dani's suggestion

.changelog/big-mules-cook.md

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+---
+---
+
+Added site-level meta description for SEO.

.changelog/bold-frogs-run.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-transaction-pool: patch
+---
+
+Renamed and documented validation methods for clarity. `validate_one_no_state` and `validate_one_against_state` are now public methods `validate_stateless` and `validate_stateful` with improved documentation explaining their respective validation phases.

.changelog/brave-dogs-fly.md

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+---
+reth-engine-primitives: patch
+reth-engine-tree: patch
+reth-node-core: patch
+reth-trie-parallel: minor
+---
+
+Removed legacy proof calculation system and V2-specific configuration flags.
+
+Removed the legacy (non-V2) proof calculation code paths, simplified multiproof task architecture by removing the dual-mode system, and cleaned up V2-specific CLI flags (`--engine.disable-proof-v2`, `--engine.disable-trie-cache`) that are no longer needed. The codebase now exclusively uses V2 proofs with the sparse trie cache.

.changelog/calm-clams-buzz.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-trie-sparse: patch
+---
+
+Refactored sparse trie node state tracking to use RLP nodes instead of hashes. Replaced `Option<B256>` hash fields with `SparseNodeState` enum that tracks either dirty nodes or cached RLP nodes with optional database storage flags. Added debug assertions to validate leaf path lengths and improved pruning logic to use node paths directly instead of path-hash tuples.

.changelog/config.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+# Changelogs configuration for reth
+# https://github.com/wevm/changelogs
+
+# How to bump packages that depend on changed packages
+dependent_bump = "patch"
+
+[changelog]
+# Generate per-crate changelogs (vs single root changelog)
+format = "per-crate"
+
+# Fixed groups: all always share the same version
+# reth binaries share version
+[[fixed]]
+members = ["reth"]
+
+# Packages to ignore (internal/test-only crates)
+ignore = [
+    "reth-testing-utils",
+    "reth-bench",
+]

.changelog/cool-owls-rest.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-trie-sparse: patch
+---
+
+Fixed a bug in `merge_subtrie_updates` where source insertions did not cancel destination removals (and vice versa), causing inconsistent trie updates accumulated across multiple `root()` calls without intermediate `take_updates()`. Added a test covering the cross-cancellation behavior.

.changelog/cool-suns-rest.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-transaction-pool: minor
+---
+
+Added support for optional custom stateless and stateful validation hooks in `EthTransactionValidator` via `set_additional_stateless_validation` and `set_additional_stateful_validation` methods. Also implemented a manual `Debug` impl to handle the non-`Debug` function pointer fields.

.changelog/cute-bears-paint.md

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+---
+reth: minor
+reth-cli-commands: minor
+reth-e2e-test-utils: minor
+reth-ethereum-cli: minor
+reth-node-core: minor
+reth-optimism-bin: minor
+reth-optimism-cli: minor
+reth-prune: patch
+reth-stages: patch
+reth-storage-api: minor
+reth-storage-db-api: minor
+reth-storage-db-common: patch
+reth-storage-provider: patch
+---
+
+Introduced `--storage.v2` flag to control storage mode defaults, replacing the `edge` feature flag with `rocksdb` feature. The new flag enables v2 storage settings (static files + RocksDB routing) while individual `--static-files.*` and `--rocksdb.*` flags can still override defaults. Updated feature gates from `edge` to `rocksdb` across all affected crates.

.changelog/dark-ants-write.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-tasks: patch
+---
+
+Added panic handler to all rayon thread pools that logs panics via `tracing::error` instead of aborting the process.

.changelog/dry-ants-bow.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth: patch
+---
+
+Removed Windows platform support from the codebase, including the Windows cross-compilation Dockerfile, build targets in Cross.toml and Makefile, and Windows-specific options in the bug report template.

.changelog/dry-ducks-write.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-network: minor
+---
+
+Added reason label to backed_off_peers metric. The metric now tracks backed off peers by reason (too_many_peers, graceful_close, connection_error) to improve observability.

.changelog/dry-koalas-wink.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-network-types: patch
+---
+
+Increased default maximum concurrent outbound dials from 15 to 30.

.changelog/dry-lakes-sleep.md

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+---
+reth-trie-common: minor
+reth-trie: minor
+---
+
+Added `contains_range` method to `PrefixSet` for checking if any key falls within a half-open range. Added prefix set support to `ProofCalculator` via `with_prefix_set`, enabling stale cached hash invalidation and branch collapse detection when keys are inserted or removed; propagated storage prefix sets through `SyncAccountValueEncoder`.

.changelog/dull-clams-pack.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-trie-sparse: patch
+---
+
+Refactored arena trie internals by adding a `BranchChildIdx::sibling()` helper, deduplicating `Index`/`NodeArena` type aliases, and replacing `is_empty()` with a `drop_root()` method. Fixed a bug where `cursor.pop()` was called before checking if the leaf was the root node, which could cause incorrect dirty-state propagation.

.changelog/dull-koalas-play.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-trie-sparse: patch
+---
+
+Added recording of `SetRoot` operation in `ParallelSparseTrie::set_root` when the `trie-debug` feature is enabled.

.changelog/dull-seals-laugh.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-trie-sparse: minor
+---
+
+Fixed a bug in `ArenaParallelSparseTrie` where subtrie updates that would completely empty a subtrie were incorrectly dispatched to parallel workers instead of being processed inline, preventing correct branch collapse detection when blinded siblings are present. Refactored the `SparseTrie` test suite to accept a `fn() -> T` factory instead of requiring `T: Default`, enabling a new `arena_parallel_sparse_trie_always_parallel` test variant that exercises all tests with parallelism thresholds set to 1. Added `test_branch_collapse_multi_empty_subtries_blinded_remaining` to cover the case where removing multiple revealed leaves empties their subtries and leaves a single blinded sibling requiring a proof.

.changelog/eager-mules-fold.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-trie-sparse-parallel: patch
+---
+
+Fixed parallel sparse trie to skip revealing disconnected leaves by checking parent branch reachability before inserting leaf nodes.

.changelog/easy-clouds-meow.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+ef-tests: patch
+---
+
+Removed reth-stateless crate and stateless validation from ef-tests.

.changelog/evil-fish-smile.md

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+---
+reth-rpc-convert: minor
+reth-storage-rpc-provider: minor
+---
+
+Replaced the separate `TryFromBlockResponse`, `TryFromReceiptResponse`, and `TryFromTransactionResponse` traits with a unified `RpcResponseConverter` trait and default `EthRpcConverter` implementation. Removed the `op-alloy-network` dependency and refactored `RpcBlockchainProvider` to store a dynamic converter instance instead of relying on per-type trait bounds.

.changelog/evil-pigs-cry.md

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+---
+reth-engine-tree: patch
+reth-trie-sparse-parallel: patch
+---
+
+Added tracing spans and debug logs to sparse trie operations for better observability during parallel state root computation.

.changelog/fair-winds-growl.md

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+---
+reth-exex: patch
+reth-exex-types: patch
+---
+
+Added configurable backfill thresholds to ExEx notifications stream and added regression tests for state provider parity between pipeline and backfill execution paths.

.changelog/fair-wolves-smile.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-payload-builder: minor
+---
+
+Added observability metrics for payload resolve latency and new payload job creation latency to the payload builder service.

.changelog/fast-fish-cry.md

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+---
+---
+
+Added WebSocket subscription integration tests for eth_subscribe.

.changelog/fast-seals-play.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-transaction-pool: minor
+---
+
+Added `consensus_ref` method to `PoolTransaction` trait for borrowing consensus transactions without cloning.

.changelog/fast-waves-smile.md

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+---
+---
+
+Improved nightly Docker build failure Slack notification with more detailed formatting and context.

.changelog/fine-horses-whisper.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-trie-sparse: patch
+---
+
+Fixed another branch collapse edge case where `check_subtrie_collapse_needs_proof` incorrectly compared removal count against total update count (including `Touched` entries), causing it to skip proof requests for blinded siblings and panic when the subtrie emptied. Added a regression test covering the removals + `Touched` + blinded sibling scenario.

.changelog/fine-koalas-shout.md

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+---
+reth-chain-state: minor
+reth-engine-primitives: minor
+reth-engine-tree: minor
+reth-node-core: minor
+reth-node-events: minor
+reth: patch
+---
+
+Added configurable slow block logging (`--engine.slow-block-threshold`) that emits a structured `warn!` log with detailed timing, state-operation counts, and cache hit-rate metrics for blocks whose total processing time exceeds the threshold. Introduced `ExecutionTimingStats`, `CacheStats`, `StateProviderStats`, and `SlowBlockInfo` types to carry execution statistics from block validation through persistence, and refactored `PersistenceResult` to carry commit duration alongside the last persisted block.

.changelog/fix-download-api-url.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-cli-commands: patch
+---
+
+Added `snapshot_api_url` field to `DownloadDefaults` so downstream projects can override the snapshot discovery API endpoint. Previously, `discover_manifest_url`, `fetch_snapshot_api_entries`, and `print_snapshot_listing` used a hardcoded `snapshots.reth.rs` URL that bypassed the `DownloadDefaults` override mechanism.

.changelog/fix-simulate-revert-code.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-rpc-eth-types: patch
+---
+
+Updated `eth_simulateV1` revert error code from `-32000` to `3` to be consistent with `eth_call`, per [execution-apis#748](https://github.com/ethereum/execution-apis/pull/748).

.changelog/gentle-moons-cry.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-engine-tree: patch
+---
+
+Reordered cache size calculations in `ExecutionCache::new` to group related operations together.

.changelog/icy-lions-slide.md

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+---
+reth: patch
+reth-cli-commands: patch
+reth-node-core: patch
+---
+
+Removed experimental ress protocol support for stateless Ethereum nodes.

.changelog/icy-tigers-buzz.md

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+---
+reth-trie-db: minor
+reth-engine-tree: minor
+---
+
+Added `PendingChangeset` and `PendingChangesetGuard` to `ChangesetCache` so concurrent readers wait for an in-progress computation instead of falling back to the expensive DB-based path. The guard automatically cancels the pending entry on drop (e.g. task panic), ensuring waiters always make progress.

.changelog/keen-geese-bake.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-engine-tree: patch
+---
+
+Added sub-phase timing histograms to the sparse trie event loop, tracking channel wait, proof coalescing, multiproof reveal, and trie update durations separately.

.changelog/kind-eagles-hum.md

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+---
+reth-primitives-traits: major
+reth-downloaders: patch
+---
+
+Removed the local `size` module from `reth-primitives-traits` and replaced it with `alloy_consensus::InMemorySize`. Simplified `SignedTransaction` to a blanket impl covering all types satisfying the required bounds, removing `is_system_tx`, `auto_impl` attributes, and explicit impls for `EthereumTxEnvelope` and OP types. Updated import paths in `reth-downloaders` accordingly.

.changelog/kind-frogs-meow.md

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+---
+reth-primitives-traits: minor
+reth-engine-local: patch
+reth-evm: patch
+reth-node-builder: patch
+reth-payload-primitives: patch
+reth-rpc-convert: patch
+reth-rpc-eth-api: patch
+reth-db-api: patch
+reth-db: patch
+---
+
+Removed the unused `Extended` type and `op` feature (including `op-alloy-consensus` dependency) from `reth-primitives-traits`. Updated all dependent crates to remove the now-unnecessary `reth-primitives-traits/op` feature flag propagation.

.changelog/lazy-lakes-shout.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-node-builder: patch
+---
+
+Removed biased select in engine service loop to allow fair scheduling of shutdown requests alongside event processing.

.changelog/lively-clams-drink.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-transaction-pool: patch
+---
+
+Fixed swapped arguments in `blob_tx_priority` function calls, correcting the parameter order to match the function signature.

.changelog/lively-clouds-bake.md

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+---
+---
+
+Improved documentation overview page with better structure and clarity.

.changelog/lively-deer-shout.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth: patch
+---
+
+Re-enabled changelog workflow to run automatically on pull requests.

.changelog/lively-foxes-play.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-node-events: patch
+---
+
+Updated consensus engine log message to be more accurate about received updates.

.changelog/merry-bees-break.md

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+---
+reth-engine-primitives: minor
+reth-engine-tree: minor
+reth-node-core: minor
+reth-trie-parallel: minor
+---
+
+Added `--engine.proof-jitter` CLI option behind the `trie-debug` feature flag. When set, each proof worker sleeps for a random duration up to the specified value before starting proof computation, useful for stress-testing timing-sensitive proof logic.

.changelog/merry-koalas-nod.md

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+---
+reth-rpc-eth-api: minor
+reth-rpc-server-types: minor
+---
+
+Added `eth_getStorageValues` RPC method for batch storage slot retrieval across multiple addresses.

.changelog/mild-foxes-bark.md

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+---
+reth-chainspec: minor
+reth-network-peers: minor
+---
+
+Removed OP stack bootnodes from default chain configurations and network peers module.

.changelog/mild-foxes-cook.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-rpc-convert: patch
+---
+
+Updated `alloy-evm` dependency to git revision `9bc2dba` and adapted `TxEnvConverter` impl to the updated `TryIntoTxEnv` trait signature that now includes a `Spec` generic parameter.

.changelog/neat-ducks-whisper.md

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+---
+reth-trie: patch
+reth-trie-sparse: patch
+---
+
+Refactored test harness for sparse trie tests by extracting `TrieTestHarness` into a shared `reth-trie` test utility, replacing duplicated inline harness code across multiple test modules. Updated `proof_v2` return type to include an optional root hash, and converted `original_root` and `storage` from public fields to accessor methods.

.changelog/nice-bears-cook.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-trie: patch
+---
+
+Removed the local `increment_and_strip_trailing_zeros` function and `PATH_ALL_ZEROS` static in `proof_v2`, replacing them with the equivalent `Nibbles::next_without_prefix` and `Nibbles::is_zeroes` builtins. Also replaced manual `.get()` calls on `state_mask`/`hash_mask` with direct field access and switched to `Nibbles::unpack_array` over the unsafe `unpack_unchecked`.

.changelog/nice-trees-drink.md

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+---
+reth-network-api: minor
+reth-network-types: minor
+reth-network: minor
+reth-node-core: minor
+reth: minor
+---
+
+Added optional ENR fork ID enforcement to filter out peers from incompatible networks during peer discovery, controlled by the `--enforce-enr-fork-id` CLI flag.

.changelog/nice-waves-bow.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-primitives: patch
+---
+
+Moved feature-referenced dependencies from dev-dependencies to optional dependencies to ensure they are available when their corresponding features are enabled.

.changelog/nice-whales-buzz.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-engine-tree: patch
+---
+
+Added idle-time pre-computation of account trie upper hashes in the sparse trie payload processor when no pending proof results are available.

.changelog/odd-birds-meow.md

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+---
+reth-engine-local: patch
+reth-node-builder: patch
+---
+
+Removed the `op` feature flag and `OpPayloadAttributes` `PayloadAttributesBuilder` implementation from `reth-engine-local`, along with the `op-alloy-rpc-types-engine` dependency. Updated `reth-node-builder` to no longer enable the removed `op` feature on `reth-engine-local`.

.changelog/odd-donkeys-chirp.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-engine-tree: patch
+---
+
+Fixed `compare_trie_updates` to return `bool` indicating whether differences were found, and updated the caller to properly use the return value instead of treating all successful comparisons as having no differences.

.changelog/odd-frogs-break.md

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+---
+reth-cli-commands: minor
+reth-node-core: minor
+reth: patch
+---
+
+Made v2 storage the default for all new databases, deprecating the `--storage.v2` flag to a hidden no-op kept for backwards compatibility. Updated CLI reference docs to remove the now-hidden flag from all command help pages.

.changelog/odd-snails-play.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-node-core: minor
+---
+
+Added `with_dev_block_time` helper method to `NodeConfig` for configuring dev miner block production interval.

.changelog/old-dogs-shake.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-transaction-pool: minor
+---
+
+Added `IntoIter: Send` bounds to `validate_transactions` and `validate_transactions_with_origin` in the `TransactionValidator` trait, avoiding unnecessary `Vec` collects. Simplified default `validate_transactions_with_origin` to delegate to `validate_transactions`.

.changelog/proud-crabs-bark.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-db-api: patch
+---
+
+Changed `StoredNibblesSubKey` encoding to use a stack-allocated `[u8; 65]` array instead of a heap-allocated `Vec<u8>`, avoiding unnecessary heap allocation.

.changelog/proud-slugs-fly.md

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+---
+reth-engine-tree: patch
+reth-trie-sparse: patch
+reth-tasks: patch
+---
+
+Offloaded deallocation of expensive proof node buffers to a persistent background thread (`Runtime::spawn_drop`) to avoid blocking state root computation or lock-holding code.

.changelog/proud-wolves-spin.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-storage-api: patch
+---
+
+Added `Arc` to `auto_impl` derive for storage-api traits to support automatic `Arc` wrapper implementations.

.changelog/quick-mice-jump.md

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+---
+reth: patch
+reth-engine-tree: patch
+reth-node-builder: patch
+reth-trie-sparse: minor
+---
+
+Added `trie-debug` feature for recording sparse trie mutations to aid in debugging state root mismatches.

.changelog/quiet-foxes-dance.md

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+---
+reth-static-file-types: patch
+reth-provider: patch
+---
+
+Move changeset offsets from segment header to external `.csoff` sidecar file for incremental writes and crash recovery.

.changelog/quiet-frogs-whisper.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-provider: patch
+---
+
+Removed unused staging types from ProviderFactoryBuilder.

.changelog/rare-tigers-nod.md

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+---
+reth-trie-sparse: patch
+reth-engine-tree: patch
+---
+
+Removed the `skip_proof_node_filtering` flag, `revealed_account_paths`/`revealed_paths` tracking, and the `filter_revealed_v2_proof_nodes` function from the sparse trie implementation. Also removed the corresponding skipped-nodes metrics, simplifying the proof node reveal path to always pass nodes directly to the sparse trie without pre-filtering.

.changelog/rare-whales-pack.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-trie-sparse: minor
+---
+
+Added a comprehensive generic `SparseTrie` test suite covering `set_root`, `reveal_nodes`, `update_leaves`, `root`, `take_updates`, `commit_updates`, `prune`, `wipe`/`clear`, `get_leaf_value`, `find_leaf`, `size_hint`, and integration lifecycle scenarios. Tests are stamped out for all concrete `SparseTrie` implementations via a macro.

.changelog/rich-lakes-bark.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-provider: patch
+---
+
+Fixed sender pruning during block reorg to skip when sender_recovery is fully pruned, preventing a fatal crash when no sender data exists in static files.

.changelog/rich-pigs-shake.md

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+---
+reth-payload-primitives: patch
+reth-engine-local: patch
+---
+
+Removed the `op` feature and `op-alloy-rpc-types-engine` dependency from `reth-payload-primitives`, along with the `ExecutionPayload` impl for `OpExecutionData`. Updated `reth-engine-local` to drop the corresponding feature flag dependency.

.changelog/safe-waves-cook.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-engine-tree: patch
+---
+
+Downgraded per-transaction prewarm span from `debug_span!` to `trace_span!` to reduce noise in debug-level logging.

.changelog/safe-waves-read.md

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+---
+reth-network-types: minor
+reth-network: minor
+reth-node-core: patch
+---
+
+Added `PersistedPeerInfo` struct to persist richer peer metadata (kind, fork ID, reputation) to disk. Updated `PeersConfig::with_basic_nodes_from_file` to support both the new `PersistedPeerInfo` format and the legacy `Vec<NodeRecord>` format with automatic conversion, and updated `write_peers_to_file` to exclude backed-off and banned peers.

.changelog/shy-tigers-dry.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth: patch
+---
+
+Added automated changelog generation infrastructure using wevm/changelogs-rs with Claude Code integration. Configured per-crate changelog format with fixed version groups for reth binaries and exclusions for internal test utilities.

.changelog/swift-owls-fly.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-trie-sparse: minor
+---
+
+Removed `SerialSparseTrie` from the workspace, consolidating on `ParallelSparseTrie` as the single sparse trie implementation in `reth-trie-sparse`.

.changelog/tall-fish-climb.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-cli-commands: minor
+---
+
+Added `reth_version` field to `SnapshotManifest` to record the Reth version that produced a snapshot. The field is optional and populated automatically during manifest generation.

.changelog/tall-stars-shout.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-network: minor
+---
+
+Added `fork_id` as a tiebreaker in peer selection when reputations are equal, preferring peers with a discovered `fork_id` as it indicates fork compatibility. Added a test to verify the tiebreaker behavior.

.changelog/tidy-ducks-bake.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-trie-sparse: patch
+---
+
+Fixed a panic in `ParallelSparseTrie::reveal_nodes` when a boundary node's upper parent is absent or non-branch (e.g. when an upper extension crosses the boundary). The code now skips gracefully instead of unwrapping. Added a regression test covering this case.

.changelog/tidy-stars-cry.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-trie-sparse: patch
+---
+
+Fixed a bug where trie nodes could appear in both `updated_nodes` and `removed_nodes` simultaneously by removing entries from `removed_nodes` when a node is inserted as updated.

.changelog/vain-bats-bark.md

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+---
+reth-trie-common: minor
+reth-trie: minor
+reth-trie-parallel: minor
+reth-engine-tree: patch
+---
+
+Moved `ProofV2Target`, `MultiProofTargetsV2`, and `ChunkedMultiProofTargetsV2` from `reth-trie-parallel::targets_v2` into a new `reth-trie-common::target_v2` module, making these types available at a lower level without pulling in the full parallel trie crate. Added a `multiproof_v2` method to `Proof` in `reth-trie` that generates a state multiproof using the V2 proof calculator with synchronous account value encoding.

.changelog/vain-birds-laugh.md

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+---
+reth-engine-tree: patch
+reth-evm-ethereum: patch
+reth-evm: patch
+reth-primitives-traits: patch
+reth-revm: patch
+reth-rpc-eth-api: patch
+reth-rpc-eth-types: patch
+reth-provider: patch
+example-custom-evm: patch
+example-precompile-cache: patch
+---
+
+Bumped revm to v35.0.0, revm-inspectors to 0.35.0, and alloy-evm to 0.29.0. Updated call sites throughout the codebase to align with the new APIs, including `ExecutionResult` field changes (`gas_used` → `gas.used()`/`gas.final_refunded()`), removal of `.without_state_clear()`, updated `EthPrecompiles::new(spec)` constructor, and updated `block_hashes.lowest()` access.

.changelog/vain-goats-cook.md

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+---
+reth-trie-sparse: minor
+reth-engine-primitives: minor
+reth-engine-tree: minor
+reth-node-core: minor
+reth-trie-common: patch
+---
+
+Added an arena-based sparse trie implementation (`ArenaParallelSparseTrie`) using `slotmap` arena allocation for node storage, enabling parallel subtrie mutation without per-node hashing overhead. Added `ConfigurableSparseTrie` enum to switch between the arena and hash-map implementations, and a `--engine.enable-arena-sparse-trie` CLI flag to opt in at runtime.

.changelog/vain-lakes-cry.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth: patch
+---
+
+Updated Alloy dependencies from 1.5.2 to 1.6.1.

.changelog/vast-waves-fold.md

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+---
+---
+
+Expanded CLI integration tests with subcommand help coverage, config TOML validation, genesis JSON validation, and send transaction round-trip test for dev mode.

.changelog/warm-donkeys-dry.md

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+---
+reth-engine-local: minor
+reth-node-builder: minor
+---
+
+Added trigger-based `MiningMode` variant that allows blocks to be built on-demand via custom streams, and exposed `with_mining_mode` method on `DebugNodeLauncherFuture` to override default mining configuration.

.changelog/warm-foxes-glow.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-network: minor
+---
+
+Added direction labels to `closed_sessions` and `pending_session_failures` metrics. Operators can now distinguish session closures and failures by direction (`active`, `incoming_pending`, `outgoing_pending` for closed sessions; `inbound`, `outbound` for pending session failures).

.changelog/warm-foxes-jump.md

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+---
+---
+
+Moved Kurtosis CI failure notifications to the hive Slack channel.

.changelog/warm-geese-build.md

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+---
+reth-rpc-api: minor
+reth-rpc-builder: patch
+reth-rpc: minor
+---
+
+Added `subscribeFinalizedChainNotifications` RPC endpoint that buffers committed chain notifications and emits them once a new finalized block is received.

.changelog/warm-pandas-cook.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-transaction-pool: patch
+---
+
+Fixed a bug where transactions from the same sender were added to the pending subpool out of nonce order. Ensured `process_updates` runs before `add_new_transaction` so that lower-nonce promotions are enqueued before the newly inserted higher-nonce transaction, preserving correct ordering for live `BestTransactions` iterators.

.changelog/warm-slugs-crawl.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-transaction-pool: minor
+---
+
+Added `TransactionValidationTaskExecutor::spawn` as a dedicated constructor that encapsulates spawning validation tasks on a runtime, and refactored `EthTransactionValidatorBuilder::build_with_tasks` to use it.

.changelog/warm-trees-grow.md

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+---
+reth-engine-primitives: patch
+reth-engine-tree: patch
+reth-node-core: patch
+---
+
+Removed `--engine.enable-arena-sparse-trie` CLI flag and made the arena-based sparse trie the default implementation. The hash-map-based `ParallelSparseTrie` variant is no longer selectable.

.changelog/young-horses-play.md

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+---
+reth-trie: major
+reth-trie-db: major
+reth-provider: minor
+---
+
+Added `MaskedTrieCursorFactory` and `MaskedTrieCursor` to handle prefix-set-based hash invalidation at the cursor layer, replacing the `DatabaseTrieWitness` trait abstraction. Removed `with_prefix_sets_mut` from `TrieWitness` and deleted `DatabaseTrieWitness` — callers should now wrap their cursor factory with `MaskedTrieCursorFactory` to apply prefix sets during witness/proof computation.

.changelog/zesty-bees-drink.md

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+---
+reth-engine-primitives: minor
+reth-engine-tree: major
+reth-node-core: minor
+reth-cli-commands: minor
+---
+
+Added persistence backpressure to the engine tree: when the canonical-minus-persisted block gap exceeds a configurable threshold (`--engine.persistence-backpressure-threshold`, default 16), the engine loop stalls on the persistence receiver instead of processing new incoming messages. Added CLI argument, cross-field validation, metrics (`backpressure_active`, `backpressure_stall_duration`), and tests.

.changelog/zesty-birds-smile.md

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+---
+reth-trie: minor
+reth-trie-parallel: minor
+---
+
+Added `root_node` and `storage_root_node` methods to proof calculators for efficient root-only calculations. These methods directly return the root node without requiring dummy targets, replacing the previous workaround of passing fake targets to proof generation.

.changelog/zesty-clouds-wave.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-trie: patch
+---
+
+Fixed a potential panic in `ProofCalculator` by clearing internal computation state (`branch_stack`, `child_stack`, `branch_path`, etc.) after errors, preventing stale state from causing `usize` underflow panics when the calculator is reused. Added a test verifying correct behavior after simulated mid-computation errors.

.dockerignore

@@ -20,6 +20,11 @@
 # include dist directory, where the reth binary is located after compilation
 !/dist
 
+# include PGO build helper used by Dockerfile.depot
+!/.github
+!/.github/scripts
+!/.github/scripts/build_pgo_bolt.sh
+
 # include licenses
 !LICENSE-*
 

.github/dependabot.yml

@@ -4,14 +4,10 @@ updates:
   directory: "/"
   schedule:
     interval: "weekly"
-  cooldown:
-    default-days: 7
 - package-ecosystem: "cargo"
   directory: "/"
   schedule:
     interval: "weekly"
-  cooldown:
-    default-days: 7
   labels:
     - "A-dependencies"
   commit-message:

.github/scripts/bench-reth-build.sh

@@ -1,21 +1,24 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env bash
 #
-# Builds reth binaries for benchmarking from local source only.
+# Builds (or fetches from cache) reth binaries for benchmarking.
 #
-# Usage: bench-reth-build.sh <baseline|feature> <source-dir> <commit>
+# Usage: bench-reth-build.sh <baseline|feature> <source-dir> <commit> [branch-sha]
 #
-#   baseline — build the baseline binary at <commit> (merge-base)
+#   baseline — build/fetch the baseline binary at <commit> (merge-base)
 #              source-dir must be checked out at <commit>
-#   feature  — build the candidate binary + reth-bench at <commit>
+#   feature  — build/fetch the candidate binary + reth-bench at <commit>
 #              source-dir must be checked out at <commit>
+#              optional branch-sha is the PR head commit for cache key
 #
 # Outputs:
 #   baseline: <source-dir>/target/profiling/reth (or reth-bb if BENCH_BIG_BLOCKS=true)
 #   feature:  <source-dir>/target/profiling/reth (or reth-bb), reth-bench installed to cargo bin
 #
+# Required: mc (MinIO client) with a configured alias
 # Optional env: BENCH_BIG_BLOCKS (true/false) — build reth-bb instead of reth
-set -euxo pipefail
+set -euo pipefail
 
+MC="mc"
 MODE="$1"
 SOURCE_DIR="$2"
 COMMIT="$3"
@@ -39,38 +42,103 @@ if [ "${BENCH_TRACY:-off}" != "off" ]; then
   EXTRA_RUSTFLAGS=" -C force-frame-pointers=yes"
 fi
 
-# Build the requested node binary with the benchmark profile.
-build_node_binary() {
-  local features_arg=""
-  local workspace_arg=""
+# Cache suffix: hash of features+rustflags so different build configs get separate cache entries
+if [ -n "$EXTRA_FEATURES" ] || [ -n "$EXTRA_RUSTFLAGS" ]; then
+  BUILD_SUFFIX="-$(echo "${EXTRA_FEATURES}${EXTRA_RUSTFLAGS}" | sha256sum | cut -c1-12)"
+else
+  BUILD_SUFFIX=""
+fi
 
-  cd "$SOURCE_DIR"
-  if [ -n "$EXTRA_FEATURES" ]; then
-    # --workspace is needed for cross-package feature syntax (tracy-client/ondemand)
-    features_arg="--features ${EXTRA_FEATURES}"
-    workspace_arg="--workspace"
+# Verify a cached reth binary was built from the expected commit.
+# `reth --version` outputs "Commit SHA: <full-sha>" on its own line.
+verify_binary() {
+  local binary="$1" expected_commit="$2"
+  local version binary_sha
+  version=$("$binary" --version 2>/dev/null) || return 1
+  binary_sha=$(echo "$version" | sed -n 's/^Commit SHA: *//p')
+  if [ -z "$binary_sha" ]; then
+    echo "Warning: could not extract commit SHA from version output"
+    return 1
   fi
-
-  # shellcheck disable=SC2086
-  RUSTFLAGS="-C target-cpu=native${EXTRA_RUSTFLAGS}" \
-    cargo build --locked --profile profiling $NODE_PKG $workspace_arg $features_arg
+  if [ "$binary_sha" = "$expected_commit" ]; then
+    return 0
+  fi
+  echo "Cache mismatch: binary built from ${binary_sha} but expected ${expected_commit}"
+  return 1
 }
 
 case "$MODE" in
   baseline|main)
-    echo "Building baseline ${NODE_BIN} (${COMMIT}) from source..."
-    build_node_binary
+    BUCKET="minio/reth-binaries/${COMMIT}${BUILD_SUFFIX}"
+    mkdir -p "${SOURCE_DIR}/target/profiling"
+
+    CACHE_VALID=false
+    if $MC stat "${BUCKET}/${NODE_BIN}" &>/dev/null; then
+      echo "Cache hit for baseline (${COMMIT}), downloading ${NODE_BIN}..."
+      $MC cp "${BUCKET}/${NODE_BIN}" "${SOURCE_DIR}/target/profiling/${NODE_BIN}"
+      chmod +x "${SOURCE_DIR}/target/profiling/${NODE_BIN}"
+      if verify_binary "${SOURCE_DIR}/target/profiling/${NODE_BIN}" "${COMMIT}"; then
+        CACHE_VALID=true
+      else
+        echo "Cached baseline binary is stale, rebuilding..."
+      fi
+    fi
+    if [ "$CACHE_VALID" = false ]; then
+      echo "Building baseline ${NODE_BIN} (${COMMIT}) from source..."
+      cd "${SOURCE_DIR}"
+      FEATURES_ARG=""
+      WORKSPACE_ARG=""
+      if [ -n "$EXTRA_FEATURES" ]; then
+        # --workspace is needed for cross-package feature syntax (tracy-client/ondemand)
+        FEATURES_ARG="--features ${EXTRA_FEATURES}"
+        WORKSPACE_ARG="--workspace"
+      fi
+      # shellcheck disable=SC2086
+      RUSTFLAGS="-C target-cpu=native${EXTRA_RUSTFLAGS}" \
+        cargo build --profile profiling $NODE_PKG $WORKSPACE_ARG $FEATURES_ARG
+      $MC cp "target/profiling/${NODE_BIN}" "${BUCKET}/${NODE_BIN}"
+    fi
     ;;
 
   feature|branch)
-    echo "Building feature ${NODE_BIN} (${COMMIT}) from source..."
-    rustup show active-toolchain || rustup default stable
-    build_node_binary
-    make -C "$SOURCE_DIR" install-reth-bench
+    BRANCH_SHA="${4:-$COMMIT}"
+    BUCKET="minio/reth-binaries/${BRANCH_SHA}${BUILD_SUFFIX}"
+
+    CACHE_VALID=false
+    if $MC stat "${BUCKET}/${NODE_BIN}" &>/dev/null && $MC stat "${BUCKET}/reth-bench" &>/dev/null; then
+      echo "Cache hit for ${BRANCH_SHA}, downloading binaries..."
+      mkdir -p "${SOURCE_DIR}/target/profiling"
+      $MC cp "${BUCKET}/${NODE_BIN}" "${SOURCE_DIR}/target/profiling/${NODE_BIN}"
+      $MC cp "${BUCKET}/reth-bench" /home/ubuntu/.cargo/bin/reth-bench
+      chmod +x "${SOURCE_DIR}/target/profiling/${NODE_BIN}" /home/ubuntu/.cargo/bin/reth-bench
+      if verify_binary "${SOURCE_DIR}/target/profiling/${NODE_BIN}" "${COMMIT}"; then
+        CACHE_VALID=true
+      else
+        echo "Cached feature binary is stale, rebuilding..."
+      fi
+    fi
+    if [ "$CACHE_VALID" = false ]; then
+      echo "Building feature ${NODE_BIN} (${COMMIT}) from source..."
+      cd "${SOURCE_DIR}"
+      rustup show active-toolchain || rustup default stable
+      if [ -n "$EXTRA_FEATURES" ]; then
+        # Can't use `make profiling` when adding features; build explicitly
+        # --workspace is needed for cross-package feature syntax (tracy-client/ondemand)
+        RUSTFLAGS="-C target-cpu=native${EXTRA_RUSTFLAGS}" \
+          cargo build --profile profiling --workspace $NODE_PKG --features "${EXTRA_FEATURES}"
+      else
+        # shellcheck disable=SC2086
+        RUSTFLAGS="-C target-cpu=native${EXTRA_RUSTFLAGS}" \
+          cargo build --profile profiling $NODE_PKG
+      fi
+      make install-reth-bench
+      $MC cp "target/profiling/${NODE_BIN}" "${BUCKET}/${NODE_BIN}"
+      $MC cp "$(which reth-bench)" "${BUCKET}/reth-bench"
+    fi
     ;;
 
   *)
-    echo "Usage: $0 <baseline|feature> <source-dir> <commit>"
+    echo "Usage: $0 <baseline|feature> <source-dir> <commit> [branch-sha]"
     exit 1
     ;;
 esac

.github/scripts/bench-reth-local.sh

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 #
 # local-reth-bench.sh — Run the reth Engine API benchmark locally.
 #
-# Replicates the CI bench.yml workflow (build, local snapshot validation, system tuning,
+# Replicates the CI bench.yml workflow (build, snapshot, system tuning,
 # interleaved B-F-F-B execution, summary, charts) without any GitHub
 # Actions glue (no PR comments, no artifact upload, no Slack).
 #
@@ -21,17 +21,15 @@
 # Requires: the reth repo at RETH_REPO (default: ~/reth)
 #
 # Dependencies (install before first run):
-#   schelk, cpupower, taskset, stdbuf, python3, curl,
-#   make, uv, jq, Rust toolchain (cargo/rustup)
-# Optional:
-#   mc for Tracy profile upload
+#   mc (MinIO client), schelk, cpupower, taskset, stdbuf, python3, curl,
+#   make, uv, pzstd, jq, Rust toolchain (cargo/rustup)
 #
 # The script delegates to the existing bench-reth-*.sh scripts in the reth
 # repo for the actual build, snapshot, and run steps.
-set -euxo pipefail
+set -euo pipefail
 
 # ── PATH ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-# Ensure cargo and user-local bins (uv) are visible
+# Ensure cargo and user-local bins (mc, uv) are visible
 export PATH="$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/.cargo/bin:$PATH"
 
 # ── Defaults ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
@@ -108,7 +106,7 @@ fi
 
 # ── Check dependencies ───────────────────────────────────────────────
 missing=()
-for cmd in schelk cpupower taskset stdbuf python3 curl make uv jq cargo; do
+for cmd in mc schelk cpupower taskset stdbuf python3 curl make uv pzstd jq cargo; do
   command -v "$cmd" &>/dev/null || missing+=("$cmd")
 done
 if [ ${#missing[@]} -gt 0 ]; then
@@ -240,14 +238,19 @@ echo "  Baseline src : $BASELINE_SRC"
 echo "  Feature src  : $FEATURE_SRC"
 echo
 
-# ── Step 3: Validate local snapshot ──────────────────────────────────
-echo "▸ Validating local snapshot..."
+# ── Step 3: Check / download snapshot ────────────────────────────────
+echo "▸ Checking snapshot..."
 cd "$RETH_REPO"
-"${SCRIPTS_DIR}/bench-reth-snapshot.sh"
-echo "  Snapshot is ready."
+SNAPSHOT_NEEDED=false
+if ! "${SCRIPTS_DIR}/bench-reth-snapshot.sh" --check; then
+  SNAPSHOT_NEEDED=true
+  echo "  Snapshot needs update."
+else
+  echo "  Snapshot is up-to-date."
+fi
 echo
 
-# ── Step 4: Build binaries in parallel ───────────────────────────────
+# ── Step 4: Build binaries (+ snapshot download) in parallel ─────────
 echo "▸ Building binaries (parallel)..."
 cd "$RETH_REPO"
 
@@ -259,11 +262,19 @@ PID_BASELINE=$!
 "${SCRIPTS_DIR}/bench-reth-build.sh" feature "$FEATURE_SRC" "$FEATURE_SHA" &
 PID_FEATURE=$!
 
+PID_SNAPSHOT=
+if [ "$SNAPSHOT_NEEDED" = "true" ]; then
+  echo "  Also downloading snapshot in parallel..."
+  "${SCRIPTS_DIR}/bench-reth-snapshot.sh" &
+  PID_SNAPSHOT=$!
+fi
+
 wait $PID_BASELINE || FAIL=1
 wait $PID_FEATURE  || FAIL=1
+[ -n "$PID_SNAPSHOT" ] && { wait $PID_SNAPSHOT || FAIL=1; }
 
 if [ $FAIL -ne 0 ]; then
-  echo "Error: one or more build tasks failed"
+  echo "Error: one or more parallel tasks failed (builds / snapshot)"
   exit 1
 fi
 echo "  Binaries built successfully."
@@ -388,9 +399,12 @@ upload_tracy() {
 # ── Step 6: Pre-flight cleanup ───────────────────────────────────────
 echo "▸ Pre-flight cleanup..."
 pkill -f bench-metrics-proxy 2>/dev/null || true
-sudo systemctl stop "${RETH_SCOPE:-reth-bench.scope}" 2>/dev/null || true
-sudo systemctl reset-failed "${RETH_SCOPE:-reth-bench.scope}" 2>/dev/null || true
-sudo schelk recover -y --kill || sudo schelk full-recover -y || true
+sudo pkill -9 reth 2>/dev/null || true
+sleep 1
+if mountpoint -q "$SCHELK_MOUNT" 2>/dev/null; then
+  sudo umount -l "$SCHELK_MOUNT" 2>/dev/null || true
+  sudo schelk recover -y 2>/dev/null || true
+fi
 echo
 
 # ── Step 7: Interleaved benchmark runs (B-F-F-B) ────────────────────

.github/scripts/bench-reth-run.sh

@@ -7,14 +7,13 @@
 #
 # Required env: SCHELK_MOUNT, BENCH_RPC_URL, BENCH_BLOCKS, BENCH_WARMUP_BLOCKS
 # Optional env: BENCH_BIG_BLOCKS (true/false), BENCH_WORK_DIR (for big blocks path)
-#               BENCH_BAL (false/true/feature/baseline; only used with big blocks)
+#               BENCH_RETH_NEW_PAYLOAD (true/false, default true)
 #               BENCH_WAIT_TIME (duration like 500ms, default empty)
 #               BENCH_BASELINE_ARGS (extra reth node args for baseline runs)
 #               BENCH_FEATURE_ARGS (extra reth node args for feature runs)
 #               BENCH_OTLP_TRACES_ENDPOINT (OTLP HTTP endpoint for traces, e.g. https://host/insert/opentelemetry/v1/traces)
 #               BENCH_OTLP_LOGS_ENDPOINT (OTLP HTTP endpoint for logs, e.g. https://host/insert/opentelemetry/v1/logs)
-#               BENCH_OTLP_DISABLED (true to skip OTLP export even if endpoints are set)
-set -euxo pipefail
+set -euo pipefail
 
 LABEL="$1"
 BINARY="$2"
@@ -27,8 +26,6 @@ DATADIR="$SCHELK_MOUNT/$DATADIR_NAME"
 mkdir -p "$OUTPUT_DIR"
 LOG="${OUTPUT_DIR}/node.log"
 
-RETH_SCOPE="${RETH_SCOPE:-reth-bench.scope}"
-
 cleanup() {
   kill "$TAIL_PID" 2>/dev/null || true
   # Stop tracy-capture first (SIGINT makes it disconnect and flush to disk)
@@ -49,7 +46,7 @@ cleanup() {
     fi
     wait "$TRACY_PID" 2>/dev/null || true
   fi
-  if sudo systemctl is-active "$RETH_SCOPE" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+  if [ -n "${RETH_PID:-}" ] && sudo kill -0 "$RETH_PID" 2>/dev/null; then
     if [ "${BENCH_SAMPLY:-false}" = "true" ]; then
       # Send SIGINT to the inner reth process by exact name (not -f which
       # would also match samply's cmdline containing "reth"). Samply will
@@ -67,37 +64,34 @@ cleanup() {
         echo "Samply still running after 120s, sending SIGTERM..."
         sudo pkill -x samply 2>/dev/null || true
       fi
+    else
+      sudo kill "$RETH_PID"
+      for i in $(seq 1 30); do
+        sudo kill -0 "$RETH_PID" 2>/dev/null || break
+        sleep 1
+      done
     fi
-    # Stop the entire systemd scope — kills all processes in the cgroup.
-    # This is reliable regardless of process reparenting or PID wrapper issues.
-    sudo systemctl stop "$RETH_SCOPE" 2>/dev/null || true
+    sudo kill -9 "$RETH_PID" 2>/dev/null || true
     sleep 1
   fi
-  sudo systemctl reset-failed "$RETH_SCOPE" 2>/dev/null || true
   # Fix ownership of reth-created files (reth runs as root)
   sudo chown -R "$(id -un):$(id -gn)" "$OUTPUT_DIR" 2>/dev/null || true
-  # Let schelk recover the mounted volume in place so dm-era can restore only
-  # the changed blocks and clean up its own state.
-  sudo schelk recover -y --kill || true
+  if mountpoint -q "$SCHELK_MOUNT"; then
+    sudo umount -l "$SCHELK_MOUNT" || true
+    sudo schelk recover -y || true
+  fi
 }
 TAIL_PID=
 TRACY_PID=
 trap cleanup EXIT
 
-# Clean up stale state from a previous cancelled run.
-# Stop any leftover reth process in the scope, then recover schelk state.
-sudo systemctl stop "$RETH_SCOPE" 2>/dev/null || true
-sudo systemctl reset-failed "$RETH_SCOPE" 2>/dev/null || true
-sudo schelk recover -y --kill || sudo schelk full-recover -y || true
+# Clean up stale schelk state from a previous cancelled run.
+# If schelk thinks it's still mounted (e.g. a cancelled run skipped cleanup),
+# recover first to reset state.
+sudo schelk recover -y -k || true
 
 # Mount
-sudo schelk mount -y || true
-if [ ! -d "$DATADIR/db" ] || [ ! -d "$DATADIR/static_files" ]; then
-  echo "::error::Failed to mount benchmark datadir at ${DATADIR}"
-  ls -la "$SCHELK_MOUNT" || true
-  ls -la "$DATADIR" || true
-  exit 1
-fi
+sudo schelk mount -y
 sync
 sudo sh -c 'echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches'
 echo "=== Cache state after drop ==="
@@ -155,13 +149,11 @@ if [ -n "${BENCH_METRICS_ADDR:-}" ]; then
 fi
 
 # OTLP traces and logs export
-if [ "${BENCH_OTLP_DISABLED:-false}" != "true" ]; then
-  if [ -n "${BENCH_OTLP_TRACES_ENDPOINT:-}" ]; then
-    RETH_ARGS+=(--tracing-otlp="${BENCH_OTLP_TRACES_ENDPOINT}" --tracing-otlp.service-name=reth-bench)
-  fi
-  if [ -n "${BENCH_OTLP_LOGS_ENDPOINT:-}" ]; then
-    RETH_ARGS+=(--logs-otlp="${BENCH_OTLP_LOGS_ENDPOINT}" --logs-otlp.filter=debug)
-  fi
+if [ -n "${BENCH_OTLP_TRACES_ENDPOINT:-}" ]; then
+  RETH_ARGS+=(--tracing-otlp="${BENCH_OTLP_TRACES_ENDPOINT}" --tracing-otlp.service-name=reth-bench)
+fi
+if [ -n "${BENCH_OTLP_LOGS_ENDPOINT:-}" ]; then
+  RETH_ARGS+=(--logs-otlp="${BENCH_OTLP_LOGS_ENDPOINT}" --logs-otlp.filter=debug)
 fi
 
 # Tracy profiling: add --log.tracy flags and set environment
@@ -188,19 +180,19 @@ echo "Memory limit: $(( MEM_LIMIT / 1024 / 1024 ))MB (95% of $(( TOTAL_MEM_KB /
 if [ "${BENCH_SAMPLY:-false}" = "true" ]; then
   RETH_ARGS+=(--log.samply)
   SAMPLY="$(which samply)"
-  sudo systemd-run --quiet --scope --collect --unit="$RETH_SCOPE" \
-    -p MemoryMax="$MEM_LIMIT" -p AllowedCPUs="$RETH_CPUS" \
+  sudo systemd-run --scope -p MemoryMax="$MEM_LIMIT" -p AllowedCPUs="$RETH_CPUS" \
     env "${SUDO_ENV[@]}" nice -n -20 \
     "$SAMPLY" record --save-only --presymbolicate --rate 10000 \
     --output "$OUTPUT_DIR/samply-profile.json.gz" \
     -- "$BINARY" "${RETH_ARGS[@]}" \
     > "$LOG" 2>&1 &
 else
-  sudo systemd-run --quiet --scope --collect --unit="$RETH_SCOPE" \
-    -p MemoryMax="$MEM_LIMIT" -p AllowedCPUs="$RETH_CPUS" \
+  sudo systemd-run --scope -p MemoryMax="$MEM_LIMIT" -p AllowedCPUs="$RETH_CPUS" \
     env "${SUDO_ENV[@]}" nice -n -20 "$BINARY" "${RETH_ARGS[@]}" \
     > "$LOG" 2>&1 &
 fi
+
+RETH_PID=$!
 stdbuf -oL tail -f "$LOG" | sed -u "s/^/[reth] /" &
 TAIL_PID=$!
 
@@ -248,7 +240,10 @@ fi
 BENCH_NICE="sudo nice -n -20 sudo -u $(id -un)"
 
 # Build optional flags
-EXTRA_BENCH_ARGS=(--reth-new-payload)
+EXTRA_BENCH_ARGS=()
+if [ "${BENCH_RETH_NEW_PAYLOAD:-true}" != "false" ]; then
+  EXTRA_BENCH_ARGS+=(--reth-new-payload --wait-for-persistence)
+fi
 if [ -n "${BENCH_WAIT_TIME:-}" ]; then
   EXTRA_BENCH_ARGS+=(--wait-time "$BENCH_WAIT_TIME")
 fi
@@ -256,47 +251,8 @@ fi
 if [ "$BIG_BLOCKS" = "true" ]; then
   # Big blocks mode: replay pre-generated payloads
   BIG_BLOCKS_DIR="${BENCH_BIG_BLOCKS_DIR:-${BENCH_WORK_DIR}/big-blocks}"
-  BENCH_BAL_MODE="${BENCH_BAL:-false}"
 
-  BB_BENCH_ARGS=(--reth-new-payload)
-  if [ -n "${BENCH_WAIT_TIME:-}" ]; then
-    BB_BENCH_ARGS+=(--wait-time "$BENCH_WAIT_TIME")
-  fi
-  case "$BENCH_BAL_MODE" in
-    false)
-      ;;
-    true)
-      BB_BENCH_ARGS+=(--bal)
-      ;;
-    baseline)
-      if [[ "$LABEL" == baseline* ]]; then
-        BB_BENCH_ARGS+=(--bal)
-      fi
-      ;;
-    feature)
-      if [[ "$LABEL" == feature* ]]; then
-        BB_BENCH_ARGS+=(--bal)
-      fi
-      ;;
-    *)
-      echo "::error::Unknown BENCH_BAL value: $BENCH_BAL_MODE"
-      exit 1
-      ;;
-  esac
-
-  # Warmup
-  WARMUP="${BENCH_WARMUP_BLOCKS:-50}"
-  if [ "$WARMUP" -gt 0 ] 2>/dev/null; then
-    echo "Running big blocks warmup (${WARMUP} payloads)..."
-    $BENCH_NICE "$RETH_BENCH" replay-payloads \
-      "${BB_BENCH_ARGS[@]}" \
-      --count "$WARMUP" \
-      --payload-dir "$BIG_BLOCKS_DIR/payloads" \
-      --engine-rpc-url http://127.0.0.1:8551 \
-      --jwt-secret "$DATADIR/jwt.hex" 2>&1 | sed -u "s/^/[bench] /"
-  fi
-
-  # Start tracy-capture after warmup so profile only covers the benchmark
+  # Start tracy-capture so profile only covers the benchmark
   if [ "${BENCH_TRACY:-off}" != "off" ]; then
     echo "Starting tracy-capture..."
     tracy-capture -f -o "$OUTPUT_DIR/tracy-profile.tracy" &
@@ -304,37 +260,31 @@ if [ "$BIG_BLOCKS" = "true" ]; then
     sleep 0.5  # give tracy-capture time to connect
   fi
 
-  # Benchmark — skip warmup payloads so they aren't measured
-  BB_SKIP=0
-  if [ "$WARMUP" -gt 0 ] 2>/dev/null; then
-    BB_SKIP="$WARMUP"
+  BB_BENCH_ARGS=(--reth-new-payload --wait-for-persistence)
+  if [ -n "${BENCH_WAIT_TIME:-}" ]; then
+    BB_BENCH_ARGS+=(--wait-time "$BENCH_WAIT_TIME")
   fi
+  # Limit number of payloads if blocks count is specified
   if [ "${BENCH_BLOCKS:-0}" -gt 0 ] 2>/dev/null; then
     BB_BENCH_ARGS+=(--count "$BENCH_BLOCKS")
   fi
 
-  echo "Running big blocks benchmark (replay-payloads, skip=${BB_SKIP})..."
+  echo "Running big blocks benchmark (replay-payloads)..."
   $BENCH_NICE "$RETH_BENCH" replay-payloads \
     "${BB_BENCH_ARGS[@]}" \
-    --skip "$BB_SKIP" \
     --payload-dir "$BIG_BLOCKS_DIR/payloads" \
     --engine-rpc-url http://127.0.0.1:8551 \
     --jwt-secret "$DATADIR/jwt.hex" \
     --output "$OUTPUT_DIR" 2>&1 | sed -u "s/^/[bench] /"
 else
   # Standard mode: warmup + new-payload-fcu
-  WARMUP="${BENCH_WARMUP_BLOCKS:-50}"
-  if [ "$WARMUP" -gt 0 ] 2>/dev/null; then
-    # Warm up the node before measuring the benchmark window.
-    $BENCH_NICE "$RETH_BENCH" new-payload-fcu \
-      --rpc-url "$BENCH_RPC_URL" \
-      --engine-rpc-url http://127.0.0.1:8551 \
-      --jwt-secret "$DATADIR/jwt.hex" \
-      --advance "$WARMUP" \
-      "${EXTRA_BENCH_ARGS[@]}" 2>&1 | sed -u "s/^/[bench] /"
-  else
-    echo "Skipping warmup (0 blocks)..."
-  fi
+  # Warmup
+  $BENCH_NICE "$RETH_BENCH" new-payload-fcu \
+    --rpc-url "$BENCH_RPC_URL" \
+    --engine-rpc-url http://127.0.0.1:8551 \
+    --jwt-secret "$DATADIR/jwt.hex" \
+    --advance "${BENCH_WARMUP_BLOCKS:-50}" \
+    "${EXTRA_BENCH_ARGS[@]}" 2>&1 | sed -u "s/^/[bench] /"
 
   # Start tracy-capture after warmup so profile only covers the benchmark
   if [ "${BENCH_TRACY:-off}" != "off" ]; then

.github/scripts/bench-reth-snapshot.sh

@@ -1,56 +1,129 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env bash
 #
-# Validates that the benchmark snapshot has already been populated into the
-# local schelk volume.
+# Downloads the latest snapshot into the schelk volume using
+# `reth download` with progress reporting to the GitHub PR comment.
+#
+# Skips the download if the manifest content hasn't changed since
+# the last successful download (checked via SHA-256 of the manifest).
 #
 # Usage: bench-reth-snapshot.sh [--check]
-#   --check   Exit 0 if the local snapshot is ready, 10 if it is missing.
+#   --check   Only check if a download is needed; exits 0 if up-to-date, 10 if not.
 #
 # Required env:
-#   SCHELK_MOUNT – schelk mount point (e.g. /reth-bench)
-# Optional env:
-#   BENCH_BIG_BLOCKS   – true when validating the big-blocks snapshot datadir
-#   BENCH_SNAPSHOT_NAME – expected snapshot label for log/error output
-set -euxo pipefail
-
-: "${SCHELK_MOUNT:?SCHELK_MOUNT must be set}"
+#   SCHELK_MOUNT       – schelk mount point (e.g. /reth-bench)
+#   BENCH_RETH_BINARY  – path to the reth binary
+#   GITHUB_TOKEN       – token for GitHub API calls (only for download)
+#   BENCH_COMMENT_ID   – PR comment ID to update (optional)
+#   BENCH_REPO         – owner/repo (e.g. paradigmxyz/reth)
+#   BENCH_JOB_URL      – link to the Actions job
+#   BENCH_ACTOR        – user who triggered the benchmark
+#   BENCH_CONFIG       – config summary line
+set -euo pipefail
 
+MC="mc"
+BUCKET="minio/reth-snapshots"
+# Allow overriding the snapshot name (e.g. for big-blocks mode where the
+# big-blocks manifest specifies which base snapshot to use).
+SNAPSHOT_NAME="${BENCH_SNAPSHOT_NAME:-reth-1-minimal-stable}"
+MANIFEST_PATH="${SNAPSHOT_NAME}/manifest.json"
 DATADIR_NAME="datadir"
+HASH_MODE_SUFFIX=""
 if [ "${BENCH_BIG_BLOCKS:-false}" = "true" ]; then
   DATADIR_NAME="datadir-big-blocks"
+  HASH_MODE_SUFFIX="-big-blocks"
 fi
 DATADIR="$SCHELK_MOUNT/$DATADIR_NAME"
+HASH_FILE="$HOME/.reth-bench-snapshot-hash${HASH_MODE_SUFFIX}"
 
-describe_snapshot() {
-  if [ -n "${BENCH_SNAPSHOT_NAME:-}" ]; then
-    printf '%s' "${BENCH_SNAPSHOT_NAME}"
-  elif [ "${BENCH_BIG_BLOCKS:-false}" = "true" ]; then
-    printf '%s' 'big-block weekly snapshot'
-  else
-    printf '%s' 'benchmark snapshot'
-  fi
+# Fetch manifest and compute content hash for reliable freshness check
+MANIFEST_CONTENT=$($MC cat "${BUCKET}/${MANIFEST_PATH}" 2>/dev/null) || {
+  echo "::error::Failed to fetch snapshot manifest from ${BUCKET}/${MANIFEST_PATH}"
+  exit 2
 }
+REMOTE_HASH=$(echo "$MANIFEST_CONTENT" | sha256sum | awk '{print $1}')
 
-snapshot_ready() {
-  [ -d "$DATADIR/db" ] && [ -d "$DATADIR/static_files" ]
-}
+LOCAL_HASH=""
+[ -f "$HASH_FILE" ] && LOCAL_HASH=$(cat "$HASH_FILE")
 
-EXPECTED_SNAPSHOT="$(describe_snapshot)"
-
-sudo schelk recover -y --kill || sudo schelk full-recover -y || true
-sudo schelk mount -y || true
-
-if snapshot_ready; then
-  echo "Found local ${EXPECTED_SNAPSHOT} at ${DATADIR}"
+if [ "$REMOTE_HASH" = "$LOCAL_HASH" ]; then
+  echo "Snapshot is up-to-date (manifest hash: ${REMOTE_HASH:0:16}…)"
   exit 0
 fi
 
-echo "::error::Missing local ${EXPECTED_SNAPSHOT} at ${DATADIR}. Benchmarks no longer download snapshots; pre-populate the local schelk data first."
-ls -la "$SCHELK_MOUNT" || true
-ls -la "$DATADIR" || true
-
+echo "Snapshot needs update (local: ${LOCAL_HASH:+${LOCAL_HASH:0:16}…}${LOCAL_HASH:-<none>}, remote: ${REMOTE_HASH:0:16}…)"
 if [ "${1:-}" = "--check" ]; then
   exit 10
 fi
 
-exit 1
+RETH="${BENCH_RETH_BINARY:?BENCH_RETH_BINARY must be set}"
+if [ ! -x "$RETH" ]; then
+  echo "::error::reth binary not found or not executable at $RETH"
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+# Resolve the MinIO HTTP endpoint from the mc alias so reth can
+# fetch archives over HTTP (the manifest's embedded base_url points
+# to the cluster-internal address which is unreachable from runners).
+MINIO_ENDPOINT=$($MC alias list minio --json 2>/dev/null | jq -r '.URL // empty') || true
+if [ -z "$MINIO_ENDPOINT" ]; then
+  echo "::error::Failed to resolve MinIO endpoint from mc alias 'minio'"
+  exit 1
+fi
+BASE_URL="${MINIO_ENDPOINT}/reth-snapshots/${SNAPSHOT_NAME}"
+
+# Rewrite manifest's base_url with the runner-reachable endpoint
+MANIFEST_TMP=$(mktemp --suffix=.json)
+trap 'rm -f -- "$MANIFEST_TMP"' EXIT
+echo "$MANIFEST_CONTENT" \
+  | jq --arg base "$BASE_URL" '.base_url = $base' > "$MANIFEST_TMP"
+
+# Prepare mount
+mountpoint -q "$SCHELK_MOUNT" && sudo schelk recover -y || true
+sudo schelk mount -y
+sudo rm -rf "$DATADIR"
+sudo mkdir -p "$DATADIR"
+# reth download runs as current user (not root), needs write access
+sudo chown -R "$(id -u):$(id -g)" "$DATADIR"
+
+update_comment() {
+  local status="$1"
+  [ -z "${BENCH_COMMENT_ID:-}" ] && return 0
+  local body
+  body="$(printf 'cc @%s\n\n🚀 Benchmark started! [View job](%s)\n\n⏳ **Status:** %s\n\n%s' \
+    "$BENCH_ACTOR" "$BENCH_JOB_URL" "$status" "$BENCH_CONFIG")"
+  curl -sf -X PATCH \
+    -H "Authorization: token ${GITHUB_TOKEN}" \
+    -H "Accept: application/vnd.github.v3+json" \
+    "https://api.github.com/repos/${BENCH_REPO}/issues/comments/${BENCH_COMMENT_ID}" \
+    -d "$(jq -nc --arg body "$body" '{body: $body}')" \
+    > /dev/null 2>&1 || true
+}
+
+update_comment "Downloading snapshot…"
+
+# Download using reth download (manifest-path with rewritten base_url)
+"$RETH" download \
+  --manifest-path "$MANIFEST_TMP" \
+  -y \
+  --minimal \
+  --datadir "$DATADIR"
+
+update_comment "Downloading snapshot… done"
+echo "Snapshot download complete"
+
+# Sanity check: verify expected directories exist
+if [ ! -d "$DATADIR/db" ] || [ ! -d "$DATADIR/static_files" ]; then
+  echo "::error::Snapshot download did not produce expected directory layout (missing db/ or static_files/)"
+  ls -la "$DATADIR" || true
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+# Promote the new snapshot to become the schelk baseline (virgin volume).
+# This copies changed blocks from scratch → virgin so that future
+# `schelk recover` calls restore to this new state.
+sync
+sudo schelk promote -y
+
+# Save manifest hash
+echo "$REMOTE_HASH" > "$HASH_FILE"
+echo "Snapshot promoted to schelk baseline (manifest hash: ${REMOTE_HASH:0:16}…)"

.github/scripts/bench-reth-summary.py

@@ -111,14 +111,6 @@ def compute_stats(combined: list[dict]) -> dict:
     wall_clock_s = sum(total_latencies_ms) / 1_000
     mean_total_lat_ms = sum(total_latencies_ms) / n
 
-    # Persistence wait mean (for main table)
-    persist_values_ms = []
-    for r in combined:
-        v = r.get("persistence_wait_us")
-        if v is not None:
-            persist_values_ms.append(v / 1_000)
-    mean_persist_ms = sum(persist_values_ms) / len(persist_values_ms) if persist_values_ms else 0.0
-
     return {
         "n": n,
         "mean_ms": mean_lat,
@@ -129,7 +121,6 @@ def compute_stats(combined: list[dict]) -> dict:
         "mean_mgas_s": mean_mgas_s,
         "wall_clock_s": wall_clock_s,
         "mean_total_lat_ms": mean_total_lat_ms,
-        "mean_persist_ms": mean_persist_ms,
     }
 
 
@@ -154,7 +145,7 @@ def compute_wait_stats(combined: list[dict], field: str) -> dict:
 
 def _paired_data(
     baseline: list[dict], feature: list[dict]
-) -> tuple[list[tuple[float, float]], list[float], list[float], list[float], list[float]]:
+) -> tuple[list[tuple[float, float]], list[float], list[float], list[float]]:
     """Match blocks and return paired latencies and per-block diffs.
 
     Returns:
@@ -162,7 +153,6 @@ def _paired_data(
         lat_diffs_ms: list of feature − baseline latency diffs in ms
         mgas_diffs: list of feature − baseline Mgas/s diffs
         total_lat_diffs_ms: list of feature − baseline total latency diffs in ms
-        persist_diffs_ms: list of feature − baseline persistence wait diffs in ms
     """
     baseline_by_block = {r["block_number"]: r for r in baseline}
     feature_by_block = {r["block_number"]: r for r in feature}
@@ -172,7 +162,6 @@ def _paired_data(
     lat_diffs_ms = []
     mgas_diffs = []
     total_lat_diffs_ms = []
-    persist_diffs_ms = []
     for bn in common_blocks:
         b = baseline_by_block[bn]
         f = feature_by_block[bn]
@@ -190,10 +179,7 @@ def _paired_data(
         total_lat_diffs_ms.append(
             f["total_latency_us"] / 1_000 - b["total_latency_us"] / 1_000
         )
-        b_persist = (b.get("persistence_wait_us") or 0) / 1_000
-        f_persist = (f.get("persistence_wait_us") or 0) / 1_000
-        persist_diffs_ms.append(f_persist - b_persist)
-    return pairs, lat_diffs_ms, mgas_diffs, total_lat_diffs_ms, persist_diffs_ms
+    return pairs, lat_diffs_ms, mgas_diffs, total_lat_diffs_ms
 
 
 def compute_paired_stats(
@@ -209,15 +195,13 @@ def compute_paired_stats(
     all_lat_diffs = []
     all_mgas_diffs = []
     all_total_lat_diffs = []
-    all_persist_diffs = []
     blocks_per_pair = []
     for baseline, feature in zip(baseline_runs, feature_runs):
-        pairs, lat_diffs, mgas_diffs, total_lat_diffs, persist_diffs = _paired_data(baseline, feature)
+        pairs, lat_diffs, mgas_diffs, total_lat_diffs = _paired_data(baseline, feature)
         all_pairs.extend(pairs)
         all_lat_diffs.extend(lat_diffs)
         all_mgas_diffs.extend(mgas_diffs)
         all_total_lat_diffs.extend(total_lat_diffs)
-        all_persist_diffs.extend(persist_diffs)
         blocks_per_pair.append(len(pairs))
 
     if not all_lat_diffs:
@@ -261,11 +245,6 @@ def compute_paired_stats(
     total_se = std_total_diff / math.sqrt(len(all_total_lat_diffs)) if all_total_lat_diffs else 0.0
     wall_clock_ci_ms = T_CRITICAL * total_se
 
-    mean_persist_diff = sum(all_persist_diffs) / len(all_persist_diffs) if all_persist_diffs else 0.0
-    std_persist_diff = stddev(all_persist_diffs, mean_persist_diff) if len(all_persist_diffs) > 1 else 0.0
-    persist_se = std_persist_diff / math.sqrt(len(all_persist_diffs)) if all_persist_diffs else 0.0
-    persist_ci_ms = T_CRITICAL * persist_se
-
     return {
         "n": n,
         "mean_diff_ms": mean_diff,
@@ -279,7 +258,6 @@ def compute_paired_stats(
         "mean_mgas_diff": mean_mgas_diff,
         "mgas_ci": mgas_ci,
         "wall_clock_ci_ms": wall_clock_ci_ms,
-        "persist_ci_ms": persist_ci_ms,
         "blocks": max(blocks_per_pair),
     }
 
@@ -312,14 +290,6 @@ def fmt_s(v: float) -> str:
     return f"{v:.2f}s"
 
 
-def display_bal_mode(bal_mode: str | None) -> str | None:
-    if not bal_mode or bal_mode == "false":
-        return None
-    if bal_mode == "both":
-        return "true"
-    return bal_mode
-
-
 def significance(pct: float, ci_pct: float, lower_is_better: bool) -> str:
     """Return significance label: 'good', 'bad', or 'neutral'."""
     significant = abs(pct) > ci_pct
@@ -358,7 +328,6 @@ def compute_changes(
         ("p99", "p99_ms", "p99_ci_ms", "p99_ms", True),
         ("mgas_s", "mean_mgas_s", "mgas_ci", "mean_mgas_s", False),
         ("wall_clock", "wall_clock_s", "wall_clock_ci_ms", "mean_total_lat_ms", True),
-        ("persist_wait", "mean_persist_ms", "persist_ci_ms", "mean_persist_ms", True),
     ]
     changes = {}
     for name, stat_key, ci_key, base_key, lower_is_better in metrics:
@@ -382,9 +351,6 @@ def generate_comparison_table(
     feature_name: str,
     feature_sha: str,
     big_blocks: bool = False,
-    warmup_blocks: str | None = None,
-    wait_time: str | None = None,
-    bal_mode: str | None = None,
 ) -> str:
     """Generate a markdown comparison table between baseline and feature."""
     n = paired["blocks"]
@@ -400,8 +366,6 @@ def generate_comparison_table(
     p90_pct = pct(run1["p90_ms"], run2["p90_ms"])
     p99_pct = pct(run1["p99_ms"], run2["p99_ms"])
 
-    persist_pct = pct(run1["mean_persist_ms"], run2["mean_persist_ms"])
-
     # Bootstrap CIs as % of baseline percentile
     p50_ci_pct = paired["p50_ci_ms"] / run1["p50_ms"] * 100.0 if run1["p50_ms"] > 0 else 0.0
     p90_ci_pct = paired["p90_ci_ms"] / run1["p90_ms"] * 100.0 if run1["p90_ms"] > 0 else 0.0
@@ -411,7 +375,6 @@ def generate_comparison_table(
     lat_ci_pct = paired["ci_ms"] / run1["mean_ms"] * 100.0 if run1["mean_ms"] > 0 else 0.0
     mgas_ci_pct = paired["mgas_ci"] / run1["mean_mgas_s"] * 100.0 if run1["mean_mgas_s"] > 0 else 0.0
     wall_ci_pct = paired["wall_clock_ci_ms"] / run1["mean_total_lat_ms"] * 100.0 if run1["mean_total_lat_ms"] > 0 else 0.0
-    persist_ci_pct = paired["persist_ci_ms"] / run1["mean_persist_ms"] * 100.0 if run1["mean_persist_ms"] > 0 else 0.0
 
     base_url = f"https://github.com/{repo}/commit"
     baseline_label = f"[`{baseline_name}`]({base_url}/{baseline_ref})"
@@ -427,18 +390,9 @@ def generate_comparison_table(
         f"| P99 | {fmt_ms(run1['p99_ms'])} | {fmt_ms(run2['p99_ms'])} | {change_str(p99_pct, p99_ci_pct, lower_is_better=True)} |",
         f"| Mgas/s | {fmt_mgas(run1['mean_mgas_s'])} | {fmt_mgas(run2['mean_mgas_s'])} | {change_str(gas_pct, mgas_ci_pct, lower_is_better=False)} |",
         f"| Wall Clock | {fmt_s(run1['wall_clock_s'])} | {fmt_s(run2['wall_clock_s'])} | {change_str(wall_pct, wall_ci_pct, lower_is_better=True)} |",
-        f"| Persist Wait | {fmt_ms(run1['mean_persist_ms'])} | {fmt_ms(run2['mean_persist_ms'])} | {change_str(persist_pct, persist_ci_pct, lower_is_better=True)} |",
         "",
+        f"*{n} {'big blocks' if big_blocks else 'blocks'}*",
     ]
-    meta_parts = [f"{n} {'big blocks' if big_blocks else 'blocks'}"]
-    if warmup_blocks:
-        meta_parts.append(f"{warmup_blocks} warmup")
-    if wait_time:
-        meta_parts.append(f"wait time: {wait_time}")
-    display_mode = display_bal_mode(bal_mode)
-    if big_blocks and display_mode:
-        meta_parts.append(f"BAL: {display_mode}")
-    lines.append(f"*{', '.join(meta_parts)}*")
     return "\n".join(lines)
 
 
@@ -518,9 +472,6 @@ def main():
     parser.add_argument("--feature-ref", "--branch-sha", "--feature-sha", default=None, help="Feature commit SHA")
     parser.add_argument("--behind-baseline", "--behind-main", type=int, default=0, help="Commits behind baseline")
     parser.add_argument("--big-blocks", action="store_true", default=False, help="Big blocks mode")
-    parser.add_argument("--warmup-blocks", default=None, help="Number of warmup blocks")
-    parser.add_argument("--wait-time", default=None, help="Wait time interval used between blocks")
-    parser.add_argument("--bal-mode", default=None, help="BAL mode (true, feature, baseline)")
     parser.add_argument("--grafana-url", default=None, help="Grafana dashboard URL for this benchmark run")
     args = parser.parse_args()
 
@@ -560,7 +511,6 @@ def main():
     baseline_name = args.baseline_name or "baseline"
     feature_name = args.feature_name or "feature"
     feature_sha = args.feature_ref or "unknown"
-    bal_mode = display_bal_mode(args.bal_mode)
 
     comparison_table = generate_comparison_table(
         baseline_stats,
@@ -572,9 +522,6 @@ def main():
         feature_name=feature_name,
         feature_sha=feature_sha,
         big_blocks=args.big_blocks,
-        warmup_blocks=args.warmup_blocks,
-        wait_time=args.wait_time,
-        bal_mode=bal_mode,
     )
     print(f"Generated comparison ({paired_stats['n']} paired blocks, "
           f"mean diff {paired_stats['mean_diff_ms']:+.3f}ms ± {paired_stats['ci_ms']:.3f}ms)")
@@ -606,9 +553,6 @@ def main():
     summary = {
         "blocks": paired_stats["blocks"],
         "big_blocks": args.big_blocks,
-        "warmup_blocks": args.warmup_blocks,
-        "wait_time": args.wait_time,
-        "bal_mode": bal_mode,
         "baseline": {
             "name": baseline_name,
             "ref": baseline_ref,

.github/scripts/bench-scheduled-refs.sh

@@ -2,20 +2,17 @@
 #
 # Resolves baseline and feature refs for scheduled benchmark runs.
 #
-# Supports three modes:
+# Supports two modes:
 #   nightly — Queries the latest successful scheduled docker.yml run via
 #             GitHub API to find the nightly Docker image commit. Compares
 #             with the last successful feature ref to detect staleness.
 #   hourly  — Compares origin/main HEAD against the last successfully
 #             benchmarked commit (falls back to HEAD~1 on first run).
 #             Checks for in-progress sibling runs to avoid overlap.
-#   release — Compares the latest GitHub release tag against the current
-#             nightly Docker build. Baseline is the release tag commit,
-#             feature is the nightly commit.
 #
 # Usage: bench-scheduled-refs.sh <force> <mode>
 #   force — "true" to run even if no new commit (bypass skip logic)
-#   mode  — "nightly", "hourly", or "release"
+#   mode  — "nightly" or "hourly"
 #
 # Outputs (via GITHUB_OUTPUT):
 #   baseline-ref    — commit SHA for baseline
@@ -24,15 +21,13 @@
 #   is-stale        — "true" if latest nightly build is >24h old (nightly only)
 #   stale-age-hours — age of the nightly build in hours (nightly only)
 #   nightly-created — ISO timestamp of the nightly build (nightly only)
-#   release-tag     — release tag name (release mode only, e.g. "v2.0.0")
 #
 # Reads:
-#   state/nightly-last-feature-ref  (nightly, from decofe/reth-bench-charts repo)
-#   state/hourly-last-feature-ref   (hourly, from decofe/reth-bench-charts repo)
-#   state/release-last-feature-ref  (release, from decofe/reth-bench-charts repo)
+#   .nightly-state/last-feature-ref  (nightly, from GH Actions cache)
+#   .hourly-state/last-feature-ref   (hourly, from GH Actions cache)
 #
-# Requires: gh (GitHub CLI), jq, date, git (hourly mode), curl, DEREK_TOKEN env
-set -euxo pipefail
+# Requires: gh (GitHub CLI), jq, date, git (hourly mode)
+set -euo pipefail
 
 FORCE="${1:-false}"
 MODE="${2:-nightly}"
@@ -47,7 +42,7 @@ if [ "$MODE" = "hourly" ]; then
 
   # --- Step 1: Resolve feature ref from git ---
   echo "::group::Resolving hourly refs from git"
-  git fetch origin main --depth=2 --quiet
+  git fetch origin main --quiet
   FEATURE_REF=$(git rev-parse origin/main)
   echo "Feature (HEAD): $FEATURE_REF"
   echo "::endgroup::"
@@ -74,15 +69,15 @@ if [ "$MODE" = "hourly" ]; then
   fi
   echo "::endgroup::"
 
-  # --- Step 3: Read last successful feature ref from charts repo ---
-  echo "::group::Reading persisted state"
+  # --- Step 3: Read last successful feature ref from cache ---
+  echo "::group::Reading cached state"
   LAST_FEATURE_REF=""
-  STATE_URL="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/decofe/reth-bench-charts/state/state/hourly-last-feature-ref"
-  if RAW=$(curl -sfL -H "Authorization: token ${DEREK_TOKEN}" "$STATE_URL"); then
-    LAST_FEATURE_REF=$(echo "$RAW" | tr -d '[:space:]')
+  STATE_FILE=".hourly-state/last-feature-ref"
+  if [ -f "$STATE_FILE" ]; then
+    LAST_FEATURE_REF=$(tr -d '[:space:]' < "$STATE_FILE")
     echo "Previous feature ref: $LAST_FEATURE_REF"
   else
-    echo "No persisted state found (first run)"
+    echo "No cached state found (first run)"
   fi
   echo "::endgroup::"
 
@@ -126,106 +121,6 @@ if [ "$MODE" = "hourly" ]; then
   exit 0
 fi
 
-# ==========================================================================
-# Release mode: compare latest GitHub release tag vs current nightly build
-# ==========================================================================
-if [ "$MODE" = "release" ]; then
-
-  # --- Step 1: Resolve feature ref from latest nightly Docker build ---
-  echo "::group::Querying latest nightly docker build"
-  RUNS_JSON=$(gh run list \
-    -R "$REPO" \
-    --workflow=docker.yml \
-    --event=schedule \
-    --status=completed \
-    --limit 5 \
-    --json headSha,createdAt,conclusion)
-
-  LATEST=$(echo "$RUNS_JSON" | jq -r '[.[] | select(.conclusion == "success")] | first // empty')
-  if [ -z "$LATEST" ]; then
-    echo "::error::No successful scheduled docker.yml run found in the last 5 runs"
-    exit 1
-  fi
-
-  FEATURE_REF=$(echo "$LATEST" | jq -r '.headSha')
-  echo "Nightly commit (feature): $FEATURE_REF"
-  echo "::endgroup::"
-
-  # --- Step 2: Resolve baseline ref from latest GitHub release ---
-  echo "::group::Resolving latest release tag"
-  RELEASE_JSON=$(gh release view --repo "$REPO" --json tagName,targetCommitish,publishedAt 2>/dev/null || echo "{}")
-  RELEASE_TAG=$(echo "$RELEASE_JSON" | jq -r '.tagName // empty')
-
-  if [ -z "$RELEASE_TAG" ]; then
-    echo "::error::No release found on $REPO"
-    exit 1
-  fi
-
-  # Resolve the tag to a commit SHA
-  BASELINE_REF=$(gh api "repos/$REPO/git/ref/tags/$RELEASE_TAG" --jq '.object.sha' 2>/dev/null || true)
-
-  # If tag points to an annotated tag object, dereference to the commit
-  if [ -n "$BASELINE_REF" ]; then
-    OBJ_TYPE=$(gh api "repos/$REPO/git/tags/$BASELINE_REF" --jq '.object.type' 2>/dev/null || echo "commit")
-    if [ "$OBJ_TYPE" = "commit" ]; then
-      BASELINE_REF=$(gh api "repos/$REPO/git/tags/$BASELINE_REF" --jq '.object.sha' 2>/dev/null || echo "$BASELINE_REF")
-    fi
-  fi
-
-  if [ -z "$BASELINE_REF" ]; then
-    echo "::error::Could not resolve release tag $RELEASE_TAG to a commit"
-    exit 1
-  fi
-
-  echo "Release tag: $RELEASE_TAG"
-  echo "Release commit (baseline): $BASELINE_REF"
-  echo "::endgroup::"
-
-  # --- Step 3: Read last successful feature ref from charts repo ---
-  echo "::group::Reading persisted state"
-  LAST_FEATURE_REF=""
-  STATE_URL="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/decofe/reth-bench-charts/state/state/release-last-feature-ref"
-  if RAW=$(curl -sfL -H "Authorization: token ${DEREK_TOKEN}" "$STATE_URL"); then
-    LAST_FEATURE_REF=$(echo "$RAW" | tr -d '[:space:]')
-    echo "Previous feature ref: $LAST_FEATURE_REF"
-  else
-    echo "No persisted state found (first run)"
-  fi
-  echo "::endgroup::"
-
-  # --- Step 4: Skip logic ---
-  echo "::group::Resolving skip logic"
-  SHOULD_SKIP="false"
-  if [ -n "$LAST_FEATURE_REF" ] && [ "$LAST_FEATURE_REF" = "$FEATURE_REF" ]; then
-    if [ "$FORCE" = "true" ] || [ "$FORCE" = "--force" ]; then
-      echo "No new nightly, but force=true — running anyway"
-    else
-      SHOULD_SKIP="true"
-      echo "No new nightly since last release regression run — will skip"
-    fi
-  else
-    echo "New nightly detected or first run"
-  fi
-
-  echo "Baseline: $BASELINE_REF ($RELEASE_TAG)"
-  echo "Feature:  $FEATURE_REF"
-  echo "Skip:     $SHOULD_SKIP"
-  echo "::endgroup::"
-
-  # --- Step 5: Write outputs ---
-  {
-    echo "baseline-ref=$BASELINE_REF"
-    echo "feature-ref=$FEATURE_REF"
-    echo "should-skip=$SHOULD_SKIP"
-    echo "is-stale=false"
-    echo "stale-age-hours=0"
-    echo "nightly-created="
-    echo "long-running=false"
-    echo "release-tag=$RELEASE_TAG"
-  } >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
-  exit 0
-fi
-
 # ==========================================================================
 # Nightly mode: query latest Docker nightly build (original logic)
 # ==========================================================================
@@ -278,15 +173,15 @@ else
 fi
 echo "::endgroup::"
 
-# --- Step 3: Read last successful feature ref from charts repo ---
-echo "::group::Reading persisted state"
+# --- Step 3: Read last successful feature ref from cache ---
+echo "::group::Reading cached state"
 LAST_FEATURE_REF=""
-STATE_URL="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/decofe/reth-bench-charts/state/state/nightly-last-feature-ref"
-if RAW=$(curl -sfL -H "Authorization: token ${DEREK_TOKEN}" "$STATE_URL"); then
-  LAST_FEATURE_REF=$(echo "$RAW" | tr -d '[:space:]')
+STATE_FILE=".nightly-state/last-feature-ref"
+if [ -f "$STATE_FILE" ]; then
+  LAST_FEATURE_REF=$(tr -d '[:space:]' < "$STATE_FILE")
   echo "Previous feature ref: $LAST_FEATURE_REF"
 else
-  echo "No persisted state found (first run)"
+  echo "No cached state found (first run)"
 fi
 echo "::endgroup::"
 

.github/scripts/bench-slack-notify.js

@@ -250,8 +250,6 @@ async function success({ core, context }) {
     }
   }
 
-  const slackMode = process.env.BENCH_SLACK || 'always';
-
   // Post to public channel if any metric shows significant improvement or regression
   const channel = process.env.SLACK_BENCH_CHANNEL;
   let postedToChannel = false;
@@ -266,14 +264,6 @@ async function success({ core, context }) {
     }
   }
 
-  // In on-win mode, only notify on improvement — skip DM fallback entirely
-  if (slackMode === 'on-win') {
-    if (!postedToChannel) {
-      core.info('on-win mode: no improvement detected, skipping all notifications');
-    }
-    return;
-  }
-
   // DM the actor only when results were not posted to the public channel
   if (!postedToChannel) {
     if (actorSlackId) {

.github/scripts/bench-upload-clickhouse.py

@@ -1,150 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
-"""Upload bench-scheduled summary.json results to ClickHouse.
-
-Reads the summary JSON produced by bench-reth-summary.py and inserts a row
-into the bench_dual_comparisons table so the PM dashboard can display results.
-
-Usage:
-    bench-upload-clickhouse.py \
-        --summary <summary.json> \
-        --workflow-name <name> \
-        --chain <chain>
-
-Environment variables:
-    CLICKHOUSE_HOST      ClickHouse host URL
-    CLICKHOUSE_USER      ClickHouse username
-    CLICKHOUSE_PASSWORD  ClickHouse password
-    CLICKHOUSE_DATABASE  ClickHouse database (default: "default")
-"""
-
-import argparse
-import json
-import os
-import sys
-import urllib.request
-import urllib.error
-
-
-def main():
-    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Upload benchmark results to ClickHouse")
-    parser.add_argument("--summary", required=True, help="Path to summary.json")
-    parser.add_argument("--workflow-name", required=True, help="Workflow name for ClickHouse")
-    parser.add_argument("--chain", default="mainnet", help="Chain name")
-    parser.add_argument("--grafana-url", default="", help="Grafana dashboard URL")
-    parser.add_argument("--github-diff-url", default="", help="GitHub diff URL")
-    parser.add_argument("--job-url", default="", help="CI job URL")
-    args = parser.parse_args()
-
-    ch_host = os.environ.get("CLICKHOUSE_HOST", "")
-    ch_user = os.environ.get("CLICKHOUSE_USER", "")
-    ch_password = os.environ.get("CLICKHOUSE_PASSWORD", "")
-    ch_database = os.environ.get("CLICKHOUSE_DATABASE", "default")
-    ch_table = "bench_dual_comparisons"
-
-    if not ch_host or not ch_user or not ch_password:
-        print("Missing ClickHouse credentials, skipping upload", file=sys.stderr)
-        sys.exit(0)
-
-    with open(args.summary) as f:
-        summary = json.load(f)
-
-    baseline = summary["baseline"]
-    feature = summary["feature"]
-    b_stats = baseline["stats"]
-    f_stats = feature["stats"]
-    changes = summary["changes"]
-    blocks = summary["blocks"]
-
-    # Extract wait time data
-    wait_times = summary.get("wait_times", {})
-    def wait_mean(field):
-        wt = wait_times.get(field, {})
-        b = wt.get("baseline", {}).get("mean_ms", 0.0)
-        f = wt.get("feature", {}).get("mean_ms", 0.0)
-        return b, f
-
-    b_persist, f_persist = wait_mean("persistence_wait_us")
-    b_exec_cache, f_exec_cache = wait_mean("execution_cache_wait_us")
-    b_sparse, f_sparse = wait_mean("sparse_trie_wait_us")
-
-    # gas_per_second: summary uses mean_mgas_s (Mgas/s), ClickHouse stores gas/s
-    b_gas_per_second = b_stats["mean_mgas_s"] * 1_000_000
-    f_gas_per_second = f_stats["mean_mgas_s"] * 1_000_000
-
-    mean_change = changes.get("mean", {}).get("pct", 0.0)
-    gas_change = changes.get("mgas_s", {}).get("pct", 0.0)
-    latency_improved = 1 if mean_change < 0 else 0
-    throughput_improved = 1 if gas_change > 0 else 0
-
-    big_blocks = "true" if summary.get("big_blocks", False) else "false"
-    warmup_blocks = summary.get("warmup_blocks", 0) or 0
-
-    def esc(s):
-        return str(s).replace("'", "\\'")
-
-    insert = f"""
-    INSERT INTO {ch_database}.{ch_table} (
-        workflow_name, chain,
-        baseline_ref, baseline_commit,
-        feature_ref, feature_commit,
-        blocks,
-        baseline_total_latency_ms, baseline_gas_per_second,
-        baseline_latency_mean_ms, baseline_latency_median_ms,
-        baseline_latency_p90_ms, baseline_latency_p99_ms,
-        feature_total_latency_ms, feature_gas_per_second,
-        feature_latency_mean_ms, feature_latency_median_ms,
-        feature_latency_p90_ms, feature_latency_p99_ms,
-        mean_latency_change_percent, gas_per_second_change_percent,
-        latency_improved, throughput_improved,
-        warmup_blocks, big_blocks,
-        grafana_benchmark_url, github_diff_url, argo_workflow_url,
-        baseline_persistence_wait_mean_ms, baseline_execution_cache_wait_mean_ms,
-        baseline_sparse_trie_wait_mean_ms,
-        feature_persistence_wait_mean_ms, feature_execution_cache_wait_mean_ms,
-        feature_sparse_trie_wait_mean_ms
-    ) VALUES (
-        '{esc(args.workflow_name)}', '{esc(args.chain)}',
-        '{esc(baseline["ref"])}', '{esc(baseline["ref"])}',
-        '{esc(feature["ref"])}', '{esc(feature["ref"])}',
-        {blocks},
-        {b_stats.get("wall_clock_s", 0) * 1000}, {b_gas_per_second},
-        {b_stats["mean_ms"]}, {b_stats["p50_ms"]},
-        {b_stats["p90_ms"]}, {b_stats["p99_ms"]},
-        {f_stats.get("wall_clock_s", 0) * 1000}, {f_gas_per_second},
-        {f_stats["mean_ms"]}, {f_stats["p50_ms"]},
-        {f_stats["p90_ms"]}, {f_stats["p99_ms"]},
-        {mean_change}, {gas_change},
-        {latency_improved}, {throughput_improved},
-        {warmup_blocks}, '{big_blocks}',
-        '{esc(args.grafana_url)}', '{esc(args.github_diff_url)}', '{esc(args.job_url)}',
-        {b_persist}, {b_exec_cache}, {b_sparse},
-        {f_persist}, {f_exec_cache}, {f_sparse}
-    );
-    """
-
-    # Build ClickHouse HTTP URL (credentials via headers, never in URL)
-    host = ch_host.rstrip("/")
-    if not host.startswith("http"):
-        host = f"https://{host}:8443"
-
-    url = f"{host}/?database={ch_database}"
-
-    req = urllib.request.Request(url, data=insert.encode("utf-8"), method="POST")
-    req.add_header("Content-Type", "text/plain")
-    req.add_header("X-ClickHouse-User", ch_user)
-    req.add_header("X-ClickHouse-Key", ch_password)
-
-    try:
-        with urllib.request.urlopen(req) as resp:
-            body = resp.read().decode("utf-8")
-            if body.strip():
-                print(f"ClickHouse response: {body}")
-        print(f"Successfully uploaded benchmark results to ClickHouse ({args.workflow_name})")
-    except urllib.error.HTTPError as e:
-        body = e.read().decode("utf-8")
-        print(f"ClickHouse upload failed ({e.code}): {body}", file=sys.stderr)
-        sys.exit(1)
-
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    main()

.github/scripts/bench-utils.js

@@ -39,25 +39,10 @@ function loadSamplyUrls(workDir) {
   return urls;
 }
 
-function balModeLabel(mode) {
-  switch (mode) {
-    case 'true':
-    case 'feature':
-    case 'baseline':
-      return mode;
-    case 'both':
-      return 'true';
-    default:
-      return '';
-  }
-}
-
 function blocksLabel(summary) {
   const parts = [];
   if (summary.big_blocks) {
     parts.push({ key: 'Big Blocks', value: summary.blocks });
-    const balMode = balModeLabel(summary.bal_mode || summary.bal || process.env.BENCH_BAL || 'false');
-    if (balMode) parts.push({ key: 'BAL', value: balMode });
   } else {
     const warmup = summary.warmup_blocks || process.env.BENCH_WARMUP_BLOCKS || '';
     if (warmup) parts.push({ key: 'Warmup', value: warmup });
@@ -65,7 +50,6 @@ function blocksLabel(summary) {
   }
   const cores = process.env.BENCH_CORES || '0';
   if (cores !== '0') parts.push({ key: 'Cores', value: cores });
-  if (summary.wait_time) parts.push({ key: 'Wait time', value: summary.wait_time });
   return parts;
 }
 
@@ -83,7 +67,6 @@ function metricRows(summary) {
     { label: 'P99',        baseline: fmtMs(b.p99_ms),        feature: fmtMs(f.p99_ms),        change: fmtChange(c.p99) },
     { label: 'Mgas/s',     baseline: fmtMgas(b.mean_mgas_s), feature: fmtMgas(f.mean_mgas_s), change: fmtChange(c.mgas_s) },
     { label: 'Wall Clock', baseline: fmtS(b.wall_clock_s),   feature: fmtS(f.wall_clock_s),   change: fmtChange(c.wall_clock) },
-    { label: 'Persist Wait', baseline: fmtMs(b.mean_persist_ms || 0), feature: fmtMs(f.mean_persist_ms || 0), change: fmtChange(c.persist_wait) },
   ];
 }
 

.github/scripts/build_pgo_bolt.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,414 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+#
+# Full PGO+BOLT optimized build for reth using real reth-bench workloads.
+#
+# Phases:
+#   1. Build PGO-instrumented reth, run reth-bench → collect PGO profiles
+#   2. Build BOLT-instrumented reth (with PGO), run reth-bench → collect BOLT profiles
+#   3. Build final PGO+BOLT optimized binary
+#
+# Required environment variables:
+#   DATADIR    - Path to reth datadir (must already contain chain data)
+#   RPC_URL    - Source RPC URL for reth-bench to fetch payloads from
+#
+# Optional environment variables:
+#   PGO_BLOCKS      - Number of blocks for PGO profiling (default: 20)
+#   BOLT_BLOCKS     - Number of blocks for BOLT profiling (default: 20)
+#   SKIP_BOLT       - Temporarily skip BOLT phases (default: false)
+#   STRIP_SYMBOLS   - Strip debug symbols from output binary (default: true)
+#   COLLECT_PGO_ONLY - Stop after producing merged.profdata (default: false)
+#   PGO_PROFDATA    - Path to pre-collected merged.profdata (optional)
+#   PROFILE         - Cargo profile (default: maxperf-symbols)
+#   FEATURES        - Cargo features (default: jemalloc,asm-keccak,min-debug-logs)
+#   TARGET          - Target triple (default: auto-detected)
+#   EXTRA_RUSTFLAGS - Additional RUSTFLAGS (e.g. -C target-cpu=x86-64-v3)
+#
+# Output:
+#   target/$PROFILE_DIR/reth  — final optimized binary
+set -euo pipefail
+
+gha_section_start() {
+    local title="$1"
+    if [ -n "${GITHUB_ACTIONS:-}" ]; then
+        echo "::group::$title"
+    else
+        echo ""
+        echo "=== $title ==="
+    fi
+}
+
+gha_section_end() {
+    if [ -n "${GITHUB_ACTIONS:-}" ]; then
+        echo "::endgroup::"
+    fi
+}
+
+cd "$(dirname "$0")/../.."
+
+# ── Configuration ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+PGO_BLOCKS="${PGO_BLOCKS:-20}"
+BOLT_BLOCKS="${BOLT_BLOCKS:-20}"
+SKIP_BOLT="${SKIP_BOLT:-false}"
+STRIP_SYMBOLS="${STRIP_SYMBOLS:-true}"
+COLLECT_PGO_ONLY="${COLLECT_PGO_ONLY:-false}"
+PROFILE="${PROFILE:-maxperf-symbols}"
+FEATURES="${FEATURES:-jemalloc,asm-keccak,min-debug-logs}"
+TARGET="${TARGET:-$(rustc -Vv | grep host | cut -d' ' -f2)}"
+BASE_RUSTFLAGS="${RUSTFLAGS:-}"
+EXTRA_RUSTFLAGS="${EXTRA_RUSTFLAGS:-}"
+COMBINED_RUSTFLAGS="$BASE_RUSTFLAGS $EXTRA_RUSTFLAGS"
+PGO_PROFDATA="${PGO_PROFDATA:-}"
+DATADIR="${DATADIR:-}"
+RPC_URL="${RPC_URL:-}"
+
+SKIP_BOLT_BOOL=false
+if [[ "${SKIP_BOLT,,}" == "true" || "$SKIP_BOLT" == "1" ]]; then
+    SKIP_BOLT_BOOL=true
+fi
+
+STRIP_SYMBOLS_BOOL=false
+if [[ "${STRIP_SYMBOLS,,}" == "true" || "$STRIP_SYMBOLS" == "1" ]]; then
+    STRIP_SYMBOLS_BOOL=true
+fi
+
+COLLECT_PGO_ONLY_BOOL=false
+if [[ "${COLLECT_PGO_ONLY,,}" == "true" || "$COLLECT_PGO_ONLY" == "1" ]]; then
+    COLLECT_PGO_ONLY_BOOL=true
+fi
+
+USE_PRECOLLECTED_PGO=false
+if [ -n "$PGO_PROFDATA" ]; then
+    if [ ! -f "$PGO_PROFDATA" ]; then
+        echo "error: PGO_PROFDATA points to a missing file: $PGO_PROFDATA"
+        exit 1
+    fi
+    USE_PRECOLLECTED_PGO=true
+fi
+
+NEEDS_BENCH_WORKLOAD=true
+if [ "$USE_PRECOLLECTED_PGO" = true ] && [ "$SKIP_BOLT_BOOL" = true ]; then
+    NEEDS_BENCH_WORKLOAD=false
+fi
+
+if [ "$NEEDS_BENCH_WORKLOAD" = true ]; then
+    : "${DATADIR:?DATADIR must be set to the reth data directory}"
+    : "${RPC_URL:?RPC_URL must be set}"
+fi
+
+if [[ "$PROFILE" == dev ]]; then
+    PROFILE_DIR=debug
+else
+    PROFILE_DIR=$PROFILE
+fi
+
+MANIFEST_PATH="bin/reth"
+
+LLVM_VERSION=$(rustc -Vv | grep -oP 'LLVM version: \K\d+')
+PGO_DIR="$PWD/target/pgo-profiles"
+BOLT_DIR="$PWD/target/bolt-profiles"
+CARGO_ARGS=(--profile "$PROFILE" --features "$FEATURES" --manifest-path "$MANIFEST_PATH/Cargo.toml" --bin "reth" --locked)
+
+# Enable debug symbols for BOLT (requires symbols to reorder code).
+# Strip them at the end.
+PROFILE_UPPER=$(echo "$PROFILE" | tr '[:lower:]-' '[:upper:]_')
+export "CARGO_PROFILE_${PROFILE_UPPER}_STRIP=debuginfo"
+
+gha_section_start "Full PGO+BOLT Build"
+echo "Binary:      reth"
+echo "Manifest:    $MANIFEST_PATH"
+echo "Target:      $TARGET"
+echo "Profile:     $PROFILE"
+echo "Features:    $FEATURES"
+echo "LLVM:        $LLVM_VERSION"
+echo "PGO blocks:  $PGO_BLOCKS"
+echo "BOLT blocks: $BOLT_BLOCKS"
+echo "Skip BOLT:   $SKIP_BOLT"
+echo "Strip symbols: $STRIP_SYMBOLS"
+echo "Collect only: $COLLECT_PGO_ONLY"
+echo "PGO profdata: ${PGO_PROFDATA:-<collect with reth-bench>}"
+echo "RUSTFLAGS:   ${BASE_RUSTFLAGS:-<unset>}"
+echo "EXTRA_RUSTFLAGS: ${EXTRA_RUSTFLAGS:-<unset>}"
+if [ "$NEEDS_BENCH_WORKLOAD" = true ]; then
+    echo "Datadir:     $DATADIR"
+    echo "RPC URL:     $RPC_URL"
+else
+    echo "Datadir:     <not required>"
+    echo "RPC URL:     <not required>"
+fi
+gha_section_end
+
+# ── Prerequisites ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+gha_section_start "Installing prerequisites"
+rustup component add llvm-tools-preview
+
+LLVM_PROFDATA=$(find "$(rustc --print sysroot)" -name llvm-profdata -type f | head -1)
+if [ -z "$LLVM_PROFDATA" ]; then
+    echo "error: llvm-profdata not found"
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+install_bolt() {
+    if command -v llvm-bolt &>/dev/null; then
+        echo "BOLT already installed"
+        return
+    fi
+    echo "Installing BOLT from apt.llvm.org..."
+    wget -qO- https://apt.llvm.org/llvm-snapshot.gpg.key | sudo tee /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/apt.llvm.org.asc >/dev/null
+    CODENAME=$(lsb_release -cs)
+    echo "deb http://apt.llvm.org/$CODENAME/ llvm-toolchain-$CODENAME-$LLVM_VERSION main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/llvm.list >/dev/null
+    sudo apt-get update -qq
+    sudo apt-get install -y -qq "bolt-$LLVM_VERSION"
+    sudo ln -sf "/usr/bin/llvm-bolt-$LLVM_VERSION" /usr/local/bin/llvm-bolt
+    sudo ln -sf "/usr/bin/merge-fdata-$LLVM_VERSION" /usr/local/bin/merge-fdata
+}
+if [ "$SKIP_BOLT_BOOL" = true ]; then
+    echo "Skipping BOLT installation (SKIP_BOLT=$SKIP_BOLT)"
+else
+    install_bolt
+fi
+gha_section_end
+
+if [ "$NEEDS_BENCH_WORKLOAD" = true ]; then
+    # Build reth-bench once (non-instrumented) — reused for both phases.
+    gha_section_start "Building reth-bench"
+    RUSTFLAGS="$COMBINED_RUSTFLAGS" \
+        cargo build --profile "$PROFILE" --features "$FEATURES" \
+        --manifest-path bin/reth-bench/Cargo.toml --bin reth-bench --locked
+    RETH_BENCH_BIN="$(find target -name reth-bench -type f -executable | head -1)"
+    echo "reth-bench: $RETH_BENCH_BIN"
+    gha_section_end
+else
+    gha_section_start "Building reth-bench"
+    echo "Skipping reth-bench build (pre-collected PGO with SKIP_BOLT=true)"
+    gha_section_end
+fi
+
+# ── Helpers ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+RETH_PID=
+cleanup() {
+    if [ -n "${RETH_PID:-}" ] && kill -0 "$RETH_PID" 2>/dev/null; then
+        echo "Stopping reth (pid $RETH_PID)..."
+        sudo kill "$RETH_PID" 2>/dev/null || true
+        for i in $(seq 1 60); do
+            sudo kill -0 "$RETH_PID" 2>/dev/null || break
+            if [ $((i % 10)) -eq 0 ]; then
+                echo "  waiting... (${i}s)"
+            fi
+            sleep 1
+        done
+        sudo kill -9 "$RETH_PID" 2>/dev/null || true
+    fi
+}
+trap cleanup EXIT
+
+# Start reth, wait for RPC, run reth-bench, then stop reth.
+# Arguments: $1 = reth binary path, $2 = number of blocks, $3 = log label
+run_bench_workload() {
+    local reth_bin="$1" blocks="$2" label="$3"
+    local http_port=8545 authrpc_port=8551
+
+    echo "--- Starting reth ($label) ---"
+    sudo "$reth_bin" node \
+        --datadir "$DATADIR" \
+        --log.file.directory "/tmp/reth-${label}-logs" \
+        --engine.accept-execution-requests-hash \
+        --http --http.port "$http_port" \
+        --authrpc.port "$authrpc_port" \
+        --disable-discovery --no-persist-peers \
+        > "/tmp/reth-${label}.log" 2>&1 &
+    RETH_PID=$!
+
+    echo "Waiting for reth RPC..."
+    for i in $(seq 1 120); do
+        if curl -sf "http://127.0.0.1:$http_port" -X POST \
+            -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
+            -d '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_blockNumber","params":[],"id":1}' \
+            > /dev/null 2>&1; then
+            echo "reth is ready after ${i}s"
+            break
+        fi
+        if [ "$i" -eq 120 ]; then
+            echo "error: reth failed to start within 120s"
+            cat "/tmp/reth-${label}.log"
+            exit 1
+        fi
+        sleep 1
+    done
+
+    echo "Running reth-bench ($blocks blocks)..."
+    "$RETH_BENCH_BIN" new-payload-fcu \
+        --rpc-url "$RPC_URL" \
+        --engine-rpc-url "http://127.0.0.1:$authrpc_port" \
+        --jwt-secret "$DATADIR/jwt.hex" \
+        --advance "$blocks" \
+        --reth-new-payload 2>&1 | sed -u "s/^/[$label] /"
+
+    echo "Stopping reth ($label)..."
+    sudo kill "$RETH_PID" 2>/dev/null || true
+    for i in $(seq 1 60); do
+        sudo kill -0 "$RETH_PID" 2>/dev/null || break
+        sleep 1
+    done
+    sudo kill -9 "$RETH_PID" 2>/dev/null || true
+    RETH_PID=
+}
+
+publish_binary() {
+    local source_bin="$1"
+    for out in "target/$TARGET/$PROFILE_DIR" "target/$PROFILE_DIR"; do
+        local destination="$out/reth"
+        mkdir -p "$out"
+        # Skip copying when source and destination resolve to the same inode.
+        if [ -e "$destination" ] && [ "$source_bin" -ef "$destination" ]; then
+            continue
+        fi
+        cp "$source_bin" "$destination"
+    done
+}
+
+if [ "$USE_PRECOLLECTED_PGO" = true ]; then
+    gha_section_start "Phase 1: Using Pre-Collected PGO Profile"
+    rm -rf "$PGO_DIR"
+    mkdir -p "$PGO_DIR"
+    cp "$PGO_PROFDATA" "$PGO_DIR/merged.profdata"
+    echo "Using pre-collected profile: $PGO_PROFDATA"
+    echo "PGO profile: $PGO_DIR/merged.profdata ($(ls -lh "$PGO_DIR/merged.profdata" | awk '{print $5}'))"
+    gha_section_end
+else
+    # ── Phase 1: PGO profile collection ───────────────────────────────────────
+    gha_section_start "Phase 1: PGO Profile Collection"
+
+    rm -rf "$PGO_DIR"
+    mkdir -p "$PGO_DIR"
+
+    echo "Building PGO-instrumented binary..."
+    RUSTFLAGS="-Cprofile-generate=$PGO_DIR -Crelocation-model=pic $COMBINED_RUSTFLAGS" \
+        cargo build "${CARGO_ARGS[@]}" --target "$TARGET"
+
+    PGO_RETH_BIN="$PWD/target/$TARGET/$PROFILE_DIR/reth"
+    echo "Instrumented binary: $PGO_RETH_BIN ($(ls -lh "$PGO_RETH_BIN" | awk '{print $5}'))"
+
+    run_bench_workload "$PGO_RETH_BIN" "$PGO_BLOCKS" "pgo"
+
+    # Fix ownership if reth ran as root.
+    sudo chown -R "$(id -un):$(id -gn)" "$PGO_DIR" 2>/dev/null || true
+
+    # Merge PGO profiles.
+    echo "Merging PGO profiles..."
+    PROFRAW_COUNT=$(find "$PGO_DIR" -name '*.profraw' | wc -l)
+    echo "Found $PROFRAW_COUNT .profraw files"
+    if [ "$PROFRAW_COUNT" -eq 0 ]; then
+        echo "error: no .profraw files — instrumented binary did not produce profiles"
+        exit 1
+    fi
+    "$LLVM_PROFDATA" merge -o "$PGO_DIR/merged.profdata" "$PGO_DIR"/*.profraw
+    echo "PGO profile: $PGO_DIR/merged.profdata ($(ls -lh "$PGO_DIR/merged.profdata" | awk '{print $5}'))"
+    gha_section_end
+fi
+
+if [ "$COLLECT_PGO_ONLY_BOOL" = true ]; then
+    gha_section_start "PGO Collection Complete"
+    echo "COLLECT_PGO_ONLY=true, skipping PGO/BOLT optimized binary build"
+    echo "Profile: $PGO_DIR/merged.profdata"
+    gha_section_end
+    exit 0
+fi
+
+if [ "$SKIP_BOLT_BOOL" = true ]; then
+    gha_section_start "BOLT Phase Skipped"
+    echo "SKIP_BOLT=$SKIP_BOLT, building PGO-only binary"
+    echo "Building PGO-optimized binary..."
+    RUSTFLAGS="-Cprofile-use=$PGO_DIR/merged.profdata $COMBINED_RUSTFLAGS" \
+        cargo build "${CARGO_ARGS[@]}" --target "$TARGET"
+
+    BUILT_BIN="$PWD/target/$TARGET/$PROFILE_DIR/reth"
+    if [ "$STRIP_SYMBOLS_BOOL" = true ]; then
+        echo "Stripping debug symbols..."
+        strip "$BUILT_BIN"
+    else
+        echo "Skipping strip (STRIP_SYMBOLS=$STRIP_SYMBOLS)"
+    fi
+    publish_binary "$BUILT_BIN"
+    gha_section_end
+else
+    # ── Phase 2: BOLT profile collection (with PGO) ──────────────────────────
+    gha_section_start "Phase 2: BOLT Profile Collection (with PGO)"
+
+    rm -rf "$BOLT_DIR"
+    mkdir -p "$BOLT_DIR"
+
+    echo "Building BOLT-instrumented binary with PGO..."
+    # --emit-relocs preserves relocation entries in the binary, required by llvm-bolt -instrument
+    RUSTFLAGS="-Cprofile-use=$PGO_DIR/merged.profdata -Clink-arg=-Wl,--emit-relocs $COMBINED_RUSTFLAGS" \
+        cargo build "${CARGO_ARGS[@]}" --target "$TARGET"
+
+    # Instrument with BOLT
+    BUILT_BIN="$PWD/target/$TARGET/$PROFILE_DIR/reth"
+    BOLT_INSTRUMENTED_BIN="$BUILT_BIN-bolt-instrumented"
+
+    echo "Instrumenting binary with BOLT..."
+    # --skip-funcs: skip compiler-generated drop_in_place functions that BOLT can't handle
+    # as split functions in relocation mode (triggered by --emit-relocs)
+    llvm-bolt "$BUILT_BIN" \
+        -instrument \
+        --instrumentation-file-append-pid \
+        --instrumentation-file="$BOLT_DIR/prof" \
+        --skip-funcs='.*drop_in_place.*' \
+        -o "$BOLT_INSTRUMENTED_BIN"
+    echo "BOLT-instrumented binary: $BOLT_INSTRUMENTED_BIN ($(ls -lh "$BOLT_INSTRUMENTED_BIN" | awk '{print $5}'))"
+
+    run_bench_workload "$BOLT_INSTRUMENTED_BIN" "$BOLT_BLOCKS" "bolt"
+
+    # Fix ownership for BOLT profiles
+    sudo chown -R "$(id -un):$(id -gn)" "$BOLT_DIR" 2>/dev/null || true
+
+    # Merge BOLT profiles
+    echo "Merging BOLT profiles..."
+    FDATA_COUNT=$(find "$BOLT_DIR" -name '*.fdata' | wc -l)
+    echo "Found $FDATA_COUNT .fdata files"
+    if [ "$FDATA_COUNT" -eq 0 ]; then
+        echo "error: no .fdata files — BOLT-instrumented binary did not produce profiles"
+        exit 1
+    fi
+    merge-fdata "$BOLT_DIR"/*.fdata > "$BOLT_DIR/merged.fdata"
+    echo "BOLT profile: $BOLT_DIR/merged.fdata ($(ls -lh "$BOLT_DIR/merged.fdata" | awk '{print $5}'))"
+    gha_section_end
+
+    # ── Phase 3: Final optimized build ───────────────────────────────────────
+    gha_section_start "Phase 3: Final PGO+BOLT Optimized Build"
+
+    echo "Building PGO-optimized binary..."
+    # --emit-relocs preserves relocation entries in the binary, required by llvm-bolt for code reordering
+    RUSTFLAGS="-Cprofile-use=$PGO_DIR/merged.profdata -Clink-arg=-Wl,--emit-relocs $COMBINED_RUSTFLAGS" \
+        cargo build "${CARGO_ARGS[@]}" --target "$TARGET"
+
+    BUILT_BIN="$PWD/target/$TARGET/$PROFILE_DIR/reth"
+    OPTIMIZED_BIN="$BUILT_BIN-bolt-optimized"
+
+    echo "Optimizing with BOLT..."
+    llvm-bolt "$BUILT_BIN" \
+        -o "$OPTIMIZED_BIN" \
+        --data "$BOLT_DIR/merged.fdata" \
+        -reorder-blocks=ext-tsp \
+        -reorder-functions=cdsort \
+        -split-functions \
+        -split-all-cold \
+        -dyno-stats \
+        -icf=1 \
+        -use-gnu-stack \
+        --skip-funcs='.*drop_in_place.*'
+
+    if [ "$STRIP_SYMBOLS_BOOL" = true ]; then
+        echo "Stripping debug symbols..."
+        strip "$OPTIMIZED_BIN"
+    else
+        echo "Skipping strip (STRIP_SYMBOLS=$STRIP_SYMBOLS)"
+    fi
+    publish_binary "$OPTIMIZED_BIN"
+    gha_section_end
+fi
+
+gha_section_start "Build Complete"
+ls -lh "target/$PROFILE_DIR/reth"
+echo "Output: target/$PROFILE_DIR/reth"
+gha_section_end