build: move set chromium cookie before build tools step (#46098)

build: move set cookie before build tools

Co-authored-by: trop[bot] <37223003+trop[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: alice <alice@makenotion.com>

.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ Contributors guide: https://github.com/electron/electron/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.
 - [ ] PR description included and stakeholders cc'd
 - [ ] `npm test` passes
 - [ ] tests are [changed or added](https://github.com/electron/electron/blob/main/docs/development/testing.md)
-- [ ] relevant documentation, tutorials, templates and examples are changed or added
+- [ ] relevant API documentation, tutorials, and examples are updated and follow the [documentation style guide](https://github.com/electron/electron/blob/main/docs/development/style-guide.md)
 - [ ] [PR release notes](https://github.com/electron/clerk/blob/main/README.md) describe the change in a way relevant to app developers, and are [capitalized, punctuated, and past tense](https://github.com/electron/clerk/blob/main/README.md#examples).
 
 #### Release Notes

.github/actions/build-electron/action.yml

@@ -108,7 +108,9 @@ runs:
         if [ "${{ inputs.target-platform }}" = "win" ]; then
           cd out/Default
           powershell Compress-Archive -update mksnapshot_args mksnapshot.zip
-          powershell Compress-Archive -update gen/v8/embedded.S mksnapshot.zip
+          powershell mkdir mktmp\\gen\\v8
+          powershell Copy-Item gen\\v8\\embedded.S mktmp\\gen\\v8
+          powershell Compress-Archive -update -Path mktmp\\gen mksnapshot.zip
         else
           (cd out/Default; zip mksnapshot.zip mksnapshot_args gen/v8/embedded.S)
         fi
@@ -143,6 +145,25 @@ runs:
       run: |
         cd src
         e build --target electron:node_headers
+    - name: Create installed_software.json ${{ inputs.step-suffix }}
+      shell: powershell
+      if: ${{ inputs.is-release == 'true' && inputs.target-platform == 'win' }}
+      run: |
+        cd src
+        Get-CimInstance -Namespace root\cimv2 -Class Win32_product | Select vendor, description, @{l='install_location';e='InstallLocation'}, @{l='install_date';e='InstallDate'}, @{l='install_date_2';e='InstallDate2'}, caption, version, name, @{l='sku_number';e='SKUNumber'} | ConvertTo-Json | Out-File -Encoding utf8 -FilePath .\installed_software.json
+    - name: Profile Windows Toolchain ${{ inputs.step-suffix }}
+      shell: bash
+      if: ${{ inputs.is-release == 'true' && inputs.target-platform == 'win' }}
+      run: |
+        cd src
+        python3 electron/build/profile_toolchain.py --output-json=out/Default/windows_toolchain_profile.json
+    - name: Add msdia140.dll to Path ${{ inputs.step-suffix }}
+      shell: bash
+      if: ${{ inputs.is-release == 'true' && inputs.target-platform == 'win' }}
+      run: |
+        # Needed for msdia140.dll on 64-bit windows
+        cd src
+        export PATH="$PATH:$(pwd)/third_party/llvm-build/Release+Asserts/bin"
     - name: Generate & Zip Symbols ${{ inputs.step-suffix }}
       shell: bash
       run: |

.github/actions/checkout/action.yml

@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@ runs:
       echo "GIT_CACHE_PATH=$(pwd)/git-cache" >> $GITHUB_ENV
   - name: Install Dependencies
     uses: ./src/electron/.github/actions/install-dependencies
+  - name: Set Chromium Git Cookie
+    uses: ./src/electron/.github/actions/set-chromium-cookie
   - name: Install Build Tools
     uses: ./src/electron/.github/actions/install-build-tools
   - name: Get Depot Tools
@@ -73,10 +75,10 @@ runs:
     if: steps.check-cache.outputs.cache_exists == 'false' && inputs.use-cache  == 'true'
     shell: bash
     run: |    
-      # if there is less than 20 GB free space then creating the cache might fail so exit early
+      # if there is less than 35 GB free space then creating the cache might fail so exit early
       freespace=`df -m /mnt/cross-instance-cache | grep -w /mnt/cross-instance-cache | awk '{print $4}'`
       freespace_human=`df -h /mnt/cross-instance-cache | grep -w /mnt/cross-instance-cache | awk '{print $4}'`
-      if [ $freespace -le 20000 ]; then
+      if [ $freespace -le 35000 ]; then
         echo "The cross mount cache has $freespace_human free space which is not enough - exiting"
         exit 1
       else
@@ -97,7 +99,7 @@ runs:
       fi
 
       ELECTRON_USE_THREE_WAY_MERGE_FOR_PATCHES=1 e d gclient sync --with_branch_heads --with_tags -vv
-      if [ "${{ inputs.is-release }}" != "true" && -n "${{ env.PATCH_UP_APP_CREDS }}" ]; then
+      if [[ "${{ inputs.is-release }}" != "true" && -n "${{ env.PATCH_UP_APP_CREDS }}" ]]; then
         # Re-export all the patches to check if there were changes.
         python3 src/electron/script/export_all_patches.py src/electron/patches/config.json
         cd src/electron
@@ -126,6 +128,8 @@ runs:
             cat ../../patches/update-patches.patch
             exit 1
           fi
+        else
+          echo "No changes to patches detected"
         fi
       fi
 

.github/actions/install-build-tools/action.yml

@@ -16,5 +16,5 @@ runs:
       e auto-update disable
       if [ "$(expr substr $(uname -s) 1 10)" == "MSYS_NT-10" ]; then
         e d cipd.bat --version
-        cp "C:\Python37\python.exe" "C:\Python37\python3.exe"
+        cp "C:\Python311\python.exe" "C:\Python311\python3.exe"
       fi

.github/actions/set-chromium-cookie/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+name: 'Set Chromium Git Cookie'
+description: 'Sets an authenticated cookie from Chromium to allow for a higher request limit'
+runs:
+  using: "composite"
+  steps:
+  - name: Set the git cookie from chromium.googlesource.com (Unix)
+    if: ${{ runner.os != 'Windows' && env.CHROMIUM_GIT_COOKIE }}
+    shell: bash
+    run: |
+      eval 'set +o history' 2>/dev/null || setopt HIST_IGNORE_SPACE 2>/dev/null
+      touch ~/.gitcookies
+      chmod 0600 ~/.gitcookies
+
+      git config --global http.cookiefile ~/.gitcookies
+
+      tr , \\t <<\__END__ >>~/.gitcookies
+      ${{ env.CHROMIUM_GIT_COOKIE }}
+      __END__
+      eval 'set -o history' 2>/dev/null || unsetopt HIST_IGNORE_SPACE 2>/dev/null
+  - name: Set the git cookie from chromium.googlesource.com (Windows)
+    if: ${{ runner.os == 'Windows' && env.CHROMIUM_GIT_COOKIE_WINDOWS_STRING }}
+    shell: cmd
+    run: |
+      git config --global http.cookiefile "%USERPROFILE%\.gitcookies"
+      powershell -noprofile -nologo -command Write-Output "${{ env.CHROMIUM_GIT_COOKIE_WINDOWS_STRING }}" >>"%USERPROFILE%\.gitcookies"
+

.github/workflows/build.yml

@@ -100,6 +100,7 @@ jobs:
         - /mnt/cross-instance-cache:/mnt/cross-instance-cache
         - /var/run/sas:/var/run/sas
     env:
+      CHROMIUM_GIT_COOKIE: ${{ secrets.CHROMIUM_GIT_COOKIE }}
       GCLIENT_EXTRA_ARGS: '--custom-var=checkout_mac=True --custom-var=host_os=mac'
     outputs:
       build-image-sha: ${{ needs.setup.outputs.build-image-sha }}
@@ -126,6 +127,7 @@ jobs:
         - /mnt/cross-instance-cache:/mnt/cross-instance-cache
         - /var/run/sas:/var/run/sas
     env:
+      CHROMIUM_GIT_COOKIE: ${{ secrets.CHROMIUM_GIT_COOKIE }}
       GCLIENT_EXTRA_ARGS: '--custom-var=checkout_arm=True --custom-var=checkout_arm64=True'
       PATCH_UP_APP_CREDS: ${{ secrets.PATCH_UP_APP_CREDS }}
     outputs:
@@ -150,6 +152,8 @@ jobs:
       volumes:
         - /mnt/cross-instance-cache:/mnt/cross-instance-cache
     env:
+      CHROMIUM_GIT_COOKIE: ${{ secrets.CHROMIUM_GIT_COOKIE }}
+      CHROMIUM_GIT_COOKIE_WINDOWS_STRING: ${{ secrets.CHROMIUM_GIT_COOKIE_WINDOWS_STRING }}
       GCLIENT_EXTRA_ARGS: '--custom-var=checkout_win=True'
       TARGET_OS: 'win'
       ELECTRON_DEPOT_TOOLS_WIN_TOOLCHAIN: '1'

.github/workflows/clean-src-cache.yml

@@ -1,8 +1,12 @@
 name: Clean Source Cache
 
+description: |
+  This workflow cleans up the source cache on the cross-instance cache volume
+  to free up space. It runs daily at midnight and clears files older than 15 days.
+
 on:
   schedule:
-    - cron: "0 0 * * SUN"  # Run at midnight every Sunday
+    - cron: "0 0 * * *"
 
 jobs:
   clean-src-cache:
@@ -17,5 +21,5 @@ jobs:
       shell: bash
       run: |
         df -h /mnt/cross-instance-cache
-        find /mnt/cross-instance-cache -type f -mtime +30 -delete
+        find /mnt/cross-instance-cache -type f -mtime +15 -delete
         df -h /mnt/cross-instance-cache

.github/workflows/pipeline-electron-build-and-test-and-nan.yml

@@ -56,8 +56,8 @@ on:
         default: false
 
 concurrency:
-  group: electron-build-and-test-and-nan-${{ inputs.target-platform }}-${{ inputs.target-arch }}-${{ github.ref }}
-  cancel-in-progress: ${{ github.ref != 'refs/heads/main' && !endsWith(github.ref, '-x-y') }}
+  group: electron-build-and-test-and-nan-${{ inputs.target-platform }}-${{ inputs.target-arch }}-${{ github.ref_protected == true && github.run_id || github.ref }}
+  cancel-in-progress: ${{ github.ref_protected != true }}
 
 jobs:
   build:

.github/workflows/pipeline-electron-build-and-test.yml

@@ -56,8 +56,8 @@ on:
         default: false
 
 concurrency:
-  group: electron-build-and-test-${{ inputs.target-platform }}-${{ inputs.target-arch }}-${{ github.ref }}
-  cancel-in-progress: ${{ github.ref != 'refs/heads/main' && !endsWith(github.ref, '-x-y') }}
+  group: electron-build-and-test-${{ inputs.target-platform }}-${{ inputs.target-arch }}-${{ github.ref_protected == true && github.run_id || github.ref }}
+  cancel-in-progress: ${{ github.ref_protected != true }}
 
 permissions:
   contents: read

.github/workflows/pipeline-electron-lint.yml

@@ -9,8 +9,11 @@ on:
         type: string
 
 concurrency:
-  group: electron-lint-${{ github.ref }}
-  cancel-in-progress: ${{ github.ref != 'refs/heads/main' && !endsWith(github.ref, '-x-y') }}
+  group: electron-lint-${{ github.ref_protected == true && github.run_id || github.ref }}
+  cancel-in-progress: ${{ github.ref_protected != true }}
+
+env:
+  CHROMIUM_GIT_COOKIE: ${{ secrets.CHROMIUM_GIT_COOKIE }}  
 
 jobs:
   lint:
@@ -27,6 +30,8 @@ jobs:
         ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
     - name: Install Dependencies
       uses: ./src/electron/.github/actions/install-dependencies
+    - name: Set Chromium Git Cookie
+      uses: ./src/electron/.github/actions/set-chromium-cookie
     - name: Setup third_party Depot Tools
       shell: bash
       run: |

.github/workflows/pipeline-segment-electron-build.yml

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ on:
         required: true
       target-arch:
         type: string
-        description: 'Arch to build for, can be x64, arm64 or arm'
+        description: 'Arch to build for, can be x64, arm64, ia32 or arm'
         required: true
       target-variant:
         type: string
@@ -61,10 +61,12 @@ on:
 
 
 concurrency:
-  group: electron-build-${{ inputs.target-platform }}-${{ inputs.target-arch }}-${{ inputs.target-variant }}-${{ inputs.is-asan }}-${{ github.ref }}
-  cancel-in-progress: ${{ github.ref != 'refs/heads/main' && !endsWith(github.ref, '-x-y') }}
+  group: electron-build-${{ inputs.target-platform }}-${{ inputs.target-arch }}-${{ inputs.target-variant }}-${{ inputs.is-asan }}-${{ github.ref_protected == true && github.run_id || github.ref }}
+  cancel-in-progress: ${{ github.ref_protected != true }}
 
 env:
+  CHROMIUM_GIT_COOKIE: ${{ secrets.CHROMIUM_GIT_COOKIE }}
+  CHROMIUM_GIT_COOKIE_WINDOWS_STRING: ${{ secrets.CHROMIUM_GIT_COOKIE_WINDOWS_STRING }}
   ELECTRON_ARTIFACTS_BLOB_STORAGE: ${{ secrets.ELECTRON_ARTIFACTS_BLOB_STORAGE }}
   ELECTRON_RBE_JWT: ${{ secrets.ELECTRON_RBE_JWT }}
   SUDOWOODO_EXCHANGE_URL: ${{ secrets.SUDOWOODO_EXCHANGE_URL }}
@@ -125,6 +127,8 @@ jobs:
           GN_EXTRA_ARGS='is_asan=true'
         fi
         echo "GN_EXTRA_ARGS=$GN_EXTRA_ARGS" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+    - name: Set Chromium Git Cookie
+      uses: ./src/electron/.github/actions/set-chromium-cookie
     - name: Get Depot Tools
       timeout-minutes: 5
       run: |

.github/workflows/pipeline-segment-electron-test.yml

@@ -27,8 +27,8 @@ on:
         default: false
 
 concurrency:
-  group: electron-test-${{ inputs.target-platform }}-${{ inputs.target-arch }}-${{ inputs.is-asan }}-${{ github.ref }}
-  cancel-in-progress: ${{ github.ref != 'refs/heads/main' && !endsWith(github.ref, '-x-y') }}
+  group: electron-test-${{ inputs.target-platform }}-${{ inputs.target-arch }}-${{ inputs.is-asan }}-${{ github.ref_protected == true && github.run_id || github.ref }}
+  cancel-in-progress: ${{ github.ref_protected != true }}
 
 permissions:
   contents: read
@@ -36,6 +36,8 @@ permissions:
   pull-requests: read
 
 env:
+  CHROMIUM_GIT_COOKIE: ${{ secrets.CHROMIUM_GIT_COOKIE }}
+  CHROMIUM_GIT_COOKIE_WINDOWS_STRING: ${{ secrets.CHROMIUM_GIT_COOKIE_WINDOWS_STRING }}
   ELECTRON_OUT_DIR: Default
   ELECTRON_RBE_JWT: ${{ secrets.ELECTRON_RBE_JWT }}
 
@@ -74,6 +76,7 @@ jobs:
         echo "C:\Program Files\Git\cmd" | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_PATH -Encoding utf8 -Append
         echo "C:\Program Files\Git\bin" | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_PATH -Encoding utf8 -Append
         echo "C:\Python311" | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_PATH -Encoding utf8 -Append
+        cp "C:\Python311\python.exe" "C:\Python311\python3.exe"
     - name: Setup Node.js/npm
       if: ${{ inputs.target-platform == 'win' }}
       uses: actions/setup-node@39370e3970a6d050c480ffad4ff0ed4d3fdee5af
@@ -112,6 +115,9 @@ jobs:
             configure_sys_tccdb "$values"
           fi
         done
+    - name: Turn off the unexpectedly quit dialog on macOS
+      if: ${{ inputs.target-platform == 'macos' }}
+      run: defaults write com.apple.CrashReporter DialogType server
     - name: Checkout Electron
       uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683
       with:
@@ -120,6 +126,8 @@ jobs:
         ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
     - name: Install Dependencies
       uses: ./src/electron/.github/actions/install-dependencies
+    - name: Set Chromium Git Cookie
+      uses: ./src/electron/.github/actions/set-chromium-cookie
     - name: Get Depot Tools
       timeout-minutes: 5
       run: |

.github/workflows/pipeline-segment-node-nan-test.yml

@@ -27,10 +27,11 @@ on:
         default: testing
 
 concurrency:
-  group: electron-node-nan-test-${{ inputs.target-platform }}-${{ inputs.target-arch }}-${{ github.ref }}
-  cancel-in-progress: ${{ github.ref != 'refs/heads/main' && !endsWith(github.ref, '-x-y') }}
+  group: electron-node-nan-test-${{ inputs.target-platform }}-${{ inputs.target-arch }}-${{ github.ref_protected == true && github.run_id || github.ref }}
+  cancel-in-progress: ${{ github.ref_protected != true }}
 
 env:
+  CHROMIUM_GIT_COOKIE: ${{ secrets.CHROMIUM_GIT_COOKIE }}
   ELECTRON_OUT_DIR: Default
   ELECTRON_RBE_JWT: ${{ secrets.ELECTRON_RBE_JWT }}
 
@@ -38,7 +39,7 @@ jobs:
   node-tests:
     name: Run Node.js Tests
     runs-on: electron-arc-linux-amd64-8core
-    timeout-minutes: 20
+    timeout-minutes: 30
     env: 
       TARGET_ARCH: ${{ inputs.target-arch }}
       BUILD_TYPE: linux
@@ -50,6 +51,8 @@ jobs:
         path: src/electron
         fetch-depth: 0
         ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
+    - name: Set Chromium Git Cookie
+      uses: ./src/electron/.github/actions/set-chromium-cookie
     - name: Install Build Tools
       uses: ./src/electron/.github/actions/install-build-tools
     - name: Init Build Tools
@@ -99,7 +102,7 @@ jobs:
   nan-tests:
     name: Run Nan Tests
     runs-on: electron-arc-linux-amd64-4core
-    timeout-minutes: 20
+    timeout-minutes: 30
     env: 
       TARGET_ARCH: ${{ inputs.target-arch }}
       BUILD_TYPE: linux
@@ -118,6 +121,8 @@ jobs:
         e init -f --root=$(pwd) --out=Default ${{ inputs.gn-build-type }}
     - name: Install Dependencies
       uses: ./src/electron/.github/actions/install-dependencies
+    - name: Set Chromium Git Cookie
+      uses: ./src/electron/.github/actions/set-chromium-cookie
     - name: Get Depot Tools
       timeout-minutes: 5
       run: |

.github/workflows/pull-request-labeled.yml

@@ -15,12 +15,12 @@ jobs:
       - name: Trigger Slack workflow
         uses: slackapi/slack-github-action@485a9d42d3a73031f12ec201c457e2162c45d02d # v2.0.0
         with:
+          webhook: ${{ secrets.BACKPORT_REQUESTED_SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL }} 
+          webhook-type: webhook-trigger
           payload: |
             {
               "url": "${{ github.event.pull_request.html_url }}"
             }
-        env:
-          SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL: ${{ secrets.BACKPORT_REQUESTED_SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL }}
   pull-request-labeled-deprecation-review-complete:
     name: deprecation-review/complete label added
     if: github.event.label.name == 'deprecation-review/complete ✅'

.github/workflows/update_appveyor_image.yml

@@ -1,78 +0,0 @@
-name: Update AppVeyor Image
-
-# Run chron daily Mon-Fri
-on:
-  workflow_dispatch:
-  schedule:
-    - cron: '0 8 * * 1-5' # runs 8:00 every business day (see https://crontab.guru)
-
-permissions: {}
-
-jobs:
-  bake-appveyor-image:
-    name: Bake AppVeyor Image
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-    - name: Generate GitHub App token
-      uses: electron/github-app-auth-action@384fd19694fe7b6dcc9a684746c6976ad78228ae # v1.1.1
-      id: generate-token
-      with:
-        creds: ${{ secrets.APPVEYOR_UPDATER_GH_APP_CREDS }}
-    - name: Checkout
-      uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
-      with:
-        fetch-depth: 0
-        token: ${{ steps.generate-token.outputs.token }}
-        ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
-    - name: Setup Node.js
-      uses: actions/setup-node@39370e3970a6d050c480ffad4ff0ed4d3fdee5af # v4.1.0
-      with:
-        node-version: 20.11.x
-    - name: Yarn install
-      run: |
-        node script/yarn.js install --frozen-lockfile
-    - name: Set Repo for Commit
-      run: git config --global --add safe.directory $GITHUB_WORKSPACE
-    - name: Check AppVeyor Image
-      env:
-        APPVEYOR_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.APPVEYOR_TOKEN }}
-      run: |
-        node ./script/prepare-appveyor
-        if [ -f ./image_version.txt ]; then
-          echo "APPVEYOR_IMAGE_VERSION="$(cat image_version.txt)"" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-          rm image_version.txt
-        fi
-    - name: (Optionally) Update Appveyor Image
-      if: ${{ env.APPVEYOR_IMAGE_VERSION }}
-      uses: mikefarah/yq@4839dbbf80445070a31c7a9c1055da527db2d5ee # v4.44.6
-      with:
-        cmd: |
-          yq '.image = "${{ env.APPVEYOR_IMAGE_VERSION }}"' "appveyor.yml" > "appveyor2.yml"
-          yq '.image = "${{ env.APPVEYOR_IMAGE_VERSION }}"' "appveyor-woa.yml" > "appveyor-woa2.yml"
-    - name: (Optionally) Generate Commit Diff
-      if: ${{ env.APPVEYOR_IMAGE_VERSION }}
-      run: |
-        diff -w -B appveyor.yml appveyor2.yml > appveyor.diff || true
-        patch -f appveyor.yml < appveyor.diff
-        rm appveyor2.yml appveyor.diff
-        git add appveyor.yml
-    - name: (Optionally) Generate Commit Diff for WOA
-      if: ${{ env.APPVEYOR_IMAGE_VERSION }}
-      run: |
-        diff -w -B appveyor-woa.yml appveyor-woa2.yml > appveyor-woa.diff || true
-        patch -f appveyor-woa.yml < appveyor-woa.diff
-        rm appveyor-woa2.yml appveyor-woa.diff
-        git add appveyor-woa.yml
-    - name: (Optionally) Commit to Branch
-      if: ${{ env.APPVEYOR_IMAGE_VERSION }}
-      uses: dsanders11/github-app-commit-action@43de6da2f4d927e997c0784c7a0b61bd19ad6aac # v1.5.0
-      with:
-        message: 'build: update appveyor image to latest version'
-        ref: bump-appveyor-image
-        token: ${{ steps.generate-token.outputs.token }}
-    - name: (Optionally) Create Pull Request
-      if: ${{ env.APPVEYOR_IMAGE_VERSION }}
-      run: |
-        printf "This PR updates appveyor.yml to the latest baked image, ${{ env.APPVEYOR_IMAGE_VERSION }}.\n\nNotes: none" | gh pr create --head bump-appveyor-image --label no-backport --label semver/none --title 'build: update appveyor image to latest version' --body-file=-
-      env:
-        GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ steps.generate-token.outputs.token }}

.github/workflows/windows-publish.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+name: Publish Windows
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      build-image-sha:
+        type: string
+        description: 'SHA for electron/build image'
+        default: 'bc2f48b2415a670de18d13605b1cf0eb5fdbaae1'
+        required: true
+      upload-to-storage:
+        description: 'Uploads to Azure storage'
+        required: false
+        default: '1'
+        type: string
+      run-windows-publish:
+        description: 'Run the publish jobs vs just the build jobs'
+        type: boolean
+        default: false
+
+jobs:
+  checkout-windows:
+    runs-on: electron-arc-linux-amd64-32core
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/electron/build:${{ inputs.build-image-sha }}
+      options: --user root --device /dev/fuse --cap-add SYS_ADMIN
+      volumes:
+        - /mnt/cross-instance-cache:/mnt/cross-instance-cache
+    env:
+      GCLIENT_EXTRA_ARGS: '--custom-var=checkout_win=True'
+      TARGET_OS: 'win'
+      ELECTRON_DEPOT_TOOLS_WIN_TOOLCHAIN: '1'
+    outputs:
+      build-image-sha: ${{ inputs.build-image-sha }}
+    steps:
+    - name: Checkout Electron
+      uses: actions/checkout@a5ac7e51b41094c92402da3b24376905380afc29
+      with:
+        path: src/electron
+        fetch-depth: 0
+    - name: Checkout & Sync & Save
+      uses: ./src/electron/.github/actions/checkout
+
+  publish-x64-win:
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/pipeline-segment-electron-build.yml
+    needs: checkout-windows
+    with:
+      environment: production-release
+      build-runs-on: electron-arc-windows-amd64-16core
+      target-platform: win
+      target-arch: x64
+      is-release: true
+      gn-build-type: release
+      generate-symbols: true
+      upload-to-storage: ${{ inputs.upload-to-storage }}
+    secrets: inherit
+
+  publish-arm64-win:
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/pipeline-segment-electron-build.yml
+    needs: checkout-windows
+    with:
+      environment: production-release
+      build-runs-on: electron-arc-windows-amd64-16core
+      target-platform: win
+      target-arch: arm64
+      is-release: true
+      gn-build-type: release
+      generate-symbols: true
+      upload-to-storage: ${{ inputs.upload-to-storage }}
+    secrets: inherit
+
+  publish-x86-win:
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/pipeline-segment-electron-build.yml
+    needs: checkout-windows
+    with:
+      environment: production-release
+      build-runs-on: electron-arc-windows-amd64-16core
+      target-platform: win
+      target-arch: x86
+      is-release: true
+      gn-build-type: release
+      generate-symbols: true
+      upload-to-storage: ${{ inputs.upload-to-storage }}
+    secrets: inherit

BUILD.gn

@@ -224,11 +224,21 @@ webpack_build("electron_utility_bundle") {
   out_file = "$target_gen_dir/js2c/utility_init.js"
 }
 
+webpack_build("electron_preload_realm_bundle") {
+  deps = [ ":build_electron_definitions" ]
+
+  inputs = auto_filenames.preload_realm_bundle_deps
+
+  config_file = "//electron/build/webpack/webpack.config.preload_realm.js"
+  out_file = "$target_gen_dir/js2c/preload_realm_bundle.js"
+}
+
 action("electron_js2c") {
   deps = [
     ":electron_browser_bundle",
     ":electron_isolated_renderer_bundle",
     ":electron_node_bundle",
+    ":electron_preload_realm_bundle",
     ":electron_renderer_bundle",
     ":electron_sandboxed_renderer_bundle",
     ":electron_utility_bundle",
@@ -240,6 +250,7 @@ action("electron_js2c") {
     "$target_gen_dir/js2c/browser_init.js",
     "$target_gen_dir/js2c/isolated_bundle.js",
     "$target_gen_dir/js2c/node_init.js",
+    "$target_gen_dir/js2c/preload_realm_bundle.js",
     "$target_gen_dir/js2c/renderer_init.js",
     "$target_gen_dir/js2c/sandbox_bundle.js",
     "$target_gen_dir/js2c/utility_init.js",
@@ -430,6 +441,7 @@ source_set("electron_lib") {
     "chromium_src:chrome_spellchecker",
     "shell/common:mojo",
     "shell/common:plugin",
+    "shell/common:web_contents_utility",
     "shell/services/node/public/mojom",
     "//base:base_static",
     "//base/allocator:buildflags",

DEPS

@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@ gclient_gn_args_from = 'src'
 
 vars = {
   'chromium_version':
-    '133.0.6920.0',
+    '134.0.6998.88',
   'node_version':
-    'v22.9.0',
+    'v22.14.0',
   'nan_version':
     'e14bdcd1f72d62bca1d541b66da43130384ec213',
   'squirrel.mac_version':

appveyor-bake.yml

@@ -1,107 +0,0 @@
-# The config is used to bake appveyor images, not for running CI jobs.
-# The config expects the following environment variables to be set:
-#  - "APPVEYOR_BAKE_IMAGE" e.g. 'electron-99.0.4767.0'. Name of the image to be baked.
-#      Typically named after the Chromium version on which the image is built.
-#      This can be set dynamically in the prepare-appveyor script.
-
-version: 1.0.{build}
-build_cloud: electronhq-16-core
-image: base-bake-image
-environment:
-  GIT_CACHE_PATH: C:\Users\appveyor\libcc_cache
-  ELECTRON_OUT_DIR: Default
-  ELECTRON_ENABLE_STACK_DUMPING: 1
-  MOCHA_REPORTER: mocha-multi-reporters
-  MOCHA_MULTI_REPORTERS: mocha-appveyor-reporter, tap
-  DEPOT_TOOLS_WIN_TOOLCHAIN: 0
-  PYTHONIOENCODING: UTF-8
-
-# The following lines are needed when baking from a completely new image (eg MicrosoftWindowsServer:WindowsServer:2019-Datacenter:latest via image: base-windows-server2019)
-# init:
-#   - ps: $blockRdp = $true; iex ((new-object net.webclient).DownloadString('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/appveyor/ci/master/scripts/enable-rdp.ps1'))
-#   - appveyor version
-#   - ps: $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
-#   - ps: 'Write-Host "OS Build: $((Get-CimInstance Win32_OperatingSystem).BuildNumber)"'
-
-# clone_folder: '%USERPROFILE%\image-bake-scripts'
-
-# clone_script:  
-#   - ps: Invoke-WebRequest "https://github.com/appveyor/build-images/archive/1f90d94e74c8243c909a09b994e527584dfcb838.zip" -OutFile "$env:temp\scripts.zip"
-#   - ps: Expand-Archive -Path "$env:temp\scripts.zip" -DestinationPath "$env:temp\scripts" -Force
-#   - ps: Copy-Item -Path "$env:temp\scripts\build-images-1f90d94e74c8243c909a09b994e527584dfcb838\scripts\Windows\*" -Destination $env:APPVEYOR_BUILD_FOLDER -Recurse  
-
-build_script:
-# The following lines are needed when baking from a completely new image (eg MicrosoftWindowsServer:WindowsServer:2019-Datacenter:latest via image: base-windows-server2019)
-  # - ps: .\init_server.ps1
-  # - ps: .\extend_system_volume.ps1
-
-  # # Restart VM
-  # - ps: Start-Sleep -s 5; Restart-Computer
-  # - ps: Start-Sleep -s 5
-
-  # - appveyor version
-  # - ps: .\install_path_utils.ps1
-  # - ps: .\install_powershell_core.ps1
-  # - ps: .\install_powershell_get.ps1
-  # - ps: .\install_7zip.ps1
-  # - ps: .\install_chocolatey.ps1
-  # - ps: .\install_webpi.ps1
-  # - ps: .\install_nuget.ps1
-  # - ps: .\install_pstools.ps1
-
-  # - ps: .\install_git.ps1
-  # - ps: .\install_git_lfs.ps1
-
-  # # Restart VM
-  # - ps: Start-Sleep -s 5; Restart-Computer
-  # - ps: Start-Sleep -s 5
-# END LINES FOR COMPLETELY NEW IMAGE
-
-  - git config --global core.longpaths true
-  - ps: >-
-      if (-not (Test-Path -Path C:\projects\src)) {
-        New-Item -Path C:\projects\src -ItemType Directory
-      }
-  - cd C:\projects\
-  - git clone -q --branch=%APPVEYOR_REPO_BRANCH% https://github.com/electron/electron.git C:\projects\src\electron
-  - git clone --depth=1 https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/tools/depot_tools.git
-  - ps: $env:PATH="$pwd\depot_tools;$env:PATH"
-  - update_depot_tools.bat
-  # Uncomment the following line if windows deps change
-  - src\electron\script\setup-win-for-dev.bat
-  - >-
-      gclient config
-      --name "src\electron"
-      --unmanaged
-      %GCLIENT_EXTRA_ARGS%
-      "https://github.com/electron/electron"
-  - ps: cd src\electron
-  - ps: node script\generate-deps-hash.js
-  - ps: $depshash = Get-Content .\.depshash -Raw
-  - ps: Copy-Item -path .\.depshash -destination ..\.depshash
-  - ps: cd ..\..
-  - gclient sync --with_branch_heads --with_tags --nohooks
-  - ps: regsvr32 /s "C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Community\DIA SDK\bin\amd64\msdia140.dll"
-  - ps: set vs2022_install="C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Community"
-
-# The following lines are needed when baking from a completely new image (eg MicrosoftWindowsServer:WindowsServer:2019-Datacenter:latest via image: base-windows-server2019)
-  # # Restart VM
-  # - ps: Start-Sleep -s 5; Restart-Computer 
-  # - ps: Start-Sleep -s 5
-
-  # - cd %USERPROFILE%\image-bake-scripts
-  # - appveyor version
-  # - ps: .\optimize_dotnet_runtime.ps1
-  # - ps: .\disable_windows_background_services.ps1
-  # - ps: .\enforce_windows_firewall.ps1
-  # - ps: .\cleanup_windows.ps1  
-# END LINES FOR COMPLETELY NEW IMAGE  
-on_image_bake:
-  - ps: >-
-      echo "Baking image: $env:APPVEYOR_BAKE_IMAGE at dir $PWD"
-  - ps: Remove-Item -Recurse -Force C:\projects\depot_tools
-  - ps: Remove-Item -Recurse -Force C:\projects\src\electron
-# Uncomment these lines and set APPVEYOR_RDP_PASSWORD in project settings to enable RDP after bake is done
-# # on_finish:
-#   - ps: >-
-#        $blockRdp = $true; iex ((new-object net.webclient).DownloadString('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/appveyor/ci/master/scripts/enable-rdp.ps1'))

appveyor-woa.yml

@@ -1,352 +0,0 @@
-# NOTE IF CHANGING THIS FILE, ALSO APPLY THE CHANGE TO appveyor.yml
-# IF APPLICABLE!!!!
-#
-#
-# The config expects the following environment variables to be set:
-#  - "GN_CONFIG" Build type. One of {'testing', 'release'}.
-#  - "GN_EXTRA_ARGS" Additional gn arguments for a build config,
-#      e.g. 'target_cpu="x86"' to build for a 32bit platform.
-#      https://gn.googlesource.com/gn/+/main/docs/reference.md#var_target_cpu
-#      Don't forget to set up "NPM_CONFIG_ARCH" and "TARGET_ARCH" accordingly
-#      if you pass a custom value for 'target_cpu'.
-#  - "ELECTRON_RELEASE" Set it to '1' upload binaries on success.
-#  - "NPM_CONFIG_ARCH" E.g. 'x86'. Is used to build native Node.js modules.
-#      Must match 'target_cpu' passed to "GN_EXTRA_ARGS" and "TARGET_ARCH" value.
-#  - "TARGET_ARCH" Choose from {'ia32', 'x64', 'arm', 'arm64'}.
-#      Is used in some publishing scripts, but does NOT affect the Electron binary.
-#      Must match 'target_cpu' passed to "GN_EXTRA_ARGS" and "NPM_CONFIG_ARCH" value.
-#  - "UPLOAD_TO_STORAGE" Set it to '1' upload a release to the Azure bucket.
-#      Otherwise the release will be uploaded to the GitHub Releases.
-#      (The value is only checked if "ELECTRON_RELEASE" is defined.)
-#
-# The publishing scripts expect access tokens to be defined as env vars,
-# but those are not covered here.
-#
-# AppVeyor docs on variables:
-# https://www.appveyor.com/docs/environment-variables/
-# https://www.appveyor.com/docs/build-configuration/#secure-variables
-# https://www.appveyor.com/docs/build-configuration/#custom-environment-variables
-
-version: 1.0.{build}
-build_cloud: electronhq-16-core
-image: e-133.0.6878.0
-environment:
-  GIT_CACHE_PATH: C:\Users\appveyor\libcc_cache
-  ELECTRON_OUT_DIR: Default
-  ELECTRON_ENABLE_STACK_DUMPING: 1
-  ELECTRON_ALSO_LOG_TO_STDERR: 1
-  MOCHA_REPORTER: mocha-multi-reporters
-  MOCHA_MULTI_REPORTERS: "@marshallofsound/mocha-appveyor-reporter, mocha-junit-reporter, tap"
-  DEPOT_TOOLS_WIN_TOOLCHAIN: 1
-  DEPOT_TOOLS_WIN_TOOLCHAIN_BASE_URL: "https://dev-cdn.electronjs.org/windows-toolchains/_"  
-  GYP_MSVS_HASH_7393122652: 3ba76c5c20
-  PYTHONIOENCODING: UTF-8
-
-  matrix:
-
-    - job_name: Build Arm on X64 Windows
-    - job_name: Test On Windows On Arm Hardware 1
-      job_depends_on: Build Arm on X64 Windows
-      APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: base-woa
-      APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_CLOUD: electronhq-woa
-      shard: 1
-    - job_name: Test On Windows On Arm Hardware 2
-      job_depends_on: Build Arm on X64 Windows
-      APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: base-woa
-      APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_CLOUD: electronhq-woa
-      shard: 2
-
-clone_script:
-- ps: git clone -q $("--branch=" + $Env:APPVEYOR_REPO_BRANCH) $("https://github.com/" + $Env:APPVEYOR_REPO_NAME + ".git") $Env:APPVEYOR_BUILD_FOLDER
-- ps: if (!$Env:APPVEYOR_PULL_REQUEST_NUMBER) {$("git checkout -qf " + $Env:APPVEYOR_REPO_COMMIT)}
-- ps: if ($Env:APPVEYOR_PULL_REQUEST_NUMBER) {git fetch -q origin +refs/pull/$($Env:APPVEYOR_PULL_REQUEST_NUMBER)/head; git checkout -qf FETCH_HEAD}
-
-clone_folder: C:\projects\src\electron
-
-skip_branch_with_pr: true
-
-# the first failed job cancels other jobs and fails entire build
-matrix:
-  fast_finish: true
-
-for:
-
-  - matrix:
-      only:
-        - job_name: Build Arm on X64 Windows
-
-    build_script:
-      # TODO: Remove --ignore-engines once WOA image is up to node 20
-      - ps: |
-          node script/yarn.js install --frozen-lockfile --ignore-engines
-          node script/doc-only-change.js --prNumber=$env:APPVEYOR_PULL_REQUEST_NUMBER
-          $env:SHOULD_SKIP_ARTIFACT_VALIDATION = "false"
-          if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) {
-            Write-warning "Skipping build for doc-only change"
-            $env:SHOULD_SKIP_ARTIFACT_VALIDATION = "true"
-            Exit-AppveyorBuild
-          } else {
-            $global:LASTEXITCODE = 0
-          }
-      - cd ..
-      - ps: Write-Host "Building $env:GN_CONFIG build"
-      - git config --global core.longpaths true
-      - ps: >-
-          if (Test-Path -Path "$pwd\depot_tools") {
-            Remove-Item -Recurse -Force $pwd\depot_tools
-          }
-      - ps: >-
-          if (Test-Path -Path "$pwd\build-tools") {
-            Remove-Item -Recurse -Force $pwd\build-tools
-          }
-      - git clone --depth=1 https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/tools/depot_tools.git
-      - ps: New-Item -Name depot_tools\.disable_auto_update -ItemType File
-      - depot_tools\bootstrap\win_tools.bat
-      - ps: |
-          Set-Content -Path $pwd\depot_tools\build_telemetry.cfg -Value '{"user": "info@electronjs.org", "status": "opt-out", "countdown": 10, "version": 1}'
-      - ps: $env:PATH="$pwd\depot_tools;$env:PATH"
-      - ps: >-
-          if (Test-Path -Path "$pwd\src\electron") {
-            Remove-Item -Recurse -Force $pwd\src\electron
-          }
-      - git clone https://github.com/electron/build-tools.git
-      - cd build-tools
-      - npx yarn --ignore-engines
-      - mkdir third_party
-      - ps: >-
-          node -e "require('./src/utils/reclient.js').downloadAndPrepare({})"
-      - ps: $env:RECLIENT_HELPER = node -p "require('./src/utils/reclient.js').helperPath({})"
-      - ps: >-
-          & $env:RECLIENT_HELPER login
-      - ps: >-
-          $env:RBE_service = node -e "console.log(require('./src/utils/reclient.js').serviceAddress)"
-      - ps: >-
-          $env:RBE_credentials_helper = $env:RECLIENT_HELPER
-      - ps: >-
-          $env:RBE_credentials_helper_args = "print"
-      - ps: >-
-          if ($env:ELECTRON_RBE_JWT -eq '') {
-            $env:RBE_fail_early_min_action_count = "0"
-            $env:RBE_fail_early_min_fallback_ratio = "0"
-          }
-      - cd ..\..
-      - ps: $env:CHROMIUM_BUILDTOOLS_PATH="$pwd\src\buildtools"
-      - ps: >-
-          if ($env:GN_CONFIG -ne 'release') {
-            $env:NINJA_STATUS="[%r processes, %f/%t @ %o/s : %es] "
-          }
-      - gclient config --name "src\electron" --unmanaged %GCLIENT_EXTRA_ARGS% "https://github.com/electron/electron"
-      # Patches are applied in the image bake. Check depshash to see if patches have changed.
-      - ps: $env:RUN_GCLIENT_SYNC="false"
-      - ps: $depshash_baked = Get-Content .\src\.depshash -Raw
-      - ps: cd src\electron
-      - ps: node script\generate-deps-hash.js
-      - ps: $depshash = Get-Content .\.depshash -Raw
-      - ps: cd ..\..
-      - ps: >-
-          if ($depshash_baked -ne $depshash) {
-            $env:RUN_GCLIENT_SYNC="true"
-          }
-      - if "%RUN_GCLIENT_SYNC%"=="true" ( gclient sync --with_branch_heads --with_tags ) else ( gclient runhooks )
-      - cd src
-      - ps: $env:PATH="$pwd\third_party\ninja;$env:PATH"
-      - set BUILD_CONFIG_PATH=//electron/build/args/%GN_CONFIG%.gn
-      - gn gen out/Default "--args=import(\"%BUILD_CONFIG_PATH%\") use_remoteexec=true %GN_EXTRA_ARGS% "
-      - gn check out/Default //electron:electron_lib
-      - gn check out/Default //electron:electron_app
-      - gn check out/Default //electron/shell/common:mojo
-      - gn check out/Default //electron/shell/common:plugin
-      - autoninja -j 300 -C out/Default electron:electron_app
-      - if "%GN_CONFIG%"=="testing" ( python C:\depot_tools\post_build_ninja_summary.py -C out\Default )
-      - gn gen out/ffmpeg "--args=import(\"//electron/build/args/ffmpeg.gn\") use_remoteexec=true %GN_EXTRA_ARGS%"
-      - autoninja -C out/ffmpeg electron:electron_ffmpeg_zip
-      - autoninja -C out/Default electron:electron_dist_zip
-      - gn desc out/Default v8:run_mksnapshot_default args > out/Default/default_mksnapshot_args
-      # Remove unused args from mksnapshot_args
-      - ps: >-
-          Get-Content out/Default/default_mksnapshot_args | Where-Object { -not $_.Contains('--turbo-profiling-input') -And -not $_.Contains('builtins-pgo') } | Set-Content out/Default/mksnapshot_args
-      - autoninja -C out/Default electron:electron_mksnapshot_zip
-      - cd out\Default
-      - 7z a mksnapshot.zip mksnapshot_args gen\v8\embedded.S
-      - cd ..\..
-      - autoninja -C out/Default electron:hunspell_dictionaries_zip
-      - autoninja -C out/Default electron:electron_chromedriver_zip
-      - autoninja -C out/Default electron:node_headers
-      - ps: >-
-          Get-CimInstance -Namespace root\cimv2 -Class Win32_product | Select vendor, description, @{l='install_location';e='InstallLocation'}, @{l='install_date';e='InstallDate'}, @{l='install_date_2';e='InstallDate2'}, caption, version, name, @{l='sku_number';e='SKUNumber'} | ConvertTo-Json | Out-File -Encoding utf8 -FilePath .\installed_software.json
-      - python3 electron/build/profile_toolchain.py --output-json=out/Default/windows_toolchain_profile.json
-      - 7z a node_headers.zip out\Default\gen\node_headers
-      - 7z a nan.zip third_party\nan
-      - ps: >-
-          if ($env:GN_CONFIG -eq 'release') {
-            # Needed for msdia140.dll on 64-bit windows
-            $env:Path += ";$pwd\third_party\llvm-build\Release+Asserts\bin"
-          }
-      - if "%GN_CONFIG%"=="release" ( autoninja -C out/Default electron:electron_symbols )
-      - ps: >-
-          if ($env:GN_CONFIG -eq 'release') {
-            python3 electron\script\zip-symbols.py
-            appveyor-retry appveyor PushArtifact out/Default/symbols.zip
-          } else {
-            # It's useful to have pdb files when debugging testing builds that are
-            # built on CI.
-            7z a pdb.zip out\Default\*.pdb
-          }
-      - ps: |
-          $manifest_file = "electron/script/zip_manifests/dist_zip.win.$env:TARGET_ARCH.manifest"
-          python3 electron/script/zip_manifests/check-zip-manifest.py out/Default/dist.zip $manifest_file
-          if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
-            throw "Zip contains files not listed in the manifest $manifest_file"
-          }
-      - ps: |
-          cd C:\projects\src
-          $missing_artifacts = $false
-          if ($env:SHOULD_SKIP_ARTIFACT_VALIDATION -eq 'true') {
-            Write-warning "Skipping artifact validation for doc-only $env:APPVEYOR_PROJECT_NAME"
-          } else {
-            $artifacts_to_validate = 'dist.zip','windows_toolchain_profile.json','chromedriver.zip','ffmpeg.zip','node_headers.zip','mksnapshot.zip','electron.lib','hunspell_dictionaries.zip','nan.zip'
-            foreach($artifact_name in $artifacts_to_validate) {
-              if ($artifact_name -eq 'ffmpeg.zip') {
-                $artifact_file = "out\ffmpeg\ffmpeg.zip"
-              } elseif (
-                $artifact_name -eq 'node_headers.zip') {
-                $artifact_file = $artifact_name
-              } elseif (
-                $artifact_name -eq 'nan.zip') {
-                $artifact_file = $artifact_name
-              } else {
-                $artifact_file = "out\Default\$artifact_name"
-              }
-              if (-not(Test-Path $artifact_file)) {
-                Write-warning "$artifact_name is missing and cannot be added to artifacts"
-                $missing_artifacts = $true
-              }
-            }
-          }
-          if ($missing_artifacts) {
-            throw "Build failed due to missing artifacts"
-          }
-
-    deploy_script:
-      - cd electron
-      - ps: >-
-          if (Test-Path Env:\ELECTRON_RELEASE) {
-            if (Test-Path Env:\UPLOAD_TO_STORAGE) {
-              Write-Output "Uploading Electron release distribution to azure"
-              & python3 script\release\uploaders\upload.py --verbose --upload_to_storage
-            } else {
-              Write-Output "Uploading Electron release distribution to github releases"
-              & python3 script\release\uploaders\upload.py --verbose
-            }
-          }
-    on_finish:
-      # Uncomment this lines to enable RDP
-      # - ps: $blockRdp = $true; iex ((new-object net.webclient).DownloadString('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/appveyor/ci/master/scripts/enable-rdp.ps1'))
-      - cd C:\projects\src
-      - if exist out\Default\windows_toolchain_profile.json ( appveyor-retry appveyor PushArtifact out\Default\windows_toolchain_profile.json )
-      - if exist out\Default\dist.zip (appveyor-retry appveyor PushArtifact out\Default\dist.zip)
-      - if exist out\Default\chromedriver.zip (appveyor-retry appveyor PushArtifact out\Default\chromedriver.zip)
-      - if exist out\ffmpeg\ffmpeg.zip (appveyor-retry appveyor PushArtifact out\ffmpeg\ffmpeg.zip)
-      - if exist node_headers.zip (appveyor-retry appveyor PushArtifact node_headers.zip)
-      - if exist nan.zip (appveyor-retry appveyor PushArtifact nan.zip)
-      - if exist out\Default\mksnapshot.zip (appveyor-retry appveyor PushArtifact out\Default\mksnapshot.zip)
-      - if exist out\Default\hunspell_dictionaries.zip (appveyor-retry appveyor PushArtifact out\Default\hunspell_dictionaries.zip)
-      - if exist out\Default\electron.lib (appveyor-retry appveyor PushArtifact out\Default\electron.lib)        
-      - ps: >-
-          if ((Test-Path "pdb.zip") -And ($env:GN_CONFIG -ne 'release')) {
-            appveyor-retry appveyor PushArtifact pdb.zip
-          }
-  - matrix:
-      only:
-        - job_name: Test On Windows On Arm Hardware 1
-        - job_name: Test On Windows On Arm Hardware 2
-
-    environment:
-        IGNORE_YARN_INSTALL_ERROR: 1
-        ELECTRON_TEST_RESULTS_DIR: C:\projects\src\electron\junit
-        MOCHA_MULTI_REPORTERS: "@marshallofsound/mocha-appveyor-reporter, mocha-junit-reporter, tap"
-        MOCHA_REPORTER: mocha-multi-reporters
-        ELECTRON_SKIP_NATIVE_MODULE_TESTS: true
-        DD_ENV: ci
-        DD_SERVICE: electron
-        DD_CIVISIBILITY_LOGS_ENABLED: true
-        DD_GIT_REPOSITORY_URL: "https://github.com/electron/electron.git"
-
-    build_script:
-      - ps: |
-          node script/yarn.js install --frozen-lockfile --ignore-engines
-          node script/doc-only-change.js --prNumber=$env:APPVEYOR_PULL_REQUEST_NUMBER
-          if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) {
-            Write-warning "Skipping build for doc only change"
-            Exit-AppveyorBuild
-          } else {
-            $global:LASTEXITCODE = 0
-          }
-      - ps: Invoke-WebRequest -Uri "https://github.com/DataDog/datadog-ci/releases/latest/download/datadog-ci_win-x64" -OutFile "C:\projects\src\electron\datadog-ci.exe"
-      - cd ..
-      - mkdir out\Default
-      - cd ..
-      - ps: |
-          # Download build artifacts
-          $apiUrl = 'https://ci.appveyor.com/api'
-          $build_info = Invoke-RestMethod -Method Get -Uri "$apiUrl/projects/$env:APPVEYOR_ACCOUNT_NAME/$env:APPVEYOR_PROJECT_SLUG/builds/$env:APPVEYOR_BUILD_ID"
-          $artifacts_to_download = @('dist.zip','ffmpeg.zip','node_headers.zip','electron.lib', 'nan.zip')
-          foreach ($job in $build_info.build.jobs) {
-            if ($job.name -eq "Build Arm on X64 Windows") {
-              $jobId = $job.jobId
-              foreach($artifact_name in $artifacts_to_download) {
-                if ($artifact_name -eq 'electron.lib') {
-                  $outfile = "src\out\Default\$artifact_name"
-                } else {
-                  $outfile = $artifact_name
-                }
-                Invoke-RestMethod -Method Get -Uri "$apiUrl/buildjobs/$jobId/artifacts/$artifact_name" -OutFile $outfile
-              }
-              # Uncomment the following lines to download the pdb.zip to show real stacktraces when crashes happen during testing
-              Invoke-RestMethod -Method Get -Uri "$apiUrl/buildjobs/$jobId/artifacts/pdb.zip" -OutFile pdb.zip
-              7z x -y -osrc pdb.zip
-            }
-          }
-      - ps: |
-          $out_default_zips = @('dist.zip')
-          foreach($zip_name in $out_default_zips) {
-            7z x -y -osrc\out\Default $zip_name
-          }
-      - ps: 7z x -y -osrc\out\ffmpeg ffmpeg.zip
-      - ps: 7z x -y -osrc node_headers.zip
-      - ps: 7z x -y -osrc nan.zip
-
-    test_script:
-      # Workaround for https://github.com/appveyor/ci/issues/2420
-      - set "PATH=%PATH%;C:\Program Files\Git\mingw64\libexec\git-core"
-      - ps: |
-          cd src
-          New-Item .\out\Default\gen\node_headers\Release -Type directory
-          Copy-Item -path .\out\Default\electron.lib -destination .\out\Default\gen\node_headers\Release\node.lib
-      - set npm_config_nodedir=%cd%\out\Default\gen\node_headers
-      - set npm_config_arch=arm64
-      - cd electron
-      # Explicitly set npm_config_arch because the .env doesn't persist
-      - ps: >-
-          if ($env:TARGET_ARCH -eq 'ia32') {
-            $env:npm_config_arch = "ia32"
-          }
-      - ps: $env:tests_files=node script\split-tests $env:shard 2
-      - echo "Running shard %shard% specs %tests_files%"
-      - echo Running main test suite & node script/yarn test  --runners=main --enable-logging --disable-features=CalculateNativeWinOcclusion --files %tests_files%
-      - cd ..
-      - echo Verifying non proprietary ffmpeg & python electron\script\verify-ffmpeg.py --build-dir out\Default --source-root %cd% --ffmpeg-path out\ffmpeg
-
-    on_finish:
-      # Uncomment these lines to enable RDP
-      # - ps: $blockRdp = $true; iex ((new-object net.webclient).DownloadString('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/appveyor/ci/master/scripts/enable-rdp.ps1'))
-      - if exist electron\junit\test-results-main.xml ( appveyor-retry appveyor PushArtifact electron\junit\test-results-main.xml )
-      - ps: |
-          if ($env:DD_API_KEY) {
-            $env:DD_GIT_COMMIT_SHA = $env:APPVEYOR_REPO_COMMIT
-            $env:DD_GIT_BRANCH = $env:APPVEYOR_PULL_REQUEST_HEAD_REPO_BRANCH
-            $env:DD_TAGS = "os.architecture:$env:TARGET_ARCH,os.family:windows,os.platform:win32"
-            if (Test-Path -Path "C:\projects\src\electron\junit\test-results-main.xml") {
-              C:\projects\src\electron\datadog-ci.exe junit upload --verbose C:\projects\src\electron\junit\test-results-main.xml
-            }
-          }

appveyor.yml

@@ -1,350 +0,0 @@
-# NOTE IF CHANGING THIS FILE, ALSO APPLY THE CHANGE TO appveyor-woa.yml
-# IF APPLICABLE!!!!
-#
-#
-# The config expects the following environment variables to be set:
-#  - "GN_CONFIG" Build type. One of {'testing', 'release'}.
-#  - "GN_EXTRA_ARGS" Additional gn arguments for a build config,
-#      e.g. 'target_cpu="x86"' to build for a 32bit platform.
-#      https://gn.googlesource.com/gn/+/main/docs/reference.md#var_target_cpu
-#      Don't forget to set up "NPM_CONFIG_ARCH" and "TARGET_ARCH" accordingly
-#      if you pass a custom value for 'target_cpu'.
-#  - "ELECTRON_RELEASE" Set it to '1' upload binaries on success.
-#  - "NPM_CONFIG_ARCH" E.g. 'x86'. Is used to build native Node.js modules.
-#      Must match 'target_cpu' passed to "GN_EXTRA_ARGS" and "TARGET_ARCH" value.
-#  - "TARGET_ARCH" Choose from {'ia32', 'x64', 'arm', 'arm64'}.
-#      Is used in some publishing scripts, but does NOT affect the Electron binary.
-#      Must match 'target_cpu' passed to "GN_EXTRA_ARGS" and "NPM_CONFIG_ARCH" value.
-#  - "UPLOAD_TO_STORAGE" Set it to '1' upload a release to the Azure bucket.
-#      Otherwise the release will be uploaded to the GitHub Releases.
-#      (The value is only checked if "ELECTRON_RELEASE" is defined.)
-#
-# The publishing scripts expect access tokens to be defined as env vars,
-# but those are not covered here.
-#
-# AppVeyor docs on variables:
-# https://www.appveyor.com/docs/environment-variables/
-# https://www.appveyor.com/docs/build-configuration/#secure-variables
-# https://www.appveyor.com/docs/build-configuration/#custom-environment-variables
-
-version: 1.0.{build}
-build_cloud: electronhq-16-core
-image: e-133.0.6878.0
-environment:
-  GIT_CACHE_PATH: C:\Users\appveyor\libcc_cache
-  ELECTRON_OUT_DIR: Default
-  ELECTRON_ENABLE_STACK_DUMPING: 1
-  ELECTRON_ALSO_LOG_TO_STDERR: 1
-  MOCHA_REPORTER: mocha-multi-reporters
-  MOCHA_MULTI_REPORTERS: "@marshallofsound/mocha-appveyor-reporter, mocha-junit-reporter, tap"
-  DEPOT_TOOLS_WIN_TOOLCHAIN: 1
-  DEPOT_TOOLS_WIN_TOOLCHAIN_BASE_URL: "https://dev-cdn.electronjs.org/windows-toolchains/_"
-  GYP_MSVS_HASH_7393122652: 3ba76c5c20
-  PYTHONIOENCODING: UTF-8
-
-  matrix:
-
-    - job_name: Build
-    - job_name: Test 1
-      job_depends_on: Build
-      shard: 1
-    - job_name: Test 2
-      job_depends_on: Build
-      shard: 2
-
-clone_script:
-- ps: git clone -q $("--branch=" + $Env:APPVEYOR_REPO_BRANCH) $("https://github.com/" + $Env:APPVEYOR_REPO_NAME + ".git") $Env:APPVEYOR_BUILD_FOLDER
-- ps: if (!$Env:APPVEYOR_PULL_REQUEST_NUMBER) {$("git checkout -qf " + $Env:APPVEYOR_REPO_COMMIT)}
-- ps: if ($Env:APPVEYOR_PULL_REQUEST_NUMBER) {git fetch -q origin +refs/pull/$($Env:APPVEYOR_PULL_REQUEST_NUMBER)/head; git checkout -qf FETCH_HEAD}
-
-clone_folder: C:\projects\src\electron
-
-skip_branch_with_pr: true
-
-# the first failed job cancels other jobs and fails entire build
-matrix:
-  fast_finish: true
-
-for:
-
-  - matrix:
-      only:
-        - job_name: Build
-
-    build_script:
-      - ps: |
-          node script/yarn.js install --frozen-lockfile
-          node script/doc-only-change.js --prNumber=$env:APPVEYOR_PULL_REQUEST_NUMBER
-          $env:SHOULD_SKIP_ARTIFACT_VALIDATION = "false"
-          if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) {
-            Write-warning "Skipping build for doc-only change"
-            $env:SHOULD_SKIP_ARTIFACT_VALIDATION = "true"
-            Exit-AppveyorBuild
-          } else {
-            $global:LASTEXITCODE = 0
-          }
-      - cd ..
-      - ps: Write-Host "Building $env:GN_CONFIG build"
-      - git config --global core.longpaths true
-      - ps: >-
-          if (Test-Path -Path "$pwd\depot_tools") {
-            Remove-Item -Recurse -Force $pwd\depot_tools
-          }
-      - ps: >-
-          if (Test-Path -Path "$pwd\build-tools") {
-            Remove-Item -Recurse -Force $pwd\build-tools
-          }
-      - git clone --depth=1 https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/tools/depot_tools.git
-      - ps: New-Item -Name depot_tools\.disable_auto_update -ItemType File
-      - depot_tools\bootstrap\win_tools.bat
-      - ps: |
-          Set-Content -Path $pwd\depot_tools\build_telemetry.cfg -Value '{"user": "info@electronjs.org", "status": "opt-out", "countdown": 10, "version": 1}'
-      - ps: $env:PATH="$pwd\depot_tools;$env:PATH"
-      - ps: >-
-          if (Test-Path -Path "$pwd\src\electron") {
-            Remove-Item -Recurse -Force $pwd\src\electron
-          }
-      - git clone https://github.com/electron/build-tools.git
-      - cd build-tools
-      - npx yarn --ignore-engines
-      - mkdir third_party
-      - ps: >-
-          node -e "require('./src/utils/reclient.js').downloadAndPrepare({})"
-      - ps: $env:RECLIENT_HELPER = node -p "require('./src/utils/reclient.js').helperPath({})"
-      - ps: >-
-          & $env:RECLIENT_HELPER login
-      - ps: >-
-          $env:RBE_service = node -e "console.log(require('./src/utils/reclient.js').serviceAddress)"
-      - ps: >-
-          $env:RBE_credentials_helper = $env:RECLIENT_HELPER
-      - ps: >-
-          $env:RBE_credentials_helper_args = "print"
-      - ps: >-
-          if ($env:ELECTRON_RBE_JWT -eq '') {
-            $env:RBE_fail_early_min_action_count = "0"
-            $env:RBE_fail_early_min_fallback_ratio = "0"
-          }
-      - cd ..\..
-      - ps: $env:CHROMIUM_BUILDTOOLS_PATH="$pwd\src\buildtools"
-      - ps: >-
-          if ($env:GN_CONFIG -ne 'release') {
-            $env:NINJA_STATUS="[%r processes, %f/%t @ %o/s : %es] "
-          }
-      - gclient config --name "src\electron" --unmanaged %GCLIENT_EXTRA_ARGS% "https://github.com/electron/electron"
-      # Patches are applied in the image bake. Check depshash to see if patches have changed.
-      - ps: $env:RUN_GCLIENT_SYNC="false"
-      - ps: $depshash_baked = Get-Content .\src\.depshash -Raw
-      - ps: cd src\electron
-      - ps: node script\generate-deps-hash.js
-      - ps: $depshash = Get-Content .\.depshash -Raw
-      - ps: cd ..\..
-      - ps: >-
-          if ($depshash_baked -ne $depshash) {
-            $env:RUN_GCLIENT_SYNC="true"
-          }
-      - if "%RUN_GCLIENT_SYNC%"=="true" ( gclient sync --with_branch_heads --with_tags ) else ( gclient runhooks )
-      - cd src
-      - ps: $env:PATH="$pwd\third_party\ninja;$env:PATH"
-      - set BUILD_CONFIG_PATH=//electron/build/args/%GN_CONFIG%.gn
-      - gn gen out/Default "--args=import(\"%BUILD_CONFIG_PATH%\") use_remoteexec=true %GN_EXTRA_ARGS% "
-      - gn check out/Default //electron:electron_lib
-      - gn check out/Default //electron:electron_app
-      - gn check out/Default //electron/shell/common:mojo
-      - gn check out/Default //electron/shell/common:plugin
-      - autoninja -j 300 -C out/Default electron:electron_app
-      - if "%GN_CONFIG%"=="testing" ( python C:\depot_tools\post_build_ninja_summary.py -C out\Default )
-      - gn gen out/ffmpeg "--args=import(\"//electron/build/args/ffmpeg.gn\") use_remoteexec=true %GN_EXTRA_ARGS%"
-      - autoninja -C out/ffmpeg electron:electron_ffmpeg_zip
-      - autoninja -C out/Default electron:electron_dist_zip
-      - gn desc out/Default v8:run_mksnapshot_default args > out/Default/default_mksnapshot_args
-      # Remove unused args from mksnapshot_args
-      - ps: >-
-          Get-Content out/Default/default_mksnapshot_args | Where-Object { -not $_.Contains('--turbo-profiling-input') -And -not $_.Contains('builtins-pgo') } | Set-Content out/Default/mksnapshot_args
-      - autoninja -C out/Default electron:electron_mksnapshot_zip
-      - cd out\Default
-      - 7z a mksnapshot.zip mksnapshot_args gen\v8\embedded.S
-      - cd ..\..
-      - autoninja -C out/Default electron:hunspell_dictionaries_zip
-      - autoninja -C out/Default electron:electron_chromedriver_zip
-      - autoninja -C out/Default electron:node_headers
-      - ps: >-
-          Get-CimInstance -Namespace root\cimv2 -Class Win32_product | Select vendor, description, @{l='install_location';e='InstallLocation'}, @{l='install_date';e='InstallDate'}, @{l='install_date_2';e='InstallDate2'}, caption, version, name, @{l='sku_number';e='SKUNumber'} | ConvertTo-Json | Out-File -Encoding utf8 -FilePath .\installed_software.json
-      - python3 electron/build/profile_toolchain.py --output-json=out/Default/windows_toolchain_profile.json
-      - 7z a node_headers.zip out\Default\gen\node_headers
-      - ps: >-
-          if ($env:GN_CONFIG -eq 'release') {
-            # Needed for msdia140.dll on 64-bit windows
-            $env:Path += ";$pwd\third_party\llvm-build\Release+Asserts\bin"
-          }
-      - if "%GN_CONFIG%"=="release" ( autoninja -C out/Default electron:electron_symbols )
-      - ps: >-
-          if ($env:GN_CONFIG -eq 'release') {
-            python3 electron\script\zip-symbols.py
-            appveyor-retry appveyor PushArtifact out/Default/symbols.zip
-          } else {
-            # It's useful to have pdb files when debugging testing builds that are
-            # built on CI.
-            7z a pdb.zip out\Default\*.pdb
-          }
-      - ps: |
-          if ($env:TARGET_ARCH -eq 'ia32') {
-            $env:MANIFEST_ARCH = "x86"
-          } else {
-            $env:MANIFEST_ARCH = $env:TARGET_ARCH
-          }
-          $manifest_file = "electron/script/zip_manifests/dist_zip.win.$env:MANIFEST_ARCH.manifest"
-          python3 electron/script/zip_manifests/check-zip-manifest.py out/Default/dist.zip $manifest_file
-          if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
-            throw "Zip contains files not listed in the manifest $manifest_file"
-          }
-      - ps: |
-          cd C:\projects\src
-          $missing_artifacts = $false
-          if ($env:SHOULD_SKIP_ARTIFACT_VALIDATION -eq 'true') {
-            Write-warning "Skipping artifact validation for doc-only $env:APPVEYOR_PROJECT_NAME"
-          } else {
-            $artifacts_to_validate = 'dist.zip','windows_toolchain_profile.json','chromedriver.zip','ffmpeg.zip','node_headers.zip','mksnapshot.zip','electron.lib','hunspell_dictionaries.zip'
-            foreach($artifact_name in $artifacts_to_validate) {
-              if ($artifact_name -eq 'ffmpeg.zip') {
-                $artifact_file = "out\ffmpeg\ffmpeg.zip"
-              } elseif (
-                $artifact_name -eq 'node_headers.zip') {
-                $artifact_file = $artifact_name
-              } else {
-                $artifact_file = "out\Default\$artifact_name"
-              }
-              if (-not(Test-Path $artifact_file)) {
-                Write-warning "$artifact_name is missing and cannot be added to artifacts"
-                $missing_artifacts = $true
-              }
-            }
-          }
-          if ($missing_artifacts) {
-            throw "Build failed due to missing artifacts"
-          }
-
-    deploy_script:
-      - cd electron
-      - ps: >-
-          if (Test-Path Env:\ELECTRON_RELEASE) {
-            if (Test-Path Env:\UPLOAD_TO_STORAGE) {
-              Write-Output "Uploading Electron release distribution to azure"
-              & python3 script\release\uploaders\upload.py --verbose --upload_to_storage
-            } else {
-              Write-Output "Uploading Electron release distribution to github releases"
-              & python3 script\release\uploaders\upload.py --verbose
-            }
-          }
-    on_finish:
-      # Uncomment this lines to enable RDP
-      # - ps: $blockRdp = $true; iex ((new-object net.webclient).DownloadString('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/appveyor/ci/master/scripts/enable-rdp.ps1'))
-      - cd C:\projects\src
-      - if exist out\Default\windows_toolchain_profile.json ( appveyor-retry appveyor PushArtifact out\Default\windows_toolchain_profile.json )
-      - if exist out\Default\dist.zip (appveyor-retry appveyor PushArtifact out\Default\dist.zip)
-      - if exist out\Default\chromedriver.zip (appveyor-retry appveyor PushArtifact out\Default\chromedriver.zip)
-      - if exist out\ffmpeg\ffmpeg.zip (appveyor-retry appveyor PushArtifact out\ffmpeg\ffmpeg.zip)
-      - if exist node_headers.zip (appveyor-retry appveyor PushArtifact node_headers.zip)
-      - if exist out\Default\mksnapshot.zip (appveyor-retry appveyor PushArtifact out\Default\mksnapshot.zip)
-      - if exist out\Default\hunspell_dictionaries.zip (appveyor-retry appveyor PushArtifact out\Default\hunspell_dictionaries.zip)
-      - if exist out\Default\electron.lib (appveyor-retry appveyor PushArtifact out\Default\electron.lib)        
-      - ps: >-
-          if ((Test-Path "pdb.zip") -And ($env:GN_CONFIG -ne 'release')) {
-            appveyor-retry appveyor PushArtifact pdb.zip
-          }
-  - matrix:
-      only:
-        - job_name: Test 1
-        - job_name: Test 2
-
-    environment:
-        DD_ENV: ci
-        DD_SERVICE: electron
-        DD_CIVISIBILITY_LOGS_ENABLED: true
-        DD_GIT_REPOSITORY_URL: "https://github.com/electron/electron.git"
-        ELECTRON_TEST_RESULTS_DIR: C:\projects\src\electron\junit
-
-    init:
-      - ps: |
-          if ($env:RUN_TESTS -ne 'true') {
-            Write-warning "Skipping tests for $env:APPVEYOR_PROJECT_NAME"; Exit-AppveyorBuild
-          }
-    build_script:
-      - ps: |
-          node script/yarn.js install --frozen-lockfile
-          node script/doc-only-change.js --prNumber=$env:APPVEYOR_PULL_REQUEST_NUMBER
-          if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) {
-            Write-warning "Skipping build for doc only change"
-            Exit-AppveyorBuild
-          } else {
-            $global:LASTEXITCODE = 0
-          }
-      - npm install -g @datadog/datadog-ci
-      - cd ..
-      - mkdir out\Default
-      - cd ..
-      - ps: |
-          # Download build artifacts
-          $apiUrl = 'https://ci.appveyor.com/api'
-          $build_info = Invoke-RestMethod -Method Get -Uri "$apiUrl/projects/$env:APPVEYOR_ACCOUNT_NAME/$env:APPVEYOR_PROJECT_SLUG/builds/$env:APPVEYOR_BUILD_ID"
-          $artifacts_to_download = @('dist.zip','chromedriver.zip','ffmpeg.zip','node_headers.zip','mksnapshot.zip','electron.lib')
-          foreach ($job in $build_info.build.jobs) {
-            if ($job.name -eq "Build") {
-              $jobId = $job.jobId
-              foreach($artifact_name in $artifacts_to_download) {
-                if ($artifact_name -eq 'electron.lib') {
-                  $outfile = "src\out\Default\$artifact_name"
-                } else {
-                  $outfile = $artifact_name
-                }
-                Invoke-RestMethod -Method Get -Uri "$apiUrl/buildjobs/$jobId/artifacts/$artifact_name" -OutFile $outfile
-              }
-              # Uncomment the following lines to download the pdb.zip to show real stacktraces when crashes happen during testing
-              Invoke-RestMethod -Method Get -Uri "$apiUrl/buildjobs/$jobId/artifacts/pdb.zip" -OutFile pdb.zip
-              7z x -y -osrc pdb.zip
-            }
-          }
-      - ps: |
-          $out_default_zips = @('dist.zip','chromedriver.zip','mksnapshot.zip')
-          foreach($zip_name in $out_default_zips) {
-            7z x -y -osrc\out\Default $zip_name
-          }
-      - ps: 7z x -y -osrc\out\ffmpeg ffmpeg.zip
-      - ps: 7z x -y -osrc node_headers.zip
-
-    test_script:
-      # Workaround for https://github.com/appveyor/ci/issues/2420
-      - set "PATH=%PATH%;C:\Program Files\Git\mingw64\libexec\git-core"
-      - ps: |
-          cd src
-          New-Item .\out\Default\gen\node_headers\Release -Type directory
-          Copy-Item -path .\out\Default\electron.lib -destination .\out\Default\gen\node_headers\Release\node.lib
-      - cd electron
-      # Explicitly set npm_config_arch because the .env doesn't persist
-      - ps: >-
-          if ($env:TARGET_ARCH -eq 'ia32') {
-            $env:npm_config_arch = "ia32"
-          }
-      - ps: $env:tests_files=node script\split-tests $env:shard 2
-      - echo "Running shard %shard% specs %tests_files%"
-      - echo Running main test suite & node script/yarn test -- --trace-uncaught --runners=main --enable-logging --files %tests_files%
-      - cd ..
-      - echo Verifying non proprietary ffmpeg & python electron\script\verify-ffmpeg.py --build-dir out\Default --source-root %cd% --ffmpeg-path out\ffmpeg
-      - echo "About to verify mksnapshot"
-      - echo Verifying mksnapshot & python electron\script\verify-mksnapshot.py --build-dir out\Default --source-root %cd%
-      - echo "Done verifying mksnapshot"
-      - echo Verifying chromedriver & python electron\script\verify-chromedriver.py --build-dir out\Default --source-root %cd%
-      - echo "Done verifying chromedriver"
-
-    on_finish:
-      # Uncomment these lines to enable RDP
-      # - ps: $blockRdp = $true; iex ((new-object net.webclient).DownloadString('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/appveyor/ci/master/scripts/enable-rdp.ps1'))
-      - if exist electron\junit\test-results-main.xml ( appveyor-retry appveyor PushArtifact electron\junit\test-results-main.xml )
-      - ps: |
-          if ($env:RUN_TESTS -eq 'true' -And $env:DD_API_KEY) {
-            $env:DD_GIT_COMMIT_SHA = $env:APPVEYOR_REPO_COMMIT
-            $env:DD_GIT_BRANCH = $env:APPVEYOR_PULL_REQUEST_HEAD_REPO_BRANCH
-            $env:DD_TAGS = "os.architecture:$env:TARGET_ARCH,os.family:windows,os.platform:win32"
-            if (Test-Path -Path "C:\projects\src\electron\junit\test-results-main.xml") {
-              C:\Users\appveyor\AppData\Roaming\npm\datadog-ci.ps1 junit upload --verbose C:\projects\src\electron\junit\test-results-main.xml
-            }
-          }

build/args/all.gn

@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ v8_enable_snapshot_native_code_counters = false
 v8_enable_javascript_promise_hooks = true
 
 enable_cdm_host_verification = false
-proprietary_codecs = true
 ffmpeg_branding = "Chrome"
+proprietary_codecs = true
 
 enable_printing = true
 
@@ -48,7 +48,8 @@ enable_cet_shadow_stack = false
 is_cfi = false
 
 # TODO: fix this once sysroots have been updated.
-use_qt = false
+use_qt5 = false
+use_qt6 = false
 
 # Disables the builtins PGO for V8
 v8_builtins_profiling_log_file = ""
@@ -65,11 +66,6 @@ v8_enable_private_mapping_fork_optimization = true
 # Expose public V8 symbols for native modules.
 v8_expose_public_symbols = true
 
-# Disables unsafe-buffers-usage plugin due to incompatibilities with our reclient implementation
-# Ref: https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/c/chromium/src/+/5426599
-# Ref: https://github.com/electron/electron/commit/8e20f16ea35eeaeb149ae63bad3703d782665f6a
-clang_unsafe_buffers_paths = ""
-
 # Disable snapshotting a page when printing for its content to be analyzed for
 # sensitive content by enterprise users.
 enterprise_cloud_content_analysis = false
@@ -78,5 +74,4 @@ enterprise_cloud_content_analysis = false
 # https://issues.chromium.org/issues/40943039
 content_enable_legacy_ipc = true
 
-# Electron has its own unsafe-buffers enforcement directories.
 clang_unsafe_buffers_paths = "//electron/electron_unsafe_buffers_paths.txt"

build/args/ffmpeg.gn

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-import("all.gn")
+import("//electron/build/args/all.gn")
 is_component_build = false
 is_component_ffmpeg = true
 is_official_build = true
-proprietary_codecs = false
 ffmpeg_branding = "Chromium"
 enable_dsyms = false
+proprietary_codecs = false

build/args/release.gn

@@ -1,14 +1,7 @@
-import("all.gn")
+import("//electron/build/args/all.gn")
 is_component_build = false
 is_official_build = true
 
-# This may be guarded behind is_chrome_branded alongside
-# proprietary_codecs https://webrtc-review.googlesource.com/c/src/+/36321,
-# explicitly override here to build OpenH264 encoder/FFmpeg decoder.
-# The initialization of the decoder depends on whether ffmpeg has
-# been built with H.264 support.
-rtc_use_h264 = proprietary_codecs
-
 # By default, Electron builds ffmpeg with proprietary codecs enabled. In order
 # to facilitate users who don't want to ship proprietary codecs in ffmpeg, or
 # who have an LGPL requirement to ship ffmpeg as a dynamically linked library,

build/args/testing.gn

@@ -1,14 +1,7 @@
-import("all.gn")
+import("//electron/build/args/all.gn")
 is_debug = false
 is_component_build = false
 is_component_ffmpeg = true
 is_official_build = false
 dcheck_always_on = true
 symbol_level = 1
-
-# This may be guarded behind is_chrome_branded alongside
-# proprietary_codecs https://webrtc-review.googlesource.com/c/src/+/36321,
-# explicitly override here to build OpenH264 encoder/FFmpeg decoder.
-# The initialization of the decoder depends on whether ffmpeg has
-# been built with H.264 support.
-rtc_use_h264 = proprietary_codecs

build/webpack/webpack.config.preload_realm.js

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+module.exports = require('./webpack.config.base')({
+  target: 'preload_realm',
+  alwaysHasNode: false,
+  wrapInitWithProfilingTimeout: true,
+  wrapInitWithTryCatch: true
+});

chromium_src/BUILD.gn

@@ -34,8 +34,6 @@ static_library("chrome") {
     "//chrome/browser/devtools/features.h",
     "//chrome/browser/devtools/visual_logging.cc",
     "//chrome/browser/devtools/visual_logging.h",
-    "//chrome/browser/extensions/global_shortcut_listener.cc",
-    "//chrome/browser/extensions/global_shortcut_listener.h",
     "//chrome/browser/file_system_access/file_system_access_features.cc",
     "//chrome/browser/file_system_access/file_system_access_features.h",
     "//chrome/browser/icon_loader.cc",
@@ -70,6 +68,8 @@ static_library("chrome") {
     "//chrome/browser/picture_in_picture/picture_in_picture_occlusion_tracker_observer.h",
     "//chrome/browser/picture_in_picture/picture_in_picture_window_manager.cc",
     "//chrome/browser/picture_in_picture/picture_in_picture_window_manager.h",
+    "//chrome/browser/picture_in_picture/picture_in_picture_window_manager_uma_helper.cc",
+    "//chrome/browser/picture_in_picture/picture_in_picture_window_manager_uma_helper.h",
     "//chrome/browser/picture_in_picture/scoped_picture_in_picture_occlusion_observation.cc",
     "//chrome/browser/picture_in_picture/scoped_picture_in_picture_occlusion_observation.h",
     "//chrome/browser/platform_util.cc",
@@ -146,6 +146,8 @@ static_library("chrome") {
     "//chrome/browser/ui/webui/accessibility/accessibility_ui.h",
     "//extensions/browser/app_window/size_constraints.cc",
     "//extensions/browser/app_window/size_constraints.h",
+    "//ui/base/accelerators/global_accelerator_listener/global_accelerator_listener.cc",
+    "//ui/base/accelerators/global_accelerator_listener/global_accelerator_listener.h",
     "//ui/views/native_window_tracker.h",
   ]
 
@@ -176,7 +178,6 @@ static_library("chrome") {
   }
 
   public_deps = [
-    "//chrome/browser:dev_ui_browser_resources",
     "//chrome/browser/resources/accessibility:resources",
     "//chrome/browser/ui/color:color_headers",
     "//chrome/browser/ui/color:mixers",
@@ -198,6 +199,7 @@ static_library("chrome") {
     "//chrome/browser/ui/webui/tab_search:mojo_bindings",
     "//chrome/browser/web_applications/mojom:mojom_web_apps_enum",
     "//components/enterprise/buildflags",
+    "//components/enterprise/common/proto:browser_events_proto",
     "//components/enterprise/common/proto:connectors_proto",
     "//components/enterprise/obfuscation/core:enterprise_obfuscation",
     "//components/safe_browsing/core/browser/db:safebrowsing_proto",
@@ -219,9 +221,9 @@ static_library("chrome") {
 
   if (is_linux) {
     sources += [
-      "//chrome/browser/extensions/global_shortcut_listener_linux.cc",
-      "//chrome/browser/extensions/global_shortcut_listener_linux.h",
       "//chrome/browser/icon_loader_auralinux.cc",
+      "//ui/base/accelerators/global_accelerator_listener/global_accelerator_listener_linux.cc",
+      "//ui/base/accelerators/global_accelerator_listener/global_accelerator_listener_linux.h",
     ]
     sources += [
       "//chrome/browser/ui/views/status_icons/concat_menu_model.cc",

docs/README.md

@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ an issue:
 ### Getting started
 
 * [Introduction](tutorial/introduction.md)
-* [Quick Start](tutorial/quick-start.md)
 * [Process Model](tutorial/process-model.md)
 
 ### Learning the basics
@@ -128,6 +127,7 @@ These individual tutorials expand on topics discussed in the guide above.
 * [pushNotifications](api/push-notifications.md)
 * [safeStorage](api/safe-storage.md)
 * [screen](api/screen.md)
+* [ServiceWorkerMain](api/service-worker-main.md)
 * [session](api/session.md)
 * [ShareMenu](api/share-menu.md)
 * [systemPreferences](api/system-preferences.md)

docs/api/app.md

@@ -1559,8 +1559,8 @@ command line arguments that Chromium uses.
 
 ### `app.dock` _macOS_ _Readonly_
 
-A [`Dock`](./dock.md) `| undefined` object that allows you to perform actions on your app icon in the user's
-dock on macOS.
+A `Dock | undefined` property ([`Dock`](./dock.md) on macOS, `undefined` on all other
+platforms) that allows you to perform actions on your app icon in the user's dock.
 
 ### `app.isPackaged` _Readonly_
 

docs/api/command-line-switches.md

@@ -313,6 +313,12 @@ Set the default value of the `verbatim` parameter in the Node.js [`dns.lookup()`
 
 The default is `verbatim` and `dns.setDefaultResultOrder()` have higher priority than `--dns-result-order`.
 
+### `--diagnostic-dir=directory`
+
+Set the directory to which all Node.js diagnostic output files are written. Defaults to current working directory.
+
+Affects the default output directory of [v8.setHeapSnapshotNearHeapLimit](https://nodejs.org/docs/latest/api/v8.html#v8setheapsnapshotnearheaplimitlimit).
+
 [app]: app.md
 [append-switch]: command-line.md#commandlineappendswitchswitch-value
 [debugging-main-process]: ../tutorial/debugging-main-process.md

docs/api/context-bridge.md

@@ -61,6 +61,20 @@ The `contextBridge` module has the following methods:
 * `apiKey` string - The key to inject the API onto `window` with.  The API will be accessible on `window[apiKey]`.
 * `api` any - Your API, more information on what this API can be and how it works is available below.
 
+### `contextBridge.executeInMainWorld(executionScript)` _Experimental_
+
+<!-- TODO(samuelmaddock): add generics to map the `args` types to the `func` params  -->
+
+* `executionScript` Object
+  * `func` (...args: any[]) => any - A JavaScript function to execute. This function will be serialized which means
+      that any bound parameters and execution context will be lost.
+  * `args` any[] (optional) - An array of arguments to pass to the provided function. These
+      arguments will be copied between worlds in accordance with
+      [the table of supported types.](#parameter--error--return-type-support)
+
+Returns `any` - A copy of the resulting value from executing the function in the main world.
+[Refer to the table](#parameter--error--return-type-support) on how values are copied between worlds.
+
 ## Usage
 
 ### API

docs/api/global-shortcut.md

@@ -12,9 +12,17 @@ shortcuts.
 not have the keyboard focus. This module cannot be used before the `ready`
 event of the app module is emitted.
 
+Please also note that it is also possible to use Chromium's
+`GlobalShortcutsPortal` implementation, which allows apps to bind global
+shortcuts when running within a Wayland session.
+
 ```js
 const { app, globalShortcut } = require('electron')
 
+// Enable usage of Portal's globalShortcuts. This is essential for cases when
+// the app runs in a Wayland session.
+app.commandLine.appendSwitch('enable-features', 'GlobalShortcutsPortal')
+
 app.whenReady().then(() => {
   // Register a 'CommandOrControl+X' shortcut listener.
   const ret = globalShortcut.register('CommandOrControl+X', () => {

docs/api/in-app-purchase.md

@@ -10,13 +10,13 @@ The `inAppPurchase` module emits the following events:
 
 ### Event: 'transactions-updated'
 
-Emitted when one or more transactions have been updated.
-
 Returns:
 
 * `event` Event
 * `transactions` Transaction[] - Array of [`Transaction`](structures/transaction.md) objects.
 
+Emitted when one or more transactions have been updated.
+
 ## Methods
 
 The `inAppPurchase` module has the following methods:

docs/api/ipc-main-service-worker.md

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+## Class: IpcMainServiceWorker
+
+> Communicate asynchronously from the main process to service workers.
+
+Process: [Main](../glossary.md#main-process)
+
+> [!NOTE]
+> This API is a subtle variation of [`IpcMain`](ipc-main.md)—targeted for
+> communicating with service workers. For communicating with web frames,
+> consult the `IpcMain` documentation.
+
+<!-- TODO(samuelmaddock): refactor doc gen to allow generics to reduce duplication -->
+
+### Instance Methods
+
+#### `ipcMainServiceWorker.on(channel, listener)`
+
+* `channel` string
+* `listener` Function
+  * `event` [IpcMainServiceWorkerEvent][ipc-main-service-worker-event]
+  * `...args` any[]
+
+Listens to `channel`, when a new message arrives `listener` would be called with
+`listener(event, args...)`.
+
+#### `ipcMainServiceWorker.once(channel, listener)`
+
+* `channel` string
+* `listener` Function
+  * `event` [IpcMainServiceWorkerEvent][ipc-main-service-worker-event]
+  * `...args` any[]
+
+Adds a one time `listener` function for the event. This `listener` is invoked
+only the next time a message is sent to `channel`, after which it is removed.
+
+#### `ipcMainServiceWorker.removeListener(channel, listener)`
+
+* `channel` string
+* `listener` Function
+  * `...args` any[]
+
+Removes the specified `listener` from the listener array for the specified
+`channel`.
+
+#### `ipcMainServiceWorker.removeAllListeners([channel])`
+
+* `channel` string (optional)
+
+Removes listeners of the specified `channel`.
+
+#### `ipcMainServiceWorker.handle(channel, listener)`
+
+* `channel` string
+* `listener` Function\<Promise\<any\> | any\>
+  * `event` [IpcMainServiceWorkerInvokeEvent][ipc-main-service-worker-invoke-event]
+  * `...args` any[]
+
+#### `ipcMainServiceWorker.handleOnce(channel, listener)`
+
+* `channel` string
+* `listener` Function\<Promise\<any\> | any\>
+  * `event` [IpcMainServiceWorkerInvokeEvent][ipc-main-service-worker-invoke-event]
+  * `...args` any[]
+
+Handles a single `invoke`able IPC message, then removes the listener. See
+`ipcMainServiceWorker.handle(channel, listener)`.
+
+#### `ipcMainServiceWorker.removeHandler(channel)`
+
+* `channel` string
+
+Removes any handler for `channel`, if present.
+
+[ipc-main-service-worker-event]:../api/structures/ipc-main-service-worker-event.md
+[ipc-main-service-worker-invoke-event]:../api/structures/ipc-main-service-worker-invoke-event.md

docs/api/ipc-renderer.md

@@ -41,6 +41,16 @@ The `ipcRenderer` module has the following method to listen for events and send
 Listens to `channel`, when a new message arrives `listener` would be called with
 `listener(event, args...)`.
 
+:::warning
+Do not expose the `event` argument to the renderer for security reasons! Wrap any
+callback that you receive from the renderer in another function like this:
+`ipcRenderer.on('my-channel', (event, ...args) => callback(...args))`.
+Not wrapping the callback in such a function would expose dangerous Electron APIs
+to the renderer process. See the
+[security guide](../tutorial/security.md#20-do-not-expose-electron-apis-to-untrusted-web-content)
+for more info.
+:::
+
 ### `ipcRenderer.off(channel, listener)`
 
 * `channel` string

docs/api/navigation-history.md

@@ -5,7 +5,16 @@
 Process: [Main](../glossary.md#main-process)<br />
 _This class is not exported from the `'electron'` module. It is only available as a return value of other methods in the Electron API._
 
-Each navigation entry corresponds to a specific page. The indexing system follows a sequential order, where the first available navigation entry is at index 0, representing the earliest visited page, and the latest navigation entry is at index N, representing the most recent page. Maintaining this ordered list of navigation entries enables seamless navigation both backward and forward through the user's browsing history.
+Each [NavigationEntry](./structures/navigation-entry.md) corresponds to a specific visited page.
+The indexing system follows a sequential order, where the entry for the earliest visited
+page is at index 0 and the entry for the most recent visited page is at index N.
+
+Some APIs in this class also accept an _offset_, which is an integer representing the relative
+position of an index from the current entry according to the above indexing system (i.e. an offset
+value of `1` would represent going forward in history by one page).
+
+Maintaining this ordered list of navigation entries enables seamless navigation both backward and
+forward through the user's browsing history.
 
 ### Instance Methods
 
@@ -21,7 +30,7 @@ Returns `boolean` - Whether the browser can go forward to next web page.
 
 * `offset` Integer
 
-Returns `boolean` - Whether the web page can go to the specified `offset` from the current entry.
+Returns `boolean` - Whether the web page can go to the specified relative `offset` from the current entry.
 
 #### `navigationHistory.clear()`
 
@@ -57,7 +66,7 @@ Navigates browser to the specified absolute web page index.
 
 * `offset` Integer
 
-Navigates to the specified offset from the current entry.
+Navigates to the specified relative offset from the current entry.
 
 #### `navigationHistory.length()`
 
@@ -74,3 +83,22 @@ Returns `boolean` - Whether the navigation entry was removed from the webContent
 #### `navigationHistory.getAllEntries()`
 
 Returns [`NavigationEntry[]`](structures/navigation-entry.md) - WebContents complete history.
+
+#### `navigationHistory.restore(options)`
+
+Restores navigation history and loads the given entry in the in stack. Will make a best effort
+to restore not just the navigation stack but also the state of the individual pages - for instance
+including HTML form values or the scroll position. It's recommended to call this API before any
+navigation entries are created, so ideally before you call `loadURL()` or `loadFile()` on the
+`webContents` object.
+
+This API allows you to create common flows that aim to restore, recreate, or clone other webContents.
+
+* `options` Object
+  * `entries` [NavigationEntry[]](structures/navigation-entry.md) - Result of a prior `getAllEntries()` call
+  * `index` Integer (optional) - Index of the stack that should be loaded. If you set it to `0`, the webContents will load the first (oldest) entry. If you leave it undefined, Electron will automatically load the last (newest) entry.
+
+Returns `Promise<void>` - the promise will resolve when the page has finished loading the selected navigation entry
+(see [`did-finish-load`](web-contents.md#event-did-finish-load)), and rejects
+if the page fails to load (see
+[`did-fail-load`](web-contents.md#event-did-fail-load)). A noop rejection handler is already attached, which avoids unhandled rejection errors.

docs/api/power-monitor.md

@@ -26,7 +26,10 @@ Emitted when system changes to battery power.
 
 ### Event: 'thermal-state-change' _macOS_
 
-* `state` string - The system's new thermal state. Can be `unknown`, `nominal`, `fair`, `serious`, `critical`.
+Returns:
+
+* `details` Event\<\>
+  * `state` string - The system's new thermal state. Can be `unknown`, `nominal`, `fair`, `serious`, `critical`.
 
 Emitted when the thermal state of the system changes. Notification of a change
 in the thermal status of the system, such as entering a critical temperature
@@ -44,7 +47,8 @@ See https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/Performance/Concep
 
 Returns:
 
-* `limit` number - The operating system's advertised speed limit for CPUs, in percent.
+* `details` Event\<\>
+  * `limit` number - The operating system's advertised speed limit for CPUs, in percent.
 
 Notification of a change in the operating system's advertised speed limit for
 CPUs, in percent. Values below 100 indicate that the system is impairing

docs/api/process.md

@@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ A `string` representing the current process's type, can be:
 
 * `browser` - The main process
 * `renderer` - A renderer process
+* `service-worker` - In a service worker
 * `worker` - In a web worker
 * `utility` - In a node process launched as a service
 

docs/api/service-worker-main.md

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+# ServiceWorkerMain
+
+> An instance of a Service Worker representing a version of a script for a given scope.
+
+Process: [Main](../glossary.md#main-process)
+
+## Class: ServiceWorkerMain
+
+Process: [Main](../glossary.md#main-process)<br />
+_This class is not exported from the `'electron'` module. It is only available as a return value of other methods in the Electron API._
+
+### Instance Methods
+
+#### `serviceWorker.isDestroyed()` _Experimental_
+
+Returns `boolean` - Whether the service worker has been destroyed.
+
+#### `serviceWorker.send(channel, ...args)` _Experimental_
+
+- `channel` string
+- `...args` any[]
+
+Send an asynchronous message to the service worker process via `channel`, along with
+arguments. Arguments will be serialized with the [Structured Clone Algorithm][SCA],
+just like [`postMessage`][], so prototype chains will not be included.
+Sending Functions, Promises, Symbols, WeakMaps, or WeakSets will throw an exception.
+
+The service worker process can handle the message by listening to `channel` with the
+[`ipcRenderer`](ipc-renderer.md) module.
+
+#### `serviceWorker.startTask()` _Experimental_
+
+Returns `Object`:
+
+- `end` Function - Method to call when the task has ended. If never called, the service won't terminate while otherwise idle.
+
+Initiate a task to keep the service worker alive until ended.
+
+### Instance Properties
+
+#### `serviceWorker.ipc` _Readonly_ _Experimental_
+
+An [`IpcMainServiceWorker`](ipc-main-service-worker.md) instance scoped to the service worker.
+
+#### `serviceWorker.scope` _Readonly_ _Experimental_
+
+A `string` representing the scope URL of the service worker.
+
+#### `serviceWorker.versionId` _Readonly_ _Experimental_
+
+A `number` representing the ID of the specific version of the service worker script in its scope.
+
+[SCA]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Web_Workers_API/Structured_clone_algorithm
+[`postMessage`]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/postMessage

docs/api/service-workers.md

@@ -56,6 +56,17 @@ Returns:
 
 Emitted when a service worker has been registered. Can occur after a call to [`navigator.serviceWorker.register('/sw.js')`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/ServiceWorkerContainer/register) successfully resolves or when a Chrome extension is loaded.
 
+#### Event: 'running-status-changed' _Experimental_
+
+Returns:
+
+* `details` Event\<\>
+  * `versionId` number - ID of the updated service worker version
+  * `runningStatus` string - Running status.
+    Possible values include `starting`, `running`, `stopping`, or `stopped`.
+
+Emitted when a service worker's running status has changed.
+
 ### Instance Methods
 
 The following methods are available on instances of `ServiceWorkers`:
@@ -64,10 +75,55 @@ The following methods are available on instances of `ServiceWorkers`:
 
 Returns `Record<number, ServiceWorkerInfo>` - A [ServiceWorkerInfo](structures/service-worker-info.md) object where the keys are the service worker version ID and the values are the information about that service worker.
 
-#### `serviceWorkers.getFromVersionID(versionId)`
+#### `serviceWorkers.getInfoFromVersionID(versionId)`
 
-* `versionId` number
+* `versionId` number - ID of the service worker version
 
 Returns [`ServiceWorkerInfo`](structures/service-worker-info.md) - Information about this service worker
 
 If the service worker does not exist or is not running this method will throw an exception.
+
+#### `serviceWorkers.getFromVersionID(versionId)` _Deprecated_
+
+* `versionId` number - ID of the service worker version
+
+Returns [`ServiceWorkerInfo`](structures/service-worker-info.md) - Information about this service worker
+
+If the service worker does not exist or is not running this method will throw an exception.
+
+**Deprecated:** Use the new `serviceWorkers.getInfoFromVersionID` API.
+
+#### `serviceWorkers.getWorkerFromVersionID(versionId)` _Experimental_
+
+* `versionId` number - ID of the service worker version
+
+Returns [`ServiceWorkerMain | undefined`](service-worker-main.md) - Instance of the service worker associated with the given version ID. If there's no associated version, or its running status has changed to 'stopped', this will return `undefined`.
+
+#### `serviceWorkers.startWorkerForScope(scope)` _Experimental_
+
+* `scope` string - The scope of the service worker to start.
+
+Returns `Promise<ServiceWorkerMain>` - Resolves with the service worker when it's started.
+
+Starts the service worker or does nothing if already running.
+
+```js
+const { app, session } = require('electron')
+const { serviceWorkers } = session.defaultSession
+
+// Collect service workers scopes
+const workerScopes = Object.values(serviceWorkers.getAllRunning()).map((info) => info.scope)
+
+app.on('browser-window-created', async (event, window) => {
+  for (const scope of workerScopes) {
+    try {
+      // Ensure worker is started
+      const serviceWorker = await serviceWorkers.startWorkerForScope(scope)
+      serviceWorker.send('window-created', { windowId: window.id })
+    } catch (error) {
+      console.error(`Failed to start service worker for ${scope}`)
+      console.error(error)
+    }
+  }
+})
+```

docs/api/session.md

@@ -933,6 +933,7 @@ session.fromPartition('some-partition').setPermissionRequestHandler((webContents
     * `storage-access` - Allows content loaded in a third-party context to request access to third-party cookies using the [Storage Access API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Storage_Access_API).
     * `top-level-storage-access` -  Allow top-level sites to request third-party cookie access on behalf of embedded content originating from another site in the same related website set using the [Storage Access API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Storage_Access_API).
     * `usb` - Expose non-standard Universal Serial Bus (USB) compatible devices services to the web with the [WebUSB API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/WebUSB_API).
+    * `deprecated-sync-clipboard-read` _Deprecated_ - Request access to run `document.execCommand("paste")`
   * `requestingOrigin` string - The origin URL of the permission check
   * `details` Object - Some properties are only available on certain permission types.
     * `embeddingOrigin` string (optional) - The origin of the frame embedding the frame that made the permission check.  Only set for cross-origin sub frames making permission checks.
@@ -1330,18 +1331,43 @@ the initial state will be `interrupted`. The download will start only when the
 
 Returns `Promise<void>` - resolves when the session’s HTTP authentication cache has been cleared.
 
-#### `ses.setPreloads(preloads)`
+#### `ses.setPreloads(preloads)` _Deprecated_
 
 * `preloads` string[] - An array of absolute path to preload scripts
 
 Adds scripts that will be executed on ALL web contents that are associated with
 this session just before normal `preload` scripts run.
 
-#### `ses.getPreloads()`
+**Deprecated:** Use the new `ses.registerPreloadScript` API.
+
+#### `ses.getPreloads()` _Deprecated_
 
 Returns `string[]` an array of paths to preload scripts that have been
 registered.
 
+**Deprecated:** Use the new `ses.getPreloadScripts` API. This will only return preload script paths
+for `frame` context types.
+
+#### `ses.registerPreloadScript(script)`
+
+* `script` [PreloadScriptRegistration](structures/preload-script-registration.md) - Preload script
+
+Registers preload script that will be executed in its associated context type in this session. For
+`frame` contexts, this will run prior to any preload defined in the web preferences of a
+WebContents.
+
+Returns `string` - The ID of the registered preload script.
+
+#### `ses.unregisterPreloadScript(id)`
+
+* `id` string - Preload script ID
+
+Unregisters script.
+
+#### `ses.getPreloadScripts()`
+
+Returns [`PreloadScript[]`](structures/preload-script.md): An array of paths to preload scripts that have been registered.
+
 #### `ses.setCodeCachePath(path)`
 
 * `path` String - Absolute path to store the v8 generated JS code cache from the renderer.

docs/api/structures/base-window-options.md

@@ -97,9 +97,10 @@
   * `height` Integer (optional) - The height of the title bar and Window Controls Overlay in pixels. Default is system height.
 * `trafficLightPosition` [Point](point.md) (optional) _macOS_ -
   Set a custom position for the traffic light buttons in frameless windows.
-* `roundedCorners` boolean (optional) _macOS_ - Whether frameless window
-  should have rounded corners on macOS. Default is `true`. Setting this property
-  to `false` will prevent the window from being fullscreenable.
+* `roundedCorners` boolean (optional) _macOS_ _Windows_ - Whether frameless window
+  should have rounded corners. Default is `true`. Setting this property
+  to `false` will prevent the window from being fullscreenable on macOS.
+  On Windows versions older than Windows 11 Build 22000 this property has no effect, and frameless windows will not have rounded corners.
 * `thickFrame` boolean (optional) - Use `WS_THICKFRAME` style for frameless windows on
   Windows, which adds standard window frame. Setting it to `false` will remove
   window shadow and window animations. Default is `true`.
@@ -149,7 +150,7 @@ Possible values are:
     focus, keyboard or mouse events, but you can use `globalShortcut` to receive
     input sparingly.
   * The `panel` type enables the window to float on top of full-screened apps
-    by adding the `NSWindowStyleMaskNonactivatingPanel` style mask,normally
+    by adding the `NSWindowStyleMaskNonactivatingPanel` style mask, normally
     reserved for NSPanel, at runtime. Also, the window will appear on all
     spaces (desktops).
 * On Windows, possible type is `toolbar`.

docs/api/structures/display.md

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 * `colorDepth` number - The number of bits per pixel.
 * `colorSpace` string -  represent a color space (three-dimensional object which contains all realizable color combinations) for the purpose of color conversions.
 * `depthPerComponent` number - The number of bits per color component.
-* `detected` boolean - `true`` if the display is detected by the system.
+* `detected` boolean - `true` if the display is detected by the system.
 * `displayFrequency` number - The display refresh rate.
 * `id` number - Unique identifier associated with the display. A value of of -1 means the display is invalid or the correct `id` is not yet known, and a value of -10 means the display is a virtual display assigned to a unified desktop.
 * `internal` boolean - `true` for an internal display and `false` for an external display.

docs/api/structures/ipc-main-event.md

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 # IpcMainEvent Object extends `Event`
 
+* `type` String - Possible values include `frame`
 * `processId` Integer - The internal ID of the renderer process that sent this message
 * `frameId` Integer - The ID of the renderer frame that sent this message
 * `returnValue` any - Set this to the value to be returned in a synchronous message

docs/api/structures/ipc-main-invoke-event.md

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 # IpcMainInvokeEvent Object extends `Event`
 
+* `type` String - Possible values include `frame`
 * `processId` Integer - The internal ID of the renderer process that sent this message
 * `frameId` Integer - The ID of the renderer frame that sent this message
 * `sender` [WebContents](../web-contents.md) - Returns the `webContents` that sent the message

docs/api/structures/ipc-main-service-worker-event.md

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# IpcMainServiceWorkerEvent Object extends `Event`
+
+* `type` String - Possible values include `service-worker`.
+* `serviceWorker` [ServiceWorkerMain](../service-worker-main.md) _Readonly_ - The service worker that sent this message
+* `versionId` Number - The service worker version ID.
+* `session` Session - The [`Session`](../session.md) instance with which the event is associated.
+* `returnValue` any - Set this to the value to be returned in a synchronous message
+* `ports` [MessagePortMain](../message-port-main.md)[] - A list of MessagePorts that were transferred with this message
+* `reply` Function - A function that will send an IPC message to the renderer frame that sent the original message that you are currently handling.  You should use this method to "reply" to the sent message in order to guarantee the reply will go to the correct process and frame.
+  * `channel` string
+  * `...args` any[]

docs/api/structures/ipc-main-service-worker-invoke-event.md

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# IpcMainServiceWorkerInvokeEvent Object extends `Event`
+
+* `type` String - Possible values include `service-worker`.
+* `serviceWorker` [ServiceWorkerMain](../service-worker-main.md) _Readonly_ - The service worker that sent this message
+* `versionId` Number - The service worker version ID.
+* `session` Session - The [`Session`](../session.md) instance with which the event is associated.

docs/api/structures/navigation-entry.md

@@ -2,3 +2,6 @@
 
 * `url` string
 * `title` string
+* `pageState` string (optional) - A base64 encoded data string containing Chromium page state
+  including information like the current scroll position or form values. It is committed by
+  Chromium before a navigation event and on a regular interval.

docs/api/structures/preload-script-registration.md

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# PreloadScriptRegistration Object
+
+* `type` string - Context type where the preload script will be executed.
+  Possible values include `frame` or `service-worker`.
+* `id` string (optional) - Unique ID of preload script. Defaults to a random UUID.
+* `filePath` string - Path of the script file. Must be an absolute path.

docs/api/structures/preload-script.md

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# PreloadScript Object
+
+* `type` string - Context type where the preload script will be executed.
+  Possible values include `frame` or `service-worker`.
+* `id` string - Unique ID of preload script.
+* `filePath` string - Path of the script file. Must be an absolute path.

docs/api/structures/service-worker-info.md

@@ -3,3 +3,4 @@
 * `scriptUrl` string - The full URL to the script that this service worker runs
 * `scope` string - The base URL that this service worker is active for.
 * `renderProcessId` number - The virtual ID of the process that this service worker is running in.  This is not an OS level PID.  This aligns with the ID set used for `webContents.getProcessId()`.
+* `versionId` number - ID of the service worker version

docs/api/structures/web-preferences.md

@@ -148,6 +148,7 @@
   this will cause the `preferred-size-changed` event to be emitted on the
   `WebContents` when the preferred size changes. Default is `false`.
 * `transparent` boolean (optional) - Whether to enable background transparency for the guest page. Default is `true`. **Note:** The guest page's text and background colors are derived from the [color scheme](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color-scheme) of its root element. When transparency is enabled, the text color will still change accordingly but the background will remain transparent.
+* `enableDeprecatedPaste` boolean (optional) _Deprecated_ - Whether to enable the `paste` [execCommand](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Document/execCommand). Default is `false`.
 
 [chrome-content-scripts]: https://developer.chrome.com/extensions/content_scripts#execution-environment
 [runtime-enabled-features]: https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/main:third_party/blink/renderer/platform/runtime_enabled_features.json5

docs/api/structures/web-request-filter.md

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # WebRequestFilter Object
 
-* `urls` string[] - Array of [URL patterns](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Mozilla/Add-ons/WebExtensions/Match_patterns) that will be used to filter out the requests that do not match the URL patterns.
-* `types` String[] (optional) - Array of types that will be used to filter out the requests that do not match the types. When not specified, all types will be matched. Can be `mainFrame`, `subFrame`, `stylesheet`, `script`, `image`, `font`, `object`, `xhr`, `ping`, `cspReport`, `media` or `webSocket`.
+* `urls` string[] - Array of [URL patterns](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Mozilla/Add-ons/WebExtensions/Match_patterns) used to include requests that match these patterns. Use the pattern `<all_urls>` to match all URLs.
+* `excludeUrls` string[] (optional) - Array of [URL patterns](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Mozilla/Add-ons/WebExtensions/Match_patterns) used to exclude requests that match these patterns.
+* `types` string[] (optional) - Array of types that will be used to filter out the requests that do not match the types. When not specified, all types will be matched. Can be `mainFrame`, `subFrame`, `stylesheet`, `script`, `image`, `font`, `object`, `xhr`, `ping`, `cspReport`, `media` or `webSocket`.

docs/api/system-preferences.md

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ Process: [Main](../glossary.md#main-process), [Utility](../glossary.md#utility-p
 
 ```js
 const { systemPreferences } = require('electron')
-console.log(systemPreferences.isAeroGlassEnabled())
+console.log(systemPreferences.getEffectiveAppearance())
 ```
 
 ## Events
@@ -181,35 +181,13 @@ Some popular `key` and `type`s are:
 Removes the `key` in `NSUserDefaults`. This can be used to restore the default
 or global value of a `key` previously set with `setUserDefault`.
 
-### `systemPreferences.isAeroGlassEnabled()` _Windows_
+### `systemPreferences.isAeroGlassEnabled()` _Windows_ _Deprecated_
 
 Returns `boolean` - `true` if [DWM composition][dwm-composition] (Aero Glass) is
 enabled, and `false` otherwise.
 
-An example of using it to determine if you should create a transparent window or
-not (transparent windows won't work correctly when DWM composition is disabled):
-
-```js
-const { BrowserWindow, systemPreferences } = require('electron')
-const browserOptions = { width: 1000, height: 800 }
-
-// Make the window transparent only if the platform supports it.
-if (process.platform !== 'win32' || systemPreferences.isAeroGlassEnabled()) {
-  browserOptions.transparent = true
-  browserOptions.frame = false
-}
-
-// Create the window.
-const win = new BrowserWindow(browserOptions)
-
-// Navigate.
-if (browserOptions.transparent) {
-  win.loadFile('index.html')
-} else {
-  // No transparency, so we load a fallback that uses basic styles.
-  win.loadFile('fallback.html')
-}
-```
+**Deprecated:**
+This function has been always returning `true` since Electron 23, which only supports Windows 10+.
 
 [dwm-composition]: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/dwm/composition-ovw
 

docs/api/view.md

@@ -106,6 +106,12 @@ Examples of valid `color` values:
 
 * `visible` boolean - If false, the view will be hidden from display.
 
+#### `view.getVisible()`
+
+Returns `boolean` - Whether the view should be drawn. Note that this is
+different from whether the view is visible on screen—it may still be obscured
+or out of view.
+
 ### Instance Properties
 
 Objects created with `new View` have the following properties:

docs/api/web-request.md

@@ -73,6 +73,7 @@ The `callback` has to be called with an `response` object.
 Some examples of valid `urls`:
 
 ```js
+'<all_urls>'
 'http://foo:1234/'
 'http://foo.com/'
 'http://foo:1234/bar'

docs/breaking-changes.md

@@ -14,6 +14,50 @@ This document uses the following convention to categorize breaking changes:
 
 ## Planned Breaking API Changes (35.0)
 
+### Behavior Changed: Dialog API's `defaultPath` option on Linux
+
+On Linux, the required portal version for file dialogs has been reverted
+to 3 from 4. Using the `defaultPath` option of the Dialog API is not
+supported when using portal file chooser dialogs unless the portal
+backend is version 4 or higher. The `--xdg-portal-required-version`
+[command-line switch](/api/command-line-switches.md#--xdg-portal-required-versionversion)
+can be used to force a required version for your application.
+See [#44426](https://github.com/electron/electron/pull/44426) for more details.
+
+### Deprecated: `setPreloads`, `getPreloads` on `Session`
+
+`registerPreloadScript`, `unregisterPreloadScript`, and `getPreloadScripts` are introduced as a
+replacement for the deprecated methods. These new APIs allow third-party libraries to register
+preload scripts without replacing existing scripts. Also, the new `type` option allows for
+additional preload targets beyond `frame`.
+
+```js
+// Deprecated
+session.setPreloads([path.join(__dirname, 'preload.js')])
+
+// Replace with:
+session.registerPreloadScript({
+  type: 'frame',
+  id: 'app-preload',
+  filePath: path.join(__dirname, 'preload.js')
+})
+```
+
+### Deprecated: `getFromVersionID` on `session.serviceWorkers`
+
+The `session.serviceWorkers.fromVersionID(versionId)` API has been deprecated
+in favor of `session.serviceWorkers.getInfoFromVersionID(versionId)`. This was
+changed to make it more clear which object is returned with the introduction
+of the `session.serviceWorkers.getWorkerFromVersionID(versionId)` API.
+
+```js
+// Deprecated
+session.serviceWorkers.fromVersionID(versionId)
+
+// Replace with
+session.serviceWorkers.getInfoFromVersionID(versionId)
+```
+
 ### Deprecated: `level`, `message`, `line`, and `sourceId` arguments in `console-message` event on `WebContents`
 
 The `console-message` event on `WebContents` has been updated to provide details on the `Event`
@@ -29,6 +73,29 @@ webContents.on('console-message', ({ level, message, lineNumber, sourceId, frame
 
 Additionally, `level` is now a string with possible values of `info`, `warning`, `error`, and `debug`.
 
+### Behavior Changed: `urls` property of `WebRequestFilter`.
+
+Previously, an empty urls array was interpreted as including all URLs. To explicitly include all URLs, developers should now use the `<all_urls>` pattern, which is a [designated URL pattern](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Mozilla/Add-ons/WebExtensions/Match_patterns#all_urls) that matches every possible URL. This change clarifies the intent and ensures more predictable behavior.
+
+```js
+// Deprecated
+const deprecatedFilter = {
+  urls: []
+}
+
+// Replace with
+const newFilter = {
+  urls: ['<all_urls>']
+}
+```
+
+### Deprecated: `systemPreferences.isAeroGlassEnabled()`
+
+The `systemPreferences.isAeroGlassEnabled()` function has been deprecated without replacement.
+It has been always returning `true` since Electron 23, which only supports Windows 10+, where DWM composition can no longer be disabled.
+
+https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/dwm/composition-ovw#disabling-dwm-composition-windows7-and-earlier
+
 ## Planned Breaking API Changes (34.0)
 
 ### Behavior Changed: menu bar will be hidden during fullscreen on Windows
@@ -39,6 +106,15 @@ This brings the behavior to parity with Linux. Prior behavior: Menu bar is still
 
 ## Planned Breaking API Changes (33.0)
 
+### Deprecated: `document.execCommand("paste")`
+
+The synchronous clipboard read API [document.execCommand("paste")](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Mozilla/Add-ons/WebExtensions/Interact_with_the_clipboard) has been
+deprecated in favor of [async clipboard API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Clipboard_API). This is to align with the browser defaults.
+
+The `enableDeprecatedPaste` option on `WebPreferences` that triggers the permission
+checks for this API and the associated permission type `deprecated-sync-clipboard-read`
+are also deprecated.
+
 ### Behavior Changed: frame properties may retrieve detached WebFrameMain instances or none at all
 
 APIs which provide access to a `WebFrameMain` instance may return an instance
@@ -56,15 +132,15 @@ immediately upon being received. Otherwise, it's not guaranteed to point to the
 same webpage as when received. To avoid misaligned expectations, Electron will
 return `null` in the case of late access where the webpage has changed.
 
-```ts
+```js
 ipcMain.on('unload-event', (event) => {
-  event.senderFrame; // ✅ accessed immediately
-});
+  event.senderFrame // ✅ accessed immediately
+})
 
 ipcMain.on('unload-event', async (event) => {
-  await crossOriginNavigationPromise;
-  event.senderFrame; // ❌ returns `null` due to late access
-});
+  await crossOriginNavigationPromise
+  event.senderFrame // ❌ returns `null` due to late access
+})
 ```
 
 ### Behavior Changed: custom protocol URL handling on Windows
@@ -111,6 +187,16 @@ macOS 10.15 (Catalina) is no longer supported by [Chromium](https://chromium-rev
 Older versions of Electron will continue to run on Catalina, but macOS 11 (Big Sur)
 or later will be required to run Electron v33.0.0 and higher.
 
+### Behavior Changed: Native modules now require C++20
+
+Due to changes made upstream, both
+[V8](https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/c/v8/v8/+/5587859) and
+[Node.js](https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/45427) now require C++20 as a
+minimum version. Developers using native node modules should build their
+modules with `--std=c++20` rather than `--std=c++17`. Images using gcc9 or
+lower may need to update to gcc10 in order to compile. See
+[#43555](https://github.com/electron/electron/pull/43555) for more details.
+
 ### Deprecated: `systemPreferences.accessibilityDisplayShouldReduceTransparency`
 
 The `systemPreferences.accessibilityDisplayShouldReduceTransparency` property is now deprecated in favor of the new `nativeTheme.prefersReducedTransparency`, which provides identical information and works cross-platform.
@@ -182,6 +268,14 @@ win.webContents.navigationHistory.canGoToOffset()
 win.webContents.navigationHistory.goToOffset(index)
 ```
 
+### Behavior changed: Directory `databases` in `userData` will be deleted
+
+If you have a directory called `databases` in the directory returned by
+`app.getPath('userData')`, it will be deleted when Electron 32 is first run.
+The `databases` directory was used by WebSQL, which was removed in Electron 31.
+Chromium now performs a cleanup that deletes this directory. See
+[issue #45396](https://github.com/electron/electron/issues/45396).
+
 ## Planned Breaking API Changes (31.0)
 
 ### Removed: `WebSQL` support

docs/development/api-history-migration-guide.md

@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ Verify that the Pull Request is correct and make a corresponding entry in the
 API History:
 
 > [!NOTE]
-> Refer to the [API History section of `styleguide.md`](../styleguide.md#api-history)
+> Refer to the [API History section of `style-guide.md`](./style-guide.md#api-history)
 for information on how to create API History blocks.
 
 `````markdown

docs/development/style-guide.md

@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ required[, optional]
 More detailed information on each of the arguments is noted in an unordered list
 below the method. The type of argument is notated by either JavaScript primitives
 (e.g. `string`, `Promise`, or `Object`), a custom API structure like Electron's
-[`Cookie`](api/structures/cookie.md), or the wildcard `any`.
+[`Cookie`](../api/structures/cookie.md), or the wildcard `any`.
 
 If the argument is of type `Array`, use `[]` shorthand with the type of value
 inside the array (for example,`any[]` or `string[]`).
@@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ The purpose of the API History block is to describe when/where/how/why an API wa
 Each API change listed in the block should include a link to the
 PR where that change was made along with an optional short description of the
 change. If applicable, include the [heading id](https://gist.github.com/asabaylus/3071099)
-for that change from the [breaking changes documentation](./breaking-changes.md).
+for that change from the [breaking changes documentation](../breaking-changes.md).
 
 The [API History linting script][api-history-linting-script] (`lint:api-history`)
 validates API History blocks in the Electron documentation against the schema and

docs/tutorial/electron-timelines.md

@@ -9,10 +9,11 @@ check out our [Electron Versioning](./electron-versioning.md) doc.
 
 | Electron | Alpha | Beta | Stable | EOL | Chrome | Node | Supported |
 | ------- | ----- | ------- | ------ | ------ | ---- | ---- | ---- |
-| 35.0.0 |  2025-Jan-16 | 2025-Feb-05 | 2025-Mar-04 | 2025-Sep-02 | M134 | TBD | ✅ |
+| 36.0.0 |  2025-Mar-06 | 2025-Apr-02 | 2025-Apr-29 | 2025-Oct-28 | M136 | TBD | ✅ |
+| 35.0.0 |  2025-Jan-16 | 2025-Feb-05 | 2025-Mar-04 | 2025-Sep-02 | M134 | v22.14 | ✅ |
 | 34.0.0 |  2024-Oct-17 | 2024-Nov-13 | 2025-Jan-14 | 2025-Jun-24 | M132 | v20.18 | ✅ |
 | 33.0.0 |  2024-Aug-22 | 2024-Sep-18 | 2024-Oct-15 | 2025-Apr-29 | M130 | v20.18 | ✅ |
-| 32.0.0 |  2024-Jun-14 | 2024-Jul-24 | 2024-Aug-20 | 2025-Mar-04 | M128 | v20.16 | ✅ |
+| 32.0.0 |  2024-Jun-14 | 2024-Jul-24 | 2024-Aug-20 | 2025-Mar-04 | M128 | v20.16 | 🚫 |
 | 31.0.0 |  2024-Apr-18 | 2024-May-15 | 2024-Jun-11 | 2025-Jan-14 | M126 | v20.14 | 🚫 |
 | 30.0.0 |  2024-Feb-22 | 2024-Mar-20 | 2024-Apr-16 | 2024-Oct-15 | M124 | v20.11 | 🚫 |
 | 29.0.0 |  2023-Dec-07 | 2024-Jan-24 | 2024-Feb-20 | 2024-Aug-20 | M122 | v20.9 | 🚫 |

docs/tutorial/keyboard-shortcuts.md

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ To configure a local keyboard shortcut, you need to specify an [`accelerator`][]
 property when creating a [MenuItem][] within the [Menu][] module.
 
 Starting with a working application from the
-[Quick Start Guide](quick-start.md), update the `main.js` to be:
+[tutorial starter code][tutorial-starter-code], update the `main.js` to be:
 
 ```fiddle docs/fiddles/features/keyboard-shortcuts/local
 const { app, BrowserWindow, Menu, MenuItem } = require('electron/main')
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ module to detect keyboard events even when the application does not have
 keyboard focus.
 
 Starting with a working application from the
-[Quick Start Guide](quick-start.md), update the `main.js` to be:
+[tutorial starter code][tutorial-starter-code], update the `main.js` to be:
 
 ```fiddle docs/fiddles/features/keyboard-shortcuts/global
 const { app, BrowserWindow, globalShortcut } = require('electron/main')
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ is emitted before dispatching `keydown` and `keyup` events in the page. It can
 be used to catch and handle custom shortcuts that are not visible in the menu.
 
 Starting with a working application from the
-[Quick Start Guide](quick-start.md), update the `main.js` file with the
+[tutorial starter code][tutorial-starter-code], update the `main.js` file with the
 following lines:
 
 ```fiddle docs/fiddles/features/keyboard-shortcuts/interception-from-main
@@ -207,3 +207,4 @@ Mousetrap.bind('up up down down left right left right b a enter', () => {
 [mousetrap]: https://github.com/ccampbell/mousetrap
 [dom-events]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Events
 [addEventListener-api]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/EventTarget/addEventListener
+[tutorial-starter-code]: tutorial-2-first-app.md#final-starter-code

docs/tutorial/native-code-and-electron.md

@@ -0,0 +1,380 @@
+# Native Code and Electron
+
+One of Electron's most powerful features is the ability to combine web technologies with native code - both for compute-intensive logic as well as for the occasional native user interface, where desired.
+
+Electron does so by building on top of "Native Node.js Addons". You've probably already come across a few of them - packages like the famous [sqlite](https://www.npmjs.com/package/sqlite3) use native code to combine JavaScript and native technologies. You can use this feature to extend your Electron application with anything a fully native application can do:
+
+* Access native platform APIs not available in JavaScript. Any macOS, Windows, or Linux operating system API is available to you.
+* Create UI components that interact with native desktop frameworks.
+* Integrate with existing native libraries.
+* Implement performance-critical code that runs faster than JavaScript.
+
+Native Node.js addons are dynamically-linked shared objects (on Unix-like systems) or DLL files (on Windows) that can be loaded into Node.js or Electron using the `require()` or `import` functions. They behave just like regular JavaScript modules but provide an interface to code written in C++, Rust, or other languages that can compile to native code.
+
+# Tutorial: Creating a Native Node.js Addon for Electron
+
+This tutorial will walk you through building a basic Node.js native addon that can be used in Electron applications. We'll focus on concepts common to all platforms, using C++ as the implementation language. Once you complete this tutorial common to all native Node.js addons, you can move on to one of our platform-specific tutorials.
+
+## Requirements
+
+This tutorial assumes you have Node.js and npm installed, as well as the basic tools necessary for compiling code on your platform (like Visual Studio on Windows, Xcode on macOS, or GCC/Clang on Linux). You can find detailed instructions in the [`node-gyp` readme](https://github.com/nodejs/node-gyp?tab=readme-ov-file).
+
+### Requirements: macOS
+
+To build native Node.js addons on macOS, you'll need the Xcode Command Line Tools. These provide the necessary compilers and build tools (namely, `clang`, `clang++`, and `make`). The following command will prompt you to install the Command Line Tools if they aren't already installed.
+
+```sh
+xcode-select --install
+```
+
+### Requirements: Windows
+
+The official Node.js installer offers the optional installation of "Tools for Native Modules", which installs everything required for the basic compilation of C++ modules - specifically, Python 3 and the "Visual Studio Desktop development with C++" workload. Alternatively, you can use `chocolatey`, `winget`, or the Windows Store.
+
+### Requirements: Linux
+
+* [A supported version of Python](https://devguide.python.org/versions/)
+* `make`
+* A proper C/C++ compiler toolchain, like [GCC](https://gcc.gnu.org)
+
+## 1) Creating a package
+
+First, create a new Node.js package that will contain your native addon:
+
+```sh
+mkdir my-native-addon
+cd my-native-addon
+npm init -y
+```
+
+This creates a basic `package.json` file. Next, we'll install the necessary dependencies:
+
+```sh
+npm install node-addon-api bindings
+```
+
+* `node-addon-api`: This is a C++ wrapper for the low-level Node.js API that makes it easier to build addons. It provides a C++ object-oriented API that's more convenient and safer to use than the raw C-style API.
+* `bindings`: A helper module that simplifies the process of loading your compiled native addon. It handles finding your compiled `.node` file automatically.
+
+Now, let's update our `package.json` to include the appropriate build scripts. We will explain what these specifically do further below.
+
+```json title='package.json'
+{
+  "name": "my-native-addon",
+  "version": "1.0.0",
+  "description": "A native addon for Electron",
+  "main": "js/index.js",
+  "scripts": {
+    "clean": "node -e \"require('fs').rmSync('build', { recursive: true, force: true })\"",
+    "build": "node-gyp configure && node-gyp build"
+  },
+  "dependencies": {
+    "bindings": "^1.5.0",
+    "node-addon-api": "^8.3.0"
+  },
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "node-gyp": "^11.1.0"
+  }
+}
+```
+
+These scripts will:
+
+* `clean`: Remove the build directory, allowing for a fresh build
+* `build`: Run the standard node-gyp build process to compile your addon
+
+## 2) Setting up the build system
+
+Node.js addons use a build system called `node-gyp`, which is a cross-platform command-line tool written in Node.js. It compiles native addon modules for Node.js using platform-specific build tools behind the scenes:
+
+* On Windows: Visual Studio
+* On macOS: Xcode or command-line tools
+* On Linux: GCC or similar compilers
+
+### Configuring `node-gyp`
+
+The `binding.gyp` file is a JSON-like configuration file that tells node-gyp how to build your native addon. It's similar to a make file or a project file but in a platform-independent format. Let's create a basic `binding.gyp` file:
+
+```json title='binding.gyp'
+{
+  "targets": [
+    {
+      "target_name": "my_addon",
+      "sources": [
+        "src/my_addon.cc",
+        "src/cpp_code.cc"
+      ],
+      "include_dirs": [
+        "<!@(node -p \"require('node-addon-api').include\")",
+        "include"
+      ],
+      "dependencies": [
+        "<!(node -p \"require('node-addon-api').gyp\")"
+      ],
+      "defines": [
+        "NODE_ADDON_API_CPP_EXCEPTIONS"
+      ],
+      "cflags!": ["-fno-exceptions"],
+      "cflags_cc!": ["-fno-exceptions"],
+      "xcode_settings": {
+        "GCC_ENABLE_CPP_EXCEPTIONS": "YES",
+        "CLANG_CXX_LIBRARY": "libc++",
+        "MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET": "10.14"
+      },
+      "msvs_settings": {
+        "VCCLCompilerTool": {
+          "ExceptionHandling": 1
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  ]
+}
+```
+
+Let's break down this configuration:
+
+* `target_name`: The name of your addon. This determines the filename of the compiled module (my_addon.node).
+* `sources`: List of source files to compile. We'll have two files: the main addon file and our actual C++ implementation.
+* `include_dirs`: Directories to search for header files. The cryptic-looking line `<!@(node -p \"require('node-addon-api').include\")` runs a Node.js command to get the path to the node-addon-api include directory.
+* `dependencies`: The `node-addon-api` dependency. Similar to the include dirs, this executes a Node.js command to get the proper configuration.
+* `defines`: Preprocessor definitions. Here we're enabling C++ exceptions for node-addon-api.
+Platform-specific settings:
+* `cflags`! and cflags_cc!: Compiler flags for Unix-like systems
+* `xcode_settings`: Settings specific to macOS/Xcode compiler
+* `msvs_settings`: Settings specific to Microsoft Visual Studio on Windows
+
+Now, create the directory structure for our project:
+
+```sh
+mkdir src
+mkdir include
+mkdir js
+```
+
+This creates:
+
+* `src/`: Where our source files will go
+* `include/`: For header files
+* `js/`: For our JavaScript wrapper
+
+## 3) "Hello World" from C++
+
+Let's start by defining our C++ interface in a header file. Create `include/cpp_code.h`:
+
+```cpp
+#pragma once
+#include <string>
+
+namespace cpp_code {
+    // A simple function that takes a string input and returns a string
+    std::string hello_world(const std::string& input);
+} // namespace cpp_code
+```
+
+The `#pragma once` directive is a header guard that prevents the file from being included multiple times in the same compilation unit. The actual function declaration is inside a namespace to avoid potential name conflicts.
+
+Next, let's implement the function in `src/cpp_code.cc`:
+
+```cpp title='src/cpp_code.cc'
+#include <string>
+#include "../include/cpp_code.h"
+
+namespace cpp_code {
+    std::string hello_world(const std::string& input) {
+        // Simply concatenate strings and return
+        return "Hello from C++! You said: " + input;
+    }
+} // namespace cpp_code
+```
+
+This is a simple implementation that just adds some text to the input string and returns it.
+
+Now, let's create the addon code that bridges our C++ code with the Node.js/JavaScript world. Create `src/my_addon.cc`:
+
+```cpp title='src/my_addon.cc'
+#include <napi.h>
+#include <string>
+#include "../include/cpp_code.h"
+
+// Create a class that will be exposed to JavaScript
+class MyAddon : public Napi::ObjectWrap<MyAddon> {
+public:
+    // This static method defines the class for JavaScript
+    static Napi::Object Init(Napi::Env env, Napi::Object exports) {
+        // Define the JavaScript class with method(s)
+        Napi::Function func = DefineClass(env, "MyAddon", {
+            InstanceMethod("helloWorld", &MyAddon::HelloWorld)
+        });
+
+        // Create a persistent reference to the constructor
+        Napi::FunctionReference* constructor = new Napi::FunctionReference();
+        *constructor = Napi::Persistent(func);
+        env.SetInstanceData(constructor);
+
+        // Set the constructor on the exports object
+        exports.Set("MyAddon", func);
+        return exports;
+    }
+
+    // Constructor
+    MyAddon(const Napi::CallbackInfo& info)
+        : Napi::ObjectWrap<MyAddon>(info) {}
+
+private:
+    // Method that will be exposed to JavaScript
+    Napi::Value HelloWorld(const Napi::CallbackInfo& info) {
+        Napi::Env env = info.Env();
+
+        // Validate arguments (expecting one string)
+        if (info.Length() < 1 || !info[0].IsString()) {
+            Napi::TypeError::New(env, "Expected string argument").ThrowAsJavaScriptException();
+            return env.Null();
+        }
+
+        // Convert JavaScript string to C++ string
+        std::string input = info[0].As<Napi::String>();
+
+        // Call our C++ function
+        std::string result = cpp_code::hello_world(input);
+
+        // Convert C++ string back to JavaScript string and return
+        return Napi::String::New(env, result);
+    }
+};
+
+// Initialize the addon
+Napi::Object Init(Napi::Env env, Napi::Object exports) {
+    return MyAddon::Init(env, exports);
+}
+
+// Register the initialization function
+NODE_API_MODULE(my_addon, Init)
+```
+
+Let's break down this code:
+
+1. We define a `MyAddon` class that inherits from `Napi::ObjectWrap<MyAddon>`, which handles wrapping our C++ class for JavaScript.
+2. The `Init` static method:
+  2.1 Defines a JavaScript class with a method called `helloWorld`
+  2.2 Creates a persistent reference to the constructor (to prevent garbage collection)
+  2.3 Exports the class constructor
+3. The constructor simply passes its arguments to the parent class.
+4. The `HelloWorld` method:
+  4.1 Gets the Napi environment
+  4.2 Validates input arguments (expecting a string)
+  4.3 Converts the JavaScript string to a C++ string
+  4.4 Calls our C++ function
+  4.5 Converts the result back to a JavaScript string and returns it
+5. We define an initialization function and register it with NODE_API_MODULE macro, which makes our module loadable by Node.js.
+
+Now, let's create a JavaScript wrapper to make the addon easier to use. Create `js/index.js`:
+
+```js title='js/index.js' @ts-expect-error=[5]
+const EventEmitter = require('events')
+
+// Load the native addon using the 'bindings' module
+// This will look for the compiled .node file in various places
+const bindings = require('bindings')
+const native = bindings('my_addon')
+
+// Create a nice JavaScript wrapper
+class MyNativeAddon extends EventEmitter {
+  constructor () {
+    super()
+
+    // Create an instance of our C++ class
+    this.addon = new native.MyAddon()
+  }
+
+  // Wrap the C++ method with a nicer JavaScript API
+  helloWorld (input = '') {
+    if (typeof input !== 'string') {
+      throw new TypeError('Input must be a string')
+    }
+    return this.addon.helloWorld(input)
+  }
+}
+
+// Export a singleton instance
+if (process.platform === 'win32' || process.platform === 'darwin' || process.platform === 'linux') {
+  module.exports = new MyNativeAddon()
+} else {
+  // Provide a fallback for unsupported platforms
+  console.warn('Native addon not supported on this platform')
+
+  module.exports = {
+    helloWorld: (input) => `Hello from JS! You said: ${input}`
+  }
+}
+```
+
+This JavaScript wrapper:
+
+1. Uses `bindings` to load our compiled native addon
+1. Creates a class that extends EventEmitter (useful for future extensions that might emit events)
+1. Instantiates our C++ class and provides a simpler API
+1. Adds some input validation on the JavaScript side
+1. Exports a singleton instance of our wrapper
+1. Handles unsupported platforms gracefully
+
+### Building and testing the addon
+
+Now we can build our native addon:
+
+```sh
+npm run build
+```
+
+This will run `node-gyp configure` and `node-gyp build` to compile our C++ code into a `.node` file.
+Let's create a simple test script to verify everything works. Create `test.js` in the project root:
+
+```js title='test.js' @ts-expect-error=[2]
+// Load our addon
+const myAddon = require('./js')
+
+// Try the helloWorld function
+const result = myAddon.helloWorld('This is a test')
+
+// Should print: "Hello from C++! You said: This is a test"
+console.log(result)
+```
+
+Run the test:
+
+```sh
+node test.js
+```
+
+If everything works correctly, you should see:
+
+```txt
+Hello from C++! You said: This is a test
+```
+
+### Using the addon in Electron
+
+To use this addon in an Electron application, you would:
+
+1. Include it as a dependency in your Electron project
+1. Build it targeting your specific Electron version. `electron-forge` handles this step automatically for you - for more details, see [Native Node Modules](./using-native-node-modules.md).
+1. Import and use it just like any other module in a process that has Node.js enabled.
+
+```js @ts-expect-error=[2]
+// In your main process
+const myAddon = require('my-native-addon')
+console.log(myAddon.helloWorld('Electron'))
+```
+
+## References and further learning
+
+Native addon development can be written in several languages beyond C++. Rust can be used with crates like [`napi-rs`](https://github.com/napi-rs/napi-rs), [`neon`](https://neon-rs.dev/), or [`node-bindgen`](https://github.com/infinyon/node-bindgen). Objective-C/Swift can be used through Objective-C++ on macOS.
+
+The specific implementation details differ significantly by platform, especially when accessing platform-specific APIs or UI frameworks, like Windows' Win32 API, COM components, UWP/WinRT - or macOS's Cocoa, AppKit, or ObjectiveC runtime.
+
+This means that you'll likely use two groups of references for your native code: First, on the Node.js side, use the [N-API documentation](https://nodejs.org/api/n-api.html) to learn about creating and exposing complex structures to JavaScript - like asynchronous thread-safe function calls or creating JavaScript-native objects (`error`, `promise`, etc). Secondly, on the side of the technology you're working with, you'll likely be looking at their lower-level documentation:
+
+* [Microsoft C++, C, and Assembler documentation](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/?view=msvc-170)
+* [C++/WinRT](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/uwp/cpp-and-winrt-apis/)
+* [MSVC-170 C++ Documentation](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/cpp/?view=msvc-170)
+* [Apple Developer Documentation](https://developer.apple.com/documentation)
+* [Programming with Objective-C](https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/Cocoa/Conceptual/ProgrammingWithObjectiveC/Introduction/Introduction.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40011210)

docs/tutorial/native-file-drag-drop.md

@@ -22,12 +22,9 @@ In `preload.js` use the [`contextBridge`][] to inject a method `window.electron.
 
 ```js
 const { contextBridge, ipcRenderer } = require('electron')
-const path = require('node:path')
 
 contextBridge.exposeInMainWorld('electron', {
-  startDrag: (fileName) => {
-    ipcRenderer.send('ondragstart', path.join(process.cwd(), fileName))
-  }
+  startDrag: (fileName) => ipcRenderer.send('ondragstart', fileName)
 })
 ```
 

docs/tutorial/navigation-history.md

@@ -69,8 +69,25 @@ if (navigationHistory.canGoToOffset(2)) {
 }
 ```
 
+## Restoring history
+
+A common flow is that you want to restore the history of a webContents - for instance to implement an "undo close tab" feature. To do so, you can call `navigationHistory.restore({ index, entries })`. This will restore the webContent's navigation history and the webContents location in said history, meaning that `goBack()` and `goForward()` navigate you through the stack as expected.
+
+```js @ts-type={navigationHistory:Electron.NavigationHistory}
+
+const firstWindow = new BrowserWindow()
+
+// Later, you want a second window to have the same history and navigation position
+async function restore () {
+  const entries = firstWindow.webContents.navigationHistory.getAllEntries()
+  const index = firstWindow.webContents.navigationHistory.getActiveIndex()
+
+  const secondWindow = new BrowserWindow()
+  await secondWindow.webContents.navigationHistory.restore({ index, entries })
+}
+```
+
 Here's a full example that you can open with Electron Fiddle:
 
 ```fiddle docs/fiddles/features/navigation-history
-
 ```

docs/tutorial/offscreen-rendering.md

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ _Notes_:
 * There are two rendering modes that can be used (see the section below) and only
 the dirty area is passed to the `paint` event to be more efficient.
 * You can stop/continue the rendering as well as set the frame rate.
-* The maximum frame rate is 240 because greater values bring only performance
+* When `webPreferences.offscreen.useSharedTexture` is not `true`, the maximum frame rate is 240 because greater values bring only performance
 losses with no benefits.
 * When nothing is happening on a webpage, no frames are generated.
 * An offscreen window is always created as a

docs/tutorial/process-model.md

@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ The main process also controls your application's lifecycle through Electron's
 that you can use to add custom application behavior (for instance, programmatically
 quitting your application, modifying the application dock, or showing an About panel).
 
-As a practical example, the app shown in the [quick start guide][quick-start-lifecycle]
+As a practical example, the app shown in the [tutorial starter code][tutorial-lifecycle]
 uses `app` APIs to create a more native application window experience.
 
 ```js title='main.js'
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ app.on('window-all-closed', () => {
 ```
 
 [app]: ../api/app.md
-[quick-start-lifecycle]: ../tutorial/quick-start.md#manage-your-windows-lifecycle
+[tutorial-lifecycle]: ../tutorial/tutorial-2-first-app.md#quit-the-app-when-all-windows-are-closed-windows--linux
 
 ### Native APIs
 

docs/tutorial/quick-start.md

@@ -1,513 +0,0 @@
-# Quick Start
-
-This guide will step you through the process of creating a barebones Hello World app in
-Electron, similar to [`electron/electron-quick-start`][quick-start].
-
-By the end of this tutorial, your app will open a browser window that displays a web page
-with information about which Chromium, Node.js, and Electron versions are running.
-
-[quick-start]: https://github.com/electron/electron-quick-start
-
-## Prerequisites
-
-To use Electron, you need to install [Node.js][node-download]. We recommend that you
-use the latest `LTS` version available.
-
-> Please install Node.js using pre-built installers for your platform.
-> You may encounter incompatibility issues with different development tools otherwise.
-
-To check that Node.js was installed correctly, type the following commands in your
-terminal client:
-
-```sh
-node -v
-npm -v
-```
-
-The commands should print the versions of Node.js and npm accordingly.
-
-**Note:** Since Electron embeds Node.js into its binary, the version of Node.js running
-your code is unrelated to the version running on your system.
-
-[node-download]: https://nodejs.org/en/download/
-
-## Create your application
-
-### Scaffold the project
-
-Electron apps follow the same general structure as other Node.js projects.
-Start by creating a folder and initializing an npm package.
-
-```sh npm2yarn
-mkdir my-electron-app && cd my-electron-app
-npm init
-```
-
-The interactive `init` command will prompt you to set some fields in your config.
-There are a few rules to follow for the purposes of this tutorial:
-
-* `entry point` should be `main.js`.
-* `author` and `description` can be any value, but are necessary for
-[app packaging](#package-and-distribute-your-application).
-
-Your `package.json` file should look something like this:
-
-```json
-{
-  "name": "my-electron-app",
-  "version": "1.0.0",
-  "description": "Hello World!",
-  "main": "main.js",
-  "author": "Jane Doe",
-  "license": "MIT"
-}
-```
-
-Then, install the `electron` package into your app's `devDependencies`.
-
-```sh npm2yarn
-npm install --save-dev electron
-```
-
-> Note: If you're encountering any issues with installing Electron, please
-> refer to the [Advanced Installation][advanced-installation] guide.
-
-Finally, you want to be able to execute Electron. In the [`scripts`][package-scripts]
-field of your `package.json` config, add a `start` command like so:
-
-```json
-{
-  "scripts": {
-    "start": "electron ."
-  }
-}
-```
-
-This `start` command will let you open your app in development mode.
-
-```sh npm2yarn
-npm start
-```
-
-> Note: This script tells Electron to run on your project's root folder. At this stage,
-> your app will immediately throw an error telling you that it cannot find an app to run.
-
-[advanced-installation]: ./installation.md
-[package-scripts]: https://docs.npmjs.com/cli/v7/using-npm/scripts
-
-### Run the main process
-
-The entry point of any Electron application is its `main` script. This script controls the
-**main process**, which runs in a full Node.js environment and is responsible for
-controlling your app's lifecycle, displaying native interfaces, performing privileged
-operations, and managing renderer processes (more on that later).
-
-During execution, Electron will look for this script in the [`main`][package-json-main]
-field of the app's `package.json` config, which you should have configured during the
-[app scaffolding](#scaffold-the-project) step.
-
-To initialize the `main` script, create an empty file named `main.js` in the root folder
-of your project.
-
-> Note: If you run the `start` script again at this point, your app will no longer throw
-> any errors! However, it won't do anything yet because we haven't added any code into
-> `main.js`.
-
-[package-json-main]: https://docs.npmjs.com/cli/v7/configuring-npm/package-json#main
-
-### Create a web page
-
-Before we can create a window for our application, we need to create the content that
-will be loaded into it. In Electron, each window displays web contents that can be loaded
-from either a local HTML file or a remote URL.
-
-For this tutorial, you will be doing the former. Create an `index.html` file in the root
-folder of your project:
-
-```html
-<!DOCTYPE html>
-<html lang="en">
-  <head>
-    <meta charset="UTF-8">
-    <!-- https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/CSP -->
-    <meta http-equiv="Content-Security-Policy" content="default-src 'self'; script-src 'self'">
-    <title>Hello World!</title>
-  </head>
-  <body>
-    <h1>Hello World!</h1>
-    We are using Node.js <span id="node-version"></span>,
-    Chromium <span id="chrome-version"></span>,
-    and Electron <span id="electron-version"></span>.
-  </body>
-</html>
-```
-
-> Note: Looking at this HTML document, you can observe that the version numbers are
-> missing from the body text. We'll manually insert them later using JavaScript.
-
-### Opening your web page in a browser window
-
-Now that you have a web page, load it into an application window. To do so, you'll
-need two Electron modules:
-
-* The [`app`][app] module, which controls your application's event lifecycle.
-* The [`BrowserWindow`][browser-window] module, which creates and manages application
-  windows.
-
-Because the main process runs Node.js, you can import these as [CommonJS][commonjs]
-modules at the top of your `main.js` file:
-
-```js
-const { app, BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
-```
-
-Then, add a `createWindow()` function that loads `index.html` into a new `BrowserWindow`
-instance.
-
-```js
-const createWindow = () => {
-  const win = new BrowserWindow({
-    width: 800,
-    height: 600
-  })
-
-  win.loadFile('index.html')
-}
-```
-
-Next, call this `createWindow()` function to open your window.
-
-In Electron, browser windows can only be created after the `app` module's
-[`ready`][app-ready] event is fired. You can wait for this event by using the
-[`app.whenReady()`][app-when-ready] API. Call `createWindow()` after `whenReady()`
-resolves its Promise.
-
-```js @ts-type={createWindow:()=>void}
-app.whenReady().then(() => {
-  createWindow()
-})
-```
-
-> Note: At this point, your Electron application should successfully
-> open a window that displays your web page!
-
-[app]: ../api/app.md
-[browser-window]: ../api/browser-window.md
-[commonjs]: https://nodejs.org/docs/latest/api/modules.html#modules_modules_commonjs_modules
-[app-ready]: ../api/app.md#event-ready
-[app-when-ready]: ../api/app.md#appwhenready
-
-### Manage your window's lifecycle
-
-Although you can now open a browser window, you'll need some additional boilerplate code
-to make it feel more native to each platform. Application windows behave differently on
-each OS, and Electron puts the responsibility on developers to implement these
-conventions in their app.
-
-In general, you can use the `process` global's [`platform`][node-platform] attribute
-to run code specifically for certain operating systems.
-
-#### Quit the app when all windows are closed (Windows & Linux)
-
-On Windows and Linux, exiting all windows generally quits an application entirely.
-
-To implement this, listen for the `app` module's [`'window-all-closed'`][window-all-closed]
-event, and call [`app.quit()`][app-quit] if the user is not on macOS (`darwin`).
-
-```js
-app.on('window-all-closed', () => {
-  if (process.platform !== 'darwin') app.quit()
-})
-```
-
-[node-platform]: https://nodejs.org/api/process.html#process_process_platform
-[window-all-closed]: ../api/app.md#event-window-all-closed
-[app-quit]: ../api/app.md#appquit
-
-#### Open a window if none are open (macOS)
-
-Whereas Linux and Windows apps quit when they have no windows open, macOS apps generally
-continue running even without any windows open, and activating the app when no windows
-are available should open a new one.
-
-To implement this feature, listen for the `app` module's [`activate`][activate]
-event, and call your existing `createWindow()` method if no browser windows are open.
-
-Because windows cannot be created before the `ready` event, you should only listen for
-`activate` events after your app is initialized. Do this by attaching your event listener
-from within your existing `whenReady()` callback.
-
-[activate]: ../api/app.md#event-activate-macos
-
-```js @ts-type={createWindow:()=>void}
-app.whenReady().then(() => {
-  createWindow()
-
-  app.on('activate', () => {
-    if (BrowserWindow.getAllWindows().length === 0) createWindow()
-  })
-})
-```
-
-> Note: At this point, your window controls should be fully functional!
-
-### Access Node.js from the renderer with a preload script
-
-Now, the last thing to do is print out the version numbers for Electron and its
-dependencies onto your web page.
-
-Accessing this information is trivial to do in the main process through Node's
-global `process` object. However, you can't just edit the DOM from the main
-process because it has no access to the renderer's `document` context.
-They're in entirely different processes!
-
-> Note: If you need a more in-depth look at Electron processes, see the
-> [Process Model][] document.
-
-This is where attaching a **preload** script to your renderer comes in handy.
-A preload script runs before the renderer process is loaded, and has access to both
-renderer globals (e.g. `window` and `document`) and a Node.js environment.
-
-Create a new script named `preload.js` as such:
-
-```js
-window.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => {
-  const replaceText = (selector, text) => {
-    const element = document.getElementById(selector)
-    if (element) element.innerText = text
-  }
-
-  for (const dependency of ['chrome', 'node', 'electron']) {
-    replaceText(`${dependency}-version`, process.versions[dependency])
-  }
-})
-```
-
-The above code accesses the Node.js `process.versions` object and runs a basic `replaceText`
-helper function to insert the version numbers into the HTML document.
-
-To attach this script to your renderer process, pass in the path to your preload script
-to the `webPreferences.preload` option in your existing `BrowserWindow` constructor.
-
-```js
-const { app, BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
-// include the Node.js 'path' module at the top of your file
-const path = require('node:path')
-
-// modify your existing createWindow() function
-const createWindow = () => {
-  const win = new BrowserWindow({
-    width: 800,
-    height: 600,
-    webPreferences: {
-      preload: path.join(__dirname, 'preload.js')
-    }
-  })
-
-  win.loadFile('index.html')
-}
-// ...
-```
-
-There are two Node.js concepts that are used here:
-
-* The [`__dirname`][dirname] string points to the path of the currently executing script
-  (in this case, your project's root folder).
-* The [`path.join`][path-join] API joins multiple path segments together, creating a
-  combined path string that works across all platforms.
-
-We use a path relative to the currently executing JavaScript file so that your relative
-path will work in both development and packaged mode.
-
-[Process Model]: ./process-model.md
-[dirname]: https://nodejs.org/api/modules.html#modules_dirname
-[path-join]: https://nodejs.org/api/path.html#path_path_join_paths
-
-### Bonus: Add functionality to your web contents
-
-At this point, you might be wondering how to add more functionality to your application.
-
-For any interactions with your web contents, you want to add scripts to your
-renderer process. Because the renderer runs in a normal web environment, you can add a
-`<script>` tag right before your `index.html` file's closing `</body>` tag to include
-any arbitrary scripts you want:
-
-```html
-<script src="./renderer.js"></script>
-```
-
-The code contained in `renderer.js` can then use the same JavaScript APIs and tooling
-you use for typical front-end development, such as using [`webpack`][webpack] to bundle
-and minify your code or [React][react] to manage your user interfaces.
-
-[webpack]: https://webpack.js.org
-[react]: https://reactjs.org
-
-### Recap
-
-After following the above steps, you should have a fully functional
-Electron application that looks like this:
-
-![Simplest Electron app](../images/simplest-electron-app.png)
-
-<!--TODO(erickzhao): Remove the individual code blocks for static website -->
-The full code is available below:
-
-```js
-// main.js
-
-// Modules to control application life and create native browser window
-const { app, BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
-const path = require('node:path')
-
-const createWindow = () => {
-  // Create the browser window.
-  const mainWindow = new BrowserWindow({
-    width: 800,
-    height: 600,
-    webPreferences: {
-      preload: path.join(__dirname, 'preload.js')
-    }
-  })
-
-  // and load the index.html of the app.
-  mainWindow.loadFile('index.html')
-
-  // Open the DevTools.
-  // mainWindow.webContents.openDevTools()
-}
-
-// This method will be called when Electron has finished
-// initialization and is ready to create browser windows.
-// Some APIs can only be used after this event occurs.
-app.whenReady().then(() => {
-  createWindow()
-
-  app.on('activate', () => {
-    // On macOS it's common to re-create a window in the app when the
-    // dock icon is clicked and there are no other windows open.
-    if (BrowserWindow.getAllWindows().length === 0) createWindow()
-  })
-})
-
-// Quit when all windows are closed, except on macOS. There, it's common
-// for applications and their menu bar to stay active until the user quits
-// explicitly with Cmd + Q.
-app.on('window-all-closed', () => {
-  if (process.platform !== 'darwin') app.quit()
-})
-
-// In this file you can include the rest of your app's specific main process
-// code. You can also put them in separate files and require them here.
-```
-
-```js
-// preload.js
-
-// All the Node.js APIs are available in the preload process.
-// It has the same sandbox as a Chrome extension.
-window.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => {
-  const replaceText = (selector, text) => {
-    const element = document.getElementById(selector)
-    if (element) element.innerText = text
-  }
-
-  for (const dependency of ['chrome', 'node', 'electron']) {
-    replaceText(`${dependency}-version`, process.versions[dependency])
-  }
-})
-```
-
-```html
-<!--index.html-->
-<!DOCTYPE html>
-<html lang="en">
-  <head>
-    <meta charset="UTF-8">
-    <!-- https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/CSP -->
-    <meta http-equiv="Content-Security-Policy" content="default-src 'self'; script-src 'self'">
-    <title>Hello World!</title>
-  </head>
-  <body>
-    <h1>Hello World!</h1>
-    We are using Node.js <span id="node-version"></span>,
-    Chromium <span id="chrome-version"></span>,
-    and Electron <span id="electron-version"></span>.
-
-    <!-- You can also require other files to run in this process -->
-    <script src="./renderer.js"></script>
-  </body>
-</html>
-```
-
-```fiddle docs/fiddles/quick-start
-```
-
-To summarize all the steps we've done:
-
-* We bootstrapped a Node.js application and added Electron as a dependency.
-* We created a `main.js` script that runs our main process, which controls our app
-  and runs in a Node.js environment. In this script, we used Electron's `app` and
-  `BrowserWindow` modules to create a browser window that displays web content
-  in a separate process (the renderer).
-* In order to access certain Node.js functionality in the renderer, we attached
-  a preload script to our `BrowserWindow` constructor.
-
-## Package and distribute your application
-
-The fastest way to distribute your newly created app is using
-[Electron Forge](https://www.electronforge.io).
-
-:::info
-
-To build an RPM package for Linux, you will need to [install its required system dependencies](https://www.electronforge.io/config/makers/rpm).
-
-:::
-
-1. Add a description to your `package.json` file, otherwise rpmbuild will fail. Blank description are not valid.
-2. Add Electron Forge as a development dependency of your app, and use its `import` command to set up
-Forge's scaffolding:
-
-   ```sh npm2yarn
-   npm install --save-dev @electron-forge/cli
-   npx electron-forge import
-
-   ✔ Checking your system
-   ✔ Initializing Git Repository
-   ✔ Writing modified package.json file
-   ✔ Installing dependencies
-   ✔ Writing modified package.json file
-   ✔ Fixing .gitignore
-
-   We have ATTEMPTED to convert your app to be in a format that electron-forge understands.
-
-   Thanks for using "electron-forge"!!!
-   ```
-
-3. Create a distributable using Forge's `make` command:
-
-   ```sh npm2yarn
-   npm run make
-
-   > my-electron-app@1.0.0 make /my-electron-app
-   > electron-forge make
-
-   ✔ Checking your system
-   ✔ Resolving Forge Config
-   We need to package your application before we can make it
-   ✔ Preparing to Package Application for arch: x64
-   ✔ Preparing native dependencies
-   ✔ Packaging Application
-   Making for the following targets: zip
-   ✔ Making for target: zip - On platform: darwin - For arch: x64
-   ```
-
-   Electron Forge creates the `out` folder where your package will be located:
-
-   ```plain
-   // Example for macOS
-   out/
-   ├── out/make/zip/darwin/x64/my-electron-app-darwin-x64-1.0.0.zip
-   ├── ...
-   └── out/my-electron-app-darwin-x64/my-electron-app.app/Contents/MacOS/my-electron-app
-   ```

docs/tutorial/security.md

@@ -116,6 +116,7 @@ You should at least follow these steps to improve the security of your applicati
 17. [Validate the `sender` of all IPC messages](#17-validate-the-sender-of-all-ipc-messages)
 18. [Avoid usage of the `file://` protocol and prefer usage of custom protocols](#18-avoid-usage-of-the-file-protocol-and-prefer-usage-of-custom-protocols)
 19. [Check which fuses you can change](#19-check-which-fuses-you-can-change)
+20. [Do not expose Electron APIs to untrusted web content](#20-do-not-expose-electron-apis-to-untrusted-web-content)
 
 To automate the detection of misconfigurations and insecure patterns, it is
 possible to use
@@ -229,7 +230,7 @@ API to remotely loaded content via the [contextBridge API](../api/context-bridge
 ### 3. Enable Context Isolation
 
 :::info
-This recommendation is the default behavior in Electron since 12.0.0.
+Context Isolation is the default behavior in Electron since 12.0.0.
 :::
 
 Context isolation is an Electron feature that allows developers to run code
@@ -804,6 +805,48 @@ flipping these fuses easy. Check out the README of that module for more details
 potential error cases, and refer to
 [How do I flip the fuses?](./fuses.md#how-do-i-flip-the-fuses) in our documentation.
 
+### 20. Do not expose Electron APIs to untrusted web content
+
+You should not directly expose Electron's APIs, especially IPC, to untrusted web content in your
+preload scripts.
+
+### Why?
+
+Exposing raw APIs like `ipcRenderer.on` is dangerous because it gives renderer processes direct
+access to the entire IPC event system, allowing them to listen for any IPC events, not just the ones
+intended for them.
+
+To avoid that exposure, we also cannot pass callbacks directly through: The first
+argument to IPC event callbacks is an `IpcRendererEvent` object, which includes properties like `sender`
+that provide access to the underlying `ipcRenderer` instance. Even if you only listen for specific
+events, passing the callback directly means the renderer gets access to this event object.
+
+In short, we want the untrusted web content to only have access to necessary information and APIs.
+
+### How?
+
+```js title='preload'.js'
+// Bad
+contextBridge.exposeInMainWorld('electronAPI', {
+  on: ipcRenderer.on
+})
+
+// Also bad
+contextBridge.exposeInMainWorld('electronAPI', {
+  onUpdateCounter: (callback) => ipcRenderer.on('update-counter', callback)
+})
+
+// Good
+contextBridge.exposeInMainWorld('electronAPI', {
+  onUpdateCounter: (callback) => ipcRenderer.on('update-counter', (_event, value) => callback(value))
+})
+```
+
+:::info
+For more information on what `contextIsolation` is and how to use it to secure your app,
+please see the [Context Isolation](context-isolation.md) document.
+:::
+
 [breaking-changes]: ../breaking-changes.md
 [browser-window]: ../api/browser-window.md
 [webview-tag]: ../api/webview-tag.md

docs/tutorial/tutorial-3-preload.md

@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ apps often use the preload script to set up inter-process communication (IPC) in
 to pass arbitrary messages between the two kinds of processes.
 
 In the next part of the tutorial, we will be showing you resources on adding more
-functionality to your app, then teaching you distributing your app to users.
+functionality to your app, then teaching you how to distribute your app to users.
 
 <!-- Links -->
 

docs/tutorial/window-customization.md

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import DocCardList from '@theme/DocCardList';
+
 # Window Customization
 
 The [`BrowserWindow`][] module is the foundation of your Electron application, and
@@ -5,13 +7,15 @@ it exposes many APIs that let you customize the look and behavior of your app’
 This section covers how to implement various use cases for window customization on macOS,
 Windows, and Linux.
 
-:::info
-`BrowserWindow` is a subclass of the [`BaseWindow`][] module. Both modules allow
-you to create and manage application windows in Electron, with the main difference
-being that `BrowserWindow` supports a single, full size web view while `BaseWindow`
-supports composing many web views. `BaseWindow` can be used interchangeably with `BrowserWindow`
-in the examples of the documents in this section.
-:::
+> [!NOTE]
+> `BrowserWindow` is a subclass of the [`BaseWindow`][] module. Both modules allow
+> you to create and manage application windows in Electron, with the main difference
+> being that `BrowserWindow` supports a single, full size web view while `BaseWindow`
+> supports composing many web views. `BaseWindow` can be used interchangeably with `BrowserWindow`
+> in the examples of the documents in this section.
+
+ <!-- markdownlint-disable-next-line MD033 -->
+<DocCardList />
 
 [`BaseWindow`]: ../api/base-window.md
 [`BrowserWindow`]: ../api/browser-window.md

docs/tutorial/windows-arm.md

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ If your app doesn't use any native modules, then it's really easy to create an A
 
 1. Make sure that your app's `node_modules` directory is empty.
 2. Using a _Command Prompt_, run `set npm_config_arch=arm64` before running `npm install`/`yarn install` as usual.
-3. [If you have Electron installed as a development dependency](quick-start.md#prerequisites), npm will download and unpack the arm64 version. You can then package and distribute your app as normal.
+3. [If you have Electron installed as a development dependency](tutorial-2-first-app.md#initializing-your-npm-project), npm will download and unpack the arm64 version. You can then package and distribute your app as normal.
 
 ## General considerations
 

docs/tutorial/windows-taskbar.md

@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ To set user tasks for your application, you can use
 ##### Set user tasks
 
 Starting with a working application from the
-[Quick Start Guide](quick-start.md), update the `main.js` file with the
+[tutorial starter code][tutorial-starter-code], update the `main.js` file with the
 following lines:
 
 ```js
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ To set thumbnail toolbar in your application, you need to use
 ##### Set thumbnail toolbar
 
 Starting with a working application from the
-[Quick Start Guide](quick-start.md), update the `main.js` file with the
+[tutorial starter code][tutorial-starter-code], update the `main.js` file with the
 following lines:
 
 ```js
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ To set the overlay icon for a window, you need to use the
 #### Example
 
 Starting with a working application from the
-[Quick Start Guide](quick-start.md), update the `main.js` file with the
+[tutorial starter code][tutorial-starter-code], update the `main.js` file with the
 following lines:
 
 ```js
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ To flash the BrowserWindow taskbar button, you need to use the
 #### Example
 
 Starting with a working application from the
-[Quick Start Guide](quick-start.md), update the `main.js` file with the
+[tutorial starter code][tutorial-starter-code], update the `main.js` file with the
 following lines:
 
 ```js
@@ -231,10 +231,10 @@ In the above example, it is called when the window comes into focus,
 but you might use a timeout or some other event to disable it.
 
 [msdn-flash-frame]: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/winuser/nf-winuser-flashwindow#remarks
-
 [setthumbarbuttons]: ../api/browser-window.md#winsetthumbarbuttonsbuttons-windows
 [setusertaskstasks]: ../api/app.md#appsetusertaskstasks-windows
 [setoverlayicon]: ../api/browser-window.md#winsetoverlayiconoverlay-description-windows
 [flashframe]: ../api/browser-window.md#winflashframeflag
 [recent-documents]: ./recent-documents.md
 [progress-bar]: ./progress-bar.md
+[tutorial-starter-code]: ../tutorial/tutorial-2-first-app.md#final-starter-code

docs/why-electron.md

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+# Why Electron
+
+Electron is a framework enabling developers to build cross-platform desktop applications for macOS, Windows, and Linux by combining web technologies (HTML, JavaScript, CSS) with Node.js and native code. It is open-source, MIT-licensed, and free for both commercial and personal use. In this document, we’ll explain why companies and developers choose Electron.
+
+We can split up the benefits of Electron in two questions: First, why should you use web technologies to build your application? Then, why should you choose Electron as the framework to do so?
+
+If you’re already using web technologies for your application, you can skip straight to the `Why Electron?` section below.
+
+## Why choose web technologies
+
+Web technologies include HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and WebAssembly. They’re the storefront of the modern Internet. Those technologies have emerged as the best choice for building user interfaces — both for consumer applications as well as mission-critical business applications. This is true both for applications that need to run in a browser as well as desktop applications that are not accessible from a browser. Our bold claim here is that this isn’t just true for cross-platform applications that need to run on multiple operating systems but true overall.
+
+As an example, NASA’s actual [Mission Control](https://github.com/nasa/openmct) is written with web technologies. The [Bloomberg Terminal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloomberg_Terminal), the computer system found at every financial institution, is written with web technologies and runs inside Chromium. It costs $25,000 per user, per year. The McDonald’s ordering kiosk, powering the world’s biggest food retailer, is entirely built with Chromium. The [SpaceX’s Dragon 2 space capsule](https://old.reddit.com/r/spacex/comments/gxb7j1/we_are_the_spacex_software_team_ask_us_anything/ft62781/?context=3) uses Chromium to display its interface. You get the point: web technologies are a great tech stack to build user interfaces.
+
+Here are the reasons we, the Electron maintainers, are betting on the web.
+
+### Versatility
+
+Modern versions of HTML and CSS enable your developers and designers to fully express themselves. The web’s showcase includes Google Earth, Netflix, Spotify, Gmail, Facebook, Airbnb, or GitHub. Whatever interface your application needs, you will be able to express it with HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.
+
+If you want to focus on building a great product without figuring out how you can realize your designer’s vision in a specific UI framework, the web is a safe bet.
+
+### Reliability
+
+Web technologies are the most-used foundation for user interfaces on the planet. The have been hardened accordingly. Modern computers have been optimized from the CPU to the operating system to be good at running web technologies. The manufacturers of your user’s devices—be that an Android phone or the latest MacBook—will ensure that they can visit websites, play videos on YouTube, or display emails. In turn, they’ll also ensure that your app has a stable foundation, even if you have just one user.
+
+If you want to focus on building a great product without debugging a weird quirk that nobody has found before, the web is a safe bet.
+
+### Interoperability
+
+Whatever provider or customer data you need to interact with, they will have probably thought of an integration path with the web. Depending on your technology choice, embedding a YouTube video either takes 30 seconds or requires you to hire a team devoted to streaming and hardware-accelerated video decoding. In the case of YouTube, using anything other than the provided players is actually against their terms and conditions, so you’ll likely embed a browser frame before you implement your own video streaming decoder.
+
+There will be virtually no platform where your app cannot run if you build it with web technologies. Virtually all devices with a display—be that an ATM, a car infotainment system, a smart TV, a fridge, or a Nintendo Switch—come with means to display web technologies. The web is safe bet if you want to be cross-platform.
+
+### Ubiquity
+
+It’s easy to find developers with experience building with web technologies. If you’re a developer, it’ll be easy to find answers to your questions on Google, Stack Overflow, GitHub, or a coding AI of your choice. Whatever problem you need to solve, it’s likely that somebody has solved it well before—and that you can find the answer to the puzzle online.
+
+If you want to focus on building a great product with ample access to resources and materials, the web is a safe bet.
+
+## Why choose Electron
+
+Electron combines Chromium, Node.js, and the ability to write custom native code into one framework for building powerful desktop applications. There are three main reasons to use Electron:
+
+### Enterprise-grade
+
+Electron is reliable, secure, stable, and mature. It is the premier choice for companies building their flagship product. We have a list of some of those companies on our homepage, but just among chat apps, Slack, Discord, and Skype are built with Electron. Among AI applications, both OpenAI’s ChatGPT and Anthropic’s Claude use Electron. Visual Studio Code, Loom, Canva, Notion, Docker, and countless other leading developers of software bet on Electron.
+
+We did make it a priority to make Electron easy to work with and a delight for developers. That’s likely the main reason why Electron became as popular as it is today — but what keeps Electron alive and thriving is the maintainer’s focus on making Electron as stable, secure, performant, and capable of mission-critical use cases for end users as possible. We’re building an Electron that is ready to be used in scenarios where unfixable bugs, unpatched security holes, and outages of any kind are worst-case scenarios.
+
+### Mature
+
+Our current estimation is that most desktop computers on the planet run at least one Electron app. Electron has grown by prioritizing talent in its maintainer group, fostering excellent and sustainable engineering practices in managing the ongoing maintenance, and proactively inviting companies betting on Electron to directly contribute to the project. We’re an impact project with the OpenJS foundation, which is itself a part of the Linux foundation. We share resources and expertise with other foundation projects like Node.js, ESLint, Webpack - or the Linux Kernel or Kubernetes.
+
+What does all of that mean for you, a developer, in practice?
+
+- **Reliable release schedule**: Electron will release a new major version in lockstep with every second major Chromium release, usually on the same day as Chromium. A lot of work, both in the form of building processes and tools, but also in terms of raw invested hours every week, has to go into making that happen.
+- **No dictators**: Sometimes, betting on a technology also requires you to bet on a single person or company. In turn, it requires you to trust that the person or company never has a breakdown, starts fighting you directly, or does anything else drastic that’ll force you rethink your entire tech stack. Electron is maintained by a diverse set of companies (Microsoft, Slack/Salesforce, Notion, and more) and will continue to welcome more companies interested in ensuring their “seat at the decision-making table”.
+
+### Stability, security, performance
+
+Electron delivers the best experience on all target platforms (macOS, Windows, Linux) by bundling the latest version of Chromium, V8, and Node.js directly with the application binary. When it comes to running and rendering web content with upmost stability, security, and performance, we currently believe that stack to be “best in class”.
+
+#### Why bundle anything at all
+
+You might wonder why we bundle Chromium’s web stack with our apps when most modern operating systems already ship a browser and some form of web view. Bundling doesn’t just increase the amount of work for Electron maintainers dramatically, it also increases the total disk size of Electron apps (most apps are >100MB). Many Electron maintainers once developed applications that did make use of embedded web views — and have since accepted the increased disk size and maintainer work as a worthy trade-off.
+
+When using an operating system's built-in web view, you're limited by the browser version included in the oldest operating system version you need to support. We have found the following problems with this approach:
+
+- **Stability**: The modern web technology stack is complex, and as a result, you’ll sooner or later encounter bugs. If you use the operating system’s web view, your only recourse will be to ask your customers to upgrade their operating system. If no upgrade is available for that machine (because of no ability to upgrade to the latest macOS or Windows 11), you’ll have to ask them to buy a new computer. If you’re unlucky, you’re now losing a major customer because they will not upgrade their entire fleet of thousands of machines just because one team wanted to try your startup’s app. You have _no recourse_ in this situation. Even the risk of that happening is unacceptable to the companies that employ the Electron maintainers.
+- **Security:** Similar to how you can fix stability bugs by releasing an app update, you can also release security fixes to your application without asking your customer to upgrade their operating system. Even if operating system providers prioritize updates to their built-in browser, we have not seen them reliably update the built-in web views with similar urgency. Bundling a web renderer gives you, the developer, control.
+- **Performance:** For simple HTML documents, a built-in web view will sometimes use fewer resources than an app with a bundled framework. For bigger apps, it is our experience that we can deliver better performance with the latest version of Chromium than we can with built-in web views. You might think that the built-in view can share a lot of resources with other apps and the operating system— but for security reasons, apps have to run in their own sandboxes, isolated from each other. At that point, the question is whether the OS’ web view is more performant than Chromium. Across many apps, our experience is that bundling Chromium and Node.js enables us to build better and more performant experiences.
+
+#### Why bundle Chromium and Node.js
+
+Electron aims to enable the apps it supports to deliver the best possible user experience, followed by the best possible developer experience. Chromium is currently the best cross-platform rendering stack available. Node.js uses Chromium’s JavaScript engine V8, allowing us to combine the powers of both.
+
+- **Native code when you want it**: Thanks to Node.js’ mature native addon system, you can always write native code. There is no system API out of reach for you. Whatever macOS, Windows, or Linux feature you’ll want to integrate with —as long as you can do it in C, C++, Objective-C, Rust, or another native language, you’ll be able to do it in Electron. Again, this gives you, the developer, maximum control. With Electron, you can use web technologies without choosing _only_ web technologies.
+
+### Developer experience
+
+To summarize, we aim to build an Electron that is mature, enterprise-grade, and ready for mission-critical applications. We prioritize reliability, stability, security, and performance. That said, you might also choose Electron for its developer experience:
+
+- **Powerful ecosystem**: Anything you find on npm will run inside Electron. Any resource available to you about how to work with Node.js also applies to Electron. In addition, Electron itself has a [thriving ecosystem](https://www.npmjs.com/search?q=electron) — including plenty of choices for installers, updaters, deeper operating system-integration, and more.
+- **Plenty of built-in capabilities:** Over the last ten years, Electron’s core has gained plenty of native capabilities that you might need to build your application. Written in C++ and Objective-C, Electron has [dozens of easy-to-use APIs for deeper operating-system integration](https://www.electronjs.org/docs/latest/api/app) — like advanced window customization for transparent or oddly shaped widgets, receiving push notifications from the Apple Push Notification Network, or handling a custom URL protocol for your app.
+- **Open source**: The entire stack is open source and open to your inspection. This ensures your freedom to add any feature or fix any bug you might encounter in the future.
+- **Native code when you need it:** It bears repeating that Electron allows you to mix and match web technologies and C++, C, Objective-C, Rust, and other native languages. Whether it be SQLite, a whole LLM, or just the ability to call one specific native API, Electron will make it easy.
+
+---
+
+## Why choose something else
+
+As outlined above, the web is an amazing platform for building interfaces. That doesn’t mean that we, the maintainers, would build _everything_ with HTML and CSS. Here are some notable exceptions:
+
+**Resource-Constrained Environments and IoT:** In scenarios with very limited memory or processing power (say, one megabyte of memory and 100MHz of processing power on a low-powered ARM Cortex-M), you will likely need to use a low-level language to directly talk to the display to output basic text and images. Even on slightly higher-powered single-chip devices you might want to consider an embedded UI framework. A classic example is a smart watch.
+
+**Small Disk Footprint**: Zipped Electron apps are usually around 80 to 100 Megabytes. If a smaller disk footprint is a hard requirement, you’ll have to use something else.
+
+**Operating System UI Frameworks and Libraries**: By allowing you to write native code, Electron can do anything a native application can do, including the use of the operating system’s UI components, like WinUI, SwiftUI, or AppKit. In practice, most Electron apps make rare use of that ability. If you want the majority of your app to be built with operating system-provided interface components, you’ll likely be better off building fully native apps for each operating system you’d like to target. It’s not that it’s impossible with Electron, it’ll just likely be an overall easier development process.
+
+**Games and Real-Time Graphics:** If you're building a high-performance game or application requiring complex real-time 3D graphics, native frameworks like Unity, Unreal Engine, or DirectX/OpenGL will provide better performance and more direct access to graphics hardware. Web fans might point out caveats, like the fact that even Unreal Engine ships with Chromium — or that WebGPU and WebGL are developing rapidly and many game engines, including the ones listed here, can now output their games in a format that runs in a browser. That said, if you asked us to build the next AAA game, we’d likely use something else than just web technologies.
+
+**Embedding Lightweight Websites**: Electron apps typically are mostly web apps with native code sprinkled in where useful. Processing-heavy Electron applications tend to write the UI in HTML/CSS and build the backend in Rust, C++, or another native language. If you’re planning to build a primarily native application that also wants to display a little website in a specific view, you might be better off using the OS-provided web view or something like [ultralight](https://ultralig.ht/).

electron_paks.gni

@@ -55,7 +55,6 @@ template("electron_extra_paks") {
       "$root_gen_dir/chrome/accessibility_resources.pak",
       "$root_gen_dir/chrome/browser_resources.pak",
       "$root_gen_dir/chrome/common_resources.pak",
-      "$root_gen_dir/chrome/dev_ui_browser_resources.pak",
       "$root_gen_dir/components/components_resources.pak",
       "$root_gen_dir/content/browser/resources/media/media_internals_resources.pak",
       "$root_gen_dir/content/browser/tracing/tracing_resources.pak",
@@ -69,7 +68,6 @@ template("electron_extra_paks") {
       "$target_gen_dir/electron_resources.pak",
     ]
     deps = [
-      "//chrome/browser:dev_ui_browser_resources",
       "//chrome/browser:resources",
       "//chrome/browser/resources/accessibility:resources",
       "//chrome/common:resources",
@@ -178,7 +176,7 @@ template("electron_paks") {
     }
 
     source_patterns = [
-      "${root_gen_dir}/chrome/chromium_strings_",
+      "${root_gen_dir}/chrome/branded_strings_",
       "${root_gen_dir}/chrome/locale_settings_",
       "${root_gen_dir}/chrome/platform_locale_settings_",
       "${root_gen_dir}/chrome/generated_resources_",

filenames.auto.gni

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ auto_filenames = {
     "docs/api/global-shortcut.md",
     "docs/api/in-app-purchase.md",
     "docs/api/incoming-message.md",
+    "docs/api/ipc-main-service-worker.md",
     "docs/api/ipc-main.md",
     "docs/api/ipc-renderer.md",
     "docs/api/menu-item.md",
@@ -45,6 +46,7 @@ auto_filenames = {
     "docs/api/push-notifications.md",
     "docs/api/safe-storage.md",
     "docs/api/screen.md",
+    "docs/api/service-worker-main.md",
     "docs/api/service-workers.md",
     "docs/api/session.md",
     "docs/api/share-menu.md",
@@ -94,6 +96,8 @@ auto_filenames = {
     "docs/api/structures/input-event.md",
     "docs/api/structures/ipc-main-event.md",
     "docs/api/structures/ipc-main-invoke-event.md",
+    "docs/api/structures/ipc-main-service-worker-event.md",
+    "docs/api/structures/ipc-main-service-worker-invoke-event.md",
     "docs/api/structures/ipc-renderer-event.md",
     "docs/api/structures/jump-list-category.md",
     "docs/api/structures/jump-list-item.md",
@@ -114,6 +118,8 @@ auto_filenames = {
     "docs/api/structures/permission-request.md",
     "docs/api/structures/point.md",
     "docs/api/structures/post-body.md",
+    "docs/api/structures/preload-script-registration.md",
+    "docs/api/structures/preload-script.md",
     "docs/api/structures/printer-info.md",
     "docs/api/structures/process-memory-info.md",
     "docs/api/structures/process-metric.md",
@@ -169,6 +175,8 @@ auto_filenames = {
     "lib/renderer/api/web-utils.ts",
     "lib/renderer/common-init.ts",
     "lib/renderer/inspector.ts",
+    "lib/renderer/ipc-native-setup.ts",
+    "lib/renderer/ipc-renderer-bindings.ts",
     "lib/renderer/ipc-renderer-internal-utils.ts",
     "lib/renderer/ipc-renderer-internal.ts",
     "lib/renderer/security-warnings.ts",
@@ -183,6 +191,8 @@ auto_filenames = {
     "lib/sandboxed_renderer/api/exports/electron.ts",
     "lib/sandboxed_renderer/api/module-list.ts",
     "lib/sandboxed_renderer/init.ts",
+    "lib/sandboxed_renderer/pre-init.ts",
+    "lib/sandboxed_renderer/preload.ts",
     "package.json",
     "tsconfig.electron.json",
     "tsconfig.json",
@@ -239,6 +249,7 @@ auto_filenames = {
     "lib/browser/api/push-notifications.ts",
     "lib/browser/api/safe-storage.ts",
     "lib/browser/api/screen.ts",
+    "lib/browser/api/service-worker-main.ts",
     "lib/browser/api/session.ts",
     "lib/browser/api/share-menu.ts",
     "lib/browser/api/system-preferences.ts",
@@ -255,6 +266,7 @@ auto_filenames = {
     "lib/browser/guest-view-manager.ts",
     "lib/browser/guest-window-manager.ts",
     "lib/browser/init.ts",
+    "lib/browser/ipc-dispatch.ts",
     "lib/browser/ipc-main-impl.ts",
     "lib/browser/ipc-main-internal-utils.ts",
     "lib/browser/ipc-main-internal.ts",
@@ -299,6 +311,8 @@ auto_filenames = {
     "lib/renderer/common-init.ts",
     "lib/renderer/init.ts",
     "lib/renderer/inspector.ts",
+    "lib/renderer/ipc-native-setup.ts",
+    "lib/renderer/ipc-renderer-bindings.ts",
     "lib/renderer/ipc-renderer-internal-utils.ts",
     "lib/renderer/ipc-renderer-internal.ts",
     "lib/renderer/security-warnings.ts",
@@ -333,6 +347,7 @@ auto_filenames = {
     "lib/renderer/api/module-list.ts",
     "lib/renderer/api/web-frame.ts",
     "lib/renderer/api/web-utils.ts",
+    "lib/renderer/ipc-renderer-bindings.ts",
     "lib/renderer/ipc-renderer-internal-utils.ts",
     "lib/renderer/ipc-renderer-internal.ts",
     "lib/worker/init.ts",
@@ -373,4 +388,27 @@ auto_filenames = {
     "typings/internal-ambient.d.ts",
     "typings/internal-electron.d.ts",
   ]
+
+  preload_realm_bundle_deps = [
+    "lib/common/api/native-image.ts",
+    "lib/common/define-properties.ts",
+    "lib/common/ipc-messages.ts",
+    "lib/common/webpack-globals-provider.ts",
+    "lib/preload_realm/api/exports/electron.ts",
+    "lib/preload_realm/api/module-list.ts",
+    "lib/preload_realm/init.ts",
+    "lib/renderer/api/context-bridge.ts",
+    "lib/renderer/api/ipc-renderer.ts",
+    "lib/renderer/ipc-native-setup.ts",
+    "lib/renderer/ipc-renderer-bindings.ts",
+    "lib/renderer/ipc-renderer-internal-utils.ts",
+    "lib/renderer/ipc-renderer-internal.ts",
+    "lib/sandboxed_renderer/pre-init.ts",
+    "lib/sandboxed_renderer/preload.ts",
+    "package.json",
+    "tsconfig.electron.json",
+    "tsconfig.json",
+    "typings/internal-ambient.d.ts",
+    "typings/internal-electron.d.ts",
+  ]
 }

filenames.gni

@@ -159,12 +159,8 @@ filenames = {
     "shell/browser/osr/osr_web_contents_view_mac.mm",
     "shell/browser/relauncher_mac.cc",
     "shell/browser/ui/certificate_trust_mac.mm",
-    "shell/browser/ui/cocoa/delayed_native_view_host.h",
-    "shell/browser/ui/cocoa/delayed_native_view_host.mm",
     "shell/browser/ui/cocoa/electron_bundle_mover.h",
     "shell/browser/ui/cocoa/electron_bundle_mover.mm",
-    "shell/browser/ui/cocoa/electron_inspectable_web_contents_view.h",
-    "shell/browser/ui/cocoa/electron_inspectable_web_contents_view.mm",
     "shell/browser/ui/cocoa/electron_menu_controller.h",
     "shell/browser/ui/cocoa/electron_menu_controller.mm",
     "shell/browser/ui/cocoa/electron_native_widget_mac.h",
@@ -191,8 +187,6 @@ filenames = {
     "shell/browser/ui/cocoa/window_buttons_proxy.mm",
     "shell/browser/ui/drag_util_mac.mm",
     "shell/browser/ui/file_dialog_mac.mm",
-    "shell/browser/ui/inspectable_web_contents_view_mac.h",
-    "shell/browser/ui/inspectable_web_contents_view_mac.mm",
     "shell/browser/ui/message_box_mac.mm",
     "shell/browser/ui/tray_icon_cocoa.h",
     "shell/browser/ui/tray_icon_cocoa.mm",
@@ -224,8 +218,6 @@ filenames = {
     "shell/browser/ui/views/electron_views_delegate.h",
     "shell/browser/ui/views/frameless_view.cc",
     "shell/browser/ui/views/frameless_view.h",
-    "shell/browser/ui/views/inspectable_web_contents_view_views.cc",
-    "shell/browser/ui/views/inspectable_web_contents_view_views.h",
     "shell/browser/ui/views/menu_bar.cc",
     "shell/browser/ui/views/menu_bar.h",
     "shell/browser/ui/views/menu_delegate.cc",
@@ -304,6 +296,8 @@ filenames = {
     "shell/browser/api/electron_api_screen.h",
     "shell/browser/api/electron_api_service_worker_context.cc",
     "shell/browser/api/electron_api_service_worker_context.h",
+    "shell/browser/api/electron_api_service_worker_main.cc",
+    "shell/browser/api/electron_api_service_worker_main.h",
     "shell/browser/api/electron_api_session.cc",
     "shell/browser/api/electron_api_session.h",
     "shell/browser/api/electron_api_system_preferences.cc",
@@ -330,6 +324,7 @@ filenames = {
     "shell/browser/api/gpu_info_enumerator.h",
     "shell/browser/api/gpuinfo_manager.cc",
     "shell/browser/api/gpuinfo_manager.h",
+    "shell/browser/api/ipc_dispatcher.h",
     "shell/browser/api/message_port.cc",
     "shell/browser/api/message_port.h",
     "shell/browser/api/process_metric.cc",
@@ -361,6 +356,8 @@ filenames = {
     "shell/browser/draggable_region_provider.h",
     "shell/browser/electron_api_ipc_handler_impl.cc",
     "shell/browser/electron_api_ipc_handler_impl.h",
+    "shell/browser/electron_api_sw_ipc_handler_impl.cc",
+    "shell/browser/electron_api_sw_ipc_handler_impl.h",
     "shell/browser/electron_autofill_driver.cc",
     "shell/browser/electron_autofill_driver.h",
     "shell/browser/electron_autofill_driver_factory.cc",
@@ -482,6 +479,7 @@ filenames = {
     "shell/browser/osr/osr_web_contents_view.h",
     "shell/browser/plugins/plugin_utils.cc",
     "shell/browser/plugins/plugin_utils.h",
+    "shell/browser/preload_script.h",
     "shell/browser/protocol_registry.cc",
     "shell/browser/protocol_registry.h",
     "shell/browser/relauncher.cc",
@@ -621,6 +619,8 @@ filenames = {
     "shell/common/gin_converters/osr_converter.cc",
     "shell/common/gin_converters/osr_converter.h",
     "shell/common/gin_converters/serial_port_info_converter.h",
+    "shell/common/gin_converters/service_worker_converter.cc",
+    "shell/common/gin_converters/service_worker_converter.h",
     "shell/common/gin_converters/std_converter.h",
     "shell/common/gin_converters/time_converter.cc",
     "shell/common/gin_converters/time_converter.h",
@@ -661,6 +661,8 @@ filenames = {
     "shell/common/gin_helper/pinnable.h",
     "shell/common/gin_helper/promise.cc",
     "shell/common/gin_helper/promise.h",
+    "shell/common/gin_helper/reply_channel.cc",
+    "shell/common/gin_helper/reply_channel.h",
     "shell/common/gin_helper/trackable_object.cc",
     "shell/common/gin_helper/trackable_object.h",
     "shell/common/gin_helper/wrappable.cc",
@@ -710,14 +712,22 @@ filenames = {
     "shell/renderer/electron_api_service_impl.h",
     "shell/renderer/electron_autofill_agent.cc",
     "shell/renderer/electron_autofill_agent.h",
+    "shell/renderer/electron_ipc_native.cc",
+    "shell/renderer/electron_ipc_native.h",
     "shell/renderer/electron_render_frame_observer.cc",
     "shell/renderer/electron_render_frame_observer.h",
     "shell/renderer/electron_renderer_client.cc",
     "shell/renderer/electron_renderer_client.h",
     "shell/renderer/electron_sandboxed_renderer_client.cc",
     "shell/renderer/electron_sandboxed_renderer_client.h",
+    "shell/renderer/preload_realm_context.cc",
+    "shell/renderer/preload_realm_context.h",
+    "shell/renderer/preload_utils.cc",
+    "shell/renderer/preload_utils.h",
     "shell/renderer/renderer_client_base.cc",
     "shell/renderer/renderer_client_base.h",
+    "shell/renderer/service_worker_data.cc",
+    "shell/renderer/service_worker_data.h",
     "shell/renderer/web_worker_observer.cc",
     "shell/renderer/web_worker_observer.h",
     "shell/services/node/node_service.cc",

filenames.libcxx.gni

@@ -74,6 +74,7 @@ libcxx_headers = [
   "//third_party/libc++/src/include/__algorithm/prev_permutation.h",
   "//third_party/libc++/src/include/__algorithm/pstl.h",
   "//third_party/libc++/src/include/__algorithm/push_heap.h",
+  "//third_party/libc++/src/include/__algorithm/radix_sort.h",
   "//third_party/libc++/src/include/__algorithm/ranges_adjacent_find.h",
   "//third_party/libc++/src/include/__algorithm/ranges_all_of.h",
   "//third_party/libc++/src/include/__algorithm/ranges_any_of.h",
@@ -1517,7 +1518,6 @@ libcxx_headers = [
   "//third_party/libc++/src/include/__iterator/wrap_iter.h",
   "//third_party/libc++/src/include/__locale",
   "//third_party/libc++/src/include/__locale_dir/locale_base_api/android.h",
-  "//third_party/libc++/src/include/__locale_dir/locale_base_api/bsd_locale_defaults.h",
   "//third_party/libc++/src/include/__locale_dir/locale_base_api/bsd_locale_fallbacks.h",
   "//third_party/libc++/src/include/__locale_dir/locale_base_api/fuchsia.h",
   "//third_party/libc++/src/include/__locale_dir/locale_base_api/ibm.h",

lib/browser/api/module-list.ts

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ export const browserModuleList: ElectronInternal.ModuleEntry[] = [
   { name: 'protocol', loader: () => require('./protocol') },
   { name: 'safeStorage', loader: () => require('./safe-storage') },
   { name: 'screen', loader: () => require('./screen') },
+  { name: 'ServiceWorkerMain', loader: () => require('./service-worker-main') },
   { name: 'session', loader: () => require('./session') },
   { name: 'ShareMenu', loader: () => require('./share-menu') },
   { name: 'systemPreferences', loader: () => require('./system-preferences') },

lib/browser/api/service-worker-main.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+import { IpcMainImpl } from '@electron/internal/browser/ipc-main-impl';
+
+const { ServiceWorkerMain } = process._linkedBinding('electron_browser_service_worker_main');
+
+Object.defineProperty(ServiceWorkerMain.prototype, 'ipc', {
+  get () {
+    const ipc = new IpcMainImpl();
+    Object.defineProperty(this, 'ipc', { value: ipc });
+    return ipc;
+  }
+});
+
+ServiceWorkerMain.prototype.send = function (channel, ...args) {
+  if (typeof channel !== 'string') {
+    throw new TypeError('Missing required channel argument');
+  }
+
+  try {
+    return this._send(false /* internal */, channel, args);
+  } catch (e) {
+    console.error('Error sending from ServiceWorkerMain: ', e);
+  }
+};
+
+ServiceWorkerMain.prototype.startTask = function () {
+  // TODO(samuelmaddock): maybe make timeout configurable in the future
+  const hasTimeout = false;
+  const { id, ok } = this._startExternalRequest(hasTimeout);
+
+  if (!ok) {
+    throw new Error('Unable to start service worker task.');
+  }
+
+  return {
+    end: () => this._finishExternalRequest(id)
+  };
+};
+
+module.exports = ServiceWorkerMain;

lib/browser/api/session.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 import { fetchWithSession } from '@electron/internal/browser/api/net-fetch';
+import { addIpcDispatchListeners } from '@electron/internal/browser/ipc-dispatch';
+import * as deprecate from '@electron/internal/common/deprecate';
 
 import { net } from 'electron/main';
 
@@ -20,6 +22,10 @@ Object.defineProperty(systemPickerVideoSource, 'id', {
 systemPickerVideoSource.name = '';
 Object.freeze(systemPickerVideoSource);
 
+Session.prototype._init = function () {
+  addIpcDispatchListeners(this, this.serviceWorkers);
+};
+
 Session.prototype.fetch = function (input: RequestInfo, init?: RequestInit) {
   return fetchWithSession(input, init, this, net.request);
 };
@@ -36,6 +42,31 @@ Session.prototype.setDisplayMediaRequestHandler = function (handler, opts) {
   }, opts);
 };
 
+const getPreloadsDeprecated = deprecate.warnOnce('session.getPreloads', 'session.getPreloadScripts');
+Session.prototype.getPreloads = function () {
+  getPreloadsDeprecated();
+  return this.getPreloadScripts()
+    .filter((script) => script.type === 'frame')
+    .map((script) => script.filePath);
+};
+
+const setPreloadsDeprecated = deprecate.warnOnce('session.setPreloads', 'session.registerPreloadScript');
+Session.prototype.setPreloads = function (preloads) {
+  setPreloadsDeprecated();
+  this.getPreloadScripts()
+    .filter((script) => script.type === 'frame')
+    .forEach((script) => {
+      this.unregisterPreloadScript(script.id);
+    });
+  preloads.map(filePath => ({
+    type: 'frame',
+    filePath,
+    _deprecated: true
+  }) as Electron.PreloadScriptRegistration).forEach(script => {
+    this.registerPreloadScript(script);
+  });
+};
+
 export default {
   fromPartition,
   fromPath,

lib/browser/api/system-preferences.ts

@@ -20,4 +20,12 @@ if ('accessibilityDisplayShouldReduceTransparency' in systemPreferences) {
   });
 }
 
+if (process.platform === 'win32') {
+  const isAeroGlassEnabledDeprecated = deprecate.warnOnce('systemPreferences.isAeroGlassEnabled');
+  systemPreferences.isAeroGlassEnabled = () => {
+    isAeroGlassEnabledDeprecated();
+    return true;
+  };
+}
+
 export default systemPreferences;

lib/browser/api/web-contents.ts

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import * as deprecate from '@electron/internal/common/deprecate';
 import { IPC_MESSAGES } from '@electron/internal/common/ipc-messages';
 
 import { app, ipcMain, session, webFrameMain, dialog } from 'electron/main';
-import type { BrowserWindowConstructorOptions, MessageBoxOptions } from 'electron/main';
+import type { BrowserWindowConstructorOptions, MessageBoxOptions, NavigationEntry } from 'electron/main';
 
 import * as path from 'path';
 import * as url from 'url';
@@ -343,8 +343,8 @@ WebContents.prototype.loadFile = function (filePath, options = {}) {
 
 type LoadError = { errorCode: number, errorDescription: string, url: string };
 
-WebContents.prototype.loadURL = function (url, options) {
-  const p = new Promise<void>((resolve, reject) => {
+function _awaitNextLoad (this: Electron.WebContents, navigationUrl: string) {
+  return new Promise<void>((resolve, reject) => {
     const resolveAndCleanup = () => {
       removeListeners();
       resolve();
@@ -402,7 +402,7 @@ WebContents.prototype.loadURL = function (url, options) {
       // the only one is with a bad scheme, perhaps ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT
       // would be more appropriate.
       if (!error) {
-        error = { errorCode: -2, errorDescription: 'ERR_FAILED', url };
+        error = { errorCode: -2, errorDescription: 'ERR_FAILED', url: navigationUrl };
       }
       finishListener();
     };
@@ -426,6 +426,10 @@ WebContents.prototype.loadURL = function (url, options) {
     this.on('did-stop-loading', stopLoadingListener);
     this.on('destroyed', stopLoadingListener);
   });
+};
+
+WebContents.prototype.loadURL = function (url, options) {
+  const p = _awaitNextLoad.call(this, url);
   // Add a no-op rejection handler to silence the unhandled rejection error.
   p.catch(() => {});
   this._loadURL(url, options ?? {});
@@ -611,7 +615,27 @@ WebContents.prototype._init = function () {
       length: this._historyLength.bind(this),
       getEntryAtIndex: this._getNavigationEntryAtIndex.bind(this),
       removeEntryAtIndex: this._removeNavigationEntryAtIndex.bind(this),
-      getAllEntries: this._getHistory.bind(this)
+      getAllEntries: this._getHistory.bind(this),
+      restore: ({ index, entries }: { index?: number, entries: NavigationEntry[] }) => {
+        if (index === undefined) {
+          index = entries.length - 1;
+        }
+
+        if (index < 0 || !entries[index]) {
+          throw new Error('Invalid index. Index must be a positive integer and within the bounds of the entries length.');
+        }
+
+        const p = _awaitNextLoad.call(this, entries[index].url);
+        p.catch(() => {});
+
+        try {
+          this._restoreHistory(index, entries);
+        } catch (error) {
+          return Promise.reject(error);
+        }
+
+        return p;
+      }
     },
     writable: false,
     enumerable: true

lib/browser/devtools.ts

@@ -69,6 +69,7 @@ const assertChromeDevTools = function (contents: Electron.WebContents, api: stri
 
 ipcMainInternal.handle(IPC_MESSAGES.INSPECTOR_CONTEXT_MENU, function (event, items: ContextMenuItem[], isEditMenu: boolean) {
   return new Promise<number | void>(resolve => {
+    if (event.type !== 'frame') return;
     assertChromeDevTools(event.sender, 'window.InspectorFrontendHost.showContextMenuAtPoint()');
 
     const template = isEditMenu ? getEditMenuItems() : convertToMenuTemplate(items, resolve);
@@ -80,6 +81,7 @@ ipcMainInternal.handle(IPC_MESSAGES.INSPECTOR_CONTEXT_MENU, function (event, ite
 });
 
 ipcMainInternal.handle(IPC_MESSAGES.INSPECTOR_SELECT_FILE, async function (event) {
+  if (event.type !== 'frame') return [];
   assertChromeDevTools(event.sender, 'window.UI.createFileSelectorElement()');
 
   const result = await dialog.showOpenDialog({});
@@ -92,6 +94,7 @@ ipcMainInternal.handle(IPC_MESSAGES.INSPECTOR_SELECT_FILE, async function (event
 });
 
 ipcMainUtils.handleSync(IPC_MESSAGES.INSPECTOR_CONFIRM, async function (event, message: string = '', title: string = '') {
+  if (event.type !== 'frame') return;
   assertChromeDevTools(event.sender, 'window.confirm()');
 
   const options = {

lib/browser/guest-view-manager.ts

@@ -267,9 +267,10 @@ const isWebViewTagEnabled = function (contents: Electron.WebContents) {
 };
 
 const makeSafeHandler = function<Event extends { sender: Electron.WebContents }> (channel: string, handler: (event: Event, ...args: any[]) => any) {
-  return (event: Event, ...args: any[]) => {
+  return (event: Electron.IpcMainInvokeEvent | Electron.IpcMainServiceWorkerInvokeEvent, ...args: any[]) => {
+    if (event.type !== 'frame') return;
     if (isWebViewTagEnabled(event.sender)) {
-      return handler(event, ...args);
+      return handler(event as unknown as Event, ...args);
     } else {
       console.error(`<webview> IPC message ${channel} sent by WebContents with <webview> disabled (${event.sender.id})`);
       throw new Error('<webview> disabled');
@@ -281,7 +282,7 @@ const handleMessage = function (channel: string, handler: (event: Electron.IpcMa
   ipcMainInternal.handle(channel, makeSafeHandler(channel, handler));
 };
 
-const handleMessageSync = function (channel: string, handler: (event: ElectronInternal.IpcMainInternalEvent, ...args: any[]) => any) {
+const handleMessageSync = function (channel: string, handler: (event: { sender: Electron.WebContents }, ...args: any[]) => any) {
   ipcMainUtils.handleSync(channel, makeSafeHandler(channel, handler));
 };
 
@@ -294,8 +295,10 @@ handleMessageSync(IPC_MESSAGES.GUEST_VIEW_MANAGER_DETACH_GUEST, function (event,
 });
 
 // this message is sent by the actual <webview>
-ipcMainInternal.on(IPC_MESSAGES.GUEST_VIEW_MANAGER_FOCUS_CHANGE, function (event: ElectronInternal.IpcMainInternalEvent, focus: boolean) {
-  event.sender.emit('-focus-change', {}, focus);
+ipcMainInternal.on(IPC_MESSAGES.GUEST_VIEW_MANAGER_FOCUS_CHANGE, function (event, focus: boolean) {
+  if (event.type === 'frame') {
+    event.sender.emit('-focus-change', {}, focus);
+  }
 });
 
 handleMessage(IPC_MESSAGES.GUEST_VIEW_MANAGER_CALL, function (event, guestInstanceId: number, method: string, args: any[]) {

lib/browser/init.ts

@@ -146,6 +146,9 @@ require('@electron/internal/browser/devtools');
 // Load protocol module to ensure it is populated on app ready
 require('@electron/internal/browser/api/protocol');
 
+// Load service-worker-main module to ensure it is populated on app ready
+require('@electron/internal/browser/api/service-worker-main');
+
 // Load web-contents module to ensure it is populated on app ready
 require('@electron/internal/browser/api/web-contents');
 

lib/browser/ipc-dispatch.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+import { ipcMainInternal } from '@electron/internal/browser/ipc-main-internal';
+import { MessagePortMain } from '@electron/internal/browser/message-port-main';
+
+import type { ServiceWorkerMain } from 'electron/main';
+
+const v8Util = process._linkedBinding('electron_common_v8_util');
+
+const addReturnValueToEvent = (event: Electron.IpcMainEvent | Electron.IpcMainServiceWorkerEvent) => {
+  Object.defineProperty(event, 'returnValue', {
+    set: (value) => event._replyChannel.sendReply(value),
+    get: () => {}
+  });
+};
+
+/**
+ * Listens for IPC dispatch events on `api`.
+ *
+ * NOTE: Currently this only supports dispatching IPCs for ServiceWorkerMain.
+ */
+export function addIpcDispatchListeners (api: NodeJS.EventEmitter, serviceWorkers: Electron.ServiceWorkers) {
+  const getServiceWorkerFromEvent = (event: Electron.IpcMainServiceWorkerEvent | Electron.IpcMainServiceWorkerInvokeEvent): ServiceWorkerMain | undefined => {
+    return serviceWorkers._getWorkerFromVersionIDIfExists(event.versionId);
+  };
+  const addServiceWorkerPropertyToEvent = (event: Electron.IpcMainServiceWorkerEvent | Electron.IpcMainServiceWorkerInvokeEvent) => {
+    Object.defineProperty(event, 'serviceWorker', {
+      get: () => serviceWorkers.getWorkerFromVersionID(event.versionId)
+    });
+  };
+
+  api.on('-ipc-message' as any, function (event: Electron.IpcMainEvent | Electron.IpcMainServiceWorkerEvent, channel: string, args: any[]) {
+    const internal = v8Util.getHiddenValue<boolean>(event, 'internal');
+
+    if (internal) {
+      ipcMainInternal.emit(channel, event, ...args);
+    } else if (event.type === 'service-worker') {
+      addServiceWorkerPropertyToEvent(event);
+      getServiceWorkerFromEvent(event)?.ipc.emit(channel, event, ...args);
+    }
+  } as any);
+
+  api.on('-ipc-invoke' as any, async function (event: Electron.IpcMainInvokeEvent | Electron.IpcMainServiceWorkerInvokeEvent, channel: string, args: any[]) {
+    const internal = v8Util.getHiddenValue<boolean>(event, 'internal');
+
+    const replyWithResult = (result: any) => event._replyChannel.sendReply({ result });
+    const replyWithError = (error: Error) => {
+      console.error(`Error occurred in handler for '${channel}':`, error);
+      event._replyChannel.sendReply({ error: error.toString() });
+    };
+
+    const targets: (Electron.IpcMainServiceWorker | ElectronInternal.IpcMainInternal | undefined)[] = [];
+
+    if (internal) {
+      targets.push(ipcMainInternal);
+    } else if (event.type === 'service-worker') {
+      addServiceWorkerPropertyToEvent(event);
+      const workerIpc = getServiceWorkerFromEvent(event)?.ipc;
+      targets.push(workerIpc);
+    }
+
+    const target = targets.find(target => (target as any)?._invokeHandlers.has(channel));
+    if (target) {
+      const handler = (target as any)._invokeHandlers.get(channel);
+      try {
+        replyWithResult(await Promise.resolve(handler(event, ...args)));
+      } catch (err) {
+        replyWithError(err as Error);
+      }
+    } else {
+      replyWithError(new Error(`No handler registered for '${channel}'`));
+    }
+  } as any);
+
+  api.on('-ipc-message-sync' as any, function (event: Electron.IpcMainEvent | Electron.IpcMainServiceWorkerEvent, channel: string, args: any[]) {
+    const internal = v8Util.getHiddenValue<boolean>(event, 'internal');
+    addReturnValueToEvent(event);
+    if (internal) {
+      ipcMainInternal.emit(channel, event, ...args);
+    } else if (event.type === 'service-worker') {
+      addServiceWorkerPropertyToEvent(event);
+      getServiceWorkerFromEvent(event)?.ipc.emit(channel, event, ...args);
+    }
+  } as any);
+
+  api.on('-ipc-ports' as any, function (event: Electron.IpcMainEvent | Electron.IpcMainServiceWorkerEvent, channel: string, message: any, ports: any[]) {
+    event.ports = ports.map(p => new MessagePortMain(p));
+    if (event.type === 'service-worker') {
+      addServiceWorkerPropertyToEvent(event);
+      getServiceWorkerFromEvent(event)?.ipc.emit(channel, event, message);
+    }
+  } as any);
+}

lib/browser/ipc-main-internal-utils.ts

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ export function invokeInWebContents<T> (sender: Electron.WebContents, command: s
     const requestId = ++nextId;
     const channel = `${command}_RESPONSE_${requestId}`;
     ipcMainInternal.on(channel, function handler (event, error: Error, result: any) {
-      if (event.sender !== sender) {
+      if (event.type === 'frame' && event.sender !== sender) {
         console.error(`Reply to ${command} sent by unexpected WebContents (${event.sender.id})`);
         return;
       }

lib/browser/rpc-server.ts

@@ -5,9 +5,12 @@ import { IPC_MESSAGES } from '@electron/internal/common/ipc-messages';
 import { clipboard } from 'electron/common';
 
 import * as fs from 'fs';
+import * as path from 'path';
 
 // Implements window.close()
 ipcMainInternal.on(IPC_MESSAGES.BROWSER_WINDOW_CLOSE, function (event) {
+  if (event.type !== 'frame') return;
+
   const window = event.sender.getOwnerBrowserWindow();
   if (window) {
     window.close();
@@ -16,10 +19,12 @@ ipcMainInternal.on(IPC_MESSAGES.BROWSER_WINDOW_CLOSE, function (event) {
 });
 
 ipcMainInternal.handle(IPC_MESSAGES.BROWSER_GET_LAST_WEB_PREFERENCES, function (event) {
+  if (event.type !== 'frame') return;
   return event.sender.getLastWebPreferences();
 });
 
 ipcMainInternal.handle(IPC_MESSAGES.BROWSER_GET_PROCESS_MEMORY_INFO, function (event) {
+  if (event.type !== 'frame') return;
   return event.sender._getProcessMemoryInfo();
 });
 
@@ -43,22 +48,47 @@ ipcMainUtils.handleSync(IPC_MESSAGES.BROWSER_CLIPBOARD_SYNC, function (event, me
   return (clipboard as any)[method](...args);
 });
 
-const getPreloadScript = async function (preloadPath: string) {
-  let preloadSrc = null;
-  let preloadError = null;
-  try {
-    preloadSrc = await fs.promises.readFile(preloadPath, 'utf8');
-  } catch (error) {
-    preloadError = error;
+const getPreloadScriptsFromEvent = (event: ElectronInternal.IpcMainInternalEvent) => {
+  const session: Electron.Session = event.type === 'service-worker' ? event.session : event.sender.session;
+  let preloadScripts = session.getPreloadScripts();
+
+  if (event.type === 'frame') {
+    preloadScripts = preloadScripts.filter(script => script.type === 'frame');
+
+    const webPrefPreload = event.sender._getPreloadScript();
+    if (webPrefPreload) preloadScripts.push(webPrefPreload);
+  } else if (event.type === 'service-worker') {
+    preloadScripts = preloadScripts.filter(script => script.type === 'service-worker');
+  } else {
+    throw new Error(`getPreloadScriptsFromEvent: event.type is invalid (${(event as any).type})`);
   }
-  return { preloadPath, preloadSrc, preloadError };
+
+  // TODO(samuelmaddock): Remove filter after Session.setPreloads is fully
+  // deprecated. The new API will prevent relative paths from being registered.
+  return preloadScripts.filter(script => path.isAbsolute(script.filePath));
+};
+
+const readPreloadScript = async function (script: Electron.PreloadScript): Promise<ElectronInternal.PreloadScript> {
+  let contents;
+  let error;
+  try {
+    contents = await fs.promises.readFile(script.filePath, 'utf8');
+  } catch (err) {
+    if (err instanceof Error) {
+      error = err;
+    }
+  }
+  return {
+    ...script,
+    contents,
+    error
+  };
 };
 
 ipcMainUtils.handleSync(IPC_MESSAGES.BROWSER_SANDBOX_LOAD, async function (event) {
-  const preloadPaths = event.sender._getPreloadPaths();
-
+  const preloadScripts = getPreloadScriptsFromEvent(event);
   return {
-    preloadScripts: await Promise.all(preloadPaths.map(path => getPreloadScript(path))),
+    preloadScripts: await Promise.all(preloadScripts.map(readPreloadScript)),
     process: {
       arch: process.arch,
       platform: process.platform,
@@ -71,9 +101,11 @@ ipcMainUtils.handleSync(IPC_MESSAGES.BROWSER_SANDBOX_LOAD, async function (event
 });
 
 ipcMainUtils.handleSync(IPC_MESSAGES.BROWSER_NONSANDBOX_LOAD, function (event) {
-  return { preloadPaths: event.sender._getPreloadPaths() };
+  const preloadScripts = getPreloadScriptsFromEvent(event);
+  return { preloadPaths: preloadScripts.map(script => script.filePath) };
 });
 
 ipcMainInternal.on(IPC_MESSAGES.BROWSER_PRELOAD_ERROR, function (event, preloadPath: string, error: Error) {
-  event.sender.emit('preload-error', event, preloadPath, error);
+  if (event.type !== 'frame') return;
+  event.sender?.emit('preload-error', event, preloadPath, error);
 });

lib/node/asar-fs-wrapper.ts

@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@ const nextTick = (functionToCall: Function, args: any[] = []) => {
   process.nextTick(() => functionToCall(...args));
 };
 
+const binding = internalBinding('fs');
+
 // Cache asar archive objects.
 const cachedArchives = new Map<string, NodeJS.AsarArchive>();
 
@@ -705,7 +707,137 @@ export const wrapFsWithAsar = (fs: Record<string, any>) => {
   };
 
   type ReaddirOptions = { encoding: BufferEncoding | null; withFileTypes?: false, recursive?: false } | undefined | null;
-  type ReaddirCallback = (err: NodeJS.ErrnoException | null, files: string[]) => void;
+  type ReaddirCallback = (err: NodeJS.ErrnoException | null, files?: string[]) => void;
+
+  const processReaddirResult = (args: any) => (args.context.withFileTypes ? handleDirents(args) : handleFilePaths(args));
+
+  function handleDirents ({ result, currentPath, context }: { result: any[], currentPath: string, context: any }) {
+    const length = result[0].length;
+    for (let i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+      const resultPath = path.join(currentPath, result[0][i]);
+      const info = splitPath(resultPath);
+
+      let type = result[1][i];
+      if (info.isAsar) {
+        const archive = getOrCreateArchive(info.asarPath);
+        if (!archive) return;
+        const stats = archive.stat(info.filePath);
+        if (!stats) continue;
+        type = stats.type;
+      }
+
+      const dirent = getDirent(currentPath, result[0][i], type);
+      const stat = internalBinding('fs').internalModuleStat(binding, resultPath);
+
+      context.readdirResults.push(dirent);
+      if (dirent.isDirectory() || stat === 1) {
+        context.pathsQueue.push(path.join(dirent.path, dirent.name));
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  function handleFilePaths ({ result, currentPath, context }: { result: string[], currentPath: string, context: any }) {
+    for (let i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
+      const resultPath = path.join(currentPath, result[i]);
+      const relativeResultPath = path.relative(context.basePath, resultPath);
+      const stat = internalBinding('fs').internalModuleStat(binding, resultPath);
+      context.readdirResults.push(relativeResultPath);
+
+      if (stat === 1) {
+        context.pathsQueue.push(resultPath);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  function readdirRecursive (basePath: string, options: ReaddirOptions, callback: ReaddirCallback) {
+    const context = {
+      withFileTypes: Boolean(options!.withFileTypes),
+      encoding: options!.encoding,
+      basePath,
+      readdirResults: [],
+      pathsQueue: [basePath]
+    };
+
+    let i = 0;
+
+    function read (pathArg: string) {
+      const req = new binding.FSReqCallback();
+      req.oncomplete = (err: any, result: string) => {
+        if (err) {
+          callback(err);
+          return;
+        }
+
+        if (result === undefined) {
+          callback(null, context.readdirResults);
+          return;
+        }
+
+        processReaddirResult({
+          result,
+          currentPath: pathArg,
+          context
+        });
+
+        if (i < context.pathsQueue.length) {
+          read(context.pathsQueue[i++]);
+        } else {
+          callback(null, context.readdirResults);
+        }
+      };
+
+      const pathInfo = splitPath(pathArg);
+      if (pathInfo.isAsar) {
+        let readdirResult;
+        const { asarPath, filePath } = pathInfo;
+
+        const archive = getOrCreateArchive(asarPath);
+        if (!archive) {
+          const error = createError(AsarError.INVALID_ARCHIVE, { asarPath });
+          nextTick(callback, [error]);
+          return;
+        }
+
+        readdirResult = archive.readdir(filePath);
+        if (!readdirResult) {
+          const error = createError(AsarError.NOT_FOUND, { asarPath, filePath });
+          nextTick(callback, [error]);
+          return;
+        }
+
+        // If we're in an asar dir, we need to ensure the result is in the same format as the
+        // native call to readdir withFileTypes i.e. an array of arrays.
+        if (context.withFileTypes) {
+          readdirResult = [
+            [...readdirResult], readdirResult.map((p: string) => {
+              return internalBinding('fs').internalModuleStat(binding, path.join(pathArg, p));
+            })
+          ];
+        }
+
+        processReaddirResult({
+          result: readdirResult,
+          currentPath: pathArg,
+          context
+        });
+
+        if (i < context.pathsQueue.length) {
+          read(context.pathsQueue[i++]);
+        } else {
+          callback(null, context.readdirResults);
+        }
+      } else {
+        binding.readdir(
+          pathArg,
+          context.encoding,
+          context.withFileTypes,
+          req
+        );
+      }
+    }
+
+    read(context.pathsQueue[i++]);
+  }
 
   const { readdir } = fs;
   fs.readdir = function (pathArgument: string, options: ReaddirOptions, callback: ReaddirCallback) {
@@ -720,7 +852,7 @@ export const wrapFsWithAsar = (fs: Record<string, any>) => {
     }
 
     if (options?.recursive) {
-      nextTick(callback!, [null, readdirSyncRecursive(pathArgument, options)]);
+      readdirRecursive(pathArgument, options, callback);
       return;
     }
 
@@ -771,7 +903,7 @@ export const wrapFsWithAsar = (fs: Record<string, any>) => {
     }
 
     if (options?.recursive) {
-      return readdirRecursive(pathArgument, options);
+      return readdirRecursivePromises(pathArgument, options);
     }
 
     const pathInfo = splitPath(pathArgument);
@@ -868,12 +1000,10 @@ export const wrapFsWithAsar = (fs: Record<string, any>) => {
     return readPackageJSON(realPath, isESM, base, specifier);
   };
 
-  const binding = internalBinding('fs');
-
   const { internalModuleStat } = binding;
-  internalBinding('fs').internalModuleStat = (pathArgument: string) => {
+  internalBinding('fs').internalModuleStat = (receiver: unknown, pathArgument: string) => {
     const pathInfo = splitPath(pathArgument);
-    if (!pathInfo.isAsar) return internalModuleStat(pathArgument);
+    if (!pathInfo.isAsar) return internalModuleStat(receiver, pathArgument);
     const { asarPath, filePath } = pathInfo;
 
     // -ENOENT
@@ -888,7 +1018,7 @@ export const wrapFsWithAsar = (fs: Record<string, any>) => {
   };
 
   const { kUsePromises } = binding;
-  async function readdirRecursive (originalPath: string, options: ReaddirOptions) {
+  async function readdirRecursivePromises (originalPath: string, options: ReaddirOptions) {
     const result: any[] = [];
 
     const pathInfo = splitPath(originalPath);
@@ -908,7 +1038,7 @@ export const wrapFsWithAsar = (fs: Record<string, any>) => {
       if (withFileTypes) {
         initialItem = [
           [...initialItem], initialItem.map((p: string) => {
-            return internalBinding('fs').internalModuleStat(path.join(originalPath, p));
+            return internalBinding('fs').internalModuleStat(binding, path.join(originalPath, p));
           })
         ];
       }
@@ -941,7 +1071,7 @@ export const wrapFsWithAsar = (fs: Record<string, any>) => {
 
               readdirResult = [
                 [...files], files.map((p: string) => {
-                  return internalBinding('fs').internalModuleStat(path.join(direntPath, p));
+                  return internalBinding('fs').internalModuleStat(binding, path.join(direntPath, p));
                 })
               ];
             } else {
@@ -962,7 +1092,7 @@ export const wrapFsWithAsar = (fs: Record<string, any>) => {
         const { 0: pathArg, 1: readDir } = queue.pop();
         for (const ent of readDir) {
           const direntPath = path.join(pathArg, ent);
-          const stat = internalBinding('fs').internalModuleStat(direntPath);
+          const stat = internalBinding('fs').internalModuleStat(binding, direntPath);
           result.push(path.relative(originalPath, direntPath));
 
           if (stat === 1) {
@@ -992,11 +1122,13 @@ export const wrapFsWithAsar = (fs: Record<string, any>) => {
   }
 
   function readdirSyncRecursive (basePath: string, options: ReaddirOptions) {
-    const withFileTypes = Boolean(options!.withFileTypes);
-    const encoding = options!.encoding;
-
-    const readdirResults: string[] = [];
-    const pathsQueue = [basePath];
+    const context = {
+      withFileTypes: Boolean(options!.withFileTypes),
+      encoding: options!.encoding,
+      basePath,
+      readdirResults: [] as any,
+      pathsQueue: [basePath]
+    };
 
     function read (pathArg: string) {
       let readdirResult;
@@ -1011,62 +1143,37 @@ export const wrapFsWithAsar = (fs: Record<string, any>) => {
         if (!readdirResult) return;
         // If we're in an asar dir, we need to ensure the result is in the same format as the
         // native call to readdir withFileTypes i.e. an array of arrays.
-        if (withFileTypes) {
+        if (context.withFileTypes) {
           readdirResult = [
             [...readdirResult], readdirResult.map((p: string) => {
-              return internalBinding('fs').internalModuleStat(path.join(pathArg, p));
+              return internalBinding('fs').internalModuleStat(binding, path.join(pathArg, p));
             })
           ];
         }
       } else {
         readdirResult = binding.readdir(
           path.toNamespacedPath(pathArg),
-          encoding,
-          withFileTypes
+          context.encoding,
+          context.withFileTypes
         );
       }
 
-      if (readdirResult === undefined) return;
-
-      if (withFileTypes) {
-        const length = readdirResult[0].length;
-        for (let i = 0; i < length; i++) {
-          const resultPath = path.join(pathArg, readdirResult[0][i]);
-          const info = splitPath(resultPath);
-
-          let type = readdirResult[1][i];
-          if (info.isAsar) {
-            const archive = getOrCreateArchive(info.asarPath);
-            if (!archive) return;
-            const stats = archive.stat(info.filePath);
-            if (!stats) continue;
-            type = stats.type;
-          }
-
-          const dirent = getDirent(pathArg, readdirResult[0][i], type);
-
-          readdirResults.push(dirent);
-          if (dirent.isDirectory()) {
-            pathsQueue.push(path.join(dirent.path, dirent.name));
-          }
-        }
-      } else {
-        for (let i = 0; i < readdirResult.length; i++) {
-          const resultPath = path.join(pathArg, readdirResult[i]);
-          const relativeResultPath = path.relative(basePath, resultPath);
-          const stat = internalBinding('fs').internalModuleStat(resultPath);
-
-          readdirResults.push(relativeResultPath);
-          if (stat === 1) pathsQueue.push(resultPath);
-        }
+      if (readdirResult === undefined) {
+        return;
       }
+
+      processReaddirResult({
+        result: readdirResult,
+        currentPath: pathArg,
+        context
+      });
     }
 
-    for (let i = 0; i < pathsQueue.length; i++) {
-      read(pathsQueue[i]);
+    for (let i = 0; i < context.pathsQueue.length; i++) {
+      read(context.pathsQueue[i]);
     }
 
-    return readdirResults;
+    return context.readdirResults;
   }
 
   // Calling mkdir for directory inside asar archive should throw ENOTDIR

lib/preload_realm/.eslintrc.json

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+  "rules": {
+    "no-restricted-imports": [
+      "error",
+      {
+        "paths": [
+          "electron",
+          "electron/main"
+        ],
+        "patterns": [
+          "./*",
+          "../*",
+          "@electron/internal/browser/*"
+        ]
+      }
+    ]
+  }
+}

lib/preload_realm/api/exports/electron.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+import { defineProperties } from '@electron/internal/common/define-properties';
+import { moduleList } from '@electron/internal/preload_realm/api/module-list';
+
+module.exports = {};
+
+defineProperties(module.exports, moduleList);

lib/preload_realm/api/module-list.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+export const moduleList: ElectronInternal.ModuleEntry[] = [
+  {
+    name: 'contextBridge',
+    loader: () => require('@electron/internal/renderer/api/context-bridge')
+  },
+  {
+    name: 'ipcRenderer',
+    loader: () => require('@electron/internal/renderer/api/ipc-renderer')
+  },
+  {
+    name: 'nativeImage',
+    loader: () => require('@electron/internal/common/api/native-image')
+  }
+];

lib/preload_realm/init.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+import '@electron/internal/sandboxed_renderer/pre-init';
+import { IPC_MESSAGES } from '@electron/internal/common/ipc-messages';
+import type * as ipcRendererUtilsModule from '@electron/internal/renderer/ipc-renderer-internal-utils';
+import { createPreloadProcessObject, executeSandboxedPreloadScripts } from '@electron/internal/sandboxed_renderer/preload';
+
+import * as events from 'events';
+
+declare const binding: {
+  get: (name: string) => any;
+  process: NodeJS.Process;
+  createPreloadScript: (src: string) => Function
+};
+
+const ipcRendererUtils = require('@electron/internal/renderer/ipc-renderer-internal-utils') as typeof ipcRendererUtilsModule;
+
+const {
+  preloadScripts,
+  process: processProps
+} = ipcRendererUtils.invokeSync<{
+  preloadScripts: ElectronInternal.PreloadScript[];
+  process: NodeJS.Process;
+}>(IPC_MESSAGES.BROWSER_SANDBOX_LOAD);
+
+const electron = require('electron');
+
+const loadedModules = new Map<string, any>([
+  ['electron', electron],
+  ['electron/common', electron],
+  ['events', events],
+  ['node:events', events]
+]);
+
+const loadableModules = new Map<string, Function>([
+  ['url', () => require('url')],
+  ['node:url', () => require('url')]
+]);
+
+const preloadProcess = createPreloadProcessObject();
+
+Object.assign(preloadProcess, binding.process);
+Object.assign(preloadProcess, processProps);
+
+Object.assign(process, processProps);
+
+require('@electron/internal/renderer/ipc-native-setup');
+
+executeSandboxedPreloadScripts({
+  loadedModules,
+  loadableModules,
+  process: preloadProcess,
+  createPreloadScript: binding.createPreloadScript,
+  exposeGlobals: {
+    Buffer,
+    // FIXME(samuelmaddock): workaround webpack bug replacing this with just
+    // `__webpack_require__.g,` which causes script error
+    global: globalThis
+  }
+}, preloadScripts);

lib/renderer/api/context-bridge.ts

@@ -5,13 +5,17 @@ const checkContextIsolationEnabled = () => {
 };
 
 const contextBridge: Electron.ContextBridge = {
-  exposeInMainWorld: (key: string, api: any) => {
+  exposeInMainWorld: (key, api) => {
     checkContextIsolationEnabled();
     return binding.exposeAPIInWorld(0, key, api);
   },
-  exposeInIsolatedWorld: (worldId: number, key: string, api: any) => {
+  exposeInIsolatedWorld: (worldId, key, api) => {
     checkContextIsolationEnabled();
     return binding.exposeAPIInWorld(worldId, key, api);
+  },
+  executeInMainWorld: (script) => {
+    checkContextIsolationEnabled();
+    return binding.executeInWorld(0, script);
   }
 };
 
@@ -27,8 +31,7 @@ export const internalContextBridge = {
   },
   overrideGlobalPropertyFromIsolatedWorld: (keys: string[], getter: Function, setter?: Function) => {
     return binding._overrideGlobalPropertyFromIsolatedWorld(keys, getter, setter || null);
-  },
-  isInMainWorld: () => binding._isCalledFromMainWorld() as boolean
+  }
 };
 
 if (binding._isDebug) {

lib/renderer/api/ipc-renderer.ts

@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
+import { getIPCRenderer } from '@electron/internal/renderer/ipc-renderer-bindings';
+
 import { EventEmitter } from 'events';
 
-const { ipc } = process._linkedBinding('electron_renderer_ipc');
-
+const ipc = getIPCRenderer();
 const internal = false;
+
 class IpcRenderer extends EventEmitter implements Electron.IpcRenderer {
   send (channel: string, ...args: any[]) {
     return ipc.send(internal, channel, args);

lib/renderer/common-init.ts

@@ -1,27 +1,16 @@
-import { ipcRendererInternal } from '@electron/internal/renderer/ipc-renderer-internal';
 import type * as securityWarningsModule from '@electron/internal/renderer/security-warnings';
 import type * as webFrameInitModule from '@electron/internal/renderer/web-frame-init';
 import type * as webViewInitModule from '@electron/internal/renderer/web-view/web-view-init';
 import type * as windowSetupModule from '@electron/internal/renderer/window-setup';
 
-import { ipcRenderer } from 'electron/renderer';
-
 const { mainFrame } = process._linkedBinding('electron_renderer_web_frame');
-const v8Util = process._linkedBinding('electron_common_v8_util');
 
 const nodeIntegration = mainFrame.getWebPreference('nodeIntegration');
 const webviewTag = mainFrame.getWebPreference('webviewTag');
 const isHiddenPage = mainFrame.getWebPreference('hiddenPage');
 const isWebView = mainFrame.getWebPreference('isWebView');
 
-// ElectronApiServiceImpl will look for the "ipcNative" hidden object when
-// invoking the 'onMessage' callback.
-v8Util.setHiddenValue(global, 'ipcNative', {
-  onMessage (internal: boolean, channel: string, ports: MessagePort[], args: any[]) {
-    const sender = internal ? ipcRendererInternal : ipcRenderer;
-    sender.emit(channel, { sender, ports }, ...args);
-  }
-});
+require('@electron/internal/renderer/ipc-native-setup');
 
 switch (window.location.protocol) {
   case 'devtools:': {

lib/renderer/ipc-native-setup.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+import { ipcRendererInternal } from '@electron/internal/renderer/ipc-renderer-internal';
+
+import { ipcRenderer } from 'electron/renderer';
+
+const v8Util = process._linkedBinding('electron_common_v8_util');
+
+// ElectronApiServiceImpl will look for the "ipcNative" hidden object when
+// invoking the 'onMessage' callback.
+v8Util.setHiddenValue(globalThis, 'ipcNative', {
+  onMessage (internal: boolean, channel: string, ports: MessagePort[], args: any[]) {
+    const sender = internal ? ipcRendererInternal : ipcRenderer;
+    sender.emit(channel, { sender, ports }, ...args);
+  }
+});

lib/renderer/ipc-renderer-bindings.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+let ipc: NodeJS.IpcRendererImpl | undefined;
+
+/**
+ * Get IPCRenderer implementation for the current process.
+ */
+export function getIPCRenderer () {
+  if (ipc) return ipc;
+  const ipcBinding = process._linkedBinding('electron_renderer_ipc');
+  switch (process.type) {
+    case 'renderer':
+      return (ipc = ipcBinding.createForRenderFrame());
+    case 'service-worker':
+      return (ipc = ipcBinding.createForServiceWorker());
+    default:
+      throw new Error(`Cannot create IPCRenderer for '${process.type}' process`);
+  }
+};

lib/renderer/ipc-renderer-internal.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
+import { getIPCRenderer } from '@electron/internal/renderer/ipc-renderer-bindings';
+
 import { EventEmitter } from 'events';
 
-const { ipc } = process._linkedBinding('electron_renderer_ipc');
-
+const ipc = getIPCRenderer();
 const internal = true;
 
 class IpcRendererInternal extends EventEmitter implements ElectronInternal.IpcRendererInternal {

lib/sandboxed_renderer/init.ts

@@ -1,45 +1,23 @@
+import '@electron/internal/sandboxed_renderer/pre-init';
 import { IPC_MESSAGES } from '@electron/internal/common/ipc-messages';
-import type * as ipcRendererInternalModule from '@electron/internal/renderer/ipc-renderer-internal';
 import type * as ipcRendererUtilsModule from '@electron/internal/renderer/ipc-renderer-internal-utils';
+import { createPreloadProcessObject, executeSandboxedPreloadScripts } from '@electron/internal/sandboxed_renderer/preload';
 
 import * as events from 'events';
 import { setImmediate, clearImmediate } from 'timers';
 
 declare const binding: {
-  get: (name: string) => any;
   process: NodeJS.Process;
   createPreloadScript: (src: string) => Function
 };
 
-const { EventEmitter } = events;
-
-process._linkedBinding = binding.get;
-
-const v8Util = process._linkedBinding('electron_common_v8_util');
-// Expose Buffer shim as a hidden value. This is used by C++ code to
-// deserialize Buffer instances sent from browser process.
-v8Util.setHiddenValue(global, 'Buffer', Buffer);
-// The process object created by webpack is not an event emitter, fix it so
-// the API is more compatible with non-sandboxed renderers.
-for (const prop of Object.keys(EventEmitter.prototype) as (keyof typeof process)[]) {
-  if (Object.hasOwn(process, prop)) {
-    delete process[prop];
-  }
-}
-Object.setPrototypeOf(process, EventEmitter.prototype);
-
-const { ipcRendererInternal } = require('@electron/internal/renderer/ipc-renderer-internal') as typeof ipcRendererInternalModule;
 const ipcRendererUtils = require('@electron/internal/renderer/ipc-renderer-internal-utils') as typeof ipcRendererUtilsModule;
 
 const {
   preloadScripts,
   process: processProps
 } = ipcRendererUtils.invokeSync<{
-  preloadScripts: {
-    preloadPath: string;
-    preloadSrc: string | null;
-    preloadError: null | Error;
-  }[];
+  preloadScripts: ElectronInternal.PreloadScript[];
   process: NodeJS.Process;
 }>(IPC_MESSAGES.BROWSER_SANDBOX_LOAD);
 
@@ -60,10 +38,10 @@ const loadableModules = new Map<string, Function>([
   ['node:url', () => require('url')]
 ]);
 
-// Pass different process object to the preload script.
-const preloadProcess: NodeJS.Process = new EventEmitter() as any;
+const preloadProcess = createPreloadProcessObject();
 
 // InvokeEmitProcessEvent in ElectronSandboxedRendererClient will look for this
+const v8Util = process._linkedBinding('electron_common_v8_util');
 v8Util.setHiddenValue(global, 'emit-process-event', (event: string) => {
   (process as events.EventEmitter).emit(event);
   (preloadProcess as events.EventEmitter).emit(event);
@@ -72,77 +50,22 @@ v8Util.setHiddenValue(global, 'emit-process-event', (event: string) => {
 Object.assign(preloadProcess, binding.process);
 Object.assign(preloadProcess, processProps);
 
-Object.assign(process, binding.process);
 Object.assign(process, processProps);
 
-process.getProcessMemoryInfo = preloadProcess.getProcessMemoryInfo = () => {
-  return ipcRendererInternal.invoke<Electron.ProcessMemoryInfo>(IPC_MESSAGES.BROWSER_GET_PROCESS_MEMORY_INFO);
-};
-
-Object.defineProperty(preloadProcess, 'noDeprecation', {
-  get () {
-    return process.noDeprecation;
-  },
-  set (value) {
-    process.noDeprecation = value;
-  }
-});
-
-// This is the `require` function that will be visible to the preload script
-function preloadRequire (module: string) {
-  if (loadedModules.has(module)) {
-    return loadedModules.get(module);
-  }
-  if (loadableModules.has(module)) {
-    const loadedModule = loadableModules.get(module)!();
-    loadedModules.set(module, loadedModule);
-    return loadedModule;
-  }
-  throw new Error(`module not found: ${module}`);
-}
-
-// Process command line arguments.
-const { hasSwitch } = process._linkedBinding('electron_common_command_line');
-
-// Similar to nodes --expose-internals flag, this exposes _linkedBinding so
-// that tests can call it to get access to some test only bindings
-if (hasSwitch('unsafely-expose-electron-internals-for-testing')) {
-  preloadProcess._linkedBinding = process._linkedBinding;
-}
-
 // Common renderer initialization
 require('@electron/internal/renderer/common-init');
 
-// Wrap the script into a function executed in global scope. It won't have
-// access to the current scope, so we'll expose a few objects as arguments:
-//
-// - `require`: The `preloadRequire` function
-// - `process`: The `preloadProcess` object
-// - `Buffer`: Shim of `Buffer` implementation
-// - `global`: The window object, which is aliased to `global` by webpack.
-function runPreloadScript (preloadSrc: string) {
-  const preloadWrapperSrc = `(function(require, process, Buffer, global, setImmediate, clearImmediate, exports, module) {
-  ${preloadSrc}
-  })`;
-
-  // eval in window scope
-  const preloadFn = binding.createPreloadScript(preloadWrapperSrc);
-  const exports = {};
-
-  preloadFn(preloadRequire, preloadProcess, Buffer, global, setImmediate, clearImmediate, exports, { exports });
-}
-
-for (const { preloadPath, preloadSrc, preloadError } of preloadScripts) {
-  try {
-    if (preloadSrc) {
-      runPreloadScript(preloadSrc);
-    } else if (preloadError) {
-      throw preloadError;
-    }
-  } catch (error) {
-    console.error(`Unable to load preload script: ${preloadPath}`);
-    console.error(error);
-
-    ipcRendererInternal.send(IPC_MESSAGES.BROWSER_PRELOAD_ERROR, preloadPath, error);
+executeSandboxedPreloadScripts({
+  loadedModules,
+  loadableModules,
+  process: preloadProcess,
+  createPreloadScript: binding.createPreloadScript,
+  exposeGlobals: {
+    Buffer,
+    // FIXME(samuelmaddock): workaround webpack bug replacing this with just
+    // `__webpack_require__.g,` which causes script error
+    global: globalThis,
+    setImmediate,
+    clearImmediate
   }
-}
+}, preloadScripts);