fix(ui): coerce form values to schema types before config.set (#13468)

Co-authored-by: Gustavo Madeira Santana <gumadeiras@users.noreply.github.com>

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ Docs: https://docs.openclaw.ai
 - Agents: strip reasoning tags and downgraded tool markers from messaging tool and streaming output to prevent leakage. (#11053, #13453) Thanks @liebertar, @meaadore1221-afk, @gumadeiras.
 - Browser: prevent stuck `act:evaluate` from wedging the browser tool, and make cancellation stop waiting promptly. (#13498) Thanks @onutc.
 - Web UI: make chat refresh smoothly scroll to the latest messages and suppress new-messages badge flash during manual refresh.
+- Web UI: coerce Form Editor values to schema types before `config.set` and `config.apply`, preventing numeric and boolean fields from being serialized as strings. (#13468) Thanks @mcaxtr.
 - Tools/web_search: include provider-specific settings in the web search cache key, and pass `inlineCitations` for Grok. (#12419) Thanks @tmchow.
 - Tools/web_search: fix Grok response parsing for xAI Responses API output blocks. (#13049) Thanks @ereid7.
 - Tools/web_search: normalize direct Perplexity model IDs while keeping OpenRouter model IDs unchanged. (#12795) Thanks @cdorsey.

ui/src/ui/controllers/config.test.ts

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import {
   applyConfigSnapshot,
   applyConfig,
   runUpdate,
+  saveConfig,
   updateConfigFormValue,
   type ConfigState,
 } from "./config.ts";
@@ -157,6 +158,124 @@ describe("applyConfig", () => {
       sessionKey: "agent:main:whatsapp:dm:+15555550123",
     });
   });
+
+  it("coerces schema-typed values before config.apply in form mode", async () => {
+    const request = vi.fn().mockImplementation(async (method: string) => {
+      if (method === "config.get") {
+        return { config: {}, valid: true, issues: [], raw: "{\n}\n" };
+      }
+      return {};
+    });
+    const state = createState();
+    state.connected = true;
+    state.client = { request } as unknown as ConfigState["client"];
+    state.applySessionKey = "agent:main:web:dm:test";
+    state.configFormMode = "form";
+    state.configForm = {
+      gateway: { port: "18789", debug: "true" },
+    };
+    state.configSchema = {
+      type: "object",
+      properties: {
+        gateway: {
+          type: "object",
+          properties: {
+            port: { type: "number" },
+            debug: { type: "boolean" },
+          },
+        },
+      },
+    };
+    state.configSnapshot = { hash: "hash-apply-1" };
+
+    await applyConfig(state);
+
+    expect(request.mock.calls[0]?.[0]).toBe("config.apply");
+    const params = request.mock.calls[0]?.[1] as {
+      raw: string;
+      baseHash: string;
+      sessionKey: string;
+    };
+    const parsed = JSON.parse(params.raw) as {
+      gateway: { port: unknown; debug: unknown };
+    };
+    expect(typeof parsed.gateway.port).toBe("number");
+    expect(parsed.gateway.port).toBe(18789);
+    expect(parsed.gateway.debug).toBe(true);
+    expect(params.baseHash).toBe("hash-apply-1");
+    expect(params.sessionKey).toBe("agent:main:web:dm:test");
+  });
+});
+
+describe("saveConfig", () => {
+  it("coerces schema-typed values before config.set in form mode", async () => {
+    const request = vi.fn().mockImplementation(async (method: string) => {
+      if (method === "config.get") {
+        return { config: {}, valid: true, issues: [], raw: "{\n}\n" };
+      }
+      return {};
+    });
+    const state = createState();
+    state.connected = true;
+    state.client = { request } as unknown as ConfigState["client"];
+    state.configFormMode = "form";
+    state.configForm = {
+      gateway: { port: "18789", enabled: "false" },
+    };
+    state.configSchema = {
+      type: "object",
+      properties: {
+        gateway: {
+          type: "object",
+          properties: {
+            port: { type: "number" },
+            enabled: { type: "boolean" },
+          },
+        },
+      },
+    };
+    state.configSnapshot = { hash: "hash-save-1" };
+
+    await saveConfig(state);
+
+    expect(request.mock.calls[0]?.[0]).toBe("config.set");
+    const params = request.mock.calls[0]?.[1] as { raw: string; baseHash: string };
+    const parsed = JSON.parse(params.raw) as {
+      gateway: { port: unknown; enabled: unknown };
+    };
+    expect(typeof parsed.gateway.port).toBe("number");
+    expect(parsed.gateway.port).toBe(18789);
+    expect(parsed.gateway.enabled).toBe(false);
+    expect(params.baseHash).toBe("hash-save-1");
+  });
+
+  it("skips coercion when schema is not an object", async () => {
+    const request = vi.fn().mockImplementation(async (method: string) => {
+      if (method === "config.get") {
+        return { config: {}, valid: true, issues: [], raw: "{\n}\n" };
+      }
+      return {};
+    });
+    const state = createState();
+    state.connected = true;
+    state.client = { request } as unknown as ConfigState["client"];
+    state.configFormMode = "form";
+    state.configForm = {
+      gateway: { port: "18789" },
+    };
+    state.configSchema = "invalid-schema";
+    state.configSnapshot = { hash: "hash-save-2" };
+
+    await saveConfig(state);
+
+    expect(request.mock.calls[0]?.[0]).toBe("config.set");
+    const params = request.mock.calls[0]?.[1] as { raw: string; baseHash: string };
+    const parsed = JSON.parse(params.raw) as {
+      gateway: { port: unknown };
+    };
+    expect(parsed.gateway.port).toBe("18789");
+    expect(params.baseHash).toBe("hash-save-2");
+  });
 });
 
 describe("runUpdate", () => {

ui/src/ui/controllers/config.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 import type { GatewayBrowserClient } from "../gateway.ts";
 import type { ConfigSchemaResponse, ConfigSnapshot, ConfigUiHints } from "../types.ts";
+import type { JsonSchema } from "../views/config-form.shared.ts";
+import { coerceFormValues } from "./config/form-coerce.ts";
 import {
   cloneConfigObject,
   removePathValue,
@@ -99,6 +101,32 @@ export function applyConfigSnapshot(state: ConfigState, snapshot: ConfigSnapshot
   }
 }
 
+function asJsonSchema(value: unknown): JsonSchema | null {
+  if (!value || typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
+    return null;
+  }
+  return value as JsonSchema;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Serialize the form state for submission to `config.set` / `config.apply`.
+ *
+ * HTML `<input>` elements produce string `.value` properties, so numeric and
+ * boolean config fields can leak into `configForm` as strings.  We coerce
+ * them back to their schema-defined types before JSON serialization so the
+ * gateway's Zod validation always sees correctly typed values.
+ */
+function serializeFormForSubmit(state: ConfigState): string {
+  if (state.configFormMode !== "form" || !state.configForm) {
+    return state.configRaw;
+  }
+  const schema = asJsonSchema(state.configSchema);
+  const form = schema
+    ? (coerceFormValues(state.configForm, schema) as Record<string, unknown>)
+    : state.configForm;
+  return serializeConfigForm(form);
+}
+
 export async function saveConfig(state: ConfigState) {
   if (!state.client || !state.connected) {
     return;
@@ -106,10 +134,7 @@ export async function saveConfig(state: ConfigState) {
   state.configSaving = true;
   state.lastError = null;
   try {
-    const raw =
-      state.configFormMode === "form" && state.configForm
-        ? serializeConfigForm(state.configForm)
-        : state.configRaw;
+    const raw = serializeFormForSubmit(state);
     const baseHash = state.configSnapshot?.hash;
     if (!baseHash) {
       state.lastError = "Config hash missing; reload and retry.";
@@ -132,10 +157,7 @@ export async function applyConfig(state: ConfigState) {
   state.configApplying = true;
   state.lastError = null;
   try {
-    const raw =
-      state.configFormMode === "form" && state.configForm
-        ? serializeConfigForm(state.configForm)
-        : state.configRaw;
+    const raw = serializeFormForSubmit(state);
     const baseHash = state.configSnapshot?.hash;
     if (!baseHash) {
       state.lastError = "Config hash missing; reload and retry.";

ui/src/ui/controllers/config/form-coerce.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+import { schemaType, type JsonSchema } from "../../views/config-form.shared.ts";
+
+function coerceNumberString(value: string, integer: boolean): number | undefined | string {
+  const trimmed = value.trim();
+  if (trimmed === "") {
+    return undefined;
+  }
+  const parsed = Number(trimmed);
+  if (!Number.isFinite(parsed)) {
+    return value;
+  }
+  if (integer && !Number.isInteger(parsed)) {
+    return value;
+  }
+  return parsed;
+}
+
+function coerceBooleanString(value: string): boolean | string {
+  const trimmed = value.trim();
+  if (trimmed === "true") {
+    return true;
+  }
+  if (trimmed === "false") {
+    return false;
+  }
+  return value;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Walk a form value tree alongside its JSON Schema and coerce string values
+ * to their schema-defined types (number, boolean).
+ *
+ * HTML `<input>` elements always produce string `.value` properties.  Even
+ * though the form rendering code converts values correctly for most paths,
+ * some interactions (map-field repopulation, re-renders, paste, etc.) can
+ * leak raw strings into the config form state.  This utility acts as a
+ * safety net before serialization so that `config.set` always receives
+ * correctly typed JSON.
+ */
+export function coerceFormValues(value: unknown, schema: JsonSchema): unknown {
+  if (value === null || value === undefined) {
+    return value;
+  }
+
+  if (schema.allOf && schema.allOf.length > 0) {
+    let next: unknown = value;
+    for (const segment of schema.allOf) {
+      next = coerceFormValues(next, segment);
+    }
+    return next;
+  }
+
+  const type = schemaType(schema);
+
+  // Handle anyOf/oneOf — try to match the value against a variant
+  if (schema.anyOf || schema.oneOf) {
+    const variants = (schema.anyOf ?? schema.oneOf ?? []).filter(
+      (v) => !(v.type === "null" || (Array.isArray(v.type) && v.type.includes("null"))),
+    );
+
+    if (variants.length === 1) {
+      return coerceFormValues(value, variants[0]);
+    }
+
+    // Try number/boolean coercion for string values
+    if (typeof value === "string") {
+      for (const variant of variants) {
+        const variantType = schemaType(variant);
+        if (variantType === "number" || variantType === "integer") {
+          const coerced = coerceNumberString(value, variantType === "integer");
+          if (coerced === undefined || typeof coerced === "number") {
+            return coerced;
+          }
+        }
+        if (variantType === "boolean") {
+          const coerced = coerceBooleanString(value);
+          if (typeof coerced === "boolean") {
+            return coerced;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    // For non-string values (objects, arrays), try to recurse into matching variant
+    for (const variant of variants) {
+      const variantType = schemaType(variant);
+      if (variantType === "object" && typeof value === "object" && !Array.isArray(value)) {
+        return coerceFormValues(value, variant);
+      }
+      if (variantType === "array" && Array.isArray(value)) {
+        return coerceFormValues(value, variant);
+      }
+    }
+
+    return value;
+  }
+
+  if (type === "number" || type === "integer") {
+    if (typeof value === "string") {
+      const coerced = coerceNumberString(value, type === "integer");
+      if (coerced === undefined || typeof coerced === "number") {
+        return coerced;
+      }
+    }
+    return value;
+  }
+
+  if (type === "boolean") {
+    if (typeof value === "string") {
+      const coerced = coerceBooleanString(value);
+      if (typeof coerced === "boolean") {
+        return coerced;
+      }
+    }
+    return value;
+  }
+
+  if (type === "object") {
+    if (typeof value !== "object" || Array.isArray(value)) {
+      return value;
+    }
+    const obj = value as Record<string, unknown>;
+    const props = schema.properties ?? {};
+    const additional =
+      schema.additionalProperties && typeof schema.additionalProperties === "object"
+        ? schema.additionalProperties
+        : null;
+    const result: Record<string, unknown> = {};
+    for (const [key, val] of Object.entries(obj)) {
+      const propSchema = props[key] ?? additional;
+      const coerced = propSchema ? coerceFormValues(val, propSchema) : val;
+      // Omit undefined — "clear field = unset" for optional properties
+      if (coerced !== undefined) {
+        result[key] = coerced;
+      }
+    }
+    return result;
+  }
+
+  if (type === "array") {
+    if (!Array.isArray(value)) {
+      return value;
+    }
+    if (Array.isArray(schema.items)) {
+      // Tuple form: each index has its own schema
+      const tuple = schema.items;
+      return value.map((item, i) => {
+        const s = i < tuple.length ? tuple[i] : undefined;
+        return s ? coerceFormValues(item, s) : item;
+      });
+    }
+    const itemsSchema = schema.items;
+    if (!itemsSchema) {
+      return value;
+    }
+    return value.map((item) => coerceFormValues(item, itemsSchema)).filter((v) => v !== undefined);
+  }
+
+  return value;
+}

ui/src/ui/controllers/config/form-utils.node.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,471 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+import type { JsonSchema } from "../../views/config-form.shared.ts";
+import { coerceFormValues } from "./form-coerce.ts";
+import { cloneConfigObject, serializeConfigForm, setPathValue } from "./form-utils.ts";
+
+/**
+ * Minimal model provider schema matching the Zod-generated JSON Schema for
+ * `models.providers` (see zod-schema.core.ts → ModelDefinitionSchema).
+ */
+const modelDefinitionSchema: JsonSchema = {
+  type: "object",
+  properties: {
+    id: { type: "string" },
+    name: { type: "string" },
+    reasoning: { type: "boolean" },
+    contextWindow: { type: "number" },
+    maxTokens: { type: "number" },
+    cost: {
+      type: "object",
+      properties: {
+        input: { type: "number" },
+        output: { type: "number" },
+        cacheRead: { type: "number" },
+        cacheWrite: { type: "number" },
+      },
+    },
+  },
+};
+
+const modelProviderSchema: JsonSchema = {
+  type: "object",
+  properties: {
+    baseUrl: { type: "string" },
+    apiKey: { type: "string" },
+    models: {
+      type: "array",
+      items: modelDefinitionSchema,
+    },
+  },
+};
+
+const modelsConfigSchema: JsonSchema = {
+  type: "object",
+  properties: {
+    providers: {
+      type: "object",
+      additionalProperties: modelProviderSchema,
+    },
+  },
+};
+
+const topLevelSchema: JsonSchema = {
+  type: "object",
+  properties: {
+    gateway: {
+      type: "object",
+      properties: {
+        auth: {
+          type: "object",
+          properties: {
+            token: { type: "string" },
+          },
+        },
+      },
+    },
+    models: modelsConfigSchema,
+  },
+};
+
+function makeConfigWithProvider(): Record<string, unknown> {
+  return {
+    gateway: { auth: { token: "test-token" } },
+    models: {
+      providers: {
+        xai: {
+          baseUrl: "https://api.x.ai/v1",
+          models: [
+            {
+              id: "grok-4",
+              name: "Grok 4",
+              contextWindow: 131072,
+              maxTokens: 8192,
+              cost: { input: 0.5, output: 1.0, cacheRead: 0.1, cacheWrite: 0.2 },
+            },
+          ],
+        },
+      },
+    },
+  };
+}
+
+describe("form-utils preserves numeric types", () => {
+  it("serializeConfigForm preserves numbers in JSON output", () => {
+    const form = makeConfigWithProvider();
+    const raw = serializeConfigForm(form);
+    const parsed = JSON.parse(raw);
+    const model = parsed.models.providers.xai.models[0];
+
+    expect(typeof model.maxTokens).toBe("number");
+    expect(model.maxTokens).toBe(8192);
+    expect(typeof model.contextWindow).toBe("number");
+    expect(model.contextWindow).toBe(131072);
+    expect(typeof model.cost.input).toBe("number");
+    expect(model.cost.input).toBe(0.5);
+  });
+
+  it("cloneConfigObject + setPathValue preserves unrelated numeric fields", () => {
+    const form = makeConfigWithProvider();
+    const cloned = cloneConfigObject(form);
+    setPathValue(cloned, ["gateway", "auth", "token"], "new-token");
+
+    const model = cloned.models as Record<string, unknown>;
+    const providers = model.providers as Record<string, unknown>;
+    const xai = providers.xai as Record<string, unknown>;
+    const models = xai.models as Array<Record<string, unknown>>;
+    const first = models[0];
+
+    expect(typeof first.maxTokens).toBe("number");
+    expect(first.maxTokens).toBe(8192);
+    expect(typeof first.contextWindow).toBe("number");
+    expect(typeof first.cost).toBe("object");
+    expect(typeof (first.cost as Record<string, unknown>).input).toBe("number");
+  });
+});
+
+describe("coerceFormValues", () => {
+  it("coerces string numbers to numbers based on schema", () => {
+    const form = {
+      models: {
+        providers: {
+          xai: {
+            baseUrl: "https://api.x.ai/v1",
+            models: [
+              {
+                id: "grok-4",
+                name: "Grok 4",
+                contextWindow: "131072",
+                maxTokens: "8192",
+                cost: { input: "0.5", output: "1.0", cacheRead: "0.1", cacheWrite: "0.2" },
+              },
+            ],
+          },
+        },
+      },
+    };
+
+    const coerced = coerceFormValues(form, topLevelSchema) as Record<string, unknown>;
+    const model = (
+      ((coerced.models as Record<string, unknown>).providers as Record<string, unknown>)
+        .xai as Record<string, unknown>
+    ).models as Array<Record<string, unknown>>;
+    const first = model[0];
+
+    expect(typeof first.maxTokens).toBe("number");
+    expect(first.maxTokens).toBe(8192);
+    expect(typeof first.contextWindow).toBe("number");
+    expect(first.contextWindow).toBe(131072);
+    expect(typeof first.cost).toBe("object");
+    const cost = first.cost as Record<string, number>;
+    expect(typeof cost.input).toBe("number");
+    expect(cost.input).toBe(0.5);
+    expect(typeof cost.output).toBe("number");
+    expect(cost.output).toBe(1);
+    expect(typeof cost.cacheRead).toBe("number");
+    expect(cost.cacheRead).toBe(0.1);
+    expect(typeof cost.cacheWrite).toBe("number");
+    expect(cost.cacheWrite).toBe(0.2);
+  });
+
+  it("preserves already-correct numeric values", () => {
+    const form = makeConfigWithProvider();
+    const coerced = coerceFormValues(form, topLevelSchema) as Record<string, unknown>;
+    const model = (
+      ((coerced.models as Record<string, unknown>).providers as Record<string, unknown>)
+        .xai as Record<string, unknown>
+    ).models as Array<Record<string, unknown>>;
+    const first = model[0];
+
+    expect(typeof first.maxTokens).toBe("number");
+    expect(first.maxTokens).toBe(8192);
+  });
+
+  it("does not coerce non-numeric strings to numbers", () => {
+    const form = {
+      models: {
+        providers: {
+          xai: {
+            baseUrl: "https://api.x.ai/v1",
+            models: [
+              {
+                id: "grok-4",
+                name: "Grok 4",
+                maxTokens: "not-a-number",
+              },
+            ],
+          },
+        },
+      },
+    };
+
+    const coerced = coerceFormValues(form, topLevelSchema) as Record<string, unknown>;
+    const model = (
+      ((coerced.models as Record<string, unknown>).providers as Record<string, unknown>)
+        .xai as Record<string, unknown>
+    ).models as Array<Record<string, unknown>>;
+    const first = model[0];
+
+    expect(first.maxTokens).toBe("not-a-number");
+  });
+
+  it("coerces string booleans to booleans based on schema", () => {
+    const form = {
+      models: {
+        providers: {
+          xai: {
+            baseUrl: "https://api.x.ai/v1",
+            models: [
+              {
+                id: "grok-4",
+                name: "Grok 4",
+                reasoning: "true",
+              },
+            ],
+          },
+        },
+      },
+    };
+
+    const coerced = coerceFormValues(form, topLevelSchema) as Record<string, unknown>;
+    const model = (
+      ((coerced.models as Record<string, unknown>).providers as Record<string, unknown>)
+        .xai as Record<string, unknown>
+    ).models as Array<Record<string, unknown>>;
+    expect(model[0].reasoning).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it("handles empty string for number fields as undefined", () => {
+    const form = {
+      models: {
+        providers: {
+          xai: {
+            baseUrl: "https://api.x.ai/v1",
+            models: [
+              {
+                id: "grok-4",
+                name: "Grok 4",
+                maxTokens: "",
+              },
+            ],
+          },
+        },
+      },
+    };
+
+    const coerced = coerceFormValues(form, topLevelSchema) as Record<string, unknown>;
+    const model = (
+      ((coerced.models as Record<string, unknown>).providers as Record<string, unknown>)
+        .xai as Record<string, unknown>
+    ).models as Array<Record<string, unknown>>;
+    expect(model[0].maxTokens).toBeUndefined();
+  });
+
+  it("passes through null and undefined values untouched", () => {
+    expect(coerceFormValues(null, topLevelSchema)).toBeNull();
+    expect(coerceFormValues(undefined, topLevelSchema)).toBeUndefined();
+  });
+
+  it("handles anyOf schemas with number variant", () => {
+    const schema: JsonSchema = {
+      type: "object",
+      properties: {
+        timeout: {
+          anyOf: [{ type: "number" }, { type: "string" }],
+        },
+      },
+    };
+    const form = { timeout: "30" };
+    const coerced = coerceFormValues(form, schema) as Record<string, unknown>;
+    expect(typeof coerced.timeout).toBe("number");
+    expect(coerced.timeout).toBe(30);
+  });
+
+  it("handles integer schema type", () => {
+    const schema: JsonSchema = {
+      type: "object",
+      properties: {
+        count: { type: "integer" },
+      },
+    };
+    const form = { count: "42" };
+    const coerced = coerceFormValues(form, schema) as Record<string, unknown>;
+    expect(typeof coerced.count).toBe("number");
+    expect(coerced.count).toBe(42);
+  });
+
+  it("rejects non-integer string for integer schema type", () => {
+    const schema: JsonSchema = {
+      type: "object",
+      properties: {
+        count: { type: "integer" },
+      },
+    };
+    const form = { count: "1.5" };
+    const coerced = coerceFormValues(form, schema) as Record<string, unknown>;
+    expect(coerced.count).toBe("1.5");
+  });
+
+  it("does not coerce non-finite numeric strings", () => {
+    const schema: JsonSchema = {
+      type: "object",
+      properties: {
+        timeout: { type: "number" },
+      },
+    };
+    const form = { timeout: "Infinity" };
+    const coerced = coerceFormValues(form, schema) as Record<string, unknown>;
+    expect(coerced.timeout).toBe("Infinity");
+  });
+
+  it("supports allOf schema composition", () => {
+    const schema: JsonSchema = {
+      allOf: [
+        {
+          type: "object",
+          properties: {
+            port: { type: "number" },
+          },
+        },
+        {
+          type: "object",
+          properties: {
+            enabled: { type: "boolean" },
+          },
+        },
+      ],
+    };
+    const form = { port: "8080", enabled: "true" };
+    const coerced = coerceFormValues(form, schema) as Record<string, unknown>;
+    expect(coerced.port).toBe(8080);
+    expect(coerced.enabled).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it("recurses into object inside anyOf (nullable pattern)", () => {
+    const schema: JsonSchema = {
+      type: "object",
+      properties: {
+        settings: {
+          anyOf: [
+            {
+              type: "object",
+              properties: {
+                port: { type: "number" },
+                enabled: { type: "boolean" },
+              },
+            },
+            { type: "null" },
+          ],
+        },
+      },
+    };
+    const form = { settings: { port: "8080", enabled: "true" } };
+    const coerced = coerceFormValues(form, schema) as Record<string, unknown>;
+    const settings = coerced.settings as Record<string, unknown>;
+    expect(typeof settings.port).toBe("number");
+    expect(settings.port).toBe(8080);
+    expect(settings.enabled).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it("recurses into array inside anyOf", () => {
+    const schema: JsonSchema = {
+      type: "object",
+      properties: {
+        items: {
+          anyOf: [
+            {
+              type: "array",
+              items: { type: "object", properties: { count: { type: "number" } } },
+            },
+            { type: "null" },
+          ],
+        },
+      },
+    };
+    const form = { items: [{ count: "5" }] };
+    const coerced = coerceFormValues(form, schema) as Record<string, unknown>;
+    const items = coerced.items as Array<Record<string, unknown>>;
+    expect(typeof items[0].count).toBe("number");
+    expect(items[0].count).toBe(5);
+  });
+
+  it("handles tuple array schemas by index", () => {
+    const schema: JsonSchema = {
+      type: "object",
+      properties: {
+        pair: {
+          type: "array",
+          items: [{ type: "string" }, { type: "number" }],
+        },
+      },
+    };
+    const form = { pair: ["hello", "42"] };
+    const coerced = coerceFormValues(form, schema) as Record<string, unknown>;
+    const pair = coerced.pair as unknown[];
+    expect(pair[0]).toBe("hello");
+    expect(typeof pair[1]).toBe("number");
+    expect(pair[1]).toBe(42);
+  });
+
+  it("preserves tuple indexes when a value is cleared", () => {
+    const schema: JsonSchema = {
+      type: "object",
+      properties: {
+        tuple: {
+          type: "array",
+          items: [{ type: "string" }, { type: "number" }, { type: "string" }],
+        },
+      },
+    };
+    const form = { tuple: ["left", "", "right"] };
+    const coerced = coerceFormValues(form, schema) as Record<string, unknown>;
+    const tuple = coerced.tuple as unknown[];
+    expect(tuple).toHaveLength(3);
+    expect(tuple[0]).toBe("left");
+    expect(tuple[1]).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(tuple[2]).toBe("right");
+  });
+
+  it("omits cleared number field from object output", () => {
+    const schema: JsonSchema = {
+      type: "object",
+      properties: {
+        name: { type: "string" },
+        port: { type: "number" },
+      },
+    };
+    const form = { name: "test", port: "" };
+    const coerced = coerceFormValues(form, schema) as Record<string, unknown>;
+    expect(coerced.name).toBe("test");
+    expect("port" in coerced).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it("filters undefined from array when number item is cleared", () => {
+    const schema: JsonSchema = {
+      type: "object",
+      properties: {
+        values: {
+          type: "array",
+          items: { type: "number" },
+        },
+      },
+    };
+    const form = { values: ["1", "", "3"] };
+    const coerced = coerceFormValues(form, schema) as Record<string, unknown>;
+    const values = coerced.values as number[];
+    expect(values).toEqual([1, 3]);
+  });
+
+  it("coerces boolean in anyOf union", () => {
+    const schema: JsonSchema = {
+      type: "object",
+      properties: {
+        flag: {
+          anyOf: [{ type: "boolean" }, { type: "string" }],
+        },
+      },
+    };
+    const form = { flag: "true" };
+    const coerced = coerceFormValues(form, schema) as Record<string, unknown>;
+    expect(coerced.flag).toBe(true);
+  });
+});