move = function move(meters) {
+    return alert(this.name + " moved " + meters + "m.");
+  };
+  Snake = function Snake(name) {
+    var __a;
+    __a = this.name = name;
+    return Snake === this.constructor ? this : __a;
+  };
+  __a = function(){};
+  __a.prototype = Animal.prototype;
+  Snake.__superClass__ = Animal.prototype;
+  Snake.prototype = new __a();
+  Snake.prototype.constructor = Snake;
+  Snake.prototype.move = function move() {
+    alert("Slithering...");
+    return Snake.__superClass__.move.call(this, 5);
+  };
+  Horse = function Horse(name) {
+    var __b;
+    __b = this.name = name;
+    return Horse === this.constructor ? this : __b;
+  };
+  __b = function(){};
+  __b.prototype = Animal.prototype;
+  Horse.__superClass__ = Animal.prototype;
+  Horse.prototype = new __b();
+  Horse.prototype.constructor = Horse;
+  Horse.prototype.move = function move() {
+    alert("Galloping...");
+    return Horse.__superClass__.move.call(this, 45);
+  };
+  sam = new Snake("Sammy the Python");
+  tom = new Horse("Tommy the Palomino");
+  sam.move();
+  tom.move();
+})();

documentation/js/switch.js

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+(function(){
+  if (day === "Tuesday") {
+    eat_breakfast();
+  } else if (day === "Wednesday") {
+    go_to_the_park();
+  } else if (day === "Saturday") {
+    if (day === bingo_day) {
+      go_to_bingo();
+      go_dancing();
+    }
+  } else if (day === "Sunday") {
+    go_to_church();
+  } else {
+    go_to_work();
+  }
+})();

documentation/js/try.js

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+(function(){
+  try {
+    all_hell_breaks_loose();
+    cats_and_dogs_living_together();
+  } catch (error) {
+    print(error);
+  } finally {
+    clean_up();
+  }
+})();

documentation/js/while.js

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+(function(){
+  while (demand > supply) {
+    sell();
+    restock();
+  }
+  while (supply > demand) {
+    buy();
+  }
+})();

documentation/speed.html

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+  <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8" />
+  <title>Quickie CoffeeScript Speed Tests</title>
+  <script type="text/javascript" src="http://www.broofa.com/Tools/JSLitmus/JSLitmus.js"></script>
+</head>
+<body>
+
+  <h1>Quickie CoffeeScript Speed Tests</h1>
+
+  <script type="text/javascript">
+    var num = 1000;
+    var arr = [];
+    while (num--) arr.push(num);
+
+    JSLitmus.test('current comprehensions', function() {
+      __a = arr;
+      __c = [];
+      for (__b in __a) {
+        if (__a.hasOwnProperty(__b)) {
+          num = __a[__b];
+          __d = num;
+          __c.push(num);
+        }
+      }
+    });
+
+    JSLitmus.test('raw for loop (best we can do)', function() {
+      __a = arr;
+      __c = new Array(__a.length);
+      for (__b=0; __b < __a.length; __b++) {
+        __c[__b] = __a[__b];
+      }
+    });
+
+    JSLitmus.test('current without hasOwnProperty check', function() {
+      __a = arr;
+      __c = [];
+      for (__b in __a) {
+        num = __a[__b];
+        __d = num;
+        __c.push(num);
+      }
+    });
+
+    JSLitmus.test('raw for..in loop', function() {
+      __a = arr;
+      __c = new Array(__a.length);
+      for (__b in __a) {
+        __c[__b] = __a[__b];
+      }
+    });
+
+    JSLitmus.test('weepy\'s comprehensions', function() {
+      __c = []; __a = arr;
+      __d = function(num, __b) {
+        __c.push(num);
+      };
+      if (__a instanceof Array) {
+        for (__b=0; __b<__a.length; __b++) __d(__a[__b], __b);
+      } else {
+        for (__b in __a) { if (__a.hasOwnProperty(__b)) __d(__a[__b], __b); }
+      }
+    });
+
+    JSLitmus.test('CoffeeScript 0.2.2 comprehensions', function() {
+      __c = []; __a = arr;
+      for (__b=0; __b<__a.length; __b++) {
+        num = __a[__b];
+        __c.push(num);
+      }
+    });
+  </script>
+
+</body>
+</html>

documentation/underscore.html

@@ -0,0 +1,627 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en">
+
+<head>
+  <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
+  <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen,projection,print" href="css/idle.css" />
+  <title>Underscore.coffee</title>
+  <style type="text/css">
+    body {
+      margin: 0; padding: 0;
+    }
+    pre.idle {
+      font-family: "Monaco", "Consolas", monospace;
+      font-size: 12px;
+    }
+  </style>
+</head>
+
+<body>
+<pre class="idle"><span class="line-numbers">   1 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers">   2 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Underscore.coffee</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">   3 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> (c) 2009 Jeremy Ashkenas, DocumentCloud Inc.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">   4 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Underscore is freely distributable under the terms of the MIT license.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">   5 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Portions of Underscore are inspired by or borrowed from Prototype.js,</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">   6 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Oliver Steele's Functional, and John Resig's Micro-Templating.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">   7 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> For all details and documentation:</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">   8 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> http://documentcloud.github.com/underscore/</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">   9 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  10 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  11 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> ------------------------- Baseline setup ---------------------------------</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  12 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  13 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Establish the root object, &quot;window&quot; in the browser, or &quot;global&quot; on the server.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  14 </span>   <span class="FunctionName">root</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> <span class="Variable">this</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  15 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  16 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  17 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Save the previous value of the &quot;_&quot; variable.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  18 </span>   <span class="FunctionName">previousUnderscore</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> root._
+<span class="line-numbers">  19 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  20 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  21 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> If Underscore is called as a function, it returns a wrapped object that</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  22 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> can be used OO-style. This wrapper holds altered versions of all the</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  23 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> underscore functions. Wrapped objects may be chained.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  24 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  wrapper: obj </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  25 </span>     <span class="FunctionName">this._wrapped</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> obj
+<span class="line-numbers">  26 </span>     <span class="Variable">this</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  27 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  28 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  29 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Establish the object that gets thrown to break out of a loop iteration.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  30 </span>   <span class="FunctionName">breaker</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> <span class="Keyword">if</span> <span class="Keyword">typeof</span>(StopIteration) <span class="Keyword">is</span> <span class="String"><span class="String">'</span>undefined<span class="String">'</span></span> <span class="Keyword">then</span> <span class="String"><span class="String">'</span>__break__<span class="String">'</span></span> <span class="Keyword">else</span> StopIteration
+<span class="line-numbers">  31 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  32 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  33 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Create a safe reference to the Underscore object forreference below.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  34 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _: root._: obj </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span> <span class="Keyword">new</span> <span class="TypeName">wrapper</span>(obj)
+<span class="line-numbers">  35 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  36 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  37 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Export the Underscore object for CommonJS.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  38 </span>   <span class="Keyword">if</span> <span class="Keyword">typeof</span>(exports) <span class="Keyword">!</span><span class="Keyword">=</span> <span class="String"><span class="String">'</span>undefined<span class="String">'</span></span> <span class="Keyword">then</span> <span class="FunctionName">exports._</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> _
+<span class="line-numbers">  39 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  40 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  41 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Create quick reference variables for speed access to core prototypes.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  42 </span>   <span class="FunctionName">slice</span><span class="Keyword">:</span>                Array<span class="Keyword">:</span><span class="Keyword">:</span>slice
+<span class="line-numbers">  43 </span>   <span class="FunctionName">unshift</span><span class="Keyword">:</span>              Array<span class="Keyword">:</span><span class="Keyword">:</span>unshift
+<span class="line-numbers">  44 </span>   <span class="FunctionName">toString</span><span class="Keyword">:</span>             Object<span class="Keyword">:</span><span class="Keyword">:</span>toString
+<span class="line-numbers">  45 </span>   <span class="FunctionName">hasOwnProperty</span><span class="Keyword">:</span>       Object<span class="Keyword">:</span><span class="Keyword">:</span>hasOwnProperty
+<span class="line-numbers">  46 </span>   <span class="FunctionName">propertyIsEnumerable</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> Object<span class="Keyword">:</span><span class="Keyword">:</span>propertyIsEnumerable
+<span class="line-numbers">  47 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  48 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  49 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Current version.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  50 </span>   <span class="FunctionName">_.VERSION</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> <span class="String"><span class="String">'</span>0.5.5<span class="String">'</span></span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  51 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  52 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  53 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> ------------------------ Collection Functions: ---------------------------</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  54 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  55 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> The cornerstone, an each implementation.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  56 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Handles objects implementing forEach, arrays, and raw objects.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  57 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.each: obj, iterator, context </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  58 </span>     <span class="FunctionName">index</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> <span class="Number">0</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  59 </span>     <span class="Keyword">try</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  60 </span>       <span class="Keyword">return</span> obj.forEach(iterator, context) <span class="Keyword">if</span> obj.forEach
+<span class="line-numbers">  61 </span>       <span class="Keyword">if</span> _.isArray(obj) <span class="Keyword">or</span> _.isArguments(obj)
+<span class="line-numbers">  62 </span>         <span class="Keyword">return</span> iterator.call(context, obj[i], i, obj) <span class="Keyword">for</span> i <span class="Keyword">in</span> [<span class="Number">0</span>...obj.length]
+<span class="line-numbers">  63 </span>       iterator.call(context, val, key, obj) <span class="Keyword">for</span> key, val <span class="Keyword">of</span> obj
+<span class="line-numbers">  64 </span>     <span class="Keyword">catch</span> e
+<span class="line-numbers">  65 </span>       <span class="Keyword">throw</span> e <span class="Keyword">if</span> e <span class="Keyword">isnt</span> breaker
+<span class="line-numbers">  66 </span>     obj
+<span class="line-numbers">  67 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  68 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  69 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Return the results of applying the iterator to each element. Use JavaScript</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  70 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> 1.6's version of map, if possible.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  71 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.map: obj, iterator, context </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  72 </span>     <span class="Keyword">return</span> obj.map(iterator, context) <span class="Keyword">if</span> (obj <span class="Keyword">and</span> _.isFunction(obj.map))
+<span class="line-numbers">  73 </span>     <span class="FunctionName">results</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> []
+<span class="line-numbers">  74 </span>     _.each(obj)<span class="FunctionArgument"> value, index, list </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  75 </span>       results.push(iterator.call(context, value, index, list))
+<span class="line-numbers">  76 </span>     results
+<span class="line-numbers">  77 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  78 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  79 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Reduce builds up a single result from a list of values. Also known as</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  80 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> inject, or foldl. Uses JavaScript 1.8's version of reduce, if possible.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  81 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.reduce: obj, memo, iterator, context </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  82 </span>     <span class="Keyword">return</span> obj.reduce(_.bind(iterator, context), memo) <span class="Keyword">if</span> (obj <span class="Keyword">and</span> _.isFunction(obj.reduce))
+<span class="line-numbers">  83 </span>     _.each(obj)<span class="FunctionArgument"> value, index, list </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  84 </span>       <span class="FunctionName">memo</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> iterator.call(context, memo, value, index, list)
+<span class="line-numbers">  85 </span>     memo
+<span class="line-numbers">  86 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  87 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  88 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> The right-associative version of reduce, also known as foldr. Uses</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  89 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> JavaScript 1.8's version of reduceRight, if available.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  90 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.reduceRight: obj, memo, iterator, context </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  91 </span>     <span class="Keyword">return</span> obj.reduceRight(_.bind(iterator, context), memo) <span class="Keyword">if</span> (obj <span class="Keyword">and</span> _.isFunction(obj.reduceRight))
+<span class="line-numbers">  92 </span>     _.each(_.clone(_.toArray(obj)).reverse())<span class="FunctionArgument"> value, index </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  93 </span>       <span class="FunctionName">memo</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> iterator.call(context, memo, value, index, obj)
+<span class="line-numbers">  94 </span>     memo
+<span class="line-numbers">  95 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  96 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  97 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Return the first value which passes a truth test.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  98 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.detect: obj, iterator, context </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers">  99 </span>     <span class="FunctionName">result</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> <span class="BuiltInConstant">null</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 100 </span>     _.each(obj)<span class="FunctionArgument"> value, index, list </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 101 </span>       <span class="Keyword">if</span> iterator.call(context, value, index, list)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 102 </span>         <span class="FunctionName">result</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> value
+<span class="line-numbers"> 103 </span>         _.breakLoop()
+<span class="line-numbers"> 104 </span>     result
+<span class="line-numbers"> 105 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 106 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 107 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Return all the elements that pass a truth test. Use JavaScript 1.6's</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 108 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> filter(), if it exists.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 109 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.select: obj, iterator, context </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 110 </span>     <span class="Keyword">if</span> obj <span class="Keyword">and</span> _.isFunction(obj.filter) <span class="Keyword">then</span> <span class="Keyword">return</span> obj.filter(iterator, context)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 111 </span>     <span class="FunctionName">results</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> []
+<span class="line-numbers"> 112 </span>     _.each(obj)<span class="FunctionArgument"> value, index, list </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 113 </span>       results.push(value) <span class="Keyword">if</span> iterator.call(context, value, index, list)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 114 </span>     results
+<span class="line-numbers"> 115 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 116 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 117 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Return all the elements for which a truth test fails.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 118 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.reject: obj, iterator, context </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 119 </span>     <span class="FunctionName">results</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> []
+<span class="line-numbers"> 120 </span>     _.each(obj)<span class="FunctionArgument"> value, index, list </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 121 </span>       results.push(value) <span class="Keyword">if</span> <span class="Keyword">not</span> iterator.call(context, value, index, list)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 122 </span>     results
+<span class="line-numbers"> 123 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 124 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 125 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Determine whether all of the elements match a truth test. Delegate to</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 126 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> JavaScript 1.6's every(), if it is present.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 127 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.all: obj, iterator, context </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 128 </span>     iterator <span class="Keyword">||</span><span class="Keyword">=</span> _.identity
+<span class="line-numbers"> 129 </span>     <span class="Keyword">return</span> obj.every(iterator, context) <span class="Keyword">if</span> obj <span class="Keyword">and</span> _.isFunction(obj.every)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 130 </span>     <span class="FunctionName">result</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> <span class="BuiltInConstant">true</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 131 </span>     _.each(obj)<span class="FunctionArgument"> value, index, list </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 132 </span>       _.breakLoop() <span class="Keyword">unless</span> (<span class="FunctionName">result</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> result <span class="Keyword">and</span> iterator.call(context, value, index, list))
+<span class="line-numbers"> 133 </span>     result
+<span class="line-numbers"> 134 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 135 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 136 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Determine if at least one element in the object matches a truth test. Use</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 137 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> JavaScript 1.6's some(), if it exists.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 138 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.any: obj, iterator, context </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 139 </span>     iterator <span class="Keyword">||</span><span class="Keyword">=</span> _.identity
+<span class="line-numbers"> 140 </span>     <span class="Keyword">return</span> obj.some(iterator, context) <span class="Keyword">if</span> obj <span class="Keyword">and</span> _.isFunction(obj.some)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 141 </span>     <span class="FunctionName">result</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> <span class="BuiltInConstant">false</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 142 </span>     _.each(obj)<span class="FunctionArgument"> value, index, list </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 143 </span>       _.breakLoop() <span class="Keyword">if</span> (<span class="FunctionName">result</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> iterator.call(context, value, index, list))
+<span class="line-numbers"> 144 </span>     result
+<span class="line-numbers"> 145 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 146 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 147 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Determine if a given value is included in the array or object,</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 148 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> based on '==='.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 149 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.include: obj, target </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 150 </span>     <span class="Keyword">return</span> _.indexOf(obj, target) <span class="Keyword">isnt</span> <span class="Keyword">-</span><span class="Number">1</span> <span class="Keyword">if</span> _.isArray(obj)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 151 </span>     <span class="Keyword">for</span> key, val <span class="Keyword">of</span> obj
+<span class="line-numbers"> 152 </span>       <span class="Keyword">return</span> <span class="BuiltInConstant">true</span> <span class="Keyword">if</span> val <span class="Keyword">is</span> target
+<span class="line-numbers"> 153 </span>     <span class="BuiltInConstant">false</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 154 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 155 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 156 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Invoke a method with arguments on every item in a collection.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 157 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.invoke: obj, method </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 158 </span>     <span class="FunctionName">args</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> _.rest(arguments, <span class="Number">2</span>)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 159 </span>     (<span class="Keyword">if</span> method <span class="Keyword">then</span> val[method] <span class="Keyword">else</span> val).apply(val, args) <span class="Keyword">for</span> val <span class="Keyword">in</span> obj
+<span class="line-numbers"> 160 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 161 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 162 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Convenience version of a common use case of map: fetching a property.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 163 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.pluck: obj, key </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 164 </span>     _.map(obj, (<span class="FunctionArgument">val </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span> val[key]))
+<span class="line-numbers"> 165 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 166 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 167 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Return the maximum item or (item-based computation).</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 168 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.max: obj, iterator, context </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 169 </span>     <span class="Keyword">return</span> Math.max.apply(Math, obj) <span class="Keyword">if</span> <span class="Keyword">not</span> iterator <span class="Keyword">and</span> _.isArray(obj)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 170 </span>     <span class="FunctionName">result</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> {<span class="FunctionName">computed</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> <span class="Keyword">-</span><span class="BuiltInConstant">Infinity</span>}
+<span class="line-numbers"> 171 </span>     _.each(obj)<span class="FunctionArgument"> value, index, list </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 172 </span>       <span class="FunctionName">computed</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> <span class="Keyword">if</span> iterator <span class="Keyword">then</span> iterator.call(context, value, index, list) <span class="Keyword">else</span> value
+<span class="line-numbers"> 173 </span>       computed <span class="Keyword">&gt;=</span> result.computed <span class="Keyword">and</span> (<span class="FunctionName">result</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> {<span class="FunctionName">value</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> value, <span class="FunctionName">computed</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> computed})
+<span class="line-numbers"> 174 </span>     result.value
+<span class="line-numbers"> 175 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 176 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 177 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Return the minimum element (or element-based computation).</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 178 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.min: obj, iterator, context </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 179 </span>     <span class="Keyword">return</span> Math.min.apply(Math, obj) <span class="Keyword">if</span> <span class="Keyword">not</span> iterator <span class="Keyword">and</span> _.isArray(obj)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 180 </span>     <span class="FunctionName">result</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> {<span class="FunctionName">computed</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> <span class="BuiltInConstant">Infinity</span>}
+<span class="line-numbers"> 181 </span>     _.each(obj)<span class="FunctionArgument"> value, index, list </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 182 </span>       <span class="FunctionName">computed</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> <span class="Keyword">if</span> iterator <span class="Keyword">then</span> iterator.call(context, value, index, list) <span class="Keyword">else</span> value
+<span class="line-numbers"> 183 </span>       computed <span class="Keyword">&lt;</span> result.computed <span class="Keyword">and</span> (<span class="FunctionName">result</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> {<span class="FunctionName">value</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> value, <span class="FunctionName">computed</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> computed})
+<span class="line-numbers"> 184 </span>     result.value
+<span class="line-numbers"> 185 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 186 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 187 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Sort the object's values by a criteria produced by an iterator.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 188 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.sortBy: obj, iterator, context </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 189 </span>     _.pluck(((_.map(obj)<span class="FunctionArgument"> value, index, list </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 190 </span>       {<span class="FunctionName">value</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> value, <span class="FunctionName">criteria</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> iterator.call(context, value, index, list)}
+<span class="line-numbers"> 191 </span>     ).sort()<span class="FunctionArgument"> left, right </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 192 </span>       <span class="FunctionName">a</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> left.criteria; <span class="FunctionName">b</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> right.criteria
+<span class="line-numbers"> 193 </span>       <span class="Keyword">if</span> a <span class="Keyword">&lt;</span> b <span class="Keyword">then</span> <span class="Keyword">-</span><span class="Number">1</span> <span class="Keyword">else</span> <span class="Keyword">if</span> a <span class="Keyword">&gt;</span> b <span class="Keyword">then</span> <span class="Number">1</span> <span class="Keyword">else</span> <span class="Number">0</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 194 </span>     ), <span class="String"><span class="String">'</span>value<span class="String">'</span></span>)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 195 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 196 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 197 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Use a comparator function to figure out at what index an object should</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 198 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> be inserted so as to maintain order. Uses binary search.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 199 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.sortedIndex: array, obj, iterator </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 200 </span>     iterator <span class="Keyword">||</span><span class="Keyword">=</span> _.identity
+<span class="line-numbers"> 201 </span>     <span class="FunctionName">low</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> <span class="Number">0</span>; <span class="FunctionName">high</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> array.length
+<span class="line-numbers"> 202 </span>     <span class="Keyword">while</span> low <span class="Keyword">&lt;</span> high
+<span class="line-numbers"> 203 </span>       <span class="FunctionName">mid</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> (low <span class="Keyword">+</span> high) <span class="Keyword">&gt;</span><span class="Keyword">&gt;</span> <span class="Number">1</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 204 </span>       <span class="Keyword">if</span> iterator(array[mid]) <span class="Keyword">&lt;</span> iterator(obj) <span class="Keyword">then</span> <span class="FunctionName">low</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> mid <span class="Keyword">+</span> <span class="Number">1</span> <span class="Keyword">else</span> <span class="FunctionName">high</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> mid
+<span class="line-numbers"> 205 </span>     low
+<span class="line-numbers"> 206 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 207 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 208 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Convert anything iterable into a real, live array.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 209 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.toArray: iterable </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 210 </span>     <span class="Keyword">return</span> []                   <span class="Keyword">if</span> (<span class="Keyword">!</span>iterable)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 211 </span>     <span class="Keyword">return</span> iterable.toArray()   <span class="Keyword">if</span> (iterable.toArray)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 212 </span>     <span class="Keyword">return</span> iterable             <span class="Keyword">if</span> (_.isArray(iterable))
+<span class="line-numbers"> 213 </span>     <span class="Keyword">return</span> slice.call(iterable) <span class="Keyword">if</span> (_.isArguments(iterable))
+<span class="line-numbers"> 214 </span>     _.values(iterable)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 215 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 216 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 217 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Return the number of elements in an object.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 218 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.size: obj </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span> _.toArray(obj).length
+<span class="line-numbers"> 219 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 220 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 221 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> -------------------------- Array Functions: ------------------------------</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 222 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 223 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Get the first element of an array. Passing &quot;n&quot; will return the first N</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 224 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> values in the array. Aliased as &quot;head&quot;. The &quot;guard&quot; check allows it to work</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 225 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> with _.map.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 226 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.first: array, n, guard </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 227 </span>     <span class="Keyword">if</span> n <span class="Keyword">and</span> <span class="Keyword">not</span> guard <span class="Keyword">then</span> slice.call(array, <span class="Number">0</span>, n) <span class="Keyword">else</span> array[<span class="Number">0</span>]
+<span class="line-numbers"> 228 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 229 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 230 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Returns everything but the first entry of the array. Aliased as &quot;tail&quot;.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 231 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Especially useful on the arguments object. Passing an &quot;index&quot; will return</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 232 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> the rest of the values in the array from that index onward. The &quot;guard&quot;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 233 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> check allows it to work with _.map.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 234 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.rest: array, index, guard </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 235 </span>     slice.call(array, <span class="Keyword">if</span> _.isUndefined(index) <span class="Keyword">or</span> guard <span class="Keyword">then</span> <span class="Number">1</span> <span class="Keyword">else</span> index)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 236 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 237 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 238 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Get the last element of an array.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 239 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.last: array </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span> array[array.length <span class="Keyword">-</span> <span class="Number">1</span>]
+<span class="line-numbers"> 240 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 241 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 242 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Trim out all falsy values from an array.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 243 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.compact: array </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span> array[i] <span class="Keyword">for</span> i <span class="Keyword">in</span> [<span class="Number">0</span>...array.length] <span class="Keyword">when</span> array[i]
+<span class="line-numbers"> 244 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 245 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 246 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Return a completely flattened version of an array.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 247 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.flatten: array </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 248 </span>     _.reduce(array, [])<span class="FunctionArgument"> memo, value </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 249 </span>       <span class="Keyword">return</span> memo.concat(_.flatten(value)) <span class="Keyword">if</span> _.isArray(value)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 250 </span>       memo.push(value)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 251 </span>       memo
+<span class="line-numbers"> 252 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 253 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 254 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Return a version of the array that does not contain the specified value(s).</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 255 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.without: array </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 256 </span>     <span class="FunctionName">values</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> _.rest(arguments)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 257 </span>     val <span class="Keyword">for</span> val <span class="Keyword">in</span> _.toArray(array) <span class="Keyword">when</span> <span class="Keyword">not</span> _.include(values, val)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 258 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 259 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 260 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Produce a duplicate-free version of the array. If the array has already</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 261 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> been sorted, you have the option of using a faster algorithm.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 262 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.uniq: array, isSorted </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 263 </span>     <span class="FunctionName">memo</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> []
+<span class="line-numbers"> 264 </span>     <span class="Keyword">for</span> el, i <span class="Keyword">in</span> _.toArray(array)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 265 </span>       memo.push(el) <span class="Keyword">if</span> i <span class="Keyword">is</span> <span class="Number">0</span> <span class="Keyword">||</span> (<span class="Keyword">if</span> isSorted <span class="Keyword">is</span> <span class="BuiltInConstant">true</span> <span class="Keyword">then</span> _.last(memo) <span class="Keyword">isnt</span> el <span class="Keyword">else</span> <span class="Keyword">not</span> _.include(memo, el))
+<span class="line-numbers"> 266 </span>     memo
+<span class="line-numbers"> 267 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 268 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 269 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Produce an array that contains every item shared between all the</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 270 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> passed-in arrays.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 271 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.intersect: array </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 272 </span>     <span class="FunctionName">rest</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> _.rest(arguments)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 273 </span>     _.select(_.uniq(array))<span class="FunctionArgument"> item </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 274 </span>       _.all(rest)<span class="FunctionArgument"> other </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 275 </span>         _.indexOf(other, item) <span class="Keyword">&gt;=</span> <span class="Number">0</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 276 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 277 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 278 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Zip together multiple lists into a single array -- elements that share</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 279 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> an index go together.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 280 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.zip: </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 281 </span>     <span class="FunctionName">args</span><span class="Keyword">:</span>       _.toArray(arguments)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 282 </span>     <span class="FunctionName">length</span><span class="Keyword">:</span>     _.max(_.pluck(args, <span class="String"><span class="String">'</span>length<span class="String">'</span></span>))
+<span class="line-numbers"> 283 </span>     <span class="FunctionName">results</span><span class="Keyword">:</span>    <span class="Keyword">new</span> <span class="TypeName">Array</span>(length)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 284 </span>     <span class="Keyword">for</span> i <span class="Keyword">in</span> [<span class="Number">0</span>...length]
+<span class="line-numbers"> 285 </span>       results[i]<span class="Keyword">:</span> _.pluck(args, String(i))
+<span class="line-numbers"> 286 </span>     results
+<span class="line-numbers"> 287 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 288 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 289 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> If the browser doesn't supply us with indexOf (I'm looking at you, MSIE),</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 290 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> we need this function. Return the position of the first occurence of an</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 291 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> item in an array, or -1 if the item is not included in the array.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 292 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.indexOf: array, item </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 293 </span>     <span class="Keyword">return</span> array.indexOf(item) <span class="Keyword">if</span> array.indexOf
+<span class="line-numbers"> 294 </span>     <span class="FunctionName">i</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> <span class="Number">0</span>; <span class="FunctionName">l</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> array.length
+<span class="line-numbers"> 295 </span>     <span class="Keyword">while</span> l <span class="Keyword">-</span> i
+<span class="line-numbers"> 296 </span>       <span class="Keyword">if</span> array[i] <span class="Keyword">is</span> item <span class="Keyword">then</span> <span class="Keyword">return</span> i <span class="Keyword">else</span> i<span class="Keyword">++</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 297 </span>     <span class="Keyword">-</span><span class="Number">1</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 298 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 299 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 300 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Provide JavaScript 1.6's lastIndexOf, delegating to the native function,</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 301 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> if possible.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 302 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.lastIndexOf: array, item </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 303 </span>     <span class="Keyword">return</span> array.lastIndexOf(item) <span class="Keyword">if</span> array.lastIndexOf
+<span class="line-numbers"> 304 </span>     <span class="FunctionName">i</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> array.length
+<span class="line-numbers"> 305 </span>     <span class="Keyword">while</span> i
+<span class="line-numbers"> 306 </span>       <span class="Keyword">if</span> array[i] <span class="Keyword">is</span> item <span class="Keyword">then</span> <span class="Keyword">return</span> i <span class="Keyword">else</span> i<span class="Keyword">--</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 307 </span>     <span class="Keyword">-</span><span class="Number">1</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 308 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 309 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 310 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Generate an integer Array containing an arithmetic progression. A port of</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 311 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> the native Python range() function. See:</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 312 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> http://docs.python.org/library/functions.html#range</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 313 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.range: start, stop, step </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 314 </span>     <span class="FunctionName">a</span><span class="Keyword">:</span>        _.toArray(arguments)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 315 </span>     <span class="FunctionName">solo</span><span class="Keyword">:</span>     a.length <span class="Keyword">&lt;=</span> <span class="Number">1</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 316 </span>     <span class="FunctionName">i</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> <span class="FunctionName">start</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> <span class="Keyword">if</span> solo <span class="Keyword">then</span> <span class="Number">0</span> <span class="Keyword">else</span> a[<span class="Number">0</span>];
+<span class="line-numbers"> 317 </span>     <span class="FunctionName">stop</span><span class="Keyword">:</span>     <span class="Keyword">if</span> solo <span class="Keyword">then</span> a[<span class="Number">0</span>] <span class="Keyword">else</span> a[<span class="Number">1</span>];
+<span class="line-numbers"> 318 </span>     <span class="FunctionName">step</span><span class="Keyword">:</span>     a[<span class="Number">2</span>] <span class="Keyword">or</span> <span class="Number">1</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 319 </span>     <span class="FunctionName">len</span><span class="Keyword">:</span>      Math.ceil((stop <span class="Keyword">-</span> start) <span class="Keyword">/</span> step)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 320 </span>     <span class="Keyword">return</span> [] <span class="Keyword">if</span> len <span class="Keyword">&lt;=</span> <span class="Number">0</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 321 </span>     <span class="FunctionName">range</span><span class="Keyword">:</span>    <span class="Keyword">new</span> <span class="TypeName">Array</span>(len)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 322 </span>     <span class="FunctionName">idx</span><span class="Keyword">:</span>      <span class="Number">0</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 323 </span>     <span class="Keyword">while</span> <span class="BuiltInConstant">true</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 324 </span>       <span class="Keyword">return</span> range <span class="Keyword">if</span> (<span class="Keyword">if</span> step <span class="Keyword">&gt;</span> <span class="Number">0</span> <span class="Keyword">then</span> i <span class="Keyword">-</span> stop <span class="Keyword">else</span> stop <span class="Keyword">-</span> i) <span class="Keyword">&gt;=</span> <span class="Number">0</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 325 </span>       range[idx]<span class="Keyword">:</span> i
+<span class="line-numbers"> 326 </span>       idx<span class="Keyword">++</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 327 </span>       i<span class="Keyword">+</span><span class="Keyword">=</span> step
+<span class="line-numbers"> 328 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 329 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 330 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> ----------------------- Function Functions: -----------------------------</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 331 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 332 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Create a function bound to a given object (assigning 'this', and arguments,</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 333 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> optionally). Binding with arguments is also known as 'curry'.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 334 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.bind: func, obj </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 335 </span>     <span class="FunctionName">args</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> _.rest(arguments, <span class="Number">2</span>)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 336 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">    </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span> func.apply(obj <span class="Keyword">or</span> root, args.concat(_.toArray(arguments)))
+<span class="line-numbers"> 337 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 338 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 339 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Bind all of an object's methods to that object. Useful for ensuring that</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 340 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> all callbacks defined on an object belong to it.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 341 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.bindAll: obj </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 342 </span>     <span class="FunctionName">funcs</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> <span class="Keyword">if</span> arguments.length <span class="Keyword">&gt;</span> <span class="Number">1</span> <span class="Keyword">then</span> _.rest(arguments) <span class="Keyword">else</span> _.functions(obj)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 343 </span>     _.each(funcs, (<span class="FunctionArgument">f </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span> obj[f]<span class="Keyword">:</span> _.bind(obj[f], obj)))
+<span class="line-numbers"> 344 </span>     obj
+<span class="line-numbers"> 345 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 346 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 347 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Delays a function for the given number of milliseconds, and then calls</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 348 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> it with the arguments supplied.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 349 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.delay: func, wait </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 350 </span>     <span class="FunctionName">args</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> _.rest(arguments, <span class="Number">2</span>)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 351 </span>     setTimeout((<span class="Storage">=&gt;</span> func.apply(func, args)), wait)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 352 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 353 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 354 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Defers a function, scheduling it to run after the current call stack has</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 355 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> cleared.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 356 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.defer: func </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 357 </span>     _.delay.apply(_, [func, <span class="Number">1</span>].concat(_.rest(arguments)))
+<span class="line-numbers"> 358 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 359 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 360 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Returns the first function passed as an argument to the second,</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 361 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> allowing you to adjust arguments, run code before and after, and</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 362 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> conditionally execute the original function.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 363 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.wrap: func, wrapper </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 364 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">    </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span> wrapper.apply(wrapper, [func].concat(_.toArray(arguments)))
+<span class="line-numbers"> 365 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 366 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 367 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Returns a function that is the composition of a list of functions, each</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 368 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> consuming the return value of the function that follows.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 369 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.compose: </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 370 </span>     <span class="FunctionName">funcs</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> _.toArray(arguments)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 371 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">    </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 372 </span>       <span class="FunctionName">args</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> _.toArray(arguments)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 373 </span>       <span class="Keyword">for</span> i <span class="Keyword">in</span> [(funcs.length <span class="Keyword">-</span> <span class="Number">1</span>)..<span class="Number">0</span>]
+<span class="line-numbers"> 374 </span>         <span class="FunctionName">args</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> [funcs[i].apply(<span class="Variable">this</span>, args)]
+<span class="line-numbers"> 375 </span>       args[<span class="Number">0</span>]
+<span class="line-numbers"> 376 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 377 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 378 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> ------------------------- Object Functions: ----------------------------</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 379 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 380 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Retrieve the names of an object's properties.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 381 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.keys: obj </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 382 </span>     <span class="Keyword">return</span> _.range(<span class="Number">0</span>, obj.length) <span class="Keyword">if</span> _.isArray(obj)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 383 </span>     key <span class="Keyword">for</span> key, val <span class="Keyword">of</span> obj
+<span class="line-numbers"> 384 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 385 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 386 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Retrieve the values of an object's properties.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 387 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.values: obj </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 388 </span>     _.map(obj, _.identity)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 389 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 390 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 391 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Return a sorted list of the function names available in Underscore.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 392 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.functions: obj </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 393 </span>     _.select(_.keys(obj)<span class="FunctionArgument">, key </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span> _.isFunction(obj[key])).sort()
+<span class="line-numbers"> 394 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 395 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 396 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Extend a given object with all of the properties in a source object.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 397 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.extend: destination, source </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 398 </span>     <span class="Keyword">for</span> key, val <span class="Keyword">of</span> source
+<span class="line-numbers"> 399 </span>       destination[key]<span class="Keyword">:</span> val
+<span class="line-numbers"> 400 </span>     destination
+<span class="line-numbers"> 401 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 402 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 403 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Create a (shallow-cloned) duplicate of an object.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 404 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.clone: obj </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 405 </span>     <span class="Keyword">return</span> obj.slice(<span class="Number">0</span>) <span class="Keyword">if</span> _.isArray(obj)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 406 </span>     _.extend({}, obj)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 407 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 408 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 409 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Invokes interceptor with the obj, and then returns obj.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 410 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> The primary purpose of this method is to &quot;tap into&quot; a method chain, in order to perform operations on intermediate results within the chain.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 411 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.tap: obj, interceptor </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 412 </span>     interceptor(obj)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 413 </span>     obj
+<span class="line-numbers"> 414 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 415 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 416 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Perform a deep comparison to check if two objects are equal.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 417 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.isEqual: a, b </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 418 </span>     <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Check object identity.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 419 </span>     <span class="Keyword">return</span> <span class="BuiltInConstant">true</span> <span class="Keyword">if</span> a <span class="Keyword">is</span> b
+<span class="line-numbers"> 420 </span>     <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Different types?</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 421 </span>     <span class="FunctionName">atype</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> <span class="Keyword">typeof</span>(a); <span class="FunctionName">btype</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> <span class="Keyword">typeof</span>(b)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 422 </span>     <span class="Keyword">return</span> <span class="BuiltInConstant">false</span> <span class="Keyword">if</span> atype <span class="Keyword">isnt</span> btype
+<span class="line-numbers"> 423 </span>     <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Basic equality test (watch out for coercions).</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 424 </span>     <span class="Keyword">return</span> <span class="BuiltInConstant">true</span> <span class="Keyword">if</span> <span class="String"><span class="String">`</span>a == b<span class="String">`</span></span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 425 </span>     <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> One is falsy and the other truthy.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 426 </span>     <span class="Keyword">return</span> <span class="BuiltInConstant">false</span> <span class="Keyword">if</span> (<span class="Keyword">!</span>a <span class="Keyword">and</span> b) <span class="Keyword">or</span> (a <span class="Keyword">and</span> <span class="Keyword">!</span>b)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 427 </span>     <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> One of them implements an isEqual()?</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 428 </span>     <span class="Keyword">return</span> a.isEqual(b) <span class="Keyword">if</span> a.isEqual
+<span class="line-numbers"> 429 </span>     <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Check dates' integer values.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 430 </span>     <span class="Keyword">return</span> a.getTime() <span class="Keyword">is</span> b.getTime() <span class="Keyword">if</span> _.isDate(a) <span class="Keyword">and</span> _.isDate(b)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 431 </span>     <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Both are NaN?</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 432 </span>     <span class="Keyword">return</span> <span class="BuiltInConstant">true</span> <span class="Keyword">if</span> _.isNaN(a) <span class="Keyword">and</span> _.isNaN(b)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 433 </span>     <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Compare regular expressions.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 434 </span>     <span class="Keyword">if</span> _.isRegExp(a) <span class="Keyword">and</span> _.isRegExp(b)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 435 </span>       <span class="Keyword">return</span> a.source     <span class="Keyword">is</span> b.source <span class="Keyword">and</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 436 </span>              a.global     <span class="Keyword">is</span> b.global <span class="Keyword">and</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 437 </span>              a.ignoreCase <span class="Keyword">is</span> b.ignoreCase <span class="Keyword">and</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 438 </span>              a.multiline  <span class="Keyword">is</span> b.multiline
+<span class="line-numbers"> 439 </span>     <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> If a is not an object by this point, we can't handle it.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 440 </span>     <span class="Keyword">return</span> <span class="BuiltInConstant">false</span> <span class="Keyword">if</span> atype <span class="Keyword">isnt</span> <span class="String"><span class="String">'</span>object<span class="String">'</span></span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 441 </span>     <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Check for different array lengths before comparing contents.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 442 </span>     <span class="Keyword">return</span> <span class="BuiltInConstant">false</span> <span class="Keyword">if</span> a.length <span class="Keyword">and</span> (a.length <span class="Keyword">isnt</span> b.length)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 443 </span>     <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Nothing else worked, deep compare the contents.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 444 </span>     <span class="FunctionName">aKeys</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> _.keys(a); <span class="FunctionName">bKeys</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> _.keys(b)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 445 </span>     <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Different object sizes?</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 446 </span>     <span class="Keyword">return</span> <span class="BuiltInConstant">false</span> <span class="Keyword">if</span> aKeys.length <span class="Keyword">isnt</span> bKeys.length
+<span class="line-numbers"> 447 </span>     <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Recursive comparison of contents.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 448 </span>     <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> for (var key in a) if (!_.isEqual(a[key], b[key])) return false;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 449 </span>     <span class="Keyword">return</span> <span class="BuiltInConstant">true</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 450 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 451 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 452 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Is a given array or object empty?</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 453 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.isEmpty:      obj </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span> _.keys(obj).length <span class="Keyword">is</span> <span class="Number">0</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 454 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 455 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 456 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Is a given value a DOM element?</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 457 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.isElement:    obj </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span> obj <span class="Keyword">and</span> obj.nodeType <span class="Keyword">is</span> <span class="Number">1</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 458 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 459 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 460 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Is a given value an array?</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 461 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.isArray:      obj </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span> <span class="Keyword">!</span><span class="Keyword">!</span>(obj <span class="Keyword">and</span> obj.concat <span class="Keyword">and</span> obj.unshift)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 462 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 463 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 464 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Is a given variable an arguments object?</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 465 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.isArguments:  obj </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span> obj <span class="Keyword">and</span> _.isNumber(obj.length) <span class="Keyword">and</span> <span class="Keyword">!</span>_.isArray(obj) <span class="Keyword">and</span> <span class="Keyword">!</span>propertyIsEnumerable.call(obj, <span class="String"><span class="String">'</span>length<span class="String">'</span></span>)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 466 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 467 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 468 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Is the given value a function?</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 469 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.isFunction:   obj </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span> <span class="Keyword">!</span><span class="Keyword">!</span>(obj <span class="Keyword">and</span> obj.constructor <span class="Keyword">and</span> obj.call <span class="Keyword">and</span> obj.apply)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 470 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 471 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 472 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Is the given value a string?</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 473 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.isString:     obj </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span> <span class="Keyword">!</span><span class="Keyword">!</span>(obj <span class="Keyword">is</span> <span class="String"><span class="String">'</span><span class="String">'</span></span> <span class="Keyword">or</span> (obj <span class="Keyword">and</span> obj.charCodeAt <span class="Keyword">and</span> obj.substr))
+<span class="line-numbers"> 474 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 475 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 476 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Is a given value a number?</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 477 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.isNumber:     obj </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span> toString.call(obj) <span class="Keyword">is</span> <span class="String"><span class="String">'</span>[object Number]<span class="String">'</span></span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 478 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 479 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 480 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Is a given value a Date?</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 481 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.isDate:       obj </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span> <span class="Keyword">!</span><span class="Keyword">!</span>(obj <span class="Keyword">and</span> obj.getTimezoneOffset <span class="Keyword">and</span> obj.setUTCFullYear)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 482 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 483 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 484 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Is the given value a regular expression?</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 485 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.isRegExp:     obj </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span> <span class="Keyword">!</span><span class="Keyword">!</span>(obj <span class="Keyword">and</span> obj.exec <span class="Keyword">and</span> (obj.ignoreCase <span class="Keyword">or</span> obj.ignoreCase <span class="Keyword">is</span> <span class="BuiltInConstant">false</span>))
+<span class="line-numbers"> 486 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 487 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 488 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Is the given value NaN -- this one is interesting. NaN != NaN, and</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 489 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> isNaN(undefined) == true, so we make sure it's a number first.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 490 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.isNaN:        obj </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span> _.isNumber(obj) <span class="Keyword">and</span> window.isNaN(obj)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 491 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 492 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 493 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Is a given value equal to null?</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 494 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.isNull:       obj </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span> obj <span class="Keyword">is</span> <span class="BuiltInConstant">null</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 495 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 496 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 497 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Is a given variable undefined?</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 498 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.isUndefined:  obj </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span> <span class="Keyword">typeof</span> obj <span class="Keyword">is</span> <span class="String"><span class="String">'</span>undefined<span class="String">'</span></span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 499 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 500 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 501 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> -------------------------- Utility Functions: --------------------------</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 502 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 503 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Run Underscore.js in noConflict mode, returning the '_' variable to its</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 504 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> previous owner. Returns a reference to the Underscore object.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 505 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.noConflict: </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 506 </span>     <span class="FunctionName">root._</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> previousUnderscore
+<span class="line-numbers"> 507 </span>     <span class="Variable">this</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 508 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 509 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 510 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Keep the identity function around for default iterators.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 511 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.identity: value </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span> value
+<span class="line-numbers"> 512 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 513 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 514 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Break out of the middle of an iteration.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 515 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.breakLoop: </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span> <span class="Keyword">throw</span> breaker
+<span class="line-numbers"> 516 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 517 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 518 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Generate a unique integer id (unique within the entire client session).</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 519 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Useful for temporary DOM ids.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 520 </span>   <span class="FunctionName">idCounter</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> <span class="Number">0</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 521 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.uniqueId: prefix </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 522 </span>     (prefix <span class="Keyword">or</span> <span class="String"><span class="String">'</span><span class="String">'</span></span>) <span class="Keyword">+</span> idCounter<span class="Keyword">++</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 523 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 524 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 525 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> JavaScript templating a-la ERB, pilfered from John Resig's</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 526 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> &quot;Secrets of the JavaScript Ninja&quot;, page 83.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 527 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  _.template: str, data </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 528 </span>     <span class="String"><span class="String">`</span>var fn = new Function('obj',</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 529 </span> <span class="String">      'var p=[],print=function(){p.push.apply(p,arguments);};' +</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 530 </span> <span class="String">      'with(obj){p.push(<span class="UserDefinedConstant">\'</span>' +</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 531 </span> <span class="String">      str.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 532 </span> <span class="String">        replace(/[<span class="UserDefinedConstant">\r</span><span class="UserDefinedConstant">\t</span><span class="UserDefinedConstant">\n</span>]/g, &quot; &quot;).</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 533 </span> <span class="String">        split(&quot;&lt;%&quot;).join(&quot;<span class="UserDefinedConstant">\t</span>&quot;).</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 534 </span> <span class="String">        replace(/((^|%&gt;)[^<span class="UserDefinedConstant">\t</span>]*)'/g, &quot;$1<span class="UserDefinedConstant">\r</span>&quot;).</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 535 </span> <span class="String">        replace(/<span class="UserDefinedConstant">\t</span>=(.*?)%&gt;/g, &quot;',$1,'&quot;).</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 536 </span> <span class="String">        split(&quot;<span class="UserDefinedConstant">\t</span>&quot;).join(&quot;');&quot;).</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 537 </span> <span class="String">        split(&quot;%&gt;&quot;).join(&quot;p.push('&quot;).</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 538 </span> <span class="String">        split(&quot;<span class="UserDefinedConstant">\r</span>&quot;).join(&quot;<span class="UserDefinedConstant">\\</span>'&quot;) +</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 539 </span> <span class="String">      &quot;');}return p.join('');&quot;)<span class="String">`</span></span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 540 </span>     <span class="Keyword">if</span> data <span class="Keyword">then</span> fn(data) <span class="Keyword">else</span> fn
+<span class="line-numbers"> 541 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 542 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 543 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> ------------------------------- Aliases ----------------------------------</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 544 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 545 </span>   <span class="FunctionName">_.forEach</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> _.each
+<span class="line-numbers"> 546 </span>   <span class="FunctionName">_.foldl</span><span class="Keyword">:</span>   <span class="FunctionName">_.inject</span><span class="Keyword">:</span>      _.reduce
+<span class="line-numbers"> 547 </span>   <span class="FunctionName">_.foldr</span><span class="Keyword">:</span>   _.reduceRight
+<span class="line-numbers"> 548 </span>   <span class="FunctionName">_.filter</span><span class="Keyword">:</span>  _.select
+<span class="line-numbers"> 549 </span>   <span class="FunctionName">_.every</span><span class="Keyword">:</span>   _.all
+<span class="line-numbers"> 550 </span>   <span class="FunctionName">_.some</span><span class="Keyword">:</span>    _.any
+<span class="line-numbers"> 551 </span>   <span class="FunctionName">_.head</span><span class="Keyword">:</span>    _.first
+<span class="line-numbers"> 552 </span>   <span class="FunctionName">_.tail</span><span class="Keyword">:</span>    _.rest
+<span class="line-numbers"> 553 </span>   <span class="FunctionName">_.methods</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> _.functions
+<span class="line-numbers"> 554 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 555 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 556 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span>   /*------------------------ Setup the OOP Wrapper: --------------------------*/</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 557 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 558 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Helper function to continue chaining intermediate results.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 559 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  result: obj, chain </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 560 </span>     <span class="Keyword">if</span> chain <span class="Keyword">then</span> _(obj).chain() <span class="Keyword">else</span> obj
+<span class="line-numbers"> 561 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 562 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 563 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Add all of the Underscore functions to the wrapper object.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 564 </span>   _.each(_.functions(_))<span class="FunctionArgument"> name </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 565 </span>     <span class="FunctionName">method</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> _[name]
+<span class="line-numbers"> 566 </span>     wrapper.prototype[name]<span class="Keyword">:</span> <span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 567 </span>       <span class="FunctionName">args</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> _.toArray(arguments)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 568 </span>       unshift.call(args, <span class="Variable">this</span>._wrapped)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 569 </span>       result(method.apply(_, args), <span class="Variable">this</span>._chain)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 570 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 571 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 572 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Add all mutator Array functions to the wrapper.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 573 </span>   _.each([<span class="String"><span class="String">'</span>pop<span class="String">'</span></span>, <span class="String"><span class="String">'</span>push<span class="String">'</span></span>, <span class="String"><span class="String">'</span>reverse<span class="String">'</span></span>, <span class="String"><span class="String">'</span>shift<span class="String">'</span></span>, <span class="String"><span class="String">'</span>sort<span class="String">'</span></span>, <span class="String"><span class="String">'</span>splice<span class="String">'</span></span>, <span class="String"><span class="String">'</span>unshift<span class="String">'</span></span>])<span class="FunctionArgument"> name </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 574 </span>     <span class="FunctionName">method</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> Array.prototype[name]
+<span class="line-numbers"> 575 </span>     wrapper.prototype[name]<span class="Keyword">:</span> <span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 576 </span>       method.apply(<span class="Variable">this</span>._wrapped, arguments)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 577 </span>       result(<span class="Variable">this</span>._wrapped, <span class="Variable">this</span>._chain)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 578 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 579 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 580 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Add all accessor Array functions to the wrapper.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 581 </span>   _.each([<span class="String"><span class="String">'</span>concat<span class="String">'</span></span>, <span class="String"><span class="String">'</span>join<span class="String">'</span></span>, <span class="String"><span class="String">'</span>slice<span class="String">'</span></span>])<span class="FunctionArgument"> name </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 582 </span>     <span class="FunctionName">method</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> Array.prototype[name]
+<span class="line-numbers"> 583 </span>     wrapper.prototype[name]<span class="Keyword">:</span> <span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 584 </span>       result(method.apply(<span class="Variable">this</span>._wrapped, arguments), <span class="Variable">this</span>._chain)
+<span class="line-numbers"> 585 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 586 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 587 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Start chaining a wrapped Underscore object.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 588 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  wrapper::chain: </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 589 </span>     <span class="FunctionName">this._chain</span><span class="Keyword">:</span> <span class="BuiltInConstant">true</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 590 </span>     <span class="Variable">this</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 591 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 592 </span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 593 </span>   <span class="Comment"><span class="Comment">#</span> Extracts the result from a wrapped and chained object.</span>
+<span class="line-numbers"> 594 </span> <span class="FunctionArgument">  wrapper::value: </span><span class="Storage">=&gt;</span> <span class="Variable">this</span>._wrapped
+</pre>  <p>
+    <a href="http://validator.w3.org/check?uri=referer">
+      <img style="border:0"
+           src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/valid-xhtml10"
+           alt="Valid XHTML 1.0 Strict" height="31" width="88" />
+    </a>
+    <a href="http://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/check?uri=referer">
+      <img style="border:0;width:88px;height:31px"
+           src="http://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/images/vcss"
+           alt="Valid CSS!" />
+    </a>
+  </p>
+</body>
+</html>

examples/code.coffee

@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+# Functions:
+square: x => x * x
+
+sum: x, y => x + y
+
+odd: x => x % 2 is 0
+
+even: x => x % 2 isnt 0
+
+run_loop: =>
+  fire_events(e => e.stopPropagation())
+  listen()
+  wait()
+
+# Objects:
+dense_object_literal: {one: 1, two: 2, three: 3}
+
+spaced_out_multiline_object: {
+  pi: 3.14159
+  list: [1, 2, 3, 4]
+  regex: /match[ing](every|thing|\/)/gi
+  three: new Idea()
+
+  inner_obj: {
+    freedom: => _.freedom()
+  }
+}
+
+# Arrays:
+stooges: [{moe: 45}, {curly: 43}, {larry: 46}]
+
+exponents: [(x => x), (x => x * x), (x => x * x * x)]
+
+empty: []
+
+multiline: [
+  'line one'
+  'line two'
+]
+
+# Conditionals and ternaries.
+if submarine.shields_up
+  full_speed_ahead()
+  fire_torpedos()
+else if submarine.sinking
+  abandon_ship()
+else
+  run_away()
+
+eldest: if 25 > 21 then liz else marge
+
+decoration: medal_of_honor if war_hero
+
+go_to_sleep() unless coffee
+
+# Returning early:
+race: =>
+  run()
+  walk()
+  crawl()
+  if tired then return sleep()
+  race()
+
+# Conditional assignment:
+good ||= evil
+wine &&= cheese
+
+# Nested property access and calls.
+((moon.turn(360))).shapes[3].move({x: 45, y: 30}).position['top'].offset('x')
+
+a: b: c: 5
+
+# Embedded JavaScript.
+callback(
+  `function(e) { e.stop(); }`
+)
+
+# Try/Catch/Finally/Throw.
+try
+  all_hell_breaks_loose()
+  dogs_and_cats_living_together()
+  throw "up"
+catch error
+  print(error)
+finally
+  clean_up()
+
+try all_hell_breaks_loose() catch error then print(error) finally clean_up()
+
+# While loops, break and continue.
+while demand > supply
+  sell()
+  restock()
+
+while supply > demand then buy()
+
+while true
+  break if broken
+  continue if continuing
+
+# Unary operators.
+!!true
+
+# Lexical scoping.
+v_1: 5
+change_a_and_set_b: =>
+  v_1: 10
+  v_2: 15
+v_2: 20
+
+# Array comprehensions.
+supper: food.capitalize() for food in ['toast', 'cheese', 'wine']
+
+drink(bottle) for bottle, i in ['soda', 'wine', 'lemonade'] when even(i)
+
+# Switch statements ("else" serves as a default).
+activity: switch day
+  when "Tuesday"   then eat_breakfast()
+  when "Sunday"    then go_to_church()
+  when "Saturday"  then go_to_the_park()
+  when "Wednesday"
+    if day is bingo_day
+      go_to_bingo()
+    else
+      eat_breakfast()
+      go_to_work()
+      eat_dinner()
+  else go_to_work()
+
+# Semicolons can optionally be used instead of newlines.
+wednesday: => eat_breakfast(); go_to_work(); eat_dinner()
+
+# Array slice literals.
+zero_to_nine: [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
+three_to_six: zero_to_nine[3..6]
+
+# Multiline strings with inner quotes.
+story: "Lorem ipsum dolor \"sit\" amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit,
+sed diam nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt ut laoreet dolore magna
+aliquam erat volutpat. Ut wisi enim ad."
+
+# Inheritance and calling super.
+Animal: =>
+Animal::move: meters =>
+  alert(this.name + " moved " + meters + "m.")
+
+Snake: name => this.name: name
+Snake extends Animal
+Snake::move: =>
+  alert('Slithering...')
+  super(5)
+
+Horse: name => this.name: name
+Horse extends Animal
+Horse::move: =>
+  alert('Galloping...')
+  super(45)
+
+sam: new Snake("Sammy the Snake")
+tom: new Horse("Tommy the Horse")
+
+sam.move()
+tom.move()
+
+# Numbers.
+a_googol:   1e100
+hex:        0xff0000
+negative:   -1.0
+infinity:   Infinity
+nan:        NaN
+
+# Deleting.
+delete secret.identity

examples/documents.coffee

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # Document Model
 dc.model.Document: dc.Model.extend({
 
-  constructor: attributes => this.base(attributes).
+  constructor: attributes => this.base(attributes)
 
   # For display, show either the highlighted search results, or the summary,
   # if no highlights are available.
@@ -9,22 +9,22 @@ dc.model.Document: dc.Model.extend({
   # version of the summary has all runs of whitespace squeezed out.
   displaySummary: =>
     text: this.get('highlight') or this.get('summary') or ''
-    text and text.replace(/\s+/g, ' ').
+    text and text.replace(/\s+/g, ' ')
 
   # Return a list of the document's metadata. Think about caching this on the
   # document by binding to Metadata, instead of on-the-fly.
   metadata: =>
     docId: this.id
-    _.select(Metadata.models()
-      meta => _.any(meta.get('instances')
-        instance => instance.document_id is docId.).).
+    _.select(Metadata.models(), (meta => 
+      _.any(meta.get('instances'), instance => 
+        instance.document_id is docId)))
 
   bookmark: pageNumber =>
     bookmark: new dc.model.Bookmark({title: this.get('title'), page_number: pageNumber, document_id: this.id})
-    Bookmarks.create(bookmark).
+    Bookmarks.create(bookmark)
 
   # Inspect.
-  toString: => 'Document ' + this.id + ' "' + this.get('title') + '"'.
+  toString: => 'Document ' + this.id + ' "' + this.get('title') + '"'
 
 })
 
@@ -37,31 +37,31 @@ dc.model.DocumentSet: dc.model.RESTfulSet.extend({
 
   constructor: options =>
     this.base(options)
-    _.bindAll(this, 'downloadSelectedViewers', 'downloadSelectedPDF', 'downloadSelectedFullText').
+    _.bindAll(this, 'downloadSelectedViewers', 'downloadSelectedPDF', 'downloadSelectedFullText')
 
-  selected: => _.select(this.models(), m => m.get('selected').).
+  selected: => _.select(this.models(), m => m.get('selected'))
 
-  selectedIds: => _.pluck(this.selected(), 'id').
+  selectedIds: => _.pluck(this.selected(), 'id')
 
-  countSelected: => this.selected().length.
+  countSelected: => this.selected().length
 
   downloadSelectedViewers: =>
-    dc.app.download('/download/' + this.selectedIds().join('/') + '/document_viewer.zip').
+    dc.app.download('/download/' + this.selectedIds().join('/') + '/document_viewer.zip')
 
   downloadSelectedPDF: =>
-    if this.countSelected() <= 1 then return window.open(this.selected()[0].get('pdf_url')).
-    dc.app.download('/download/' + this.selectedIds().join('/') + '/document_pdfs.zip').
+    if this.countSelected() <= 1 then return window.open(this.selected()[0].get('pdf_url'))
+    dc.app.download('/download/' + this.selectedIds().join('/') + '/document_pdfs.zip')
 
   downloadSelectedFullText: =>
-    if this.countSelected() <= 1 then return window.open(this.selected()[0].get('full_text_url')).
-    dc.app.download('/download/' + this.selectedIds().join('/') + '/document_text.zip').
+    if this.countSelected() <= 1 then return window.open(this.selected()[0].get('full_text_url'))
+    dc.app.download('/download/' + this.selectedIds().join('/') + '/document_text.zip')
 
   # We override "_onModelEvent" to fire selection changed events when documents
   # change their selected state.
   _onModelEvent: e, model =>
     this.base(e, model)
     fire: e == dc.Model.CHANGED and model.hasChanged('selected')
-    if fire then _.defer(_(this.fire).bind(this, this.SELECTION_CHANGED, this))..
+    if fire then _.defer(_(this.fire).bind(this, this.SELECTION_CHANGED, this))
 
 })
 

examples/poignant.coffee

@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+# Examples from the Poignant Guide.
+
+# ['toast', 'cheese', 'wine'].each { |food| print food.capitalize }
+
+['toast', 'wine', 'cheese'].each(food => print(food.capitalize()))
+
+
+
+# class LotteryTicket
+#   def picks;           @picks;            end
+#   def picks=(var);     @picks = var;      end
+#   def purchased;       @purchased;        end
+#   def purchased=(var); @purchased = var;  end
+# end
+
+LotteryTicket: {
+  get_picks:           => this.picks
+  set_picks:      nums => this.picks: nums
+  get_purchase:        => this.purchase
+  set_purchase: amount => this.purchase: amount
+}
+
+
+
+# module WishScanner
+#   def scan_for_a_wish
+#     wish = self.read.detect do |thought|
+#       thought.index( 'wish: ' ) == 0
+#     end
+#     wish.gsub( 'wish: ', '' )
+#   end
+# end
+
+WishScanner: {
+  scan_for_a_wish: =>
+    wish: this.read().detect(thought => thought.index('wish: ') is 0)
+    wish.replace('wish: ', '')
+}
+
+
+
+# class Creature
+#
+#   # This method applies a hit taken during a fight.
+#   def hit( damage )
+#     p_up = rand( charisma )
+#     if p_up % 9 == 7
+#       @life += p_up / 4
+#       puts "[#{ self.class } magick powers up #{ p_up }!]"
+#     end
+#     @life -= damage
+#     puts "[#{ self.class } has died.]" if @life <= 0
+#   end
+#
+#   # This method takes one turn in a fight.
+#   def fight( enemy, weapon )
+#     if life <= 0
+#       puts "[#{ self.class } is too dead to fight!]"
+#       return
+#     end
+#
+#     # Attack the opponent
+#     your_hit = rand( strength + weapon )
+#     puts "[You hit with #{ your_hit } points of damage!]"
+#     enemy.hit( your_hit )
+#
+#     # Retaliation
+#     p enemy
+#     if enemy.life > 0
+#       enemy_hit = rand( enemy.strength + enemy.weapon )
+#       puts "[Your enemy hit with #{ enemy_hit } points of damage!]"
+#       self.hit( enemy_hit )
+#     end
+#   end
+#
+# end
+
+Creature : {
+
+  # This method applies a hit taken during a fight.
+  hit: damage =>
+    p_up: Math.rand(this.charisma)
+    if p_up % 9 is 7
+      this.life += p_up / 4
+      puts("[" + this.name + " magick powers up " + p_up + "!]")
+    this.life -= damage
+    if this.life <= 0 then puts("[" + this.name + " has died.]")
+
+  # This method takes one turn in a fight.
+  fight: enemy, weapon =>
+    if this.life <= 0 then return puts("[" + this.name + "is too dead to fight!]")
+
+    # Attack the opponent.
+    your_hit: Math.rand(this.strength + weapon)
+    puts("[You hit with " + your_hit + "points of damage!]")
+    enemy.hit(your_hit)
+
+    # Retaliation.
+    puts(enemy)
+    if enemy.life > 0
+      enemy_hit: Math.rand(enemy.strength + enemy.weapon)
+      puts("[Your enemy hit with " + enemy_hit + "points of damage!]")
+      this.hit(enemy_hit)
+
+}
+
+
+
+# # Get evil idea and swap in code words
+# print "Enter your new idea: "
+# idea = gets
+# code_words.each do |real, code|
+#   idea.gsub!( real, code )
+# end
+#
+# # Save the jibberish to a new file
+# print "File encoded.  Please enter a name for this idea: "
+# idea_name = gets.strip
+# File::open( "idea-" + idea_name + ".txt", "w" ) do |f|
+#   f << idea
+# end
+
+# Get evil idea and swap in code words
+print("Enter your new idea: ")
+idea: gets()
+code_words.each(real, code => idea.replace(real, code))
+
+# Save the jibberish to a new file
+print("File encoded. Please enter a name for this idea: ")
+idea_name: gets().strip()
+File.open("idea-" + idea_name + '.txt', 'w', file => file.write(idea))
+
+
+
+# def wipe_mutterings_from( sentence )
+#   unless sentence.respond_to? :include?
+#     raise ArgumentError,
+#       "cannot wipe mutterings from a #{ sentence.class }"
+#   end
+#   while sentence.include? '('
+#     open = sentence.index( '(' )
+#     close = sentence.index( ')', open )
+#     sentence[open..close] = '' if close
+#   end
+# end
+
+wipe_mutterings_from: sentence =>
+  throw new Error("cannot wipe mutterings") unless sentence.indexOf
+  while sentence.indexOf('(') >= 0
+    open:     sentence.indexOf('(') - 1
+    close:    sentence.indexOf(')') + 1
+    sentence: sentence[0..open] + sentence[close..sentence.length]
+    sentence

examples/potion.coffee

@@ -0,0 +1,205 @@
+# Examples from _why's Potion, the Readme and "Potion: A Short Pamphlet".
+
+# 5 times: "Odelay!" print.
+
+print("Odelay!") for i in [1..5]
+
+
+# add = (x, y): x + y.
+# add(2, 4) string print
+
+add: x, y => x + y
+print(add(2, 4))
+
+
+# loop: 'quaff' print.
+
+while true
+  print('quaff')
+
+
+# ('cheese', 'bread', 'mayo') at (1) print
+
+print(['cheese', 'bread', 'mayo'][1])
+
+
+# (language='Potion', pointless=true) at (key='language') print
+
+print({language: 'Potion', pointless: true}['language'])
+
+
+# minus = (x, y): x - y.
+# minus (y=10, x=6)
+
+minus: x, y => x - y
+minus(6, 10)
+
+
+# foods = ('cheese', 'bread', 'mayo')
+# foods (2)
+
+foods: ['cheese', 'bread', 'mayo']
+foods[2]
+
+
+# (dog='canine', cat='feline', fox='vulpine') each (key, val):
+#   (key, ' is a ', val) join print.
+
+for key, val of {dog: 'canine', cat: 'feline', fox: 'vulpine'}
+  print(key + ' is a ' + val)
+
+
+# Person = class: /name, /age, /sex.
+# Person print = ():
+#   ('My name is ', /name, '.') join print.
+
+Person: =>
+Person::print: =>
+  print('My name is ' + this.name + '.')
+
+
+# p = Person ()
+# p /name string print
+
+p: new Person()
+print(p.name)
+
+
+# Policeman = Person class (rank): /rank = rank.
+# Policeman print = ():
+#   ('My name is ', /name, ' and I'm a ', /rank, '.') join print.
+#
+# Policeman ('Constable') print
+
+Policeman: rank => this.rank: rank
+Policeman extends Person
+Policeman::print: =>
+  print('My name is ' + this.name + " and I'm a " + this.rank + '.')
+
+print(new Policeman('Constable'))
+
+
+# app = [window (width=200, height=400)
+#         [para 'Welcome.', button 'OK']]
+# app first name
+
+app = {
+  window:  {width: 200, height: 200}
+  para:    'Welcome.'
+  button:  'OK'
+}
+app.window
+
+
+# x = 1
+# y = 2
+#
+# x = 1, y = 2
+
+x: 1
+y: 2
+
+x: 1; y: 2
+
+
+# table = (language='Potion'
+#           pointless=true)
+
+table: {
+  language: 'Potion'
+  pointless: yes
+}
+
+
+# # this foul business...
+# String length = (): 10.
+
+# this foul business...
+String::length: => 10
+
+
+# block = :
+#   'potion' print.
+
+block: =>
+  print('potion')
+
+
+# if (age > 100): 'ancient'.
+
+if age > 100 then 'ancient'
+
+
+# author =
+#   if (title == 'Jonathan Strange & Mr. Norrell'):
+#     'Susanna Clarke'.
+#   elsif (title == 'The Star Diaries'):
+#     'Stanislaw Lem'.
+#   elsif (title == 'The Slynx'):
+#     'Tatyana Tolstaya'.
+#   else:
+#     '... probably Philip K. Dick'.
+
+switch author
+  when 'Jonathan Strange & Mr. Norrell'
+    'Susanna Clarke'
+  when 'The Star Diaries'
+    'Stanislaw Lem'
+  when 'The Slynx'
+    'Tatyana Tolstaya'
+  else
+    '... probably Philip K. Dick'
+
+
+# count = 8
+# while (count > 0):
+#   'quaff' print
+#   count--.
+
+count: 8
+while count > 0
+  print('quaff')
+  count--
+
+
+# 1 to 5 (a):
+#   a string print.
+
+print(a) for a in [1..5]
+
+
+# if (3 ?gender):
+#   "Huh? Numbers are sexed? That's amazing." print.
+
+if (3).gender?
+  print("Huh? Numbers are sexed? That's amazing.")
+
+
+# HomePage get = (url):
+#   session = url query ? at ('session').
+
+HomePage::get: url =>
+  session: url.query.session if url.query?
+
+
+# BTree = class: /left, /right.
+# b = BTree ()
+# b /left = BTree ()
+# b /right = BTree ()
+
+BTree:    =>
+b:        new BTree()
+b.left:   new BTree()
+b.right:  new BTree()
+
+
+# BTree = class: /left, /right.
+# b = BTree ()
+#
+# if (b ? /left):
+#   'left path found!' print.
+
+BTree: =>
+b: new BTree()
+
+print('left path found!') if b.left?

examples/syntax_errors.coffee

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+# Identifiers run together:
+# a b c
+
+# Trailing comma in array:
+# array: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5,]
+
+# Unterminated object literal:
+# obj: { one: 1, two: 2
+
+# Numbers run together:
+# 101 202
+
+# Strings run together:
+# str: "broken" "words"
+
+# Forgot to terminate a function:
+# obj: {
+#   first: a => a[0].
+#   last: a => a[a.length-1]
+# }

examples/underscore.coffee

@@ -0,0 +1,594 @@
+
+  # Underscore.coffee
+  # (c) 2009 Jeremy Ashkenas, DocumentCloud Inc.
+  # Underscore is freely distributable under the terms of the MIT license.
+  # Portions of Underscore are inspired by or borrowed from Prototype.js,
+  # Oliver Steele's Functional, and John Resig's Micro-Templating.
+  # For all details and documentation:
+  # http://documentcloud.github.com/underscore/
+
+
+  # ------------------------- Baseline setup ---------------------------------
+
+  # Establish the root object, "window" in the browser, or "global" on the server.
+  root: this
+
+
+  # Save the previous value of the "_" variable.
+  previousUnderscore: root._
+
+
+  # If Underscore is called as a function, it returns a wrapped object that
+  # can be used OO-style. This wrapper holds altered versions of all the
+  # underscore functions. Wrapped objects may be chained.
+  wrapper: obj =>
+    this._wrapped: obj
+    this
+
+
+  # Establish the object that gets thrown to break out of a loop iteration.
+  breaker: if typeof(StopIteration) is 'undefined' then '__break__' else StopIteration
+
+
+  # Create a safe reference to the Underscore object forreference below.
+  _: root._: obj => new wrapper(obj)
+
+
+  # Export the Underscore object for CommonJS.
+  if typeof(exports) != 'undefined' then exports._: _
+
+
+  # Create quick reference variables for speed access to core prototypes.
+  slice:                Array::slice
+  unshift:              Array::unshift
+  toString:             Object::toString
+  hasOwnProperty:       Object::hasOwnProperty
+  propertyIsEnumerable: Object::propertyIsEnumerable
+
+
+  # Current version.
+  _.VERSION: '0.5.5'
+
+
+  # ------------------------ Collection Functions: ---------------------------
+
+  # The cornerstone, an each implementation.
+  # Handles objects implementing forEach, arrays, and raw objects.
+  _.each: obj, iterator, context =>
+    index: 0
+    try
+      return obj.forEach(iterator, context) if obj.forEach
+      if _.isArray(obj) or _.isArguments(obj)
+        return iterator.call(context, obj[i], i, obj) for i in [0...obj.length]
+      iterator.call(context, val, key, obj) for key, val of obj
+    catch e
+      throw e if e isnt breaker
+    obj
+
+
+  # Return the results of applying the iterator to each element. Use JavaScript
+  # 1.6's version of map, if possible.
+  _.map: obj, iterator, context =>
+    return obj.map(iterator, context) if (obj and _.isFunction(obj.map))
+    results: []
+    _.each(obj) value, index, list =>
+      results.push(iterator.call(context, value, index, list))
+    results
+
+
+  # Reduce builds up a single result from a list of values. Also known as
+  # inject, or foldl. Uses JavaScript 1.8's version of reduce, if possible.
+  _.reduce: obj, memo, iterator, context =>
+    return obj.reduce(_.bind(iterator, context), memo) if (obj and _.isFunction(obj.reduce))
+    _.each(obj) value, index, list =>
+      memo: iterator.call(context, memo, value, index, list)
+    memo
+
+
+  # The right-associative version of reduce, also known as foldr. Uses
+  # JavaScript 1.8's version of reduceRight, if available.
+  _.reduceRight: obj, memo, iterator, context =>
+    return obj.reduceRight(_.bind(iterator, context), memo) if (obj and _.isFunction(obj.reduceRight))
+    _.each(_.clone(_.toArray(obj)).reverse()) value, index =>
+      memo: iterator.call(context, memo, value, index, obj)
+    memo
+
+
+  # Return the first value which passes a truth test.
+  _.detect: obj, iterator, context =>
+    result: null
+    _.each(obj) value, index, list =>
+      if iterator.call(context, value, index, list)
+        result: value
+        _.breakLoop()
+    result
+
+
+  # Return all the elements that pass a truth test. Use JavaScript 1.6's
+  # filter(), if it exists.
+  _.select: obj, iterator, context =>
+    if obj and _.isFunction(obj.filter) then return obj.filter(iterator, context)
+    results: []
+    _.each(obj) value, index, list =>
+      results.push(value) if iterator.call(context, value, index, list)
+    results
+
+
+  # Return all the elements for which a truth test fails.
+  _.reject: obj, iterator, context =>
+    results: []
+    _.each(obj) value, index, list =>
+      results.push(value) if not iterator.call(context, value, index, list)
+    results
+
+
+  # Determine whether all of the elements match a truth test. Delegate to
+  # JavaScript 1.6's every(), if it is present.
+  _.all: obj, iterator, context =>
+    iterator ||= _.identity
+    return obj.every(iterator, context) if obj and _.isFunction(obj.every)
+    result: true
+    _.each(obj) value, index, list =>
+      _.breakLoop() unless (result: result and iterator.call(context, value, index, list))
+    result
+
+
+  # Determine if at least one element in the object matches a truth test. Use
+  # JavaScript 1.6's some(), if it exists.
+  _.any: obj, iterator, context =>
+    iterator ||= _.identity
+    return obj.some(iterator, context) if obj and _.isFunction(obj.some)
+    result: false
+    _.each(obj) value, index, list =>
+      _.breakLoop() if (result: iterator.call(context, value, index, list))
+    result
+
+
+  # Determine if a given value is included in the array or object,
+  # based on '==='.
+  _.include: obj, target =>
+    return _.indexOf(obj, target) isnt -1 if _.isArray(obj)
+    for key, val of obj
+      return true if val is target
+    false
+
+
+  # Invoke a method with arguments on every item in a collection.
+  _.invoke: obj, method =>
+    args: _.rest(arguments, 2)
+    (if method then val[method] else val).apply(val, args) for val in obj
+
+
+  # Convenience version of a common use case of map: fetching a property.
+  _.pluck: obj, key =>
+    _.map(obj, (val => val[key]))
+
+
+  # Return the maximum item or (item-based computation).
+  _.max: obj, iterator, context =>
+    return Math.max.apply(Math, obj) if not iterator and _.isArray(obj)
+    result: {computed: -Infinity}
+    _.each(obj) value, index, list =>
+      computed: if iterator then iterator.call(context, value, index, list) else value
+      computed >= result.computed and (result: {value: value, computed: computed})
+    result.value
+
+
+  # Return the minimum element (or element-based computation).
+  _.min: obj, iterator, context =>
+    return Math.min.apply(Math, obj) if not iterator and _.isArray(obj)
+    result: {computed: Infinity}
+    _.each(obj) value, index, list =>
+      computed: if iterator then iterator.call(context, value, index, list) else value
+      computed < result.computed and (result: {value: value, computed: computed})
+    result.value
+
+
+  # Sort the object's values by a criteria produced by an iterator.
+  _.sortBy: obj, iterator, context =>
+    _.pluck(((_.map(obj) value, index, list =>
+      {value: value, criteria: iterator.call(context, value, index, list)}
+    ).sort() left, right =>
+      a: left.criteria; b: right.criteria
+      if a < b then -1 else if a > b then 1 else 0
+    ), 'value')
+
+
+  # Use a comparator function to figure out at what index an object should
+  # be inserted so as to maintain order. Uses binary search.
+  _.sortedIndex: array, obj, iterator =>
+    iterator ||= _.identity
+    low: 0; high: array.length
+    while low < high
+      mid: (low + high) >> 1
+      if iterator(array[mid]) < iterator(obj) then low: mid + 1 else high: mid
+    low
+
+
+  # Convert anything iterable into a real, live array.
+  _.toArray: iterable =>
+    return []                   if (!iterable)
+    return iterable.toArray()   if (iterable.toArray)
+    return iterable             if (_.isArray(iterable))
+    return slice.call(iterable) if (_.isArguments(iterable))
+    _.values(iterable)
+
+
+  # Return the number of elements in an object.
+  _.size: obj => _.toArray(obj).length
+
+
+  # -------------------------- Array Functions: ------------------------------
+
+  # Get the first element of an array. Passing "n" will return the first N
+  # values in the array. Aliased as "head". The "guard" check allows it to work
+  # with _.map.
+  _.first: array, n, guard =>
+    if n and not guard then slice.call(array, 0, n) else array[0]
+
+
+  # Returns everything but the first entry of the array. Aliased as "tail".
+  # Especially useful on the arguments object. Passing an "index" will return
+  # the rest of the values in the array from that index onward. The "guard"
+  # check allows it to work with _.map.
+  _.rest: array, index, guard =>
+    slice.call(array, if _.isUndefined(index) or guard then 1 else index)
+
+
+  # Get the last element of an array.
+  _.last: array => array[array.length - 1]
+
+
+  # Trim out all falsy values from an array.
+  _.compact: array => array[i] for i in [0...array.length] when array[i]
+
+
+  # Return a completely flattened version of an array.
+  _.flatten: array =>
+    _.reduce(array, []) memo, value =>
+      return memo.concat(_.flatten(value)) if _.isArray(value)
+      memo.push(value)
+      memo
+
+
+  # Return a version of the array that does not contain the specified value(s).
+  _.without: array =>
+    values: _.rest(arguments)
+    val for val in _.toArray(array) when not _.include(values, val)
+
+
+  # Produce a duplicate-free version of the array. If the array has already
+  # been sorted, you have the option of using a faster algorithm.
+  _.uniq: array, isSorted =>
+    memo: []
+    for el, i in _.toArray(array)
+      memo.push(el) if i is 0 || (if isSorted is true then _.last(memo) isnt el else not _.include(memo, el))
+    memo
+
+
+  # Produce an array that contains every item shared between all the
+  # passed-in arrays.
+  _.intersect: array =>
+    rest: _.rest(arguments)
+    _.select(_.uniq(array)) item =>
+      _.all(rest) other =>
+        _.indexOf(other, item) >= 0
+
+
+  # Zip together multiple lists into a single array -- elements that share
+  # an index go together.
+  _.zip: =>
+    args:       _.toArray(arguments)
+    length:     _.max(_.pluck(args, 'length'))
+    results:    new Array(length)
+    for i in [0...length]
+      results[i]: _.pluck(args, String(i))
+    results
+
+
+  # If the browser doesn't supply us with indexOf (I'm looking at you, MSIE),
+  # we need this function. Return the position of the first occurence of an
+  # item in an array, or -1 if the item is not included in the array.
+  _.indexOf: array, item =>
+    return array.indexOf(item) if array.indexOf
+    i: 0; l: array.length
+    while l - i
+      if array[i] is item then return i else i++
+    -1
+
+
+  # Provide JavaScript 1.6's lastIndexOf, delegating to the native function,
+  # if possible.
+  _.lastIndexOf: array, item =>
+    return array.lastIndexOf(item) if array.lastIndexOf
+    i: array.length
+    while i
+      if array[i] is item then return i else i--
+    -1
+
+
+  # Generate an integer Array containing an arithmetic progression. A port of
+  # the native Python range() function. See:
+  # http://docs.python.org/library/functions.html#range
+  _.range: start, stop, step =>
+    a:        _.toArray(arguments)
+    solo:     a.length <= 1
+    i: start: if solo then 0 else a[0];
+    stop:     if solo then a[0] else a[1];
+    step:     a[2] or 1
+    len:      Math.ceil((stop - start) / step)
+    return [] if len <= 0
+    range:    new Array(len)
+    idx:      0
+    while true
+      return range if (if step > 0 then i - stop else stop - i) >= 0
+      range[idx]: i
+      idx++
+      i+= step
+
+
+  # ----------------------- Function Functions: -----------------------------
+
+  # Create a function bound to a given object (assigning 'this', and arguments,
+  # optionally). Binding with arguments is also known as 'curry'.
+  _.bind: func, obj =>
+    args: _.rest(arguments, 2)
+    => func.apply(obj or root, args.concat(_.toArray(arguments)))
+
+
+  # Bind all of an object's methods to that object. Useful for ensuring that
+  # all callbacks defined on an object belong to it.
+  _.bindAll: obj =>
+    funcs: if arguments.length > 1 then _.rest(arguments) else _.functions(obj)
+    _.each(funcs, (f => obj[f]: _.bind(obj[f], obj)))
+    obj
+
+
+  # Delays a function for the given number of milliseconds, and then calls
+  # it with the arguments supplied.
+  _.delay: func, wait =>
+    args: _.rest(arguments, 2)
+    setTimeout((=> func.apply(func, args)), wait)
+
+
+  # Defers a function, scheduling it to run after the current call stack has
+  # cleared.
+  _.defer: func =>
+    _.delay.apply(_, [func, 1].concat(_.rest(arguments)))
+
+
+  # Returns the first function passed as an argument to the second,
+  # allowing you to adjust arguments, run code before and after, and
+  # conditionally execute the original function.
+  _.wrap: func, wrapper =>
+    => wrapper.apply(wrapper, [func].concat(_.toArray(arguments)))
+
+
+  # Returns a function that is the composition of a list of functions, each
+  # consuming the return value of the function that follows.
+  _.compose: =>
+    funcs: _.toArray(arguments)
+    =>
+      args: _.toArray(arguments)
+      for i in [(funcs.length - 1)..0]
+        args: [funcs[i].apply(this, args)]
+      args[0]
+
+
+  # ------------------------- Object Functions: ----------------------------
+
+  # Retrieve the names of an object's properties.
+  _.keys: obj =>
+    return _.range(0, obj.length) if _.isArray(obj)
+    key for key, val of obj
+
+
+  # Retrieve the values of an object's properties.
+  _.values: obj =>
+    _.map(obj, _.identity)
+
+
+  # Return a sorted list of the function names available in Underscore.
+  _.functions: obj =>
+    _.select(_.keys(obj), key => _.isFunction(obj[key])).sort()
+
+
+  # Extend a given object with all of the properties in a source object.
+  _.extend: destination, source =>
+    for key, val of source
+      destination[key]: val
+    destination
+
+
+  # Create a (shallow-cloned) duplicate of an object.
+  _.clone: obj =>
+    return obj.slice(0) if _.isArray(obj)
+    _.extend({}, obj)
+
+
+  # Invokes interceptor with the obj, and then returns obj.
+  # The primary purpose of this method is to "tap into" a method chain, in order to perform operations on intermediate results within the chain.
+  _.tap: obj, interceptor =>
+    interceptor(obj)
+    obj
+
+
+  # Perform a deep comparison to check if two objects are equal.
+  _.isEqual: a, b =>
+    # Check object identity.
+    return true if a is b
+    # Different types?
+    atype: typeof(a); btype: typeof(b)
+    return false if atype isnt btype
+    # Basic equality test (watch out for coercions).
+    return true if `a == b`
+    # One is falsy and the other truthy.
+    return false if (!a and b) or (a and !b)
+    # One of them implements an isEqual()?
+    return a.isEqual(b) if a.isEqual
+    # Check dates' integer values.
+    return a.getTime() is b.getTime() if _.isDate(a) and _.isDate(b)
+    # Both are NaN?
+    return true if _.isNaN(a) and _.isNaN(b)
+    # Compare regular expressions.
+    if _.isRegExp(a) and _.isRegExp(b)
+      return a.source     is b.source and
+             a.global     is b.global and
+             a.ignoreCase is b.ignoreCase and
+             a.multiline  is b.multiline
+    # If a is not an object by this point, we can't handle it.
+    return false if atype isnt 'object'
+    # Check for different array lengths before comparing contents.
+    return false if a.length and (a.length isnt b.length)
+    # Nothing else worked, deep compare the contents.
+    aKeys: _.keys(a); bKeys: _.keys(b)
+    # Different object sizes?
+    return false if aKeys.length isnt bKeys.length
+    # Recursive comparison of contents.
+    # for (var key in a) if (!_.isEqual(a[key], b[key])) return false;
+    return true
+
+
+  # Is a given array or object empty?
+  _.isEmpty:      obj => _.keys(obj).length is 0
+
+
+  # Is a given value a DOM element?
+  _.isElement:    obj => obj and obj.nodeType is 1
+
+
+  # Is a given value an array?
+  _.isArray:      obj => !!(obj and obj.concat and obj.unshift)
+
+
+  # Is a given variable an arguments object?
+  _.isArguments:  obj => obj and _.isNumber(obj.length) and !_.isArray(obj) and !propertyIsEnumerable.call(obj, 'length')
+
+
+  # Is the given value a function?
+  _.isFunction:   obj => !!(obj and obj.constructor and obj.call and obj.apply)
+
+
+  # Is the given value a string?
+  _.isString:     obj => !!(obj is '' or (obj and obj.charCodeAt and obj.substr))
+
+
+  # Is a given value a number?
+  _.isNumber:     obj => toString.call(obj) is '[object Number]'
+
+
+  # Is a given value a Date?
+  _.isDate:       obj => !!(obj and obj.getTimezoneOffset and obj.setUTCFullYear)
+
+
+  # Is the given value a regular expression?
+  _.isRegExp:     obj => !!(obj and obj.exec and (obj.ignoreCase or obj.ignoreCase is false))
+
+
+  # Is the given value NaN -- this one is interesting. NaN != NaN, and
+  # isNaN(undefined) == true, so we make sure it's a number first.
+  _.isNaN:        obj => _.isNumber(obj) and window.isNaN(obj)
+
+
+  # Is a given value equal to null?
+  _.isNull:       obj => obj is null
+
+
+  # Is a given variable undefined?
+  _.isUndefined:  obj => typeof obj is 'undefined'
+
+
+  # -------------------------- Utility Functions: --------------------------
+
+  # Run Underscore.js in noConflict mode, returning the '_' variable to its
+  # previous owner. Returns a reference to the Underscore object.
+  _.noConflict: =>
+    root._: previousUnderscore
+    this
+
+
+  # Keep the identity function around for default iterators.
+  _.identity: value => value
+
+
+  # Break out of the middle of an iteration.
+  _.breakLoop: => throw breaker
+
+
+  # Generate a unique integer id (unique within the entire client session).
+  # Useful for temporary DOM ids.
+  idCounter: 0
+  _.uniqueId: prefix =>
+    (prefix or '') + idCounter++
+
+
+  # JavaScript templating a-la ERB, pilfered from John Resig's
+  # "Secrets of the JavaScript Ninja", page 83.
+  _.template: str, data =>
+    `var fn = new Function('obj',
+      'var p=[],print=function(){p.push.apply(p,arguments);};' +
+      'with(obj){p.push(\'' +
+      str.
+        replace(/[\r\t\n]/g, " ").
+        split("<%").join("\t").
+        replace(/((^|%>)[^\t]*)'/g, "$1\r").
+        replace(/\t=(.*?)%>/g, "',$1,'").
+        split("\t").join("');").
+        split("%>").join("p.push('").
+        split("\r").join("\\'") +
+      "');}return p.join('');")`
+    if data then fn(data) else fn
+
+
+  # ------------------------------- Aliases ----------------------------------
+
+  _.forEach: _.each
+  _.foldl:   _.inject:      _.reduce
+  _.foldr:   _.reduceRight
+  _.filter:  _.select
+  _.every:   _.all
+  _.some:    _.any
+  _.head:    _.first
+  _.tail:    _.rest
+  _.methods: _.functions
+
+
+  #   /*------------------------ Setup the OOP Wrapper: --------------------------*/
+
+  # Helper function to continue chaining intermediate results.
+  result: obj, chain =>
+    if chain then _(obj).chain() else obj
+
+
+  # Add all of the Underscore functions to the wrapper object.
+  _.each(_.functions(_)) name =>
+    method: _[name]
+    wrapper.prototype[name]: =>
+      args: _.toArray(arguments)
+      unshift.call(args, this._wrapped)
+      result(method.apply(_, args), this._chain)
+
+
+  # Add all mutator Array functions to the wrapper.
+  _.each(['pop', 'push', 'reverse', 'shift', 'sort', 'splice', 'unshift']) name =>
+    method: Array.prototype[name]
+    wrapper.prototype[name]: =>
+      method.apply(this._wrapped, arguments)
+      result(this._wrapped, this._chain)
+
+
+  # Add all accessor Array functions to the wrapper.
+  _.each(['concat', 'join', 'slice']) name =>
+    method: Array.prototype[name]
+    wrapper.prototype[name]: =>
+      result(method.apply(this._wrapped, arguments), this._chain)
+
+
+  # Start chaining a wrapped Underscore object.
+  wrapper::chain: =>
+    this._chain: true
+    this
+
+
+  # Extracts the result from a wrapped and chained object.
+  wrapper::value: => this._wrapped

grammar.y

@@ -1,298 +0,0 @@
-class Parser
-
-# Declare tokens produced by the lexer
-token IF ELSE THEN UNLESS
-token NUMBER STRING REGEX
-token TRUE FALSE NULL
-token IDENTIFIER PROPERTY_ACCESS
-token CODE PARAM NEW RETURN
-token TRY CATCH FINALLY THROW
-token BREAK CONTINUE
-token FOR IN WHILE
-token SWITCH CASE DEFAULT
-token NEWLINE
-token JS
-
-# Declare order of operations.
-prechigh
-  nonassoc UMINUS NOT '!'
-  left     '*' '/' '%'
-  left     '+' '-'
-  left     '<=' '<' '>' '>='
-  right    '==' '!=' IS AINT
-  left     '&&' '||' AND OR
-  left     ':'
-  right    '-=' '+=' '/=' '*=' '||=' '&&='
-  nonassoc IF
-  left     UNLESS
-  right    RETURN THROW FOR WHILE
-  nonassoc "."
-preclow
-
-# We expect 2 shift/reduce errors for optional syntax.
-# There used to be 252 -- greatly improved.
-expect 2
-
-rule
-
-  # All parsing will end in this rule, being the trunk of the AST.
-  Root:
-    /* nothing */                     { result = Nodes.new([]) }
-  | Terminator                        { result = Nodes.new([]) }
-  | Expressions                       { result = val[0] }
-  ;
-
-  # Any list of expressions or method body, seperated by line breaks or semis.
-  Expressions:
-    Expression                        { result = Nodes.new(val) }
-  | Expressions Terminator Expression { result = val[0] << val[2] }
-  | Expressions Terminator            { result = val[0] }
-  | Terminator Expressions            { result = val[1] }
-  ;
-
-  # All types of expressions in our language
-  Expression:
-    Literal
-  | Value
-  | Call
-  | Assign
-  | Code
-  | Operation
-  | If
-  | Try
-  | Throw
-  | Return
-  | While
-  | For
-  | Switch
-  ;
-
-  # All tokens that can terminate an expression
-  Terminator:
-    "\n"
-  | ";"
-  ;
-
-  # All tokens that can serve to begin the second block
-  Then:
-    THEN
-  | Terminator
-  ;
-
-  # All hard-coded values
-  Literal:
-    NUMBER                            { result = LiteralNode.new(val[0]) }
-  | STRING                            { result = LiteralNode.new(val[0]) }
-  | JS                                { result = LiteralNode.new(val[0]) }
-  | REGEX                             { result = LiteralNode.new(val[0]) }
-  | TRUE                              { result = LiteralNode.new(true) }
-  | FALSE                             { result = LiteralNode.new(false) }
-  | NULL                              { result = LiteralNode.new(nil) }
-  | BREAK                             { result = LiteralNode.new(val[0]) }
-  | CONTINUE                          { result = LiteralNode.new(val[0]) }
-  ;
-
-  # Assign to a variable
-  Assign:
-    Value ":" Expression              { result = AssignNode.new(val[0], val[2]) }
-  ;
-
-  # Assignment within an object literal.
-  AssignObj:
-    IDENTIFIER ":" Expression         { result = AssignNode.new(val[0], val[2], :object) }
-  ;
-
-  # A Return statement.
-  Return:
-    RETURN Expression                 { result = ReturnNode.new(val[1]) }
-  ;
-
-  # Arithmetic and logical operators
-  # For Ruby's Operator precedence, see:
-  # https://www.cs.auckland.ac.nz/references/ruby/ProgrammingRuby/language.html
-  Operation:
-    '!' Expression                    { result = OpNode.new(val[0], val[1]) }
-  | '-' Expression = UMINUS           { result = OpNode.new(val[0], val[1]) }
-  | NOT Expression                    { result = OpNode.new(val[0], val[1]) }
-
-
-  | Expression '*' Expression         { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
-  | Expression '/' Expression         { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
-  | Expression '%' Expression         { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
-
-  | Expression '+' Expression         { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
-  | Expression '-' Expression         { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
-
-  | Expression '<=' Expression        { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
-  | Expression '<' Expression         { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
-  | Expression '>' Expression         { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
-  | Expression '>=' Expression        { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
-
-  | Expression '==' Expression        { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
-  | Expression '!=' Expression        { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
-  | Expression IS Expression          { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
-  | Expression AINT Expression        { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
-
-  | Expression '&&' Expression        { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
-  | Expression '||' Expression        { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
-  | Expression AND Expression         { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
-  | Expression OR Expression          { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
-
-  | Expression '-=' Expression        { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
-  | Expression '+=' Expression        { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
-  | Expression '/=' Expression        { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
-  | Expression '*=' Expression        { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
-  | Expression '||=' Expression       { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
-  | Expression '&&=' Expression       { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
-  ;
-
-
-  # Method definition
-  Code:
-    ParamList "=>" Expressions "."    { result = CodeNode.new(val[0], val[2]) }
-  | "=>" Expressions "."              { result = CodeNode.new([], val[1]) }
-  ;
-
-  ParamList:
-    PARAM                             { result = val }
-  | ParamList "," PARAM               { result = val[0] << val[2] }
-  ;
-
-  Value:
-    IDENTIFIER                        { result = ValueNode.new(val) }
-  | Array                             { result = ValueNode.new(val) }
-  | Object                            { result = ValueNode.new(val) }
-  | Parenthetical                     { result = ValueNode.new(val) }
-  | Value Accessor                    { result = val[0] << val[1] }
-  | Invocation Accessor               { result = ValueNode.new(val[0], [val[1]]) }
-  ;
-
-  Accessor:
-    PROPERTY_ACCESS IDENTIFIER        { result = AccessorNode.new(val[1]) }
-  | Index                             { result = val[0] }
-  | Slice                             { result = val[0] }
-  ;
-
-  Index:
-    "[" Expression "]"                { result = IndexNode.new(val[1]) }
-  ;
-
-  Slice:
-    "[" Expression "," Expression "]" { result = SliceNode.new(val[1], val[3]) }
-  ;
-
-  Object:
-    "{" AssignList "}"                { result = ObjectNode.new(val[1]) }
-  ;
-
-  AssignList:
-    /* nothing */                     { result = []}
-  | AssignObj                         { result = val }
-  | AssignList "," AssignObj          { result = val[0] << val[2] }
-  | AssignList Terminator AssignObj   { result = val[0] << val[2] }
-  ;
-
-  # A method call.
-  Call:
-    Invocation                        { result = val[0] }
-  | NEW Invocation                    { result = val[1].new_instance }
-  ;
-
-  Invocation:
-    Value "(" ArgList ")"             { result = CallNode.new(val[0], val[2]) }
-  ;
-
-  # An Array.
-  Array:
-    "[" ArgList "]"                   { result = ArrayNode.new(val[1]) }
-  ;
-
-  # A list of arguments to a method call.
-  ArgList:
-    /* nothing */                     { result = [] }
-  | Expression                        { result = val }
-  | ArgList "," Expression            { result = val[0] << val[2] }
-  | ArgList Terminator Expression     { result = val[0] << val[2] }
-  ;
-
-  If:
-    IF Expression
-       Then Expressions "."           { result = IfNode.new(val[1], val[3]) }
-  | IF Expression
-       Then Expressions
-       ELSE Expressions "."           { result = IfNode.new(val[1], val[3], val[5]) }
-  | Expression IF Expression          { result = IfNode.new(val[2], Nodes.new([val[0]])) }
-  | Expression UNLESS Expression      { result = IfNode.new(val[2], Nodes.new([val[0]]), nil, :invert) }
-  ;
-
-  Try:
-    TRY Expressions CATCH IDENTIFIER
-      Expressions "."                 { result = TryNode.new(val[1], val[3], val[4]) }
-  | TRY Expressions FINALLY
-      Expressions "."                 { result = TryNode.new(val[1], nil, nil, val[3]) }
-  | TRY Expressions CATCH IDENTIFIER
-      Expressions
-      FINALLY Expressions "."         { result = TryNode.new(val[1], val[3], val[4], val[6]) }
-  ;
-
-  Throw:
-    THROW Expression                  { result = ThrowNode.new(val[1]) }
-  ;
-
-  Parenthetical:
-    "(" Expressions ")"               { result = ParentheticalNode.new(val[1]) }
-  ;
-
-  While:
-    WHILE Expression Then
-      Expressions "."                 { result = WhileNode.new(val[1], val[3]) }
-  ;
-
-  For:
-  Expression FOR IDENTIFIER
-    IN Expression "."                 { result = ForNode.new(val[0], val[4], val[2]) }
-  | Expression FOR
-      IDENTIFIER "," IDENTIFIER
-      IN Expression "."               { result = ForNode.new(val[0], val[6], val[2], val[4]) }
-  | Expression FOR IDENTIFIER
-      IN Expression
-      IF Expression "."               { result = ForNode.new(IfNode.new(val[6], Nodes.new([val[0]])), val[4], val[2]) }
-  | Expression FOR
-      IDENTIFIER "," IDENTIFIER
-      IN Expression
-      IF Expression "."               { result = ForNode.new(IfNode.new(val[8], Nodes.new([val[0]])), val[6], val[2], val[4]) }
-  ;
-
-  Switch:
-    SWITCH Expression Then
-      Cases "."                       { result = val[3].rewrite_condition(val[1]) }
-  | SWITCH Expression Then
-      Cases DEFAULT Expressions "."   { result = val[3].rewrite_condition(val[1]).add_default(val[5]) }
-  ;
-
-  Cases:
-    Case                              { result = val[0] }
-  | Cases Case                        { result = val[0] << val[1] }
-  ;
-
-  Case:
-    CASE Expression Then Expressions  { result = IfNode.new(val[1], val[3]) }
-  ;
-
-end
-
----- header
-  require "lexer"
-  require "nodes"
-
----- inner
-  def parse(code, show_tokens=false)
-    # @yydebug = true
-    @tokens = Lexer.new.tokenize(code)
-    puts @tokens.inspect if show_tokens
-    do_parse
-  end
-
-  def next_token
-    @tokens.shift
-  end

lexer.rb

@@ -1,140 +0,0 @@
-class Lexer
-
-  KEYWORDS   = ["if", "else", "then", "unless",
-                "true", "false", "null",
-                "and", "or", "is", "aint", "not",
-                "new", "return",
-                "try", "catch", "finally", "throw",
-                "break", "continue",
-                "for", "in", "while",
-                "switch", "case", "default"]
-
-  IDENTIFIER = /\A([a-zA-Z$_]\w*)/
-  NUMBER     = /\A([0-9]+(\.[0-9]+)?)/
-  STRING     = /\A("(.*?)"|'(.*?)')/
-  JS         = /\A(`(.*?)`)/
-  OPERATOR   = /\A([+\*&|\/\-%=<>]+)/
-  WHITESPACE = /\A([ \t\r]+)/
-  NEWLINE    = /\A([\r\n]+)/
-  COMMENT    = /\A(#[^\r\n]*)/
-  CODE       = /\A(=>)/
-  REGEX      = /\A(\/(.*?)\/[imgy]{0,4})/
-
-  JS_CLEANER = /(\A`|`\Z)/
-
-  EXP_START  = ['{', '(', '[']
-  EXP_END    = ['}', ')', ']']
-
-  # This is how to implement a very simple scanner.
-  # Scan one caracter at the time until you find something to parse.
-  def tokenize(code)
-    @code = code.chomp    # Cleanup code by remove extra line breaks
-    @i = 0                # Current character position we're parsing
-    @tokens = []          # Collection of all parsed tokens in the form [:TOKEN_TYPE, value]
-    while @i < @code.length
-      @chunk = @code[@i..-1]
-      extract_next_token
-    end
-    @tokens
-  end
-
-  def extract_next_token
-    return if identifier_token
-    return if number_token
-    return if string_token
-    return if js_token
-    return if regex_token
-    return if remove_comment
-    return if whitespace_token
-    return    literal_token
-  end
-
-  # Matching if, print, method names, etc.
-  def identifier_token
-    return false unless identifier = @chunk[IDENTIFIER, 1]
-    # Keywords are special identifiers tagged with their own name, 'if' will result
-    # in an [:IF, "if"] token
-    tag = KEYWORDS.include?(identifier) ? identifier.upcase.to_sym : :IDENTIFIER
-    if tag == :IDENTIFIER && @tokens[-1] && @tokens[-1][1] == '.'
-      @tokens[-1] = [:PROPERTY_ACCESS, '.']
-    end
-    @tokens << [tag, identifier]
-    @i += identifier.length
-  end
-
-  def number_token
-    return false unless number = @chunk[NUMBER, 1]
-    float = number.include?('.')
-    @tokens << [:NUMBER, float ? number.to_f : number.to_i]
-    @i += number.length
-  end
-
-  def string_token
-    return false unless string = @chunk[STRING, 1]
-    @tokens << [:STRING, string]
-    @i += string.length
-  end
-
-  def js_token
-    return false unless script = @chunk[JS, 1]
-    @tokens << [:JS, script.gsub(JS_CLEANER, '')]
-    @i += script.length
-  end
-
-  def regex_token
-    return false unless regex = @chunk[REGEX, 1]
-    @tokens << [:REGEX, regex]
-    @i += regex.length
-  end
-
-  def remove_comment
-    return false unless comment = @chunk[COMMENT, 1]
-    @i += comment.length
-  end
-
-  # Ignore whitespace
-  def whitespace_token
-    return false unless whitespace = @chunk[WHITESPACE, 1]
-    @i += whitespace.length
-  end
-
-  # We treat all other single characters as a token. Eg.: ( ) , . !
-  # Multi-character operators are also literal tokens, so that Racc can assign
-  # the proper order of operations. Multiple newlines get merged.
-  def literal_token
-    value = @chunk[NEWLINE, 1]
-    if value
-      @tokens << ["\n", "\n"] unless @tokens.last && @tokens.last[0] == "\n"
-      return @i += value.length
-    end
-    value = @chunk[OPERATOR, 1]
-    tag_parameters if value && value.match(CODE)
-    value ||= @chunk[0,1]
-    skip_following_newlines if EXP_START.include?(value)
-    remove_leading_newlines if EXP_END.include?(value)
-    @tokens << [value, value]
-    @i += value.length
-  end
-
-  # The main source of ambiguity in our grammar was Parameter lists (as opposed
-  # to argument lists in method calls). Tag parameter identifiers to avoid this.
-  def tag_parameters
-    index = 0
-    loop do
-      tok = @tokens[index -= 1]
-      next if tok[0] == ','
-      return if tok[0] != :IDENTIFIER
-      tok[0] = :PARAM
-    end
-  end
-
-  def skip_following_newlines
-    newlines = @code[(@i+1)..-1][NEWLINE, 1]
-    @i += newlines.length if newlines
-  end
-
-  def remove_leading_newlines
-    @tokens.pop if @tokens.last[1] == "\n"
-  end
-
-end

lexer_test.rb

@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-require "lexer"
-p Lexer.new.tokenize(File.read('code.cs'))

lib/coffee-script.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+$LOAD_PATH.unshift(File.dirname(__FILE__))
+require "coffee_script/lexer"
+require "coffee_script/parser"
+require "coffee_script/nodes"
+require "coffee_script/value"
+require "coffee_script/scope"
+require "coffee_script/rewriter"
+require "coffee_script/parse_error"
+
+# Namespace for all CoffeeScript internal classes.
+module CoffeeScript
+
+  VERSION = '0.2.4'   # Keep in sync with the gemspec.
+
+  # Compile a script (String or IO) to JavaScript.
+  def self.compile(script, options={})
+    script = script.read if script.respond_to?(:read)
+    Parser.new.parse(script).compile(options)
+  end
+
+end

lib/coffee_script/CoffeeScript.tmbundle/Preferences/CoffeeScript.tmPreferences

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+<plist version="1.0">
+<dict>
+	<key>name</key>
+	<string>comments</string>
+	<key>scope</key>
+	<string>source.coffee</string>
+	<key>settings</key>
+	<dict>
+		<key>shellVariables</key>
+		<array>
+			<dict>
+				<key>name</key>
+				<string>TM_COMMENT_START</string>
+				<key>value</key>
+				<string># </string>
+			</dict>
+		</array>
+	</dict>
+	<key>uuid</key>
+	<string>0A92C6F6-4D73-4859-B38C-4CC19CBC191F</string>
+</dict>
+</plist>

lib/coffee_script/CoffeeScript.tmbundle/Syntaxes/CoffeeScript.tmLanguage

@@ -0,0 +1,375 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+<plist version="1.0">
+<dict>
+	<key>comment</key>
+	<string>CoffeeScript Syntax: version 1</string>
+	<key>fileTypes</key>
+	<array>
+		<string>coffee</string>
+	</array>
+	<key>name</key>
+	<string>CoffeeScript</string>
+	<key>foldingStartMarker</key>
+	<string>^.*[:=] \{[^\}]*$</string>
+	<key>foldingStopMarker</key>
+	<string>\s*\}</string>
+	<key>patterns</key>
+	<array>
+		<dict>
+			<key>captures</key>
+			<dict>
+				<key>1</key>
+				<dict>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>entity.name.function.coffee</string>
+				</dict>
+				<key>2</key>
+				<dict>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>keyword.operator.coffee</string>
+				</dict>
+				<key>3</key>
+				<dict>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>variable.parameter.function.coffee</string>
+				</dict>
+				<key>4</key>
+				<dict>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>storage.type.function.coffee</string>
+				</dict>
+			</dict>
+			<key>comment</key>
+			<string>match stuff like: funcName: =&gt; … </string>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>([a-zA-Z0-9_?.$:*]*)\s*(=|:)\s*([\w,\s]*?)\s*(=&gt;)</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>meta.function.coffee</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>captures</key>
+			<dict>
+				<key>1</key>
+				<dict>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>variable.parameter.function.coffee</string>
+				</dict>
+				<key>2</key>
+				<dict>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>storage.type.function.coffee</string>
+				</dict>
+			</dict>
+			<key>comment</key>
+			<string>match stuff like: a =&gt; … </string>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>([a-zA-Z0-9_?., $:*]*)\s*(=&gt;)</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>meta.inline.function.coffee</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>captures</key>
+			<dict>
+				<key>1</key>
+				<dict>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>keyword.operator.new.coffee</string>
+				</dict>
+				<key>2</key>
+				<dict>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>entity.name.type.instance.coffee</string>
+				</dict>
+			</dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>(new)\s+(\w+(?:\.\w*)?)</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>meta.class.instance.constructor</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>\b((0(x|X)[0-9a-fA-F]+)|([0-9]+(\.[0-9]+)?(e[+\-]?[0-9]+)?))\b</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>constant.numeric.coffee</string>
+		</dict>
+    <dict>
+      <key>name</key>
+      <string>string.quoted.heredoc.coffee</string>
+      <key>begin</key>
+      <string>("""|''')</string>
+      <key>end</key>
+      <string>("""|''')</string>
+      <key>beginCaptures</key>
+      <dict>
+				<key>0</key>
+				<dict>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>punctuation.definition.string.begin.coffee</string>
+				</dict>
+			</dict>
+      <key>endCaptures</key>
+      <dict>
+				<key>0</key>
+				<dict>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>punctuation.definition.string.end.coffee</string>
+				</dict>
+			</dict>
+    </dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>begin</key>
+			<string>'</string>
+			<key>beginCaptures</key>
+			<dict>
+				<key>0</key>
+				<dict>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>punctuation.definition.string.begin.coffee</string>
+				</dict>
+			</dict>
+			<key>end</key>
+			<string>'</string>
+			<key>endCaptures</key>
+			<dict>
+				<key>0</key>
+				<dict>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>punctuation.definition.string.end.coffee</string>
+				</dict>
+			</dict>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>string.quoted.single.coffee</string>
+			<key>patterns</key>
+			<array>
+				<dict>
+					<key>match</key>
+					<string>\\(x\h{2}|[0-2][0-7]{,2}|3[0-6][0-7]?|37[0-7]?|[4-7][0-7]?|.)</string>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>constant.character.escape.coffee</string>
+				</dict>
+			</array>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>begin</key>
+			<string>"</string>
+			<key>beginCaptures</key>
+			<dict>
+				<key>0</key>
+				<dict>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>punctuation.definition.string.begin.coffee</string>
+				</dict>
+			</dict>
+			<key>end</key>
+			<string>"</string>
+			<key>endCaptures</key>
+			<dict>
+				<key>0</key>
+				<dict>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>punctuation.definition.string.end.coffee</string>
+				</dict>
+			</dict>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>string.quoted.double.coffee</string>
+			<key>patterns</key>
+			<array>
+				<dict>
+					<key>match</key>
+					<string>\\(x\h{2}|[0-2][0-7]{,2}|3[0-6][0-7]|37[0-7]?|[4-7][0-7]?|.)</string>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>constant.character.escape.coffee</string>
+				</dict>
+			</array>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>begin</key>
+			<string>`</string>
+			<key>beginCaptures</key>
+			<dict>
+				<key>0</key>
+				<dict>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>punctuation.definition.string.begin.coffee</string>
+				</dict>
+			</dict>
+			<key>end</key>
+			<string>`</string>
+			<key>endCaptures</key>
+			<dict>
+				<key>0</key>
+				<dict>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>punctuation.definition.string.end.coffee</string>
+				</dict>
+			</dict>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>string.quoted.script.coffee</string>
+			<key>patterns</key>
+			<array>
+				<dict>
+					<key>match</key>
+					<string>\\(x\h{2}|[0-2][0-7]{,2}|3[0-6][0-7]|37[0-7]?|[4-7][0-7]?|.)</string>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>constant.character.escape.coffee</string>
+				</dict>
+			</array>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>captures</key>
+			<dict>
+				<key>1</key>
+				<dict>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>punctuation.definition.comment.coffee</string>
+				</dict>
+			</dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>(#).*$\n?</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>comment.line.coffee</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>\b(break|by|catch|continue|else|finally|for|in|of|if|return|switch|then|throw|try|unless|when|while)\b</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>keyword.control.coffee</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>\b([a-zA-Z$_](\w|\$|:|\.)*)(\:)\s</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>variable.assignment.coffee</string>
+			<key>captures</key>
+			<dict>
+				<key>1</key>
+				<dict>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>entity.name.function.coffee</string>
+				</dict>
+				<key>3</key>
+				<dict>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>keyword.operator.coffee</string>
+				</dict>
+			</dict>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>\b(true|on|yes)\b</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>constant.language.boolean.true.coffee</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>\b(false|off|no)\b</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>constant.language.boolean.false.coffee</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>\bnull\b</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>constant.language.null.coffee</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>\b(super|this|extends)\b</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>variable.language.coffee</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>\b(debugger|\\)\b</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>keyword.other.coffee</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>!|%|&amp;|\*|\/|\-\-|\-|\+\+|\+|~|===|==|=|!=|!==|&lt;=|&gt;=|&lt;&lt;=|&gt;&gt;=|&gt;&gt;&gt;=|&lt;&gt;|&lt;|&gt;|!|&amp;&amp;|\?|\|\||\:|\*=|(?&lt;!\()/=|%=|\+=|\-=|&amp;=|\^=|\b(instanceof|new|delete|typeof|and|or|is|isnt|not)\b</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>keyword.operator.coffee</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>\b(Infinity|NaN|undefined)\b</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>constant.language.coffee</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>begin</key>
+			<string>(?&lt;=[=(:]|^|return)\s*(/)(?![/*+{}?])</string>
+			<key>beginCaptures</key>
+			<dict>
+				<key>1</key>
+				<dict>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>punctuation.definition.string.begin.coffee</string>
+				</dict>
+			</dict>
+			<key>end</key>
+			<string>(/)[igm]*</string>
+			<key>endCaptures</key>
+			<dict>
+				<key>1</key>
+				<dict>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>punctuation.definition.string.end.coffee</string>
+				</dict>
+			</dict>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>string.regexp.coffee</string>
+			<key>patterns</key>
+			<array>
+				<dict>
+					<key>match</key>
+					<string>\\.</string>
+					<key>name</key>
+					<string>constant.character.escape.coffee</string>
+				</dict>
+			</array>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>\;</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>punctuation.terminator.statement.coffee</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>,[ |\t]*</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>meta.delimiter.object.comma.coffee</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>\.</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>meta.delimiter.method.period.coffee</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>\{|\}</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>meta.brace.curly.coffee</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>\(|\)</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>meta.brace.round.coffee</string>
+		</dict>
+		<dict>
+			<key>match</key>
+			<string>\[|\]</string>
+			<key>name</key>
+			<string>meta.brace.square.coffee</string>
+		</dict>
+	</array>
+	<key>scopeName</key>
+	<string>source.coffee</string>
+	<key>uuid</key>
+	<string>5B520980-A7D5-4E10-8582-1A4C889A8DE5</string>
+</dict>
+</plist>

lib/coffee_script/CoffeeScript.tmbundle/info.plist

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+<plist version="1.0">
+<dict>
+	<key>name</key>
+	<string>CoffeeScript</string>
+	<key>uuid</key>
+	<string>A46E4382-F1AC-405B-8F22-65FF470F34D7</string>
+</dict>
+</plist>

lib/coffee_script/command_line.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,227 @@
+require 'optparse'
+require 'fileutils'
+require 'open3'
+begin
+  require File.expand_path(File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/../coffee-script')
+rescue LoadError => e
+  puts(e.message)
+  puts("use \"rake build:parser\" to regenerate parser.rb")
+  exit(1)
+end
+
+module CoffeeScript
+
+  # The CommandLine handles all of the functionality of the `coffee`
+  # utility.
+  class CommandLine
+
+    BANNER = <<-EOS
+coffee compiles CoffeeScript source files into JavaScript.
+
+Usage:
+  coffee path/to/script.coffee
+    EOS
+
+    # Seconds to pause between checks for changed source files.
+    WATCH_INTERVAL = 0.5
+
+    # Command to execute in Narwhal
+    PACKAGE = File.expand_path(File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/../..')
+    LAUNCHER = "narwhal -p #{PACKAGE} -e 'require(\"coffee-script\").run(system.args);'"
+
+    # Run the CommandLine off the contents of ARGV.
+    def initialize
+      @mtimes = {}
+      parse_options
+      return launch_repl if @options[:interactive]
+      return eval_scriptlet if @options[:eval]
+      check_sources
+      return run_scripts if @options[:run]
+      @sources.each {|source| compile_javascript(source) }
+      watch_coffee_scripts if @options[:watch]
+    end
+
+    # The "--help" usage message.
+    def usage
+      puts "\n#{@option_parser}\n"
+      exit
+    end
+
+
+    private
+
+    # Compiles (or partially compiles) the source CoffeeScript file, returning
+    # the desired JS, tokens, or lint results.
+    def compile_javascript(source)
+      script = File.read(source)
+      return tokens(script) if @options[:tokens]
+      js = compile(script, source)
+      return unless js
+      return puts(js) if @options[:print]
+      return lint(js) if @options[:lint]
+      File.open(path_for(source), 'w+') {|f| f.write(js) }
+    end
+
+    # Spins up a watcher thread to keep track of the modification times of the
+    # source files, recompiling them whenever they're saved.
+    def watch_coffee_scripts
+      watch_thread = Thread.start do
+        loop do
+          @sources.each do |source|
+            mtime = File.stat(source).mtime
+            @mtimes[source] ||= mtime
+            if mtime > @mtimes[source]
+              @mtimes[source] = mtime
+              compile_javascript(source)
+            end
+          end
+          sleep WATCH_INTERVAL
+        end
+      end
+      Signal.trap("INT") { watch_thread.kill }
+      watch_thread.join
+    end
+
+    # Ensure that all of the source files exist.
+    def check_sources
+      usage if @sources.empty?
+      missing = @sources.detect {|s| !File.exists?(s) }
+      if missing
+        STDERR.puts("File not found: '#{missing}'")
+        exit(1)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Pipe compiled JS through JSLint (requires a working 'jsl' command).
+    def lint(js)
+      stdin, stdout, stderr = Open3.popen3('jsl -nologo -stdin')
+      stdin.write(js)
+      stdin.close
+      puts stdout.read.tr("\n", '')
+      errs = stderr.read.chomp
+      puts errs unless errs.empty?
+      stdout.close and stderr.close
+    end
+
+    # Eval a little piece of CoffeeScript directly from the command line.
+    def eval_scriptlet
+      script = STDIN.tty? ? @sources.join(' ') : STDIN.read
+      return tokens(script) if @options[:tokens]
+      js = compile(script)
+      return lint(js) if @options[:lint]
+      puts js
+    end
+
+    # Use Narwhal to run an interactive CoffeeScript session.
+    def launch_repl
+      exec "#{LAUNCHER}"
+    rescue Errno::ENOENT
+      puts "Error: Narwhal must be installed to use the interactive REPL."
+      exit(1)
+    end
+
+    # Use Narwhal to compile and execute CoffeeScripts.
+    def run_scripts
+      sources = @sources.join(' ')
+      exec "#{LAUNCHER} #{sources}"
+    rescue Errno::ENOENT
+      puts "Error: Narwhal must be installed in order to execute CoffeeScripts."
+      exit(1)
+    end
+
+    # Print the tokens that the lexer generates from a source script.
+    def tokens(script)
+      puts Lexer.new.tokenize(script).inspect
+    end
+
+    # Compile a single source file to JavaScript.
+    def compile(script, source='error')
+      begin
+        options = {}
+        options[:no_wrap] = true if @options[:no_wrap]
+        options[:globals] = true if @options[:globals]
+        CoffeeScript.compile(script, options)
+      rescue CoffeeScript::ParseError, SyntaxError => e
+        STDERR.puts "#{source}: #{e.message}"
+        exit(1) unless @options[:watch]
+        nil
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Write out JavaScript alongside CoffeeScript unless an output directory
+    # is specified.
+    def path_for(source)
+      filename = File.basename(source, File.extname(source)) + '.js'
+      dir      = @options[:output] || File.dirname(source)
+      File.join(dir, filename)
+    end
+
+    # Install the CoffeeScript TextMate bundle to ~/Library.
+    def install_bundle
+      bundle_dir = File.expand_path('~/Library/Application Support/TextMate/Bundles/')
+      FileUtils.cp_r(File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/CoffeeScript.tmbundle', bundle_dir)
+    end
+
+    # Use OptionParser for all the options.
+    def parse_options
+      @options = {}
+      @option_parser = OptionParser.new do |opts|
+        opts.on('-i', '--interactive', 'run a CoffeeScript REPL (requires Narwhal)') do |i|
+          @options[:interactive] = true
+        end
+        opts.on('-r', '--run', 'compile and run a script (requires Narwhal)') do |r|
+          @options[:run] = true
+        end
+        opts.on('-o', '--output [DIR]', 'set the directory for compiled JavaScript') do |d|
+          @options[:output] = d
+          FileUtils.mkdir_p(d) unless File.exists?(d)
+        end
+        opts.on('-w', '--watch', 'watch scripts for changes, and recompile') do |w|
+          @options[:watch] = true
+        end
+        opts.on('-p', '--print', 'print the compiled JavaScript to stdout') do |d|
+          @options[:print] = true
+        end
+        opts.on('-l', '--lint', 'pipe the compiled JavaScript through JSLint') do |l|
+          @options[:lint] = true
+        end
+        opts.on('-e', '--eval', 'compile a cli scriptlet or read from stdin') do |e|
+          @options[:eval] = true
+        end
+        opts.on('-t', '--tokens', 'print the tokens that the lexer produces') do |t|
+          @options[:tokens] = true
+        end
+        opts.on('-v', '--verbose', 'print at every step of code generation') do |v|
+          ENV['VERBOSE'] = 'true'
+        end
+        opts.on('-n', '--no-wrap', 'raw output, no function safety wrapper') do |n|
+          @options[:no_wrap] = true
+        end
+        opts.on('-g', '--globals', 'attach all top-level variable as globals') do |n|
+          @options[:globals] = true
+        end
+        opts.on_tail('--install-bundle', 'install the CoffeeScript TextMate bundle') do |i|
+          install_bundle
+          exit
+        end
+        opts.on_tail('--version', 'display CoffeeScript version') do
+          puts "CoffeeScript version #{CoffeeScript::VERSION}"
+          exit
+        end
+        opts.on_tail('-h', '--help', 'display this help message') do
+          usage
+        end
+      end
+      @option_parser.banner = BANNER
+      begin
+        @option_parser.parse!(ARGV)
+      rescue OptionParser::InvalidOption => e
+        puts e.message
+        exit(1)
+      end
+      @sources = ARGV
+    end
+
+  end
+
+end

lib/coffee_script/grammar.y

@@ -0,0 +1,454 @@
+class Parser
+
+# Declare terminal tokens produced by the lexer.
+token IF ELSE UNLESS
+token NUMBER STRING REGEX
+token TRUE FALSE YES NO ON OFF
+token IDENTIFIER PROPERTY_ACCESS PROTOTYPE_ACCESS
+token CODE PARAM NEW RETURN
+token TRY CATCH FINALLY THROW
+token BREAK CONTINUE
+token FOR IN OF BY WHEN WHILE
+token SWITCH LEADING_WHEN
+token DELETE INSTANCEOF TYPEOF
+token SUPER EXTENDS
+token ARGUMENTS
+token NEWLINE
+token COMMENT
+token JS
+token INDENT OUTDENT
+
+# Declare order of operations.
+prechigh
+  left     '?'
+  nonassoc UMINUS NOT '!' '!!' '~' '++' '--'
+  left     '*' '/' '%'
+  left     '+' '-'
+  left     '<<' '>>' '>>>'
+  left     '&' '|' '^'
+  left     '<=' '<' '>' '>='
+  right    '==' '!=' IS ISNT
+  left     '&&' '||' AND OR
+  right    '-=' '+=' '/=' '*=' '%='
+  right    DELETE INSTANCEOF TYPEOF
+  left     '.'
+  right    INDENT
+  left     OUTDENT
+  right    WHEN LEADING_WHEN IN OF BY
+  right    THROW FOR NEW SUPER
+  left     EXTENDS
+  left     ASSIGN '||=' '&&='
+  right    RETURN
+  right    '=>' UNLESS IF ELSE WHILE
+preclow
+
+rule
+
+  # All parsing will end in this rule, being the trunk of the AST.
+  Root:
+    /* nothing */                     { result = Expressions.new }
+  | Terminator                        { result = Expressions.new }
+  | Expressions                       { result = val[0] }
+  | Block Terminator                  { result = val[0] }
+  ;
+
+  # Any list of expressions or method body, seperated by line breaks or semis.
+  Expressions:
+    Expression                        { result = Expressions.wrap(val) }
+  | Expressions Terminator Expression { result = val[0] << val[2] }
+  | Expressions Terminator            { result = val[0] }
+  ;
+
+  # All types of expressions in our language. The basic unit of CoffeeScript
+  # is the expression.
+  Expression:
+    Value
+  | Call
+  | Code
+  | Operation
+  | Assign
+  | If
+  | Try
+  | Throw
+  | Return
+  | While
+  | For
+  | Switch
+  | Extends
+  | Splat
+  | Existence
+  | Comment
+  ;
+
+  # A block of expressions. Note that the Rewriter will convert some postfix
+  # forms into blocks for us, by altering the token stream.
+  Block:
+    INDENT Expressions OUTDENT        { result = val[1] }
+  | INDENT OUTDENT                    { result = Expressions.new }
+  ;
+
+  # Tokens that can terminate an expression.
+  Terminator:
+    "\n"
+  | ";"
+  ;
+
+  # All hard-coded values. These can be printed straight to JavaScript.
+  Literal:
+    NUMBER                            { result = LiteralNode.new(val[0]) }
+  | STRING                            { result = LiteralNode.new(val[0]) }
+  | JS                                { result = LiteralNode.new(val[0]) }
+  | REGEX                             { result = LiteralNode.new(val[0]) }
+  | BREAK                             { result = LiteralNode.new(val[0]) }
+  | CONTINUE                          { result = LiteralNode.new(val[0]) }
+  | ARGUMENTS                         { result = LiteralNode.new(val[0]) }
+  | TRUE                              { result = LiteralNode.new(true) }
+  | FALSE                             { result = LiteralNode.new(false) }
+  | YES                               { result = LiteralNode.new(true) }
+  | NO                                { result = LiteralNode.new(false) }
+  | ON                                { result = LiteralNode.new(true) }
+  | OFF                               { result = LiteralNode.new(false) }
+  ;
+
+  # Assignment to a variable (or index).
+  Assign:
+    Value ASSIGN Expression           { result = AssignNode.new(val[0], val[2]) }
+  ;
+
+  # Assignment within an object literal (can be quoted).
+  AssignObj:
+    IDENTIFIER ASSIGN Expression      { result = AssignNode.new(ValueNode.new(val[0]), val[2], :object) }
+  | STRING ASSIGN Expression          { result = AssignNode.new(ValueNode.new(LiteralNode.new(val[0])), val[2], :object) }
+  | Comment                           { result = val[0] }
+  ;
+
+  # A return statement.
+  Return:
+    RETURN Expression                 { result = ReturnNode.new(val[1]) }
+  | RETURN                            { result = ReturnNode.new(ValueNode.new(Value.new('null'))) }
+  ;
+
+  # A comment.
+  Comment:
+    COMMENT                           { result = CommentNode.new(val[0]) }
+  ;
+
+  # Arithmetic and logical operators
+  # For Ruby's Operator precedence, see:
+  # https://www.cs.auckland.ac.nz/references/ruby/ProgrammingRuby/language.html
+  Operation:
+    '!' Expression                    { result = OpNode.new(val[0], val[1]) }
+  | '!!' Expression                   { result = OpNode.new(val[0], val[1]) }
+  | '-' Expression = UMINUS           { result = OpNode.new(val[0], val[1]) }
+  | NOT Expression                    { result = OpNode.new(val[0], val[1]) }
+  | '~' Expression                    { result = OpNode.new(val[0], val[1]) }
+  | '--' Expression                   { result = OpNode.new(val[0], val[1]) }
+  | '++' Expression                   { result = OpNode.new(val[0], val[1]) }
+  | DELETE Expression                 { result = OpNode.new(val[0], val[1]) }
+  | TYPEOF Expression                 { result = OpNode.new(val[0], val[1]) }
+  | Expression '--'                   { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], nil, true) }
+  | Expression '++'                   { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], nil, true) }
+
+  | Expression '*' Expression         { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
+  | Expression '/' Expression         { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
+  | Expression '%' Expression         { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
+
+  | Expression '+' Expression         { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
+  | Expression '-' Expression         { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
+
+  | Expression '<<' Expression        { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
+  | Expression '>>' Expression        { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
+  | Expression '>>>' Expression       { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
+
+  | Expression '&' Expression         { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
+  | Expression '|' Expression         { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
+  | Expression '^' Expression         { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
+
+  | Expression '<=' Expression        { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
+  | Expression '<' Expression         { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
+  | Expression '>' Expression         { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
+  | Expression '>=' Expression        { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
+
+  | Expression '==' Expression        { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
+  | Expression '!=' Expression        { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
+  | Expression IS Expression          { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
+  | Expression ISNT Expression        { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
+
+  | Expression '&&' Expression        { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
+  | Expression '||' Expression        { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
+  | Expression AND Expression         { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
+  | Expression OR Expression          { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
+
+  | Expression '-=' Expression        { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
+  | Expression '+=' Expression        { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
+  | Expression '/=' Expression        { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
+  | Expression '*=' Expression        { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
+  | Expression '%=' Expression        { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
+  | Expression '||=' Expression       { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
+  | Expression '&&=' Expression       { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
+
+  | Expression INSTANCEOF Expression  { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
+  | Expression IN Expression          { result = OpNode.new(val[1], val[0], val[2]) }
+  ;
+
+  # The existence operator.
+  Existence:
+    Expression '?'                    { result = ExistenceNode.new(val[0]) }
+  ;
+
+  # Function definition.
+  Code:
+    ParamList "=>" Block              { result = CodeNode.new(val[0], val[2]) }
+  | "=>" Block                        { result = CodeNode.new([], val[1]) }
+  ;
+
+  # The parameters to a function definition.
+  ParamList:
+    Param                             { result = val }
+  | ParamList "," Param               { result = val[0] << val[2] }
+  ;
+
+  # A Parameter (or ParamSplat) in a function definition.
+  Param:
+    PARAM
+  | PARAM "." "." "."                 { result = ParamSplatNode.new(val[0]) }
+  ;
+
+  # A regular splat.
+  Splat:
+    Expression "." "." "."            { result = ArgSplatNode.new(val[0])}
+  ;
+
+  # Expressions that can be treated as values.
+  Value:
+    IDENTIFIER                        { result = ValueNode.new(val[0]) }
+  | Literal                           { result = ValueNode.new(val[0]) }
+  | Array                             { result = ValueNode.new(val[0]) }
+  | Object                            { result = ValueNode.new(val[0]) }
+  | Parenthetical                     { result = ValueNode.new(val[0]) }
+  | Range                             { result = ValueNode.new(val[0]) }
+  | Value Accessor                    { result = val[0] << val[1] }
+  | Invocation Accessor               { result = ValueNode.new(val[0], [val[1]]) }
+  ;
+
+  # Accessing into an object or array, through dot or index notation.
+  Accessor:
+    PROPERTY_ACCESS IDENTIFIER        { result = AccessorNode.new(val[1]) }
+  | PROTOTYPE_ACCESS IDENTIFIER       { result = AccessorNode.new(val[1], true) }
+  | Index                             { result = val[0] }
+  | Range                             { result = SliceNode.new(val[0]) }
+  ;
+
+  # Indexing into an object or array.
+  Index:
+    "[" Expression "]"                { result = IndexNode.new(val[1]) }
+  ;
+
+  # An object literal.
+  Object:
+    "{" AssignList "}"                { result = ObjectNode.new(val[1]) }
+  ;
+
+  # Assignment within an object literal (comma or newline separated).
+  AssignList:
+    /* nothing */                     { result = [] }
+  | AssignObj                         { result = val }
+  | AssignList "," AssignObj          { result = val[0] << val[2] }
+  | AssignList Terminator AssignObj   { result = val[0] << val[2] }
+  | AssignList ","
+      Terminator AssignObj            { result = val[0] << val[3] }
+  | INDENT AssignList OUTDENT         { result = val[1] }
+  ;
+
+  # All flavors of function call (instantiation, super, and regular).
+  Call:
+    Invocation                        { result = val[0] }
+  | NEW Invocation                    { result = val[1].new_instance }
+  | Super                             { result = val[0] }
+  ;
+
+  # Extending an object's prototype.
+  Extends:
+    Value EXTENDS Value               { result = ExtendsNode.new(val[0], val[2]) }
+  ;
+
+  # A generic function invocation.
+  Invocation:
+    Value Arguments                   { result = CallNode.new(val[0], val[1]) }
+  | Invocation Arguments              { result = CallNode.new(val[0], val[1]) }
+  # | Invocation Code                   { result = val[0] << val[1] }
+  ;
+
+  # The list of arguments to a function invocation.
+  Arguments:
+    "(" ArgList ")"                   { result = val[1] }
+  | "(" ArgList ")" Code              { result = val[1] << val[3] }
+  ;
+
+  # Calling super.
+  Super:
+    SUPER "(" ArgList ")"             { result = CallNode.new(:super, val[2]) }
+  ;
+
+  # The range literal.
+  Range:
+    "[" Expression
+      "." "." Expression "]"          { result = RangeNode.new(val[1], val[4]) }
+  | "[" Expression
+      "." "." "." Expression "]"      { result = RangeNode.new(val[1], val[5], true) }
+  ;
+
+  # The array literal.
+  Array:
+    "[" ArgList "]"                   { result = ArrayNode.new(val[1]) }
+  ;
+
+  # A list of arguments to a method call, or as the contents of an array.
+  ArgList:
+    /* nothing */                     { result = [] }
+  | Expression                        { result = val }
+  | INDENT Expression                 { result = [val[1]] }
+  | ArgList "," Expression            { result = val[0] << val[2] }
+  | ArgList Terminator Expression     { result = val[0] << val[2] }
+  | ArgList "," Terminator Expression { result = val[0] << val[3] }
+  | ArgList "," INDENT Expression     { result = val[0] << val[3] }
+  | ArgList OUTDENT                   { result = val[0] }
+  ;
+
+  # Try/catch/finally exception handling blocks.
+  Try:
+    TRY Block Catch                   { result = TryNode.new(val[1], val[2][0], val[2][1]) }
+  | TRY Block FINALLY Block           { result = TryNode.new(val[1], nil, nil, val[3]) }
+  | TRY Block Catch
+      FINALLY Block                   { result = TryNode.new(val[1], val[2][0], val[2][1], val[4]) }
+  ;
+
+  # A catch clause.
+  Catch:
+    CATCH IDENTIFIER Block            { result = [val[1], val[2]] }
+  ;
+
+  # Throw an exception.
+  Throw:
+    THROW Expression                  { result = ThrowNode.new(val[1]) }
+  ;
+
+  # Parenthetical expressions.
+  Parenthetical:
+    "(" Expression ")"                { result = ParentheticalNode.new(val[1], val[0].line) }
+  ;
+
+  # The while loop. (there is no do..while).
+  While:
+    WHILE Expression Block            { result = WhileNode.new(val[1], val[2]) }
+  | WHILE Expression                  { result = WhileNode.new(val[1], nil) }
+  ;
+
+  # Array comprehensions, including guard and current index.
+  # Looks a little confusing, check nodes.rb for the arguments to ForNode.
+  For:
+    Expression FOR
+      ForVariables ForSource          { result = ForNode.new(val[0], val[3], val[2][0], val[2][1]) }
+  | FOR ForVariables ForSource Block  { result = ForNode.new(val[3], val[2], val[1][0], val[1][1]) }
+  ;
+
+  # An array comprehension has variables for the current element and index.
+  ForVariables:
+    IDENTIFIER                        { result = val }
+  | IDENTIFIER "," IDENTIFIER         { result = [val[0], val[2]] }
+  ;
+
+  # The source of the array comprehension can optionally be filtered.
+  ForSource:
+    IN Expression                     { result = {:source => val[1]} }
+  | OF Expression                     { result = {:source => val[1], :object => true} }
+  | ForSource
+    WHEN Expression                   { result = val[0].merge(:filter => val[2]) }
+  | ForSource
+    BY Expression                     { result = val[0].merge(:step => val[2]) }
+  ;
+
+  # Switch/When blocks.
+  Switch:
+    SWITCH Expression INDENT
+      Whens OUTDENT                   { result = val[3].rewrite_condition(val[1]) }
+  | SWITCH Expression INDENT
+      Whens ELSE Block OUTDENT        { result = val[3].rewrite_condition(val[1]).add_else(val[5]) }
+  ;
+
+  # The inner list of whens.
+  Whens:
+    When                              { result = val[0] }
+  | Whens When                        { result = val[0] << val[1] }
+  ;
+
+  # An individual when.
+  When:
+    LEADING_WHEN Expression Block     { result = IfNode.new(val[1], val[2], nil, {:statement => true}) }
+  | LEADING_WHEN Expression Block
+      Terminator                      { result = IfNode.new(val[1], val[2], nil, {:statement => true}) }
+  | Comment Terminator When           { result = val[2].add_comment(val[0]) }
+  ;
+
+  # The most basic form of "if".
+  IfBlock:
+    IF Expression Block               { result = IfNode.new(val[1], val[2]) }
+  ;
+
+  # An elsif portion of an if-else block.
+  ElsIf:
+    ELSE IfBlock                      { result = val[1].force_statement }
+  ;
+
+  # Multiple elsifs can be chained together.
+  ElsIfs:
+    ElsIf                             { result = val[0] }
+  | ElsIfs ElsIf                      { result = val[0].add_else(val[1]) }
+  ;
+
+  # Terminating else bodies are strictly optional.
+  ElseBody
+    /* nothing */                     { result = nil }
+  | ELSE Block                        { result = val[1] }
+  ;
+
+  # All the alternatives for ending an if-else block.
+  IfEnd:
+    ElseBody                          { result = val[0] }
+  | ElsIfs ElseBody                   { result = val[0].add_else(val[1]) }
+  ;
+
+  # The full complement of if blocks, including postfix one-liner ifs and unlesses.
+  If:
+    IfBlock IfEnd                     { result = val[0].add_else(val[1]) }
+  | Expression IF Expression          { result = IfNode.new(val[2], Expressions.wrap(val[0]), nil, {:statement => true}) }
+  | Expression UNLESS Expression      { result = IfNode.new(val[2], Expressions.wrap(val[0]), nil, {:statement => true, :invert => true}) }
+  ;
+
+end
+
+---- header
+module CoffeeScript
+
+---- inner
+  # Lex and parse a CoffeeScript.
+  def parse(code)
+    # Uncomment the following line to enable grammar debugging, in combination
+    # with the -g flag in the Rake build task.
+    # @yydebug = true
+    @tokens = Lexer.new.tokenize(code)
+    do_parse
+  end
+
+  # Retrieve the next token from the list.
+  def next_token
+    @tokens.shift
+  end
+
+  # Raise a custom error class that knows about line numbers.
+  def on_error(error_token_id, error_value, value_stack)
+    raise ParseError.new(token_to_str(error_token_id), error_value, value_stack)
+  end
+
+---- footer
+end

lib/coffee_script/lexer.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,252 @@
+module CoffeeScript
+
+  # The lexer reads a stream of CoffeeScript and divvys it up into tagged
+  # tokens. A minor bit of the ambiguity in the grammar has been avoided by
+  # pushing some extra smarts into the Lexer.
+  class Lexer
+
+    # The list of keywords passed verbatim to the parser.
+    KEYWORDS   = ["if", "else", "then", "unless",
+                  "true", "false", "yes", "no", "on", "off",
+                  "and", "or", "is", "isnt", "not",
+                  "new", "return",
+                  "try", "catch", "finally", "throw",
+                  "break", "continue",
+                  "for", "in", "of", "by", "where", "while",
+                  "switch", "when",
+                  "super", "extends",
+                  "arguments",
+                  "delete", "instanceof", "typeof"]
+
+    # Token matching regexes.
+    IDENTIFIER = /\A([a-zA-Z$_](\w|\$)*)/
+    NUMBER     = /\A(\b((0(x|X)[0-9a-fA-F]+)|([0-9]+(\.[0-9]+)?(e[+\-]?[0-9]+)?)))\b/i
+    STRING     = /\A(""|''|"(.*?)([^\\]|\\\\)"|'(.*?)([^\\]|\\\\)')/m
+    HEREDOC    = /\A("{6}|'{6}|"{3}\n?(\s*)(.*?)\n?(\s*)"{3}|'{3}\n?(\s*)(.*?)\n?(\s*)'{3})/m
+    JS         = /\A(``|`(.*?)([^\\]|\\\\)`)/m
+    OPERATOR   = /\A([+\*&|\/\-%=<>:!]+)/
+    WHITESPACE = /\A([ \t]+)/
+    COMMENT    = /\A(((\n?[ \t]*)?#.*$)+)/
+    CODE       = /\A(=>)/
+    REGEX      = /\A(\/(.*?)([^\\]|\\\\)\/[imgy]{0,4})/
+    MULTI_DENT = /\A((\n([ \t]*))+)(\.)?/
+    LAST_DENT  = /\n([ \t]*)/
+    ASSIGNMENT = /\A(:|=)\Z/
+
+    # Token cleaning regexes.
+    JS_CLEANER = /(\A`|`\Z)/
+    MULTILINER = /\n/
+    COMMENT_CLEANER = /(^\s*#|\n\s*$)/
+    NO_NEWLINE = /\A([+\*&|\/\-%=<>:!.\\][<>=&|]*|and|or|is|isnt|not|delete|typeof|instanceof)\Z/
+
+    # Tokens which a regular expression will never immediately follow, but which
+    # a division operator might.
+    # See: http://www.mozilla.org/js/language/js20-2002-04/rationale/syntax.html#regular-expressions
+    NOT_REGEX  = [
+      :IDENTIFIER, :NUMBER, :REGEX, :STRING,
+      ')', '++', '--', ']', '}',
+      :FALSE, :NULL, :THIS, :TRUE
+    ]
+
+    # Scan by attempting to match tokens one character at a time. Slow and steady.
+    def tokenize(code)
+      @code = code.chomp  # Cleanup code by remove extra line breaks
+      @i = 0              # Current character position we're parsing
+      @line = 1           # The current line.
+      @indent = 0         # The current indent level.
+      @indents = []       # The stack of all indent levels we are currently within.
+      @tokens = []        # Collection of all parsed tokens in the form [:TOKEN_TYPE, value]
+      while @i < @code.length
+        @chunk = @code[@i..-1]
+        extract_next_token
+      end
+      puts "original stream: #{@tokens.inspect}" if ENV['VERBOSE']
+      close_indentation
+      Rewriter.new.rewrite(@tokens)
+    end
+
+    # At every position, run through this list of attempted matches,
+    # short-circuiting if any of them succeed.
+    def extract_next_token
+      return if identifier_token
+      return if number_token
+      return if heredoc_token
+      return if string_token
+      return if js_token
+      return if regex_token
+      return if indent_token
+      return if comment_token
+      return if whitespace_token
+      return    literal_token
+    end
+
+    # Tokenizers ==========================================================
+
+    # Matches identifying literals: variables, keywords, method names, etc.
+    def identifier_token
+      return false unless identifier = @chunk[IDENTIFIER, 1]
+      # Keywords are special identifiers tagged with their own name,
+      # 'if' will result in an [:IF, "if"] token.
+      tag = KEYWORDS.include?(identifier) ? identifier.upcase.to_sym : :IDENTIFIER
+      tag = :LEADING_WHEN if tag == :WHEN && [:OUTDENT, :INDENT, "\n"].include?(last_tag)
+      @tokens[-1][0] = :PROPERTY_ACCESS if tag == :IDENTIFIER && last_value == '.' && !(@tokens[-2] && @tokens[-2][1] == '.')
+      @tokens[-1][0] = :PROTOTYPE_ACCESS if tag == :IDENTIFIER && last_value == '::'
+      token(tag, identifier)
+      @i += identifier.length
+    end
+
+    # Matches numbers, including decimals, hex, and exponential notation.
+    def number_token
+      return false unless number = @chunk[NUMBER, 1]
+      token(:NUMBER, number)
+      @i += number.length
+    end
+
+    # Matches strings, including multi-line strings.
+    def string_token
+      return false unless string = @chunk[STRING, 1]
+      escaped = string.gsub(MULTILINER, " \\\n")
+      token(:STRING, escaped)
+      @line += string.count("\n")
+      @i += string.length
+    end
+
+    # Matches heredocs, adjusting indentation to the correct level.
+    def heredoc_token
+      return false unless match = @chunk.match(HEREDOC)
+      indent  = match[2] || match[5]
+      doc     = match[3] || match[6]
+      doc.gsub!(/\n#{indent}/, "\\n")
+      doc.gsub!('"', '\\"')
+      token(:STRING, "\"#{doc}\"")
+      @line += match[1].count("\n")
+      @i += match[1].length
+    end
+
+    # Matches interpolated JavaScript.
+    def js_token
+      return false unless script = @chunk[JS, 1]
+      token(:JS, script.gsub(JS_CLEANER, ''))
+      @i += script.length
+    end
+
+    # Matches regular expression literals.
+    def regex_token
+      return false unless regex = @chunk[REGEX, 1]
+      return false if NOT_REGEX.include?(last_tag)
+      token(:REGEX, regex)
+      @i += regex.length
+    end
+
+    # Matches and consumes comments.
+    def comment_token
+      return false unless comment = @chunk[COMMENT, 1]
+      @line += comment.scan(MULTILINER).length
+      token(:COMMENT, comment.gsub(COMMENT_CLEANER, '').split(MULTILINER))
+      token("\n", "\n")
+      @i += comment.length
+    end
+
+    # Record tokens for indentation differing from the previous line.
+    def indent_token
+      return false unless indent = @chunk[MULTI_DENT, 1]
+      @line += indent.scan(MULTILINER).size
+      @i += indent.size
+      next_character = @chunk[MULTI_DENT, 4]
+      no_newlines = next_character == '.' || (last_value.to_s.match(NO_NEWLINE) && last_value != "=>")
+      return suppress_newlines(indent) if no_newlines
+      size = indent.scan(LAST_DENT).last.last.length
+      return newline_token(indent) if size == @indent
+      if size > @indent
+        token(:INDENT, size - @indent)
+        @indents << (size - @indent)
+      else
+        outdent_token(@indent - size)
+      end
+      @indent = size
+    end
+
+    # Record an oudent token or tokens, if we're moving back inwards past
+    # multiple recorded indents.
+    def outdent_token(move_out)
+      while move_out > 0 && !@indents.empty?
+        last_indent = @indents.pop
+        token(:OUTDENT, last_indent)
+        move_out -= last_indent
+      end
+      token("\n", "\n")
+    end
+
+    # Matches and consumes non-meaningful whitespace.
+    def whitespace_token
+      return false unless whitespace = @chunk[WHITESPACE, 1]
+      @i += whitespace.length
+    end
+
+    # Multiple newlines get merged together.
+    # Use a trailing \ to escape newlines.
+    def newline_token(newlines)
+      token("\n", "\n") unless last_value == "\n"
+      true
+    end
+
+    # Tokens to explicitly escape newlines are removed once their job is done.
+    def suppress_newlines(newlines)
+      @tokens.pop if last_value == "\\"
+      true
+    end
+
+    # We treat all other single characters as a token. Eg.: ( ) , . !
+    # Multi-character operators are also literal tokens, so that Racc can assign
+    # the proper order of operations.
+    def literal_token
+      value = @chunk[OPERATOR, 1]
+      tag_parameters if value && value.match(CODE)
+      value ||= @chunk[0,1]
+      tag = value.match(ASSIGNMENT) ? :ASSIGN : value
+      token(tag, value)
+      @i += value.length
+    end
+
+    # Helpers ==========================================================
+
+    # Add a token to the results, taking note of the line number, and
+    # immediately-preceding comment.
+    def token(tag, value)
+      @tokens << [tag, Value.new(value, @line)]
+    end
+
+    # Peek at the previous token's value.
+    def last_value
+      @tokens.last && @tokens.last[1]
+    end
+
+    # Peek at the previous token's tag.
+    def last_tag
+      @tokens.last && @tokens.last[0]
+    end
+
+    # A source of ambiguity in our grammar was parameter lists in function
+    # definitions (as opposed to argument lists in function calls). Tag
+    # parameter identifiers in order to avoid this. Also, parameter lists can
+    # make use of splats.
+    def tag_parameters
+      i = 0
+      loop do
+        i -= 1
+        tok = @tokens[i]
+        return if !tok
+        next if ['.', ','].include?(tok[0])
+        return if tok[0] != :IDENTIFIER
+        tok[0] = :PARAM
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Close up all remaining open blocks. IF the first token is an indent,
+    # axe it.
+    def close_indentation
+      outdent_token(@indent)
+    end
+
+  end
+end

lib/coffee_script/narwhal/coffee-script.coffee

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+# This (javascript) file is generated from lib/coffee_script/narwhal/coffee-script.coffee
+
+# Executes the `coffee` Ruby program to convert from CoffeeScript
+# to Javascript. Eventually this will hopefully happen entirely within JS.
+
+# Require external dependencies.
+OS:       require('os')
+File:     require('file')
+Readline: require('readline')
+
+# The path to the CoffeeScript Compiler.
+coffeePath: File.path(module.path).dirname().dirname().dirname().dirname().dirname().join('bin', 'coffee')
+
+# Our general-purpose error handler.
+checkForErrors: coffeeProcess =>
+  return true if coffeeProcess.wait() is 0
+  system.stderr.print(coffeeProcess.stderr.read())
+  throw new Error("CoffeeScript compile error")
+
+# Run a simple REPL, round-tripping to the CoffeeScript compiler for every
+# command.
+exports.run: args =>
+  if args.length
+    for path, i in args
+      exports.evalCS(File.read(path))
+      delete args[i]
+    return true
+
+  while true
+    try
+      system.stdout.write('coffee> ').flush()
+      result: exports.evalCS(Readline.readline(), ['--globals'])
+      print(result) if result isnt undefined
+    catch e
+      print(e)
+
+# Compile a given CoffeeScript file into JavaScript.
+exports.compileFile: path =>
+  coffee: OS.popen([coffeePath, "--print", "--no-wrap", path])
+  checkForErrors(coffee)
+  coffee.stdout.read()
+
+# Compile a string of CoffeeScript into JavaScript.
+exports.compile: source, flags =>
+  coffee: OS.popen([coffeePath, "--eval", "--no-wrap"].concat(flags or []))
+  coffee.stdin.write(source).flush().close()
+  checkForErrors(coffee)
+  coffee.stdout.read()
+
+# Evaluating a string of CoffeeScript first compiles it externally.
+exports.evalCS: source, flags =>
+  eval(exports.compile(source, flags))
+
+# Make a factory for the CoffeeScript environment.
+exports.makeNarwhalFactory: path =>
+  code: exports.compileFile(path)
+  factoryText: "function(require,exports,module,system,print){" + code + "/**/\n}"
+  if system.engine is "rhino"
+    Packages.org.mozilla.javascript.Context.getCurrentContext().compileFunction(global, factoryText, path, 0, null)
+  else
+    # eval requires parentheses, but parentheses break compileFunction.
+    eval("(" + factoryText + ")")

lib/coffee_script/narwhal/lib/coffee-script.js

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+(function(){
+  var File, OS, Readline, checkForErrors, coffeePath;
+  // This (javascript) file is generated from lib/coffee_script/narwhal/coffee-script.coffee
+  // Executes the `coffee` Ruby program to convert from CoffeeScript
+  // to Javascript. Eventually this will hopefully happen entirely within JS.
+  // Require external dependencies.
+  OS = require('os');
+  File = require('file');
+  Readline = require('readline');
+  // The path to the CoffeeScript Compiler.
+  coffeePath = File.path(module.path).dirname().dirname().dirname().dirname().dirname().join('bin', 'coffee');
+  // Our general-purpose error handler.
+  checkForErrors = function checkForErrors(coffeeProcess) {
+    if (coffeeProcess.wait() === 0) {
+      return true;
+    }
+    system.stderr.print(coffeeProcess.stderr.read());
+    throw new Error("CoffeeScript compile error");
+  };
+  // Run a simple REPL, round-tripping to the CoffeeScript compiler for every
+  // command.
+  exports.run = function run(args) {
+    var __a, i, path, result;
+    if (args.length) {
+      __a = args;
+      for (i=0; i<__a.length; i++) {
+        path = __a[i];
+        exports.evalCS(File.read(path));
+        delete args[i];
+      }
+      return true;
+    }
+    while (true) {
+      try {
+        system.stdout.write('coffee> ').flush();
+        result = exports.evalCS(Readline.readline(), ['--globals']);
+        if (result !== undefined) {
+          print(result);
+        }
+      } catch (e) {
+        print(e);
+      }
+    }
+    return null;
+  };
+  // Compile a given CoffeeScript file into JavaScript.
+  exports.compileFile = function compileFile(path) {
+    var coffee;
+    coffee = OS.popen([coffeePath, "--print", "--no-wrap", path]);
+    checkForErrors(coffee);
+    return coffee.stdout.read();
+  };
+  // Compile a string of CoffeeScript into JavaScript.
+  exports.compile = function compile(source, flags) {
+    var coffee;
+    coffee = OS.popen([coffeePath, "--eval", "--no-wrap"].concat(flags || []));
+    coffee.stdin.write(source).flush().close();
+    checkForErrors(coffee);
+    return coffee.stdout.read();
+  };
+  // Evaluating a string of CoffeeScript first compiles it externally.
+  exports.evalCS = function evalCS(source, flags) {
+    return eval(exports.compile(source, flags));
+  };
+  // Make a factory for the CoffeeScript environment.
+  exports.makeNarwhalFactory = function makeNarwhalFactory(path) {
+    var code, factoryText;
+    code = exports.compileFile(path);
+    factoryText = "function(require,exports,module,system,print){" + code + "/**/\n}";
+    if (system.engine === "rhino") {
+      return Packages.org.mozilla.javascript.Context.getCurrentContext().compileFunction(global, factoryText, path, 0, null);
+    } else {
+      // eval requires parentheses, but parentheses break compileFunction.
+      return eval("(" + factoryText + ")");
+    }
+  };
+})();

lib/coffee_script/narwhal/lib/coffee-script/loader.js

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+(function(){
+  var coffeescript, factories, loader;
+  // This (javascript) file is generated from lib/coffee_script/narwhal/loader.coffee
+  coffeescript = null;
+  factories = {
+  };
+  loader = {
+    // Reload the coffee-script environment from source.
+    reload: function reload(topId, path) {
+      coffeescript = coffeescript || require('coffee-script');
+      return factories[topId] = function() {
+        return coffeescript.makeNarwhalFactory(path);
+      };
+    },
+    // Ensure that the coffee-script environment is loaded.
+    load: function load(topId, path) {
+      return factories[topId] = factories[topId] || this.reload(topId, path);
+    }
+  };
+  require.loader.loaders.unshift([".coffee", loader]);
+})();

lib/coffee_script/narwhal/loader.coffee

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# This (javascript) file is generated from lib/coffee_script/narwhal/loader.coffee
+
+coffeescript: null
+factories: {}
+
+loader: {
+
+  # Reload the coffee-script environment from source.
+  reload: topId, path =>
+    coffeescript ||= require('coffee-script')
+    factories[topId]: => coffeescript.makeNarwhalFactory(path)
+
+  # Ensure that the coffee-script environment is loaded.
+  load: topId, path =>
+    factories[topId] ||= this.reload(topId, path)
+
+}
+
+require.loader.loaders.unshift([".coffee", loader])

lib/coffee_script/nodes.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,895 @@
+module CoffeeScript
+
+  # The abstract base class for all CoffeeScript nodes.
+  # All nodes are implement a "compile_node" method, which performs the
+  # code generation for that node. To compile a node, call the "compile"
+  # method, which wraps "compile_node" in some extra smarts, to know when the
+  # generated code should be wrapped up in a closure. An options hash is passed
+  # and cloned throughout, containing messages from higher in the AST,
+  # information about the current scope, and indentation level.
+  class Node
+    # Tabs are two spaces for pretty-printing.
+    TAB = '  '
+
+    # Tag this node as a statement, meaning that it can't be used directly as
+    # the result of an expression.
+    def self.statement
+      class_eval "def statement?; true; end"
+    end
+
+    # Tag this node as a statement that cannot be transformed into an expression.
+    # (break, continue, etc.) It doesn't make sense to try to transform it.
+    def self.statement_only
+      statement
+      class_eval "def statement_only?; true; end"
+    end
+
+    def write(code)
+      puts "#{self.class.to_s}:\n#{@options.inspect}\n#{code}\n\n" if ENV['VERBOSE']
+      code
+    end
+
+    # This is extremely important -- we convert JS statements into expressions
+    # by wrapping them in a closure, only if it's possible, and we're not at
+    # the top level of a block (which would be unnecessary), and we haven't
+    # already been asked to return the result.
+    def compile(o={})
+      @options = o.dup
+      @indent  = o[:indent]
+      top = self.is_a?(ForNode) ? @options[:top] : @options.delete(:top)
+      closure = statement? && !statement_only? && !top && !@options[:return]
+      closure ? compile_closure(@options) : compile_node(@options)
+    end
+
+    def compile_closure(o={})
+      indent = o[:indent]
+      @indent = (o[:indent] = idt(1))
+      "(function() {\n#{compile_node(o.merge(:return => true))}\n#{indent}})()"
+    end
+
+    # Quick short method for the current indentation level, plus tabbing in.
+    def idt(tabs=0)
+      @indent + (TAB * tabs)
+    end
+
+    # Default implementations of the common node methods.
+    def unwrap;           self;   end
+    def statement?;       false;  end
+    def statement_only?;  false;  end
+  end
+
+  # A collection of nodes, each one representing an expression.
+  class Expressions < Node
+    statement
+    attr_reader :expressions
+
+    TRAILING_WHITESPACE = /\s+$/
+    UPPERCASE           = /[A-Z]/
+
+    # Wrap up a node as an Expressions, unless it already is.
+    def self.wrap(*nodes)
+      return nodes[0] if nodes.length == 1 && nodes[0].is_a?(Expressions)
+      Expressions.new(*nodes)
+    end
+
+    def initialize(*nodes)
+      @expressions = nodes.flatten
+    end
+
+    # Tack an expression on to the end of this expression list.
+    def <<(node)
+      @expressions << node
+      self
+    end
+
+    # Tack an expression on to the beginning of this expression list.
+    def unshift(node)
+      @expressions.unshift(node)
+      self
+    end
+
+    # If this Expressions consists of a single node, pull it back out.
+    def unwrap
+      @expressions.length == 1 ? @expressions.first : self
+    end
+
+    # Is the node last in this block of expressions.
+    def last?(node)
+      @last_index ||= @expressions.last.is_a?(CommentNode) ? -2 : -1
+      node == @expressions[@last_index]
+    end
+
+    # Determine if this is the expressions body within a constructor function.
+    # Constructors are capitalized by CoffeeScript convention.
+    def constructor?(o)
+      o[:top] && o[:last_assign] && o[:last_assign][0..0][UPPERCASE]
+    end
+
+    def compile(o={})
+      o[:scope] ? super(o) : compile_root(o)
+    end
+
+    # Compile each expression in the Expressions body.
+    def compile_node(options={})
+      write(@expressions.map {|n| compile_expression(n, options.dup) }.join("\n"))
+    end
+
+    # If this is the top-level Expressions, wrap everything in a safety closure.
+    def compile_root(o={})
+      indent = o[:no_wrap] ? '' : TAB
+      @indent = indent
+      o.merge!(:indent => indent, :scope => Scope.new(nil, self))
+      code = o[:globals] ? compile_node(o) : compile_with_declarations(o)
+      code.gsub!(TRAILING_WHITESPACE, '')
+      write(o[:no_wrap] ? code : "(function(){\n#{code}\n})();")
+    end
+
+    # Compile the expressions body, with declarations of all inner variables
+    # at the top.
+    def compile_with_declarations(o={})
+      code  = compile_node(o)
+      return code unless o[:scope].declarations?(self)
+      write("#{idt}var #{o[:scope].declared_variables.join(', ')};\n#{code}")
+    end
+
+    # Compiles a single expression within the expression list.
+    def compile_expression(node, o)
+      @indent = o[:indent]
+      stmt    = node.statement?
+      # We need to return the result if this is the last node in the expressions body.
+      returns = o.delete(:return) && last?(node) && !node.statement_only?
+      # Return the regular compile of the node, unless we need to return the result.
+      return "#{stmt ? '' : idt}#{node.compile(o.merge(:top => true))}#{stmt ? '' : ';'}" unless returns
+      # If it's a statement, the node knows how to return itself.
+      return node.compile(o.merge(:return => true)) if node.statement?
+      # If it's not part of a constructor, we can just return the value of the expression.
+      return "#{idt}return #{node.compile(o)};" unless constructor?(o)
+      # It's the last line of a constructor, add a safety check.
+      temp = o[:scope].free_variable
+      "#{idt}#{temp} = #{node.compile(o)};\n#{idt}return #{o[:last_assign]} === this.constructor ? this : #{temp};"
+    end
+
+  end
+
+  # Literals are static values that have a Ruby representation, eg.: a string, a number,
+  # true, false, nil, etc.
+  class LiteralNode < Node
+
+    # Values of a literal node that much be treated as a statement -- no
+    # sense returning or assigning them.
+    STATEMENTS = ['break', 'continue']
+
+    # If we get handed a literal reference to an arguments object, convert
+    # it to an array.
+    ARG_ARRAY  = 'Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 0)'
+
+    attr_reader :value
+
+    # Wrap up a compiler-generated string as a LiteralNode.
+    def self.wrap(string)
+      self.new(Value.new(string))
+    end
+
+    def initialize(value)
+      @value = value
+    end
+
+    def statement?
+      STATEMENTS.include?(@value.to_s)
+    end
+    alias_method :statement_only?, :statement?
+
+    def compile_node(o)
+      @value = ARG_ARRAY if @value.to_s.to_sym == :arguments
+      indent = statement? ? idt : ''
+      ending = statement? ? ';' : ''
+      write "#{indent}#{@value}#{ending}"
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Return an expression, or wrap it in a closure and return it.
+  class ReturnNode < Node
+    statement_only
+
+    attr_reader :expression
+
+    def initialize(expression)
+      @expression = expression
+    end
+
+    def compile_node(o)
+      return write(@expression.compile(o.merge(:return => true))) if @expression.statement?
+      compiled = @expression.compile(o)
+      write(@expression.statement? ? "#{compiled}\n#{idt}return null;" : "#{idt}return #{compiled};")
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Pass through CoffeeScript comments into JavaScript comments at the
+  # same position.
+  class CommentNode < Node
+    statement_only
+
+    def initialize(lines)
+      @lines = lines.value
+    end
+
+    def compile_node(o={})
+      delimiter = "\n#{idt}//"
+      write("#{delimiter}#{@lines.join(delimiter)}")
+    end
+
+  end
+
+  # Node for a function invocation. Takes care of converting super() calls into
+  # calls against the prototype's function of the same name.
+  class CallNode < Node
+    attr_reader :variable, :arguments
+
+    def initialize(variable, arguments=[])
+      @variable, @arguments = variable, arguments
+    end
+
+    def new_instance
+      @new = true
+      self
+    end
+
+    def super?
+      @variable == :super
+    end
+
+    def prefix
+      @new ? "new " : ''
+    end
+
+    def splat?
+      @arguments.any? {|a| a.is_a?(ArgSplatNode) }
+    end
+
+    def <<(argument)
+      @arguments << argument
+    end
+
+    # Compile a vanilla function call.
+    def compile_node(o)
+      return write(compile_splat(o)) if splat?
+      args = @arguments.map{|a| a.compile(o) }.join(', ')
+      return write(compile_super(args, o)) if super?
+      write("#{prefix}#{@variable.compile(o)}(#{args})")
+    end
+
+    # Compile a call against the superclass's implementation of the current function.
+    def compile_super(args, o)
+      methname = o[:last_assign]
+      arg_part = args.empty? ? '' : ", #{args}"
+      meth     = o[:proto_assign] ? "#{o[:proto_assign]}.__superClass__.#{methname}" :
+                                    "#{methname}.__superClass__.constructor"
+      "#{meth}.call(this#{arg_part})"
+    end
+
+    # Compile a function call being passed variable arguments.
+    def compile_splat(o)
+      meth = @variable.compile(o)
+      obj  = @variable.source || 'this'
+      args = @arguments.map do |arg|
+        code = arg.compile(o)
+        code = arg.is_a?(ArgSplatNode) ? code : "[#{code}]"
+        arg.equal?(@arguments.first) ? code : ".concat(#{code})"
+      end
+      "#{prefix}#{meth}.apply(#{obj}, #{args.join('')})"
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Node to extend an object's prototype with an ancestor object.
+  # After goog.inherits from the Closure Library.
+  class ExtendsNode < Node
+    statement
+    attr_reader :sub_object, :super_object
+
+    def initialize(sub_object, super_object)
+      @sub_object, @super_object = sub_object, super_object
+    end
+
+    # Hooking one constructor into another's prototype chain.
+    def compile_node(o={})
+      constructor = o[:scope].free_variable
+      sub, sup = @sub_object.compile(o), @super_object.compile(o)
+      "#{idt}#{constructor} = function(){};\n#{idt}" +
+      "#{constructor}.prototype = #{sup}.prototype;\n#{idt}" +
+      "#{sub}.__superClass__ = #{sup}.prototype;\n#{idt}" +
+      "#{sub}.prototype = new #{constructor}();\n#{idt}" +
+      "#{sub}.prototype.constructor = #{sub};"
+    end
+
+  end
+
+  # A value, indexed or dotted into, or vanilla.
+  class ValueNode < Node
+    attr_reader :base, :properties, :last, :source
+
+    def initialize(base, properties=[])
+      @base, @properties = base, properties
+    end
+
+    def <<(other)
+      @properties << other
+      self
+    end
+
+    def properties?
+      return !@properties.empty?
+    end
+
+    def array?
+      @base.is_a?(ArrayNode) && !properties?
+    end
+
+    def object?
+      @base.is_a?(ObjectNode) && !properties?
+    end
+
+    def splice?
+      properties? && @properties.last.is_a?(SliceNode)
+    end
+
+    # Values are statements if their base is a statement.
+    def statement?
+      @base.is_a?(Node) && @base.statement? && !properties?
+    end
+
+    def compile_node(o)
+      only  = o.delete(:only_first)
+      props = only ? @properties[0...-1] : @properties
+      parts = [@base, props].flatten.map {|val| val.compile(o) }
+      @last = parts.last
+      @source = parts.length > 1 ? parts[0...-1].join('') : nil
+      write(parts.join(''))
+    end
+  end
+
+  # A dotted accessor into a part of a value, or the :: shorthand for
+  # an accessor into the object's prototype.
+  class AccessorNode < Node
+    attr_reader :name
+
+    def initialize(name, prototype=false)
+      @name, @prototype = name, prototype
+    end
+
+    def compile_node(o)
+      proto = @prototype ? "prototype." : ''
+      write(".#{proto}#{@name}")
+    end
+  end
+
+  # An indexed accessor into a part of an array or object.
+  class IndexNode < Node
+    attr_reader :index
+
+    def initialize(index)
+      @index = index
+    end
+
+    def compile_node(o)
+      write("[#{@index.compile(o)}]")
+    end
+  end
+
+  # A range literal. Ranges can be used to extract portions (slices) of arrays,
+  # or to specify a range for array comprehensions.
+  class RangeNode < Node
+    attr_reader :from, :to
+
+    def initialize(from, to, exclusive=false)
+      @from, @to, @exclusive = from, to, exclusive
+    end
+
+    def exclusive?
+      @exclusive
+    end
+
+    def compile_variables(o)
+      @indent = o[:indent]
+      @from_var, @to_var = o[:scope].free_variable, o[:scope].free_variable
+      from_val,  to_val  = @from.compile(o), @to.compile(o)
+      write("#{@from_var} = #{from_val}; #{@to_var} = #{to_val};\n#{idt}")
+    end
+
+    def compile_node(o)
+      return compile_array(o) unless o[:index]
+      idx, step = o.delete(:index), o.delete(:step)
+      vars      = "#{idx}=#{@from_var}"
+      step      = step ? step.compile(o) : '1'
+      equals    = @exclusive ? '' : '='
+      compare   = "(#{@from_var} <= #{@to_var} ? #{idx} <#{equals} #{@to_var} : #{idx} >#{equals} #{@to_var})"
+      incr      = "(#{@from_var} <= #{@to_var} ? #{idx} += #{step} : #{idx} -= #{step})"
+      write("#{vars}; #{compare}; #{incr}")
+    end
+
+    # Expand the range into the equivalent array, if it's not being used as
+    # part of a comprehension, slice, or splice.
+    # TODO: This generates pretty ugly code ... shrink it.
+    def compile_array(o)
+      body = Expressions.wrap(LiteralNode.wrap('i'))
+      arr  = Expressions.wrap(ForNode.new(body, {:source => ValueNode.new(self)}, Value.new('i')))
+      ParentheticalNode.new(CallNode.new(CodeNode.new([], arr))).compile(o)
+    end
+
+  end
+
+  # An array slice literal. Unlike JavaScript's Array#slice, the second parameter
+  # specifies the index of the end of the slice (just like the first parameter)
+  # is the index of the beginning.
+  class SliceNode < Node
+    attr_reader :range
+
+    def initialize(range)
+      @range = range
+    end
+
+    def compile_node(o)
+      from      = @range.from.compile(o)
+      to        = @range.to.compile(o)
+      plus_part = @range.exclusive? ? '' : ' + 1'
+      write(".slice(#{from}, #{to}#{plus_part})")
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Setting the value of a local variable, or the value of an object property.
+  class AssignNode < Node
+    PROTO_ASSIGN = /\A(\S+)\.prototype/
+    LEADING_DOT = /\A\.(prototype\.)?/
+
+    attr_reader :variable, :value, :context
+
+    def initialize(variable, value, context=nil)
+      @variable, @value, @context = variable, value, context
+    end
+
+    def compile_node(o)
+      return compile_pattern_match(o) if @variable.array? || @variable.object?
+      return compile_splice(o) if @variable.splice?
+      stmt      = o.delete(:as_statement)
+      name      = @variable.compile(o)
+      last      = @variable.last.to_s.sub(LEADING_DOT, '')
+      proto     = name[PROTO_ASSIGN, 1]
+      o         = o.merge(:last_assign => last, :proto_assign => proto)
+      o[:immediate_assign] = last if @value.is_a?(CodeNode) && last.match(Lexer::IDENTIFIER)
+      return write("#{name}: #{@value.compile(o)}") if @context == :object
+      o[:scope].find(name) unless @variable.properties?
+      val = "#{name} = #{@value.compile(o)}"
+      return write("#{idt}#{val};") if stmt
+      write(o[:return] ? "#{idt}return (#{val})" : val)
+    end
+
+    def statement?
+      @variable.array? || @variable.object?
+    end
+
+    # Implementation of recursive pattern matching, when assigning array or
+    # object literals to a value. Peeks at their properties to assign inner names.
+    # See: http://wiki.ecmascript.org/doku.php?id=harmony:destructuring
+    def compile_pattern_match(o)
+      val_var = o[:scope].free_variable
+      assigns = ["#{idt}#{val_var} = #{@value.compile(o)};"]
+      o.merge!(:top => true, :as_statement => true)
+      @variable.base.objects.each_with_index do |obj, i|
+        obj, i = obj.value, obj.variable.base if @variable.object?
+        access_class = @variable.array? ? IndexNode : AccessorNode
+        assigns << AssignNode.new(
+          obj, ValueNode.new(Value.new(val_var), [access_class.new(Value.new(i.to_s))])
+        ).compile(o)
+      end
+      write(assigns.join("\n"))
+    end
+
+    def compile_splice(o)
+      var   = @variable.compile(o.merge(:only_first => true))
+      range = @variable.properties.last.range
+      plus  = range.exclusive? ? '' : ' + 1'
+      from  = range.from.compile(o)
+      to    = "#{range.to.compile(o)} - #{from}#{plus}"
+      write("#{var}.splice.apply(#{var}, [#{from}, #{to}].concat(#{@value.compile(o)}))")
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Simple Arithmetic and logical operations. Performs some conversion from
+  # CoffeeScript operations into their JavaScript equivalents.
+  class OpNode < Node
+    CONVERSIONS = {
+      :==     => "===",
+      :'!='   => "!==",
+      :and    => '&&',
+      :or     => '||',
+      :is     => '===',
+      :isnt   => "!==",
+      :not    => '!'
+    }
+    CONDITIONALS     = [:'||=', :'&&=']
+    PREFIX_OPERATORS = [:typeof, :delete]
+
+    attr_reader :operator, :first, :second
+
+    def initialize(operator, first, second=nil, flip=false)
+      @first, @second, @flip = first, second, flip
+      @operator = CONVERSIONS[operator.to_sym] || operator
+    end
+
+    def unary?
+      @second.nil?
+    end
+
+    def compile_node(o)
+      return write(compile_conditional(o)) if CONDITIONALS.include?(@operator.to_sym)
+      return write(compile_unary(o)) if unary?
+      write("#{@first.compile(o)} #{@operator} #{@second.compile(o)}")
+    end
+
+    def compile_conditional(o)
+      first, second = @first.compile(o), @second.compile(o)
+      sym = @operator[0..1]
+      "#{first} = #{first} #{sym} #{second}"
+    end
+
+    def compile_unary(o)
+      space = PREFIX_OPERATORS.include?(@operator.to_sym) ? ' ' : ''
+      parts = [@operator.to_s, space, @first.compile(o)]
+      parts.reverse! if @flip
+      parts.join('')
+    end
+  end
+
+  # A function definition. The only node that creates a new Scope.
+  class CodeNode < Node
+    attr_reader :params, :body
+
+    def initialize(params, body)
+      @params = params
+      @body = body
+    end
+
+    def compile_node(o)
+      shared_scope = o.delete(:shared_scope)
+      o[:scope]    = shared_scope || Scope.new(o[:scope], @body)
+      o[:return]   = true
+      o[:top]      = true
+      o[:indent]   = idt(1)
+      o.delete(:no_wrap)
+      o.delete(:globals)
+      name = o.delete(:immediate_assign)
+      if @params.last.is_a?(ParamSplatNode)
+        splat = @params.pop
+        splat.index = @params.length
+        @body.unshift(splat)
+      end
+      @params.each {|id| o[:scope].parameter(id.to_s) }
+      code = @body.compile_with_declarations(o)
+      name_part = name ? " #{name}" : ''
+      write("function#{name_part}(#{@params.join(', ')}) {\n#{code}\n#{idt}}")
+    end
+  end
+
+  # A parameter splat in a function definition.
+  class ParamSplatNode < Node
+    attr_accessor :index
+    attr_reader :name
+
+    def initialize(name)
+      @name = name
+    end
+
+    def compile_node(o={})
+      o[:scope].find(@name)
+      write("#{@name} = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, #{@index})")
+    end
+  end
+
+  class ArgSplatNode < Node
+    attr_reader :value
+
+    def initialize(value)
+      @value = value
+    end
+
+    def compile_node(o={})
+      write(@value.compile(o))
+    end
+
+  end
+
+  # An object literal.
+  class ObjectNode < Node
+    attr_reader :properties
+    alias_method :objects, :properties
+
+    def initialize(properties = [])
+      @properties = properties
+    end
+
+    # All the mucking about with commas is to make sure that CommentNodes and
+    # AssignNodes get interleaved correctly, with no trailing commas or
+    # commas affixed to comments. TODO: Extract this and add it to ArrayNode.
+    def compile_node(o)
+      o[:indent] = idt(1)
+      joins = Hash.new("\n")
+      non_comments = @properties.select {|p| !p.is_a?(CommentNode) }
+      non_comments.each {|p| joins[p] = p == non_comments.last ? "\n" : ",\n" }
+      props  = @properties.map { |prop|
+        join = joins[prop]
+        join = '' if prop == @properties.last
+        indent = prop.is_a?(CommentNode) ? '' : idt(1)
+        "#{indent}#{prop.compile(o)}#{join}"
+      }.join('')
+      write("{\n#{props}\n#{idt}}")
+    end
+  end
+
+  # An array literal.
+  class ArrayNode < Node
+    attr_reader :objects
+
+    def initialize(objects=[])
+      @objects = objects
+    end
+
+    def compile_node(o)
+      o[:indent] = idt(1)
+      objects = @objects.map { |obj|
+        code = obj.compile(o)
+        obj.is_a?(CommentNode) ? "\n#{code}\n#{o[:indent]}" :
+        obj == @objects.last   ? code : "#{code}, "
+      }.join('')
+      ending = objects.include?("\n") ? "\n#{idt}]" : ']'
+      write("[#{objects}#{ending}")
+    end
+  end
+
+  # A while loop, the only sort of low-level loop exposed by CoffeeScript. From
+  # it, all other loops can be manufactured.
+  class WhileNode < Node
+    statement
+
+    attr_reader :condition, :body
+
+    def initialize(condition, body)
+      @condition, @body = condition, body
+    end
+
+    def compile_node(o)
+      returns     = o.delete(:return)
+      o[:indent]  = idt(1)
+      o[:top]     = true
+      cond        = @condition.compile(o)
+      post        = returns ? "\n#{idt}return null;" : ''
+      return write("#{idt}while (#{cond}) null;#{post}") if @body.nil?
+      write("#{idt}while (#{cond}) {\n#{@body.compile(o)}\n#{idt}}#{post}")
+    end
+  end
+
+  # The replacement for the for loop is an array comprehension (that compiles)
+  # into a for loop. Also acts as an expression, able to return the result
+  # of the comprehenion. Unlike Python array comprehensions, it's able to pass
+  # the current index of the loop as a second parameter.
+  class ForNode < Node
+    statement
+
+    attr_reader :body, :source, :name, :index, :filter, :step
+
+    def initialize(body, source, name, index=nil)
+      @body, @name, @index = body, name, index
+      @source = source[:source]
+      @filter = source[:filter]
+      @step   = source[:step]
+      @object = !!source[:object]
+      @name, @index = @index, @name if @object
+    end
+
+    def compile_node(o)
+      top_level     = o.delete(:top) && !o[:return]
+      range         = @source.is_a?(ValueNode) && @source.base.is_a?(RangeNode) && @source.properties.empty?
+      source        = range ? @source.base : @source
+      scope         = o[:scope]
+      name_found    = @name  && scope.find(@name)
+      index_found   = @index && scope.find(@index)
+      body_dent     = idt(1)
+      rvar          = scope.free_variable unless top_level
+      svar          = scope.free_variable
+      ivar          = range ? name : @index ? @index : scope.free_variable
+      if range
+        index_var   = scope.free_variable
+        source_part = source.compile_variables(o)
+        for_part    = "#{index_var}=0, #{source.compile(o.merge(:index => ivar, :step => @step))}, #{index_var}++"
+        var_part    = ''
+      else
+        index_var   = nil
+        source_part = "#{svar} = #{source.compile(o)};\n#{idt}"
+        for_part    = @object ? "#{ivar} in #{svar}" : "#{ivar}=0; #{ivar}<#{svar}.length; #{ivar}++"
+        var_part    = @name ? "#{body_dent}#{@name} = #{svar}[#{ivar}];\n" : ''
+      end
+      body          = @body
+      set_result    = rvar ? "#{idt}#{rvar} = []; " : idt
+      return_result = rvar || ''
+      if top_level
+        body = Expressions.wrap(body)
+      else
+        body = Expressions.wrap(CallNode.new(
+          ValueNode.new(LiteralNode.new(rvar), [AccessorNode.new('push')]), [body.unwrap]
+        ))
+      end
+      if o[:return]
+        return_result = "return #{return_result}" if o[:return]
+        o.delete(:return)
+        body = IfNode.new(@filter, body, nil, :statement => true) if @filter
+      elsif @filter
+        body = Expressions.wrap(IfNode.new(@filter, body))
+      end
+      if @object
+        body = Expressions.wrap(IfNode.new(
+          CallNode.new(ValueNode.new(LiteralNode.wrap(svar), [AccessorNode.new(Value.new('hasOwnProperty'))]), [LiteralNode.wrap(ivar)]),
+          Expressions.wrap(body),
+          nil,
+          {:statement => true}
+        ))
+      end
+
+      return_result = "\n#{idt}#{return_result};" unless top_level
+      body = body.compile(o.merge(:indent => body_dent, :top => true))
+      vars = range ? @name : "#{@name}, #{ivar}"
+      return write(set_result + source_part + "for (#{for_part}) {\n#{var_part}#{body}\n#{idt}}\n#{idt}#{return_result}")
+    end
+  end
+
+  # A try/catch/finally block.
+  class TryNode < Node
+    statement
+
+    attr_reader :try, :error, :recovery, :finally
+
+    def initialize(try, error, recovery, finally=nil)
+      @try, @error, @recovery, @finally = try, error, recovery, finally
+    end
+
+    def compile_node(o)
+      o[:indent] = idt(1)
+      o[:top] = true
+      error_part = @error ? " (#{@error}) " : ' '
+      catch_part = @recovery &&  " catch#{error_part}{\n#{@recovery.compile(o)}\n#{idt}}"
+      finally_part = @finally && " finally {\n#{@finally.compile(o.merge(:return => nil))}\n#{idt}}"
+      write("#{idt}try {\n#{@try.compile(o)}\n#{idt}}#{catch_part}#{finally_part}")
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Throw an exception.
+  class ThrowNode < Node
+    statement_only
+
+    attr_reader :expression
+
+    def initialize(expression)
+      @expression = expression
+    end
+
+    def compile_node(o)
+      write("#{idt}throw #{@expression.compile(o)};")
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Check an expression for existence (meaning not null or undefined).
+  class ExistenceNode < Node
+    attr_reader :expression
+
+    def initialize(expression)
+      @expression = expression
+    end
+
+    def compile_node(o)
+      val = @expression.compile(o)
+      write("(typeof #{val} !== \"undefined\" && #{val} !== null)")
+    end
+  end
+
+  # An extra set of parentheses, supplied by the script source.
+  # You can't wrap parentheses around bits that get compiled into JS statements,
+  # unfortunately.
+  class ParentheticalNode < Node
+    attr_reader :expressions
+
+    def initialize(expressions, line=nil)
+      @expressions = expressions.unwrap
+      @line = line
+    end
+
+    def compile_node(o)
+      compiled = @expressions.compile(o)
+      compiled = compiled[0...-1] if compiled[-1..-1] == ';'
+      write("(#{compiled})")
+    end
+  end
+
+  # If/else statements. Switch/whens get compiled into these. Acts as an
+  # expression by pushing down requested returns to the expression bodies.
+  # Single-expression IfNodes are compiled into ternary operators if possible,
+  # because ternaries are first-class returnable assignable expressions.
+  class IfNode < Node
+    attr_reader :condition, :body, :else_body
+
+    def initialize(condition, body, else_body=nil, tags={})
+      @condition = condition
+      @body      = body && body.unwrap
+      @else_body = else_body && else_body.unwrap
+      @tags      = tags
+      @condition = OpNode.new("!", ParentheticalNode.new(@condition)) if @tags[:invert]
+    end
+
+    def <<(else_body)
+      eb = else_body.unwrap
+      @else_body ? @else_body << eb : @else_body = eb
+      self
+    end
+
+    def add_comment(comment)
+      @comment = comment
+      self
+    end
+
+    def force_statement
+      @tags[:statement] = true
+      self
+    end
+
+    # Rewrite a chain of IfNodes with their switch condition for equality.
+    def rewrite_condition(expression)
+      @condition = OpNode.new("is", expression, @condition)
+      @else_body.rewrite_condition(expression) if chain?
+      self
+    end
+
+    # Rewrite a chain of IfNodes to add a default case as the final else.
+    def add_else(exprs)
+      chain? ? @else_body.add_else(exprs) : @else_body = (exprs && exprs.unwrap)
+      self
+    end
+
+    # If the else_body is an IfNode itself, then we've got an if-else chain.
+    def chain?
+      @chain ||= @else_body && @else_body.is_a?(IfNode)
+    end
+
+    # The IfNode only compiles into a statement if either of the bodies needs
+    # to be a statement.
+    def statement?
+      @is_statement ||= !!(@comment || @tags[:statement] || @body.statement? || (@else_body && @else_body.statement?))
+    end
+
+    def compile_node(o)
+      write(statement? ? compile_statement(o) : compile_ternary(o))
+    end
+
+    # Compile the IfNode as a regular if-else statement. Flattened chains
+    # force sub-else bodies into statement form.
+    def compile_statement(o)
+      child       = o.delete(:chain_child)
+      cond_o      = o.dup
+      cond_o.delete(:return)
+      o[:indent]  = idt(1)
+      o[:top]     = true
+      if_dent     = child ? '' : idt
+      com_dent    = child ? idt : ''
+      prefix      = @comment ? @comment.compile(cond_o) + "\n#{com_dent}" : ''
+      if_part     = "#{prefix}#{if_dent}if (#{@condition.compile(cond_o)}) {\n#{Expressions.wrap(@body).compile(o)}\n#{idt}}"
+      return if_part unless @else_body
+      else_part = chain? ?
+        " else #{@else_body.compile(o.merge(:indent => idt, :chain_child => true))}" :
+        " else {\n#{Expressions.wrap(@else_body).compile(o)}\n#{idt}}"
+      if_part + else_part
+    end
+
+    # Compile the IfNode into a ternary operator.
+    def compile_ternary(o)
+      if_part   = "#{@condition.compile(o)} ? #{@body.compile(o)}"
+      else_part = @else_body ? "#{@else_body.compile(o)}" : 'null'
+      "#{if_part} : #{else_part}"
+    end
+  end
+
+end

lib/coffee_script/parse_error.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+module CoffeeScript
+
+  # Racc will raise this Exception whenever a syntax error occurs. The main
+  # benefit over the Racc::ParseError is that the CoffeeScript::ParseError is
+  # line-number aware.
+  class ParseError < Racc::ParseError
+
+    def initialize(token_id, value, stack)
+      @token_id, @value, @stack = token_id, value, stack
+    end
+
+    def message
+      line      = @value.respond_to?(:line) ? @value.line : "END"
+      line_part = "line #{line}:"
+      id_part   = @token_id != @value.inspect ? ", unexpected #{@token_id.to_s.downcase}" : ""
+      val_part  = ['INDENT', 'OUTDENT'].include?(@token_id) ? '' : " for '#{@value.to_s}'"
+      "#{line_part} syntax error#{val_part}#{id_part}"
+    end
+    alias_method :inspect, :message
+
+  end
+
+end