ci: update version string in docs

.github/workflows/benchmarks.yml

@@ -12,10 +12,10 @@ jobs:
       contents: read
     runs-on: self-hosted
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683  #v4.2.2
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
-      - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@b2417cde72dcf67f306c0ae8e0828a81bf0b189f  #v1.0.6
+      - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@v1
         with:
           toolchain: nightly-2023-06-27
           override: true
@@ -29,10 +29,10 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: self-hosted
     needs: [bench_poseidon]
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683  #v4.2.2
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
-      - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@b2417cde72dcf67f306c0ae8e0828a81bf0b189f  #v1.0.6
+      - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@v1
         with:
           toolchain: nightly-2023-06-27
           override: true
@@ -46,10 +46,10 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: self-hosted
     needs: [bench_poseidon]
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683  #v4.2.2
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
-      - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@b2417cde72dcf67f306c0ae8e0828a81bf0b189f  #v1.0.6
+      - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@v1
         with:
           toolchain: nightly-2023-06-27
           override: true
@@ -63,10 +63,10 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: self-hosted
     needs: [bench_poseidon]
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683  #v4.2.2
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
-      - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@b2417cde72dcf67f306c0ae8e0828a81bf0b189f  #v1.0.6
+      - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@v1
         with:
           toolchain: nightly-2023-06-27
           override: true
@@ -80,10 +80,10 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: self-hosted
     needs: [bench_poseidon]
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683  #v4.2.2
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
-      - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@b2417cde72dcf67f306c0ae8e0828a81bf0b189f  #v1.0.6
+      - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@v1
         with:
           toolchain: nightly-2023-06-27
           override: true
@@ -97,10 +97,10 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: self-hosted
     needs: [bench_poseidon]
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683  #v4.2.2
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
-      - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@b2417cde72dcf67f306c0ae8e0828a81bf0b189f  #v1.0.6
+      - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@v1
         with:
           toolchain: nightly-2023-06-27
           override: true
@@ -114,10 +114,10 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: self-hosted
     needs: [bench_poseidon]
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683  #v4.2.2
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
-      - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@b2417cde72dcf67f306c0ae8e0828a81bf0b189f  #v1.0.6
+      - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@v1
         with:
           toolchain: nightly-2023-06-27
           override: true
@@ -131,10 +131,10 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: self-hosted
     needs: [bench_poseidon]
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683  #v4.2.2
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
-      - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@b2417cde72dcf67f306c0ae8e0828a81bf0b189f  #v1.0.6
+      - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@v1
         with:
           toolchain: nightly-2023-06-27
           override: true
@@ -148,10 +148,10 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: self-hosted
     needs: [bench_poseidon]
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683  #v4.2.2
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
-      - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@b2417cde72dcf67f306c0ae8e0828a81bf0b189f  #v1.0.6
+      - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@v1
         with:
           toolchain: nightly-2023-06-27
           override: true
@@ -165,10 +165,10 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: self-hosted
     needs: [bench_poseidon]
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683  #v4.2.2
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
-      - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@b2417cde72dcf67f306c0ae8e0828a81bf0b189f  #v1.0.6
+      - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@v1
         with:
           toolchain: nightly-2023-06-27
           override: true
@@ -182,10 +182,10 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: self-hosted
     needs: [bench_poseidon]
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683  #v4.2.2
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
-      - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@b2417cde72dcf67f306c0ae8e0828a81bf0b189f  #v1.0.6
+      - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@v1
         with:
           toolchain: nightly-2023-06-27
           override: true

.github/workflows/engine.yml

@@ -24,15 +24,15 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     if: startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/')
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683  #v4.2.2
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
-      - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@b2417cde72dcf67f306c0ae8e0828a81bf0b189f  #v1.0.6
+      - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@v1
         with:
-          toolchain: nightly-2025-02-17
+          toolchain: nightly-2024-07-18
           override: true
           components: rustfmt, clippy
-      - uses: jetli/wasm-pack-action@0d096b08b4e5a7de8c28de67e11e945404e9eefa  #v0.4.0
+      - uses: jetli/wasm-pack-action@v0.4.0
         with:
           # Pin to version 0.12.1
           version: 'v0.12.1'
@@ -40,17 +40,13 @@ jobs:
         run: rustup target add wasm32-unknown-unknown
 
       - name: Add rust-src
-        run: rustup component add rust-src --toolchain nightly-2025-02-17-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
+        run: rustup component add rust-src --toolchain nightly-2024-07-18-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
       - name: Install binaryen
         run: |
           set -e
           curl -L https://github.com/WebAssembly/binaryen/releases/download/version_116/binaryen-version_116-x86_64-linux.tar.gz | tar xzf -
           export PATH=$PATH:$PWD/binaryen-version_116/bin
           wasm-opt --version
-      - name: Build wasm files for both web and nodejs compilation targets
-        run: |
-            wasm-pack build --release --target nodejs --out-dir ./pkg/nodejs . -- -Z build-std="panic_abort,std"
-            wasm-pack build --release --target web --out-dir ./pkg/web . -- -Z build-std="panic_abort,std" --features web
       - name: Create package.json in pkg folder
         shell: bash
         run: |
@@ -176,7 +172,7 @@ jobs:
           curl -s "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zkonduit/ezkljs-engine/main/README.md" > ./pkg/README.md
 
       - name: Set up Node.js
-        uses: actions/setup-node@1a4442cacd436585916779262731d5b162bc6ec7  #v3.8.2
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v3
         with:
           node-version: "18.12.1"
           registry-url: "https://registry.npmjs.org"
@@ -201,7 +197,7 @@ jobs:
         RELEASE_TAG: ${{ github.ref_name }}
     if: startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/')
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683  #v4.2.2
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
       - name: Update version in package.json
@@ -230,13 +226,13 @@ jobs:
           NR==30{$0="    specifier: \"" tag "\""}
           NR==31{$0="    version: \"" tag "\""}
           NR==400{$0="  /@ezkljs/engine@" tag ":"}
-          NR==401{$0="    resolution: {integrity: \"" integrity "\"}"} 1' in-browser-evm-verifier/pnpm-lock.yaml > temp.yaml && mv temp.yaml in-browser-evm-verifier/pnpm-lock.yaml
+          NR==401{$0="    resolution: {integrity: \"" integrity "\"}"} 1' in-browser-evm-verifier/pnpm-lock.yaml > temp.yaml && mv temp.yaml in-browser-evm-verifier/pnpm-lock.yaml  
       - name: Use pnpm 8
-        uses: pnpm/action-setup@eae0cfeb286e66ffb5155f1a79b90583a127a68b  #v2.4.1
+        uses: pnpm/action-setup@v2
         with:
           version: 8
       - name: Set up Node.js
-        uses: actions/setup-node@1a4442cacd436585916779262731d5b162bc6ec7  #v3.8.2
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v3
         with:
           node-version: "18.12.1"
           registry-url: "https://registry.npmjs.org"
@@ -247,4 +243,4 @@ jobs:
           pnpm run build
           pnpm publish --no-git-checks
         env:
-          NODE_AUTH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.NPM_TOKEN }}
+          NODE_AUTH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.NPM_TOKEN }}  

.github/workflows/large-tests.yml

@@ -10,12 +10,12 @@ jobs:
       contents: read
     runs-on: kaiju
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683  #v4.2.2
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
-      - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@b2417cde72dcf67f306c0ae8e0828a81bf0b189f  #v1.0.6
+      - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@v1
         with:
-          toolchain: nightly-2025-02-17
+          toolchain: nightly-2024-07-18
           override: true
           components: rustfmt, clippy
       - name: nanoGPT Mock

.github/workflows/pypi-gpu.yml

@@ -28,36 +28,34 @@ jobs:
     env:
       RELEASE_TAG: ${{ github.ref_name }}
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683  #v4.2.2
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
-      - uses: actions/setup-python@b64ffcaf5b410884ad320a9cfac8866006a109aa  #v4.8.0
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@v4
         with:
           python-version: 3.12
           architecture: x64
 
-      - name: Set pyproject.toml version to match github tag and rename ezkl to ezkl-gpu
+      - name: Set pyproject.toml version to match github tag
         shell: bash
         run: |
             mv pyproject.toml pyproject.toml.orig
-            sed "s/ezkl/ezkl-gpu/" pyproject.toml.orig > pyproject.toml.tmp
-            sed "s/0\\.0\\.0/${RELEASE_TAG//v}/" pyproject.toml.tmp > pyproject.toml
+            sed "s/ezkl/ezkl-gpu/" pyproject.toml.orig >pyproject.toml
+            sed "s/0\\.0\\.0/${RELEASE_TAG//v}/" pyproject.toml.orig >pyproject.toml
 
-      - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@b2417cde72dcf67f306c0ae8e0828a81bf0b189f  #v1.0.6
+      - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@v1
         with:
           toolchain: nightly-2023-06-27
           override: true
           components: rustfmt, clippy
 
-      - name: Set Cargo.toml version to match github tag and rename ezkl to ezkl-gpu
+      - name: Set Cargo.toml version to match github tag
         shell: bash
-        # the ezkl substitution here looks for the first instance of name = "ezkl" and changes it to "ezkl-gpu"
         run: |
           mv Cargo.toml Cargo.toml.orig
-          sed "0,/name = \"ezkl\"/s/name = \"ezkl\"/name = \"ezkl-gpu\"/" Cargo.toml.orig > Cargo.toml.tmp
-          sed "s/0\\.0\\.0/${RELEASE_TAG//v}/" Cargo.toml.tmp > Cargo.toml
+          sed "s/0\\.0\\.0/${RELEASE_TAG//v}/" Cargo.toml.orig >Cargo.toml
           mv Cargo.lock Cargo.lock.orig
-          sed "s/0\\.0\\.0/${RELEASE_TAG//v}/" Cargo.lock.orig > Cargo.lock
+          sed "s/0\\.0\\.0/${RELEASE_TAG//v}/" Cargo.lock.orig >Cargo.lock
 
       - name: Install required libraries
         shell: bash
@@ -65,7 +63,7 @@ jobs:
           sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y openssl pkg-config libssl-dev
 
       - name: Build wheels
-        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@5f8a1b3b0aad13193f46c9131f9b9e663def8ce5  #v1.46.0
+        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@v1
         with:
           target: ${{ matrix.target }}
           manylinux: auto
@@ -78,7 +76,7 @@ jobs:
           pip install ezkl-gpu --no-index --find-links dist --force-reinstall
 
       - name: Upload wheels
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@65c4c4a1ddee5b72f698fdd19549f0f0fb45cf08  #v4.6.0
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
         with:
           name: wheels
           path: dist
@@ -94,7 +92,7 @@ jobs:
     # needs: [ macos, windows, linux, linux-cross, musllinux, musllinux-cross ]
     needs: [linux]
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/download-artifact@fa0a91b85d4f404e444e00e005971372dc801d16  #v4.1.8
+      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v3
         with:
           name: wheels
       - name: List Files
@@ -106,14 +104,14 @@ jobs:
       # publishes to PyPI
       - name: Publish package distributions to PyPI
         continue-on-error: true
-        uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@76f52bc884231f62b9a034ebfe128415bbaabdfc  #v1.12.4
+        uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@unstable/v1
         with:
-          packages-dir: ./wheels
+          packages-dir: ./
 
       # publishes to TestPyPI
       - name: Publish package distribution to TestPyPI
         continue-on-error: true
-        uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@76f52bc884231f62b9a034ebfe128415bbaabdfc  #v1.12.4
+        uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@unstable/v1
         with:
           repository-url: https://test.pypi.org/legacy/
-          packages-dir: ./wheels
+          packages-dir: ./

.github/workflows/pypi.yml

@@ -26,10 +26,10 @@ jobs:
     env:
         RELEASE_TAG: ${{ github.ref_name }}
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683  #v4.2.2
-        with:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with: 
           persist-credentials: false
-      - uses: actions/setup-python@b64ffcaf5b410884ad320a9cfac8866006a109aa  #v4.8.0
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@v4
         with:
           python-version: 3.12
           architecture: x64
@@ -48,21 +48,21 @@ jobs:
           mv Cargo.lock Cargo.lock.orig
           sed "s/0\\.0\\.0/${RELEASE_TAG//v}/" Cargo.lock.orig >Cargo.lock
 
-      - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@b2417cde72dcf67f306c0ae8e0828a81bf0b189f  #v1.0.6
+      - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@v1
         with:
-          toolchain: nightly-2025-02-17
+          toolchain: nightly-2024-07-18
           override: true
           components: rustfmt, clippy
 
       - name: Build wheels
         if: matrix.target == 'universal2-apple-darwin'
-        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@5f8a1b3b0aad13193f46c9131f9b9e663def8ce5  #v1.46.0
+        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@v1
         with:
           target: ${{ matrix.target }}
           args: --release --out dist --features python-bindings
       - name: Build wheels
         if: matrix.target == 'x86_64'
-        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@5f8a1b3b0aad13193f46c9131f9b9e663def8ce5  #v1.46.0
+        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@v1
         with:
           target: ${{ matrix.target }}
           args: --release --out dist --features python-bindings
@@ -73,9 +73,9 @@ jobs:
           python -c "import ezkl"
 
       - name: Upload wheels
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@65c4c4a1ddee5b72f698fdd19549f0f0fb45cf08  #v4.6.0
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
         with:
-          name: dist-macos-${{ matrix.target }}
+          name: wheels
           path: dist
 
   windows:
@@ -87,10 +87,10 @@ jobs:
       matrix:
         target: [x64, x86]
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683  #v4.2.2
-        with:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with: 
           persist-credentials: false
-      - uses: actions/setup-python@b64ffcaf5b410884ad320a9cfac8866006a109aa  #v4.8.0
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@v4
         with:
           python-version: 3.12
           architecture: ${{ matrix.target }}
@@ -113,14 +113,14 @@ jobs:
           mv Cargo.lock Cargo.lock.orig
           sed "s/0\\.0\\.0/${RELEASE_TAG//v}/" Cargo.lock.orig >Cargo.lock
 
-      - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@b2417cde72dcf67f306c0ae8e0828a81bf0b189f  #v1.0.6
+      - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@v1
         with:
-          toolchain: nightly-2025-02-17
+          toolchain: nightly-2024-07-18
           override: true
           components: rustfmt, clippy
 
       - name: Build wheels
-        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@5f8a1b3b0aad13193f46c9131f9b9e663def8ce5  #v1.46.0
+        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@v1
         with:
           target: ${{ matrix.target }}
           args: --release --out dist --features python-bindings
@@ -130,9 +130,9 @@ jobs:
           python -c "import ezkl"
 
       - name: Upload wheels
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@65c4c4a1ddee5b72f698fdd19549f0f0fb45cf08  #v4.6.0 #v4.6.0
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
         with:
-          name: dist-windows-${{ matrix.target }}
+          name: wheels
           path: dist
 
   linux:
@@ -144,10 +144,10 @@ jobs:
       matrix:
         target: [x86_64]
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683  #v4.2.2
-        with:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with: 
           persist-credentials: false
-      - uses: actions/setup-python@b64ffcaf5b410884ad320a9cfac8866006a109aa  #v4.8.0
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@v4
         with:
           python-version: 3.12
           architecture: x64
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ jobs:
           sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y openssl pkg-config libssl-dev
 
       - name: Build wheels
-        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@5f8a1b3b0aad13193f46c9131f9b9e663def8ce5  #v1.46.0
+        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@v1
         with:
           target: ${{ matrix.target }}
           manylinux: auto
@@ -203,9 +203,9 @@ jobs:
           python -c "import ezkl"
 
       - name: Upload wheels
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@65c4c4a1ddee5b72f698fdd19549f0f0fb45cf08  #v4.6.0
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
         with:
-          name: dist-linux-${{ matrix.target }}
+          name: wheels
           path: dist
 
   musllinux:
@@ -218,10 +218,10 @@ jobs:
         target:
           - x86_64-unknown-linux-musl
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683  #v4.2.2
-        with:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with: 
           persist-credentials: false
-      - uses: actions/setup-python@b64ffcaf5b410884ad320a9cfac8866006a109aa  #v4.8.0
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@v4
         with:
           python-version: 3.12
           architecture: x64
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ jobs:
           sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y pkg-config libssl-dev
 
       - name: Build wheels
-        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@5f8a1b3b0aad13193f46c9131f9b9e663def8ce5  #v1.46.0
+        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@v1
         with:
           target: ${{ matrix.target }}
           manylinux: musllinux_1_2
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Install built wheel
         if: matrix.target == 'x86_64-unknown-linux-musl'
-        uses: addnab/docker-run-action@3e77f186b7a929ef010f183a9e24c0f9955ea609
+        uses: addnab/docker-run-action@v3
         with:
           image: alpine:latest
           options: -v ${{ github.workspace }}:/io -w /io
@@ -271,9 +271,9 @@ jobs:
             python3 -c "import ezkl"
 
       - name: Upload wheels
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@65c4c4a1ddee5b72f698fdd19549f0f0fb45cf08  #v4.6.0
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
         with:
-          name: dist-musllinux-${{ matrix.target }}
+          name: wheels
           path: dist
 
   musllinux-cross:
@@ -287,10 +287,10 @@ jobs:
           - target: aarch64-unknown-linux-musl
             arch: aarch64
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683  #v4.2.2
-        with:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with: 
           persist-credentials: false
-      - uses: actions/setup-python@b64ffcaf5b410884ad320a9cfac8866006a109aa  #v4.8.0
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@v4
         with:
           python-version: 3.12
 
@@ -313,13 +313,13 @@ jobs:
           sed "s/0\\.0\\.0/${RELEASE_TAG//v}/" Cargo.lock.orig >Cargo.lock
 
       - name: Build wheels
-        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@5f8a1b3b0aad13193f46c9131f9b9e663def8ce5  #v1.46.0
+        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@v1
         with:
           target: ${{ matrix.platform.target }}
           manylinux: musllinux_1_2
           args: --release --out dist --features python-bindings
 
-      - uses: uraimo/run-on-arch-action@5397f9e30a9b62422f302092631c99ae1effcd9e  #v2.8.1
+      - uses: uraimo/run-on-arch-action@v2.8.1
         name: Install built wheel
         with:
           arch: ${{ matrix.platform.arch }}
@@ -334,9 +334,9 @@ jobs:
             python3 -c "import ezkl"
 
       - name: Upload wheels
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@65c4c4a1ddee5b72f698fdd19549f0f0fb45cf08  #v4.6.0
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
         with:
-          name: dist-musllinux-${{ matrix.platform.target }}
+          name: wheels
           path: dist
 
   pypi-publish:
@@ -347,26 +347,24 @@ jobs:
     if: "startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/')"
     needs: [macos, windows, linux, musllinux, musllinux-cross]
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/download-artifact@fa0a91b85d4f404e444e00e005971372dc801d16  #v4.1.8
+      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v3
         with:
-          pattern: dist-*
-          merge-multiple: true
-          path: wheels
+          name: wheels
       - name: List Files
         run: ls -R
-
+      
       # # publishes to TestPyPI
       # - name: Publish package distribution to TestPyPI
-      #   uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@76f52bc884231f62b9a034ebfe128415bbaabdfc  #v1.12.4
+      #   uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@unstable/v1
       #   with:
       #     repository-url: https://test.pypi.org/legacy/
       #     packages-dir: ./
 
       # publishes to PyPI
       - name: Publish package distributions to PyPI
-        uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@76f52bc884231f62b9a034ebfe128415bbaabdfc  #v1.12.4
+        uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@unstable/v1
         with:
-          packages-dir: ./wheels
+          packages-dir: ./
 
 
   doc-publish:
@@ -377,10 +375,10 @@ jobs:
     needs: pypi-publish
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
+        with: 
           persist-credentials: false
       - name: Trigger RTDs build
-        uses: dfm/rtds-action@618148c547f4b56cdf4fa4dcf3a94c91ce025f2d
+        uses: dfm/rtds-action@v1
         with:
           webhook_url: ${{ secrets.RTDS_WEBHOOK_URL }}
           webhook_token: ${{ secrets.RTDS_WEBHOOK_TOKEN }}

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Create Github Release
         id: create-release
-        uses: softprops/action-gh-release@c95fe1489396fe8a9eb87c0abf8aa5b2ef267fda  #v2.2.1
+        uses: softprops/action-gh-release@v1
         with:
           token: ${{ secrets.RELEASE_TOKEN }}
           tag_name: ${{ env.EZKL_VERSION }}
@@ -49,14 +49,14 @@ jobs:
       RUST_BACKTRACE: 1
       PCRE2_SYS_STATIC: 1
     steps:
-      - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@b2417cde72dcf67f306c0ae8e0828a81bf0b189f  #v1.0.6
+      - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@v1
         with:
-          toolchain: nightly-2025-02-17
+          toolchain: nightly-2024-07-18
           override: true
           components: rustfmt, clippy
       - name: Checkout repo
-        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683  #v4.2.2
-        with:
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with: 
           persist-credentials: false
 
 
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ jobs:
           echo "ASSET=build-artifacts/ezkl-linux-gpu.tar.gz" >> $GITHUB_ENV
 
       - name: Upload release archive
-        uses: actions/upload-release-asset@e8f9f06c4b078e705bd2ea027f0926603fc9b4d5  #v1.0.2
+        uses: actions/upload-release-asset@v1.0.2
         env:
           GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.RELEASE_TOKEN }}
         with:
@@ -119,33 +119,33 @@ jobs:
         include:
           - build: windows-msvc
             os: windows-latest
-            rust: nightly-2025-02-17
+            rust: nightly-2024-07-18
             target: x86_64-pc-windows-msvc
           - build: macos
             os: macos-13
-            rust: nightly-2025-02-17
+            rust: nightly-2024-07-18
             target: x86_64-apple-darwin
           - build: macos-aarch64
             os: macos-13
-            rust: nightly-2025-02-17
+            rust: nightly-2024-07-18
             target: aarch64-apple-darwin
           - build: linux-musl
             os: ubuntu-22.04
-            rust: nightly-2025-02-17
+            rust: nightly-2024-07-18
             target: x86_64-unknown-linux-musl
           - build: linux-gnu
             os: ubuntu-22.04
-            rust: nightly-2025-02-17
+            rust: nightly-2024-07-18
             target: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
           - build: linux-aarch64
             os: ubuntu-22.04
-            rust: nightly-2025-02-17
+            rust: nightly-2024-07-18
             target: aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu
 
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repo
-        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683  #v4.2.2
-        with:
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with: 
           persist-credentials: false
 
       - name: Get release version from tag
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ jobs:
           fi
 
       - name: Install Rust
-        uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@4f94fbe7e03939b0e674bcc9ca609a16088f63ff  #nightly branch, TODO: update when required
+        uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@nightly
         with:
           target: ${{ matrix.target }}
 
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ jobs:
           echo "target flag is: ${{ env.TARGET_FLAGS }}"
           echo "target dir is: ${{ env.TARGET_DIR }}"
 
-      - name: Build release binary (no asm or metal)
+      - name: Build release binary (no asm or metal) 
         if: matrix.build != 'linux-gnu' && matrix.build != 'macos-aarch64'
         run: ${{ env.CARGO }} build --release ${{ env.TARGET_FLAGS }} -Z sparse-registry
 
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ jobs:
           echo "ASSET=build-artifacts/ezkl-win.zip" >> $GITHUB_ENV
 
       - name: Upload release archive
-        uses: actions/upload-release-asset@e8f9f06c4b078e705bd2ea027f0926603fc9b4d5  #v1.0.2
+        uses: actions/upload-release-asset@v1.0.2
         env:
           GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.RELEASE_TOKEN }}
         with:

.github/workflows/static-analysis.yml

@@ -12,12 +12,12 @@ jobs:
       contents: read
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683  #v4.2.2
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
-      - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@b2417cde72dcf67f306c0ae8e0828a81bf0b189f  #v1.0.6
+      - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@v1
         with:
-          toolchain: nightly-2025-02-17
+          toolchain: nightly-2024-07-18
           override: true
           components: rustfmt, clippy
 
@@ -30,3 +30,4 @@ jobs:
         run: zizmor .
 
 
+    

.github/workflows/swift-pm.yml

@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Checkout EZKL
-        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683  #v4.2.2
-        with:
+        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        with: 
           persist-credentials: false
 
       - name: Extract TAG from github.ref_name
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ jobs:
           echo "TAG=$NEW_TAG" >> $GITHUB_ENV
 
       - name: Install Rust (nightly)
-        uses: actions-rs/toolchain@b2417cde72dcf67f306c0ae8e0828a81bf0b189f  #v1.0.6
+        uses: actions-rs/toolchain@v1
         with:
           toolchain: nightly
           override: true

.github/workflows/tagging.yml

@@ -11,12 +11,12 @@ jobs:
       contents: write
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683  #v4.2.2
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
       - name: Bump version and push tag
         id: tag_version
-        uses: mathieudutour/github-tag-action@a22cf08638b34d5badda920f9daf6e72c477b07b  #v6.2
+        uses: mathieudutour/github-tag-action@v6.2
         with:
           github_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
 
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ jobs:
           git tag $RELEASE_TAG
 
       - name: Push changes
-        uses: ad-m/github-push-action@77c5b412c50b723d2a4fbc6d71fb5723bcd439aa  #master
+        uses: ad-m/github-push-action@master
         env:
           RELEASE_TAG: ${{ steps.tag_version.outputs.new_tag }}
         with:

.gitignore

@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ pkg
 !AttestData.sol
 !VerifierBase.sol
 !LoadInstances.sol
-!AttestData.t.sol
 *.pf
 *.vk
 *.pk
@@ -50,5 +49,3 @@ timingData.json
 !tests/assets/vk.key
 docs/python/build
 !tests/assets/vk_aggr.key
-cache
-out

Cargo.lock

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # This file is automatically @generated by Cargo.
 # It is not intended for manual editing.
-version = 4
+version = 3
 
 [[package]]
 name = "addr2line"
@@ -467,7 +467,7 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 source = "git+https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy?rev=5fbf57bac99edef9d8475190109a7ea9fb7e5e83#5fbf57bac99edef9d8475190109a7ea9fb7e5e83"
 dependencies = [
  "alloy-json-rpc",
- "base64",
+ "base64 0.22.1",
  "futures-util",
  "futures-utils-wasm",
  "serde",
@@ -888,6 +888,12 @@ version = "0.2.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "4c7f02d4ea65f2c1853089ffd8d2787bdbc63de2f0d29dedbcf8ccdfa0ccd4cf"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "base64"
+version = "0.21.7"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "9d297deb1925b89f2ccc13d7635fa0714f12c87adce1c75356b39ca9b7178567"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "base64"
 version = "0.22.1"
@@ -909,6 +915,17 @@ dependencies = [
  "serde",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "bigdecimal"
+version = "0.3.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a6773ddc0eafc0e509fb60e48dff7f450f8e674a0686ae8605e8d9901bd5eefa"
+dependencies = [
+ "num-bigint",
+ "num-integer",
+ "num-traits",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "bincode"
 version = "1.3.3"
@@ -927,7 +944,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "bitflags 2.5.0",
  "cexpr",
  "clang-sys",
- "itertools 0.11.0",
+ "itertools 0.12.1",
  "lazy_static",
  "lazycell",
  "log",
@@ -1743,7 +1760,7 @@ checksum = "a650a461c6a8ff1ef205ed9a2ad56579309853fecefc2423f73dced342f92258"
 [[package]]
 name = "ecc"
 version = "0.1.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/zkonduit/halo2wrong?branch=ac%2Fchunked-mv-lookup#b43ebe30e84825d0d004fa27803d99c4187d419f"
+source = "git+https://github.com/zkonduit/halo2wrong?branch=ac/chunked-mv-lookup#b43ebe30e84825d0d004fa27803d99c4187d419f"
 dependencies = [
  "integer",
  "num-bigint",
@@ -1950,11 +1967,14 @@ dependencies = [
  "num",
  "objc",
  "openssl",
+ "pg_bigdecimal",
+ "portable-atomic",
  "pyo3",
  "pyo3-async-runtimes",
  "pyo3-log",
  "pyo3-stub-gen",
  "rand 0.8.5",
+ "regex",
  "reqwest",
  "semver 1.0.22",
  "seq-macro",
@@ -1970,6 +1990,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "test-case",
  "thiserror",
  "tokio",
+ "tokio-postgres",
  "tosubcommand",
  "tract-onnx",
  "uniffi",
@@ -1982,6 +2003,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "wasm-bindgen-test",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "fallible-iterator"
+version = "0.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "4443176a9f2c162692bd3d352d745ef9413eec5782a80d8fd6f8a1ac692a07f7"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "fastrand"
 version = "2.0.1"
@@ -2033,6 +2060,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "windows-sys 0.52.0",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "finl_unicode"
+version = "1.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "8fcfdc7a0362c9f4444381a9e697c79d435fe65b52a37466fc2c1184cee9edc6"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "fixed-hash"
 version = "0.8.0"
@@ -2366,7 +2399,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "halo2_gadgets"
 version = "0.2.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/zkonduit/halo2#f441c920be45f8f05d2c06a173d82e8885a5ed4d"
+source = "git+https://github.com/zkonduit/halo2#d7ecad83c7439fa1cb450ee4a89c2d0b45604ceb"
 dependencies = [
  "arrayvec 0.7.4",
  "bitvec",
@@ -2383,7 +2416,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "halo2_proofs"
 version = "0.3.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/zkonduit/halo2#f441c920be45f8f05d2c06a173d82e8885a5ed4d#f441c920be45f8f05d2c06a173d82e8885a5ed4d"
+source = "git+https://github.com/zkonduit/halo2#bf9d0057a82443be48c4779bbe14961c18fb5996#bf9d0057a82443be48c4779bbe14961c18fb5996"
 dependencies = [
  "bincode",
  "blake2b_simd",
@@ -2410,7 +2443,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "halo2_solidity_verifier"
 version = "0.1.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/alexander-camuto/halo2-solidity-verifier#80c20d6ab57d3b28b2a28df4b63c30923bde17e1"
+source = "git+https://github.com/alexander-camuto/halo2-solidity-verifier#7def6101d32331182f91483832e4fd293d75f33e"
 dependencies = [
  "askama",
  "blake2b_simd",
@@ -2573,7 +2606,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "halo2wrong"
 version = "0.1.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/zkonduit/halo2wrong?branch=ac%2Fchunked-mv-lookup#b43ebe30e84825d0d004fa27803d99c4187d419f"
+source = "git+https://github.com/zkonduit/halo2wrong?branch=ac/chunked-mv-lookup#b43ebe30e84825d0d004fa27803d99c4187d419f"
 dependencies = [
  "halo2_proofs",
  "num-bigint",
@@ -2924,7 +2957,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "integer"
 version = "0.1.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/zkonduit/halo2wrong?branch=ac%2Fchunked-mv-lookup#b43ebe30e84825d0d004fa27803d99c4187d419f"
+source = "git+https://github.com/zkonduit/halo2wrong?branch=ac/chunked-mv-lookup#b43ebe30e84825d0d004fa27803d99c4187d419f"
 dependencies = [
  "maingate",
  "num-bigint",
@@ -3235,7 +3268,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "maingate"
 version = "0.1.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/zkonduit/halo2wrong?branch=ac%2Fchunked-mv-lookup#b43ebe30e84825d0d004fa27803d99c4187d419f"
+source = "git+https://github.com/zkonduit/halo2wrong?branch=ac/chunked-mv-lookup#b43ebe30e84825d0d004fa27803d99c4187d419f"
 dependencies = [
  "halo2wrong",
  "num-bigint",
@@ -3644,9 +3677,9 @@ checksum = "ff011a302c396a5197692431fc1948019154afc178baf7d8e37367442a4601cf"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "openssl-src"
-version = "300.4.1+3.4.0"
+version = "300.2.3+3.2.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "faa4eac4138c62414b5622d1b31c5c304f34b406b013c079c2bbc652fdd6678c"
+checksum = "5cff92b6f71555b61bb9315f7c64da3ca43d87531622120fea0195fc761b4843"
 dependencies = [
  "cc",
 ]
@@ -3831,6 +3864,19 @@ dependencies = [
  "indexmap",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "pg_bigdecimal"
+version = "0.1.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f9855a94c74528af62c0ea236577af5e601263c1c404a6ac939b07c97c8e0216"
+dependencies = [
+ "bigdecimal",
+ "byteorder",
+ "bytes",
+ "num",
+ "postgres",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "phf"
 version = "0.11.2"
@@ -3988,6 +4034,49 @@ dependencies = [
  "subtle",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "postgres"
+version = "0.19.7"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "7915b33ed60abc46040cbcaa25ffa1c7ec240668e0477c4f3070786f5916d451"
+dependencies = [
+ "bytes",
+ "fallible-iterator",
+ "futures-util",
+ "log",
+ "tokio",
+ "tokio-postgres",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "postgres-protocol"
+version = "0.6.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "49b6c5ef183cd3ab4ba005f1ca64c21e8bd97ce4699cfea9e8d9a2c4958ca520"
+dependencies = [
+ "base64 0.21.7",
+ "byteorder",
+ "bytes",
+ "fallible-iterator",
+ "hmac",
+ "md-5",
+ "memchr",
+ "rand 0.8.5",
+ "sha2",
+ "stringprep",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "postgres-types"
+version = "0.2.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "8d2234cdee9408b523530a9b6d2d6b373d1db34f6a8e51dc03ded1828d7fb67c"
+dependencies = [
+ "bytes",
+ "fallible-iterator",
+ "postgres-protocol",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "powerfmt"
 version = "0.2.0"
@@ -4497,7 +4586,7 @@ version = "0.12.7"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "f8f4955649ef5c38cc7f9e8aa41761d48fb9677197daea9984dc54f56aad5e63"
 dependencies = [
- "base64",
+ "base64 0.22.1",
  "bytes",
  "futures-channel",
  "futures-core",
@@ -4770,7 +4859,7 @@ version = "2.1.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "196fe16b00e106300d3e45ecfcb764fa292a535d7326a29a5875c579c7417425"
 dependencies = [
- "base64",
+ "base64 0.22.1",
  "rustls-pki-types",
 ]
 
@@ -5143,7 +5232,7 @@ checksum = "b7c388c1b5e93756d0c740965c41e8822f866621d41acbdf6336a6a168f8840c"
 [[package]]
 name = "snark-verifier"
 version = "0.1.1"
-source = "git+https://github.com/zkonduit/snark-verifier?branch=ac%2Fchunked-mv-lookup#8762701ab8fa04e7d243a346030afd85633ec970"
+source = "git+https://github.com/zkonduit/snark-verifier?branch=ac/chunked-mv-lookup#8762701ab8fa04e7d243a346030afd85633ec970"
 dependencies = [
  "ecc",
  "halo2_proofs",
@@ -5237,6 +5326,17 @@ dependencies = [
  "precomputed-hash",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "stringprep"
+version = "0.1.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "bb41d74e231a107a1b4ee36bd1214b11285b77768d2e3824aedafa988fd36ee6"
+dependencies = [
+ "finl_unicode",
+ "unicode-bidi",
+ "unicode-normalization",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "strsim"
 version = "0.11.0"
@@ -5600,6 +5700,32 @@ dependencies = [
  "tokio",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "tokio-postgres"
+version = "0.7.10"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d340244b32d920260ae7448cb72b6e238bddc3d4f7603394e7dd46ed8e48f5b8"
+dependencies = [
+ "async-trait",
+ "byteorder",
+ "bytes",
+ "fallible-iterator",
+ "futures-channel",
+ "futures-util",
+ "log",
+ "parking_lot",
+ "percent-encoding",
+ "phf",
+ "pin-project-lite",
+ "postgres-protocol",
+ "postgres-types",
+ "rand 0.8.5",
+ "socket2",
+ "tokio",
+ "tokio-util",
+ "whoami",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "tokio-rustls"
 version = "0.26.0"
@@ -6110,7 +6236,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "uniffi_testing"
 version = "0.28.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/ElusAegis/uniffi-rs?branch=feat%2Ftesting-feature-build-fix#4684b9e7da2d9c964c2b3a73883947aab7370a06"
+source = "git+https://github.com/ElusAegis/uniffi-rs?branch=feat/testing-feature-build-fix#4684b9e7da2d9c964c2b3a73883947aab7370a06"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "camino",
@@ -6264,6 +6390,12 @@ version = "0.11.0+wasi-snapshot-preview1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "9c8d87e72b64a3b4db28d11ce29237c246188f4f51057d65a7eab63b7987e423"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "wasite"
+version = "0.1.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "b8dad83b4f25e74f184f64c43b150b91efe7647395b42289f38e50566d82855b"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen"
 version = "0.2.92"
@@ -6443,6 +6575,17 @@ dependencies = [
  "rustix",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "whoami"
+version = "1.5.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a44ab49fad634e88f55bf8f9bb3abd2f27d7204172a112c7c9987e01c1c94ea9"
+dependencies = [
+ "redox_syscall",
+ "wasite",
+ "web-sys",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "winapi"
 version = "0.3.9"

Cargo.toml

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ cargo-features = ["profile-rustflags"]
 [package]
 name = "ezkl"
 version = "0.0.0"
-edition = "2024"
+edition = "2021"
 default-run = "ezkl"
 
 # See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ maybe-rayon = { version = "0.1.1", default-features = false }
 bincode = { version = "1.3.3", default-features = false }
 unzip-n = "0.1.2"
 num = "0.4.1"
+portable-atomic = { version = "1.6.0", optional = true }
 tosubcommand = { git = "https://github.com/zkonduit/enum_to_subcommand", package = "tosubcommand", optional = true }
 semver = { version = "1.0.22", optional = true }
 
@@ -69,8 +70,11 @@ reqwest = { version = "0.12.4", default-features = false, features = [
     "stream",
 ], optional = true }
 openssl = { version = "0.10.55", features = ["vendored"], optional = true }
+tokio-postgres = { version = "0.7.10", optional = true }
+pg_bigdecimal = { version = "0.1.5", optional = true }
 lazy_static = { version = "1.4.0", optional = true }
 colored_json = { version = "3.0.1", default-features = false, optional = true }
+regex = { version = "1", default-features = false, optional = true }
 tokio = { version = "1.35.0", default-features = false, features = [
     "macros",
     "rt-multi-thread",
@@ -240,12 +244,16 @@ ezkl = [
     "dep:indicatif",
     "dep:gag",
     "dep:reqwest",
-    "dep:lazy_static",
-    "dep:tokio",
     "dep:openssl",
+    "dep:tokio-postgres",
+    "dep:pg_bigdecimal",
+    "dep:lazy_static",
+    "dep:regex",
+    "dep:tokio",
     "dep:mimalloc",
     "dep:chrono",
     "dep:sha256",
+    "dep:portable-atomic",
     "dep:clap_complete",
     "dep:halo2_solidity_verifier",
     "dep:semver",
@@ -272,11 +280,10 @@ macos-metal = ["halo2_proofs/macos"]
 ios-metal = ["halo2_proofs/ios"]
 
 [patch.'https://github.com/zkonduit/halo2']
-halo2_proofs = { git = "https://github.com/zkonduit/halo2#f441c920be45f8f05d2c06a173d82e8885a5ed4d", package = "halo2_proofs" }
+halo2_proofs = { git = "https://github.com/zkonduit/halo2#bf9d0057a82443be48c4779bbe14961c18fb5996", package = "halo2_proofs" }
 
 [patch.'https://github.com/zkonduit/halo2#0654e92bdf725fd44d849bfef3643870a8c7d50b']
-halo2_proofs = { git = "https://github.com/zkonduit/halo2#f441c920be45f8f05d2c06a173d82e8885a5ed4d", package = "halo2_proofs" }
-
+halo2_proofs = { git = "https://github.com/zkonduit/halo2#bf9d0057a82443be48c4779bbe14961c18fb5996", package = "halo2_proofs" }
 
 [patch.crates-io]
 uniffi_testing = { git = "https://github.com/ElusAegis/uniffi-rs", branch = "feat/testing-feature-build-fix" }
@@ -285,12 +292,12 @@ uniffi_testing = { git = "https://github.com/ElusAegis/uniffi-rs", branch = "fea
 rustflags = ["-C", "relocation-model=pic"]
 lto = "fat"
 codegen-units = 1
-#panic = "abort"
+# panic = "abort"
 
 
-[profile.test-runs]
-inherits = "dev"
-opt-level = 3
-
 [package.metadata.wasm-pack.profile.release]
-wasm-opt = ["-O4", "--flexible-inline-max-function-size", "4294967295"]
+wasm-opt = [
+    "-O4",
+    "--flexible-inline-max-function-size",
+    "4294967295",
+]

README.md

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ The generated proofs can then be verified with much less computational resources
 
 ----------------------
 
-### Getting Started ⚙️
+### getting started ⚙️
 
 The easiest way to get started is to try out a notebook. 
 
@@ -76,12 +76,12 @@ For more details visit the [docs](https://docs.ezkl.xyz). The CLI is faster than
 
 Build the auto-generated rust documentation and open the docs in your browser locally. `cargo doc --open`
 
-#### In-browser EVM Verifier
+#### In-browser EVM verifier
 
 As an alternative to running the native Halo2 verifier as a WASM binding in the browser, you can use the in-browser EVM verifier. The source code of which you can find in the `in-browser-evm-verifier` directory and a README with instructions on how to use it.
 
 
-### Building the Project 🔨
+### building the project 🔨
 
 #### Rust CLI
 
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ cargo install --locked --path .
 
 
 
-#### Building Python Bindings
+#### building python bindings
 Python bindings exists and can be built using `maturin`. You will need `rust` and `cargo` to be installed.
 
 ```bash
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ unset ENABLE_ICICLE_GPU
 
 **NOTE:** Even with the above environment variable set, icicle is disabled for circuits where k <= 8. To change the value of `k` where icicle is enabled, you can set the environment variable `ICICLE_SMALL_K`.
 
-### Contributing 🌎
+### contributing 🌎
 
 If you're interested in contributing and are unsure where to start, reach out to one of the maintainers:
 
@@ -144,21 +144,13 @@ More broadly:
 
 Any contribution intentionally submitted for inclusion in the work by you shall be licensed to Zkonduit Inc. under the terms and conditions specified in the [CLA](https://github.com/zkonduit/ezkl/blob/main/cla.md), which you agree to by intentionally submitting a contribution. In particular, you have the right to submit the contribution and we can distribute it, among other terms and conditions. 
 
+### no security guarantees
 
-### Audits & Security
+Ezkl is unaudited, beta software undergoing rapid development. There may be bugs. No guarantees of security are made and it should not be relied on in production.
 
-[v21.0.0](https://github.com/zkonduit/ezkl/releases/tag/v21.0.0) has been audited by Trail of Bits, the report can be found [here](https://github.com/trailofbits/publications/blob/master/reviews/2025-03-zkonduit-ezkl-securityreview.pdf).
+> NOTE: Because operations are quantized when they are converted from an onnx file to a zk-circuit, outputs in python and ezkl may differ slightly. 
 
-> NOTE: Because operations are quantized when they are converted from an onnx file to a zk-circuit, outputs in python and ezkl may differ slightly.
+### no warranty
 
-
-Check out `docs/advanced_security` for more advanced information on potential threat vectors that are specific to zero-knowledge inference, quantization, and to machine learning models generally.
-
-
-### No Warranty
-
-THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+Copyright (c) 2024 Zkonduit Inc. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
-
-Copyright (c) 2025 Zkonduit Inc. 
-

abis/DataAttestation.json

@@ -1,312 +0,0 @@
-[
-    {
-        "inputs": [
-            {
-                "internalType": "address",
-                "name": "_contractAddresses",
-                "type": "address"
-            },
-            {
-                "internalType": "bytes",
-                "name": "_callData",
-                "type": "bytes"
-            },
-            {
-                "internalType": "uint256[]",
-                "name": "_decimals",
-                "type": "uint256[]"
-            },
-            {
-                "internalType": "uint256[]",
-                "name": "_bits",
-                "type": "uint256[]"
-            },
-            {
-                "internalType": "uint8",
-                "name": "_instanceOffset",
-                "type": "uint8"
-            }
-        ],
-        "stateMutability": "nonpayable",
-        "type": "constructor"
-    },
-    {
-        "inputs": [],
-        "name": "HALF_ORDER",
-        "outputs": [
-            {
-                "internalType": "uint256",
-                "name": "",
-                "type": "uint256"
-            }
-        ],
-        "stateMutability": "view",
-        "type": "function"
-    },
-    {
-        "inputs": [],
-        "name": "ORDER",
-        "outputs": [
-            {
-                "internalType": "uint256",
-                "name": "",
-                "type": "uint256"
-            }
-        ],
-        "stateMutability": "view",
-        "type": "function"
-    },
-    {
-        "inputs": [
-            {
-                "internalType": "uint256[]",
-                "name": "instances",
-                "type": "uint256[]"
-            }
-        ],
-        "name": "attestData",
-        "outputs": [],
-        "stateMutability": "view",
-        "type": "function"
-    },
-    {
-        "inputs": [],
-        "name": "callData",
-        "outputs": [
-            {
-                "internalType": "bytes",
-                "name": "",
-                "type": "bytes"
-            }
-        ],
-        "stateMutability": "view",
-        "type": "function"
-    },
-    {
-        "inputs": [],
-        "name": "contractAddress",
-        "outputs": [
-            {
-                "internalType": "address",
-                "name": "",
-                "type": "address"
-            }
-        ],
-        "stateMutability": "view",
-        "type": "function"
-    },
-    {
-        "inputs": [
-            {
-                "internalType": "bytes",
-                "name": "encoded",
-                "type": "bytes"
-            }
-        ],
-        "name": "getInstancesCalldata",
-        "outputs": [
-            {
-                "internalType": "uint256[]",
-                "name": "instances",
-                "type": "uint256[]"
-            }
-        ],
-        "stateMutability": "pure",
-        "type": "function"
-    },
-    {
-        "inputs": [
-            {
-                "internalType": "bytes",
-                "name": "encoded",
-                "type": "bytes"
-            }
-        ],
-        "name": "getInstancesMemory",
-        "outputs": [
-            {
-                "internalType": "uint256[]",
-                "name": "instances",
-                "type": "uint256[]"
-            }
-        ],
-        "stateMutability": "pure",
-        "type": "function"
-    },
-    {
-        "inputs": [
-            {
-                "internalType": "uint256",
-                "name": "index",
-                "type": "uint256"
-            }
-        ],
-        "name": "getScalars",
-        "outputs": [
-            {
-                "components": [
-                    {
-                        "internalType": "uint256",
-                        "name": "decimals",
-                        "type": "uint256"
-                    },
-                    {
-                        "internalType": "uint256",
-                        "name": "bits",
-                        "type": "uint256"
-                    }
-                ],
-                "internalType": "struct DataAttestation.Scalars",
-                "name": "",
-                "type": "tuple"
-            }
-        ],
-        "stateMutability": "view",
-        "type": "function"
-    },
-    {
-        "inputs": [],
-        "name": "instanceOffset",
-        "outputs": [
-            {
-                "internalType": "uint8",
-                "name": "",
-                "type": "uint8"
-            }
-        ],
-        "stateMutability": "view",
-        "type": "function"
-    },
-    {
-        "inputs": [
-            {
-                "internalType": "uint256",
-                "name": "x",
-                "type": "uint256"
-            },
-            {
-                "internalType": "uint256",
-                "name": "y",
-                "type": "uint256"
-            },
-            {
-                "internalType": "uint256",
-                "name": "denominator",
-                "type": "uint256"
-            }
-        ],
-        "name": "mulDiv",
-        "outputs": [
-            {
-                "internalType": "uint256",
-                "name": "result",
-                "type": "uint256"
-            }
-        ],
-        "stateMutability": "pure",
-        "type": "function"
-    },
-    {
-        "inputs": [
-            {
-                "internalType": "int256",
-                "name": "x",
-                "type": "int256"
-            },
-            {
-                "components": [
-                    {
-                        "internalType": "uint256",
-                        "name": "decimals",
-                        "type": "uint256"
-                    },
-                    {
-                        "internalType": "uint256",
-                        "name": "bits",
-                        "type": "uint256"
-                    }
-                ],
-                "internalType": "struct DataAttestation.Scalars",
-                "name": "_scalars",
-                "type": "tuple"
-            }
-        ],
-        "name": "quantizeData",
-        "outputs": [
-            {
-                "internalType": "int256",
-                "name": "quantized_data",
-                "type": "int256"
-            }
-        ],
-        "stateMutability": "pure",
-        "type": "function"
-    },
-    {
-        "inputs": [
-            {
-                "internalType": "address",
-                "name": "target",
-                "type": "address"
-            },
-            {
-                "internalType": "bytes",
-                "name": "data",
-                "type": "bytes"
-            }
-        ],
-        "name": "staticCall",
-        "outputs": [
-            {
-                "internalType": "bytes",
-                "name": "",
-                "type": "bytes"
-            }
-        ],
-        "stateMutability": "view",
-        "type": "function"
-    },
-    {
-        "inputs": [
-            {
-                "internalType": "int256",
-                "name": "x",
-                "type": "int256"
-            }
-        ],
-        "name": "toFieldElement",
-        "outputs": [
-            {
-                "internalType": "uint256",
-                "name": "field_element",
-                "type": "uint256"
-            }
-        ],
-        "stateMutability": "pure",
-        "type": "function"
-    },
-    {
-        "inputs": [
-            {
-                "internalType": "address",
-                "name": "verifier",
-                "type": "address"
-            },
-            {
-                "internalType": "bytes",
-                "name": "encoded",
-                "type": "bytes"
-            }
-        ],
-        "name": "verifyWithDataAttestation",
-        "outputs": [
-            {
-                "internalType": "bool",
-                "name": "",
-                "type": "bool"
-            }
-        ],
-        "stateMutability": "view",
-        "type": "function"
-    }
-]

abis/DataAttestationMulti.json

@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+[
+	{
+		"inputs": [
+			{
+				"internalType": "address[]",
+				"name": "_contractAddresses",
+				"type": "address[]"
+			},
+			{
+				"internalType": "bytes[][]",
+				"name": "_callData",
+				"type": "bytes[][]"
+			},
+			{
+				"internalType": "uint256[][]",
+				"name": "_decimals",
+				"type": "uint256[][]"
+			},
+			{
+				"internalType": "uint256[]",
+				"name": "_scales",
+				"type": "uint256[]"
+			},
+			{
+				"internalType": "uint8",
+				"name": "_instanceOffset",
+				"type": "uint8"
+			},
+			{
+				"internalType": "address",
+				"name": "_admin",
+				"type": "address"
+			}
+		],
+		"stateMutability": "nonpayable",
+		"type": "constructor"
+	},
+	{
+		"inputs": [
+			{
+				"internalType": "uint256",
+				"name": "",
+				"type": "uint256"
+			}
+		],
+		"name": "accountCalls",
+		"outputs": [
+			{
+				"internalType": "address",
+				"name": "contractAddress",
+				"type": "address"
+			},
+			{
+				"internalType": "uint256",
+				"name": "callCount",
+				"type": "uint256"
+			}
+		],
+		"stateMutability": "view",
+		"type": "function"
+	},
+	{
+		"inputs": [],
+		"name": "admin",
+		"outputs": [
+			{
+				"internalType": "address",
+				"name": "",
+				"type": "address"
+			}
+		],
+		"stateMutability": "view",
+		"type": "function"
+	},
+	{
+		"inputs": [],
+		"name": "instanceOffset",
+		"outputs": [
+			{
+				"internalType": "uint8",
+				"name": "",
+				"type": "uint8"
+			}
+		],
+		"stateMutability": "view",
+		"type": "function"
+	},
+	{
+		"inputs": [
+			{
+				"internalType": "uint256",
+				"name": "",
+				"type": "uint256"
+			}
+		],
+		"name": "scales",
+		"outputs": [
+			{
+				"internalType": "uint256",
+				"name": "",
+				"type": "uint256"
+			}
+		],
+		"stateMutability": "view",
+		"type": "function"
+	},
+	{
+		"inputs": [
+			{
+				"internalType": "address[]",
+				"name": "_contractAddresses",
+				"type": "address[]"
+			},
+			{
+				"internalType": "bytes[][]",
+				"name": "_callData",
+				"type": "bytes[][]"
+			},
+			{
+				"internalType": "uint256[][]",
+				"name": "_decimals",
+				"type": "uint256[][]"
+			}
+		],
+		"name": "updateAccountCalls",
+		"outputs": [],
+		"stateMutability": "nonpayable",
+		"type": "function"
+	},
+	{
+		"inputs": [
+			{
+				"internalType": "address",
+				"name": "_admin",
+				"type": "address"
+			}
+		],
+		"name": "updateAdmin",
+		"outputs": [],
+		"stateMutability": "nonpayable",
+		"type": "function"
+	},
+	{
+		"inputs": [
+			{
+				"internalType": "address",
+				"name": "verifier",
+				"type": "address"
+			},
+			{
+				"internalType": "bytes",
+				"name": "encoded",
+				"type": "bytes"
+			}
+		],
+		"name": "verifyWithDataAttestation",
+		"outputs": [
+			{
+				"internalType": "bool",
+				"name": "",
+				"type": "bool"
+			}
+		],
+		"stateMutability": "view",
+		"type": "function"
+	}
+]

abis/DataAttestationSingle.json

@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+[
+    {
+        "inputs": [
+            {
+                "internalType": "address",
+                "name": "_contractAddresses",
+                "type": "address"
+            },
+            {
+                "internalType": "bytes",
+                "name": "_callData",
+                "type": "bytes"
+            },
+            {
+                "internalType": "uint256",
+                "name": "_decimals",
+                "type": "uint256"
+            },
+            {
+                "internalType": "uint256[]",
+                "name": "_scales",
+                "type": "uint256[]"
+            },
+            {
+                "internalType": "uint8",
+                "name": "_instanceOffset",
+                "type": "uint8"
+            },
+            {
+                "internalType": "address",
+                "name": "_admin",
+                "type": "address"
+            }
+        ],
+        "stateMutability": "nonpayable",
+        "type": "constructor"
+    },
+    {
+        "inputs": [],
+        "name": "accountCall",
+        "outputs": [
+            {
+                "internalType": "address",
+                "name": "contractAddress",
+                "type": "address"
+            },
+            {
+                "internalType": "bytes",
+                "name": "callData",
+                "type": "bytes"
+            },
+            {
+                "internalType": "uint256",
+                "name": "decimals",
+                "type": "uint256"
+            }
+        ],
+        "stateMutability": "view",
+        "type": "function"
+    },
+    {
+        "inputs": [],
+        "name": "admin",
+        "outputs": [
+            {
+                "internalType": "address",
+                "name": "",
+                "type": "address"
+            }
+        ],
+        "stateMutability": "view",
+        "type": "function"
+    },
+    {
+        "inputs": [],
+        "name": "instanceOffset",
+        "outputs": [
+            {
+                "internalType": "uint8",
+                "name": "",
+                "type": "uint8"
+            }
+        ],
+        "stateMutability": "view",
+        "type": "function"
+    },
+    {
+        "inputs": [
+            {
+                "internalType": "address",
+                "name": "_contractAddresses",
+                "type": "address"
+            },
+            {
+                "internalType": "bytes",
+                "name": "_callData",
+                "type": "bytes"
+            },
+            {
+                "internalType": "uint256",
+                "name": "_decimals",
+                "type": "uint256"
+            }
+        ],
+        "name": "updateAccountCalls",
+        "outputs": [],
+        "stateMutability": "nonpayable",
+        "type": "function"
+    },
+    {
+        "inputs": [
+            {
+                "internalType": "address",
+                "name": "_admin",
+                "type": "address"
+            }
+        ],
+        "name": "updateAdmin",
+        "outputs": [],
+        "stateMutability": "nonpayable",
+        "type": "function"
+    },
+    {
+        "inputs": [
+            {
+                "internalType": "address",
+                "name": "verifier",
+                "type": "address"
+            },
+            {
+                "internalType": "bytes",
+                "name": "encoded",
+                "type": "bytes"
+            }
+        ],
+        "name": "verifyWithDataAttestation",
+        "outputs": [
+            {
+                "internalType": "bool",
+                "name": "",
+                "type": "bool"
+            }
+        ],
+        "stateMutability": "view",
+        "type": "function"
+    }
+]

benches/accum_conv.rs

@@ -73,8 +73,6 @@ impl Circuit<Fr> for MyCircuit {
                             padding: vec![(0, 0)],
                             stride: vec![1; 2],
                             group: 1,
-                            data_format: DataFormat::NCHW,
-                            kernel_format: KernelFormat::OIHW,
                         }),
                     )
                     .unwrap();

benches/accum_sumpool.rs

@@ -69,7 +69,6 @@ impl Circuit<Fr> for MyCircuit {
                             stride: vec![1, 1],
                             kernel_shape: vec![2, 2],
                             normalized: false,
-                            data_format: DataFormat::NCHW,
                         }),
                     )
                     .unwrap();

benches/poseidon.rs

@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@ use halo2curves::bn256::{Bn256, Fr};
 use rand::rngs::OsRng;
 use snark_verifier::system::halo2::transcript::evm::EvmTranscript;
 
+const L: usize = 10;
+
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 struct MyCircuit {
     image: ValTensor<Fr>,
@@ -38,7 +40,7 @@ impl Circuit<Fr> for MyCircuit {
     }
 
     fn configure(cs: &mut ConstraintSystem<Fr>) -> Self::Config {
-        PoseidonChip::<PoseidonSpec, POSEIDON_WIDTH, POSEIDON_RATE>::configure(cs, ())
+        PoseidonChip::<PoseidonSpec, POSEIDON_WIDTH, POSEIDON_RATE, 10>::configure(cs, ())
     }
 
     fn synthesize(
@@ -46,7 +48,7 @@ impl Circuit<Fr> for MyCircuit {
         config: Self::Config,
         mut layouter: impl Layouter<Fr>,
     ) -> Result<(), Error> {
-        let chip: PoseidonChip<PoseidonSpec, POSEIDON_WIDTH, POSEIDON_RATE> =
+        let chip: PoseidonChip<PoseidonSpec, POSEIDON_WIDTH, POSEIDON_RATE, L> =
             PoseidonChip::new(config);
         chip.layout(&mut layouter, &[self.image.clone()], 0, &mut HashMap::new())?;
         Ok(())
@@ -57,7 +59,7 @@ fn runposeidon(c: &mut Criterion) {
     let mut group = c.benchmark_group("poseidon");
 
     for size in [64, 784, 2352, 12288].iter() {
-        let k = (PoseidonChip::<PoseidonSpec, POSEIDON_WIDTH, POSEIDON_RATE>::num_rows(*size)
+        let k = (PoseidonChip::<PoseidonSpec, POSEIDON_WIDTH, POSEIDON_RATE, L>::num_rows(*size)
             as f32)
             .log2()
             .ceil() as u32;
@@ -65,7 +67,7 @@ fn runposeidon(c: &mut Criterion) {
 
         let message = (0..*size).map(|_| Fr::random(OsRng)).collect::<Vec<_>>();
         let _output =
-            PoseidonChip::<PoseidonSpec, POSEIDON_WIDTH, POSEIDON_RATE>::run(message.to_vec())
+            PoseidonChip::<PoseidonSpec, POSEIDON_WIDTH, POSEIDON_RATE, L>::run(message.to_vec())
                 .unwrap();
 
         let mut image = Tensor::from(message.into_iter().map(Value::known));

benches/zero_finder.rs

@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ use rand::Rng;
 
 // Assuming these are your types
 #[derive(Clone)]
-#[allow(dead_code)]
 enum ValType {
     Constant(F),
     AssignedConstant(usize, F),
@@ -22,7 +21,7 @@ fn generate_test_data(size: usize, zero_probability: f64) -> Vec<ValType> {
     let mut rng = rand::thread_rng();
     (0..size)
         .map(|_i| {
-            if rng.r#gen::<f64>() < zero_probability {
+            if rng.gen::<f64>() < zero_probability {
                 ValType::Constant(F::ZERO)
             } else {
                 ValType::Constant(F::ONE) // Or some other non-zero value

contracts/AttestData.sol

@@ -8,27 +8,21 @@ contract LoadInstances {
      */
     function getInstancesMemory(
         bytes memory encoded
-    ) public pure returns (uint256[] memory instances) {
+    ) internal pure returns (uint256[] memory instances) {
         bytes4 funcSig;
         uint256 instances_offset;
         uint256 instances_length;
         assembly {
             // fetch function sig. Either `verifyProof(bytes,uint256[])` or `verifyProof(address,bytes,uint256[])`
             funcSig := mload(add(encoded, 0x20))
-        }
-        if (funcSig == 0xaf83a18d) {
-            instances_offset = 0x64;
-        } else if (funcSig == 0x1e8e1e13) {
-            instances_offset = 0x44;
-        } else {
-            revert("Invalid function signature");
-        }
-        assembly {
+
             // Fetch instances offset which is 4 + 32 + 32 bytes away from
             // start of encoded for `verifyProof(bytes,uint256[])`,
             // and 4 + 32 + 32 +32 away for `verifyProof(address,bytes,uint256[])`
 
-            instances_offset := mload(add(encoded, instances_offset))
+            instances_offset := mload(
+                add(encoded, add(0x44, mul(0x20, eq(funcSig, 0xaf83a18d))))
+            )
 
             instances_length := mload(add(add(encoded, 0x24), instances_offset))
         }
@@ -47,10 +41,6 @@ contract LoadInstances {
                 )
             }
         }
-        require(
-            funcSig == 0xaf83a18d || funcSig == 0x1e8e1e13,
-            "Invalid function signature"
-        );
     }
     /**
      * @dev Parse the instances array from the Halo2Verifier encoded calldata.
@@ -59,31 +49,23 @@ contract LoadInstances {
      */
     function getInstancesCalldata(
         bytes calldata encoded
-    ) public pure returns (uint256[] memory instances) {
+    ) internal pure returns (uint256[] memory instances) {
         bytes4 funcSig;
         uint256 instances_offset;
         uint256 instances_length;
         assembly {
             // fetch function sig. Either `verifyProof(bytes,uint256[])` or `verifyProof(address,bytes,uint256[])`
             funcSig := calldataload(encoded.offset)
-        }
-        if (funcSig == 0xaf83a18d) {
-            instances_offset = 0x44;
-        } else if (funcSig == 0x1e8e1e13) {
-            instances_offset = 0x24;
-        } else {
-            revert("Invalid function signature");
-        }
-        // We need to create a new assembly block in order for solidity
-        // to cast the funcSig to a bytes4 type. Otherwise it will load the entire first 32 bytes of the calldata
-        // within the block
-        assembly {
+
             // Fetch instances offset which is 4 + 32 + 32 bytes away from
             // start of encoded for `verifyProof(bytes,uint256[])`,
             // and 4 + 32 + 32 +32 away for `verifyProof(address,bytes,uint256[])`
 
             instances_offset := calldataload(
-                add(encoded.offset, instances_offset)
+                add(
+                    encoded.offset,
+                    add(0x24, mul(0x20, eq(funcSig, 0xaf83a18d)))
+                )
             )
 
             instances_length := calldataload(
@@ -114,7 +96,7 @@ contract LoadInstances {
 // The kzg commitments of a given model, all aggregated into a single bytes array.
 // At solidity generation time, the commitments are hardcoded into the contract via the COMMITMENT_KZG constant.
 // It will be used to check that the proof commitments match the expected commitments.
-bytes constant COMMITMENT_KZG = hex"1234";
+bytes constant COMMITMENT_KZG = hex"";
 
 contract SwapProofCommitments {
     /**
@@ -131,20 +113,17 @@ contract SwapProofCommitments {
         assembly {
             // fetch function sig. Either `verifyProof(bytes,uint256[])` or `verifyProof(address,bytes,uint256[])`
             funcSig := calldataload(encoded.offset)
-        }
-        if (funcSig == 0xaf83a18d) {
-            proof_offset = 0x24;
-        } else if (funcSig == 0x1e8e1e13) {
-            proof_offset = 0x04;
-        } else {
-            revert("Invalid function signature");
-        }
-        assembly {
+
             // Fetch proof offset which is 4 + 32 bytes away from
             // start of encoded for `verifyProof(bytes,uint256[])`,
             // and 4 + 32 + 32 away for `verifyProof(address,bytes,uint256[])`
 
-            proof_offset := calldataload(add(encoded.offset, proof_offset))
+            proof_offset := calldataload(
+                add(
+                    encoded.offset,
+                    add(0x04, mul(0x20, eq(funcSig, 0xaf83a18d)))
+                )
+            )
 
             proof_length := calldataload(
                 add(add(encoded.offset, 0x04), proof_offset)
@@ -175,7 +154,7 @@ contract SwapProofCommitments {
                 let wordCommitment := mload(add(commitment, i))
                 equal := eq(wordProof, wordCommitment)
                 if eq(equal, 0) {
-                    break
+                    return(0, 0)
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -184,38 +163,36 @@ contract SwapProofCommitments {
     } /// end checkKzgCommits
 }
 
-contract DataAttestation is LoadInstances, SwapProofCommitments {
-    // the address of the account to make calls to
-    address public immutable contractAddress;
-
-    // the abi encoded function calls to make to the `contractAddress` that returns the attested to data
-    bytes public callData;
-
-    struct Scalars {
-        // The number of base 10 decimals to scale the data by.
-        // For most ERC20 tokens this is 1e18
+contract DataAttestationSingle is LoadInstances, SwapProofCommitments {
+    /**
+     * @notice Struct used to make view only call to account to fetch the data that EZKL reads from.
+     * @param the address of the account to make calls to
+     * @param the abi encoded function calls to make to the `contractAddress`
+     */
+    struct AccountCall {
+        address contractAddress;
+        bytes callData;
         uint256 decimals;
-        // The number of fractional bits of the fixed point EZKL data points.
-        uint256 bits;
     }
+    AccountCall public accountCall;
 
-    Scalars[] private scalars;
+    uint[] scales;
 
-    function getScalars(uint256 index) public view returns (Scalars memory) {
-        return scalars[index];
-    }
+    address public admin;
 
     /**
      * @notice EZKL P value
      * @dev In order to prevent the verifier from accepting two version of the same pubInput, n and the quantity (n + P),  where n + P <= 2^256, we require that all instances are stricly less than P. a
      * @dev The reason for this is that the assmebly code of the verifier performs all arithmetic operations modulo P and as a consequence can't distinguish between n and n + P.
      */
-    uint256 public constant ORDER =
+    uint256 constant ORDER =
         uint256(
             0x30644e72e131a029b85045b68181585d2833e84879b9709143e1f593f0000001
         );
 
-    uint256 public constant HALF_ORDER = ORDER >> 1;
+    uint256 constant INPUT_LEN = 0;
+
+    uint256 constant OUTPUT_LEN = 0;
 
     uint8 public instanceOffset;
 
@@ -227,27 +204,53 @@ contract DataAttestation is LoadInstances, SwapProofCommitments {
     constructor(
         address _contractAddresses,
         bytes memory _callData,
-        uint256[] memory _decimals,
-        uint[] memory _bits,
-        uint8 _instanceOffset
+        uint256 _decimals,
+        uint[] memory _scales,
+        uint8 _instanceOffset,
+        address _admin
     ) {
-        require(
-            _bits.length == _decimals.length,
-            "Invalid scalar array lengths"
-        );
-        for (uint i; i < _bits.length; i++) {
-            scalars.push(Scalars(10 ** _decimals[i], 1 << _bits[i]));
+        admin = _admin;
+        for (uint i; i < _scales.length; i++) {
+            scales.push(1 << _scales[i]);
         }
-        contractAddress = _contractAddresses;
-        callData = _callData;
+        populateAccountCalls(_contractAddresses, _callData, _decimals);
         instanceOffset = _instanceOffset;
     }
 
+    function updateAdmin(address _admin) external {
+        require(msg.sender == admin, "Only admin can update admin");
+        if (_admin == address(0)) {
+            revert();
+        }
+        admin = _admin;
+    }
+
+    function updateAccountCalls(
+        address _contractAddresses,
+        bytes memory _callData,
+        uint256 _decimals
+    ) external {
+        require(msg.sender == admin, "Only admin can update account calls");
+        populateAccountCalls(_contractAddresses, _callData, _decimals);
+    }
+
+    function populateAccountCalls(
+        address _contractAddresses,
+        bytes memory _callData,
+        uint256 _decimals
+    ) internal {
+        AccountCall memory _accountCall = accountCall;
+        _accountCall.contractAddress = _contractAddresses;
+        _accountCall.callData = _callData;
+        _accountCall.decimals = 10 ** _decimals;
+        accountCall = _accountCall;
+    }
+
     function mulDiv(
         uint256 x,
         uint256 y,
         uint256 denominator
-    ) public pure returns (uint256 result) {
+    ) internal pure returns (uint256 result) {
         unchecked {
             uint256 prod0;
             uint256 prod1;
@@ -295,28 +298,21 @@ contract DataAttestation is LoadInstances, SwapProofCommitments {
     /**
      * @dev Quantize the data returned from the account calls to the scale used by the EZKL model.
      * @param x - One of the elements of the data returned from the account calls
-     * @param _scalars - The scaling factors for the data returned from the account calls.
+     * @param _decimals - Number of base 10 decimals to scale the data by.
+     * @param _scale - The base 2 scale used to convert the floating point value into a fixed point value.
      *
      */
     function quantizeData(
         int x,
-        Scalars memory _scalars
-    ) public pure returns (int256 quantized_data) {
-        if (_scalars.bits == 1 && _scalars.decimals == 1) {
-            return x;
-        }
+        uint256 _decimals,
+        uint256 _scale
+    ) internal pure returns (int256 quantized_data) {
         bool neg = x < 0;
         if (neg) x = -x;
-        uint output = mulDiv(uint256(x), _scalars.bits, _scalars.decimals);
-        if (
-            mulmod(uint256(x), _scalars.bits, _scalars.decimals) * 2 >=
-            _scalars.decimals
-        ) {
+        uint output = mulDiv(uint256(x), _scale, _decimals);
+        if (mulmod(uint256(x), _scale, _decimals) * 2 >= _decimals) {
             output += 1;
         }
-        if (output > HALF_ORDER) {
-            revert("Overflow field modulus");
-        }
         quantized_data = neg ? -int256(output) : int256(output);
     }
     /**
@@ -328,7 +324,7 @@ contract DataAttestation is LoadInstances, SwapProofCommitments {
     function staticCall(
         address target,
         bytes memory data
-    ) public view returns (bytes memory) {
+    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
         (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
         if (success) {
             if (returndata.length == 0) {
@@ -349,7 +345,7 @@ contract DataAttestation is LoadInstances, SwapProofCommitments {
      */
     function toFieldElement(
         int256 x
-    ) public pure returns (uint256 field_element) {
+    ) internal pure returns (uint256 field_element) {
         // The casting down to uint256 is safe because the order is about 2^254, and the value
         // of x ranges of -2^127 to 2^127, so x + int(ORDER) is always positive.
         return uint256(x + int(ORDER)) % ORDER;
@@ -359,16 +355,315 @@ contract DataAttestation is LoadInstances, SwapProofCommitments {
      * @dev Make the account calls to fetch the data that EZKL reads from and attest to the data.
      * @param instances - The public instances to the proof (the data in the proof that publicly accessible to the verifier).
      */
-    function attestData(uint256[] memory instances) public view {
-        bytes memory returnData = staticCall(contractAddress, callData);
+    function attestData(uint256[] memory instances) internal view {
+        require(
+            instances.length >= INPUT_LEN + OUTPUT_LEN,
+            "Invalid public inputs length"
+        );
+        AccountCall memory _accountCall = accountCall;
+        uint[] memory _scales = scales;
+        bytes memory returnData = staticCall(
+            _accountCall.contractAddress,
+            _accountCall.callData
+        );
         int256[] memory x = abi.decode(returnData, (int256[]));
-        int output;
-        uint fieldElement;
+        uint _offset;
+        int output = quantizeData(x[0], _accountCall.decimals, _scales[0]);
+        uint field_element = toFieldElement(output);
         for (uint i = 0; i < x.length; i++) {
-            output = quantizeData(x[i], scalars[i]);
-            fieldElement = toFieldElement(output);
-            if (fieldElement != instances[i]) {
-                revert("Public input does not match");
+            if (field_element != instances[i + instanceOffset]) {
+                _offset += 1;
+            } else {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        uint length = x.length - _offset;
+        for (uint i = 1; i < length; i++) {
+            output = quantizeData(x[i], _accountCall.decimals, _scales[i]);
+            field_element = toFieldElement(output);
+            require(
+                field_element == instances[i + instanceOffset + _offset],
+                "Public input does not match"
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @dev Verify the proof with the data attestation.
+     * @param verifier - The address of the verifier contract.
+     * @param encoded - The verifier calldata.
+     */
+    function verifyWithDataAttestation(
+        address verifier,
+        bytes calldata encoded
+    ) public view returns (bool) {
+        require(verifier.code.length > 0, "Address: call to non-contract");
+        attestData(getInstancesCalldata(encoded));
+        // static call the verifier contract to verify the proof
+        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = verifier.staticcall(encoded);
+
+        if (success) {
+            return abi.decode(returndata, (bool));
+        } else {
+            revert("low-level call to verifier failed");
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// This contract serves as a Data Attestation Verifier for the EZKL model.
+// It is designed to read and attest to instances of proofs generated from a specified circuit.
+// It is particularly constructed to read only int256 data from specified on-chain contracts' view functions.
+
+// Overview of the contract functionality:
+// 1. Initialization: Through the constructor, it sets up the contract calls that the EZKL model will read from.
+// 2. Data Quantization: Quantizes the returned data into a scaled fixed-point representation. See the `quantizeData` method for details.
+// 3. Static Calls: Makes static calls to fetch data from other contracts. See the `staticCall` method.
+// 4. Field Element Conversion: The fixed-point representation is then converted into a field element modulo P using the `toFieldElement` method.
+// 5. Data Attestation: The `attestData` method validates that the public instances match the data fetched and processed by the contract.
+// 6. Proof Verification: The `verifyWithDataAttestationMulti` method parses the instances out of the encoded calldata and calls the `attestData` method to validate the public instances,
+// 6b. Optional KZG Commitment Verification: It also checks the KZG commitments in the proof against the expected commitments using the `checkKzgCommits` method.
+//  then calls the `verifyProof` method to verify the proof on the verifier.
+
+contract DataAttestationMulti is LoadInstances, SwapProofCommitments {
+    /**
+     * @notice Struct used to make view only calls to accounts to fetch the data that EZKL reads from.
+     * @param the address of the account to make calls to
+     * @param the abi encoded function calls to make to the `contractAddress`
+     */
+    struct AccountCall {
+        address contractAddress;
+        mapping(uint256 => bytes) callData;
+        mapping(uint256 => uint256) decimals;
+        uint callCount;
+    }
+    AccountCall[] public accountCalls;
+
+    uint[] public scales;
+
+    address public admin;
+
+    /**
+     * @notice EZKL P value
+     * @dev In order to prevent the verifier from accepting two version of the same pubInput, n and the quantity (n + P),  where n + P <= 2^256, we require that all instances are stricly less than P. a
+     * @dev The reason for this is that the assmebly code of the verifier performs all arithmetic operations modulo P and as a consequence can't distinguish between n and n + P.
+     */
+    uint256 constant ORDER =
+        uint256(
+            0x30644e72e131a029b85045b68181585d2833e84879b9709143e1f593f0000001
+        );
+
+    uint256 constant INPUT_CALLS = 0;
+
+    uint256 constant OUTPUT_CALLS = 0;
+
+    uint8 public instanceOffset;
+
+    /**
+     * @dev Initialize the contract with account calls the EZKL model will read from.
+     * @param _contractAddresses - The calls to all the contracts EZKL reads storage from.
+     * @param _callData - The abi encoded function calls to make to the `contractAddress` that EZKL reads storage from.
+     */
+    constructor(
+        address[] memory _contractAddresses,
+        bytes[][] memory _callData,
+        uint256[][] memory _decimals,
+        uint[] memory _scales,
+        uint8 _instanceOffset,
+        address _admin
+    ) {
+        admin = _admin;
+        for (uint i; i < _scales.length; i++) {
+            scales.push(1 << _scales[i]);
+        }
+        populateAccountCalls(_contractAddresses, _callData, _decimals);
+        instanceOffset = _instanceOffset;
+    }
+
+    function updateAdmin(address _admin) external {
+        require(msg.sender == admin, "Only admin can update admin");
+        if (_admin == address(0)) {
+            revert();
+        }
+        admin = _admin;
+    }
+
+    function updateAccountCalls(
+        address[] memory _contractAddresses,
+        bytes[][] memory _callData,
+        uint256[][] memory _decimals
+    ) external {
+        require(msg.sender == admin, "Only admin can update account calls");
+        populateAccountCalls(_contractAddresses, _callData, _decimals);
+    }
+
+    function populateAccountCalls(
+        address[] memory _contractAddresses,
+        bytes[][] memory _callData,
+        uint256[][] memory _decimals
+    ) internal {
+        require(
+            _contractAddresses.length == _callData.length &&
+                accountCalls.length == _contractAddresses.length,
+            "Invalid input length"
+        );
+        require(
+            _decimals.length == _contractAddresses.length,
+            "Invalid number of decimals"
+        );
+        // fill in the accountCalls storage array
+        uint counter = 0;
+        for (uint256 i = 0; i < _contractAddresses.length; i++) {
+            AccountCall storage accountCall = accountCalls[i];
+            accountCall.contractAddress = _contractAddresses[i];
+            accountCall.callCount = _callData[i].length;
+            for (uint256 j = 0; j < _callData[i].length; j++) {
+                accountCall.callData[j] = _callData[i][j];
+                accountCall.decimals[j] = 10 ** _decimals[i][j];
+            }
+            // count the total number of storage reads across all of the accounts
+            counter += _callData[i].length;
+        }
+        require(
+            counter == INPUT_CALLS + OUTPUT_CALLS,
+            "Invalid number of calls"
+        );
+    }
+
+    function mulDiv(
+        uint256 x,
+        uint256 y,
+        uint256 denominator
+    ) internal pure returns (uint256 result) {
+        unchecked {
+            uint256 prod0;
+            uint256 prod1;
+            assembly {
+                let mm := mulmod(x, y, not(0))
+                prod0 := mul(x, y)
+                prod1 := sub(sub(mm, prod0), lt(mm, prod0))
+            }
+
+            if (prod1 == 0) {
+                return prod0 / denominator;
+            }
+
+            require(denominator > prod1, "Math: mulDiv overflow");
+
+            uint256 remainder;
+            assembly {
+                remainder := mulmod(x, y, denominator)
+                prod1 := sub(prod1, gt(remainder, prod0))
+                prod0 := sub(prod0, remainder)
+            }
+
+            uint256 twos = denominator & (~denominator + 1);
+            assembly {
+                denominator := div(denominator, twos)
+                prod0 := div(prod0, twos)
+                twos := add(div(sub(0, twos), twos), 1)
+            }
+
+            prod0 |= prod1 * twos;
+
+            uint256 inverse = (3 * denominator) ^ 2;
+
+            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse;
+            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse;
+            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse;
+            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse;
+            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse;
+            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse;
+
+            result = prod0 * inverse;
+            return result;
+        }
+    }
+    /**
+     * @dev Quantize the data returned from the account calls to the scale used by the EZKL model.
+     * @param data - The data returned from the account calls.
+     * @param decimals - The number of decimals the data returned from the account calls has (for floating point representation).
+     * @param scale - The scale used to convert the floating point value into a fixed point value.
+     */
+    function quantizeData(
+        bytes memory data,
+        uint256 decimals,
+        uint256 scale
+    ) internal pure returns (int256 quantized_data) {
+        int x = abi.decode(data, (int256));
+        bool neg = x < 0;
+        if (neg) x = -x;
+        uint output = mulDiv(uint256(x), scale, decimals);
+        if (mulmod(uint256(x), scale, decimals) * 2 >= decimals) {
+            output += 1;
+        }
+        quantized_data = neg ? -int256(output) : int256(output);
+    }
+    /**
+     * @dev Make a static call to the account to fetch the data that EZKL reads from.
+     * @param target - The address of the account to make calls to.
+     * @param data  - The abi encoded function calls to make to the `contractAddress` that EZKL reads storage from.
+     * @return The data returned from the account calls. (Must come from either a view or pure function. Will throw an error otherwise)
+     */
+    function staticCall(
+        address target,
+        bytes memory data
+    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
+        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
+        if (success) {
+            if (returndata.length == 0) {
+                require(
+                    target.code.length > 0,
+                    "Address: call to non-contract"
+                );
+            }
+            return returndata;
+        } else {
+            revert("Address: low-level call failed");
+        }
+    }
+    /**
+     * @dev Convert the fixed point quantized data into a field element.
+     * @param x - The quantized data.
+     * @return field_element - The field element.
+     */
+    function toFieldElement(
+        int256 x
+    ) internal pure returns (uint256 field_element) {
+        // The casting down to uint256 is safe because the order is about 2^254, and the value
+        // of x ranges of -2^127 to 2^127, so x + int(ORDER) is always positive.
+        return uint256(x + int(ORDER)) % ORDER;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @dev Make the account calls to fetch the data that EZKL reads from and attest to the data.
+     * @param instances - The public instances to the proof (the data in the proof that publicly accessible to the verifier).
+     */
+    function attestData(uint256[] memory instances) internal view {
+        require(
+            instances.length >= INPUT_CALLS + OUTPUT_CALLS,
+            "Invalid public inputs length"
+        );
+        uint256 _accountCount = accountCalls.length;
+        uint counter = 0;
+        for (uint8 i = 0; i < _accountCount; ++i) {
+            address account = accountCalls[i].contractAddress;
+            for (uint8 j = 0; j < accountCalls[i].callCount; j++) {
+                bytes memory returnData = staticCall(
+                    account,
+                    accountCalls[i].callData[j]
+                );
+                uint256 scale = scales[counter];
+                int256 quantized_data = quantizeData(
+                    returnData,
+                    accountCalls[i].decimals[j],
+                    scale
+                );
+                uint256 field_element = toFieldElement(quantized_data);
+                require(
+                    field_element == instances[counter + instanceOffset],
+                    "Public input does not match"
+                );
+                counter++;
             }
         }
     }

docs/advanced_security/public_commitments.md

@@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
-## EZKL Security Note: Public Commitments and Low-Entropy Data
-
-> **Disclaimer:** this a more technical post that requires some prior knowledge of how ZK proving systems like Halo2 operate, and in particular in how these APIs are constructed. For background reading we highly recommend the [Halo2 book](https://zcash.github.io/halo2/) and [Halo2 Club](https://halo2.club/).
-
-## Overview of commitments in EZKL
-
-A common design pattern in a zero knowledge (zk) application is thus:
-- A prover has some data which is used within a circuit.
-- This data, as it may be high-dimensional or somewhat private, is pre-committed to using some hash function.
-- The zk-circuit which forms the core of the application then proves (para-phrasing) a statement of the form:
->"I know some data D which when hashed corresponds to the pre-committed to value H + whatever else the circuit is proving over D". 
-
-From our own experience, we've implemented such patterns using snark-friendly hash functions like [Poseidon](https://www.poseidon-hash.info/), for which there is a relatively well vetted [implementation](https://docs.rs/halo2_gadgets/latest/halo2_gadgets/poseidon/index.html) in Halo2. Even then these hash functions can introduce lots of overhead and can be very expensive to generate proofs for if the dimensionality of the data D is large. 
-
-You can also implement such a pattern using Halo2's `Fixed` columns _if the privacy preservation of the pre-image is not necessary_. These are Halo2 columns (i.e in reality just polynomials) that are left unblinded (unlike the blinded `Advice` columns), and whose commitments are shared with the verifier by way of the verifying key for the application's zk-circuit. These commitments are much lower cost to generate than implementing a hashing function, such as Poseidon, within a circuit.
-
-> **Note:** Blinding is the process whereby a certain set of the final elements (i.e rows) of a Halo2 column are set to random field elements. This is the mechanism by which Halo2 achieves its zero knowledge properties for `Advice` columns. By contrast `Fixed` columns aren't zero-knowledge in that they are vulnerable to dictionary attacks in the same manner a hash function is. Given some set of known or popular data D an attacker can attempt to recover the pre-image of a hash by running D through the hash function to see if the outputs match a public commitment. These attacks aren't "possible" on blinded `Advice` columns.
-
-> **Further Note:** Note that without blinding, with access to `M` proofs, each of which contains an evaluation of the polynomial at a different point, an attacker can more easily recover a non blinded column's pre-image. This is because each proof generates a new query and evaluation of the polynomial represented by the column and as such with repetition a clearer picture can emerge of the column's pre-image. Thus unblinded columns should only be used for privacy preservation, in the manner of a hash, if the number of proofs generated against a fixed set of values is limited. More formally if M independent and _unique_ queries are generated; if M is equal to the degree + 1 of the polynomial represented by the column (i.e the unique lagrange interpolation of the values in the columns), then the column's pre-image can be recovered. As such as the logrows K increases, the more queries are required to recover the pre-image (as 2^K unique queries are required). This assumes that the entries in the column are not structured, as if they are then the number of queries required to recover the pre-image is reduced (eg. if all rows above a certain point are known to be nil).
-
-The annoyance in using `Fixed` columns comes from the fact that they require generating a new verifying key every time a new set of commitments is generated.
-
-> **Example:** Say for instance an application leverages a zero-knowledge circuit to prove the correct execution of a neural network. Every week the neural network is finetuned or retrained on new data. If the architecture remains the same then commiting to the new network parameters, along with a new proof of performance on a test set, would be an ideal setup. If we leverage `Fixed` columns to commit to the model parameters, each new commitment will require re-generating a  verifying key and sharing the new key with the verifier(s). This is not-ideal UX and can become expensive if the verifier is deployed on-chain. 
-
-An ideal commitment would thus have the low cost of a `Fixed`  column but wouldn't require regenerating a new verifying key for each new commitment.
-
-### Unblinded Advice Columns
-
-A first step in designing such a commitment is to allow for optionally unblinded `Advice` columns within the Halo2 API. These won't be included in the verifying key, AND are blinded with a constant factor `1` -- such that if someone knows the pre-image to the commitment, they can recover it by running it through the corresponding polynomial commitment scheme (in ezkl's case [KZG commitments](https://dankradfeist.de/ethereum/2020/06/16/kate-polynomial-commitments.html)). 
-
-This is implemented using the `polycommit` visibility parameter in the ezkl API.
-
-## The Vulnerability of Public Commitments
-
-
-Public commitments in EZKL (both Poseidon-hashed inputs and KZG commitments) can be vulnerable to brute-force attacks when input data has low entropy. A malicious actor could reveal committed data by searching through possible input values, compromising privacy in applications like anonymous credentials. This is particularly relevant when input data comes from known finite sets (e.g., names, dates).
-
-Example Risk: In an anonymous credential system using EZKL for ID verification, an attacker could match hashed outputs against a database of common identifying information to deanonymize users.
-
-
-

docs/advanced_security/quantization_backdoors.md

@@ -1,54 +0,0 @@
-# EZKL Security Note: Quantization-Activated Model Backdoors
-
-## Model backdoors and provenance
-
-Machine learning models inherently suffer from robustness issues, which can lead to various
-kinds of attacks, from backdoors to evasion attacks. These vulnerabilities are a direct byproductof how machine learning models learn and cannot be remediated.
-
-We say a model has a backdoor whenever a specific attacker-chosen trigger in the input leads
-to the model misbehaving. For instance, if we have an image classifier discriminating cats from dogs, the ability to turn any image of a cat into an image classified as a dog by changing a specific pixel pattern constitutes a backdoor.
-
-Backdoors can be introduced using many different vectors. An attacker can introduce a
-backdoor using traditional security vulnerabilities. For instance, they could directly alter the file containing model weights or dynamically hack the Python code of the model. In addition, backdoors can be introduced by the training data through a process known as poisoning. In this case, an attacker adds malicious data points to the dataset before the model is trained so that the model learns to associate the backdoor trigger with the intended misbehavior.
-
-All these vectors constitute a whole range of provenance challenges, as any component of an
-AI system can virtually be an entrypoint for a backdoor. Although provenance is already a
-concern with traditional code, the issue is exacerbated with AI, as retraining a model is
-cost-prohibitive. It is thus impractical to translate the “recompile it yourself” thinking to AI.
-
-## Quantization activated backdoors
-
-Backdoors are a generic concern in AI that is outside the scope of EZKL. However, EZKL may
-activate a specific subset of backdoors. Several academic papers have demonstrated the
-possibility, both in theory and in practice, of implanting undetectable and inactive backdoors in a full precision model that can be reactivated by quantization.
-
-An external attacker may trick the user of an application running EZKL into loading a model
-containing a quantization backdoor. This backdoor is active in the resulting model and circuit but not in the full-precision model supplied to EZKL, compromising the integrity of the target application and the resulting proof.
-
-### When is this a concern for me as a user?
-
-Any untrusted component in your AI stack may be a backdoor vector. In practice, the most
-sensitive parts include:
-
-- Datasets downloaded from the web or containing crowdsourced data
-- Models downloaded from the web even after finetuning
-- Untrusted software dependencies (well-known frameworks such as PyTorch can typically
-be considered trusted)
-- Any component loaded through an unsafe serialization format, such as Pickle.
-Because backdoors are inherent to ML and cannot be eliminated, reviewing the provenance of
-these sensitive components is especially important.
-
-### Responsibilities of the user and EZKL
-
-As EZKL cannot prevent backdoored models from being used, it is the responsibility of the user to review the provenance of all the components in their AI stack to ensure that no backdoor could have been implanted. EZKL shall not be held responsible for misleading prediction proofs resulting from using a backdoored model or for any harm caused to a system or its users due to a misbehaving model.
-
-### Limitations:
-
-- Attack effectiveness depends on calibration settings and internal rescaling operations.
-- Further research needed on backdoor persistence through witness/proof stages.
-- Can be mitigated by evaluating the quantized model (using `ezkl gen-witness`), rather than relying on the evaluation of the original model in pytorch or onnx-runtime as difference in evaluation could reveal a backdoor.
-
-References:
-
-1. [Quantization Backdoors to Deep Learning Commercial Frameworks (Ma et al., 2021)](https://arxiv.org/abs/2108.09187)
-2. [Planting Undetectable Backdoors in Machine Learning Models (Goldwasser et al., 2022)](https://arxiv.org/abs/2204.06974)

docs/python/src/conf.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import ezkl
 
 project = 'ezkl'
-release = '0.0.0'
+release = '18.1.6'
 version = release
 
 

examples/conv2d_mnist/main.rs

@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@ use mnist::*;
 use rand::rngs::OsRng;
 use std::marker::PhantomData;
 
-
 mod params;
 
 const K: usize = 20;
@@ -209,8 +208,6 @@ where
                         padding: vec![(PADDING, PADDING); 2],
                         stride: vec![STRIDE; 2],
                         group: 1,
-                        data_format: DataFormat::NCHW,
-                        kernel_format: KernelFormat::OIHW,
                     };
                     let x = config
                         .layer_config

examples/notebooks/cat_and_dog_data.sh

@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-# download tess data
-# check if first argument has been set 
-if [ ! -z "$1" ]; then
-    DATA_DIR=$1
-else
-    DATA_DIR=data
-fi
-
-echo "Downloading data to $DATA_DIR"
-
-if [ ! -d "$DATA_DIR/CATDOG" ]; then
-    kaggle datasets download tongpython/cat-and-dog -p $DATA_DIR/CATDOG --unzip
-fi

examples/notebooks/data_attest.ipynb

@@ -272,21 +272,33 @@
                 "\n",
                 "- For file data sources, the raw floating point values that eventually get quantized, converted into field elements and stored in `witness.json` to be consumed by the circuit are stored. The output data contains the expected floating point values returned as outputs from running your vanilla pytorch model on the given inputs.\n",
                 "- For on chain data sources, the input_data field contains all the data necessary to read and format the on chain data into something digestable by EZKL (aka field elements :-D). \n",
-                "Here is what the schema for an on-chain data source graph input file should look like for a single call data source:\n",
+                "Here is what the schema for an on-chain data source graph input file should look like:\n",
                 "    \n",
                 "```json\n",
                 "{\n",
-                "    \"input_data\": {\n",
-                "        \"rpc\": \"http://localhost:3030\", // The rpc endpoint of the chain you are deploying your verifier to\n",
-                "        \"calls\": {\n",
-                "            \"call_data\": \"1f3be514000000000000000000000000c6962004f452be9203591991d15f6b388e09e8d00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000040000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000c000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000b000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000a0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000009000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000800000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000070000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000006000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000040000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000003000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000200000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000\", // The abi encoded call data to a view function that returns an array of on-chain data points we are attesting to. \n",
-                "            \"decimals\": 0, // The number of decimal places of the large uint256 value. This is our way of representing large wei values as floating points on chain, since the evm only natively supports integer values.\n",
-                "            \"address\": \"9A213F53334279C128C37DA962E5472eCD90554f\", // The address of the contract that we are calling to get the data. \n",
-                "            \"len\": 12 // The number of data points returned by the view function (the length of the array)\n",
-                "        }\n",
-                "    }\n",
-                "}\n",
-                "```"
+                "  \"input_data\": {\n",
+                "    \"rpc\": \"http://localhost:3030\", // The rpc endpoint of the chain you are deploying your verifier to\n",
+                "    \"calls\": [\n",
+                "      {\n",
+                "        \"call_data\": [\n",
+                "          [\n",
+                "            \"71e5ee5f0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000\", // The abi encoded call data to a view function that returns a single on-chain data point (we only support uint256 returns for now)\n",
+                "            7 // The number of decimal places of the large uint256 value. This is our way of representing large wei values as floating points on chain, since the evm only natively supports integer values.\n",
+                "          ],\n",
+                "          [\n",
+                "            \"71e5ee5f0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001\",\n",
+                "            5\n",
+                "          ],\n",
+                "          [\n",
+                "            \"71e5ee5f0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000002\",\n",
+                "            5\n",
+                "          ]\n",
+                "        ],\n",
+                "        \"address\": \"5fbdb2315678afecb367f032d93f642f64180aa3\" // The address of the contract that we are calling to get the data. \n",
+                "      }\n",
+                "    ]\n",
+                "  }\n",
+                "}"
             ]
         },
         {
@@ -295,7 +307,7 @@
             "metadata": {},
             "outputs": [],
             "source": [
-                "await ezkl.setup_test_evm_data(\n",
+                "await ezkl.setup_test_evm_witness(\n",
                 "    data_path,\n",
                 "    compiled_model_path,\n",
                 "    # we write the call data to the same file as the input data\n",
@@ -472,8 +484,8 @@
                 "\n",
                 "res = await ezkl.deploy_evm(\n",
                 "    addr_path_verifier,\n",
-                "    'http://127.0.0.1:3030',\n",
                 "    sol_code_path,\n",
+                "    'http://127.0.0.1:3030'\n",
                 ")\n",
                 "\n",
                 "assert res == True"
@@ -526,9 +538,9 @@
                 "res = await ezkl.deploy_da_evm(\n",
                 "        addr_path_da,\n",
                 "        input_path,\n",
-                "        RPC_URL,\n",
                 "        settings_path,\n",
                 "        sol_code_path,\n",
+                "        RPC_URL,\n",
                 "    )\n"
             ]
         },
@@ -557,8 +569,8 @@
                 "\n",
                 "res = await ezkl.verify_evm(\n",
                 "    addr,\n",
-                "    RPC_URL,\n",
                 "    proof_path,\n",
+                "    RPC_URL,\n",
                 "    addr_da,\n",
                 ")"
             ]
@@ -566,7 +578,7 @@
     ],
     "metadata": {
         "kernelspec": {
-            "display_name": ".env",
+            "display_name": "ezkl",
             "language": "python",
             "name": "python3"
         },
@@ -580,7 +592,7 @@
             "name": "python",
             "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
             "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-            "version": "3.12.9"
+            "version": "3.12.5"
         },
         "orig_nbformat": 4
     },

examples/notebooks/data_attest_hashed.ipynb

@@ -337,7 +337,6 @@
                 "w3 = Web3(HTTPProvider(RPC_URL))\n",
                 "\n",
                 "def test_on_chain_data(res):\n",
-                "    print(f'poseidon_hash: {res[\"processed_outputs\"][\"poseidon_hash\"]}')\n",
                 "    # Step 0: Convert the tensor to a flat list\n",
                 "    data = [int(ezkl.felt_to_big_endian(res['processed_outputs']['poseidon_hash'][0]), 0)]\n",
                 "\n",
@@ -357,9 +356,6 @@
                 "                arr.push(_numbers[i]);\n",
                 "            }\n",
                 "        }\n",
-                "        function getArr() public view returns (uint[] memory) {\n",
-                "            return arr;\n",
-                "        }\n",
                 "    }\n",
                 "    '''\n",
                 "\n",
@@ -386,30 +382,31 @@
                 "    contract = w3.eth.contract(address=tx_receipt['contractAddress'], abi=abi)\n",
                 "\n",
                 "    # Step 4: Interact with the contract\n",
-                "    calldata = contract.functions.getArr().build_transaction()['data'][2:]\n",
+                "    calldata = []\n",
+                "    for i, _ in enumerate(data):\n",
+                "        call = contract.functions.arr(i).build_transaction()\n",
+                "        calldata.append((call['data'][2:], 0))\n",
                 "\n",
                 "    # Prepare the calls_to_account object\n",
                 "    # If you were calling view functions across multiple contracts,\n",
                 "    # you would have multiple entries in the calls_to_account array,\n",
                 "    # one for each contract.\n",
-                "    decimals = [0] * len(data)\n",
-                "    call_to_account = {\n",
+                "    calls_to_account = [{\n",
                 "        'call_data': calldata,\n",
-                "        'decimals': decimals,\n",
                 "        'address': contract.address[2:], # remove the '0x' prefix\n",
-                "    }\n",
+                "    }]\n",
                 "\n",
-                "    print(f'call_to_account: {call_to_account}')\n",
+                "    print(f'calls_to_account: {calls_to_account}')\n",
                 "\n",
-                "    return call_to_account\n",
+                "    return calls_to_account\n",
                 "\n",
                 "# Now let's start the Anvil process. You don't need to do this if you are deploying to a non-local chain.\n",
                 "start_anvil()\n",
                 "\n",
                 "# Now let's call our function, passing in the same input tensor we used to export the model 2 cells above.\n",
-                "call_to_account = test_on_chain_data(res)\n",
+                "calls_to_account = test_on_chain_data(res)\n",
                 "\n",
-                "data = dict(input_data = [data_array], output_data =  {'rpc': RPC_URL, 'call': call_to_account })\n",
+                "data = dict(input_data = [data_array], output_data =  {'rpc': RPC_URL, 'calls': calls_to_account })\n",
                 "\n",
                 "# Serialize on-chain data into file:\n",
                 "json.dump(data, open(\"input.json\", 'w'))\n",
@@ -543,8 +540,8 @@
                 "\n",
                 "res = await ezkl.deploy_evm(\n",
                 "    addr_path_verifier,\n",
-                "    'http://127.0.0.1:3030',\n",
                 "    sol_code_path,\n",
+                "    'http://127.0.0.1:3030'\n",
                 ")\n",
                 "\n",
                 "assert res == True"
@@ -597,9 +594,9 @@
                 "res = await ezkl.deploy_da_evm(\n",
                 "        addr_path_da,\n",
                 "        input_path,\n",
-                "        RPC_URL,\n",
                 "        settings_path,\n",
                 "        sol_code_path,\n",
+                "        RPC_URL,\n",
                 "    )\n"
             ]
         },
@@ -628,8 +625,8 @@
                 "\n",
                 "res = await ezkl.verify_evm(\n",
                 "    addr,\n",
-                "    RPC_URL,\n",
                 "    proof_path,\n",
+                "    RPC_URL,\n",
                 "    addr_da,\n",
                 ")"
             ]
@@ -637,7 +634,7 @@
     ],
     "metadata": {
         "kernelspec": {
-            "display_name": ".env",
+            "display_name": "ezkl",
             "language": "python",
             "name": "python3"
         },
@@ -651,7 +648,7 @@
             "name": "python",
             "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
             "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-            "version": "3.12.9"
+            "version": "3.12.7"
         },
         "orig_nbformat": 4
     },

examples/notebooks/data_attest_kzg_vis.ipynb

@@ -276,21 +276,33 @@
                 "\n",
                 "- For file data sources, the raw floating point values that eventually get quantized, converted into field elements and stored in `witness.json` to be consumed by the circuit are stored. The output data contains the expected floating point values returned as outputs from running your vanilla pytorch model on the given inputs.\n",
                 "- For on chain data sources, the input_data field contains all the data necessary to read and format the on chain data into something digestable by EZKL (aka field elements :-D). \n",
-                "Here is what the schema for an on-chain data source graph input file should look like for a single call data source:\n",
+                "Here is what the schema for an on-chain data source graph input file should look like:\n",
                 "    \n",
                 "```json\n",
                 "{\n",
-                "    \"input_data\": {\n",
-                "        \"rpc\": \"http://localhost:3030\", // The rpc endpoint of the chain you are deploying your verifier to\n",
-                "        \"calls\": {\n",
-                "            \"call_data\": \"1f3be514000000000000000000000000c6962004f452be9203591991d15f6b388e09e8d00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000040000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000c000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000b000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000a0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000009000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000800000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000070000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000006000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000040000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000003000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000200000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000\", // The abi encoded call data to a view function that returns an array of on-chain data points we are attesting to. \n",
-                "            \"decimals\": 0, // The number of decimal places of the large uint256 value. This is our way of representing large wei values as floating points on chain, since the evm only natively supports integer values.\n",
-                "            \"address\": \"9A213F53334279C128C37DA962E5472eCD90554f\", // The address of the contract that we are calling to get the data. \n",
-                "            \"len\": 3 // The number of data points returned by the view function (the length of the array)\n",
-                "        }\n",
-                "    }\n",
-                "}\n",
-                "```"
+                "  \"input_data\": {\n",
+                "    \"rpc\": \"http://localhost:3030\", // The rpc endpoint of the chain you are deploying your verifier to\n",
+                "    \"calls\": [\n",
+                "      {\n",
+                "        \"call_data\": [\n",
+                "          [\n",
+                "            \"71e5ee5f0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000\", // The abi encoded call data to a view function that returns a single on-chain data point (we only support uint256 returns for now)\n",
+                "            7 // The number of decimal places of the large uint256 value. This is our way of representing large wei values as floating points on chain, since the evm only natively supports integer values.\n",
+                "          ],\n",
+                "          [\n",
+                "            \"71e5ee5f0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001\",\n",
+                "            5\n",
+                "          ],\n",
+                "          [\n",
+                "            \"71e5ee5f0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000002\",\n",
+                "            5\n",
+                "          ]\n",
+                "        ],\n",
+                "        \"address\": \"5fbdb2315678afecb367f032d93f642f64180aa3\" // The address of the contract that we are calling to get the data. \n",
+                "      }\n",
+                "    ]\n",
+                "  }\n",
+                "}"
             ]
         },
         {
@@ -299,7 +311,7 @@
             "metadata": {},
             "outputs": [],
             "source": [
-                "await ezkl.setup_test_evm_data(\n",
+                "await ezkl.setup_test_evm_witness(\n",
                 "    data_path,\n",
                 "    compiled_model_path,\n",
                 "    # we write the call data to the same file as the input data\n",
@@ -325,7 +337,7 @@
             "metadata": {},
             "outputs": [],
             "source": [
-                "res = await ezkl.get_srs( settings_path)"
+                "res = await ezkl.get_srs( settings_path)\n"
             ]
         },
         {
@@ -336,6 +348,27 @@
                 "We now need to generate the circuit witness. These are the model outputs (and any hashes) that are generated when feeding the previously generated `input.json` through the circuit / model. "
             ]
         },
+        {
+            "cell_type": "code",
+            "execution_count": null,
+            "metadata": {},
+            "outputs": [],
+            "source": [
+                "!export RUST_BACKTRACE=1\n",
+                "\n",
+                "witness_path = \"witness.json\"\n",
+                "\n",
+                "res = await ezkl.gen_witness(data_path, compiled_model_path, witness_path, vk_path)"
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            "attachments": {},
+            "cell_type": "markdown",
+            "metadata": {},
+            "source": [
+                "Here we setup verifying and proving keys for the circuit. As the name suggests the proving key is needed for ... proving and the verifying key is needed for ... verifying. "
+            ]
+        },
         {
             "cell_type": "code",
             "execution_count": null,
@@ -358,27 +391,6 @@
                 "assert os.path.isfile(settings_path)"
             ]
         },
-        {
-            "cell_type": "code",
-            "execution_count": null,
-            "metadata": {},
-            "outputs": [],
-            "source": [
-                "!export RUST_BACKTRACE=1\n",
-                "\n",
-                "witness_path = \"witness.json\"\n",
-                "\n",
-                "res = await ezkl.gen_witness(data_path, compiled_model_path, witness_path, vk_path)"
-            ]
-        },
-        {
-            "attachments": {},
-            "cell_type": "markdown",
-            "metadata": {},
-            "source": [
-                "Here we setup verifying and proving keys for the circuit. As the name suggests the proving key is needed for ... proving and the verifying key is needed for ... verifying. "
-            ]
-        },
         {
             "attachments": {},
             "cell_type": "markdown",
@@ -474,8 +486,8 @@
                 "\n",
                 "res = await ezkl.deploy_evm(\n",
                 "    addr_path_verifier,\n",
-                "    'http://127.0.0.1:3030',\n",
                 "    sol_code_path,\n",
+                "    'http://127.0.0.1:3030'\n",
                 ")\n",
                 "\n",
                 "assert res == True"
@@ -529,9 +541,9 @@
                 "res = await ezkl.deploy_da_evm(\n",
                 "        addr_path_da,\n",
                 "        input_path,\n",
-                "        RPC_URL,\n",
                 "        settings_path,\n",
                 "        sol_code_path,\n",
+                "        RPC_URL,\n",
                 "    )\n"
             ]
         },
@@ -560,8 +572,8 @@
                 "\n",
                 "res = await ezkl.verify_evm(\n",
                 "    addr,\n",
-                "    RPC_URL,\n",
                 "    proof_path,\n",
+                "    RPC_URL,\n",
                 "    addr_da,\n",
                 ")"
             ]
@@ -569,7 +581,7 @@
     ],
     "metadata": {
         "kernelspec": {
-            "display_name": ".env",
+            "display_name": "ezkl",
             "language": "python",
             "name": "python3"
         },
@@ -583,7 +595,7 @@
             "name": "python",
             "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
             "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-            "version": "3.11.5"
+            "version": "3.9.13"
         },
         "orig_nbformat": 4
     },

examples/notebooks/generalized_inverse.ipynb

@@ -77,7 +77,6 @@
       "outputs": [],
       "source": [
         "gip_run_args = ezkl.PyRunArgs()\n",
-        "gip_run_args.ignore_range_check_inputs_outputs = True\n",
         "gip_run_args.input_visibility = \"polycommit\"  # matrix and generalized inverse commitments\n",
         "gip_run_args.output_visibility = \"fixed\"   # no parameters used\n",
         "gip_run_args.param_visibility = \"fixed\" # should be Tensor(True)"
@@ -336,9 +335,9 @@
       "name": "python",
       "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
       "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-      "version": "3.9.13"
+      "version": "3.9.15"
     }
   },
   "nbformat": 4,
   "nbformat_minor": 5
-}
+}

examples/notebooks/hashed_vis.ipynb

@@ -453,8 +453,8 @@
                 "\n",
                 "res = await ezkl.deploy_evm(\n",
                 "    address_path,\n",
-                "    'http://127.0.0.1:3030',\n",
                 "    sol_code_path,\n",
+                "    'http://127.0.0.1:3030'\n",
                 ")\n",
                 "\n",
                 "assert res == True\n",
@@ -474,8 +474,8 @@
                 "\n",
                 "res = await ezkl.verify_evm(\n",
                 "    addr,\n",
-                "    \"http://127.0.0.1:3030\",\n",
                 "    proof_path,\n",
+                "    \"http://127.0.0.1:3030\"\n",
                 ")\n",
                 "assert res == True"
             ]
@@ -510,4 +510,4 @@
     },
     "nbformat": 4,
     "nbformat_minor": 2
-}
+}

examples/notebooks/kzg_vis.ipynb

@@ -462,8 +462,8 @@
                 "\n",
                 "res = await ezkl.deploy_evm(\n",
                 "    address_path,\n",
-                "    'http://127.0.0.1:3030',\n",
                 "    sol_code_path,\n",
+                "    'http://127.0.0.1:3030'\n",
                 ")\n",
                 "\n",
                 "assert res == True\n",
@@ -483,8 +483,8 @@
                 "\n",
                 "res = await ezkl.verify_evm(\n",
                 "    addr,\n",
-                "    \"http://127.0.0.1:3030\",\n",
                 "    proof_path,\n",
+                "    \"http://127.0.0.1:3030\"\n",
                 ")\n",
                 "assert res == True"
             ]
@@ -512,4 +512,4 @@
     },
     "nbformat": 4,
     "nbformat_minor": 2
-}
+}

examples/notebooks/mean_postgres.ipynb

@@ -0,0 +1,459 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "## Mean of ERC20 transfer amounts\n",
+    "\n",
+    "This notebook shows how to calculate the mean of ERC20 transfer amounts, pulling data in from a Postgres database. First we install and get the necessary libraries running. \n",
+    "The first of which is [shovel](https://indexsupply.com/shovel/docs/#getting-started), which is a library that allows us to pull data from the Ethereum blockchain into a Postgres database.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "Make sure you install postgres if needed https://indexsupply.com/shovel/docs/#getting-started. \n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "import os\n",
+    "import getpass\n",
+    "import json\n",
+    "import time\n",
+    "import subprocess\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# swap out for the relevant linux/amd64, darwin/arm64, darwin/amd64, windows/amd64\n",
+    "os.system(\"curl -LO https://indexsupply.net/bin/1.0/linux/amd64/shovel\")\n",
+    "os.system(\"chmod +x shovel\")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "os.environ[\"PG_URL\"] = \"postgres://\" + getpass.getuser() + \":@localhost:5432/shovel\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# create a config.json file with the following contents\n",
+    "config = {\n",
+    "  \"pg_url\": \"$PG_URL\",\n",
+    "  \"eth_sources\": [\n",
+    "    {\"name\": \"mainnet\", \"chain_id\": 1, \"url\": \"https://ethereum-rpc.publicnode.com\"},\n",
+    "    {\"name\": \"base\", \"chain_id\": 8453, \"url\": \"https://base-rpc.publicnode.com\"}\n",
+    "  ],\n",
+    "  \"integrations\": [{\n",
+    "    \"name\": \"usdc_transfer\",\n",
+    "    \"enabled\": True,\n",
+    "    \"sources\": [{\"name\": \"mainnet\"}, {\"name\": \"base\"}],\n",
+    "    \"table\": {\n",
+    "      \"name\": \"usdc\",\n",
+    "      \"columns\": [\n",
+    "        {\"name\": \"log_addr\",  \"type\": \"bytea\"},\n",
+    "        {\"name\": \"block_num\", \"type\": \"numeric\"},\n",
+    "        {\"name\": \"f\",         \"type\": \"bytea\"},\n",
+    "        {\"name\": \"t\",         \"type\": \"bytea\"},\n",
+    "        {\"name\": \"v\",         \"type\": \"numeric\"}\n",
+    "      ]\n",
+    "    },\n",
+    "    \"block\": [\n",
+    "      {\"name\": \"block_num\", \"column\": \"block_num\"},\n",
+    "      {\n",
+    "        \"name\": \"log_addr\",\n",
+    "        \"column\": \"log_addr\",\n",
+    "        \"filter_op\": \"contains\",\n",
+    "        \"filter_arg\": [\n",
+    "          \"a0b86991c6218b36c1d19d4a2e9eb0ce3606eb48\",\n",
+    "          \"833589fCD6eDb6E08f4c7C32D4f71b54bdA02913\"\n",
+    "        ]\n",
+    "      }\n",
+    "    ],\n",
+    "    \"event\": {\n",
+    "      \"name\": \"Transfer\",\n",
+    "      \"type\": \"event\",\n",
+    "      \"anonymous\": False,\n",
+    "      \"inputs\": [\n",
+    "        {\"indexed\": True,  \"name\": \"from\",  \"type\": \"address\", \"column\": \"f\"},\n",
+    "        {\"indexed\": True,  \"name\": \"to\",    \"type\": \"address\", \"column\": \"t\"},\n",
+    "        {\"indexed\": False, \"name\": \"value\", \"type\": \"uint256\", \"column\": \"v\"}\n",
+    "      ]\n",
+    "    }\n",
+    "  }]\n",
+    "}\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# write the config to a file\n",
+    "with open(\"config.json\", \"w\") as f:\n",
+    "  f.write(json.dumps(config))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# print the two env variables\n",
+    "os.system(\"echo $PG_URL\")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "os.system(\"createdb -h localhost -p 5432 shovel\")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "os.system(\"echo shovel is now installed. starting:\")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "command = [\"./shovel\", \"-config\", \"config.json\"]\n",
+    "proc = subprocess.Popen(command)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "os.system(\"echo shovel started.\")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "time.sleep(10)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# after we've fetched some data -- kill the process\n",
+    "proc.terminate()\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {
+    "id": "2wIAHwqH2_mo"
+   },
+   "source": [
+    "**Import Dependencies**"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {
+    "id": "9Byiv2Nc2MsK"
+   },
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# check if notebook is in colab\n",
+    "try:\n",
+    "    # install ezkl\n",
+    "    import google.colab\n",
+    "    import subprocess\n",
+    "    import sys\n",
+    "    subprocess.check_call([sys.executable, \"-m\", \"pip\", \"install\", \"ezkl\"])\n",
+    "    subprocess.check_call([sys.executable, \"-m\", \"pip\", \"install\", \"onnx\"])\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# rely on local installation of ezkl if the notebook is not in colab\n",
+    "except:\n",
+    "    pass\n",
+    "\n",
+    "import ezkl\n",
+    "import torch\n",
+    "import datetime\n",
+    "import pandas as pd\n",
+    "import requests\n",
+    "import json\n",
+    "import os\n",
+    "\n",
+    "import logging\n",
+    "# # uncomment for more descriptive logging \n",
+    "FORMAT = '%(levelname)s %(name)s %(asctime)-15s %(filename)s:%(lineno)d %(message)s'\n",
+    "logging.basicConfig(format=FORMAT)\n",
+    "logging.getLogger().setLevel(logging.DEBUG)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print(\"ezkl version: \", ezkl.__version__)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {
+    "id": "osjj-0Ta3E8O"
+   },
+   "source": [
+    "**Create Computational Graph**"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {
+    "colab": {
+     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
+    },
+    "id": "x1vl9ZXF3EEW",
+    "outputId": "bda21d02-fe5f-4fb2-8106-f51a8e2e67aa"
+   },
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "from torch import nn\n",
+    "import torch\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "class Model(nn.Module):\n",
+    "    def __init__(self):\n",
+    "        super(Model, self).__init__()\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    # x is a time series \n",
+    "    def forward(self, x):\n",
+    "        return [torch.mean(x)]\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "circuit = Model()\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "x = 0.1*torch.rand(1,*[1,5], requires_grad=True)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# # print(torch.__version__)\n",
+    "device = torch.device(\"cuda:0\" if torch.cuda.is_available() else \"cpu\")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print(device)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "circuit.to(device)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Flips the neural net into inference mode\n",
+    "circuit.eval()\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Export the model\n",
+    "torch.onnx.export(circuit,               # model being run\n",
+    "                      x,                   # model input (or a tuple for multiple inputs)\n",
+    "                      \"lol.onnx\",            # where to save the model (can be a file or file-like object)\n",
+    "                      export_params=True,        # store the trained parameter weights inside the model file\n",
+    "                      opset_version=11,          # the ONNX version to export the model to\n",
+    "                      do_constant_folding=True,  # whether to execute constant folding for optimization\n",
+    "                      input_names = ['input'],   # the model's input names\n",
+    "                      output_names = ['output'], # the model's output names\n",
+    "                      dynamic_axes={'input' : {0 : 'batch_size'},    # variable length axes\n",
+    "                                    'output' : {0 : 'batch_size'}})\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# export(circuit, input_shape=[1, 20])\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {
+    "id": "E3qCeX-X5xqd"
+   },
+   "source": [
+    "**Set Data Source and Get Data**"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {
+    "colab": {
+     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
+    },
+    "id": "6RAMplxk5xPk",
+    "outputId": "bd2158fe-0c00-44fd-e632-6a3f70cdb7c9"
+   },
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "import getpass\n",
+    "# make an input.json file from the df above\n",
+    "input_filename = os.path.join('input.json')\n",
+    "\n",
+    "pg_input_file = dict(input_data = {\n",
+    "  \"host\": \"localhost\",\n",
+    "  # make sure you replace this with your own username\n",
+    "  \"user\": getpass.getuser(),\n",
+    "  \"dbname\": \"shovel\",\n",
+    "  \"password\": \"\",\n",
+    "  \"query\": \"SELECT v FROM usdc ORDER BY block_num DESC LIMIT 5\",\n",
+    "  \"port\": \"5432\",\n",
+    "})\n",
+    "\n",
+    "json_formatted_str = json.dumps(pg_input_file, indent=2)\n",
+    "print(json_formatted_str)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    # Serialize data into file:\n",
+    "json.dump(pg_input_file, open(input_filename, 'w' ))\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# this corresponds to 4 batches\n",
+    "calibration_filename = os.path.join('calibration.json')\n",
+    "\n",
+    "pg_cal_file = dict(input_data = {\n",
+    "  \"host\": \"localhost\",\n",
+    "  # make sure you replace this with your own username\n",
+    "  \"user\": getpass.getuser(),\n",
+    "  \"dbname\": \"shovel\",\n",
+    "  \"password\": \"\",\n",
+    "  \"query\": \"SELECT v FROM usdc ORDER BY block_num DESC LIMIT 20\",\n",
+    "  \"port\": \"5432\",\n",
+    "})\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    # Serialize data into file:\n",
+    "json.dump( pg_cal_file, open(calibration_filename, 'w' ))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {
+    "id": "eLJ7oirQ_HQR"
+   },
+   "source": [
+    "**EZKL Workflow**"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {
+    "id": "rNw0C9QL6W88"
+   },
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "import subprocess\n",
+    "import os\n",
+    "\n",
+    "onnx_filename = os.path.join('lol.onnx')\n",
+    "compiled_filename = os.path.join('lol.compiled')\n",
+    "settings_filename = os.path.join('settings.json')\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Generate settings using ezkl\n",
+    "res = ezkl.gen_settings(onnx_filename, settings_filename)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "assert res == True\n",
+    "\n",
+    "res = await ezkl.calibrate_settings(input_filename, onnx_filename, settings_filename, \"resources\")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "assert res == True\n",
+    "\n",
+    "await ezkl.get_srs(settings_filename)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "ezkl.compile_circuit(onnx_filename, compiled_filename, settings_filename)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {
+    "colab": {
+     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
+    },
+    "id": "4MmE9SX66_Il",
+    "outputId": "16403639-66a4-4280-ac7f-6966b75de5a3"
+   },
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# generate settings\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# show the settings.json\n",
+    "with open(\"settings.json\") as f:\n",
+    "  data = json.load(f)\n",
+    "  json_formatted_str = json.dumps(data, indent=2)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "  print(json_formatted_str)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "assert os.path.exists(\"settings.json\")\n",
+    "assert os.path.exists(\"input.json\")\n",
+    "assert os.path.exists(\"lol.onnx\")"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {
+    "id": "fULvvnK7_CMb"
+   },
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "pk_path = os.path.join('test.pk')\n",
+    "vk_path = os.path.join('test.vk')\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# setup the proof\n",
+    "res = ezkl.setup(\n",
+    "        compiled_filename,\n",
+    "        vk_path,\n",
+    "        pk_path\n",
+    "    )\n",
+    "\n",
+    "assert res == True\n",
+    "assert os.path.isfile(vk_path)\n",
+    "assert os.path.isfile(pk_path)\n",
+    "assert os.path.isfile(settings_filename)\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "witness_path = \"witness.json\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# generate the witness\n",
+    "res = await ezkl.gen_witness(\n",
+    "        input_filename,\n",
+    "        compiled_filename,\n",
+    "        witness_path\n",
+    "    )\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {
+    "colab": {
+     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
+    },
+    "id": "Oog3j6Kd-Wed",
+    "outputId": "5839d0c1-5b43-476e-c2f8-6707de562260"
+   },
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# prove the zk circuit\n",
+    "# GENERATE A PROOF\n",
+    "proof_path = os.path.join('test.pf')\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "proof = ezkl.prove(\n",
+    "        witness_path,\n",
+    "        compiled_filename,\n",
+    "        pk_path,\n",
+    "        proof_path,\n",
+    "        \"single\"\n",
+    "    )\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print(\"proved\")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "assert os.path.isfile(proof_path)\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "colab": {
+   "provenance": []
+  },
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": ".env",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python3"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 3
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
+   "version": "3.12.7"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}

examples/notebooks/mnist_classifier.ipynb

@@ -504,8 +504,8 @@
         "\n",
         "res = await ezkl.deploy_evm(\n",
         "    address_path,\n",
-        "    'http://127.0.0.1:3030',\n",
         "    sol_code_path,\n",
+        "    'http://127.0.0.1:3030'\n",
         ")\n",
         "\n",
         "assert res == True\n",
@@ -527,8 +527,8 @@
         "\n",
         "res = await ezkl.verify_evm(\n",
         "    addr,\n",
-        "    \"http://127.0.0.1:3030\",\n",
-        "    proof_path\n",
+        "    proof_path,\n",
+        "    \"http://127.0.0.1:3030\"\n",
         ")\n",
         "assert res == True"
       ]
@@ -558,4 +558,4 @@
   },
   "nbformat": 4,
   "nbformat_minor": 0
-}
+}

examples/notebooks/random_forest.ipynb

@@ -152,11 +152,9 @@
             "metadata": {},
             "outputs": [],
             "source": [
-                "run_args = ezkl.PyRunArgs()\n",
-                "# logrows\n",
-                "run_args.logrows = 20\n",
-                "\n",
-                "res = ezkl.gen_settings(model_path, settings_path, py_run_args=run_args)\n",
+                "!RUST_LOG=trace\n",
+                "# TODO: Dictionary outputs\n",
+                "res = ezkl.gen_settings(model_path, settings_path)\n",
                 "assert res == True\n"
             ]
         },
@@ -304,7 +302,7 @@
             "name": "python",
             "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
             "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-            "version": "3.9.13"
+            "version": "3.12.2"
         }
     },
     "nbformat": 4,

examples/notebooks/reusable_verifier.ipynb

@@ -220,6 +220,15 @@
     "Check that the generated verifiers are identical for all models."
    ]
   },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "start_anvil()"
+   ]
+  },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": null,
@@ -261,8 +270,8 @@
     "\n",
     "res = await ezkl.deploy_evm(\n",
     "    addr_path_verifier,\n",
-    "    'http://127.0.0.1:3030',\n",
     "    sol_code_path,\n",
+    "    'http://127.0.0.1:3030',\n",
     "    \"verifier/reusable\"\n",
     ")\n",
     "\n",
@@ -288,7 +297,7 @@
     "for name in names:\n",
     "    addr_path_vk = \"addr_vk.txt\"\n",
     "    sol_key_code_path = os.path.join(name, 'test_key.sol')\n",
-    "    res = await ezkl.deploy_evm(addr_path_vk, 'http://127.0.0.1:3030', sol_key_code_path, \"vka\")\n",
+    "    res = await ezkl.deploy_evm(addr_path_vk, sol_key_code_path, 'http://127.0.0.1:3030', \"vka\")\n",
     "    assert res == True\n",
     "\n",
     "    with open(addr_path_vk, 'r') as file:\n",
@@ -298,8 +307,8 @@
     "    sol_code_path = os.path.join(name, 'vk.sol')\n",
     "    res = await ezkl.verify_evm(\n",
     "        addr,\n",
-    "        \"http://127.0.0.1:3030\",\n",
     "        proof_path,\n",
+    "        \"http://127.0.0.1:3030\",\n",
     "        addr_vk = addr_vk\n",
     "    )\n",
     "    assert res == True"

examples/notebooks/set_membership.ipynb

@@ -167,8 +167,6 @@
         "run_args = ezkl.PyRunArgs()\n",
         "# \"hashed/private\" means that the output of the hashing is not visible to the verifier and is instead fed into the computational graph\n",
         "run_args.input_visibility = \"hashed/private/0\"\n",
-        "# as the inputs are felts we turn off input range checks\n",
-        "run_args.ignore_range_check_inputs_outputs = True\n",
         "# we set it to fix the set we want to check membership for\n",
         "run_args.param_visibility = \"fixed\"\n",
         "# the output is public -- set membership fails if it is not = 0\n",
@@ -521,4 +519,4 @@
   },
   "nbformat": 4,
   "nbformat_minor": 5
-}
+}

examples/notebooks/solvency.ipynb

@@ -204,7 +204,6 @@
         "run_args = ezkl.PyRunArgs()\n",
         "# \"polycommit\" means that the output of the hashing is not visible to the verifier and is instead fed into the computational graph\n",
         "run_args.input_visibility = \"polycommit\"\n",
-        "run_args.ignore_range_check_inputs_outputs = True\n",
         "# the parameters are public\n",
         "run_args.param_visibility = \"fixed\"\n",
         "# the output is public (this is the inequality test)\n",
@@ -515,4 +514,4 @@
   },
   "nbformat": 4,
   "nbformat_minor": 5
-}
+}

examples/notebooks/univ3-da.ipynb

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
         },
         {
             "cell_type": "code",
-            "execution_count": 1,
+            "execution_count": 2,
             "metadata": {},
             "outputs": [],
             "source": [
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@
         },
         {
             "cell_type": "code",
-            "execution_count": 2,
+            "execution_count": 3,
             "metadata": {},
             "outputs": [],
             "source": [
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@
         },
         {
             "cell_type": "code",
-            "execution_count": 3,
+            "execution_count": 4,
             "metadata": {},
             "outputs": [],
             "source": [
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@
         },
         {
             "cell_type": "code",
-            "execution_count": 4,
+            "execution_count": 44,
             "metadata": {},
             "outputs": [],
             "source": [
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@
         },
         {
             "cell_type": "code",
-            "execution_count": 5,
+            "execution_count": 6,
             "metadata": {},
             "outputs": [],
             "source": [
@@ -201,7 +201,6 @@
                 "run_args.input_visibility = \"public\"\n",
                 "run_args.param_visibility = \"private\"\n",
                 "run_args.output_visibility = \"public\"\n",
-                "run_args.decomp_legs=5\n",
                 "run_args.num_inner_cols = 1\n",
                 "run_args.variables = [(\"batch_size\", 1)]"
             ]
@@ -270,7 +269,7 @@
                 "{\n",
                 "    \"input_data\": {\n",
                 "        \"rpc\": \"http://localhost:3030\", // The rpc endpoint of the chain you are deploying your verifier to\n",
-                "        \"call\": {\n",
+                "        \"calls\": {\n",
                 "            \"call_data\": \"1f3be514000000000000000000000000c6962004f452be9203591991d15f6b388e09e8d00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000040000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000c000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000b000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000a0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000009000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000800000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000070000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000006000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000040000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000003000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000200000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000\", // The abi encoded call data to a view function that returns an array of on-chain data points we are attesting to. \n",
                 "            \"decimals\": 0, // The number of decimal places of the large uint256 value. This is our way of representing large wei values as floating points on chain, since the evm only natively supports integer values.\n",
                 "            \"address\": \"9A213F53334279C128C37DA962E5472eCD90554f\", // The address of the contract that we are calling to get the data. \n",
@@ -295,6 +294,7 @@
                 "import torch\n",
                 "import requests\n",
                 "\n",
+                "# This function counts the decimal places of a floating point number\n",
                 "def count_decimal_places(num):\n",
                 "    num_str = str(num)\n",
                 "    if '.' in num_str:\n",
@@ -302,28 +302,69 @@
                 "    else:\n",
                 "        return 0\n",
                 "\n",
+                "# setup web3 instance\n",
                 "w3 = Web3(HTTPProvider(RPC_URL)) \n",
                 "\n",
+                "def set_next_block_timestamp(anvil_url, timestamp):\n",
+                "    # Send the JSON-RPC request to Anvil\n",
+                "    payload = {\n",
+                "        \"jsonrpc\": \"2.0\",\n",
+                "        \"id\": 1,\n",
+                "        \"method\": \"evm_setNextBlockTimestamp\",\n",
+                "        \"params\": [timestamp]\n",
+                "    }\n",
+                "    response = requests.post(anvil_url, json=payload)\n",
+                "    if response.status_code == 200:\n",
+                "        print(f\"Next block timestamp set to: {timestamp}\")\n",
+                "    else:\n",
+                "        print(f\"Failed to set next block timestamp: {response.text}\")\n",
+                "\n",
                 "def on_chain_data(tensor):\n",
+                "    # Step 0: Convert the tensor to a flat list\n",
                 "    data = tensor.view(-1).tolist()\n",
+                "\n",
+                "    # Step 1: Prepare the calldata\n",
                 "    secondsAgo = [len(data) - 1 - i for i in range(len(data))]\n",
                 "\n",
+                "    # Step 2: Prepare and compile the contract UniTickAttestor contract\n",
                 "    contract_source_code = '''\n",
                 "    // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n",
                 "    pragma solidity ^0.8.20;\n",
                 "\n",
+                "    /// @title Pool state that is not stored\n",
+                "    /// @notice Contains view functions to provide information about the pool that is computed rather than stored on the\n",
+                "    /// blockchain. The functions here may have variable gas costs.\n",
                 "    interface IUniswapV3PoolDerivedState {\n",
+                "        /// @notice Returns the cumulative tick and liquidity as of each timestamp `secondsAgo` from the current block timestamp\n",
+                "        /// @dev To get a time weighted average tick or liquidity-in-range, you must call this with two values, one representing\n",
+                "        /// the beginning of the period and another for the end of the period. E.g., to get the last hour time-weighted average tick,\n",
+                "        /// you must call it with secondsAgos = [3600, 0].\n",
+                "        /// log base sqrt(1.0001) of token1 / token0. The TickMath library can be used to go from a tick value to a ratio.\n",
+                "        /// @dev The time weighted average tick represents the geometric time weighted average price of the pool, in\n",
+                "        /// @param secondsAgos From how long ago each cumulative tick and liquidity value should be returned\n",
+                "        /// @return tickCumulatives Cumulative tick values as of each `secondsAgos` from the current block timestamp\n",
+                "        /// @return secondsPerLiquidityCumulativeX128s Cumulative seconds per liquidity-in-range value as of each `secondsAgos` from the current block\n",
+                "        /// timestamp\n",
                 "        function observe(\n",
                 "            uint32[] calldata secondsAgos\n",
-                "        ) external view returns (\n",
-                "            int56[] memory tickCumulatives,\n",
-                "            uint160[] memory secondsPerLiquidityCumulativeX128s\n",
-                "        );\n",
+                "        )\n",
+                "            external\n",
+                "            view\n",
+                "            returns (\n",
+                "                int56[] memory tickCumulatives,\n",
+                "                uint160[] memory secondsPerLiquidityCumulativeX128s\n",
+                "            );\n",
                 "    }\n",
                 "\n",
+                "    /// @title Uniswap Wrapper around `pool.observe` that stores the parameters for fetching and then attesting to historical data\n",
+                "    /// @notice Provides functions to integrate with V3 pool oracle\n",
                 "    contract UniTickAttestor {\n",
-                "        int256[] private cachedTicks;\n",
-                "\n",
+                "        /**\n",
+                "        * @notice Calculates time-weighted means of tick and liquidity for a given Uniswap V3 pool\n",
+                "        * @param pool Address of the pool that we want to observe\n",
+                "        * @param secondsAgo Number of seconds in the past from which to calculate the time-weighted means\n",
+                "        * @return tickCumulatives The cumulative tick values as of each `secondsAgo` from the current block timestamp\n",
+                "        */\n",
                 "        function consult(\n",
                 "            IUniswapV3PoolDerivedState pool,\n",
                 "            uint32[] memory secondsAgo\n",
@@ -334,21 +375,6 @@
                 "                tickCumulatives[i] = int256(_ticks[i]);\n",
                 "            }\n",
                 "        }\n",
-                "\n",
-                "        function cache_price(\n",
-                "            IUniswapV3PoolDerivedState pool,\n",
-                "            uint32[] memory secondsAgo\n",
-                "        ) public {\n",
-                "            (int56[] memory _ticks,) = pool.observe(secondsAgo);\n",
-                "            cachedTicks = new int256[](_ticks.length);\n",
-                "            for (uint256 i = 0; i < _ticks.length; i++) {\n",
-                "                cachedTicks[i] = int256(_ticks[i]);\n",
-                "            }\n",
-                "        }\n",
-                "\n",
-                "        function readPriceCache() public view returns (int256[] memory) {\n",
-                "            return cachedTicks;\n",
-                "        }\n",
                 "    }\n",
                 "    '''\n",
                 "\n",
@@ -358,44 +384,69 @@
                 "        \"settings\": {\"outputSelection\": {\"*\": {\"*\": [\"metadata\", \"evm.bytecode\", \"abi\"]}}}\n",
                 "    })\n",
                 "\n",
+                "    # Get bytecode\n",
                 "    bytecode = compiled_sol['contracts']['UniTickAttestor.sol']['UniTickAttestor']['evm']['bytecode']['object']\n",
+                "\n",
+                "    # Get ABI\n",
+                "    # In production if you are reading from really large contracts you can just use\n",
+                "    # a stripped down version of the ABI of the contract you are calling, containing only the view functions you will fetch data from.\n",
                 "    abi = json.loads(compiled_sol['contracts']['UniTickAttestor.sol']['UniTickAttestor']['metadata'])['output']['abi']\n",
                 "\n",
-                "    # Deploy contract\n",
+                "    # Step 3: Deploy the contract\n",
                 "    UniTickAttestor = w3.eth.contract(abi=abi, bytecode=bytecode)\n",
                 "    tx_hash = UniTickAttestor.constructor().transact()\n",
                 "    tx_receipt = w3.eth.wait_for_transaction_receipt(tx_hash)\n",
+                "    # If you are deploying to production you can skip the 3 lines of code above and just instantiate the contract like this,\n",
+                "    # passing the address and abi of the contract you are fetching data from.\n",
                 "    contract = w3.eth.contract(address=tx_receipt['contractAddress'], abi=abi)\n",
                 "\n",
-                "    # Step 4: Store data via cache_price transaction\n",
-                "    tx_hash = contract.functions.cache_price(\n",
+                "    # Step 4: Interact with the contract\n",
+                "    call = contract.functions.consult(\n",
+                "        # Address of the UniV3 usdc-weth pool 0.005 fee\n",
                 "        \"0xC6962004f452bE9203591991D15f6b388e09E8D0\",\n",
                 "        secondsAgo\n",
-                "    ).transact()\n",
-                "    tx_receipt = w3.eth.wait_for_transaction_receipt(tx_hash)\n",
-                "\n",
-                "    # Step 5: Prepare calldata for readPriceCache\n",
-                "    call = contract.functions.readPriceCache().build_transaction()\n",
+                "    ).build_transaction()\n",
+                "    result = contract.functions.consult(\n",
+                "        # Address of the UniV3 usdc-weth pool 0.005 fee\n",
+                "        \"0xC6962004f452bE9203591991D15f6b388e09E8D0\",\n",
+                "        secondsAgo\n",
+                "    ).call()\n",
+                "    \n",
+                "    print(f'result: {result}')\n",
                 "    calldata = call['data'][2:]\n",
                 "\n",
-                "    # Get stored data\n",
-                "    result = contract.functions.readPriceCache().call()\n",
-                "    print(f'Cached ticks: {result}')\n",
+                "    time_stamp = w3.eth.get_block('latest')['timestamp']\n",
                 "\n",
-                "    decimals = [0] * len(data)\n",
+                "    print(f'time_stamp: {time_stamp}')\n",
                 "\n",
+                "    # Set the next block timestamp using the fetched time_stamp\n",
+                "    set_next_block_timestamp(RPC_URL, time_stamp)\n",
+                "\n",
+                "\n",
+                "    # Prepare the calls_to_account object\n",
+                "    # If you were calling view functions across multiple contracts,\n",
+                "    # you would have multiple entries in the calls_to_account array,\n",
+                "    # one for each contract.\n",
                 "    call_to_account = {\n",
                 "        'call_data': calldata,\n",
-                "        'decimals': decimals,\n",
-                "        'address': contract.address[2:],\n",
+                "        'decimals': 0,\n",
+                "        'address': contract.address[2:], # remove the '0x' prefix\n",
+                "        'len': len(data),\n",
                 "    }\n",
                 "\n",
+                "    print(f'call_to_account: {call_to_account}')\n",
+                "\n",
                 "    return call_to_account\n",
                 "\n",
+                "# Now let's start the Anvil process. You don't need to do this if you are deploying to a non-local chain.\n",
                 "start_anvil()\n",
-                "call_to_account = on_chain_data(x)\n",
                 "\n",
-                "data = dict(input_data =  {'rpc': RPC_URL, 'call': call_to_account })\n",
+                "# Now let's call our function, passing in the same input tensor we used to export the model 2 cells above.\n",
+                "calls_to_account = on_chain_data(x)\n",
+                "\n",
+                "data = dict(input_data =  {'rpc': RPC_URL, 'calls': calls_to_account })\n",
+                "\n",
+                "# Serialize on-chain data into file:\n",
                 "json.dump(data, open(\"input.json\", 'w'))"
             ]
         },
@@ -562,8 +613,8 @@
                 "\n",
                 "res = await ezkl.deploy_evm(\n",
                 "    addr_path_verifier,\n",
-                "    'http://127.0.0.1:3030',\n",
                 "    sol_code_path,\n",
+                "    'http://127.0.0.1:3030'\n",
                 ")\n",
                 "\n",
                 "assert res == True"
@@ -616,9 +667,9 @@
                 "res = await ezkl.deploy_da_evm(\n",
                 "        addr_path_da,\n",
                 "        input_path,\n",
-                "        RPC_URL,\n",
                 "        settings_path,\n",
                 "        sol_code_path,\n",
+                "        RPC_URL,\n",
                 "    )\n"
             ]
         },
@@ -640,7 +691,34 @@
             "source": [
                 "# !export RUST_BACKTRACE=1\n",
                 "\n",
-                "# print(res)\n",
+                "calls_to_account = on_chain_data(x)\n",
+                "\n",
+                "data = dict(input_data =  {'rpc': RPC_URL, 'calls': calls_to_account })\n",
+                "\n",
+                "# Serialize on-chain data into file:\n",
+                "json.dump(data, open(\"input.json\", 'w'))\n",
+                "\n",
+                "# setup web3 instance\n",
+                "w3 = Web3(HTTPProvider(RPC_URL)) \n",
+                "\n",
+                "time_stamp = w3.eth.get_block('latest')['timestamp']\n",
+                "\n",
+                "print(f'time_stamp: {time_stamp}')\n",
+                "\n",
+                "\n",
+                "witness_path = \"witness.json\"\n",
+                "\n",
+                "res = await ezkl.gen_witness(data_path, compiled_model_path, witness_path)\n",
+                "\n",
+                "res = ezkl.prove(\n",
+                "        witness_path,\n",
+                "        compiled_model_path,\n",
+                "        pk_path,\n",
+                "        proof_path,\n",
+                "        \"single\",\n",
+                "    )\n",
+                "\n",
+                "print(res)\n",
                 "assert os.path.isfile(proof_path)\n",
                 "# read the verifier address\n",
                 "addr_verifier = None\n",
@@ -653,8 +731,8 @@
                 "\n",
                 "res = await ezkl.verify_evm(\n",
                 "    addr,\n",
-                "    RPC_URL,\n",
                 "    proof_path,\n",
+                "    RPC_URL,\n",
                 "    addr_da,\n",
                 ")"
             ]

examples/notebooks/variance.ipynb

@@ -666,7 +666,7 @@
     },
     {
       "cell_type": "code",
-      "execution_count": null,
+      "execution_count": 11,
       "metadata": {},
       "outputs": [
         {
@@ -689,8 +689,8 @@
         "# await\n",
         "res = await ezkl.deploy_evm(\n",
         "    address_path,\n",
-        "    'http://127.0.0.1:3030',\n",
         "    sol_code_path,\n",
+        "    'http://127.0.0.1:3030'\n",
         ")\n",
         "\n",
         "assert res == True\n",
@@ -701,7 +701,7 @@
     },
     {
       "cell_type": "code",
-      "execution_count": null,
+      "execution_count": 12,
       "metadata": {},
       "outputs": [
         {
@@ -722,8 +722,8 @@
         "\n",
         "res = await ezkl.verify_evm(\n",
         "    addr,\n",
-        "    \"http://127.0.0.1:3030\",\n",
         "    proof_path,\n",
+        "    \"http://127.0.0.1:3030\"\n",
         ")\n",
         "assert res == True"
       ]
@@ -743,8 +743,7 @@
       "provenance": []
     },
     "kernelspec": {
-      "display_name": ".env",
-      "language": "python",
+      "display_name": "Python 3",
       "name": "python3"
     },
     "language_info": {
@@ -757,7 +756,7 @@
       "name": "python",
       "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
       "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-      "version": "3.12.9"
+      "version": "3.12.2"
     }
   },
   "nbformat": 4,

examples/notebooks/voice_judge.ipynb

@@ -849,8 +849,8 @@
                 "\n",
                 "res = await ezkl.deploy_evm(\n",
                 "    address_path,\n",
-                "    'http://127.0.0.1:3030',\n",
                 "    sol_code_path,\n",
+                "    'http://127.0.0.1:3030'\n",
                 ")\n",
                 "\n",
                 "assert res == True\n",
@@ -870,8 +870,8 @@
                 "\n",
                 "res = await ezkl.verify_evm(\n",
                 "    addr,\n",
-                "    \"http://127.0.0.1:3030\",\n",
-                "    proof_path\n",
+                "    proof_path,\n",
+                "    \"http://127.0.0.1:3030\"\n",
                 ")\n",
                 "assert res == True"
             ]
@@ -905,4 +905,4 @@
     },
     "nbformat": 4,
     "nbformat_minor": 2
-}
+}

examples/notebooks/world_rotation.ipynb

@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
-    "ezkl.setup_test_evm_data(\n",
+    "ezkl.setup_test_evm_witness(\n",
     "    data_path,\n",
     "    compiled_model_path,\n",
     "    # we write the call data to the same file as the input data\n",
@@ -358,8 +358,8 @@
     "\n",
     "res = await ezkl.deploy_evm(\n",
     "    addr_path_verifier,\n",
-    "    'http://127.0.0.1:3030',\n",
     "    sol_code_path,\n",
+    "    'http://127.0.0.1:3030'\n",
     ")\n",
     "\n",
     "assert res == True"
@@ -374,6 +374,14 @@
     "\n"
    ]
   },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "id": "cc888848",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": []
+  },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": null,
@@ -405,9 +413,9 @@
     "res = await ezkl.deploy_da_evm(\n",
     "        addr_path_da,\n",
     "        input_path,\n",
-    "        RPC_URL,\n",
     "        settings_path,\n",
     "        sol_code_path,\n",
+    "        RPC_URL,\n",
     "    )"
    ]
   },
@@ -470,8 +478,8 @@
     "\n",
     "res = ezkl.verify_evm(\n",
     "    addr,\n",
-    "    RPC_URL,\n",
     "    proof_path,\n",
+    "    RPC_URL,\n",
     "    addr_da,\n",
     ")"
    ]
@@ -517,7 +525,7 @@
  ],
  "metadata": {
   "kernelspec": {
-   "display_name": ".env",
+   "display_name": "Python 3 (ipykernel)",
    "language": "python",
    "name": "python3"
   },
@@ -531,7 +539,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-   "version": "3.12.9"
+   "version": "3.12.2"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,

examples/onnx/1d_conv/input.json

@@ -1,106 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "input_data": [
-    [
-      8761,
-      7654,
-      8501,
-      2404,
-      6929,
-      8858,
-      5946,
-      3673,
-      4131,
-      3854,
-      8137,
-      8239,
-      9038,
-      6299,
-      1118,
-      9737,
-      208,
-      7954,
-      3691,
-      610,
-      3468,
-      3314,
-      8658,
-      8366,
-      2850,
-      477,
-      6114,
-      232,
-      4601,
-      7420,
-      5713,
-      2936,
-      6061,
-      2870,
-      8421,
-      177,
-      7107,
-      7382,
-      6115,
-      5487,
-      8502,
-      2559,
-      1875,
-      129,
-      8533,
-      8201,
-      8414,
-      4775,
-      9817,
-      3127,
-      8761,
-      7654,
-      8501,
-      2404,
-      6929,
-      8858,
-      5946,
-      3673,
-      4131,
-      3854,
-      8137,
-      8239,
-      9038,
-      6299,
-      1118,
-      9737,
-      208,
-      7954,
-      3691,
-      610,
-      3468,
-      3314,
-      8658,
-      8366,
-      2850,
-      477,
-      6114,
-      232,
-      4601,
-      7420,
-      5713,
-      2936,
-      6061,
-      2870,
-      8421,
-      177,
-      7107,
-      7382,
-      6115,
-      5487,
-      8502,
-      2559,
-      1875,
-      129,
-      8533,
-      8201,
-      8414,
-      4775,
-      9817,
-      3127
-    ]
-  ]
-}

examples/onnx/1l_div/settings.json

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-{"run_args":{"input_scale":7,"param_scale":7,"scale_rebase_multiplier":1,"lookup_range":[-32768,32768],"logrows":17,"num_inner_cols":2,"variables":[["batch_size",1]],"input_visibility":"Private","output_visibility":"Public","param_visibility":"Private","rebase_frac_zero_constants":false,"check_mode":"UNSAFE","commitment":"KZG","decomp_base":16384,"decomp_legs":2,"bounded_log_lookup":false,"ignore_range_check_inputs_outputs":false},"num_rows":54,"total_assignments":109,"total_const_size":4,"total_dynamic_col_size":0,"max_dynamic_input_len":0,"num_dynamic_lookups":0,"num_shuffles":0,"total_shuffle_col_size":0,"model_instance_shapes":[[1,1]],"model_output_scales":[7],"model_input_scales":[7],"module_sizes":{"polycommit":[],"poseidon":[0,[0]]},"required_lookups":[],"required_range_checks":[[-1,1],[0,16383]],"check_mode":"UNSAFE","version":"0.0.0","num_blinding_factors":null,"timestamp":1739396322131,"input_types":["F32"],"output_types":["F32"]}

examples/onnx/integer_div/gen.py

@@ -1,42 +0,0 @@
-from torch import nn
-import torch
-import json
-import numpy as np
-
-
-class MyModel(nn.Module):
-    def __init__(self):
-        super(MyModel, self).__init__()
-
-    def forward(self, x):          
-        return x // 3
-
-
-circuit = MyModel()
-
-x = torch.randint(0, 10, (1, 2, 2, 8)) 
-
-out = circuit(x)
-
-print(x)
-print(out)
-print(x/3)
-
-torch.onnx.export(circuit, x, "network.onnx",
-                  export_params=True,        # store the trained parameter weights inside the model file
-                  opset_version=17,          # the ONNX version to export the model to
-                  do_constant_folding=True,  # whether to execute constant folding for optimization
-                  input_names=['input'],   # the model's input names
-                  output_names=['output'],  # the model's output names
-                  dynamic_axes={'input': {0: 'batch_size'},  # variable length axes
-                                'output': {0: 'batch_size'}})
-
-
-d1 = ((x).detach().numpy()).reshape([-1]).tolist()
-
-data = dict(
-    input_data=[d1],
-)
-
-# Serialize data into file:
-json.dump(data, open("input.json", 'w'))

examples/onnx/integer_div/input.json

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-{"input_data": [[3, 4, 0, 9, 2, 6, 2, 5, 1, 5, 3, 5, 5, 7, 0, 2, 6, 1, 4, 4, 1, 9, 7, 7, 5, 8, 2, 0, 1, 5, 9, 8]]}

ezkl.pyi

@@ -706,9 +706,9 @@ def setup_aggregate(sample_snarks:typing.Sequence[str | os.PathLike | pathlib.Pa
     """
     ...
 
-def setup_test_evm_data(data_path:str | os.PathLike | pathlib.Path,compiled_circuit_path:str | os.PathLike | pathlib.Path,test_data:str | os.PathLike | pathlib.Path,input_source:PyTestDataSource,output_source:PyTestDataSource,rpc_url:typing.Optional[str]) -> typing.Any:
+def setup_test_evm_witness(data_path:str | os.PathLike | pathlib.Path,compiled_circuit_path:str | os.PathLike | pathlib.Path,test_data:str | os.PathLike | pathlib.Path,input_source:PyTestDataSource,output_source:PyTestDataSource,rpc_url:typing.Optional[str]) -> typing.Any:
     r"""
-    Setup test evm data
+    Setup test evm witness
     
     Arguments
     ---------

rust-toolchain

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 [toolchain]
-channel = "nightly-2025-02-17"
+channel = "nightly-2024-07-18"
 components = ["rustfmt", "clippy"]

src/bin/ezkl.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,7 @@
 // ignore file if compiling for wasm
-
-#[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
-use mimalloc::MiMalloc;
-
 #[global_allocator]
 #[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
-static GLOBAL: MiMalloc = MiMalloc;
+static GLOBAL: mimalloc::MiMalloc = mimalloc::MiMalloc;
 
 #[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
 use clap::{CommandFactory, Parser};
@@ -28,8 +24,6 @@ use std::env;
 #[tokio::main(flavor = "current_thread")]
 #[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
 pub async fn main() {
-    use log::debug;
-
     let args = Cli::parse();
 
     if let Some(generator) = args.generator {
@@ -44,7 +38,7 @@ pub async fn main() {
         } else {
             info!("Running with CPU");
         }
-        debug!(
+        info!(
             "command: \n {}",
             &command.as_json().to_colored_json_auto().unwrap()
         );

src/bindings/python.rs

@@ -1,34 +1,35 @@
-use crate::Commitments;
-use crate::RunArgs;
-use crate::circuit::CheckMode;
-use crate::circuit::InputType;
-use crate::circuit::modules::Module;
 use crate::circuit::modules::polycommit::PolyCommitChip;
 use crate::circuit::modules::poseidon::{
+    spec::{PoseidonSpec, POSEIDON_RATE, POSEIDON_WIDTH},
     PoseidonChip,
-    spec::{POSEIDON_RATE, POSEIDON_WIDTH, PoseidonSpec},
 };
+use crate::circuit::modules::Module;
+use crate::circuit::InputType;
+use crate::circuit::{CheckMode, Tolerance};
 use crate::commands::*;
-use crate::fieldutils::{IntegerRep, felt_to_integer_rep, integer_rep_to_felt};
+use crate::fieldutils::{felt_to_integer_rep, integer_rep_to_felt, IntegerRep};
+use crate::graph::modules::POSEIDON_LEN_GRAPH;
 use crate::graph::TestDataSource;
 use crate::graph::{
-    GraphCircuit, GraphSettings, Model, Visibility, quantize_float, scale_to_multiplier,
+    quantize_float, scale_to_multiplier, GraphCircuit, GraphSettings, Model, Visibility,
 };
 use crate::pfsys::evm::aggregation_kzg::AggregationCircuit;
 use crate::pfsys::{
-    ProofType, TranscriptType, load_pk, load_vk, save_params, save_vk,
-    srs::gen_srs as ezkl_gen_srs, srs::load_srs_prover,
+    load_pk, load_vk, save_params, save_vk, srs::gen_srs as ezkl_gen_srs, srs::load_srs_prover,
+    ProofType, TranscriptType,
 };
+use crate::Commitments;
+use crate::RunArgs;
 use halo2_proofs::poly::ipa::commitment::IPACommitmentScheme;
 use halo2_proofs::poly::kzg::commitment::KZGCommitmentScheme;
-use halo2curves::bn256::{Bn256, Fq, Fr, G1, G1Affine};
+use halo2curves::bn256::{Bn256, Fq, Fr, G1Affine, G1};
 use pyo3::exceptions::{PyIOError, PyRuntimeError};
 use pyo3::prelude::*;
 use pyo3::wrap_pyfunction;
 use pyo3_log;
 use pyo3_stub_gen::{
-    TypeInfo, define_stub_info_gatherer, derive::gen_stub_pyclass, derive::gen_stub_pyclass_enum,
-    derive::gen_stub_pyfunction,
+    define_stub_info_gatherer, derive::gen_stub_pyclass, derive::gen_stub_pyclass_enum,
+    derive::gen_stub_pyfunction, TypeInfo,
 };
 use snark_verifier::util::arithmetic::PrimeField;
 use std::collections::HashSet;
@@ -155,6 +156,9 @@ impl pyo3::ToPyObject for PyG1Affine {
 #[derive(Clone)]
 #[gen_stub_pyclass]
 struct PyRunArgs {
+    #[pyo3(get, set)]
+    /// float: The tolerance for error on model outputs
+    pub tolerance: f32,
     #[pyo3(get, set)]
     /// int: The denominator in the fixed point representation used when quantizing inputs
     pub input_scale: crate::Scale,
@@ -203,12 +207,6 @@ struct PyRunArgs {
     /// bool: Should the circuit use unbounded lookups for log
     #[pyo3(get, set)]
     pub bounded_log_lookup: bool,
-    /// bool: Should the circuit use range checks for inputs and outputs (set to false if the input is a felt)
-    #[pyo3(get, set)]
-    pub ignore_range_check_inputs_outputs: bool,
-    /// float: epsilon used for arguments that use division
-    #[pyo3(get, set)]
-    pub epsilon: f64,
 }
 
 /// default instantiation of PyRunArgs
@@ -225,6 +223,7 @@ impl From<PyRunArgs> for RunArgs {
     fn from(py_run_args: PyRunArgs) -> Self {
         RunArgs {
             bounded_log_lookup: py_run_args.bounded_log_lookup,
+            tolerance: Tolerance::from(py_run_args.tolerance),
             input_scale: py_run_args.input_scale,
             param_scale: py_run_args.param_scale,
             num_inner_cols: py_run_args.num_inner_cols,
@@ -240,17 +239,15 @@ impl From<PyRunArgs> for RunArgs {
             commitment: Some(py_run_args.commitment.into()),
             decomp_base: py_run_args.decomp_base,
             decomp_legs: py_run_args.decomp_legs,
-            ignore_range_check_inputs_outputs: py_run_args.ignore_range_check_inputs_outputs,
-            epsilon: Some(py_run_args.epsilon),
         }
     }
 }
 
 impl Into<PyRunArgs> for RunArgs {
     fn into(self) -> PyRunArgs {
-        let eps = self.get_epsilon();
         PyRunArgs {
             bounded_log_lookup: self.bounded_log_lookup,
+            tolerance: self.tolerance.val,
             input_scale: self.input_scale,
             param_scale: self.param_scale,
             num_inner_cols: self.num_inner_cols,
@@ -266,8 +263,6 @@ impl Into<PyRunArgs> for RunArgs {
             commitment: self.commitment.into(),
             decomp_base: self.decomp_base,
             decomp_legs: self.decomp_legs,
-            ignore_range_check_inputs_outputs: self.ignore_range_check_inputs_outputs,
-            epsilon: eps,
         }
     }
 }
@@ -338,8 +333,6 @@ enum PyInputType {
     Int,
     ///
     TDim,
-    ///
-    Unknown,
 }
 
 impl From<InputType> for PyInputType {
@@ -351,7 +344,6 @@ impl From<InputType> for PyInputType {
             InputType::F64 => PyInputType::F64,
             InputType::Int => PyInputType::Int,
             InputType::TDim => PyInputType::TDim,
-            InputType::Unknown => PyInputType::Unknown,
         }
     }
 }
@@ -365,7 +357,6 @@ impl From<PyInputType> for InputType {
             PyInputType::F64 => InputType::F64,
             PyInputType::Int => InputType::Int,
             PyInputType::TDim => InputType::TDim,
-            PyInputType::Unknown => InputType::Unknown,
         }
     }
 }
@@ -380,7 +371,6 @@ impl FromStr for PyInputType {
             "f64" => Ok(PyInputType::F64),
             "int" => Ok(PyInputType::Int),
             "tdim" => Ok(PyInputType::TDim),
-            "unknown" => Ok(PyInputType::Unknown),
             _ => Err("Invalid value for InputType".to_string()),
         }
     }
@@ -583,7 +573,10 @@ fn poseidon_hash(message: Vec<PyFelt>) -> PyResult<Vec<PyFelt>> {
         .map(crate::pfsys::string_to_field::<Fr>)
         .collect::<Vec<_>>();
 
-    let output = PoseidonChip::<PoseidonSpec, POSEIDON_WIDTH, POSEIDON_RATE>::run(message.clone())
+    let output =
+        PoseidonChip::<PoseidonSpec, POSEIDON_WIDTH, POSEIDON_RATE, POSEIDON_LEN_GRAPH>::run(
+            message.clone(),
+        )
         .map_err(|_| PyIOError::new_err("Failed to run poseidon"))?;
 
     let hash = output[0]
@@ -598,7 +591,7 @@ fn poseidon_hash(message: Vec<PyFelt>) -> PyResult<Vec<PyFelt>> {
 /// Arguments
 /// -------
 /// message: list[str]
-///     List of field elements represented as strings
+///     List of field elements represnted as strings
 ///
 /// vk_path: str
 ///     Path to the verification key
@@ -657,7 +650,7 @@ fn kzg_commit(
 /// Arguments
 /// -------
 /// message: list[str]
-///     List of field elements represented as strings
+///     List of field elements represnted as strings
 ///
 /// vk_path: str
 ///     Path to the verification key
@@ -968,8 +961,6 @@ fn gen_settings(
     output=PathBuf::from(DEFAULT_SETTINGS),
     variables=Vec::from([("batch_size".to_string(), 1)]),
     seed=DEFAULT_SEED.parse().unwrap(),
-    min=None,
-    max=None
 ))]
 #[gen_stub_pyfunction]
 fn gen_random_data(
@@ -977,10 +968,8 @@ fn gen_random_data(
     output: PathBuf,
     variables: Vec<(String, usize)>,
     seed: u64,
-    min: Option<f32>,
-    max: Option<f32>,
 ) -> Result<bool, PyErr> {
-    crate::execute::gen_random_data(model, output, variables, seed, min, max).map_err(|e| {
+    crate::execute::gen_random_data(model, output, variables, seed).map_err(|e| {
         let err_str = format!("Failed to generate settings: {}", e);
         PyRuntimeError::new_err(err_str)
     })?;
@@ -1019,7 +1008,7 @@ fn gen_random_data(
 /// bool
 ///
 #[pyfunction(signature = (
-    data = String::from(DEFAULT_CALIBRATION_FILE),
+    data = PathBuf::from(DEFAULT_CALIBRATION_FILE),
     model = PathBuf::from(DEFAULT_MODEL),
     settings = PathBuf::from(DEFAULT_SETTINGS),
     target = CalibrationTarget::default(), // default is "resources
@@ -1031,7 +1020,7 @@ fn gen_random_data(
 #[gen_stub_pyfunction]
 fn calibrate_settings(
     py: Python,
-    data: String,
+    data: PathBuf,
     model: PathBuf,
     settings: PathBuf,
     target: CalibrationTarget,
@@ -1086,7 +1075,7 @@ fn calibrate_settings(
 ///     Python object containing the witness values
 ///
 #[pyfunction(signature = (
-    data=String::from(DEFAULT_DATA),
+    data=PathBuf::from(DEFAULT_DATA),
     model=PathBuf::from(DEFAULT_COMPILED_CIRCUIT),
     output=PathBuf::from(DEFAULT_WITNESS),
     vk_path=None,
@@ -1095,7 +1084,7 @@ fn calibrate_settings(
 #[gen_stub_pyfunction]
 fn gen_witness(
     py: Python,
-    data: String,
+    data: PathBuf,
     model: PathBuf,
     output: Option<PathBuf>,
     vk_path: Option<PathBuf>,
@@ -1764,7 +1753,7 @@ fn create_evm_vka(
 /// bool
 ///
 #[pyfunction(signature = (
-    input_data=String::from(DEFAULT_DATA),
+    input_data=PathBuf::from(DEFAULT_DATA),
     settings_path=PathBuf::from(DEFAULT_SETTINGS),
     sol_code_path=PathBuf::from(DEFAULT_SOL_CODE_DA),
     abi_path=PathBuf::from(DEFAULT_VERIFIER_DA_ABI),
@@ -1773,7 +1762,7 @@ fn create_evm_vka(
 #[gen_stub_pyfunction]
 fn create_evm_data_attestation(
     py: Python,
-    input_data: String,
+    input_data: PathBuf,
     settings_path: PathBuf,
     sol_code_path: PathBuf,
     abi_path: PathBuf,
@@ -1829,20 +1818,20 @@ fn create_evm_data_attestation(
     test_data,
     input_source,
     output_source,
-    rpc_url,
+    rpc_url=None,
 ))]
 #[gen_stub_pyfunction]
-fn setup_test_evm_data(
+fn setup_test_evm_witness(
     py: Python,
-    data_path: String,
+    data_path: PathBuf,
     compiled_circuit_path: PathBuf,
     test_data: PathBuf,
     input_source: PyTestDataSource,
     output_source: PyTestDataSource,
-    rpc_url: String,
+    rpc_url: Option<String>,
 ) -> PyResult<Bound<'_, PyAny>> {
     pyo3_async_runtimes::tokio::future_into_py(py, async move {
-        crate::execute::setup_test_evm_data(
+        crate::execute::setup_test_evm_witness(
             data_path,
             compiled_circuit_path,
             test_data,
@@ -1852,7 +1841,7 @@ fn setup_test_evm_data(
         )
         .await
         .map_err(|e| {
-            let err_str = format!("Failed to run setup_test_evm_data: {}", e);
+            let err_str = format!("Failed to run setup_test_evm_witness: {}", e);
             PyRuntimeError::new_err(err_str)
         })?;
 
@@ -1863,8 +1852,8 @@ fn setup_test_evm_data(
 /// deploys the solidity verifier
 #[pyfunction(signature = (
     addr_path,
-    rpc_url,
     sol_code_path=PathBuf::from(DEFAULT_SOL_CODE),
+    rpc_url=None,
     contract_type=ContractType::default(),
     optimizer_runs=DEFAULT_OPTIMIZER_RUNS.parse().unwrap(),
     private_key=None,
@@ -1873,8 +1862,8 @@ fn setup_test_evm_data(
 fn deploy_evm(
     py: Python,
     addr_path: PathBuf,
-    rpc_url: String,
     sol_code_path: PathBuf,
+    rpc_url: Option<String>,
     contract_type: ContractType,
     optimizer_runs: usize,
     private_key: Option<String>,
@@ -1902,9 +1891,9 @@ fn deploy_evm(
 #[pyfunction(signature = (
     addr_path,
     input_data,
-    rpc_url,
     settings_path=PathBuf::from(DEFAULT_SETTINGS),
     sol_code_path=PathBuf::from(DEFAULT_SOL_CODE_DA),
+    rpc_url=None,
     optimizer_runs=DEFAULT_OPTIMIZER_RUNS.parse().unwrap(),
     private_key=None
 ))]
@@ -1912,10 +1901,10 @@ fn deploy_evm(
 fn deploy_da_evm(
     py: Python,
     addr_path: PathBuf,
-    input_data: String,
-    rpc_url: String,
+    input_data: PathBuf,
     settings_path: PathBuf,
     sol_code_path: PathBuf,
+    rpc_url: Option<String>,
     optimizer_runs: usize,
     private_key: Option<String>,
 ) -> PyResult<Bound<'_, PyAny>> {
@@ -1955,15 +1944,15 @@ fn deploy_da_evm(
 ///     does the verifier use data attestation ?
 ///
 /// addr_vk: str
-///     The address of the separate VK contract (if the verifier key is rendered as a separate contract)
+///     The addess of the separate VK contract (if the verifier key is rendered as a separate contract)
 /// Returns
 /// -------
 /// bool
 ///
 #[pyfunction(signature = (
     addr_verifier,
-    rpc_url,
     proof_path=PathBuf::from(DEFAULT_PROOF),
+    rpc_url=None,
     addr_da = None,
     addr_vk = None,
 ))]
@@ -1971,8 +1960,8 @@ fn deploy_da_evm(
 fn verify_evm<'a>(
     py: Python<'a>,
     addr_verifier: &'a str,
-    rpc_url: String,
     proof_path: PathBuf,
+    rpc_url: Option<String>,
     addr_da: Option<&'a str>,
     addr_vk: Option<&'a str>,
 ) -> PyResult<Bound<'a, PyAny>> {
@@ -2117,7 +2106,7 @@ fn ezkl(m: &Bound<'_, PyModule>) -> PyResult<()> {
     m.add_function(wrap_pyfunction!(deploy_evm, m)?)?;
     m.add_function(wrap_pyfunction!(deploy_da_evm, m)?)?;
     m.add_function(wrap_pyfunction!(verify_evm, m)?)?;
-    m.add_function(wrap_pyfunction!(setup_test_evm_data, m)?)?;
+    m.add_function(wrap_pyfunction!(setup_test_evm_witness, m)?)?;
     m.add_function(wrap_pyfunction!(create_evm_verifier_aggr, m)?)?;
     m.add_function(wrap_pyfunction!(create_evm_data_attestation, m)?)?;
     m.add_function(wrap_pyfunction!(encode_evm_calldata, m)?)?;

src/bindings/wasm.rs

@@ -8,7 +8,10 @@ use crate::{
         Module,
     },
     fieldutils::{felt_to_integer_rep, integer_rep_to_felt},
-    graph::{quantize_float, scale_to_multiplier, GraphCircuit, GraphSettings},
+    graph::{
+        modules::POSEIDON_LEN_GRAPH, quantize_float, scale_to_multiplier, GraphCircuit,
+        GraphSettings,
+    },
 };
 use console_error_panic_hook;
 use halo2_proofs::{
@@ -228,7 +231,10 @@ pub fn poseidonHash(
     let message: Vec<Fr> = serde_json::from_slice(&message[..])
         .map_err(|e| JsError::new(&format!("Failed to deserialize message: {}", e)))?;
 
-    let output = PoseidonChip::<PoseidonSpec, POSEIDON_WIDTH, POSEIDON_RATE>::run(message.clone())
+    let output =
+        PoseidonChip::<PoseidonSpec, POSEIDON_WIDTH, POSEIDON_RATE, POSEIDON_LEN_GRAPH>::run(
+            message.clone(),
+        )
         .map_err(|e| JsError::new(&format!("{}", e)))?;
 
     Ok(wasm_bindgen::Clamped(serde_json::to_vec(&output).map_err(

src/circuit/modules/polycommit.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
 An easy-to-use implementation of the Poseidon Hash in the form of a Halo2 Chip. While the Poseidon Hash function
 is already implemented in halo2_gadgets, there is no wrapper chip that makes it easy to use in other circuits.
-Thanks to https://github.com/summa-dev/summa-solvency/blob/master/zk_prover/src/chips/poseidon/hash.rs for the inspiration (and also helping us understand how to use this).
+Thanks to https://github.com/summa-dev/summa-solvency/blob/master/src/chips/poseidon/hash.rs for the inspiration (and also helping us understand how to use this).
 */
 
 use std::collections::HashMap;

src/circuit/modules/poseidon.rs

@@ -1,18 +1,20 @@
 /*
 An easy-to-use implementation of the Poseidon Hash in the form of a Halo2 Chip. While the Poseidon Hash function
 is already implemented in halo2_gadgets, there is no wrapper chip that makes it easy to use in other circuits.
-Thanks to https://github.com/summa-dev/summa-solvency/blob/master/zk_prover/src/chips/poseidon/hash.rs for the inspiration (and also helping us understand how to use this).
+Thanks to https://github.com/summa-dev/summa-solvency/blob/master/src/chips/poseidon/hash.rs for the inspiration (and also helping us understand how to use this).
 */
 
 pub mod poseidon_params;
 pub mod spec;
 
 // This chip adds a set of advice columns to the gadget Chip to store the inputs of the hash
-use halo2_gadgets::poseidon::{
-    primitives::VariableLength, primitives::*, Hash, Pow5Chip, Pow5Config,
-};
+use halo2_gadgets::poseidon::{primitives::*, Hash, Pow5Chip, Pow5Config};
+use halo2_proofs::arithmetic::Field;
 use halo2_proofs::halo2curves::bn256::Fr as Fp;
 use halo2_proofs::{circuit::*, plonk::*};
+// use maybe_rayon::prelude::{IndexedParallelIterator, IntoParallelRefIterator};
+use maybe_rayon::prelude::ParallelIterator;
+use maybe_rayon::slice::ParallelSlice;
 
 use std::marker::PhantomData;
 
@@ -38,17 +40,22 @@ pub struct PoseidonConfig<const WIDTH: usize, const RATE: usize> {
     pub pow5_config: Pow5Config<Fp, WIDTH, RATE>,
 }
 
-type InputAssignments = Vec<AssignedCell<Fp, Fp>>;
+type InputAssignments = (Vec<AssignedCell<Fp, Fp>>, AssignedCell<Fp, Fp>);
 
 /// PoseidonChip is a wrapper around the Pow5Chip that adds a set of advice columns to the gadget Chip to store the inputs of the hash
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
-pub struct PoseidonChip<S: Spec<Fp, WIDTH, RATE> + Sync, const WIDTH: usize, const RATE: usize> {
+pub struct PoseidonChip<
+    S: Spec<Fp, WIDTH, RATE> + Sync,
+    const WIDTH: usize,
+    const RATE: usize,
+    const L: usize,
+> {
     config: PoseidonConfig<WIDTH, RATE>,
     _marker: PhantomData<S>,
 }
 
-impl<S: Spec<Fp, WIDTH, RATE> + Sync, const WIDTH: usize, const RATE: usize>
-    PoseidonChip<S, WIDTH, RATE>
+impl<S: Spec<Fp, WIDTH, RATE> + Sync, const WIDTH: usize, const RATE: usize, const L: usize>
+    PoseidonChip<S, WIDTH, RATE, L>
 {
     /// Creates a new PoseidonChip
     pub fn configure_with_cols(
@@ -75,8 +82,8 @@ impl<S: Spec<Fp, WIDTH, RATE> + Sync, const WIDTH: usize, const RATE: usize>
     }
 }
 
-impl<S: Spec<Fp, WIDTH, RATE> + Sync, const WIDTH: usize, const RATE: usize>
-    PoseidonChip<S, WIDTH, RATE>
+impl<S: Spec<Fp, WIDTH, RATE> + Sync, const WIDTH: usize, const RATE: usize, const L: usize>
+    PoseidonChip<S, WIDTH, RATE, L>
 {
     /// Configuration of the PoseidonChip
     pub fn configure_with_optional_instance(
@@ -106,8 +113,8 @@ impl<S: Spec<Fp, WIDTH, RATE> + Sync, const WIDTH: usize, const RATE: usize>
     }
 }
 
-impl<S: Spec<Fp, WIDTH, RATE> + Sync, const WIDTH: usize, const RATE: usize> Module<Fp>
-    for PoseidonChip<S, WIDTH, RATE>
+impl<S: Spec<Fp, WIDTH, RATE> + Sync, const WIDTH: usize, const RATE: usize, const L: usize>
+    Module<Fp> for PoseidonChip<S, WIDTH, RATE, L>
 {
     type Config = PoseidonConfig<WIDTH, RATE>;
     type InputAssignments = InputAssignments;
@@ -163,10 +170,7 @@ impl<S: Spec<Fp, WIDTH, RATE> + Sync, const WIDTH: usize, const RATE: usize> Mod
         message: &[ValTensor<Fp>],
         constants: &mut ConstantsMap<Fp>,
     ) -> Result<Self::InputAssignments, ModuleError> {
-        if message.len() != 1 {
-            return Err(ModuleError::InputWrongLength(message.len()));
-        }
-
+        assert_eq!(message.len(), 1);
         let message = message[0].clone();
 
         let start_time = instant::Instant::now();
@@ -176,81 +180,95 @@ impl<S: Spec<Fp, WIDTH, RATE> + Sync, const WIDTH: usize, const RATE: usize> Mod
         let res = layouter.assign_region(
             || "load message",
             |mut region| {
-                let assigned_message: Result<Vec<AssignedCell<Fp, Fp>>, _> = match &message {
-                    ValTensor::Value { inner: v, .. } => v
-                        .iter()
-                        .enumerate()
-                        .map(|(i, value)| {
-                            let x = i % WIDTH;
-                            let y = i / WIDTH;
+                let assigned_message: Result<Vec<AssignedCell<Fp, Fp>>, ModuleError> =
+                    match &message {
+                        ValTensor::Value { inner: v, .. } => {
+                            v.iter()
+                                .enumerate()
+                                .map(|(i, value)| {
+                                    let x = i % WIDTH;
+                                    let y = i / WIDTH;
 
-                            match value {
-                                ValType::Value(v) => region
-                                    .assign_advice(
-                                        || format!("load message_{}", i),
+                                    match value {
+                                        ValType::Value(v) => region
+                                            .assign_advice(
+                                                || format!("load message_{}", i),
+                                                self.config.hash_inputs[x],
+                                                y,
+                                                || *v,
+                                            )
+                                            .map_err(|e| e.into()),
+                                        ValType::PrevAssigned(v)
+                                        | ValType::AssignedConstant(v, ..) => Ok(v.clone()),
+                                        ValType::Constant(f) => {
+                                            if local_constants.contains_key(f) {
+                                                Ok(constants
+                                                    .get(f)
+                                                    .unwrap()
+                                                    .assigned_cell()
+                                                    .ok_or(ModuleError::ConstantNotAssigned)?)
+                                            } else {
+                                                let res = region.assign_advice_from_constant(
+                                                    || format!("load message_{}", i),
+                                                    self.config.hash_inputs[x],
+                                                    y,
+                                                    *f,
+                                                )?;
+
+                                                constants.insert(
+                                                    *f,
+                                                    ValType::AssignedConstant(res.clone(), *f),
+                                                );
+
+                                                Ok(res)
+                                            }
+                                        }
+                                        e => Err(ModuleError::WrongInputType(
+                                            format!("{:?}", e),
+                                            "PrevAssigned".to_string(),
+                                        )),
+                                    }
+                                })
+                                .collect()
+                        }
+                        ValTensor::Instance {
+                            dims,
+                            inner: col,
+                            idx,
+                            initial_offset,
+                            ..
+                        } => {
+                            // this should never ever fail
+                            let num_elems = dims[*idx].iter().product::<usize>();
+                            (0..num_elems)
+                                .map(|i| {
+                                    let x = i % WIDTH;
+                                    let y = i / WIDTH;
+                                    region.assign_advice_from_instance(
+                                        || "pub input anchor",
+                                        *col,
+                                        initial_offset + i,
                                         self.config.hash_inputs[x],
                                         y,
-                                        || *v,
                                     )
-                                    .map_err(|e| e.into()),
-                                ValType::PrevAssigned(v) | ValType::AssignedConstant(v, ..) => {
-                                    Ok(v.clone())
-                                }
-                                ValType::Constant(f) => {
-                                    if local_constants.contains_key(f) {
-                                        Ok(constants
-                                            .get(f)
-                                            .unwrap()
-                                            .assigned_cell()
-                                            .ok_or(ModuleError::ConstantNotAssigned)?)
-                                    } else {
-                                        let res = region.assign_advice_from_constant(
-                                            || format!("load message_{}", i),
-                                            self.config.hash_inputs[x],
-                                            y,
-                                            *f,
-                                        )?;
+                                })
+                                .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()
+                                .map_err(|e| e.into())
+                        }
+                    };
 
-                                        constants
-                                            .insert(*f, ValType::AssignedConstant(res.clone(), *f));
+                let offset = message.len() / WIDTH + 1;
 
-                                        Ok(res)
-                                    }
-                                }
-                                e => Err(ModuleError::WrongInputType(
-                                    format!("{:?}", e),
-                                    "AssignedValue".to_string(),
-                                )),
-                            }
-                        })
-                        .collect(),
-                    ValTensor::Instance {
-                        dims,
-                        inner: col,
-                        idx,
-                        initial_offset,
-                        ..
-                    } => {
-                        // this should never ever fail
-                        let num_elems = dims[*idx].iter().product::<usize>();
-                        (0..num_elems)
-                            .map(|i| {
-                                let x = i % WIDTH;
-                                let y = i / WIDTH;
-                                region.assign_advice_from_instance(
-                                    || "pub input anchor",
-                                    *col,
-                                    initial_offset + i,
-                                    self.config.hash_inputs[x],
-                                    y,
-                                )
-                            })
-                            .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()
-                            .map_err(|e| e.into())
-                    }
-                };
+                let zero_val = region
+                    .assign_advice_from_constant(
+                        || "",
+                        self.config.hash_inputs[0],
+                        offset,
+                        Fp::ZERO,
+                    )
+                    .unwrap();
 
-                Ok(assigned_message?)
+                Ok((assigned_message?, zero_val))
             },
         );
         log::trace!(
@@ -271,13 +289,7 @@ impl<S: Spec<Fp, WIDTH, RATE> + Sync, const WIDTH: usize, const RATE: usize> Mod
         row_offset: usize,
         constants: &mut ConstantsMap<Fp>,
     ) -> Result<ValTensor<Fp>, ModuleError> {
-        let input_cells = self.layout_inputs(layouter, input, constants)?;
-
-        // empty hash case
-        if input_cells.is_empty() {
-            return Ok(input[0].clone());
-        }
-
+        let (mut input_cells, zero_val) = self.layout_inputs(layouter, input, constants)?;
         // extract the values from the input cells
         let mut assigned_input: Tensor<ValType<Fp>> =
             input_cells.iter().map(|e| ValType::from(e.clone())).into();
@@ -285,25 +297,52 @@ impl<S: Spec<Fp, WIDTH, RATE> + Sync, const WIDTH: usize, const RATE: usize> Mod
 
         let start_time = instant::Instant::now();
 
-        let pow5_chip = Pow5Chip::construct(self.config.pow5_config.clone());
-        // initialize the hasher
-        let hasher = Hash::<_, _, S, VariableLength, WIDTH, RATE>::init(
-            pow5_chip,
-            layouter.namespace(|| "block_hasher"),
-        )?;
+        let mut one_iter = false;
+        // do the Tree dance baby
+        while input_cells.len() > 1 || !one_iter {
+            let hashes: Result<Vec<AssignedCell<Fp, Fp>>, ModuleError> = input_cells
+                .chunks(L)
+                .enumerate()
+                .map(|(i, block)| {
+                    let _start_time = instant::Instant::now();
 
-        let hash: AssignedCell<Fp, Fp> = hasher.hash(
-            layouter.namespace(|| "hash"),
-            input_cells
-                .to_vec()
-                .try_into()
-                .map_err(|_| Error::Synthesis)?,
-        )?;
+                    let mut block = block.to_vec();
+                    let remainder = block.len() % L;
+
+                    if remainder != 0 {
+                        block.extend(vec![zero_val.clone(); L - remainder]);
+                    }
+
+                    let pow5_chip = Pow5Chip::construct(self.config.pow5_config.clone());
+                    // initialize the hasher
+                    let hasher = Hash::<_, _, S, ConstantLength<L>, WIDTH, RATE>::init(
+                        pow5_chip,
+                        layouter.namespace(|| "block_hasher"),
+                    )?;
+
+                    let hash = hasher.hash(
+                        layouter.namespace(|| "hash"),
+                        block.to_vec().try_into().map_err(|_| Error::Synthesis)?,
+                    );
+
+                    if i == 0 {
+                        log::trace!("block (L={:?}) took: {:?}", L, _start_time.elapsed());
+                    }
+
+                    hash
+                })
+                .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()
+                .map_err(|e| e.into());
+
+            log::trace!("hashes (N={:?}) took: {:?}", len, start_time.elapsed());
+            one_iter = true;
+            input_cells = hashes?;
+        }
 
         let duration = start_time.elapsed();
         log::trace!("layout (N={:?}) took: {:?}", len, duration);
 
-        let result = Tensor::from(vec![ValType::from(hash.clone())].into_iter());
+        let result = Tensor::from(input_cells.iter().map(|e| ValType::from(e.clone())));
 
         let output = match result[0].clone() {
             ValType::PrevAssigned(v) => v,
@@ -342,59 +381,69 @@ impl<S: Spec<Fp, WIDTH, RATE> + Sync, const WIDTH: usize, const RATE: usize> Mod
 
     ///
     fn run(message: Vec<Fp>) -> Result<Vec<Vec<Fp>>, ModuleError> {
-        let len = message.len();
-        if len == 0 {
-            return Ok(vec![vec![]]);
-        }
+        let mut hash_inputs = message;
+
+        let len = hash_inputs.len();
 
         let start_time = instant::Instant::now();
 
-        let hash = halo2_gadgets::poseidon::primitives::Hash::<
-            _,
-            S,
-            VariableLength,
-            { WIDTH },
-            { RATE },
-        >::init()
-        .hash(message);
+        let mut one_iter = false;
+        // do the Tree dance baby
+        while hash_inputs.len() > 1 || !one_iter {
+            let hashes: Vec<Fp> = hash_inputs
+                .par_chunks(L)
+                .map(|block| {
+                    let mut block = block.to_vec();
+                    let remainder = block.len() % L;
+
+                    if remainder != 0 {
+                        block.extend(vec![Fp::ZERO; L - remainder].iter());
+                    }
+
+                    let block_len = block.len();
+
+                    let message = block
+                        .try_into()
+                        .map_err(|_| ModuleError::InputWrongLength(block_len))?;
+
+                    Ok(halo2_gadgets::poseidon::primitives::Hash::<
+                        _,
+                        S,
+                        ConstantLength<L>,
+                        { WIDTH },
+                        { RATE },
+                    >::init()
+                    .hash(message))
+                })
+                .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, ModuleError>>()?;
+            one_iter = true;
+            hash_inputs = hashes;
+        }
 
         let duration = start_time.elapsed();
         log::trace!("run (N={:?}) took: {:?}", len, duration);
 
-        Ok(vec![vec![hash]])
+        Ok(vec![hash_inputs])
     }
 
-    fn num_rows(input_len: usize) -> usize {
+    fn num_rows(mut input_len: usize) -> usize {
         // this was determined by running the circuit and looking at the number of constraints
         // in the test called hash_for_a_range_of_input_sizes, then regressing in python to find the slope
-        // import numpy as np
-        // from scipy import stats
+        let fixed_cost: usize = 41 * L;
 
-        // x = np.array([32, 64, 96, 128, 160, 192])
-        // y = np.array([1298, 2594, 3890, 5186, 6482, 7778])
+        let mut num_rows = 0;
 
-        // slope, intercept, r_value, p_value, std_err = stats.linregress(x, y)
+        loop {
+            // the number of times the input_len is divisible by L
+            let num_chunks = input_len / L + 1;
+            num_rows += num_chunks * fixed_cost;
+            if num_chunks == 1 {
+                break;
+            }
+            input_len = num_chunks;
+        }
 
-        // print(f"slope: {slope}")
-        // print(f"intercept: {intercept}")
-        // print(f"R^2: {r_value**2}")
-
-        // # Predict for any x
-        // def predict(x):
-        // return slope * x + intercept
-
-        // # Test prediction
-        // test_x = 256
-        // print(f"Predicted value for x={test_x}: {predict(test_x)}")
-        // our output:
-        // slope: 40.5
-        // intercept: 2.0
-        // R^2: 1.0
-        // Predicted value for x=256: 10370.0
-        let fixed_cost: usize = 41 * input_len;
-
-        // the cost of the hash function is linear with the number of inputs
-        fixed_cost + 2
+        num_rows
     }
 }
 
@@ -421,12 +470,12 @@ mod tests {
     const RATE: usize = POSEIDON_RATE;
     const R: usize = 240;
 
-    struct HashCircuit<S: Spec<Fp, WIDTH, RATE>> {
+    struct HashCircuit<S: Spec<Fp, WIDTH, RATE>, const L: usize> {
         message: ValTensor<Fp>,
         _spec: PhantomData<S>,
     }
 
-    impl<S: Spec<Fp, WIDTH, RATE>> Circuit<Fp> for HashCircuit<S> {
+    impl<S: Spec<Fp, WIDTH, RATE>, const L: usize> Circuit<Fp> for HashCircuit<S, L> {
         type Config = PoseidonConfig<WIDTH, RATE>;
         type FloorPlanner = ModulePlanner;
         type Params = ();
@@ -442,7 +491,7 @@ mod tests {
         }
 
         fn configure(meta: &mut ConstraintSystem<Fp>) -> PoseidonConfig<WIDTH, RATE> {
-            PoseidonChip::<PoseidonSpec, WIDTH, RATE>::configure(meta, ())
+            PoseidonChip::<PoseidonSpec, WIDTH, RATE, L>::configure(meta, ())
         }
 
         fn synthesize(
@@ -450,7 +499,7 @@ mod tests {
             config: PoseidonConfig<WIDTH, RATE>,
             mut layouter: impl Layouter<Fp>,
         ) -> Result<(), Error> {
-            let chip: PoseidonChip<PoseidonSpec, WIDTH, RATE> = PoseidonChip::new(config);
+            let chip: PoseidonChip<PoseidonSpec, WIDTH, RATE, L> = PoseidonChip::new(config);
             chip.layout(
                 &mut layouter,
                 &[self.message.clone()],
@@ -462,33 +511,18 @@ mod tests {
         }
     }
 
-    #[test]
-    fn poseidon_hash_empty() {
-        let message = [];
-        let output = PoseidonChip::<PoseidonSpec, WIDTH, RATE>::run(message.to_vec()).unwrap();
-        let mut message: Tensor<ValType<Fp>> =
-            message.into_iter().map(|m| Value::known(m).into()).into();
-        let k = 9;
-        let circuit = HashCircuit::<PoseidonSpec> {
-            message: message.into(),
-            _spec: PhantomData,
-        };
-        let prover = halo2_proofs::dev::MockProver::run(k, &circuit, vec![vec![]]).unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(prover.verify(), Ok(()))
-    }
-
     #[test]
     fn poseidon_hash() {
         let rng = rand::rngs::OsRng;
 
         let message = [Fp::random(rng), Fp::random(rng)];
-        let output = PoseidonChip::<PoseidonSpec, WIDTH, RATE>::run(message.to_vec()).unwrap();
+        let output = PoseidonChip::<PoseidonSpec, WIDTH, RATE, 2>::run(message.to_vec()).unwrap();
 
         let mut message: Tensor<ValType<Fp>> =
             message.into_iter().map(|m| Value::known(m).into()).into();
 
         let k = 9;
-        let circuit = HashCircuit::<PoseidonSpec> {
+        let circuit = HashCircuit::<PoseidonSpec, 2> {
             message: message.into(),
             _spec: PhantomData,
         };
@@ -501,13 +535,13 @@ mod tests {
         let rng = rand::rngs::OsRng;
 
         let message = [Fp::random(rng), Fp::random(rng), Fp::random(rng)];
-        let output = PoseidonChip::<PoseidonSpec, WIDTH, RATE>::run(message.to_vec()).unwrap();
+        let output = PoseidonChip::<PoseidonSpec, WIDTH, RATE, 3>::run(message.to_vec()).unwrap();
 
         let mut message: Tensor<ValType<Fp>> =
             message.into_iter().map(|m| Value::known(m).into()).into();
 
         let k = 9;
-        let circuit = HashCircuit::<PoseidonSpec> {
+        let circuit = HashCircuit::<PoseidonSpec, 3> {
             message: message.into(),
             _spec: PhantomData,
         };
@@ -523,21 +557,23 @@ mod tests {
         #[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
         env_logger::init();
 
-        for i in (32..128).step_by(32) {
+        {
+            let i = 32;
             // print a bunch of new lines
-            log::info!(
+            println!(
                 "i is {} -------------------------------------------------",
                 i
             );
 
             let message: Vec<Fp> = (0..i).map(|_| Fp::random(rng)).collect::<Vec<_>>();
-            let output = PoseidonChip::<PoseidonSpec, WIDTH, RATE>::run(message.clone()).unwrap();
+            let output =
+                PoseidonChip::<PoseidonSpec, WIDTH, RATE, 32>::run(message.clone()).unwrap();
 
             let mut message: Tensor<ValType<Fp>> =
                 message.into_iter().map(|m| Value::known(m).into()).into();
 
             let k = 17;
-            let circuit = HashCircuit::<PoseidonSpec> {
+            let circuit = HashCircuit::<PoseidonSpec, 32> {
                 message: message.into(),
                 _spec: PhantomData,
             };
@@ -554,13 +590,13 @@ mod tests {
 
         let mut message: Vec<Fp> = (0..2048).map(|_| Fp::random(rng)).collect::<Vec<_>>();
 
-        let output = PoseidonChip::<PoseidonSpec, WIDTH, RATE>::run(message.clone()).unwrap();
+        let output = PoseidonChip::<PoseidonSpec, WIDTH, RATE, 25>::run(message.clone()).unwrap();
 
         let mut message: Tensor<ValType<Fp>> =
             message.into_iter().map(|m| Value::known(m).into()).into();
 
         let k = 17;
-        let circuit = HashCircuit::<PoseidonSpec> {
+        let circuit = HashCircuit::<PoseidonSpec, 25> {
             message: message.into(),
             _spec: PhantomData,
         };

src/circuit/ops/base.rs

@@ -17,14 +17,12 @@ pub enum BaseOp {
     Sub,
     SumInit,
     Sum,
+    IsBoolean,
 }
 
 /// Matches a [BaseOp] to an operation over inputs
 impl BaseOp {
-    /// forward func for non-accumulating operations
-    /// # Panics
-    /// Panics if called on an accumulating operation
-    /// # Examples
+    /// forward func
     pub fn nonaccum_f<
         T: TensorType + Add<Output = T> + Sub<Output = T> + Mul<Output = T> + Neg<Output = T>,
     >(
@@ -36,13 +34,12 @@ impl BaseOp {
             BaseOp::Add => a + b,
             BaseOp::Sub => a - b,
             BaseOp::Mult => a * b,
+            BaseOp::IsBoolean => b,
             _ => panic!("nonaccum_f called on accumulating operation"),
         }
     }
 
-    /// forward func for accumulating operations
-    /// # Panics
-    /// Panics if called on a non-accumulating operation
+    /// forward func
     pub fn accum_f<
         T: TensorType + Add<Output = T> + Sub<Output = T> + Mul<Output = T> + Neg<Output = T>,
     >(
@@ -77,6 +74,7 @@ impl BaseOp {
             BaseOp::Mult => "MULT",
             BaseOp::Sum => "SUM",
             BaseOp::SumInit => "SUMINIT",
+            BaseOp::IsBoolean => "ISBOOLEAN",
         }
     }
 
@@ -92,6 +90,7 @@ impl BaseOp {
             BaseOp::Mult => (0, 1),
             BaseOp::Sum => (-1, 2),
             BaseOp::SumInit => (0, 1),
+            BaseOp::IsBoolean => (0, 1),
         }
     }
 
@@ -107,6 +106,7 @@ impl BaseOp {
             BaseOp::Mult => 2,
             BaseOp::Sum => 1,
             BaseOp::SumInit => 1,
+            BaseOp::IsBoolean => 0,
         }
     }
 
@@ -122,6 +122,7 @@ impl BaseOp {
             BaseOp::SumInit => 0,
             BaseOp::CumProd => 1,
             BaseOp::CumProdInit => 0,
+            BaseOp::IsBoolean => 0,
         }
     }
 }

src/circuit/ops/chip.rs

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use std::str::FromStr;
 
 use halo2_proofs::{
     circuit::Layouter,
-    plonk::{ConstraintSystem, Constraints, Expression, Selector, TableColumn},
+    plonk::{ConstraintSystem, Constraints, Expression, Selector},
     poly::Rotation,
 };
 use log::debug;
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ use crate::{
     circuit::{
         ops::base::BaseOp,
         table::{Range, RangeCheck, Table},
+        utils,
     },
     tensor::{Tensor, TensorType, ValTensor, VarTensor},
 };
@@ -84,6 +85,55 @@ impl CheckMode {
     }
 }
 
+#[allow(missing_docs)]
+/// An enum representing the tolerance we can accept for the accumulated arguments, either absolute or percentage
+#[derive(Clone, Default, Debug, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Serialize, Deserialize, Copy)]
+pub struct Tolerance {
+    pub val: f32,
+    pub scale: utils::F32,
+}
+
+impl std::fmt::Display for Tolerance {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "{:.2}", self.val)
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
+impl ToFlags for Tolerance {
+    /// Convert the struct to a subcommand string
+    fn to_flags(&self) -> Vec<String> {
+        vec![format!("{}", self)]
+    }
+}
+
+impl FromStr for Tolerance {
+    type Err = String;
+
+    fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<Self, Self::Err> {
+        if let Ok(val) = s.parse::<f32>() {
+            Ok(Tolerance {
+                val,
+                scale: utils::F32(1.0),
+            })
+        } else {
+            Err(
+                "Invalid tolerance value provided. It should expressed as a percentage (f32)."
+                    .to_string(),
+            )
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<f32> for Tolerance {
+    fn from(value: f32) -> Self {
+        Tolerance {
+            val: value,
+            scale: utils::F32(1.0),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 #[cfg(feature = "python-bindings")]
 /// Converts CheckMode into a PyObject (Required for CheckMode to be compatible with Python)
 impl IntoPy<PyObject> for CheckMode {
@@ -108,6 +158,29 @@ impl<'source> FromPyObject<'source> for CheckMode {
     }
 }
 
+#[cfg(feature = "python-bindings")]
+/// Converts Tolerance into a PyObject (Required for Tolerance to be compatible with Python)
+impl IntoPy<PyObject> for Tolerance {
+    fn into_py(self, py: Python) -> PyObject {
+        (self.val, self.scale.0).to_object(py)
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(feature = "python-bindings")]
+/// Obtains Tolerance from PyObject (Required for Tolerance to be compatible with Python)
+impl<'source> FromPyObject<'source> for Tolerance {
+    fn extract_bound(ob: &pyo3::Bound<'source, pyo3::PyAny>) -> PyResult<Self> {
+        if let Ok((val, scale)) = <(f32, f32)>::extract_bound(ob) {
+            Ok(Tolerance {
+                val,
+                scale: utils::F32(scale),
+            })
+        } else {
+            Err(PyValueError::new_err("Invalid tolerance value provided. "))
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 /// A struct representing the selectors for the dynamic lookup tables
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, Default)]
 pub struct DynamicLookups {
@@ -268,8 +341,6 @@ pub struct BaseConfig<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd> {
     /// Activate sanity checks
     pub check_mode: CheckMode,
     _marker: PhantomData<F>,
-    /// shared table inputs
-    pub shared_table_inputs: Vec<TableColumn>,
 }
 
 impl<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash> BaseConfig<F> {
@@ -282,7 +353,6 @@ impl<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash> BaseConfig<F> {
             shuffles: Shuffles::dummy(col_size, num_inner_cols),
             range_checks: RangeChecks::dummy(col_size, num_inner_cols),
             check_mode: CheckMode::SAFE,
-            shared_table_inputs: vec![],
             _marker: PhantomData,
         }
     }
@@ -321,6 +391,7 @@ impl<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash> BaseConfig<F> {
                 nonaccum_selectors.insert((BaseOp::Add, i, j), meta.selector());
                 nonaccum_selectors.insert((BaseOp::Sub, i, j), meta.selector());
                 nonaccum_selectors.insert((BaseOp::Mult, i, j), meta.selector());
+                nonaccum_selectors.insert((BaseOp::IsBoolean, i, j), meta.selector());
             }
         }
 
@@ -354,13 +425,24 @@ impl<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash> BaseConfig<F> {
                 // Get output expressions for each input channel
                 let (rotation_offset, rng) = base_op.query_offset_rng();
 
-                let constraints = {
-                    let expected_output: Tensor<Expression<F>> = output
-                        .query_rng(meta, *block_idx, *inner_col_idx, rotation_offset, rng)
-                        .expect("non accum: output query failed");
+                let constraints = match base_op {
+                    BaseOp::IsBoolean => {
+                        let expected_output: Tensor<Expression<F>> = output
+                            .query_rng(meta, *block_idx, *inner_col_idx, 0, 1)
+                            .expect("non accum: output query failed");
 
-                    let res = base_op.nonaccum_f((qis[0].clone(), qis[1].clone()));
-                    vec![expected_output[base_op.constraint_idx()].clone() - res]
+                        let output = expected_output[base_op.constraint_idx()].clone();
+
+                        vec![(output.clone()) * (output.clone() - Expression::Constant(F::from(1)))]
+                    }
+                    _ => {
+                        let expected_output: Tensor<Expression<F>> = output
+                            .query_rng(meta, *block_idx, *inner_col_idx, rotation_offset, rng)
+                            .expect("non accum: output query failed");
+
+                        let res = base_op.nonaccum_f((qis[0].clone(), qis[1].clone()));
+                        vec![expected_output[base_op.constraint_idx()].clone() - res]
+                    }
                 };
 
                 Constraints::with_selector(selector, constraints)
@@ -415,7 +497,6 @@ impl<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash> BaseConfig<F> {
             dynamic_lookups: DynamicLookups::default(),
             shuffles: Shuffles::default(),
             range_checks: RangeChecks::default(),
-            shared_table_inputs: vec![],
             check_mode,
             _marker: PhantomData,
         }
@@ -446,9 +527,21 @@ impl<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash> BaseConfig<F> {
             return Err(CircuitError::WrongColumnType(output.name().to_string()));
         }
 
+        // we borrow mutably twice so we need to do this dance
+
         let table = if !self.static_lookups.tables.contains_key(nl) {
-            let table =
-                Table::<F>::configure(cs, lookup_range, logrows, nl, &mut self.shared_table_inputs);
+            // as all tables have the same input we see if there's another table who's input we can reuse
+            let table = if let Some(table) = self.static_lookups.tables.values().next() {
+                Table::<F>::configure(
+                    cs,
+                    lookup_range,
+                    logrows,
+                    nl,
+                    Some(table.table_inputs.clone()),
+                )
+            } else {
+                Table::<F>::configure(cs, lookup_range, logrows, nl, None)
+            };
             self.static_lookups.tables.insert(nl.clone(), table.clone());
             table
         } else {
@@ -807,6 +900,7 @@ impl<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash> BaseConfig<F> {
         let range_check = if let std::collections::btree_map::Entry::Vacant(e) =
             self.range_checks.ranges.entry(range)
         {
+            // as all tables have the same input we see if there's another table who's input we can reuse
             let range_check = RangeCheck::<F>::configure(cs, range, logrows);
             e.insert(range_check.clone());
             range_check

src/circuit/ops/errors.rs

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ pub enum CircuitError {
     /// This operation is unsupported
     #[error("unsupported operation in graph")]
     UnsupportedOp,
-    /// Invalid einsum expression
+    ///
     #[error("invalid einsum expression")]
     InvalidEinsum,
     /// Flush error
@@ -103,10 +103,4 @@ pub enum CircuitError {
     #[error("an element is missing from the shuffled version of the tensor")]
     /// An element is missing from the shuffled version of the tensor
     MissingShuffleElement,
-    /// Visibility has not been set
-    #[error("visibility has not been set")]
-    UnsetVisibility,
-    /// A decomposition base overflowed
-    #[error("decomposition base overflowed")]
-    DecompositionBaseOverflow,
 }

src/circuit/ops/hybrid.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 use super::*;
 use crate::{
-    circuit::{layouts, utils},
-    fieldutils::{IntegerRep, integer_rep_to_felt},
+    circuit::{layouts, utils, Tolerance},
+    fieldutils::{integer_rep_to_felt, IntegerRep},
     graph::multiplier_to_scale,
-    tensor::{self, DataFormat, Tensor, TensorType, ValTensor},
+    tensor::{self, Tensor, TensorType, ValTensor},
 };
 use halo2curves::ff::PrimeField;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
@@ -15,12 +15,10 @@ use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 pub enum HybridOp {
     Ln {
         scale: utils::F32,
-        eps: f64,
     },
     Rsqrt {
         input_scale: utils::F32,
         output_scale: utils::F32,
-        eps: f64,
     },
     Sqrt {
         scale: utils::F32,
@@ -44,7 +42,6 @@ pub enum HybridOp {
     Recip {
         input_scale: utils::F32,
         output_scale: utils::F32,
-        eps: f64,
     },
     Div {
         denom: utils::F32,
@@ -60,13 +57,11 @@ pub enum HybridOp {
         stride: Vec<usize>,
         kernel_shape: Vec<usize>,
         normalized: bool,
-        data_format: DataFormat,
     },
     MaxPool {
         padding: Vec<(usize, usize)>,
         stride: Vec<usize>,
         pool_dims: Vec<usize>,
-        data_format: DataFormat,
     },
     ReduceMin {
         axes: Vec<usize>,
@@ -80,11 +75,8 @@ pub enum HybridOp {
         input_scale: utils::F32,
         output_scale: utils::F32,
         axes: Vec<usize>,
-        eps: f64,
-    },
-    Output {
-        decomp: bool,
     },
+    RangeCheck(Tolerance),
     Greater,
     GreaterEqual,
     Less,
@@ -132,13 +124,12 @@ impl<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash> Op<F> for Hybrid
             HybridOp::Rsqrt {
                 input_scale,
                 output_scale,
-                eps,
             } => format!(
-                "RSQRT (input_scale={}, output_scale={}, eps={})",
-                input_scale, output_scale, eps
+                "RSQRT (input_scale={}, output_scale={})",
+                input_scale, output_scale
             ),
             HybridOp::Sqrt { scale } => format!("SQRT(scale={})", scale),
-            HybridOp::Ln { scale, eps } => format!("LN(scale={}, eps={})", scale, eps),
+            HybridOp::Ln { scale } => format!("LN(scale={})", scale),
             HybridOp::RoundHalfToEven { scale, legs } => {
                 format!("ROUND_HALF_TO_EVEN(scale={}, legs={})", scale, legs)
             }
@@ -151,10 +142,9 @@ impl<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash> Op<F> for Hybrid
             HybridOp::Recip {
                 input_scale,
                 output_scale,
-                eps,
             } => format!(
-                "RECIP (input_scale={}, output_scale={}, eps={})",
-                input_scale, output_scale, eps
+                "RECIP (input_scale={}, output_scale={})",
+                input_scale, output_scale
             ),
             HybridOp::Div { denom } => format!("DIV (denom={})", denom),
             HybridOp::SumPool {
@@ -162,10 +152,9 @@ impl<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash> Op<F> for Hybrid
                 stride,
                 kernel_shape,
                 normalized,
-                data_format,
             } => format!(
-                "SUMPOOL (padding={:?}, stride={:?}, kernel_shape={:?}, normalized={}, data_format={:?})",
-                padding, stride, kernel_shape, normalized, data_format
+                "SUMPOOL (padding={:?}, stride={:?}, kernel_shape={:?}, normalized={})",
+                padding, stride, kernel_shape, normalized
             ),
             HybridOp::ReduceMax { axes } => format!("REDUCEMAX (axes={:?})", axes),
             HybridOp::ReduceArgMax { dim } => format!("REDUCEARGMAX (dim={})", dim),
@@ -173,10 +162,9 @@ impl<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash> Op<F> for Hybrid
                 padding,
                 stride,
                 pool_dims,
-                data_format,
             } => format!(
-                "MaxPool (padding={:?}, stride={:?}, pool_dims={:?}, data_format={:?})",
-                padding, stride, pool_dims, data_format
+                "MaxPool (padding={:?}, stride={:?}, pool_dims={:?})",
+                padding, stride, pool_dims
             ),
             HybridOp::ReduceMin { axes } => format!("REDUCEMIN (axes={:?})", axes),
             HybridOp::ReduceArgMin { dim } => format!("REDUCEARGMIN (dim={})", dim),
@@ -184,16 +172,13 @@ impl<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash> Op<F> for Hybrid
                 input_scale,
                 output_scale,
                 axes,
-                eps,
             } => {
                 format!(
-                    "SOFTMAX (input_scale={}, output_scale={}, axes={:?}, eps={})",
-                    input_scale, output_scale, axes, eps
+                    "SOFTMAX (input_scale={}, output_scale={}, axes={:?})",
+                    input_scale, output_scale, axes
                 )
             }
-            HybridOp::Output { decomp } => {
-                format!("OUTPUT (decomp={})", decomp)
-            }
+            HybridOp::RangeCheck(p) => format!("RANGECHECK (tol={:?})", p),
             HybridOp::Greater => "GREATER".to_string(),
             HybridOp::GreaterEqual => "GREATEREQUAL".to_string(),
             HybridOp::Less => "LESS".to_string(),
@@ -219,21 +204,17 @@ impl<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash> Op<F> for Hybrid
             HybridOp::Rsqrt {
                 input_scale,
                 output_scale,
-                eps,
             } => layouts::rsqrt(
                 config,
                 region,
                 values[..].try_into()?,
                 *input_scale,
                 *output_scale,
-                *eps,
             )?,
             HybridOp::Sqrt { scale } => {
                 layouts::sqrt(config, region, values[..].try_into()?, *scale)?
             }
-            HybridOp::Ln { scale, eps } => {
-                layouts::ln(config, region, values[..].try_into()?, *scale, *eps)?
-            }
+            HybridOp::Ln { scale } => layouts::ln(config, region, values[..].try_into()?, *scale)?,
             HybridOp::RoundHalfToEven { scale, legs } => {
                 layouts::round_half_to_even(config, region, values[..].try_into()?, *scale, *legs)?
             }
@@ -253,7 +234,6 @@ impl<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash> Op<F> for Hybrid
                 stride,
                 kernel_shape,
                 normalized,
-                data_format,
             } => layouts::sumpool(
                 config,
                 region,
@@ -262,19 +242,16 @@ impl<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash> Op<F> for Hybrid
                 stride,
                 kernel_shape,
                 *normalized,
-                *data_format,
             )?,
             HybridOp::Recip {
                 input_scale,
                 output_scale,
-                eps,
             } => layouts::recip(
                 config,
                 region,
                 values[..].try_into()?,
                 integer_rep_to_felt(input_scale.0 as IntegerRep),
                 integer_rep_to_felt(output_scale.0 as IntegerRep),
-                *eps,
             )?,
             HybridOp::Div { denom, .. } => {
                 if denom.0.fract() == 0.0 {
@@ -305,7 +282,6 @@ impl<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash> Op<F> for Hybrid
                 padding,
                 stride,
                 pool_dims,
-                data_format,
             } => layouts::max_pool(
                 config,
                 region,
@@ -313,7 +289,6 @@ impl<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash> Op<F> for Hybrid
                 padding,
                 stride,
                 pool_dims,
-                *data_format,
             )?,
             HybridOp::ReduceMax { axes } => {
                 layouts::max_axes(config, region, values[..].try_into()?, axes)?
@@ -331,7 +306,6 @@ impl<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash> Op<F> for Hybrid
                 input_scale,
                 output_scale,
                 axes,
-                eps,
             } => layouts::softmax_axes(
                 config,
                 region,
@@ -339,11 +313,14 @@ impl<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash> Op<F> for Hybrid
                 *input_scale,
                 *output_scale,
                 axes,
-                *eps,
             )?,
-            HybridOp::Output { decomp } => {
-                layouts::output(config, region, values[..].try_into()?, *decomp)?
-            }
+            HybridOp::RangeCheck(tol) => layouts::range_check_percent(
+                config,
+                region,
+                values[..].try_into()?,
+                tol.scale,
+                tol.val,
+            )?,
             HybridOp::Greater => layouts::greater(config, region, values[..].try_into()?)?,
             HybridOp::GreaterEqual => {
                 layouts::greater_equal(config, region, values[..].try_into()?)?
@@ -380,7 +357,6 @@ impl<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash> Op<F> for Hybrid
             } => multiplier_to_scale((output_scale.0 * input_scale.0) as f64),
             HybridOp::Ln {
                 scale: output_scale,
-                eps: _,
             } => 4 * multiplier_to_scale(output_scale.0 as f64),
             _ => in_scales[0],
         };

src/circuit/ops/mod.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 use std::any::Any;
 
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
-#[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
-use tract_onnx::prelude::DatumType;
 
 use crate::{
     graph::quantize_tensor,
@@ -98,8 +96,6 @@ pub enum InputType {
     Int,
     ///
     TDim,
-    ///
-    Unknown,
 }
 
 impl InputType {
@@ -136,7 +132,6 @@ impl InputType {
                 let int_input = input.clone().to_i64().unwrap();
                 *input = T::from_i64(int_input).unwrap();
             }
-            InputType::Unknown => {}
         }
     }
 }
@@ -157,30 +152,6 @@ impl std::str::FromStr for InputType {
     }
 }
 
-#[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
-impl From<DatumType> for InputType {
-    /// # Panics
-    /// Panics if the datum type is not supported
-    fn from(datum_type: DatumType) -> Self {
-        match datum_type {
-            DatumType::Bool => InputType::Bool,
-            DatumType::F16 => InputType::F16,
-            DatumType::F32 => InputType::F32,
-            DatumType::F64 => InputType::F64,
-            DatumType::I8 => InputType::Int,
-            DatumType::I16 => InputType::Int,
-            DatumType::I32 => InputType::Int,
-            DatumType::I64 => InputType::Int,
-            DatumType::U8 => InputType::Int,
-            DatumType::U16 => InputType::Int,
-            DatumType::U32 => InputType::Int,
-            DatumType::U64 => InputType::Int,
-            DatumType::TDim => InputType::TDim,
-            _ => unimplemented!(),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
 ///
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, PartialOrd, Ord, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct Input {
@@ -188,8 +159,6 @@ pub struct Input {
     pub scale: crate::Scale,
     ///
     pub datum_type: InputType,
-    /// decomp check
-    pub decomp: bool,
 }
 
 impl<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash> Op<F> for Input {
@@ -227,7 +196,6 @@ impl<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash> Op<F> for Input
                     config,
                     region,
                     values[..].try_into()?,
-                    self.decomp,
                 )?)),
             }
         } else {
@@ -283,26 +251,20 @@ pub struct Constant<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash> {
     ///
     #[serde(skip)]
     pub pre_assigned_val: Option<ValTensor<F>>,
-    ///
-    pub decomp: bool,
 }
 
 impl<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash> Constant<F> {
     ///
-    pub fn new(quantized_values: Tensor<F>, raw_values: Tensor<f32>, decomp: bool) -> Self {
+    pub fn new(quantized_values: Tensor<F>, raw_values: Tensor<f32>) -> Self {
         Self {
             quantized_values,
             raw_values,
             pre_assigned_val: None,
-            decomp,
         }
     }
     /// Rebase the scale of the constant
     pub fn rebase_scale(&mut self, new_scale: crate::Scale) -> Result<(), CircuitError> {
-        let visibility = match self.quantized_values.visibility() {
-            Some(v) => v,
-            None => return Err(CircuitError::UnsetVisibility),
-        };
+        let visibility = self.quantized_values.visibility().unwrap();
         self.quantized_values = quantize_tensor(self.raw_values.clone(), new_scale, &visibility)?;
         Ok(())
     }
@@ -319,8 +281,13 @@ impl<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash> Constant<F> {
 }
 
 impl<
-    F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash + Serialize + for<'de> Deserialize<'de>,
-> Op<F> for Constant<F>
+        F: PrimeField
+            + TensorType
+            + PartialOrd
+            + std::hash::Hash
+            + Serialize
+            + for<'de> Deserialize<'de>,
+    > Op<F> for Constant<F>
 {
     fn as_any(&self) -> &dyn Any {
         self
@@ -341,12 +308,7 @@ impl<
             self.quantized_values.clone().try_into()?
         };
         // we gotta constrain it once if its used multiple times
-        Ok(Some(layouts::identity(
-            config,
-            region,
-            &[value],
-            self.decomp,
-        )?))
+        Ok(Some(layouts::identity(config, region, &[value])?))
     }
 
     fn clone_dyn(&self) -> Box<dyn Op<F>> {

src/circuit/ops/poly.rs

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ use crate::{
         utils::{self, F32},
     },
     tensor::{self, Tensor, TensorError},
-    tensor::{DataFormat, KernelFormat},
 };
 
 use super::{base::BaseOp, *};
@@ -44,12 +43,10 @@ pub enum PolyOp {
         padding: Vec<(usize, usize)>,
         stride: Vec<usize>,
         group: usize,
-        data_format: DataFormat,
-        kernel_format: KernelFormat,
     },
     Downsample {
         axis: usize,
-        stride: isize,
+        stride: usize,
         modulo: usize,
     },
     DeConv {
@@ -57,8 +54,6 @@ pub enum PolyOp {
         output_padding: Vec<usize>,
         stride: Vec<usize>,
         group: usize,
-        data_format: DataFormat,
-        kernel_format: KernelFormat,
     },
     Add,
     Sub,
@@ -108,8 +103,13 @@ pub enum PolyOp {
 }
 
 impl<
-    F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash + Serialize + for<'de> Deserialize<'de>,
-> Op<F> for PolyOp
+        F: PrimeField
+            + TensorType
+            + PartialOrd
+            + std::hash::Hash
+            + Serialize
+            + for<'de> Deserialize<'de>,
+    > Op<F> for PolyOp
 {
     /// Returns a reference to the Any trait.
     fn as_any(&self) -> &dyn Any {
@@ -165,12 +165,10 @@ impl<
                 stride,
                 padding,
                 group,
-                data_format,
-                kernel_format,
             } => {
                 format!(
-                    "CONV (stride={:?}, padding={:?}, group={}, data_format={:?}, kernel_format={:?})",
-                    stride, padding, group, data_format, kernel_format
+                    "CONV (stride={:?}, padding={:?}, group={})",
+                    stride, padding, group
                 )
             }
             PolyOp::DeConv {
@@ -178,12 +176,10 @@ impl<
                 padding,
                 output_padding,
                 group,
-                data_format,
-                kernel_format,
             } => {
                 format!(
-                    "DECONV (stride={:?}, padding={:?}, output_padding={:?}, group={}, data_format={:?}, kernel_format={:?})",
-                    stride, padding, output_padding, group, data_format, kernel_format
+                    "DECONV (stride={:?}, padding={:?}, output_padding={:?}, group={})",
+                    stride, padding, output_padding, group
                 )
             }
             PolyOp::Concat { axis } => format!("CONCAT (axis={})", axis),
@@ -246,8 +242,6 @@ impl<
                 padding,
                 stride,
                 group,
-                data_format,
-                kernel_format,
             } => layouts::conv(
                 config,
                 region,
@@ -255,17 +249,9 @@ impl<
                 padding,
                 stride,
                 *group,
-                *data_format,
-                *kernel_format,
             )?,
             PolyOp::GatherElements { dim, constant_idx } => {
                 if let Some(idx) = constant_idx {
-                    if values.len() != 1 {
-                        return Err(TensorError::DimError(
-                            "GatherElements only accepts single inputs".to_string(),
-                        )
-                        .into());
-                    }
                     tensor::ops::gather_elements(values[0].get_inner_tensor()?, idx, *dim)?.into()
                 } else {
                     layouts::gather_elements(config, region, values[..].try_into()?, *dim)?.0
@@ -283,12 +269,6 @@ impl<
             }
             PolyOp::ScatterElements { dim, constant_idx } => {
                 if let Some(idx) = constant_idx {
-                    if values.len() != 2 {
-                        return Err(TensorError::DimError(
-                            "ScatterElements requires two inputs".to_string(),
-                        )
-                        .into());
-                    }
                     tensor::ops::scatter(
                         values[0].get_inner_tensor()?,
                         idx,
@@ -317,8 +297,6 @@ impl<
                 output_padding,
                 stride,
                 group,
-                data_format,
-                kernel_format,
             } => layouts::deconv(
                 config,
                 region,
@@ -327,17 +305,13 @@ impl<
                 output_padding,
                 stride,
                 *group,
-                *data_format,
-                *kernel_format,
             )?,
             PolyOp::Add => layouts::pairwise(config, region, values[..].try_into()?, BaseOp::Add)?,
             PolyOp::Sub => layouts::pairwise(config, region, values[..].try_into()?, BaseOp::Sub)?,
             PolyOp::Mult => {
                 layouts::pairwise(config, region, values[..].try_into()?, BaseOp::Mult)?
             }
-            PolyOp::Identity { .. } => {
-                layouts::identity(config, region, values[..].try_into()?, false)?
-            }
+            PolyOp::Identity { .. } => layouts::identity(config, region, values[..].try_into()?)?,
             PolyOp::Reshape(d) | PolyOp::Flatten(d) => layouts::reshape(values[..].try_into()?, d)?,
             PolyOp::Pad(p) => {
                 if values.len() != 1 {

src/circuit/table.rs

@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ impl<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash> Table<F> {
         range: Range,
         logrows: usize,
         nonlinearity: &LookupOp,
-        preexisting_inputs: &mut Vec<TableColumn>,
+        preexisting_inputs: Option<Vec<TableColumn>>,
     ) -> Table<F> {
         let factors = cs.blinding_factors() + RESERVED_BLINDING_ROWS_PAD;
         let col_size = Self::cal_col_size(logrows, factors);
@@ -172,28 +172,28 @@ impl<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash> Table<F> {
 
         debug!("table range: {:?}", range);
 
-        // validate enough columns are provided to store the range
-        if preexisting_inputs.len() < num_cols {
-            // add columns to match the required number of columns
-            let diff = num_cols - preexisting_inputs.len();
-            for _ in 0..diff {
-                preexisting_inputs.push(cs.lookup_table_column());
+        let table_inputs = preexisting_inputs.unwrap_or_else(|| {
+            let mut cols = vec![];
+            for _ in 0..num_cols {
+                cols.push(cs.lookup_table_column());
             }
-        }
+            cols
+        });
+
+        let num_cols = table_inputs.len();
 
-        let num_cols = preexisting_inputs.len();
         if num_cols > 1 {
             warn!("Using {} columns for non-linearity table.", num_cols);
         }
 
-        let table_outputs = preexisting_inputs
+        let table_outputs = table_inputs
             .iter()
             .map(|_| cs.lookup_table_column())
             .collect::<Vec<_>>();
 
         Table {
             nonlinearity: nonlinearity.clone(),
-            table_inputs: preexisting_inputs.clone(),
+            table_inputs,
             table_outputs,
             is_assigned: false,
             selector_constructor: SelectorConstructor::new(num_cols),

src/circuit/tests.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 use crate::circuit::ops::poly::PolyOp;
 use crate::circuit::*;
-use crate::tensor::{DataFormat, KernelFormat};
 use crate::tensor::{Tensor, TensorType, ValTensor, VarTensor};
 use halo2_proofs::{
     circuit::{Layouter, SimpleFloorPlanner, Value},
@@ -1066,8 +1065,6 @@ mod conv {
                                     padding: vec![(1, 1); 2],
                                     stride: vec![2; 2],
                                     group: 1,
-                                    data_format: DataFormat::default(),
-                                    kernel_format: KernelFormat::default(),
                                 }),
                             )
                             .map_err(|_| Error::Synthesis)
@@ -1223,8 +1220,6 @@ mod conv_col_ultra_overflow {
                                     padding: vec![(1, 1); 2],
                                     stride: vec![2; 2],
                                     group: 1,
-                                    data_format: DataFormat::default(),
-                                    kernel_format: KernelFormat::default(),
                                 }),
                             )
                             .map_err(|_| Error::Synthesis)
@@ -1382,8 +1377,6 @@ mod conv_relu_col_ultra_overflow {
                                     padding: vec![(1, 1); 2],
                                     stride: vec![2; 2],
                                     group: 1,
-                                    data_format: DataFormat::default(),
-                                    kernel_format: KernelFormat::default(),
                                 }),
                             )
                             .map_err(|_| Error::Synthesis);
@@ -1820,7 +1813,6 @@ mod shuffle {
                                 &mut region,
                                 &self.inputs[i],
                                 &self.references[i],
-                                layouts::SortCollisionMode::Unsorted,
                             )
                             .map_err(|_| Error::Synthesis)?;
                         }
@@ -2006,7 +1998,7 @@ mod add_with_overflow_and_poseidon {
             let base = BaseConfig::configure(cs, &[a, b], &output, CheckMode::SAFE);
             VarTensor::constant_cols(cs, K, 2, false);
 
-            let poseidon = PoseidonChip::<PoseidonSpec, WIDTH, RATE>::configure(cs, ());
+            let poseidon = PoseidonChip::<PoseidonSpec, WIDTH, RATE, WIDTH>::configure(cs, ());
 
             MyCircuitConfig { base, poseidon }
         }
@@ -2016,7 +2008,7 @@ mod add_with_overflow_and_poseidon {
             mut config: Self::Config,
             mut layouter: impl Layouter<Fr>,
         ) -> Result<(), Error> {
-            let poseidon_chip: PoseidonChip<PoseidonSpec, WIDTH, RATE> =
+            let poseidon_chip: PoseidonChip<PoseidonSpec, WIDTH, RATE, WIDTH> =
                 PoseidonChip::new(config.poseidon.clone());
 
             let assigned_inputs_a =
@@ -2051,9 +2043,11 @@ mod add_with_overflow_and_poseidon {
         let b = (0..LEN)
             .map(|i| halo2curves::bn256::Fr::from(i as u64 + 1))
             .collect::<Vec<_>>();
-        let commitment_a = PoseidonChip::<PoseidonSpec, WIDTH, RATE>::run(a.clone()).unwrap()[0][0];
+        let commitment_a =
+            PoseidonChip::<PoseidonSpec, WIDTH, RATE, WIDTH>::run(a.clone()).unwrap()[0][0];
 
-        let commitment_b = PoseidonChip::<PoseidonSpec, WIDTH, RATE>::run(b.clone()).unwrap()[0][0];
+        let commitment_b =
+            PoseidonChip::<PoseidonSpec, WIDTH, RATE, WIDTH>::run(b.clone()).unwrap()[0][0];
 
         // parameters
         let a = Tensor::from(a.into_iter().map(Value::known));
@@ -2075,11 +2069,13 @@ mod add_with_overflow_and_poseidon {
         let b = (0..LEN)
             .map(|i| halo2curves::bn256::Fr::from(i as u64 + 1))
             .collect::<Vec<_>>();
-        let commitment_a =
-            PoseidonChip::<PoseidonSpec, WIDTH, RATE>::run(a.clone()).unwrap()[0][0] + Fr::one();
+        let commitment_a = PoseidonChip::<PoseidonSpec, WIDTH, RATE, WIDTH>::run(a.clone())
+            .unwrap()[0][0]
+            + Fr::one();
 
-        let commitment_b =
-            PoseidonChip::<PoseidonSpec, WIDTH, RATE>::run(b.clone()).unwrap()[0][0] + Fr::one();
+        let commitment_b = PoseidonChip::<PoseidonSpec, WIDTH, RATE, WIDTH>::run(b.clone())
+            .unwrap()[0][0]
+            + Fr::one();
 
         // parameters
         let a = Tensor::from(a.into_iter().map(Value::known));

src/commands.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 use alloy::primitives::Address as H160;
 use clap::{Command, Parser, Subcommand};
-use clap_complete::{Generator, Shell, generate};
+use clap_complete::{generate, Generator, Shell};
 #[cfg(feature = "python-bindings")]
 use pyo3::{conversion::FromPyObject, exceptions::PyValueError, prelude::*};
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ use std::path::PathBuf;
 use std::str::FromStr;
 use tosubcommand::{ToFlags, ToSubcommand};
 
-use crate::{Commitments, RunArgs, pfsys::ProofType};
+use crate::{pfsys::ProofType, Commitments, RunArgs};
 
 use crate::circuit::CheckMode;
 use crate::graph::TestDataSource;
@@ -360,13 +360,8 @@ pub fn get_styles() -> clap::builder::Styles {
 }
 
 /// Print completions for the given generator
-pub fn print_completions<G: Generator>(r#gen: G, cmd: &mut Command) {
-    generate(
-        r#gen,
-        cmd,
-        cmd.get_name().to_string(),
-        &mut std::io::stdout(),
-    );
+pub fn print_completions<G: Generator>(gen: G, cmd: &mut Command) {
+    generate(gen, cmd, cmd.get_name().to_string(), &mut std::io::stdout());
 }
 
 #[allow(missing_docs)]
@@ -382,44 +377,6 @@ pub struct Cli {
     pub command: Option<Commands>,
 }
 
-/// Custom parser for data field that handles both direct JSON strings and file paths with '@' prefix
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq, PartialOrd)]
-pub struct DataField(pub String);
-
-impl FromStr for DataField {
-    type Err = String;
-
-    fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<Self, Self::Err> {
-        // Check if the input starts with '@'
-        if s.starts_with('@') {
-            // Extract the file path (remove the '@' prefix)
-            let file_path = &s[1..];
-
-            // Read the file content
-            let content = std::fs::read_to_string(file_path)
-                .map_err(|e| format!("Failed to read data file '{}': {}", file_path, e))?;
-
-            // Return the file content as the data field value
-            Ok(DataField(content))
-        } else {
-            // Use the input string directly
-            Ok(DataField(s.to_string()))
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl ToFlags for DataField {
-    fn to_flags(&self) -> Vec<String> {
-        vec![self.0.clone()]
-    }
-}
-
-impl std::fmt::Display for DataField {
-    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
-        write!(f, "{}", self.0)
-    }
-}
-
 #[allow(missing_docs)]
 #[derive(Debug, Subcommand, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, PartialOrd, ToSubcommand)]
 pub enum Commands {
@@ -438,9 +395,9 @@ pub enum Commands {
 
     /// Generates the witness from an input file.
     GenWitness {
-        /// The path to the .json data file (with @ prefix) or a raw data string of the form '{"input_data": [[1, 2, 3]]}'
-        #[arg(short = 'D', long, default_value = DEFAULT_DATA, value_parser = DataField::from_str)]
-        data: Option<DataField>,
+        /// The path to the .json data file
+        #[arg(short = 'D', long, default_value = DEFAULT_DATA, value_hint = clap::ValueHint::FilePath)]
+        data: Option<PathBuf>,
         /// The path to the compiled model file (generated using the compile-circuit command)
         #[arg(short = 'M', long, default_value = DEFAULT_COMPILED_CIRCUIT, value_hint = clap::ValueHint::FilePath)]
         compiled_circuit: Option<PathBuf>,
@@ -481,18 +438,12 @@ pub enum Commands {
         /// random seed for reproducibility (optional)
         #[arg(long, value_hint = clap::ValueHint::Other, default_value = DEFAULT_SEED)]
         seed: u64,
-        /// min value for random data
-        #[arg(long, value_hint = clap::ValueHint::Other)]
-        min: Option<f32>,
-        /// max value for random data
-        #[arg(long, value_hint = clap::ValueHint::Other)]
-        max: Option<f32>,
     },
     /// Calibrates the proving scale, lookup bits and logrows from a circuit settings file.
     CalibrateSettings {
         /// The path to the .json calibration data file.
         #[arg(short = 'D', long, default_value = DEFAULT_CALIBRATION_FILE, value_hint = clap::ValueHint::FilePath)]
-        data: Option<String>,
+        data: Option<PathBuf>,
         /// The path to the .onnx model file
         #[arg(short = 'M', long, default_value = DEFAULT_MODEL, value_hint = clap::ValueHint::FilePath)]
         model: Option<PathBuf>,
@@ -676,7 +627,7 @@ pub enum Commands {
     SetupTestEvmData {
         /// The path to the .json data file, which should include both the network input (possibly private) and the network output (public input to the proof)
         #[arg(short = 'D', long, value_hint = clap::ValueHint::FilePath)]
-        data: Option<String>,
+        data: Option<PathBuf>,
         /// The path to the compiled model file (generated using the compile-circuit command)
         #[arg(short = 'M', long, value_hint = clap::ValueHint::FilePath)]
         compiled_circuit: Option<PathBuf>,
@@ -685,9 +636,9 @@ pub enum Commands {
         /// Should include both the network input (possibly private) and the network output (public input to the proof)
         #[arg(short = 'T', long, value_hint = clap::ValueHint::FilePath)]
         test_data: PathBuf,
-        /// RPC URL for an Ethereum node
+        /// RPC URL for an Ethereum node, if None will use Anvil but WON'T persist state
         #[arg(short = 'U', long, value_hint = clap::ValueHint::Url)]
-        rpc_url: String,
+        rpc_url: Option<String>,
         /// where the input data come from
         #[arg(long, default_value = "on-chain", value_hint = clap::ValueHint::Other)]
         input_source: TestDataSource,
@@ -695,6 +646,19 @@ pub enum Commands {
         #[arg(long, default_value = "on-chain", value_hint = clap::ValueHint::Other)]
         output_source: TestDataSource,
     },
+    /// The Data Attestation Verifier contract stores the account calls to fetch data to feed into ezkl. This call data can be updated by an admin account. This tests that admin account is able to update this call data.
+    #[command(arg_required_else_help = true)]
+    TestUpdateAccountCalls {
+        /// The path to the verifier contract's address
+        #[arg(long, value_hint = clap::ValueHint::Other)]
+        addr: H160Flag,
+        /// The path to the .json data file.
+        #[arg(short = 'D', long, value_hint = clap::ValueHint::FilePath)]
+        data: Option<PathBuf>,
+        /// RPC URL for an Ethereum node, if None will use Anvil but WON'T persist state
+        #[arg(short = 'U', long, value_hint = clap::ValueHint::Url)]
+        rpc_url: Option<String>,
+    },
     /// Swaps the positions in the transcript that correspond to commitments
     SwapProofCommitments {
         /// The path to the proof file
@@ -772,7 +736,7 @@ pub enum Commands {
     },
     /// Creates an Evm verifier artifact for a single proof to be used by the reusable verifier
     #[command(name = "create-evm-vka")]
-    CreateEvmVka {
+    CreateEvmVKArtifact {
         /// The path to SRS, if None will use ~/.ezkl/srs/kzg{logrows}.srs
         #[arg(long, value_hint = clap::ValueHint::FilePath)]
         srs_path: Option<PathBuf>,
@@ -791,7 +755,7 @@ pub enum Commands {
     },
     /// Creates an Evm verifier that attests to on-chain inputs for a single proof
     #[command(name = "create-evm-da")]
-    CreateEvmDa {
+    CreateEvmDataAttestation {
         /// The path to load circuit settings .json file from (generated using the gen-settings command)
         #[arg(short = 'S', long, default_value = DEFAULT_SETTINGS, value_hint = clap::ValueHint::FilePath)]
         settings_path: Option<PathBuf>,
@@ -807,7 +771,7 @@ pub enum Commands {
         /// view functions that return the data that the network
         /// ingests as inputs.
         #[arg(short = 'D', long, default_value = DEFAULT_DATA, value_hint = clap::ValueHint::FilePath)]
-        data: Option<String>,
+        data: Option<PathBuf>,
         /// The path to the witness file. This is needed for proof swapping for kzg commitments.
         #[arg(short = 'W', long, default_value = DEFAULT_WITNESS, value_hint = clap::ValueHint::FilePath)]
         witness: Option<PathBuf>,
@@ -882,9 +846,9 @@ pub enum Commands {
         /// The path to the Solidity code (generated using the create-evm-verifier command)
         #[arg(long, default_value = DEFAULT_SOL_CODE, value_hint = clap::ValueHint::FilePath)]
         sol_code_path: Option<PathBuf>,
-        /// RPC URL for an Ethereum node
-        #[arg(short = 'U', long,  default_value = DEFAULT_CONTRACT_ADDRESS, value_hint = clap::ValueHint::Url)]
-        rpc_url: String,
+        /// RPC URL for an Ethereum node, if None will use Anvil but WON'T persist state
+        #[arg(short = 'U', long, value_hint = clap::ValueHint::Url)]
+        rpc_url: Option<String>,
         #[arg(long, default_value = DEFAULT_CONTRACT_ADDRESS, value_hint = clap::ValueHint::Other)]
         /// The path to output the contract address
         addr_path: Option<PathBuf>,
@@ -900,19 +864,19 @@ pub enum Commands {
     },
     /// Deploys an evm verifier that allows for data attestation
     #[command(name = "deploy-evm-da")]
-    DeployEvmDa {
+    DeployEvmDataAttestation {
         /// The path to the .json data file, which should include both the network input (possibly private) and the network output (public input to the proof)
         #[arg(short = 'D', long, default_value = DEFAULT_DATA, value_hint = clap::ValueHint::FilePath)]
-        data: Option<String>,
+        data: Option<PathBuf>,
         /// The path to load circuit settings .json file from (generated using the gen-settings command)
         #[arg(long, default_value = DEFAULT_SETTINGS, value_hint = clap::ValueHint::FilePath)]
         settings_path: Option<PathBuf>,
         /// The path to the Solidity code
         #[arg(long, default_value = DEFAULT_SOL_CODE_DA, value_hint = clap::ValueHint::FilePath)]
         sol_code_path: Option<PathBuf>,
-        /// RPC URL for an Ethereum node
+        /// RPC URL for an Ethereum node, if None will use Anvil but WON'T persist state
         #[arg(short = 'U', long, value_hint = clap::ValueHint::Url)]
-        rpc_url: String,
+        rpc_url: Option<String>,
         #[arg(long, default_value = DEFAULT_CONTRACT_ADDRESS_DA, value_hint = clap::ValueHint::FilePath)]
         /// The path to output the contract address
         addr_path: Option<PathBuf>,
@@ -932,9 +896,9 @@ pub enum Commands {
         /// The path to verifier contract's address
         #[arg(long, default_value = DEFAULT_CONTRACT_ADDRESS, value_hint = clap::ValueHint::Other)]
         addr_verifier: H160Flag,
-        /// RPC URL for an Ethereum node
+        /// RPC URL for an Ethereum node, if None will use Anvil but WON'T persist state
         #[arg(short = 'U', long, value_hint = clap::ValueHint::Url)]
-        rpc_url: String,
+        rpc_url: Option<String>,
         /// does the verifier use data attestation ?
         #[arg(long, value_hint = clap::ValueHint::Other)]
         addr_da: Option<H160Flag>,

src/execute.rs

@@ -1,30 +1,32 @@
-use crate::EZKL_BUF_CAPACITY;
-use crate::circuit::CheckMode;
 use crate::circuit::region::RegionSettings;
+use crate::circuit::CheckMode;
 use crate::commands::CalibrationTarget;
-use crate::eth::{deploy_contract_via_solidity, deploy_da_verifier_via_solidity, fix_da_sol};
+use crate::eth::{
+    deploy_contract_via_solidity, deploy_da_verifier_via_solidity, fix_da_multi_sol,
+    fix_da_single_sol,
+};
 #[allow(unused_imports)]
 use crate::eth::{get_contract_artifacts, verify_proof_via_solidity};
-use crate::graph::input::GraphData;
+use crate::graph::input::{Calls, GraphData};
 use crate::graph::{GraphCircuit, GraphSettings, GraphWitness, Model};
 use crate::graph::{TestDataSource, TestSources};
 use crate::pfsys::evm::aggregation_kzg::{AggregationCircuit, PoseidonTranscript};
 use crate::pfsys::{
-    ProofSplitCommit, create_proof_circuit, swap_proof_commitments_polycommit, verify_proof_circuit,
+    create_keys, load_pk, load_vk, save_params, save_pk, Snark, StrategyType, TranscriptType,
 };
 use crate::pfsys::{
-    Snark, StrategyType, TranscriptType, create_keys, load_pk, load_vk, save_params, save_pk,
+    create_proof_circuit, swap_proof_commitments_polycommit, verify_proof_circuit, ProofSplitCommit,
 };
 use crate::pfsys::{save_vk, srs::*};
 use crate::tensor::TensorError;
+use crate::EZKL_BUF_CAPACITY;
+use crate::{commands::*, EZKLError};
 use crate::{Commitments, RunArgs};
-use crate::{EZKLError, commands::*};
 use colored::Colorize;
 #[cfg(unix)]
 use gag::Gag;
 use halo2_proofs::dev::VerifyFailure;
 use halo2_proofs::plonk::{self, Circuit};
-use halo2_proofs::poly::VerificationStrategy;
 use halo2_proofs::poly::commitment::{CommitmentScheme, Params};
 use halo2_proofs::poly::commitment::{ParamsProver, Verifier};
 use halo2_proofs::poly::ipa::commitment::{IPACommitmentScheme, ParamsIPA};
@@ -37,6 +39,7 @@ use halo2_proofs::poly::kzg::strategy::AccumulatorStrategy as KZGAccumulatorStra
 use halo2_proofs::poly::kzg::{
     commitment::ParamsKZG, strategy::SingleStrategy as KZGSingleStrategy,
 };
+use halo2_proofs::poly::VerificationStrategy;
 use halo2_proofs::transcript::{EncodedChallenge, TranscriptReadBuffer};
 use halo2_solidity_verifier;
 use halo2curves::bn256::{Bn256, Fr, G1Affine};
@@ -45,15 +48,14 @@ use halo2curves::serde::SerdeObject;
 use indicatif::{ProgressBar, ProgressStyle};
 use instant::Instant;
 use itertools::Itertools;
-use lazy_static::lazy_static;
 use log::debug;
 use log::{info, trace, warn};
-use serde::Serialize;
 use serde::de::DeserializeOwned;
+use serde::Serialize;
 use snark_verifier::loader::native::NativeLoader;
-use snark_verifier::system::halo2::Config;
 use snark_verifier::system::halo2::compile;
 use snark_verifier::system::halo2::transcript::evm::EvmTranscript;
+use snark_verifier::system::halo2::Config;
 use std::fs::File;
 use std::io::BufWriter;
 use std::io::{Cursor, Write};
@@ -66,6 +68,8 @@ use thiserror::Error;
 use tract_onnx::prelude::IntoTensor;
 use tract_onnx::prelude::Tensor as TractTensor;
 
+use lazy_static::lazy_static;
+
 lazy_static! {
     #[derive(Debug)]
     /// The path to the ezkl related data.
@@ -114,7 +118,7 @@ pub async fn run(command: Commands) -> Result<String, EZKLError> {
         } => gen_srs_cmd(
             srs_path,
             logrows as u32,
-            commitment.unwrap_or_else(|| Commitments::from_str(DEFAULT_COMMITMENT).unwrap()),
+            commitment.unwrap_or(Commitments::from_str(DEFAULT_COMMITMENT).unwrap()),
         ),
         Commands::GetSrs {
             srs_path,
@@ -137,15 +141,11 @@ pub async fn run(command: Commands) -> Result<String, EZKLError> {
             data,
             variables,
             seed,
-            min,
-            max,
         } => gen_random_data(
             model.unwrap_or(DEFAULT_MODEL.into()),
             data.unwrap_or(DEFAULT_DATA.into()),
             variables,
             seed,
-            min,
-            max,
         ),
         Commands::CalibrateSettings {
             model,
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ pub async fn run(command: Commands) -> Result<String, EZKLError> {
             srs_path,
         } => gen_witness(
             compiled_circuit.unwrap_or(DEFAULT_COMPILED_CIRCUIT.into()),
-            data.unwrap_or(DataField(DEFAULT_DATA.into())).to_string(),
+            data.unwrap_or(DEFAULT_DATA.into()),
             Some(output.unwrap_or(DEFAULT_WITNESS.into())),
             vk_path,
             srs_path,
@@ -215,7 +215,8 @@ pub async fn run(command: Commands) -> Result<String, EZKLError> {
             addr_vk,
         )
         .map(|e| serde_json::to_string(&e).unwrap()),
-        Commands::CreateEvmVka {
+
+        Commands::CreateEvmVKArtifact {
             vk_path,
             srs_path,
             settings_path,
@@ -231,7 +232,7 @@ pub async fn run(command: Commands) -> Result<String, EZKLError> {
             )
             .await
         }
-        Commands::CreateEvmDa {
+        Commands::CreateEvmDataAttestation {
             settings_path,
             sol_code_path,
             abi_path,
@@ -300,7 +301,7 @@ pub async fn run(command: Commands) -> Result<String, EZKLError> {
             input_source,
             output_source,
         } => {
-            setup_test_evm_data(
+            setup_test_evm_witness(
                 data.unwrap_or(DEFAULT_DATA.into()),
                 compiled_circuit.unwrap_or(DEFAULT_COMPILED_CIRCUIT.into()),
                 test_data,
@@ -310,6 +311,11 @@ pub async fn run(command: Commands) -> Result<String, EZKLError> {
             )
             .await
         }
+        Commands::TestUpdateAccountCalls {
+            addr,
+            data,
+            rpc_url,
+        } => test_update_account_calls(addr, data.unwrap_or(DEFAULT_DATA.into()), rpc_url).await,
         Commands::SwapProofCommitments {
             proof_path,
             witness_path,
@@ -436,7 +442,7 @@ pub async fn run(command: Commands) -> Result<String, EZKLError> {
             )
             .await
         }
-        Commands::DeployEvmDa {
+        Commands::DeployEvmDataAttestation {
             data,
             settings_path,
             sol_code_path,
@@ -510,9 +516,7 @@ fn update_ezkl_binary(version: &Option<String>) -> Result<String, EZKLError> {
         .status()
         .is_err()
     {
-        log::warn!(
-            "bash is not installed on this system, trying to run the install script with sh (may fail)"
-        );
+        log::warn!("bash is not installed on this system, trying to run the install script with sh (may fail)");
         "sh"
     } else {
         "bash"
@@ -721,7 +725,7 @@ pub(crate) fn table(model: PathBuf, run_args: RunArgs) -> Result<String, EZKLErr
 
 pub(crate) async fn gen_witness(
     compiled_circuit_path: PathBuf,
-    data: String,
+    data: PathBuf,
     output: Option<PathBuf>,
     vk_path: Option<PathBuf>,
     srs_path: Option<PathBuf>,
@@ -729,7 +733,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn gen_witness(
     // these aren't real values so the sanity checks are mostly meaningless
 
     let mut circuit = GraphCircuit::load(compiled_circuit_path)?;
-    let data = GraphData::from_str(&data)?;
+    let data: GraphData = GraphData::from_path(data)?;
     let settings = circuit.settings().clone();
 
     let vk = if let Some(vk) = vk_path {
@@ -843,8 +847,6 @@ pub(crate) fn gen_random_data(
     data_path: PathBuf,
     variables: Vec<(String, usize)>,
     seed: u64,
-    min: Option<f32>,
-    max: Option<f32>,
 ) -> Result<String, EZKLError> {
     let mut file = std::fs::File::open(&model_path).map_err(|e| {
         crate::graph::errors::GraphError::ReadWriteFileError(
@@ -863,32 +865,22 @@ pub(crate) fn gen_random_data(
         .collect::<tract_onnx::prelude::TractResult<Vec<_>>>()
         .map_err(|e| EZKLError::from(e.to_string()))?;
 
-    let min = min.unwrap_or(0.0);
-    let max = max.unwrap_or(1.0);
-
     /// Generates a random tensor of a given size and type.
     fn random(
         sizes: &[usize],
         datum_type: tract_onnx::prelude::DatumType,
         seed: u64,
-        min: f32,
-        max: f32,
     ) -> TractTensor {
         use rand::{Rng, SeedableRng};
         let mut rng = rand::rngs::StdRng::seed_from_u64(seed);
 
         let mut tensor = TractTensor::zero::<f32>(sizes).unwrap();
         let slice = tensor.as_slice_mut::<f32>().unwrap();
-        slice.iter_mut().for_each(|x| *x = rng.gen_range(min..max));
+        slice.iter_mut().for_each(|x| *x = rng.gen());
         tensor.cast_to_dt(datum_type).unwrap().into_owned()
     }
 
-    fn tensor_for_fact(
-        fact: &tract_onnx::prelude::TypedFact,
-        seed: u64,
-        min: f32,
-        max: f32,
-    ) -> TractTensor {
+    fn tensor_for_fact(fact: &tract_onnx::prelude::TypedFact, seed: u64) -> TractTensor {
         if let Some(value) = &fact.konst {
             return value.clone().into_tensor();
         }
@@ -899,14 +891,12 @@ pub(crate) fn gen_random_data(
                 .expect("Expected concrete shape, found: {fact:?}"),
             fact.datum_type,
             seed,
-            min,
-            max,
         )
     }
 
     let generated = input_facts
         .iter()
-        .map(|v| tensor_for_fact(v, seed, min, max))
+        .map(|v| tensor_for_fact(v, seed))
         .collect_vec();
 
     let data = GraphData::from_tract_data(&generated)?;
@@ -1054,7 +1044,7 @@ impl AccuracyResults {
 #[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
 pub(crate) async fn calibrate(
     model_path: PathBuf,
-    data: String,
+    data: PathBuf,
     settings_path: PathBuf,
     target: CalibrationTarget,
     lookup_safety_margin: f64,
@@ -1068,7 +1058,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn calibrate(
 
     use crate::fieldutils::IntegerRep;
 
-    let data = GraphData::from_str(&data)?;
+    let data = GraphData::from_path(data)?;
     // load the pre-generated settings
     let settings = GraphSettings::load(&settings_path)?;
     // now retrieve the run args
@@ -1532,7 +1522,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn create_evm_data_attestation(
     settings_path: PathBuf,
     sol_code_path: PathBuf,
     abi_path: PathBuf,
-    input: String,
+    input: PathBuf,
     witness: Option<PathBuf>,
 ) -> Result<String, EZKLError> {
     #[allow(unused_imports)]
@@ -1545,31 +1535,52 @@ pub(crate) async fn create_evm_data_attestation(
     trace!("params computed");
 
     // if input is not provided, we just instantiate dummy input data
-    let data =
-        GraphData::from_str(&input).unwrap_or_else(|_| GraphData::new(DataSource::File(vec![])));
-
-    debug!("data attestation data: {:?}", data);
+    let data = GraphData::from_path(input).unwrap_or(GraphData::new(DataSource::File(vec![])));
 
     // The number of input and output instances we attest to for the single call data attestation
     let mut input_len = None;
     let mut output_len = None;
 
-    if let Some(DataSource::OnChain(source)) = data.output_data {
+    let output_data = if let Some(DataSource::OnChain(source)) = data.output_data {
         if visibility.output.is_private() {
             return Err("private output data on chain is not supported on chain".into());
         }
-        output_len = Some(source.call.decimals.len());
+        let mut on_chain_output_data = vec![];
+        match source.calls {
+            Calls::Multiple(calls) => {
+                for call in calls {
+                    on_chain_output_data.push(call);
+                }
+            }
+            Calls::Single(call) => {
+                output_len = Some(call.len);
+            }
+        }
+        Some(on_chain_output_data)
+    } else {
+        None
     };
 
-    if let DataSource::OnChain(source) = data.input_data {
+    let input_data = if let DataSource::OnChain(source) = data.input_data {
         if visibility.input.is_private() {
             return Err("private input data on chain is not supported on chain".into());
         }
-        input_len = Some(source.call.decimals.len());
+        let mut on_chain_input_data = vec![];
+        match source.calls {
+            Calls::Multiple(calls) => {
+                for call in calls {
+                    on_chain_input_data.push(call);
+                }
+            }
+            Calls::Single(call) => {
+                input_len = Some(call.len);
+            }
+        }
+        Some(on_chain_input_data)
+    } else {
+        None
     };
 
-    // If both model inputs and outputs are attested to then we
-
     // Read the settings file. Look if either the run_ars.input_visibility, run_args.output_visibility or run_args.param_visibility is KZGCommit
     // if so, then we need to load the witness
 
@@ -1590,25 +1601,33 @@ pub(crate) async fn create_evm_data_attestation(
         None
     };
 
-    let output: String = fix_da_sol(
-        commitment_bytes,
-        input_len.is_none() && output_len.is_none(),
-    )?;
-    let mut f = File::create(sol_code_path.clone())?;
-    let _ = f.write(output.as_bytes());
-    // fetch abi of the contract
-    let (abi, _, _) = get_contract_artifacts(sol_code_path, "DataAttestation", 0).await?;
-    // save abi to file
-    serde_json::to_writer(std::fs::File::create(abi_path)?, &abi)?;
+    // if either input_len or output_len is Some then we are in the single call data attestation mode
+    if input_len.is_some() || output_len.is_some() {
+        let output = fix_da_single_sol(input_len, output_len)?;
+        let mut f = File::create(sol_code_path.clone())?;
+        let _ = f.write(output.as_bytes());
+        // fetch abi of the contract
+        let (abi, _, _) = get_contract_artifacts(sol_code_path, "DataAttestationSingle", 0).await?;
+        // save abi to file
+        serde_json::to_writer(std::fs::File::create(abi_path)?, &abi)?;
+    } else {
+        let output = fix_da_multi_sol(input_data, output_data, commitment_bytes)?;
+        let mut f = File::create(sol_code_path.clone())?;
+        let _ = f.write(output.as_bytes());
+        // fetch abi of the contract
+        let (abi, _, _) = get_contract_artifacts(sol_code_path, "DataAttestationMulti", 0).await?;
+        // save abi to file
+        serde_json::to_writer(std::fs::File::create(abi_path)?, &abi)?;
+    }
 
     Ok(String::new())
 }
 
 pub(crate) async fn deploy_da_evm(
-    data: String,
+    data: PathBuf,
     settings_path: PathBuf,
     sol_code_path: PathBuf,
-    rpc_url: String,
+    rpc_url: Option<String>,
     addr_path: PathBuf,
     runs: usize,
     private_key: Option<String>,
@@ -1617,7 +1636,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn deploy_da_evm(
         settings_path,
         data,
         sol_code_path,
-        &rpc_url,
+        rpc_url.as_deref(),
         runs,
         private_key.as_deref(),
     )
@@ -1632,7 +1651,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn deploy_da_evm(
 
 pub(crate) async fn deploy_evm(
     sol_code_path: PathBuf,
-    rpc_url: String,
+    rpc_url: Option<String>,
     addr_path: PathBuf,
     runs: usize,
     private_key: Option<String>,
@@ -1645,7 +1664,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn deploy_evm(
     };
     let contract_address = deploy_contract_via_solidity(
         sol_code_path,
-        &rpc_url,
+        rpc_url.as_deref(),
         runs,
         private_key.as_deref(),
         contract_name,
@@ -1688,7 +1707,7 @@ pub(crate) fn encode_evm_calldata(
 pub(crate) async fn verify_evm(
     proof_path: PathBuf,
     addr_verifier: H160Flag,
-    rpc_url: String,
+    rpc_url: Option<String>,
     addr_da: Option<H160Flag>,
     addr_vk: Option<H160Flag>,
 ) -> Result<String, EZKLError> {
@@ -1702,7 +1721,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn verify_evm(
             addr_verifier.into(),
             addr_da.into(),
             addr_vk.map(|s| s.into()),
-            &rpc_url,
+            rpc_url.as_deref(),
         )
         .await?
     } else {
@@ -1710,7 +1729,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn verify_evm(
             proof.clone(),
             addr_verifier.into(),
             addr_vk.map(|s| s.into()),
-            &rpc_url,
+            rpc_url.as_deref(),
         )
         .await?
     };
@@ -1847,17 +1866,17 @@ pub(crate) fn setup(
     Ok(String::new())
 }
 
-pub(crate) async fn setup_test_evm_data(
-    data_path: String,
+pub(crate) async fn setup_test_evm_witness(
+    data_path: PathBuf,
     compiled_circuit_path: PathBuf,
     test_data: PathBuf,
-    rpc_url: String,
+    rpc_url: Option<String>,
     input_source: TestDataSource,
     output_source: TestDataSource,
 ) -> Result<String, EZKLError> {
     use crate::graph::TestOnChainData;
 
-    let mut data = GraphData::from_str(&data_path)?;
+    let mut data = GraphData::from_path(data_path)?;
     let mut circuit = GraphCircuit::load(compiled_circuit_path)?;
 
     // if both input and output are from files fail
@@ -1883,6 +1902,17 @@ pub(crate) async fn setup_test_evm_data(
 }
 
 use crate::pfsys::ProofType;
+pub(crate) async fn test_update_account_calls(
+    addr: H160Flag,
+    data: PathBuf,
+    rpc_url: Option<String>,
+) -> Result<String, EZKLError> {
+    use crate::eth::update_account_calls;
+
+    update_account_calls(addr.into(), data, rpc_url.as_deref()).await?;
+
+    Ok(String::new())
+}
 
 #[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
 pub(crate) fn prove(
@@ -2096,7 +2126,6 @@ pub(crate) fn mock_aggregate(
     Ok(String::new())
 }
 
-#[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
 pub(crate) fn setup_aggregate(
     sample_snarks: Vec<PathBuf>,
     vk_path: PathBuf,

src/fieldutils.rs

@@ -9,8 +9,6 @@ pub type IntegerRep = i128;
 pub fn integer_rep_to_felt<F: PrimeField>(x: IntegerRep) -> F {
     if x >= 0 {
         F::from_u128(x as u128)
-    } else if x == IntegerRep::MIN {
-        -F::from_u128(x.saturating_neg() as u128) - F::ONE
     } else {
         -F::from_u128(x.saturating_neg() as u128)
     }
@@ -34,9 +32,6 @@ pub fn felt_to_f64<F: PrimeField + PartialOrd + Field>(x: F) -> f64 {
 /// Converts a PrimeField element to an i64.
 pub fn felt_to_integer_rep<F: PrimeField + PartialOrd + Field>(x: F) -> IntegerRep {
     if x > F::from_u128(IntegerRep::MAX as u128) {
-        if x == -F::from_u128(IntegerRep::MAX as u128) - F::ONE {
-            return IntegerRep::MIN;
-        }
         let rep = (-x).to_repr();
         let negtmp: &[u8] = rep.as_ref();
         let lower_128: u128 = u128::from_le_bytes(negtmp[..16].try_into().unwrap());
@@ -56,7 +51,7 @@ mod test {
     use halo2curves::pasta::Fp as F;
 
     #[test]
-    fn integerreptofelt() {
+    fn test_conv() {
         let res: F = integer_rep_to_felt(-15);
         assert_eq!(res, -F::from(15));
 
@@ -78,20 +73,4 @@ mod test {
             assert_eq!(x, xf);
         }
     }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn felttointegerrepmin() {
-        let x = IntegerRep::MIN;
-        let fieldx: F = integer_rep_to_felt::<F>(x);
-        let xf: IntegerRep = felt_to_integer_rep::<F>(fieldx);
-        assert_eq!(x, xf);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn felttointegerrepmax() {
-        let x = IntegerRep::MAX;
-        let fieldx: F = integer_rep_to_felt::<F>(x);
-        let xf: IntegerRep = felt_to_integer_rep::<F>(fieldx);
-        assert_eq!(x, xf);
-    }
 }

src/graph/errors.rs

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ pub enum GraphError {
     #[error("a node is missing required params: {0}")]
     MissingParams(String),
     /// A node has missing parameters
-    #[error("a node has misformed params: {0}")]
+    #[error("a node is has misformed params: {0}")]
     MisformedParams(String),
     /// Error in the configuration of the visibility of variables
     #[error("there should be at least one set of public variables")]
@@ -98,6 +98,8 @@ pub enum GraphError {
         feature = "ezkl",
         not(all(target_arch = "wasm32", target_os = "unknown"))
     ))]
+    #[error("[tokio postgres] {0}")]
+    TokioPostgresError(#[from] tokio_postgres::Error),
     /// Eth error
     #[cfg(all(
         feature = "ezkl",
@@ -117,13 +119,13 @@ pub enum GraphError {
     /// Missing input for a node
     #[error("missing input for node {0}")]
     MissingInput(usize),
-    /// Ranges can only be constant
+    ///
     #[error("range only supports constant inputs in a zk circuit")]
     NonConstantRange,
-    /// Trilu diagonal must be constant
+    ///
     #[error("trilu only supports constant diagonals in a zk circuit")]
     NonConstantTrilu,
-    /// The witness was too short
+    ///
     #[error("insufficient witness values to generate a fixed output")]
     InsufficientWitnessValues,
     /// Missing scale
@@ -139,9 +141,7 @@ pub enum GraphError {
     #[error("range check {0} is too large")]
     RangeCheckTooLarge(usize),
     ///Cannot use on-chain data source as private data
-    #[error(
-        "cannot use on-chain data source as 1) output for on-chain test 2) as private data 3) as input when using wasm."
-    )]
+    #[error("cannot use on-chain data source as 1) output for on-chain test 2) as private data 3) as input when using wasm.")]
     OnChainDataSource,
     /// Missing data source
     #[error("missing data source")]
@@ -152,10 +152,4 @@ pub enum GraphError {
     /// Only nearest neighbor interpolation is supported
     #[error("only nearest neighbor interpolation is supported")]
     InvalidInterpolation,
-    /// Node has a missing output
-    #[error("node {0} has a missing output")]
-    MissingOutput(usize),
-    /// Inssuficient advice columns
-    #[error("insuficcient advice columns (need {0} at least)")]
-    InsufficientAdviceColumns(usize),
 }

src/graph/input.rs

@@ -1,15 +1,19 @@
 use super::errors::GraphError;
 use super::quantize_float;
-use crate::EZKL_BUF_CAPACITY;
 use crate::circuit::InputType;
 use crate::fieldutils::integer_rep_to_felt;
+#[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
+use crate::graph::postgres::Client;
+#[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
+use crate::tensor::Tensor;
+use crate::EZKL_BUF_CAPACITY;
 use halo2curves::bn256::Fr as Fp;
 #[cfg(feature = "python-bindings")]
-use pyo3::ToPyObject;
-#[cfg(feature = "python-bindings")]
 use pyo3::prelude::*;
 #[cfg(feature = "python-bindings")]
 use pyo3::types::PyDict;
+#[cfg(feature = "python-bindings")]
+use pyo3::ToPyObject;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Deserializer, Serialize, Serializer};
 use std::io::BufReader;
 use std::io::BufWriter;
@@ -17,103 +21,40 @@ use std::io::Read;
 use std::panic::UnwindSafe;
 #[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
 use tract_onnx::tract_core::{
-    tract_data::{TVec, prelude::Tensor as TractTensor},
+    tract_data::{prelude::Tensor as TractTensor, TVec},
     value::TValue,
 };
+#[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
+use tract_onnx::tract_hir::tract_num_traits::ToPrimitive;
 
 type Decimals = u8;
 type Call = String;
 type RPCUrl = String;
 
-/// Represents different types of values that can be stored in a file source
-/// Used for handling various input types in zero-knowledge proofs
+///
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialOrd, PartialEq)]
 pub enum FileSourceInner {
-    /// Floating point value (64-bit)
+    /// Inner elements of float inputs coming from a file
     Float(f64),
-    /// Boolean value
+    /// Inner elements of bool inputs coming from a file
     Bool(bool),
-    /// Field element value for direct use in circuits
+    /// Inner elements of inputs coming from a witness
     Field(Fp),
 }
 
 impl FileSourceInner {
-    /// Returns true if the value is a floating point number
+    ///
     pub fn is_float(&self) -> bool {
         matches!(self, FileSourceInner::Float(_))
     }
-
-    /// Returns true if the value is a boolean
+    ///
     pub fn is_bool(&self) -> bool {
         matches!(self, FileSourceInner::Bool(_))
     }
-
-    /// Returns true if the value is a field element
+    ///
     pub fn is_field(&self) -> bool {
         matches!(self, FileSourceInner::Field(_))
     }
-
-    /// Creates a new floating point value
-    pub fn new_float(f: f64) -> Self {
-        FileSourceInner::Float(f)
-    }
-
-    /// Creates a new field element value
-    pub fn new_field(f: Fp) -> Self {
-        FileSourceInner::Field(f)
-    }
-
-    /// Creates a new boolean value
-    pub fn new_bool(f: bool) -> Self {
-        FileSourceInner::Bool(f)
-    }
-
-    /// Adjusts the value according to the specified input type
-    ///
-    /// # Arguments
-    /// * `input_type` - Type specification to convert the value to
-    pub fn as_type(&mut self, input_type: &InputType) {
-        match self {
-            FileSourceInner::Float(f) => input_type.roundtrip(f),
-            FileSourceInner::Bool(_) => assert!(matches!(input_type, InputType::Bool)),
-            FileSourceInner::Field(_) => {}
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Converts the value to a field element using appropriate scaling
-    ///
-    /// # Arguments
-    /// * `scale` - Scaling factor for floating point conversion
-    pub fn to_field(&self, scale: crate::Scale) -> Fp {
-        match self {
-            FileSourceInner::Float(f) => {
-                integer_rep_to_felt(quantize_float(f, 0.0, scale).unwrap())
-            }
-            FileSourceInner::Bool(f) => {
-                if *f {
-                    Fp::one()
-                } else {
-                    Fp::zero()
-                }
-            }
-            FileSourceInner::Field(f) => *f,
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Converts the value to a floating point number
-    pub fn to_float(&self) -> f64 {
-        match self {
-            FileSourceInner::Float(f) => *f,
-            FileSourceInner::Bool(f) => {
-                if *f {
-                    1.0
-                } else {
-                    0.0
-                }
-            }
-            FileSourceInner::Field(f) => crate::fieldutils::felt_to_integer_rep(*f) as f64,
-        }
-    }
 }
 
 impl Serialize for FileSourceInner {
@@ -129,8 +70,8 @@ impl Serialize for FileSourceInner {
     }
 }
 
-// Deserialization implementation for FileSourceInner
-// Uses JSON deserialization to handle the different variants
+// !!! ALWAYS USE JSON SERIALIZATION FOR GRAPH INPUT
+// UNTAGGED ENUMS WONT WORK :( as highlighted here:
 impl<'de> Deserialize<'de> for FileSourceInner {
     fn deserialize<D>(deserializer: D) -> Result<Self, D::Error>
     where
@@ -157,48 +98,250 @@ impl<'de> Deserialize<'de> for FileSourceInner {
     }
 }
 
-/// A collection of input values from a file source
-/// Organized as a vector of vectors where each inner vector represents a row/entry
+/// Elements of inputs coming from a file
 pub type FileSource = Vec<Vec<FileSourceInner>>;
 
-/// Represents which parts of the model (input/output) are attested to on-chain
-pub type InputOutput = (bool, bool);
+impl FileSourceInner {
+    /// Create a new FileSourceInner
+    pub fn new_float(f: f64) -> Self {
+        FileSourceInner::Float(f)
+    }
+    /// Create a new FileSourceInner
+    pub fn new_field(f: Fp) -> Self {
+        FileSourceInner::Field(f)
+    }
+    /// Create a new FileSourceInner
+    pub fn new_bool(f: bool) -> Self {
+        FileSourceInner::Bool(f)
+    }
 
-/// Configuration for accessing on-chain data sources
+    ///
+    pub fn as_type(&mut self, input_type: &InputType) {
+        match self {
+            FileSourceInner::Float(f) => input_type.roundtrip(f),
+            FileSourceInner::Bool(_) => assert!(matches!(input_type, InputType::Bool)),
+            FileSourceInner::Field(_) => {}
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Convert to a field element
+    pub fn to_field(&self, scale: crate::Scale) -> Fp {
+        match self {
+            FileSourceInner::Float(f) => {
+                integer_rep_to_felt(quantize_float(f, 0.0, scale).unwrap())
+            }
+            FileSourceInner::Bool(f) => {
+                if *f {
+                    Fp::one()
+                } else {
+                    Fp::zero()
+                }
+            }
+            FileSourceInner::Field(f) => *f,
+        }
+    }
+    /// Convert to a float
+    pub fn to_float(&self) -> f64 {
+        match self {
+            FileSourceInner::Float(f) => *f,
+            FileSourceInner::Bool(f) => {
+                if *f {
+                    1.0
+                } else {
+                    0.0
+                }
+            }
+            FileSourceInner::Field(f) => crate::fieldutils::felt_to_integer_rep(*f) as f64,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Call type for attested inputs on-chain
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialOrd, PartialEq)]
+pub enum Calls {
+    /// Vector of calls to accounts, each returning an attested data point
+    Multiple(Vec<CallsToAccount>),
+    /// Single call to account, returning an array of attested data points
+    Single(CallToAccount),
+}
+
+impl Default for Calls {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Calls::Multiple(Vec::new())
+    }
+}
+/// Inner elements of inputs/outputs coming from on-chain
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, Deserialize, Serialize, Default, PartialOrd, PartialEq)]
 pub struct OnChainSource {
-    /// Call specifications for fetching data
-    pub call: CallToAccount,
-    /// RPC endpoint URL for accessing the chain
+    /// Calls to accounts
+    pub calls: Calls,
+    /// RPC url
     pub rpc: RPCUrl,
 }
 
 impl OnChainSource {
-    /// Creates a new OnChainSource
-    ///
-    /// # Arguments
-    /// * `call` - Call specification
-    /// * `rpc` - RPC endpoint URL
-    pub fn new(call: CallToAccount, rpc: RPCUrl) -> Self {
-        OnChainSource { call, rpc }
+    /// Create a new OnChainSource with multiple calls
+    pub fn new_multiple(calls: Vec<CallsToAccount>, rpc: RPCUrl) -> Self {
+        OnChainSource {
+            calls: Calls::Multiple(calls),
+            rpc,
+        }
     }
 
+    /// Create a new OnChainSource with a single call
+    pub fn new_single(call: CallToAccount, rpc: RPCUrl) -> Self {
+        OnChainSource {
+            calls: Calls::Single(call),
+            rpc,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Serialize for Calls {
+    fn serialize<S>(&self, serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
+    where
+        S: Serializer,
+    {
+        match self {
+            Calls::Single(data) => data.serialize(serializer),
+            Calls::Multiple(data) => data.serialize(serializer),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// !!! ALWAYS USE JSON SERIALIZATION FOR GRAPH INPUT
+// UNTAGGED ENUMS WONT WORK :( as highlighted here:
+impl<'de> Deserialize<'de> for Calls {
+    fn deserialize<D>(deserializer: D) -> Result<Self, D::Error>
+    where
+        D: Deserializer<'de>,
+    {
+        let this_json: Box<serde_json::value::RawValue> = Deserialize::deserialize(deserializer)?;
+
+        let multiple_try: Result<Vec<CallsToAccount>, _> = serde_json::from_str(this_json.get());
+        if let Ok(t) = multiple_try {
+            return Ok(Calls::Multiple(t));
+        }
+        let single_try: Result<CallToAccount, _> = serde_json::from_str(this_json.get());
+        if let Ok(t) = single_try {
+            return Ok(Calls::Single(t));
+        }
+
+        Err(serde::de::Error::custom(
+            "failed to deserialize FileSourceInner",
+        ))
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
+/// Inner elements of inputs/outputs coming from postgres DB
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Deserialize, Serialize, Default, PartialOrd, PartialEq)]
+pub struct PostgresSource {
+    /// postgres host
+    pub host: RPCUrl,
+    /// user to connect to postgres
+    pub user: String,
+    /// password to connect to postgres
+    pub password: String,
+    /// query to execute
+    pub query: String,
+    /// dbname
+    pub dbname: String,
+    /// port
+    pub port: String,
+}
+
+#[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
+impl PostgresSource {
+    /// Create a new PostgresSource
+    pub fn new(
+        host: RPCUrl,
+        port: String,
+        user: String,
+        query: String,
+        dbname: String,
+        password: String,
+    ) -> Self {
+        PostgresSource {
+            host,
+            user,
+            password,
+            query,
+            dbname,
+            port,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Fetch data from postgres
+    pub async fn fetch(&self) -> Result<Vec<Vec<pg_bigdecimal::PgNumeric>>, GraphError> {
+        // clone to move into thread
+        let user = self.user.clone();
+        let host = self.host.clone();
+        let query = self.query.clone();
+        let dbname = self.dbname.clone();
+        let port = self.port.clone();
+        let password = self.password.clone();
+
+        let config = if password.is_empty() {
+            format!(
+                "host={} user={} dbname={} port={}",
+                host, user, dbname, port
+            )
+        } else {
+            format!(
+                "host={} user={} dbname={} port={} password={}",
+                host, user, dbname, port, password
+            )
+        };
+
+        let mut client = Client::connect(&config).await?;
+        let mut res: Vec<pg_bigdecimal::PgNumeric> = Vec::new();
+        // extract rows from query
+        for row in client.query(&query, &[]).await? {
+            // extract features from row
+            for i in 0..row.len() {
+                res.push(row.get(i));
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(vec![res])
+    }
+
+    /// Fetch data from postgres and format it as a FileSource
+    pub async fn fetch_and_format_as_file(&self) -> Result<Vec<Vec<FileSourceInner>>, GraphError> {
+        Ok(self
+            .fetch()
+            .await?
+            .iter()
+            .map(|d| {
+                d.iter()
+                    .map(|d| {
+                        FileSourceInner::Float(
+                            d.n.as_ref()
+                                .unwrap()
+                                .to_f64()
+                                .ok_or("could not convert decimal to f64")
+                                .unwrap(),
+                        )
+                    })
+                    .collect()
+            })
+            .collect())
+    }
+}
+
+impl OnChainSource {
     #[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
-    /// Creates test data for the OnChain data source
-    /// Used for testing and development purposes
-    ///
-    /// # Arguments
-    /// * `data` - Sample file data to use
-    /// * `scales` - Scaling factors for each input
-    /// * `shapes` - Shapes of the input tensors
-    /// * `rpc` - Optional RPC endpoint override
+    /// Create dummy local on-chain data to test the OnChain data source
     pub async fn test_from_file_data(
         data: &FileSource,
         scales: Vec<crate::Scale>,
         mut shapes: Vec<Vec<usize>>,
-        rpc: &str,
-    ) -> Result<Self, GraphError> {
-        use crate::eth::{read_on_chain_inputs, test_on_chain_data};
+        rpc: Option<&str>,
+    ) -> Result<(Vec<Tensor<Fp>>, Self), GraphError> {
+        use crate::eth::{
+            evm_quantize_multi, read_on_chain_inputs_multi, test_on_chain_data,
+            DEFAULT_ANVIL_ENDPOINT,
+        };
         use log::debug;
 
         // Set up local anvil instance for reading on-chain data
@@ -212,49 +355,93 @@ impl OnChainSource {
                 shapes[idx] = vec![i.len()];
             }
         }
-        let used_rpc = rpc.to_string();
 
-        let call_to_account = test_on_chain_data(client.clone(), data).await?;
-        debug!("Call to account: {:?}", call_to_account);
-        let inputs = read_on_chain_inputs(client.clone(), client_address, &call_to_account).await?;
+        let calls_to_accounts = test_on_chain_data(client.clone(), data).await?;
+        debug!("Calls to accounts: {:?}", calls_to_accounts);
+        let inputs =
+            read_on_chain_inputs_multi(client.clone(), client_address, &calls_to_accounts).await?;
         debug!("Inputs: {:?}", inputs);
 
+        let mut quantized_evm_inputs = vec![];
+
+        let mut prev = 0;
+        for (idx, i) in data.iter().enumerate() {
+            quantized_evm_inputs.extend(
+                evm_quantize_multi(
+                    client.clone(),
+                    vec![scales[idx]; i.len()],
+                    &(
+                        inputs.0[prev..i.len()].to_vec(),
+                        inputs.1[prev..i.len()].to_vec(),
+                    ),
+                )
+                .await?,
+            );
+            prev += i.len();
+        }
+
+        // on-chain data has already been quantized at this point. Just need to reshape it and push into tensor vector
+        let mut inputs: Vec<Tensor<Fp>> = vec![];
+        for (input, shape) in [quantized_evm_inputs].iter().zip(shapes) {
+            let mut t: Tensor<Fp> = input.iter().cloned().collect();
+            t.reshape(&shape)?;
+            inputs.push(t);
+        }
+
+        let used_rpc = rpc.unwrap_or(DEFAULT_ANVIL_ENDPOINT).to_string();
+
         // Fill the input_data field of the GraphData struct
-        Ok(OnChainSource::new(call_to_account, used_rpc))
+        Ok((
+            inputs,
+            OnChainSource::new_multiple(calls_to_accounts.clone(), used_rpc),
+        ))
     }
 }
 
-/// Specification for view-only calls to fetch on-chain data
-/// Used for data attestation in smart contract verification
+/// Defines the view only calls to accounts to fetch the on-chain input data.
+/// This data will be included as part of the first elements in the publicInputs
+/// for the sol evm verifier and will be  verifyWithDataAttestation.sol
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, Deserialize, Serialize, Default, PartialOrd, PartialEq)]
 pub struct CallsToAccount {
-    /// Vector of (call data, decimals) pairs
-    /// call_data: ABI-encoded function call
-    /// decimals: Number of decimal places for float conversion
+    /// A vector of tuples, where index 0 of tuples
+    /// are the byte strings representing the ABI encoded function calls to
+    /// read the data from the address. This call must return a single
+    /// elementary type (<https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/v0.8.20/abi-spec.html#types>).
+    /// The second index of the tuple is the number of decimals for f32 conversion.
+    /// We don't support dynamic types currently.
     pub call_data: Vec<(Call, Decimals)>,
-    /// Contract address to call
+    /// Address of the contract to read the data from.
     pub address: String,
 }
 
-/// Specification for a single view-only call returning an array
+/// Defines a view only call to accounts to fetch the on-chain input data.
+/// This data will be included as part of the first elements in the publicInputs
+/// for the sol evm verifier and will be  verifyWithDataAttestation.sol
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, Deserialize, Serialize, Default, PartialOrd, PartialEq)]
 pub struct CallToAccount {
-    /// ABI-encoded function call data
+    /// The call_data is a byte strings representing the ABI encoded function call to
+    /// read the data from the address. This call must return a single array of integers that can be
+    /// be safely cast to the int128 type in solidity.
     pub call_data: Call,
-    /// Number of decimal places for float conversion
-    pub decimals: Vec<Decimals>,
-    /// Contract address to call
+    /// The number of decimals for f32 conversion of all of the elements returned from the
+    /// call.
+    pub decimals: Decimals,
+    /// Address of the contract to read the data from.
     pub address: String,
+    /// The number of elements returned from the call.
+    pub len: usize,
 }
-
-/// Represents different sources of input/output data for the EZKL model
+/// Enum that defines source of the inputs/outputs to the EZKL model
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize, PartialOrd, PartialEq)]
 #[serde(untagged)]
 pub enum DataSource {
-    /// Data from a JSON file containing arrays of values
+    /// .json File data source.
     File(FileSource),
-    /// Data fetched from blockchain contracts
+    /// On-chain data source. The first element is the calls to the account, and the second is the RPC url.
     OnChain(OnChainSource),
+    /// Postgres DB
+    #[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
+    DB(PostgresSource),
 }
 
 impl Default for DataSource {
@@ -295,7 +482,8 @@ impl From<OnChainSource> for DataSource {
     }
 }
 
-// Note: Always use JSON serialization for untagged enums
+// !!! ALWAYS USE JSON SERIALIZATION FOR GRAPH INPUT
+// UNTAGGED ENUMS WONT WORK :( as highlighted here:
 impl<'de> Deserialize<'de> for DataSource {
     fn deserialize<D>(deserializer: D) -> Result<Self, D::Error>
     where
@@ -303,45 +491,43 @@ impl<'de> Deserialize<'de> for DataSource {
     {
         let this_json: Box<serde_json::value::RawValue> = Deserialize::deserialize(deserializer)?;
 
-        // Try deserializing as FileSource first
         let first_try: Result<FileSource, _> = serde_json::from_str(this_json.get());
+
         if let Ok(t) = first_try {
             return Ok(DataSource::File(t));
         }
-
-        // Try deserializing as OnChainSource
         let second_try: Result<OnChainSource, _> = serde_json::from_str(this_json.get());
         if let Ok(t) = second_try {
             return Ok(DataSource::OnChain(t));
         }
+        #[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
+        {
+            let third_try: Result<PostgresSource, _> = serde_json::from_str(this_json.get());
+            if let Ok(t) = third_try {
+                return Ok(DataSource::DB(t));
+            }
+        }
 
         Err(serde::de::Error::custom("failed to deserialize DataSource"))
     }
 }
 
-/// Container for input and output data for graph computations
-///
-/// Important: Always use JSON serialization for GraphData to handle enum variants correctly
+/// Input to graph as a datasource
+/// Always use JSON serialization for GraphData. Seriously.
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, Deserialize, Default, PartialEq, Serialize)]
 pub struct GraphData {
-    /// Input data for the model/graph
-    /// Can be empty if inputs come from on-chain sources
+    /// Inputs to the model / computational graph (can be empty vectors if inputs are coming from on-chain).
     pub input_data: DataSource,
-
-    /// Optional output data for the model/graph
-    /// Can be empty if outputs come from on-chain sources
+    /// Outputs of the model / computational graph (can be empty vectors if outputs are coming from on-chain).
     pub output_data: Option<DataSource>,
 }
 
 impl UnwindSafe for GraphData {}
 
 impl GraphData {
+    // not wasm
     #[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
-    /// Converts the input data to tract's tensor format
-    ///
-    /// # Arguments
-    /// * `shapes` - Expected shapes for each input tensor
-    /// * `datum_types` - Expected data types for each input
+    /// Convert the input data to tract data
     pub fn to_tract_data(
         &self,
         shapes: &[Vec<usize>],
@@ -364,20 +550,15 @@ impl GraphData {
                 return Err(GraphError::InvalidDims(
                     0,
                     "non file data cannot be split into batches".to_string(),
-                ));
+                ))
             }
         }
         Ok(inputs)
     }
 
+    // not wasm
     #[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
-    /// Converts tract tensor data into GraphData format
-    ///
-    /// # Arguments
-    /// * `tensors` - Array of tract tensors to convert
-    ///
-    /// # Returns
-    /// A new GraphData instance containing the converted tensor data
+    /// Convert the tract data to tract data
     pub fn from_tract_data(tensors: &[TractTensor]) -> Result<Self, GraphError> {
         use tract_onnx::prelude::DatumType;
 
@@ -403,10 +584,7 @@ impl GraphData {
         })
     }
 
-    /// Creates a new GraphData instance with given input data
     ///
-    /// # Arguments
-    /// * `input_data` - The input data source
     pub fn new(input_data: DataSource) -> Self {
         GraphData {
             input_data,
@@ -414,34 +592,7 @@ impl GraphData {
         }
     }
 
-    /// Loads graph input data from a string, first seeing if it is a file path or JSON data
-    /// If it is a file path, it will load the data from the file
-    /// Otherwise, it will attempt to parse the string as JSON data
-    ///
-    /// # Arguments
-    /// * `data` - String containing the input data
-    /// # Returns
-    /// A new GraphData instance containing the loaded data
-    pub fn from_str(data: &str) -> Result<Self, GraphError> {
-        let graph_input = serde_json::from_str(data);
-        match graph_input {
-            Ok(graph_input) => {
-                return Ok(graph_input);
-            }
-            Err(_) => {
-                let path = std::path::PathBuf::from(data);
-                GraphData::from_path(path)
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Loads graph input data from a file
-    ///
-    /// # Arguments
-    /// * `path` - Path to the input file
-    ///
-    /// # Returns
-    /// A new GraphData instance containing the loaded data
+    /// Load the model input from a file
     pub fn from_path(path: std::path::PathBuf) -> Result<Self, GraphError> {
         let reader = std::fs::File::open(&path).map_err(|e| {
             GraphError::ReadWriteFileError(path.display().to_string(), e.to_string())
@@ -455,35 +606,23 @@ impl GraphData {
         Ok(graph_input)
     }
 
-    /// Saves the graph data to a file
-    ///
-    /// # Arguments
-    /// * `path` - Path where to save the data
+    /// Save the model input to a file
     pub fn save(&self, path: std::path::PathBuf) -> Result<(), GraphError> {
         let file = std::fs::File::create(path.clone()).map_err(|e| {
             GraphError::ReadWriteFileError(path.display().to_string(), e.to_string())
         })?;
+        // buf writer
         let writer = BufWriter::with_capacity(*EZKL_BUF_CAPACITY, file);
         serde_json::to_writer(writer, self)?;
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    /// Splits the input data into multiple batches based on input shapes
     ///
-    /// # Arguments
-    /// * `input_shapes` - Vector of shapes for each input tensor
-    ///
-    /// # Returns
-    /// Vector of GraphData instances, one for each batch
-    ///
-    /// # Errors
-    /// Returns error if:
-    /// - Data is from on-chain source
-    /// - Input size is not evenly divisible by batch size
     pub async fn split_into_batches(
         &self,
         input_shapes: Vec<Vec<usize>>,
     ) -> Result<Vec<Self>, GraphError> {
+        // split input data into batches
         let mut batched_inputs = vec![];
 
         let iterable = match self {
@@ -498,28 +637,26 @@ impl GraphData {
                 return Err(GraphError::InvalidDims(
                     0,
                     "on-chain data cannot be split into batches".to_string(),
-                ));
+                ))
             }
+            #[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
+            GraphData {
+                input_data: DataSource::DB(data),
+                output_data: _,
+            } => data.fetch_and_format_as_file().await?,
         };
 
-        // Process each input tensor according to its shape
         for (i, shape) in input_shapes.iter().enumerate() {
+            // ensure the input is evenly divisible by batch_size
             let input_size = shape.clone().iter().product::<usize>();
             let input = &iterable[i];
-
-            // Validate input size is divisible by batch size
             if input.len() % input_size != 0 {
                 return Err(GraphError::InvalidDims(
                     0,
-                    format!(
-                        "calibration data length (={}) must be evenly divisible by the original input_size(={})",
-                        input.len(),
-                        input_size
-                    ),
+                    "calibration data length must be evenly divisible by the original input_size"
+                        .to_string(),
                 ));
             }
-
-            // Split input into batches
             let mut batches = vec![];
             for batch in input.chunks(input_size) {
                 batches.push(batch.to_vec());
@@ -527,18 +664,18 @@ impl GraphData {
             batched_inputs.push(batches);
         }
 
-        // Merge batches across inputs
+        // now merge all the batches for each input into a vector of batches
+        // first assert each input has the same number of batches
         let num_batches = if batched_inputs.is_empty() {
             0
         } else {
             let num_batches = batched_inputs[0].len();
-            // Verify all inputs have same number of batches
             for input in batched_inputs.iter() {
                 assert_eq!(input.len(), num_batches);
             }
             num_batches
         };
-
+        // now merge the batches
         let mut input_batches = vec![];
         for i in 0..num_batches {
             let mut batch = vec![];
@@ -548,12 +685,11 @@ impl GraphData {
             input_batches.push(DataSource::File(batch));
         }
 
-        // Ensure at least one batch exists
         if input_batches.is_empty() {
             input_batches.push(DataSource::File(vec![vec![]]));
         }
 
-        // Create GraphData instance for each batch
+        // create a new GraphWitness for each batch
         let batches = input_batches
             .into_iter()
             .map(GraphData::new)
@@ -563,51 +699,13 @@ impl GraphData {
     }
 }
 
-// Additional Python bindings for various types...
-
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod tests {
-    use super::*;
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_data_source_serialization_round_trip() {
-        // Test backwards compatibility with old format
-        let source = DataSource::from(vec![vec![0.053_262_424, 0.074_970_566, 0.052_355_476]]);
-        let serialized = serde_json::to_string(&source).unwrap();
-        const JSON: &str = r#"[[0.053262424,0.074970566,0.052355476]]"#;
-        assert_eq!(serialized, JSON);
-
-        let expect = serde_json::from_str::<DataSource>(JSON)
-            .map_err(|e| e.to_string())
-            .unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(expect, source);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_graph_input_serialization_round_trip() {
-        // Test serialization/deserialization of graph input
-        let file = GraphData::new(DataSource::from(vec![vec![
-            0.05326242372393608,
-            0.07497056573629379,
-            0.05235547572374344,
-        ]]));
-
-        let serialized = serde_json::to_string(&file).unwrap();
-        const JSON: &str = r#"{"input_data":[[0.05326242372393608,0.07497056573629379,0.05235547572374344]],"output_data":null}"#;
-        assert_eq!(serialized, JSON);
-
-        let graph_input3 = serde_json::from_str::<GraphData>(JSON)
-            .map_err(|e| e.to_string())
-            .unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(graph_input3, file);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_python_compat() {
-        // Test compatibility with mclbn256 library serialization
-        let source = Fp::from_raw([18445520602771460712, 838677322461845011, 3079992810, 0]);
-        let original_addr = "0x000000000000000000000000b794f5ea0ba39494ce839613fffba74279579268";
-        assert_eq!(format!("{:?}", source), original_addr);
+#[cfg(feature = "python-bindings")]
+impl ToPyObject for CallsToAccount {
+    fn to_object(&self, py: Python) -> PyObject {
+        let dict = PyDict::new(py);
+        dict.set_item("account", &self.address).unwrap();
+        dict.set_item("call_data", &self.call_data).unwrap();
+        dict.to_object(py)
     }
 }
 
@@ -618,10 +716,21 @@ impl ToPyObject for CallToAccount {
         dict.set_item("account", &self.address).unwrap();
         dict.set_item("call_data", &self.call_data).unwrap();
         dict.set_item("decimals", &self.decimals).unwrap();
+        dict.set_item("len", &self.len).unwrap();
         dict.to_object(py)
     }
 }
 
+#[cfg(feature = "python-bindings")]
+impl ToPyObject for Calls {
+    fn to_object(&self, py: Python) -> PyObject {
+        match self {
+            Calls::Multiple(calls) => calls.to_object(py),
+            Calls::Single(call) => call.to_object(py),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 #[cfg(feature = "python-bindings")]
 impl ToPyObject for DataSource {
     fn to_object(&self, py: Python) -> PyObject {
@@ -630,10 +739,17 @@ impl ToPyObject for DataSource {
             DataSource::OnChain(source) => {
                 let dict = PyDict::new(py);
                 dict.set_item("rpc_url", &source.rpc).unwrap();
-                dict.set_item("calls_to_accounts", &source.call.to_object(py))
+                dict.set_item("calls_to_accounts", &source.calls.to_object(py))
                     .unwrap();
                 dict.to_object(py)
             }
+            DataSource::DB(source) => {
+                let dict = PyDict::new(py);
+                dict.set_item("host", &source.host).unwrap();
+                dict.set_item("user", &source.user).unwrap();
+                dict.set_item("query", &source.query).unwrap();
+                dict.to_object(py)
+            }
         }
     }
 }
@@ -651,3 +767,57 @@ impl ToPyObject for FileSourceInner {
         }
     }
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    // this is for backwards compatibility with the old format
+    fn test_data_source_serialization_round_trip() {
+        let source = DataSource::from(vec![vec![0.053_262_424, 0.074_970_566, 0.052_355_476]]);
+
+        let serialized = serde_json::to_string(&source).unwrap();
+
+        const JSON: &str = r#"[[0.053262424,0.074970566,0.052355476]]"#;
+
+        assert_eq!(serialized, JSON);
+
+        let expect = serde_json::from_str::<DataSource>(JSON)
+            .map_err(|e| e.to_string())
+            .unwrap();
+
+        assert_eq!(expect, source);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    // this is for backwards compatibility with the old format
+    fn test_graph_input_serialization_round_trip() {
+        let file = GraphData::new(DataSource::from(vec![vec![
+            0.05326242372393608,
+            0.07497056573629379,
+            0.05235547572374344,
+        ]]));
+
+        let serialized = serde_json::to_string(&file).unwrap();
+
+        const JSON: &str = r#"{"input_data":[[0.05326242372393608,0.07497056573629379,0.05235547572374344]],"output_data":null}"#;
+
+        assert_eq!(serialized, JSON);
+
+        let graph_input3 = serde_json::from_str::<GraphData>(JSON)
+            .map_err(|e| e.to_string())
+            .unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(graph_input3, file);
+    }
+
+    //  test for the compatibility with the serialized elements from the mclbn256 library
+    #[test]
+    fn test_python_compat() {
+        let source = Fp::from_raw([18445520602771460712, 838677322461845011, 3079992810, 0]);
+
+        let original_addr = "0x000000000000000000000000b794f5ea0ba39494ce839613fffba74279579268";
+
+        assert_eq!(format!("{:?}", source), original_addr);
+    }
+}

src/graph/mod.rs

@@ -6,6 +6,9 @@ pub mod model;
 pub mod modules;
 /// Inner elements of a computational graph that represent a single operation / constraints.
 pub mod node;
+/// postgres helper functions
+#[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
+pub mod postgres;
 /// Helper functions
 pub mod utilities;
 /// Representations of a computational graph's variables.
@@ -33,12 +36,12 @@ use self::modules::{GraphModules, ModuleConfigs, ModuleForwardResult, ModuleSize
 use crate::circuit::lookup::LookupOp;
 use crate::circuit::modules::ModulePlanner;
 use crate::circuit::region::{ConstantsMap, RegionSettings};
-use crate::circuit::table::{RESERVED_BLINDING_ROWS_PAD, Range, Table, num_cols_required};
+use crate::circuit::table::{num_cols_required, Range, Table, RESERVED_BLINDING_ROWS_PAD};
 use crate::circuit::{CheckMode, InputType};
-use crate::fieldutils::{IntegerRep, felt_to_f64};
+use crate::fieldutils::{felt_to_f64, IntegerRep};
 use crate::pfsys::PrettyElements;
 use crate::tensor::{Tensor, ValTensor};
-use crate::{EZKL_BUF_CAPACITY, RunArgs};
+use crate::{RunArgs, EZKL_BUF_CAPACITY};
 
 use halo2_proofs::{
     circuit::Layouter,
@@ -53,13 +56,13 @@ use maybe_rayon::prelude::{IntoParallelRefIterator, ParallelIterator};
 pub use model::*;
 pub use node::*;
 #[cfg(feature = "python-bindings")]
-use pyo3::ToPyObject;
-#[cfg(feature = "python-bindings")]
 use pyo3::prelude::*;
 #[cfg(feature = "python-bindings")]
 use pyo3::types::PyDict;
 #[cfg(feature = "python-bindings")]
 use pyo3::types::PyDictMethods;
+#[cfg(feature = "python-bindings")]
+use pyo3::ToPyObject;
 
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use std::ops::Deref;
@@ -452,10 +455,6 @@ pub struct GraphSettings {
     pub num_blinding_factors: Option<usize>,
     /// unix time timestamp
     pub timestamp: Option<u128>,
-    /// Model inputs types (if any)
-    pub input_types: Option<Vec<InputType>>,
-    /// Model outputs types (if any)
-    pub output_types: Option<Vec<InputType>>,
 }
 
 impl GraphSettings {
@@ -620,6 +619,11 @@ impl GraphSettings {
         }
     }
 
+    ///
+    pub fn uses_modules(&self) -> bool {
+        !self.module_sizes.max_constraints() > 0
+    }
+
     /// if any visibility is encrypted or hashed
     pub fn module_requires_fixed(&self) -> bool {
         self.run_args.input_visibility.is_hashed()
@@ -761,8 +765,8 @@ pub struct TestOnChainData {
     /// The path to the test witness
     pub data: std::path::PathBuf,
     /// rpc endpoint
-    pub rpc: String,
-    /// data sources for the on chain data
+    pub rpc: Option<String>,
+    ///
     pub data_sources: TestSources,
 }
 
@@ -950,7 +954,7 @@ impl GraphCircuit {
             DataSource::File(file_data) => {
                 self.load_file_data(file_data, &shapes, scales, input_types)
             }
-            _ => Err(GraphError::OnChainDataSource),
+            _ => unreachable!("cannot load from on-chain data"),
         }
     }
 
@@ -1008,6 +1012,10 @@ impl GraphCircuit {
             DataSource::File(file_data) => {
                 self.load_file_data(file_data, &shapes, scales, input_types)
             }
+            DataSource::DB(pg) => {
+                let data = pg.fetch_and_format_as_file().await?;
+                self.load_file_data(&data, &shapes, scales, input_types)
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -1019,11 +1027,24 @@ impl GraphCircuit {
         shapes: &Vec<Vec<usize>>,
         scales: Vec<crate::Scale>,
     ) -> Result<Vec<Tensor<Fp>>, GraphError> {
-        use crate::eth::{evm_quantize, read_on_chain_inputs, setup_eth_backend};
-        let (client, client_address) = setup_eth_backend(&source.rpc, None).await?;
-        let input = read_on_chain_inputs(client.clone(), client_address, &source.call).await?;
-        let quantized_evm_inputs =
-            evm_quantize(client, scales, &input, &source.call.decimals).await?;
+        use crate::eth::{
+            evm_quantize_multi, evm_quantize_single, read_on_chain_inputs_multi,
+            read_on_chain_inputs_single, setup_eth_backend,
+        };
+        let (client, client_address) = setup_eth_backend(Some(&source.rpc), None).await?;
+        let quantized_evm_inputs = match source.calls {
+            input::Calls::Single(call) => {
+                let (inputs, decimals) =
+                    read_on_chain_inputs_single(client.clone(), client_address, call).await?;
+
+                evm_quantize_single(client, scales, &inputs, decimals).await?
+            }
+            input::Calls::Multiple(calls) => {
+                let inputs =
+                    read_on_chain_inputs_multi(client.clone(), client_address, &calls).await?;
+                evm_quantize_multi(client, scales, &inputs).await?
+            }
+        };
         // on-chain data has already been quantized at this point. Just need to reshape it and push into tensor vector
         let mut inputs: Vec<Tensor<Fp>> = vec![];
         for (input, shape) in [quantized_evm_inputs].iter().zip(shapes) {
@@ -1424,8 +1445,6 @@ impl GraphCircuit {
         let output_scales = self.model().graph.get_output_scales()?;
         let input_shapes = self.model().graph.input_shapes()?;
         let output_shapes = self.model().graph.output_shapes()?;
-        let mut input_data = None;
-        let mut output_data = None;
 
         if matches!(
             test_on_chain_data.data_sources.input,
@@ -1436,12 +1455,23 @@ impl GraphCircuit {
                 return Err(GraphError::OnChainDataSource);
             }
 
-            input_data = match &data.input_data {
-                DataSource::File(input_data) => Some(input_data),
+            let input_data = match &data.input_data {
+                DataSource::File(input_data) => input_data,
                 _ => {
-                    return Err(GraphError::MissingDataSource);
+                    return Err(GraphError::OnChainDataSource);
                 }
             };
+            // Get the flatten length of input_data
+            // if the input source is a field then set scale to 0
+
+            let datam: (Vec<Tensor<Fp>>, OnChainSource) = OnChainSource::test_from_file_data(
+                input_data,
+                input_scales,
+                input_shapes,
+                test_on_chain_data.rpc.as_deref(),
+            )
+            .await?;
+            data.input_data = datam.1.into();
         }
         if matches!(
             test_on_chain_data.data_sources.output,
@@ -1452,39 +1482,20 @@ impl GraphCircuit {
                 return Err(GraphError::OnChainDataSource);
             }
 
-            output_data = match &data.output_data {
-                Some(DataSource::File(output_data)) => Some(output_data),
+            let output_data = match &data.output_data {
+                Some(DataSource::File(output_data)) => output_data,
+                Some(DataSource::OnChain(_)) => return Err(GraphError::OnChainDataSource),
                 _ => return Err(GraphError::MissingDataSource),
             };
+            let datum: (Vec<Tensor<Fp>>, OnChainSource) = OnChainSource::test_from_file_data(
+                output_data,
+                output_scales,
+                output_shapes,
+                test_on_chain_data.rpc.as_deref(),
+            )
+            .await?;
+            data.output_data = Some(datum.1.into());
         }
-        // Merge the input and output data
-        let mut file_data: Vec<Vec<input::FileSourceInner>> = vec![];
-        let mut scales: Vec<crate::Scale> = vec![];
-        let mut shapes: Vec<Vec<usize>> = vec![];
-        if let Some(input_data) = input_data {
-            file_data.extend(input_data.clone());
-            scales.extend(input_scales.clone());
-            shapes.extend(input_shapes.clone());
-        }
-        if let Some(output_data) = output_data {
-            file_data.extend(output_data.clone());
-            scales.extend(output_scales.clone());
-            shapes.extend(output_shapes.clone());
-        };
-        // print file data
-        debug!("file data: {:?}", file_data);
-
-        let on_chain_data: OnChainSource =
-            OnChainSource::test_from_file_data(&file_data, scales, shapes, &test_on_chain_data.rpc)
-                .await?;
-        // Here we update the GraphData struct with the on-chain data
-        if input_data.is_some() {
-            data.input_data = on_chain_data.clone().into();
-        }
-        if output_data.is_some() {
-            data.output_data = Some(on_chain_data.into());
-        }
-        debug!("test on-chain data: {:?}", data);
         // Save the updated GraphData struct to the data_path
         data.save(test_on_chain_data.data)?;
         Ok(())

src/graph/model.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 use super::errors::GraphError;
 use super::extract_const_quantized_values;
 use super::node::*;
+use super::scale_to_multiplier;
 use super::vars::*;
 use super::GraphSettings;
 use crate::circuit::hybrid::HybridOp;
@@ -378,18 +379,13 @@ pub struct ParsedNodes {
     pub nodes: BTreeMap<usize, NodeType>,
     inputs: Vec<usize>,
     outputs: Vec<Outlet>,
-    output_types: Vec<InputType>,
 }
 
 impl ParsedNodes {
-    /// Returns the output types of the computational graph.
-    pub fn get_output_types(&self) -> Vec<InputType> {
-        self.output_types.clone()
-    }
-
     /// Returns the number of the computational graph's inputs
     pub fn num_inputs(&self) -> usize {
-        self.inputs.len()
+        let input_nodes = self.inputs.iter();
+        input_nodes.len()
     }
 
     /// Input types
@@ -429,7 +425,8 @@ impl ParsedNodes {
 
     /// Returns the number of the computational graph's outputs
     pub fn num_outputs(&self) -> usize {
-        self.outputs.len()
+        let output_nodes = self.outputs.iter();
+        output_nodes.len()
     }
 
     /// Returns shapes of the computational graph's outputs
@@ -496,16 +493,6 @@ impl Model {
         Ok(om)
     }
 
-    /// Gets the input types from the parsed nodes
-    pub fn get_input_types(&self) -> Result<Vec<InputType>, GraphError> {
-        self.graph.get_input_types()
-    }
-
-    /// Gets the output types from the parsed nodes
-    pub fn get_output_types(&self) -> Vec<InputType> {
-        self.graph.get_output_types()
-    }
-
     ///
     pub fn save(&self, path: PathBuf) -> Result<(), GraphError> {
         let f = std::fs::File::create(&path).map_err(|e| {
@@ -589,11 +576,6 @@ impl Model {
             required_range_checks: res.range_checks.into_iter().collect(),
             model_output_scales: self.graph.get_output_scales()?,
             model_input_scales: self.graph.get_input_scales(),
-            input_types: match self.get_input_types() {
-                Ok(x) => Some(x),
-                Err(_) => None,
-            },
-            output_types: Some(self.get_output_types()),
             num_dynamic_lookups: res.num_dynamic_lookups,
             total_dynamic_col_size: res.dynamic_lookup_col_coord,
             num_shuffles: res.num_shuffles,
@@ -652,10 +634,6 @@ impl Model {
 
         for (i, id) in model.clone().inputs.iter().enumerate() {
             let input = model.node_mut(id.node);
-
-            if input.outputs.len() == 0 {
-                return Err(GraphError::MissingOutput(id.node));
-            }
             let mut fact: InferenceFact = input.outputs[0].fact.clone();
 
             for (i, x) in fact.clone().shape.dims().enumerate() {
@@ -724,11 +702,6 @@ impl Model {
             nodes,
             inputs: model.inputs.iter().map(|o| o.node).collect(),
             outputs: model.outputs.iter().map(|o| (o.node, o.slot)).collect(),
-            output_types: model
-                .outputs
-                .iter()
-                .map(|o| Ok::<InputType, GraphError>(model.outlet_fact(*o)?.datum_type.into()))
-                .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, GraphError>>()?,
         };
 
         let duration = start_time.elapsed();
@@ -887,15 +860,6 @@ impl Model {
                         nodes: subgraph_nodes,
                         inputs: model.inputs.iter().map(|o| o.node).collect(),
                         outputs: model.outputs.iter().map(|o| (o.node, o.slot)).collect(),
-                        output_types: model
-                            .outputs
-                            .iter()
-                            .map(|o| {
-                                Ok::<InputType, GraphError>(
-                                    model.outlet_fact(*o)?.datum_type.into(),
-                                )
-                            })
-                            .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, GraphError>>()?,
                     };
 
                     let om = Model {
@@ -942,7 +906,6 @@ impl Model {
                             n.opkind = SupportedOp::Input(Input {
                                 scale,
                                 datum_type: inp.datum_type,
-                                decomp: !run_args.ignore_range_check_inputs_outputs,
                             });
                             input_idx += 1;
                             n.out_scale = scale;
@@ -1053,10 +1016,6 @@ impl Model {
         let required_lookups = settings.required_lookups.clone();
         let required_range_checks = settings.required_range_checks.clone();
 
-        if vars.advices.len() < 3 {
-            return Err(GraphError::InsufficientAdviceColumns(3));
-        }
-
         let mut base_gate = PolyConfig::configure(
             meta,
             vars.advices[0..2].try_into()?,
@@ -1076,10 +1035,6 @@ impl Model {
         }
 
         if settings.requires_dynamic_lookup() {
-            if vars.advices.len() < 6 {
-                return Err(GraphError::InsufficientAdviceColumns(6));
-            }
-
             base_gate.configure_dynamic_lookup(
                 meta,
                 vars.advices[0..3].try_into()?,
@@ -1088,9 +1043,6 @@ impl Model {
         }
 
         if settings.requires_shuffle() {
-            if vars.advices.len() < 6 {
-                return Err(GraphError::InsufficientAdviceColumns(6));
-            }
             base_gate.configure_shuffles(
                 meta,
                 vars.advices[0..3].try_into()?,
@@ -1109,7 +1061,6 @@ impl Model {
     /// * `vars` - The variables for the circuit.
     /// * `witnessed_outputs` - The values to compare against.
     /// * `constants` - The constants for the circuit.
-    #[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
     pub fn layout(
         &self,
         mut config: ModelConfig,
@@ -1172,10 +1123,17 @@ impl Model {
                     })?;
 
                 if run_args.output_visibility.is_public() || run_args.output_visibility.is_fixed() {
+                    let output_scales = self.graph.get_output_scales().map_err(|e| {
+                        error!("{}", e);
+                        halo2_proofs::plonk::Error::Synthesis
+                    })?;
                     let res = outputs
                         .iter()
                         .enumerate()
                         .map(|(i, output)| {
+                            let mut tolerance = run_args.tolerance;
+                            tolerance.scale = scale_to_multiplier(output_scales[i]).into();
+
                             let comparators = if run_args.output_visibility == Visibility::Public {
                                 let res = vars
                                     .instance
@@ -1197,9 +1155,7 @@ impl Model {
                                 .layout(
                                     &mut thread_safe_region,
                                     &[output.clone(), comparators],
-                                    Box::new(HybridOp::Output {
-                                        decomp: !run_args.ignore_range_check_inputs_outputs,
-                                    }),
+                                    Box::new(HybridOp::RangeCheck(tolerance)),
                                 )
                                 .map_err(|e| e.into())
                         })
@@ -1459,9 +1415,11 @@ impl Model {
         let outputs = self.layout_nodes(&mut model_config, &mut region, &mut results)?;
 
         if self.visibility.output.is_public() || self.visibility.output.is_fixed() {
+            let output_scales = self.graph.get_output_scales()?;
             let res = outputs
                 .iter()
-                .map(|output| {
+                .enumerate()
+                .map(|(i, output)| {
                     let mut comparator: ValTensor<Fp> = (0..output.len())
                         .map(|_| {
                             if !self.visibility.output.is_fixed() {
@@ -1474,12 +1432,13 @@ impl Model {
                         .into();
                     comparator.reshape(output.dims())?;
 
+                    let mut tolerance = run_args.tolerance;
+                    tolerance.scale = scale_to_multiplier(output_scales[i]).into();
+
                     dummy_config.layout(
                         &mut region,
                         &[output.clone(), comparator],
-                        Box::new(HybridOp::Output {
-                            decomp: !run_args.ignore_range_check_inputs_outputs,
-                        }),
+                        Box::new(HybridOp::RangeCheck(tolerance)),
                     )
                 })
                 .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>();
@@ -1501,7 +1460,7 @@ impl Model {
             .iter()
             .map(|x| {
                 x.get_felt_evals()
-                    .unwrap_or_else(|_| Tensor::new(Some(&[Fp::ZERO]), &[1]).unwrap())
+                    .unwrap_or(Tensor::new(Some(&[Fp::ZERO]), &[1]).unwrap())
             })
             .collect();
 
@@ -1571,7 +1530,6 @@ impl Model {
                         let mut op = crate::circuit::Constant::new(
                             c.quantized_values.clone(),
                             c.raw_values.clone(),
-                            c.decomp,
                         );
                         op.pre_assign(consts[const_idx].clone());
                         n.opkind = SupportedOp::Constant(op);
@@ -1599,16 +1557,4 @@ impl Model {
         }
         Ok(instance_shapes)
     }
-
-    /// Input types of the computational graph's public inputs (if any)
-    pub fn instance_types(&self) -> Result<Vec<InputType>, GraphError> {
-        let mut instance_types = vec![];
-        if self.visibility.input.is_public() {
-            instance_types.extend(self.graph.get_input_types()?);
-        }
-        if self.visibility.output.is_public() {
-            instance_types.extend(self.graph.get_output_types());
-        }
-        Ok(instance_types)
-    }
 }

src/graph/modules.rs

@@ -14,11 +14,14 @@ use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use super::errors::GraphError;
 use super::{VarVisibility, Visibility};
 
+/// poseidon len to hash in tree
+pub const POSEIDON_LEN_GRAPH: usize = 32;
 /// Poseidon number of instances
 pub const POSEIDON_INSTANCES: usize = 1;
 
 /// Poseidon module type
-pub type ModulePoseidon = PoseidonChip<PoseidonSpec, POSEIDON_WIDTH, POSEIDON_RATE>;
+pub type ModulePoseidon =
+    PoseidonChip<PoseidonSpec, POSEIDON_WIDTH, POSEIDON_RATE, POSEIDON_LEN_GRAPH>;
 /// Poseidon module config
 pub type ModulePoseidonConfig = PoseidonConfig<POSEIDON_WIDTH, POSEIDON_RATE>;
 
@@ -281,6 +284,7 @@ impl GraphModules {
                 log::error!("Poseidon config not initialized");
                 return Err(Error::Synthesis);
             }
+            // If the module is encrypted, then we need to encrypt the inputs
         }
 
         Ok(())

src/graph/node.rs

@@ -1,19 +1,10 @@
-// Import dependencies for scaling operations
 use super::scale_to_multiplier;
-
-// Import ONNX-specific utilities when EZKL feature is enabled
 #[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
 use super::utilities::node_output_shapes;
-
-// Import scale management types for EZKL
 #[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
 use super::VarScales;
-
-// Import visibility settings for EZKL
 #[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
 use super::Visibility;
-
-// Import operation types for different circuit components
 use crate::circuit::hybrid::HybridOp;
 use crate::circuit::lookup::LookupOp;
 use crate::circuit::poly::PolyOp;
@@ -22,49 +13,28 @@ use crate::circuit::Constant;
 use crate::circuit::Input;
 use crate::circuit::Op;
 use crate::circuit::Unknown;
-
-// Import graph error types for EZKL
 #[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
 use crate::graph::errors::GraphError;
-
-// Import ONNX operation conversion utilities
 #[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
 use crate::graph::new_op_from_onnx;
-
-// Import tensor error handling
 use crate::tensor::TensorError;
-
-// Import curve-specific field type
 use halo2curves::bn256::Fr as Fp;
-
-// Import logging for EZKL
 #[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
 use log::trace;
-
-// Import serialization traits
 use serde::Deserialize;
 use serde::Serialize;
-
-// Import data structures for EZKL
 #[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
 use std::collections::BTreeMap;
-
-// Import formatting traits for EZKL
 #[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
 use std::fmt;
-
-// Import table display formatting for EZKL
 #[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
 use tabled::Tabled;
-
-// Import ONNX-specific types and traits for EZKL
 #[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
 use tract_onnx::{
     self,
     prelude::{Node as OnnxNode, SymbolValues, TypedFact, TypedOp},
 };
 
-/// Helper function to format vectors for display
 #[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
 fn display_vector<T: fmt::Debug>(v: &Vec<T>) -> String {
     if !v.is_empty() {
@@ -74,35 +44,29 @@ fn display_vector<T: fmt::Debug>(v: &Vec<T>) -> String {
     }
 }
 
-/// Helper function to format operation kinds for display
 #[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
 fn display_opkind(v: &SupportedOp) -> String {
     v.as_string()
 }
 
-/// A wrapper for an operation that has been rescaled to handle different precision requirements.
-/// This enables operations to work with inputs that have been scaled to different fixed-point representations.
+/// A wrapper for an operation that has been rescaled.
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct Rescaled {
-    /// The underlying operation that needs to be rescaled
+    /// The operation that has to be rescaled.
     pub inner: Box<SupportedOp>,
-    /// Vector of (index, scale) pairs defining how each input should be scaled
+    /// The scale of the operation's inputs.
     pub scale: Vec<(usize, u128)>,
 }
 
-/// Implementation of the Op trait for Rescaled operations
 impl Op<Fp> for Rescaled {
-    /// Convert to Any type for runtime type checking
     fn as_any(&self) -> &dyn std::any::Any {
         self
     }
 
-    /// Get string representation of the operation
     fn as_string(&self) -> String {
         format!("RESCALED INPUT ({})", self.inner.as_string())
     }
 
-    /// Calculate output scale based on input scales
     fn out_scale(&self, in_scales: Vec<crate::Scale>) -> Result<crate::Scale, CircuitError> {
         let in_scales = in_scales
             .into_iter()
@@ -113,7 +77,6 @@ impl Op<Fp> for Rescaled {
         Op::<Fp>::out_scale(&*self.inner, in_scales)
     }
 
-    /// Layout the operation in the circuit
     fn layout(
         &self,
         config: &mut crate::circuit::BaseConfig<Fp>,
@@ -130,40 +93,28 @@ impl Op<Fp> for Rescaled {
         self.inner.layout(config, region, res)
     }
 
-    /// Create a cloned boxed copy of this operation
     fn clone_dyn(&self) -> Box<dyn Op<Fp>> {
-        Box::new(self.clone())
+        Box::new(self.clone()) // Forward to the derive(Clone) impl
     }
 }
 
-/// A wrapper for operations that require scale rebasing
-/// This handles cases where operation scales need to be adjusted to a target scale
-/// while preserving the numerical relationships
+/// A wrapper for an operation that has been rescaled.
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct RebaseScale {
-    /// The operation that needs to be rescaled
+    /// The operation that has to be rescaled.
     pub inner: Box<SupportedOp>,
-    /// Operation used for rebasing, typically division
+    /// rebase op
     pub rebase_op: HybridOp,
-    /// Scale that we're rebasing to
+    /// scale being rebased to
     pub target_scale: i32,
-    /// Original scale of operation's inputs before rebasing
+    /// The original scale of the operation's inputs.
     pub original_scale: i32,
-    /// Scaling multiplier used in rebasing
+    /// multiplier
     pub multiplier: f64,
 }
 
 impl RebaseScale {
-    /// Creates a rebased version of an operation if needed
     ///
-    /// # Arguments
-    /// * `inner` - Operation to potentially rebase
-    /// * `global_scale` - Base scale for the system
-    /// * `op_out_scale` - Current output scale of the operation
-    /// * `scale_rebase_multiplier` - Factor determining when rebasing should occur
-    ///
-    /// # Returns
-    /// Original or rebased operation depending on scale relationships
     pub fn rebase(
         inner: SupportedOp,
         global_scale: crate::Scale,
@@ -204,15 +155,7 @@ impl RebaseScale {
         }
     }
 
-    /// Creates a rebased operation with increased scale
     ///
-    /// # Arguments
-    /// * `inner` - Operation to potentially rebase
-    /// * `target_scale` - Scale to rebase to
-    /// * `op_out_scale` - Current output scale of the operation
-    ///
-    /// # Returns
-    /// Original or rebased operation with increased scale
     pub fn rebase_up(
         inner: SupportedOp,
         target_scale: crate::Scale,
@@ -249,12 +192,10 @@ impl RebaseScale {
 }
 
 impl Op<Fp> for RebaseScale {
-    /// Convert to Any type for runtime type checking
     fn as_any(&self) -> &dyn std::any::Any {
         self
     }
 
-    /// Get string representation of the operation
     fn as_string(&self) -> String {
         format!(
             "REBASED (div={:?}, rebasing_op={}) ({})",
@@ -264,12 +205,10 @@ impl Op<Fp> for RebaseScale {
         )
     }
 
-    /// Calculate output scale based on input scales
     fn out_scale(&self, _: Vec<crate::Scale>) -> Result<crate::Scale, CircuitError> {
         Ok(self.target_scale)
     }
 
-    /// Layout the operation in the circuit
     fn layout(
         &self,
         config: &mut crate::circuit::BaseConfig<Fp>,
@@ -283,40 +222,34 @@ impl Op<Fp> for RebaseScale {
         self.rebase_op.layout(config, region, &[original_res])
     }
 
-    /// Create a cloned boxed copy of this operation
     fn clone_dyn(&self) -> Box<dyn Op<Fp>> {
-        Box::new(self.clone())
+        Box::new(self.clone()) // Forward to the derive(Clone) impl
     }
 }
 
-/// Represents all supported operation types in the circuit
-/// Each variant encapsulates a different type of operation with specific behavior
+/// A single operation in a [crate::graph::Model].
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub enum SupportedOp {
-    /// Linear operations (polynomial-based)
+    /// A linear operation.
     Linear(PolyOp),
-    /// Nonlinear operations requiring lookup tables
+    /// A nonlinear operation.
     Nonlinear(LookupOp),
-    /// Mixed operations combining different approaches
+    /// A hybrid operation.
     Hybrid(HybridOp),
-    /// Input values to the circuit
+    ///
     Input(Input),
-    /// Constant values in the circuit
+    ///
     Constant(Constant<Fp>),
-    /// Placeholder for unsupported operations
+    ///
     Unknown(Unknown),
-    /// Operations requiring rescaling of inputs
+    ///
     Rescaled(Rescaled),
-    /// Operations requiring scale rebasing
+    ///
     RebaseScale(RebaseScale),
 }
 
 impl SupportedOp {
-    /// Checks if the operation is a lookup operation
     ///
-    /// # Returns
-    /// * `true` if operation requires lookup table
-    /// * `false` otherwise
     pub fn is_lookup(&self) -> bool {
         match self {
             SupportedOp::Nonlinear(_) => true,
@@ -324,12 +257,7 @@ impl SupportedOp {
             _ => false,
         }
     }
-
-    /// Returns input operation if this is an input
     ///
-    /// # Returns
-    /// * `Some(Input)` if this is an input operation
-    /// * `None` otherwise
     pub fn get_input(&self) -> Option<Input> {
         match self {
             SupportedOp::Input(op) => Some(op.clone()),
@@ -337,11 +265,7 @@ impl SupportedOp {
         }
     }
 
-    /// Returns reference to rebased operation if this is a rebased operation
     ///
-    /// # Returns
-    /// * `Some(&RebaseScale)` if this is a rebased operation
-    /// * `None` otherwise
     pub fn get_rebased(&self) -> Option<&RebaseScale> {
         match self {
             SupportedOp::RebaseScale(op) => Some(op),
@@ -349,11 +273,7 @@ impl SupportedOp {
         }
     }
 
-    /// Returns reference to lookup operation if this is a lookup operation
     ///
-    /// # Returns
-    /// * `Some(&LookupOp)` if this is a lookup operation
-    /// * `None` otherwise
     pub fn get_lookup(&self) -> Option<&LookupOp> {
         match self {
             SupportedOp::Nonlinear(op) => Some(op),
@@ -361,11 +281,7 @@ impl SupportedOp {
         }
     }
 
-    /// Returns reference to constant if this is a constant
     ///
-    /// # Returns
-    /// * `Some(&Constant)` if this is a constant
-    /// * `None` otherwise
     pub fn get_constant(&self) -> Option<&Constant<Fp>> {
         match self {
             SupportedOp::Constant(op) => Some(op),
@@ -373,11 +289,7 @@ impl SupportedOp {
         }
     }
 
-    /// Returns mutable reference to constant if this is a constant
     ///
-    /// # Returns
-    /// * `Some(&mut Constant)` if this is a constant
-    /// * `None` otherwise
     pub fn get_mutable_constant(&mut self) -> Option<&mut Constant<Fp>> {
         match self {
             SupportedOp::Constant(op) => Some(op),
@@ -385,19 +297,18 @@ impl SupportedOp {
         }
     }
 
-    /// Creates a homogeneously rescaled version of this operation if needed
-    /// Only available with EZKL feature enabled
     #[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
     fn homogenous_rescale(
         &self,
         in_scales: Vec<crate::Scale>,
     ) -> Result<Box<dyn Op<Fp>>, GraphError> {
         let inputs_to_scale = self.requires_homogenous_input_scales();
+        // creates a rescaled op if the inputs are not homogenous
         let op = self.clone_dyn();
         super::homogenize_input_scales(op, in_scales, inputs_to_scale)
     }
 
-    /// Returns reference to underlying Op implementation
+    /// Since each associated value of `SupportedOp` implements `Op`, let's define a helper method to retrieve it.
     fn as_op(&self) -> &dyn Op<Fp> {
         match self {
             SupportedOp::Linear(op) => op,
@@ -411,10 +322,9 @@ impl SupportedOp {
         }
     }
 
-    /// Checks if this is an identity operation
-    ///
+    /// check if is the identity operation
     /// # Returns
-    /// * `true` if this operation passes input through unchanged
+    /// * `true` if the operation is the identity operation
     /// * `false` otherwise
     pub fn is_identity(&self) -> bool {
         match self {
@@ -451,11 +361,9 @@ impl From<Box<dyn Op<Fp>>> for SupportedOp {
         if let Some(op) = value.as_any().downcast_ref::<Unknown>() {
             return SupportedOp::Unknown(op.clone());
         };
-
         if let Some(op) = value.as_any().downcast_ref::<Rescaled>() {
             return SupportedOp::Rescaled(op.clone());
         };
-
         if let Some(op) = value.as_any().downcast_ref::<RebaseScale>() {
             return SupportedOp::RebaseScale(op.clone());
         };
@@ -467,7 +375,6 @@ impl From<Box<dyn Op<Fp>>> for SupportedOp {
 }
 
 impl Op<Fp> for SupportedOp {
-    /// Layout this operation in the circuit
     fn layout(
         &self,
         config: &mut crate::circuit::BaseConfig<Fp>,
@@ -477,61 +384,54 @@ impl Op<Fp> for SupportedOp {
         self.as_op().layout(config, region, values)
     }
 
-    /// Check if this is an input operation
     fn is_input(&self) -> bool {
         self.as_op().is_input()
     }
 
-    /// Check if this is a constant operation
     fn is_constant(&self) -> bool {
         self.as_op().is_constant()
     }
 
-    /// Get which inputs require homogeneous scales
     fn requires_homogenous_input_scales(&self) -> Vec<usize> {
         self.as_op().requires_homogenous_input_scales()
     }
 
-    /// Create a clone of this operation
     fn clone_dyn(&self) -> Box<dyn Op<Fp>> {
         self.as_op().clone_dyn()
     }
 
-    /// Get string representation
     fn as_string(&self) -> String {
         self.as_op().as_string()
     }
 
-    /// Convert to Any type
     fn as_any(&self) -> &dyn std::any::Any {
         self
     }
 
-    /// Calculate output scale from input scales
     fn out_scale(&self, in_scales: Vec<crate::Scale>) -> Result<crate::Scale, CircuitError> {
         self.as_op().out_scale(in_scales)
     }
 }
 
-/// Represents a connection to another node's output
-/// First element is node index, second is output slot index
+/// A node's input is a tensor from another node's output.
 pub type Outlet = (usize, usize);
 
-/// Represents a single computational node in the circuit graph
-/// Contains all information needed to execute and connect operations
+/// A single operation in a [crate::graph::Model].
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct Node {
-    /// The operation this node performs
+    /// [Op] i.e what operation this node represents.
     pub opkind: SupportedOp,
-    /// Fixed point scale factor for this node's output
+    /// The denominator in the fixed point representation for the node's output. Tensors of differing scales should not be combined.
     pub out_scale: i32,
-    /// Connections to other nodes' outputs that serve as inputs
+    // Usually there is a simple in and out shape of the node as an operator.  For example, an Affine node has three input_shapes (one for the input, weight, and bias),
+    // but in_dim is [in], out_dim is [out]
+    /// The indices of the node's inputs.
     pub inputs: Vec<Outlet>,
-    /// Shape of this node's output tensor
+    /// Dimensions of output.
     pub out_dims: Vec<usize>,
-    /// Unique identifier for this node
+    /// The node's unique identifier.
     pub idx: usize,
-    /// Number of times this node's output is used
+    /// The node's num of uses
     pub num_uses: usize,
 }
 
@@ -569,19 +469,12 @@ impl PartialEq for Node {
 }
 
 impl Node {
-    /// Creates a new Node from an ONNX node
-    /// Only available when EZKL feature is enabled
-    ///
-    /// # Arguments
-    /// * `node` - Source ONNX node
-    /// * `other_nodes` - Map of existing nodes in the graph
-    /// * `scales` - Scale factors for variables
-    /// * `idx` - Unique identifier for this node
-    /// * `symbol_values` - ONNX symbol values
-    /// * `run_args` - Runtime configuration arguments
-    ///
-    /// # Returns
-    /// New Node instance or error if creation fails
+    /// Converts a tract [OnnxNode] into an ezkl [Node].
+    /// # Arguments:
+    /// * `node` - [OnnxNode]
+    /// * `other_nodes` - [BTreeMap] of other previously initialized [Node]s in the computational graph.
+    /// * `public_params` - flag if parameters of model are public
+    /// * `idx` - The node's unique identifier.
     #[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
     #[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
     pub fn new(
@@ -719,14 +612,16 @@ impl Node {
         })
     }
 
-    /// Check if this node performs softmax operation
+    /// check if it is a softmax node
     pub fn is_softmax(&self) -> bool {
-        matches!(self.opkind, SupportedOp::Hybrid(HybridOp::Softmax { .. }))
+        if let SupportedOp::Hybrid(HybridOp::Softmax { .. }) = self.opkind {
+            true
+        } else {
+            false
+        }
     }
 }
 
-/// Helper function to rescale constants that are only used once
-/// Only available when EZKL feature is enabled
 #[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
 fn rescale_const_with_single_use(
     constant: &mut Constant<Fp>,

src/graph/postgres.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,493 @@
+use log::{debug, error, info};
+use std::fmt::Debug;
+use std::net::IpAddr;
+#[cfg(all(not(not(feature = "ezkl")), unix))]
+use std::path::Path;
+use std::str::FromStr;
+use std::sync::Arc;
+use std::time::Duration;
+use std::{fmt, pin::Pin};
+use tokio::task::JoinHandle;
+#[doc(inline)]
+pub use tokio_postgres::config::{
+    ChannelBinding, Host, LoadBalanceHosts, SslMode, TargetSessionAttrs,
+};
+use tokio_postgres::tls::NoTlsStream;
+use tokio_postgres::NoTls;
+use tokio_postgres::{error::DbError, types::ToSql, Error, Row, Socket, ToStatement};
+
+/// Connection configuration.
+///
+/// Configuration can be parsed from libpq-style connection strings. These strings come in two formats:
+///
+///
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct Config {
+    config: tokio_postgres::Config,
+    notice_callback: Arc<dyn Fn(DbError) + Send + Sync>,
+}
+
+impl fmt::Debug for Config {
+    fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        fmt.debug_struct("Config")
+            .field("config", &self.config)
+            .finish()
+    }
+}
+
+impl Default for Config {
+    fn default() -> Config {
+        Config::new()
+    }
+}
+
+impl Config {
+    /// Creates a new configuration.
+    pub fn new() -> Config {
+        tokio_postgres::Config::new().into()
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the user to authenticate with.
+    ///
+    /// If the user is not set, then this defaults to the user executing this process.
+    pub fn user(&mut self, user: &str) -> &mut Config {
+        self.config.user(user);
+        self
+    }
+
+    /// Gets the user to authenticate with, if one has been configured with
+    /// the `user` method.
+    pub fn get_user(&self) -> Option<&str> {
+        self.config.get_user()
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the password to authenticate with.
+    pub fn password<T>(&mut self, password: T) -> &mut Config
+    where
+        T: AsRef<[u8]>,
+    {
+        self.config.password(password);
+        self
+    }
+
+    /// Gets the password to authenticate with, if one has been configured with
+    /// the `password` method.
+    pub fn get_password(&self) -> Option<&[u8]> {
+        self.config.get_password()
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the name of the database to connect to.
+    ///
+    /// Defaults to the user.
+    pub fn dbname(&mut self, dbname: &str) -> &mut Config {
+        self.config.dbname(dbname);
+        self
+    }
+
+    /// Gets the name of the database to connect to, if one has been configured
+    /// with the `dbname` method.
+    pub fn get_dbname(&self) -> Option<&str> {
+        self.config.get_dbname()
+    }
+
+    /// Sets command line options used to configure the server.
+    pub fn options(&mut self, options: &str) -> &mut Config {
+        self.config.options(options);
+        self
+    }
+
+    /// Gets the command line options used to configure the server, if the
+    /// options have been set with the `options` method.
+    pub fn get_options(&self) -> Option<&str> {
+        self.config.get_options()
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the value of the `application_name` runtime parameter.
+    pub fn application_name(&mut self, application_name: &str) -> &mut Config {
+        self.config.application_name(application_name);
+        self
+    }
+
+    /// Gets the value of the `application_name` runtime parameter, if it has
+    /// been set with the `application_name` method.
+    pub fn get_application_name(&self) -> Option<&str> {
+        self.config.get_application_name()
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the SSL configuration.
+    ///
+    /// Defaults to `prefer`.
+    pub fn ssl_mode(&mut self, ssl_mode: SslMode) -> &mut Config {
+        self.config.ssl_mode(ssl_mode);
+        self
+    }
+
+    /// Gets the SSL configuration.
+    pub fn get_ssl_mode(&self) -> SslMode {
+        self.config.get_ssl_mode()
+    }
+
+    /// Adds a host to the configuration.
+    ///
+    /// Multiple hosts can be specified by calling this method multiple times, and each will be tried in order. On Unix
+    /// systems, a host starting with a `/` is interpreted as a path to a directory containing Unix domain sockets.
+    /// There must be either no hosts, or the same number of hosts as hostaddrs.
+    pub fn host(&mut self, host: &str) -> &mut Config {
+        self.config.host(host);
+        self
+    }
+
+    /// Gets the hosts that have been added to the configuration with `host`.
+    pub fn get_hosts(&self) -> &[Host] {
+        self.config.get_hosts()
+    }
+
+    /// Gets the hostaddrs that have been added to the configuration with `hostaddr`.
+    pub fn get_hostaddrs(&self) -> &[IpAddr] {
+        self.config.get_hostaddrs()
+    }
+
+    /// Adds a Unix socket host to the configuration.
+    ///
+    /// Unlike `host`, this method allows non-UTF8 paths.
+    #[cfg(all(not(not(feature = "ezkl")), unix))]
+    pub fn host_path<T>(&mut self, host: T) -> &mut Config
+    where
+        T: AsRef<Path>,
+    {
+        self.config.host_path(host);
+        self
+    }
+
+    /// Adds a hostaddr to the configuration.
+    ///
+    /// Multiple hostaddrs can be specified by calling this method multiple times, and each will be tried in order.
+    /// There must be either no hostaddrs, or the same number of hostaddrs as hosts.
+    pub fn hostaddr(&mut self, hostaddr: IpAddr) -> &mut Config {
+        self.config.hostaddr(hostaddr);
+        self
+    }
+
+    /// Adds a port to the configuration.
+    ///
+    /// Multiple ports can be specified by calling this method multiple times. There must either be no ports, in which
+    /// case the default of 5432 is used, a single port, in which it is used for all hosts, or the same number of ports
+    /// as hosts.
+    pub fn port(&mut self, port: u16) -> &mut Config {
+        self.config.port(port);
+        self
+    }
+
+    /// Gets the ports that have been added to the configuration with `port`.
+    pub fn get_ports(&self) -> &[u16] {
+        self.config.get_ports()
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the timeout applied to socket-level connection attempts.
+    ///
+    /// Note that hostnames can resolve to multiple IP addresses, and this timeout will apply to each address of each
+    /// host separately. Defaults to no limit.
+    pub fn connect_timeout(&mut self, connect_timeout: Duration) -> &mut Config {
+        self.config.connect_timeout(connect_timeout);
+        self
+    }
+
+    /// Gets the connection timeout, if one has been set with the
+    /// `connect_timeout` method.
+    pub fn get_connect_timeout(&self) -> Option<&Duration> {
+        self.config.get_connect_timeout()
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the TCP user timeout.
+    ///
+    /// This is ignored for Unix domain socket connections. It is only supported on systems where
+    /// TCP_USER_TIMEOUT is available and will default to the system default if omitted or set to 0;
+    /// on other systems, it has no effect.
+    pub fn tcp_user_timeout(&mut self, tcp_user_timeout: Duration) -> &mut Config {
+        self.config.tcp_user_timeout(tcp_user_timeout);
+        self
+    }
+
+    /// Gets the TCP user timeout, if one has been set with the
+    /// `user_timeout` method.
+    pub fn get_tcp_user_timeout(&self) -> Option<&Duration> {
+        self.config.get_tcp_user_timeout()
+    }
+
+    /// Controls the use of TCP keepalive.
+    ///
+    /// This is ignored for Unix domain socket connections. Defaults to `true`.
+    pub fn keepalives(&mut self, keepalives: bool) -> &mut Config {
+        self.config.keepalives(keepalives);
+        self
+    }
+
+    /// Reports whether TCP keepalives will be used.
+    pub fn get_keepalives(&self) -> bool {
+        self.config.get_keepalives()
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the amount of idle time before a keepalive packet is sent on the connection.
+    ///
+    /// This is ignored for Unix domain sockets, or if the `keepalives` option is disabled. Defaults to 2 hours.
+    pub fn keepalives_idle(&mut self, keepalives_idle: Duration) -> &mut Config {
+        self.config.keepalives_idle(keepalives_idle);
+        self
+    }
+
+    /// Gets the configured amount of idle time before a keepalive packet will
+    /// be sent on the connection.
+    pub fn get_keepalives_idle(&self) -> Duration {
+        self.config.get_keepalives_idle()
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the time interval between TCP keepalive probes.
+    /// On Windows, this sets the value of the tcp_keepalive struct’s keepaliveinterval field.
+    ///
+    /// This is ignored for Unix domain sockets, or if the `keepalives` option is disabled.
+    pub fn keepalives_interval(&mut self, keepalives_interval: Duration) -> &mut Config {
+        self.config.keepalives_interval(keepalives_interval);
+        self
+    }
+
+    /// Gets the time interval between TCP keepalive probes.
+    pub fn get_keepalives_interval(&self) -> Option<Duration> {
+        self.config.get_keepalives_interval()
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the maximum number of TCP keepalive probes that will be sent before dropping a connection.
+    ///
+    /// This is ignored for Unix domain sockets, or if the `keepalives` option is disabled.
+    pub fn keepalives_retries(&mut self, keepalives_retries: u32) -> &mut Config {
+        self.config.keepalives_retries(keepalives_retries);
+        self
+    }
+
+    /// Gets the maximum number of TCP keepalive probes that will be sent before dropping a connection.
+    pub fn get_keepalives_retries(&self) -> Option<u32> {
+        self.config.get_keepalives_retries()
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the requirements of the session.
+    ///
+    /// This can be used to connect to the primary server in a clustered database rather than one of the read-only
+    /// secondary servers. Defaults to `Any`.
+    pub fn target_session_attrs(
+        &mut self,
+        target_session_attrs: TargetSessionAttrs,
+    ) -> &mut Config {
+        self.config.target_session_attrs(target_session_attrs);
+        self
+    }
+
+    /// Gets the requirements of the session.
+    pub fn get_target_session_attrs(&self) -> TargetSessionAttrs {
+        self.config.get_target_session_attrs()
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the channel binding behavior.
+    ///
+    /// Defaults to `prefer`.
+    pub fn channel_binding(&mut self, channel_binding: ChannelBinding) -> &mut Config {
+        self.config.channel_binding(channel_binding);
+        self
+    }
+
+    /// Gets the channel binding behavior.
+    pub fn get_channel_binding(&self) -> ChannelBinding {
+        self.config.get_channel_binding()
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the host load balancing behavior.
+    ///
+    /// Defaults to `disable`.
+    pub fn load_balance_hosts(&mut self, load_balance_hosts: LoadBalanceHosts) -> &mut Config {
+        self.config.load_balance_hosts(load_balance_hosts);
+        self
+    }
+
+    /// Gets the host load balancing behavior.
+    pub fn get_load_balance_hosts(&self) -> LoadBalanceHosts {
+        self.config.get_load_balance_hosts()
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the notice callback.
+    ///
+    /// This callback will be invoked with the contents of every
+    /// [`AsyncMessage::Notice`] that is received by the connection. Notices use
+    /// the same structure as errors, but they are not "errors" per-se.
+    ///
+    /// Notices are distinct from notifications, which are instead accessible
+    /// via the [`Notifications`] API.
+    ///
+    /// [`AsyncMessage::Notice`]: tokio_postgres::AsyncMessage::Notice
+    /// [`Notifications`]: crate::Notifications
+    pub fn notice_callback<F>(&mut self, f: F) -> &mut Config
+    where
+        F: Fn(DbError) + Send + Sync + 'static,
+    {
+        self.notice_callback = Arc::new(f);
+        self
+    }
+
+    /// Opens a connection to a PostgreSQL database.
+    pub async fn connect(&self) -> Result<Client, Error> {
+        let (client, connection) = self.config.connect(NoTls).await?;
+
+        let connection = Connection::new(connection);
+
+        Ok(Client::new(client, connection))
+    }
+}
+
+impl FromStr for Config {
+    type Err = Error;
+
+    fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<Config, Error> {
+        s.parse::<tokio_postgres::Config>().map(Config::from)
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<tokio_postgres::Config> for Config {
+    fn from(config: tokio_postgres::Config) -> Config {
+        Config {
+            config,
+            notice_callback: Arc::new(|notice| {
+                info!("{}: {}", notice.severity(), notice.message())
+            }),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[allow(missing_debug_implementations, dead_code)]
+/// An asynchronous PostgreSQL connection. We use this to keep the connection alive / keep it pinned so that it doesn't
+/// get dropped.
+pub struct Connection {
+    /// The underlying connection stream.
+    connection: Pin<Box<tokio_postgres::Connection<Socket, NoTlsStream>>>,
+}
+
+impl Connection {
+    /// Creates a new connection.
+    pub fn new(connection: tokio_postgres::Connection<Socket, NoTlsStream>) -> Self {
+        Connection {
+            connection: Box::pin(connection),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// start the connection
+    pub async fn start(self) {
+        if let Err(e) = self.connection.await {
+            error!("connection error: {}", e);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[allow(missing_debug_implementations, dead_code)]
+/// An asynchronous PostgreSQL client.
+pub struct Client {
+    connection: JoinHandle<()>,
+    client: tokio_postgres::Client,
+}
+
+impl Drop for Client {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        let _ = self.close_inner();
+    }
+}
+
+impl Client {
+    pub(crate) fn new(client: tokio_postgres::Client, connection: Connection) -> Client {
+        // The connection object performs the actual communication with the database,
+        // so spawn it off to run on its own.
+        let thread = tokio::spawn(async move {
+            connection.start().await;
+        });
+
+        Client {
+            client,
+            connection: thread,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// A convenience function which parses a configuration string into a `Config` and then connects to the database.
+    ///
+    /// See the documentation for [`Config`] for information about the connection syntax.
+    ///
+    /// [`Config`]: config/struct.Config.html
+    pub async fn connect(params: &str) -> Result<Client, Error> {
+        debug!("Connecting to database with params: {}", params);
+        params.parse::<Config>()?.connect().await
+    }
+
+    /// Returns a new `Config` object which can be used to configure and connect to a database.
+    pub fn configure() -> Config {
+        Config::new()
+    }
+
+    /// Executes a statement, returning the number of rows modified.
+    ///
+    /// A statement may contain parameters, specified by `$n`, where `n` is the index of the parameter of the list
+    /// provided, 1-indexed.
+    ///
+    /// If the statement does not modify any rows (e.g. `SELECT`), 0 is returned.
+    ///
+    /// The `query` argument can either be a `Statement`, or a raw query string. If the same statement will be
+    /// repeatedly executed (perhaps with different query parameters), consider preparing the statement up front
+    /// with the `prepare` method.
+    ///
+    pub async fn execute<T>(
+        &mut self,
+        query: &T,
+        params: &[&(dyn ToSql + Sync)],
+    ) -> Result<u64, Error>
+    where
+        T: ?Sized + ToStatement + Debug,
+    {
+        debug!("Executing query: {:?}", query);
+        self.client.execute(query, params).await
+    }
+
+    /// Executes a statement, returning the resulting rows.
+    ///
+    /// A statement may contain parameters, specified by `$n`, where `n` is the index of the parameter of the list
+    /// provided, 1-indexed.
+    ///
+    /// The `query` argument can either be a `Statement`, or a raw query string. If the same statement will be
+    /// repeatedly executed (perhaps with different query parameters), consider preparing the statement up front
+    /// with the `prepare` method.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    pub async fn query<T>(
+        &mut self,
+        query: &T,
+        params: &[&(dyn ToSql + Sync)],
+    ) -> Result<Vec<Row>, Error>
+    where
+        T: ?Sized + ToStatement + Debug,
+    {
+        debug!("Executing query: {:?}", query);
+        self.client.query(query, params).await
+    }
+
+    /// Determines if the client's connection has already closed.
+    ///
+    /// If this returns `true`, the client is no longer usable.
+    pub fn is_closed(&self) -> bool {
+        self.client.is_closed()
+    }
+
+    /// Closes the client's connection to the server.
+    ///
+    /// This is equivalent to `Client`'s `Drop` implementation, except that it returns any error encountered to the
+    /// caller.
+    pub fn close(mut self) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        self.close_inner()
+    }
+
+    fn close_inner(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        self.client.__private_api_close();
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}

src/graph/utilities.rs

@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
+use super::errors::GraphError;
 #[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
 use super::VarScales;
-use super::errors::GraphError;
 use super::{Rescaled, SupportedOp, Visibility};
-use crate::circuit::Op;
 #[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
 use crate::circuit::hybrid::HybridOp;
 #[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
 use crate::circuit::lookup::LookupOp;
 #[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
 use crate::circuit::poly::PolyOp;
+use crate::circuit::Op;
 use crate::fieldutils::IntegerRep;
 use crate::tensor::{Tensor, TensorError, TensorType};
 use halo2curves::bn256::Fr as Fp;
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ use std::sync::Arc;
 use tract_onnx::prelude::{DatumType, Node as OnnxNode, TypedFact, TypedOp};
 #[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
 use tract_onnx::tract_core::ops::{
-    Downsample,
     array::{
         Gather, GatherElements, GatherNd, MultiBroadcastTo, OneHot, ScatterElements, ScatterNd,
         Slice, Topk,
@@ -32,6 +31,7 @@ use tract_onnx::tract_core::ops::{
     einsum::EinSum,
     element_wise::ElementWiseOp,
     nn::{LeakyRelu, Reduce, Softmax},
+    Downsample,
 };
 #[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
 use tract_onnx::tract_hir::{
@@ -39,12 +39,12 @@ use tract_onnx::tract_hir::{
     ops::array::{Pad, PadMode, TypedConcat},
     ops::cnn::PoolSpec,
     ops::konst::Const,
+    ops::nn::DataFormat,
     tract_core::ops::cast::Cast,
-    tract_core::ops::cnn::{MaxPool, SumPool},
+    tract_core::ops::cnn::{conv::KernelFormat, MaxPool, SumPool},
 };
 
 /// Quantizes an iterable of f64 to a [Tensor] of IntegerRep using a fixed point representation.
-/// NAN gets mapped to 0. INFINITY and NEG_INFINITY error out.
 /// Arguments
 ///
 /// * `elem` - the element to quantize.
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ pub fn quantize_float(
     let mult = scale_to_multiplier(scale);
     let max_value = ((IntegerRep::MAX as f64 - shift) / mult).round(); // the maximum value that can be represented w/o sig bit truncation
 
-    if *elem > max_value || *elem < -max_value {
+    if *elem > max_value {
         return Err(TensorError::SigBitTruncationError);
     }
 
@@ -227,7 +227,10 @@ pub fn extract_tensor_value(
                 .iter()
                 .map(|x| match x.to_i64() {
                     Ok(v) => Ok(v as f32),
-                    Err(_) => Err(GraphError::UnsupportedDataType(0, "TDim".to_string())),
+                    Err(_) => match x.to_i64() {
+                        Ok(v) => Ok(v as f32),
+                        Err(_) => Err(GraphError::UnsupportedDataType(0, "TDim".to_string())),
+                    },
                 })
                 .collect();
 
@@ -273,10 +276,12 @@ pub fn new_op_from_onnx(
     symbol_values: &SymbolValues,
     run_args: &crate::RunArgs,
 ) -> Result<(SupportedOp, Vec<usize>), GraphError> {
-    use crate::circuit::InputType;
     use std::f64::consts::E;
+
     use tract_onnx::tract_core::ops::array::Trilu;
 
+    use crate::circuit::InputType;
+
     let input_scales = inputs
         .iter()
         .flat_map(|x| x.out_scales())
@@ -381,11 +386,7 @@ pub fn new_op_from_onnx(
             // Quantize the raw value (integers)
             let quantized_value = quantize_tensor(raw_value.clone(), 0, &Visibility::Fixed)?;
 
-            let c = crate::circuit::ops::Constant::new(
-                quantized_value,
-                raw_value,
-                !run_args.ignore_range_check_inputs_outputs,
-            );
+            let c = crate::circuit::ops::Constant::new(quantized_value, raw_value);
             // Create a constant op
             SupportedOp::Constant(c)
         }
@@ -447,7 +448,6 @@ pub fn new_op_from_onnx(
                 inputs[1].replace_opkind(SupportedOp::Input(crate::circuit::ops::Input {
                     scale: 0,
                     datum_type: InputType::TDim,
-                    decomp: false,
                 }));
                 inputs[1].bump_scale(0);
             }
@@ -524,7 +524,6 @@ pub fn new_op_from_onnx(
                 inputs[1].replace_opkind(SupportedOp::Input(crate::circuit::ops::Input {
                     scale: 0,
                     datum_type: InputType::TDim,
-                    decomp: !run_args.ignore_range_check_inputs_outputs,
                 }));
                 inputs[1].bump_scale(0);
             }
@@ -561,7 +560,6 @@ pub fn new_op_from_onnx(
                 inputs[1].replace_opkind(SupportedOp::Input(crate::circuit::ops::Input {
                     scale: 0,
                     datum_type: InputType::TDim,
-                    decomp: !run_args.ignore_range_check_inputs_outputs,
                 }));
                 inputs[1].bump_scale(0);
             }
@@ -599,7 +597,6 @@ pub fn new_op_from_onnx(
                 inputs[1].replace_opkind(SupportedOp::Input(crate::circuit::ops::Input {
                     scale: 0,
                     datum_type: InputType::TDim,
-                    decomp: !run_args.ignore_range_check_inputs_outputs,
                 }));
                 inputs[1].bump_scale(0);
             }
@@ -637,7 +634,6 @@ pub fn new_op_from_onnx(
                 inputs[1].replace_opkind(SupportedOp::Input(crate::circuit::ops::Input {
                     scale: 0,
                     datum_type: InputType::TDim,
-                    decomp: !run_args.ignore_range_check_inputs_outputs,
                 }));
                 inputs[1].bump_scale(0);
             }
@@ -712,11 +708,7 @@ pub fn new_op_from_onnx(
                 constant_scale,
                 &run_args.param_visibility,
             )?;
-            let c = crate::circuit::ops::Constant::new(
-                quantized_value,
-                raw_value,
-                run_args.ignore_range_check_inputs_outputs,
-            );
+            let c = crate::circuit::ops::Constant::new(quantized_value, raw_value);
             // Create a constant op
             SupportedOp::Constant(c)
         }
@@ -858,7 +850,6 @@ pub fn new_op_from_onnx(
             SupportedOp::Hybrid(HybridOp::Recip {
                 input_scale: (scale_to_multiplier(in_scale) as f32).into(),
                 output_scale: (scale_to_multiplier(max_scale) as f32).into(),
-                eps: run_args.get_epsilon(),
             })
         }
 
@@ -904,7 +895,6 @@ pub fn new_op_from_onnx(
             SupportedOp::Hybrid(HybridOp::Rsqrt {
                 input_scale: (scale_to_multiplier(in_scale) as f32).into(),
                 output_scale: (scale_to_multiplier(max_scale) as f32).into(),
-                eps: run_args.get_epsilon(),
             })
         }
         "Exp" => SupportedOp::Nonlinear(LookupOp::Exp {
@@ -915,7 +905,6 @@ pub fn new_op_from_onnx(
             if run_args.bounded_log_lookup {
                 SupportedOp::Hybrid(HybridOp::Ln {
                     scale: scale_to_multiplier(input_scales[0]).into(),
-                    eps: run_args.get_epsilon(),
                 })
             } else {
                 SupportedOp::Nonlinear(LookupOp::Ln {
@@ -982,11 +971,7 @@ pub fn new_op_from_onnx(
                 DatumType::F64 => (scales.input, InputType::F64),
                 _ => return Err(GraphError::UnsupportedDataType(idx, format!("{:?}", dt))),
             };
-            SupportedOp::Input(crate::circuit::ops::Input {
-                scale,
-                datum_type,
-                decomp: !run_args.ignore_range_check_inputs_outputs,
-            })
+            SupportedOp::Input(crate::circuit::ops::Input { scale, datum_type })
         }
         "Cast" => {
             let op = load_op::<Cast>(node.op(), idx, node.op().name().to_string())?;
@@ -1134,7 +1119,6 @@ pub fn new_op_from_onnx(
                 input_scale: scale_to_multiplier(in_scale).into(),
                 output_scale: scale_to_multiplier(max_scale).into(),
                 axes: softmax_op.axes.to_vec(),
-                eps: run_args.get_epsilon(),
             })
         }
         "MaxPool" => {
@@ -1149,6 +1133,13 @@ pub fn new_op_from_onnx(
 
             let pool_spec: &PoolSpec = &sumpool_node.pool_spec;
 
+            // only support pytorch type formatting for now
+            if pool_spec.data_format != DataFormat::NCHW {
+                return Err(GraphError::MissingParams(
+                    "data in wrong format".to_string(),
+                ));
+            }
+
             let stride = extract_strides(pool_spec)?;
             let padding = extract_padding(pool_spec, &input_dims[0])?;
             let kernel_shape = &pool_spec.kernel_shape;
@@ -1157,7 +1148,6 @@ pub fn new_op_from_onnx(
                 padding,
                 stride: stride.to_vec(),
                 pool_dims: kernel_shape.to_vec(),
-                data_format: pool_spec.data_format.into(),
             })
         }
         "Ceil" => {
@@ -1269,19 +1259,9 @@ pub fn new_op_from_onnx(
                     // get the non constant index
                     let denom = c.raw_values[0];
 
-                    let op = SupportedOp::Hybrid(HybridOp::Div {
+                    SupportedOp::Hybrid(HybridOp::Div {
                         denom: denom.into(),
-                    });
-
-                    // if the input is scale 0 we re up to the max scale
-                    if input_scales[0] == 0 {
-                        SupportedOp::Rescaled(Rescaled {
-                            inner: Box::new(op),
-                            scale: vec![(0, scale_to_multiplier(scales.get_max()) as u128)],
-                        })
-                    } else {
-                        op
-                    }
+                    })
                 } else {
                     return Err(GraphError::MisformedParams(
                         "only support non zero divisors of size 1".to_string(),
@@ -1311,6 +1291,15 @@ pub fn new_op_from_onnx(
                 }
             }
 
+            if ((conv_node.pool_spec.data_format != DataFormat::NCHW)
+                && (conv_node.pool_spec.data_format != DataFormat::CHW))
+                || (conv_node.kernel_fmt != KernelFormat::OIHW)
+            {
+                return Err(GraphError::MisformedParams(
+                    "data or kernel in wrong format".to_string(),
+                ));
+            }
+
             let pool_spec = &conv_node.pool_spec;
 
             let stride = extract_strides(pool_spec)?;
@@ -1338,8 +1327,6 @@ pub fn new_op_from_onnx(
                 padding,
                 stride,
                 group,
-                data_format: conv_node.pool_spec.data_format.into(),
-                kernel_format: conv_node.kernel_fmt.into(),
             })
         }
         "Not" => SupportedOp::Linear(PolyOp::Not),
@@ -1363,6 +1350,14 @@ pub fn new_op_from_onnx(
                 }
             }
 
+            if (deconv_node.pool_spec.data_format != DataFormat::NCHW)
+                || (deconv_node.kernel_format != KernelFormat::OIHW)
+            {
+                return Err(GraphError::MisformedParams(
+                    "data or kernel in wrong format".to_string(),
+                ));
+            }
+
             let pool_spec = &deconv_node.pool_spec;
 
             let stride = extract_strides(pool_spec)?;
@@ -1388,8 +1383,6 @@ pub fn new_op_from_onnx(
                 output_padding: deconv_node.adjustments.to_vec(),
                 stride,
                 group: deconv_node.group,
-                data_format: deconv_node.pool_spec.data_format.into(),
-                kernel_format: deconv_node.kernel_format.into(),
             })
         }
         "Downsample" => {
@@ -1402,7 +1395,7 @@ pub fn new_op_from_onnx(
 
             SupportedOp::Linear(PolyOp::Downsample {
                 axis: downsample_node.axis,
-                stride: downsample_node.stride,
+                stride: downsample_node.stride as usize,
                 modulo: downsample_node.modulo,
             })
         }
@@ -1473,6 +1466,13 @@ pub fn new_op_from_onnx(
 
             let pool_spec: &PoolSpec = &sumpool_node.pool_spec;
 
+            // only support pytorch type formatting for now
+            if pool_spec.data_format != DataFormat::NCHW {
+                return Err(GraphError::MissingParams(
+                    "data in wrong format".to_string(),
+                ));
+            }
+
             let stride = extract_strides(pool_spec)?;
             let padding = extract_padding(pool_spec, &input_dims[0])?;
 
@@ -1481,7 +1481,6 @@ pub fn new_op_from_onnx(
                 stride: stride.to_vec(),
                 kernel_shape: pool_spec.kernel_shape.to_vec(),
                 normalized: sumpool_node.normalize,
-                data_format: pool_spec.data_format.into(),
             })
         }
         "Pad" => {
@@ -1592,10 +1591,12 @@ pub fn homogenize_input_scales(
     input_scales: Vec<crate::Scale>,
     inputs_to_scale: Vec<usize>,
 ) -> Result<Box<dyn Op<Fp>>, GraphError> {
-    let relevant_input_scales = inputs_to_scale
-        .iter()
-        .filter(|idx| input_scales.len() > **idx)
-        .map(|&idx| input_scales[idx])
+    let relevant_input_scales = input_scales
+        .clone()
+        .into_iter()
+        .enumerate()
+        .filter(|(idx, _)| inputs_to_scale.contains(idx))
+        .map(|(_, scale)| scale)
         .collect_vec();
 
     if inputs_to_scale.is_empty() {
@@ -1641,25 +1642,6 @@ pub mod tests {
 
     use super::*;
 
-    // quantization tests
-    #[test]
-    fn test_quantize_tensor() {
-        let tensor: Tensor<f32> = (0..10).map(|x| x as f32).into();
-        let reference: Tensor<Fp> = (0..10).map(|x| x.into()).into();
-        let scale = 0;
-        let visibility = &Visibility::Public;
-        let quantized: Tensor<Fp> = quantize_tensor(tensor, scale, visibility).unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(quantized.len(), 10);
-        assert_eq!(quantized, reference);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_quantize_edge_cases() {
-        assert_eq!(quantize_float(&f64::NAN, 0.0, 0).unwrap(), 0);
-        assert!(quantize_float(&f64::INFINITY, 0.0, 0).is_err());
-        assert!(quantize_float(&f64::NEG_INFINITY, 0.0, 0).is_err());
-    }
-
     #[test]
     fn test_flatten_valtensors() {
         let tensor1: Tensor<Fp> = (0..10).map(|x| x.into()).into();

src/graph/vars.rs

@@ -11,34 +11,35 @@ use log::debug;
 use pyo3::{
     exceptions::PyValueError, FromPyObject, IntoPy, PyObject, PyResult, Python, ToPyObject,
 };
+
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 #[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
 use tosubcommand::ToFlags;
 
 use self::errors::GraphError;
+
 use super::*;
 
-/// Defines the visibility level of values within the zero-knowledge circuit
-/// Controls how values are handled during proof generation and verification
+/// Label enum to track whether model input, model parameters, and model output are public, private, or hashed
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Default)]
 pub enum Visibility {
-    /// Value is private to the prover and not included in proof
+    /// Mark an item as private to the prover (not in the proof submitted for verification)
     #[default]
     Private,
-    /// Value is public and included in proof for verification
+    /// Mark an item as public (sent in the proof submitted for verification)
     Public,
-    /// Value is hashed and the hash is included in proof
+    /// Mark an item as publicly committed to (hash sent in the proof submitted for verification)
     Hashed {
-        /// Controls how the hash is handled in proof
-        /// true - hash is included directly in proof (public)
-        /// false - hash is used as advice and passed to computational graph
+        /// Whether the hash is used as an instance (sent in the proof submitted for verification)
+        /// if false the hash is used as an advice (not in the proof submitted for verification) and is then sent to the computational graph
+        /// if true the hash is used as an instance (sent in the proof submitted for verification) the *inputs* to the hashing function are then sent to the computational graph
         hash_is_public: bool,
-        /// Specifies which outputs this hash affects
+        ///
         outlets: Vec<usize>,
     },
-    /// Value is committed using KZG commitment scheme
+    /// Mark an item as publicly committed to (KZG commitment sent in the proof submitted for verification)
     KZGCommit,
-    /// Value is assigned as a constant in the circuit
+    /// assigned as a constant in the circuit
     Fixed,
 }
 
@@ -65,17 +66,15 @@ impl Display for Visibility {
 
 #[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
 impl ToFlags for Visibility {
-    /// Converts visibility to command line flags
     fn to_flags(&self) -> Vec<String> {
         vec![format!("{}", self)]
     }
 }
 
 impl<'a> From<&'a str> for Visibility {
-    /// Converts string representation to Visibility
     fn from(s: &'a str) -> Self {
         if s.contains("hashed/private") {
-            // Split on last occurrence of '/'
+            // split on last occurrence of '/'
             let (_, outlets) = s.split_at(s.rfind('/').unwrap());
             let outlets = outlets
                 .trim_start_matches('/')
@@ -107,8 +106,8 @@ impl<'a> From<&'a str> for Visibility {
 }
 
 #[cfg(feature = "python-bindings")]
+/// Converts Visibility into a PyObject (Required for Visibility to be compatible with Python)
 impl IntoPy<PyObject> for Visibility {
-    /// Converts Visibility to Python object
     fn into_py(self, py: Python) -> PyObject {
         match self {
             Visibility::Private => "private".to_object(py),
@@ -135,13 +134,14 @@ impl IntoPy<PyObject> for Visibility {
 }
 
 #[cfg(feature = "python-bindings")]
+/// Obtains Visibility from PyObject (Required for Visibility to be compatible with Python)
 impl<'source> FromPyObject<'source> for Visibility {
-    /// Extracts Visibility from Python object
     fn extract_bound(ob: &pyo3::Bound<'source, pyo3::PyAny>) -> PyResult<Self> {
         let strval = String::extract_bound(ob)?;
         let strval = strval.as_str();
 
         if strval.contains("hashed/private") {
+            // split on last occurence of '/'
             let (_, outlets) = strval.split_at(strval.rfind('/').unwrap());
             let outlets = outlets
                 .trim_start_matches('/')
@@ -174,32 +174,29 @@ impl<'source> FromPyObject<'source> for Visibility {
 }
 
 impl Visibility {
-    /// Returns true if visibility is Fixed
+    #[allow(missing_docs)]
     pub fn is_fixed(&self) -> bool {
         matches!(&self, Visibility::Fixed)
     }
-
-    /// Returns true if visibility is Private or hashed private
+    #[allow(missing_docs)]
     pub fn is_private(&self) -> bool {
         matches!(&self, Visibility::Private) || self.is_hashed_private()
     }
 
-    /// Returns true if visibility is Public
+    #[allow(missing_docs)]
     pub fn is_public(&self) -> bool {
         matches!(&self, Visibility::Public)
     }
-
-    /// Returns true if visibility involves hashing
+    #[allow(missing_docs)]
     pub fn is_hashed(&self) -> bool {
         matches!(&self, Visibility::Hashed { .. })
     }
-
-    /// Returns true if visibility uses KZG commitment
+    #[allow(missing_docs)]
     pub fn is_polycommit(&self) -> bool {
         matches!(&self, Visibility::KZGCommit)
     }
 
-    /// Returns true if visibility is hashed with public hash
+    #[allow(missing_docs)]
     pub fn is_hashed_public(&self) -> bool {
         if let Visibility::Hashed {
             hash_is_public: true,
@@ -210,8 +207,7 @@ impl Visibility {
         }
         false
     }
-
-    /// Returns true if visibility is hashed with private hash
+    #[allow(missing_docs)]
     pub fn is_hashed_private(&self) -> bool {
         if let Visibility::Hashed {
             hash_is_public: false,
@@ -223,12 +219,11 @@ impl Visibility {
         false
     }
 
-    /// Returns true if visibility requires additional processing
+    #[allow(missing_docs)]
     pub fn requires_processing(&self) -> bool {
         matches!(&self, Visibility::Hashed { .. }) | matches!(&self, Visibility::KZGCommit)
     }
-
-    /// Returns vector of output indices that this visibility setting affects
+    #[allow(missing_docs)]
     pub fn overwrites_inputs(&self) -> Vec<usize> {
         if let Visibility::Hashed { outlets, .. } = self {
             return outlets.clone();
@@ -237,14 +232,14 @@ impl Visibility {
     }
 }
 
-/// Manages scaling factors for different parts of the model
+/// Represents the scale of the model input, model parameters.
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, PartialOrd)]
 pub struct VarScales {
-    /// Scale factor for input values
+    ///
     pub input: crate::Scale,
-    /// Scale factor for parameter values
+    ///
     pub params: crate::Scale,
-    /// Multiplier for scale rebasing
+    ///
     pub rebase_multiplier: u32,
 }
 
@@ -255,17 +250,17 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for VarScales {
 }
 
 impl VarScales {
-    /// Returns maximum scale value
+    ///
     pub fn get_max(&self) -> crate::Scale {
         std::cmp::max(self.input, self.params)
     }
 
-    /// Returns minimum scale value
+    ///
     pub fn get_min(&self) -> crate::Scale {
         std::cmp::min(self.input, self.params)
     }
 
-    /// Creates VarScales from runtime arguments
+    /// Place in [VarScales] struct.
     pub fn from_args(args: &RunArgs) -> Self {
         Self {
             input: args.input_scale,
@@ -275,17 +270,16 @@ impl VarScales {
     }
 }
 
-/// Controls visibility settings for different parts of the model
+/// Represents whether the model input, model parameters, and model output are Public or Private to the prover.
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, Deserialize, Serialize, PartialEq, PartialOrd)]
 pub struct VarVisibility {
-    /// Visibility of model inputs
+    /// Input to the model or computational graph
     pub input: Visibility,
-    /// Visibility of model parameters (weights, biases)
+    /// Parameters, such as weights and biases, in the model
     pub params: Visibility,
-    /// Visibility of model outputs
+    /// Output of the model or computational graph
     pub output: Visibility,
 }
-
 impl std::fmt::Display for VarVisibility {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter) -> std::fmt::Result {
         write!(
@@ -307,7 +301,8 @@ impl Default for VarVisibility {
 }
 
 impl VarVisibility {
-    /// Creates visibility settings from runtime arguments
+    /// Read from cli args whether the model input, model parameters, and model output are Public or Private to the prover.
+    /// Place in [VarVisibility] struct.
     pub fn from_args(args: &RunArgs) -> Result<Self, GraphError> {
         let input_vis = &args.input_visibility;
         let params_vis = &args.param_visibility;
@@ -318,17 +313,17 @@ impl VarVisibility {
         }
 
         if !output_vis.is_public()
-            && !params_vis.is_public()
-            && !input_vis.is_public()
-            && !output_vis.is_fixed()
-            && !params_vis.is_fixed()
-            && !input_vis.is_fixed()
-            && !output_vis.is_hashed()
-            && !params_vis.is_hashed()
-            && !input_vis.is_hashed()
-            && !output_vis.is_polycommit()
-            && !params_vis.is_polycommit()
-            && !input_vis.is_polycommit()
+            & !params_vis.is_public()
+            & !input_vis.is_public()
+            & !output_vis.is_fixed()
+            & !params_vis.is_fixed()
+            & !input_vis.is_fixed()
+            & !output_vis.is_hashed()
+            & !params_vis.is_hashed()
+            & !input_vis.is_hashed()
+            & !output_vis.is_polycommit()
+            & !params_vis.is_polycommit()
+            & !input_vis.is_polycommit()
         {
             return Err(GraphError::Visibility);
         }
@@ -340,17 +335,17 @@ impl VarVisibility {
     }
 }
 
-/// Container for circuit columns used by a model
+/// A wrapper for holding all columns that will be assigned to by a model.
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 pub struct ModelVars<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd> {
-    /// Advice columns for circuit assignments
+    #[allow(missing_docs)]
     pub advices: Vec<VarTensor>,
-    /// Optional instance column for public inputs
+    #[allow(missing_docs)]
     pub instance: Option<ValTensor<F>>,
 }
 
 impl<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash> ModelVars<F> {
-    /// Gets reference to instance column if it exists
+    /// Get instance col
     pub fn get_instance_col(&self) -> Option<&Column<Instance>> {
         if let Some(instance) = &self.instance {
             match instance {
@@ -362,14 +357,14 @@ impl<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash> ModelVars<F> {
         }
     }
 
-    /// Sets initial offset for instance values
+    /// Set the initial instance offset
     pub fn set_initial_instance_offset(&mut self, offset: usize) {
         if let Some(instance) = &mut self.instance {
             instance.set_initial_instance_offset(offset);
         }
     }
 
-    /// Gets total length of instance data
+    /// Get the total instance len
     pub fn get_instance_len(&self) -> usize {
         if let Some(instance) = &self.instance {
             instance.get_total_instance_len()
@@ -378,21 +373,21 @@ impl<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash> ModelVars<F> {
         }
     }
 
-    /// Increments instance index
+    /// Increment the instance offset
     pub fn increment_instance_idx(&mut self) {
         if let Some(instance) = &mut self.instance {
             instance.increment_idx();
         }
     }
 
-    /// Sets instance index to specific value
+    /// Reset the instance offset
     pub fn set_instance_idx(&mut self, val: usize) {
         if let Some(instance) = &mut self.instance {
             instance.set_idx(val);
         }
     }
 
-    /// Gets current instance index
+    /// Get the instance offset
     pub fn get_instance_idx(&self) -> usize {
         if let Some(instance) = &self.instance {
             instance.get_idx()
@@ -401,7 +396,7 @@ impl<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash> ModelVars<F> {
         }
     }
 
-    /// Initializes instance column with specified dimensions and scale
+    ///
     pub fn instantiate_instance(
         &mut self,
         cs: &mut ConstraintSystem<F>,
@@ -422,7 +417,7 @@ impl<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash> ModelVars<F> {
         };
     }
 
-    /// Creates new ModelVars with allocated columns based on settings
+    /// Allocate all columns that will be assigned to by a model.
     pub fn new(cs: &mut ConstraintSystem<F>, params: &GraphSettings) -> Self {
         debug!("number of blinding factors: {}", cs.blinding_factors());
 

src/lib.rs

@@ -28,9 +28,6 @@
 
 //! A library for turning computational graphs, such as neural networks, into ZK-circuits.
 //!
-use log::warn;
-#[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
-use mimalloc as _;
 
 /// Error type
 // #[cfg_attr(not(feature = "ezkl"), derive(uniffi::Error))]
@@ -97,11 +94,12 @@ impl From<String> for EZKLError {
 
 use std::str::FromStr;
 
-use circuit::{CheckMode, table::Range};
+use circuit::{table::Range, CheckMode, Tolerance};
 #[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
 use clap::Args;
+#[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
 use fieldutils::IntegerRep;
-use graph::{MAX_PUBLIC_SRS, Visibility};
+use graph::Visibility;
 use halo2_proofs::poly::{
     ipa::commitment::IPACommitmentScheme, kzg::commitment::KZGCommitmentScheme,
 };
@@ -167,6 +165,7 @@ pub mod srs_sha;
 pub mod tensor;
 #[cfg(feature = "ios-bindings")]
 uniffi::setup_scaffolding!();
+
 #[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
 use lazy_static::lazy_static;
 
@@ -181,9 +180,11 @@ lazy_static! {
         .unwrap_or("8000".to_string())
         .parse()
         .unwrap();
+
     /// The serialization format for the keys
     pub static ref EZKL_KEY_FORMAT: String = std::env::var("EZKL_KEY_FORMAT")
         .unwrap_or("raw-bytes".to_string());
+
 }
 
 #[cfg(any(not(feature = "ezkl"), target_arch = "wasm32"))]
@@ -265,111 +266,80 @@ impl From<String> for Commitments {
 }
 
 /// Parameters specific to a proving run
-///
-/// RunArgs contains all configuration parameters needed to control the proving process,
-/// including scaling factors, visibility settings, and circuit parameters.
 #[derive(Debug, Deserialize, Serialize, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd)]
 #[cfg_attr(
     all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")),
     derive(Args, ToFlags)
 )]
 pub struct RunArgs {
-    /// Fixed point scaling factor for quantizing inputs
-    /// Higher values provide more precision but increase circuit complexity
+    /// The tolerance for error on model outputs
+    #[cfg_attr(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")), arg(short = 'T', long, default_value = "0", value_hint = clap::ValueHint::Other))]
+    pub tolerance: Tolerance,
+    /// The denominator in the fixed point representation used when quantizing inputs
     #[cfg_attr(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")), arg(short = 'S', long, default_value = "7", value_hint = clap::ValueHint::Other))]
     pub input_scale: Scale,
-    /// Fixed point scaling factor for quantizing parameters
-    /// Higher values provide more precision but increase circuit complexity
+    /// The denominator in the fixed point representation used when quantizing parameters
     #[cfg_attr(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")), arg(long, default_value = "7", value_hint = clap::ValueHint::Other))]
     pub param_scale: Scale,
-    /// Scale rebase threshold multiplier
-    /// When scale exceeds input_scale * multiplier, it is rebased to input_scale
-    /// Advanced parameter that should be used with caution
-    #[cfg_attr(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")), arg(long, default_value = "1", value_hint = clap::ValueHint::Other))]
+    /// if the scale is ever > scale_rebase_multiplier * input_scale then the scale is rebased to input_scale (this a more advanced parameter, use with caution)
+    #[cfg_attr(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")), arg(long, default_value = "1",  value_hint = clap::ValueHint::Other))]
     pub scale_rebase_multiplier: u32,
-    /// Range for lookup table input column values
-    /// Specified as (min, max) pair
+    /// The min and max elements in the lookup table input column
     #[cfg_attr(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")), arg(short = 'B', long, value_parser = parse_key_val::<IntegerRep, IntegerRep>, default_value = "-32768->32768"))]
     pub lookup_range: Range,
-    /// Log2 of the number of rows in the circuit
-    /// Controls circuit size and proving time
+    /// The log_2 number of rows
     #[cfg_attr(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")), arg(short = 'K', long, default_value = "17", value_hint = clap::ValueHint::Other))]
     pub logrows: u32,
-    /// Number of inner columns per block
-    /// Affects circuit layout and efficiency
+    /// The log_2 number of rows
     #[cfg_attr(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")), arg(short = 'N', long, default_value = "2", value_hint = clap::ValueHint::Other))]
     pub num_inner_cols: usize,
-    /// Graph variables for parameterizing the computation
-    /// Format: "name->value", e.g. "batch_size->1"
+    /// Hand-written parser for graph variables, eg. batch_size=1
     #[cfg_attr(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")), arg(short = 'V', long, value_parser = parse_key_val::<String, usize>, default_value = "batch_size->1", value_delimiter = ',', value_hint = clap::ValueHint::Other))]
     pub variables: Vec<(String, usize)>,
-    /// Visibility setting for input values
-    /// Controls whether inputs are public or private in the circuit
+    /// Flags whether inputs are public, private, fixed, hashed, polycommit
     #[cfg_attr(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")), arg(long, default_value = "private", value_hint = clap::ValueHint::Other))]
     pub input_visibility: Visibility,
-    /// Visibility setting for output values
-    /// Controls whether outputs are public or private in the circuit
+    /// Flags whether outputs are public, private, fixed, hashed, polycommit
     #[cfg_attr(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")), arg(long, default_value = "public", value_hint = clap::ValueHint::Other))]
     pub output_visibility: Visibility,
-    /// Visibility setting for parameters
-    /// Controls how parameters are handled in the circuit
+    /// Flags whether params are fixed, private, hashed, polycommit
     #[cfg_attr(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")), arg(long, default_value = "private", value_hint = clap::ValueHint::Other))]
     pub param_visibility: Visibility,
-    /// Whether to rebase constants with zero fractional part to scale 0
-    /// Can improve efficiency for integer constants
+    #[cfg_attr(
+        all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")),
+        arg(long, default_value = "false")
+    )]
+    /// Should constants with 0.0 fraction be rebased to scale 0
     #[cfg_attr(
         all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")),
         arg(long, default_value = "false")
     )]
     pub rebase_frac_zero_constants: bool,
-    /// Circuit checking mode
-    /// Controls level of constraint verification
+    /// check mode (safe, unsafe, etc)
     #[cfg_attr(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")), arg(long, default_value = "unsafe", value_hint = clap::ValueHint::Other))]
     pub check_mode: CheckMode,
-    /// Commitment scheme for circuit proving
-    /// Affects proof size and verification time
+    /// commitment scheme
     #[cfg_attr(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")), arg(long, default_value = "kzg", value_hint = clap::ValueHint::Other))]
     pub commitment: Option<Commitments>,
-    /// Base for number decomposition
-    /// Must be a power of 2
+    /// the base used for decompositions
     #[cfg_attr(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")), arg(long, default_value = "16384", value_hint = clap::ValueHint::Other))]
     pub decomp_base: usize,
-    /// Number of decomposition legs
-    /// Controls decomposition granularity
     #[cfg_attr(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")), arg(long, default_value = "2", value_hint = clap::ValueHint::Other))]
+    /// the number of legs used for decompositions
     pub decomp_legs: usize,
-    /// Whether to use bounded lookup for logarithm computation
     #[cfg_attr(
         all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")),
         arg(long, default_value = "false")
     )]
+    /// use unbounded lookup for the log
     pub bounded_log_lookup: bool,
-    /// Range check inputs and outputs (turn off if the inputs are felts)
-    #[cfg_attr(
-        all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")),
-        arg(long, default_value = "false")
-    )]
-    pub ignore_range_check_inputs_outputs: bool,
-    /// Optional override for epsilon value
-    #[cfg_attr(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")), arg(long))]
-    pub epsilon: Option<f64>,
-}
-
-impl RunArgs {
-    /// Returns the epsilon value
-    pub fn get_epsilon(&self) -> f64 {
-        self.epsilon.unwrap_or(f64::EPSILON)
-    }
 }
 
 impl Default for RunArgs {
-    /// Creates a new RunArgs instance with default values
-    ///
-    /// Default configuration is optimized for common use cases
-    /// while maintaining reasonable proving time and circuit size
     fn default() -> Self {
         Self {
             bounded_log_lookup: false,
+            tolerance: Tolerance::default(),
             input_scale: 7,
             param_scale: 7,
             scale_rebase_multiplier: 1,
@@ -385,140 +355,54 @@ impl Default for RunArgs {
             commitment: None,
             decomp_base: 16384,
             decomp_legs: 2,
-            ignore_range_check_inputs_outputs: false,
-            epsilon: None,
         }
     }
 }
 
 impl RunArgs {
-    /// Validates the RunArgs configuration
     ///
-    /// Performs comprehensive validation of all parameters to ensure they are within
-    /// acceptable ranges and follow required constraints. Returns accumulated errors
-    /// if any validations fail.
-    ///
-    /// # Returns
-    /// - Ok(()) if all validations pass
-    /// - Err(String) with detailed error message if any validation fails
     pub fn validate(&self) -> Result<(), String> {
-        let mut errors = Vec::new();
-
-        // check if the largest represented integer in the decomposed form overflows IntegerRep
-        //  try it with the largest possible value
-        let max_decomp = (self.decomp_base as IntegerRep).checked_pow(self.decomp_legs as u32);
-        if max_decomp.is_none() {
-            errors.push(format!(
-                "decomp_base^decomp_legs overflows IntegerRep: {}^{}",
-                self.decomp_base, self.decomp_legs
-            ));
-        }
-
-        // Visibility validations
         if self.param_visibility == Visibility::Public {
-            errors.push(
-                "Parameters cannot be public instances. Use 'fixed' or 'kzgcommit' instead"
-                    .to_string(),
+            return Err(
+                "params cannot be public instances, you are probably trying to use `fixed` or `kzgcommit`"
+                    .into(),
             );
         }
-
-        // Scale validations
         if self.scale_rebase_multiplier < 1 {
-            errors.push("scale_rebase_multiplier must be >= 1".to_string());
+            return Err("scale_rebase_multiplier must be >= 1".into());
         }
-
-        // if any of the scales are too small
-        if self.input_scale < 8 || self.param_scale < 8 {
-            warn!("low scale values (<8) may impact precision");
-        }
-
-        // Lookup range validations
         if self.lookup_range.0 > self.lookup_range.1 {
-            errors.push(format!(
-                "Invalid lookup range: min ({}) is greater than max ({})",
-                self.lookup_range.0, self.lookup_range.1
-            ));
+            return Err("lookup_range min is greater than max".into());
         }
-
-        // Size validations
         if self.logrows < 1 {
-            errors.push("logrows must be >= 1".to_string());
+            return Err("logrows must be >= 1".into());
         }
-
         if self.num_inner_cols < 1 {
-            errors.push("num_inner_cols must be >= 1".to_string());
+            return Err("num_inner_cols must be >= 1".into());
         }
-
-        let batch_size = self.variables.iter().find(|(name, _)| name == "batch_size");
-        if let Some(batch_size) = batch_size {
-            if batch_size.1 == 0 {
-                errors.push("'batch_size' cannot be 0".to_string());
-            }
-        }
-
-        // Decomposition validations
-        if self.decomp_base == 0 {
-            errors.push("decomp_base cannot be 0".to_string());
-        }
-
-        if self.decomp_legs == 0 {
-            errors.push("decomp_legs cannot be 0".to_string());
-        }
-
-        // Performance validations
-        if self.logrows > MAX_PUBLIC_SRS {
-            warn!("logrows exceeds maximum public SRS size");
-        }
-
-        // Performance warnings
-        if self.input_scale > 20 || self.param_scale > 20 {
-            warn!("High scale values (>20) may impact performance");
-        }
-
-        if errors.is_empty() {
-            Ok(())
-        } else {
-            Err(errors.join("\n"))
+        if self.tolerance.val > 0.0 && self.output_visibility != Visibility::Public {
+            return Err("tolerance > 0.0 requires output_visibility to be public".into());
         }
+        Ok(())
     }
 
-    /// Exports the configuration as JSON
-    ///
-    /// Serializes the RunArgs instance to a JSON string
-    ///
-    /// # Returns
-    /// * `Ok(String)` containing JSON representation
-    /// * `Err` if serialization fails
+    /// Export the ezkl configuration as json
     pub fn as_json(&self) -> Result<String, Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
-        let res = serde_json::to_string(&self)?;
-        Ok(res)
+        let serialized = match serde_json::to_string(&self) {
+            Ok(s) => s,
+            Err(e) => {
+                return Err(Box::new(e));
+            }
+        };
+        Ok(serialized)
     }
-
-    /// Parses configuration from JSON
-    ///
-    /// Deserializes a RunArgs instance from a JSON string
-    ///
-    /// # Arguments
-    /// * `arg_json` - JSON string containing configuration
-    ///
-    /// # Returns
-    /// * `Ok(RunArgs)` if parsing succeeds
-    /// * `Err` if parsing fails
+    /// Parse an ezkl configuration from a json
     pub fn from_json(arg_json: &str) -> Result<Self, serde_json::Error> {
         serde_json::from_str(arg_json)
     }
 }
 
-// Additional helper functions for the module
-
-/// Parses a key-value pair from a string in the format "key->value"
-///
-/// # Arguments
-/// * `s` - Input string in the format "key->value"
-///
-/// # Returns
-/// * `Ok((T, U))` - Parsed key and value
-/// * `Err` - If parsing fails
+/// Parse a single key-value pair
 #[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
 fn parse_key_val<T, U>(
     s: &str,
@@ -531,15 +415,14 @@ where
 {
     let pos = s
         .find("->")
-        .ok_or_else(|| format!("invalid KEY->VALUE: no `->` found in `{s}`"))?;
-    Ok((s[..pos].parse()?, s[pos + 2..].parse()?))
+        .ok_or_else(|| format!("invalid x->y: no `->` found in `{s}`"))?;
+    let a = s[..pos].parse()?;
+    let b = s[pos + 2..].parse()?;
+    Ok((a, b))
 }
 
-/// Verifies that a version string matches the expected artifact version
-/// Logs warnings for version mismatches or unversioned artifacts
-///
-/// # Arguments
-/// * `artifact_version` - Version string from the artifact
+/// Check if the version string matches the artifact version
+/// If the version string does not match the artifact version, log a warning
 pub fn check_version_string_matches(artifact_version: &str) {
     if artifact_version == "0.0.0"
         || artifact_version == "source - no compatibility guaranteed"
@@ -564,81 +447,3 @@ pub fn check_version_string_matches(artifact_version: &str) {
         );
     }
 }
-
-#[cfg(test)]
-#[allow(clippy::field_reassign_with_default)]
-mod tests {
-    use super::*;
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_valid_default_args() {
-        let args = RunArgs::default();
-        assert!(args.validate().is_ok());
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_invalid_param_visibility() {
-        let mut args = RunArgs::default();
-        args.param_visibility = Visibility::Public;
-        let err = args.validate().unwrap_err();
-        assert!(err.contains("Parameters cannot be public instances"));
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_invalid_scale_rebase() {
-        let mut args = RunArgs::default();
-        args.scale_rebase_multiplier = 0;
-        let err = args.validate().unwrap_err();
-        assert!(err.contains("scale_rebase_multiplier must be >= 1"));
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_invalid_lookup_range() {
-        let mut args = RunArgs::default();
-        args.lookup_range = (100, -100);
-        let err = args.validate().unwrap_err();
-        assert!(err.contains("Invalid lookup range"));
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_invalid_logrows() {
-        let mut args = RunArgs::default();
-        args.logrows = 0;
-        let err = args.validate().unwrap_err();
-        assert!(err.contains("logrows must be >= 1"));
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_invalid_inner_cols() {
-        let mut args = RunArgs::default();
-        args.num_inner_cols = 0;
-        let err = args.validate().unwrap_err();
-        assert!(err.contains("num_inner_cols must be >= 1"));
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_zero_batch_size() {
-        let mut args = RunArgs::default();
-        args.variables = vec![("batch_size".to_string(), 0)];
-        let err = args.validate().unwrap_err();
-        assert!(err.contains("'batch_size' cannot be 0"));
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_json_serialization() {
-        let args = RunArgs::default();
-        let json = args.as_json().unwrap();
-        let deserialized = RunArgs::from_json(&json).unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(args, deserialized);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_multiple_validation_errors() {
-        let mut args = RunArgs::default();
-        args.logrows = 0;
-        args.lookup_range = (100, -100);
-        let err = args.validate().unwrap_err();
-        // Should contain multiple error messages
-        assert!(err.matches("\n").count() >= 1);
-    }
-}

src/pfsys/evm/aggregation_kzg.rs

@@ -133,6 +133,7 @@ pub fn aggregate<'a>(
                 .collect_vec()
         }));
 
+        // loader.ctx().constrain_equal(cell_0, cell_1)
         let mut transcript = PoseidonTranscript::<Rc<Halo2Loader>, _>::new(loader, snark.proof());
         let proof = PlonkSuccinctVerifier::read_proof(svk, &protocol, &instances, &mut transcript)
             .map_err(|_| plonk::Error::Synthesis)?;
@@ -308,11 +309,11 @@ impl AggregationCircuit {
         })
     }
 
-    /// Number of limbs used for decomposition
+    ///
     pub fn num_limbs() -> usize {
         LIMBS
     }
-    /// Number of bits used for decomposition
+    ///
     pub fn num_bits() -> usize {
         BITS
     }

src/pfsys/mod.rs

@@ -17,16 +17,16 @@ use crate::{Commitments, EZKL_BUF_CAPACITY, EZKL_KEY_FORMAT};
 use clap::ValueEnum;
 use halo2_proofs::circuit::Value;
 use halo2_proofs::plonk::{
-    Circuit, ProvingKey, VerifyingKey, create_proof, keygen_pk, keygen_vk_custom, verify_proof,
+    create_proof, keygen_pk, keygen_vk_custom, verify_proof, Circuit, ProvingKey, VerifyingKey,
 };
-use halo2_proofs::poly::VerificationStrategy;
 use halo2_proofs::poly::commitment::{CommitmentScheme, Params, ParamsProver, Prover, Verifier};
 use halo2_proofs::poly::ipa::commitment::IPACommitmentScheme;
 use halo2_proofs::poly::kzg::commitment::KZGCommitmentScheme;
+use halo2_proofs::poly::VerificationStrategy;
 use halo2_proofs::transcript::{EncodedChallenge, TranscriptReadBuffer, TranscriptWriterBuffer};
-use halo2curves::CurveAffine;
 use halo2curves::ff::{FromUniformBytes, PrimeField, WithSmallOrderMulGroup};
 use halo2curves::serde::SerdeObject;
+use halo2curves::CurveAffine;
 use instant::Instant;
 use log::{debug, info, trace};
 #[cfg(not(feature = "det-prove"))]
@@ -51,9 +51,6 @@ use pyo3::types::PyDictMethods;
 
 use halo2curves::bn256::{Bn256, Fr, G1Affine};
 
-/// Converts a string to a `SerdeFormat`.
-/// # Panics
-/// Panics if the provided `s` is not a valid `SerdeFormat` (i.e. not one of "processed", "raw-bytes-unchecked", or "raw-bytes").
 fn serde_format_from_str(s: &str) -> halo2_proofs::SerdeFormat {
     match s {
         "processed" => halo2_proofs::SerdeFormat::Processed,
@@ -324,7 +321,7 @@ where
 }
 
 #[cfg(feature = "python-bindings")]
-use pyo3::{PyObject, Python, ToPyObject, types::PyDict};
+use pyo3::{types::PyDict, PyObject, Python, ToPyObject};
 #[cfg(feature = "python-bindings")]
 impl<F: PrimeField + SerdeObject + Serialize, C: CurveAffine + Serialize> ToPyObject for Snark<F, C>
 where
@@ -348,15 +345,14 @@ where
 }
 
 impl<
-    F: PrimeField + SerdeObject + Serialize + FromUniformBytes<64> + DeserializeOwned,
-    C: CurveAffine + Serialize + DeserializeOwned,
-> Snark<F, C>
+        F: PrimeField + SerdeObject + Serialize + FromUniformBytes<64> + DeserializeOwned,
+        C: CurveAffine + Serialize + DeserializeOwned,
+    > Snark<F, C>
 where
     C::Scalar: Serialize + DeserializeOwned,
     C::ScalarExt: Serialize + DeserializeOwned,
 {
     /// Create a new application snark from proof and instance variables ready for aggregation
-    #[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
     pub fn new(
         protocol: Option<PlonkProtocol<C>>,
         instances: Vec<Vec<F>>,
@@ -532,6 +528,7 @@ pub fn create_keys<Scheme: CommitmentScheme, C: Circuit<Scheme::Scalar>>(
     disable_selector_compression: bool,
 ) -> Result<ProvingKey<Scheme::Curve>, halo2_proofs::plonk::Error>
 where
+    C: Circuit<Scheme::Scalar>,
     <Scheme as CommitmentScheme>::Scalar: FromUniformBytes<64>,
 {
     //	Real proof
@@ -797,6 +794,7 @@ pub fn load_vk<Scheme: CommitmentScheme, C: Circuit<Scheme::Scalar>>(
     params: <C as Circuit<Scheme::Scalar>>::Params,
 ) -> Result<VerifyingKey<Scheme::Curve>, PfsysError>
 where
+    C: Circuit<Scheme::Scalar>,
     Scheme::Curve: SerdeObject + CurveAffine,
     Scheme::Scalar: PrimeField + SerdeObject + FromUniformBytes<64>,
 {
@@ -819,6 +817,7 @@ pub fn load_pk<Scheme: CommitmentScheme, C: Circuit<Scheme::Scalar>>(
     params: <C as Circuit<Scheme::Scalar>>::Params,
 ) -> Result<ProvingKey<Scheme::Curve>, PfsysError>
 where
+    C: Circuit<Scheme::Scalar>,
     Scheme::Curve: SerdeObject + CurveAffine,
     Scheme::Scalar: PrimeField + SerdeObject + FromUniformBytes<64>,
 {

src/tensor/errors.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 use thiserror::Error;
 
-use super::{ops::DecompositionError, DataFormat};
+use super::ops::DecompositionError;
 
 /// A wrapper for tensor related errors.
 #[derive(Debug, Error)]
@@ -38,13 +38,4 @@ pub enum TensorError {
     /// Decomposition error
     #[error("decomposition error: {0}")]
     DecompositionError(#[from] DecompositionError),
-    /// Invalid argument
-    #[error("invalid argument: {0}")]
-    InvalidArgument(String),
-    /// Index out of bounds
-    #[error("index {0} out of bounds for dimension {1}")]
-    IndexOutOfBounds(usize, usize),
-    /// Invalid data conversion
-    #[error("invalid data conversion from format {0} to {1}")]
-    InvalidDataConversion(DataFormat, DataFormat),
 }

src/tensor/mod.rs

@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ pub mod var;
 
 pub use errors::TensorError;
 
-use core::hash::Hash;
 use halo2curves::ff::PrimeField;
 use maybe_rayon::{
     prelude::{
@@ -27,7 +26,7 @@ pub use var::*;
 
 use crate::{
     circuit::utils,
-    fieldutils::{IntegerRep, integer_rep_to_felt},
+    fieldutils::{integer_rep_to_felt, IntegerRep},
     graph::Visibility,
 };
 
@@ -62,7 +61,7 @@ pub trait TensorType: Clone + Debug + 'static {
 }
 
 macro_rules! tensor_type {
-    ($rust_type:ty, $tensor_type:ident, $zero:expr_2021, $one:expr_2021) => {
+    ($rust_type:ty, $tensor_type:ident, $zero:expr, $one:expr) => {
         impl TensorType for $rust_type {
             fn zero() -> Option<Self> {
                 Some($zero)
@@ -415,7 +414,7 @@ impl<T: Clone + TensorType + PrimeField> Tensor<T> {
                 Err(_) => {
                     return Err(TensorError::FileLoadError(
                         "Failed to read tensor".to_string(),
-                    ));
+                    ))
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -804,12 +803,6 @@ impl<T: Clone + TensorType> Tensor<T> {
         num_repeats: usize,
         initial_offset: usize,
     ) -> Result<Tensor<T>, TensorError> {
-        if n == 0 {
-            return Err(TensorError::InvalidArgument(
-                "Cannot duplicate every 0th element".to_string(),
-            ));
-        }
-
         let mut inner: Vec<T> = Vec::with_capacity(self.inner.len());
         let mut offset = initial_offset;
         for (i, elem) in self.inner.clone().into_iter().enumerate() {
@@ -839,17 +832,11 @@ impl<T: Clone + TensorType> Tensor<T> {
         num_repeats: usize,
         initial_offset: usize,
     ) -> Result<Tensor<T>, TensorError> {
-        if n == 0 {
-            return Err(TensorError::InvalidArgument(
-                "Cannot remove every 0th element".to_string(),
-            ));
-        }
-
         // Pre-calculate capacity to avoid reallocations
         let estimated_size = self.inner.len() - (self.inner.len() / n) * num_repeats;
         let mut inner = Vec::with_capacity(estimated_size);
 
-        // Use iterator directly instead of creating intermediate collectionsif
+        // Use iterator directly instead of creating intermediate collections
         let mut i = 0;
         while i < self.inner.len() {
             // Add the current element
@@ -868,6 +855,7 @@ impl<T: Clone + TensorType> Tensor<T> {
     }
 
     /// Remove indices
+    /// WARN: assumes indices are in ascending order for speed
     /// ```
     /// use ezkl::tensor::Tensor;
     /// use ezkl::fieldutils::IntegerRep;
@@ -894,11 +882,7 @@ impl<T: Clone + TensorType> Tensor<T> {
         }
         // remove indices
         for elem in indices.iter().rev() {
-            if *elem < self.len() {
-                inner.remove(*elem);
-            } else {
-                return Err(TensorError::IndexOutOfBounds(*elem, self.len()));
-            }
+            inner.remove(*elem);
         }
 
         Tensor::new(Some(&inner), &[inner.len()])
@@ -926,9 +910,6 @@ impl<T: Clone + TensorType> Tensor<T> {
                 ));
             }
             self.dims = vec![];
-        }
-        if self.dims() == &[0] && new_dims.iter().product::<usize>() == 1 {
-            self.dims = Vec::from(new_dims);
         } else {
             let product = if new_dims != [0] {
                 new_dims.iter().product::<usize>()
@@ -1107,10 +1088,6 @@ impl<T: Clone + TensorType> Tensor<T> {
             let mut output = self.clone();
             output.reshape(shape)?;
             return Ok(output);
-        } else if self.dims() == &[0] && shape.iter().product::<usize>() == 1 {
-            let mut output = self.clone();
-            output.reshape(shape)?;
-            return Ok(output);
         }
 
         if self.dims().len() > shape.len() {
@@ -1261,7 +1238,7 @@ impl<T: Clone + TensorType> Tensor<T> {
             None => {
                 return Err(TensorError::DimError(
                     "Cannot get last element of empty tensor".to_string(),
-                ));
+                ))
             }
         };
 
@@ -1286,7 +1263,7 @@ impl<T: Clone + TensorType> Tensor<T> {
             None => {
                 return Err(TensorError::DimError(
                     "Cannot get first element of empty tensor".to_string(),
-                ));
+                ))
             }
         };
 
@@ -1666,9 +1643,7 @@ impl<T: TensorType + Div<Output = T> + std::marker::Send + std::marker::Sync> Di
 }
 
 // implement remainder
-impl<T: TensorType + Rem<Output = T> + std::marker::Send + std::marker::Sync + PartialEq> Rem
-    for Tensor<T>
-{
+impl<T: TensorType + Rem<Output = T> + std::marker::Send + std::marker::Sync> Rem for Tensor<T> {
     type Output = Result<Tensor<T>, TensorError>;
 
     /// Elementwise remainder of a tensor with another tensor.
@@ -1697,24 +1672,9 @@ impl<T: TensorType + Rem<Output = T> + std::marker::Send + std::marker::Sync + P
         let mut lhs = self.expand(&broadcasted_shape).unwrap();
         let rhs = rhs.expand(&broadcasted_shape).unwrap();
 
-        lhs.par_iter_mut()
-            .zip(rhs)
-            .map(|(o, r)| match T::zero() {
-                Some(zero) => {
-                    if r != zero {
-                        *o = o.clone() % r;
-                        Ok(())
-                    } else {
-                        Err(TensorError::InvalidArgument(
-                            "Cannot divide by zero in remainder".to_string(),
-                        ))
-                    }
-                }
-                _ => Err(TensorError::InvalidArgument(
-                    "Undefined zero value".to_string(),
-                )),
-            })
-            .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?;
+        lhs.par_iter_mut().zip(rhs).for_each(|(o, r)| {
+            *o = o.clone() % r;
+        });
 
         Ok(lhs)
     }
@@ -1749,6 +1709,7 @@ impl<T: TensorType + Rem<Output = T> + std::marker::Send + std::marker::Sync + P
 /// assert_eq!(c, vec![2, 3]);
 ///
 /// ```
+
 pub fn get_broadcasted_shape(
     shape_a: &[usize],
     shape_b: &[usize],
@@ -1756,247 +1717,23 @@ pub fn get_broadcasted_shape(
     let num_dims_a = shape_a.len();
     let num_dims_b = shape_b.len();
 
-    if num_dims_a == num_dims_b {
-        let mut broadcasted_shape = Vec::with_capacity(num_dims_a);
-        for (dim_a, dim_b) in shape_a.iter().zip(shape_b.iter()) {
-            let max_dim = dim_a.max(dim_b);
-            broadcasted_shape.push(*max_dim);
+    match (num_dims_a, num_dims_b) {
+        (a, b) if a == b => {
+            let mut broadcasted_shape = Vec::with_capacity(num_dims_a);
+            for (dim_a, dim_b) in shape_a.iter().zip(shape_b.iter()) {
+                let max_dim = dim_a.max(dim_b);
+                broadcasted_shape.push(*max_dim);
+            }
+            Ok(broadcasted_shape)
         }
-        Ok(broadcasted_shape)
-    } else if num_dims_a < num_dims_b {
-        Ok(shape_b.to_vec())
-    } else if num_dims_a > num_dims_b {
-        Ok(shape_a.to_vec())
-    } else {
-        Err(TensorError::DimError(
+        (a, b) if a < b => Ok(shape_b.to_vec()),
+        (a, b) if a > b => Ok(shape_a.to_vec()),
+        _ => Err(TensorError::DimError(
             "Unknown condition for broadcasting".to_string(),
-        ))
+        )),
     }
 }
 ////////////////////////
-///
-
-/// The shape of data for some operations
-#[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq, Default, Copy)]
-pub enum DataFormat {
-    /// NCHW
-    #[default]
-    NCHW,
-    /// NHWC
-    NHWC,
-    /// CHW
-    CHW,
-    /// HWC
-    HWC,
-}
-
-// as str
-impl core::fmt::Display for DataFormat {
-    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
-        match self {
-            DataFormat::NCHW => write!(f, "NCHW"),
-            DataFormat::NHWC => write!(f, "NHWC"),
-            DataFormat::CHW => write!(f, "CHW"),
-            DataFormat::HWC => write!(f, "HWC"),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl DataFormat {
-    /// Get the format's canonical form
-    pub fn canonical(&self) -> DataFormat {
-        match self {
-            DataFormat::NHWC => DataFormat::NCHW,
-            DataFormat::HWC => DataFormat::CHW,
-            _ => self.clone(),
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// no batch dim
-    pub fn has_no_batch(&self) -> bool {
-        match self {
-            DataFormat::CHW | DataFormat::HWC => true,
-            _ => false,
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Convert tensor to canonical format (NCHW or CHW)
-    pub fn to_canonical<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + Hash>(
-        &self,
-        tensor: &mut ValTensor<F>,
-    ) -> Result<(), TensorError> {
-        match self {
-            DataFormat::NHWC => {
-                // For ND: Move channels from last axis to position after batch
-                let ndims = tensor.dims().len();
-                if ndims > 2 {
-                    tensor.move_axis(ndims - 1, 1)?;
-                }
-            }
-            DataFormat::HWC => {
-                // For ND: Move channels from last axis to first position
-                let ndims = tensor.dims().len();
-                if ndims > 1 {
-                    tensor.move_axis(ndims - 1, 0)?;
-                }
-            }
-            _ => {} // NCHW/CHW are already in canonical format
-        }
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    /// Convert tensor from canonical format to target format
-    pub fn from_canonical<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + Hash>(
-        &self,
-        tensor: &mut ValTensor<F>,
-    ) -> Result<(), TensorError> {
-        match self {
-            DataFormat::NHWC => {
-                // Move channels from position 1 to end
-                let ndims = tensor.dims().len();
-                if ndims > 2 {
-                    tensor.move_axis(1, ndims - 1)?;
-                }
-            }
-            DataFormat::HWC => {
-                // Move channels from position 0 to end
-                let ndims = tensor.dims().len();
-                if ndims > 1 {
-                    tensor.move_axis(0, ndims - 1)?;
-                }
-            }
-            _ => {} // NCHW/CHW don't need conversion
-        }
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    /// Get the position of the channel dimension
-    pub fn get_channel_dim(&self, ndims: usize) -> usize {
-        match self {
-            DataFormat::NCHW => 1,
-            DataFormat::NHWC => ndims - 1,
-            DataFormat::CHW => 0,
-            DataFormat::HWC => ndims - 1,
-        }
-    }
-}
-/// The shape of the kernel for some operations
-#[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq, Default, Copy)]
-pub enum KernelFormat {
-    /// HWIO
-    HWIO,
-    /// OIHW
-    #[default]
-    OIHW,
-    /// OHWI
-    OHWI,
-}
-
-impl core::fmt::Display for KernelFormat {
-    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
-        match self {
-            KernelFormat::HWIO => write!(f, "HWIO"),
-            KernelFormat::OIHW => write!(f, "OIHW"),
-            KernelFormat::OHWI => write!(f, "OHWI"),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl KernelFormat {
-    /// Get the format's canonical form
-    pub fn canonical(&self) -> KernelFormat {
-        match self {
-            KernelFormat::HWIO => KernelFormat::OIHW,
-            KernelFormat::OHWI => KernelFormat::OIHW,
-            _ => self.clone(),
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Convert kernel to canonical format (OIHW)
-    pub fn to_canonical<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + Hash>(
-        &self,
-        kernel: &mut ValTensor<F>,
-    ) -> Result<(), TensorError> {
-        match self {
-            KernelFormat::HWIO => {
-                let kdims = kernel.dims().len();
-                // Move output channels from last to first
-                kernel.move_axis(kdims - 1, 0)?;
-                // Move input channels from new last to second position
-                kernel.move_axis(kdims - 1, 1)?;
-            }
-            KernelFormat::OHWI => {
-                let kdims = kernel.dims().len();
-                // Move input channels from last to second position
-                kernel.move_axis(kdims - 1, 1)?;
-            }
-            _ => {} // OIHW is already canonical
-        }
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    /// Convert kernel from canonical format to target format
-    pub fn from_canonical<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + Hash>(
-        &self,
-        kernel: &mut ValTensor<F>,
-    ) -> Result<(), TensorError> {
-        match self {
-            KernelFormat::HWIO => {
-                let kdims = kernel.dims().len();
-                // Move input channels from second position to last
-                kernel.move_axis(1, kdims - 1)?;
-                // Move output channels from first to last
-                kernel.move_axis(0, kdims - 1)?;
-            }
-            KernelFormat::OHWI => {
-                let kdims = kernel.dims().len();
-                // Move input channels from second position to last
-                kernel.move_axis(1, kdims - 1)?;
-            }
-            _ => {} // OIHW doesn't need conversion
-        }
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    /// Get the position of input and output channel dimensions
-    pub fn get_channel_dims(&self, ndims: usize) -> (usize, usize) {
-        // (input_ch, output_ch)
-        match self {
-            KernelFormat::OIHW => (1, 0),
-            KernelFormat::HWIO => (ndims - 2, ndims - 1),
-            KernelFormat::OHWI => (ndims - 1, 0),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-#[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
-impl From<tract_onnx::tract_hir::ops::nn::DataFormat> for DataFormat {
-    fn from(fmt: tract_onnx::tract_hir::ops::nn::DataFormat) -> Self {
-        match fmt {
-            tract_onnx::tract_hir::ops::nn::DataFormat::NCHW => DataFormat::NCHW,
-            tract_onnx::tract_hir::ops::nn::DataFormat::NHWC => DataFormat::NHWC,
-            tract_onnx::tract_hir::ops::nn::DataFormat::CHW => DataFormat::CHW,
-            tract_onnx::tract_hir::ops::nn::DataFormat::HWC => DataFormat::HWC,
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-#[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
-impl From<tract_onnx::tract_hir::tract_core::ops::cnn::conv::KernelFormat> for KernelFormat {
-    fn from(fmt: tract_onnx::tract_hir::tract_core::ops::cnn::conv::KernelFormat) -> Self {
-        match fmt {
-            tract_onnx::tract_hir::tract_core::ops::cnn::conv::KernelFormat::HWIO => {
-                KernelFormat::HWIO
-            }
-            tract_onnx::tract_hir::tract_core::ops::cnn::conv::KernelFormat::OIHW => {
-                KernelFormat::OIHW
-            }
-            tract_onnx::tract_hir::tract_core::ops::cnn::conv::KernelFormat::OHWI => {
-                KernelFormat::OHWI
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {

src/tensor/ops.rs

@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ pub fn decompose(
 ///
 /// let result = trilu(&a, 0, false).unwrap();
 /// let expected = Tensor::<IntegerRep>::new(Some(&[1, 0, 3, 4, 5, 6]), &[1, 3, 2]).unwrap();
-/// assert_eq!(result, expected);
+/// assert_eq!(result, expected);  
 ///
 /// let result = trilu(&a, -1, true).unwrap();
 /// let expected = Tensor::<IntegerRep>::new(Some(&[1, 2, 3, 4, 0, 6]), &[1, 3, 2]).unwrap();
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ pub fn decompose(
 ///
 /// let result = trilu(&a, -1, false).unwrap();
 /// let expected = Tensor::<IntegerRep>::new(Some(&[0, 0, 3, 0, 5, 6]), &[1, 3, 2]).unwrap();
-/// assert_eq!(result, expected);
+/// assert_eq!(result, expected);  
 ///
 /// let a = Tensor::<IntegerRep>::new(
 ///   Some(&[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]),
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ pub fn decompose(
 ///
 /// let result = trilu(&a, 0, false).unwrap();
 /// let expected = Tensor::<IntegerRep>::new(Some(&[1, 0, 0, 4, 5, 0]), &[1, 2, 3]).unwrap();
-/// assert_eq!(result, expected);
+/// assert_eq!(result, expected);  
 ///
 /// let result = trilu(&a, -1, true).unwrap();
 /// let expected = Tensor::<IntegerRep>::new(Some(&[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]), &[1, 2, 3]).unwrap();
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ pub fn decompose(
 ///
 /// let result = trilu(&a, -1, false).unwrap();
 /// let expected = Tensor::<IntegerRep>::new(Some(&[0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0]), &[1, 2, 3]).unwrap();
-/// assert_eq!(result, expected);
+/// assert_eq!(result, expected);  
 ///
 /// let a = Tensor::<IntegerRep>::new(
 ///   Some(&[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]),
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ pub fn decompose(
 ///
 /// let result = trilu(&a, 0, false).unwrap();
 /// let expected = Tensor::<IntegerRep>::new(Some(&[1, 0, 0, 4, 5, 0, 7, 8, 9]), &[1, 3, 3]).unwrap();
-/// assert_eq!(result, expected);
+/// assert_eq!(result, expected);  
 ///
 /// let result = trilu(&a, -1, true).unwrap();
 /// let expected = Tensor::<IntegerRep>::new(Some(&[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 0, 8, 9]), &[1, 3, 3]).unwrap();
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ pub fn decompose(
 ///
 /// let result = trilu(&a, -1, false).unwrap();
 /// let expected = Tensor::<IntegerRep>::new(Some(&[0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 7, 8, 0]), &[1, 3, 3]).unwrap();
-/// assert_eq!(result, expected);
+/// assert_eq!(result, expected);  
 /// ```
 pub fn trilu<T: TensorType + std::marker::Send + std::marker::Sync>(
     a: &Tensor<T>,
@@ -385,12 +385,6 @@ pub fn resize<T: TensorType + Send + Sync>(
 pub fn add<T: TensorType + Add<Output = T> + std::marker::Send + std::marker::Sync>(
     t: &[Tensor<T>],
 ) -> Result<Tensor<T>, TensorError> {
-    if t.len() == 1 {
-        return Ok(t[0].clone());
-    } else if t.is_empty() {
-        return Err(TensorError::DimMismatch("add".to_string()));
-    }
-
     // calculate value of output
     let mut output: Tensor<T> = t[0].clone();
 
@@ -439,11 +433,6 @@ pub fn add<T: TensorType + Add<Output = T> + std::marker::Send + std::marker::Sy
 pub fn sub<T: TensorType + Sub<Output = T> + std::marker::Send + std::marker::Sync>(
     t: &[Tensor<T>],
 ) -> Result<Tensor<T>, TensorError> {
-    if t.len() == 1 {
-        return Ok(t[0].clone());
-    } else if t.is_empty() {
-        return Err(TensorError::DimMismatch("sub".to_string()));
-    }
     // calculate value of output
     let mut output: Tensor<T> = t[0].clone();
 
@@ -490,11 +479,6 @@ pub fn sub<T: TensorType + Sub<Output = T> + std::marker::Send + std::marker::Sy
 pub fn mult<T: TensorType + Mul<Output = T> + std::marker::Send + std::marker::Sync>(
     t: &[Tensor<T>],
 ) -> Result<Tensor<T>, TensorError> {
-    if t.len() == 1 {
-        return Ok(t[0].clone());
-    } else if t.is_empty() {
-        return Err(TensorError::DimMismatch("mult".to_string()));
-    }
     // calculate value of output
     let mut output: Tensor<T> = t[0].clone();
 
@@ -535,101 +519,30 @@ pub fn mult<T: TensorType + Mul<Output = T> + std::marker::Send + std::marker::S
 /// let result = downsample(&x, 1, 2, 2).unwrap();
 /// let expected = Tensor::<IntegerRep>::new(Some(&[3, 6]), &[2, 1]).unwrap();
 /// assert_eq!(result, expected);
-/// let x = Tensor::<IntegerRep>::new(
-///     Some(&[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]),
-///     &[2, 3],
-/// ).unwrap();
-///
-/// // Test case 1: Negative stride along dimension 0
-/// // This should flip the order along dimension 0
-/// let result = downsample(&x, 0, -1, 0).unwrap();
-/// let expected = Tensor::<IntegerRep>::new(
-///     Some(&[4, 5, 6, 1, 2, 3]), // Flipped order of rows
-///     &[2, 3]
-/// ).unwrap();
-/// assert_eq!(result, expected);
-///
-/// // Test case 2: Negative stride along dimension 1
-/// // This should flip the order along dimension 1
-/// let result = downsample(&x, 1, -1, 0).unwrap();
-/// let expected = Tensor::<IntegerRep>::new(
-///     Some(&[3, 2, 1, 6, 5, 4]), // Flipped order of columns
-///     &[2, 3]
-/// ).unwrap();
-/// assert_eq!(result, expected);
-///
-/// // Test case 3: Negative stride with stride magnitude > 1
-/// // This should both skip and flip
-/// let result = downsample(&x, 1, -2, 0).unwrap();
-/// let expected = Tensor::<IntegerRep>::new(
-///     Some(&[3, 1, 6, 4]), // Take every 2nd element in reverse
-///     &[2, 2]
-/// ).unwrap();
-/// assert_eq!(result, expected);
-///
-/// // Test case 4: Negative stride with non-zero modulo
-/// // This should start at (size - 1 - modulo) and reverse
-/// let result = downsample(&x, 1, -2, 1).unwrap();
-/// let expected = Tensor::<IntegerRep>::new(
-///     Some(&[2, 5]), // Start at second element from end, take every 2nd in reverse
-///     &[2, 1]
-/// ).unwrap();
-/// assert_eq!(result, expected);
-///
-/// // Create a larger test case for more complex downsampling
-/// let y = Tensor::<IntegerRep>::new(
-///     Some(&[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12]),
-///     &[3, 4],
-/// ).unwrap();
-///
-/// // Test case 5: Negative stride with modulo on larger tensor
-/// let result = downsample(&y, 1, -2, 1).unwrap();
-/// let expected = Tensor::<IntegerRep>::new(
-///     Some(&[3, 1, 7, 5, 11, 9]), // Start at one after reverse, take every 2nd
-///     &[3, 2]
-/// ).unwrap();
-/// assert_eq!(result, expected);
-/// ```
 pub fn downsample<T: TensorType + Send + Sync>(
     input: &Tensor<T>,
     dim: usize,
-    stride: isize, // Changed from usize to isize to support negative strides
+    stride: usize,
     modulo: usize,
 ) -> Result<Tensor<T>, TensorError> {
-    // Handle negative stride case
-    if stride == 0 {
-        return Err(TensorError::DimMismatch(
-            "downsample stride cannot be zero".to_string(),
-        ));
-    }
-
-    let stride_abs = stride.unsigned_abs();
     let mut output_shape = input.dims().to_vec();
+    // now downsample along axis dim offset by modulo, rounding up (+1 if remaidner is non-zero)
+    let remainder = (input.dims()[dim] - modulo) % stride;
+    let div = (input.dims()[dim] - modulo) / stride;
+    output_shape[dim] = div + (remainder > 0) as usize;
+    let mut output = Tensor::<T>::new(None, &output_shape)?;
 
-    if modulo >= input.dims()[dim] {
+    if modulo > input.dims()[dim] {
         return Err(TensorError::DimMismatch("downsample".to_string()));
     }
 
-    // Calculate output shape based on the absolute value of stride
-    let remainder = (input.dims()[dim] - modulo) % stride_abs;
-    let div = (input.dims()[dim] - modulo) / stride_abs;
-    output_shape[dim] = div + (remainder > 0) as usize;
-
-    let mut output = Tensor::<T>::new(None, &output_shape)?;
-
-    // Calculate indices based on stride direction
+    // now downsample along axis dim offset by modulo
     let indices = (0..output_shape.len())
         .map(|i| {
             if i == dim {
                 let mut index = vec![0; output_shape[i]];
-                for (j, idx) in index.iter_mut().enumerate() {
-                    if stride > 0 {
-                        // Positive stride: move forward from modulo
-                        *idx = j * stride_abs + modulo;
-                    } else {
-                        // Negative stride: move backward from (size - 1 - modulo)
-                        *idx = (input.dims()[dim] - 1 - modulo) - j * stride_abs;
-                    }
+                for (i, idx) in index.iter_mut().enumerate() {
+                    *idx = i * stride + modulo;
                 }
                 index
             } else {
@@ -1397,6 +1310,7 @@ pub fn pad<T: TensorType>(
 ///
 /// # Errors
 /// Returns a TensorError if the tensors in `inputs` have incompatible dimensions for concatenation along the specified `axis`.
+
 pub fn concat<T: TensorType + Send + Sync>(
     inputs: &[&Tensor<T>],
     axis: usize,
@@ -1859,14 +1773,14 @@ pub mod nonlinearities {
     ///     Some(&[4, 25, 8, 1, 1, 1]),
     ///     &[2, 3],
     /// ).unwrap();
-    /// let result = rsqrt(&x, 1.0, f64::EPSILON);
+    /// let result = rsqrt(&x, 1.0);
     /// let expected = Tensor::<IntegerRep>::new(Some(&[1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1]), &[2, 3]).unwrap();
     /// assert_eq!(result, expected);
     /// ```
-    pub fn rsqrt(a: &Tensor<IntegerRep>, scale_input: f64, eps: f64) -> Tensor<IntegerRep> {
+    pub fn rsqrt(a: &Tensor<IntegerRep>, scale_input: f64) -> Tensor<IntegerRep> {
         a.par_enum_map(|_, a_i| {
             let kix = (a_i as f64) / scale_input;
-            let fout = scale_input / (kix.sqrt() + eps);
+            let fout = scale_input / (kix.sqrt() + f64::EPSILON);
             let rounded = fout.round();
             Ok::<_, TensorError>(rounded as IntegerRep)
         })
@@ -2172,6 +2086,7 @@ pub mod nonlinearities {
     /// let expected = Tensor::<IntegerRep>::new(Some(&[4, 25, 8, 1, 1, 0]), &[2, 3]).unwrap();
     /// assert_eq!(result, expected);
     /// ```
+
     pub fn tanh(a: &Tensor<IntegerRep>, scale_input: f64) -> Tensor<IntegerRep> {
         a.par_enum_map(|_, a_i| {
             let kix = (a_i as f64) / scale_input;
@@ -2339,23 +2254,14 @@ pub mod nonlinearities {
     ///     &[2, 3],
     /// ).unwrap();
     /// let k = 2_f64;
-    /// let result = recip(&x, 1.0, k, f64::EPSILON);
+    /// let result = recip(&x, 1.0, k);
     /// let expected = Tensor::<IntegerRep>::new(Some(&[1, 2, 1, 0, 2, 2]), &[2, 3]).unwrap();
     /// assert_eq!(result, expected);
     /// ```
-    pub fn recip(
-        a: &Tensor<IntegerRep>,
-        input_scale: f64,
-        out_scale: f64,
-        eps: f64,
-    ) -> Tensor<IntegerRep> {
+    pub fn recip(a: &Tensor<IntegerRep>, input_scale: f64, out_scale: f64) -> Tensor<IntegerRep> {
         a.par_enum_map(|_, a_i| {
             let rescaled = (a_i as f64) / input_scale;
-            let denom = if rescaled == 0_f64 {
-                (1_f64) / (rescaled + eps)
-            } else {
-                (1_f64) / (rescaled)
-            };
+            let denom = (1_f64) / (rescaled + f64::EPSILON);
             let d_inv_x = out_scale * denom;
             Ok::<_, TensorError>(d_inv_x.round() as IntegerRep)
         })
@@ -2371,16 +2277,16 @@ pub mod nonlinearities {
     /// use ezkl::fieldutils::IntegerRep;
     /// use ezkl::tensor::ops::nonlinearities::zero_recip;
     /// let k = 2_f64;
-    /// let result = zero_recip(1.0, f64::EPSILON);
+    /// let result = zero_recip(1.0);
     /// let expected = Tensor::<IntegerRep>::new(Some(&[4503599627370496]), &[1]).unwrap();
     /// assert_eq!(result, expected);
     /// ```
-    pub fn zero_recip(out_scale: f64, eps: f64) -> Tensor<IntegerRep> {
+    pub fn zero_recip(out_scale: f64) -> Tensor<IntegerRep> {
         let a = Tensor::<IntegerRep>::new(Some(&[0]), &[1]).unwrap();
 
         a.par_enum_map(|_, a_i| {
             let rescaled = a_i as f64;
-            let denom = (1_f64) / (rescaled + eps);
+            let denom = (1_f64) / (rescaled + f64::EPSILON);
             let d_inv_x = out_scale * denom;
             Ok::<_, TensorError>(d_inv_x.round() as IntegerRep)
         })

src/tensor/var.rs

@@ -2,38 +2,36 @@ use std::collections::HashSet;
 
 use log::{debug, error, warn};
 
-use crate::circuit::{CheckMode, region::ConstantsMap};
+use crate::circuit::{region::ConstantsMap, CheckMode};
 
 use super::*;
-/// A wrapper around Halo2's Column types that represents a tensor of variables in the circuit.
-/// VarTensors are used to store and manage circuit columns, typically for assigning ValTensor
-/// values during circuit layout. The tensor organizes storage into blocks of columns, where each
-/// block contains multiple columns and each column contains multiple rows.
+/// A wrapper around Halo2's `Column<Fixed>` or `Column<Advice>`.
+/// Typically assign [ValTensor]s to [VarTensor]s when laying out a circuit.
 #[derive(Clone, Default, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
 pub enum VarTensor {
     /// A VarTensor for holding Advice values, which are assigned at proving time.
     Advice {
         /// Vec of Advice columns, we have [[xx][xx][xx]...] where each inner vec is xx columns
         inner: Vec<Vec<Column<Advice>>>,
-        /// The number of columns in each inner block
+        ///
         num_inner_cols: usize,
         /// Number of rows available to be used in each column of the storage
         col_size: usize,
     },
-    /// A placeholder tensor used for testing or temporary storage
+    /// Dummy var
     Dummy {
-        /// The number of columns in each inner block
+        ///
         num_inner_cols: usize,
         /// Number of rows available to be used in each column of the storage
         col_size: usize,
     },
-    /// An empty tensor with no storage
+    /// Empty var
     #[default]
     Empty,
 }
 
 impl VarTensor {
-    /// Returns the name of the tensor variant as a static string
+    /// name of the tensor
     pub fn name(&self) -> &'static str {
         match self {
             VarTensor::Advice { .. } => "Advice",
@@ -42,35 +40,22 @@ impl VarTensor {
         }
     }
 
-    /// Returns true if the tensor is an Advice variant
+    ///
     pub fn is_advice(&self) -> bool {
         matches!(self, VarTensor::Advice { .. })
     }
 
-    /// Calculates the maximum number of usable rows in the constraint system
     ///
-    /// # Arguments
-    /// * `cs` - The constraint system
-    /// * `logrows` - Log base 2 of the total number of rows (including system and blinding rows)
-    ///
-    /// # Returns
-    /// The maximum number of usable rows after accounting for blinding factors
     pub fn max_rows<F: PrimeField>(cs: &ConstraintSystem<F>, logrows: usize) -> usize {
         let base = 2u32;
         base.pow(logrows as u32) as usize - cs.blinding_factors() - 1
     }
 
-    /// Creates a new VarTensor::Advice with unblinded columns. Unblinded columns are used when
-    /// the values do not need to be hidden in the proof.
-    ///
-    /// # Arguments
-    /// * `cs` - The constraint system to create columns in
-    /// * `logrows` - Log base 2 of the total number of rows
-    /// * `num_inner_cols` - Number of columns in each inner block
-    /// * `capacity` - Total number of advice cells to allocate
-    ///
-    /// # Returns
-    /// A new VarTensor::Advice with unblinded columns enabled for equality constraints
+    /// Create a new VarTensor::Advice that is unblinded
+    /// Arguments
+    /// * `cs` - The constraint system
+    /// * `logrows` - log2 number of rows in the matrix, including any system and blinding rows.
+    /// * `capacity` - The number of advice cells to allocate
     pub fn new_unblinded_advice<F: PrimeField>(
         cs: &mut ConstraintSystem<F>,
         logrows: usize,
@@ -108,17 +93,11 @@ impl VarTensor {
         }
     }
 
-    /// Creates a new VarTensor::Advice with standard (blinded) columns, used when
-    /// the values need to be hidden in the proof.
-    ///
-    /// # Arguments
-    /// * `cs` - The constraint system to create columns in
-    /// * `logrows` - Log base 2 of the total number of rows
-    /// * `num_inner_cols` - Number of columns in each inner block
-    /// * `capacity` - Total number of advice cells to allocate
-    ///
-    /// # Returns
-    /// A new VarTensor::Advice with blinded columns enabled for equality constraints
+    /// Create a new VarTensor::Advice
+    /// Arguments
+    /// * `cs` - The constraint system
+    /// * `logrows` - log2 number of rows in the matrix, including any system and blinding rows.
+    /// * `capacity` - The number of advice cells to allocate
     pub fn new_advice<F: PrimeField>(
         cs: &mut ConstraintSystem<F>,
         logrows: usize,
@@ -154,17 +133,11 @@ impl VarTensor {
         }
     }
 
-    /// Initializes fixed columns in the constraint system to support the VarTensor::Advice
-    /// Fixed columns are used for constant values that are known at circuit creation time.
-    ///
-    /// # Arguments
-    /// * `cs` - The constraint system to create columns in
-    /// * `logrows` - Log base 2 of the total number of rows
-    /// * `num_constants` - Number of constant values needed
-    /// * `module_requires_fixed` - Whether the module requires at least one fixed column
-    ///
-    /// # Returns
-    /// The number of fixed columns created
+    /// Initializes fixed columns to support the VarTensor::Advice
+    /// Arguments
+    /// * `cs` - The constraint system
+    /// * `logrows` - log2 number of rows in the matrix, including any system and blinding rows.
+    /// * `capacity` - The number of advice cells to allocate
     pub fn constant_cols<F: PrimeField>(
         cs: &mut ConstraintSystem<F>,
         logrows: usize,
@@ -196,14 +169,7 @@ impl VarTensor {
         modulo
     }
 
-    /// Creates a new dummy VarTensor for testing or temporary storage
-    ///
-    /// # Arguments
-    /// * `logrows` - Log base 2 of the total number of rows
-    /// * `num_inner_cols` - Number of columns in each inner block
-    ///
-    /// # Returns
-    /// A new VarTensor::Dummy with the specified dimensions
+    /// Create a new VarTensor::Dummy
     pub fn dummy(logrows: usize, num_inner_cols: usize) -> Self {
         let base = 2u32;
         let max_rows = base.pow(logrows as u32) as usize - 6;
@@ -213,7 +179,7 @@ impl VarTensor {
         }
     }
 
-    /// Returns the number of blocks in the tensor
+    /// Gets the dims of the object the VarTensor represents
     pub fn num_blocks(&self) -> usize {
         match self {
             VarTensor::Advice { inner, .. } => inner.len(),
@@ -221,7 +187,7 @@ impl VarTensor {
         }
     }
 
-    /// Returns the number of columns in each inner block
+    /// Num inner cols
     pub fn num_inner_cols(&self) -> usize {
         match self {
             VarTensor::Advice { num_inner_cols, .. } | VarTensor::Dummy { num_inner_cols, .. } => {
@@ -231,7 +197,7 @@ impl VarTensor {
         }
     }
 
-    /// Returns the total number of columns across all blocks
+    /// Total number of columns
     pub fn num_cols(&self) -> usize {
         match self {
             VarTensor::Advice { inner, .. } => inner[0].len() * inner.len(),
@@ -239,7 +205,7 @@ impl VarTensor {
         }
     }
 
-    /// Returns the maximum number of rows in each column
+    /// Gets the size of each column
     pub fn col_size(&self) -> usize {
         match self {
             VarTensor::Advice { col_size, .. } | VarTensor::Dummy { col_size, .. } => *col_size,
@@ -247,7 +213,7 @@ impl VarTensor {
         }
     }
 
-    /// Returns the total size of each block (num_inner_cols * col_size)
+    /// Gets the size of each column
     pub fn block_size(&self) -> usize {
         match self {
             VarTensor::Advice {
@@ -264,13 +230,7 @@ impl VarTensor {
         }
     }
 
-    /// Converts a linear coordinate to (block, column, row) coordinates in the storage
-    ///
-    /// # Arguments
-    /// * `linear_coord` - The linear index to convert
-    ///
-    /// # Returns
-    /// A tuple of (block_index, column_index, row_index)
+    /// Take a linear coordinate and output the (column, row) position in the storage block.
     pub fn cartesian_coord(&self, linear_coord: usize) -> (usize, usize, usize) {
         // x indexes over blocks of size num_inner_cols
         let x = linear_coord / self.block_size();
@@ -283,17 +243,7 @@ impl VarTensor {
 }
 
 impl VarTensor {
-    /// Queries a range of cells in the tensor during circuit synthesis
-    ///
-    /// # Arguments
-    /// * `meta` - Virtual cells accessor
-    /// * `x` - Block index
-    /// * `y` - Column index within block
-    /// * `z` - Starting row offset
-    /// * `rng` - Number of consecutive rows to query
-    ///
-    /// # Returns
-    /// A tensor of expressions representing the queried cells
+    /// Retrieve the value of a specific cell in the tensor.
     pub fn query_rng<F: PrimeField>(
         &self,
         meta: &mut VirtualCells<'_, F>,
@@ -318,16 +268,7 @@ impl VarTensor {
         }
     }
 
-    /// Queries an entire block of cells at a given offset
-    ///
-    /// # Arguments
-    /// * `meta` - Virtual cells accessor
-    /// * `x` - Block index
-    /// * `z` - Row offset
-    /// * `rng` - Number of consecutive rows to query
-    ///
-    /// # Returns
-    /// A tensor of expressions representing the queried block
+    /// Retrieve the value of a specific block at an offset in the tensor.
     pub fn query_whole_block<F: PrimeField>(
         &self,
         meta: &mut VirtualCells<'_, F>,
@@ -352,16 +293,7 @@ impl VarTensor {
         }
     }
 
-    /// Assigns a constant value to a specific cell in the tensor
-    ///
-    /// # Arguments
-    /// * `region` - The region to assign values in
-    /// * `offset` - Base offset for the assignment
-    /// * `coord` - Coordinate within the tensor
-    /// * `constant` - The constant value to assign
-    ///
-    /// # Returns
-    /// The assigned cell or an error if assignment fails
+    /// Assigns a constant value to a specific cell in the tensor.
     pub fn assign_constant<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd>(
         &self,
         region: &mut Region<F>,
@@ -381,17 +313,7 @@ impl VarTensor {
         }
     }
 
-    /// Assigns values from a ValTensor to this tensor, excluding specified positions
-    ///
-    /// # Arguments
-    /// * `region` - The region to assign values in
-    /// * `offset` - Base offset for assignments
-    /// * `values` - The ValTensor containing values to assign
-    /// * `omissions` - Set of positions to skip during assignment
-    /// * `constants` - Map for tracking constant assignments
-    ///
-    /// # Returns
-    /// The assigned ValTensor or an error if assignment fails
+    /// Assigns [ValTensor] to the columns of the inner tensor.
     pub fn assign_with_omissions<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash>(
         &self,
         region: &mut Region<F>,
@@ -403,10 +325,7 @@ impl VarTensor {
         let mut assigned_coord = 0;
         let mut res: ValTensor<F> = match values {
             ValTensor::Instance { .. } => {
-                error!(
-                    "assignment with omissions is not supported on instance columns. increase K if you require more rows."
-                );
-                Err(halo2_proofs::plonk::Error::Synthesis)
+                unimplemented!("cannot assign instance to advice columns with omissions")
             }
             ValTensor::Value { inner: v, .. } => Ok::<ValTensor<F>, halo2_proofs::plonk::Error>(
                 v.enum_map(|coord, k| {
@@ -425,16 +344,7 @@ impl VarTensor {
         Ok(res)
     }
 
-    /// Assigns values from a ValTensor to this tensor
-    ///
-    /// # Arguments
-    /// * `region` - The region to assign values in
-    /// * `offset` - Base offset for assignments
-    /// * `values` - The ValTensor containing values to assign
-    /// * `constants` - Map for tracking constant assignments
-    ///
-    /// # Returns
-    /// The assigned ValTensor or an error if assignment fails
+    /// Assigns [ValTensor] to the columns of the inner tensor.
     pub fn assign<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash>(
         &self,
         region: &mut Region<F>,
@@ -486,23 +396,14 @@ impl VarTensor {
         Ok(res)
     }
 
-    /// Returns the remaining available space in a column for assignments
-    ///
-    /// # Arguments
-    /// * `offset` - Current offset in the column
-    /// * `values` - The ValTensor to check space for
-    ///
-    /// # Returns
-    /// The number of rows that need to be flushed or an error if space is insufficient
+    /// Helper function to get the remaining size of the column
     pub fn get_column_flush<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash>(
         &self,
         offset: usize,
         values: &ValTensor<F>,
     ) -> Result<usize, halo2_proofs::plonk::Error> {
         if values.len() > self.col_size() {
-            error!(
-                "There are too many values to flush for this column size, try setting the logrows to a higher value (eg. --logrows 22 on the cli)"
-            );
+            error!("Values are too large for the column");
             return Err(halo2_proofs::plonk::Error::Synthesis);
         }
 
@@ -526,16 +427,8 @@ impl VarTensor {
         Ok(flush_len)
     }
 
-    /// Assigns values to a single column, avoiding column overflow by flushing to the next column if needed
-    ///
-    /// # Arguments
-    /// * `region` - The region to assign values in
-    /// * `offset` - Base offset for assignments
-    /// * `values` - The ValTensor containing values to assign
-    /// * `constants` - Map for tracking constant assignments
-    ///
-    /// # Returns
-    /// A tuple of (assigned ValTensor, number of rows flushed) or an error if assignment fails
+    /// Assigns [ValTensor] to the columns of the inner tensor. Whereby the values are assigned to a single column, without overflowing.
+    /// So for instance if we are assigning 10 values and we are at index 18 of the column, and the columns are of length 20, we skip the last 2 values of current column and start from the beginning of the next column.
     pub fn assign_exact_column<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash>(
         &self,
         region: &mut Region<F>,
@@ -550,17 +443,8 @@ impl VarTensor {
         Ok((assigned_vals, flush_len))
     }
 
-    /// Assigns values with duplication in dummy mode, used for testing and simulation
-    ///
-    /// # Arguments
-    /// * `row` - Starting row for assignment
-    /// * `offset` - Base offset for assignments
-    /// * `values` - The ValTensor containing values to assign
-    /// * `single_inner_col` - Whether to treat as a single column
-    /// * `constants` - Map for tracking constant assignments
-    ///
-    /// # Returns
-    /// A tuple of (assigned ValTensor, total length used) or an error if assignment fails
+    /// Assigns specific values (`ValTensor`) to the columns of the inner tensor but allows for column wrapping for accumulated operations.
+    /// Duplication occurs by copying the last cell of the column to the first cell next column and creating a copy constraint between the two.
     pub fn dummy_assign_with_duplication<
         F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash,
     >(
@@ -572,13 +456,8 @@ impl VarTensor {
         constants: &mut ConstantsMap<F>,
     ) -> Result<(ValTensor<F>, usize), halo2_proofs::plonk::Error> {
         match values {
-            ValTensor::Instance { .. } => {
-                error!(
-                    "duplication is not supported on instance columns. increase K if you require more rows."
-                );
-                Err(halo2_proofs::plonk::Error::Synthesis)
-            }
-            ValTensor::Value { inner: v, dims, .. } => {
+            ValTensor::Instance { .. } => unimplemented!("duplication is not supported on instance columns. increase K if you require more rows."),
+            ValTensor::Value { inner: v, dims , ..} => {
                 let duplication_freq = if single_inner_col {
                     self.col_size()
                 } else {
@@ -591,20 +470,21 @@ impl VarTensor {
                     self.num_inner_cols()
                 };
 
-                let duplication_offset = if single_inner_col { row } else { offset };
+                let duplication_offset = if single_inner_col {
+                    row
+                } else {
+                    offset
+                };
+
 
                 // duplicates every nth element to adjust for column overflow
-                let mut res: ValTensor<F> = v
-                    .duplicate_every_n(duplication_freq, num_repeats, duplication_offset)
-                    .unwrap()
-                    .into();
+                let mut res: ValTensor<F> = v.duplicate_every_n(duplication_freq, num_repeats, duplication_offset).unwrap().into();
 
                 let constants_map = res.create_constants_map();
                 constants.extend(constants_map);
 
                 let total_used_len = res.len();
-                res.remove_every_n(duplication_freq, num_repeats, duplication_offset)
-                    .unwrap();
+                res.remove_every_n(duplication_freq, num_repeats, duplication_offset).unwrap();
 
                 res.reshape(dims).unwrap();
                 res.set_scale(values.scale());
@@ -614,16 +494,7 @@ impl VarTensor {
         }
     }
 
-    /// Assigns values with duplication but without enforcing constraints between duplicated values
-    ///
-    /// # Arguments
-    /// * `region` - The region to assign values in
-    /// * `offset` - Base offset for assignments
-    /// * `values` - The ValTensor containing values to assign
-    /// * `constants` - Map for tracking constant assignments
-    ///
-    /// # Returns
-    /// A tuple of (assigned ValTensor, total length used) or an error if assignment fails
+    /// Assigns specific values (`ValTensor`) to the columns of the inner tensor but allows for column wrapping for accumulated operations.
     pub fn assign_with_duplication_unconstrained<
         F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash,
     >(
@@ -634,13 +505,9 @@ impl VarTensor {
         constants: &mut ConstantsMap<F>,
     ) -> Result<(ValTensor<F>, usize), halo2_proofs::plonk::Error> {
         match values {
-            ValTensor::Instance { .. } => {
-                error!(
-                    "duplication is not supported on instance columns. increase K if you require more rows."
-                );
-                Err(halo2_proofs::plonk::Error::Synthesis)
-            }
-            ValTensor::Value { inner: v, dims, .. } => {
+            ValTensor::Instance { .. } => unimplemented!("duplication is not supported on instance columns. increase K if you require more rows."),
+            ValTensor::Value { inner: v, dims , ..} => {
+
                 let duplication_freq = self.block_size();
 
                 let num_repeats = self.num_inner_cols();
@@ -648,31 +515,17 @@ impl VarTensor {
                 let duplication_offset = offset;
 
                 // duplicates every nth element to adjust for column overflow
-                let v = v
-                    .duplicate_every_n(duplication_freq, num_repeats, duplication_offset)
-                    .map_err(|e| {
-                        error!("Error duplicating values: {:?}", e);
-                        halo2_proofs::plonk::Error::Synthesis
-                    })?;
+                let v = v.duplicate_every_n(duplication_freq, num_repeats, duplication_offset).unwrap();
                 let mut res: ValTensor<F> = {
                     v.enum_map(|coord, k| {
-                        let cell =
-                            self.assign_value(region, offset, k.clone(), coord, constants)?;
-                        Ok::<_, halo2_proofs::plonk::Error>(cell)
-                    })?
-                    .into()
-                };
-                let total_used_len = res.len();
-                res.remove_every_n(duplication_freq, num_repeats, duplication_offset)
-                    .map_err(|e| {
-                        error!("Error duplicating values: {:?}", e);
-                        halo2_proofs::plonk::Error::Synthesis
-                    })?;
+                    let cell = self.assign_value(region, offset, k.clone(), coord, constants)?;
+                    Ok::<_, halo2_proofs::plonk::Error>(cell)
 
-                res.reshape(dims).map_err(|e| {
-                    error!("Error duplicating values: {:?}", e);
-                    halo2_proofs::plonk::Error::Synthesis
-                })?;
+                })?.into()};
+                let total_used_len = res.len();
+                res.remove_every_n(duplication_freq, num_repeats, duplication_offset).unwrap();
+
+                res.reshape(dims).unwrap();
                 res.set_scale(values.scale());
 
                 Ok((res, total_used_len))
@@ -680,18 +533,8 @@ impl VarTensor {
         }
     }
 
-    /// Assigns values with duplication and enforces equality constraints between duplicated values
-    ///
-    /// # Arguments
-    /// * `region` - The region to assign values in
-    /// * `row` - Starting row for assignment
-    /// * `offset` - Base offset for assignments
-    /// * `values` - The ValTensor containing values to assign
-    /// * `check_mode` - Mode for checking equality constraints
-    /// * `constants` - Map for tracking constant assignments
-    ///
-    /// # Returns
-    /// A tuple of (assigned ValTensor, total length used) or an error if assignment fails
+    /// Assigns specific values (`ValTensor`) to the columns of the inner tensor but allows for column wrapping for accumulated operations.
+    /// Duplication occurs by copying the last cell of the column to the first cell next column and creating a copy constraint between the two.
     pub fn assign_with_duplication_constrained<
         F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash,
     >(
@@ -706,71 +549,61 @@ impl VarTensor {
         let mut prev_cell = None;
 
         match values {
-            ValTensor::Instance { .. } => {
-                error!(
-                    "duplication is not supported on instance columns. increase K if you require more rows."
-                );
-                Err(halo2_proofs::plonk::Error::Synthesis)
-            }
-            ValTensor::Value { inner: v, dims, .. } => {
+            ValTensor::Instance { .. } => unimplemented!("duplication is not supported on instance columns. increase K if you require more rows."),
+            ValTensor::Value { inner: v, dims , ..} => {
+
                 let duplication_freq = self.col_size();
                 let num_repeats = 1;
                 let duplication_offset = row;
 
                 // duplicates every nth element to adjust for column overflow
-                let v = v
-                    .duplicate_every_n(duplication_freq, num_repeats, duplication_offset)
-                    .unwrap();
-                let mut res: ValTensor<F> = v
-                    .enum_map(|coord, k| {
-                        let step = self.num_inner_cols();
+                let v = v.duplicate_every_n(duplication_freq, num_repeats, duplication_offset).unwrap();
+                let mut res: ValTensor<F> =
+                    v.enum_map(|coord, k| {
 
-                        let (x, y, z) = self.cartesian_coord(offset + coord * step);
-                        if matches!(check_mode, CheckMode::SAFE) && coord > 0 && z == 0 && y == 0 {
-                            // assert that duplication occurred correctly
-                            assert_eq!(
-                                Into::<IntegerRep>::into(k.clone()),
-                                Into::<IntegerRep>::into(v[coord - 1].clone())
-                            );
-                        };
+                    let step = self.num_inner_cols();
 
-                        let cell =
-                            self.assign_value(region, offset, k.clone(), coord * step, constants)?;
+                    let (x, y, z) = self.cartesian_coord(offset + coord * step);
+                    if matches!(check_mode, CheckMode::SAFE) && coord > 0 && z == 0 && y == 0 {
+                        // assert that duplication occurred correctly
+                        assert_eq!(Into::<IntegerRep>::into(k.clone()), Into::<IntegerRep>::into(v[coord - 1].clone()));
+                    };
 
-                        let at_end_of_column = z == duplication_freq - 1;
-                        let at_beginning_of_column = z == 0;
+                    let cell = self.assign_value(region, offset, k.clone(), coord * step, constants)?;
 
-                        if at_end_of_column {
-                            // if we are at the end of the column, we need to copy the cell to the next column
-                            prev_cell = Some(cell.clone());
-                        } else if coord > 0 && at_beginning_of_column {
-                            if let Some(prev_cell) = prev_cell.as_ref() {
-                                let cell = if let Some(cell) = cell.cell() {
-                                    cell
-                                } else {
-                                    error!("Error getting cell: {:?}", (x, y));
-                                    return Err(halo2_proofs::plonk::Error::Synthesis);
-                                };
-                                let prev_cell = if let Some(prev_cell) = prev_cell.cell() {
-                                    prev_cell
-                                } else {
-                                    error!("Error getting prev cell: {:?}", (x, y));
-                                    return Err(halo2_proofs::plonk::Error::Synthesis);
-                                };
-                                region.constrain_equal(prev_cell, cell)?;
+                    let at_end_of_column = z == duplication_freq - 1;
+                    let at_beginning_of_column = z == 0;
+
+                    if at_end_of_column {
+                        // if we are at the end of the column, we need to copy the cell to the next column
+                        prev_cell = Some(cell.clone());
+                    } else if coord > 0 && at_beginning_of_column  {
+                        if let Some(prev_cell) = prev_cell.as_ref() {
+                            let cell = if let Some(cell) = cell.cell() {
+                                cell
                             } else {
-                                error!("Previous cell was not set");
+                                error!("Error getting cell: {:?}", (x,y));
                                 return Err(halo2_proofs::plonk::Error::Synthesis);
-                            }
+                            };
+                            let prev_cell = if let Some(prev_cell) = prev_cell.cell() {
+                                prev_cell
+                            } else {
+                                error!("Error getting prev cell: {:?}", (x,y));
+                                return Err(halo2_proofs::plonk::Error::Synthesis);
+                            };
+                            region.constrain_equal(prev_cell,cell)?;
+                        } else {
+                            error!("Previous cell was not set");
+                            return Err(halo2_proofs::plonk::Error::Synthesis);
                         }
+                    }
 
-                        Ok(cell)
-                    })?
-                    .into();
+                    Ok(cell)
+
+                })?.into();
 
                 let total_used_len = res.len();
-                res.remove_every_n(duplication_freq, num_repeats, duplication_offset)
-                    .unwrap();
+                res.remove_every_n(duplication_freq, num_repeats, duplication_offset).unwrap();
 
                 res.reshape(dims).unwrap();
                 res.set_scale(values.scale());
@@ -780,17 +613,6 @@ impl VarTensor {
         }
     }
 
-    /// Assigns a single value to the tensor. This is a helper function used by other assignment methods.
-    ///
-    /// # Arguments
-    /// * `region` - The region to assign values in
-    /// * `offset` - Base offset for the assignment
-    /// * `k` - The value to assign
-    /// * `coord` - The coordinate where to assign the value
-    /// * `constants` - Map for tracking constant assignments
-    ///
-    /// # Returns
-    /// The assigned value or an error if assignment fails
     fn assign_value<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash>(
         &self,
         region: &mut Region<F>,
@@ -801,49 +623,32 @@ impl VarTensor {
     ) -> Result<ValType<F>, halo2_proofs::plonk::Error> {
         let (x, y, z) = self.cartesian_coord(offset + coord);
         let res = match k {
-            // Handle direct value assignment
             ValType::Value(v) => match &self {
                 VarTensor::Advice { inner: advices, .. } => {
                     ValType::PrevAssigned(region.assign_advice(|| "k", advices[x][y], z, || v)?)
                 }
-                _ => {
-                    error!("VarTensor was not initialized");
-                    return Err(halo2_proofs::plonk::Error::Synthesis);
-                }
+                _ => unimplemented!(),
             },
-            // Handle copying previously assigned value
             ValType::PrevAssigned(v) => match &self {
                 VarTensor::Advice { inner: advices, .. } => {
                     ValType::PrevAssigned(v.copy_advice(|| "k", region, advices[x][y], z)?)
                 }
-                _ => {
-                    error!("VarTensor was not initialized");
-                    return Err(halo2_proofs::plonk::Error::Synthesis);
-                }
+                _ => unimplemented!(),
             },
-            // Handle copying previously assigned constant
             ValType::AssignedConstant(v, val) => match &self {
                 VarTensor::Advice { inner: advices, .. } => {
                     ValType::AssignedConstant(v.copy_advice(|| "k", region, advices[x][y], z)?, val)
                 }
-                _ => {
-                    error!("VarTensor was not initialized");
-                    return Err(halo2_proofs::plonk::Error::Synthesis);
-                }
+                _ => unimplemented!(),
             },
-            // Handle assigning evaluated value
             ValType::AssignedValue(v) => match &self {
                 VarTensor::Advice { inner: advices, .. } => ValType::PrevAssigned(
                     region
                         .assign_advice(|| "k", advices[x][y], z, || v)?
                         .evaluate(),
                 ),
-                _ => {
-                    error!("VarTensor was not initialized");
-                    return Err(halo2_proofs::plonk::Error::Synthesis);
-                }
+                _ => unimplemented!(),
             },
-            // Handle constant value assignment with caching
             ValType::Constant(v) => {
                 if let std::collections::hash_map::Entry::Vacant(e) = constants.entry(v) {
                     let value = ValType::AssignedConstant(

tests/assets/settings.json

@@ -28,12 +28,11 @@
         "commitment": "KZG",
         "decomp_base": 128,
         "decomp_legs": 2,
-        "bounded_log_lookup": false,
-        "ignore_range_check_inputs_outputs": false
+        "bounded_log_lookup": false
     },
-    "num_rows": 236,
-    "total_assignments": 472,
-    "total_const_size": 4,
+    "num_rows": 46,
+    "total_assignments": 92,
+    "total_const_size": 3,
     "total_dynamic_col_size": 0,
     "max_dynamic_input_len": 0,
     "num_dynamic_lookups": 0,

tests/foundry/.gitignore

@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-# Compiler files
-cache/
-out/
-
-# Ignores development broadcast logs
-!/broadcast
-/broadcast/*/31337/
-/broadcast/**/dry-run/
-
-# Docs
-docs/
-
-# Dotenv file
-.env

tests/foundry/README.md

@@ -1,66 +0,0 @@
-## Foundry
-
-**Foundry is a blazing fast, portable and modular toolkit for Ethereum application development written in Rust.**
-
-Foundry consists of:
-
--   **Forge**: Ethereum testing framework (like Truffle, Hardhat and DappTools).
--   **Cast**: Swiss army knife for interacting with EVM smart contracts, sending transactions and getting chain data.
--   **Anvil**: Local Ethereum node, akin to Ganache, Hardhat Network.
--   **Chisel**: Fast, utilitarian, and verbose solidity REPL.
-
-## Documentation
-
-https://book.getfoundry.sh/
-
-## Usage
-
-### Build
-
-```shell
-$ forge build
-```
-
-### Test
-
-```shell
-$ forge test
-```
-
-### Format
-
-```shell
-$ forge fmt
-```
-
-### Gas Snapshots
-
-```shell
-$ forge snapshot
-```
-
-### Anvil
-
-```shell
-$ anvil
-```
-
-### Deploy
-
-```shell
-$ forge script script/Counter.s.sol:CounterScript --rpc-url <your_rpc_url> --private-key <your_private_key>
-```
-
-### Cast
-
-```shell
-$ cast <subcommand>
-```
-
-### Help
-
-```shell
-$ forge --help
-$ anvil --help
-$ cast --help
-```

tests/foundry/foundry.toml

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-[profile.default]
-src = "../../contracts"
-out = "out"
-libs = ["lib"]
-
-# See more config options https://github.com/foundry-rs/foundry/blob/master/crates/config/README.md#all-options

tests/foundry/remappings.txt

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-contracts/=../../contracts/

tests/foundry/test/AttestData.t.sol

@@ -1,429 +0,0 @@
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
-
-import "forge-std/Test.sol";
-import {console} from "forge-std/console.sol";
-import "contracts/AttestData.sol" as AttestData;
-
-contract MockVKA {
-    constructor() {}
-}
-
-contract MockVerifier {
-    bool public shouldVerify;
-
-    constructor(bool _shouldVerify) {
-        shouldVerify = _shouldVerify;
-    }
-
-    function verifyProof(
-        bytes calldata,
-        uint256[] calldata
-    ) external view returns (bool) {
-        require(shouldVerify, "Verification failed");
-        return shouldVerify;
-    }
-}
-
-contract MockVerifierSeperate {
-    bool public shouldVerify;
-
-    constructor(bool _shouldVerify) {
-        shouldVerify = _shouldVerify;
-    }
-
-    function verifyProof(
-        address,
-        bytes calldata,
-        uint256[] calldata
-    ) external view returns (bool) {
-        require(shouldVerify, "Verification failed");
-        return shouldVerify;
-    }
-}
-
-contract MockTargetContract {
-    int256[] public data;
-
-    constructor(int256[] memory _data) {
-        data = _data;
-    }
-
-    function setData(int256[] memory _data) external {
-        data = _data;
-    }
-
-    function getData() external view returns (int256[] memory) {
-        return data;
-    }
-}
-
-contract DataAttestationTest is Test {
-    AttestData.DataAttestation das;
-    MockVerifier verifier;
-    MockVerifierSeperate verifierSeperate;
-    MockVKA vka;
-    MockTargetContract target;
-    int256[] mockData = [int256(1e18), -int256(5e17)];
-    uint256[] decimals = [18, 18];
-    uint256[] bits = [13, 13];
-    uint8 instanceOffset = 0;
-    bytes callData;
-
-    function setUp() public {
-        target = new MockTargetContract(mockData);
-        verifier = new MockVerifier(true);
-        verifierSeperate = new MockVerifierSeperate(true);
-        vka = new MockVKA();
-
-        callData = abi.encodeWithSignature("getData()");
-
-        das = new AttestData.DataAttestation(
-            address(target),
-            callData,
-            decimals,
-            bits,
-            instanceOffset
-        );
-    }
-
-    // Fork of mulDivRound which doesn't revert on overflow and returns a boolean instead to indicate overflow
-    function mulDivRound(
-        uint256 x,
-        uint256 y,
-        uint256 denominator
-    ) public pure returns (uint256 result, bool overflow) {
-        unchecked {
-            uint256 prod0;
-            uint256 prod1;
-            assembly {
-                let mm := mulmod(x, y, not(0))
-                prod0 := mul(x, y)
-                prod1 := sub(sub(mm, prod0), lt(mm, prod0))
-            }
-            uint256 remainder = mulmod(x, y, denominator);
-            bool addOne;
-            if (remainder * 2 >= denominator) {
-                addOne = true;
-            }
-
-            if (prod1 == 0) {
-                if (addOne) {
-                    return ((prod0 / denominator) + 1, false);
-                }
-                return (prod0 / denominator, false);
-            }
-
-            if (denominator > prod1) {
-                return (0, true);
-            }
-
-            assembly {
-                prod1 := sub(prod1, gt(remainder, prod0))
-                prod0 := sub(prod0, remainder)
-            }
-
-            uint256 twos = denominator & (~denominator + 1);
-            assembly {
-                denominator := div(denominator, twos)
-                prod0 := div(prod0, twos)
-                twos := add(div(sub(0, twos), twos), 1)
-            }
-
-            prod0 |= prod1 * twos;
-
-            uint256 inverse = (3 * denominator) ^ 2;
-
-            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse;
-            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse;
-            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse;
-            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse;
-            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse;
-            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse;
-
-            result = prod0 * inverse;
-            if (addOne) {
-                result += 1;
-            }
-            return (result, false);
-        }
-    }
-    struct SampleAttestation {
-        int256 mockData;
-        uint8 decimals;
-        uint8 bits;
-    }
-    function test_fuzzAttestedData(
-        SampleAttestation[] memory _attestations
-    ) public {
-        vm.assume(_attestations.length == 1);
-        int256[] memory _mockData = new int256[](1);
-        uint256[] memory _decimals = new uint256[](1);
-        uint256[] memory _bits = new uint256[](1);
-        uint256[] memory _instances = new uint256[](1);
-        for (uint256 i = 0; i < 1; i++) {
-            SampleAttestation memory attestation = _attestations[i];
-            _mockData[i] = attestation.mockData;
-            vm.assume(attestation.mockData != type(int256).min); /// Will overflow int256 during negation op
-            vm.assume(attestation.decimals < 77); /// Else will exceed uint256 bounds
-            vm.assume(attestation.bits < 128); /// Else will exceed EZKL fixed point bounds for int128 type
-            bool neg = attestation.mockData < 0;
-            if (neg) {
-                attestation.mockData = -attestation.mockData;
-            }
-            (uint256 _result, bool overflow) = mulDivRound(
-                uint256(attestation.mockData),
-                uint256(1 << attestation.bits),
-                uint256(10 ** attestation.decimals)
-            );
-            vm.assume(!overflow);
-            vm.assume(_result < das.HALF_ORDER());
-            if (neg) {
-                // No possibility of overflow here since output is less than or equal to HALF_ORDER
-                // and therefore falls within the max range of int256 without overflow
-                vm.assume(-int256(_result) > type(int128).min);
-                _instances[i] =
-                    uint256(int(das.ORDER()) - int256(_result)) %
-                    das.ORDER();
-            } else {
-                vm.assume(_result < uint128(type(int128).max));
-                _instances[i] = _result;
-            }
-            _decimals[i] = attestation.decimals;
-            _bits[i] = attestation.bits;
-        }
-        // Update the attested data
-        target.setData(_mockData);
-        // Deploy the new data attestation contract
-        AttestData.DataAttestation dasNew = new AttestData.DataAttestation(
-            address(target),
-            callData,
-            _decimals,
-            _bits,
-            instanceOffset
-        );
-        bytes memory proof = hex"1234"; // Would normally contain commitments
-        bytes memory encoded = abi.encodeWithSignature(
-            "verifyProof(bytes,uint256[])",
-            proof,
-            _instances
-        );
-
-        AttestData.DataAttestation.Scalars memory _scalars = AttestData
-            .DataAttestation
-            .Scalars(10 ** _decimals[0], 1 << _bits[0]);
-
-        int256 output = dasNew.quantizeData(_mockData[0], _scalars);
-        console.log("output: ", output);
-        uint256 fieldElement = dasNew.toFieldElement(output);
-        // output should equal to _instances[0]
-        assertEq(fieldElement, _instances[0]);
-
-        bool verificationResult = dasNew.verifyWithDataAttestation(
-            address(verifier),
-            encoded
-        );
-        assertTrue(verificationResult);
-    }
-
-    // Test deployment parameters
-    function testDeployment() public view {
-        assertEq(das.contractAddress(), address(target));
-        assertEq(das.callData(), abi.encodeWithSignature("getData()"));
-        assertEq(das.instanceOffset(), instanceOffset);
-
-        AttestData.DataAttestation.Scalars memory scalar = das.getScalars(0);
-        assertEq(scalar.decimals, 1e18);
-        assertEq(scalar.bits, 1 << 13);
-    }
-
-    // Test quantizeData function
-    function testQuantizeData() public view {
-        AttestData.DataAttestation.Scalars memory scalar = das.getScalars(0);
-
-        int256 positive = das.quantizeData(1e18, scalar);
-        assertEq(positive, int256(scalar.bits));
-
-        int256 negative = das.quantizeData(-1e18, scalar);
-        assertEq(negative, -int256(scalar.bits));
-
-        // Test rounding
-        int half = int(0.5e18 / scalar.bits);
-        int256 rounded = das.quantizeData(half, scalar);
-        assertEq(rounded, 1);
-    }
-
-    // Test staticCall functionality
-    function testStaticCall() public view {
-        bytes memory result = das.staticCall(
-            address(target),
-            abi.encodeWithSignature("getData()")
-        );
-        int256[] memory decoded = abi.decode(result, (int256[]));
-        assertEq(decoded[0], mockData[0]);
-        assertEq(decoded[1], mockData[1]);
-    }
-
-    // Test attestData validation
-    function testAttestDataSuccess() public view {
-        uint256[] memory instances = new uint256[](2);
-        AttestData.DataAttestation.Scalars memory scalar = das.getScalars(0);
-        instances[0] = das.toFieldElement(int(scalar.bits));
-        instances[1] = das.toFieldElement(-int(scalar.bits >> 1));
-        das.attestData(instances); // Should not revert
-    }
-
-    function testAttestDataFailure() public {
-        uint256[] memory instances = new uint256[](2);
-        instances[0] = das.toFieldElement(1e18); // Incorrect value
-        instances[1] = das.toFieldElement(5e17);
-
-        vm.expectRevert("Public input does not match");
-        das.attestData(instances);
-    }
-
-    // Test full verification flow
-    function testSuccessfulVerification() public view {
-        // Prepare valid instances
-        uint256[] memory instances = new uint256[](2);
-        AttestData.DataAttestation.Scalars memory scalar = das.getScalars(0);
-        instances[0] = das.toFieldElement(int(scalar.bits));
-        instances[1] = das.toFieldElement(-int(scalar.bits >> 1));
-
-        // Create valid calldata (mock)
-        bytes memory proof = hex"1234"; // Would normally contain commitments
-        bytes memory encoded = abi.encodeWithSignature(
-            "verifyProof(bytes,uint256[])",
-            proof,
-            instances
-        );
-        bytes memory encoded_vka = abi.encodeWithSignature(
-            "verifyProof(address,bytes,uint256[])",
-            address(vka),
-            proof,
-            instances
-        );
-
-        bool result = das.verifyWithDataAttestation(address(verifier), encoded);
-        assertTrue(result);
-        result = das.verifyWithDataAttestation(
-            address(verifierSeperate),
-            encoded_vka
-        );
-        assertTrue(result);
-    }
-
-    function testLoadInstances() public view {
-        uint256[] memory instances = new uint256[](2);
-        AttestData.DataAttestation.Scalars memory scalar = das.getScalars(0);
-        instances[0] = das.toFieldElement(int(scalar.bits));
-        instances[1] = das.toFieldElement(-int(scalar.bits >> 1));
-
-        // Create valid calldata (mock)
-        bytes memory proof = hex"1234"; // Would normally contain commitments
-        bytes memory encoded = abi.encodeWithSignature(
-            "verifyProof(bytes,uint256[])",
-            proof,
-            instances
-        );
-        bytes memory encoded_vka = abi.encodeWithSignature(
-            "verifyProof(address,bytes,uint256[])",
-            address(vka),
-            proof,
-            instances
-        );
-
-        // Load encoded instances from calldata
-        uint256[] memory extracted_instances_calldata = das
-            .getInstancesCalldata(encoded);
-        assertEq(extracted_instances_calldata[0], instances[0]);
-        assertEq(extracted_instances_calldata[1], instances[1]);
-        // Load encoded instances from memory
-        uint256[] memory extracted_instances_memory = das.getInstancesMemory(
-            encoded
-        );
-        assertEq(extracted_instances_memory[0], instances[0]);
-        assertEq(extracted_instances_memory[1], instances[1]);
-        // Load encoded with vk instances from calldata
-        uint256[] memory extracted_instances_calldata_vk = das
-            .getInstancesCalldata(encoded_vka);
-        assertEq(extracted_instances_calldata_vk[0], instances[0]);
-        assertEq(extracted_instances_calldata_vk[1], instances[1]);
-        // Load encoded with vk instances from memory
-        uint256[] memory extracted_instances_memory_vk = das.getInstancesMemory(
-            encoded_vka
-        );
-        assertEq(extracted_instances_memory_vk[0], instances[0]);
-        assertEq(extracted_instances_memory_vk[1], instances[1]);
-    }
-
-    function testInvalidCommitments() public {
-        // Create calldata with invalid commitments
-        bytes memory invalidProof = hex"5678";
-        uint256[] memory instances = new uint256[](2);
-        AttestData.DataAttestation.Scalars memory scalar = das.getScalars(0);
-        instances[0] = das.toFieldElement(int(scalar.bits));
-        instances[1] = das.toFieldElement(-int(scalar.bits >> 1));
-        bytes memory encoded = abi.encodeWithSignature(
-            "verifyProof(bytes,uint256[])",
-            invalidProof,
-            instances
-        );
-
-        vm.expectRevert("Invalid KZG commitments");
-        das.verifyWithDataAttestation(address(verifier), encoded);
-    }
-
-    function testInvalidVerifier() public {
-        MockVerifier invalidVerifier = new MockVerifier(false);
-        uint256[] memory instances = new uint256[](2);
-        AttestData.DataAttestation.Scalars memory scalar = das.getScalars(0);
-        instances[0] = das.toFieldElement(int(scalar.bits));
-        instances[1] = das.toFieldElement(-int(scalar.bits >> 1));
-        bytes memory encoded = abi.encodeWithSignature(
-            "verifyProof(bytes,uint256[])",
-            hex"1234",
-            instances
-        );
-
-        vm.expectRevert("low-level call to verifier failed");
-        das.verifyWithDataAttestation(address(invalidVerifier), encoded);
-    }
-
-    // Test edge cases
-    function testZeroValueQuantization() public view {
-        AttestData.DataAttestation.Scalars memory scalar = das.getScalars(0);
-        int256 zero = das.quantizeData(0, scalar);
-        assertEq(zero, 0);
-    }
-
-    function testOverflowProtection() public {
-        int256 order = int(
-            uint256(
-                0x30644e72e131a029b85045b68181585d2833e84879b9709143e1f593f0000001
-            )
-        );
-        // int256 half_order = int(order >> 1);
-        AttestData.DataAttestation.Scalars memory scalar = AttestData
-            .DataAttestation
-            .Scalars(1, 1 << 2);
-
-        vm.expectRevert("Overflow field modulus");
-        das.quantizeData(order, scalar); // Value that would overflow
-    }
-
-    function testInvalidFunctionSignature() public {
-        uint256[] memory instances = new uint256[](2);
-        AttestData.DataAttestation.Scalars memory scalar = das.getScalars(0);
-        instances[0] = das.toFieldElement(int(scalar.bits));
-        instances[1] = das.toFieldElement(-int(scalar.bits >> 1));
-        bytes memory encoded_invalid_sig = abi.encodeWithSignature(
-            "verifyProofff(bytes,uint256[])",
-            hex"1234",
-            instances
-        );
-
-        vm.expectRevert("Invalid function signature");
-        das.verifyWithDataAttestation(address(verifier), encoded_invalid_sig);
-    }
-}