Bump v14.0.0-nightly.20210518

* refactor: implement <webview> using contextBridge

* chore: address PR feedback

* chore: address PR feedback

* fix: check for HTMLIFrameElement instance in attachGuest

.env.example

@@ -4,4 +4,3 @@
 APPVEYOR_CLOUD_TOKEN=
 CIRCLE_TOKEN=
 ELECTRON_GITHUB_TOKEN=
-VSTS_TOKEN=

.github/CODEOWNERS

@@ -12,4 +12,7 @@ DEPS                                    @electron/wg-upgrades
 /script/release                         @electron/wg-releases
 
 # Security WG
+/lib/browser/devtools.ts                @electron/wg-security
+/lib/browser/guest-view-manager.ts      @electron/wg-security
+/lib/browser/guest-window-proxy.ts      @electron/wg-security
 /lib/browser/rpc-server.ts              @electron/wg-security

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.yml

@@ -71,3 +71,7 @@ body:
     label: Testcase Gist URL
     description: If you can reproduce the issue in a standalone test case, please use [Electron Fiddle](https://github.com/electron/fiddle) to create one and to publish it as a [GitHub gist](https://gist.github.com) and put the gist URL here. This is **the best way** to ensure this issue is triaged quickly.
     placeholder: https://gist.github.com/...
+- type: textarea
+  attributes:
+    label: Additional Information
+    description: If your problem needs further explanation, or if the issue you're seeing cannot be reproduced in a gist, please add more information here.

.gitignore

@@ -17,24 +17,6 @@
 *.xcodeproj
 /.idea/
 /dist/
-/external_binaries/
-/out/
-/vendor/.gclient
-/vendor/debian_jessie_mips64-sysroot/
-/vendor/debian_stretch_amd64-sysroot/
-/vendor/debian_stretch_arm-sysroot/
-/vendor/debian_stretch_arm64-sysroot/
-/vendor/debian_stretch_i386-sysroot/
-/vendor/gcc-4.8.3-d197-n64-loongson/
-/vendor/readme-gcc483-loongson.txt
-/vendor/download/
-/vendor/llvm-build/
-/vendor/llvm/
-/vendor/npm/
-/vendor/python_26/
-/vendor/native_mksnapshot
-/vendor/LICENSES.chromium.html
-/vendor/pyyaml
 node_modules/
 SHASUMS256.txt
 **/package-lock.json
@@ -68,4 +50,6 @@ ts-gen
 .depshash-target
 
 # Used to accelerate builds after sync
-patches/mtime-cache.json
+patches/mtime-cache.json
+
+spec/fixtures/logo.png

.husky/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+_

.husky/pre-commit

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+. "$(dirname "$0")/_/husky.sh"
+
+npm run precommit

.husky/pre-push

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+. "$(dirname "$0")/_/husky.sh"
+
+npm run prepack

BUILD.gn

@@ -32,6 +32,10 @@ if (is_mac) {
   import("//ui/gl/features.gni")
   import("//v8/gni/v8.gni")
   import("build/rules.gni")
+
+  assert(
+      mac_deployment_target == "10.11.0",
+      "Chromium has updated the mac_deployment_target, please update this assert, update the supported versions documentation (docs/tutorial/support.md) and flag this as a breaking change")
 }
 
 if (is_linux) {
@@ -437,12 +441,16 @@ source_set("electron_lib") {
   }
 
   if (is_linux) {
-    deps += [ "//components/crash/content/browser" ]
+    deps += [
+      "//build/config/linux/gtk:gtkprint",
+      "//components/crash/content/browser",
+    ]
   }
 
   if (is_mac) {
     deps += [
       "//components/remote_cocoa/app_shim",
+      "//components/remote_cocoa/browser",
       "//content/common:mac_helpers",
       "//ui/accelerated_widget_mac",
     ]
@@ -508,10 +516,6 @@ source_set("electron_lib") {
     ]
     if (use_x11) {
       sources += filenames.lib_sources_linux_x11
-      deps += [
-        "//ui/gfx/x",
-        "//ui/gtk/x",
-      ]
     }
     configs += [ ":gio_unix" ]
     defines += [
@@ -622,6 +626,9 @@ source_set("electron_lib") {
       "//chrome/services/printing/public/mojom",
       "//components/printing/common:mojo_interfaces",
     ]
+    if (is_mac) {
+      deps += [ "//chrome/services/mac_notifications/public/mojom" ]
+    }
   }
 
   if (enable_electron_extensions) {
@@ -1157,11 +1164,6 @@ if (is_mac) {
         "//build/config/win:delayloads",
       ]
 
-      if (target_cpu == "arm64") {
-        configs -= [ "//build/config/win:cfi_linker" ]
-        ldflags += [ "/guard:cf,nolongjmp" ]
-      }
-
       if (current_cpu == "x86") {
         # Set the initial stack size to 0.5MiB, instead of the 1.5MiB needed by
         # Chrome's main thread. This saves significant memory on threads (like

DEPS

@@ -14,11 +14,11 @@ gclient_gn_args = [
 
 vars = {
   'chromium_version':
-    '90.0.4415.0',
+    '92.0.4505.0',
   'node_version':
-    'v14.16.0',
+    'v14.16.1',
   'nan_version':
-    '2c4ee8a32a299eada3cd6e468bbd0a473bfea96d',
+    'v2.14.2',
   'squirrel.mac_version':
     'cdc0729c8bf8576bfef18629186e1e9ecf1b0d9f',
 
@@ -48,6 +48,8 @@ vars = {
   # It's only needed to parse the native tests configurations.
   'checkout_pyyaml': False,
 
+  'use_rts': False,
+
   'mac_xcode_version': 'default',
 
   # To allow running hooks without parsing the DEPS tree
@@ -86,7 +88,7 @@ deps = {
     'url': (Var("nodejs_git")) + '/node.git@' + (Var("node_version")),
     'condition': 'checkout_node and process_deps',
   },
-  'src/electron/vendor/pyyaml': {
+  'src/third_party/pyyaml': {
     'url': (Var("yaml_git")) + '/pyyaml.git@' + (Var("pyyaml_version")),
     'condition': 'checkout_pyyaml and process_deps',
   },

ELECTRON_VERSION

@@ -1 +1 @@
-14.0.0-nightly.20210317
+14.0.0-nightly.20210518

README.md

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 [![devDependency Status](https://david-dm.org/electron/electron/dev-status.svg)](https://david-dm.org/electron/electron?type=dev)
 [![Electron Discord Invite](https://img.shields.io/discord/745037351163527189?color=%237289DA&label=chat&logo=discord&logoColor=white)](https://discord.com/invite/electron)
 
-:memo: Available Translations: 🇨🇳 🇹🇼 🇧🇷 🇪🇸 🇰🇷 🇯🇵 🇷🇺 🇫🇷 🇹🇭 🇳🇱 🇹🇷 🇮🇩 🇺🇦 🇨🇿 🇮🇹 🇵🇱.
+:memo: Available Translations: 🇨🇳 🇧🇷 🇪🇸 🇯🇵 🇷🇺 🇫🇷 🇺🇸 🇩🇪.
 View these docs in other languages at [electron/i18n](https://github.com/electron/i18n/tree/master/content/).
 
 The Electron framework lets you write cross-platform desktop applications

appveyor.yml

@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ environment:
   ELECTRON_ENABLE_STACK_DUMPING: 1
   MOCHA_REPORTER: mocha-multi-reporters
   MOCHA_MULTI_REPORTERS: mocha-appveyor-reporter, tap
+  GOMA_FALLBACK_ON_AUTH_FAILURE: true
 notifications:
   - provider: Webhook
     url: https://electron-mission-control.herokuapp.com/rest/appveyor-hook

build/args/all.gn

@@ -19,4 +19,14 @@ enable_basic_printing = true
 angle_enable_vulkan_validation_layers = false
 dawn_enable_vulkan_validation_layers = false
 
+# This breaks native node modules
+libcxx_abi_unstable = false
+
+# These are disabled because they cause the zip manifest to differ between
+# testing and release builds.
+# See https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/c/chromium/src/+/2774898.
+enable_pseudolocales = false
+
 is_cfi = false
+
+enable_pak_file_integrity_checks = false

build/dump_syms.py

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ def main(dump_syms, binary, out_dir, stamp_file, dsym_file=None):
     args += ["-g", dsym_file]
   args += [binary]
 
-  symbol_data = subprocess.check_output(args)
+  symbol_data = subprocess.check_output(args).decode(sys.stdout.encoding)
   symbol_path = os.path.join(out_dir, get_symbol_path(symbol_data))
   mkdir_p(os.path.dirname(symbol_path))
 

build/mac/make_locale_dirs.py

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 # require any direct Cocoa locale support.
 
 import os
+import errno
 import sys
 
 
@@ -16,7 +17,7 @@ def main(args):
     try:
       os.makedirs(dirname)
     except OSError as e:
-      if e.errno == os.errno.EEXIST:
+      if e.errno == errno.EEXIST:
         # It's OK if it already exists
         pass
       else:

build/npm-run.py

@@ -15,12 +15,6 @@ args = [cmd, "run",
 try:
     subprocess.check_output(args, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
 except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
-    print(
-        "NPM script '"
-        + sys.argv[2]
-        + "' failed with code '"
-        + str(e.returncode)
-        + "':\n"
-        + e.output
-    )
+    error_msg = "NPM script '{}' failed with code '{}':\n".format(sys.argv[2], e.returncode)
+    print(error_msg + e.output.decode('ascii'))
     sys.exit(e.returncode)

build/webpack/webpack.config.base.js

@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ if ((globalThis.process || binding.process).argv.includes("--profile-electron-in
         setImmediate: false
       },
       optimization: {
-        minimize: true,
+        minimize: env.mode === 'production',
         minimizer: [
           new TerserPlugin({
             terserOptions: {

build/webpack/webpack.gni

@@ -22,6 +22,11 @@ template("webpack_build") {
                "//electron/typings/internal-electron.d.ts",
              ] + invoker.inputs
 
+    mode = "development"
+    if (is_official_build) {
+      mode = "production"
+    }
+
     args = [
       "--config",
       rebase_path(invoker.config_file),
@@ -29,6 +34,7 @@ template("webpack_build") {
       "--output-path=" + rebase_path(get_path_info(invoker.out_file, "dir")),
       "--env.buildflags=" +
           rebase_path("$target_gen_dir/buildflags/buildflags.h"),
+      "--env.mode=" + mode,
     ]
     deps += [ "buildflags" ]
 

build/zip.py

@@ -39,7 +39,8 @@ PATHS_TO_SKIP = [
   './crashpad_handler',
   # Skip because these are outputs that we don't need.
   'resources/inspector',
-  'gen/third_party/devtools-frontend/src'
+  'gen/third_party/devtools-frontend/src',
+  'gen/ui/webui'
 ]
 
 def skip_path(dep, dist_zip, target_cpu):

chromium_src/BUILD.gn

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 # Use of this source code is governed by the MIT license that can be
 # found in the LICENSE file.
 
+import("//build/config/ozone.gni")
 import("//build/config/ui.gni")
 import("//components/spellcheck/spellcheck_build_features.gni")
 import("//electron/buildflags/buildflags.gni")
@@ -44,7 +45,6 @@ static_library("chrome") {
     "//chrome/browser/predictors/resolve_host_client_impl.h",
     "//chrome/browser/ssl/security_state_tab_helper.cc",
     "//chrome/browser/ssl/security_state_tab_helper.h",
-    "//chrome/browser/ssl/tls_deprecation_config.cc",
     "//chrome/browser/ui/views/autofill/autofill_popup_view_utils.cc",
     "//chrome/browser/ui/views/autofill/autofill_popup_view_utils.h",
     "//extensions/browser/app_window/size_constraints.cc",
@@ -93,12 +93,18 @@ static_library("chrome") {
 
   if (is_linux) {
     sources += [ "//chrome/browser/icon_loader_auralinux.cc" ]
+    if (use_x11 || use_ozone) {
+      sources +=
+          [ "//chrome/browser/extensions/global_shortcut_listener_linux.cc" ]
+    }
     if (use_x11) {
       sources += [
         "//chrome/browser/extensions/global_shortcut_listener_x11.cc",
         "//chrome/browser/extensions/global_shortcut_listener_x11.h",
       ]
-    } else if (use_ozone) {
+    }
+    if (use_ozone) {
+      deps += [ "//ui/ozone" ]
       sources += [
         "//chrome/browser/extensions/global_shortcut_listener_ozone.cc",
         "//chrome/browser/extensions/global_shortcut_listener_ozone.h",
@@ -189,7 +195,7 @@ static_library("chrome") {
     }
 
     if (is_linux) {
-      sources += [ "//chrome/browser/media/webrtc/window_icon_util_x11.cc" ]
+      sources += [ "//chrome/browser/media/webrtc/window_icon_util_linux.cc" ]
     }
   }
 
@@ -251,8 +257,12 @@ static_library("chrome") {
       "//chrome/browser/picture_in_picture/picture_in_picture_window_manager.h",
       "//chrome/browser/ui/views/overlay/back_to_tab_image_button.cc",
       "//chrome/browser/ui/views/overlay/back_to_tab_image_button.h",
+      "//chrome/browser/ui/views/overlay/back_to_tab_label_button.cc",
       "//chrome/browser/ui/views/overlay/close_image_button.cc",
       "//chrome/browser/ui/views/overlay/close_image_button.h",
+      "//chrome/browser/ui/views/overlay/constants.h",
+      "//chrome/browser/ui/views/overlay/hang_up_button.cc",
+      "//chrome/browser/ui/views/overlay/hang_up_button.h",
       "//chrome/browser/ui/views/overlay/overlay_window_views.cc",
       "//chrome/browser/ui/views/overlay/overlay_window_views.h",
       "//chrome/browser/ui/views/overlay/playback_image_button.cc",
@@ -261,6 +271,10 @@ static_library("chrome") {
       "//chrome/browser/ui/views/overlay/resize_handle_button.h",
       "//chrome/browser/ui/views/overlay/skip_ad_label_button.cc",
       "//chrome/browser/ui/views/overlay/skip_ad_label_button.h",
+      "//chrome/browser/ui/views/overlay/toggle_camera_button.cc",
+      "//chrome/browser/ui/views/overlay/toggle_camera_button.h",
+      "//chrome/browser/ui/views/overlay/toggle_microphone_button.cc",
+      "//chrome/browser/ui/views/overlay/toggle_microphone_button.h",
       "//chrome/browser/ui/views/overlay/track_image_button.cc",
       "//chrome/browser/ui/views/overlay/track_image_button.h",
     ]

chromium_src/chrome/browser/certificate_manager_model.cc

@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ CertificateManagerModel::~CertificateManagerModel() = default;
 int CertificateManagerModel::ImportFromPKCS12(
     PK11SlotInfo* slot_info,
     const std::string& data,
-    const base::string16& password,
+    const std::u16string& password,
     bool is_extractable,
     net::ScopedCERTCertificateList* imported_certs) {
   return cert_db_->ImportFromPKCS12(slot_info, data, password, is_extractable,

chromium_src/chrome/browser/certificate_manager_model.h

@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
 #include "base/callback.h"
 #include "base/macros.h"
 #include "base/memory/ref_counted.h"
-#include "base/strings/string16.h"
 #include "net/cert/nss_cert_database.h"
 
 namespace content {
@@ -46,7 +45,7 @@ class CertificateManagerModel {
   // Returns a net error code on failure.
   int ImportFromPKCS12(PK11SlotInfo* slot_info,
                        const std::string& data,
-                       const base::string16& password,
+                       const std::u16string& password,
                        bool is_extractable,
                        net::ScopedCERTCertificateList* imported_certs);
 

chromium_src/chrome/browser/process_singleton.h

@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ class ProcessSingleton {
 
   // Function to call when the other process is hung and needs to be killed.
   // Allows overriding for tests.
-  base::Callback<void(int)> kill_callback_;
+  base::RepeatingCallback<void(int)> kill_callback_;
 
   // Path in file system to the socket.
   base::FilePath socket_path_;

default_app/default_app.ts

@@ -41,14 +41,14 @@ ipcMain.handle('bootstrap', (event) => {
   return isTrustedSender(event.sender) ? electronPath : null;
 });
 
-async function createWindow () {
+async function createWindow (backgroundColor?: string) {
   await app.whenReady();
 
   const options: Electron.BrowserWindowConstructorOptions = {
     width: 960,
     height: 620,
     autoHideMenuBar: true,
-    backgroundColor: '#2f3241',
+    backgroundColor,
     webPreferences: {
       preload: path.resolve(__dirname, 'preload.js'),
       contextIsolation: true,
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ export const loadURL = async (appUrl: string) => {
 };
 
 export const loadFile = async (appPath: string) => {
-  mainWindow = await createWindow();
+  mainWindow = await createWindow(appPath === 'index.html' ? '#2f3241' : undefined);
   mainWindow.loadFile(appPath);
   mainWindow.focus();
 };

docs/README.md

@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@ an issue:
   * [Using Native Node.js Modules](tutorial/using-native-node-modules.md)
   * [Performance Strategies](tutorial/performance.md)
   * [Security Strategies](tutorial/security.md)
+  * [Process Sandboxing](tutorial/sandbox.md)
 * [Accessibility](tutorial/accessibility.md)
   * [Manually Enabling Accessibility Features](tutorial/accessibility.md#manually-enabling-accessibility-features)
 * [Testing and Debugging](tutorial/application-debugging.md)
@@ -68,6 +69,7 @@ an issue:
   * [Testing on Headless CI Systems (Travis, Jenkins)](tutorial/testing-on-headless-ci.md)
   * [DevTools Extension](tutorial/devtools-extension.md)
   * [Automated Testing with a Custom Driver](tutorial/automated-testing-with-a-custom-driver.md)
+  * [REPL](tutorial/repl.md)
 * [Distribution](tutorial/application-distribution.md)
   * [Supported Platforms](tutorial/support.md#supported-platforms)
   * [Code Signing](tutorial/code-signing.md)
@@ -126,6 +128,8 @@ These individual tutorials expand on topics discussed in the guide above.
 * [ipcMain](api/ipc-main.md)
 * [Menu](api/menu.md)
 * [MenuItem](api/menu-item.md)
+* [MessageChannelMain](api/message-channel-main.md)
+* [MessagePortMain](api/message-port-main.md)
 * [net](api/net.md)
 * [netLog](api/net-log.md)
 * [nativeTheme](api/native-theme.md)
@@ -135,6 +139,7 @@ These individual tutorials expand on topics discussed in the guide above.
 * [protocol](api/protocol.md)
 * [screen](api/screen.md)
 * [session](api/session.md)
+* [ShareMenu](api/share-menu.md)
 * [systemPreferences](api/system-preferences.md)
 * [TouchBar](api/touch-bar.md)
 * [Tray](api/tray.md)
@@ -144,7 +149,6 @@ These individual tutorials expand on topics discussed in the guide above.
 ### Modules for the Renderer Process (Web Page):
 
 * [contextBridge](api/context-bridge.md)
-* [desktopCapturer](api/desktop-capturer.md)
 * [ipcRenderer](api/ipc-renderer.md)
 * [webFrame](api/web-frame.md)
 
@@ -152,6 +156,7 @@ These individual tutorials expand on topics discussed in the guide above.
 
 * [clipboard](api/clipboard.md)
 * [crashReporter](api/crash-reporter.md)
+* [desktopCapturer](api/desktop-capturer.md)
 * [nativeImage](api/native-image.md)
 * [shell](api/shell.md)
 

docs/api/app.md

@@ -695,7 +695,8 @@ Overrides the current application's name.
 
 ### `app.getLocale()`
 
-Returns `String` - The current application locale. Possible return values are documented [here](locales.md).
+Returns `String` - The current application locale, fetched using Chromium's `l10n_util` library.
+Possible return values are documented [here](https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/master:ui/base/l10n/l10n_util.cc).
 
 To set the locale, you'll want to use a command line switch at app startup, which may be found [here](https://github.com/electron/electron/blob/master/docs/api/command-line-switches.md).
 
@@ -871,6 +872,10 @@ re-add a removed item to a custom category earlier than that will result in the
 entire custom category being omitted from the Jump List. The list of removed
 items can be obtained using `app.getJumpListSettings()`.
 
+**Note:** The maximum length of a Jump List item's `description` property is
+260 characters. Beyond this limit, the item will not be added to the Jump
+List, nor will it be displayed.
+
 Here's a very simple example of creating a custom Jump List:
 
 ```javascript
@@ -1422,19 +1427,6 @@ This is the user agent that will be used when no user agent is set at the
 app has the same user agent.  Set to a custom value as early as possible
 in your app's initialization to ensure that your overridden value is used.
 
-### `app.allowRendererProcessReuse`
-
-A `Boolean` which when `true` disables the overrides that Electron has in place
-to ensure renderer processes are restarted on every navigation.  The current
-default value for this property is `true`.
-
-The intention is for these overrides to become disabled by default and then at
-some point in the future this property will be removed.  This property impacts
-which native modules you can use in the renderer process.  For more information
-on the direction Electron is going with renderer process restarts and usage of
-native modules in the renderer process please check out this
-[Tracking Issue](https://github.com/electron/electron/issues/18397).
-
 ### `app.runningUnderRosettaTranslation` _macOS_ _Readonly_
 
 A `Boolean` which when `true` indicates that the app is currently running

docs/api/browser-view.md

@@ -1,14 +1,16 @@
-## Class: BrowserView
-
-> Create and control views.
-
-Process: [Main](../glossary.md#main-process)
+# BrowserView
 
 A `BrowserView` can be used to embed additional web content into a
 [`BrowserWindow`](browser-window.md). It is like a child window, except that it is positioned
 relative to its owning window. It is meant to be an alternative to the
 `webview` tag.
 
+## Class: BrowserView
+
+> Create and control views.
+
+Process: [Main](../glossary.md#main-process)
+
 ### Example
 
 ```javascript

docs/api/browser-window.md

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ const win = new BrowserWindow({ width: 800, height: 600 })
 win.loadURL('https://github.com')
 
 // Or load a local HTML file
-win.loadURL(`file://${__dirname}/app/index.html`)
+win.loadFile('index.html')
 ```
 
 ## Frameless window
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ It creates a new `BrowserWindow` with native properties as set by the `options`.
     window shadow and window animations. Default is `true`.
   * `vibrancy` String (optional) - Add a type of vibrancy effect to the window, only on
     macOS. Can be `appearance-based`, `light`, `dark`, `titlebar`, `selection`,
-    `menu`, `popover`, `sidebar`, `medium-light`, `ultra-dark`, `header`, `sheet`, `window`, `hud`, `fullscreen-ui`, `tooltip`, `content`, `under-window`, or `under-page`.  Please note that using `frame: false` in combination with a vibrancy value requires that you use a non-default `titleBarStyle` as well. Also note that `appearance-based`, `light`, `dark`, `medium-light`, and `ultra-dark` are deprecated and have been removed in macOS Catalina (10.15).
+    `menu`, `popover`, `sidebar`, `medium-light`, `ultra-dark`, `header`, `sheet`, `window`, `hud`, `fullscreen-ui`, `tooltip`, `content`, `under-window`, or `under-page`. Please note that `appearance-based`, `light`, `dark`, `medium-light`, and `ultra-dark` are deprecated and have been removed in macOS Catalina (10.15).
   * `zoomToPageWidth` Boolean (optional) - Controls the behavior on macOS when
     option-clicking the green stoplight button on the toolbar or by clicking the
     Window > Zoom menu item. If `true`, the window will grow to the preferred
@@ -267,12 +267,12 @@ It creates a new `BrowserWindow` with native properties as set by the `options`.
       be the absolute file path to the script.
       When node integration is turned off, the preload script can reintroduce
       Node global symbols back to the global scope. See example
-      [here](process.md#event-loaded).
+      [here](context-bridge.md#exposing-node-global-symbols).
     * `sandbox` Boolean (optional) - If set, this will sandbox the renderer
       associated with the window, making it compatible with the Chromium
       OS-level sandbox and disabling the Node.js engine. This is not the same as
       the `nodeIntegration` option and the APIs available to the preload script
-      are more limited. Read more about the option [here](sandbox-option.md).
+      are more limited. Read more about the option [here](../tutorial/sandbox.md).
     * `session` [Session](session.md#class-session) (optional) - Sets the session used by the
       page. Instead of passing the Session object directly, you can also choose to
       use the `partition` option instead, which accepts a partition string. When
@@ -284,13 +284,6 @@ It creates a new `BrowserWindow` with native properties as set by the `options`.
       same `partition`. If there is no `persist:` prefix, the page will use an
       in-memory session. By assigning the same `partition`, multiple pages can share
       the same session. Default is the default session.
-    * `affinity` String (optional) - When specified, web pages with the same
-      `affinity` will run in the same renderer process. Note that due to reusing
-      the renderer process, certain `webPreferences` options will also be shared
-      between the web pages even when you specified different values for them,
-      including but not limited to `preload`, `sandbox` and `nodeIntegration`.
-      So it is suggested to use exact same `webPreferences` for web pages with
-      the same `affinity`. _Deprecated_
     * `zoomFactor` Number (optional) - The default zoom factor of the page, `3.0` represents
       `300%`. Default is `1.0`.
     * `javascript` Boolean (optional) - Enables JavaScript support. Default is `true`.
@@ -348,12 +341,9 @@ It creates a new `BrowserWindow` with native properties as set by the `options`.
       [Chrome Content Scripts][chrome-content-scripts].  You can access this
       context in the dev tools by selecting the 'Electron Isolated Context'
       entry in the combo box at the top of the Console tab.
-    * `worldSafeExecuteJavaScript` Boolean (optional) - If true, values returned from `webFrame.executeJavaScript` will be sanitized to ensure JS values
-      can't unsafely cross between worlds when using `contextIsolation`. Defaults to `true`. _Deprecated_
     * `nativeWindowOpen` Boolean (optional) - Whether to use native
-      `window.open()`. Defaults to `false`. Child windows will always have node
-      integration disabled unless `nodeIntegrationInSubFrames` is true. **Note:** This option is currently
-      experimental.
+      `window.open()`. Defaults to `true`. Child windows will always have node
+      integration disabled unless `nodeIntegrationInSubFrames` is true.
     * `webviewTag` Boolean (optional) - Whether to enable the [`<webview>` tag](webview-tag.md).
       Defaults to `false`. **Note:** The
       `preload` script configured for the `<webview>` will have node integration
@@ -760,6 +750,10 @@ A `Boolean` property that determines whether the window is in simple (pre-Lion)
 
 A `Boolean` property that determines whether the window is in fullscreen mode.
 
+#### `win.focusable` _Windows_ _macOS_
+
+A `Boolean` property that determines whether the window is focusable.
+
 #### `win.visibleOnAllWorkspaces`
 
 A `Boolean` property that determines whether the window is visible on all workspaces.
@@ -1298,7 +1292,7 @@ can be be used to listen to changes to tablet mode.
 
 #### `win.getMediaSourceId()`
 
-Returns `String` - Window id in the format of DesktopCapturerSource's id. For example "window:1234:0".
+Returns `String` - Window id in the format of DesktopCapturerSource's id. For example "window:1324:0".
 
 More precisely the format is `window:id:other_id` where `id` is `HWND` on
 Windows, `CGWindowID` (`uint64_t`) on macOS and `Window` (`unsigned long`) on
@@ -1379,7 +1373,7 @@ Captures a snapshot of the page within `rect`. Omitting `rect` will capture the
   * `httpReferrer` (String | [Referrer](structures/referrer.md)) (optional) - An HTTP Referrer URL.
   * `userAgent` String (optional) - A user agent originating the request.
   * `extraHeaders` String (optional) - Extra headers separated by "\n"
-  * `postData` ([UploadRawData[]](structures/upload-raw-data.md) | [UploadFile[]](structures/upload-file.md)) (optional)
+  * `postData` ([UploadRawData](structures/upload-raw-data.md) | [UploadFile](structures/upload-file.md))[] (optional)
   * `baseURLForDataURL` String (optional) - Base URL (with trailing path separator) for files to be loaded by the data URL. This is needed only if the specified `url` is a data URL and needs to load other files.
 
 Returns `Promise<void>` - the promise will resolve when the page has finished loading
@@ -1678,6 +1672,10 @@ Changes whether the window can be focused.
 
 On macOS it does not remove the focus from the window.
 
+#### `win.isFocusable()` _macOS_ _Windows_
+
+Returns whether the window can be focused.
+
 #### `win.setParentWindow(parent)`
 
 * `parent` BrowserWindow | null

docs/api/command-line-switches.md

@@ -75,6 +75,12 @@ This switch can not be used in `app.commandLine.appendSwitch` since it is parsed
 earlier than user's app is loaded, but you can set the `ELECTRON_ENABLE_LOGGING`
 environment variable to achieve the same effect.
 
+### --force-fieldtrials=`trials`
+
+Field trials to be forcefully enabled or disabled.
+
+For example: `WebRTC-Audio-Red-For-Opus/Enabled/`
+
 ### --host-rules=`rules`
 
 A comma-separated list of `rules` that control how hostnames are mapped.
@@ -131,7 +137,8 @@ proxy server flags that are passed.
 
 ### --no-sandbox
 
-Disables Chromium sandbox, which is now enabled by default.
+Disables the Chromium [sandbox](https://www.chromium.org/developers/design-documents/sandbox).
+Forces renderer process and Chromium helper processes to run un-sandboxed.
 Should only be used for testing.
 
 ### --proxy-bypass-list=`hosts`

docs/api/context-bridge.md

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ page you load in your renderer executes code in this world.
 
 ### Isolated World
 
-When `contextIsolation` is enabled in your `webPreferences`, your `preload` scripts run in an
+When `contextIsolation` is enabled in your `webPreferences` (this is the default behavior since Electron 12.0.0), your `preload` scripts run in an
 "Isolated World".  You can read more about context isolation and what it affects in the
 [security](../tutorial/security.md#3-enable-context-isolation-for-remote-content) docs.
 
@@ -110,3 +110,22 @@ has been included below for completeness:
 | `Symbol` | N/A | ❌ | ❌ | Symbols cannot be copied across contexts so they are dropped |
 
 If the type you care about is not in the above table, it is probably not supported.
+
+### Exposing Node Global Symbols
+
+The `contextBridge` can be used by the preload script to give your renderer access to Node APIs.
+The table of supported types described above also applies to Node APIs that you expose through `contextBridge`.
+Please note that many Node APIs grant access to local system resources.
+Be very cautious about which globals and APIs you expose to untrusted remote content.
+
+```javascript
+const { contextBridge } = require('electron')
+const crypto = require('crypto')
+contextBridge.exposeInMainWorld('nodeCrypto', {
+  sha256sum (data) {
+    const hash = crypto.createHash('sha256')
+    hash.update(data)
+    return hash.digest('hex')
+  }
+})
+```

docs/api/crash-reporter.md

@@ -77,7 +77,8 @@ The `crashReporter` module has the following methods:
 ### `crashReporter.start(options)`
 
 * `options` Object
-  * `submitURL` String - URL that crash reports will be sent to as POST.
+  * `submitURL` String (optional) - URL that crash reports will be sent to as
+    POST. Required unless `uploadToServer` is `false`.
   * `productName` String (optional) - Defaults to `app.name`.
   * `companyName` String (optional) _Deprecated_ - Deprecated alias for
     `{ globalExtra: { _companyName: ... } }`.

docs/api/dialog.md

@@ -233,10 +233,6 @@ expanding and collapsing the dialog.
     be selected by default when the message box opens.
   * `title` String (optional) - Title of the message box, some platforms will not show it.
   * `detail` String (optional) - Extra information of the message.
-  * `checkboxLabel` String (optional) - If provided, the message box will
-    include a checkbox with the given label.
-  * `checkboxChecked` Boolean (optional) - Initial checked state of the
-    checkbox. `false` by default.
   * `icon` ([NativeImage](native-image.md) | String) (optional)
   * `cancelId` Integer (optional) - The index of the button to be used to cancel the dialog, via
     the `Esc` key. By default this is assigned to the first button with "cancel" or "no" as the

docs/api/frameless-window.md

@@ -83,8 +83,10 @@ win.show()
   blur effect to the content below the window (i.e. other applications open on
   the user's system).
 * The window will not be transparent when DevTools is opened.
-* On Windows operating systems, transparent windows will not work when DWM is
+* On Windows operating systems,
+  * transparent windows will not work when DWM is
   disabled.
+  * transparent windows can not be maximized using the Windows system menu or by double clicking the title bar. The reasoning behind this can be seen on [this pull request](https://github.com/electron/electron/pull/28207).
 * On Linux, users have to put `--enable-transparent-visuals --disable-gpu` in
   the command line to disable GPU and allow ARGB to make transparent window,
   this is caused by an upstream bug that [alpha channel doesn't work on some

docs/api/locales.md

@@ -1,142 +0,0 @@
-# Locales
-
-> Locale values returned by `app.getLocale()`.
-
-Electron uses Chromium's `l10n_util` library to fetch the locale. Possible
-values are listed below:
-
-| Language Code | Language Name |
-|---------------|---------------|
-| af | Afrikaans |
-| am | Amharic |
-| ar | Arabic |
-| az | Azerbaijani |
-| be | Belarusian |
-| bg | Bulgarian |
-| bh | Bihari |
-| bn | Bengali |
-| br | Breton |
-| bs | Bosnian |
-| ca | Catalan |
-| co | Corsican |
-| cs | Czech |
-| cy | Welsh |
-| da | Danish |
-| de | German |
-| de-AT | German (Austria) |
-| de-CH | German (Switzerland) |
-| de-DE | German (Germany) |
-| el | Greek |
-| en | English |
-| en-AU | English (Australia) |
-| en-CA | English (Canada) |
-| en-GB | English (UK) |
-| en-NZ | English (New Zealand) |
-| en-US | English (US) |
-| en-ZA | English (South Africa) |
-| eo | Esperanto |
-| es | Spanish |
-| es-419 | Spanish (Latin America) |
-| et | Estonian |
-| eu | Basque |
-| fa | Persian |
-| fi | Finnish |
-| fil | Filipino |
-| fo | Faroese |
-| fr | French |
-| fr-CA | French (Canada) |
-| fr-CH | French (Switzerland) |
-| fr-FR | French (France) |
-| fy | Frisian |
-| ga | Irish |
-| gd | Scots Gaelic |
-| gl | Galician |
-| gn | Guarani |
-| gu | Gujarati |
-| ha | Hausa |
-| haw | Hawaiian |
-| he | Hebrew |
-| hi | Hindi |
-| hr | Croatian |
-| hu | Hungarian |
-| hy | Armenian |
-| ia | Interlingua |
-| id | Indonesian |
-| is | Icelandic |
-| it | Italian |
-| it-CH | Italian (Switzerland) |
-| it-IT | Italian (Italy) |
-| ja | Japanese |
-| jw | Javanese |
-| ka | Georgian |
-| kk | Kazakh |
-| km | Cambodian |
-| kn | Kannada |
-| ko | Korean |
-| ku | Kurdish |
-| ky | Kyrgyz |
-| la | Latin |
-| ln | Lingala |
-| lo | Laothian |
-| lt | Lithuanian |
-| lv | Latvian |
-| mk | Macedonian |
-| ml | Malayalam |
-| mn | Mongolian |
-| mo | Moldavian |
-| mr | Marathi |
-| ms | Malay |
-| mt | Maltese |
-| nb | Norwegian (Bokmal) |
-| ne | Nepali |
-| nl | Dutch |
-| nn | Norwegian (Nynorsk) |
-| no | Norwegian |
-| oc | Occitan |
-| om | Oromo |
-| or | Oriya |
-| pa | Punjabi |
-| pl | Polish |
-| ps | Pashto |
-| pt | Portuguese |
-| pt-BR | Portuguese (Brazil) |
-| pt-PT | Portuguese (Portugal) |
-| qu | Quechua |
-| rm | Romansh |
-| ro | Romanian |
-| ru | Russian |
-| sd | Sindhi |
-| sh | Serbo-Croatian |
-| si | Sinhalese |
-| sk | Slovak |
-| sl | Slovenian |
-| sn | Shona |
-| so | Somali |
-| sq | Albanian |
-| sr | Serbian |
-| st | Sesotho |
-| su | Sundanese |
-| sv | Swedish |
-| sw | Swahili |
-| ta | Tamil |
-| te | Telugu |
-| tg | Tajik |
-| th | Thai |
-| ti | Tigrinya |
-| tk | Turkmen |
-| to | Tonga |
-| tr | Turkish |
-| tt | Tatar |
-| tw | Twi |
-| ug | Uighur |
-| uk | Ukrainian |
-| ur | Urdu |
-| uz | Uzbek |
-| vi | Vietnamese |
-| xh | Xhosa |
-| yi | Yiddish |
-| yo | Yoruba |
-| zh | Chinese |
-| zh-CN | Chinese (Simplified) |
-| zh-TW | Chinese (Traditional) |
-| zu | Zulu |

docs/api/menu.md

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# Menu
+
 ## Class: Menu
 
 > Create native application menus and context menus.

docs/api/message-channel-main.md

@@ -9,12 +9,15 @@ channel messaging.
 
 ## Class: MessageChannelMain
 
+> Channel interface for channel messaging in the main process.
+
 Process: [Main](../glossary.md#main-process)
 
 Example:
 
 ```js
 // Main process
+const { MessageChannelMain } = require('electron')
 const { port1, port2 } = new MessageChannelMain()
 w.webContents.postMessage('port', null, [port2])
 port1.postMessage({ some: 'message' })

docs/api/message-port-main.md

@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@ channel messaging.
 
 ## Class: MessagePortMain
 
+> Port interface for channel messaging in the main process.
+
 Process: [Main](../glossary.md#main-process)
 
 ### Instance Methods

docs/api/process.md

@@ -30,11 +30,13 @@ In sandboxed renderers the `process` object contains only a subset of the APIs:
 * `arch`
 * `platform`
 * `sandboxed`
+* `contextIsolated`
 * `type`
 * `version`
 * `versions`
 * `mas`
 * `windowsStore`
+* `contextId`
 
 ## Events
 
@@ -43,19 +45,6 @@ In sandboxed renderers the `process` object contains only a subset of the APIs:
 Emitted when Electron has loaded its internal initialization script and is
 beginning to load the web page or the main script.
 
-It can be used by the preload script to add removed Node global symbols back to
-the global scope when node integration is turned off:
-
-```javascript
-// preload.js
-const _setImmediate = setImmediate
-const _clearImmediate = clearImmediate
-process.once('loaded', () => {
-  global.setImmediate = _setImmediate
-  global.clearImmediate = _clearImmediate
-})
-```
-
 ## Properties
 
 ### `process.defaultApp` _Readonly_
@@ -93,6 +82,11 @@ A `String` representing the path to the resources directory.
 A `Boolean`. When the renderer process is sandboxed, this property is `true`,
 otherwise it is `undefined`.
 
+### `process.contextIsolated` _Readonly_
+
+A `Boolean` that indicates whether the current renderer context has `contextIsolation` enabled.
+It is `undefined` in the main process.
+
 ### `process.throwDeprecation`
 
 A `Boolean` that controls whether or not deprecation warnings will be thrown as
@@ -133,6 +127,13 @@ A `String` representing Electron's version string.
 A `Boolean`. If the app is running as a Windows Store app (appx), this property is `true`,
 for otherwise it is `undefined`.
 
+### `process.contextId` _Readonly_
+
+A `String` (optional) representing a globally unique ID of the current JavaScript context.
+Each frame has its own JavaScript context. When contextIsolation is enabled, the isolated
+world also has a separate JavaScript context.
+This property is only available in the renderer process.
+
 ## Methods
 
 The `process` object has the following methods:

docs/api/sandbox-option.md

@@ -1,182 +0,0 @@
-# `sandbox` Option
-
-> Create a browser window with a sandboxed renderer. With this
-option enabled, the renderer must communicate via IPC to the main process in order to access node APIs.
-
-One of the key security features of Chromium is that all blink rendering/JavaScript
-code is executed within a sandbox. This sandbox uses OS-specific features to ensure
-that exploits in the renderer process cannot harm the system.
-
-In other words, when the sandbox is enabled, the renderers can only make changes
-to the system by delegating tasks to the main process via IPC.
-[Here's](https://www.chromium.org/developers/design-documents/sandbox) more
-information about the sandbox.
-
-Since a major feature in Electron is the ability to run Node.js in the
-renderer process (making it easier to develop desktop applications using web
-technologies), the sandbox is disabled by electron. This is because
-most Node.js APIs require system access. `require()` for example, is not
-possible without file system permissions, which are not available in a sandboxed
-environment.
-
-Usually this is not a problem for desktop applications since the code is always
-trusted, but it makes Electron less secure than Chromium for displaying
-untrusted web content. For applications that require more security, the
-`sandbox` flag will force Electron to spawn a classic Chromium renderer that is
-compatible with the sandbox.
-
-A sandboxed renderer doesn't have a Node.js environment running and doesn't
-expose Node.js JavaScript APIs to client code. The only exception is the preload script,
-which has access to a subset of the Electron renderer API.
-
-Another difference is that sandboxed renderers don't modify any of the default
-JavaScript APIs. Consequently, some APIs such as `window.open` will work as they
-do in Chromium (i.e. they do not return a [`BrowserWindowProxy`](browser-window-proxy.md)).
-
-## Example
-
-To create a sandboxed window, pass `sandbox: true` to `webPreferences`:
-
-```js
-let win
-app.whenReady().then(() => {
-  win = new BrowserWindow({
-    webPreferences: {
-      sandbox: true
-    }
-  })
-  win.loadURL('http://google.com')
-})
-```
-
-In the above code the [`BrowserWindow`](browser-window.md) that was created has Node.js disabled and can communicate
-only via IPC. The use of this option stops Electron from creating a Node.js runtime in the renderer. Also,
-within this new window `window.open` follows the native behavior (by default Electron creates a [`BrowserWindow`](browser-window.md)
-and returns a proxy to this via `window.open`).
-
-[`app.enableSandbox`](app.md#appenablesandbox) can be used to force `sandbox: true` for all `BrowserWindow` instances.
-
-```js
-let win
-app.enableSandbox()
-app.whenReady().then(() => {
-  // no need to pass `sandbox: true` since `app.enableSandbox()` was called.
-  win = new BrowserWindow()
-  win.loadURL('http://google.com')
-})
-```
-
-## Preload
-
-An app can make customizations to sandboxed renderers using a preload script.
-Here's an example:
-
-```js
-let win
-app.whenReady().then(() => {
-  win = new BrowserWindow({
-    webPreferences: {
-      sandbox: true,
-      preload: path.join(app.getAppPath(), 'preload.js')
-    }
-  })
-  win.loadURL('http://google.com')
-})
-```
-
-and preload.js:
-
-```js
-// This file is loaded whenever a javascript context is created. It runs in a
-// private scope that can access a subset of Electron renderer APIs. Without
-// contextIsolation enabled, it's possible to accidentally leak privileged
-// globals like ipcRenderer to web content.
-const { ipcRenderer } = require('electron')
-
-const defaultWindowOpen = window.open
-
-window.open = function customWindowOpen (url, ...args) {
-  ipcRenderer.send('report-window-open', location.origin, url, args)
-  return defaultWindowOpen(url + '?from_electron=1', ...args)
-}
-```
-
-Important things to notice in the preload script:
-
-- Even though the sandboxed renderer doesn't have Node.js running, it still has
-  access to a limited node-like environment: `Buffer`, `process`, `setImmediate`,
-  `clearImmediate` and `require` are available.
-- The preload script must be contained in a single script, but it is possible to have
-  complex preload code composed with multiple modules by using a tool like
-  webpack or browserify. An example of using browserify is below.
-
-To create a browserify bundle and use it as a preload script, something like
-the following should be used:
-
-```sh
-  browserify preload/index.js \
-    -x electron \
-    --insert-global-vars=__filename,__dirname -o preload.js
-```
-
-The `-x` flag should be used with any required module that is already exposed in
-the preload scope, and tells browserify to use the enclosing `require` function
-for it. `--insert-global-vars` will ensure that `process`, `Buffer` and
-`setImmediate` are also taken from the enclosing scope(normally browserify
-injects code for those).
-
-Currently the `require` function provided in the preload scope exposes the
-following modules:
-
-- `electron`
-  - `crashReporter`
-  - `desktopCapturer`
-  - `ipcRenderer`
-  - `nativeImage`
-  - `webFrame`
-- `events`
-- `timers`
-- `url`
-
-More may be added as needed to expose more Electron APIs in the sandbox.
-
-## Rendering untrusted content
-
-Rendering untrusted content in Electron is still somewhat uncharted territory,
-though some apps are finding success (e.g. Beaker Browser). Our goal is to get
-as close to Chrome as we can in terms of the security of sandboxed content, but
-ultimately we will always be behind due to a few fundamental issues:
-
-1. We do not have the dedicated resources or expertise that Chromium has to
-   apply to the security of its product. We do our best to make use of what we
-   have, to inherit everything we can from Chromium, and to respond quickly to
-   security issues, but Electron cannot be as secure as Chromium without the
-   resources that Chromium is able to dedicate.
-2. Some security features in Chrome (such as Safe Browsing and Certificate
-   Transparency) require a centralized authority and dedicated servers, both of
-   which run counter to the goals of the Electron project. As such, we disable
-   those features in Electron, at the cost of the associated security they
-   would otherwise bring.
-3. There is only one Chromium, whereas there are many thousands of apps built
-   on Electron, all of which behave slightly differently. Accounting for those
-   differences can yield a huge possibility space, and make it challenging to
-   ensure the security of the platform in unusual use cases.
-4. We can't push security updates to users directly, so we rely on app vendors
-   to upgrade the version of Electron underlying their app in order for
-   security updates to reach users.
-
-Here are some things to consider before rendering untrusted content:
-
-- A preload script can accidentally leak privileged APIs to untrusted code,
-  unless [`contextIsolation`](../tutorial/security.md#3-enable-context-isolation-for-remote-content)
-  is also enabled.
-- Some bug in the V8 engine may allow malicious code to access the renderer
-  preload APIs, effectively granting full access to the system through the
-  `remote` module. Therefore, it is highly recommended to [disable the `remote`
-  module](../tutorial/security.md#15-disable-the-remote-module).
-  If disabling is not feasible, you should selectively [filter the `remote`
-  module](../tutorial/security.md#16-filter-the-remote-module).
-- While we make our best effort to backport Chromium security fixes to older
-  versions of Electron, we do not make a guarantee that every fix will be
-  backported. Your best chance at staying secure is to be on the latest stable
-  version of Electron.

docs/api/session.md

@@ -817,6 +817,11 @@ Returns `Extension[]` - A list of all loaded extensions.
 **Note:** This API cannot be called before the `ready` event of the `app` module
 is emitted.
 
+#### `ses.getStoragePath()`
+
+A `String | null` indicating the absolute file system path where data for this
+session is persisted on disk.  For in memory sessions this returns `null`.
+
 ### Instance Properties
 
 The following properties are available on instances of `Session`:
@@ -830,6 +835,11 @@ code to the `setSpellCheckerLanguages` API that isn't in this array will result
 
 A `Boolean` indicating whether builtin spell checker is enabled.
 
+#### `ses.storagePath` _Readonly_
+
+A `String | null` indicating the absolute file system path where data for this
+session is persisted on disk.  For in memory sessions this returns `null`.
+
 #### `ses.cookies` _Readonly_
 
 A [`Cookies`](cookies.md) object for this session.

docs/api/share-menu.md

@@ -1,8 +1,4 @@
-## Class: ShareMenu
-
-> Create share menu on macOS.
-
-Process: [Main](../glossary.md#main-process)
+# ShareMenu
 
 The `ShareMenu` class creates [Share Menu][share-menu] on macOS, which can be
 used to share information from the current context to apps, social media
@@ -11,6 +7,12 @@ accounts, and other services.
 For including the share menu as a submenu of other menus, please use the
 `shareMenu` role of [`MenuItem`](menu-item.md).
 
+## Class: ShareMenu
+
+> Create share menu on macOS.
+
+Process: [Main](../glossary.md#main-process)
+
 ### `new ShareMenu(sharingItem)`
 
 * `sharingItem` SharingItem - The item to share.

docs/api/structures/jump-list-category.md

@@ -19,3 +19,7 @@
 property set then its `type` is assumed to be `tasks`. If the `name` property
 is set but the `type` property is omitted then the `type` is assumed to be
 `custom`.
+
+**Note:** The maximum length of a Jump List item's `description` property is
+260 characters. Beyond this limit, the item will not be added to the Jump
+List, nor will it be displayed.

docs/api/structures/jump-list-item.md

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 * `title` String (optional) - The text to be displayed for the item in the Jump List.
   Should only be set if `type` is `task`.
 * `description` String (optional) - Description of the task (displayed in a tooltip).
-  Should only be set if `type` is `task`.
+  Should only be set if `type` is `task`. Maximum length 260 characters.
 * `iconPath` String (optional) - The absolute path to an icon to be displayed in a
   Jump List, which can be an arbitrary resource file that contains an icon
   (e.g. `.ico`, `.exe`, `.dll`). You can usually specify `process.execPath` to

docs/api/structures/post-body.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # PostBody Object
 
-* `data` Array<[PostData](./post-data.md)> - The post data to be sent to the
+* `data` ([UploadRawData](upload-raw-data.md) | [UploadFile](upload-file.md))[] - The post data to be sent to the
   new window.
 * `contentType` String - The `content-type` header used for the data. One of
   `application/x-www-form-urlencoded` or `multipart/form-data`. Corresponds to

docs/api/structures/post-data.md

@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
-# PostData Object
-
-* `type` String - One of the following:
-  * `rawData` - The data is available as a `Buffer`, in the `rawData` field.
-  * `file` - The object represents a file. The `filePath`, `offset`, `length`
-    and `modificationTime` fields will be used to describe the file.
-  * `blob` - The object represents a `Blob`. The `blobUUID` field will be used
-    to describe the `Blob`.
-* `bytes` String (optional) - The raw bytes of the post data in a `Buffer`.
-  Required for the `rawData` type.
-* `filePath` String (optional) - The path of the file being uploaded. Required
-  for the `file` type.
-* `blobUUID` String (optional) - The `UUID` of the `Blob` being uploaded.
-  Required for the `blob` type.
-* `offset` Integer (optional) - The offset from the beginning of the file being
-  uploaded, in bytes. Only valid for `file` types.
-* `length` Integer (optional) - The length of the file being uploaded, in bytes.
-  If set to `-1`, the whole file will be uploaded. Only valid for `file` types.
-* `modificationTime` Double (optional) - The modification time of the file
-  represented by a double, which is the number of seconds since the `UNIX Epoch`
-  (Jan 1, 1970). Only valid for `file` types.

docs/api/structures/upload-file.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # UploadFile Object
 
-* `type` String - `file`.
+* `type` 'file' - `file`.
 * `filePath` String - Path of file to be uploaded.
 * `offset` Integer - Defaults to `0`.
 * `length` Integer - Number of bytes to read from `offset`.

docs/api/structures/upload-raw-data.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 # UploadRawData Object
 
-* `type` String - `rawData`.
+* `type` 'rawData' - `rawData`.
 * `bytes` Buffer - Data to be uploaded.

docs/api/structures/user-default-types.md

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# UserDefaultTypes Object
+
+* `string` String
+* `boolean` Boolean
+* `integer` Number
+* `float` Number
+* `double` Number
+* `url` String
+* `array` Array\<unknown>
+* `dictionary` Record\<string, unknown>
+
+This type is a helper alias, no object will never exist of this type.

docs/api/system-preferences.md

@@ -130,6 +130,8 @@ This is necessary for events such as `NSUserDefaultsDidChangeNotification`.
   * `userInfo` Record<String, unknown>
   * `object` String
 
+Returns `Number` - The ID of this subscription
+
 Same as `subscribeNotification`, but uses `NSWorkspace.sharedWorkspace.notificationCenter`.
 This is necessary for events such as `NSWorkspaceDidActivateApplicationNotification`.
 
@@ -157,13 +159,13 @@ Same as `unsubscribeNotification`, but removes the subscriber from `NSWorkspace.
 
 Add the specified defaults to your application's `NSUserDefaults`.
 
-### `systemPreferences.getUserDefault(key, type)` _macOS_
+### `systemPreferences.getUserDefault<Type extends keyof UserDefaultTypes>(key, type)` _macOS_
 
 * `key` String
-* `type` String - Can be `string`, `boolean`, `integer`, `float`, `double`,
+* `type` Type - Can be `string`, `boolean`, `integer`, `float`, `double`,
   `url`, `array` or `dictionary`.
 
-Returns `any` - The value of `key` in `NSUserDefaults`.
+Returns [`UserDefaultTypes[Type]`](structures/user-default-types.md) - The value of `key` in `NSUserDefaults`.
 
 Some popular `key` and `type`s are:
 

docs/api/touch-bar.md

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# TouchBar
+
 ## Class: TouchBar
 
 > Create TouchBar layouts for native macOS applications

docs/api/tray.md

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# Tray
+
 ## Class: Tray
 
 > Add icons and context menus to the system's notification area.

docs/api/web-contents.md

@@ -147,7 +147,8 @@ Returns:
 * `options` BrowserWindowConstructorOptions - The options which will be used for creating the new
   [`BrowserWindow`](browser-window.md).
 * `additionalFeatures` String[] - The non-standard features (features not handled
-  by Chromium or Electron) given to `window.open()`.
+  by Chromium or Electron) given to `window.open()`. Deprecated, and will now
+  always be the empty array `[]`.
 * `referrer` [Referrer](structures/referrer.md) - The referrer that will be
   passed to the new window. May or may not result in the `Referer` header being
   sent, depending on the referrer policy.
@@ -202,13 +203,11 @@ Returns:
   * `frameName` String - Name given to the created window in the
      `window.open()` call.
   * `options` BrowserWindowConstructorOptions - The options used to create the
-    BrowserWindow. They are merged in increasing precedence: options inherited
-    from the parent, parsed options from the `features` string from
-    `window.open()`, and options given by
+    BrowserWindow. They are merged in increasing precedence: parsed options
+    from the `features` string from `window.open()`, security-related
+    webPreferences inherited from the parent, and options given by
     [`webContents.setWindowOpenHandler`](web-contents.md#contentssetwindowopenhandlerhandler).
     Unrecognized options are not filtered out.
-  * `additionalFeatures` String[] - The non-standard features (features not
-    handled Chromium or Electron) _Deprecated_
   * `referrer` [Referrer](structures/referrer.md) - The referrer that will be
     passed to the new window. May or may not result in the `Referer` header
     being sent, depending on the referrer policy.
@@ -375,6 +374,8 @@ win.webContents.on('will-prevent-unload', (event) => {
 })
 ```
 
+**Note:** This will be emitted for `BrowserViews` but will _not_ be respected - this is because we have chosen not to tie the `BrowserView` lifecycle to its owning BrowserWindow should one exist per the [specification](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/beforeunload_event).
+
 #### Event: 'crashed' _Deprecated_
 
 Returns:
@@ -861,7 +862,7 @@ in `webPreferences`.
   * `httpReferrer` (String | [Referrer](structures/referrer.md)) (optional) - An HTTP Referrer url.
   * `userAgent` String (optional) - A user agent originating the request.
   * `extraHeaders` String (optional) - Extra headers separated by "\n".
-  * `postData` ([UploadRawData[]](structures/upload-raw-data.md) | [UploadFile[]](structures/upload-file.md)) (optional)
+  * `postData` ([UploadRawData](structures/upload-raw-data.md) | [UploadFile](structures/upload-file.md))[] (optional)
   * `baseURLForDataURL` String (optional) - Base url (with trailing path separator) for files to be loaded by the data url. This is needed only if the specified `url` is a data url and needs to load other files.
 
 Returns `Promise<void>` - the promise will resolve when the page has finished loading
@@ -1131,14 +1132,27 @@ Ignore application menu shortcuts while this web contents is focused.
     * `url` String - The _resolved_ version of the URL passed to `window.open()`. e.g. opening a window with `window.open('foo')` will yield something like `https://the-origin/the/current/path/foo`.
     * `frameName` String - Name of the window provided in `window.open()`
     * `features` String - Comma separated list of window features provided to `window.open()`.
+    * `disposition` String - Can be `default`, `foreground-tab`, `background-tab`,
+      `new-window`, `save-to-disk` or `other`.
+    * `referrer` [Referrer](structures/referrer.md) - The referrer that will be
+      passed to the new window. May or may not result in the `Referer` header being
+      sent, depending on the referrer policy.
+    * `postBody` [PostBody](structures/post-body.md) (optional) - The post data that
+      will be sent to the new window, along with the appropriate headers that will
+      be set. If no post data is to be sent, the value will be `null`. Only defined
+      when the window is being created by a form that set `target=_blank`.
+
   Returns `{action: 'deny'} | {action: 'allow', overrideBrowserWindowOptions?: BrowserWindowConstructorOptions}` - `deny` cancels the creation of the new
   window. `allow` will allow the new window to be created. Specifying `overrideBrowserWindowOptions` allows customization of the created window.
   Returning an unrecognized value such as a null, undefined, or an object
   without a recognized 'action' value will result in a console error and have
   the same effect as returning `{action: 'deny'}`.
 
-Called before creating a window when `window.open()` is called from the
-renderer. See [`window.open()`](window-open.md) for more details and how to use this in conjunction with `did-create-window`.
+Called before creating a window a new window is requested by the renderer, e.g.
+by `window.open()`, a link with `target="_blank"`, shift+clicking on a link, or
+submitting a form with `<form target="_blank">`. See
+[`window.open()`](window-open.md) for more details and how to use this in
+conjunction with `did-create-window`.
 
 #### `contents.setAudioMuted(muted)`
 
@@ -1267,8 +1281,7 @@ Inserts `text` to the focused element.
 * `text` String - Content to be searched, must not be empty.
 * `options` Object (optional)
   * `forward` Boolean (optional) - Whether to search forward or backward, defaults to `true`.
-  * `findNext` Boolean (optional) - Whether the operation is first request or a follow up,
-    defaults to `false`.
+  * `findNext` Boolean (optional) - Whether to begin a new text finding session with this request. Should be `true` for initial requests, and `false` for follow-up requests. Defaults to `false`.
   * `matchCase` Boolean (optional) - Whether search should be case-sensitive,
     defaults to `false`.
 
@@ -1310,19 +1323,21 @@ Captures a snapshot of the page within `rect`. Omitting `rect` will capture the
 Returns `Boolean` - Whether this page is being captured. It returns true when the capturer count
 is large then 0.
 
-#### `contents.incrementCapturerCount([size, stayHidden])`
+#### `contents.incrementCapturerCount([size, stayHidden, stayAwake])`
 
 * `size` [Size](structures/size.md) (optional) - The preferred size for the capturer.
 * `stayHidden` Boolean (optional) -  Keep the page hidden instead of visible.
+* `stayAwake` Boolean (optional) -  Keep the system awake instead of allowing it to sleep.
 
 Increase the capturer count by one. The page is considered visible when its browser window is
 hidden and the capturer count is non-zero. If you would like the page to stay hidden, you should ensure that `stayHidden` is set to true.
 
 This also affects the Page Visibility API.
 
-#### `contents.decrementCapturerCount([stayHidden])`
+#### `contents.decrementCapturerCount([stayHidden, stayAwake])`
 
 * `stayHidden` Boolean (optional) -  Keep the page in hidden state instead of visible.
+* `stayAwake` Boolean (optional) -  Keep the system awake instead of allowing it to sleep.
 
 Decrease the capturer count by one. The page will be set to hidden or occluded state when its
 browser window is hidden or occluded and the capturer count reaches zero. If you want to

docs/api/web-frame-main.md

@@ -182,3 +182,9 @@ This is not the same as the OS process ID; to read that use `frame.osProcessId`.
 An `Integer` representing the unique frame id in the current renderer process.
 Distinct `WebFrameMain` instances that refer to the same underlying frame will
 have the same `routingId`.
+
+#### `frame.visibilityState` _Readonly_
+
+A `string` representing the [visibility state](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Document/visibilityState) of the frame.
+
+See also how the [Page Visibility API](browser-window.md#page-visibility) is affected by other Electron APIs.

docs/api/web-frame.md

@@ -62,6 +62,11 @@ Sets the maximum and minimum pinch-to-zoom level.
 > webFrame.setVisualZoomLevelLimits(1, 3)
 > ```
 
+> **NOTE**: Visual zoom only applies to pinch-to-zoom behavior. Cmd+/-/0 zoom shortcuts are
+> controlled by the 'zoomIn', 'zoomOut', and 'resetZoom' MenuItem roles in the application
+> Menu. To disable shortcuts, manually [define the Menu](./menu.md#examples) and omit zoom roles
+> from the definition.
+
 ### `webFrame.setSpellCheckProvider(language, provider)`
 
 * `language` String

docs/api/webview-tag.md

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 Electron's `webview` tag is based on [Chromium's `webview`][chrome-webview], which
 is undergoing dramatic architectural changes. This impacts the stability of `webviews`,
 including rendering, navigation, and event routing. We currently recommend to not
-use the `webview` tag and to consider alternatives, like `iframe`, Electron's `BrowserView`,
+use the `webview` tag and to consider alternatives, like `iframe`, [Electron's `BrowserView`](browser-view.md),
 or an architecture that avoids embedded content altogether.
 
 ## Enabling
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ webview.addEventListener('dom-ready', () => {
   * `httpReferrer` (String | [Referrer](structures/referrer.md)) (optional) - An HTTP Referrer url.
   * `userAgent` String (optional) - A user agent originating the request.
   * `extraHeaders` String (optional) - Extra headers separated by "\n"
-  * `postData` ([UploadRawData[]](structures/upload-raw-data.md) | [UploadFile[]](structures/upload-file.md)) (optional)
+  * `postData` ([UploadRawData](structures/upload-raw-data.md) | [UploadFile](structures/upload-file.md))[] (optional)
   * `baseURLForDataURL` String (optional) - Base url (with trailing path separator) for files to be loaded by the data url. This is needed only if the specified `url` is a data url and needs to load other files.
 
 Returns `Promise<void>` - The promise will resolve when the page has finished loading
@@ -506,8 +506,7 @@ Inserts `text` to the focused element.
 * `text` String - Content to be searched, must not be empty.
 * `options` Object (optional)
   * `forward` Boolean (optional) - Whether to search forward or backward, defaults to `true`.
-  * `findNext` Boolean (optional) - Whether the operation is first request or a follow up,
-    defaults to `false`.
+  * `findNext` Boolean (optional) - Whether to begin a new text finding session with this request. Should be `true` for initial requests, and `false` for follow-up requests. Defaults to `false`.
   * `matchCase` Boolean (optional) - Whether search should be case-sensitive,
     defaults to `false`.
 

docs/api/window-open.md

@@ -6,16 +6,15 @@ untrusted content within a renderer. Windows can be created from the renderer in
 * clicking on links or submitting forms adorned with `target=_blank`
 * JavaScript calling `window.open()`
 
-In non-sandboxed renderers, or when `nativeWindowOpen` is false (the default), this results in the creation of a
-[`BrowserWindowProxy`](browser-window-proxy.md), a light wrapper around
-`BrowserWindow`.
+For same-origin content, the new window is created within the same process,
+enabling the parent to access the child window directly. This can be very
+useful for app sub-windows that act as preference panels, or similar, as the
+parent can render to the sub-window directly, as if it were a `div` in the
+parent. This is the same behavior as in the browser.
 
-However, when the `sandbox` (or directly, `nativeWindowOpen`) option is set, a
-`Window` instance is created, as you'd expect in the browser. For same-origin
-content, the new window is created within the same process, enabling the parent
-to access the child window directly. This can be very useful for app sub-windows that act
-as preference panels, or similar, as the parent can render to the sub-window
-directly, as if it were a `div` in the parent.
+When `nativeWindowOpen` is set to false, `window.open` instead results in the
+creation of a [`BrowserWindowProxy`](browser-window-proxy.md), a light wrapper
+around `BrowserWindow`.
 
 Electron pairs this native Chrome `Window` with a BrowserWindow under the hood.
 You can take advantage of all the customization available when creating a
@@ -23,9 +22,8 @@ BrowserWindow in the main process by using `webContents.setWindowOpenHandler()`
 for renderer-created windows.
 
 BrowserWindow constructor options are set by, in increasing precedence
-order: options inherited from the parent, parsed options
-from the `features` string from `window.open()`, security-related webPreferences
-inherited from the parent, and options given by
+order: parsed options from the `features` string from `window.open()`,
+security-related webPreferences inherited from the parent, and options given by
 [`webContents.setWindowOpenHandler`](web-contents.md#contentssetwindowopenhandlerhandler).
 Note that `webContents.setWindowOpenHandler` has final say and full privilege
 because it is invoked in the main process.
@@ -64,53 +62,23 @@ window.open('https://github.com', '_blank', 'top=500,left=200,frame=false,nodeIn
   the parent window.
 * Non-standard features (that are not handled by Chromium or Electron) given in
   `features` will be passed to any registered `webContents`'s
-  `did-create-window` event handler in the `additionalFeatures` argument.
+  `did-create-window` event handler in the `options` argument.
+* `frameName` follows the specification of `windowName` located in the [native documentation](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/open#parameters).
 
 To customize or cancel the creation of the window, you can optionally set an
 override handler with `webContents.setWindowOpenHandler()` from the main
-process. Returning `false` cancels the window, while returning an object sets
-the `BrowserWindowConstructorOptions` used when creating the window. Note that
-this is more powerful than passing options through the feature string, as the
-renderer has more limited privileges in deciding security preferences than the
-main process.
-
-### `BrowserWindowProxy` example
-
-```javascript
-
-// main.js
-const mainWindow = new BrowserWindow()
-
-mainWindow.webContents.setWindowOpenHandler(({ url }) => {
-  if (url.startsWith('https://github.com/')) {
-    return { action: 'allow' }
-  }
-  return { action: 'deny' }
-})
-
-mainWindow.webContents.on('did-create-window', (childWindow) => {
-  // For example...
-  childWindow.webContents.on('will-navigate', (e) => {
-    e.preventDefault()
-  })
-})
-```
-
-```javascript
-// renderer.js
-const windowProxy = window.open('https://github.com/', null, 'minimizable=false')
-windowProxy.postMessage('hi', '*')
-```
+process. Returning `{ action: 'deny' }` cancels the window. Returning `{
+action: 'allow', overrideBrowserWindowOptions: { ... } }` will allow opening
+the window and setting the `BrowserWindowConstructorOptions` to be used when
+creating the window. Note that this is more powerful than passing options
+through the feature string, as the renderer has more limited privileges in
+deciding security preferences than the main process.
 
 ### Native `Window` example
 
 ```javascript
 // main.js
-const mainWindow = new BrowserWindow({
-  webPreferences: {
-    nativeWindowOpen: true
-  }
-})
+const mainWindow = new BrowserWindow()
 
 // In this example, only windows with the `about:blank` url will be created.
 // All other urls will be blocked.
@@ -134,3 +102,33 @@ mainWindow.webContents.setWindowOpenHandler(({ url }) => {
 const childWindow = window.open('', 'modal')
 childWindow.document.write('<h1>Hello</h1>')
 ```
+
+### `BrowserWindowProxy` example
+
+```javascript
+
+// main.js
+const mainWindow = new BrowserWindow({
+  webPreferences: { nativeWindowOpen: false }
+})
+
+mainWindow.webContents.setWindowOpenHandler(({ url }) => {
+  if (url.startsWith('https://github.com/')) {
+    return { action: 'allow' }
+  }
+  return { action: 'deny' }
+})
+
+mainWindow.webContents.on('did-create-window', (childWindow) => {
+  // For example...
+  childWindow.webContents.on('will-navigate', (e) => {
+    e.preventDefault()
+  })
+})
+```
+
+```javascript
+// renderer.js
+const windowProxy = window.open('https://github.com/', null, 'minimizable=false')
+windowProxy.postMessage('hi', '*')
+```

docs/breaking-changes.md

@@ -14,7 +14,22 @@ This document uses the following convention to categorize breaking changes:
 
 ## Planned Breaking API Changes (14.0)
 
-### API Changed: `window.(open)`
+### Removed: `app.allowRendererProcessReuse`
+
+The `app.allowRendererProcessReuse` property will be removed as part of our plan to
+more closely align with Chromium's process model for security, performance and maintainability.
+
+For more detailed information see [#18397](https://github.com/electron/electron/issues/18397).
+
+### Removed: Browser Window Affinity
+
+The `affinity` option when constructing a new `BrowserWindow` will be removed
+as part of our plan to more closely align with Chromium's process model for security,
+performance and maintainability.
+
+For more detailed information see [#18397](https://github.com/electron/electron/issues/18397).
+
+### API Changed: `window.open()`
 
 The optional parameter `frameName` will no longer set the title of the window. This now follows the specification described by the [native documentation](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/open#parameters) under the corresponding parameter `windowName`.
 
@@ -28,6 +43,63 @@ ensure your code works with this property enabled.  It has been enabled by defau
 
 You will be affected by this change if you use either `webFrame.executeJavaScript` or `webFrame.executeJavaScriptInIsolatedWorld`. You will need to ensure that values returned by either of those methods are supported by the [Context Bridge API](api/context-bridge.md#parameter--error--return-type-support) as these methods use the same value passing semantics.
 
+### Default Changed: `nativeWindowOpen` defaults to `true`
+
+Prior to Electron 14, `window.open` was by default shimmed to use
+`BrowserWindowProxy`. This meant that `window.open('about:blank')` did not work
+to open synchronously scriptable child windows, among other incompatibilities.
+`nativeWindowOpen` is no longer experimental, and is now the default.
+
+See the documentation for [window.open in Electron](api/window-open.md)
+for more details.
+
+### Removed: BrowserWindowConstructorOptions inheriting from parent windows
+
+Prior to Electron 14, windows opened with `window.open` would inherit
+BrowserWindow constructor options such as `transparent` and `resizable` from
+their parent window. Beginning with Electron 14, this behavior is removed, and
+windows will not inherit any BrowserWindow constructor options from their
+parents.
+
+Instead, explicitly set options for the new window with `setWindowOpenHandler`:
+
+```js
+webContents.setWindowOpenHandler((details) => {
+  return {
+    action: 'allow',
+    overrideBrowserWindowOptions: {
+      // ...
+    }
+  }
+})
+```
+
+### Removed: `additionalFeatures`
+
+The deprecated `additionalFeatures` property in the `new-window` and
+`did-create-window` events of WebContents has been removed. Since `new-window`
+uses positional arguments, the argument is still present, but will always be
+the empty array `[]`. (Though note, the `new-window` event itself is
+deprecated, and is replaced by `setWindowOpenHandler`.) Bare keys in window
+features will now present as keys with the value `true` in the options object.
+
+```js
+// Removed in Electron 14
+// Triggered by window.open('...', '', 'my-key')
+webContents.on('did-create-window', (window, details) => {
+  if (details.additionalFeatures.includes('my-key')) {
+    // ...
+  }
+})
+
+// Replace with
+webContents.on('did-create-window', (window, details) => {
+  if (details.options['my-key']) {
+    // ...
+  }
+})
+```
+
 ## Planned Breaking API Changes (13.0)
 
 ### API Changed: `session.setPermissionCheckHandler(handler)`
@@ -136,6 +208,22 @@ systemPreferences.isHighContrastColorScheme()
 nativeTheme.shouldUseHighContrastColors
 ```
 
+### Deprecated: WebContents `new-window` event
+
+The `new-window` event of WebContents has been deprecated. It is replaced by [`webContents.setWindowOpenHandler()`](api/web-contents.md#contentssetwindowopenhandlerhandler).
+
+```js
+// Deprecated in Electron 13
+webContents.on('new-window', (event) => {
+  event.preventDefault()
+})
+
+// Replace with
+webContents.setWindowOpenHandler((details) => {
+  return { action: 'deny' }
+})
+```
+
 ## Planned Breaking API Changes (12.0)
 
 ### Removed: Pepper Flash support
@@ -298,14 +386,6 @@ Setting `{ compress: false }` in `crashReporter.start` is deprecated. Nearly
 all crash ingestion servers support gzip compression. This option will be
 removed in a future version of Electron.
 
-### Removed: Browser Window Affinity
-
-The `affinity` option when constructing a new `BrowserWindow` will be removed
-as part of our plan to more closely align with Chromium's process model for security,
-performance and maintainability.
-
-For more detailed information see [#18397](https://github.com/electron/electron/issues/18397).
-
 ### Default Changed: `enableRemoteModule` defaults to `false`
 
 In Electron 9, using the remote module without explicitly enabling it via the

docs/development/build-instructions-gn.md

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 # Build Instructions
 
-Follow the guidelines below for building Electron.
+Follow the guidelines below for building **Electron itself**, for the purposes of creating custom Electron binaries. For bundling and distributing your app code with the prebuilt Electron binaries, see the [application distribution][application-distribution] guide.
+
+[application-distribution]: ../tutorial/application-distribution.md
 
 ## Platform prerequisites
 

docs/development/build-instructions-linux.md

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 # Build Instructions (Linux)
 
-Follow the guidelines below for building Electron on Linux.
+Follow the guidelines below for building **Electron itself** on Linux, for the purposes of creating custom Electron binaries. For bundling and distributing your app code with the prebuilt Electron binaries, see the [application distribution][application-distribution] guide.
+
+[application-distribution]: ../tutorial/application-distribution.md
 
 ## Prerequisites
 

docs/development/build-instructions-macos.md

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 # Build Instructions (macOS)
 
-Follow the guidelines below for building Electron on macOS.
+Follow the guidelines below for building **Electron itself** on macOS, for the purposes of creating custom Electron binaries. For bundling and distributing your app code with the prebuilt Electron binaries, see the [application distribution][application-distribution] guide.
+
+[application-distribution]: ../tutorial/application-distribution.md
 
 ## Prerequisites
 

docs/development/build-instructions-windows.md

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 # Build Instructions (Windows)
 
-Follow the guidelines below for building Electron on Windows.
+Follow the guidelines below for building **Electron itself** on Windows, for the purposes of creating custom Electron binaries. For bundling and distributing your app code with the prebuilt Electron binaries, see the [application distribution][application-distribution] guide.
+
+[application-distribution]: ../tutorial/application-distribution.md
 
 ## Prerequisites
 

docs/development/pull-requests.md

@@ -106,7 +106,6 @@ Common prefixes:
 * perf: A code change that improves performance
 * refactor: A code change that neither fixes a bug nor adds a feature
 * style: Changes that do not affect the meaning of the code (linting)
-* vendor: Bumping a dependency like libchromiumcontent or node
 
 Other things to keep in mind when writing a commit message:
 

docs/development/source-code-directory-structure.md

@@ -83,8 +83,6 @@ Electron
 * **.github** - GitHub-specific config files including issues templates and CODEOWNERS.
 * **dist** - Temporary directory created by `script/create-dist.py` script
   when creating a distribution.
-* **external_binaries** - Downloaded binaries of third-party frameworks which
-  do not support building with `gn`.
 * **node_modules** - Third party node modules used for building.
 * **npm** - Logic for installation of Electron via npm.
 * **out** - Temporary output directory of `ninja`.
@@ -100,7 +98,4 @@ script/ - The set of all scripts Electron runs for a variety of purposes.
     └── uploaders/ - Uploads various release-related files during release.
 ```
 
-* **tools** - Helper scripts used by GN files.
-  * Scripts put here should never be invoked by users directly, unlike those in `script`.
 * **typings** - TypeScript typings for Electron's internal code.
-* **vendor** - Source code for some third party dependencies.

docs/tutorial/code-signing.md

@@ -190,7 +190,6 @@ it may be worth your time to shop around. Popular resellers include:
 
 * [digicert](https://www.digicert.com/code-signing/microsoft-authenticode.htm)
 * [Sectigo](https://sectigo.com/ssl-certificates-tls/code-signing)
-* [GoDaddy](https://au.godaddy.com/web-security/code-signing-certificate)
 * Amongst others, please shop around to find one that suits your needs, Google
   is your friend 😄
 

docs/tutorial/installation.md

@@ -11,14 +11,19 @@ npm install electron --save-dev
 See the [Electron versioning doc][versioning] for info on how to
 manage Electron versions in your apps.
 
-## Global Installation
+## Running Electron ad-hoc
 
-You can also install the `electron` command globally in your `$PATH`:
+If you're in a pinch and would prefer to not use `npm install` in your local
+project, you can also run Electron ad-hoc using the [`npx`][npx] command runner
+bundled with `npm`:
 
 ```sh
-npm install electron -g
+npx electron .
 ```
 
+The above command will run the current working directory with Electron. Note that
+any dependencies in your app will not be installed.
+
 ## Customization
 
 If you want to change the architecture that is downloaded (e.g., `ia32` on an
@@ -178,6 +183,7 @@ If you need to force a re-download of the asset and the SHASUM file set the
 
 [npm]: https://docs.npmjs.com
 [versioning]: ./electron-versioning.md
+[npx]: https://docs.npmjs.com/cli/v7/commands/npx
 [releases]: https://github.com/electron/electron/releases
 [proxy-env-10]: https://github.com/gajus/global-agent/blob/v2.1.5/README.md#environment-variables
 [proxy-env]: https://github.com/np-maintain/global-tunnel/blob/v2.7.1/README.md#auto-config

docs/tutorial/mac-app-store-submission-guide.md

@@ -1,53 +1,111 @@
 # Mac App Store Submission Guide
 
-Since v0.34.0, Electron allows submitting packaged apps to the Mac App Store
-(MAS). This guide provides information on: how to submit your app and the
-limitations of the MAS build.
+This guide provides information on:
 
-**Note:** Submitting an app to Mac App Store requires enrolling in the [Apple Developer
-Program][developer-program], which costs money.
+* How to sign Electron apps on macOS;
+* How to submit Electron apps to Mac App Store (MAS);
+* The limitations of the MAS build.
 
-## How to Submit Your App
+## Requirements
 
-The following steps introduce a simple way to submit your app to Mac App Store.
-However, these steps do not ensure your app will be approved by Apple; you
-still need to read Apple's [Submitting Your App][submitting-your-app] guide on
-how to meet the Mac App Store requirements.
+To sign Electron apps, the following tools must be installed first:
 
-### Get Certificate
+* Xcode 11 or above.
+* The [electron-osx-sign][electron-osx-sign] npm module.
 
-To submit your app to the Mac App Store, you first must get a certificate from
-Apple. You can follow these [existing guides][nwjs-guide] on web.
+You also have to register an Apple Developer account and join the
+[Apple Developer Program][developer-program].
 
-### Get Team ID
+## Sign Electron apps
 
-Before signing your app, you need to know the Team ID of your account. To locate
-your Team ID, Sign in to [Apple Developer Center](https://developer.apple.com/account/),
-and click Membership in the sidebar. Your Team ID appears in the Membership
-Information section under the team name.
+Electron apps can be distributed through Mac App Store or outside it. Each way
+requires different ways of signing and testing. This guide focuses on
+distribution via Mac App Store, but will also mention other methods.
 
-### Sign Your App
+The following steps describe how to get the certificates from Apple, how to sign
+Electron apps, and how to test them.
 
-After finishing the preparation work, you can package your app by following
-[Application Distribution](application-distribution.md), and then proceed to
-signing your app.
+### Get certificates
 
-First, you have to add a `ElectronTeamID` key to your app's `Info.plist`, which
-has your Team ID as its value:
+The simplest way to get signing certificates is to use Xcode:
 
-```xml
-<plist version="1.0">
-<dict>
-  ...
-  <key>ElectronTeamID</key>
-  <string>TEAM_ID</string>
-</dict>
-</plist>
-```
+1. Open Xcode and open "Accounts" preferences;
+2. Sign in with your Apple account;
+3. Select a team and click "Manage Certificates";
+4. In the lower-left corner of the signing certificates sheet, click the Add
+   button (+), and add following certificates:
+   * "Apple Development"
+   * "Apple Distribution"
 
-Then, you need to prepare three entitlements files.
+The "Apple Development" certificate is used to sign apps for development and
+testing, on machines that have been registered on Apple Developer website. The
+method of registration will be described in
+[Prepare provisioning profile](#prepare-provisioning-profile).
 
-`child.plist`:
+Apps signed with the "Apple Development" certificate cannot be submitted to Mac
+App Store. For that purpose, apps must be signed with the "Apple Distribution"
+certificate instead. But note that apps signed with the "Apple Distribution"
+certificate cannot run directly, they must be re-signed by Apple to be able to
+run, which will only be possible after being downloaded from the Mac App Store.
+
+#### Other certificates
+
+You may notice that there are also other kinds of certificates.
+
+The "Developer ID Application" certificate is used to sign apps before
+distributing them outside the Mac App Store.
+
+The "Developer ID Installer" and "Mac Installer Distribution" certificates are
+used to sign the Mac Installer Package instead of the app itself. Most Electron
+apps do not use Mac Installer Package so they are generally not needed.
+
+The full list of certificate types can be found
+[here](https://help.apple.com/xcode/mac/current/#/dev80c6204ec).
+
+Apps signed with "Apple Development" and "Apple Distribution" certificates can
+only run under [App Sandbox][app-sandboxing], so they must use the MAS build of
+Electron. However, the "Developer ID Application" certificate does not have this
+restrictions, so apps signed with it can use either the normal build or the MAS
+build of Electron.
+
+#### Legacy certificate names
+
+Apple has been changing the names of certificates during past years, you might
+encounter them when reading old documentations, and some utilities are still
+using one of the old names.
+
+* The "Apple Distribution" certificate was also named as "3rd Party Mac
+  Developer Application" and "Mac App Distribution".
+* The "Apple Development" certificate was also named as "Mac Developer" and
+  "Development".
+
+### Prepare provisioning profile
+
+If you want to test your app on your local machine before submitting your app to
+the Mac App Store, you have to sign the app with the "Apple Development"
+certificate with the provisioning profile embedded in the app bundle.
+
+To [create a provisioning profile](https://help.apple.com/developer-account/#/devf2eb157f8),
+you can follow the below steps:
+
+1. Open the "Certificates, Identifiers & Profiles" page on the
+   [Apple Developer](https://developer.apple.com/account) website.
+2. Add a new App ID for your app in the "Identifiers" page.
+3. Register your local machine in the "Devices" page. You can find your
+   machine's "Device ID" in the "Hardware" page of the "System Information" app.
+4. Register a new Provisioning Profile in the "Profiles" page, and download it
+   to `/path/to/yourapp.provisionprofile`.
+
+### Enable Apple's App Sandbox
+
+Apps submitted to the Mac App Store must run under Apple's
+[App Sandbox][app-sandboxing], and only the MAS build of Electron can run with
+the App Sandbox. The standard darwin build of Electron will fail to launch
+when run under App Sandbox.
+
+When signing the app with `electron-osx-sign`, it will automatically add the
+necessary entitlements to your app's entitlements, but if you are using custom
+entitlements, you must ensure App Sandbox capacity is added:
 
 ```xml
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
@@ -56,13 +114,14 @@ Then, you need to prepare three entitlements files.
   <dict>
     <key>com.apple.security.app-sandbox</key>
     <true/>
-    <key>com.apple.security.inherit</key>
-    <true/>
   </dict>
 </plist>
 ```
 
-`parent.plist`:
+#### Extra steps without `electron-osx-sign`
+
+If you are signing your app without using `electron-osx-sign`, you must ensure
+the app bundle's entitlements have at least following keys:
 
 ```xml
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
@@ -79,7 +138,11 @@ Then, you need to prepare three entitlements files.
 </plist>
 ```
 
-`loginhelper.plist`:
+The `TEAM_ID` should be replaced with your Apple Developer account's Team ID,
+and the `your.bundle.id` should be replaced with the App ID of the app.
+
+And the following entitlements must be added to the binaries and helpers in
+the app's bundle:
 
 ```xml
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
@@ -88,80 +151,97 @@ Then, you need to prepare three entitlements files.
   <dict>
     <key>com.apple.security.app-sandbox</key>
     <true/>
+    <key>com.apple.security.inherit</key>
+    <true/>
   </dict>
 </plist>
 ```
 
-You have to replace `TEAM_ID` with your Team ID, and replace `your.bundle.id`
-with the Bundle ID of your app.
+And the app bundle's `Info.plist` must include `ElectronTeamID` key, which has
+your Apple Developer account's Team ID as its value:
 
-And then sign your app with the following script:
-
-```sh
-#!/bin/bash
-
-# Name of your app.
-APP="YourApp"
-# The path of your app to sign.
-APP_PATH="/path/to/YourApp.app"
-# The path to the location you want to put the signed package.
-RESULT_PATH="~/Desktop/$APP.pkg"
-# The name of certificates you requested.
-APP_KEY="3rd Party Mac Developer Application: Company Name (APPIDENTITY)"
-INSTALLER_KEY="3rd Party Mac Developer Installer: Company Name (APPIDENTITY)"
-# The path of your plist files.
-CHILD_PLIST="/path/to/child.plist"
-PARENT_PLIST="/path/to/parent.plist"
-LOGINHELPER_PLIST="/path/to/loginhelper.plist"
-
-FRAMEWORKS_PATH="$APP_PATH/Contents/Frameworks"
-
-codesign -s "$APP_KEY" -f --entitlements "$CHILD_PLIST" "$FRAMEWORKS_PATH/Electron Framework.framework/Versions/A/Electron Framework"
-codesign -s "$APP_KEY" -f --entitlements "$CHILD_PLIST" "$FRAMEWORKS_PATH/Electron Framework.framework/Versions/A/Libraries/libffmpeg.dylib"
-codesign -s "$APP_KEY" -f --entitlements "$CHILD_PLIST" "$FRAMEWORKS_PATH/Electron Framework.framework/Versions/A/Libraries/libnode.dylib"
-codesign -s "$APP_KEY" -f --entitlements "$CHILD_PLIST" "$FRAMEWORKS_PATH/Electron Framework.framework"
-codesign -s "$APP_KEY" -f --entitlements "$CHILD_PLIST" "$FRAMEWORKS_PATH/$APP Helper.app/Contents/MacOS/$APP Helper"
-codesign -s "$APP_KEY" -f --entitlements "$CHILD_PLIST" "$FRAMEWORKS_PATH/$APP Helper.app/"
-codesign -s "$APP_KEY" -f --entitlements "$LOGINHELPER_PLIST" "$APP_PATH/Contents/Library/LoginItems/$APP Login Helper.app/Contents/MacOS/$APP Login Helper"
-codesign -s "$APP_KEY" -f --entitlements "$LOGINHELPER_PLIST" "$APP_PATH/Contents/Library/LoginItems/$APP Login Helper.app/"
-codesign -s "$APP_KEY" -f --entitlements "$CHILD_PLIST" "$APP_PATH/Contents/MacOS/$APP"
-codesign -s "$APP_KEY" -f --entitlements "$PARENT_PLIST" "$APP_PATH"
-
-productbuild --component "$APP_PATH" /Applications --sign "$INSTALLER_KEY" "$RESULT_PATH"
+```xml
+<plist version="1.0">
+<dict>
+  ...
+  <key>ElectronTeamID</key>
+  <string>TEAM_ID</string>
+</dict>
+</plist>
 ```
 
-If you are new to app sandboxing under macOS, you should also read through
-Apple's [Enabling App Sandbox][enable-app-sandbox] to have a basic idea, then
-add keys for the permissions needed by your app to the entitlements files.
+When using `electron-osx-sign` the `ElectronTeamID` key will be added
+automatically by extracting the Team ID from the certificate's name. You may
+need to manually add this key if `electron-osx-sign` could not find the correct
+Team ID.
 
-Apart from manually signing your app, you can also choose to use the
-[electron-osx-sign][electron-osx-sign] module to do the job.
+### Sign apps for development
 
-#### Sign Native Modules
+To sign an app that can run on your development machine, you must sign it with
+the "Apple Development" certificate and pass the provisioning profile to
+`electron-osx-sign`.
 
-Native modules used in your app also need to be signed. If using
-electron-osx-sign, be sure to include the path to the built binaries in the
-argument list:
-
-```sh
-electron-osx-sign YourApp.app YourApp.app/Contents/Resources/app/node_modules/nativemodule/build/release/nativemodule
+```bash
+electron-osx-sign YourApp.app --identity='Apple Development' --provisioning-profile=/path/to/yourapp.provisionprofile
 ```
 
-Also note that native modules may have intermediate files produced which should
-not be included (as they would also need to be signed). If you use
-[electron-packager][electron-packager] before version 8.1.0, add
-`--ignore=.+\.o$` to your build step to ignore these files. Versions 8.1.0 and
-later ignore those files by default.
+If you are signing without `electron-osx-sign`, you must place the provisioning
+profile to `YourApp.app/Contents/embedded.provisionprofile`.
 
-### Upload Your App
+The signed app can only run on the machines that registered by the provisioning
+profile, and this is the only way to test the signed app before submitting to
+Mac App Store.
 
-After signing your app, you can use Application Loader to upload it to iTunes
+### Sign apps for submitting to the Mac App Store
+
+To sign an app that will be submitted to Mac App Store, you must sign it with
+the "Apple Distribution" certificate. Note that apps signed with this
+certificate will not run anywhere, unless it is downloaded from Mac App Store.
+
+```bash
+electron-osx-sign YourApp.app --identity='Apple Distribution'
+```
+
+### Sign apps for distribution outside the Mac App Store
+
+If you don't plan to submit the app to Mac App Store, you can sign it the
+"Developer ID Application" certificate. In this way there is no requirement on
+App Sandbox, and you should use the normal darwin build of Electron if you don't
+use App Sandbox.
+
+```bash
+electron-osx-sign YourApp.app --identity='Developer ID Application' --no-gatekeeper-assess
+```
+
+By passing `--no-gatekeeper-assess`, the `electron-osx-sign` will skip the macOS
+GateKeeper check as your app usually has not been notarized yet by this step.
+
+<!-- TODO(zcbenz): Add a chapter about App Notarization -->
+This guide does not cover [App Notarization][app-notarization], but you might
+want to do it otherwise Apple may prevent users from using your app outside Mac
+App Store.
+
+## Submit Apps to the Mac App Store
+
+After signing the app with the "Apple Distribution" certificate, you can
+continue to submit it to Mac App Store.
+
+However, this guide do not ensure your app will be approved by Apple; you
+still need to read Apple's [Submitting Your App][submitting-your-app] guide on
+how to meet the Mac App Store requirements.
+
+### Upload
+
+The Application Loader should be used to upload the signed app to iTunes
 Connect for processing, making sure you have [created a record][create-record]
 before uploading.
 
-### Submit Your App for Review
+If you are seeing errors like private APIs uses, you should check if the app is
+using the MAS build of Electron.
 
-After these steps, you can [submit your app for review][submit-for-review].
+### Submit for review
+
+After uploading, you should [submit your app for review][submit-for-review].
 
 ## Limitations of MAS Build
 
@@ -181,13 +261,13 @@ Also, due to the usage of app sandboxing, the resources which can be accessed by
 the app are strictly limited; you can read [App Sandboxing][app-sandboxing] for
 more information.
 
-### Additional Entitlements
+### Additional entitlements
 
 Depending on which Electron APIs your app uses, you may need to add additional
-entitlements to your `parent.plist` file to be able to use these APIs from your
-app's Mac App Store build.
+entitlements to your app's entitlements file. Otherwise, the App Sandbox may
+prevent you from using them.
 
-#### Network Access
+#### Network access
 
 Enable outgoing network connections to allow your app to connect to a server:
 
@@ -261,15 +341,12 @@ Electron uses following cryptographic algorithms:
 * RIPEMD - [ISO/IEC 10118-3](https://webstore.ansi.org/RecordDetail.aspx?sku=ISO%2FIEC%2010118-3:2004)
 
 [developer-program]: https://developer.apple.com/support/compare-memberships/
-[submitting-your-app]: https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/documentation/IDEs/Conceptual/AppDistributionGuide/SubmittingYourApp/SubmittingYourApp.html
-[nwjs-guide]: https://github.com/nwjs/nw.js/wiki/Mac-App-Store-%28MAS%29-Submission-Guideline#first-steps
-[enable-app-sandbox]: https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/Miscellaneous/Reference/EntitlementKeyReference/Chapters/EnablingAppSandbox.html
-[create-record]: https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/LanguagesUtilities/Conceptual/iTunesConnect_Guide/Chapters/CreatingiTunesConnectRecord.html
-[electron-osx-sign]: https://github.com/electron-userland/electron-osx-sign
-[electron-packager]: https://github.com/electron/electron-packager
-[submit-for-review]: https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/LanguagesUtilities/Conceptual/iTunesConnect_Guide/Chapters/SubmittingTheApp.html
+[electron-osx-sign]: https://github.com/electron/electron-osx-sign
 [app-sandboxing]: https://developer.apple.com/app-sandboxing/
+[app-notarization]: https://developer.apple.com/documentation/security/notarizing_macos_software_before_distribution
+[submitting-your-app]: https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/documentation/IDEs/Conceptual/AppDistributionGuide/SubmittingYourApp/SubmittingYourApp.html
+[create-record]: https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/LanguagesUtilities/Conceptual/iTunesConnect_Guide/Chapters/CreatingiTunesConnectRecord.html
+[submit-for-review]: https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/LanguagesUtilities/Conceptual/iTunesConnect_Guide/Chapters/SubmittingTheApp.html
 [export-compliance]: https://help.apple.com/app-store-connect/#/devc3f64248f
-[temporary-exception]: https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/documentation/Miscellaneous/Reference/EntitlementKeyReference/Chapters/AppSandboxTemporaryExceptionEntitlements.html
 [user-selected]: https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/documentation/Miscellaneous/Reference/EntitlementKeyReference/Chapters/EnablingAppSandbox.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40011195-CH4-SW6
 [network-access]: https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/Miscellaneous/Reference/EntitlementKeyReference/Chapters/EnablingAppSandbox.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40011195-CH4-SW9

docs/tutorial/quick-start.md

@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ app.whenReady().then(() => {
       createWindow()
     }
   })
-)
+})
 
 app.on('window-all-closed', () => {
   if (process.platform !== 'darwin') {
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ The `index.html` page looks as follows:
 
 #### Define a preload script
 
-Your preload script acts as a bridge between Node.js and your web page. It allows you to expose specific APIs and behaviors to your web page rather than insecurely exposing the entire Node.js API. In this example we will use the preload script to read version information from the `process` object and update the web page with that info.
+Your preload script (in our case, the `preload.js` file) acts as a bridge between Node.js and your web page. It allows you to expose specific APIs and behaviors to your web page rather than insecurely exposing the entire Node.js API. In this example we will use the preload script to read version information from the `process` object and update the web page with that info.
 
 ```javascript fiddle='docs/fiddles/quick-start'
 window.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => {

docs/tutorial/recent-documents.md

@@ -83,6 +83,22 @@ following code snippet to your menu template:
 }
 ```
 
+Make sure the application menu is added after the [`'ready'`](../api/app.md#event-ready)
+event and not before, or the menu item will be disabled:
+
+```javascript
+const { app, Menu } = require('electron')
+
+const template = [
+  // Menu template here
+]
+const menu = Menu.buildFromTemplate(template)
+
+app.whenReady().then(() => {
+  Menu.setApplicationMenu(menu)
+})
+```
+
 ![macOS Recent Documents menu item][menu-item-image]
 
 When a file is requested from the recent documents menu, the `open-file` event

docs/tutorial/repl.md

@@ -1,27 +1,23 @@
 # REPL
 
-Read-Eval-Print-Loop (REPL) is a simple, interactive computer programming
-environment that takes single user inputs (i.e. single expressions), evaluates
-them, and returns the result to the user.
+[Read-Eval-Print-Loop](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Read%E2%80%93eval%E2%80%93print_loop) (REPL)
+is a simple, interactive computer programming environment that takes single user
+inputs (i.e. single expressions), evaluates them, and returns the result to the user.
 
-The `repl` module provides a REPL implementation that can be accessed using:
+## Main process
 
-* Assuming you have `electron` or `electron-prebuilt` installed as a local
-  project dependency:
+Electron exposes the [Node.js `repl` module](https://nodejs.org/dist/latest/docs/api/repl.html)
+through the `--interactive` CLI flag. Assuming you have `electron` installed as a local project
+dependency, you should be able to access the REPL with the following command:
 
   ```sh
   ./node_modules/.bin/electron --interactive
   ```
 
-* Assuming you have `electron` or `electron-prebuilt` installed globally:
+**Note:** `electron --interactive` is not available on Windows
+(see [electron/electron#5776](https://github.com/electron/electron/pull/5776) for more details).
 
-  ```sh
-  electron --interactive
-  ```
+## Renderer process
 
-This only creates a REPL for the main process. You can use the Console
-tab of the Dev Tools to get a REPL for the renderer processes.
-
-**Note:** `electron --interactive` is not available on Windows.
-
-More information can be found in the [Node.js REPL docs](https://nodejs.org/dist/latest/docs/api/repl.html).
+You can use the DevTools Console tab to get a REPL for any renderer process.
+To learn more, read [the Chrome documentation](https://developer.chrome.com/docs/devtools/console/).

docs/tutorial/sandbox.md

@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+# Process Sandboxing
+
+One key security feature in Chromium is that processes can be executed within a sandbox.
+The sandbox limits the harm that malicious code can cause by limiting access to most
+system resources — sandboxed processes can only freely use CPU cycles and memory.
+In order to perform operations requiring additional privilege, sandboxed processes
+use dedicated communication channels to delegate tasks to more privileged processes.
+
+In Chromium, sandboxing is applied to most processes other than the main process.
+This includes renderer processes, as well as utility processes such as the audio service,
+the GPU service and the network service.
+
+See Chromium's [Sandbox design document][sandbox] for more information.
+
+## Electron's sandboxing policies
+
+Electron comes with a mixed sandbox environment, meaning sandboxed processes can run
+alongside privileged ones. By default, renderer processes are not sandboxed, but
+utility processes are. Note that as in Chromium, the main (browser) process is
+privileged and cannot be sandboxed.
+
+Historically, this mixed sandbox approach was established because having Node.js available
+in the renderer is an extremely powerful tool for app developers. Unfortunately, this
+feature is also an equally massive security vulnerability.
+
+Theoretically, unsandboxed renderers are not a problem for desktop applications that
+only display trusted code, but they make Electron less secure than Chromium for
+displaying untrusted web content. However, even purportedly trusted code may be
+dangerous — there are countless attack vectors that malicious actors can use, from
+cross-site scripting to content injection to man-in-the-middle attacks on remotely loaded
+websites, just to name a few. For this reason, we recommend enabling renderer sandboxing
+for the vast majority of cases under an abundance of caution.
+
+<!--TODO: update this guide when #28466 is either solved or closed -->
+Note that there is an active discussion in the issue tracker to enable renderer sandboxing
+by default. See [#28466][issue-28466]) for details.
+
+## Sandbox behaviour in Electron
+
+Sandboxed processes in Electron behave _mostly_ in the same way as Chromium's do, but
+Electron has a few additional concepts to consider because it interfaces with Node.js.
+
+### Renderer processes
+
+When renderer processes in Electron are sandboxed, they behave in the same way as a
+regular Chrome renderer would. A sandboxed renderer won't have a Node.js
+environment initialized.
+
+<!-- TODO(erickzhao): when we have a solid guide for IPC, link it here -->
+Therefore, when the sandbox is enabled, renderer processes can only perform privileged
+tasks (such as interacting with the filesystem, making changes to the system, or spawning
+subprocesses) by delegating these tasks to the main process via inter-process
+communication (IPC).
+
+### Preload scripts
+
+In order to allow renderer processes to communicate with the main process, preload
+scripts attached to sandboxed renderers will still have a polyfilled subset of Node.js
+APIs available. A `require` function similar to Node's `require` module is exposed,
+but can only import a subset of Electron and Node's built-in modules:
+
+* `electron` (only renderer process modules)
+* [`events`](https://nodejs.org/api/events.html)
+* [`timers`](https://nodejs.org/api/timers.html)
+* [`url`](https://nodejs.org/api/url.html)
+
+In addition, the preload script also polyfills certain Node.js primitives as globals:
+
+* [`Buffer`](https://nodejs.org/api/Buffer.html)
+* [`process`](../api/process.md)
+* [`clearImmediate`](https://nodejs.org/api/timers.html#timers_clearimmediate_immediate)
+* [`setImmediate`](https://nodejs.org/api/timers.html#timers_setimmediate_callback_args)
+
+Because the `require` function is a polyfill with limited functionality, you will not be
+able to use [CommonJS modules][commonjs] to separate your preload script into multiple
+files. If you need to split your preload code, use a bundler such as [webpack][webpack]
+or [Parcel][parcel].
+
+Note that because the environment presented to the `preload` script is substantially
+more privileged than that of a sandboxed renderer, it is still possible to leak
+privileged APIs to untrusted code running in the renderer process unless
+[`contextIsolation`][contextIsolation] is enabled.
+
+## Configuring the sandbox
+
+### Enabling the sandbox for a single process
+
+In Electron, renderer sandboxing can be enabled on a per-process basis with
+the `sandbox: true` preference in the [`BrowserWindow`][browser-window] constructor.
+
+```js
+// main.js
+app.whenReady().then(() => {
+  const win = new BrowserWindow({
+    webPreferences: {
+      sandbox: true
+    }
+  })
+  win.loadURL('https://google.com')
+})
+```
+
+### Enabling the sandbox globally
+
+If you want to force sandboxing for all renderers, you can also use the
+[`app.enableSandbox`][enable-sandbox] API. Note that this API has to be called before the
+app's `ready` event.
+
+```js
+// main.js
+app.enableSandbox()
+app.whenReady().then(() => {
+  // no need to pass `sandbox: true` since `app.enableSandbox()` was called.
+  const win = new BrowserWindow()
+  win.loadURL('https://google.com')
+})
+```
+
+### Disabling Chromium's sandbox (testing only)
+
+You can also disable Chromium's sandbox entirely with the [`--no-sandbox`][no-sandbox]
+CLI flag, which will disable the sandbox for all processes (including utility processes).
+We highly recommend that you only use this flag for testing purposes, and **never**
+in production.
+
+Note that the `sandbox: true` option will still disable the renderer's Node.js
+environment.
+
+## A note on rendering untrusted content
+
+Rendering untrusted content in Electron is still somewhat uncharted territory,
+though some apps are finding success (e.g. [Beaker Browser][beaker]).
+Our goal is to get as close to Chrome as we can in terms of the security of
+sandboxed content, but ultimately we will always be behind due to a few fundamental
+issues:
+
+1. We do not have the dedicated resources or expertise that Chromium has to
+   apply to the security of its product. We do our best to make use of what we
+   have, to inherit everything we can from Chromium, and to respond quickly to
+   security issues, but Electron cannot be as secure as Chromium without the
+   resources that Chromium is able to dedicate.
+2. Some security features in Chrome (such as Safe Browsing and Certificate
+   Transparency) require a centralized authority and dedicated servers, both of
+   which run counter to the goals of the Electron project. As such, we disable
+   those features in Electron, at the cost of the associated security they
+   would otherwise bring.
+3. There is only one Chromium, whereas there are many thousands of apps built
+   on Electron, all of which behave slightly differently. Accounting for those
+   differences can yield a huge possibility space, and make it challenging to
+   ensure the security of the platform in unusual use cases.
+4. We can't push security updates to users directly, so we rely on app vendors
+   to upgrade the version of Electron underlying their app in order for
+   security updates to reach users.
+
+While we make our best effort to backport Chromium security fixes to older
+versions of Electron, we do not make a guarantee that every fix will be
+backported. Your best chance at staying secure is to be on the latest stable
+version of Electron.
+
+[sandbox]: https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/master/docs/design/sandbox.md
+[issue-28466]: https://github.com/electron/electron/issues/28466
+[browser-window]: ../api/browser-window.md
+[enable-sandbox]: ../api/app.md#appenablesandbox
+[no-sandbox]: ../api/command-line-switches.md#--no-sandbox
+[commonjs]: https://nodejs.org/api/modules.html#modules_modules_commonjs_modules
+[webpack]: https://webpack.js.org/
+[parcel]: https://parceljs.org/
+[context-isolation]: ./context-isolation.md
+[beaker]: https://github.com/beakerbrowser/beaker

docs/tutorial/security.md

@@ -692,5 +692,5 @@ which potential security issues are not as widely known.
 [window-open-handler]: ../api/web-contents.md#contentssetwindowopenhandlerhandler
 [will-navigate]: ../api/web-contents.md#event-will-navigate
 [open-external]: ../api/shell.md#shellopenexternalurl-options
-[sandbox]: ../api/sandbox-option.md
+[sandbox]: ../tutorial/sandbox.md
 [responsible-disclosure]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responsible_disclosure

docs/tutorial/support.md

@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ Following platforms are supported by Electron:
 ### macOS
 
 Only 64bit binaries are provided for macOS, and the minimum macOS version
-supported is macOS 10.10 (Yosemite).
+supported is macOS 10.11 (El Capitan).
 
 Native support for Apple Silicon (`arm64`) devices was added in Electron 11.0.0.
 

docs/tutorial/using-native-node-modules.md

@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ match a public release, instruct `npm` to use the version of Node you have bundl
 with your custom build.
 
 ```sh
-npm rebuild --nodedir=/path/to/electron/vendor/node
+npm rebuild --nodedir=/path/to/src/out/Default/gen/node_headers
 ```
 
 ## Troubleshooting

docs/tutorial/using-selenium-and-webdriver.md

@@ -86,12 +86,12 @@ const driver = new webdriver.Builder()
   // The "9515" is the port opened by chrome driver.
   .usingServer('http://localhost:9515')
   .withCapabilities({
-    chromeOptions: {
+    'goog:chromeOptions': {
       // Here is the path to your Electron binary.
       binary: '/Path-to-Your-App.app/Contents/MacOS/Electron'
     }
   })
-  .forBrowser('electron')
+  .forBrowser('chrome') // note: use .forBrowser('electron') for selenium-webdriver <= 3.6.0
   .build()
 
 driver.get('http://www.google.com')

electron_paks.gni

@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ template("electron_extra_paks") {
       "//components/resources",
       "//content:content_resources",
       "//content:dev_ui_content_resources",
-      "//content/browser/resources/media:media_internals_resources",
+      "//content/browser/resources/media:resources",
       "//content/browser/tracing:resources",
       "//content/browser/webrtc/resources",
       "//electron:resources",

electron_strings.grdp

@@ -51,6 +51,21 @@
   <message name="IDS_PICTURE_IN_PICTURE_SKIP_AD_CONTROL_TEXT" desc="Text label of the skip ad control button. The button appears when the user hovers over the Picture-in-Picture window.">
     Skip Ad
   </message>
+  <message name="IDS_PICTURE_IN_PICTURE_MUTE_MICROPHONE_TEXT" desc="Text label of the mute microphone control button. The button appears when the user hovers over the Picture-in-Picture window.">
+    Mute microphone
+  </message>
+  <message name="IDS_PICTURE_IN_PICTURE_UNMUTE_MICROPHONE_TEXT" desc="Text label of the unmute microphone control button. The button appears when the user hovers over the Picture-in-Picture window.">
+    Unmute microphone
+  </message>
+  <message name="IDS_PICTURE_IN_PICTURE_TURN_ON_CAMERA_TEXT" desc="Text label of the turn on camera control button. The button appears when the user hovers over the Picture-in-Picture window.">
+    Turn on camera
+  </message>
+  <message name="IDS_PICTURE_IN_PICTURE_TURN_OFF_CAMERA_TEXT" desc="Text label of the turn off camera control button. The button appears when the user hovers over the Picture-in-Picture window.">
+    Turn off camera
+  </message>
+  <message name="IDS_PICTURE_IN_PICTURE_HANG_UP_TEXT" desc="Text label of the hang up control button. The button appears when the user hovers over the Picture-in-Picture window.">
+    Hang up
+  </message>
   <message name="IDS_PICTURE_IN_PICTURE_CLOSE_CONTROL_TEXT" desc="Text label of the close control button. The button appears when the user hovers over the Picture-in-Picture window.">
     Close
   </message>

filenames.auto.gni

@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@ auto_filenames = {
     "docs/api/incoming-message.md",
     "docs/api/ipc-main.md",
     "docs/api/ipc-renderer.md",
-    "docs/api/locales.md",
     "docs/api/menu-item.md",
     "docs/api/menu.md",
     "docs/api/message-channel-main.md",
@@ -43,7 +42,6 @@ auto_filenames = {
     "docs/api/power-save-blocker.md",
     "docs/api/process.md",
     "docs/api/protocol.md",
-    "docs/api/sandbox-option.md",
     "docs/api/screen.md",
     "docs/api/service-workers.md",
     "docs/api/session.md",
@@ -104,7 +102,6 @@ auto_filenames = {
     "docs/api/structures/notification-response.md",
     "docs/api/structures/point.md",
     "docs/api/structures/post-body.md",
-    "docs/api/structures/post-data.md",
     "docs/api/structures/printer-info.md",
     "docs/api/structures/process-memory-info.md",
     "docs/api/structures/process-metric.md",
@@ -130,6 +127,7 @@ auto_filenames = {
     "docs/api/structures/upload-data.md",
     "docs/api/structures/upload-file.md",
     "docs/api/structures/upload-raw-data.md",
+    "docs/api/structures/user-default-types.md",
     "docs/api/structures/web-source.md",
   ]
 
@@ -169,9 +167,13 @@ auto_filenames = {
   ]
 
   isolated_bundle_deps = [
+    "lib/common/type-utils.ts",
+    "lib/common/web-view-methods.ts",
     "lib/isolated_renderer/init.ts",
+    "lib/renderer/web-view/web-view-attributes.ts",
     "lib/renderer/web-view/web-view-constants.ts",
     "lib/renderer/web-view/web-view-element.ts",
+    "lib/renderer/web-view/web-view-impl.ts",
     "package.json",
     "tsconfig.electron.json",
     "tsconfig.json",
@@ -232,7 +234,6 @@ auto_filenames = {
     "lib/browser/ipc-main-internal-utils.ts",
     "lib/browser/ipc-main-internal.ts",
     "lib/browser/message-port-main.ts",
-    "lib/browser/navigation-controller.ts",
     "lib/browser/rpc-server.ts",
     "lib/common/api/clipboard.ts",
     "lib/common/api/deprecate.ts",

filenames.gni

@@ -404,6 +404,8 @@ filenames = {
     "shell/browser/native_window_observer.h",
     "shell/browser/net/asar/asar_url_loader.cc",
     "shell/browser/net/asar/asar_url_loader.h",
+    "shell/browser/net/asar/asar_url_loader_factory.cc",
+    "shell/browser/net/asar/asar_url_loader_factory.h",
     "shell/browser/net/cert_verifier_client.cc",
     "shell/browser/net/cert_verifier_client.h",
     "shell/browser/net/electron_url_loader_factory.cc",

lib/browser/api/app.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import * as fs from 'fs';
 import * as path from 'path';
 
-import { deprecate, Menu } from 'electron/main';
+import { Menu } from 'electron/main';
 
 const bindings = process._linkedBinding('electron_browser_app');
 const commandLine = process._linkedBinding('electron_common_command_line');
@@ -63,6 +63,9 @@ Object.defineProperty(app, 'applicationMenu', {
   return execFile !== 'electron';
 })();
 
+// The native implementation is not provided on non-windows platforms
+app.setAppUserModelId = app.setAppUserModelId || (() => {});
+
 app._setDefaultAppPaths = (packagePath) => {
   // Set the user path according to application's name.
   app.setPath('userData', path.join(app.getPath('appData'), app.name!));
@@ -129,7 +132,3 @@ for (const name of events) {
     webContents.emit(name, event, ...args);
   });
 }
-
-// Deprecate allowRendererProcessReuse but only if they set it to false, no need to log if
-// they are setting it to true
-deprecate.removeProperty({ __proto__: app } as any, 'allowRendererProcessReuse', [false]);

lib/browser/api/base-window.ts

@@ -37,6 +37,11 @@ Object.defineProperty(BaseWindow.prototype, 'simpleFullScreen', {
   set: function (simple) { this.setSimpleFullScreen(simple); }
 });
 
+Object.defineProperty(BaseWindow.prototype, 'focusable', {
+  get: function () { return this.isFocusable(); },
+  set: function (focusable) { this.setFocusable(focusable); }
+});
+
 Object.defineProperty(BaseWindow.prototype, 'kiosk', {
   get: function () { return this.isKiosk(); },
   set: function (kiosk) { this.setKiosk(kiosk); }

lib/browser/api/crash-reporter.ts

@@ -10,13 +10,13 @@ class CrashReporter {
       extra = {},
       globalExtra = {},
       ignoreSystemCrashHandler = false,
-      submitURL,
+      submitURL = '',
       uploadToServer = true,
       rateLimit = false,
       compress = true
     } = options || {};
 
-    if (submitURL == null) throw new Error('submitURL is a required option to crashReporter.start');
+    if (uploadToServer && !submitURL) throw new Error('submitURL must be specified when uploadToServer is true');
 
     if (!compress && uploadToServer) {
       deprecate.log('Sending uncompressed crash reports is deprecated and will be removed in a future version of Electron. Set { compress: true } to opt-in to the new behavior. Crash reports will be uploaded gzipped, which most crash reporting servers support.');

lib/browser/api/dialog.ts

@@ -2,11 +2,6 @@ import { app, BrowserWindow } from 'electron/main';
 import type { OpenDialogOptions, OpenDialogReturnValue, MessageBoxOptions, SaveDialogOptions, SaveDialogReturnValue, MessageBoxReturnValue, CertificateTrustDialogOptions } from 'electron/main';
 const dialogBinding = process._linkedBinding('electron_browser_dialog');
 
-const DialogType = {
-  OPEN: 'OPEN' as 'OPEN',
-  SAVE: 'SAVE' as 'SAVE'
-};
-
 enum SaveFileDialogProperties {
   createDirectory = 1 << 0,
   showHiddenFiles = 1 << 1,
@@ -72,16 +67,6 @@ const setupSaveDialogProperties = (properties: (keyof typeof SaveFileDialogPrope
   return dialogProperties;
 };
 
-const setupDialogProperties = (type: keyof typeof DialogType, properties: string[]): number => {
-  if (type === DialogType.OPEN) {
-    return setupOpenDialogProperties(properties as (keyof typeof OpenFileDialogProperties)[]);
-  } else if (type === DialogType.SAVE) {
-    return setupSaveDialogProperties(properties as (keyof typeof SaveFileDialogProperties)[]);
-  } else {
-    return 0;
-  }
-};
-
 const saveDialog = (sync: boolean, window: BrowserWindow | null, options?: SaveDialogOptions) => {
   checkAppInitialized();
 
@@ -115,7 +100,7 @@ const saveDialog = (sync: boolean, window: BrowserWindow | null, options?: SaveD
     nameFieldLabel,
     showsTagField,
     window,
-    properties: setupDialogProperties(DialogType.SAVE, properties)
+    properties: setupSaveDialogProperties(properties)
   };
 
   return sync ? dialogBinding.showSaveDialogSync(settings) : dialogBinding.showSaveDialog(settings);
@@ -156,7 +141,7 @@ const openDialog = (sync: boolean, window: BrowserWindow | null, options?: OpenD
     message,
     securityScopedBookmarks,
     window,
-    properties: setupDialogProperties(DialogType.OPEN, properties)
+    properties: setupOpenDialogProperties(properties)
   };
 
   return (sync) ? dialogBinding.showOpenDialogSync(settings) : dialogBinding.showOpenDialog(settings);

lib/browser/api/menu.ts

@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ Menu.setApplicationMenu = function (menu: MenuType) {
     bindings.setApplicationMenu(menu);
   } else {
     const windows = BaseWindow.getAllWindows();
-    return windows.map(w => w.setMenu(menu));
+    windows.map(w => w.setMenu(menu));
   }
 };
 

lib/browser/api/net.ts

@@ -188,6 +188,11 @@ class ChunkedBodyStream extends Writable {
     this._downstream = pipe;
     if (this._pendingChunk) {
       const doneWriting = (maybeError: Error | void) => {
+        // If the underlying request has been aborted, we honeslty don't care about the error
+        // all work should cease as soon as we abort anyway, this error is probably a
+        // "mojo pipe disconnected" error (code=9)
+        if (this._clientRequest._aborted) return;
+
         const cb = this._pendingCallback!;
         delete this._pendingCallback;
         delete this._pendingChunk;

lib/browser/api/web-contents.ts

@@ -1,10 +1,9 @@
-import { app, ipcMain, session, deprecate, webFrameMain } from 'electron/main';
+import { app, ipcMain, session, webFrameMain } from 'electron/main';
 import type { BrowserWindowConstructorOptions, LoadURLOptions } from 'electron/main';
 
 import * as url from 'url';
 import * as path from 'path';
-import { openGuestWindow, makeWebPreferences } from '@electron/internal/browser/guest-window-manager';
-import { NavigationController } from '@electron/internal/browser/navigation-controller';
+import { openGuestWindow, makeWebPreferences, parseContentTypeFormat } from '@electron/internal/browser/guest-window-manager';
 import { ipcMainInternal } from '@electron/internal/browser/ipc-main-internal';
 import * as ipcMainUtils from '@electron/internal/browser/ipc-main-internal-utils';
 import { MessagePortMain } from '@electron/internal/browser/message-port-main';
@@ -61,7 +60,7 @@ const PDFPageSizes: Record<string, ElectronInternal.MediaSize> = {
     width_microns: 279400,
     custom_display_name: 'Tabloid'
   }
-};
+} as const;
 
 // The minimum micron size Chromium accepts is that where:
 // Per printing/units.h:
@@ -94,6 +93,7 @@ const defaultPrintingSetting = {
   pagesPerSheet: 1,
   isFirstRequest: false,
   previewUIID: 0,
+  // True, if the document source is modifiable. e.g. HTML and not PDF.
   previewModifiable: true,
   printToPDF: true,
   deviceName: 'Save as PDF',
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ const defaultPrintingSetting = {
   printerType: 2,
   title: undefined as string | undefined,
   url: undefined as string | undefined
-};
+} as const;
 
 // JavaScript implementations of WebContents.
 const binding = process._linkedBinding('electron_browser_web_contents');
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ WebContents.prototype.executeJavaScriptInIsolatedWorld = async function (worldId
 
 let pendingPromise: Promise<any> | undefined;
 WebContents.prototype.printToPDF = async function (options) {
-  const printSettings = {
+  const printSettings: Record<string, any> = {
     ...defaultPrintingSetting,
     requestID: getNextId()
   };
@@ -406,15 +406,89 @@ WebContents.prototype.loadFile = function (filePath, options = {}) {
   }));
 };
 
+WebContents.prototype.loadURL = function (url, options) {
+  if (!options) {
+    options = {};
+  }
+
+  const p = new Promise<void>((resolve, reject) => {
+    const resolveAndCleanup = () => {
+      removeListeners();
+      resolve();
+    };
+    const rejectAndCleanup = (errorCode: number, errorDescription: string, url: string) => {
+      const err = new Error(`${errorDescription} (${errorCode}) loading '${typeof url === 'string' ? url.substr(0, 2048) : url}'`);
+      Object.assign(err, { errno: errorCode, code: errorDescription, url });
+      removeListeners();
+      reject(err);
+    };
+    const finishListener = () => {
+      resolveAndCleanup();
+    };
+    const failListener = (event: Electron.Event, errorCode: number, errorDescription: string, validatedURL: string, isMainFrame: boolean) => {
+      if (isMainFrame) {
+        rejectAndCleanup(errorCode, errorDescription, validatedURL);
+      }
+    };
+
+    let navigationStarted = false;
+    const navigationListener = (event: Electron.Event, url: string, isSameDocument: boolean, isMainFrame: boolean) => {
+      if (isMainFrame) {
+        if (navigationStarted && !isSameDocument) {
+          // the webcontents has started another unrelated navigation in the
+          // main frame (probably from the app calling `loadURL` again); reject
+          // the promise
+          // We should only consider the request aborted if the "navigation" is
+          // actually navigating and not simply transitioning URL state in the
+          // current context.  E.g. pushState and `location.hash` changes are
+          // considered navigation events but are triggered with isSameDocument.
+          // We can ignore these to allow virtual routing on page load as long
+          // as the routing does not leave the document
+          return rejectAndCleanup(-3, 'ERR_ABORTED', url);
+        }
+        navigationStarted = true;
+      }
+    };
+    const stopLoadingListener = () => {
+      // By the time we get here, either 'finish' or 'fail' should have fired
+      // if the navigation occurred. However, in some situations (e.g. when
+      // attempting to load a page with a bad scheme), loading will stop
+      // without emitting finish or fail. In this case, we reject the promise
+      // with a generic failure.
+      // TODO(jeremy): enumerate all the cases in which this can happen. If
+      // the only one is with a bad scheme, perhaps ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT
+      // would be more appropriate.
+      rejectAndCleanup(-2, 'ERR_FAILED', url);
+    };
+    const removeListeners = () => {
+      this.removeListener('did-finish-load', finishListener);
+      this.removeListener('did-fail-load', failListener);
+      this.removeListener('did-start-navigation', navigationListener);
+      this.removeListener('did-stop-loading', stopLoadingListener);
+      this.removeListener('destroyed', stopLoadingListener);
+    };
+    this.on('did-finish-load', finishListener);
+    this.on('did-fail-load', failListener);
+    this.on('did-start-navigation', navigationListener);
+    this.on('did-stop-loading', stopLoadingListener);
+    this.on('destroyed', stopLoadingListener);
+  });
+  // Add a no-op rejection handler to silence the unhandled rejection error.
+  p.catch(() => {});
+  this._loadURL(url, options);
+  this.emit('load-url', url, options);
+  return p;
+};
+
 WebContents.prototype.setWindowOpenHandler = function (handler: (details: Electron.HandlerDetails) => ({action: 'allow'} | {action: 'deny', overrideBrowserWindowOptions?: BrowserWindowConstructorOptions})) {
   this._windowOpenHandler = handler;
 };
 
-WebContents.prototype._callWindowOpenHandler = function (event: Electron.Event, url: string, frameName: string, rawFeatures: string): BrowserWindowConstructorOptions | null {
+WebContents.prototype._callWindowOpenHandler = function (event: Electron.Event, details: Electron.HandlerDetails): BrowserWindowConstructorOptions | null {
   if (!this._windowOpenHandler) {
     return null;
   }
-  const response = this._windowOpenHandler({ url, frameName, features: rawFeatures });
+  const response = this._windowOpenHandler(details);
 
   if (typeof response !== 'object') {
     event.preventDefault();
@@ -432,7 +506,11 @@ WebContents.prototype._callWindowOpenHandler = function (event: Electron.Event,
     event.preventDefault();
     return null;
   } else if (response.action === 'allow') {
-    if (typeof response.overrideBrowserWindowOptions === 'object' && response.overrideBrowserWindowOptions !== null) { return response.overrideBrowserWindowOptions; } else { return {}; }
+    if (typeof response.overrideBrowserWindowOptions === 'object' && response.overrideBrowserWindowOptions !== null) {
+      return response.overrideBrowserWindowOptions;
+    } else {
+      return {};
+    }
   } else {
     event.preventDefault();
     console.error('The window open handler response must be an object with an \'action\' property of \'allow\' or \'deny\'.');
@@ -470,24 +548,6 @@ const loggingEnabled = () => {
 
 // Add JavaScript wrappers for WebContents class.
 WebContents.prototype._init = function () {
-  // The navigation controller.
-  const navigationController = new NavigationController(this);
-  this.loadURL = navigationController.loadURL.bind(navigationController);
-  this.getURL = navigationController.getURL.bind(navigationController);
-  this.stop = navigationController.stop.bind(navigationController);
-  this.reload = navigationController.reload.bind(navigationController);
-  this.reloadIgnoringCache = navigationController.reloadIgnoringCache.bind(navigationController);
-  this.canGoBack = navigationController.canGoBack.bind(navigationController);
-  this.canGoForward = navigationController.canGoForward.bind(navigationController);
-  this.canGoToIndex = navigationController.canGoToIndex.bind(navigationController);
-  this.canGoToOffset = navigationController.canGoToOffset.bind(navigationController);
-  this.clearHistory = navigationController.clearHistory.bind(navigationController);
-  this.goBack = navigationController.goBack.bind(navigationController);
-  this.goForward = navigationController.goForward.bind(navigationController);
-  this.goToIndex = navigationController.goToIndex.bind(navigationController);
-  this.goToOffset = navigationController.goToOffset.bind(navigationController);
-  this.getActiveIndex = navigationController.getActiveIndex.bind(navigationController);
-  this.length = navigationController.length.bind(navigationController);
   // Read off the ID at construction time, so that it's accessible even after
   // the underlying C++ WebContents is destroyed.
   const id = this.id;
@@ -562,26 +622,49 @@ WebContents.prototype._init = function () {
 
   if (this.getType() !== 'remote') {
     // Make new windows requested by links behave like "window.open".
-    this.on('-new-window' as any, (event: ElectronInternal.Event, url: string, frameName: string, disposition: string,
+    this.on('-new-window' as any, (event: ElectronInternal.Event, url: string, frameName: string, disposition: Electron.HandlerDetails['disposition'],
       rawFeatures: string, referrer: Electron.Referrer, postData: PostData) => {
-      openGuestWindow({
-        event,
-        embedder: event.sender,
-        disposition,
+      const postBody = postData ? {
+        data: postData,
+        ...parseContentTypeFormat(postData)
+      } : undefined;
+      const details: Electron.HandlerDetails = {
+        url,
+        frameName,
+        features: rawFeatures,
         referrer,
-        postData,
-        overrideBrowserWindowOptions: {},
-        windowOpenArgs: {
-          url,
-          frameName,
-          features: rawFeatures
-        }
-      });
+        postBody,
+        disposition
+      };
+      const options = this._callWindowOpenHandler(event, details);
+      if (!event.defaultPrevented) {
+        openGuestWindow({
+          event,
+          embedder: event.sender,
+          disposition,
+          referrer,
+          postData,
+          overrideBrowserWindowOptions: options || {},
+          windowOpenArgs: details
+        });
+      }
     });
 
     let windowOpenOverriddenOptions: BrowserWindowConstructorOptions | null = null;
-    this.on('-will-add-new-contents' as any, (event: ElectronInternal.Event, url: string, frameName: string, rawFeatures: string) => {
-      windowOpenOverriddenOptions = this._callWindowOpenHandler(event, url, frameName, rawFeatures);
+    this.on('-will-add-new-contents' as any, (event: ElectronInternal.Event, url: string, frameName: string, rawFeatures: string, disposition: Electron.HandlerDetails['disposition'], referrer: Electron.Referrer, postData: PostData) => {
+      const postBody = postData ? {
+        data: postData,
+        ...parseContentTypeFormat(postData)
+      } : undefined;
+      const details: Electron.HandlerDetails = {
+        url,
+        frameName,
+        features: rawFeatures,
+        disposition,
+        referrer,
+        postBody
+      };
+      windowOpenOverriddenOptions = this._callWindowOpenHandler(event, details);
       if (!event.defaultPrevented) {
         const secureOverrideWebPreferences = windowOpenOverriddenOptions ? {
           // Allow setting of backgroundColor as a webPreference even though
@@ -626,11 +709,6 @@ WebContents.prototype._init = function () {
         }
       });
     });
-
-    const prefs = this.getWebPreferences() || {};
-    if (prefs.webviewTag && prefs.contextIsolation) {
-      deprecate.log('Security Warning: A WebContents was just created with both webviewTag and contextIsolation enabled.  This combination is fundamentally less secure and effectively bypasses the protections of contextIsolation.  We strongly recommend you move away from webviews to OOPIF or BrowserView in order for your app to be more secure');
-    }
   }
 
   this.on('login', (event, ...args) => {

lib/browser/default-menu.ts

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ export const setDefaultApplicationMenu = () => {
       {
         label: 'Community Discussions',
         click: async () => {
-          await shell.openExternal('https://discuss.atom.io/c/electron');
+          await shell.openExternal('https://discord.gg/electron');
         }
       },
       {

lib/browser/desktop-capturer.ts

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ function isValid (options: Electron.SourcesOptions) {
   return Array.isArray(types);
 }
 
-export const getSourcesImpl = (event: Electron.IpcMainEvent | null, args: Electron.SourcesOptions) => {
+export const getSourcesImpl = (sender: Electron.WebContents | null, args: Electron.SourcesOptions) => {
   if (!isValid(args)) throw new Error('Invalid options');
 
   const captureWindow = args.types.includes('window');
@@ -48,8 +48,8 @@ export const getSourcesImpl = (event: Electron.IpcMainEvent | null, args: Electr
       }
       // Remove from currentlyRunning once we resolve or reject
       currentlyRunning = currentlyRunning.filter(running => running.options !== options);
-      if (event) {
-        event.sender.removeListener('destroyed', stopRunning);
+      if (sender) {
+        sender.removeListener('destroyed', stopRunning);
       }
     };
 
@@ -68,8 +68,8 @@ export const getSourcesImpl = (event: Electron.IpcMainEvent | null, args: Electr
     // If the WebContents is destroyed before receiving result, just remove the
     // reference to emit and the capturer itself so that it never dispatches
     // back to the renderer
-    if (event) {
-      event.sender.once('destroyed', stopRunning);
+    if (sender) {
+      sender.once('destroyed', stopRunning);
     }
   });
 

lib/browser/guest-view-manager.ts

@@ -34,12 +34,12 @@ const createGuest = function (embedder: Electron.WebContents, params: Record<str
   const guest = (webContents as typeof ElectronInternal.WebContents).create({
     type: 'webview',
     partition: params.partition,
-    embedder: embedder
+    embedder
   });
   const guestInstanceId = guest.id;
   guestInstances.set(guestInstanceId, {
-    guest: guest,
-    embedder: embedder
+    guest,
+    embedder
   });
 
   // Clear the guest from map when it is destroyed.
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ const attachGuest = function (event: Electron.IpcMainInvokeEvent,
       : null;
 
   const webPreferences: Electron.WebPreferences = {
-    guestInstanceId: guestInstanceId,
+    guestInstanceId,
     nodeIntegration: params.nodeintegration != null ? params.nodeintegration : false,
     nodeIntegrationInSubFrames: params.nodeintegrationinsubframes != null ? params.nodeintegrationinsubframes : false,
     plugins: params.plugins,
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ const attachGuest = function (event: Electron.IpcMainInvokeEvent,
 
   watchEmbedder(embedder);
 
-  webViewManager.addGuest(guestInstanceId, elementInstanceId, embedder, guest, webPreferences);
+  webViewManager.addGuest(guestInstanceId, embedder, guest, webPreferences);
   guest.attachToIframe(embedder, embedderFrameId);
 };
 
@@ -319,13 +319,8 @@ handleMessageSync(IPC_MESSAGES.GUEST_VIEW_MANAGER_DETACH_GUEST, function (event,
 });
 
 // this message is sent by the actual <webview>
-ipcMainInternal.on(IPC_MESSAGES.GUEST_VIEW_MANAGER_FOCUS_CHANGE, function (event: ElectronInternal.IpcMainInternalEvent, focus: boolean, guestInstanceId: number) {
-  const guest = getGuest(guestInstanceId);
-  if (guest === event.sender) {
-    event.sender.emit('focus-change', {}, focus, guestInstanceId);
-  } else {
-    console.error(`focus-change for guestInstanceId: ${guestInstanceId}`);
-  }
+ipcMainInternal.on(IPC_MESSAGES.GUEST_VIEW_MANAGER_FOCUS_CHANGE, function (event: ElectronInternal.IpcMainInternalEvent, focus: boolean) {
+  event.sender.emit('-focus-change', {}, focus);
 });
 
 handleMessage(IPC_MESSAGES.GUEST_VIEW_MANAGER_CALL, function (event, guestInstanceId: number, method: string, args: any[]) {
@@ -372,18 +367,12 @@ handleMessage(IPC_MESSAGES.GUEST_VIEW_MANAGER_CAPTURE_PAGE, async function (even
 
 // Returns WebContents from its guest id hosted in given webContents.
 const getGuestForWebContents = function (guestInstanceId: number, contents: Electron.WebContents) {
-  const guest = getGuest(guestInstanceId);
-  if (!guest) {
+  const guestInstance = guestInstances.get(guestInstanceId);
+  if (!guestInstance) {
     throw new Error(`Invalid guestInstanceId: ${guestInstanceId}`);
   }
-  if (guest.hostWebContents !== contents) {
+  if (guestInstance.guest.hostWebContents !== contents) {
     throw new Error(`Access denied to guestInstanceId: ${guestInstanceId}`);
   }
-  return guest;
-};
-
-// Returns WebContents from its guest id.
-const getGuest = function (guestInstanceId: number) {
-  const guestInstance = guestInstances.get(guestInstanceId);
-  if (guestInstance != null) return guestInstance.guest;
+  return guestInstance.guest;
 };

lib/browser/guest-window-manager.ts

@@ -42,8 +42,7 @@ export function openGuestWindow ({ event, embedder, guest, referrer, disposition
   windowOpenArgs: WindowOpenArgs,
 }): BrowserWindow | undefined {
   const { url, frameName, features } = windowOpenArgs;
-  const isNativeWindowOpen = !!guest;
-  const { options: browserWindowOptions, additionalFeatures } = makeBrowserWindowOptions({
+  const { options: browserWindowOptions } = makeBrowserWindowOptions({
     embedder,
     features,
     overrideOptions: overrideBrowserWindowOptions
@@ -55,8 +54,8 @@ export function openGuestWindow ({ event, embedder, guest, referrer, disposition
     guest,
     browserWindowOptions,
     windowOpenArgs,
-    additionalFeatures,
     disposition,
+    postData,
     referrer
   });
   if (didCancelEvent) return;
@@ -74,11 +73,14 @@ export function openGuestWindow ({ event, embedder, guest, referrer, disposition
     webContents: guest,
     ...browserWindowOptions
   });
-  if (!isNativeWindowOpen) {
+  if (!guest) {
     // We should only call `loadURL` if the webContents was constructed by us in
     // the case of BrowserWindowProxy (non-sandboxed, nativeWindowOpen: false),
     // as navigating to the url when creating the window from an existing
     // webContents is not necessary (it will navigate there anyway).
+    // This can also happen if we enter this function from OpenURLFromTab, in
+    // which case the browser process is responsible for initiating navigation
+    // in the new window.
     window.loadURL(url, {
       httpReferrer: referrer,
       ...(postData && {
@@ -90,7 +92,7 @@ export function openGuestWindow ({ event, embedder, guest, referrer, disposition
 
   handleWindowLifecycleEvents({ embedder, frameName, guest: window });
 
-  embedder.emit('did-create-window', window, { url, frameName, options: browserWindowOptions, disposition, additionalFeatures, referrer, postData });
+  embedder.emit('did-create-window', window, { url, frameName, options: browserWindowOptions, disposition, referrer, postData });
 
   return window;
 }
@@ -131,13 +133,12 @@ const handleWindowLifecycleEvents = function ({ embedder, guest, frameName }: {
  * Deprecated in favor of `webContents.setWindowOpenHandler` and
  * `did-create-window` in 11.0.0. Will be removed in 12.0.0.
  */
-function emitDeprecatedNewWindowEvent ({ event, embedder, guest, windowOpenArgs, browserWindowOptions, additionalFeatures, disposition, referrer, postData }: {
+function emitDeprecatedNewWindowEvent ({ event, embedder, guest, windowOpenArgs, browserWindowOptions, disposition, referrer, postData }: {
   event: { sender: WebContents, defaultPrevented: boolean, newGuest?: BrowserWindow },
   embedder: WebContents,
   guest?: WebContents,
   windowOpenArgs: WindowOpenArgs,
   browserWindowOptions: BrowserWindowConstructorOptions,
-  additionalFeatures: string[]
   disposition: string,
   referrer: Referrer,
   postData?: PostData,
@@ -146,7 +147,7 @@ function emitDeprecatedNewWindowEvent ({ event, embedder, guest, windowOpenArgs,
   const isWebViewWithPopupsDisabled = embedder.getType() === 'webview' && embedder.getLastWebPreferences().disablePopups;
   const postBody = postData ? {
     data: postData,
-    headers: formatPostDataHeaders(postData as Electron.UploadRawData[])
+    ...parseContentTypeFormat(postData)
   } : null;
 
   embedder.emit(
@@ -159,7 +160,7 @@ function emitDeprecatedNewWindowEvent ({ event, embedder, guest, windowOpenArgs,
       ...browserWindowOptions,
       webContents: guest
     },
-    additionalFeatures,
+    [], // additionalFeatures
     referrer,
     postBody
   );
@@ -197,42 +198,37 @@ const securityWebPreferences: { [key: string]: boolean } = {
   enableWebSQL: false
 };
 
-function makeBrowserWindowOptions ({ embedder, features, overrideOptions, useDeprecatedBehaviorForBareValues = true, useDeprecatedBehaviorForOptionInheritance = true }: {
+function makeBrowserWindowOptions ({ embedder, features, overrideOptions }: {
   embedder: WebContents,
   features: string,
   overrideOptions?: BrowserWindowConstructorOptions,
-  useDeprecatedBehaviorForBareValues?: boolean
-  useDeprecatedBehaviorForOptionInheritance?: boolean
 }) {
-  const { options: parsedOptions, webPreferences: parsedWebPreferences, additionalFeatures } = parseFeatures(features, useDeprecatedBehaviorForBareValues);
-
-  const deprecatedInheritedOptions = getDeprecatedInheritedOptions(embedder);
+  const { options: parsedOptions, webPreferences: parsedWebPreferences } = parseFeatures(features);
 
   return {
-    additionalFeatures,
     options: {
-      ...(useDeprecatedBehaviorForOptionInheritance && deprecatedInheritedOptions),
       show: true,
       width: 800,
       height: 600,
       ...parsedOptions,
       ...overrideOptions,
-      webPreferences: makeWebPreferences({ embedder, insecureParsedWebPreferences: parsedWebPreferences, secureOverrideWebPreferences: overrideOptions && overrideOptions.webPreferences, useDeprecatedBehaviorForOptionInheritance: true })
+      webPreferences: makeWebPreferences({
+        embedder,
+        insecureParsedWebPreferences: parsedWebPreferences,
+        secureOverrideWebPreferences: overrideOptions && overrideOptions.webPreferences
+      })
     } as Electron.BrowserViewConstructorOptions
   };
 }
 
-export function makeWebPreferences ({ embedder, secureOverrideWebPreferences = {}, insecureParsedWebPreferences: parsedWebPreferences = {}, useDeprecatedBehaviorForOptionInheritance = true }: {
+export function makeWebPreferences ({ embedder, secureOverrideWebPreferences = {}, insecureParsedWebPreferences: parsedWebPreferences = {} }: {
   embedder: WebContents,
   insecureParsedWebPreferences?: ReturnType<typeof parseFeatures>['webPreferences'],
   // Note that override preferences are considered elevated, and should only be
   // sourced from the main process, as they override security defaults. If you
   // have unvetted prefs, use parsedWebPreferences.
   secureOverrideWebPreferences?: BrowserWindowConstructorOptions['webPreferences'],
-  useDeprecatedBehaviorForBareValues?: boolean
-  useDeprecatedBehaviorForOptionInheritance?: boolean
 }) {
-  const deprecatedInheritedOptions = getDeprecatedInheritedOptions(embedder);
   const parentWebPreferences = embedder.getLastWebPreferences();
   const securityWebPreferencesFromParent = (Object.keys(securityWebPreferences).reduce((map, key) => {
     if (securityWebPreferences[key] === parentWebPreferences[key as keyof Electron.WebPreferences]) {
@@ -243,7 +239,6 @@ export function makeWebPreferences ({ embedder, secureOverrideWebPreferences = {
   const openerId = parentWebPreferences.nativeWindowOpen ? null : embedder.id;
 
   return {
-    ...(useDeprecatedBehaviorForOptionInheritance && deprecatedInheritedOptions ? deprecatedInheritedOptions.webPreferences : null),
     ...parsedWebPreferences,
     // Note that order is key here, we want to disallow the renderer's
     // ability to change important security options but allow main (via
@@ -256,41 +251,40 @@ export function makeWebPreferences ({ embedder, secureOverrideWebPreferences = {
   };
 }
 
-/**
- * Current Electron behavior is to inherit all options from the parent window.
- * In practical use, this is kind of annoying because consumers have to know
- * about the parent window's preferences in order to unset them and makes child
- * windows even more of an anomaly. In 11.0.0 we will remove this behavior and
- * only critical security preferences will be inherited by default.
- */
-function getDeprecatedInheritedOptions (embedder: WebContents) {
-  if (!embedder.browserWindowOptions) {
-    // If it's a webview, return just the webPreferences.
-    return {
-      webPreferences: embedder.getLastWebPreferences()
-    };
-  }
-
-  const { type, show, ...inheritableOptions } = embedder.browserWindowOptions;
-  return inheritableOptions;
-}
-
-function formatPostDataHeaders (postData: Electron.UploadRawData[]) {
+function formatPostDataHeaders (postData: PostData) {
   if (!postData) return;
 
-  let extraHeaders = 'content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded';
+  const { contentType, boundary } = parseContentTypeFormat(postData);
+  if (boundary != null) { return `content-type: ${contentType}; boundary=${boundary}`; }
 
-  if (postData.length > 0) {
-    const postDataFront = postData[0].bytes.toString();
-    const boundary = /^--.*[^-\r\n]/.exec(
-      postDataFront
-    );
-    if (boundary != null) {
-      extraHeaders = `content-type: multipart/form-data; boundary=${boundary[0].substr(
-        2
-      )}`;
+  return `content-type: ${contentType}`;
+}
+
+const MULTIPART_CONTENT_TYPE = 'multipart/form-data';
+const URL_ENCODED_CONTENT_TYPE = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded';
+
+// Figure out appropriate headers for post data.
+export const parseContentTypeFormat = function (postData: Exclude<PostData, undefined>) {
+  if (postData.length) {
+    if (postData[0].type === 'rawData') {
+      // For multipart forms, the first element will start with the boundary
+      // notice, which looks something like `------WebKitFormBoundary12345678`
+      // Note, this regex would fail when submitting a urlencoded form with an
+      // input attribute of name="--theKey", but, uhh, don't do that?
+      const postDataFront = postData[0].bytes.toString();
+      const boundary = /^--.*[^-\r\n]/.exec(postDataFront);
+      if (boundary) {
+        return {
+          boundary: boundary[0].substr(2),
+          contentType: MULTIPART_CONTENT_TYPE
+        };
+      }
     }
   }
-
-  return extraHeaders;
-}
+  // Either the form submission didn't contain any inputs (the postData array
+  // was empty), or we couldn't find the boundary and thus we can assume this is
+  // a key=value style form.
+  return {
+    contentType: URL_ENCODED_CONTENT_TYPE
+  };
+};

lib/browser/guest-window-proxy.ts

@@ -73,14 +73,15 @@ ipcMainInternal.on(
       );
     }
 
-    const browserWindowOptions = event.sender._callWindowOpenHandler(event, url, frameName, features);
+    const referrer: Electron.Referrer = { url: '', policy: 'strict-origin-when-cross-origin' };
+    const browserWindowOptions = event.sender._callWindowOpenHandler(event, { url, frameName, features, disposition: 'new-window', referrer });
     if (event.defaultPrevented) {
       return;
     }
     const guest = openGuestWindow({
       event,
       embedder: event.sender,
-      referrer: { url: '', policy: 'default' },
+      referrer,
       disposition: 'new-window',
       overrideBrowserWindowOptions: browserWindowOptions!,
       windowOpenArgs: {
@@ -134,7 +135,7 @@ handleMessage(
 
     if (!windowMethods.has(method)) {
       console.error(
-        `Blocked ${event.sender.getURL()} from calling method: ${method}`
+        `Blocked ${event.senderFrame.url} from calling method: ${method}`
       );
       throw new Error(`Invalid method: ${method}`);
     }

lib/browser/init.ts

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ import { EventEmitter } from 'events';
 import * as fs from 'fs';
 import * as path from 'path';
 
+import type * as defaultMenuModule from '@electron/internal/browser/default-menu';
+
 const Module = require('module');
 
 // We modified the original process.argv to let node.js load the init.js,
@@ -172,7 +174,7 @@ app.on('window-all-closed', () => {
   }
 });
 
-const { setDefaultApplicationMenu } = require('@electron/internal/browser/default-menu');
+const { setDefaultApplicationMenu } = require('@electron/internal/browser/default-menu') as typeof defaultMenuModule;
 
 // Create default menu.
 //

lib/browser/navigation-controller.ts

@@ -1,228 +0,0 @@
-import type { WebContents, LoadURLOptions } from 'electron/main';
-import { EventEmitter } from 'events';
-
-// JavaScript implementation of Chromium's NavigationController.
-// Instead of relying on Chromium for history control, we completely do history
-// control on user land, and only rely on WebContents.loadURL for navigation.
-// This helps us avoid Chromium's various optimizations so we can ensure renderer
-// process is restarted every time.
-export class NavigationController extends EventEmitter {
-  currentIndex: number = -1;
-  inPageIndex: number = -1;
-  pendingIndex: number = -1;
-  history: string[] = [];
-
-  constructor (private webContents: WebContents) {
-    super();
-    this.clearHistory();
-
-    // webContents may have already navigated to a page.
-    if (this.webContents._getURL()) {
-      this.currentIndex++;
-      this.history.push(this.webContents._getURL());
-    }
-    this.webContents.on('navigation-entry-committed' as any, (event: Electron.Event, url: string, inPage: boolean, replaceEntry: boolean) => {
-      if (this.inPageIndex > -1 && !inPage) {
-        // Navigated to a new page, clear in-page mark.
-        this.inPageIndex = -1;
-      } else if (this.inPageIndex === -1 && inPage && !replaceEntry) {
-        // Started in-page navigations.
-        this.inPageIndex = this.currentIndex;
-      }
-      if (this.pendingIndex >= 0) {
-        // Go to index.
-        this.currentIndex = this.pendingIndex;
-        this.pendingIndex = -1;
-        this.history[this.currentIndex] = url;
-      } else if (replaceEntry) {
-        // Non-user initialized navigation.
-        this.history[this.currentIndex] = url;
-      } else {
-        // Normal navigation. Clear history.
-        this.history = this.history.slice(0, this.currentIndex + 1);
-        this.currentIndex++;
-        this.history.push(url);
-      }
-    });
-  }
-
-  loadURL (url: string, options?: LoadURLOptions): Promise<void> {
-    if (options == null) {
-      options = {};
-    }
-    const p = new Promise<void>((resolve, reject) => {
-      const resolveAndCleanup = () => {
-        removeListeners();
-        resolve();
-      };
-      const rejectAndCleanup = (errorCode: number, errorDescription: string, url: string) => {
-        const err = new Error(`${errorDescription} (${errorCode}) loading '${typeof url === 'string' ? url.substr(0, 2048) : url}'`);
-        Object.assign(err, { errno: errorCode, code: errorDescription, url });
-        removeListeners();
-        reject(err);
-      };
-      const finishListener = () => {
-        resolveAndCleanup();
-      };
-      const failListener = (event: Electron.Event, errorCode: number, errorDescription: string, validatedURL: string, isMainFrame: boolean) => {
-        if (isMainFrame) {
-          rejectAndCleanup(errorCode, errorDescription, validatedURL);
-        }
-      };
-
-      let navigationStarted = false;
-      const navigationListener = (event: Electron.Event, url: string, isSameDocument: boolean, isMainFrame: boolean) => {
-        if (isMainFrame) {
-          if (navigationStarted && !isSameDocument) {
-            // the webcontents has started another unrelated navigation in the
-            // main frame (probably from the app calling `loadURL` again); reject
-            // the promise
-            // We should only consider the request aborted if the "navigation" is
-            // actually navigating and not simply transitioning URL state in the
-            // current context.  E.g. pushState and `location.hash` changes are
-            // considered navigation events but are triggered with isSameDocument.
-            // We can ignore these to allow virtual routing on page load as long
-            // as the routing does not leave the document
-            return rejectAndCleanup(-3, 'ERR_ABORTED', url);
-          }
-          navigationStarted = true;
-        }
-      };
-      const stopLoadingListener = () => {
-        // By the time we get here, either 'finish' or 'fail' should have fired
-        // if the navigation occurred. However, in some situations (e.g. when
-        // attempting to load a page with a bad scheme), loading will stop
-        // without emitting finish or fail. In this case, we reject the promise
-        // with a generic failure.
-        // TODO(jeremy): enumerate all the cases in which this can happen. If
-        // the only one is with a bad scheme, perhaps ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT
-        // would be more appropriate.
-        rejectAndCleanup(-2, 'ERR_FAILED', url);
-      };
-      const removeListeners = () => {
-        this.webContents.removeListener('did-finish-load', finishListener);
-        this.webContents.removeListener('did-fail-load', failListener);
-        this.webContents.removeListener('did-start-navigation', navigationListener);
-        this.webContents.removeListener('did-stop-loading', stopLoadingListener);
-        this.webContents.removeListener('destroyed', stopLoadingListener);
-      };
-      this.webContents.on('did-finish-load', finishListener);
-      this.webContents.on('did-fail-load', failListener);
-      this.webContents.on('did-start-navigation', navigationListener);
-      this.webContents.on('did-stop-loading', stopLoadingListener);
-      this.webContents.on('destroyed', stopLoadingListener);
-    });
-    // Add a no-op rejection handler to silence the unhandled rejection error.
-    p.catch(() => {});
-    this.pendingIndex = -1;
-    this.webContents._loadURL(url, options);
-    this.webContents.emit('load-url', url, options);
-    return p;
-  }
-
-  getURL () {
-    if (this.currentIndex === -1) {
-      return '';
-    } else {
-      return this.history[this.currentIndex];
-    }
-  }
-
-  stop () {
-    this.pendingIndex = -1;
-    return this.webContents._stop();
-  }
-
-  reload () {
-    this.pendingIndex = this.currentIndex;
-    return this.webContents._loadURL(this.getURL(), {});
-  }
-
-  reloadIgnoringCache () {
-    this.pendingIndex = this.currentIndex;
-    return this.webContents._loadURL(this.getURL(), {
-      extraHeaders: 'pragma: no-cache\n',
-      reloadIgnoringCache: true
-    });
-  }
-
-  canGoBack () {
-    return this.getActiveIndex() > 0;
-  }
-
-  canGoForward () {
-    return this.getActiveIndex() < this.history.length - 1;
-  }
-
-  canGoToIndex (index: number) {
-    return index >= 0 && index < this.history.length;
-  }
-
-  canGoToOffset (offset: number) {
-    return this.canGoToIndex(this.currentIndex + offset);
-  }
-
-  clearHistory () {
-    this.history = [];
-    this.currentIndex = -1;
-    this.pendingIndex = -1;
-    this.inPageIndex = -1;
-  }
-
-  goBack () {
-    if (!this.canGoBack()) {
-      return;
-    }
-    this.pendingIndex = this.getActiveIndex() - 1;
-    if (this.inPageIndex > -1 && this.pendingIndex >= this.inPageIndex) {
-      return this.webContents._goBack();
-    } else {
-      return this.webContents._loadURL(this.history[this.pendingIndex], {});
-    }
-  }
-
-  goForward () {
-    if (!this.canGoForward()) {
-      return;
-    }
-    this.pendingIndex = this.getActiveIndex() + 1;
-    if (this.inPageIndex > -1 && this.pendingIndex >= this.inPageIndex) {
-      return this.webContents._goForward();
-    } else {
-      return this.webContents._loadURL(this.history[this.pendingIndex], {});
-    }
-  }
-
-  goToIndex (index: number) {
-    if (!this.canGoToIndex(index)) {
-      return;
-    }
-    this.pendingIndex = index;
-    return this.webContents._loadURL(this.history[this.pendingIndex], {});
-  }
-
-  goToOffset (offset: number) {
-    if (!this.canGoToOffset(offset)) {
-      return;
-    }
-    const pendingIndex = this.currentIndex + offset;
-    if (this.inPageIndex > -1 && pendingIndex >= this.inPageIndex) {
-      this.pendingIndex = pendingIndex;
-      return this.webContents._goToOffset(offset);
-    } else {
-      return this.goToIndex(pendingIndex);
-    }
-  }
-
-  getActiveIndex () {
-    if (this.pendingIndex === -1) {
-      return this.currentIndex;
-    } else {
-      return this.pendingIndex;
-    }
-  }
-
-  length () {
-    return this.history.length;
-  }
-}

lib/browser/rpc-server.ts

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ import * as ipcMainUtils from '@electron/internal/browser/ipc-main-internal-util
 import * as typeUtils from '@electron/internal/common/type-utils';
 import { IPC_MESSAGES } from '@electron/internal/common/ipc-messages';
 
+import type * as desktopCapturerModule from '@electron/internal/browser/desktop-capturer';
+
 const eventBinding = process._linkedBinding('electron_browser_event');
 
 const emitCustomEvent = function (contents: WebContents, eventName: string, ...args: any[]) {
@@ -58,7 +60,7 @@ ipcMainUtils.handleSync(IPC_MESSAGES.BROWSER_CLIPBOARD_SYNC, function (event, me
 });
 
 if (BUILDFLAG(ENABLE_DESKTOP_CAPTURER)) {
-  const desktopCapturer = require('@electron/internal/browser/desktop-capturer');
+  const desktopCapturer = require('@electron/internal/browser/desktop-capturer') as typeof desktopCapturerModule;
 
   ipcMainInternal.handle(IPC_MESSAGES.DESKTOP_CAPTURER_GET_SOURCES, async function (event, options: Electron.SourcesOptions, stack: string) {
     logStack(event.sender, 'desktopCapturer.getSources()', stack);
@@ -69,7 +71,7 @@ if (BUILDFLAG(ENABLE_DESKTOP_CAPTURER)) {
       return [];
     }
 
-    return typeUtils.serialize(await desktopCapturer.getSourcesImpl(event, options));
+    return typeUtils.serialize(await desktopCapturer.getSourcesImpl(event.sender, options));
   });
 }
 
@@ -100,22 +102,6 @@ ipcMainUtils.handleSync(IPC_MESSAGES.BROWSER_SANDBOX_LOAD, async function (event
   };
 });
 
-ipcMainInternal.on(IPC_MESSAGES.NAVIGATION_CONTROLLER_GO_BACK, function (event) {
-  event.sender.goBack();
-});
-
-ipcMainInternal.on(IPC_MESSAGES.NAVIGATION_CONTROLLER_GO_FORWARD, function (event) {
-  event.sender.goForward();
-});
-
-ipcMainInternal.on(IPC_MESSAGES.NAVIGATION_CONTROLLER_GO_TO_OFFSET, function (event, offset) {
-  event.sender.goToOffset(offset);
-});
-
-ipcMainInternal.on(IPC_MESSAGES.NAVIGATION_CONTROLLER_LENGTH, function (event) {
-  event.returnValue = event.sender.length();
-});
-
 ipcMainInternal.on(IPC_MESSAGES.BROWSER_PRELOAD_ERROR, function (event, preloadPath: string, error: Error) {
   event.sender.emit('preload-error', event, preloadPath, error);
 });

lib/common/api/clipboard.ts

@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
 import { IPC_MESSAGES } from '@electron/internal/common/ipc-messages';
 
+import type * as ipcRendererUtilsModule from '@electron/internal/renderer/ipc-renderer-internal-utils';
+import type * as typeUtilsModule from '@electron/internal/common/type-utils';
+
 const clipboard = process._linkedBinding('electron_common_clipboard');
 
 if (process.type === 'renderer') {
-  const ipcRendererUtils = require('@electron/internal/renderer/ipc-renderer-internal-utils');
-  const typeUtils = require('@electron/internal/common/type-utils');
+  const ipcRendererUtils = require('@electron/internal/renderer/ipc-renderer-internal-utils') as typeof ipcRendererUtilsModule;
+  const typeUtils = require('@electron/internal/common/type-utils') as typeof typeUtilsModule;
 
   const makeRemoteMethod = function (method: keyof Electron.Clipboard) {
     return (...args: any[]) => {

lib/common/ipc-messages.ts

@@ -29,11 +29,6 @@ export const enum IPC_MESSAGES {
 
   RENDERER_WEB_FRAME_METHOD = 'RENDERER_WEB_FRAME_METHOD',
 
-  NAVIGATION_CONTROLLER_GO_BACK = 'NAVIGATION_CONTROLLER_GO_BACK',
-  NAVIGATION_CONTROLLER_GO_FORWARD = 'NAVIGATION_CONTROLLER_GO_FORWARD',
-  NAVIGATION_CONTROLLER_GO_TO_OFFSET = 'NAVIGATION_CONTROLLER_GO_TO_OFFSET',
-  NAVIGATION_CONTROLLER_LENGTH = 'NAVIGATION_CONTROLLER_LENGTH',
-
   INSPECTOR_CONFIRM = 'INSPECTOR_CONFIRM',
   INSPECTOR_CONTEXT_MENU = 'INSPECTOR_CONTEXT_MENU',
   INSPECTOR_SELECT_FILE = 'INSPECTOR_SELECT_FILE',

lib/common/parse-features-string.ts

@@ -56,23 +56,18 @@ function coerce (key: string, value: string): CoercedValue {
   }
 }
 
-export function parseCommaSeparatedKeyValue (source: string, useSoonToBeDeprecatedBehaviorForBareKeys: boolean) {
-  const bareKeys = [] as string[];
+export function parseCommaSeparatedKeyValue (source: string) {
   const parsed = {} as { [key: string]: any };
   for (const keyValuePair of source.split(',')) {
     const [key, value] = keyValuePair.split('=').map(str => str.trim());
-    if (useSoonToBeDeprecatedBehaviorForBareKeys && value === undefined) {
-      bareKeys.push(key);
-      continue;
-    }
-    parsed[key] = coerce(key, value);
+    if (key) { parsed[key] = coerce(key, value); }
   }
 
-  return { parsed, bareKeys };
+  return parsed;
 }
 
 export function parseWebViewWebPreferences (preferences: string) {
-  return parseCommaSeparatedKeyValue(preferences, false).parsed;
+  return parseCommaSeparatedKeyValue(preferences);
 }
 
 const allowedWebPreferences = ['zoomFactor', 'nodeIntegration', 'javascript', 'contextIsolation', 'webviewTag'] as const;
@@ -80,17 +75,9 @@ type AllowedWebPreference = (typeof allowedWebPreferences)[number];
 
 /**
  * Parses a feature string that has the format used in window.open().
- *
- * `useSoonToBeDeprecatedBehaviorForBareKeys` - In the html spec, windowFeatures keys
- * without values are interpreted as `true`. Previous versions of Electron did
- * not respect this. In order to not break any applications, this will be
- * flipped in the next major version.
  */
-export function parseFeatures (
-  features: string,
-  useSoonToBeDeprecatedBehaviorForBareKeys: boolean = true
-) {
-  const { parsed, bareKeys } = parseCommaSeparatedKeyValue(features, useSoonToBeDeprecatedBehaviorForBareKeys);
+export function parseFeatures (features: string) {
+  const parsed = parseCommaSeparatedKeyValue(features);
 
   const webPreferences: { [K in AllowedWebPreference]?: any } = {};
   allowedWebPreferences.forEach((key) => {
@@ -104,7 +91,6 @@ export function parseFeatures (
 
   return {
     options: parsed as Omit<BrowserWindowConstructorOptions, 'webPreferences'>,
-    webPreferences,
-    additionalFeatures: bareKeys
+    webPreferences
   };
 }

lib/common/type-utils.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
-const { nativeImage } = process._linkedBinding('electron_common_native_image');
+function getCreateNativeImage () {
+  return process._linkedBinding('electron_common_native_image').nativeImage.createEmpty;
+}
 
 export function isPromise (val: any) {
   return (
@@ -57,8 +59,8 @@ function serializeNativeImage (image: Electron.NativeImage) {
   return { __ELECTRON_SERIALIZED_NativeImage__: true, representations };
 }
 
-function deserializeNativeImage (value: any) {
-  const image = nativeImage.createEmpty();
+function deserializeNativeImage (value: any, createNativeImage: typeof Electron.nativeImage['createEmpty']) {
+  const image = createNativeImage();
 
   // Use Buffer when there's only one representation for better perf.
   // This avoids compressing to/from PNG where it's not necessary to
@@ -93,15 +95,15 @@ export function serialize (value: any): any {
   }
 }
 
-export function deserialize (value: any): any {
+export function deserialize (value: any, createNativeImage: typeof Electron.nativeImage['createEmpty'] = getCreateNativeImage()): any {
   if (value && value.__ELECTRON_SERIALIZED_NativeImage__) {
-    return deserializeNativeImage(value);
+    return deserializeNativeImage(value, createNativeImage);
   } else if (Array.isArray(value)) {
-    return value.map(deserialize);
+    return value.map(value => deserialize(value, createNativeImage));
   } else if (isSerializableObject(value)) {
     return value;
   } else if (value instanceof Object) {
-    return objectMap(value, deserialize);
+    return objectMap(value, value => deserialize(value, createNativeImage));
   } else {
     return value;
   }

lib/common/web-view-events.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-export const webViewEvents: Record<string, string[]> = {
+export const webViewEvents: Record<string, readonly string[]> = {
   'load-commit': ['url', 'isMainFrame'],
   'did-attach': [],
   'did-finish-load': [],
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ export const webViewEvents: Record<string, string[]> = {
   'did-navigate': ['url', 'httpResponseCode', 'httpStatusText'],
   'did-frame-navigate': ['url', 'httpResponseCode', 'httpStatusText', 'isMainFrame', 'frameProcessId', 'frameRoutingId'],
   'did-navigate-in-page': ['url', 'isMainFrame', 'frameProcessId', 'frameRoutingId'],
-  'focus-change': ['focus', 'guestInstanceId'],
+  '-focus-change': ['focus'],
   close: [],
   crashed: [],
   'render-process-gone': ['details'],
@@ -33,4 +33,4 @@ export const webViewEvents: Record<string, string[]> = {
   'found-in-page': ['result'],
   'did-change-theme-color': ['themeColor'],
   'update-target-url': ['url']
-};
+} as const;

lib/isolated_renderer/init.ts

@@ -1,13 +1,9 @@
-/* global nodeProcess, isolatedWorld */
+/* global isolatedApi */
 
-process._linkedBinding = nodeProcess._linkedBinding;
+import type * as webViewElementModule from '@electron/internal/renderer/web-view/web-view-element';
 
-const v8Util = process._linkedBinding('electron_common_v8_util');
-
-const webViewImpl = v8Util.getHiddenValue(isolatedWorld, 'web-view-impl');
-
-if (webViewImpl) {
+if (isolatedApi.guestViewInternal) {
   // Must setup the WebView element in main world.
-  const { setupWebView } = require('@electron/internal/renderer/web-view/web-view-element');
-  setupWebView(v8Util, webViewImpl);
+  const { setupWebView } = require('@electron/internal/renderer/web-view/web-view-element') as typeof webViewElementModule;
+  setupWebView(isolatedApi);
 }