* Revert "fix: fix Windows MSIX release build errors (#49613)"
This reverts commit 4b5d5f9dd5.
Co-authored-by: Keeley Hammond <khammond@slack-corp.com>
* refactor: use WRL ComPtr pattern for MSIX to avoid exception handling
The MSIX auto-updater code was using C++/WinRT (winrt::* namespace), which requires exception handling (/EHsc). Mixing exception and non-exception handling code in the same binary is problematic at runtime. This commit refactors electron_api_msix_updater.cc to use an upstream Chromium pattern and eliminates the need for special exception handling build flags
Co-authored-by: Keeley Hammond <khammond@slack-corp.com>
* build: import correct packages
Co-authored-by: Keeley Hammond <khammond@slack-corp.com>
* build: consolidate IPackage declarations
Co-authored-by: Keeley Hammond <khammond@slack-corp.com>
* refactor: use IPackageManager/IPackageManager5/IPackageManager9 and IPackage/IPackage2/IPackage4/IPackage6 interfaces as needed for different API methods.
Also consolidates duplicate completion handler logic, fixes a bug in
RegisterRestartOnUpdate where the command line string could go out of
scope, and removes unused includes.
Co-authored-by: Keeley Hammond <khammond@slack-corp.com>
---------
Co-authored-by: trop[bot] <37223003+trop[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Keeley Hammond <khammond@slack-corp.com>
fix: clean up old staged updates before downloading new update
When checkForUpdates() is called while an update is already staged,
Squirrel creates a new temporary directory for the download without
cleaning up the old one. This can lead to disk usage growth when
new versions are released while the app hasn't restarted.
This adds a force parameter to pruneUpdateDirectories that bypasses
the AwaitingRelaunch state check. This is called before creating a
new temp directory, ensuring old staged updates are cleaned up.
Co-authored-by: trop[bot] <37223003+trop[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Andy Locascio <loc@anthropic.com>
Refs https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/6880247
Fixes a crash that can arise in the File System Access API in the
following scenario:
1. Create fileHandle1 at path1.
2. Call fileHandle1.remove() or user manually delete the file.
3. Create fileHandle2 at path2.
4. fileHandle2.move(path1).
Co-authored-by: trop[bot] <37223003+trop[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Shelley Vohr <shelley.vohr@gmail.com>
fix: second argument to shell.writeShortcutLink is optional
Co-authored-by: trop[bot] <37223003+trop[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Shelley Vohr <shelley.vohr@gmail.com>
fix: return early from beep on linux if there is no default gdk display
Co-authored-by: trop[bot] <37223003+trop[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Noah Gregory <noahmgregory@gmail.com>
docs: Update shell.md: Document that shell.trashItem requires backslashes
In Windows many functions relating to files (e.g. shell.openItem, the Node fs functions, as well as native Win32 APIs) will accept either type of slash / or \ as a folder separator.
shell.trashItem does not work with / as folder separator in Windows. This documentation change explains that.
See also:
https://github.com/electron/electron/issues/28831
Co-authored-by: trop[bot] <37223003+trop[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: sam marshall <s.marshall@open.ac.uk>
Starting from Chromium 134.0.6989.0 (Electron 35.0.0-beta.5), the
NativeWidgetMacNSWindow class overrides accessibilityDocument to return
the web content URL from the accessibility tree, but doesn't fall back
to NSWindow's default behavior when that URL is empty.
This broke Electron's setRepresentedFilename() API - the file path was
still set on the NSWindow, but no longer exposed via the AXDocument
accessibility attribute that screen readers use.
This fix adds an accessibilityDocument override in ElectronNSWindow that
checks representedFilename first, falling back to Chromium's behavior
for web content URLs.
Fixes: https://github.com/electron/electron/issues/XXXXX
Co-authored-by: trop[bot] <37223003+trop[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Daniel Gräfe <Daniel.Alm@ForumD.net>
* chore: disable color output for clang-tidy in CI
Co-authored-by: David Sanders <dsanders11@ucsbalum.com>
* chore: small QoL improvements to run-clang-tidy.ts
Co-authored-by: David Sanders <dsanders11@ucsbalum.com>
* chore: add --fix option to script/run-clang-tidy.ts
Co-authored-by: David Sanders <dsanders11@ucsbalum.com>
---------
Co-authored-by: trop[bot] <37223003+trop[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: David Sanders <dsanders11@ucsbalum.com>
* fix: `webRequest.onBeforeSendHeaders` not being able to modify reserved headers
Co-authored-by: Samuel Attard <sattard@anthropic.com>
* chore: add unit test for reserved header
Co-authored-by: Samuel Attard <sattard@anthropic.com>
---------
Co-authored-by: trop[bot] <37223003+trop[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Samuel Attard <sattard@anthropic.com>
* fix: run toast creation on background thread
notes: attempts to fix app freeze when triggering notifications and the COM server in WindowsShellExperienceHost hangs
Co-authored-by: Jan Hannemann <jan.hannemann@outlook.com>
* fix: comments
Co-authored-by: Jan Hannemann <jan.hannemann@outlook.com>
---------
Co-authored-by: trop[bot] <37223003+trop[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Jan Hannemann <jan.hannemann@outlook.com>
This should fix the oom errors
Co-authored-by: trop[bot] <37223003+trop[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: John Kleinschmidt <jkleinsc@electronjs.org>
* test: fixup spec runner to properly fail on linux when tests fail
* test: fixup dbus tests
* test: disable context menu spellcheck tests on linux
https://github.com/electron/electron/pull/48657 broke those tests
(cherry picked from commit cc3c999148)
* test:rebuild native modules
(cherry picked from commit bb8e2a924b)
* fix: wait for devtools blur event in focus test to avoid race condition
(cherry picked from commit 6fd2575cbc)
* fix: wait for devtools blur event in focus test to avoid race condition
(cherry picked from commit ea830139af)
---------
Co-authored-by: Alice Zhao <alicelovescake@anthropic.com>
In 6399527761 we changed the path strings
that `node_modules.cc` operates on from single-byte to wide strings.
Unfortunately this means that `generic_path()` that the
"fix: ensure TraverseParent bails on resource path exit" patch was
calling was no longer a safe method to call on Windows if the underlying
string has unicode characters in it.
Here we fix it by using `ConvertGenericPathToUTF8` from the Node.js
internal utilities.
* docs: explain how to load SF Symbols with `nativeImage`
Co-authored-by: Niklas Wenzel <dev@nikwen.de>
* fix: use single quotes
Co-authored-by: Niklas Wenzel <dev@nikwen.de>
* fix: use single quotes
Co-authored-by: Niklas Wenzel <dev@nikwen.de>
---------
Co-authored-by: trop[bot] <37223003+trop[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Niklas Wenzel <dev@nikwen.de>
Make setFocusable only deactivate a window if focusable is false. Do not deactivate a window when setting focusable to true.
Co-authored-by: trop[bot] <37223003+trop[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: vulture <isu@vulture.fm>
* docs(timelines): Correct v40.0.0 stable release date
On the Electron Timelines tutorial page (/docs/latest/tutorial/electron-timelines), there is a clear typo in the release schedule for v40.0.0.
The table currently lists the dates as:
* Alpha: 2025-Oct-30
* Beta: 2025-Dec-03
* **Stable: 2025-Oct-28**
This is logically incorrect, as the 'Stable' release date (Oct 28) is listed *before* both the 'Alpha' (Oct 30) and 'Beta' (Dec 03) dates for the same version.
This appears to be a copy-paste error, as the 'Stable' date (2025-Oct-28) is identical to the 'Stable' date for the v39.0.0 release in the preceding row.
This commit updates the 'Stable' date for v40.0.0 to its correct value, ensuring the timeline is accurate and logical.
Co-authored-by: 정승규 <43807509+jsk41755@users.noreply.github.com>
* docs: Update v40.0.0 stable date to 2026-Jan-13 based on Chromium schedule
Co-authored-by: 정승규 <43807509+jsk41755@users.noreply.github.com>
---------
Co-authored-by: trop[bot] <37223003+trop[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: 정승규 <43807509+jsk41755@users.noreply.github.com>
* fix: enable wasm trap handlers in all Node.js processes
Co-authored-by: deepak1556 <hop2deep@gmail.com>
* fix: separate registrations to account for featurelist init
Co-authored-by: deepak1556 <hop2deep@gmail.com>
* build: add missing header for SetStackDumpFirstChanceCallback
* fix: pdf spec
delay load pdfjs-dist which compiles wasm on load, trap handlers
will be initialized once the user script starts but before app#ready.
---------
Co-authored-by: trop[bot] <37223003+trop[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: deepak1556 <hop2deep@gmail.com>
`bringToFront` DevTools message is sent when breakpoint is triggered
or inspect is called and Chromium upon this message activates DevTools
via `DevToolsUIBindings::Delegate::ActivateWindow`:
```
void DevToolsWindow::ActivateWindow() {
if (life_stage_ != kLoadCompleted)
return;
\#if BUILDFLAG(IS_ANDROID)
NOTIMPLEMENTED();
\#else
if (is_docked_ && GetInspectedBrowserWindow())
main_web_contents_->Focus();
else if (!is_docked_ && browser_ && !browser_->window()->IsActive())
browser_->window()->Activate();
\#endif
}
```
which implements: `DevToolsUIBindings::Delegate::ActivateWindow`.
Electron also implements this interface in:
`electron::InspectableWebContents`. However it was only setting
a zoom level, therefore this commit extends it with activation
of the DevTools.
Only supported for DevTools manged by `electron::InspectableWebContents`.
Closes: #37388
Co-authored-by: trop[bot] <37223003+trop[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Michał Pichliński <michal.pichlinski@here.io>
fix: fix the issue where the parent window remained interactive after the modal window was opened in somecases.
Co-authored-by: trop[bot] <37223003+trop[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Bill Shen <15865969+cucbin@users.noreply.github.com>
The install process spawn was not capturing its own signal variable,
causing the error check to incorrectly reference the build signal
instead. This could lead to:
- Install termination by signal going undetected
- False positive errors when build was killed but install succeeded
This commit ensures the install signal is properly captured and
checked, matching the pattern used for the build process.
Co-authored-by: trop[bot] <37223003+trop[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: KinshukSS2 <kinshuk380@gmail.com>
* ci: add more fields to Slack payload for backport requested message
Co-authored-by: David Sanders <dsanders11@ucsbalum.com>
* chore: wrap values with toJSON
Co-authored-by: David Sanders <dsanders11@ucsbalum.com>
---------
Co-authored-by: trop[bot] <37223003+trop[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: David Sanders <dsanders11@ucsbalum.com>
If either `npm_config_electron_use_remote_checksums` or
`electron_use_remote_checksums` are set as environment variables, then
force Electron to verify with remote checksums instead of embedded ones.
Fixes#48594.
Co-authored-by: trop[bot] <37223003+trop[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Charles Kerr <charles@charleskerr.com>
* feat: Implement `getAccentColor` on Linux
Co-authored-by: Tau Gärtli <git@tau.garden>
* doc: Update OS support for accent color APIs
Co-authored-by: Tau Gärtli <git@tau.garden>
---------
Co-authored-by: trop[bot] <37223003+trop[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Tau Gärtli <git@tau.garden>
Dynamic ESM import in non-context-isolated preload
Extend `HostImportModuleWithPhaseDynamically`'s routing to support
Node.js import resolution in non-context-isolated preloads through
`v8_host_defined_options` length check. The length of host defined
options is distinct between Blink and Node.js and we can use it to
determine which resolver to use.
Co-authored-by: trop[bot] <37223003+trop[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Fedor Indutny <indutny@signal.org>
Co-authored-by: Shelley Vohr <shelley.vohr@gmail.com>
This reverts commit Optimizes our builds for use with siso/avoids file contention on Windows
Co-authored-by: trop[bot] <37223003+trop[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: John Kleinschmidt <jkleinsc@electronjs.org>
We logged a fatal error but didn't exit with code 1 so the publish kept going. This was caught by a sanity check later down the release process but would have been quicker to fail out here.
Also adds some code to maybe workaround the underlying auth error
Co-authored-by: trop[bot] <37223003+trop[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Samuel Attard <sam@electronjs.org>
* Add instructions on using node_modules with Yarn
* update text for pnpm
---------
Co-authored-by: trop[bot] <37223003+trop[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Erick Zhao <ezhao@slack-corp.com>
* build: update build tools to get proper exit codes from e build
xref: https://github.com/electron/build-tools/pull/759
Co-authored-by: John Kleinschmidt <jkleinsc@electronjs.org>
* build: target zips directly
mksnapshot and chromedriver have issues with siso trying to run a separate build and zip step, so just target the zip target
Co-authored-by: John Kleinschmidt <jkleinsc@electronjs.org>
* build: don't unzip chromedriver and mksnapshot in tests
The contents of these files are not used in testing, so we shouldn't unzip them.
Co-authored-by: John Kleinschmidt <jkleinsc@electronjs.org>
---------
Co-authored-by: trop[bot] <37223003+trop[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: John Kleinschmidt <jkleinsc@electronjs.org>
perf: two minor perf refactors in InvokeIpcCallback()
1. Allocate the CallbackScope on the stack instead of the heap
2. Skip a redundant call to node::Environment::GetCurrent()
Co-authored-by: trop[bot] <37223003+trop[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Charles Kerr <charles@charleskerr.com>
docs: mention that webUtils should be used via preload script (#45861)
* docs: mention that webUtils should be used via preload script
* docs: suppress lint errors
* docs: clarify webUtils usage scope
* docs: exclude potentially dangerous alert() in the example code
* docs: minor change
* docs: minor change
* docs: minor change
* docs: minor change
* docs: minor change
* docs: minor change
* docs: minor change
* docs: minor change
* docs: minor change
* docs: minor change
* docs: make linter happy
* docs: apply suggestion
* docs: apply suggestion
* docs: apply suggestion
* docs: minor change
* docs: minor change
* docs: remove preload line
---------
Co-authored-by: trop[bot] <37223003+trop[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Kaiichiro Ota <kigh.ota@gmail.com>
We overriden the `GetPackageJSON` in Node.js to let us read files
straight from the ASAR file instead of disk. The override works by
providing a JS method with the limitation that it should not throw a
runtime error. However, this invariant was accidentally violated by
`asar.splitPath` that sometimes contrary to its' TypeScript definition
returned `false`.
Co-authored-by: trop[bot] <37223003+trop[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Fedor Indutny <indutny@signal.org>
It's guarunteed that `iojs-*` and `node-*` were the same origin file (we azcopy them) but this was missing in logs and it annoyed me
Co-authored-by: trop[bot] <37223003+trop[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Samuel Attard <sam@electronjs.org>
fix: add missed SaveRequestType enum to PdfViewerPrivate function
Co-authored-by: trop[bot] <37223003+trop[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Bill Shen <15865969+cucbin@users.noreply.github.com>
fix: MacOS 26 Tahoe - stop overriding private cornerMask API to fix WindowServer GPU load (#48376)
fix: macOS stop overriding private cornerMask API to fix WindowServer GPU load spike
Electron fetched a custom `_cornerMask` for `ElectronNSWindow` to smooth
vibrancy corners. On macOS 15 (Tahoe) that private hook forces the window
shadow to be rendered from a fully transparent surface, causing the
WindowServer GPU load regression. Remove the `cornerMask` property and
the `_cornerMask` override so we stay on Apple’s default shadow path.
Co-authored-by: trop[bot] <37223003+trop[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: avarayr <7735415+avarayr@users.noreply.github.com>
test: rerun failed tests individually (#48205)
* test: rerun failed tests individually
* ci: use screencapture-nag-remover
Needed to bypass the popup message "bash" is requesting to bypass the system private window picker and directly access your screen and audio.
* Revert "chore: test with 1st quadrant of the window"
No longer needed because of the addition of the
screencapture-nag-remover script.
This reverts commit f4a7e04c0b.
* test: fixup navigationHistory flake
* rerun test up to 3 times
ServiceWorkerMain does not need to inherit from EventEmitterMixin
Co-authored-by: trop[bot] <37223003+trop[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Charles Kerr <charles@charleskerr.com>
Electron embeds Chromium (rendering) and Node.js (backend) to enable desktop apps with web technologies. The parent directory (`../`) is the Chromium source tree.
### Process Model
Electron has two primary process types, mirroring Chromium:
- **Renderer process** (`shell/renderer/` + `lib/renderer/`): Runs web content in BrowserWindows
### Native ↔ JavaScript Bridge
Each API is implemented as a C++/JS pair:
- C++ side: `shell/browser/api/electron_api_{name}.cc/.h` — uses `gin::Wrappable` and `ObjectTemplateBuilder`
- JS side: `lib/browser/api/{name}.ts` — exports the module, registered in `lib/browser/api/module-list.ts`
- Binding: `NODE_LINKED_BINDING_CONTEXT_AWARE(electron_browser_{name}, Initialize)` in C++ and registered in `shell/common/node_bindings.cc`
- Type declaration: `typings/internal-ambient.d.ts` maps `process._linkedBinding('electron_browser_{name}')`
### Patches System
Electron patches upstream dependencies (Chromium, Node.js, V8, etc.) rather than forking them. Patches live in `patches/` organized by target, with `patches/config.json` mapping directories to repos.
This issue has been automatically marked as stale. **If this issue is still affecting you, please leave any comment** (for example, "bump"), and we'll keep it open. If you have any new additional information—in particular, if this is still reproducible in the [latest version of Electron](https://www.electronjs.org/releases/stable) or in the [beta](https://www.electronjs.org/releases/beta)—please include it with your comment!
close-issue-message:>
This issue has been closed due to inactivity, and will not be monitored. If this is a bug and you can reproduce this issue on a [supported version of Electron](https://www.electronjs.org/docs/latest/tutorial/electron-timelines#timeline) please open a new issue and include instructions for reproducing the issue.
@@ -8,12 +8,6 @@ The Electron team will send a response indicating the next steps in handling you
Report security bugs in third-party modules to the person or team maintaining the module. You can also report a vulnerability through the [npm contact form](https://www.npmjs.com/support) by selecting "I'm reporting a security vulnerability".
## Escalation
If you do not receive an acknowledgement of your report within 6 business days, or if you cannot find a private security contact for the project, you may escalate to the OpenJS Foundation CNA at `security@lists.openjsf.org`.
If the project acknowledges your report but does not provide any further response or engagement within 14 days, escalation is also appropriate.
## The Electron Security Notification Process
For context on Electron's security notification process, please see the [Notifications](https://github.com/electron/governance/blob/main/wg-security/membership-and-notifications.md#notifications) section of the Security WG's [Membership and Notifications](https://github.com/electron/governance/blob/main/wg-security/membership-and-notifications.md) Governance document.
Emitted when the user clicks the native macOS new tab button. The new
tab button is only visible if the current `BrowserWindow` has a
`tabbingIdentifier`.
You must create a window in this handler in order for macOS tabbing to work as expected.
`tabbingIdentifier`
### Event: 'browser-window-blur'
@@ -567,8 +565,9 @@ and subscribing to the `ready` event if the app is not ready yet.
*`steal` boolean _macOS_ - Make the receiver the active app even if another app is
currently active.
On Linux, focuses on the first visible window. On macOS, makes the application
the active app. On Windows, focuses on the application's first window.
On macOS, makes the application the active app. On Windows, focuses on the application's
first window. On Linux, either focuses on the first visible window (X11) or requests
focus but may instead show a notification or flash the app icon (Wayland).
You should seek to use the `steal` option as sparingly as possible.
@@ -613,7 +612,7 @@ Returns `string` - The current application directory.
may backup this directory to cloud storage.
*`sessionData` The directory for storing data generated by `Session`, such
as localStorage, cookies, disk cache, downloaded dictionaries, network
state, DevTools files. By default this points to `userData`. Chromium may
state, devtools files. By default this points to `userData`. Chromium may
write very large disk cache here, so if your app does not rely on browser
storage like localStorage or cookies to save user data, it is recommended
to set this directory to other locations to avoid polluting the `userData`
@@ -634,7 +633,7 @@ Returns `string` - The current application directory.
Returns `string` - A path to a special directory or file associated with `name`. On
failure, an `Error` is thrown.
If `app.getPath('logs')` is called without calling`app.setAppLogsPath()` being called first, a default log directory will be created equivalent to calling `app.setAppLogsPath()` without a `path` parameter.
If `app.getPath('logs')` is called without called`app.setAppLogsPath()` being called first, a default log directory will be created equivalent to calling `app.setAppLogsPath()` without a `path` parameter.
### `app.getFileIcon(path[, options])`
@@ -649,7 +648,7 @@ Returns `Promise<NativeImage>` - fulfilled with the app's icon, which is a [Nati
Fetches a path's associated icon.
On _Windows_, there are 2 kinds of icons:
On _Windows_, there a 2 kinds of icons:
* Icons associated with certain file extensions, like `.mp3`, `.png`, etc.
* Icons inside the file itself, like `.exe`, `.dll`, `.ico`.
Both the available languages and regions and the possible return values differ between the two operating systems.
As can be seen with the example above, on Windows, it is possible that a preferred system language has no country code, and that one of the preferred system languages corresponds with the language used for the regional format. On macOS, the region serves more as a default country code: the user doesn't need to have Finnish as a preferred language to use Finland as the region,and the country code `FI` is used as the country code for preferred system languages that do not have associated countries in the language name.
As can be seen with the example above, on Windows, it is possible that a preferred system language has no country code, and that one of the preferred system languages corresponds with the language used for the regional format. On macOS, the region serves more as a default country code: the user doesn't need to have Finnish as a preferred language to use Finland as the region,and the country code `FI` is used as the country code for preferred system languages that do not have associated countries in the language name.
* Canonical without braces: `XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX` (braces will be added automatically)
* Hex digits are case-insensitive.
This method should be called early (before showing notifications) so the value is baked into the registration/shortcut. Supplying an empty string or an unparsable value throws and leaves the existing (or generated) CLSID unchanged. If this method is never called, a random CLSID is generated once per run and exposed via `app.toastActivatorCLSID`.
### `app.setActivationPolicy(policy)` _macOS_
*`policy` string - Can be 'regular', 'accessory', or 'prohibited'.
@@ -1240,7 +1226,7 @@ Returns `boolean` - whether hardware acceleration is currently enabled.
### `app.disableDomainBlockingFor3DAPIs()`
By default, Chromium disables 3D APIs (e.g. WebGL) until restart on a per
domain basis if the GPU process crashes too frequently. This function
domain basis if the GPU processes crashes too frequently. This function
disables that behavior.
This method can only be called before app is ready.
@@ -1299,8 +1285,6 @@ For `infoType` equal to `basic`:
Using `basic` should be preferred if only basic information like `vendorId` or `deviceId` is needed.
Promise is rejected if the GPU is completely disabled, i.e. no hardware and software implementations are available.
### `app.setBadgeCount([count])` _Linux_ _macOS_
*`count` Integer (optional) - If a value is provided, set the badge to the provided value otherwise, on macOS, display a plain white dot (e.g. unknown number of notifications). On Linux, if a value is not provided the badge will not display.
@@ -1718,13 +1702,8 @@ platforms) that allows you to perform actions on your app icon in the user's doc
A `boolean` property that returns `true` if the app is packaged, `false` otherwise. For many apps, this property can be used to distinguish development and production environments.
This event is emitted after a user calls `quitAndInstall()`.
When this API is called, the `before-quit` event is not emitted before all windows are closed. As a result you should listen to this event if you wish to perform actions before the windows are closed while a process is quitting, as well as listening to `before-quit`.
@@ -135,16 +128,6 @@ The `autoUpdater` object has the following methods:
description: "Changed API to accept a single `options` argument (contains `url`, `headers`, and `serverType` properties)."
```
-->
*`options` Object
*`url` string - The update server URL. For _Windows_ MSIX, this can be either a direct link to an MSIX file (e.g., `https://example.com/update.msix`) or a JSON endpoint that returns update information (see the [Squirrel.Mac][squirrel-mac] README for more information).
@@ -660,10 +660,15 @@ the [close event](#event-close).
Focuses on the window.
On Wayland (Linux), the desktop environment may show a notification or flash
the app icon if the window or app is not already focused.
#### `win.blur()`
Removes focus from the window.
Not supported on Wayland (Linux).
#### `win.isFocused()`
Returns `boolean` - Whether the window is focused.
@@ -680,6 +685,8 @@ Shows and gives focus to the window.
Shows the window but doesn't focus on it.
Not supported on Wayland (Linux).
#### `win.hide()`
Hides the window.
@@ -828,6 +835,8 @@ Closes the currently open [Quick Look][quick-look] panel.
Resizes and moves the window to the supplied bounds. Any properties that are not supplied will default to their current values.
On Wayland (Linux), has the same limitations as `setSize` and `setPosition`.
```js
const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
@@ -873,6 +882,8 @@ See [Setting `backgroundColor`](#setting-the-backgroundcolor-property).
Resizes and moves the window's client area (e.g. the web page) to
the supplied bounds.
On Wayland (Linux), has the same limitations as `setContentSize` and `setPosition`.
#### `win.getContentBounds()`
Returns [`Rectangle`](structures/rectangle.md) - The `bounds` of the window's client area as `Object`.
@@ -902,6 +913,8 @@ Returns `boolean` - whether the window is enabled.
Resizes the window to `width` and `height`. If `width` or `height` are below any set minimum size constraints the window will snap to its minimum size.
On Wayland (Linux), may not work as some window managers restrict programmatic window resizing.
#### `win.getSize()`
Returns `Integer[]` - Contains the window's width and height.
@@ -914,6 +927,8 @@ Returns `Integer[]` - Contains the window's width and height.
Resizes the window's client area (e.g. the web page) to `width` and `height`.
On Wayland (Linux), may not work as some window managers restrict programmatic window resizing.
#### `win.getContentSize()`
Returns `Integer[]` - Contains the window's client area's width and height.
@@ -1051,12 +1066,16 @@ this method throws an error.
#### `win.moveTop()`
Moves window to top(z-order) regardless of focus
Moves window to top(z-order) regardless of focus.
Not supported on Wayland (Linux).
#### `win.center()`
Moves window to the center of the screen.
Not supported on Wayland (Linux).
#### `win.setPosition(x, y[, animate])`
* `x` Integer
@@ -1065,6 +1084,8 @@ Moves window to the center of the screen.
Moves window to `x` and `y`.
Not supported on Wayland (Linux).
#### `win.getPosition()`
Returns `Integer[]` - Contains the window's current position.
@@ -1144,7 +1165,7 @@ under this mode apps can choose to optimize their UI for tablets, such as
enlarging the titlebar and hiding titlebar buttons.
This API returns whether the window is in tablet mode, and the `resize` event
can be used to listen to changes to tablet mode.
can be be used to listen to changes to tablet mode.
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ Enables net log events to be saved and writes them to `path`.
Sets the verbosity of logging when used together with `--enable-logging`.
`N` should be one of [Chrome's LogSeverities][severities].
Note that two complementary logging mechanisms in Chromium -- `LOG()`
Note that two complimentary logging mechanisms in Chromium -- `LOG()`
and `VLOG()` -- are controlled by different switches. `--log-level`
controls `LOG()` messages, while `--v` and `--vmodule` control `VLOG()`
messages. So you may want to use a combination of these three switches
@@ -193,11 +193,6 @@ Disables the Chromium [sandbox](https://www.chromium.org/developers/design-docum
Forces renderer process and Chromium helper processes to run un-sandboxed.
Should only be used for testing.
### --no-stdio-init
Disable stdio initialization during node initialization.
Used to avoid node initialization crash when the nul device is disabled on Windows platform.
### --proxy-bypass-list=`hosts`
Instructs Electron to bypass the proxy server for the given semi-colon-separated
@@ -313,7 +308,7 @@ By default inspector websocket url is available in stderr and under /json/list e
### `--experimental-network-inspection`
Enable support for DevTools network inspector events, for visibility into requests made by the nodejs `http` and `https` modules.
Enable support for devtools network inspector events, for visibility into requests made by the nodejs `http` and `https` modules.
### `--no-deprecation`
@@ -366,13 +361,6 @@ Keep in mind that standalone switches can sometimes be split into individual fea
Finally, you'll need to ensure that the version of Chromium in Electron matches the version of the browser you're using to cross-reference the switches.
### Chromium features relevant to Electron apps
* `AlwaysLogLOAFURL`: enables script attribution for
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ The `Menu` class has the following static methods:
#### `Menu.setApplicationMenu(menu)`
-`menu`[Menu](menu.md) | null
-`menu` Menu | null
Sets `menu` as the application menu on macOS. On Windows and Linux, the
`menu` will be set as each window's top menu.
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ indicate which letter should get a generated accelerator. For example, using
opens the associated menu. The indicated character in the button label then gets an
underline, and the `&` character is not displayed on the button label.
In order to escape the `&` character in an item name, add a preceding `&`. For example, `&&File` would result in `&File` displayed on the button label.
In order to escape the `&` character in an item name, add a proceeding `&`. For example, `&&File` would result in `&File` displayed on the button label.
Passing `null` will suppress the default menu. On Windows and Linux,
this has the additional effect of removing the menu bar from the window.
@@ -65,9 +65,9 @@ for more information on macOS' native actions.
On Windows, the `close` event can be emitted in one of three ways: programmatic dismissal with `notification.close()`, by the user closing the notification, or via system timeout. If a notification is in the Action Center after the initial `close` event is emitted, a call to `notification.close()` will remove the notification from the action center but the `close` event will not be emitted again.
*`index` number - The index of the action that was activated.
#### Event: 'failed' _Windows_
@@ -209,22 +113,6 @@ Returns:
Emitted when an error is encountered while creating and showing the native notification.
```js
const{Notification,app}=require('electron')
app.whenReady().then(()=>{
constn=newNotification({
title:'Bad Action'
})
n.on('failed',(e,err)=>{
console.log('Notification failed: ',err)
})
n.show()
})
```
### Instance Methods
Objects created with the `new Notification()` constructor have the following instance methods:
@@ -238,42 +126,12 @@ call this method before the OS will display it.
If the notification has been shown before, this method will dismiss the previously
shown notification and create a new one with identical properties.
```js
const{Notification,app}=require('electron')
app.whenReady().then(()=>{
constn=newNotification({
title:'Title!',
subtitle:'Subtitle!',
body:'Body!'
})
n.show()
})
```
#### `notification.close()`
Dismisses the notification.
On Windows, calling `notification.close()` while the notification is visible on screen will dismiss the notification and remove it from the Action Center. If `notification.close()` is called after the notification is no longer visible on screen, calling `notification.close()` will try remove it from the Action Center.
> Import shared textures into Electron and converts platform specific handles into [`VideoFrame`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/VideoFrame). Supports all Web rendering systems, and can be transferred across Electron processes. Read [here](../../shell/common/api/shared_texture/README.md) for more information.
*`options` Object - Options for importing shared textures.
*`textureInfo` [SharedTextureImportTextureInfo](structures/shared-texture-import-texture-info.md) - The information of the shared texture to import.
*`allReferencesReleased` Function (optional) - Called when all references in all processes are released. You should keep the imported texture valid until this callback is called.
Imports the shared texture from the given options.
> [!NOTE]
> This method is only available in the main process.
Returns `SharedTextureImported` - The imported shared texture.
*`options` Object - Options for sending shared texture.
*`frame` [WebFrameMain](web-frame-main.md) - The target frame to transfer the shared texture to. For `WebContents`, you can pass `webContents.mainFrame`. If you provide a `webFrameMain` that is not a main frame, you'll need to enable `webPreferences.nodeIntegrationInSubFrames` for this, since this feature requires [IPC](https://www.electronjs.org/docs/latest/api/web-frame-main#frameipc-readonly) between main and the frame.
*`importedSharedTexture` [SharedTextureImported](structures/shared-texture-imported.md) - The imported shared texture.
*`...args` any[] - Additional arguments to pass to the renderer process.
Send the imported shared texture to a renderer process. You must register a receiver at renderer process before calling this method. This method has a 1000ms timeout. Ensure the receiver is set and the renderer process is alive before calling this method.
> [!NOTE]
> This method is only available in the main process.
Returns `Promise<void>` - Resolves when the transfer is complete.
*`depthPerComponent` number - The number of bits per color component.
*`detected` boolean - `true` if the display is detected by the system.
*`displayFrequency` number - The display refresh rate.
*`id` number - Unique identifier associated with the display. A value of -1 means the display is invalid or the correct `id` is not yet known, and a value of -10 means the display is a virtual display assigned to a unified desktop.
*`id` number - Unique identifier associated with the display. A value of of -1 means the display is invalid or the correct `id` is not yet known, and a value of -10 means the display is a virtual display assigned to a unified desktop.
*`internal` boolean - `true` for an internal display and `false` for an external display.
*`label` string - User-friendly label, determined by the platform.
*`maximumCursorSize` [Size](size.md) - Maximum cursor size in native pixels.
| `button` | macOS, Windows | Used as the label for the button | "Show" on macOS (localized) if first `button`, otherwise empty; Windows uses provided `text` | macOS: Only the first one is used as primary; others shown as additional actions (hover). Incompatible with `hasReply` (beyond first ignored). |
| `selection` | Windows | Used as the label for the submit button for the selection menu | "Select" | Requires an `items` array property specifying option labels. Emits the `action` event with `(index, selectedIndex)` where `selectedIndex` is the chosen option (>= 0). Ignored on platforms that do not support selection actions. |
| `button` | macOS | Used as the label for the button | "Show" (or a localized string by system default if first of such `button`, otherwise empty) | Only the first one is used. If multiple are provided, those beyond the first will be listed as additional actions (displayed when mouse active over the action button). Any such action also is incompatible with `hasReply` and will be ignored if `hasReply` is `true`. |
### Button support on macOS
@@ -17,37 +15,6 @@ In order for extra notification buttons to work on macOS your app must meet the
following criteria.
* App is signed
* App has its `NSUserNotificationAlertStyle` set to `alert` in the `Info.plist`.
* App has it's `NSUserNotificationAlertStyle` set to `alert` in the `Info.plist`.
If either of these requirements are not met the button won't appear.
### Selection support on Windows
To add a selection (combo box) style action, include an action with `type: 'selection'`, a `text` label for the submit button, and an `items` array of strings:
```js
const{Notification,app}=require('electron')
app.whenReady().then(()=>{
constitems=['One','Two','Three']
constn=newNotification({
title:'Choose an option',
actions:[{
type:'selection',
text:'Apply',
items
}]
})
n.on('action',(e)=>{
console.log(`User triggered action at index: ${e.actionIndex}`)
When the user activates the selection action, the notification's `action` event will be emitted with two parameters: `actionIndex` (the action's index in the `actions` array) and `selectedIndex` (the zero-based index of the chosen item, or `-1` if unavailable). On non-Windows platforms selection actions are ignored.
*`pixelFormat` string - The pixel format of the texture.
*`bgra` - 32bpp BGRA (byte-order), 1 plane.
*`rgba` - 32bpp RGBA (byte-order), 1 plane.
*`rgbaf16` - Half float RGBA, 1 plane.
*`nv12` - 12bpp with Y plane followed by a 2x2 interleaved UV plane.
*`colorSpace` [ColorSpace](color-space.md) (optional) - The color space of the texture.
*`codedSize` [Size](size.md) - The full dimensions of the shared texture.
*`visibleRect` [Rectangle](rectangle.md) (optional) - A subsection of [0, 0, codedSize.width, codedSize.height]. In common cases, it is the full section area.
*`timestamp` number (optional) - A timestamp in microseconds that will be reflected to `VideoFrame`.
*`handle` [SharedTextureHandle](shared-texture-handle.md) - The shared texture handle.
*`getVideoFrame` Function\<[VideoFrame](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/VideoFrame)\> - Create a `VideoFrame` that uses the imported shared texture in the current process. You can call `VideoFrame.close()` once you've finished using the object. The underlying resources will wait for GPU finish internally.
*`release` Function - Release the resources. If you transferred and get multiple `SharedTextureImported` objects, you have to `release` every one of them. The resource on the GPU process will be destroyed when the last one is released.
*`callback` Function (optional) - Callback when the GPU command buffer finishes using this shared texture. It provides a precise event to safely release dependent resources. For example, if this object is created by `finishTransferSharedTexture`, you can use this callback to safely release the original one that called `startTransferSharedTexture` in other processes. You can also release the source shared texture that was used to `importSharedTexture` safely.
*`startTransferSharedTexture` Function\<[SharedTextureTransfer](shared-texture-transfer.md)\> - Create a `SharedTextureTransfer` that can be serialized and transferred to other processes.
*`getFrameCreationSyncToken` Function\<[SharedTextureSyncToken](shared-texture-sync-token.md)\> - This method is for advanced users. If used, it is typically called after `finishTransferSharedTexture`, and should be passed to the object which was called `startTransferSharedTexture` to prevent the source object release the underlying resource before the target object actually acquire the reference at gpu process asyncly.
*`setReleaseSyncToken` Function - This method is for advanced users. If used, this object's underlying resource will not be released until the set sync token is fulfilled at gpu process. By using sync tokens, users are not required to use release callbacks for lifetime management.
*`syncToken` [SharedTextureSyncToken](shared-texture-sync-token.md) - The sync token to set.
*`textureId` string - The unique identifier of the imported shared texture.
*`getVideoFrame` Function\<[VideoFrame](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/VideoFrame)\> - Create a `VideoFrame` that uses the imported shared texture in the current process. You can call `VideoFrame.close()` once you've finished using the object. The underlying resources will wait for GPU finish internally.
*`release` Function - Release this object's reference of the imported shared texture. The underlying resource will be alive until every reference is released.
*`subtle` [SharedTextureImportedSubtle](shared-texture-imported-subtle.md) - Provides subtle APIs to interact with the imported shared texture for advanced users.
*`importSharedTexture` Function\<[SharedTextureImportedSubtle](shared-texture-imported-subtle.md)\> - Imports the shared texture from the given options. Returns the imported shared texture.
*`textureInfo` [SharedTextureImportTextureInfo](shared-texture-import-texture-info.md) - The information of shared texture to import.
*`finishTransferSharedTexture` Function\<[SharedTextureImportedSubtle](shared-texture-imported-subtle.md)\> - Finishes the transfer of the shared texture and gets the transferred shared texture. Returns the imported shared texture from the transfer object.
*`transfer` [SharedTextureTransfer](shared-texture-transfer.md) - The transfer object of the shared texture.
*`transfer` string _Readonly_ - The opaque transfer data of the shared texture. This can be transferred across Electron processes.
*`syncToken` string _Readonly_ - The opaque sync token data for frame creation.
*`pixelFormat` string _Readonly_ - The pixel format of the transferring texture.
*`codedSize` [Size](size.md) _Readonly_ - The full dimensions of the shared texture.
*`visibleRect` [Rectangle](rectangle.md) _Readonly_ - A subsection of [0, 0, codedSize.width(), codedSize.height()]. In common cases, it is the full section area.
*`timestamp` number _Readonly_ - A timestamp in microseconds that will be reflected to `VideoFrame`.
Use `sharedTexture.subtle.finishTransferSharedTexture` to get [`SharedTextureImportedSubtle`](shared-texture-imported-subtle.md) back.
*`javascript` boolean (optional) - Enables JavaScript support. Default is `true`.
*`webSecurity` boolean (optional) - When `false`, it will disable the
same-origin policy (usually using testing websites by people), and set
`allowRunningInsecureContent` to `true` if this option has not been set
`allowRunningInsecureContent` to `true` if this options has not been set
by user. Default is `true`.
*`allowRunningInsecureContent` boolean (optional) - Allow an https page to run
JavaScript, CSS or plugins from http URLs. Default is `false`.
@@ -156,8 +156,6 @@
`WebContents` when the preferred size changes. Default is `false`.
* `transparent` boolean (optional) - Whether to enable background transparency for the guest page. Default is `true`. **Note:** The guest page's text and background colors are derived from the [color scheme](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color-scheme) of its root element. When transparency is enabled, the text color will still change accordingly but the background will remain transparent.
*`enableDeprecatedPaste` boolean (optional) _Deprecated_ - Whether to enable the `paste` [execCommand](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Document/execCommand). Default is `false`.
*`focusOnNavigation` boolean (optional) - Whether to focus the WebContents
Returns `WebContents[]` - An array of all `WebContents` instances. This will contain web contents
for all windows, webviews, opened DevTools, and DevTools extension background pages.
for all windows, webviews, opened devtools, and devtools extension background pages.
### `webContents.getFocusedWebContents()`
@@ -383,7 +383,7 @@ Emitted after a server side redirect occurs during navigation. For example a 30
redirect.
This event cannot be prevented, if you want to prevent redirects you should
check out the `will-redirect` event above.
checkout out the `will-redirect` event above.
#### Event: 'did-navigate'
@@ -933,7 +933,7 @@ copying data between CPU and GPU memory, with Chromium's hardware acceleration s
Only a limited number of textures can exist at the same time, so it's important that you call `texture.release()` as soon as you're done with the texture.
By managing the texture lifecycle by yourself, you can safely pass the `texture.textureInfo` to other processes through IPC.
More details can be found in the [offscreen rendering tutorial](../tutorial/offscreen-rendering.md). To learn about how to handle the texture in native code, refer to [offscreen rendering's code documentation.](../../shell/browser/osr/README.md).
More details can be found in the [offscreen rendering tutorial](../tutorial/offscreen-rendering.md). To learn about how to handle the texture in native code, refer to [offscreen rendering's code documentation.](https://github.com/electron/electron/blob/main/shell/browser/osr/README.md).
@@ -12,19 +12,6 @@ This document uses the following convention to categorize breaking changes:
* **Deprecated:** An API was marked as deprecated. The API will continue to function, but will emit a deprecation warning, and will be removed in a future release.
* **Removed:** An API or feature was removed, and is no longer supported by Electron.
## Planned Breaking API Changes (40.0)
### Deprecated: `clipboard` API access from renderer processes
Using the `clipboard` API directly in the renderer process is deprecated.
If you want to call this API from a renderer process, place the API call in
your preload script and expose it using the [contextBridge](https://www.electronjs.org/docs/latest/api/context-bridge) API.
### Behavior Changed: MacOS dSYM files now compressed with tar.xz
Debug symbols for MacOS (dSYM) now use xz compression in order to handle larger file sizes. `dsym.zip` files are now
`dsym.tar.xz` files. End users using debug symbols may need to update their zip utilities.
## Planned Breaking API Changes (39.0)
### Deprecated: `--host-rules` command line switch
@@ -84,7 +71,7 @@ Users can force XWayland by passing `--ozone-platform=x11`.
Previously, Electron changed the value of `XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP` internally to `Unity`, and stored the original name of the desktop session
in a separate variable. `XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP` is no longer overridden and now reflects the actual desktop environment.
in a separate variable. `XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP` is no longer overriden and now reflects the actual desktop environment.
### Removed: macOS 11 support
@@ -165,7 +152,7 @@ window is not currently visible.
`app.commandLine` was only meant to handle chromium switches (which aren't case-sensitive) and switches passed via `app.commandLine` will not be passed down to any of the child processes.
If you were using `app.commandLine` to control the behavior of the main process, you should do this via `process.argv`.
If you were using `app.commandLine` to control the behavior of the main process, you should do this via `process.argv`.
### Deprecated: `NativeImage.getBitmap()`
@@ -195,7 +182,7 @@ from upstream Chromium.
### Deprecated: `null` value for `session` property in `ProtocolResponse`
Previously, setting the ProtocolResponse.session property to `null`
would create a random independent session. This is no longer supported.
Would create a random independent session. This is no longer supported.
Using single-purpose sessions here is discouraged due to overhead costs;
however, old code that needs to preserve this behavior can emulate it by
@@ -206,7 +193,7 @@ and then using it in `ProtocolResponse.session`.
When calling `Session.clearStorageData(options)`, the `options.quota`
property is deprecated. Since the `syncable` type was removed, there
is only one type left -- `'temporary'` -- so specifying it is unnecessary.
is only type left -- `'temporary'` -- so specifying it is unnecessary.
### Deprecated: Extension methods and events on `session`
@@ -535,7 +522,7 @@ more information.
### Removed: The `--disable-color-correct-rendering` switch
This switch was never formally documented but its removal is being noted here regardless. Chromium itself now has better support for color spaces so this flag should not be needed.
This switch was never formally documented but it's removal is being noted here regardless. Chromium itself now has better support for color spaces so this flag should not be needed.
### Behavior Changed: `BrowserView.setAutoResize` behavior on macOS
@@ -1226,7 +1213,7 @@ more details.
### API Changed: `webContents.printToPDF()`
`webContents.printToPDF()` has been modified to conform to [`Page.printToPDF`](https://chromedevtools.github.io/devtools-protocol/tot/Page/#method-printToPDF) in the Chrome DevTools Protocol. This has been changed in order to
`webContents.printToPDF()` has been modified to conform to [`Page.printToPDF`](https://chromedevtools.github.io/devtools-protocol/tot/Page/#method-printToPDF) in the Chrome DevTools Protocol. This has been changes in order to
address changes upstream that made our previous implementation untenable and rife with bugs.
[Electron's Build Tools](https://github.com/electron/build-tools) automate much of the setup for compiling Electron from source with different configurations and build targets. If you wish to set up the environment manually, the instructions are listed below.
Electron uses [GN](https://gn.googlesource.com/gn) for project generation and
[siso](https://chromium.googlesource.com/build/+/refs/heads/main/siso/README.md) for building.
Project configurations can be found in the `.gn` and `.gni` files in the `electron/electron` repo.
[ninja](https://ninja-build.org/) for building. Project configurations can
be found in the `.gn` and `.gni` files.
### GN files
## GN Files
The following `gn` files contain the main rules for building Electron:
*[`BUILD.gn`](../../BUILD.gn) defines how Electron itself
is built and includes the default configurations for linking with Chromium.
> `gclient` works by checking a file called `DEPS` inside the
`${root}/src/electron` folder for dependencies (like Chromium or Node.js).
:memo: `gclient` works by checking a file called `DEPS` inside the
`src/electron` folder for dependencies (like Chromium or Node.js).
Running `gclient sync -f` ensures that all dependencies required
to build Electron match that file.
In order to pull, you'd run the following commands:
So, in order to pull, you'd run the following commands:
```sh
$ cd src/electron
@@ -171,7 +96,7 @@ $ git pull
$ gclient sync -f
```
### Building
## Building
**Set the environment variable for chromium build tools**
@@ -231,7 +156,7 @@ $ gn gen out/Release --args="import(\`"//electron/build/args/release.gn\`")"
```
> [!NOTE]
> This will generate a `out/Testing` or `out/Release` build directory under `${root}/src/` with the testing or release build depending upon the configuration passed above. You can replace `Testing|Release` with another names, but it should be a subdirectory of `out`.
> This will generate a `out/Testing` or `out/Release` build directory under `src/` with the testing or release build depending upon the configuration passed above. You can replace `Testing|Release` with another names, but it should be a subdirectory of `out`.
Also you shouldn't have to run `gn gen` again—if you want to change the build arguments, you can run `gn args out/Testing` to bring up an editor. To see the list of available build configuration options, run `gn args out/Testing --list`.
@@ -264,7 +189,7 @@ $ ./out/Testing/electron.exe
$ ./out/Testing/electron
```
#### Packaging
### Packaging
To package the electron build as a distributable zip file:
@@ -272,7 +197,7 @@ To package the electron build as a distributable zip file:
$ ninja -C out/Release electron:electron_dist_zip
```
#### Cross-compiling
### Cross-compiling
To compile for a platform that isn't the same as the one you're building on,
set the `target_cpu` and `target_os` GN arguments. For example, to compile an
@@ -298,7 +223,7 @@ and [`target_cpu`][target_cpu values].
To cross-compile for Windows on Arm, [follow Chromium's guide](https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/refs/heads/main/docs/windows_build_instructions.md#Visual-Studio) to get the necessary dependencies, SDK and libraries, then build with `ELECTRON_BUILDING_WOA=1` in your environment before running `gclient sync`.
We recommend installing Node through [nvm](https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvm). This allows for easier Node version management, and is often a fix for missing `e` modules.
### RBE authentication randomly fails with "Token not valid"
This could be caused by the local clock time on the machine being off by a small amount. Use [time.is](https://time.is/) to check.
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ This is not a comprehensive end-all guide to creating an Electron Browser API, r
## Add your files to Electron's project configuration
Electron uses [GN](https://gn.googlesource.com/gn) as a meta build system to generate files for its compiler, [Ninja](https://ninja-build.org/). This means that in order to tell Electron to compile your code, we have to add your API's code and header file names into [`filenames.gni`](../../filenames.gni).
Electron uses [GN](https://gn.googlesource.com/gn) as a meta build system to generate files for its compiler, [Ninja](https://ninja-build.org/). This means that in order to tell Electron to compile your code, we have to add your API's code and header file names into [`filenames.gni`](https://github.com/electron/electron/blob/main/filenames.gni).
You will need to append your API file names alphabetically into the appropriate files like so:
In the [`typings/internal-ambient.d.ts`](../../typings/internal-ambient.d.ts) file, we need to append a new property onto the `Process` interface like so:
In the [`typings/internal-ambient.d.ts`](https://github.com/electron/electron/blob/main/typings/internal-ambient.d.ts) file, we need to append a new property onto the `Process` interface like so:
In your [`shell/common/node_bindings.cc`](../../shell/common/node_bindings.cc) file, add your node binding name to Electron's built-in modules.
In your [`shell/common/node_bindings.cc`](https://github.com/electron/electron/blob/main/shell/common/node_bindings.cc) file, add your node binding name to Electron's built-in modules.
```cpp title='shell/common/node_bindings.cc'
#define ELECTRON_BROWSER_MODULES(V) \
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ We will need to create a new TypeScript file in the path that follows:
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ run them, users need to go through multiple advanced and manual steps.
If you are building an Electron app that you intend to package and distribute,
it should be code signed. The Electron ecosystem tooling makes codesigning your
apps straightforward - this documentation explains how to sign your apps on both
apps straightforward - this documentation explains how sign your apps on both
Windows and macOS.
## Signing & notarizing macOS builds
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ const msiCreator = new MSICreator({
const supportBinaries = await msiCreator.create()
// 🆕 Step 2a: optionally sign support binaries if you
// sign your binaries as part of your packaging script
// sign you binaries as part of of your packaging script
for (const binary of supportBinaries) {
// Binaries are the new stub executable and optionally
// the Squirrel auto updater.
@@ -238,20 +238,6 @@ with 3+ years of verifiable business history and to individual developers in the
Microsoft is looking to make the program more widely available. If you're reading this at a
later point, it could make sense to check if the eligibility criteria have changed.
#### Using `jsign` for Azure Trusted Signing
For developers on Linux or macOS, [`jsign`](https://ebourg.github.io/jsign/) can be used to sign Windows apps via Azure Trusted Signing. Example usage:
```bash
jsign --storetype TRUSTEDSIGNING \
--keystore https://eus.codesigning.azure.net/ \
--storepass $AZURE_ACCESS_TOKEN \
--alias trusted-sign-acct/AppName \
--tsaurl http://timestamp.acs.microsoft.com/ \
--tsmode RFC3161 \
--replace <file>
```
#### Using Electron Forge
Electron Forge is the recommended way to sign your app as well as your `Squirrel.Windows`
In this next step, we will create our `BrowserWindow` and tell our application how to handle an event in which an external protocol is clicked.
In this next step, we will create our `BrowserWindow` and tell our application how to handle an event in which an external protocol is clicked.
This code will be different in Windows and Linux compared to macOS. This is due to both platforms emitting the `second-instance` event rather than the `open-url` event and Windows requiring additional code in order to open the contents of the protocol link within the same Electron instance. Read more about this [here](../api/app.md#apprequestsingleinstancelockadditionaldata).
This code will be different in Windows and Linux compared to MacOS. This is due to both platforms emitting the `second-instance` event rather than the `open-url` event and Windows requiring additional code in order to open the contents of the protocol link within the same Electron instance. Read more about this [here](../api/app.md#apprequestsingleinstancelockadditionaldata).
#### Windows and Linux code:
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ if (!gotTheLock) {
}
```
#### macOS code:
#### MacOS code:
```js @ts-type={createWindow:()=>void}
// This method will be called when Electron has finished
@@ -1339,7 +1339,7 @@ For developers wanting to learn more, you can refer to the [official N-API docum
### Putting `cpp_addon.cc` together
We've now finished the bridge part of our addon - that is, the code that's most concerned with being the bridge between your JavaScript and C++ code (and by contrast, less so actually interacting with the operating system or GTK). After adding all the sections above, your `src/cpp_addon.cc` should look like this:
We've now finished the bridge part our addon - that is, the code that's most concerned with being the bridge between your JavaScript and C++ code (and by contrast, less so actually interacting with the operating system or GTK). After adding all the sections above, your `src/cpp_addon.cc` should look like this:
@@ -4,13 +4,13 @@ This tutorial builds on the [general introduction to Native Code and Electron](.
Specifically, we'll be integrating with two commonly used native Windows libraries:
*`comctl32.lib`, which contains common controls and user interface components. It provides various UI elements like buttons, scrollbars, toolbars, status bars, progress bars, and tree views. As far as GUI development on Windows goes, this library is very low-level and basic - more modern frameworks like WinUI or WPF are more advanced alternatives but require a lot more C++ and Windows version considerations than are useful for this tutorial. This way, we can avoid the many perils of building native interfaces for multiple Windows versions!
*`comctl32.lib`, which contains common controls and user interface components. It provides various UI elements like buttons, scrollbars, toolbars, status bars, progress bars, and tree views. As far as GUI development on Windows goes, this library is very low-level and basic - more modern frameworks like WinUI or WPF are advanced and alternatives but require a lot more C++ and Windows version considerations than are useful for this tutorial. This way, we can avoid the many perils of building native interfaces for multiple Windows versions!
*`shcore.lib`, a library that provides high-DPI awareness functionality and other Shell-related features around managing displays and UI elements.
This tutorial will be most useful to those who already have some familiarity with native C++ GUI development on Windows. You should have experience with basic window classes and procedures, like `WNDCLASSEXW` and `WindowProc` functions. You should also be familiar with the Windows message loop, which is the heart of any native application - our code will be using `GetMessage`, `TranslateMessage`, and `DispatchMessage` to handle messages. Lastly, we'll be using (but not explaining) standard Win32 controls like `WC_EDITW` or `WC_BUTTONW`.
> [!NOTE]
> If you're not familiar with C++ GUI development on Windows, we recommend Microsoft's excellent documentation and guides, particularly for beginners. "[Get Started with Win32 and C++](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/learnwin32/learn-to-program-for-windows)" is a great introduction.
> If you're not familiar with C++ GUI development on Windows, we recommend Microsoft's excellent documentation and guides, particular for beginners. "[Get Started with Win32 and C++](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/learnwin32/learn-to-program-for-windows)" is a great introduction.
## Requirements
@@ -1333,7 +1333,7 @@ npm run build
## Conclusion
You've now built a complete native Node.js addon for Windows using C++ and the Win32 API. Some of the things we've done here are:
You've now built a complete native Node.js addon for Windows using C++ and the Win32 API. Some of things we've done here are:
1. Creating a native Windows GUI from C++
2. Implementing a Todo list application with Add, Edit, and Delete functionality
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ To test your app, use a Windows on Arm device running Windows 10 (version 1903 o
### Node.js/node-gyp
[Node.js v12.9.0 or later is recommended.](https://nodejs.org/en/) If updating to a new version of Node is undesirable, you can instead [update npm's copy of node-gyp manually](https://github.com/nodejs/node-gyp/wiki/Updating-npm's-bundled-node-gyp) to version 5.0.2 or later, which contains the required changes to compile native modules for Arm.
[Node.js v12.9.0 or later is recommended.](https://nodejs.org/en/) If updating to a new version of Node is undesirable, you can instead [update npm's copy of node-gyp manually](https://github.com/nodejs/node-gyp/wiki/Updating-npm's-bundled-node-gyp) to version 5.0.2 or later, which contains the required changes to compile native modules for Arm.
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ If you want to focus on building a great product without debugging a weird quirk
Whatever provider or customer data you need to interact with, they will have probably thought of an integration path with the web. Depending on your technology choice, embedding a YouTube video either takes 30 seconds or requires you to hire a team devoted to streaming and hardware-accelerated video decoding. In the case of YouTube, using anything other than the provided players is actually against their terms and conditions, so you’ll likely embed a browser frame before you implement your own video streaming decoder.
There will be virtually no platform where your app cannot run if you build it with web technologies. Virtually all devices with a display—be that an ATM, a car infotainment system, a smart TV, a fridge, or a Nintendo Switch—come with means to display web technologies. The web is a safe bet if you want to be cross-platform.
There will be virtually no platform where your app cannot run if you build it with web technologies. Virtually all devices with a display—be that an ATM, a car infotainment system, a smart TV, a fridge, or a Nintendo Switch—come with means to display web technologies. The web is safe bet if you want to be cross-platform.
### Ubiquity
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ What does all of that mean for you, a developer, in practice?
### Stability, security, performance
Electron delivers the best experience on all target platforms (macOS, Windows, Linux) by bundling the latest version of Chromium, V8, and Node.js directly with the application binary. When it comes to running and rendering web content with utmost stability, security, and performance, we currently believe that stack to be “best in class”.
Electron delivers the best experience on all target platforms (macOS, Windows, Linux) by bundling the latest version of Chromium, V8, and Node.js directly with the application binary. When it comes to running and rendering web content with upmost stability, security, and performance, we currently believe that stack to be “best in class”.
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