docs: move some planned breaking changes to 39 (#48236 )

fix: file-only picker incorrectly allowing some directories (#48198 )
fix: ensure dragging works again after emitting contextmenu event (#48199 )
2026-04-10 03:01:51 -04:00 · 2025-09-01 14:55:11 -07:00 · 2025-08-29 13:14:45 -04:00 · 2025-08-29 10:37:37 -04:00 · 2025-08-29 09:56:51 +02:00 · 2025-08-29 12:31:47 +09:00
326 changed files with 4148 additions and 5200 deletions
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.yml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.yml
@@ -58,6 +58,16 @@ body:
    label: Last Known Working Electron version
    description: What is the last version of Electron this worked in, if applicable?
    placeholder: 16.0.0
+- type: dropdown
+  attributes:
+    label: Does the issue also appear in Chromium / Google Chrome?
+    description: If it does, please report the issue in the [Chromium issue tracker](https://issues.chromium.org/issues), not against Electron. Electron will inherit the fix once Chromium resolves the issue.
+    options:
+      - I don't know how to test
+      - "Yes"
+      - "No"
+  validations:
+    required: true
 - type: textarea
  attributes:
    label: Expected Behavior
--- a/.github/actions/build-electron/action.yml
+++ b/.github/actions/build-electron/action.yml
@@ -60,24 +60,14 @@ runs:
          sudo launchctl limit maxfiles 65536 200000
        fi

-        if [ "${{ inputs.is-release }}" = "true" ]; then
-          NINJA_SUMMARIZE_BUILD=1 e build --target electron:release_build
-        else
-          NINJA_SUMMARIZE_BUILD=1 e build --target electron:testing_build
-        fi
+        NINJA_SUMMARIZE_BUILD=1 e build
        cp out/Default/.ninja_log out/electron_ninja_log
        node electron/script/check-symlinks.js
-
-        # Upload build stats to Datadog
-        if ! [ -z $DD_API_KEY ]; then
-          npx node electron/script/build-stats.mjs out/Default/siso.INFO --upload-stats || true
-        else
-          echo "Skipping build-stats.mjs upload because DD_API_KEY is not set"
-        fi
-    - name: Verify dist.zip ${{ inputs.step-suffix }}
+    - name: Build Electron dist.zip ${{ inputs.step-suffix }}
      shell: bash
      run: |
-        cd src        
+        cd src
+        e build --target electron:electron_dist_zip
        if [ "${{ inputs.is-asan }}" != "true" ]; then
          target_os=${{ inputs.target-platform == 'macos' && 'mac' || inputs.target-platform }}
          if [ "${{ inputs.artifact-platform }}" = "mas" ]; then
@@ -85,10 +75,11 @@ runs:
          fi
          electron/script/zip_manifests/check-zip-manifest.py out/Default/dist.zip electron/script/zip_manifests/dist_zip.$target_os.${{ inputs.target-arch }}.manifest
        fi
-    - name: Fixup Mksnapshot ${{ inputs.step-suffix }}
+    - name: Build Mksnapshot ${{ inputs.step-suffix }}
      shell: bash
      run: |
        cd src
+        e build --target electron:electron_mksnapshot
        ELECTRON_DEPOT_TOOLS_DISABLE_LOG=1 e d gn desc out/Default v8:run_mksnapshot_default args > out/Default/mksnapshot_args
        # Remove unused args from mksnapshot_args
        SEDOPTION="-i"
@@ -98,6 +89,7 @@ runs:
        sed $SEDOPTION '/.*builtins-pgo/d' out/Default/mksnapshot_args
        sed $SEDOPTION '/--turbo-profiling-input/d' out/Default/mksnapshot_args

+        e build --target electron:electron_mksnapshot_zip
        if [ "${{ inputs.target-platform }}" = "win" ]; then
          cd out/Default
          powershell Compress-Archive -update mksnapshot_args mksnapshot.zip
@@ -131,7 +123,21 @@ runs:
      shell: bash
      run: |
        cd src
+        e build --target electron:electron_chromedriver
        e build --target electron:electron_chromedriver_zip
+
+        if [ "${{ inputs.is-asan }}" != "true" ]; then
+          target_os=${{ inputs.target-platform == 'macos' && 'mac' || inputs.target-platform }}
+          if [ "${{ inputs.artifact-platform }}" = "mas" ]; then
+            target_os="${target_os}_mas"
+          fi
+          electron/script/zip_manifests/check-zip-manifest.py out/Default/chromedriver.zip electron/script/zip_manifests/chromedriver_zip.$target_os.${{ inputs.target-arch }}.manifest
+        fi
+    - name: Build Node.js headers ${{ inputs.step-suffix }}
+      shell: bash
+      run: |
+        cd src
+        e build --target electron:node_headers
    - name: Create installed_software.json ${{ inputs.step-suffix }}
      shell: powershell
      if: ${{ inputs.is-release == 'true' && inputs.target-platform == 'win' }}
@@ -151,11 +157,17 @@ runs:
        # Needed for msdia140.dll on 64-bit windows
        cd src
        export PATH="$PATH:$(pwd)/third_party/llvm-build/Release+Asserts/bin"
-    - name: Zip Symbols ${{ inputs.step-suffix }}
+    - name: Generate & Zip Symbols ${{ inputs.step-suffix }}
      shell: bash
      run: |
+        # Generate breakpad symbols on release builds
+        if [ "${{ inputs.generate-symbols }}" = "true" ]; then
+          e build --target electron:electron_symbols
+        fi
        cd src
        export BUILD_PATH="$(pwd)/out/Default"
+        e build --target electron:licenses
+        e build --target electron:electron_version_file
        if [ "${{ inputs.is-release }}" = "true" ]; then
          DELETE_DSYMS_AFTER_ZIP=1 electron/script/zip-symbols.py -b $BUILD_PATH
        else
@@ -168,6 +180,18 @@ runs:
        cd src
        gn gen out/ffmpeg --args="import(\"//electron/build/args/ffmpeg.gn\") use_remoteexec=true use_siso=true $GN_EXTRA_ARGS"
        e build --target electron:electron_ffmpeg_zip -C ../../out/ffmpeg
+    - name: Generate Hunspell Dictionaries ${{ inputs.step-suffix }}
+      shell: bash
+      if: ${{ inputs.is-release == 'true' && inputs.target-platform == 'linux' }}
+      run: |
+        e build --target electron:hunspell_dictionaries_zip
+    - name: Generate Libcxx ${{ inputs.step-suffix }}
+      shell: bash
+      if: ${{ inputs.is-release == 'true' && inputs.target-platform == 'linux' }}
+      run: |
+        e build --target electron:libcxx_headers_zip
+        e build --target electron:libcxxabi_headers_zip
+        e build --target electron:libcxx_objects_zip
    - name: Remove Clang problem matcher
      shell: bash
      run: echo "::remove-matcher owner=clang::"
--- a/.github/actions/fix-sync/action.yml
+++ b/.github/actions/fix-sync/action.yml
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ runs:
        deps-file: src/DEPS
        installation-dir: src/third_party/siso/cipd
        target-platform: ${{ inputs.target-platform }}
-        package: build/siso/${platform}
+        package: infra/build/siso/${platform}
    - name: Fixup angle git
      if: ${{ inputs.target-platform != 'linux' }}
      shell: bash
--- a/.github/actions/free-space-macos/action.yml
+++ b/.github/actions/free-space-macos/action.yml
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ runs:
    - name: Free Space on MacOS
      shell: bash
      run: |
+        echo "Disk usage before cleanup:"
+        df -h
        sudo mkdir -p $TMPDIR/del-target

        tmpify() {
@@ -73,4 +75,5 @@ runs:

        # lipo off some huge binaries arm64 versions to save space
        strip_universal_deep $(xcode-select -p)/../SharedFrameworks
-        # strip_arm_deep /System/Volumes/Data/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr
+        # strip_arm_deep /System/Volumes/Data/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr
+        sudo mdutil -a -i off
--- a/.github/actions/install-build-tools/action.yml
+++ b/.github/actions/install-build-tools/action.yml
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ runs:
        git config --global core.preloadindex true
        git config --global core.longpaths true
      fi
-      export BUILD_TOOLS_SHA=706147b2376f55078f718576b28129a0457f1795
+      export BUILD_TOOLS_SHA=fb34fbad068586d9a6e2bb4e4950bdcf9aaee862
      npm i -g @electron/build-tools
      # Update depot_tools to ensure python
      e d update_depot_tools
--- a/.github/workflows/audit-branch-ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/audit-branch-ci.yml
@@ -15,7 +15,11 @@ jobs:
    permissions:
      contents: read
    steps:
-      - run: npm install @actions/cache @electron/fiddle-core
+      - name: Setup Node.js
+        uses: actions/setup-node@49933ea5288caeca8642d1e84afbd3f7d6820020 # v4.4.0
+        with:
+          node-version: 22.17.x
+      - run: npm install @actions/cache@4.0.3 @electron/fiddle-core@2.0.1
      - uses: actions/github-script@60a0d83039c74a4aee543508d2ffcb1c3799cdea # v7.0.1
        id: audit-errors
        with:
@@ -29,7 +33,7 @@ jobs:
            // Only want the most recent workflow run that wasn't skipped or cancelled
            const isValidWorkflowRun = (run) => !['skipped', 'cancelled'].includes(run.conclusion);

-            const versions = await ElectronVersions.create(undefined, { ignoreCache: true });
+            const versions = await ElectronVersions.create({ ignoreCache: true });
            const branches = versions.supportedMajors.map((branch) => `${branch}-x-y`);

            for (const branch of ["main", ...branches]) {
@@ -101,7 +105,6 @@ jobs:
            }

            if (runsWithErrors.length > 0) {
-              core.setOutput('errorsFound', true);
              core.summary.addHeading('⚠️ Runs with Errors');
              core.summary.addTable([
                [
@@ -128,6 +131,7 @@ jobs:

              // Set this as failed so it's easy to scan runs to find failures
              if (runsWithErrors.find((run) => !run.isStale)) {
+                core.setOutput('errorsFound', true);
                process.exitCode = 1;
              }
            } else {
@@ -137,7 +141,7 @@ jobs:
            await core.summary.write();
      - name: Send Slack message if errors
        if: ${{ always() && steps.audit-errors.outputs.errorsFound && github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' }}
-        uses: slackapi/slack-github-action@b0fa283ad8fea605de13dc3f449259339835fc52 # v2.1.0
+        uses: slackapi/slack-github-action@91efab103c0de0a537f72a35f6b8cda0ee76bf0a # v2.1.1
        with:
          payload: |
            link: "https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}"
--- a/.github/workflows/build.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build.yml
@@ -63,10 +63,6 @@ jobs:
        filters: |
          docs:
            - 'docs/**'
-            - README.md
-            - SECURITY.md
-            - CONTRIBUTING.md
-            - CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
          src:
            - '!docs/**'
    - name: Set Outputs for Build Image SHA & Docs Only
@@ -230,7 +226,7 @@ jobs:
    needs: checkout-macos
    with:
      build-runs-on: macos-14-xlarge
-      test-runs-on: macos-13
+      test-runs-on: macos-15-large
      target-platform: macos
      target-arch: x64
      is-release: false
@@ -249,7 +245,7 @@ jobs:
    needs: checkout-macos
    with:
      build-runs-on: macos-14-xlarge
-      test-runs-on: macos-14
+      test-runs-on: macos-15
      target-platform: macos
      target-arch: arm64
      is-release: false
--- a/.github/workflows/issue-commented.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/issue-commented.yml
@@ -10,15 +10,24 @@ permissions: {}
 jobs:
  issue-commented:
    name: Remove blocked/{need-info,need-repro} on comment
-    if: ${{ (contains(github.event.issue.labels.*.name, 'blocked/need-repro') || contains(github.event.issue.labels.*.name, 'blocked/need-info ❌')) && !contains(fromJSON('["MEMBER", "OWNER", "COLLABORATOR"]'), github.event.comment.author_association) && github.event.comment.user.type != 'Bot' }}
+    if: ${{ (contains(github.event.issue.labels.*.name, 'blocked/need-repro') || contains(github.event.issue.labels.*.name, 'blocked/need-info ❌')) && github.event.comment.user.type != 'Bot' }}
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
+      - name: Get author association
+        id: get-author-association
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+        run: |
+          AUTHOR_ASSOCIATION=$(gh api /repos/electron/electron/issues/comments/${{ github.event.comment.id }} --jq '.author_association')
+          echo "author_association=$AUTHOR_ASSOCIATION" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
      - name: Generate GitHub App token
        uses: electron/github-app-auth-action@384fd19694fe7b6dcc9a684746c6976ad78228ae # v1.1.1
+        if: ${{ !contains(fromJSON('["MEMBER", "OWNER", "COLLABORATOR"]'), steps.get-author-association.outputs.author_association) }}
        id: generate-token
        with:
          creds: ${{ secrets.ISSUE_TRIAGE_GH_APP_CREDS }}
      - name: Remove label
+        if: ${{ !contains(fromJSON('["MEMBER", "OWNER", "COLLABORATOR"]'), steps.get-author-association.outputs.author_association) }}
        env:
          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ steps.generate-token.outputs.token }}
          ISSUE_URL: ${{ github.event.issue.html_url }}
--- a/.github/workflows/issue-labeled.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/issue-labeled.yml
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ jobs:
          creds: ${{ secrets.ISSUE_TRIAGE_GH_APP_CREDS }}
      - name: Create comment
        if: ${{ steps.check-for-comment.outputs.SHOULD_COMMENT }}
-        uses: actions-cool/issues-helper@a610082f8ac0cf03e357eb8dd0d5e2ba075e017e # v3.6.0
+        uses: actions-cool/issues-helper@50068f49b7b2b3857270ead65e2d02e4459b022c # v3.6.2
        with:
          actions: 'create-comment'
          token: ${{ steps.generate-token.outputs.token }}
--- a/.github/workflows/issue-opened.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/issue-opened.yml
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ jobs:
            }
      - name: Create unsupported major comment
        if: ${{ steps.add-labels.outputs.unsupportedMajor }}
-        uses: actions-cool/issues-helper@a610082f8ac0cf03e357eb8dd0d5e2ba075e017e # v3.6.0
+        uses: actions-cool/issues-helper@50068f49b7b2b3857270ead65e2d02e4459b022c # v3.6.2
        with:
          actions: 'create-comment'
          token: ${{ steps.generate-token.outputs.token }}
--- a/.github/workflows/non-maintainer-dependency-change.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/non-maintainer-dependency-change.yml
@@ -1,30 +1,40 @@
-name: Check for Non-Maintainer Dependency Change
+name: Check for Disallowed Non-Maintainer Change

 on:
  pull_request_target:
    paths:
      - 'yarn.lock'
      - 'spec/yarn.lock'
+      - '.github/workflows/**'
+      - '.github/actions/**'

 permissions: {}

 jobs:
  check-for-non-maintainer-dependency-change:
-    name: Check for non-maintainer dependency change
-    if: ${{ !contains(fromJSON('["MEMBER", "OWNER"]'), github.event.pull_request.author_association) && github.event.pull_request.user.type != 'Bot' && !github.event.pull_request.draft }}
+    name: Check for disallowed non-maintainer change
+    if: ${{ github.event.pull_request.user.type != 'Bot' && !github.event.pull_request.draft }}
    permissions:
      contents: read
      pull-requests: write
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
+      - name: Get author association
+        id: get-author-association
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+        run: |
+          AUTHOR_ASSOCIATION=$(gh api /repos/electron/electron/pulls/${{ github.event.pull_request.number }} --jq '.author_association')
+          echo "author_association=$AUTHOR_ASSOCIATION" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
      - name: Check for existing review
        id: check-for-review
+        if: ${{ !contains(fromJSON('["MEMBER", "OWNER"]'), steps.get-author-association.outputs.author_association) }}
        env:
          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
          PR_URL: ${{ github.event.pull_request.html_url }}
        run: |
          set -eo pipefail
-          REVIEW_COUNT=$(gh pr view $PR_URL --json reviews | jq '[ .reviews[] | select(.author.login == "github-actions") | select(.body | startswith("<!-- no-dependency-change -->")) ] | length')
+          REVIEW_COUNT=$(gh pr view $PR_URL --json reviews | jq '[ .reviews[] | select(.author.login == "github-actions") | select(.body | startswith("<!-- disallowed-non-maintainer-change -->")) ] | length')
          if [[ $REVIEW_COUNT -eq 0 ]]; then
            echo "SHOULD_REVIEW=1" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
          fi
@@ -34,4 +44,4 @@ jobs:
          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
          PR_URL: ${{ github.event.pull_request.html_url }}
        run: |
-          printf "<!-- no-dependency-change -->\n\nHello @${{ github.event.pull_request.user.login }}! It looks like this pull request touches one of our dependency files, and per [our contribution policy](https://github.com/electron/electron/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md#dependencies-upgrades-policy) we do not accept these types of changes in PRs." | gh pr review $PR_URL -r --body-file=-
+          printf "<!-- disallowed-non-maintainer-change -->\n\nHello @${{ github.event.pull_request.user.login }}! It looks like this pull request touches one of our dependency or CI files, and per [our contribution policy](https://github.com/electron/electron/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md#dependencies-upgrades-policy) we do not accept these types of changes in PRs." | gh pr review $PR_URL -r --body-file=-
--- a/.github/workflows/pipeline-segment-electron-build.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/pipeline-segment-electron-build.yml
@@ -66,7 +66,6 @@ concurrency:
 env:
  CHROMIUM_GIT_COOKIE: ${{ secrets.CHROMIUM_GIT_COOKIE }}
  CHROMIUM_GIT_COOKIE_WINDOWS_STRING: ${{ secrets.CHROMIUM_GIT_COOKIE_WINDOWS_STRING }}
-  DD_API_KEY: ${{ secrets.DD_API_KEY }}
  ELECTRON_ARTIFACTS_BLOB_STORAGE: ${{ secrets.ELECTRON_ARTIFACTS_BLOB_STORAGE }}
  ELECTRON_RBE_JWT: ${{ secrets.ELECTRON_RBE_JWT }}
  SUDOWOODO_EXCHANGE_URL: ${{ secrets.SUDOWOODO_EXCHANGE_URL }}
@@ -85,7 +84,6 @@ jobs:
    environment: ${{ inputs.environment }}
    env:
      TARGET_ARCH: ${{ inputs.target-arch }}
-      TARGET_PLATFORM: ${{ inputs.target-platform }}
    steps:
    - name: Create src dir
      run: |
--- a/.github/workflows/pipeline-segment-electron-test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/pipeline-segment-electron-test.yml
@@ -76,6 +76,7 @@ jobs:
    - name: Add TCC permissions on macOS
      if: ${{ inputs.target-platform == 'macos' }}
      run: |
+        epochdate=$(($(date +'%s * 1000 + %-N / 1000000')))
        configure_user_tccdb () {
          local values=$1
          local dbPath="$HOME/Library/Application Support/com.apple.TCC/TCC.db"
@@ -94,11 +95,14 @@ jobs:
            "'kTCCServiceCamera','/usr/local/opt/runner/provisioner/provisioner',1,2,4,1,NULL,NULL,0,'UNUSED',NULL,0,1687786159"
            "'kTCCServiceBluetoothAlways','/usr/local/opt/runner/provisioner/provisioner',1,2,4,1,NULL,NULL,0,'UNUSED',NULL,0,1687786159"
            "'kTCCServiceAppleEvents','/usr/local/opt/runner/provisioner/provisioner',1,2,4,1,NULL,NULL,0,'UNUSED',NULL,0,1687786159"
+            "'kTCCServiceCamera','/opt/hca/hosted-compute-agent',1,2,4,1,NULL,NULL,0,'UNUSED',NULL,0,1687786159"
+            "'kTCCServiceBluetoothAlways','/opt/hca/hosted-compute-agent',1,2,4,1,NULL,NULL,0,'UNUSED',NULL,0,1687786159"
+            "'kTCCServiceScreenCapture','/bin/bash',1,2,3,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,'UNUSED',NULL,0,$epochdate"
        )
        for values in "${userValuesArray[@]}"; do
          # Sonoma and higher have a few extra values
          # Ref: https://github.com/actions/runner-images/blob/main/images/macos/scripts/build/configure-tccdb-macos.sh
-          if [ "$OSTYPE" = "darwin23" ]; then
+          if [ "$OSTYPE" = "darwin23" ] || [ "$OSTYPE" = "darwin24" ]; then
            configure_user_tccdb "$values,NULL,NULL,'UNUSED',${values##*,}"
            configure_sys_tccdb "$values,NULL,NULL,'UNUSED',${values##*,}"
          else
@@ -106,9 +110,17 @@ jobs:
            configure_sys_tccdb "$values"
          fi
        done
+
+        # Ref: https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-cocoa/blob/main/scripts/ci-enable-permissions.sh
+        if [ "$OSTYPE" = "darwin24" ]; then
+          defaults write ~/Library/Group\ Containers/group.com.apple.replayd/ScreenCaptureApprovals.plist "/bin/bash" -date "3024-09-23 12:00:00 +0000"
+        fi
    - name: Turn off the unexpectedly quit dialog on macOS
      if: ${{ inputs.target-platform == 'macos' }}
      run: defaults write com.apple.CrashReporter DialogType server
+    - name: Set xcode to 16.4
+      if: ${{ inputs.target-platform == 'macos' }}
+      run: sudo xcode-select --switch /Applications/Xcode_16.4.app
    - name: Checkout Electron
      uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683
      with:
@@ -153,35 +165,39 @@ jobs:
        echo "DISABLE_CRASH_REPORTER_TESTS=true" >> $GITHUB_ENV
        echo "IS_ASAN=true" >> $GITHUB_ENV
    - name: Download Generated Artifacts
-      uses: actions/download-artifact@d3f86a106a0bac45b974a628896c90dbdf5c8093
+      uses: actions/download-artifact@634f93cb2916e3fdff6788551b99b062d0335ce0
      with:
        name: generated_artifacts_${{ env.ARTIFACT_KEY }}
        path: ./generated_artifacts_${{ matrix.build-type }}_${{ inputs.target-arch }}
    - name: Download Src Artifacts
-      uses: actions/download-artifact@d3f86a106a0bac45b974a628896c90dbdf5c8093
+      uses: actions/download-artifact@634f93cb2916e3fdff6788551b99b062d0335ce0
      with:
        name: src_artifacts_${{ env.ARTIFACT_KEY }}
        path: ./src_artifacts_${{ matrix.build-type }}_${{ inputs.target-arch }}
    - name: Restore Generated Artifacts
      run: ./src/electron/script/actions/restore-artifacts.sh
-    - name: Unzip Dist (win)
+    - name: Unzip Dist, Mksnapshot & Chromedriver (win)
      if: ${{ inputs.target-platform == 'win' }}
      shell: powershell
      run: |
        Set-ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Scope Process -Force
        cd src/out/Default
        Expand-Archive -Force dist.zip -DestinationPath ./
-    - name: Unzip Dist (unix)
+        Expand-Archive -Force chromedriver.zip -DestinationPath ./
+        Expand-Archive -Force mksnapshot.zip -DestinationPath ./
+    - name: Unzip Dist, Mksnapshot & Chromedriver (unix)
      if: ${{ inputs.target-platform != 'win' }}
      run: |
        cd src/out/Default
        unzip -:o dist.zip
-    - name: Import & Trust Self-Signed Codesigning Cert on MacOS
-      if: ${{ inputs.target-platform == 'macos' && inputs.target-arch == 'x64' }}
-      run: |
-        sudo security authorizationdb write com.apple.trust-settings.admin allow
-        cd src/electron
-        ./script/codesign/generate-identity.sh
+        unzip -:o chromedriver.zip
+        unzip -:o mksnapshot.zip
+    #- name: Import & Trust Self-Signed Codesigning Cert on MacOS
+    #  if: ${{ inputs.target-platform == 'macos' && inputs.target-arch == 'x64' }}
+    #  run: |
+    #    sudo security authorizationdb write com.apple.trust-settings.admin allow
+    #    cd src/electron
+    #    ./script/codesign/generate-identity.sh
    - name: Install Datadog CLI
      run: |
        cd src/electron
@@ -211,7 +227,7 @@ jobs:
              export ELECTRON_FORCE_TEST_SUITE_EXIT="true"
            fi
          fi
-          node script/yarn test --runners=main --enableRerun=3 --trace-uncaught --enable-logging --files $tests_files
+          node script/yarn test --runners=main --trace-uncaught --enable-logging --files $tests_files
        else
          chown :builduser .. && chmod g+w ..
          chown -R :builduser . && chmod -R g+w .
--- a/.github/workflows/pipeline-segment-node-nan-test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/pipeline-segment-node-nan-test.yml
@@ -61,12 +61,12 @@ jobs:
    - name: Install Dependencies
      uses: ./src/electron/.github/actions/install-dependencies
    - name: Download Generated Artifacts
-      uses: actions/download-artifact@d3f86a106a0bac45b974a628896c90dbdf5c8093
+      uses: actions/download-artifact@634f93cb2916e3fdff6788551b99b062d0335ce0
      with:
        name: generated_artifacts_${{ env.BUILD_TYPE }}_${{ env.TARGET_ARCH }}
        path: ./generated_artifacts_${{ env.BUILD_TYPE }}_${{ env.TARGET_ARCH }}
    - name: Download Src Artifacts
-      uses: actions/download-artifact@d3f86a106a0bac45b974a628896c90dbdf5c8093
+      uses: actions/download-artifact@634f93cb2916e3fdff6788551b99b062d0335ce0
      with:
        name: src_artifacts_linux_${{ env.TARGET_ARCH }}
        path: ./src_artifacts_linux_${{ env.TARGET_ARCH }}
@@ -115,12 +115,12 @@ jobs:
    - name: Install Dependencies
      uses: ./src/electron/.github/actions/install-dependencies
    - name: Download Generated Artifacts
-      uses: actions/download-artifact@d3f86a106a0bac45b974a628896c90dbdf5c8093
+      uses: actions/download-artifact@634f93cb2916e3fdff6788551b99b062d0335ce0
      with:
        name: generated_artifacts_${{ env.BUILD_TYPE }}_${{ env.TARGET_ARCH }}
        path: ./generated_artifacts_${{ env.BUILD_TYPE }}_${{ env.TARGET_ARCH }}
    - name: Download Src Artifacts
-      uses: actions/download-artifact@d3f86a106a0bac45b974a628896c90dbdf5c8093
+      uses: actions/download-artifact@634f93cb2916e3fdff6788551b99b062d0335ce0
      with:
        name: src_artifacts_linux_${{ env.TARGET_ARCH }}
        path: ./src_artifacts_linux_${{ env.TARGET_ARCH }}
--- a/.github/workflows/pull-request-labeled.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/pull-request-labeled.yml
@@ -13,16 +13,13 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - name: Trigger Slack workflow
-        uses: slackapi/slack-github-action@b0fa283ad8fea605de13dc3f449259339835fc52 # v2.1.0
+        uses: slackapi/slack-github-action@91efab103c0de0a537f72a35f6b8cda0ee76bf0a # v2.1.1
        with:
          webhook: ${{ secrets.BACKPORT_REQUESTED_SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL }} 
          webhook-type: webhook-trigger
          payload: |
            {
-              "base_ref": ${{ toJSON(github.event.pull_request.base.ref) }},
-              "title": ${{ toJSON(github.event.pull_request.title) }},
-              "url": ${{ toJSON(github.event.pull_request.html_url) }},
-              "user": ${{ toJSON(github.event.pull_request.user.login) }}
+              "url": "${{ github.event.pull_request.html_url }}"
            }
  pull-request-labeled-deprecation-review-complete:
    name: deprecation-review/complete label added
--- a/.github/workflows/scorecards.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/scorecards.yml
@@ -50,6 +50,6 @@ jobs:

      # Upload the results to GitHub's code scanning dashboard.
      - name: "Upload to code-scanning"
-        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@ce28f5bb42b7a9f2c824e633a3f6ee835bab6858 # v3.29.0
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@3c3833e0f8c1c83d449a7478aa59c036a9165498 # v3.29.5
        with:
          sarif_file: results.sarif
--- a/.github/workflows/semantic.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/semantic.yml
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - name: semantic-pull-request
-        uses: amannn/action-semantic-pull-request@0723387faaf9b38adef4775cd42cfd5155ed6017 # v5.5.3
+        uses: amannn/action-semantic-pull-request@48f256284bd46cdaab1048c3721360e808335d50 # v6.1.1
        env:
          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
        with:
--- a/BUILD.gn
+++ b/BUILD.gn
@@ -655,7 +655,6 @@ source_set("electron_lib") {
      "//ui/events/devices/x11",
      "//ui/events/platform/x11",
      "//ui/gtk:gtk_config",
-      "//ui/linux:display_server_utils",
      "//ui/linux:linux_ui",
      "//ui/linux:linux_ui_factory",
      "//ui/wm",
@@ -781,9 +780,13 @@ source_set("electron_lib") {

 action("mksnapshot_checksum_gen") {
  script = "build/checksum_header.py"
+
  outputs = [ "$target_gen_dir/snapshot_checksum.h" ]
  inputs = [ "$root_out_dir/$v8_context_snapshot_filename" ]
-  args = rebase_path(inputs) + rebase_path(outputs)
+  args = rebase_path(inputs)
+
+  args += rebase_path(outputs)
+
  deps = [ "//tools/v8_context_snapshot" ]
 }

@@ -1616,29 +1619,6 @@ group("node_headers") {
  public_deps = [ ":tar_node_headers" ]
 }

-group("testing_build") {
-  public_deps = [
-    ":electron_dist_zip",
-    ":electron_mksnapshot_zip",
-    ":node_headers",
-  ]
-}
-
-group("release_build") {
-  public_deps = [ ":testing_build" ]
-  if (is_official_build) {
-    public_deps += [ ":electron_symbols" ]
-  }
-  if (is_linux) {
-    public_deps += [
-      ":hunspell_dictionaries_zip",
-      ":libcxx_headers_zip",
-      ":libcxx_objects_zip",
-      ":libcxxabi_headers_zip",
-    ]
-  }
-}
-
 if (is_linux && is_official_build) {
  strip_binary("strip_electron_binary") {
    binary_input = "$root_out_dir/$electron_project_name"
--- a/4
+++ b/4
@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@ gclient_gn_args_from = 'src'

 vars = {
  'chromium_version':
-    '140.0.7339.249',
+    '141.0.7361.0',
  'node_version':
-    'v22.21.1',
+    'v22.18.0',
  'nan_version':
    'e14bdcd1f72d62bca1d541b66da43130384ec213',
  'squirrel.mac_version':
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ Each Electron release provides binaries for macOS, Windows, and Linux.

 * macOS (Big Sur and up): Electron provides 64-bit Intel and Apple Silicon / ARM binaries for macOS.
 * Windows (Windows 10 and up): Electron provides `ia32` (`x86`), `x64` (`amd64`), and `arm64` binaries for Windows. Windows on ARM support was added in Electron 5.0.8. Support for Windows 7, 8 and 8.1 was [removed in Electron 23, in line with Chromium's Windows deprecation policy](https://www.electronjs.org/blog/windows-7-to-8-1-deprecation-notice).
-* Linux: The prebuilt binaries of Electron are built on Ubuntu 22.04. They have also been verified to work on:
+* Linux: The prebuilt binaries of Electron are built on Ubuntu 20.04. They have also been verified to work on:
  * Ubuntu 18.04 and newer
  * Fedora 32 and newer
  * Debian 10 and newer
--- a/build/args/all.gn
+++ b/build/args/all.gn
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ is_electron_build = true
 root_extra_deps = [ "//electron" ]

 # Registry of NMVs --> https://github.com/nodejs/node/blob/main/doc/abi_version_registry.json
-node_module_version = 139
+node_module_version = 140

 v8_promise_internal_field_count = 1
 v8_embedder_string = "-electron.0"
@@ -24,6 +24,10 @@ enable_printing = true
 angle_enable_vulkan_validation_layers = false
 dawn_enable_vulkan_validation_layers = false

+# Removes dxc dll's that are only used experimentally.
+# See https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=1474897
+dawn_use_built_dxc = false
+
 # These are disabled because they cause the zip manifest to differ between
 # testing and release builds.
 # See https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/c/chromium/src/+/2774898.
@@ -68,6 +72,3 @@ enterprise_cloud_content_analysis = false

 # We don't use anything from here, and it causes target collisions
 enable_linux_installer = false
-
-# Disable "Save to Drive" feature in PDF viewer
-enable_pdf_save_to_drive = false
--- a/build/rules.gni
+++ b/build/rules.gni
@@ -67,10 +67,6 @@ template("mac_xib_bundle_data") {
    ibtool_flags = [
      "--minimum-deployment-target",
      mac_deployment_target,
-
-      # TODO(rsesek): Enable this once all the bots are on Xcode 7+.
-      # "--target-device",
-      # "mac",
    ]
  }

--- a/chromium_src/BUILD.gn
+++ b/chromium_src/BUILD.gn
@@ -142,8 +142,6 @@ static_library("chrome") {
    "//chrome/browser/ui/views/overlay/toggle_camera_button.h",
    "//chrome/browser/ui/views/overlay/toggle_microphone_button.cc",
    "//chrome/browser/ui/views/overlay/toggle_microphone_button.h",
-    "//chrome/browser/ui/views/overlay/video_overlay_window_native_widget_mac.h",
-    "//chrome/browser/ui/views/overlay/video_overlay_window_native_widget_mac.mm",
    "//chrome/browser/ui/views/overlay/video_overlay_window_views.cc",
    "//chrome/browser/ui/views/overlay/video_overlay_window_views.h",
    "//chrome/browser/ui/views/picture_in_picture/picture_in_picture_bounds_change_animation.cc",
@@ -280,6 +278,8 @@ static_library("chrome") {
      "//chrome/browser/process_singleton_mac.mm",
      "//chrome/browser/ui/views/eye_dropper/eye_dropper_view_mac.h",
      "//chrome/browser/ui/views/eye_dropper/eye_dropper_view_mac.mm",
+      "//chrome/browser/ui/views/overlay/video_overlay_window_native_widget_mac.h",
+      "//chrome/browser/ui/views/overlay/video_overlay_window_native_widget_mac.mm",
    ]
    deps += [ ":system_media_capture_permissions_mac_conflict" ]
  }
@@ -502,15 +502,17 @@ source_set("chrome_spellchecker") {
  ]
 }

-# These sources create an object file conflict with one in |:chrome|, so they
-# must live in a separate target.
-# Conflicting sources:
-#   //chrome/browser/media/webrtc/system_media_capture_permissions_stats_mac.mm
-#   //chrome/browser/permissions/system/system_media_capture_permissions_mac.mm
-source_set("system_media_capture_permissions_mac_conflict") {
-  sources = [
-    "//chrome/browser/permissions/system/system_media_capture_permissions_mac.h",
-    "//chrome/browser/permissions/system/system_media_capture_permissions_mac.mm",
-  ]
-  deps = [ "//chrome/common" ]
+if (is_mac) {
+  # These sources create an object file conflict with one in |:chrome|, so they
+  # must live in a separate target.
+  # Conflicting sources:
+  #   //chrome/browser/media/webrtc/system_media_capture_permissions_stats_mac.mm
+  #   //chrome/browser/permissions/system/system_media_capture_permissions_mac.mm
+  source_set("system_media_capture_permissions_mac_conflict") {
+    sources = [
+      "//chrome/browser/permissions/system/system_media_capture_permissions_mac.h",
+      "//chrome/browser/permissions/system/system_media_capture_permissions_mac.mm",
+    ]
+    deps = [ "//chrome/common" ]
+  }
 }
--- a/docs/api/app.md
+++ b/docs/api/app.md
@@ -1214,13 +1214,6 @@ Disables hardware acceleration for current app.

 This method can only be called before app is ready.

-### `app.isHardwareAccelerationEnabled()`
-
-Returns `boolean` - whether hardware acceleration is currently disabled.
-
- > [!NOTE]
- > This information is only usable after the `gpu-info-update` event is emitted.
-
 ### `app.disableDomainBlockingFor3DAPIs()`

 By default, Chromium disables 3D APIs (e.g. WebGL) until restart on a per
@@ -1404,75 +1397,7 @@ details. Disabled by default.
 This API must be called after the `ready` event is emitted.

 > [!NOTE]
-> Rendering accessibility tree can significantly affect the performance of your app. It should not be enabled by default. Calling this method will enable the following accessibility support features: `nativeAPIs`, `webContents`, `inlineTextBoxes`, and `extendedProperties`.
-
-### `app.getAccessibilitySupportFeatures()` _macOS_ _Windows_
-
-Returns `string[]` - Array of strings naming currently enabled accessibility support components. Possible values:
-
-* `nativeAPIs` - Native OS accessibility APIs integration enabled.
-* `webContents` - Web contents accessibility tree exposure enabled.
-* `inlineTextBoxes` - Inline text boxes (character bounding boxes) enabled.
-* `extendedProperties` - Extended accessibility properties enabled.
-* `screenReader` - Screen reader specific mode enabled.
-* `html` - HTML accessibility tree construction enabled.
-* `labelImages` - Accessibility support for automatic image annotations.
-* `pdfPrinting` - Accessibility support for PDF printing enabled.
-
-Notes:
-
-* The array may be empty if no accessibility modes are active.
-* Use `app.isAccessibilitySupportEnabled()` for the legacy boolean check;
-  prefer this method for granular diagnostics or telemetry.
-
-Example:
-
-```js
-const { app } = require('electron')
-
-app.whenReady().then(() => {
-  if (app.getAccessibilitySupportFeatures().includes('screenReader')) {
-    // Change some app UI to better work with Screen Readers.
-  }
-})
-```
-
-### `app.setAccessibilitySupportFeatures(features)` _macOS_ _Windows_
-
-* `features` string[] - An array of the accessibility features to enable.
-
-Possible values are:
-
-* `nativeAPIs` - Native OS accessibility APIs integration enabled.
-* `webContents` - Web contents accessibility tree exposure enabled.
-* `inlineTextBoxes` - Inline text boxes (character bounding boxes) enabled.
-* `extendedProperties` - Extended accessibility properties enabled.
-* `screenReader` - Screen reader specific mode enabled.
-* `html` - HTML accessibility tree construction enabled.
-* `labelImages` - Accessibility support for automatic image annotations.
-* `pdfPrinting` - Accessibility support for PDF printing enabled.
-
-To disable all supported features, pass an empty array `[]`.
-
-Example:
-
-```js
-const { app } = require('electron')
-
-app.whenReady().then(() => {
-  // Enable a subset of features:
-  app.setAccessibilitySupportFeatures([
-    'screenReader',
-    'pdfPrinting',
-    'webContents'
-  ])
-
-  // Other logic
-
-  // Some time later, disable all features:
-  app.setAccessibilitySupportFeatures([])
-})
-```
+> Rendering accessibility tree can significantly affect the performance of your app. It should not be enabled by default.

 ### `app.showAboutPanel()`

--- a/docs/api/base-window.md
+++ b/docs/api/base-window.md
@@ -1262,16 +1262,15 @@ Sets the properties for the window's taskbar button.

 #### `win.setAccentColor(accentColor)` _Windows_

-* `accentColor` boolean | string | null - The accent color for the window. By default, follows user preference in System Settings. To reset to system default, pass `null`.
+* `accentColor` boolean | string - The accent color for the window. By default, follows user preference in System Settings.

 Sets the system accent color and highlighting of active window border.

 The `accentColor` parameter accepts the following values:

-* **Color string** - Like `true`, but sets a custom accent color using standard CSS color formats (Hex, RGB, RGBA, HSL, HSLA, or named colors). Alpha values in RGBA/HSLA formats are ignored and the color is treated as fully opaque.
-* **`true`** - Enable accent color highlighting for the window with the system accent color regardless of whether accent colors are enabled for windows in System `Settings.`
-* **`false`** - Disable accent color highlighting for the window regardless of whether accent colors are currently enabled for windows in System Settings.
-* **`null`** - Reset window accent color behavior to follow behavior set in System Settings.
+* **Color string** - Sets a custom accent color using standard CSS color formats (Hex, RGB, RGBA, HSL, HSLA, or named colors). Alpha values in RGBA/HSLA formats are ignored and the color is treated as fully opaque.
+* **`true`** - Uses the system's default accent color from user preferences in System Settings.
+* **`false`** - Explicitly disables accent color highlighting for the window.

 Examples:

@@ -1284,14 +1283,11 @@ win.setAccentColor('#ff0000')
 // RGB format (alpha ignored if present).
 win.setAccentColor('rgba(255,0,0,0.5)')

-// Enable accent color, using the color specified in System Settings.
+// Use system accent color.
 win.setAccentColor(true)

 // Disable accent color.
 win.setAccentColor(false)
-
-// Reset window accent color behavior to follow behavior set in System Settings.
-win.setAccentColor(null)
 ```

 #### `win.getAccentColor()` _Windows_
--- a/docs/api/browser-window.md
+++ b/docs/api/browser-window.md
@@ -1442,16 +1442,15 @@ Sets the properties for the window's taskbar button.

 #### `win.setAccentColor(accentColor)` _Windows_

-* `accentColor` boolean | string | null - The accent color for the window. By default, follows user preference in System Settings. To reset to system default, pass `null`.
+* `accentColor` boolean | string - The accent color for the window. By default, follows user preference in System Settings.

 Sets the system accent color and highlighting of active window border.

 The `accentColor` parameter accepts the following values:

-* **Color string** - Like `true`, but sets a custom accent color using standard CSS color formats (Hex, RGB, RGBA, HSL, HSLA, or named colors). Alpha values in RGBA/HSLA formats are ignored and the color is treated as fully opaque.
-* **`true`** - Enable accent color highlighting for the window with the system accent color regardless of whether accent colors are enabled for windows in System `Settings.`
-* **`false`** - Disable accent color highlighting for the window regardless of whether accent colors are currently enabled for windows in System Settings.
-* **`null`** - Reset window accent color behavior to follow behavior set in System Settings.
+* **Color string** - Sets a custom accent color using standard CSS color formats (Hex, RGB, RGBA, HSL, HSLA, or named colors). Alpha values in RGBA/HSLA formats are ignored and the color is treated as fully opaque.
+* **`true`** - Uses the system's default accent color from user preferences in System Settings.
+* **`false`** - Explicitly disables accent color highlighting for the window.

 Examples:

@@ -1464,14 +1463,11 @@ win.setAccentColor('#ff0000')
 // RGB format (alpha ignored if present).
 win.setAccentColor('rgba(255,0,0,0.5)')

-// Enable accent color, using the color specified in System Settings.
+// Use system accent color.
 win.setAccentColor(true)

 // Disable accent color.
 win.setAccentColor(false)
-
-// Reset window accent color behavior to follow behavior set in System Settings.
-win.setAccentColor(null)
 ```

 #### `win.getAccentColor()` _Windows_
@@ -1574,18 +1570,11 @@ events.

 Prevents the window contents from being captured by other apps.

-On Windows, it calls [`SetWindowDisplayAffinity`](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/winuser/nf-winuser-setwindowdisplayaffinity) with `WDA_EXCLUDEFROMCAPTURE`.
+On macOS it sets the NSWindow's [`sharingType`](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/appkit/nswindow/sharingtype-swift.property?language=objc) to [`NSWindowSharingNone`](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/appkit/nswindow/sharingtype-swift.enum/none?language=objc).
+On Windows it calls [`SetWindowDisplayAffinity`](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/winuser/nf-winuser-setwindowdisplayaffinity) with `WDA_EXCLUDEFROMCAPTURE`.
 For Windows 10 version 2004 and up the window will be removed from capture entirely,
 older Windows versions behave as if `WDA_MONITOR` is applied capturing a black window.

-On macOS, it sets the `NSWindow`'s
-[`sharingType`](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/appkit/nswindow/sharingtype-swift.property?language=objc)
-to
-[`NSWindowSharingNone`](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/appkit/nswindow/sharingtype-swift.enum/none?language=objc).
-Unfortunately, due to an intentional change in macOS, newer Mac applications that use
-`ScreenCaptureKit` will capture your window despite `win.setContentProtection(true)`.
-See [here](https://github.com/electron/electron/issues/48258#issuecomment-3269893618).
-
 #### `win.isContentProtected()` _macOS_ _Windows_

 Returns `boolean` - whether or not content protection is currently enabled.
--- a/docs/api/client-request.md
+++ b/docs/api/client-request.md
@@ -25,11 +25,6 @@ following properties:
    with which the request is associated. Defaults to the empty string. The
    `session` option supersedes `partition`. Thus if a `session` is explicitly
    specified, `partition` is ignored.
-  * `bypassCustomProtocolHandlers` boolean (optional) - When set to `true`,
-    custom protocol handlers registered for the request's URL scheme will not be
-    called. This allows forwarding an intercepted request to the built-in
-    handler. [webRequest](web-request.md) handlers will still be triggered
-    when bypassing custom protocols. Defaults to `false`.
  * `credentials` string (optional) - Can be `include`, `omit` or
    `same-origin`. Whether to send
    [credentials](https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/#credentials) with this
--- a/docs/api/clipboard.md
+++ b/docs/api/clipboard.md
@@ -4,12 +4,6 @@

 Process: [Main](../glossary.md#main-process), [Renderer](../glossary.md#renderer-process) (non-sandboxed only)

-> [!IMPORTANT]
-> If you want to call this API from a renderer process with context isolation enabled,
-> place the API call in your preload script and
-> [expose](../tutorial/context-isolation.md#after-context-isolation-enabled) it using the
-> [`contextBridge`](context-bridge.md) API.
-
 On Linux, there is also a `selection` clipboard. To manipulate it
 you need to pass `selection` to each method:

--- a/docs/api/command-line-switches.md
+++ b/docs/api/command-line-switches.md
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ Field trials to be forcefully enabled or disabled.

 For example: `WebRTC-Audio-Red-For-Opus/Enabled/`

-### --host-rules=`rules`
+### --host-rules=`rules` _Deprecated_

 A comma-separated list of `rules` that control how hostnames are mapped.

@@ -104,9 +104,23 @@ These mappings apply to the endpoint host in a net request (the TCP connect
 and host resolver in a direct connection, and the `CONNECT` in an HTTP proxy
 connection, and the endpoint host in a `SOCKS` proxy connection).

+**Deprecated:** Use the `--host-resolver-rules` switch instead.
+
 ### --host-resolver-rules=`rules`

-Like `--host-rules` but these `rules` only apply to the host resolver.
+A comma-separated list of `rules` that control how hostnames are mapped.
+
+For example:
+
+* `MAP * 127.0.0.1` Forces all hostnames to be mapped to 127.0.0.1
+* `MAP *.google.com proxy` Forces all google.com subdomains to be resolved to
+  "proxy".
+* `MAP test.com [::1]:77` Forces "test.com" to resolve to IPv6 loopback. Will
+  also force the port of the resulting socket address to be 77.
+* `MAP * baz, EXCLUDE www.google.com` Remaps everything to "baz", except for
+  "www.google.com".
+
+These `rules` only apply to the host resolver.

 ### --ignore-certificate-errors

@@ -331,6 +345,22 @@ Affects the default output directory of [v8.setHeapSnapshotNearHeapLimit](https:

 Disable exposition of [Navigator API][] on the global scope from Node.js.

+## Chromium Flags
+
+There isn't a documented list of all Chromium switches, but there are a few ways to find them.
+
+The easiest way is through Chromium's flags page, which you can access at `about://flags`. These flags don't directly match switch names, but they show up in the process's command-line arguments.
+
+To see these arguments, enable a flag in `about://flags`, then go to `about://version` in Chromium. You'll find a list of command-line arguments, including `--flag-switches-begin --your --list --flag-switches-end`, which contains the list of your flag enabled switches.
+
+Most flags are included as part of `--enable-features=`, but some are standalone switches, like `--enable-experimental-web-platform-features`.
+
+A complete list of flags exists in [Chromium's flag metadata page](https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/main:chrome/browser/flag-metadata.json), but this list includes platform, environment and GPU specific, expired and potentially non-functional flags, so many of them might not always work in every situation.
+
+Keep in mind that standalone switches can sometimes be split into individual features, so there's no fully complete list of switches.
+
+Finally, you'll need to ensure that the version of Chromium in Electron matches the version of the browser you're using to cross-reference the switches.
+
 [app]: app.md
 [append-switch]: command-line.md#commandlineappendswitchswitch-value
 [debugging-main-process]: ../tutorial/debugging-main-process.md
--- a/docs/api/context-bridge.md
+++ b/docs/api/context-bridge.md
@@ -157,6 +157,7 @@ has been included below for completeness:
 | [Cloneable Types](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Web_Workers_API/Structured_clone_algorithm) | Simple | ✅ | ✅ | See the linked document on cloneable types |
 | `Element` | Complex | ✅ | ✅ | Prototype modifications are dropped.  Sending custom elements will not work. |
 | `Blob` | Complex | ✅ | ✅ | N/A |
+| `VideoFrame` | Complex | ✅ | ✅ | N/A |
 | `Symbol` | N/A | ❌ | ❌ | Symbols cannot be copied across contexts so they are dropped |

 If the type you care about is not in the above table, it is probably not supported.
--- a/docs/api/crash-reporter.md
+++ b/docs/api/crash-reporter.md
@@ -4,12 +4,6 @@

 Process: [Main](../glossary.md#main-process), [Renderer](../glossary.md#renderer-process)

-> [!IMPORTANT]
-> If you want to call this API from a renderer process with context isolation enabled,
-> place the API call in your preload script and
-> [expose](../tutorial/context-isolation.md#after-context-isolation-enabled) it using the
-> [`contextBridge`](context-bridge.md) API.
-
 The following is an example of setting up Electron to automatically submit
 crash reports to a remote server:

--- a/docs/api/environment-variables.md
+++ b/docs/api/environment-variables.md
@@ -186,3 +186,14 @@ the one downloaded by `npm install`. Usage:
 ```sh
 export ELECTRON_OVERRIDE_DIST_PATH=/Users/username/projects/electron/out/Testing
 ```
+
+## Set By Electron
+
+Electron sets some variables in your environment at runtime.
+
+### `ORIGINAL_XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP`
+
+This variable is set to the value of `XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP` that your application
+originally launched with.  Electron sometimes modifies the value of `XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP`
+to affect other logic within Chromium so if you want access to the _original_ value
+you should look up this environment variable instead.
--- a/docs/api/ipc-renderer.md
+++ b/docs/api/ipc-renderer.md
@@ -20,12 +20,6 @@ changes:

 Process: [Renderer](../glossary.md#renderer-process)

-> [!IMPORTANT]
-> If you want to call this API from a renderer process with context isolation enabled,
-> place the API call in your preload script and
-> [expose](../tutorial/context-isolation.md#after-context-isolation-enabled) it using the
-> [`contextBridge`](context-bridge.md) API.
-
 The `ipcRenderer` module is an  [EventEmitter][event-emitter]. It provides a few
 methods so you can send synchronous and asynchronous messages from the render
 process (web page) to the main process. You can also receive replies from the
--- a/docs/api/native-image.md
+++ b/docs/api/native-image.md
@@ -4,12 +4,6 @@

 Process: [Main](../glossary.md#main-process), [Renderer](../glossary.md#renderer-process)

-> [!IMPORTANT]
-> If you want to call this API from a renderer process with context isolation enabled,
-> place the API call in your preload script and
-> [expose](../tutorial/context-isolation.md#after-context-isolation-enabled) it using the
-> [`contextBridge`](context-bridge.md) API.
-
 The `nativeImage` module provides a unified interface for manipulating
 system images. These can be handy if you want to provide multiple scaled
 versions of the same icon or take advantage of macOS [template images][template-image].
--- a/docs/api/session.md
+++ b/docs/api/session.md
@@ -939,18 +939,14 @@ session.fromPartition('some-partition').setPermissionRequestHandler((webContents
    * `top-level-storage-access` -  Allow top-level sites to request third-party cookie access on behalf of embedded content originating from another site in the same related website set using the [Storage Access API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Storage_Access_API).
    * `usb` - Expose non-standard Universal Serial Bus (USB) compatible devices services to the web with the [WebUSB API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/WebUSB_API).
    * `deprecated-sync-clipboard-read` _Deprecated_ - Request access to run `document.execCommand("paste")`
-    * `fileSystem` - Access to read, write, and file management capabilities using the [File System API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/File_System_API).
  * `requestingOrigin` string - The origin URL of the permission check
  * `details` Object - Some properties are only available on certain permission types.
    * `embeddingOrigin` string (optional) - The origin of the frame embedding the frame that made the permission check.  Only set for cross-origin sub frames making permission checks.
    * `securityOrigin` string (optional) - The security origin of the `media` check.
    * `mediaType` string (optional) - The type of media access being requested, can be `video`,
-      `audio` or `unknown`.
+      `audio` or `unknown`
    * `requestingUrl` string (optional) - The last URL the requesting frame loaded.  This is not provided for cross-origin sub frames making permission checks.
-    * `isMainFrame` boolean - Whether the frame making the request is the main frame.
-    * `filePath` string (optional) - The path of a `fileSystem` request.
-    * `isDirectory` boolean (optional) - Whether a `fileSystem` request is a directory.
-    * `fileAccessType` string (optional) - The access type of a `fileSystem` request. Can be `writable` or `readable`.
+    * `isMainFrame` boolean - Whether the frame making the request is the main frame

 Sets the handler which can be used to respond to permission checks for the `session`.
 Returning `true` will allow the permission and `false` will reject it.  Please note that
@@ -972,9 +968,6 @@ session.fromPartition('some-partition').setPermissionCheckHandler((webContents,
 })
 ```

-> [!NOTE]
-> `isMainFrame` will always be `false` for a `fileSystem` request as a result of Chromium limitations.
-
 #### `ses.setDisplayMediaRequestHandler(handler[, opts])`

 * `handler` Function | null
--- a/docs/api/structures/base-window-options.md
+++ b/docs/api/structures/base-window-options.md
@@ -102,10 +102,9 @@
  should have rounded corners. Default is `true`. Setting this property
  to `false` will prevent the window from being fullscreenable on macOS.
  On Windows versions older than Windows 11 Build 22000 this property has no effect, and frameless windows will not have rounded corners.
-* `thickFrame` boolean (optional) _Windows_ - Use `WS_THICKFRAME` style for
-  frameless windows on Windows, which adds the standard window frame. Setting it
-  to `false` will remove window shadow and window animations, and disable window
-  resizing via dragging the window edges. Default is `true`.
+* `thickFrame` boolean (optional) - Use `WS_THICKFRAME` style for frameless windows on
+  Windows, which adds standard window frame. Setting it to `false` will remove
+  window shadow and window animations. Default is `true`.
 * `vibrancy` string (optional) _macOS_ - Add a type of vibrancy effect to
  the window, only on macOS. Can be `appearance-based`, `titlebar`, `selection`,
  `menu`, `popover`, `sidebar`, `header`, `sheet`, `window`, `hud`, `fullscreen-ui`,
--- a/docs/api/structures/color-space.md
+++ b/docs/api/structures/color-space.md
@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+# ColorSpace Object
+
+* `primaries` string - The color primaries of the color space. Can be one of the following values:
+  * `bt709` - BT709 primaries (also used for sRGB)
+  * `bt470m` - BT470M primaries
+  * `bt470bg` - BT470BG primaries
+  * `smpte170m` - SMPTE170M primaries
+  * `smpte240m` - SMPTE240M primaries
+  * `film` - Film primaries
+  * `bt2020` - BT2020 primaries
+  * `smptest428-1` - SMPTEST428-1 primaries
+  * `smptest431-2` - SMPTEST431-2 primaries
+  * `p3` - P3 primaries
+  * `xyz-d50` - XYZ D50 primaries
+  * `adobe-rgb` - Adobe RGB primaries
+  * `apple-generic-rgb` - Apple Generic RGB primaries
+  * `wide-gamut-color-spin` - Wide Gamut Color Spin primaries
+  * `ebu-3213-e` - EBU 3213-E primaries
+  * `custom` - Custom primaries
+  * `invalid` - Invalid primaries
+
+* `transfer` string - The transfer function of the color space. Can be one of the following values:
+  * `bt709` - BT709 transfer function
+  * `bt709-apple` - BT709 Apple transfer function
+  * `gamma18` - Gamma 1.8 transfer function
+  * `gamma22` - Gamma 2.2 transfer function
+  * `gamma24` - Gamma 2.4 transfer function
+  * `gamma28` - Gamma 2.8 transfer function
+  * `smpte170m` - SMPTE170M transfer function
+  * `smpte240m` - SMPTE240M transfer function
+  * `linear` - Linear transfer function
+  * `log` - Log transfer function
+  * `log-sqrt` - Log Square Root transfer function
+  * `iec61966-2-4` - IEC61966-2-4 transfer function
+  * `bt1361-ecg` - BT1361 ECG transfer function
+  * `srgb` - sRGB transfer function
+  * `bt2020-10` - BT2020-10 transfer function
+  * `bt2020-12` - BT2020-12 transfer function
+  * `pq` - PQ (Perceptual Quantizer) transfer function
+  * `smptest428-1` - SMPTEST428-1 transfer function
+  * `hlg` - HLG (Hybrid Log-Gamma) transfer function
+  * `srgb-hdr` - sRGB HDR transfer function
+  * `linear-hdr` - Linear HDR transfer function
+  * `custom` - Custom transfer function
+  * `custom-hdr` - Custom HDR transfer function
+  * `scrgb-linear-80-nits` - scRGB Linear 80 nits transfer function
+  * `invalid` - Invalid transfer function
+
+* `matrix` string - The color matrix of the color space. Can be one of the following values:
+  * `rgb` - RGB matrix
+  * `bt709` - BT709 matrix
+  * `fcc` - FCC matrix
+  * `bt470bg` - BT470BG matrix
+  * `smpte170m` - SMPTE170M matrix
+  * `smpte240m` - SMPTE240M matrix
+  * `ycocg` - YCoCg matrix
+  * `bt2020-ncl` - BT2020 NCL matrix
+  * `ydzdx` - YDzDx matrix
+  * `gbr` - GBR matrix
+  * `invalid` - Invalid matrix
+
+* `range` string - The color range of the color space. Can be one of the following values:
+  * `limited` - Limited color range (RGB values ranging from 16 to 235)
+  * `full` - Full color range (RGB values from 0 to 255)
+  * `derived` - Range defined by the transfer function and matrix
+  * `invalid` - Invalid range
+
+## Common `ColorSpace` definitions
+
+### Standard Color Spaces
+
+**sRGB**:
+
+  ```js
+  const cs = {
+    primaries: 'bt709',
+    transfer: 'srgb',
+    matrix: 'rgb',
+    range: 'full'
+  }
+  ```
+
+**Display P3**:
+
+  ```js
+  const cs = {
+    primaries: 'p3',
+    transfer: 'srgb',
+    matrix: 'rgb',
+    range: 'full'
+  }
+  ```
+
+**XYZ D50**:
+
+  ```js
+  const cs = {
+    primaries: 'xyz-d50',
+    transfer: 'linear',
+    matrix: 'rgb',
+    range: 'full'
+  }
+  ```
+
+### HDR Color Spaces
+
+**Extended sRGB** (extends sRGB to all real values):
+
+  ```js
+  const cs = {
+    primaries: 'bt709',
+    transfer: 'srgb-hdr',
+    matrix: 'rgb',
+    range: 'full'
+  }
+  ```
+
+**scRGB Linear** (linear transfer function for all real values):
+
+  ```js
+  const cs = {
+    primaries: 'bt709',
+    transfer: 'linear-hdr',
+    matrix: 'rgb',
+    range: 'full'
+  }
+  ```
+
+**scRGB Linear 80 Nits** (with an SDR white level of 80 nits):
+
+  ```js
+  const cs = {
+    primaries: 'bt709',
+    transfer: 'scrgb-linear-80-nits',
+    matrix: 'rgb',
+    range: 'full'
+  }
+  ```
+
+**HDR10** (BT.2020 primaries with PQ transfer function):
+
+  ```js
+  const cs = {
+    primaries: 'bt2020',
+    transfer: 'pq',
+    matrix: 'rgb',
+    range: 'full'
+  }
+  ```
+
+**HLG** (BT.2020 primaries with HLG transfer function):
+
+  ```js
+  const cs = {
+    primaries: 'bt2020',
+    transfer: 'hlg',
+    matrix: 'rgb',
+    range: 'full'
+  }
+  ```
+
+### Video Color Spaces
+
+**Rec. 601** (SDTV):
+
+  ```js
+  const cs = {
+    primaries: 'smpte170m',
+    transfer: 'smpte170m',
+    matrix: 'smpte170m',
+    range: 'limited'
+  }
+  ```
+
+**Rec. 709** (HDTV):
+
+  ```js
+  const cs = {
+    primaries: 'bt709',
+    transfer: 'bt709',
+    matrix: 'bt709',
+    range: 'limited'
+  }
+  ```
+
+**JPEG** (typical color space for JPEG images):
+
+  ```js
+  const cs = {
+    primaries: 'bt709',
+    transfer: 'srgb',
+    matrix: 'smpte170m',
+    range: 'full'
+  }
+  ```
--- a/docs/api/structures/offscreen-shared-texture.md
+++ b/docs/api/structures/offscreen-shared-texture.md
@@ -4,7 +4,8 @@
  * `widgetType` string - The widget type of the texture. Can be `popup` or `frame`.
  * `pixelFormat` string - The pixel format of the texture. Can be `rgba` or `bgra`.
  * `codedSize` [Size](size.md) - The full dimensions of the video frame.
-  * `visibleRect` [Rectangle](rectangle.md) - A subsection of [0, 0, codedSize.width(), codedSize.height()]. In OSR case, it is expected to have the full section area.
+  * `colorSpace` [ColorSpace](color-space.md) - The color space of the video frame.
+  * `visibleRect` [Rectangle](rectangle.md) - A subsection of [0, 0, codedSize.width, codedSize.height]. In OSR case, it is expected to have the full section area.
  * `contentRect` [Rectangle](rectangle.md) - The region of the video frame that capturer would like to populate. In OSR case, it is the same with `dirtyRect` that needs to be painted.
  * `timestamp` number - The time in microseconds since the capture start.
  * `metadata` Object - Extra metadata. See comments in src\media\base\video_frame_metadata.h for accurate details.
@@ -12,13 +13,6 @@
    * `regionCaptureRect` [Rectangle](rectangle.md) (optional) - May reflect the frame's contents origin if region capture is used internally.
    * `sourceSize` [Rectangle](rectangle.md) (optional) - Full size of the source frame.
    * `frameCount` number (optional) - The increasing count of captured frame. May contain gaps if frames are dropped between two consecutively received frames.
-  * `sharedTextureHandle` Buffer _Windows_ _macOS_ - The handle to the shared texture.
-  * `planes` Object[] _Linux_ - Each plane's info of the shared texture.
-    * `stride` number - The strides and offsets in bytes to be used when accessing the buffers via a memory mapping. One per plane per entry.
-    * `offset` number - The strides and offsets in bytes to be used when accessing the buffers via a memory mapping. One per plane per entry.
-    * `size` number - Size in bytes of the plane. This is necessary to map the buffers.
-    * `fd` number - File descriptor for the underlying memory object (usually dmabuf).
-  * `modifier` string _Linux_ - The modifier is retrieved from GBM library and passed to EGL driver.
+  * `handle` [SharedTextureHandle](shared-texture-handle.md) - The shared texture handle data.
 * `release` Function - Release the resources. The `texture` cannot be directly passed to another process, users need to maintain texture lifecycles in
-  main process, but it is safe to pass the `textureInfo` to another process. Only a limited number of textures can exist at the same time, so it's important
-  that you call `texture.release()` as soon as you're done with the texture.
+  main process, but it is safe to pass the `textureInfo` to another process. Only a limited number of textures can exist at the same time, so it's important that you call `texture.release()` as soon as you're done with the texture.
--- a/docs/api/structures/shared-texture-handle.md
+++ b/docs/api/structures/shared-texture-handle.md
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# SharedTextureHandle Object
+
+* `ntHandle` Buffer (optional) _Windows_ - NT HANDLE holds the shared texture. Note that this NT HANDLE is local to current process.
+* `ioSurface` Buffer (optional) _macOS_ - IOSurfaceRef holds the shared texture. Note that this IOSurface is local to current process (not global).
+* `nativePixmap` Object (optional) _Linux_ - Structure contains planes of shared texture.
+  * `planes` Object[] _Linux_ - Each plane's info of the shared texture.
+    * `stride` number - The strides and offsets in bytes to be used when accessing the buffers via a memory mapping. One per plane per entry.
+    * `offset` number - The strides and offsets in bytes to be used when accessing the buffers via a memory mapping. One per plane per entry.
+    * `size` number - Size in bytes of the plane. This is necessary to map the buffers.
+    * `fd` number - File descriptor for the underlying memory object (usually dmabuf).
+  * `modifier` string _Linux_ - The modifier is retrieved from GBM library and passed to EGL driver.
+  * `supportsZeroCopyWebGpuImport` boolean _Linux_ - Indicates whether supports zero copy import to WebGPU.
--- a/docs/api/structures/usb-device.md
+++ b/docs/api/structures/usb-device.md
@@ -1,17 +1,35 @@
 # USBDevice Object

+* `configuration` Object (optional) - A [USBConfiguration](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/USBConfiguration) object containing information about the currently selected configuration of a USB device.
+  * `configurationValue` Integer - the configuration value of this configuration.
+  * `configurationName` string - the name provided by the device to describe this configuration.
+  * `interfaces` Object[] - An array of [USBInterface](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/USBInterface) objects containing information about an interface provided by the USB device.
+    * `interfaceNumber` Integer - the interface number of this interface.
+    * `alternate` Object - the currently selected alternative configuration of this interface.
+      * `alternateSetting` Integer - the alternate setting number of this interface.
+      * `interfaceClass` Integer - the class of this interface. See [USB.org](https://www.usb.org/defined-class-codes) for class code descriptions.
+      * `interfaceSubclass` Integer - the subclass of this interface.
+      * `interfaceProtocol` Integer - the protocol supported by this interface.
+      * `interfaceName` string (optional) - the name of the interface, if one is provided by the device.
+      * `endpoints` Object[] - an array containing instances of the [USBEndpoint interface](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/USBEndpoint) describing each of the endpoints that are part of this interface.
+        * `endpointNumber` Integer - this endpoint's "endpoint number" which is a value from 1 to 15.
+        * `direction` string - the direction in which this endpoint transfers data - can be either 'in' or 'out'.
+        * `type` string - the type of this endpoint - can be either 'bulk', 'interrupt', or 'isochronous'.
+        * `packetSize` Integer - the size of the packets that data sent through this endpoint will be divided into.
+    * `alternates` Object[] - an array containing instances of the [USBAlternateInterface](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/USBAlternateInterface) interface describing each of the alternative configurations possible for this interface.
+* `configurations` Object[] - An array of [USBConfiguration](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/USBConfiguration) interfaces for controlling a paired USB device.
+* `deviceClass` Integer - The device class for the communication interface supported by the device.
 * `deviceId` string - Unique identifier for the device.
-* `vendorId` Integer - The USB vendor ID.
-* `productId` Integer - The USB product ID.
-* `productName` string (optional) - Name of the device.
-* `serialNumber` string (optional) - The USB device serial number.
-* `manufacturerName` string (optional) - The manufacturer name of the device.
-* `usbVersionMajor` Integer - The USB protocol major version supported by the device
-* `usbVersionMinor` Integer - The USB protocol minor version supported by the device
-* `usbVersionSubminor` Integer - The USB protocol subminor version supported by the device
-* `deviceClass` Integer - The device class for the communication interface supported by the device
-* `deviceSubclass` Integer - The device subclass for the communication interface supported by the device
-* `deviceProtocol` Integer - The device protocol for the communication interface supported by the device
+* `deviceProtocol` Integer - The device protocol for the communication interface supported by the device.
+* `deviceSubclass` Integer - The device subclass for the communication interface supported by the device.
 * `deviceVersionMajor` Integer - The major version number of the device as defined by the device manufacturer.
 * `deviceVersionMinor` Integer - The minor version number of the device as defined by the device manufacturer.
 * `deviceVersionSubminor` Integer - The subminor version number of the device as defined by the device manufacturer.
+* `manufacturerName` string (optional) - The manufacturer name of the device.
+* `productId` Integer - The USB product ID.
+* `productName` string (optional) - Name of the device.
+* `serialNumber` string (optional) - The USB device serial number.
+* `usbVersionMajor` Integer - The USB protocol major version supported by the device.
+* `usbVersionMinor` Integer - The USB protocol minor version supported by the device.
+* `usbVersionSubminor` Integer - The USB protocol subminor version supported by the device.
+* `vendorId` Integer - The USB vendor ID.
--- a/docs/api/structures/web-preferences.md
+++ b/docs/api/structures/web-preferences.md
@@ -21,9 +21,7 @@
  associated with the window, making it compatible with the Chromium
  OS-level sandbox and disabling the Node.js engine. This is not the same as
  the `nodeIntegration` option and the APIs available to the preload script
-  are more limited. Default is `true` since Electron 20. The sandbox will
-  automatically be disabled when `nodeIntegration` is set to `true`.
-  Read more about the option [here](../../tutorial/sandbox.md).
+  are more limited. Read more about the option [here](../../tutorial/sandbox.md).
 * `session` [Session](../session.md#class-session) (optional) - Sets the session used by the
  page. Instead of passing the Session object directly, you can also choose to
  use the `partition` option instead, which accepts a partition string. When
--- a/docs/api/web-frame.md
+++ b/docs/api/web-frame.md
@@ -4,12 +4,6 @@

 Process: [Renderer](../glossary.md#renderer-process)

-> [!IMPORTANT]
-> If you want to call this API from a renderer process with context isolation enabled,
-> place the API call in your preload script and
-> [expose](../tutorial/context-isolation.md#after-context-isolation-enabled) it using the
-> [`contextBridge`](context-bridge.md) API.
-
 `webFrame` export of the Electron module is an instance of the `WebFrame`
 class representing the current frame. Sub-frames can be retrieved by
 certain properties and methods (e.g. `webFrame.firstChild`).
@@ -145,7 +139,7 @@ by its key, which is returned from `webFrame.insertCSS(css)`.

 Inserts `text` to the focused element.

-### `webFrame.executeJavaScript(code[, userGesture][, callback])`
+### `webFrame.executeJavaScript(code[, userGesture, callback])`

 * `code` string
 * `userGesture` boolean (optional) - Default is `false`.
@@ -166,7 +160,7 @@ In the browser window some HTML APIs like `requestFullScreen` can only be
 invoked by a gesture from the user. Setting `userGesture` to `true` will remove
 this limitation.

-### `webFrame.executeJavaScriptInIsolatedWorld(worldId, scripts[, userGesture][, callback])`
+### `webFrame.executeJavaScriptInIsolatedWorld(worldId, scripts[, userGesture, callback])`

 * `worldId` Integer - The ID of the world to run the javascript
            in, `0` is the default main world (where content runs), `999` is the
--- a/docs/api/web-utils.md
+++ b/docs/api/web-utils.md
@@ -4,12 +4,6 @@

 Process: [Renderer](../glossary.md#renderer-process)

-> [!IMPORTANT]
-> If you want to call this API from a renderer process with context isolation enabled,
-> place the API call in your preload script and
-> [expose](../tutorial/context-isolation.md#after-context-isolation-enabled) it using the
-> [`contextBridge`](context-bridge.md) API.
-
 ## Methods

 The `webUtils` module has the following methods:
@@ -23,27 +17,11 @@ Returns `string` - The file system path that this `File` object points to. In th
 This method superseded the previous augmentation to the `File` object with the `path` property.  An example is included below.

 ```js @ts-nocheck
-// Before (renderer)
-const oldPath = document.querySelector('input[type=file]').files[0].path
-```
+// Before
+const oldPath = document.querySelector('input').files[0].path

-```js @ts-nocheck
 // After
+const { webUtils } = require('electron')

-// Renderer:
-
-const file = document.querySelector('input[type=file]').files[0]
-electronApi.doSomethingWithFile(file)
-
-// Preload script:
-
-const { contextBridge, webUtils } = require('electron')
-
-contextBridge.exposeInMainWorld('electronApi', {
-  doSomethingWithFile (file) {
-    const path = webUtils.getPathForFile(file)
-    // Do something with the path, e.g., send it over IPC to the main process.
-    // It's best not to expose the full file path to the web content if possible.
-  }
-})
+const newPath = webUtils.getPathForFile(document.querySelector('input').files[0])
 ```
--- a/docs/api/window-open.md
+++ b/docs/api/window-open.md
@@ -39,8 +39,8 @@ consider using `webContents.setWindowOpenHandler` to customize the
 BrowserWindow creation.

 A subset of [`WebPreferences`](structures/web-preferences.md) can be set directly,
-unnested, from the features string: `zoomFactor`, `nodeIntegration`, `javascript`,
-`contextIsolation`, and `webviewTag`.
+unnested, from the features string: `zoomFactor`, `nodeIntegration`, `preload`,
+`javascript`, `contextIsolation`, and `webviewTag`.

 For example:

--- a/docs/breaking-changes.md
+++ b/docs/breaking-changes.md
@@ -12,19 +12,44 @@ This document uses the following convention to categorize breaking changes:
 * **Deprecated:** An API was marked as deprecated. The API will continue to function, but will emit a deprecation warning, and will be removed in a future release.
 * **Removed:** An API or feature was removed, and is no longer supported by Electron.

+## Planned Breaking API Changes (39.0)
+
+### Deprecated: `--host-rules` command line switch
+
+Chromium is deprecating the `--host-rules` switch.
+
+You should use `--host-resolver-rules` instead.
+
+### Behavior Changed: window.open popups are always resizable
+
+Per current [WHATWG spec](https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/nav-history-apis.html#dom-open-dev), the `window.open` API will now always create a resizable popup window.
+
+To restore previous behavior:
+
+```js
+webContents.setWindowOpenHandler((details) => {
+  return {
+    action: 'allow',
+    overrideBrowserWindowOptions: {
+      resizable: details.features.includes('resizable=yes')
+    }
+  }
+})
+```
+
+### Behavior Changed: shared texture OSR `paint` event data structure
+
+When using shared texture offscreen rendering feature, the `paint` event now emits a more structured object.
+It moves the `sharedTextureHandle`, `planes`, `modifier` into a unified `handle` property.
+See [here](https://www.electronjs.org/docs/latest/api/structures/offscreen-shared-texture) for more details.
+
 ## Planned Breaking API Changes (38.0)

 ### Removed: `ELECTRON_OZONE_PLATFORM_HINT` environment variable

-The default value of the `--ozone-platform` flag [changed to `auto`](https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/c/chromium/src/+/6775426).
+The default value of the `--ozone-plaftform` flag [changed to `auto`](https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/c/chromium/src/+/6775426).

-Electron now defaults to running as a native Wayland app when launched in a Wayland session (when `XDG_SESSION_TYPE=wayland`).
-Users can force XWayland by passing `--ozone-platform=x11`.
-
-### Removed: `ORIGINAL_XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP` environment variable
-
-Previously, Electron changed the value of `XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP` internally to `Unity`, and stored the original name of the desktop session
-in a separate variable. `XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP` is no longer overriden and now reflects the actual desktop environment.
+You should use the `XDG_SESSION_TYPE=wayland` environment variable instead to use Wayland.

 ### Removed: macOS 11 support

--- a/docs/faq.md
+++ b/docs/faq.md
@@ -12,28 +12,19 @@ network problems. The best resolution is to try switching networks, or
 wait a bit and try installing again.

 You can also attempt to download Electron directly from
-[GitHub Releases](https://github.com/electron/electron/releases)
+[electron/electron/releases](https://github.com/electron/electron/releases)
 if installing via `npm` is failing.

-If you need to install Electron through a custom mirror or proxy, see
-the [Advanced Installation](./tutorial/installation.md) documentation for more details.
+## When will Electron upgrade to latest Chrome?

-## How are Electron binaries downloaded?
+The Chrome version of Electron is usually bumped within one or two weeks after
+a new stable Chrome version gets released. This estimate is not guaranteed and
+depends on the amount of work involved with upgrading.

-When you run `npm install electron`, the Electron binary for the corresponding version is downloaded
-into your project's `node_modules` folder via npm's `postinstall` lifecycle script.
+Only the stable channel of Chrome is used. If an important fix is in beta or dev
+channel, we will back-port it.

-This logic is handled by the [`@electron/get`](https://github.com/electron/get) utility package
-under the hood.
-
-## When will Electron upgrade to latest Chromium?
-
-Every new major version of Electron releases with a Chromium major version upgrade. By releasing every
-8 weeks, Electron is able to pull in every other major Chromium release on the very same day that it
-releases upstream. Security fixes will be backported to stable release channels ahead of time.
-
-See the [Electron Releases](./tutorial/electron-timelines.md) documentation for more details or
-[releases.electronjs.org](https://releases.electronjs.org) to see our Release Status dashboard.
+For more information, please see the [security introduction](tutorial/security.md).

 ## When will Electron upgrade to latest Node.js?

--- a/docs/tutorial/asar-integrity.md
+++ b/docs/tutorial/asar-integrity.md
@@ -64,10 +64,13 @@ flipFuses(
 )
 ```

-> [!TIP]
-> With Electron Forge, you can configure your app's fuses with
-> [@electron-forge/plugin-fuses](https://www.electronforge.io/config/plugins/fuses)
-> in your Forge configuration file.
+:::tip Fuses in Electron Forge
+
+With Electron Forge, you can configure your app's fuses with
+[@electron-forge/plugin-fuses](https://www.electronforge.io/config/plugins/fuses)
+in your Forge configuration file.
+
+:::

 ## Providing the header hash

@@ -106,7 +109,7 @@ Valid `algorithm` values are currently `SHA256` only. The `hash` is a hash of th
 The `@electron/asar` package exposes a `getRawHeader` method whose result can then be hashed to generate this value
 (e.g. using the [`node:crypto`](https://nodejs.org/api/crypto.html) module).

-#### Windows
+### Windows

 When packaging for Windows, you must populate a valid [resource](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/menurc/resources)
 entry of type `Integrity` and name `ElectronAsar`. The value of this resource should be a JSON encoded dictionary
@@ -122,6 +125,9 @@ in the form included below:
 ]
 ```

-> [!NOTE]
-> For an implementation example, see [`src/resedit.ts`](https://github.com/electron/packager/blob/main/src/resedit.ts)
-> in the Electron Packager code.
+:::info
+
+For an implementation example, see [`src/resedit.ts`](https://github.com/electron/packager/blob/main/src/resedit.ts)
+in the Electron Packager code.
+
+:::
--- a/docs/tutorial/automated-testing.md
+++ b/docs/tutorial/automated-testing.md
@@ -74,46 +74,22 @@ describe('keyboard input', () => {
 Furthermore, WebdriverIO allows you to access Electron APIs to get static information about your application:

 ```js @ts-nocheck
-import { browser, $, expect } from '@wdio/globals'
+import { browser } from '@wdio/globals'

-describe('when the make smaller button is clicked', () => {
-  it('should decrease the window height and width by 10 pixels', async () => {
-    const boundsBefore = await browser.electron.browserWindow('getBounds')
-    expect(boundsBefore.width).toEqual(210)
-    expect(boundsBefore.height).toEqual(310)
-
-    await $('.make-smaller').click()
-    const boundsAfter = await browser.electron.browserWindow('getBounds')
-    expect(boundsAfter.width).toEqual(200)
-    expect(boundsAfter.height).toEqual(300)
-  })
-})
-```
-
-or to retrieve other Electron process information:
-
-```js @ts-nocheck
-import fs from 'node:fs'
-import path from 'node:path'
-
-import { browser, expect } from '@wdio/globals'
-
-const packageJson = JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(path.join(__dirname, '..', 'package.json'), { encoding: 'utf-8' }))
-const { name, version } = packageJson
-
-describe('electron APIs', () => {
-  it('should retrieve app metadata through the electron API', async () => {
-    const appName = await browser.electron.app('getName')
-    expect(appName).toEqual(name)
-    const appVersion = await browser.electron.app('getVersion')
-    expect(appVersion).toEqual(version)
-  })
-
-  it('should pass args through to the launched application', async () => {
-    // custom args are set in the wdio.conf.js file as they need to be set before WDIO starts
-    const argv = await browser.electron.mainProcess('argv')
-    expect(argv).toContain('--foo')
-    expect(argv).toContain('--bar=baz')
+describe('trigger message modal', async () => {
+  it('message modal can be triggered from a test', async () => {
+    await browser.electron.execute(
+      (electron, param1, param2, param3) => {
+        const appWindow = electron.BrowserWindow.getFocusedWindow()
+        electron.dialog.showMessageBox(appWindow, {
+          message: 'Hello World!',
+          detail: `${param1} + ${param2} + ${param3} = ${param1 + param2 + param3}`
+        })
+      },
+      1,
+      2,
+      3
+    )
  })
 })
 ```
@@ -206,7 +182,7 @@ npm install --save-dev @playwright/test
 ```

 :::caution Dependencies
-This tutorial was written with `@playwright/test@1.41.1`. Check out
+This tutorial was written with `@playwright/test@1.52.0`. Check out
 [Playwright's releases][playwright-releases] page to learn about
 changes that might affect the code below.
 :::
@@ -218,10 +194,10 @@ To point this API to your Electron app, you can pass the path to your main proce
 entry point (here, it is `main.js`).

 ```js {5} @ts-nocheck
-const { test, _electron: electron } = require('@playwright/test')
+import { test, _electron as electron } from '@playwright/test'

 test('launch app', async () => {
-  const electronApp = await electron.launch({ args: ['main.js'] })
+  const electronApp = await electron.launch({ args: ['.'] })
  // close app
  await electronApp.close()
 })
@@ -231,10 +207,10 @@ After that, you will access to an instance of Playwright's `ElectronApp` class.
 is a powerful class that has access to main process modules for example:

 ```js {5-10} @ts-nocheck
-const { test, _electron: electron } = require('@playwright/test')
+import { test, _electron as electron } from '@playwright/test'

 test('get isPackaged', async () => {
-  const electronApp = await electron.launch({ args: ['main.js'] })
+  const electronApp = await electron.launch({ args: ['.'] })
  const isPackaged = await electronApp.evaluate(async ({ app }) => {
    // This runs in Electron's main process, parameter here is always
    // the result of the require('electron') in the main app script.
@@ -250,10 +226,10 @@ It can also create individual [Page][playwright-page] objects from Electron Brow
 For example, to grab the first BrowserWindow and save a screenshot:

 ```js {6-7} @ts-nocheck
-const { test, _electron: electron } = require('@playwright/test')
+import { test, _electron as electron } from '@playwright/test'

 test('save screenshot', async () => {
-  const electronApp = await electron.launch({ args: ['main.js'] })
+  const electronApp = await electron.launch({ args: ['.'] })
  const window = await electronApp.firstWindow()
  await window.screenshot({ path: 'intro.png' })
  // close app
@@ -265,7 +241,7 @@ Putting all this together using the Playwright test-runner, let's create a `exam
 test file with a single test and assertion:

 ```js title='example.spec.js' @ts-nocheck
-const { test, expect, _electron: electron } = require('@playwright/test')
+import { test, expect, _electron as electron } from '@playwright/test'

 test('example test', async () => {
  const electronApp = await electron.launch({ args: ['.'] })
--- a/docs/tutorial/code-signing.md
+++ b/docs/tutorial/code-signing.md
@@ -233,10 +233,10 @@ can find [its documentation here](https://www.electron.build/code-signing).
 [Azure Trusted Signing][] is Microsoft's modern cloud-based alternative to EV certificates.
 It is the cheapest option for code signing on Windows, and it gets rid of SmartScreen warnings.

-As of October 2025, Azure Trusted Signing is available to US and Canada-based organizations
-with 3+ years of verifiable business history and to individual developers in the US and Canada.
-Microsoft is looking to make the program more widely available. If you're reading this at a
-later point, it could make sense to check if the eligibility criteria have changed.
+As of May 2025, Azure Trusted Signing is [available][trusted-signing-availability] to US and
+Canada-based organizations with 3+ years of verifiable business history. Microsoft is looking
+to make the program more widely available. If you're reading this at a later point, it could
+make sense to check if the eligibility criteria have changed.

 #### Using Electron Forge

@@ -267,5 +267,6 @@ See the [Windows Store Guide][].
 [maker-squirrel]: https://www.electronforge.io/config/makers/squirrel.windows
 [maker-msi]: https://www.electronforge.io/config/makers/wix-msi
 [azure trusted signing]: https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/trusted-signing
+[trusted-signing-availability]: https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/blog/microsoft-security-blog/trusted-signing-public-preview-update/4399713
 [forge-trusted-signing]: https://www.electronforge.io/guides/code-signing/code-signing-windows#using-azure-trusted-signing
 [builder-trusted-signing]: https://www.electron.build/code-signing-win#using-azure-trusted-signing-beta
--- a/docs/tutorial/electron-timelines.md
+++ b/docs/tutorial/electron-timelines.md
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ check out our [Electron Versioning](./electron-versioning.md) doc.
 | 38.0.0 |  2025-Jun-26 | 2025-Aug-06 | 2025-Sep-02 | 2026-Mar-10 | M140 | v22.18 | ✅ |
 | 37.0.0 |  2025-May-01 | 2025-May-28 | 2025-Jun-24 | 2026-Jan-13 | M138 | v22.16 | ✅ |
 | 36.0.0 |  2025-Mar-06 | 2025-Apr-02 | 2025-Apr-29 | 2025-Oct-28 | M136 | v22.14 | ✅ |
-| 35.0.0 |  2025-Jan-16 | 2025-Feb-05 | 2025-Mar-04 | 2025-Sep-02 | M134 | v22.14 | 🚫 |
+| 35.0.0 |  2025-Jan-16 | 2025-Feb-05 | 2025-Mar-04 | 2025-Sep-02 | M134 | v22.14 | ✅ |
 | 34.0.0 |  2024-Oct-17 | 2024-Nov-13 | 2025-Jan-14 | 2025-Jun-24 | M132 | v20.18 | 🚫 |
 | 33.0.0 |  2024-Aug-22 | 2024-Sep-18 | 2024-Oct-15 | 2025-Apr-29 | M130 | v20.18 | 🚫 |
 | 32.0.0 |  2024-Jun-14 | 2024-Jul-24 | 2024-Aug-20 | 2025-Mar-04 | M128 | v20.16 | 🚫 |
--- a/docs/tutorial/esm.md
+++ b/docs/tutorial/esm.md
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ This table gives a general overview of where ESM is supported and which ESM load
 | Main                 | Node.js    | N/A                   | <ul><li> [You must use `await` generously before the app's `ready` event](#you-must-use-await-generously-before-the-apps-ready-event) </li></ul> |
 | Renderer (Sandboxed) | Chromium   | Unsupported           | <ul><li> [Sandboxed preload scripts can't use ESM imports](#sandboxed-preload-scripts-cant-use-esm-imports) </li></ul> |
 | Renderer (Unsandboxed & Context Isolated) | Chromium | Node.js | <ul><li> [Unsandboxed ESM preload scripts will run after page load on pages with no content](#unsandboxed-esm-preload-scripts-will-run-after-page-load-on-pages-with-no-content) </li> <li>[ESM Preload Scripts must have the `.mjs` extension](#esm-preload-scripts-must-have-the-mjs-extension)</li></ul> |
-| Renderer (Unsandboxed & Non Context Isolated) | Chromium | Node.js | <ul><li>[Unsandboxed ESM preload scripts will run after page load on pages with no content](#unsandboxed-esm-preload-scripts-will-run-after-page-load-on-pages-with-no-content)</li><li>[ESM Preload Scripts must have the `.mjs` extension](#esm-preload-scripts-must-have-the-mjs-extension)</li></ul> |
+| Renderer (Unsandboxed & Non Context Isolated) | Chromium | Node.js | <ul><li>[Unsandboxed ESM preload scripts will run after page load on pages with no content](#unsandboxed-esm-preload-scripts-will-run-after-page-load-on-pages-with-no-content)</li><li>[ESM Preload Scripts must have the `.mjs` extension](#esm-preload-scripts-must-have-the-mjs-extension)</li><li>[ESM preload scripts must be context isolated to use dynamic Node.js ESM imports](#esm-preload-scripts-must-be-context-isolated-to-use-dynamic-nodejs-esm-imports)</li></ul> |

 ## Main process

--- a/docs/tutorial/installation.md
+++ b/docs/tutorial/installation.md
@@ -26,12 +26,12 @@ any dependencies in your app will not be installed.

 ## Customization

-If you want to change the architecture that is downloaded (e.g., `x64` on an
-`arm64` machine), you can use the `--arch` flag with npm install or set the
+If you want to change the architecture that is downloaded (e.g., `ia32` on an
+`x64` machine), you can use the `--arch` flag with npm install or set the
 `npm_config_arch` environment variable:

 ```shell
-npm install --arch=x64 electron
+npm install --arch=ia32 electron
 ```

 In addition to changing the architecture, you can also specify the platform
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ where `$VERSION` is the exact version of Electron).
 If you are unable to access GitHub or you need to provide a custom build, you
 can do so by either providing a mirror or an existing cache directory.

-### Mirror
+#### Mirror

 You can use environment variables to override the base URL, the path at which to
 look for Electron binaries, and the binary filename. The URL used by `@electron/get`
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ Electron release you may have to set `electron_use_remote_checksums=1` directly,
 or configure it in a `.npmrc` file, to force Electron to use the remote `SHASUMS256.txt`
 file to verify the checksum instead of the embedded checksums.

-### Cache
+#### Cache

 Alternatively, you can override the local cache. `@electron/get` will cache
 downloaded binaries in a local directory to not stress your network. You can use
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ The cache contains the version's official zip file as well as a checksum, and is
 │   └── electron-v15.3.1-darwin-x64.zip
 ```

-## Postinstall script
+## Skip binary download

 Under the hood, Electron's JavaScript API binds to a binary that contains its
 implementations. Because this binary is crucial to the function of any Electron app,
--- a/docs/tutorial/online-offline-events.md
+++ b/docs/tutorial/online-offline-events.md
@@ -2,15 +2,15 @@

 ## Overview

-Online and offline event detection can be implemented in both the main and renderer processes:
-
- **Renderer process**: Use the [`navigator.onLine`](http://html5index.org/Offline%20-%20NavigatorOnLine.html) attribute and [online/offline events](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Online_and_offline_events), part of standard HTML5 API.
- **Main process**: Use the [`net.isOnline()`](../api/net.md#netisonline) method or the [`net.online`](../api/net.md#netonline-readonly) property.
+[Online and offline event](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Online_and_offline_events)
+detection can be implemented in the Renderer process using the
+[`navigator.onLine`](http://html5index.org/Offline%20-%20NavigatorOnLine.html)
+attribute, part of standard HTML5 API.

 The `navigator.onLine` attribute returns:

- `false` if all network requests are guaranteed to fail (e.g. when disconnected from the network).
- `true` in all other cases.
+* `false` if all network requests are guaranteed to fail (e.g. when disconnected from the network).
+* `true` in all other cases.

 Since many cases return `true`, you should treat with care situations of
 getting false positives, as we cannot always assume that `true` value means
@@ -19,27 +19,7 @@ is running a virtualization software that has virtual Ethernet adapters in "alwa
 connected" state. Therefore, if you want to determine the Internet access
 status of Electron, you should develop additional means for this check.

-## Main Process Detection
-
-In the main process, you can use the `net` module to detect online/offline status:
-
-```js
-const { net } = require('electron')
-
-// Method 1: Using net.isOnline()
-const isOnline = net.isOnline()
-console.log('Online status:', isOnline)
-
-// Method 2: Using net.online property
-console.log('Online status:', net.online)
-```
-
-Both `net.isOnline()` and `net.online` return the same boolean value with the same reliability characteristics as `navigator.onLine` - they provide a strong indicator when offline (`false`), but a `true` value doesn't guarantee successful internet connectivity.
-
-> [!NOTE]
-> The `net` module is only available after the app emits the `ready` event.
-
-## Renderer Process Example
+## Example

 Starting with an HTML file `index.html`, this example will demonstrate how the `navigator.onLine` API can be used to build a connection status indicator.

@@ -104,4 +84,4 @@ After launching the Electron application, you should see the notification:
 ![Connection status](../images/connection-status.png)

 > [!NOTE]
-> If you need to check the connection status in the main process, you can use [`net.isOnline()`](../api/net.md#netisonline) directly instead of communicating from the renderer process via [IPC](../api/ipc-renderer.md).
+> If you need to communicate the connection status to the main process, use the [IPC renderer](../api/ipc-renderer.md) API.
--- a/docs/tutorial/sandbox.md
+++ b/docs/tutorial/sandbox.md
@@ -13,13 +13,7 @@ the GPU service and the network service.
 See Chromium's [Sandbox design document][sandbox] for more information.

 Starting from Electron 20, the sandbox is enabled for renderer processes without any
-further configuration.
-
-Sandboxing is tied to Node.js integration. _Enabling Node.js integration_ for a
-renderer process by setting `nodeIntegration: true` _disables the sandbox_ for the
-process.
-
-If you want to disable the sandbox for a process, see the
+further configuration. If you want to disable the sandbox for a process, see the
 [Disabling the sandbox for a single process](#disabling-the-sandbox-for-a-single-process)
 section.

@@ -104,8 +98,7 @@ app.whenReady().then(() => {
 ```

 Sandboxing is also disabled whenever Node.js integration is enabled in the renderer.
-This can be done through the BrowserWindow constructor with the `nodeIntegration: true` flag
-or by providing the respective HTML boolean attribute for a `webview`.
+This can be done through the BrowserWindow constructor with the `nodeIntegration: true` flag.

 ```js title='main.js'
 app.whenReady().then(() => {
@@ -118,10 +111,6 @@ app.whenReady().then(() => {
 })
 ```

-```html title='index.html (Renderer Process)'
-<webview nodeIntegration src="page.html"></webview>
-```
-
 ### Enabling the sandbox globally

 If you want to force sandboxing for all renderers, you can also use the
--- a/docs/tutorial/security.md
+++ b/docs/tutorial/security.md
@@ -244,10 +244,6 @@ to enable this behavior.
 Even when `nodeIntegration: false` is used, to truly enforce strong isolation
 and prevent the use of Node primitives `contextIsolation` **must** also be used.

-Beware that _disabling context isolation_ for a renderer process by setting
-`nodeIntegration: true` _also disables process sandboxing_ for that process.
-See section below.
-
 :::info
 For more information on what `contextIsolation` is and how to enable it please
 see our dedicated [Context Isolation](context-isolation.md) document.
@@ -255,16 +251,6 @@ see our dedicated [Context Isolation](context-isolation.md) document.

 ### 4. Enable process sandboxing

-:::info
-This recommendation is the default behavior in Electron since 20.0.0.
-
-Additionally, process sandboxing can be enforced for all renderer processes
-application wide: [Enabling the sandbox globally](sandbox.md#enabling-the-sandbox-globally)
-
-_Disabling context isolation_ (see above) _also disables process sandboxing_,
-regardless of the default, `sandbox: false` or globally enabled sandboxing!
-:::
-
 [Sandboxing](https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/HEAD/docs/design/sandbox.md)
 is a Chromium feature that uses the operating system to
 significantly limit what renderer processes have access to. You should enable
--- a/docs/tutorial/tutorial-2-first-app.md
+++ b/docs/tutorial/tutorial-2-first-app.md
@@ -55,27 +55,14 @@ There are a few rules to follow for the purposes of this tutorial:
 - _author_, _license_, and _description_ can be any value, but will be necessary for
  [packaging][packaging] later on.

-:::caution Install dependencies with a regular `node_modules` folder
-
-Electron's packaging toolchain requires the `node_modules` folder to be physically on disk in the
-way that npm installs Node dependencies. By default, [Yarn Berry](https://yarnpkg.com/) and
-[pnpm](http://pnpm.io/) both use alternative installation strategies.
-
-Therefore, you must set [`nodeLinker: node-modules`](https://yarnpkg.com/configuration/yarnrc#nodeLinker)
-in Yarn or [`nodeLinker: hoisted`](https://pnpm.io/settings#nodelinker) in pnpm if you are using
-those package managers.
-
-:::
-
 Then, install Electron into your app's **devDependencies**, which is the list of external
 development-only package dependencies not required in production.

-:::info Why is Electron a dev dependency?
+:::info Why is Electron a devDependency?

-This may seem counter-intuitive since your production code is running Electron APIs. Under the hood,
-Electron's JavaScript API binds to a binary that contains its implementations. The packaging step for
-Electron handles the bundling of this binary, eliminating the need to specify it as a production
-dependency.
+This may seem counter-intuitive since your production code is running Electron APIs.
+However, packaged apps will come bundled with the Electron binary, eliminating the need to specify
+it as a production dependency.

 :::

@@ -83,17 +70,6 @@ dependency.
 npm install electron --save-dev
 ```

-:::warning
-
-In order to correctly install Electron, you need to ensure that its `postinstall` lifecycle
-script is able to run. This means avoiding the `--ignore-scripts` flag on npm and allowlisting
-`electron` to run build scripts on other package managers.
-
-This is likely to change in a future version of Electron. See
-[electron/rfcs#22](https://github.com/electron/rfcs/pull/22) for more details.
-
-:::
-
 Your package.json file should look something like this after initializing your package
 and installing Electron. You should also now have a `node_modules` folder containing
 the Electron executable, as well as a `package-lock.json` lockfile that specifies
--- a/filenames.auto.gni
+++ b/filenames.auto.gni
@@ -82,6 +82,7 @@ auto_filenames = {
    "docs/api/structures/browser-window-options.md",
    "docs/api/structures/certificate-principal.md",
    "docs/api/structures/certificate.md",
+    "docs/api/structures/color-space.md",
    "docs/api/structures/cookie.md",
    "docs/api/structures/cpu-usage.md",
    "docs/api/structures/crash-report.md",
@@ -143,6 +144,7 @@ auto_filenames = {
    "docs/api/structures/service-worker-info.md",
    "docs/api/structures/shared-dictionary-info.md",
    "docs/api/structures/shared-dictionary-usage-info.md",
+    "docs/api/structures/shared-texture-handle.md",
    "docs/api/structures/shared-worker-info.md",
    "docs/api/structures/sharing-item.md",
    "docs/api/structures/shortcut-details.md",
--- a/lib/browser/api/app.ts
+++ b/lib/browser/api/app.ts
@@ -1,11 +1,14 @@
 import { Menu } from 'electron/main';

+import { EventEmitter } from 'events';
 import * as fs from 'fs';

 const bindings = process._linkedBinding('electron_browser_app');
 const commandLine = process._linkedBinding('electron_common_command_line');
 const { app } = bindings;

+Object.setPrototypeOf(app, EventEmitter.prototype);
+
 // Only one app object permitted.
 export default app;

--- a/lib/browser/api/menu.ts
+++ b/lib/browser/api/menu.ts
@@ -25,30 +25,11 @@ Menu.prototype._isCommandIdChecked = function (id) {
 };

 Menu.prototype._isCommandIdEnabled = function (id) {
-  const item = this.commandsMap[id];
-  if (!item) return false;
-
-  const focusedWindow = BaseWindow.getFocusedWindow();
-
-  if (item.role === 'minimize' && focusedWindow) {
-    return focusedWindow.isMinimizable();
-  }
-
-  if (item.role === 'togglefullscreen' && focusedWindow) {
-    return focusedWindow.isFullScreenable();
-  }
-
-  if (item.role === 'close' && focusedWindow) {
-    return focusedWindow.isClosable();
-  }
-
-  return item.enabled;
+  return this.commandsMap[id] ? this.commandsMap[id].enabled : false;
 };
-
 Menu.prototype._shouldCommandIdWorkWhenHidden = function (id) {
  return this.commandsMap[id] ? !!this.commandsMap[id].acceleratorWorksWhenHidden : false;
 };
-
 Menu.prototype._isCommandIdVisible = function (id) {
  return this.commandsMap[id] ? this.commandsMap[id].visible : false;
 };
--- a/lib/browser/api/web-contents.ts
+++ b/lib/browser/api/web-contents.ts
@@ -882,7 +882,7 @@ export function create (options = {}): Electron.WebContents {
  return new (WebContents as any)(options);
 }

-export function fromId (id: string) {
+export function fromId (id: number) {
  return binding.fromId(id);
 }

--- a/lib/browser/init.ts
+++ b/lib/browser/init.ts
@@ -162,6 +162,27 @@ require('@electron/internal/browser/api/web-contents-view');
 // Set main startup script of the app.
 const mainStartupScript = packageJson.main || 'index.js';

+const KNOWN_XDG_DESKTOP_VALUES = new Set(['Pantheon', 'Unity:Unity7', 'pop:GNOME']);
+
+function currentPlatformSupportsAppIndicator () {
+  if (process.platform !== 'linux') return false;
+  const currentDesktop = process.env.XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP;
+
+  if (!currentDesktop) return false;
+  if (KNOWN_XDG_DESKTOP_VALUES.has(currentDesktop)) return true;
+  // ubuntu based or derived session (default ubuntu one, communitheme…) supports
+  // indicator too.
+  if (/ubuntu/ig.test(currentDesktop)) return true;
+
+  return false;
+}
+
+// Workaround for electron/electron#5050 and electron/electron#9046
+process.env.ORIGINAL_XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP = process.env.XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP;
+if (currentPlatformSupportsAppIndicator()) {
+  process.env.XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP = 'Unity';
+}
+
 // Quit when all windows are closed and no other one is listening to this.
 app.on('window-all-closed', () => {
  if (app.listenerCount('window-all-closed') === 1) {
--- a/lib/browser/parse-features-string.ts
+++ b/lib/browser/parse-features-string.ts
@@ -91,6 +91,12 @@ export function parseFeatures (features: string) {
    delete parsed[key];
  }

+  // Per spec - https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/nav-history-apis.html#dom-open-dev
+  // windows are always resizable.
+  if (parsed.resizable !== undefined) {
+    delete parsed.resizable;
+  }
+
  if (parsed.left !== undefined) parsed.x = parsed.left;
  if (parsed.top !== undefined) parsed.y = parsed.top;

--- a/lib/common/api/net-client-request.ts
+++ b/lib/common/api/net-client-request.ts
@@ -289,8 +289,7 @@ function parseOptions (optionsIn: ClientRequestConstructorOptions | string): Nod
    referrerPolicy: options.referrerPolicy,
    cache: options.cache,
    allowNonHttpProtocols: Object.hasOwn(options, kAllowNonHttpProtocols),
-    priority: options.priority,
-    bypassCustomProtocolHandlers: options.bypassCustomProtocolHandlers
+    priority: options.priority
  };
  if ('priorityIncremental' in options) {
    urlLoaderOptions.priorityIncremental = options.priorityIncremental;
--- a/npm/install.js
+++ b/npm/install.js
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ downloadArtifact({
  artifactName: 'electron',
  force: process.env.force_no_cache === 'true',
  cacheRoot: process.env.electron_config_cache,
-  checksums: (process.env.electron_use_remote_checksums || process.env.npm_config_electron_use_remote_checksums) ? undefined : require('./checksums.json'),
+  checksums: process.env.electron_use_remote_checksums ?? process.env.npm_config_electron_use_remote_checksums ? undefined : require('./checksums.json'),
  platform,
  arch
 }).then(extractFile).catch(err => {
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -4,23 +4,22 @@
  "repository": "https://github.com/electron/electron",
  "description": "Build cross platform desktop apps with JavaScript, HTML, and CSS",
  "devDependencies": {
-    "@azure/storage-blob": "^12.25.0",
+    "@azure/storage-blob": "^12.28.0",
    "@electron/asar": "^3.2.13",
    "@electron/docs-parser": "^2.0.0",
    "@electron/fiddle-core": "^1.3.4",
    "@electron/github-app-auth": "^2.2.1",
-    "@electron/lint-roller": "^3.1.1",
+    "@electron/lint-roller": "^3.1.2",
    "@electron/typescript-definitions": "^9.1.2",
-    "@octokit/rest": "^20.0.2",
+    "@octokit/rest": "^20.1.2",
    "@primer/octicons": "^10.0.0",
    "@types/minimist": "^1.2.5",
    "@types/node": "^22.7.7",
    "@types/semver": "^7.5.8",
-    "@types/stream-json": "^1.7.7",
+    "@types/stream-json": "^1.7.8",
    "@types/temp": "^0.9.4",
    "@typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin": "^8.32.1",
    "@typescript-eslint/parser": "^8.7.0",
-    "@xmldom/xmldom": "^0.8.11",
    "buffer": "^6.0.3",
    "chalk": "^4.1.0",
    "check-for-leaks": "^1.2.1",
@@ -34,7 +33,7 @@
    "eslint-plugin-node": "^11.1.0",
    "eslint-plugin-promise": "^6.6.0",
    "events": "^3.2.0",
-    "folder-hash": "^2.1.1",
+    "folder-hash": "^4.1.1",
    "got": "^11.8.5",
    "husky": "^9.1.7",
    "lint-staged": "^16.1.0",
@@ -44,9 +43,9 @@
    "pre-flight": "^2.0.0",
    "process": "^0.11.10",
    "remark-cli": "^12.0.1",
-    "remark-preset-lint-markdown-style-guide": "^4.0.0",
+    "remark-preset-lint-markdown-style-guide": "^6.0.1",
    "semver": "^7.6.3",
-    "stream-json": "^1.8.0",
+    "stream-json": "^1.9.1",
    "tap-xunit": "^2.4.1",
    "temp": "^0.9.4",
    "timers-browserify": "1.4.2",
--- a/patches/angle/.patches
+++ b/patches/angle/.patches
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-cherry-pick-2f564f1ca07b.patch
--- a/patches/angle/cherry-pick-2f564f1ca07b.patch
+++ b/patches/angle/cherry-pick-2f564f1ca07b.patch
@@ -1,125 +0,0 @@
-From 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
-From: Mark Mentovai <mark@chromium.org>
-Date: Tue, 16 Sep 2025 16:46:36 -0400
-Subject: mac: handle Metal toolchain being unbundled from Xcode 26
-MIME-Version: 1.0
-Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
-Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
-
-The Metal toolchain was formerly part of Xcode, but in Xcode 26, it has
-been unbundled and is now a separate install. Attempting to use the
-Metal toolchain without installing it results in a build error, such as:
-
-error: error: cannot execute tool 'metal' due to missing Metal
-Toolchain; use: xcodebuild -downloadComponent MetalToolchain
-
-By running the suggested command, the Metal toolchain can be installed,
-but the existing angle build does not know how to find it correctly.
-
-For system Xcode installations, tools from the Metal toolchain (`metal`
-and `metallib`) can be run via `xcrun`. This construct should work
-equally well for older Xcode versions, for situations where it’s still
-in use.
-
-For the hermetic toolchain, we’ll continue splicing the Metal toolchain
-into the location it had previously been avialable (see
-https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/c/6950738), although this is
-subject to change in the future.
-
-Bug: chromium:423933062, chromium:445400016
-Change-Id: I139eca51938f7cecfec9b90fd488947160ef4ec9
-Reviewed-on: https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/c/angle/angle/+/6955000
-Auto-Submit: Mark Mentovai <mark@chromium.org>
-Commit-Queue: Mark Mentovai <mark@chromium.org>
-Reviewed-by: Geoff Lang <geofflang@chromium.org>
-
-diff --git a/src/libANGLE/renderer/metal/BUILD.gn b/src/libANGLE/renderer/metal/BUILD.gn
-index 96e9ee8420810f6a3ca9a0c290d4a654200eb7b9..50ac42a5b9a0f7c8b3b161af40c598cb34ff132a 100644
--- a/src/libANGLE/renderer/metal/BUILD.gn
-+++ b/src/libANGLE/renderer/metal/BUILD.gn
-@@ -24,20 +24,56 @@ config("angle_metal_backend_config") {
- }
- 
- if (metal_internal_shader_compilation_supported) {
-+  template("run_metal_tool") {
-+    action(target_name) {
-+      forward_variables_from(invoker,
-+                             [
-+                               "deps",
-+                               "sources",
-+                               "outputs",
-+                               "metal_tool",
-+                             ])
-+      script = "shaders/metal_wrapper.py"
-+      if (use_system_xcode) {
-+        # System Xcode: run metal and metallib via xcrun. Since Xcode 26.0, the
-+        # Metal toolchain has been unbundled from Xcode, and must be installed
-+        # separately by running `xcodebuild -downloadComponent MetalToolchain`.
-+        # There is a vestigial metal executable in mac_bin_path, but it’s
-+        # incapable of running successfuly without the
-+        # rest of the Metal toolchain surrounding it. `xcrun` is able to find
-+        # and run the correct Metal toolchain when properly installed.
-+        #
-+        # If you’re using system Xcode and your build fails with this message:
-+        #   error: error: cannot execute tool 'metal' due to missing Metal Toolchain; use: xcodebuild -downloadComponent MetalToolchain
-+        # then do what the error message suggests, and then retry your build.
-+        args = [
-+          "xcrun",
-+          metal_tool,
-+        ]
-+      } else {
-+        # Hermetic Xcode: at least for now, the Metal toolchain is
-+        # “spliced” into the location in the hermetic toolchain where it lived
-+        # before Xcode 26.0, so it can be run directly from there.
-+        args = [ mac_bin_path + metal_tool ]
-+      }
-+
-+      args += invoker.args
-+    }
-+  }
-+
-   _metal_internal_shaders_air_file =
-       "$root_gen_dir/angle/mtl_internal_shaders_autogen.air"
- 
-  action("angle_metal_internal_shaders_to_air") {
-    script = "shaders/metal_wrapper.py"
-
-    outputs = [ _metal_internal_shaders_air_file ]
-
-+  run_metal_tool("angle_metal_internal_shaders_to_air") {
-     _metal_internal_shaders_metal_source =
-         "shaders/mtl_internal_shaders_autogen.metal"
-     sources = [ _metal_internal_shaders_metal_source ]
- 
-+    outputs = [ _metal_internal_shaders_air_file ]
-+
-+    metal_tool = "metal"
-+
-     args = [
-      mac_bin_path + "metal",
-       "-c",
-       rebase_path(_metal_internal_shaders_metal_source, root_build_dir),
-       "-o",
-@@ -60,17 +96,16 @@ if (metal_internal_shader_compilation_supported) {
-   _metal_internal_shaders_metallib_file =
-       "$root_gen_dir/angle/mtl_internal_shaders_autogen.metallib"
- 
-  action("angle_metal_internal_shaders_to_mtllib") {
-    script = "shaders/metal_wrapper.py"
-
-    outputs = [ _metal_internal_shaders_metallib_file ]
-+  run_metal_tool("angle_metal_internal_shaders_to_mtllib") {
-+    deps = [ ":angle_metal_internal_shaders_to_air" ]
- 
-     sources = [ _metal_internal_shaders_air_file ]
- 
-    deps = [ ":angle_metal_internal_shaders_to_air" ]
-+    outputs = [ _metal_internal_shaders_metallib_file ]
-+
-+    metal_tool = "metallib"
- 
-     args = [
-      mac_bin_path + "metallib",
-       rebase_path(_metal_internal_shaders_air_file, root_build_dir),
-       "-o",
-       rebase_path(_metal_internal_shaders_metallib_file, root_build_dir),
--- a/patches/chromium/.patches
+++ b/patches/chromium/.patches
@@ -136,7 +136,6 @@ build_set_mac_sdk_minimum_to_10.patch
 fix_add_macos_memory_query_fallback_to_avoid_crash.patch
 fix_resolve_dynamic_background_material_update_issue_on_windows_11.patch
 feat_add_support_for_embedder_snapshot_validation.patch
+chore_restore_some_deprecated_wrapper_utility_in_gin.patch
+chore_add_electron_objects_to_wrappablepointertag.patch
 band-aid_over_an_issue_with_using_deprecated_nsopenpanel_api.patch
-inspectorpageagent_provisional_frame_speculative_fix.patch
-expose_referrerscriptinfo_hostdefinedoptionsindex.patch
-fix_release_mouse_buttons_on_focus_loss_on_wayland.patch
--- a/patches/chromium/add_contentgpuclient_precreatemessageloop_callback.patch
+++ b/patches/chromium/add_contentgpuclient_precreatemessageloop_callback.patch
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ Allows Electron to restore WER when ELECTRON_DEFAULT_ERROR_MODE is set.
 This should be upstreamed.

 diff --git a/content/gpu/gpu_main.cc b/content/gpu/gpu_main.cc
-index f9e15ddeeb022b77607ae7880a5a7121abc7a111..954a4966c73a74816131217756f17c04483bb1fe 100644
+index 6f8e8dd8e7ddb9e3d4c142493f249f616520d613..f89b2e5b846b3b96c99dea2a3b49bc9823ab51e5 100644
 --- a/content/gpu/gpu_main.cc
 +++ b/content/gpu/gpu_main.cc
@@ -271,6 +271,10 @@ int GpuMain(MainFunctionParams parameters) {
--- a/patches/chromium/add_didinstallconditionalfeatures.patch
+++ b/patches/chromium/add_didinstallconditionalfeatures.patch
@@ -23,10 +23,10 @@ index c26cff0adef977617b10bbaa7c0c13cf5e6e91d3..f9c7af85af33572a88956bf1bc9765e9
                                         int32_t world_id) {}
   virtual void DidClearWindowObject() {}
 diff --git a/content/renderer/render_frame_impl.cc b/content/renderer/render_frame_impl.cc
-index ede4414f875254b77ffb29d0e1bfb254c619b10f..5f766b7d1bd20131b380e862090716de899d086c 100644
+index 859113ed13e77dcdd72b2ab327b94e94492f5d24..51948d7fcae02bd85133a859989f93a07dd0e236 100644
 --- a/content/renderer/render_frame_impl.cc
 +++ b/content/renderer/render_frame_impl.cc
-@@ -4676,6 +4676,12 @@ void RenderFrameImpl::DidCreateScriptContext(v8::Local<v8::Context> context,
+@@ -4677,6 +4677,12 @@ void RenderFrameImpl::DidCreateScriptContext(v8::Local<v8::Context> context,
     observer.DidCreateScriptContext(context, world_id);
 }
 
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ index 36baf908d3be8aed44ff60b8de2cffe2eee15efe..8d73ddb12013ce195026b9f63050cf33
                                         int32_t world_id) = 0;
   virtual bool AllowScriptExtensions() = 0;
 diff --git a/third_party/blink/renderer/core/frame/local_frame_client_impl.cc b/third_party/blink/renderer/core/frame/local_frame_client_impl.cc
-index 22f1a4a3a903cb82a1066642e542bb78bf321d79..77d76bf97976e18a8bd077e005b8a3addf9b029d 100644
+index 114cbd9c806572b664b9d9af75955231fa68cc50..03a0b2f762a2d9677212c89e63bb2d2691fac2b7 100644
 --- a/third_party/blink/renderer/core/frame/local_frame_client_impl.cc
 +++ b/third_party/blink/renderer/core/frame/local_frame_client_impl.cc
@@ -295,6 +295,13 @@ void LocalFrameClientImpl::DidCreateScriptContext(
--- a/patches/chromium/allow_disabling_blink_scheduler_throttling_per_renderview.patch
+++ b/patches/chromium/allow_disabling_blink_scheduler_throttling_per_renderview.patch
@@ -6,11 +6,11 @@ Subject: allow disabling blink scheduler throttling per RenderView
 This allows us to disable throttling for hidden windows.

 diff --git a/content/browser/renderer_host/navigation_controller_impl_unittest.cc b/content/browser/renderer_host/navigation_controller_impl_unittest.cc
-index d321fe74be7af24d1246224d7a28c9dede3635b2..af2cb60c42863b1fdad487c28d544b7a7dade805 100644
+index 1d002528ba2b90d9c361c77ab00aeb1ccd000177..77f3b011f9c3710ac93ad20a92eafea0d35bb9a7 100644
 --- a/content/browser/renderer_host/navigation_controller_impl_unittest.cc
 +++ b/content/browser/renderer_host/navigation_controller_impl_unittest.cc
-@@ -167,6 +167,12 @@ class MockPageBroadcast : public blink::mojom::PageBroadcast {
-               (network::mojom::AttributionSupport support),
+@@ -168,6 +168,12 @@ class MockPageBroadcast : public blink::mojom::PageBroadcast {
+               (const std::optional<uint64_t> canvas_noise_token),
               (override));
 
 +  MOCK_METHOD(
@@ -23,10 +23,10 @@ index d321fe74be7af24d1246224d7a28c9dede3635b2..af2cb60c42863b1fdad487c28d544b7a
     return receiver_.BindNewEndpointAndPassDedicatedRemote();
   }
 diff --git a/content/browser/renderer_host/render_view_host_impl.cc b/content/browser/renderer_host/render_view_host_impl.cc
-index 87c448c04f8f164f7b2dca6f21a8ea9cc26db163..e88cfee7ad8495e7733c85efc8d21ad2aef26db0 100644
+index ac7638da0c0b360d21b88e4e458d3687949884fa..45d2fe002330cb4aa7c81defaa5004d5e62e369a 100644
 --- a/content/browser/renderer_host/render_view_host_impl.cc
 +++ b/content/browser/renderer_host/render_view_host_impl.cc
-@@ -773,6 +773,11 @@ void RenderViewHostImpl::SetBackgroundOpaque(bool opaque) {
+@@ -786,6 +786,11 @@ void RenderViewHostImpl::SetBackgroundOpaque(bool opaque) {
   GetWidget()->GetAssociatedFrameWidget()->SetBackgroundOpaque(opaque);
 }
 
@@ -80,34 +80,34 @@ index 20ca763ff7f55e8176b77349b41917b11e051ae6..a50c122064b5f0092f57e3d508fb1938
   // This interface should only be implemented inside content.
   friend class RenderViewHostImpl;
 diff --git a/content/test/test_page_broadcast.h b/content/test/test_page_broadcast.h
-index 3f4fdfcdf2f701a394e182bd61baf226338ef7f8..f2faa1225e8ca6abb190e6f7a0775545fa3f785d 100644
+index 0dc1cd52dec74ede2117eb244e423d7f3ad322ea..352c64b3aec50546451a0033114e3a35dcf32136 100644
 --- a/content/test/test_page_broadcast.h
 +++ b/content/test/test_page_broadcast.h
-@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ class TestPageBroadcast : public blink::mojom::PageBroadcast {
-       network::mojom::AttributionSupport support) override;
-   void UpdateColorProviders(
+@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ class TestPageBroadcast : public blink::mojom::PageBroadcast {
       const blink::ColorProviderColorMaps& color_provider_colors) override;
+   void UpdateCanvasNoiseToken(
+       std::optional<uint64_t> canvas_noise_token) override;
 +  void SetSchedulerThrottling(bool allowed) override {}
 
   mojo::AssociatedReceiver<blink::mojom::PageBroadcast> receiver_;
 };
 diff --git a/third_party/blink/public/mojom/page/page.mojom b/third_party/blink/public/mojom/page/page.mojom
-index b6a4e3609af1f090f1f845d77fa0589e5b178d8a..989b2cf76ce88614b57e75ce2fcace101225f43e 100644
+index bcf8559d759e73e4f3f00710d263fe24cc801828..556f990868b862452156cec2354a90ae75352251 100644
 --- a/third_party/blink/public/mojom/page/page.mojom
 +++ b/third_party/blink/public/mojom/page/page.mojom
-@@ -175,4 +175,7 @@ interface PageBroadcast {
-   // 2. The ColorProvider associated with the WebContents changes as a result
-   // of theme changes.
-   UpdateColorProviders(ColorProviderColorMaps color_provider_colors);
+@@ -180,4 +180,7 @@ interface PageBroadcast {
+   // the noise token at ReadyToCommit time and update blink::WebViews that
+   // were made at request time.
+   UpdateCanvasNoiseToken(uint64? canvas_noise_token);
 +
 +  // Whether to enable the Renderer scheduler background throttling.
 +  SetSchedulerThrottling(bool allowed);
 };
 diff --git a/third_party/blink/public/web/web_view.h b/third_party/blink/public/web/web_view.h
-index c8d27cfee8ef3fe244291f4667b59df1037c359b..92ed53a689991ec8eca9572bf2f7a212acfc4a38 100644
+index b3553c0783a7b00e055f82ef0b72bd866284473d..c91e49807ec0b56d867504831118269116024626 100644
 --- a/third_party/blink/public/web/web_view.h
 +++ b/third_party/blink/public/web/web_view.h
-@@ -360,6 +360,7 @@ class BLINK_EXPORT WebView {
+@@ -365,6 +365,7 @@ class BLINK_EXPORT WebView {
   // Scheduling -----------------------------------------------------------
 
   virtual PageScheduler* Scheduler() const = 0;
@@ -116,10 +116,10 @@ index c8d27cfee8ef3fe244291f4667b59df1037c359b..92ed53a689991ec8eca9572bf2f7a212
   // Visibility -----------------------------------------------------------
 
 diff --git a/third_party/blink/renderer/core/exported/web_view_impl.cc b/third_party/blink/renderer/core/exported/web_view_impl.cc
-index b0a8c14c845a69c72ab823af1eccad22b27f1ad6..6ba55d345d4b18c9c76e26a8a1eb3835dd692581 100644
+index 316e686d00b72bf9d2e153221bfc3b97dbad8b61..b9799837c7ce14fc76045700b30e1358d4705251 100644
 --- a/third_party/blink/renderer/core/exported/web_view_impl.cc
 +++ b/third_party/blink/renderer/core/exported/web_view_impl.cc
-@@ -2485,6 +2485,10 @@ void WebViewImpl::SetPageLifecycleStateInternal(
+@@ -2490,6 +2490,10 @@ void WebViewImpl::SetPageLifecycleStateInternal(
   TRACE_EVENT2("navigation", "WebViewImpl::SetPageLifecycleStateInternal",
                "old_state", old_state, "new_state", new_state);
 
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ index b0a8c14c845a69c72ab823af1eccad22b27f1ad6..6ba55d345d4b18c9c76e26a8a1eb3835
   bool storing_in_bfcache = new_state->is_in_back_forward_cache &&
                             !old_state->is_in_back_forward_cache;
   bool restoring_from_bfcache = !new_state->is_in_back_forward_cache &&
-@@ -3986,10 +3990,23 @@ PageScheduler* WebViewImpl::Scheduler() const {
+@@ -3999,10 +4003,23 @@ PageScheduler* WebViewImpl::Scheduler() const {
   return GetPage()->GetPageScheduler();
 }
 
@@ -155,10 +155,10 @@ index b0a8c14c845a69c72ab823af1eccad22b27f1ad6..6ba55d345d4b18c9c76e26a8a1eb3835
   // Do not throttle if the page should be painting.
   bool is_visible =
 diff --git a/third_party/blink/renderer/core/exported/web_view_impl.h b/third_party/blink/renderer/core/exported/web_view_impl.h
-index 5c8a5d7f9b675a460740643fc26d778a08ef7112..2ebae3e0a5b76eb9551d286af1ed64e1e58b9de4 100644
+index efcec3ebab3e60b66c2444e9a5c755c945f052cf..85cd9599cb5169f01c9096d9da89cff59930d1be 100644
 --- a/third_party/blink/renderer/core/exported/web_view_impl.h
 +++ b/third_party/blink/renderer/core/exported/web_view_impl.h
-@@ -445,6 +445,7 @@ class CORE_EXPORT WebViewImpl final : public WebView,
+@@ -450,6 +450,7 @@ class CORE_EXPORT WebViewImpl final : public WebView,
   LocalDOMWindow* PagePopupWindow() const;
 
   PageScheduler* Scheduler() const override;
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ index 5c8a5d7f9b675a460740643fc26d778a08ef7112..2ebae3e0a5b76eb9551d286af1ed64e1
   void SetVisibilityState(mojom::blink::PageVisibilityState visibility_state,
                           bool is_initial_state) override;
   mojom::blink::PageVisibilityState GetVisibilityState() override;
-@@ -935,6 +936,8 @@ class CORE_EXPORT WebViewImpl final : public WebView,
+@@ -941,6 +942,8 @@ class CORE_EXPORT WebViewImpl final : public WebView,
   // If true, we send IPC messages when |preferred_size_| changes.
   bool send_preferred_size_changes_ = false;
 
--- a/patches/chromium/allow_in-process_windows_to_have_different_web_prefs.patch
+++ b/patches/chromium/allow_in-process_windows_to_have_different_web_prefs.patch
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ WebPreferences of in-process child windows, rather than relying on
 process-level command line switches, as before.

 diff --git a/third_party/blink/common/web_preferences/web_preferences_mojom_traits.cc b/third_party/blink/common/web_preferences/web_preferences_mojom_traits.cc
-index 545a854789199a6f3056bf507f882446a5e11235..e733581553328010275c85465ee3a97a950afe4d 100644
+index e66a1b104fbcb6ac81b745a28588a994533745ff..08abd32cebf89d434bf60b4fd420430e88540adc 100644
 --- a/third_party/blink/common/web_preferences/web_preferences_mojom_traits.cc
 +++ b/third_party/blink/common/web_preferences/web_preferences_mojom_traits.cc
@@ -148,6 +148,19 @@ bool StructTraits<blink::mojom::WebPreferencesDataView,
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ index 545a854789199a6f3056bf507f882446a5e11235..e733581553328010275c85465ee3a97a
   out->accelerated_video_decode_enabled =
       data.accelerated_video_decode_enabled();
 diff --git a/third_party/blink/public/common/web_preferences/web_preferences.h b/third_party/blink/public/common/web_preferences/web_preferences.h
-index 3283422f7b6da21e6e9c6f35a52a643ba26a5e29..962d10f8166c3765b8d7434ecf941922981e3ce8 100644
+index 39eefd4970a93bef42487d51e9c0bdfd76a001a0..a76da90ca59e07ad57ae85ee765b90875b82819c 100644
 --- a/third_party/blink/public/common/web_preferences/web_preferences.h
 +++ b/third_party/blink/public/common/web_preferences/web_preferences.h
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
@@ -43,9 +43,9 @@ index 3283422f7b6da21e6e9c6f35a52a643ba26a5e29..962d10f8166c3765b8d7434ecf941922
 #include "build/build_config.h"
 #include "net/nqe/effective_connection_type.h"
 #include "third_party/blink/public/common/common_export.h"
-@@ -456,6 +457,19 @@ struct BLINK_COMMON_EXPORT WebPreferences {
-   // Whether fingerprinting protection based on page content is enabled.
-   bool content_based_fingerprinting_protection_enabled = false;
+@@ -462,6 +463,19 @@ struct BLINK_COMMON_EXPORT WebPreferences {
+   bool increment_local_surface_id_for_mainframe_same_doc_navigation = true;
+ #endif  // BUILDFLAG(IS_ANDROID)
 
 +  // Begin Electron-specific WebPreferences.
 +  bool context_isolation = false;
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ index 3283422f7b6da21e6e9c6f35a52a643ba26a5e29..962d10f8166c3765b8d7434ecf941922
   // chrome, except for the cases where it would require lots of extra work for
   // the embedder to use the same default value.
 diff --git a/third_party/blink/public/common/web_preferences/web_preferences_mojom_traits.h b/third_party/blink/public/common/web_preferences/web_preferences_mojom_traits.h
-index 49b374461da896943cd3da55ebcd8814098eeba9..13789a02f03dcfdbad798875d109882d9e548dff 100644
+index 36e04a5f887fd9102b3d74a4230132ecee780c1b..8e53242f1be83920ca64c95c31aa674e04d2bb81 100644
 --- a/third_party/blink/public/common/web_preferences/web_preferences_mojom_traits.h
 +++ b/third_party/blink/public/common/web_preferences/web_preferences_mojom_traits.h
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ index 49b374461da896943cd3da55ebcd8814098eeba9..13789a02f03dcfdbad798875d109882d
     return r.cookie_enabled;
   }
 diff --git a/third_party/blink/public/mojom/webpreferences/web_preferences.mojom b/third_party/blink/public/mojom/webpreferences/web_preferences.mojom
-index 60432eee506ddfcb02c5eef396494bea4dc3e263..76c0de3cc8095ab834950e117f8f12fd51e94978 100644
+index dd6185b0eacf942d902505ac23bf88059bf2786a..f3f1c71f241db0a90144909971412009e5510b6e 100644
 --- a/third_party/blink/public/mojom/webpreferences/web_preferences.mojom
 +++ b/third_party/blink/public/mojom/webpreferences/web_preferences.mojom
@@ -8,9 +8,11 @@ import "third_party/blink/public/mojom/css/preferred_color_scheme.mojom";
--- a/patches/chromium/blink_local_frame.patch
+++ b/patches/chromium/blink_local_frame.patch
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ index c9f34fa47702504ccdefb8d61c55f5eaae501085..26df03d777c9ea487cae37f3df91d1df
   // its owning reference back to our owning LocalFrame.
   client_->Detached(type);
 diff --git a/third_party/blink/renderer/core/frame/local_frame.cc b/third_party/blink/renderer/core/frame/local_frame.cc
-index f4386917072e83f8797d0dbed5f1e2c72659ce80..800a904a8fa47e0a36d8393e11b3e7d7c4a3550e 100644
+index e57912ad2d06ccd3d5c0f4d958a0735d1fab9997..7aeff27d6005d70f962fcbd90e6902987e3abd09 100644
 --- a/third_party/blink/renderer/core/frame/local_frame.cc
 +++ b/third_party/blink/renderer/core/frame/local_frame.cc
@@ -738,10 +738,6 @@ bool LocalFrame::DetachImpl(FrameDetachType type) {
--- a/patches/chromium/build_add_electron_tracing_category.patch
+++ b/patches/chromium/build_add_electron_tracing_category.patch
@@ -8,10 +8,10 @@ categories in use are known / declared.  This patch is required for us
 to introduce a new Electron category for Electron-specific tracing.

 diff --git a/base/trace_event/builtin_categories.h b/base/trace_event/builtin_categories.h
-index 6c811af11e2aaec3bf329c0a809c0d22a9d20071..95a4b401bf83cd325fab6534f70fc1fc04eea424 100644
+index e72bdff1c640ae6f6cbf91727a01985ccf9bd83b..40059b155b5ea9882a2ae4b624c68d3335fdc9f9 100644
 --- a/base/trace_event/builtin_categories.h
 +++ b/base/trace_event/builtin_categories.h
-@@ -126,6 +126,7 @@ PERFETTO_DEFINE_CATEGORIES_IN_NAMESPACE_WITH_ATTRS(
+@@ -124,6 +124,7 @@ PERFETTO_DEFINE_CATEGORIES_IN_NAMESPACE_WITH_ATTRS(
     perfetto::Category("drm"),
     perfetto::Category("drmcursor"),
     perfetto::Category("dwrite"),
--- a/patches/chromium/build_allow_electron_mojom_interfaces_to_depend_on_blink.patch
+++ b/patches/chromium/build_allow_electron_mojom_interfaces_to_depend_on_blink.patch
@@ -10,10 +10,10 @@ Needed for:
 2) //electron/shell/common:web_contents_utility

 diff --git a/content/public/common/BUILD.gn b/content/public/common/BUILD.gn
-index 37e7c48534676c0a67c5cf36512a1ca5386e049b..f354b3251038e8023f8eb4ed07350ce9d4c32ef7 100644
+index 981abc2963aaaa8f4cf283cdc0807907500b65eb..4be2f078f0c9890d0bcca635a82711386abae077 100644
 --- a/content/public/common/BUILD.gn
 +++ b/content/public/common/BUILD.gn
-@@ -383,6 +383,8 @@ mojom("interfaces") {
+@@ -382,6 +382,8 @@ mojom("interfaces") {
     "//content/common/*",
     "//extensions/common:mojom",
     "//extensions/common:mojom_blink",
--- a/patches/chromium/build_disable_thin_lto_mac.patch
+++ b/patches/chromium/build_disable_thin_lto_mac.patch
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ This patch can (and should) be removed when we can prevent those symbols
 from being stripped in the release build.

 diff --git a/build/config/compiler/compiler.gni b/build/config/compiler/compiler.gni
-index babd5a12fa7fbe263e1ecd6d269a2965a3024bbe..cf116f19c4031e3bec6c82125761ebbcb32c5c79 100644
+index 0611cd47ef35d3b137a3278896a9174ae2fc3c31..a076c0f461b50fea86679a148b857739f7ec2c3d 100644
 --- a/build/config/compiler/compiler.gni
 +++ b/build/config/compiler/compiler.gni
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ declare_args() {
--- a/patches/chromium/build_do_not_depend_on_packed_resource_integrity.patch
+++ b/patches/chromium/build_do_not_depend_on_packed_resource_integrity.patch
@@ -33,10 +33,10 @@ index e648bb4ed2ff72441faa8773e449e0b6174f5af5..fd2c1d3ac575d10de7d5c09e4418d172
         "//base",
         "//build:branding_buildflags",
 diff --git a/chrome/browser/BUILD.gn b/chrome/browser/BUILD.gn
-index 42292200196b51af4dc57e95f65876761bf6b892..ba90ea9e26330b4becf7931ec2421bebd8d0f527 100644
+index a8c2f5c562df8974ad02128a363e11ecd489031f..ca1bf94b55f1412599abbbe47063f0ce036c2352 100644
 --- a/chrome/browser/BUILD.gn
 +++ b/chrome/browser/BUILD.gn
-@@ -4754,7 +4754,7 @@ static_library("browser") {
+@@ -4795,7 +4795,7 @@ static_library("browser") {
       ]
     }
 
@@ -46,10 +46,10 @@ index 42292200196b51af4dc57e95f65876761bf6b892..ba90ea9e26330b4becf7931ec2421beb
       # than here in :chrome_dll.
       deps += [ "//chrome:packed_resources_integrity_header" ]
 diff --git a/chrome/test/BUILD.gn b/chrome/test/BUILD.gn
-index 572de58b1cb6b643cdcc73509685eb4f615bd39e..b26a87e617c14f80652b7daaa57ada59740e3bcd 100644
+index 9fb0b20dd5feb4f4b6ee4d97bcf9fc8e1b43d89c..a55f08cfa09eb2b1afbaab780db2a275ad490d78 100644
 --- a/chrome/test/BUILD.gn
 +++ b/chrome/test/BUILD.gn
-@@ -7449,9 +7449,12 @@ test("unit_tests") {
+@@ -7500,9 +7500,12 @@ test("unit_tests") {
       "//chrome/notification_helper",
     ]
 
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ index 572de58b1cb6b643cdcc73509685eb4f615bd39e..b26a87e617c14f80652b7daaa57ada59
       "//chrome//services/util_win:unit_tests",
       "//chrome/app:chrome_dll_resources",
       "//chrome/app:win_unit_tests",
-@@ -8389,6 +8392,10 @@ test("unit_tests") {
+@@ -8428,6 +8431,10 @@ test("unit_tests") {
       "../browser/performance_manager/policies/background_tab_loading_policy_unittest.cc",
     ]
 
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ index 572de58b1cb6b643cdcc73509685eb4f615bd39e..b26a87e617c14f80652b7daaa57ada59
     sources += [
       # The importer code is not used on Android.
       "../common/importer/firefox_importer_utils_unittest.cc",
-@@ -8445,7 +8452,6 @@ test("unit_tests") {
+@@ -8484,7 +8491,6 @@ test("unit_tests") {
     # TODO(crbug.com/417513088): Maybe merge with the non-android `deps` declaration above?
     deps += [
       "../browser/screen_ai:screen_ai_install_state",
--- a/patches/chromium/build_gn.patch
+++ b/patches/chromium/build_gn.patch
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ These are variables we add to the root BUILDCONFIG so that they're available
 everywhere, without having to import("//electron/.../flags.gni").

 diff --git a/build/config/BUILDCONFIG.gn b/build/config/BUILDCONFIG.gn
-index 9d778df88664f6f4e60d2b5b309b0964a6498f01..a14bccf8538e95591af3f1f0c88a8423a359dec5 100644
+index b1b5e79b92bea8ea05770d8c48cb4366938d71c5..16664ed3ab4b0ceecd4c74e44e57cca0dc57dc9b 100644
 --- a/build/config/BUILDCONFIG.gn
 +++ b/build/config/BUILDCONFIG.gn
@@ -123,6 +123,9 @@ if (current_os == "") {
--- a/patches/chromium/build_libc_as_static_library.patch
+++ b/patches/chromium/build_libc_as_static_library.patch
@@ -7,10 +7,10 @@ Build libc++ as static library to compile and pass
 nan tests

 diff --git a/buildtools/third_party/libc++/BUILD.gn b/buildtools/third_party/libc++/BUILD.gn
-index bce370633601c97a35ba50678fa0b8e6799cdb1b..a0dd11a4848328f4c306dad2c7af28c6a47a255a 100644
+index a024e6e435303a67cfd994d28b5a45a1d5343926..34715a1bbd1820c0d78b86cd9155bcf055778d94 100644
 --- a/buildtools/third_party/libc++/BUILD.gn
 +++ b/buildtools/third_party/libc++/BUILD.gn
-@@ -820,6 +820,7 @@ target(libcxx_target_type, "libc++") {
+@@ -860,6 +860,7 @@ target(libcxx_target_type, "libc++") {
   # need to explicitly depend on libc++.
   visibility = [
     "//build/config:common_deps",
--- a/patches/chromium/can_create_window.patch
+++ b/patches/chromium/can_create_window.patch
@@ -9,10 +9,10 @@ potentially prevent a window from being created.
 TODO(loc): this patch is currently broken.

 diff --git a/content/browser/renderer_host/render_frame_host_impl.cc b/content/browser/renderer_host/render_frame_host_impl.cc
-index 1aec55ce3bbe48bfcc11c7b60eb9039e0f5d9b72..63d85f0d13672f5007553e5b116211ea33004b57 100644
+index e812aff087701b5d38fcb0b916335e21f5713040..4f8e3a08890ed7498b29a900ccf4bbda5f9cb494 100644
 --- a/content/browser/renderer_host/render_frame_host_impl.cc
 +++ b/content/browser/renderer_host/render_frame_host_impl.cc
-@@ -9816,6 +9816,7 @@ void RenderFrameHostImpl::CreateNewWindow(
+@@ -9819,6 +9819,7 @@ void RenderFrameHostImpl::CreateNewWindow(
           last_committed_origin_, params->window_container_type,
           params->target_url, params->referrer.To<Referrer>(),
           params->frame_name, params->disposition, *params->features,
@@ -21,10 +21,10 @@ index 1aec55ce3bbe48bfcc11c7b60eb9039e0f5d9b72..63d85f0d13672f5007553e5b116211ea
           &no_javascript_access);
 
 diff --git a/content/browser/web_contents/web_contents_impl.cc b/content/browser/web_contents/web_contents_impl.cc
-index be06cbb8229a4cc85abf63a42aef0884e200e59b..c2b6725c51fe8997a23a7cb8b04e715b39382939 100644
+index a22f9897c47cc0fe0846fd631b0f094c0ded669a..5e35d7af2bcf9078887f4e2658e3f067f3b4f1b7 100644
 --- a/content/browser/web_contents/web_contents_impl.cc
 +++ b/content/browser/web_contents/web_contents_impl.cc
-@@ -5316,6 +5316,10 @@ FrameTree* WebContentsImpl::CreateNewWindow(
+@@ -5304,6 +5304,10 @@ FrameTree* WebContentsImpl::CreateNewWindow(
   create_params.initially_hidden = renderer_started_hidden;
   create_params.initial_popup_url = params.target_url;
 
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ index be06cbb8229a4cc85abf63a42aef0884e200e59b..c2b6725c51fe8997a23a7cb8b04e715b
   // Even though all codepaths leading here are in response to a renderer
   // trying to open a new window, if the new window ends up in a different
   // browsing instance, then the RenderViewHost, RenderWidgetHost,
-@@ -5371,6 +5375,12 @@ FrameTree* WebContentsImpl::CreateNewWindow(
+@@ -5359,6 +5363,12 @@ FrameTree* WebContentsImpl::CreateNewWindow(
   // Sets the newly created WebContents WindowOpenDisposition.
   new_contents_impl->original_window_open_disposition_ = params.disposition;
 
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ index be06cbb8229a4cc85abf63a42aef0884e200e59b..c2b6725c51fe8997a23a7cb8b04e715b
   // If the new frame has a name, make sure any SiteInstances that can find
   // this named frame have proxies for it.  Must be called after
   // SetSessionStorageNamespace, since this calls CreateRenderView, which uses
-@@ -5412,12 +5422,6 @@ FrameTree* WebContentsImpl::CreateNewWindow(
+@@ -5400,12 +5410,6 @@ FrameTree* WebContentsImpl::CreateNewWindow(
     AddWebContentsDestructionObserver(new_contents_impl);
   }
 
@@ -62,10 +62,10 @@ index be06cbb8229a4cc85abf63a42aef0884e200e59b..c2b6725c51fe8997a23a7cb8b04e715b
                              new_contents_impl, opener, params.target_url,
                              params.referrer.To<Referrer>(), params.disposition,
 diff --git a/content/common/frame.mojom b/content/common/frame.mojom
-index fc433c5802ecb880f3f144f09c3d318814672213..6a1e1f2cfc60451bb097b3625245fbfb3f0d12a4 100644
+index 90cc84198b7f23c6a07ab503f60a577fdfba5baa..722b27b8adaf86624058ace5f9b5871ff0ede627 100644
 --- a/content/common/frame.mojom
 +++ b/content/common/frame.mojom
-@@ -657,6 +657,10 @@ struct CreateNewWindowParams {
+@@ -661,6 +661,10 @@ struct CreateNewWindowParams {
   pending_associated_remote<blink.mojom.Widget> widget;
   pending_associated_receiver<blink.mojom.FrameWidgetHost> frame_widget_host;
   pending_associated_remote<blink.mojom.FrameWidget> frame_widget;
@@ -77,10 +77,10 @@ index fc433c5802ecb880f3f144f09c3d318814672213..6a1e1f2cfc60451bb097b3625245fbfb
 
 // Operation result when the renderer asks the browser to create a new window.
 diff --git a/content/public/browser/content_browser_client.cc b/content/public/browser/content_browser_client.cc
-index 689203b138adf10a27c47dea61d3fe352df80b1e..2988ef70882ed30105d888491feb88db429c85ca 100644
+index 51635fb9f5da026fea3d25f0aa0d2d3f05017504..6a6b444270c3fcd084da7a63d8cc491e30b1eb20 100644
 --- a/content/public/browser/content_browser_client.cc
 +++ b/content/public/browser/content_browser_client.cc
-@@ -867,6 +867,8 @@ bool ContentBrowserClient::CanCreateWindow(
+@@ -872,6 +872,8 @@ bool ContentBrowserClient::CanCreateWindow(
     const std::string& frame_name,
     WindowOpenDisposition disposition,
     const blink::mojom::WindowFeatures& features,
@@ -90,10 +90,10 @@ index 689203b138adf10a27c47dea61d3fe352df80b1e..2988ef70882ed30105d888491feb88db
     bool opener_suppressed,
     bool* no_javascript_access) {
 diff --git a/content/public/browser/content_browser_client.h b/content/public/browser/content_browser_client.h
-index ff5eca7750ef324cd036251affc0263f230710bb..f9372f547ef0d5914ba53b75aba44580a573fba0 100644
+index f9131c7b44751e3ab51a8db52ca22202138aeada..77addfedac20cf8ecf656321dda53ada149f17ff 100644
 --- a/content/public/browser/content_browser_client.h
 +++ b/content/public/browser/content_browser_client.h
-@@ -199,6 +199,7 @@ class NetworkService;
+@@ -201,6 +201,7 @@ class NetworkService;
 class TrustedURLLoaderHeaderClient;
 }  // namespace mojom
 struct ResourceRequest;
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ index ff5eca7750ef324cd036251affc0263f230710bb..f9372f547ef0d5914ba53b75aba44580
 }  // namespace network
 
 namespace sandbox {
-@@ -1435,6 +1436,8 @@ class CONTENT_EXPORT ContentBrowserClient {
+@@ -1444,6 +1445,8 @@ class CONTENT_EXPORT ContentBrowserClient {
       const std::string& frame_name,
       WindowOpenDisposition disposition,
       const blink::mojom::WindowFeatures& features,
@@ -170,10 +170,10 @@ index a4b8c5f950549e018c0d09522ff8890a1a774966..6c4c6265c26f5304b8f77d7fc5a4fad5
   // typically happens when popups are created.
   virtual void WebContentsCreated(WebContents* source_contents,
 diff --git a/content/renderer/render_frame_impl.cc b/content/renderer/render_frame_impl.cc
-index 7e54042f2fb8b36072a7a47f00d22385a641284e..ede4414f875254b77ffb29d0e1bfb254c619b10f 100644
+index 55ff46bd1c24b2341317102f6308a66c1b5aeb23..859113ed13e77dcdd72b2ab327b94e94492f5d24 100644
 --- a/content/renderer/render_frame_impl.cc
 +++ b/content/renderer/render_frame_impl.cc
-@@ -6774,6 +6774,10 @@ WebView* RenderFrameImpl::CreateNewWindow(
+@@ -6770,6 +6770,10 @@ WebView* RenderFrameImpl::CreateNewWindow(
           request.HasUserGesture(), GetWebFrame()->IsAdFrame(),
           GetWebFrame()->IsAdScriptInStack());
 
--- a/patches/chromium/chore_add_electron_deps_to_gitignores.patch
+++ b/patches/chromium/chore_add_electron_deps_to_gitignores.patch
@@ -6,10 +6,10 @@ Subject: chore: add electron deps to gitignores
 Makes things like "git status" quicker when developing electron locally

 diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
-index 83c172f64cc3b02f7a739cb2754b784b7cc5427d..e7e272eababc23b5fc5f0b0c619948d7174206fa 100644
+index 901485a978b095c44d344c05564b943b5240a4e0..724d42a18a7a093608e665542859eb3c5bb81243 100644
 --- a/.gitignore
 +++ b/.gitignore
-@@ -223,6 +223,7 @@ vs-chromium-project.txt
+@@ -226,6 +226,7 @@ vs-chromium-project.txt
 /data
 /delegate_execute
 /device/serial/device_serial_mojo.xml
--- a/patches/chromium/chore_add_electron_objects_to_wrappablepointertag.patch
+++ b/patches/chromium/chore_add_electron_objects_to_wrappablepointertag.patch
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+From 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: deepak1556 <hop2deep@gmail.com>
+Date: Wed, 20 Aug 2025 04:03:11 +0900
+Subject: chore: add electron objects to WrappablePointerTag
+
+Extends gin::WrappablePointerTag with tags needed for
+electron objects that extend gin::Wrappable and gets
+allocated on the cpp heap
+
+diff --git a/gin/public/wrappable_pointer_tags.h b/gin/public/wrappable_pointer_tags.h
+index 80ec409efe1635390887d1324be661643818abff..112a23f81680f5fcc2b016d8f5362e3a03507c8a 100644
+--- a/gin/public/wrappable_pointer_tags.h
+++ b/gin/public/wrappable_pointer_tags.h
+@@ -66,7 +66,10 @@ enum WrappablePointerTag : uint16_t {
+   kTextInputControllerBindings,         // content::TextInputControllerBindings
+   kWebAXObjectProxy,                    // content::WebAXObjectProxy
+   kWrappedExceptionHandler,             // extensions::WrappedExceptionHandler
+-  kLastPointerTag = kWrappedExceptionHandler,
+  kElectronApp,                         // electron::api::App
+  kElectronSession,                     // electron::api::Session
+  kElectronEvent,                       // gin_helper::internal::Event
+  kLastPointerTag = kElectronEvent,
+ };
+ 
+ static_assert(kLastPointerTag <
--- a/patches/chromium/chore_grandfather_in_electron_views_and_delegates.patch
+++ b/patches/chromium/chore_grandfather_in_electron_views_and_delegates.patch
@@ -10,10 +10,10 @@ Subject: chore: "grandfather in" Electron Views and Delegates
 6448510: Lock further access to View::set_owned_by_client(). | https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/c/chromium/src/+/6448510

 diff --git a/ui/views/view.h b/ui/views/view.h
-index b3fa15b412fee09234839cb87d26b881697033fe..24a74c03af75ba44d3fffa395411b9b8cef36acf 100644
+index 08ec59edf033052233a105ab13cf00ada8bd4e38..b80d3ab4eb24487de6a8a27d67d23d275513b80e 100644
 --- a/ui/views/view.h
 +++ b/ui/views/view.h
-@@ -81,6 +81,19 @@ class ArcNotificationContentView;
+@@ -80,6 +80,19 @@ class ArcNotificationContentView;
 class WideFrameView;
 }  // namespace ash
 
--- a/patches/chromium/chore_introduce_blocking_api_for_electron.patch
+++ b/patches/chromium/chore_introduce_blocking_api_for_electron.patch
@@ -7,10 +7,10 @@ This patch comes after Chromium removed the ScopedAllowIO API in favor
 of explicitly adding ScopedAllowBlocking calls as friends.

 diff --git a/base/threading/thread_restrictions.h b/base/threading/thread_restrictions.h
-index f9e528588b2f2a645366c3c59148a2af06c280fe..7090003e45a213b2bc326713c6df11d764a85205 100644
+index 5625973d8cb18de3c77fbf001e02fdf2827f60fb..5d50a77051a9d2d906ec547796469d980eb42a35 100644
 --- a/base/threading/thread_restrictions.h
 +++ b/base/threading/thread_restrictions.h
-@@ -132,6 +132,7 @@ class KeyStorageLinux;
+@@ -133,6 +133,7 @@ class KeyStorageLinux;
 class NativeBackendKWallet;
 class NativeDesktopMediaList;
 class PartnerBookmarksReader;
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ index f9e528588b2f2a645366c3c59148a2af06c280fe..7090003e45a213b2bc326713c6df11d7
 class Profile;
 class ProfileImpl;
 class ScopedAllowBlockingForProfile;
-@@ -279,6 +280,9 @@ class BackendImpl;
+@@ -280,6 +281,9 @@ class BackendImpl;
 class InFlightIO;
 bool CleanupDirectorySync(const base::FilePath&);
 }  // namespace disk_cache
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ index f9e528588b2f2a645366c3c59148a2af06c280fe..7090003e45a213b2bc326713c6df11d7
 namespace enterprise_connectors {
 class LinuxKeyRotationCommand;
 }  // namespace enterprise_connectors
-@@ -572,6 +576,7 @@ class BASE_EXPORT ScopedAllowBlocking {
+@@ -574,6 +578,7 @@ class BASE_EXPORT ScopedAllowBlocking {
   friend class ::DesktopNotificationBalloon;
   friend class ::FirefoxProfileLock;
   friend class ::GaiaConfig;
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ index f9e528588b2f2a645366c3c59148a2af06c280fe..7090003e45a213b2bc326713c6df11d7
   friend class ::ProfileImpl;
   friend class ::ScopedAllowBlockingForProfile;
   friend class ::StartupTabProviderImpl;
-@@ -613,6 +618,7 @@ class BASE_EXPORT ScopedAllowBlocking {
+@@ -615,6 +620,7 @@ class BASE_EXPORT ScopedAllowBlocking {
   friend class cronet::CronetPrefsManager;
   friend class crypto::ScopedAllowBlockingForNSS;  // http://crbug.com/59847
   friend class drive::FakeDriveService;
--- a/patches/chromium/chore_partial_revert_of.patch
+++ b/patches/chromium/chore_partial_revert_of.patch
@@ -14,10 +14,10 @@ track down the source of this problem & figure out if we can fix it
 by changing something in Electron.

 diff --git a/content/browser/web_contents/web_contents_impl.cc b/content/browser/web_contents/web_contents_impl.cc
-index 158f4dc1f14fff6298aad03b3002d5d20534285d..5f467feafef5f0b2c486432f3f29303fe5e40f12 100644
+index 3a9264493f90fb8e82e34e13328d74c00d156966..dd274924f1c26efbc9fc3683f69647a0933a9855 100644
 --- a/content/browser/web_contents/web_contents_impl.cc
 +++ b/content/browser/web_contents/web_contents_impl.cc
-@@ -5287,7 +5287,7 @@ FrameTree* WebContentsImpl::CreateNewWindow(
+@@ -5275,7 +5275,7 @@ FrameTree* WebContentsImpl::CreateNewWindow(
           : IsGuest();
   // While some guest types do not have a guest SiteInstance, the ones that
   // don't all override WebContents creation above.
--- a/patches/chromium/chore_patch_out_partition_attribute_dcheck_for_webviews.patch
+++ b/patches/chromium/chore_patch_out_partition_attribute_dcheck_for_webviews.patch
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ This change patches it out to prevent the DCHECK.
 It can be removed once/if we see a better solution to the problem.

 diff --git a/content/browser/site_instance_impl.cc b/content/browser/site_instance_impl.cc
-index a7ea6f13e6506301696bf6f8c654e5dcc26d7fde..e7d359de77854b6f7f1c71c683565fe7cf5fa103 100644
+index 8221d7b96395b06ee177be302dd476c83f569eaf..4c4500421f9cd164ab49b85457e6e37e0b4a703c 100644
 --- a/content/browser/site_instance_impl.cc
 +++ b/content/browser/site_instance_impl.cc
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ scoped_refptr<SiteInstanceImpl> SiteInstanceImpl::CreateForGuest(
--- a/patches/chromium/chore_patch_out_profile_methods.patch
+++ b/patches/chromium/chore_patch_out_profile_methods.patch
@@ -27,10 +27,10 @@ index c390a83277f564f1a67a7dcffa36b9d77a35bc0b..b13273a4b194ad5e8ca2d1639ebca831
   //  When the enterprise policy is not set, use finch/feature flag choice.
   return base::FeatureList::IsEnabled(
 diff --git a/chrome/browser/pdf/pdf_extension_util.cc b/chrome/browser/pdf/pdf_extension_util.cc
-index e6ca5e24870f8449b6ea95bd5d3c7fc88225b776..8d27c28e527f123b6b6a7f12844897ce5057e26e 100644
+index 1362d0c69043ac5d1f7e72cf7ac72c272193844c..08efd98ca16555f6a7bbfb4ae3165130e843c981 100644
 --- a/chrome/browser/pdf/pdf_extension_util.cc
 +++ b/chrome/browser/pdf/pdf_extension_util.cc
-@@ -248,10 +248,13 @@ bool IsPrintingEnabled(content::BrowserContext* context) {
+@@ -271,10 +271,13 @@ bool IsPrintingEnabled(content::BrowserContext* context) {
 
 #if BUILDFLAG(IS_CHROMEOS) || BUILDFLAG(ENABLE_PDF_INK2)
 bool IsPdfAnnotationsEnabledByPolicy(content::BrowserContext* context) {
--- a/patches/chromium/chore_provide_iswebcontentscreationoverridden_with_full_params.patch
+++ b/patches/chromium/chore_provide_iswebcontentscreationoverridden_with_full_params.patch
@@ -80,10 +80,10 @@ index b6582b4013d9682d32bd524b4053b443a4df00f8..afcbce72e0f247b4d5a637b27c9f25d9
       content::WebContents* source,
       const content::OpenURLParams& params,
 diff --git a/chrome/browser/ui/browser.cc b/chrome/browser/ui/browser.cc
-index e099f30e5fdad38660acba7c2b6edea745991c61..0a9b3151af2e6d0544472a6b827edb72f974c61d 100644
+index 5cf1070e3f407fdb1748b2171b3974933d4610c1..96960883dd68c511d66414f66cf989d28bd4eb36 100644
 --- a/chrome/browser/ui/browser.cc
 +++ b/chrome/browser/ui/browser.cc
-@@ -2352,8 +2352,7 @@ bool Browser::IsWebContentsCreationOverridden(
+@@ -2390,8 +2390,7 @@ bool Browser::IsWebContentsCreationOverridden(
     content::SiteInstance* source_site_instance,
     content::mojom::WindowContainerType window_container_type,
     const GURL& opener_url,
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ index e099f30e5fdad38660acba7c2b6edea745991c61..0a9b3151af2e6d0544472a6b827edb72
   if (IsActorOperatingOnWebContents(
           profile(), content::WebContents::FromRenderFrameHost(opener))) {
     // If an ExecutionEngine is acting on the opener, prevent it from creating
-@@ -2365,7 +2364,7 @@ bool Browser::IsWebContentsCreationOverridden(
+@@ -2403,7 +2402,7 @@ bool Browser::IsWebContentsCreationOverridden(
   return (window_container_type ==
               content::mojom::WindowContainerType::BACKGROUND &&
           ShouldCreateBackgroundContents(source_site_instance, opener_url,
@@ -103,10 +103,10 @@ index e099f30e5fdad38660acba7c2b6edea745991c61..0a9b3151af2e6d0544472a6b827edb72
 
 WebContents* Browser::CreateCustomWebContents(
 diff --git a/chrome/browser/ui/browser.h b/chrome/browser/ui/browser.h
-index bf7925f401a45314d6ac9e71ff0113a792610ba7..b4bd5b6821b2ce9638abb40637454c91b5eac733 100644
+index e80708919d3122d92f6fe63e5c111c999860762e..fb19037baa4cb95f8d581f4ccf984f0b19b6ca70 100644
 --- a/chrome/browser/ui/browser.h
 +++ b/chrome/browser/ui/browser.h
-@@ -944,8 +944,7 @@ class Browser : public TabStripModelObserver,
+@@ -951,8 +951,7 @@ class Browser : public TabStripModelObserver,
       content::SiteInstance* source_site_instance,
       content::mojom::WindowContainerType window_container_type,
       const GURL& opener_url,
@@ -222,10 +222,10 @@ index b969f1d97b7e3396119b579cfbe61e19ff7d2dd4..b8d6169652da28266a514938b45b39c5
   content::WebContents* AddNewContents(
       content::WebContents* source,
 diff --git a/content/browser/web_contents/web_contents_impl.cc b/content/browser/web_contents/web_contents_impl.cc
-index 82a0eafc85ca825e04037027d0189899e47b9c99..8527faad558fd9409711e374ed6299039891c82b 100644
+index 95ea7eb743ae3e4de52741be7f2969bbf86d8a29..c9472325e55052ead090c55704b590bb6722c429 100644
 --- a/content/browser/web_contents/web_contents_impl.cc
 +++ b/content/browser/web_contents/web_contents_impl.cc
-@@ -5250,8 +5250,7 @@ FrameTree* WebContentsImpl::CreateNewWindow(
+@@ -5238,8 +5238,7 @@ FrameTree* WebContentsImpl::CreateNewWindow(
   if (delegate_ &&
       delegate_->IsWebContentsCreationOverridden(
           opener, source_site_instance, params.window_container_type,
@@ -384,10 +384,10 @@ index 756d4192271d6a65cfe8e1511737c565b543cb1f..5688f6f745056565c3c01947f741c4d1
                           int opener_render_process_id,
                           int opener_render_frame_id,
 diff --git a/headless/lib/browser/headless_web_contents_impl.cc b/headless/lib/browser/headless_web_contents_impl.cc
-index cb6c4637aab67a4a51c4afd584733e70d3f1041e..f8ef39e6af24b75daec9392d5932e6eab0c510c6 100644
+index 1d95f5b521d7ab586fcecda6d6f822b432480367..b534327a8bd5b2c31522339b30caf123734c5cc3 100644
 --- a/headless/lib/browser/headless_web_contents_impl.cc
 +++ b/headless/lib/browser/headless_web_contents_impl.cc
-@@ -207,8 +207,7 @@ class HeadlessWebContentsImpl::Delegate : public content::WebContentsDelegate {
+@@ -208,8 +208,7 @@ class HeadlessWebContentsImpl::Delegate : public content::WebContentsDelegate {
       content::SiteInstance* source_site_instance,
       content::mojom::WindowContainerType window_container_type,
       const GURL& opener_url,
--- a/patches/chromium/chore_restore_some_deprecated_wrapper_utility_in_gin.patch
+++ b/patches/chromium/chore_restore_some_deprecated_wrapper_utility_in_gin.patch
@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+From 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: deepak1556 <hop2deep@gmail.com>
+Date: Tue, 5 Aug 2025 02:26:29 +0900
+Subject: chore: restore some deprecated wrapper utility in gin
+
+Restores part of https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/c/chromium/src/+/6799157
+
+Patch can be removed once cppgc migration is complete
+https://github.com/electron/electron/issues/47922
+
+diff --git a/gin/function_template.h b/gin/function_template.h
+index 84ab9585240a49048774811718f7ebd6f988e485..f062163cdd81def12fae7e507d18a9133dd0804d 100644
+--- a/gin/function_template.h
+++ b/gin/function_template.h
+@@ -77,6 +77,7 @@ class GIN_EXPORT CallbackHolderBase {
+                     CallbackHolderBase* holder);
+     ~DisposeObserver() override;
+     void OnBeforeDispose(v8::Isolate* isolate) override;
+    void OnBeforeMicrotasksRunnerDispose(v8::Isolate* isolate) override {}
+     void OnDisposed() override;
+ 
+    private:
+diff --git a/gin/isolate_holder.cc b/gin/isolate_holder.cc
+index 083d59f78c542f4900e1b210a0935276516b894b..e32658e386853e2142c325a60ec385635256b758 100644
+--- a/gin/isolate_holder.cc
+++ b/gin/isolate_holder.cc
+@@ -225,6 +225,7 @@ void IsolateHolder::WillCreateMicrotasksRunner() {
+ 
+ void IsolateHolder::WillDestroyMicrotasksRunner() {
+   DCHECK(g_initialized_microtasks_runner);
+  isolate_data_->NotifyBeforeMicrotasksRunnerDispose();
+   g_destroyed_microtasks_runner = true;
+ }
+ 
+diff --git a/gin/per_isolate_data.cc b/gin/per_isolate_data.cc
+index 9670f9f904c6c864e82409617ac4c7698c6fc3ef..d1014af4b63da244820ff865a8e824ddf68433a9 100644
+--- a/gin/per_isolate_data.cc
+++ b/gin/per_isolate_data.cc
+@@ -79,8 +79,13 @@ void PerIsolateData::SetObjectTemplate(
+   object_templates_[info] = Eternal<ObjectTemplate>(isolate_, templ);
+ }
+ 
+-void PerIsolateData::SetFunctionTemplate(DeprecatedWrapperInfo* info,
+-                                         Local<FunctionTemplate> templ) {
+void PerIsolateData::DeprecatedSetFunctionTemplate(
+    DeprecatedWrapperInfo* info, Local<FunctionTemplate> templ) {
+  deprecated_function_templates_[info] = Eternal<FunctionTemplate>(isolate_, templ);
+}
+
+void PerIsolateData::SetFunctionTemplate(
+    const WrapperInfo* info, Local<FunctionTemplate> templ) {
+   function_templates_[info] = Eternal<FunctionTemplate>(isolate_, templ);
+ }
+ 
+@@ -103,11 +108,22 @@ v8::Local<v8::ObjectTemplate> PerIsolateData::GetObjectTemplate(
+   return it->second.Get(isolate_);
+ }
+ 
+-v8::Local<v8::FunctionTemplate> PerIsolateData::GetFunctionTemplate(
+v8::Local<v8::FunctionTemplate> PerIsolateData::DeprecatedGetFunctionTemplate(
+     DeprecatedWrapperInfo* info) {
+  DeprecatedFunctionTemplateMap::iterator it =
+      deprecated_function_templates_.find(info);
+  if (it == deprecated_function_templates_.end()) {
+    return v8::Local<v8::FunctionTemplate>();
+  }
+  return it->second.Get(isolate_);
+}
+
+v8::Local<v8::FunctionTemplate> PerIsolateData::GetFunctionTemplate(
+    const WrapperInfo* info) {
+   FunctionTemplateMap::iterator it = function_templates_.find(info);
+-  if (it == function_templates_.end())
+  if (it == function_templates_.end()) {
+     return v8::Local<v8::FunctionTemplate>();
+  }
+   return it->second.Get(isolate_);
+ }
+ 
+@@ -125,6 +141,12 @@ void PerIsolateData::NotifyBeforeDispose() {
+   }
+ }
+ 
+void PerIsolateData::NotifyBeforeMicrotasksRunnerDispose() {
+  for (auto& observer : dispose_observers_) {
+    observer.OnBeforeMicrotasksRunnerDispose(isolate_.get());
+  }
+}
+
+ void PerIsolateData::NotifyDisposed() {
+   for (auto& observer : dispose_observers_) {
+     observer.OnDisposed();
+diff --git a/gin/per_isolate_data.h b/gin/per_isolate_data.h
+index 82048c08a14d05e1f9bd6ad6cc16d16f0905f879..e38b0ca134e71a968805a547c1eccbc0cd6f6dda 100644
+--- a/gin/per_isolate_data.h
+++ b/gin/per_isolate_data.h
+@@ -34,6 +34,10 @@ class GIN_EXPORT PerIsolateData {
+     // be entered before the observer is notified, but there will not be a
+     // handle scope by default.
+     virtual void OnBeforeDispose(v8::Isolate* isolate) = 0;
+
+    // Called just before the microtasks runner is about to be disposed.
+    virtual void OnBeforeMicrotasksRunnerDispose(v8::Isolate* isolate) = 0;
+
+     // Called just after the isolate has been disposed.
+     virtual void OnDisposed() = 0;
+   };
+@@ -61,24 +65,29 @@ class GIN_EXPORT PerIsolateData {
+   void SetObjectTemplate(const WrapperInfo* info,
+                          v8::Local<v8::ObjectTemplate> object_template);
+ 
+-  void SetFunctionTemplate(DeprecatedWrapperInfo* info,
+-                           v8::Local<v8::FunctionTemplate> function_template);
+  void DeprecatedSetFunctionTemplate(
+      DeprecatedWrapperInfo* info,
+      v8::Local<v8::FunctionTemplate> function_template);
+
+  void SetFunctionTemplate(
+      const WrapperInfo* info,
+      v8::Local<v8::FunctionTemplate> function_template);
+ 
+-  // These are low-level functions for retrieving object or function templates
+-  // stored in this object. Because these templates are often created lazily,
+-  // most clients should call higher-level functions that know how to populate
+-  // these templates if they haven't already been created.
+   v8::Local<v8::ObjectTemplate> DeprecatedGetObjectTemplate(
+       DeprecatedWrapperInfo* info);
+ 
+   v8::Local<v8::ObjectTemplate> GetObjectTemplate(const WrapperInfo* info);
+ 
+-  v8::Local<v8::FunctionTemplate> GetFunctionTemplate(
+  v8::Local<v8::FunctionTemplate> DeprecatedGetFunctionTemplate(
+       DeprecatedWrapperInfo* info);
+ 
+  v8::Local<v8::FunctionTemplate> GetFunctionTemplate(
+      const WrapperInfo* info);
+
+   void AddDisposeObserver(DisposeObserver* observer);
+   void RemoveDisposeObserver(DisposeObserver* observer);
+   void NotifyBeforeDispose();
+  void NotifyBeforeMicrotasksRunnerDispose();
+   void NotifyDisposed();
+ 
+   void EnableIdleTasks(std::unique_ptr<V8IdleTaskRunner> idle_task_runner);
+@@ -99,6 +108,8 @@ class GIN_EXPORT PerIsolateData {
+   typedef std::map<const WrapperInfo*, v8::Eternal<v8::ObjectTemplate>>
+       ObjectTemplateMap;
+   typedef std::map<DeprecatedWrapperInfo*, v8::Eternal<v8::FunctionTemplate>>
+      DeprecatedFunctionTemplateMap;
+  typedef std::map<const WrapperInfo*, v8::Eternal<v8::FunctionTemplate>>
+       FunctionTemplateMap;
+ 
+   // PerIsolateData doesn't actually own |isolate_|. Instead, the isolate is
+@@ -107,6 +118,7 @@ class GIN_EXPORT PerIsolateData {
+   raw_ptr<v8::ArrayBuffer::Allocator, DanglingUntriaged> allocator_;
+   DeprecatedObjectTemplateMap deprecated_object_templates_;
+   ObjectTemplateMap object_templates_;
+  DeprecatedFunctionTemplateMap deprecated_function_templates_;
+   FunctionTemplateMap function_templates_;
+   base::ObserverList<DisposeObserver> dispose_observers_;
+   std::shared_ptr<V8ForegroundTaskRunnerBase> task_runner_;
--- a/patches/chromium/command-ismediakey.patch
+++ b/patches/chromium/command-ismediakey.patch
@@ -39,10 +39,10 @@ index e87c180342b967756efeb701c73207fcee8754f1..42e37564e585987d367921568f0f1d2b
           NOTREACHED();
       }
 diff --git a/ui/base/accelerators/global_accelerator_listener/global_accelerator_listener_ozone.cc b/ui/base/accelerators/global_accelerator_listener/global_accelerator_listener_ozone.cc
-index c8ebf2a2f2dde80a53fbeac7a86657999709840a..8ad1bc55f633a6cef38ddd37ab465fa85ad14c34 100644
+index b6985bd63a34c55154fcfae601add6ce6c451704..fb44cc65b1a15c8b69410a2a2cb925a0326bb438 100644
 --- a/ui/base/accelerators/global_accelerator_listener/global_accelerator_listener_ozone.cc
 +++ b/ui/base/accelerators/global_accelerator_listener/global_accelerator_listener_ozone.cc
-@@ -155,7 +155,8 @@ bool GlobalAcceleratorListenerOzone::StartListeningForAccelerator(
+@@ -147,7 +147,8 @@ bool GlobalAcceleratorListenerOzone::StartListeningForAccelerator(
   const bool registered =
       platform_global_shortcut_listener_->RegisterAccelerator(
           accelerator.key_code(), accelerator.IsAltDown(),
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ index c8ebf2a2f2dde80a53fbeac7a86657999709840a..8ad1bc55f633a6cef38ddd37ab465fa8
   if (registered) {
     registered_hot_keys_.insert(accelerator);
   }
-@@ -170,14 +171,15 @@ void GlobalAcceleratorListenerOzone::StopListeningForAccelerator(
+@@ -162,14 +163,15 @@ void GlobalAcceleratorListenerOzone::StopListeningForAccelerator(
 
   platform_global_shortcut_listener_->UnregisterAccelerator(
       accelerator.key_code(), accelerator.IsAltDown(), accelerator.IsCtrlDown(),
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ index c8ebf2a2f2dde80a53fbeac7a86657999709840a..8ad1bc55f633a6cef38ddd37ab465fa8
   int modifiers = 0;
   if (is_alt_down) {
     modifiers |= ui::EF_ALT_DOWN;
-@@ -188,6 +190,9 @@ void GlobalAcceleratorListenerOzone::OnKeyPressed(ui::KeyboardCode key_code,
+@@ -180,6 +182,9 @@ void GlobalAcceleratorListenerOzone::OnKeyPressed(ui::KeyboardCode key_code,
   if (is_shift_down) {
     modifiers |= ui::EF_SHIFT_DOWN;
   }
--- a/patches/chromium/create_browser_v8_snapshot_file_name_fuse.patch
+++ b/patches/chromium/create_browser_v8_snapshot_file_name_fuse.patch
@@ -94,10 +94,10 @@ index db611d99a6c0f18f39967b38791822fda7d175b5..cc150475de655d5ef20a107ae3ef80c0
   friend class ContentClientCreator;
   friend class ContentClientInitializer;
 diff --git a/gin/v8_initializer.cc b/gin/v8_initializer.cc
-index c1320f5e482d17293b3037267f90fbf17cce3bfa..f83461b3a1aff229164358e53847065ddae5ddf1 100644
+index 95d0cac02240f0a64a129cb101a53a3bb86fc914..47144ad8adb01ae611f40570e46fc97a7c93e1d5 100644
 --- a/gin/v8_initializer.cc
 +++ b/gin/v8_initializer.cc
-@@ -657,8 +657,7 @@ void V8Initializer::GetV8ExternalSnapshotData(const char** snapshot_data_out,
+@@ -654,8 +654,7 @@ void V8Initializer::GetV8ExternalSnapshotData(const char** snapshot_data_out,
 
 #if defined(V8_USE_EXTERNAL_STARTUP_DATA)
 
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ index c1320f5e482d17293b3037267f90fbf17cce3bfa..f83461b3a1aff229164358e53847065d
   if (g_mapped_snapshot) {
     // TODO(crbug.com/40558459): Confirm not loading different type of snapshot
     // files in a process.
-@@ -667,10 +666,17 @@ void V8Initializer::LoadV8Snapshot(V8SnapshotFileType snapshot_file_type) {
+@@ -664,10 +663,17 @@ void V8Initializer::LoadV8Snapshot(V8SnapshotFileType snapshot_file_type) {
 
   base::MemoryMappedFile::Region file_region;
   base::File file =
--- a/patches/chromium/custom_protocols_plzserviceworker.patch
+++ b/patches/chromium/custom_protocols_plzserviceworker.patch
@@ -8,10 +8,10 @@ Allow registering custom protocols to handle service worker main script fetching
 Refs https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=996511

 diff --git a/content/browser/service_worker/service_worker_context_wrapper.cc b/content/browser/service_worker/service_worker_context_wrapper.cc
-index e08dddd88f7787884f0162966db6297c67d92770..847e6a6941486879972fb593ce510a4b76c8b72e 100644
+index 6bcf498a08a4600b6fb4892e395d6d20bf771057..5d4b50fbfdb43a3efee99f2e27b7fed1fac42e9e 100644
 --- a/content/browser/service_worker/service_worker_context_wrapper.cc
 +++ b/content/browser/service_worker/service_worker_context_wrapper.cc
-@@ -1947,6 +1947,26 @@ ServiceWorkerContextWrapper::GetLoaderFactoryForBrowserInitiatedRequest(
+@@ -1956,6 +1956,26 @@ ServiceWorkerContextWrapper::GetLoaderFactoryForBrowserInitiatedRequest(
       loader_factory_bundle_info =
           context()->loader_factory_bundle_for_update_check()->Clone();
 
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ index e08dddd88f7787884f0162966db6297c67d92770..847e6a6941486879972fb593ce510a4b
   if (auto* config = content::WebUIConfigMap::GetInstance().GetConfig(
           browser_context(), scope)) {
     // If this is a Service Worker for a WebUI, the WebUI's URLDataSource
-@@ -1966,9 +1986,7 @@ ServiceWorkerContextWrapper::GetLoaderFactoryForBrowserInitiatedRequest(
+@@ -1975,9 +1995,7 @@ ServiceWorkerContextWrapper::GetLoaderFactoryForBrowserInitiatedRequest(
             features::kEnableServiceWorkersForChromeScheme) &&
         scope.scheme_piece() == kChromeUIScheme) {
       config->RegisterURLDataSource(browser_context());
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ index e08dddd88f7787884f0162966db6297c67d92770..847e6a6941486879972fb593ce510a4b
           .emplace(kChromeUIScheme, CreateWebUIServiceWorkerLoaderFactory(
                                         browser_context(), kChromeUIScheme,
                                         base::flat_set<std::string>()));
-@@ -1976,9 +1994,7 @@ ServiceWorkerContextWrapper::GetLoaderFactoryForBrowserInitiatedRequest(
+@@ -1985,9 +2003,7 @@ ServiceWorkerContextWrapper::GetLoaderFactoryForBrowserInitiatedRequest(
                    features::kEnableServiceWorkersForChromeUntrusted) &&
                scope.scheme_piece() == kChromeUIUntrustedScheme) {
       config->RegisterURLDataSource(browser_context());
--- a/patches/chromium/desktop_media_list.patch
+++ b/patches/chromium/desktop_media_list.patch
@@ -82,10 +82,10 @@ index 786c526588d81b8b5b1b5dd3760719a53e005995..f66b7d0b4dfcbb8ed3dde5a9ff463ae2
   const Source& GetSource(int index) const override;
   DesktopMediaList::Type GetMediaListType() const override;
 diff --git a/chrome/browser/media/webrtc/native_desktop_media_list.cc b/chrome/browser/media/webrtc/native_desktop_media_list.cc
-index 024d7d74547e248ca685dc2fa8d0cdeb66b42c55..fc90627d0f733d49903325bb2f70b9980dd37184 100644
+index 4383a2dd4a132e3012c206404399d73ac2d40ad4..912921c2b448e2badac50e8a7ed527aeb8f433a9 100644
 --- a/chrome/browser/media/webrtc/native_desktop_media_list.cc
 +++ b/chrome/browser/media/webrtc/native_desktop_media_list.cc
-@@ -216,9 +216,13 @@ content::DesktopMediaID::Id GetUpdatedWindowId(
+@@ -214,9 +214,13 @@ content::DesktopMediaID::Id GetUpdatedWindowId(
     }
   }
 #elif BUILDFLAG(IS_MAC)
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ index 024d7d74547e248ca685dc2fa8d0cdeb66b42c55..fc90627d0f733d49903325bb2f70b998
 #endif
 
   return window_id;
-@@ -321,7 +325,7 @@ class NativeDesktopMediaList::Worker
+@@ -319,7 +323,7 @@ class NativeDesktopMediaList::Worker
   base::WeakPtr<NativeDesktopMediaList> media_list_;
 
   DesktopMediaID::Type source_type_;
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ index 024d7d74547e248ca685dc2fa8d0cdeb66b42c55..fc90627d0f733d49903325bb2f70b998
   const ThumbnailCapturer::FrameDeliveryMethod frame_delivery_method_;
   const bool add_current_process_windows_;
   const bool auto_show_delegated_source_list_;
-@@ -603,6 +607,12 @@ void NativeDesktopMediaList::Worker::RefreshNextThumbnail() {
+@@ -601,6 +605,12 @@ void NativeDesktopMediaList::Worker::RefreshNextThumbnail() {
       FROM_HERE,
       base::BindOnce(&NativeDesktopMediaList::UpdateNativeThumbnailsFinished,
                      media_list_));
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ index 024d7d74547e248ca685dc2fa8d0cdeb66b42c55..fc90627d0f733d49903325bb2f70b998
 }
 
 void NativeDesktopMediaList::Worker::OnCaptureResult(
-@@ -1010,6 +1020,11 @@ void NativeDesktopMediaList::RefreshForVizFrameSinkWindows(
+@@ -1008,6 +1018,11 @@ void NativeDesktopMediaList::RefreshForVizFrameSinkWindows(
         FROM_HERE, base::BindOnce(&Worker::RefreshThumbnails,
                                   base::Unretained(worker_.get()),
                                   std::move(native_ids), thumbnail_size_));
--- a/patches/chromium/disable_compositor_recycling.patch
+++ b/patches/chromium/disable_compositor_recycling.patch
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ Subject: fix: disabling compositor recycling
 Compositor recycling is useful for Chrome because there can be many tabs and spinning up a compositor for each one would be costly. In practice, Chrome uses the parent compositor code path of browser_compositor_view_mac.mm; the NSView of each tab is detached when it's hidden and attached when it's shown. For Electron, there is no parent compositor, so we're forced into the "own compositor" code path, which seems to be non-optimal and pretty ruthless in terms of the release of resources. Electron has no real concept of multiple tabs per window, so it should be okay to disable this ruthless recycling altogether in Electron.

 diff --git a/content/browser/renderer_host/render_widget_host_view_mac.mm b/content/browser/renderer_host/render_widget_host_view_mac.mm
-index f26dd97bebd2c467d5a13b98b3f75afb14a615c2..20f73565457d38c3af87e9d76a1df527490cb217 100644
+index 59c8d5a2e687ac6148889c87f353b33959e276f6..7ef10194f02e32a9ec137f7f2519c4a834b81b7a 100644
 --- a/content/browser/renderer_host/render_widget_host_view_mac.mm
 +++ b/content/browser/renderer_host/render_widget_host_view_mac.mm
@@ -561,7 +561,11 @@
--- a/patches/chromium/expose_referrerscriptinfo_hostdefinedoptionsindex.patch
+++ b/patches/chromium/expose_referrerscriptinfo_hostdefinedoptionsindex.patch
@@ -1,53 +0,0 @@
-From 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
-From: Fedor Indutny <indutny@signal.org>
-Date: Wed, 24 Sep 2025 10:08:48 -0700
-Subject: Expose ReferrerScriptInfo::HostDefinedOptionsIndex
-
-In `shell/common/node_bindings.cc`'s
-`HostImportModuleWithPhaseDynamically` we route dynamic imports to
-either Node.js's or Blink's resolver based on presence of Node.js
-environment, process type, etc. Exporting `HostDefinedOptionsIndex`
-allows us to route based on the size of `v8_host_defined_options` data
-which enables us to support dynamic imports in non-context-isolated
-preload scripts.
-
-diff --git a/third_party/blink/renderer/bindings/core/v8/referrer_script_info.cc b/third_party/blink/renderer/bindings/core/v8/referrer_script_info.cc
-index 1b797783987255622735047bd78ca0e8bb635d5e..b209c736bb80c186ed51999af1dac0a1d50fc232 100644
--- a/third_party/blink/renderer/bindings/core/v8/referrer_script_info.cc
-+++ b/third_party/blink/renderer/bindings/core/v8/referrer_script_info.cc
-@@ -12,15 +12,6 @@ namespace blink {
- 
- namespace {
- 
-enum HostDefinedOptionsIndex : size_t {
-  kBaseURL,
-  kCredentialsMode,
-  kNonce,
-  kParserState,
-  kReferrerPolicy,
-  kLength
-};
-
- // Omit storing base URL if it is same as ScriptOrigin::ResourceName().
- // Note: This improves chance of getting into a fast path in
- //       ReferrerScriptInfo::ToV8HostDefinedOptions.
-diff --git a/third_party/blink/renderer/bindings/core/v8/referrer_script_info.h b/third_party/blink/renderer/bindings/core/v8/referrer_script_info.h
-index 0119624a028bec3e53e4e402938a98fe6def1483..743865839448748fe00e3e7d5027587cb65393c9 100644
--- a/third_party/blink/renderer/bindings/core/v8/referrer_script_info.h
-+++ b/third_party/blink/renderer/bindings/core/v8/referrer_script_info.h
-@@ -23,6 +23,15 @@ class CORE_EXPORT ReferrerScriptInfo {
-   STACK_ALLOCATED();
- 
-  public:
-+  enum HostDefinedOptionsIndex : size_t {
-+    kBaseURL,
-+    kCredentialsMode,
-+    kNonce,
-+    kParserState,
-+    kReferrerPolicy,
-+    kLength
-+  };
-+
-   ReferrerScriptInfo() {}
-   ReferrerScriptInfo(const KURL& base_url,
-                      network::mojom::CredentialsMode credentials_mode,
--- a/patches/chromium/expose_setuseragent_on_networkcontext.patch
+++ b/patches/chromium/expose_setuseragent_on_networkcontext.patch
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ index 0ab8187b0db8ae6db46d81738f653a2bc4c566f6..de3d55e85c22317f7f9375eb94d0d5d4
 
 }  // namespace net
 diff --git a/services/network/network_context.cc b/services/network/network_context.cc
-index d3982d4608c76dcc583ab26914d0f17435f1532f..a1ed237de6315df0534c6e462f3d63bd311dd5a2 100644
+index 7721b8e827d9aac6e90ddfe3de264f41915219f2..1bc4f24c3f0eb843033d2aa541d81e910f8021b0 100644
 --- a/services/network/network_context.cc
 +++ b/services/network/network_context.cc
@@ -1872,6 +1872,13 @@ void NetworkContext::SetNetworkConditions(
--- a/patches/chromium/extend_apply_webpreferences.patch
+++ b/patches/chromium/extend_apply_webpreferences.patch
@@ -15,10 +15,10 @@ Ideally we could add an embedder observer pattern here but that can be
 done in future work.

 diff --git a/third_party/blink/renderer/core/exported/web_view_impl.cc b/third_party/blink/renderer/core/exported/web_view_impl.cc
-index 6ba55d345d4b18c9c76e26a8a1eb3835dd692581..a2eea9184ebab62c057c0c6e370f03f3b0460859 100644
+index b9799837c7ce14fc76045700b30e1358d4705251..5b3ab0837b5a85b4e7dd1685db75f65cd4d5ff43 100644
 --- a/third_party/blink/renderer/core/exported/web_view_impl.cc
 +++ b/third_party/blink/renderer/core/exported/web_view_impl.cc
-@@ -1886,6 +1886,8 @@ void WebView::ApplyWebPreferences(const web_pref::WebPreferences& prefs,
+@@ -1890,6 +1890,8 @@ void WebView::ApplyWebPreferences(const web_pref::WebPreferences& prefs,
 #if BUILDFLAG(IS_MAC)
   web_view_impl->SetMaximumLegibleScale(
       prefs.default_maximum_page_scale_factor);
--- a/patches/chromium/feat_add_set_theme_source_to_allow_apps_to.patch
+++ b/patches/chromium/feat_add_set_theme_source_to_allow_apps_to.patch
@@ -26,10 +26,10 @@ index 3f8801c6042ef2b20635838e4d4c572d89b94601..055b15ff72844cd54c60cc92042a5465
 }
 
 diff --git a/ui/native_theme/native_theme.h b/ui/native_theme/native_theme.h
-index 97cceb20da0fccf0603cf2d4b1c8985314b1e850..0632d7fdc975dfdc3cc24bd8e641a2680fabc45d 100644
+index 67d63aa0048c2a4e331763a869b46bc1142b921c..34ddc49fe66c1824734a6d524af68862892801e2 100644
 --- a/ui/native_theme/native_theme.h
 +++ b/ui/native_theme/native_theme.h
-@@ -458,6 +458,23 @@ class COMPONENT_EXPORT(NATIVE_THEME) NativeTheme {
+@@ -459,6 +459,23 @@ class COMPONENT_EXPORT(NATIVE_THEME) NativeTheme {
       scoped_refptr<ColorProviderKey::ThemeInitializerSupplier> custom_theme,
       bool use_custom_frame = true) const;
 
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ index 97cceb20da0fccf0603cf2d4b1c8985314b1e850..0632d7fdc975dfdc3cc24bd8e641a268
   // Returns a shared instance of the native theme that should be used for web
   // rendering. Do not use it in a normal application context (i.e. browser).
   // The returned object should not be deleted by the caller. This function is
-@@ -713,6 +730,7 @@ class COMPONENT_EXPORT(NATIVE_THEME) NativeTheme {
+@@ -714,6 +731,7 @@ class COMPONENT_EXPORT(NATIVE_THEME) NativeTheme {
   PreferredContrast preferred_contrast_ = PreferredContrast::kNoPreference;
   std::optional<base::TimeDelta> caret_blink_interval_;
   bool use_overlay_scrollbars_ = false;
--- a/patches/chromium/feat_add_signals_when_embedder_cleanup_callbacks_run_for.patch
+++ b/patches/chromium/feat_add_signals_when_embedder_cleanup_callbacks_run_for.patch
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ remove this patch once gin::Wrappable can be managed by V8 Oilpan
 via https://github.com/electron/electron/issues/47922

 diff --git a/gin/isolate_holder.cc b/gin/isolate_holder.cc
-index 5255c1094c88761c19af1ea294ceccaca63b5ae4..bb1639d73070a99984b72eb61afd001dec5b08ff 100644
+index 656267caef2d515f8c3f77535b308108a0b30be1..083d59f78c542f4900e1b210a0935276516b894b 100644
 --- a/gin/isolate_holder.cc
 +++ b/gin/isolate_holder.cc
@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ v8::ArrayBuffer::Allocator* g_array_buffer_allocator = nullptr;
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ index 5255c1094c88761c19af1ea294ceccaca63b5ae4..bb1639d73070a99984b72eb61afd001d
 
 std::unique_ptr<v8::Isolate::CreateParams> getModifiedIsolateParams(
     std::unique_ptr<v8::Isolate::CreateParams> params,
-@@ -203,10 +205,26 @@ IsolateHolder::getDefaultIsolateParams() {
+@@ -204,10 +206,26 @@ IsolateHolder::getDefaultIsolateParams() {
   return params;
 }
 
--- a/patches/chromium/feat_add_streaming-protocol_registry_to_multibuffer_data_source.patch
+++ b/patches/chromium/feat_add_streaming-protocol_registry_to_multibuffer_data_source.patch
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ which removed range-requests-supported on non-http protocols. See https://issues
 for more information.

 diff --git a/third_party/blink/renderer/platform/media/multi_buffer_data_source.cc b/third_party/blink/renderer/platform/media/multi_buffer_data_source.cc
-index 14eeb24b27ae9c3798fac7cfbb2ef53b85250dbe..dfcb69a1bf75af5e315e02702109b958fa8edfcf 100644
+index 5972dcf91aeb8446af4fa0b902b086a5492815bd..ac37d7f601f24d9ec53c4c1fd5e00c8a262e1580 100644
 --- a/third_party/blink/renderer/platform/media/multi_buffer_data_source.cc
 +++ b/third_party/blink/renderer/platform/media/multi_buffer_data_source.cc
@@ -11,8 +11,10 @@
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ index 8c92f1c0c5028069cdad967b5be2bccf8005ed43..8b49dc182296f7f277981aed29b58947
   using InitializeCB = base::OnceCallback<void(bool)>;
   void Initialize(InitializeCB init_cb) override;
 diff --git a/third_party/blink/renderer/platform/media/resource_multi_buffer_data_provider.cc b/third_party/blink/renderer/platform/media/resource_multi_buffer_data_provider.cc
-index 1fdc54c1de28ef0c32fc9a386097d95b48aedcaa..5822251daaa9fa5a49ace1bdad684e0076c225dc 100644
+index 1b5dc45902fc30386dfcb98a19d532e3be46706b..fb2c7f09c210f6aa178e663b1c1ce91468c71e10 100644
 --- a/third_party/blink/renderer/platform/media/resource_multi_buffer_data_provider.cc
 +++ b/third_party/blink/renderer/platform/media/resource_multi_buffer_data_provider.cc
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ index 1fdc54c1de28ef0c32fc9a386097d95b48aedcaa..5822251daaa9fa5a49ace1bdad684e00
 #include "third_party/blink/renderer/platform/media/resource_fetch_context.h"
 #include "third_party/blink/renderer/platform/media/url_index.h"
 #include "third_party/blink/renderer/platform/weborigin/security_origin.h"
-@@ -313,6 +315,16 @@ void ResourceMultiBufferDataProvider::DidReceiveResponse(
+@@ -314,6 +316,16 @@ void ResourceMultiBufferDataProvider::DidReceiveResponse(
       do_fail = true;
     }
   } else {
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More