refactor: simpler diff less than

.github/workflows/large-tests.yml

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ jobs:
           persist-credentials: false
       - uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@fb51252c7ba57d633bc668f941da052e410add48  #v1.0.6
         with:
-          toolchain: nightly-2025-12-01
+          toolchain: nightly-2025-05-01
           override: true
           components: rustfmt, clippy
       - name: nanoGPT Mock

.github/workflows/pypi.yml

@@ -24,12 +24,12 @@ jobs:
       matrix:
         target: [x86_64, universal2-apple-darwin]
     env:
-      RELEASE_TAG: ${{ github.ref_name }}
+        RELEASE_TAG: ${{ github.ref_name }}
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 #v4.2.2
+      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683  #v4.2.2
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
-      - uses: actions/setup-python@b64ffcaf5b410884ad320a9cfac8866006a109aa #v4.8.0
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@b64ffcaf5b410884ad320a9cfac8866006a109aa  #v4.8.0
         with:
           python-version: 3.12
           architecture: x64
@@ -48,22 +48,22 @@ jobs:
           mv Cargo.lock Cargo.lock.orig
           sed "s/0\\.0\\.0/${RELEASE_TAG//v}/" Cargo.lock.orig >Cargo.lock
 
-      - uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@fb51252c7ba57d633bc668f941da052e410add48 #v1.0.6
+      - uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@fb51252c7ba57d633bc668f941da052e410add48  #v1.0.6
         with:
-          toolchain: nightly-2025-12-01
+          toolchain: nightly-2025-05-01
           override: true
           components: rustfmt, clippy
           cache: false
 
       - name: Build wheels
         if: matrix.target == 'universal2-apple-darwin'
-        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@5f8a1b3b0aad13193f46c9131f9b9e663def8ce5 #v1.46.0
+        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@5f8a1b3b0aad13193f46c9131f9b9e663def8ce5  #v1.46.0
         with:
           target: ${{ matrix.target }}
           args: --release --out dist --features python-bindings
       - name: Build wheels
         if: matrix.target == 'x86_64'
-        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@5f8a1b3b0aad13193f46c9131f9b9e663def8ce5 #v1.46.0
+        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@5f8a1b3b0aad13193f46c9131f9b9e663def8ce5  #v1.46.0
         with:
           target: ${{ matrix.target }}
           args: --release --out dist --features python-bindings
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ jobs:
           python -c "import ezkl"
 
       - name: Upload wheels
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@65c4c4a1ddee5b72f698fdd19549f0f0fb45cf08 #v4.6.0
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@65c4c4a1ddee5b72f698fdd19549f0f0fb45cf08  #v4.6.0
         with:
           name: dist-macos-${{ matrix.target }}
           path: dist
@@ -88,10 +88,10 @@ jobs:
       matrix:
         target: [x64, x86]
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 #v4.2.2
+      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683  #v4.2.2
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
-      - uses: actions/setup-python@b64ffcaf5b410884ad320a9cfac8866006a109aa #v4.8.0
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@b64ffcaf5b410884ad320a9cfac8866006a109aa  #v4.8.0
         with:
           python-version: 3.12
           architecture: ${{ matrix.target }}
@@ -114,15 +114,15 @@ jobs:
           mv Cargo.lock Cargo.lock.orig
           sed "s/0\\.0\\.0/${RELEASE_TAG//v}/" Cargo.lock.orig >Cargo.lock
 
-      - uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@fb51252c7ba57d633bc668f941da052e410add48 #v1.0.6
+      - uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@fb51252c7ba57d633bc668f941da052e410add48  #v1.0.6
         with:
-          toolchain: nightly-2025-12-01
+          toolchain: nightly-2025-05-01
           override: true
           components: rustfmt, clippy
           cache: false
 
       - name: Build wheels
-        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@5f8a1b3b0aad13193f46c9131f9b9e663def8ce5 #v1.46.0
+        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@5f8a1b3b0aad13193f46c9131f9b9e663def8ce5  #v1.46.0
         with:
           target: ${{ matrix.target }}
           args: --release --out dist --features python-bindings
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ jobs:
           python -c "import ezkl"
 
       - name: Upload wheels
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@65c4c4a1ddee5b72f698fdd19549f0f0fb45cf08 #v4.6.0 #v4.6.0
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@65c4c4a1ddee5b72f698fdd19549f0f0fb45cf08  #v4.6.0 #v4.6.0
         with:
           name: dist-windows-${{ matrix.target }}
           path: dist
@@ -146,10 +146,10 @@ jobs:
       matrix:
         target: [x86_64]
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 #v4.2.2
+      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683  #v4.2.2
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
-      - uses: actions/setup-python@b64ffcaf5b410884ad320a9cfac8866006a109aa #v4.8.0
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@b64ffcaf5b410884ad320a9cfac8866006a109aa  #v4.8.0
         with:
           python-version: 3.12
           architecture: x64
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ jobs:
           sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y openssl pkg-config libssl-dev
 
       - name: Build wheels
-        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@5f8a1b3b0aad13193f46c9131f9b9e663def8ce5 #v1.46.0
+        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@5f8a1b3b0aad13193f46c9131f9b9e663def8ce5  #v1.46.0
         with:
           target: ${{ matrix.target }}
           manylinux: auto
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ jobs:
           python -c "import ezkl"
 
       - name: Upload wheels
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@65c4c4a1ddee5b72f698fdd19549f0f0fb45cf08 #v4.6.0
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@65c4c4a1ddee5b72f698fdd19549f0f0fb45cf08  #v4.6.0
         with:
           name: dist-linux-${{ matrix.target }}
           path: dist
@@ -220,10 +220,10 @@ jobs:
         target:
           - x86_64-unknown-linux-musl
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 #v4.2.2
+      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683  #v4.2.2
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
-      - uses: actions/setup-python@b64ffcaf5b410884ad320a9cfac8866006a109aa #v4.8.0
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@b64ffcaf5b410884ad320a9cfac8866006a109aa  #v4.8.0
         with:
           python-version: 3.12
           architecture: x64
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ jobs:
           sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y pkg-config libssl-dev
 
       - name: Build wheels
-        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@5f8a1b3b0aad13193f46c9131f9b9e663def8ce5 #v1.46.0
+        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@5f8a1b3b0aad13193f46c9131f9b9e663def8ce5  #v1.46.0
         with:
           target: ${{ matrix.target }}
           manylinux: musllinux_1_2
@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ jobs:
             python3 -c "import ezkl"
 
       - name: Upload wheels
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@65c4c4a1ddee5b72f698fdd19549f0f0fb45cf08 #v4.6.0
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@65c4c4a1ddee5b72f698fdd19549f0f0fb45cf08  #v4.6.0
         with:
           name: dist-musllinux-${{ matrix.target }}
           path: dist
@@ -289,10 +289,10 @@ jobs:
           - target: aarch64-unknown-linux-musl
             arch: aarch64
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 #v4.2.2
+      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683  #v4.2.2
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
-      - uses: actions/setup-python@b64ffcaf5b410884ad320a9cfac8866006a109aa #v4.8.0
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@b64ffcaf5b410884ad320a9cfac8866006a109aa  #v4.8.0
         with:
           python-version: 3.12
 
@@ -315,13 +315,13 @@ jobs:
           sed "s/0\\.0\\.0/${RELEASE_TAG//v}/" Cargo.lock.orig >Cargo.lock
 
       - name: Build wheels
-        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@5f8a1b3b0aad13193f46c9131f9b9e663def8ce5 #v1.46.0
+        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@5f8a1b3b0aad13193f46c9131f9b9e663def8ce5  #v1.46.0
         with:
           target: ${{ matrix.platform.target }}
           manylinux: musllinux_1_2
           args: --release --out dist --features python-bindings
 
-      - uses: uraimo/run-on-arch-action@5397f9e30a9b62422f302092631c99ae1effcd9e #v2.8.1
+      - uses: uraimo/run-on-arch-action@5397f9e30a9b62422f302092631c99ae1effcd9e  #v2.8.1
         name: Install built wheel
         with:
           arch: ${{ matrix.platform.arch }}
@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ jobs:
             python3 -c "import ezkl"
 
       - name: Upload wheels
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@65c4c4a1ddee5b72f698fdd19549f0f0fb45cf08 #v4.6.0
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@65c4c4a1ddee5b72f698fdd19549f0f0fb45cf08  #v4.6.0
         with:
           name: dist-musllinux-${{ matrix.platform.target }}
           path: dist
@@ -349,7 +349,7 @@ jobs:
     if: "startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/')"
     needs: [macos, windows, linux, musllinux, musllinux-cross]
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/download-artifact@fa0a91b85d4f404e444e00e005971372dc801d16 #v4.1.8
+      - uses: actions/download-artifact@fa0a91b85d4f404e444e00e005971372dc801d16  #v4.1.8
         with:
           pattern: dist-*
           merge-multiple: true
@@ -366,10 +366,11 @@ jobs:
 
       # publishes to PyPI
       - name: Publish package distributions to PyPI
-        uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@76f52bc884231f62b9a034ebfe128415bbaabdfc #v1.12.4
+        uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@76f52bc884231f62b9a034ebfe128415bbaabdfc  #v1.12.4
         with:
           packages-dir: ./wheels
 
+
   doc-publish:
     permissions:
       contents: read
@@ -377,7 +378,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     needs: pypi-publish
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 #v4.2.2
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
       - name: Trigger RTDs build
@@ -385,4 +386,4 @@ jobs:
         with:
           webhook_url: ${{ secrets.RTDS_WEBHOOK_URL }}
           webhook_token: ${{ secrets.RTDS_WEBHOOK_TOKEN }}
-          commit_ref: ${{ github.ref_name }}
+          commit_ref: ${{ github.ref_name }}

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@fb51252c7ba57d633bc668f941da052e410add48   #v1.0.6
         with:
-          toolchain: nightly-2025-12-01
+          toolchain: nightly-2025-05-01
           override: true
           components: rustfmt, clippy
           cache: false
@@ -98,11 +98,14 @@ jobs:
           echo "ASSET=build-artifacts/ezkl-linux-gpu.tar.gz" >> $GITHUB_ENV
 
       - name: Upload release archive
-        uses: softprops/action-gh-release@c95fe1489396fe8a9eb87c0abf8aa5b2ef267fda  #v2.2.1
+        uses: actions/upload-release-asset@e8f9f06c4b078e705bd2ea027f0926603fc9b4d5  #v1.0.2
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.RELEASE_TOKEN }}
         with:
-          token: ${{ secrets.RELEASE_TOKEN }}
-          tag_name: ${{ env.EZKL_VERSION }}
-          files: ${{ env.ASSET }}
+          upload_url: ${{ needs.create-release.outputs.upload_url }}
+          asset_path: ${{ env.ASSET }}
+          asset_name: ${{ env.ASSET }}
+          asset_content_type: application/octet-stream
 
   build-release:
     permissions:
@@ -124,27 +127,27 @@ jobs:
         include:
           - build: windows-msvc
             os: windows-latest
-            rust: nightly-2025-12-01
+            rust: nightly-2025-05-01
             target: x86_64-pc-windows-msvc
           - build: macos
             os: macos-13
-            rust: nightly-2025-12-01
+            rust: nightly-2025-05-01
             target: x86_64-apple-darwin
           - build: macos-aarch64
             os: macos-13
-            rust: nightly-2025-12-01
+            rust: nightly-2025-05-01
             target: aarch64-apple-darwin
           - build: linux-musl
             os: ubuntu-22.04
-            rust: nightly-2025-12-01
+            rust: nightly-2025-05-01
             target: x86_64-unknown-linux-musl
           - build: linux-gnu
             os: ubuntu-22.04
-            rust: nightly-2025-12-01
+            rust: nightly-2025-05-01
             target: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
           - build: linux-aarch64
             os: ubuntu-22.04
-            rust: nightly-2025-12-01
+            rust: nightly-2025-05-01
             target: aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu
 
     steps:
@@ -237,8 +240,11 @@ jobs:
           echo "ASSET=build-artifacts/ezkl-win.zip" >> $GITHUB_ENV
 
       - name: Upload release archive
-        uses: softprops/action-gh-release@c95fe1489396fe8a9eb87c0abf8aa5b2ef267fda  #v2.2.1
+        uses: actions/upload-release-asset@e8f9f06c4b078e705bd2ea027f0926603fc9b4d5  #v1.0.2
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.RELEASE_TOKEN }}
         with:
-          token: ${{ secrets.RELEASE_TOKEN }}
-          tag_name: ${{ env.EZKL_VERSION }}
-          files: ${{ env.ASSET }}
+          upload_url: ${{ needs.create-release.outputs.upload_url }}
+          asset_path: ${{ env.ASSET }}
+          asset_name: ${{ env.ASSET }}
+          asset_content_type: application/octet-stream

.github/workflows/rust.yml

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@fb51252c7ba57d633bc668f941da052e410add48 #v1.0.6
         with:
-          toolchain: nightly-2025-12-01
+          toolchain: nightly-2025-05-01
           override: true
           components: rustfmt, clippy
       - uses: baptiste0928/cargo-install@91c5da15570085bcde6f4d7aed98cb82d6769fd3
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@fb51252c7ba57d633bc668f941da052e410add48 #v1.0.6
         with:
-          toolchain: nightly-2025-12-01
+          toolchain: nightly-2025-05-01
           override: true
           components: rustfmt, clippy
       - name: install libc6
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ jobs:
           persist-credentials: false
       - uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@fb51252c7ba57d633bc668f941da052e410add48 #v1.0.6
         with:
-          toolchain: nightly-2025-12-01
+          toolchain: nightly-2025-05-01
           override: true
           components: rustfmt, clippy
       - name: install libc6
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ jobs:
           persist-credentials: false
       - uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@fb51252c7ba57d633bc668f941da052e410add48 #v1.0.6
         with:
-          toolchain: nightly-2025-12-01
+          toolchain: nightly-2025-05-01
           override: true
           components: rustfmt, clippy
       - name: install libc6
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ jobs:
           persist-credentials: false
       - uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@fb51252c7ba57d633bc668f941da052e410add48 #v1.0.6
         with:
-          toolchain: nightly-2025-12-01
+          toolchain: nightly-2025-05-01
           override: true
           components: rustfmt, clippy
       - uses: baptiste0928/cargo-install@91c5da15570085bcde6f4d7aed98cb82d6769fd3 #v3.3.0
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@fb51252c7ba57d633bc668f941da052e410add48 #v1.0.6
         with:
-          toolchain: nightly-2025-12-01
+          toolchain: nightly-2025-05-01
           override: true
           components: rustfmt, clippy
       - name: install libc6
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@fb51252c7ba57d633bc668f941da052e410add48 #v1.0.6
         with:
-          toolchain: nightly-2025-12-01
+          toolchain: nightly-2025-05-01
           override: true
           components: rustfmt, clippy
       - name: install libc6
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@fb51252c7ba57d633bc668f941da052e410add48 #v1.0.6
         with:
-          toolchain: nightly-2025-12-01
+          toolchain: nightly-2025-05-01
           override: true
           components: rustfmt, clippy
       - uses: baptiste0928/cargo-install@91c5da15570085bcde6f4d7aed98cb82d6769fd3 #v3.3.0
@@ -331,7 +331,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@fb51252c7ba57d633bc668f941da052e410add48 #v1.0.6
         with:
-          toolchain: nightly-2025-12-01
+          toolchain: nightly-2025-05-01
           override: true
           components: rustfmt, clippy
       - uses: baptiste0928/cargo-install@91c5da15570085bcde6f4d7aed98cb82d6769fd3 #v3.3.0
@@ -344,11 +344,11 @@ jobs:
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
       - name: "Add rust-src"
-        run: rustup component add rust-src --toolchain nightly-2025-12-01-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
+        run: rustup component add rust-src --toolchain nightly-2025-05-01-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
       # - name: Install solc
       #   run: (hash svm 2>/dev/null || cargo install svm-rs) && svm install 0.8.20 && solc --version
       - name: Install Anvil
-        run: cargo install --git https://github.com/foundry-rs/foundry --rev c11315be56183bcbc13235475045670542d542ba --locked anvil --force
+        run: cargo install --git https://github.com/foundry-rs/foundry --rev 56b806a3ba7866a3b061093bebd0fa2ace97f1fc --locked anvil --force
       - name: KZG prove and verify tests (EVM)
         run: cargo nextest run --verbose "tests_evm::kzg_evm_prove_and_verify_::" --test-threads 1
       # - name: KZG prove and verify tests (EVM + reusable verifier + col-overflow)
@@ -380,11 +380,11 @@ jobs:
 
       - uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@fb51252c7ba57d633bc668f941da052e410add48 #v1.0.6
         with:
-          toolchain: nightly-2025-12-01
+          toolchain: nightly-2025-05-01
           override: true
           components: rustfmt, clippy
       - name: Add rust-src
-        run: rustup component add rust-src --toolchain nightly-2025-12-01-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
+        run: rustup component add rust-src --toolchain nightly-2025-05-01-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
       - name: Force rebuild icicle dependencies
         run: cargo clean -p icicle-runtime -p icicle-core -p icicle-hash -p icicle-bn254
       - uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 #v4.2.2
@@ -437,11 +437,11 @@ jobs:
           persist-credentials: false
       - uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@fb51252c7ba57d633bc668f941da052e410add48 #v1.0.6
         with:
-          toolchain: nightly-2025-12-01
+          toolchain: nightly-2025-05-01
           override: true
           components: rustfmt, clippy
       - name: Add rust-src
-        run: rustup component add rust-src --toolchain nightly-2025-12-01-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
+        run: rustup component add rust-src --toolchain nightly-2025-05-01-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
       - uses: baptiste0928/cargo-install@91c5da15570085bcde6f4d7aed98cb82d6769fd3 #v3.3.0
         with:
           crate: cargo-nextest
@@ -486,7 +486,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@fb51252c7ba57d633bc668f941da052e410add48 #v1.0.6
         with:
-          toolchain: nightly-2025-12-01
+          toolchain: nightly-2025-05-01
           override: true
           components: rustfmt, clippy
       - name: install libc6
@@ -520,7 +520,7 @@ jobs:
           python-version: "3.12"
       - uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@fb51252c7ba57d633bc668f941da052e410add48 #v1.0.6
         with:
-          toolchain: nightly-2025-12-01
+          toolchain: nightly-2025-05-01
           override: true
           components: rustfmt, clippy
       - name: Install cmake
@@ -530,7 +530,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Setup Virtual Env and Install python dependencies
         run: python -m venv .env --clear; source .env/bin/activate; pip install -r requirements.txt;
       - name: Install Anvil
-        run: cargo install --git https://github.com/foundry-rs/foundry --rev c11315be56183bcbc13235475045670542d542ba --locked anvil --force
+        run: cargo install --git https://github.com/foundry-rs/foundry --rev 56b806a3ba7866a3b061093bebd0fa2ace97f1fc --locked anvil --force
       - name: Build python ezkl
         run: source .env/bin/activate; unset CONDA_PREFIX; maturin develop --features python-bindings,reusable-verifier --profile=test-runs
       - name: Run pytest
@@ -554,7 +554,7 @@ jobs:
           python-version: "3.12"
       - uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@fb51252c7ba57d633bc668f941da052e410add48 #v1.0.6
         with:
-          toolchain: nightly-2025-12-01
+          toolchain: nightly-2025-05-01
           override: true
           components: rustfmt, clippy
       - uses: baptiste0928/cargo-install@91c5da15570085bcde6f4d7aed98cb82d6769fd3 #v3.3.0
@@ -592,7 +592,7 @@ jobs:
           python-version: "3.11"
       - uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@fb51252c7ba57d633bc668f941da052e410add48 #v1.0.6
         with:
-          toolchain: nightly-2025-12-01
+          toolchain: nightly-2025-05-01
           override: true
           components: rustfmt, clippy
       - uses: baptiste0928/cargo-install@91c5da15570085bcde6f4d7aed98cb82d6769fd3 #v3.3.0
@@ -602,7 +602,7 @@ jobs:
       # - name: Install solc
       #   run: (hash svm 2>/dev/null || cargo install svm-rs) && svm install 0.8.20 && solc --version
       - name: Install Anvil
-        run: cargo install --git https://github.com/foundry-rs/foundry --rev c11315be56183bcbc13235475045670542d542ba --locked anvil --force
+        run: cargo install --git https://github.com/foundry-rs/foundry --rev 56b806a3ba7866a3b061093bebd0fa2ace97f1fc --locked anvil --force
       - name: Install pip
         run: python -m ensurepip --upgrade
       - name: Setup Virtual Env and Install python dependencies

.github/workflows/static-analysis.yml

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ jobs:
           persist-credentials: false
       - uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@fb51252c7ba57d633bc668f941da052e410add48  #v1.0.6
         with:
-          toolchain: nightly-2025-12-01
+          toolchain: nightly-2025-05-01
           override: true
           components: rustfmt, clippy
 

Cargo.toml

@@ -51,16 +51,17 @@ semver = { version = "1.0.22", optional = true }
 # evm related deps
 serde_json = { version = "1.0.97", features = ["float_roundtrip", "raw_value"] }
 
-alloy = { version = "1.0", features = [
+alloy = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", version = "0.1.0", rev = "5fbf57bac99edef9d8475190109a7ea9fb7e5e83", features = [
     "provider-http",
     "signers",
     "contract",
     "rpc-types-eth",
-    "signer-local",
+    "signer-wallet",
     "node-bindings",
+
 ], optional = true }
 
-foundry-compilers = { version = "0.19.1", features = [
+foundry-compilers = { version = "0.4.1", features = [
     "svm-solc",
 ], optional = true }
 ethabi = { version = "18", optional = true }
@@ -79,16 +80,16 @@ tokio = { version = "1.35.0", default-features = false, features = [
     "macros",
     "rt-multi-thread",
 ], optional = true }
-pyo3 = { version = "0.27.2", features = [
+pyo3 = { version = "0.24.2", features = [
     "extension-module",
     "abi3-py37",
     "macros",
 ], default-features = false, optional = true }
-pyo3-async-runtimes = { git = "https://github.com/PyO3/pyo3-async-runtimes", version = "0.27.0", features = [
+pyo3-async-runtimes = { git = "https://github.com/PyO3/pyo3-async-runtimes", version = "0.24.0", features = [
     "attributes",
     "tokio-runtime",
 ], default-features = false, optional = true }
-pyo3-log = { version = "0.13.2", default-features = false, optional = true }
+pyo3-log = { version = "0.12.0", default-features = false, optional = true }
 tract-onnx = { git = "https://github.com/sonos/tract/", rev = "37132e0397d0a73e5bd3a8615d932dabe44f6736", default-features = false, optional = true }
 tabled = { version = "0.12.0", optional = true }
 objc = { version = "0.2.4", optional = true }

README.md

@@ -155,5 +155,5 @@ Check out `docs/advanced_security` for more advanced information on potential th
 THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 
-Copyright (c) 2026 Zkonduit Inc. 
+Copyright (c) 2025 Zkonduit Inc. 
 

docs/python/src/conf.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import ezkl
 
 project = 'ezkl'
-release = '23.0.4'
+release = '0.0.0'
 version = release
 
 

rust-toolchain

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 [toolchain]
-channel = "nightly-2025-12-01"
+channel = "nightly-2025-05-01"
 components = ["rustfmt", "clippy"]

src/bindings/python.rs

@@ -920,19 +920,18 @@ fn calibrate_settings(
 ))]
 #[gen_stub_pyfunction]
 fn gen_witness(
-    py: Python<'_>,
     data: String,
     model: PathBuf,
     output: Option<PathBuf>,
     vk_path: Option<PathBuf>,
     srs_path: Option<PathBuf>,
-) -> PyResult<Py<PyAny>> {
+) -> PyResult<PyObject> {
     let output =
         crate::execute::gen_witness(model, data, output, vk_path, srs_path).map_err(|e| {
             let err_str = format!("Failed to generate witness: {}", e);
             PyRuntimeError::new_err(err_str)
         })?;
-    Ok(output.into_pyobject(py).unwrap().unbind())
+    Python::with_gil(|py| Ok(output.into_pyobject(py).unwrap().into()))
 }
 
 /// Mocks the prover
@@ -1054,13 +1053,12 @@ fn setup(
 ))]
 #[gen_stub_pyfunction]
 fn prove(
-    py: Python<'_>,
     witness: PathBuf,
     model: PathBuf,
     pk_path: PathBuf,
     proof_path: Option<PathBuf>,
     srs_path: Option<PathBuf>,
-) -> PyResult<Py<PyAny>> {
+) -> PyResult<PyObject> {
     let snark = crate::execute::prove(
         witness,
         model,
@@ -1074,7 +1072,7 @@ fn prove(
         PyRuntimeError::new_err(err_str)
     })?;
 
-    Ok(snark.into_pyobject(py).unwrap().unbind())
+    Python::with_gil(|py| Ok(snark.into_pyobject(py).unwrap().into()))
 }
 
 /// Verifies a given proof

src/circuit/ops/chip.rs

@@ -102,11 +102,9 @@ impl<'py> IntoPyObject<'py> for CheckMode {
 
 #[cfg(feature = "python-bindings")]
 /// Obtains CheckMode from PyObject (Required for CheckMode to be compatible with Python)
-impl<'py> FromPyObject<'_, 'py> for CheckMode {
-    type Error = pyo3::PyErr;
-
-    fn extract(ob: pyo3::Borrowed<'_, 'py, pyo3::PyAny>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
-        let trystr = String::extract(ob)?;
+impl<'source> FromPyObject<'source> for CheckMode {
+    fn extract_bound(ob: &pyo3::Bound<'source, pyo3::PyAny>) -> PyResult<Self> {
+        let trystr = String::extract_bound(ob)?;
         match trystr.to_lowercase().as_str() {
             "safe" => Ok(CheckMode::SAFE),
             "unsafe" => Ok(CheckMode::UNSAFE),

src/circuit/ops/layouts.rs

@@ -159,18 +159,17 @@ pub fn diff_less_than<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Hash>
     values: &[&ValTensor<F>; 2],
     constant: F,
 ) -> Result<(), CircuitError> {
-    let distance = l1_distance(config, region, values)?;
-
-    let constant = create_constant_tensor(constant, 1);
-    let is_less = less(config, region, &[&distance, &constant])?;
-
-    // assert the result is 1
-    let comparison_unit = create_constant_tensor(F::ONE, is_less.len());
-    enforce_equality(config, region, &[&is_less, &comparison_unit])?;
+    let diff = pairwise(config, region, values, BaseOp::Sub)?;
+    let int_rep_constant = felt_to_integer_rep(constant);
+    range_check(
+        config,
+        region,
+        &[&diff],
+        &(-int_rep_constant + 1, int_rep_constant - 1),
+    )?;
 
     Ok(())
 }
-
 /// Performs division of a tensor by a constant value.
 ///
 /// This function divides each element in a tensor by a scalar divisor value, using
@@ -6229,9 +6228,9 @@ pub(crate) fn recompose<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Has
         (0..num_first_dims)
             .flat_map(|_| {
                 (0..n).rev().map(|x| {
-                    let base = (*base as IntegerRep).checked_pow(x as u32);
+                    let base = (*base).checked_pow(x as u32);
                     if let Some(base) = base {
-                        Ok(ValType::Constant(integer_rep_to_felt(base)))
+                        Ok(ValType::Constant(integer_rep_to_felt(base as IntegerRep)))
                     } else {
                         Err(CircuitError::DecompositionBaseOverflow)
                     }
@@ -6341,9 +6340,9 @@ pub(crate) fn decompose<F: PrimeField + TensorType + PartialOrd + std::hash::Has
         (0..input.len())
             .flat_map(|_| {
                 (0..*n).rev().map(|x| {
-                    let base = (*base as IntegerRep).checked_pow(x as u32);
+                    let base = (*base).checked_pow(x as u32);
                     if let Some(base) = base {
-                        Ok(ValType::Constant(integer_rep_to_felt(base)))
+                        Ok(ValType::Constant(integer_rep_to_felt(base as IntegerRep)))
                     } else {
                         Err(CircuitError::DecompositionBaseOverflow)
                     }

src/commands.rs

@@ -238,11 +238,9 @@ impl<'py> IntoPyObject<'py> for CalibrationTarget {
 
 #[cfg(feature = "python-bindings")]
 /// Obtains CalibrationTarget from PyObject (Required for CalibrationTarget to be compatible with Python)
-impl<'py> FromPyObject<'_, 'py> for CalibrationTarget {
-    type Error = pyo3::PyErr;
-
-    fn extract(ob: pyo3::Borrowed<'_, 'py, pyo3::PyAny>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
-        let strval = String::extract(ob)?;
+impl<'source> FromPyObject<'source> for CalibrationTarget {
+    fn extract_bound(ob: &pyo3::Bound<'source, pyo3::PyAny>) -> PyResult<Self> {
+        let strval = String::extract_bound(ob)?;
         match strval.to_lowercase().as_str() {
             "resources" => Ok(CalibrationTarget::Resources {
                 col_overflow: false,
@@ -272,11 +270,9 @@ impl<'py> IntoPyObject<'py> for ContractType {
 
 #[cfg(feature = "python-bindings")]
 /// Obtains ContractType from PyObject (Required for ContractType to be compatible with Python)
-impl<'py> FromPyObject<'_, 'py> for ContractType {
-    type Error = pyo3::PyErr;
-
-    fn extract(ob: pyo3::Borrowed<'_, 'py, pyo3::PyAny>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
-        let strval = String::extract(ob)?;
+impl<'source> FromPyObject<'source> for ContractType {
+    fn extract_bound(ob: &pyo3::Bound<'source, pyo3::PyAny>) -> PyResult<Self> {
+        let strval = String::extract_bound(ob)?;
         match strval.to_lowercase().as_str() {
             "verifier" => Ok(ContractType::Verifier { reusable: false }),
             "verifier/reusable" => Ok(ContractType::Verifier { reusable: true }),

src/eth.rs

@@ -4,26 +4,31 @@ use alloy::core::primitives::Address as H160;
 use alloy::core::primitives::Bytes;
 use alloy::core::primitives::I256;
 use alloy::dyn_abi::abi::TokenSeq;
+// use alloy::providers::Middleware;
 use alloy::json_abi::JsonAbi;
-use alloy::network::{Ethereum, EthereumWallet};
 use alloy::primitives::ruint::ParseError;
 use alloy::primitives::ParseSignedError;
+use alloy::providers::fillers::{
+    ChainIdFiller, FillProvider, GasFiller, JoinFill, NonceFiller, SignerFiller,
+};
+use alloy::providers::network::{Ethereum, EthereumSigner};
 use alloy::providers::ProviderBuilder;
-use alloy::providers::Provider;
-use alloy::rpc::types::TransactionInput;
-use alloy::rpc::types::TransactionRequest;
+use alloy::providers::{Identity, Provider, RootProvider};
+use alloy::rpc::types::eth::TransactionInput;
+use alloy::rpc::types::eth::TransactionRequest;
 use alloy::signers::k256::ecdsa;
-use alloy::signers::local::{PrivateKeySigner, LocalSignerError};
+use alloy::signers::wallet::{LocalWallet, WalletError};
 use alloy::transports::http::Http;
 use alloy::transports::{RpcError, TransportErrorKind};
 use foundry_compilers::artifacts::Settings as SolcSettings;
 use foundry_compilers::error::{SolcError, SolcIoError};
-use foundry_compilers::solc::Solc;
+use foundry_compilers::Solc;
 use halo2_solidity_verifier::encode_register_vk_calldata;
 use halo2curves::bn256::{Fr, G1Affine};
 use log::{debug, info, warn};
 use reqwest::Client;
 use std::path::PathBuf;
+use std::str::FromStr;
 use std::sync::Arc;
 
 const ANVIL_DEFAULT_PRIVATE_KEY: &str =
@@ -47,10 +52,8 @@ pub enum EthError {
     Transport(#[from] RpcError<TransportErrorKind>),
     #[error("a contract error occurred: {0}")]
     Contract(#[from] alloy::contract::Error),
-    #[error("a pending transaction error occurred: {0}")]
-    PendingTransaction(#[from] alloy::providers::PendingTransactionError),
     #[error("a wallet error occurred: {0}")]
-    Wallet(#[from] LocalSignerError),
+    Wallet(#[from] WalletError),
     #[error("failed to parse url {0}")]
     UrlParse(String),
     #[error("Private key must be in hex format, 64 chars, without 0x prefix")]
@@ -99,57 +102,49 @@ pub enum EthError {
 }
 
 pub type EthersClient = Arc<
-    alloy::providers::fillers::FillProvider<
-        alloy::providers::fillers::JoinFill<
-            alloy::providers::fillers::JoinFill<
-                alloy::providers::fillers::JoinFill<
-                    alloy::providers::fillers::JoinFill<
-                        alloy::providers::Identity,
-                        alloy::providers::fillers::GasFiller,
-                    >,
-                    alloy::providers::fillers::NonceFiller,
-                >,
-                alloy::providers::fillers::ChainIdFiller,
-            >,
-            alloy::providers::fillers::WalletFiller<EthereumWallet>,
+    FillProvider<
+        JoinFill<
+            JoinFill<JoinFill<JoinFill<Identity, GasFiller>, NonceFiller>, ChainIdFiller>,
+            SignerFiller<EthereumSigner>,
         >,
-        alloy::providers::RootProvider<Http<Client>>,
+        RootProvider<Http<Client>>,
         Http<Client>,
+        Ethereum,
     >,
 >;
 
-pub type ContractFactory<M> = CallBuilder<Arc<M>, (), Ethereum>;
+pub type ContractFactory<M> = CallBuilder<Http<Client>, Arc<M>, ()>;
 
 /// Return an instance of Anvil and a client for the given RPC URL. If none is provided, a local client is used.
 pub async fn setup_eth_backend(
     rpc_url: &str,
     private_key: Option<&str>,
-) -> Result<(Arc<impl Provider + Clone>, alloy::primitives::Address), EthError> {
+) -> Result<(EthersClient, alloy::primitives::Address), EthError> {
     // Launch anvil
 
     let endpoint = rpc_url.to_string();
 
     // Instantiate the wallet
-    let signer: PrivateKeySigner;
+    let wallet: LocalWallet;
     if let Some(private_key) = private_key {
         debug!("using private key {}", private_key);
         if private_key.len() != 64 {
             return Err(EthError::PrivateKeyFormat);
         }
         let private_key_buffer = hex::decode(private_key)?;
-        signer = PrivateKeySigner::from_slice(&private_key_buffer)?;
+        wallet = LocalWallet::from_slice(&private_key_buffer)?;
     } else {
-        signer = ANVIL_DEFAULT_PRIVATE_KEY.parse()?;
+        wallet = LocalWallet::from_str(ANVIL_DEFAULT_PRIVATE_KEY)?;
     }
 
-    let wallet_address = signer.address();
-    let wallet = EthereumWallet::from(signer);
+    let wallet_address = wallet.address();
 
     // Connect to the network
     let client = Arc::new(
         ProviderBuilder::new()
-            .wallet(wallet)
-            .connect_http(endpoint.parse().map_err(|_| EthError::UrlParse(endpoint))?),
+            .with_recommended_fillers()
+            .signer(EthereumSigner::from(wallet))
+            .on_http(endpoint.parse().map_err(|_| EthError::UrlParse(endpoint))?),
     );
 
     let chain_id = client.get_chain_id().await?;
@@ -199,7 +194,7 @@ pub async fn register_vka_via_rv(
     let tx = TransactionRequest::default().to(rv_address).input(input);
     debug!("transaction {:#?}", tx);
 
-    let result = client.call(tx.clone()).await;
+    let result = client.call(&tx).await;
 
     if let Err(e) = result {
         return Err(EthError::EvmVerificationError(e.to_string()).into());
@@ -209,7 +204,7 @@ pub async fn register_vka_via_rv(
     // decode return bytes value into uint8
     let output = result.to_vec();
 
-    let gas = client.estimate_gas(tx.clone()).await?;
+    let gas = client.estimate_gas(&tx).await?;
 
     info!("estimated vka registration cost: {:#?}", gas);
 
@@ -220,11 +215,11 @@ pub async fn register_vka_via_rv(
     result.watch().await?;
 
     // if gas is greater than 30 million warn the user that the gas cost is above ethereum's 30 million block gas limit
-    if gas > 30_000_000_u64 {
+    if gas > 30_000_000_u128 {
         warn!(
             "Gas cost of verify transaction is greater than 30 million block gas limit. It will fail on mainnet."
         );
-    } else if gas > 15_000_000_u64 {
+    } else if gas > 15_000_000_u128 {
         warn!(
             "Gas cost of verify transaction is greater than 15 million, the target block size for ethereum"
         );
@@ -271,7 +266,7 @@ pub async fn verify_proof_via_solidity(
     let tx = TransactionRequest::default().to(addr).input(input);
     debug!("transaction {:#?}", tx);
 
-    let result = client.call(tx.clone()).await;
+    let result = client.call(&tx).await;
 
     if let Err(e) = result {
         return Err(EthError::EvmVerificationError(e.to_string()).into());
@@ -296,7 +291,7 @@ pub async fn verify_proof_via_solidity(
                 if !scaled_matches(inst, exp) {
                     return Err(EthError::RescaleCheckError(RescaleCheckError::Mismatch {
                         idx,
-                        expected: exp.to_string(),
+                        expected: exp.clone(),
                         got: to_decimal_18(inst),
                     }));
                 }
@@ -313,16 +308,16 @@ pub async fn verify_proof_via_solidity(
         return Err(EthError::EvmVerificationError("Invalid proof".into()));
     }
 
-    let gas = client.estimate_gas(tx.clone()).await?;
+    let gas = client.estimate_gas(&tx).await?;
 
     info!("estimated verify gas cost: {:#?}", gas);
 
     // if gas is greater than 30 million warn the user that the gas cost is above ethereum's 30 million block gas limit
-    if gas > 30_000_000_u64 {
+    if gas > 30_000_000_u128 {
         warn!(
             "Gas cost of verify transaction is greater than 30 million block gas limit. It will fail on mainnet."
         );
-    } else if gas > 15_000_000_u64 {
+    } else if gas > 15_000_000_u128 {
         warn!(
             "Gas cost of verify transaction is greater than 15 million, the target block size for ethereum"
         );
@@ -332,7 +327,7 @@ pub async fn verify_proof_via_solidity(
 }
 
 /// Generates the contract factory for a solidity verifier. The factory is used to deploy the contract
-fn get_sol_contract_factory<'a, M: 'static + Provider, T: TokenSeq<'a>>(
+fn get_sol_contract_factory<'a, M: 'static + Provider<Http<Client>, Ethereum>, T: TokenSeq<'a>>(
     abi: JsonAbi,
     bytecode: Bytes,
     runtime_bytecode: Bytes,
@@ -370,7 +365,7 @@ fn get_sol_contract_factory<'a, M: 'static + Provider, T: TokenSeq<'a>>(
         }
     };
 
-    Ok(CallBuilder::<_, _, Ethereum>::new_raw_deploy(client, data))
+    Ok(CallBuilder::new_raw_deploy(client, data))
 }
 
 /// Compiles a solidity verifier contract and returns the abi, bytecode, and runtime bytecode
@@ -379,12 +374,11 @@ pub async fn get_contract_artifacts(
     contract_name: &str,
     runs: usize,
 ) -> Result<(JsonAbi, Bytes, Bytes), EthError> {
-    use foundry_compilers::artifacts::{
-        output_selection::OutputSelection, Optimizer, SolcInput, SolcLanguage,
+    use foundry_compilers::{
+        artifacts::{output_selection::OutputSelection, Optimizer},
+        compilers::CompilerInput,
+        SolcInput, SHANGHAI_SOLC,
     };
-    use semver::Version;
-
-    const SHANGHAI_SOLC: Version = Version::new(0, 8, 20);
 
     if !sol_code_path.exists() {
         return Err(EthError::ContractNotFound(
@@ -402,14 +396,16 @@ pub async fn get_contract_artifacts(
         ..Default::default()
     };
 
-    let sources = foundry_compilers::artifacts::Sources::from([(
-        sol_code_path.clone(),
-        foundry_compilers::artifacts::Source::read(&sol_code_path)?,
-    )]);
+    let input = SolcInput::build(
+        std::collections::BTreeMap::from([(
+            sol_code_path.clone(),
+            foundry_compilers::artifacts::Source::read(sol_code_path)?,
+        )]),
+        settings,
+        &SHANGHAI_SOLC,
+    );
 
-    let input = SolcInput::new(SolcLanguage::Solidity, sources, settings).sanitized(&SHANGHAI_SOLC);
-
-    let solc_opt = Solc::find_svm_installed_version(&SHANGHAI_SOLC)?;
+    let solc_opt = Solc::find_svm_installed_version(SHANGHAI_SOLC.to_string())?;
     let solc = match solc_opt {
         Some(solc) => solc,
         None => {
@@ -420,7 +416,7 @@ pub async fn get_contract_artifacts(
         }
     };
 
-    let compiled = solc.compile(&input)?;
+    let compiled: foundry_compilers::CompilerOutput = solc.compile(&input[0])?;
 
     let (abi, bytecode, runtime_bytecode) = match compiled.find(contract_name) {
         Some(c) => c.into_parts_or_default(),

src/graph/vars.rs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ use halo2curves::ff::PrimeField;
 use itertools::Itertools;
 use log::debug;
 #[cfg(feature = "python-bindings")]
-use pyo3::{exceptions::PyValueError, FromPyObject, IntoPyObject, Python};
+use pyo3::{exceptions::PyValueError, FromPyObject, IntoPyObject, PyResult, Python};
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 #[cfg(all(feature = "ezkl", not(target_arch = "wasm32")))]
 use tosubcommand::ToFlags;
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ impl<'a> From<&'a str> for Visibility {
             let outlets = outlets
                 .trim_start_matches('/')
                 .split(',')
-                .map(|s: &str| s.parse::<usize>().unwrap())
+                .map(|s| s.parse::<usize>().unwrap())
                 .collect_vec();
 
             return Visibility::Hashed {
@@ -139,12 +139,10 @@ impl<'py> IntoPyObject<'py> for Visibility {
 }
 
 #[cfg(feature = "python-bindings")]
-impl<'py> FromPyObject<'_, 'py> for Visibility {
-    type Error = pyo3::PyErr;
-
+impl<'source> FromPyObject<'source> for Visibility {
     /// Extracts Visibility from Python object
-    fn extract(ob: pyo3::Borrowed<'_, 'py, pyo3::PyAny>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
-        let strval = String::extract(ob)?;
+    fn extract_bound(ob: &pyo3::Bound<'source, pyo3::PyAny>) -> PyResult<Self> {
+        let strval = String::extract_bound(ob)?;
         let strval = strval.as_str();
 
         if strval.contains("hashed/private") {
@@ -152,7 +150,7 @@ impl<'py> FromPyObject<'_, 'py> for Visibility {
             let outlets = outlets
                 .trim_start_matches('/')
                 .split(',')
-                .map(|s: &str| s.parse::<usize>().unwrap())
+                .map(|s| s.parse::<usize>().unwrap())
                 .collect_vec();
 
             return Ok(Visibility::Hashed {