fix(voice-call): harden inbound policy

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ Docs: https://docs.openclaw.ai
 - Security: guard skill installer downloads with SSRF checks (block private/localhost URLs).
 - Media understanding: apply SSRF guardrails to provider fetches; allow private baseUrl overrides explicitly.
 - Tests: stub SSRF DNS pinning in web auto-reply + Gemini video coverage. (#6619) Thanks @joshp123.
+- fix(voice-call): harden inbound allowlist; reject anonymous callers; require Telnyx publicKey for allowlist; token-gate Twilio media streams; cap webhook body size (thanks @simecek)
 
 ## 2026.2.1
 

extensions/voice-call/src/allowlist.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+export function normalizePhoneNumber(input?: string): string {
+  if (!input) {
+    return "";
+  }
+  return input.replace(/\D/g, "");
+}
+
+export function isAllowlistedCaller(
+  normalizedFrom: string,
+  allowFrom: string[] | undefined,
+): boolean {
+  if (!normalizedFrom) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  return (allowFrom ?? []).some((num) => {
+    const normalizedAllow = normalizePhoneNumber(num);
+    return normalizedAllow !== "" && normalizedAllow === normalizedFrom;
+  });
+}

extensions/voice-call/src/config.test.ts

@@ -148,6 +148,34 @@ describe("validateProviderConfig", () => {
         "plugins.entries.voice-call.config.telnyx.apiKey is required (or set TELNYX_API_KEY env)",
       );
     });
+
+    it("fails validation when allowlist inbound policy lacks public key", () => {
+      const config = createBaseConfig("telnyx");
+      config.inboundPolicy = "allowlist";
+      config.telnyx = { apiKey: "KEY123", connectionId: "CONN456" };
+
+      const result = validateProviderConfig(config);
+
+      expect(result.valid).toBe(false);
+      expect(result.errors).toContain(
+        "plugins.entries.voice-call.config.telnyx.publicKey is required for inboundPolicy allowlist/pairing",
+      );
+    });
+
+    it("passes validation when allowlist inbound policy has public key", () => {
+      const config = createBaseConfig("telnyx");
+      config.inboundPolicy = "allowlist";
+      config.telnyx = {
+        apiKey: "KEY123",
+        connectionId: "CONN456",
+        publicKey: "public-key",
+      };
+
+      const result = validateProviderConfig(config);
+
+      expect(result.valid).toBe(true);
+      expect(result.errors).toEqual([]);
+    });
   });
 
   describe("plivo provider", () => {

extensions/voice-call/src/config.ts

@@ -448,6 +448,14 @@ export function validateProviderConfig(config: VoiceCallConfig): {
         "plugins.entries.voice-call.config.telnyx.connectionId is required (or set TELNYX_CONNECTION_ID env)",
       );
     }
+    if (
+      (config.inboundPolicy === "allowlist" || config.inboundPolicy === "pairing") &&
+      !config.telnyx?.publicKey
+    ) {
+      errors.push(
+        "plugins.entries.voice-call.config.telnyx.publicKey is required for inboundPolicy allowlist/pairing",
+      );
+    }
   }
 
   if (config.provider === "twilio") {

extensions/voice-call/src/manager.test.ts

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import { CallManager } from "./manager.js";
 class FakeProvider implements VoiceCallProvider {
   readonly name = "plivo" as const;
   readonly playTtsCalls: PlayTtsInput[] = [];
+  readonly hangupCalls: HangupCallInput[] = [];
 
   verifyWebhook(_ctx: WebhookContext): WebhookVerificationResult {
     return { ok: true };
@@ -29,7 +30,9 @@ class FakeProvider implements VoiceCallProvider {
   async initiateCall(_input: InitiateCallInput): Promise<InitiateCallResult> {
     return { providerCallId: "request-uuid", status: "initiated" };
   }
-  async hangupCall(_input: HangupCallInput): Promise<void> {}
+  async hangupCall(input: HangupCallInput): Promise<void> {
+    this.hangupCalls.push(input);
+  }
   async playTts(input: PlayTtsInput): Promise<void> {
     this.playTtsCalls.push(input);
   }
@@ -102,4 +105,90 @@ describe("CallManager", () => {
     expect(provider.playTtsCalls).toHaveLength(1);
     expect(provider.playTtsCalls[0]?.text).toBe("Hello there");
   });
+
+  it("rejects inbound calls with missing caller ID when allowlist enabled", () => {
+    const config = VoiceCallConfigSchema.parse({
+      enabled: true,
+      provider: "plivo",
+      fromNumber: "+15550000000",
+      inboundPolicy: "allowlist",
+      allowFrom: ["+15550001234"],
+    });
+
+    const storePath = path.join(os.tmpdir(), `openclaw-voice-call-test-${Date.now()}`);
+    const provider = new FakeProvider();
+    const manager = new CallManager(config, storePath);
+    manager.initialize(provider, "https://example.com/voice/webhook");
+
+    manager.processEvent({
+      id: "evt-allowlist-missing",
+      type: "call.initiated",
+      callId: "call-missing",
+      providerCallId: "provider-missing",
+      timestamp: Date.now(),
+      direction: "inbound",
+      to: "+15550000000",
+    });
+
+    expect(manager.getCallByProviderCallId("provider-missing")).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(provider.hangupCalls).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect(provider.hangupCalls[0]?.providerCallId).toBe("provider-missing");
+  });
+
+  it("rejects inbound calls that only match allowlist suffixes", () => {
+    const config = VoiceCallConfigSchema.parse({
+      enabled: true,
+      provider: "plivo",
+      fromNumber: "+15550000000",
+      inboundPolicy: "allowlist",
+      allowFrom: ["+15550001234"],
+    });
+
+    const storePath = path.join(os.tmpdir(), `openclaw-voice-call-test-${Date.now()}`);
+    const provider = new FakeProvider();
+    const manager = new CallManager(config, storePath);
+    manager.initialize(provider, "https://example.com/voice/webhook");
+
+    manager.processEvent({
+      id: "evt-allowlist-suffix",
+      type: "call.initiated",
+      callId: "call-suffix",
+      providerCallId: "provider-suffix",
+      timestamp: Date.now(),
+      direction: "inbound",
+      from: "+99915550001234",
+      to: "+15550000000",
+    });
+
+    expect(manager.getCallByProviderCallId("provider-suffix")).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(provider.hangupCalls).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect(provider.hangupCalls[0]?.providerCallId).toBe("provider-suffix");
+  });
+
+  it("accepts inbound calls that exactly match the allowlist", () => {
+    const config = VoiceCallConfigSchema.parse({
+      enabled: true,
+      provider: "plivo",
+      fromNumber: "+15550000000",
+      inboundPolicy: "allowlist",
+      allowFrom: ["+15550001234"],
+    });
+
+    const storePath = path.join(os.tmpdir(), `openclaw-voice-call-test-${Date.now()}`);
+    const manager = new CallManager(config, storePath);
+    manager.initialize(new FakeProvider(), "https://example.com/voice/webhook");
+
+    manager.processEvent({
+      id: "evt-allowlist-exact",
+      type: "call.initiated",
+      callId: "call-exact",
+      providerCallId: "provider-exact",
+      timestamp: Date.now(),
+      direction: "inbound",
+      from: "+15550001234",
+      to: "+15550000000",
+    });
+
+    expect(manager.getCallByProviderCallId("provider-exact")).toBeDefined();
+  });
 });

extensions/voice-call/src/manager.ts

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
 import type { CallMode, VoiceCallConfig } from "./config.js";
 import type { VoiceCallProvider } from "./providers/base.js";
+import { isAllowlistedCaller, normalizePhoneNumber } from "./allowlist.js";
 import {
   type CallId,
   type CallRecord,
@@ -474,11 +475,12 @@ export class CallManager {
 
       case "allowlist":
       case "pairing": {
-        const normalized = from?.replace(/\D/g, "") || "";
-        const allowed = (allowFrom || []).some((num) => {
-          const normalizedAllow = num.replace(/\D/g, "");
-          return normalized.endsWith(normalizedAllow) || normalizedAllow.endsWith(normalized);
-        });
+        const normalized = normalizePhoneNumber(from);
+        if (!normalized) {
+          console.log("[voice-call] Inbound call rejected: missing caller ID");
+          return false;
+        }
+        const allowed = isAllowlistedCaller(normalized, allowFrom);
         const status = allowed ? "accepted" : "rejected";
         console.log(
           `[voice-call] Inbound call ${status}: ${from} ${allowed ? "is in" : "not in"} allowlist`,
@@ -551,7 +553,7 @@ export class CallManager {
     if (!call && event.direction === "inbound" && event.providerCallId) {
       // Check if we should accept this inbound call
       if (!this.shouldAcceptInbound(event.from)) {
-        // TODO: Could hang up the call here
+        void this.rejectInboundCall(event);
         return;
       }
 
@@ -653,6 +655,25 @@ export class CallManager {
     this.persistCallRecord(call);
   }
 
+  private async rejectInboundCall(event: NormalizedEvent): Promise<void> {
+    if (!this.provider || !event.providerCallId) {
+      return;
+    }
+    const callId = event.callId || event.providerCallId;
+    try {
+      await this.provider.hangupCall({
+        callId,
+        providerCallId: event.providerCallId,
+        reason: "hangup-bot",
+      });
+    } catch (err) {
+      console.warn(
+        `[voice-call] Failed to reject inbound call ${event.providerCallId}:`,
+        err instanceof Error ? err.message : err,
+      );
+    }
+  }
+
   private maybeSpeakInitialMessageOnAnswered(call: CallRecord): void {
     const initialMessage =
       typeof call.metadata?.initialMessage === "string" ? call.metadata.initialMessage.trim() : "";

extensions/voice-call/src/manager/events.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import crypto from "node:crypto";
 import type { CallRecord, CallState, NormalizedEvent } from "../types.js";
 import type { CallManagerContext } from "./context.js";
+import { isAllowlistedCaller, normalizePhoneNumber } from "../allowlist.js";
 import { findCall } from "./lookup.js";
 import { endCall } from "./outbound.js";
 import { addTranscriptEntry, transitionState } from "./state.js";
@@ -29,11 +30,12 @@ function shouldAcceptInbound(
 
     case "allowlist":
     case "pairing": {
-      const normalized = from?.replace(/\D/g, "") || "";
-      const allowed = (allowFrom || []).some((num) => {
-        const normalizedAllow = num.replace(/\D/g, "");
-        return normalized.endsWith(normalizedAllow) || normalizedAllow.endsWith(normalized);
-      });
+      const normalized = normalizePhoneNumber(from);
+      if (!normalized) {
+        console.log("[voice-call] Inbound call rejected: missing caller ID");
+        return false;
+      }
+      const allowed = isAllowlistedCaller(normalized, allowFrom);
       const status = allowed ? "accepted" : "rejected";
       console.log(
         `[voice-call] Inbound call ${status}: ${from} ${allowed ? "is in" : "not in"} allowlist`,

extensions/voice-call/src/media-stream.ts

@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@ import type {
 export interface MediaStreamConfig {
   /** STT provider for transcription */
   sttProvider: OpenAIRealtimeSTTProvider;
+  /** Validate whether to accept a media stream for the given call ID */
+  shouldAcceptStream?: (params: { callId: string; streamSid: string; token?: string }) => boolean;
   /** Callback when transcript is received */
   onTranscript?: (callId: string, transcript: string) => void;
   /** Callback for partial transcripts (streaming UI) */
@@ -87,6 +89,7 @@ export class MediaStreamHandler {
    */
   private async handleConnection(ws: WebSocket, _request: IncomingMessage): Promise<void> {
     let session: StreamSession | null = null;
+    const streamToken = this.getStreamToken(_request);
 
     ws.on("message", async (data: Buffer) => {
       try {
@@ -98,7 +101,7 @@ export class MediaStreamHandler {
             break;
 
           case "start":
-            session = await this.handleStart(ws, message);
+            session = await this.handleStart(ws, message, streamToken);
             break;
 
           case "media":
@@ -135,11 +138,28 @@ export class MediaStreamHandler {
   /**
    * Handle stream start event.
    */
-  private async handleStart(ws: WebSocket, message: TwilioMediaMessage): Promise<StreamSession> {
+  private async handleStart(
+    ws: WebSocket,
+    message: TwilioMediaMessage,
+    streamToken?: string,
+  ): Promise<StreamSession | null> {
     const streamSid = message.streamSid || "";
     const callSid = message.start?.callSid || "";
 
     console.log(`[MediaStream] Stream started: ${streamSid} (call: ${callSid})`);
+    if (!callSid) {
+      console.warn("[MediaStream] Missing callSid; closing stream");
+      ws.close(1008, "Missing callSid");
+      return null;
+    }
+    if (
+      this.config.shouldAcceptStream &&
+      !this.config.shouldAcceptStream({ callId: callSid, streamSid, token: streamToken })
+    ) {
+      console.warn(`[MediaStream] Rejecting stream for unknown call: ${callSid}`);
+      ws.close(1008, "Unknown call");
+      return null;
+    }
 
     // Create STT session
     const sttSession = this.config.sttProvider.createSession();
@@ -189,6 +209,18 @@ export class MediaStreamHandler {
     this.config.onDisconnect?.(session.callId);
   }
 
+  private getStreamToken(request: IncomingMessage): string | undefined {
+    if (!request.url || !request.headers.host) {
+      return undefined;
+    }
+    try {
+      const url = new URL(request.url, `http://${request.headers.host}`);
+      return url.searchParams.get("token") ?? undefined;
+    } catch {
+      return undefined;
+    }
+  }
+
   /**
    * Get an active session with an open WebSocket, or undefined if unavailable.
    */

extensions/voice-call/src/providers/telnyx.ts

@@ -21,15 +21,21 @@ import type { VoiceCallProvider } from "./base.js";
  * Uses Telnyx Call Control API v2 for managing calls.
  * @see https://developers.telnyx.com/docs/api/v2/call-control
  */
+export interface TelnyxProviderOptions {
+  /** Allow unsigned webhooks when no public key is configured */
+  allowUnsignedWebhooks?: boolean;
+}
+
 export class TelnyxProvider implements VoiceCallProvider {
   readonly name = "telnyx" as const;
 
   private readonly apiKey: string;
   private readonly connectionId: string;
   private readonly publicKey: string | undefined;
+  private readonly options: TelnyxProviderOptions;
   private readonly baseUrl = "https://api.telnyx.com/v2";
 
-  constructor(config: TelnyxConfig) {
+  constructor(config: TelnyxConfig, options: TelnyxProviderOptions = {}) {
     if (!config.apiKey) {
       throw new Error("Telnyx API key is required");
     }
@@ -40,6 +46,7 @@ export class TelnyxProvider implements VoiceCallProvider {
     this.apiKey = config.apiKey;
     this.connectionId = config.connectionId;
     this.publicKey = config.publicKey;
+    this.options = options;
   }
 
   /**
@@ -76,8 +83,14 @@ export class TelnyxProvider implements VoiceCallProvider {
    */
   verifyWebhook(ctx: WebhookContext): WebhookVerificationResult {
     if (!this.publicKey) {
-      // No public key configured, skip verification (not recommended for production)
-      return { ok: true };
+      if (this.options.allowUnsignedWebhooks) {
+        console.warn("[telnyx] Webhook verification skipped (no public key configured)");
+        return { ok: true, reason: "verification skipped (no public key configured)" };
+      }
+      return {
+        ok: false,
+        reason: "Missing telnyx.publicKey (configure to verify webhooks)",
+      };
     }
 
     const signature = ctx.headers["telnyx-signature-ed25519"];

extensions/voice-call/src/providers/twilio.test.ts

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
 import type { WebhookContext } from "../types.js";
 import { TwilioProvider } from "./twilio.js";
 
-const STREAM_URL = "wss://example.ngrok.app/voice/stream";
+const STREAM_URL_PREFIX = "wss://example.ngrok.app/voice/stream?token=";
 
 function createProvider(): TwilioProvider {
   return new TwilioProvider(
@@ -24,13 +24,13 @@ function createContext(rawBody: string, query?: WebhookContext["query"]): Webhoo
 describe("TwilioProvider", () => {
   it("returns streaming TwiML for outbound conversation calls before in-progress", () => {
     const provider = createProvider();
-    const ctx = createContext("CallStatus=initiated&Direction=outbound-api", {
+    const ctx = createContext("CallStatus=initiated&Direction=outbound-api&CallSid=CA123", {
       callId: "call-1",
     });
 
     const result = provider.parseWebhookEvent(ctx);
 
-    expect(result.providerResponseBody).toContain(STREAM_URL);
+    expect(result.providerResponseBody).toContain(STREAM_URL_PREFIX);
     expect(result.providerResponseBody).toContain("<Connect>");
   });
 
@@ -50,11 +50,11 @@ describe("TwilioProvider", () => {
 
   it("returns streaming TwiML for inbound calls", () => {
     const provider = createProvider();
-    const ctx = createContext("CallStatus=ringing&Direction=inbound");
+    const ctx = createContext("CallStatus=ringing&Direction=inbound&CallSid=CA456");
 
     const result = provider.parseWebhookEvent(ctx);
 
-    expect(result.providerResponseBody).toContain(STREAM_URL);
+    expect(result.providerResponseBody).toContain(STREAM_URL_PREFIX);
     expect(result.providerResponseBody).toContain("<Connect>");
   });
 });

extensions/voice-call/src/providers/twilio.ts

@@ -60,6 +60,8 @@ export class TwilioProvider implements VoiceCallProvider {
 
   /** Map of call SID to stream SID for media streams */
   private callStreamMap = new Map<string, string>();
+  /** Per-call tokens for media stream authentication */
+  private streamAuthTokens = new Map<string, string>();
 
   /** Storage for TwiML content (for notify mode with URL-based TwiML) */
   private readonly twimlStorage = new Map<string, string>();
@@ -94,6 +96,7 @@ export class TwilioProvider implements VoiceCallProvider {
     }
 
     this.deleteStoredTwiml(callIdMatch[1]);
+    this.streamAuthTokens.delete(providerCallId);
   }
 
   constructor(config: TwilioConfig, options: TwilioProviderOptions = {}) {
@@ -138,6 +141,19 @@ export class TwilioProvider implements VoiceCallProvider {
     this.callStreamMap.delete(callSid);
   }
 
+  isValidStreamToken(callSid: string, token?: string): boolean {
+    const expected = this.streamAuthTokens.get(callSid);
+    if (!expected || !token) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    if (expected.length !== token.length) {
+      const dummy = Buffer.from(expected);
+      crypto.timingSafeEqual(dummy, dummy);
+      return false;
+    }
+    return crypto.timingSafeEqual(Buffer.from(expected), Buffer.from(token));
+  }
+
   /**
    * Clear TTS queue for a call (barge-in).
    * Used when user starts speaking to interrupt current TTS playback.
@@ -271,11 +287,13 @@ export class TwilioProvider implements VoiceCallProvider {
       case "busy":
       case "no-answer":
       case "failed":
+        this.streamAuthTokens.delete(callSid);
         if (callIdOverride) {
           this.deleteStoredTwiml(callIdOverride);
         }
         return { ...baseEvent, type: "call.ended", reason: callStatus };
       case "canceled":
+        this.streamAuthTokens.delete(callSid);
         if (callIdOverride) {
           this.deleteStoredTwiml(callIdOverride);
         }
@@ -308,6 +326,7 @@ export class TwilioProvider implements VoiceCallProvider {
     const callStatus = params.get("CallStatus");
     const direction = params.get("Direction");
     const isOutbound = direction?.startsWith("outbound") ?? false;
+    const callSid = params.get("CallSid") || undefined;
     const callIdFromQuery =
       typeof ctx.query?.callId === "string" && ctx.query.callId.trim()
         ? ctx.query.callId.trim()
@@ -330,7 +349,7 @@ export class TwilioProvider implements VoiceCallProvider {
 
       // Conversation mode: return streaming TwiML immediately for outbound calls.
       if (isOutbound) {
-        const streamUrl = this.getStreamUrl();
+        const streamUrl = callSid ? this.getStreamUrlForCall(callSid) : null;
         return streamUrl ? this.getStreamConnectXml(streamUrl) : TwilioProvider.PAUSE_TWIML;
       }
     }
@@ -343,7 +362,7 @@ export class TwilioProvider implements VoiceCallProvider {
     // Handle subsequent webhook requests (status callbacks, etc.)
     // For inbound calls, answer immediately with stream
     if (direction === "inbound") {
-      const streamUrl = this.getStreamUrl();
+      const streamUrl = callSid ? this.getStreamUrlForCall(callSid) : null;
       return streamUrl ? this.getStreamConnectXml(streamUrl) : TwilioProvider.PAUSE_TWIML;
     }
 
@@ -352,7 +371,7 @@ export class TwilioProvider implements VoiceCallProvider {
       return TwilioProvider.EMPTY_TWIML;
     }
 
-    const streamUrl = this.getStreamUrl();
+    const streamUrl = callSid ? this.getStreamUrlForCall(callSid) : null;
     return streamUrl ? this.getStreamConnectXml(streamUrl) : TwilioProvider.PAUSE_TWIML;
   }
 
@@ -380,6 +399,27 @@ export class TwilioProvider implements VoiceCallProvider {
     return `${wsOrigin}${path}`;
   }
 
+  private getStreamAuthToken(callSid: string): string {
+    const existing = this.streamAuthTokens.get(callSid);
+    if (existing) {
+      return existing;
+    }
+    const token = crypto.randomBytes(16).toString("base64url");
+    this.streamAuthTokens.set(callSid, token);
+    return token;
+  }
+
+  private getStreamUrlForCall(callSid: string): string | null {
+    const baseUrl = this.getStreamUrl();
+    if (!baseUrl) {
+      return null;
+    }
+    const token = this.getStreamAuthToken(callSid);
+    const url = new URL(baseUrl);
+    url.searchParams.set("token", token);
+    return url.toString();
+  }
+
   /**
    * Generate TwiML to connect a call to a WebSocket media stream.
    * This enables bidirectional audio streaming for real-time STT/TTS.
@@ -444,6 +484,7 @@ export class TwilioProvider implements VoiceCallProvider {
     this.deleteStoredTwimlForProviderCall(input.providerCallId);
 
     this.callWebhookUrls.delete(input.providerCallId);
+    this.streamAuthTokens.delete(input.providerCallId);
 
     await this.apiRequest(
       `/Calls/${input.providerCallId}.json`,

extensions/voice-call/src/runtime.ts

@@ -48,11 +48,17 @@ function resolveProvider(config: VoiceCallConfig): VoiceCallProvider {
 
   switch (config.provider) {
     case "telnyx":
-      return new TelnyxProvider({
-        apiKey: config.telnyx?.apiKey,
-        connectionId: config.telnyx?.connectionId,
-        publicKey: config.telnyx?.publicKey,
-      });
+      return new TelnyxProvider(
+        {
+          apiKey: config.telnyx?.apiKey,
+          connectionId: config.telnyx?.connectionId,
+          publicKey: config.telnyx?.publicKey,
+        },
+        {
+          allowUnsignedWebhooks:
+            config.inboundPolicy === "open" || config.inboundPolicy === "disabled",
+        },
+      );
     case "twilio":
       return new TwilioProvider(
         {

extensions/voice-call/src/webhook.ts

@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@ import type { NormalizedEvent, WebhookContext } from "./types.js";
 import { MediaStreamHandler } from "./media-stream.js";
 import { OpenAIRealtimeSTTProvider } from "./providers/stt-openai-realtime.js";
 
+const MAX_WEBHOOK_BODY_BYTES = 1024 * 1024;
+
 /**
  * HTTP server for receiving voice call webhooks from providers.
  * Supports WebSocket upgrades for media streams when streaming is enabled.
@@ -69,6 +71,20 @@ export class VoiceCallWebhookServer {
 
     const streamConfig: MediaStreamConfig = {
       sttProvider,
+      shouldAcceptStream: ({ callId, token }) => {
+        const call = this.manager.getCallByProviderCallId(callId);
+        if (!call) {
+          return false;
+        }
+        if (this.provider.name === "twilio") {
+          const twilio = this.provider as TwilioProvider;
+          if (!twilio.isValidStreamToken(callId, token)) {
+            console.warn(`[voice-call] Rejecting media stream: invalid token for ${callId}`);
+            return false;
+          }
+        }
+        return true;
+      },
       onTranscript: (providerCallId, transcript) => {
         console.log(`[voice-call] Transcript for ${providerCallId}: ${transcript}`);
 
@@ -224,7 +240,17 @@ export class VoiceCallWebhookServer {
     }
 
     // Read body
-    const body = await this.readBody(req);
+    let body = "";
+    try {
+      body = await this.readBody(req, MAX_WEBHOOK_BODY_BYTES);
+    } catch (err) {
+      if (err instanceof Error && err.message === "PayloadTooLarge") {
+        res.statusCode = 413;
+        res.end("Payload Too Large");
+        return;
+      }
+      throw err;
+    }
 
     // Build webhook context
     const ctx: WebhookContext = {
@@ -272,10 +298,19 @@ export class VoiceCallWebhookServer {
   /**
    * Read request body as string.
    */
-  private readBody(req: http.IncomingMessage): Promise<string> {
+  private readBody(req: http.IncomingMessage, maxBytes: number): Promise<string> {
     return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
       const chunks: Buffer[] = [];
-      req.on("data", (chunk) => chunks.push(chunk));
+      let totalBytes = 0;
+      req.on("data", (chunk: Buffer) => {
+        totalBytes += chunk.length;
+        if (totalBytes > maxBytes) {
+          req.destroy();
+          reject(new Error("PayloadTooLarge"));
+          return;
+        }
+        chunks.push(chunk);
+      });
       req.on("end", () => resolve(Buffer.concat(chunks).toString("utf-8")));
       req.on("error", reject);
     });