chore: bump version v1.9.4

fix: set merkle changesets distance minimum to 128 (#20200 )
fix: set minimum pruning distance to 64 blocks for trie changesets (#20108 )
2026-04-30 03:01:58 -04:00 · 2025-12-22 16:19:00 +00:00 · 2025-12-22 16:04:33 +00:00 · 2025-12-22 16:04:09 +00:00 · 2025-11-18 15:01:58 +01:00 · 2025-11-18 13:13:56 +01:00
1276 changed files with 82289 additions and 33793 deletions
--- a/.codespellrc
+++ b/.codespellrc
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-[codespell]
-skip = .git,target,./crates/storage/libmdbx-rs/mdbx-sys/libmdbx,Cargo.toml,Cargo.lock
-ignore-words-list = crate,ser,ratatui
--- a/.config/nextest.toml
+++ b/.config/nextest.toml
@@ -5,3 +5,13 @@ slow-timeout = { period = "30s", terminate-after = 4 }
 [[profile.default.overrides]]
 filter = "test(general_state_tests)"
 slow-timeout = { period = "1m", terminate-after = 10 }
+
+[[profile.default.overrides]]
+filter = "test(eest_fixtures)"
+slow-timeout = { period = "2m", terminate-after = 10 }
+
+# E2E tests using the testsuite framework from crates/e2e-test-utils
+# These tests are located in tests/e2e-testsuite/ directories across various crates
+[[profile.default.overrides]]
+filter = "binary(e2e_testsuite)"
+slow-timeout = { period = "2m", terminate-after = 3 }
--- a/.config/zepter.yaml
+++ b/.config/zepter.yaml
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ workflows:
        # Check that `A` activates the features of `B`.
        "propagate-feature",
        # These are the features to check:
-        "--features=std,op,dev,asm-keccak,jemalloc,jemalloc-prof,tracy-allocator,serde-bincode-compat,serde,test-utils,arbitrary,bench,alloy-compat",
+        "--features=std,op,dev,asm-keccak,jemalloc,jemalloc-prof,tracy-allocator,serde-bincode-compat,serde,test-utils,arbitrary,bench,alloy-compat,min-error-logs,min-warn-logs,min-info-logs,min-debug-logs,min-trace-logs,otlp,js-tracer",
        # Do not try to add a new section to `[features]` of `A` only because `B` exposes that feature. There are edge-cases where this is still needed, but we can add them manually.
        "--left-side-feature-missing=ignore",
        # Ignore the case that `A` it outside of the workspace. Otherwise it will report errors in external dependencies that we have no influence on.
--- a/.gitattributes
+++ b/.gitattributes
@@ -2,3 +2,5 @@ book/cli/**/*.md linguist-vendored
 book/cli/cli.md -linguist-vendored

 crates/storage/libmdbx-rs/mdbx-sys/libmdbx/** linguist-vendored
+
+bun.lock linguist-language=JSON-with-Comments
--- a/.github/CODEOWNERS
+++ b/.github/CODEOWNERS
@@ -1,50 +1,44 @@
 *                           @gakonst
-bin/                        @onbjerg
-crates/blockchain-tree-api/ @rakita @rkrasiuk @mattsse @Rjected
-crates/blockchain-tree/     @rakita @rkrasiuk @mattsse @Rjected
-crates/chain-state/         @fgimenez @mattsse @rkrasiuk
+crates/blockchain-tree-api/ @rakita @mattsse @Rjected
+crates/blockchain-tree/     @rakita @mattsse @Rjected
+crates/chain-state/         @fgimenez @mattsse
 crates/chainspec/           @Rjected @joshieDo @mattsse
-crates/cli/                 @onbjerg @mattsse
-crates/config/              @onbjerg
-crates/consensus/           @rkrasiuk @mattsse @Rjected
-crates/e2e-test-utils/      @mattsse @Rjected
-crates/engine               @rkrasiuk @mattsse @Rjected
-crates/engine/              @rkrasiuk @mattsse @Rjected @fgimenez
+crates/cli/                 @mattsse
+crates/consensus/           @mattsse @Rjected
+crates/e2e-test-utils/      @mattsse @Rjected @klkvr @fgimenez
+crates/engine/              @mattsse @Rjected @fgimenez @mediocregopher @yongkangc
 crates/era/                 @mattsse @RomanHodulak
 crates/errors/              @mattsse
 crates/ethereum-forks/      @mattsse @Rjected
 crates/ethereum/            @mattsse @Rjected
 crates/etl/                 @joshieDo @shekhirin
 crates/evm/                 @rakita @mattsse @Rjected
-crates/exex/                @onbjerg @shekhirin
-crates/fs-util/             @onbjerg
-crates/metrics/             @onbjerg
+crates/exex/                @shekhirin
 crates/net/                 @mattsse @Rjected
-crates/net/downloaders/     @onbjerg @rkrasiuk
-crates/node/                @mattsse @Rjected @onbjerg @klkvr
+crates/net/downloaders/     @Rjected
+crates/node/                @mattsse @Rjected @klkvr
 crates/optimism/            @mattsse @Rjected @fgimenez
 crates/payload/             @mattsse @Rjected
 crates/primitives-traits/   @Rjected @RomanHodulak @mattsse @klkvr
 crates/primitives/          @Rjected @mattsse @klkvr
 crates/prune/               @shekhirin @joshieDo
-crates/ress                 @rkrasiuk
+crates/ress                 @shekhirin @Rjected
 crates/revm/                @mattsse @rakita
 crates/rpc/                 @mattsse @Rjected @RomanHodulak
-crates/stages/              @onbjerg @rkrasiuk @shekhirin
+crates/stages/              @shekhirin @mediocregopher
 crates/static-file/         @joshieDo @shekhirin
 crates/storage/codecs/      @joshieDo
 crates/storage/db-api/      @joshieDo @rakita
-crates/storage/db-common/   @Rjected @onbjerg
+crates/storage/db-common/   @Rjected
 crates/storage/db/          @joshieDo @rakita
-crates/storage/errors/      @rakita @onbjerg
+crates/storage/errors/      @rakita
 crates/storage/libmdbx-rs/  @rakita @shekhirin
 crates/storage/nippy-jar/   @joshieDo @shekhirin
 crates/storage/provider/    @rakita @joshieDo @shekhirin
-crates/storage/storage-api/ @joshieDo @rkrasiuk
+crates/storage/storage-api/ @joshieDo
 crates/tasks/               @mattsse
 crates/tokio-util/          @fgimenez
-crates/tracing/             @onbjerg
-crates/transaction-pool/    @mattsse
-crates/trie/                @rkrasiuk @Rjected @shekhirin @mediocregopher
-etc/                        @Rjected @onbjerg @shekhirin
-.github/                    @onbjerg @gakonst @DaniPopes
+crates/transaction-pool/    @mattsse @yongkangc
+crates/trie/                @Rjected @shekhirin @mediocregopher
+etc/                        @Rjected @shekhirin
+.github/                    @gakonst @DaniPopes
--- a/.github/assets/check_wasm.sh
+++ b/.github/assets/check_wasm.sh
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ exclude_crates=(
  # The following require investigation if they can be fixed
  reth-basic-payload-builder
  reth-bench
+  reth-bench-compare
  reth-cli
  reth-cli-commands
  reth-cli-runner
@@ -40,6 +41,7 @@ exclude_crates=(
  reth-node-events
  reth-node-metrics
  reth-optimism-cli
+  reth-optimism-flashblocks
  reth-optimism-node
  reth-optimism-payload-builder
  reth-optimism-rpc
@@ -48,6 +50,8 @@ exclude_crates=(
  reth-rpc-api
  reth-rpc-api-testing-util
  reth-rpc-builder
+  reth-rpc-convert
+  reth-rpc-e2e-tests
  reth-rpc-engine-api
  reth-rpc-eth-api
  reth-rpc-eth-types
@@ -58,13 +62,14 @@ exclude_crates=(
  reth-ress-provider
  # The following are not supposed to be working
  reth # all of the crates below
-  reth-alloy-provider
+  reth-storage-rpc-provider
  reth-invalid-block-hooks # reth-provider
  reth-libmdbx # mdbx
  reth-mdbx-sys # mdbx
  reth-payload-builder # reth-metrics
  reth-provider # tokio
  reth-prune # tokio
+  reth-prune-static-files # reth-provider
  reth-stages-api # reth-provider, reth-prune
  reth-static-file # tokio
  reth-transaction-pool # c-kzg
@@ -76,6 +81,7 @@ exclude_crates=(
  reth-era-downloader # tokio
  reth-era-utils # tokio
  reth-tracing-otlp
+  reth-node-ethstats
 )

 # Array to hold the results
--- a/.github/assets/hive/build_simulators.sh
+++ b/.github/assets/hive/build_simulators.sh
@@ -11,7 +11,8 @@ go build .

 # Run each hive command in the background for each simulator and wait
 echo "Building images"
-./hive -client reth --sim "ethereum/eest" --sim.buildarg fixtures=https://github.com/ethereum/execution-spec-tests/releases/download/v4.4.0/fixtures_develop.tar.gz --sim.buildarg branch=v4.4.0 -sim.timelimit 1s || true &
+# TODO: test code has been moved from https://github.com/ethereum/execution-spec-tests to https://github.com/ethereum/execution-specs  we need to pin eels branch with `--sim.buildarg branch=<release-branch-name>` once we have the fusaka release tagged on the new repo
+./hive -client reth --sim "ethereum/eels" --sim.buildarg fixtures=https://github.com/ethereum/execution-spec-tests/releases/download/v5.3.0/fixtures_develop.tar.gz -sim.timelimit 1s || true &
 ./hive -client reth --sim "ethereum/engine" -sim.timelimit 1s || true &
 ./hive -client reth --sim "devp2p" -sim.timelimit 1s || true &
 ./hive -client reth --sim "ethereum/rpc-compat" -sim.timelimit 1s || true &
@@ -27,8 +28,8 @@ docker save hive/hiveproxy:latest -o ../hive_assets/hiveproxy.tar & saving_pids+
 docker save hive/simulators/devp2p:latest -o ../hive_assets/devp2p.tar & saving_pids+=( $! )
 docker save hive/simulators/ethereum/engine:latest -o ../hive_assets/engine.tar & saving_pids+=( $! )
 docker save hive/simulators/ethereum/rpc-compat:latest -o ../hive_assets/rpc_compat.tar & saving_pids+=( $! )
-docker save hive/simulators/ethereum/eest/consume-engine:latest -o ../hive_assets/eest_engine.tar & saving_pids+=( $! )
-docker save hive/simulators/ethereum/eest/consume-rlp:latest -o ../hive_assets/eest_rlp.tar & saving_pids+=( $! )
+docker save hive/simulators/ethereum/eels/consume-engine:latest -o ../hive_assets/eels_engine.tar & saving_pids+=( $! )
+docker save hive/simulators/ethereum/eels/consume-rlp:latest -o ../hive_assets/eels_rlp.tar & saving_pids+=( $! )
 docker save hive/simulators/smoke/genesis:latest -o ../hive_assets/smoke_genesis.tar & saving_pids+=( $! )
 docker save hive/simulators/smoke/network:latest -o ../hive_assets/smoke_network.tar & saving_pids+=( $! )
 docker save hive/simulators/ethereum/sync:latest -o ../hive_assets/ethereum_sync.tar & saving_pids+=( $! )
--- a/.github/assets/hive/expected_failures.yaml
+++ b/.github/assets/hive/expected_failures.yaml
@@ -6,12 +6,8 @@ rpc-compat:
  - debug_getRawReceipts/get-block-n (reth)
  - debug_getRawTransaction/get-invalid-hash (reth)

-  - eth_call/call-callenv (reth)
  - eth_getStorageAt/get-storage-invalid-key-too-large (reth)
  - eth_getStorageAt/get-storage-invalid-key (reth)
-  - eth_getTransactionReceipt/get-access-list (reth)
-  - eth_getTransactionReceipt/get-blob-tx (reth)
-  - eth_getTransactionReceipt/get-dynamic-fee (reth)
  - eth_getTransactionReceipt/get-legacy-contract (reth)
  - eth_getTransactionReceipt/get-legacy-input (reth)
  - eth_getTransactionReceipt/get-legacy-receipt (reth)
@@ -32,35 +28,47 @@ engine-withdrawals:
  - Withdraw zero amount (Paris) (reth)
  - Empty Withdrawals (Paris) (reth)
  - Corrupted Block Hash Payload (INVALID) (Paris) (reth)
-  - Withdrawals Fork on Block 1 - 8 Block Re-Org NewPayload (Paris) (reth)
  - Withdrawals Fork on Canonical Block 8 / Side Block 7 - 10 Block Re-Org (Paris) (reth)

-engine-api: []
+engine-api: [ ]

 # no fix due to https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/issues/8732
 engine-cancun:
  - Invalid PayloadAttributes, Missing BeaconRoot, Syncing=True (Cancun) (reth)
-  # the test fails with older verions of the code for which it passed before, probably related to changes
+  # the test fails with older versions of the code for which it passed before, probably related to changes
  # in hive or its dependencies
  - Blob Transaction Ordering, Multiple Clients (Cancun) (reth)

-sync: []
+sync: [ ]

-# https://github.com/ethereum/hive/issues/1277
-engine-auth:
-  - "JWT Authentication: No time drift, correct secret (Paris) (reth)"
-  - "JWT Authentication: Negative time drift, within limit, correct secret (Paris) (reth)"
-  - "JWT Authentication: Positive time drift, within limit, correct secret (Paris) (reth)"
+engine-auth: [ ]

-# 7702 test - no fix: it’s too expensive to check whether the storage is empty on each creation
-# 6110 related tests - may start passing when fixtures improve
-# 7002 related tests - post-fork test, should fix for spec compliance but not
-# realistic on mainnet
-# 7251 related tests - modified contract, not necessarily practical on mainnet,
-# worth re-visiting when more of these related tests are passing
-eest/consume-engine:
+# EIP-7610 related tests (Revert creation in case of non-empty storage):
+#
+# tests/prague/eip7702_set_code_tx/test_set_code_txs.py::test_set_code_to_non_empty_storage
+#   The test artificially creates an empty account with storage, then tests EIP-7610's behavior.
+#   On mainnet, ~25 such accounts exist as contract addresses (derived from keccak(prefix, caller,
+#   nonce/salt), not from public keys). No private key exists for contract addresses. To trigger
+#   this with EIP-7702, you'd need to recover a private key from one of the already deployed contract addresses - mathematically impossible. 
+#
+# tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_*
+#   Requires hash collision on create2 address to target already deployed accounts with storage.
+#   ~20-30 such accounts exist from before the state-clear EIP. Creating new accounts targeting
+#   these requires hash collision - mathematically impossible to trigger on mainnet.
+#   ref: https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/pull/28666#issuecomment-1891997143
+#
+# System contract tests (already fixed and deployed):
+#
+# tests/prague/eip6110_deposits/test_modified_contract.py::test_invalid_layout and test_invalid_log_length
+#   System contract is already fixed and deployed; tests cover scenarios where contract is
+#   malformed which can't happen retroactively. No point in adding checks.
+#
+# tests/prague/eip7002_el_triggerable_withdrawals/test_contract_deployment.py::test_system_contract_deployment
+# tests/prague/eip7251_consolidations/test_contract_deployment.py::test_system_contract_deployment
+#   Post-fork system contract deployment tests. Should fix for spec compliance but not realistic
+#   on mainnet as these contracts are already deployed at the correct addresses.
+eels/consume-engine:
  - tests/prague/eip7702_set_code_tx/test_set_code_txs.py::test_set_code_to_non_empty_storage[fork_Prague-blockchain_test_engine-zero_nonce]-reth
-  - tests/prague/eip7251_consolidations/test_modified_consolidation_contract.py::test_system_contract_errors[fork_Prague-blockchain_test_engine-system_contract_reaches_gas_limit-system_contract_0x0000bbddc7ce488642fb579f8b00f3a590007251]-reth
  - tests/prague/eip7251_consolidations/test_contract_deployment.py::test_system_contract_deployment[fork_CancunToPragueAtTime15k-blockchain_test_engine-deploy_after_fork-nonzero_balance]-reth
  - tests/prague/eip7251_consolidations/test_contract_deployment.py::test_system_contract_deployment[fork_CancunToPragueAtTime15k-blockchain_test_engine-deploy_after_fork-zero_balance]-reth
  - tests/prague/eip6110_deposits/test_modified_contract.py::test_invalid_layout[fork_Prague-blockchain_test_engine-log_argument_amount_offset-value_zero]-reth
@@ -68,7 +76,6 @@ eest/consume-engine:
  - tests/prague/eip6110_deposits/test_modified_contract.py::test_invalid_layout[fork_Prague-blockchain_test_engine-log_argument_index_offset-value_zero]-reth
  - tests/prague/eip6110_deposits/test_modified_contract.py::test_invalid_layout[fork_Prague-blockchain_test_engine-log_argument_index_size-value_zero]-reth
  - tests/prague/eip6110_deposits/test_modified_contract.py::test_invalid_layout[fork_Prague-blockchain_test_engine-log_argument_pubkey_offset-value_zero]-reth
-  - tests/prague/eip7002_el_triggerable_withdrawals/test_modified_withdrawal_contract.py::test_system_contract_errors[fork_Prague-blockchain_test_engine-system_contract_reaches_gas_limit-system_contract_0x00000961ef480eb55e80d19ad83579a64c007002]-reth
  - tests/prague/eip6110_deposits/test_modified_contract.py::test_invalid_layout[fork_Prague-blockchain_test_engine-log_argument_pubkey_size-value_zero]-reth
  - tests/prague/eip6110_deposits/test_modified_contract.py::test_invalid_layout[fork_Prague-blockchain_test_engine-log_argument_signature_offset-value_zero]-reth
  - tests/prague/eip6110_deposits/test_modified_contract.py::test_invalid_layout[fork_Prague-blockchain_test_engine-log_argument_signature_size-value_zero]-reth
@@ -78,11 +85,76 @@ eest/consume-engine:
  - tests/prague/eip7002_el_triggerable_withdrawals/test_contract_deployment.py::test_system_contract_deployment[fork_CancunToPragueAtTime15k-blockchain_test_engine-deploy_after_fork-zero_balance]-reth
  - tests/prague/eip6110_deposits/test_modified_contract.py::test_invalid_log_length[fork_Prague-blockchain_test_engine-slice_bytes_False]-reth
  - tests/prague/eip6110_deposits/test_modified_contract.py::test_invalid_log_length[fork_Prague-blockchain_test_engine-slice_bytes_True]-reth
-  # the next test expects a concrete new format in the error message, there is no spec for this message, so it is ok to ignore
-  - tests/cancun/eip4844_blobs/test_blob_txs.py::test_blob_type_tx_pre_fork[fork_ShanghaiToCancunAtTime15k-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-one_blob_tx]-reth
-# 7702 test - no fix: it’s too expensive to check whether the storage is empty on each creation
-# rest of tests - see above
-eest/consume-rlp:
+  - tests/prague/eip6110_deposits/test_modified_contract.py::test_invalid_layout[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test_engine-log_argument_amount_offset-value_zero]-reth
+  - tests/prague/eip6110_deposits/test_modified_contract.py::test_invalid_layout[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test_engine-log_argument_amount_size-value_zero]-reth
+  - tests/prague/eip6110_deposits/test_modified_contract.py::test_invalid_layout[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test_engine-log_argument_index_offset-value_zero]-reth
+  - tests/prague/eip6110_deposits/test_modified_contract.py::test_invalid_layout[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test_engine-log_argument_index_size-value_zero]-reth
+  - tests/prague/eip6110_deposits/test_modified_contract.py::test_invalid_layout[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test_engine-log_argument_pubkey_offset-value_zero]-reth
+  - tests/prague/eip6110_deposits/test_modified_contract.py::test_invalid_layout[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test_engine-log_argument_pubkey_size-value_zero]-reth
+  - tests/prague/eip6110_deposits/test_modified_contract.py::test_invalid_layout[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test_engine-log_argument_signature_offset-value_zero]-reth
+  - tests/prague/eip6110_deposits/test_modified_contract.py::test_invalid_layout[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test_engine-log_argument_signature_size-value_zero]-reth
+  - tests/prague/eip6110_deposits/test_modified_contract.py::test_invalid_layout[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test_engine-log_argument_withdrawal_credentials_offset-value_zero]-reth
+  - tests/prague/eip6110_deposits/test_modified_contract.py::test_invalid_layout[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test_engine-log_argument_withdrawal_credentials_size-value_zero]-reth
+  - tests/prague/eip6110_deposits/test_modified_contract.py::test_invalid_log_length[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test_engine-slice_bytes_False]-reth
+  - tests/prague/eip6110_deposits/test_modified_contract.py::test_invalid_log_length[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test_engine-slice_bytes_True]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Osaka-tx_type_0-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Prague-tx_type_0-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Paris-tx_type_1-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Paris-tx_type_2-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Shanghai-tx_type_1-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Shanghai-tx_type_2-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_opcode[fork_Cancun-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-opcode_CREATE-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Shanghai-tx_type_1-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Shanghai-tx_type_2-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_opcode[fork_Cancun-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-opcode_CREATE2-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_opcode[fork_Cancun-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-opcode_CREATE-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_opcode[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-opcode_CREATE-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Osaka-tx_type_1-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_opcode[fork_Cancun-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-opcode_CREATE2-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_opcode[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-opcode_CREATE2-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_opcode[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-opcode_CREATE-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_opcode[fork_Paris-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-opcode_CREATE-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_opcode[fork_Paris-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-opcode_CREATE-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_opcode[fork_Paris-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-opcode_CREATE2-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_opcode[fork_Paris-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-opcode_CREATE2-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Cancun-tx_type_1-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_opcode[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-opcode_CREATE2-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_opcode[fork_Prague-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-opcode_CREATE-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_opcode[fork_Prague-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-opcode_CREATE-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_opcode[fork_Prague-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-opcode_CREATE2-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_opcode[fork_Prague-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-opcode_CREATE2-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_opcode[fork_Shanghai-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-opcode_CREATE-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_opcode[fork_Shanghai-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-opcode_CREATE-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_opcode[fork_Shanghai-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-opcode_CREATE2-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_opcode[fork_Shanghai-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-opcode_CREATE2-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Cancun-tx_type_0-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Osaka-tx_type_2-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Osaka-tx_type_1-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Cancun-tx_type_2-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Cancun-tx_type_1-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Paris-tx_type_0-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Osaka-tx_type_2-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Cancun-tx_type_2-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Osaka-tx_type_0-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Paris-tx_type_1-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Paris-tx_type_0-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Paris-tx_type_2-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Cancun-tx_type_0-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Prague-tx_type_1-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Prague-tx_type_0-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Shanghai-tx_type_0-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Prague-tx_type_2-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Prague-tx_type_1-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Prague-tx_type_2-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Shanghai-tx_type_0-blockchain_test_engine_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+
+# Blob limit tests:
+#
+# tests/osaka/eip7594_peerdas/test_max_blob_per_tx.py::test_max_blobs_per_tx_fork_transition[fork_PragueToOsakaAtTime15k-blob_count_7-blockchain_test]
+#  this test inserts a chain via chain.rlp where the last block is invalid, but expects import to stop there, this doesn't work properly with our pipeline import approach hence the import fails when the invalid block is detected.
+#. In other words, if this test fails, this means we're correctly rejecting the block.
+#. The same test exists in the consume-engine simulator where it is passing as expected
+eels/consume-rlp:
  - tests/prague/eip7702_set_code_tx/test_set_code_txs.py::test_set_code_to_non_empty_storage[fork_Prague-blockchain_test-zero_nonce]-reth
  - tests/prague/eip7251_consolidations/test_modified_consolidation_contract.py::test_system_contract_errors[fork_Prague-blockchain_test_engine-system_contract_reaches_gas_limit-system_contract_0x0000bbddc7ce488642fb579f8b00f3a590007251]-reth
  - tests/prague/eip7251_consolidations/test_contract_deployment.py::test_system_contract_deployment[fork_CancunToPragueAtTime15k-blockchain_test_engine-deploy_after_fork-nonzero_balance]-reth
@@ -98,13 +170,74 @@ eest/consume-rlp:
  - tests/prague/eip6110_deposits/test_modified_contract.py::test_invalid_layout[fork_Prague-blockchain_test_engine-log_argument_signature_size-value_zero]-reth
  - tests/prague/eip6110_deposits/test_modified_contract.py::test_invalid_layout[fork_Prague-blockchain_test_engine-log_argument_withdrawal_credentials_offset-value_zero]-reth
  - tests/prague/eip6110_deposits/test_modified_contract.py::test_invalid_layout[fork_Prague-blockchain_test_engine-log_argument_withdrawal_credentials_size-value_zero]-reth
+  - tests/prague/eip6110_deposits/test_modified_contract.py::test_invalid_layout[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test_engine-log_argument_amount_offset-value_zero]-reth
+  - tests/prague/eip6110_deposits/test_modified_contract.py::test_invalid_layout[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test_engine-log_argument_amount_size-value_zero]-reth
+  - tests/prague/eip6110_deposits/test_modified_contract.py::test_invalid_layout[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test_engine-log_argument_index_offset-value_zero]-reth
+  - tests/prague/eip6110_deposits/test_modified_contract.py::test_invalid_layout[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test_engine-log_argument_index_size-value_zero]-reth
+  - tests/prague/eip6110_deposits/test_modified_contract.py::test_invalid_layout[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test_engine-log_argument_pubkey_offset-value_zero]-reth
+  - tests/prague/eip6110_deposits/test_modified_contract.py::test_invalid_layout[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test_engine-log_argument_pubkey_size-value_zero]-reth
+  - tests/prague/eip6110_deposits/test_modified_contract.py::test_invalid_layout[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test_engine-log_argument_signature_offset-value_zero]-reth
+  - tests/prague/eip6110_deposits/test_modified_contract.py::test_invalid_layout[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test_engine-log_argument_signature_size-value_zero]-reth
+  - tests/prague/eip6110_deposits/test_modified_contract.py::test_invalid_layout[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test_engine-log_argument_withdrawal_credentials_offset-value_zero]-reth
+  - tests/prague/eip6110_deposits/test_modified_contract.py::test_invalid_layout[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test_engine-log_argument_withdrawal_credentials_size-value_zero]-reth
  - tests/prague/eip7002_el_triggerable_withdrawals/test_contract_deployment.py::test_system_contract_deployment[fork_CancunToPragueAtTime15k-blockchain_test_engine-deploy_after_fork-nonzero_balance]-reth
  - tests/prague/eip7002_el_triggerable_withdrawals/test_contract_deployment.py::test_system_contract_deployment[fork_CancunToPragueAtTime15k-blockchain_test_engine-deploy_after_fork-zero_balance]-reth
  - tests/prague/eip6110_deposits/test_modified_contract.py::test_invalid_log_length[fork_Prague-blockchain_test_engine-slice_bytes_False]-reth
  - tests/prague/eip6110_deposits/test_modified_contract.py::test_invalid_log_length[fork_Prague-blockchain_test_engine-slice_bytes_True]-reth
-  - tests/prague/eip7251_consolidations/test_modified_consolidation_contract.py::test_system_contract_errors[fork_Prague-blockchain_test-system_contract_reaches_gas_limit-system_contract_0x0000bbddc7ce488642fb579f8b00f3a590007251]-reth
+  - tests/prague/eip6110_deposits/test_modified_contract.py::test_invalid_log_length[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test_engine-slice_bytes_False]-reth
+  - tests/prague/eip6110_deposits/test_modified_contract.py::test_invalid_log_length[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test_engine-slice_bytes_True]-reth
+  - tests/osaka/eip7594_peerdas/test_max_blob_per_tx.py::test_max_blobs_per_tx_fork_transition[fork_PragueToOsakaAtTime15k-blob_count_7-blockchain_test]-reth
  - tests/prague/eip7251_consolidations/test_contract_deployment.py::test_system_contract_deployment[fork_CancunToPragueAtTime15k-blockchain_test-deploy_after_fork-nonzero_balance]-reth
  - tests/prague/eip7251_consolidations/test_contract_deployment.py::test_system_contract_deployment[fork_CancunToPragueAtTime15k-blockchain_test-deploy_after_fork-zero_balance]-reth
-  - tests/prague/eip7002_el_triggerable_withdrawals/test_modified_withdrawal_contract.py::test_system_contract_errors[fork_Prague-blockchain_test-system_contract_reaches_gas_limit-system_contract_0x00000961ef480eb55e80d19ad83579a64c007002]-reth
  - tests/prague/eip7002_el_triggerable_withdrawals/test_contract_deployment.py::test_system_contract_deployment[fork_CancunToPragueAtTime15k-blockchain_test-deploy_after_fork-nonzero_balance]-reth
  - tests/prague/eip7002_el_triggerable_withdrawals/test_contract_deployment.py::test_system_contract_deployment[fork_CancunToPragueAtTime15k-blockchain_test-deploy_after_fork-zero_balance]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Shanghai-tx_type_1-blockchain_test_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Shanghai-tx_type_0-blockchain_test_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Prague-tx_type_0-blockchain_test_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Paris-tx_type_2-blockchain_test_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Paris-tx_type_1-blockchain_test_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Prague-tx_type_1-blockchain_test_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Shanghai-tx_type_1-blockchain_test_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Shanghai-tx_type_2-blockchain_test_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Paris-tx_type_1-blockchain_test_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Paris-tx_type_2-blockchain_test_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Osaka-tx_type_0-blockchain_test_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_opcode[fork_Cancun-blockchain_test_from_state_test-opcode_CREATE-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_opcode[fork_Cancun-blockchain_test_from_state_test-opcode_CREATE2-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Shanghai-tx_type_2-blockchain_test_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Osaka-tx_type_1-blockchain_test_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_opcode[fork_Cancun-blockchain_test_from_state_test-opcode_CREATE-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_opcode[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test_from_state_test-opcode_CREATE-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_opcode[fork_Cancun-blockchain_test_from_state_test-opcode_CREATE2-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_opcode[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test_from_state_test-opcode_CREATE-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_opcode[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test_from_state_test-opcode_CREATE2-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_opcode[fork_Paris-blockchain_test_from_state_test-opcode_CREATE-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_opcode[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test_from_state_test-opcode_CREATE2-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_opcode[fork_Paris-blockchain_test_from_state_test-opcode_CREATE-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_opcode[fork_Paris-blockchain_test_from_state_test-opcode_CREATE2-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_opcode[fork_Paris-blockchain_test_from_state_test-opcode_CREATE2-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_opcode[fork_Prague-blockchain_test_from_state_test-opcode_CREATE-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_opcode[fork_Prague-blockchain_test_from_state_test-opcode_CREATE-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_opcode[fork_Prague-blockchain_test_from_state_test-opcode_CREATE2-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_opcode[fork_Prague-blockchain_test_from_state_test-opcode_CREATE2-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_opcode[fork_Shanghai-blockchain_test_from_state_test-opcode_CREATE-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_opcode[fork_Shanghai-blockchain_test_from_state_test-opcode_CREATE-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Cancun-tx_type_0-blockchain_test_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_opcode[fork_Shanghai-blockchain_test_from_state_test-opcode_CREATE2-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_opcode[fork_Shanghai-blockchain_test_from_state_test-opcode_CREATE2-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Cancun-tx_type_1-blockchain_test_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Osaka-tx_type_2-blockchain_test_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Osaka-tx_type_1-blockchain_test_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Cancun-tx_type_2-blockchain_test_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Cancun-tx_type_1-blockchain_test_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Osaka-tx_type_2-blockchain_test_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Osaka-tx_type_0-blockchain_test_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Paris-tx_type_0-blockchain_test_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Cancun-tx_type_2-blockchain_test_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Paris-tx_type_0-blockchain_test_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Prague-tx_type_0-blockchain_test_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Cancun-tx_type_0-blockchain_test_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Prague-tx_type_2-blockchain_test_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Prague-tx_type_1-blockchain_test_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Prague-tx_type_2-blockchain_test_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-revert-initcode]-reth
+  - tests/paris/eip7610_create_collision/test_initcollision.py::test_init_collision_create_tx[fork_Shanghai-tx_type_0-blockchain_test_from_state_test-non-empty-balance-correct-initcode]-reth
--- a/.github/assets/hive/ignored_tests.yaml
+++ b/.github/assets/hive/ignored_tests.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+# Ignored Tests Configuration
+#
+# This file contains tests that should be ignored for various reasons (flaky, known issues, etc).
+# These tests will be IGNORED in the CI results - they won't cause the build to fail
+# regardless of whether they pass or fail.
+#
+# Format
+# test_suite:
+#   - "test name 1"
+#   - "test name 2"
+#
+# When a test should no longer be ignored, remove it from this list.
+
+# flaky
+engine-withdrawals:
+  - Withdrawals Fork on Block 1 - 8 Block Re-Org NewPayload (Paris) (reth)
+  - Withdrawals Fork on Block 8 - 10 Block Re-Org NewPayload (Paris) (reth)
+  - Withdrawals Fork on Canonical Block 8 / Side Block 7 - 10 Block Re-Org (Paris) (reth)
+  - Sync after 128 blocks - Withdrawals on Block 2 - Multiple Withdrawal Accounts (Paris) (reth)
+engine-cancun:
+  - Transaction Re-Org, New Payload on Revert Back (Cancun) (reth)
+  - Transaction Re-Org, Re-Org to Different Block (Cancun) (reth)
+  - Transaction Re-Org, Re-Org Out (Cancun) (reth)
+  - Invalid Missing Ancestor ReOrg, StateRoot, EmptyTxs=False, Invalid P9 (Cancun) (reth)
+  - Multiple New Payloads Extending Canonical Chain, Wait for Canonical Payload (Cancun) (reth)
+engine-api:
+  - Transaction Re-Org, Re-Org Out (Paris) (reth)
+  - Transaction Re-Org, Re-Org to Different Block (Paris) (reth)
+  - Transaction Re-Org, New Payload on Revert Back (Paris) (reth)
+  - Transaction Re-Org, Re-Org to Different Block (Paris) (reth)
+  - Invalid Missing Ancestor Syncing ReOrg, Transaction Nonce, EmptyTxs=False, CanonicalReOrg=False, Invalid P9 (Paris) (reth)
+  - Invalid Missing Ancestor Syncing ReOrg, Transaction Signature, EmptyTxs=False, CanonicalReOrg=True, Invalid P9 (Paris) (reth)
+  - Invalid Missing Ancestor Syncing ReOrg, Transaction Signature, EmptyTxs=False, CanonicalReOrg=False, Invalid P9 (Paris) (reth)
+  - Invalid Missing Ancestor ReOrg, StateRoot, EmptyTxs=True, Invalid P10 (Paris) (reth)
+  - Multiple New Payloads Extending Canonical Chain, Wait for Canonical Payload (Paris) (reth)
+  - Multiple New Payloads Extending Canonical Chain, Set Head to First Payload Received (Paris) (reth)
--- a/.github/assets/hive/load_images.sh
+++ b/.github/assets/hive/load_images.sh
@@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ IMAGES=(
    "/tmp/smoke_genesis.tar"
    "/tmp/smoke_network.tar"
    "/tmp/ethereum_sync.tar"
-    "/tmp/eest_engine.tar"
-    "/tmp/eest_rlp.tar"
+    "/tmp/eels_engine.tar"
+    "/tmp/eels_rlp.tar"
    "/tmp/reth_image.tar"
 )

--- a/.github/assets/hive/parse.py
+++ b/.github/assets/hive/parse.py
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import argparse
 parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Check for unexpected test results based on an exclusion list.")
 parser.add_argument("report_json", help="Path to the hive report JSON file.")
 parser.add_argument("--exclusion", required=True, help="Path to the exclusion YAML file.")
+parser.add_argument("--ignored", required=True, help="Path to the ignored tests YAML file.")
 args = parser.parse_args()

 # Load hive JSON
@@ -18,13 +19,30 @@ with open(args.exclusion, 'r') as file:
    exclusion_data = yaml.safe_load(file)
    exclusions = exclusion_data.get(report['name'], [])

+# Load ignored tests YAML
+with open(args.ignored, 'r') as file:
+    ignored_data = yaml.safe_load(file)
+    ignored_tests = ignored_data.get(report['name'], [])
+
 # Collect unexpected failures and passes
 unexpected_failures = []
 unexpected_passes = []
+ignored_results = {'passed': [], 'failed': []}

 for test in report['testCases'].values():
    test_name = test['name']
    test_pass = test['summaryResult']['pass']
+    
+    # Check if this is an ignored test
+    if test_name in ignored_tests:
+        # Track ignored test results for informational purposes
+        if test_pass:
+            ignored_results['passed'].append(test_name)
+        else:
+            ignored_results['failed'].append(test_name)
+        continue  # Skip this test - don't count it as unexpected
+    
+    # Check against expected failures
    if test_name in exclusions:
        if test_pass:
            unexpected_passes.append(test_name)
@@ -32,6 +50,19 @@ for test in report['testCases'].values():
        if not test_pass:
            unexpected_failures.append(test_name)

+# Print summary of ignored tests if any were ignored
+if ignored_results['passed'] or ignored_results['failed']:
+    print("Ignored Tests:")
+    if ignored_results['passed']:
+        print(f"  Passed ({len(ignored_results['passed'])} tests):")
+        for test in ignored_results['passed']:
+            print(f"    {test}")
+    if ignored_results['failed']:
+        print(f"  Failed ({len(ignored_results['failed'])} tests):")
+        for test in ignored_results['failed']:
+            print(f"    {test}")
+    print()
+
 # Check if there are any unexpected failures or passes and exit with error
 if unexpected_failures or unexpected_passes:
    if unexpected_failures:
--- a/.github/assets/kurtosis_op_network_params.yaml
+++ b/.github/assets/kurtosis_op_network_params.yaml
@@ -18,12 +18,19 @@ ethereum_package:
      }'
 optimism_package:
  chains:
-    - participants:
-      - el_type: op-geth
-        cl_type: op-node
-      - el_type: op-reth
-        cl_type: op-node
-        el_image: "ghcr.io/paradigmxyz/op-reth:kurtosis-ci"
+    chain0:
+      participants:
+        node0:
+          el:
+            type: op-geth
+          cl:
+            type: op-node
+        node1:
+          el:
+            type: op-reth
+            image: "ghcr.io/paradigmxyz/op-reth:kurtosis-ci"
+          cl:
+            type: op-node
      network_params:
        holocene_time_offset: 0
        isthmus_time_offset: 0
--- a/.github/workflows/bench.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/bench.yml
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ jobs:
    runs-on:
      group: Reth
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
        with:
          submodules: true
      - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
@@ -33,7 +33,8 @@ jobs:
      - name: Build the benchmark target(s)
        run: ./.github/scripts/codspeed-build.sh
      - name: Run the benchmarks
-        uses: CodSpeedHQ/action@v3
+        uses: CodSpeedHQ/action@v4
        with:
          run: cargo codspeed run --workspace
+          mode: instrumentation
          token: ${{ secrets.CODSPEED_TOKEN }}
--- a/.github/workflows/book.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/book.yml
@@ -13,33 +13,41 @@ on:
 jobs:
  build:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    timeout-minutes: 60
+    timeout-minutes: 90
    steps:
      - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v5

      - name: Install bun
        uses: oven-sh/setup-bun@v2
+        with:
+          bun-version: v1.2.23

      - name: Install Playwright browsers
        # Required for rehype-mermaid to render Mermaid diagrams during build
        run: |
-          cd book/vocs/
+          cd docs/vocs/
          bun i
          npx playwright install --with-deps chromium

+      - name: Install Rust nightly
+        uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@nightly
+
+      - name: Build docs
+        run: cd docs/vocs && bash scripts/build-cargo-docs.sh
+
      - name: Build Vocs
        run: |
-          cd book/vocs/ && bun run build
+          cd docs/vocs/ && bun run build
          echo "Vocs Build Complete"

      - name: Setup Pages
        uses: actions/configure-pages@v5

      - name: Upload artifact
-        uses: actions/upload-pages-artifact@v3
+        uses: actions/upload-pages-artifact@v4
        with:
-          path: "./book/vocs/docs/dist"
+          path: "./docs/vocs/docs/dist"

  deploy:
    # Only deploy if a push to main
--- a/.github/workflows/compact.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/compact.yml
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ jobs:
        with:
          cache-on-failure: true
      - name: Checkout base
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v5
        with:
          ref: ${{ github.base_ref || 'main' }}
      # On `main` branch, generates test vectors and serializes them to disk using `Compact`.
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ jobs:
        run: |
          ${{ matrix.bin }} -- test-vectors compact --write
      - name: Checkout PR
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v5
        with:
          clean: false
      # On incoming merge try to read and decode previously generated vectors with `Compact`
--- a/.github/workflows/docker-git.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/docker-git.yml
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ jobs:
          - name: 'Build and push the git-sha-tagged op-reth image'
            command: 'make IMAGE_NAME=$OP_IMAGE_NAME DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME=$OP_DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME GIT_SHA=$GIT_SHA PROFILE=maxperf op-docker-build-push-git-sha'
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
      - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
--- a/.github/workflows/docker-nightly.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/docker-nightly.yml
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ jobs:
          - name: 'Build and push the nightly profiling op-reth image'
            command: 'make IMAGE_NAME=$OP_IMAGE_NAME DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME=$OP_DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME PROFILE=profiling op-docker-build-push-nightly-profiling'
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - name: Remove bloatware
        uses: laverdet/remove-bloatware@v1.0.0
        with:
--- a/.github/workflows/docker.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/docker.yml
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ jobs:
          - name: "Build and push op-reth image"
            command: "make IMAGE_NAME=$OP_IMAGE_NAME DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME=$OP_DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME PROFILE=maxperf op-docker-build-push"
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
      - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ jobs:
          - name: "Build and push op-reth image"
            command: "make IMAGE_NAME=$OP_IMAGE_NAME DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME=$OP_DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME PROFILE=maxperf op-docker-build-push-latest"
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
      - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
--- a/.github/workflows/e2e.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/e2e.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+# Runs e2e tests using the testsuite framework
+
+name: e2e
+
+on:
+  pull_request:
+  merge_group:
+  push:
+    branches: [main]
+
+env:
+  CARGO_TERM_COLOR: always
+  SEED: rustethereumethereumrust
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.head_ref || github.run_id }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+jobs:
+  test:
+    name: e2e-testsuite
+    runs-on:
+      group: Reth
+    env:
+      RUST_BACKTRACE: 1
+    timeout-minutes: 90
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
+      - uses: taiki-e/install-action@nextest
+      - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
+        with:
+          cache-on-failure: true
+      - name: Run e2e tests
+        run: |
+          cargo nextest run \
+            --locked --features "asm-keccak" \
+            --workspace \
+            --exclude 'example-*' \
+            --exclude 'exex-subscription' \
+            --exclude 'reth-bench' \
+            --exclude 'ef-tests' \
+            --exclude 'op-reth' \
+            --exclude 'reth' \
+            -E 'binary(e2e_testsuite)'
+
--- a/.github/workflows/hive.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/hive.yml
@@ -27,30 +27,53 @@ jobs:
    runs-on:
      group: Reth
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - name: Checkout hive tests
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v5
        with:
          repository: ethereum/hive
-          # TODO: unpin when https://github.com/ethereum/hive/issues/1306 is fixed
-          ref: edd9969338dd1798ba2e61f049c7e3a15cef53e6
          path: hivetests

-      - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+      - name: Get hive commit hash
+        id: hive-commit
+        run: echo "hash=$(cd hivetests && git rev-parse HEAD)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
        with:
          go-version: "^1.13.1"
      - run: go version

+      - name: Restore hive assets cache
+        id: cache-hive
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
+        with:
+          path: ./hive_assets
+          key: hive-assets-${{ steps.hive-commit.outputs.hash }}-${{ hashFiles('.github/assets/hive/build_simulators.sh') }}
+
      - name: Build hive assets
+        if: steps.cache-hive.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
        run: .github/assets/hive/build_simulators.sh

+      - name: Load cached Docker images
+        if: steps.cache-hive.outputs.cache-hit == 'true'
+        run: |
+          cd hive_assets
+          for tar_file in *.tar; do
+            if [ -f "$tar_file" ]; then
+              echo "Loading $tar_file..."
+              docker load -i "$tar_file"
+            fi
+          done
+          # Make hive binary executable
+          chmod +x hive
+
      - name: Upload hive assets
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v5
        with:
          name: hive_assets
          path: ./hive_assets
  test:
-    timeout-minutes: 60
+    timeout-minutes: 120
    strategy:
      fail-fast: false
      matrix:
@@ -114,36 +137,44 @@ jobs:
              - debug_

          # consume-engine
-          - sim: ethereum/eest/consume-engine
+          - sim: ethereum/eels/consume-engine
+            limit: .*tests/osaka.*
+          - sim: ethereum/eels/consume-engine
            limit: .*tests/prague.*
-          - sim: ethereum/eest/consume-engine
+          - sim: ethereum/eels/consume-engine
            limit: .*tests/cancun.*
-          - sim: ethereum/eest/consume-engine
+          - sim: ethereum/eels/consume-engine
            limit: .*tests/shanghai.*
-          - sim: ethereum/eest/consume-engine
+          - sim: ethereum/eels/consume-engine
            limit: .*tests/berlin.*
-          - sim: ethereum/eest/consume-engine
+          - sim: ethereum/eels/consume-engine
            limit: .*tests/istanbul.*
-          - sim: ethereum/eest/consume-engine
+          - sim: ethereum/eels/consume-engine
            limit: .*tests/homestead.*
-          - sim: ethereum/eest/consume-engine
+          - sim: ethereum/eels/consume-engine
            limit: .*tests/frontier.*
+          - sim: ethereum/eels/consume-engine
+            limit: .*tests/paris.*

          # consume-rlp
-          - sim: ethereum/eest/consume-rlp
+          - sim: ethereum/eels/consume-rlp
+            limit: .*tests/osaka.*
+          - sim: ethereum/eels/consume-rlp
            limit: .*tests/prague.*
-          - sim: ethereum/eest/consume-rlp
+          - sim: ethereum/eels/consume-rlp
            limit: .*tests/cancun.*
-          - sim: ethereum/eest/consume-rlp
+          - sim: ethereum/eels/consume-rlp
            limit: .*tests/shanghai.*
-          - sim: ethereum/eest/consume-rlp
+          - sim: ethereum/eels/consume-rlp
            limit: .*tests/berlin.*
-          - sim: ethereum/eest/consume-rlp
+          - sim: ethereum/eels/consume-rlp
            limit: .*tests/istanbul.*
-          - sim: ethereum/eest/consume-rlp
+          - sim: ethereum/eels/consume-rlp
            limit: .*tests/homestead.*
-          - sim: ethereum/eest/consume-rlp
+          - sim: ethereum/eels/consume-rlp
            limit: .*tests/frontier.*
+          - sim: ethereum/eels/consume-rlp
+            limit: .*tests/paris.*
    needs:
      - prepare-reth
      - prepare-hive
@@ -153,18 +184,18 @@ jobs:
    permissions:
      issues: write
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0

      - name: Download hive assets
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v6
        with:
          name: hive_assets
          path: /tmp

      - name: Download reth image
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v6
        with:
          name: artifacts
          path: /tmp
@@ -178,7 +209,7 @@ jobs:
          chmod +x /usr/local/bin/hive

      - name: Checkout hive tests
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v5
        with:
          repository: ethereum/hive
          ref: master
@@ -202,7 +233,7 @@ jobs:

      - name: Parse hive output
        run: |
-          find hivetests/workspace/logs -type f -name "*.json" ! -name "hive.json" | xargs -I {} python .github/assets/hive/parse.py {} --exclusion .github/assets/hive/expected_failures.yaml
+          find hivetests/workspace/logs -type f -name "*.json" ! -name "hive.json" | xargs -I {} python .github/assets/hive/parse.py {} --exclusion .github/assets/hive/expected_failures.yaml --ignored .github/assets/hive/ignored_tests.yaml

      - name: Print simulator output
        if: ${{ failure() }}
--- a/.github/workflows/integration.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/integration.yml
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ jobs:
        network: ["ethereum", "optimism"]
    timeout-minutes: 60
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
      - name: Install Geth
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ jobs:
          cargo nextest run \
            --locked --features "asm-keccak ${{ matrix.network }}" \
            --workspace --exclude ef-tests \
-            -E "kind(test)"
+            -E "kind(test) and not binary(e2e_testsuite)"
      - if: matrix.network == 'optimism'
        name: Run tests
        run: |
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ jobs:
    if: github.event_name == 'schedule'
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
      - uses: taiki-e/install-action@nextest
--- a/.github/workflows/kurtosis-op.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/kurtosis-op.yml
@@ -37,12 +37,12 @@ jobs:
    needs:
      - prepare-reth
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0

      - name: Download reth image
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v6
        with:
          name: artifacts
          path: /tmp
@@ -62,12 +62,10 @@ jobs:
          sudo apt update
          sudo apt install kurtosis-cli
          kurtosis engine start
-          # TODO: unpin optimism-package when https://github.com/ethpandaops/optimism-package/issues/340 is fixed
-          # kurtosis run --enclave op-devnet github.com/ethpandaops/optimism-package --args-file .github/assets/kurtosis_op_network_params.yaml
-          kurtosis run --enclave op-devnet github.com/ethpandaops/optimism-package@452133367b693e3ba22214a6615c86c60a1efd5e --args-file .github/assets/kurtosis_op_network_params.yaml
+          kurtosis run --enclave op-devnet github.com/ethpandaops/optimism-package --args-file .github/assets/kurtosis_op_network_params.yaml
          ENCLAVE_ID=$(curl http://127.0.0.1:9779/api/enclaves | jq --raw-output 'keys[0]')
-          GETH_PORT=$(curl "http://127.0.0.1:9779/api/enclaves/$ENCLAVE_ID/services" | jq '."op-el-2151908-1-op-geth-op-node-op-kurtosis".public_ports.rpc.number')
-          RETH_PORT=$(curl "http://127.0.0.1:9779/api/enclaves/$ENCLAVE_ID/services" | jq '."op-el-2151908-2-op-reth-op-node-op-kurtosis".public_ports.rpc.number')
+          GETH_PORT=$(curl "http://127.0.0.1:9779/api/enclaves/$ENCLAVE_ID/services" | jq '."op-el-2151908-node0-op-geth".public_ports.rpc.number')
+          RETH_PORT=$(curl "http://127.0.0.1:9779/api/enclaves/$ENCLAVE_ID/services" | jq '."op-el-2151908-node1-op-reth".public_ports.rpc.number')
          echo "GETH_RPC=http://127.0.0.1:$GETH_PORT" >> $GITHUB_ENV
          echo "RETH_RPC=http://127.0.0.1:$RETH_PORT" >> $GITHUB_ENV

--- a/.github/workflows/kurtosis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/kurtosis.yml
@@ -35,12 +35,12 @@ jobs:
    needs:
      - prepare-reth
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0

      - name: Download reth image
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v6
        with:
          name: artifacts
          path: /tmp
--- a/.github/workflows/label-pr.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/label-pr.yml
@@ -11,12 +11,12 @@ jobs:
      issues: write
      pull-requests: write
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0

      - name: Label PRs
-        uses: actions/github-script@v7
+        uses: actions/github-script@v8
        with:
          script: |
            const label_pr = require('./.github/assets/label_pr.js')
--- a/.github/workflows/lint-actions.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/lint-actions.yml
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ jobs:
  actionlint:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - name: Download actionlint
        id: get_actionlint
        run: bash <(curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rhysd/actionlint/main/scripts/download-actionlint.bash)
--- a/.github/workflows/lint.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/lint.yml
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ jobs:
            args: --workspace --lib --examples --tests --benches --locked
            features: "ethereum asm-keccak jemalloc jemalloc-prof min-error-logs min-warn-logs min-info-logs min-debug-logs min-trace-logs"
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@clippy
        with:
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    timeout-minutes: 30
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@nightly
        with:
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    timeout-minutes: 30
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
        with:
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    timeout-minutes: 60
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
        with:
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    timeout-minutes: 30
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
      - uses: taiki-e/install-action@cargo-hack
@@ -114,11 +114,11 @@ jobs:
          - binary: reth
          - binary: op-reth
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@master
        with:
-          toolchain: "1.86" # MSRV
+          toolchain: "1.88" # MSRV
      - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
        with:
          cache-on-failure: true
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    timeout-minutes: 30
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@nightly
      - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    timeout-minutes: 30
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@nightly
        with:
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    timeout-minutes: 30
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@nightly
      - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    timeout-minutes: 30
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@nightly
      - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
@@ -184,25 +184,23 @@ jobs:
      - run: cargo build --bin reth --workspace --features ethereum
        env:
          RUSTFLAGS: -D warnings
-      - run: ./book/cli/update.sh target/debug/reth
-      - name: Check book changes
+      - run: ./docs/cli/update.sh target/debug/reth
+      - name: Check docs changes
        run: git diff --exit-code

-  codespell:
+  typos:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    timeout-minutes: 30
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - uses: codespell-project/actions-codespell@v2
-        with:
-          skip: "*.json"
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: crate-ci/typos@v1

  check-toml:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    timeout-minutes: 30
    steps:
      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - name: Run dprint
        uses: dprint/check@v2.3
        with:
@@ -212,7 +210,7 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    timeout-minutes: 30
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - name: Check dashboard JSON with jq
        uses: sergeysova/jq-action@v2
        with:
@@ -222,7 +220,7 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    timeout-minutes: 30
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
      - name: Ensure no arbitrary or proptest dependency on default build
@@ -234,7 +232,7 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    timeout-minutes: 30
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@clippy
      - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
@@ -251,16 +249,15 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    timeout-minutes: 20
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - name: fetch deps
-        run: |
-          # Eagerly pull dependencies
-          time cargo metadata --format-version=1 --locked > /dev/null
-      - name: run zepter
-        run: |
-          cargo install zepter -f --locked
-          zepter --version
-          time zepter run check
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
+      - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
+      - uses: taiki-e/cache-cargo-install-action@v2
+        with:
+          tool: zepter
+      - name: Eagerly pull dependencies
+        run: cargo metadata --format-version=1 --locked > /dev/null
+      - run: zepter run check

  deny:
    uses: ithacaxyz/ci/.github/workflows/deny.yml@main
@@ -278,7 +275,7 @@ jobs:
      - fmt
      - udeps
      - book
-      - codespell
+      - typos
      - grafana
      - no-test-deps
      - features
--- a/.github/workflows/pr-title.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/pr-title.yml
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ jobs:
    steps:
      - name: Check title
        id: lint_pr_title
-        uses: amannn/action-semantic-pull-request@v5
+        uses: amannn/action-semantic-pull-request@v6
        env:
          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
        with:
--- a/.github/workflows/prepare-reth.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/prepare-reth.yml
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ jobs:
    runs-on:
      group: Reth
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - run: mkdir artifacts

      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ jobs:

      - name: Upload reth image
        id: upload
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v5
        with:
          name: artifacts
          path: ./artifacts
--- a/.github/workflows/release-reproducible.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release-reproducible.yml
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ jobs:
      packages: write
      contents: read
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3

--- a/.github/workflows/release.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release.yml
@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@ env:
  OP_IMAGE_NAME: ${{ github.repository_owner }}/op-reth
  REPRODUCIBLE_IMAGE_NAME: ${{ github.repository_owner }}/reth-reproducible
  CARGO_TERM_COLOR: always
-  DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME_URL: ghcr.io/${{ github.repository_owner }}/reth
-  DOCKER_OP_IMAGE_NAME_URL: ghcr.io/${{ github.repository_owner }}/op-reth
+  DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME_URL: https://ghcr.io/${{ github.repository_owner }}/reth
+  DOCKER_OP_IMAGE_NAME_URL: https://ghcr.io/${{ github.repository_owner }}/op-reth

 jobs:
  dry-run:
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ jobs:
    needs: extract-version
    if: ${{ github.event.inputs.dry_run != 'true' }}
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
      - name: Verify crate version matches tag
        # Check that the Cargo version starts with the tag,
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ jobs:
            profile: maxperf
            allow_fail: false
          - target: x86_64-apple-darwin
-            os: macos-13
+            os: macos-14
            profile: maxperf
            allow_fail: false
          - target: aarch64-apple-darwin
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ jobs:
          - command: op-build
            binary: op-reth
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
        with:
@@ -141,14 +141,14 @@ jobs:

      - name: Upload artifact
        if: ${{ github.event.inputs.dry_run != 'true' }}
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v5
        with:
          name: ${{ matrix.build.binary }}-${{ needs.extract-version.outputs.VERSION }}-${{ matrix.configs.target }}.tar.gz
          path: ${{ matrix.build.binary }}-${{ needs.extract-version.outputs.VERSION }}-${{ matrix.configs.target }}.tar.gz

      - name: Upload signature
        if: ${{ github.event.inputs.dry_run != 'true' }}
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v5
        with:
          name: ${{ matrix.build.binary }}-${{ needs.extract-version.outputs.VERSION }}-${{ matrix.configs.target }}.tar.gz.asc
          path: ${{ matrix.build.binary }}-${{ needs.extract-version.outputs.VERSION }}-${{ matrix.configs.target }}.tar.gz.asc
@@ -166,11 +166,11 @@ jobs:
    steps:
      # This is necessary for generating the changelog.
      # It has to come before "Download Artifacts" or else it deletes the artifacts.
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0
      - name: Download artifacts
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v6
      - name: Generate full changelog
        id: changelog
        run: |
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ jobs:
          | Payload Builders     | <TODO> |
          | Non-Payload Builders | <TODO>    |

-          *See [Update Priorities](https://paradigmxyz.github.io/reth/installation/priorities.html) for more information about this table.*
+          *See [Update Priorities](https://reth.rs/installation/priorities) for more information about this table.*

          ## All Changes

@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ jobs:

          ## Binaries

-          [See pre-built binaries documentation.](https://paradigmxyz.github.io/reth/installation/binaries.html)
+          [See pre-built binaries documentation.](https://reth.rs/installation/binaries)

          The binaries are signed with the PGP key: `50FB 7CC5 5B2E 8AFA 59FE 03B7 AA5E D56A 7FBF 253E`

--- a/.github/workflows/reproducible-build.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/reproducible-build.yml
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ jobs:
    name: build reproducible binaries
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
        with:
--- a/.github/workflows/stage.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/stage.yml
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ jobs:
      RUST_BACKTRACE: 1
    timeout-minutes: 60
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
      - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
--- a/.github/workflows/stale.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/stale.yml
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ jobs:
      issues: write
      pull-requests: write
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/stale@v9
+      - uses: actions/stale@v10
        with:
          days-before-stale: 21
          days-before-close: 7
--- a/.github/workflows/sync-era.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/sync-era.yml
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ jobs:
            block: 10000
            unwind-target: "0x118a6e922a8c6cab221fc5adfe5056d2b72d58c6580e9c5629de55299e2cf8de"
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
      - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ jobs:
            --chain ${{ matrix.chain.chain }} \
            --debug.tip ${{ matrix.chain.tip }} \
            --debug.max-block ${{ matrix.chain.block }} \
-            --debug.terminate
+            --debug.terminate \
            --era.enable
      - name: Verify the target block hash
        run: |
--- a/.github/workflows/sync.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/sync.yml
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ jobs:
            block: 10000
            unwind-target: "0x118a6e922a8c6cab221fc5adfe5056d2b72d58c6580e9c5629de55299e2cf8de"
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
      - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
--- a/.github/workflows/unit.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/unit.yml
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ jobs:
            total_partitions: 2
    timeout-minutes: 30
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
      - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ jobs:
            ${{ matrix.args }} --workspace \
            --exclude ef-tests --no-tests=warn \
            --partition hash:${{ matrix.partition }}/2 \
-            -E "!kind(test)"
+            -E "!kind(test) and not binary(e2e_testsuite)"

  state:
    name: Ethereum state tests
@@ -72,15 +72,24 @@ jobs:
      RUST_BACKTRACE: 1
    timeout-minutes: 30
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - name: Checkout ethereum/tests
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v5
        with:
          repository: ethereum/tests
          ref: 81862e4848585a438d64f911a19b3825f0f4cd95
          path: testing/ef-tests/ethereum-tests
          submodules: recursive
          fetch-depth: 1
+      - name: Download & extract EEST fixtures (public)
+        shell: bash
+        env:
+          EEST_TESTS_TAG: v4.5.0
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          mkdir -p testing/ef-tests/execution-spec-tests
+          URL="https://github.com/ethereum/execution-spec-tests/releases/download/${EEST_TESTS_TAG}/fixtures_stable.tar.gz"
+          curl -L "$URL" | tar -xz --strip-components=1 -C testing/ef-tests/execution-spec-tests
      - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
      - uses: taiki-e/install-action@nextest
@@ -97,7 +106,7 @@ jobs:
      RUST_BACKTRACE: 1
    timeout-minutes: 30
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
      - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
--- a/.github/workflows/update-superchain.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/update-superchain.yml
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v5

      - name: Install required tools
        run: |
--- a/.github/workflows/windows.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/windows.yml
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ jobs:
    timeout-minutes: 60

    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
        with:
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ jobs:
    timeout-minutes: 60

    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
        with:
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -55,7 +55,20 @@ rustc-ice-*
 book/sources/Cargo.lock

 # vocs node_modules
-book/vocs/node_modules
+docs/vocs/node_modules

 # Cargo chef recipe file
 recipe.json
+
+_
+# broken links report
+links-report.json
+
+# Python cache
+__pycache__/
+*.py[cod]
+*$py.class
+
+# direnv
+.envrc
+.direnv/
--- a/CLAUDE.md
+++ b/CLAUDE.md
@@ -162,6 +162,7 @@ Based on PR patterns, avoid:
 2. **Mixing unrelated changes**: One logical change per PR
 3. **Ignoring CI failures**: All checks must pass
 4. **Incomplete implementations**: Finish features before submitting
+5. **Modifying libmdbx sources**: Never modify files in `crates/storage/libmdbx-rs/mdbx-sys/libmdbx/` - this is vendored third-party code

 ### CI Requirements

@@ -181,6 +182,7 @@ Label PRs appropriately, first check the available labels and then apply the rel
 * when changes are docs related, add C-docs label
 * when changes are optimism related (e.g. new feature or exclusive changes to crates/optimism), add A-op-reth label
 * ... and so on, check the available labels for more options.
+* if being tasked to open a pr, ensure that all changes are properly formatted: `cargo +nightly fmt --all`

 If changes in reth include changes to dependencies, run commands `zepter` and `make lint-toml` before finalizing the pr. Assume `zepter` binary is installed.

@@ -234,6 +236,85 @@ Common refactoring pattern:
 - Add trait bounds for flexibility
 - Enable reuse across different chain types (Ethereum, Optimism)

+#### When to Comment
+
+Write comments that remain valuable after the PR is merged. Future readers won't have PR context - they only see the current code.
+
+##### ✅ DO: Add Value
+
+**Explain WHY and non-obvious behavior:**
+```rust
+// Process must handle allocations atomically to prevent race conditions
+// between dealloc on drop and concurrent limit checks
+unsafe impl GlobalAlloc for LimitedAllocator { ... }
+
+// Binary search requires sorted input. Panics on unsorted slices.
+fn find_index(items: &[Item], target: &Item) -> Option
+
+// Timeout set to 5s to match EVM block processing limits
+const TRACER_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(5);
+```
+
+**Document constraints and assumptions:**
+```rust
+/// Returns heap size estimate.
+/// 
+/// Note: May undercount shared references (Rc/Arc). For precise
+/// accounting, combine with an allocator-based approach.
+fn deep_size_of(&self) -> usize
+```
+
+**Explain complex logic:**
+```rust
+// We reset limits at task start because tokio reuses threads in
+// spawn_blocking pool. Without reset, second task inherits first
+// task's allocation count and immediately hits limit.
+THREAD_ALLOCATED.with(|allocated| allocated.set(0));
+```
+
+##### ❌ DON'T: Describe Changes
+```rust
+// ❌ BAD - Describes the change, not the code
+// Changed from Vec to HashMap for O(1) lookups
+
+// ✅ GOOD - Explains the decision
+// HashMap provides O(1) symbol lookups during trace replay
+```
+```rust
+// ❌ BAD - PR-specific context
+// Fix for issue #234 where memory wasn't freed
+
+// ✅ GOOD - Documents the actual behavior
+// Explicitly drop allocations before limit check to ensure
+// accurate accounting
+```
+```rust
+// ❌ BAD - States the obvious
+// Increment counter
+counter += 1;
+
+// ✅ GOOD - Explains non-obvious purpose
+// Track allocations across all threads for global limit enforcement
+GLOBAL_COUNTER.fetch_add(1, Ordering::SeqCst);
+```
+
+✅ **Comment when:**
+- Non-obvious behavior or edge cases
+- Performance trade-offs
+- Safety requirements (unsafe blocks must always be documented)
+- Limitations or gotchas
+- Why simpler alternatives don't work
+
+❌ **Don't comment when:**
+- Code is self-explanatory
+- Just restating the code in English
+- Describing what changed in this PR
+
+##### The Test: "Will this make sense in 6 months?"
+
+Before adding a comment, ask: Would someone reading just the current code (no PR, no history) find this helpful?
+
+
 ### Example Contribution Workflow

 Let's say you want to fix a bug where external IP resolution fails on startup:
--- a/CONTRIBUTING.md
+++ b/CONTRIBUTING.md
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 Thanks for your interest in improving Reth!

 There are multiple opportunities to contribute at any level. It doesn't matter if you are just getting started with Rust
-or are the most weathered expert, we can use your help.
+or if you are already the most weathered expert, we can use your help.

 **No contribution is too small and all contributions are valued.**

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ If you have reviewed existing documentation and still have questions, or you are
 *opening a discussion**. This repository comes with a discussions board where you can also ask for help. Click the "
 Discussions" tab at the top.

-As Reth is still in heavy development, the documentation can be a bit scattered. The [Reth Book][reth-book] is our
+As Reth is still in heavy development, the documentation can be a bit scattered. The [Reth Docs][reth-docs] is our
 current best-effort attempt at keeping up-to-date information.

 ### Submitting a bug report
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ _Adapted from the [Foundry contributing guide][foundry-contributing]_.

 [dev-tg]: https://t.me/paradigm_reth

-[reth-book]: https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/tree/main/book
+[reth-docs]: https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/tree/main/docs

 [mcve]: https://stackoverflow.com/help/mcve

--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 [workspace.package]
-version = "1.4.8"
-edition = "2021"
-rust-version = "1.86"
+version = "1.9.4"
+edition = "2024"
+rust-version = "1.88"
 license = "MIT OR Apache-2.0"
 homepage = "https://paradigmxyz.github.io/reth"
 repository = "https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth"
@@ -10,8 +10,9 @@ exclude = [".github/"]
 [workspace]
 members = [
    "bin/reth-bench/",
+    "bin/reth-bench-compare/",
    "bin/reth/",
-    "crates/alloy-provider/",
+    "crates/storage/rpc-provider/",
    "crates/chain-state/",
    "crates/chainspec/",
    "crates/cli/cli/",
@@ -67,6 +68,7 @@ members = [
    "crates/node/api/",
    "crates/node/builder/",
    "crates/node/core/",
+    "crates/node/ethstats",
    "crates/node/events/",
    "crates/node/metrics",
    "crates/node/types",
@@ -75,6 +77,7 @@ members = [
    "crates/optimism/cli",
    "crates/optimism/consensus",
    "crates/optimism/evm/",
+    "crates/optimism/flashblocks/",
    "crates/optimism/hardforks/",
    "crates/optimism/node/",
    "crates/optimism/payload/",
@@ -91,6 +94,7 @@ members = [
    "crates/payload/util/",
    "crates/primitives-traits/",
    "crates/primitives/",
+    "crates/prune/db",
    "crates/prune/prune",
    "crates/prune/types",
    "crates/ress/protocol",
@@ -105,6 +109,7 @@ members = [
    "crates/rpc/rpc-layer",
    "crates/rpc/rpc-server-types/",
    "crates/rpc/rpc-testing-util/",
+    "crates/rpc/rpc-e2e-tests/",
    "crates/rpc/rpc-convert/",
    "crates/rpc/rpc/",
    "crates/stages/api/",
@@ -143,6 +148,7 @@ members = [
    "examples/custom-node/",
    "examples/custom-engine-types/",
    "examples/custom-evm/",
+    "examples/custom-hardforks/",
    "examples/custom-inspector/",
    "examples/custom-node-components/",
    "examples/custom-payload-builder/",
@@ -153,12 +159,15 @@ members = [
    "examples/exex-hello-world",
    "examples/exex-subscription",
    "examples/exex-test",
+    "examples/full-contract-state",
    "examples/manual-p2p/",
    "examples/network-txpool/",
    "examples/network/",
    "examples/network-proxy/",
+    "examples/node-builder-api/",
    "examples/node-custom-rpc/",
    "examples/node-event-hooks/",
+    "examples/op-db-access/",
    "examples/polygon-p2p/",
    "examples/rpc-db/",
    "examples/precompile-cache/",
@@ -166,10 +175,11 @@ members = [
    "examples/custom-beacon-withdrawals",
    "testing/ef-tests/",
    "testing/testing-utils",
+    "testing/runner",
    "crates/tracing-otlp",
 ]
 default-members = ["bin/reth"]
-exclude = ["book/sources", "book/cli"]
+exclude = ["docs/cli"]

 # Explicitly set the resolver to version 2, which is the default for packages with edition >= 2021
 # https://doc.rust-lang.org/edition-guide/rust-2021/default-cargo-resolver.html
@@ -181,6 +191,7 @@ rust.missing_docs = "warn"
 rust.rust_2018_idioms = { level = "deny", priority = -1 }
 rust.unreachable_pub = "warn"
 rust.unused_must_use = "deny"
+rust.rust_2024_incompatible_pat = "warn"
 rustdoc.all = "warn"
 # rust.unnameable-types = "warn"

@@ -321,9 +332,10 @@ codegen-units = 1
 # reth
 op-reth = { path = "crates/optimism/bin" }
 reth = { path = "bin/reth" }
-reth-alloy-provider = { path = "crates/alloy-provider" }
+reth-storage-rpc-provider = { path = "crates/storage/rpc-provider" }
 reth-basic-payload-builder = { path = "crates/payload/basic" }
 reth-bench = { path = "bin/reth-bench" }
+reth-bench-compare = { path = "bin/reth-bench-compare" }
 reth-chain-state = { path = "crates/chain-state" }
 reth-chainspec = { path = "crates/chainspec", default-features = false }
 reth-cli = { path = "crates/cli/cli" }
@@ -357,7 +369,7 @@ reth-era-utils = { path = "crates/era-utils" }
 reth-errors = { path = "crates/errors" }
 reth-eth-wire = { path = "crates/net/eth-wire" }
 reth-eth-wire-types = { path = "crates/net/eth-wire-types" }
-reth-ethereum-cli = { path = "crates/ethereum/cli" }
+reth-ethereum-cli = { path = "crates/ethereum/cli", default-features = false }
 reth-ethereum-consensus = { path = "crates/ethereum/consensus", default-features = false }
 reth-ethereum-engine-primitives = { path = "crates/ethereum/engine-primitives", default-features = false }
 reth-ethereum-forks = { path = "crates/ethereum/hardforks", default-features = false }
@@ -391,13 +403,14 @@ reth-node-api = { path = "crates/node/api" }
 reth-node-builder = { path = "crates/node/builder" }
 reth-node-core = { path = "crates/node/core" }
 reth-node-ethereum = { path = "crates/ethereum/node" }
+reth-node-ethstats = { path = "crates/node/ethstats" }
 reth-node-events = { path = "crates/node/events" }
 reth-node-metrics = { path = "crates/node/metrics" }
 reth-optimism-node = { path = "crates/optimism/node" }
 reth-node-types = { path = "crates/node/types" }
 reth-op = { path = "crates/optimism/reth", default-features = false }
 reth-optimism-chainspec = { path = "crates/optimism/chainspec", default-features = false }
-reth-optimism-cli = { path = "crates/optimism/cli" }
+reth-optimism-cli = { path = "crates/optimism/cli", default-features = false }
 reth-optimism-consensus = { path = "crates/optimism/consensus", default-features = false }
 reth-optimism-forks = { path = "crates/optimism/hardforks", default-features = false }
 reth-optimism-payload-builder = { path = "crates/optimism/payload" }
@@ -420,16 +433,18 @@ reth-rpc = { path = "crates/rpc/rpc" }
 reth-rpc-api = { path = "crates/rpc/rpc-api" }
 reth-rpc-api-testing-util = { path = "crates/rpc/rpc-testing-util" }
 reth-rpc-builder = { path = "crates/rpc/rpc-builder" }
+reth-rpc-e2e-tests = { path = "crates/rpc/rpc-e2e-tests" }
 reth-rpc-engine-api = { path = "crates/rpc/rpc-engine-api" }
 reth-rpc-eth-api = { path = "crates/rpc/rpc-eth-api" }
 reth-rpc-eth-types = { path = "crates/rpc/rpc-eth-types", default-features = false }
 reth-rpc-layer = { path = "crates/rpc/rpc-layer" }
+reth-optimism-flashblocks = { path = "crates/optimism/flashblocks" }
 reth-rpc-server-types = { path = "crates/rpc/rpc-server-types" }
 reth-rpc-convert = { path = "crates/rpc/rpc-convert" }
 reth-stages = { path = "crates/stages/stages" }
 reth-stages-api = { path = "crates/stages/api" }
 reth-stages-types = { path = "crates/stages/types", default-features = false }
-reth-stateless = { path = "crates/stateless" }
+reth-stateless = { path = "crates/stateless", default-features = false }
 reth-static-file = { path = "crates/static-file/static-file" }
 reth-static-file-types = { path = "crates/static-file/types", default-features = false }
 reth-storage-api = { path = "crates/storage/storage-api", default-features = false }
@@ -437,7 +452,8 @@ reth-storage-errors = { path = "crates/storage/errors", default-features = false
 reth-tasks = { path = "crates/tasks" }
 reth-testing-utils = { path = "testing/testing-utils" }
 reth-tokio-util = { path = "crates/tokio-util" }
-reth-tracing = { path = "crates/tracing" }
+reth-tracing = { path = "crates/tracing", default-features = false }
+reth-tracing-otlp = { path = "crates/tracing-otlp" }
 reth-transaction-pool = { path = "crates/transaction-pool" }
 reth-trie = { path = "crates/trie/trie" }
 reth-trie-common = { path = "crates/trie/common", default-features = false }
@@ -450,79 +466,81 @@ reth-ress-protocol = { path = "crates/ress/protocol" }
 reth-ress-provider = { path = "crates/ress/provider" }

 # revm
-revm = { version = "26.0.1", default-features = false }
-revm-bytecode = { version = "5.0.0", default-features = false }
-revm-database = { version = "6.0.0", default-features = false }
-revm-state = { version = "6.0.0", default-features = false }
-revm-primitives = { version = "20.0.0", default-features = false }
-revm-interpreter = { version = "22.0.1", default-features = false }
-revm-inspector = { version = "7.0.1", default-features = false }
-revm-context = { version = "7.0.1", default-features = false }
-revm-context-interface = { version = "7.0.0", default-features = false }
-revm-database-interface = { version = "6.0.0", default-features = false }
-op-revm = { version = "7.0.1", default-features = false }
-revm-inspectors = "0.25.0"
+revm = { version = "31.0.2", default-features = false }
+revm-bytecode = { version = "7.1.1", default-features = false }
+revm-database = { version = "9.0.5", default-features = false }
+revm-state = { version = "8.1.1", default-features = false }
+revm-primitives = { version = "21.0.2", default-features = false }
+revm-interpreter = { version = "29.0.1", default-features = false }
+revm-inspector = { version = "12.0.2", default-features = false }
+revm-context = { version = "11.0.2", default-features = false }
+revm-context-interface = { version = "12.0.1", default-features = false }
+revm-database-interface = { version = "8.0.5", default-features = false }
+op-revm = { version = "12.0.2", default-features = false }
+revm-inspectors = "0.32.0"

 # eth
-alloy-chains = { version = "0.2.0", default-features = false }
-alloy-dyn-abi = "1.2.0"
+alloy-chains = { version = "0.2.5", default-features = false }
+alloy-dyn-abi = "1.4.1"
 alloy-eip2124 = { version = "0.2.0", default-features = false }
-alloy-evm = { version = "0.12", default-features = false }
-alloy-primitives = { version = "1.2.0", default-features = false, features = ["map-foldhash"] }
+alloy-evm = { version = "0.23.0", default-features = false }
+alloy-primitives = { version = "1.4.1", default-features = false, features = ["map-foldhash"] }
 alloy-rlp = { version = "0.3.10", default-features = false, features = ["core-net"] }
-alloy-sol-macro = "1.2.0"
-alloy-sol-types = { version = "1.2.0", default-features = false }
-alloy-trie = { version = "0.9.0", default-features = false }
+alloy-sol-macro = "1.4.1"
+alloy-sol-types = { version = "1.4.1", default-features = false }
+alloy-trie = { version = "0.9.1", default-features = false }

-alloy-hardforks = "0.2.7"
+alloy-hardforks = "0.4.4"

-alloy-consensus = { version = "1.0.12", default-features = false }
-alloy-contract = { version = "1.0.12", default-features = false }
-alloy-eips = { version = "1.0.12", default-features = false }
-alloy-genesis = { version = "1.0.12", default-features = false }
-alloy-json-rpc = { version = "1.0.12", default-features = false }
-alloy-network = { version = "1.0.12", default-features = false }
-alloy-network-primitives = { version = "1.0.12", default-features = false }
-alloy-provider = { version = "1.0.12", features = ["reqwest"], default-features = false }
-alloy-pubsub = { version = "1.0.12", default-features = false }
-alloy-rpc-client = { version = "1.0.12", default-features = false }
-alloy-rpc-types = { version = "1.0.12", features = ["eth"], default-features = false }
-alloy-rpc-types-admin = { version = "1.0.12", default-features = false }
-alloy-rpc-types-anvil = { version = "1.0.12", default-features = false }
-alloy-rpc-types-beacon = { version = "1.0.12", default-features = false }
-alloy-rpc-types-debug = { version = "1.0.12", default-features = false }
-alloy-rpc-types-engine = { version = "1.0.12", default-features = false }
-alloy-rpc-types-eth = { version = "1.0.12", default-features = false }
-alloy-rpc-types-mev = { version = "1.0.12", default-features = false }
-alloy-rpc-types-trace = { version = "1.0.12", default-features = false }
-alloy-rpc-types-txpool = { version = "1.0.12", default-features = false }
-alloy-serde = { version = "1.0.12", default-features = false }
-alloy-signer = { version = "1.0.12", default-features = false }
-alloy-signer-local = { version = "1.0.12", default-features = false }
-alloy-transport = { version = "1.0.12" }
-alloy-transport-http = { version = "1.0.12", features = ["reqwest-rustls-tls"], default-features = false }
-alloy-transport-ipc = { version = "1.0.12", default-features = false }
-alloy-transport-ws = { version = "1.0.12", default-features = false }
+alloy-consensus = { version = "1.0.41", default-features = false }
+alloy-contract = { version = "1.0.41", default-features = false }
+alloy-eips = { version = "1.0.41", default-features = false }
+alloy-genesis = { version = "1.0.41", default-features = false }
+alloy-json-rpc = { version = "1.0.41", default-features = false }
+alloy-network = { version = "1.0.41", default-features = false }
+alloy-network-primitives = { version = "1.0.41", default-features = false }
+alloy-provider = { version = "1.0.41", features = ["reqwest"], default-features = false }
+alloy-pubsub = { version = "1.0.41", default-features = false }
+alloy-rpc-client = { version = "1.0.41", default-features = false }
+alloy-rpc-types = { version = "1.0.41", features = ["eth"], default-features = false }
+alloy-rpc-types-admin = { version = "1.0.41", default-features = false }
+alloy-rpc-types-anvil = { version = "1.0.41", default-features = false }
+alloy-rpc-types-beacon = { version = "1.0.41", default-features = false }
+alloy-rpc-types-debug = { version = "1.0.41", default-features = false }
+alloy-rpc-types-engine = { version = "1.0.41", default-features = false }
+alloy-rpc-types-eth = { version = "1.0.41", default-features = false }
+alloy-rpc-types-mev = { version = "1.0.41", default-features = false }
+alloy-rpc-types-trace = { version = "1.0.41", default-features = false }
+alloy-rpc-types-txpool = { version = "1.0.41", default-features = false }
+alloy-serde = { version = "1.0.41", default-features = false }
+alloy-signer = { version = "1.0.41", default-features = false }
+alloy-signer-local = { version = "1.0.41", default-features = false }
+alloy-transport = { version = "1.0.41" }
+alloy-transport-http = { version = "1.0.41", features = ["reqwest-rustls-tls"], default-features = false }
+alloy-transport-ipc = { version = "1.0.41", default-features = false }
+alloy-transport-ws = { version = "1.0.41", default-features = false }

 # op
-alloy-op-evm = { version = "0.12", default-features = false }
-alloy-op-hardforks = "0.2.2"
-op-alloy-rpc-types = { version = "0.18.6", default-features = false }
-op-alloy-rpc-types-engine = { version = "0.18.6", default-features = false }
-op-alloy-network = { version = "0.18.6", default-features = false }
-op-alloy-consensus = { version = "0.18.6", default-features = false }
-op-alloy-rpc-jsonrpsee = { version = "0.18.6", default-features = false }
+alloy-op-evm = { version = "0.23.0", default-features = false }
+alloy-op-hardforks = "0.4.4"
+op-alloy-rpc-types = { version = "0.22.0", default-features = false }
+op-alloy-rpc-types-engine = { version = "0.22.0", default-features = false }
+op-alloy-network = { version = "0.22.0", default-features = false }
+op-alloy-consensus = { version = "0.22.0", default-features = false }
+op-alloy-rpc-jsonrpsee = { version = "0.22.0", default-features = false }
 op-alloy-flz = { version = "0.13.1", default-features = false }

 # misc
+either = { version = "1.15.0", default-features = false }
+arrayvec = { version = "0.7.6", default-features = false }
 aquamarine = "0.6"
 auto_impl = "1"
 backon = { version = "1.2", default-features = false, features = ["std-blocking-sleep", "tokio-sleep"] }
 bincode = "1.3"
 bitflags = "2.4"
-blake3 = "1.5.5"
 boyer-moore-magiclen = "0.2.16"
 bytes = { version = "1.5", default-features = false }
+brotli = "8"
 cfg-if = "1.0"
 clap = "4"
 dashmap = "6.0"
@@ -531,7 +549,8 @@ dirs-next = "2.0.0"
 dyn-clone = "1.0.17"
 eyre = "0.6"
 fdlimit = "0.3.0"
-generic-array = "0.14"
+# pinned until downstream crypto libs migrate to 1.0 because 0.14.8 marks all types as deprecated
+generic-array = "=0.14.7"
 humantime = "2.1"
 humantime-serde = "1.1"
 itertools = { version = "0.14", default-features = false }
@@ -539,7 +558,7 @@ linked_hash_set = "0.1"
 lz4 = "1.28.1"
 modular-bitfield = "0.11.2"
 notify = { version = "8.0.0", default-features = false, features = ["macos_fsevent"] }
-nybbles = { version = "0.4.0", default-features = false }
+nybbles = { version = "0.4.2", default-features = false }
 once_cell = { version = "1.19", default-features = false, features = ["critical-section"] }
 parking_lot = "0.12"
 paste = "1.0"
@@ -552,6 +571,7 @@ serde_json = { version = "1.0", default-features = false, features = ["alloc"] }
 serde_with = { version = "3", default-features = false, features = ["macros"] }
 sha2 = { version = "0.10", default-features = false }
 shellexpand = "3.0.0"
+shlex = "1.3"
 smallvec = "1"
 strum = { version = "0.27", default-features = false }
 strum_macros = "0.27"
@@ -566,6 +586,7 @@ byteorder = "1"
 mini-moka = "0.10"
 tar-no-std = { version = "0.3.2", default-features = false }
 miniz_oxide = { version = "0.8.4", default-features = false }
+chrono = "0.4.41"

 # metrics
 metrics = "0.24.0"
@@ -581,9 +602,11 @@ quote = "1.0"
 # tokio
 tokio = { version = "1.44.2", default-features = false }
 tokio-stream = "0.1.11"
+tokio-tungstenite = "0.26.2"
 tokio-util = { version = "0.7.4", features = ["codec"] }

 # async
+async-compression = { version = "0.4", default-features = false }
 async-stream = "0.3"
 async-trait = "0.1.68"
 futures = "0.3"
@@ -598,15 +621,15 @@ tower = "0.5"
 tower-http = "0.6"

 # p2p
-discv5 = "0.9"
-if-addrs = "0.13"
+discv5 = "0.10"
+if-addrs = "0.14"

 # rpc
-jsonrpsee = "0.25.1"
-jsonrpsee-core = "0.25.1"
-jsonrpsee-server = "0.25.1"
-jsonrpsee-http-client = "0.25.1"
-jsonrpsee-types = "0.25.1"
+jsonrpsee = "0.26.0"
+jsonrpsee-core = "0.26.0"
+jsonrpsee-server = "0.26.0"
+jsonrpsee-http-client = "0.26.0"
+jsonrpsee-types = "0.26.0"

 # http
 http = "1.0"
@@ -623,11 +646,18 @@ secp256k1 = { version = "0.30", default-features = false, features = ["global-co
 rand_08 = { package = "rand", version = "0.8" }

 # for eip-4844
-c-kzg = "2.1.1"
+c-kzg = "2.1.5"

 # config
 toml = "0.8"

+# otlp obs
+opentelemetry_sdk = "0.31"
+opentelemetry = "0.31"
+opentelemetry-otlp = "0.31"
+opentelemetry-semantic-conventions = "0.31"
+tracing-opentelemetry = "0.32"
+
 # misc-testing
 arbitrary = "1.3"
 assert_matches = "1.5.0"
@@ -650,24 +680,19 @@ tikv-jemallocator = "0.6"
 tracy-client = "0.18.0"
 snmalloc-rs = { version = "0.3.7", features = ["build_cc"] }

-# TODO: When we build for a windows target on an ubuntu runner, crunchy tries to
-# get the wrong path, update this when the workflow has been updated
-#
-# See: https://github.com/eira-fransham/crunchy/issues/13
-crunchy = "=0.2.2"
 aes = "0.8.1"
 ahash = "0.8"
 anyhow = "1.0"
-bindgen = { version = "0.70", default-features = false }
+bindgen = { version = "0.71", default-features = false }
 block-padding = "0.3.2"
 cc = "=1.2.15"
 cipher = "0.4.3"
 comfy-table = "7.0"
 concat-kdf = "0.1.0"
-convert_case = "0.7.0"
 crossbeam-channel = "0.5.13"
 crossterm = "0.28.0"
 csv = "1.3.0"
+ctrlc = "3.4"
 ctr = "0.9.2"
 data-encoding = "2"
 delegate = "0.13"
@@ -705,34 +730,34 @@ visibility = "0.1.1"
 walkdir = "2.3.3"
 vergen-git2 = "1.0.5"

-[patch.crates-io]
-alloy-consensus = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "08fa016ed950b6e65f810fc9cdef7cf38fbc63f6" }
-alloy-contract = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "08fa016ed950b6e65f810fc9cdef7cf38fbc63f6" }
-alloy-eips = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "08fa016ed950b6e65f810fc9cdef7cf38fbc63f6" }
-alloy-genesis = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "08fa016ed950b6e65f810fc9cdef7cf38fbc63f6" }
-alloy-json-rpc = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "08fa016ed950b6e65f810fc9cdef7cf38fbc63f6" }
-alloy-network = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "08fa016ed950b6e65f810fc9cdef7cf38fbc63f6" }
-alloy-network-primitives = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "08fa016ed950b6e65f810fc9cdef7cf38fbc63f6" }
-alloy-provider = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "08fa016ed950b6e65f810fc9cdef7cf38fbc63f6" }
-alloy-pubsub = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "08fa016ed950b6e65f810fc9cdef7cf38fbc63f6" }
-alloy-rpc-client = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "08fa016ed950b6e65f810fc9cdef7cf38fbc63f6" }
-alloy-rpc-types = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "08fa016ed950b6e65f810fc9cdef7cf38fbc63f6" }
-alloy-rpc-types-admin = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "08fa016ed950b6e65f810fc9cdef7cf38fbc63f6" }
-alloy-rpc-types-anvil = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "08fa016ed950b6e65f810fc9cdef7cf38fbc63f6" }
-alloy-rpc-types-beacon = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "08fa016ed950b6e65f810fc9cdef7cf38fbc63f6" }
-alloy-rpc-types-debug = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "08fa016ed950b6e65f810fc9cdef7cf38fbc63f6" }
-alloy-rpc-types-engine = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "08fa016ed950b6e65f810fc9cdef7cf38fbc63f6" }
-alloy-rpc-types-eth = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "08fa016ed950b6e65f810fc9cdef7cf38fbc63f6" }
-alloy-rpc-types-mev = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "08fa016ed950b6e65f810fc9cdef7cf38fbc63f6" }
-alloy-rpc-types-trace = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "08fa016ed950b6e65f810fc9cdef7cf38fbc63f6" }
-alloy-rpc-types-txpool = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "08fa016ed950b6e65f810fc9cdef7cf38fbc63f6" }
-alloy-serde = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "08fa016ed950b6e65f810fc9cdef7cf38fbc63f6" }
-alloy-signer = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "08fa016ed950b6e65f810fc9cdef7cf38fbc63f6" }
-alloy-signer-local = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "08fa016ed950b6e65f810fc9cdef7cf38fbc63f6" }
-alloy-transport = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "08fa016ed950b6e65f810fc9cdef7cf38fbc63f6" }
-alloy-transport-http = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "08fa016ed950b6e65f810fc9cdef7cf38fbc63f6" }
-alloy-transport-ipc = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "08fa016ed950b6e65f810fc9cdef7cf38fbc63f6" }
-alloy-transport-ws = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "08fa016ed950b6e65f810fc9cdef7cf38fbc63f6" }
+# [patch.crates-io]
+# alloy-consensus = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "3049f232fbb44d1909883e154eb38ec5962f53a3" }
+# alloy-contract = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "3049f232fbb44d1909883e154eb38ec5962f53a3" }
+# alloy-eips = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "3049f232fbb44d1909883e154eb38ec5962f53a3" }
+# alloy-genesis = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "3049f232fbb44d1909883e154eb38ec5962f53a3" }
+# alloy-json-rpc = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "3049f232fbb44d1909883e154eb38ec5962f53a3" }
+# alloy-network = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "3049f232fbb44d1909883e154eb38ec5962f53a3" }
+# alloy-network-primitives = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "3049f232fbb44d1909883e154eb38ec5962f53a3" }
+# alloy-provider = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "3049f232fbb44d1909883e154eb38ec5962f53a3" }
+# alloy-pubsub = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "3049f232fbb44d1909883e154eb38ec5962f53a3" }
+# alloy-rpc-client = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "3049f232fbb44d1909883e154eb38ec5962f53a3" }
+# alloy-rpc-types = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "3049f232fbb44d1909883e154eb38ec5962f53a3" }
+# alloy-rpc-types-admin = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "3049f232fbb44d1909883e154eb38ec5962f53a3" }
+# alloy-rpc-types-anvil = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "3049f232fbb44d1909883e154eb38ec5962f53a3" }
+# alloy-rpc-types-beacon = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "3049f232fbb44d1909883e154eb38ec5962f53a3" }
+# alloy-rpc-types-debug = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "3049f232fbb44d1909883e154eb38ec5962f53a3" }
+# alloy-rpc-types-engine = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "3049f232fbb44d1909883e154eb38ec5962f53a3" }
+# alloy-rpc-types-eth = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "3049f232fbb44d1909883e154eb38ec5962f53a3" }
+# alloy-rpc-types-mev = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "3049f232fbb44d1909883e154eb38ec5962f53a3" }
+# alloy-rpc-types-trace = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "3049f232fbb44d1909883e154eb38ec5962f53a3" }
+# alloy-rpc-types-txpool = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "3049f232fbb44d1909883e154eb38ec5962f53a3" }
+# alloy-serde = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "3049f232fbb44d1909883e154eb38ec5962f53a3" }
+# alloy-signer = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "3049f232fbb44d1909883e154eb38ec5962f53a3" }
+# alloy-signer-local = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "3049f232fbb44d1909883e154eb38ec5962f53a3" }
+# alloy-transport = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "3049f232fbb44d1909883e154eb38ec5962f53a3" }
+# alloy-transport-http = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "3049f232fbb44d1909883e154eb38ec5962f53a3" }
+# alloy-transport-ipc = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "3049f232fbb44d1909883e154eb38ec5962f53a3" }
+# alloy-transport-ws = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "3049f232fbb44d1909883e154eb38ec5962f53a3" }

 # op-alloy-consensus = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/op-alloy", rev = "a79d6fc" }
 # op-alloy-network = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/op-alloy", rev = "a79d6fc" }
@@ -747,3 +772,6 @@ alloy-transport-ws = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "08fa016
 # jsonrpsee-server = { git = "https://github.com/paradigmxyz/jsonrpsee", branch = "matt/make-rpc-service-pub" }
 # jsonrpsee-http-client = { git = "https://github.com/paradigmxyz/jsonrpsee", branch = "matt/make-rpc-service-pub" }
 # jsonrpsee-types = { git = "https://github.com/paradigmxyz/jsonrpsee", branch = "matt/make-rpc-service-pub" }
+
+# alloy-evm = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/evm", rev = "a69f0b45a6b0286e16072cb8399e02ce6ceca353" }
+# alloy-op-evm = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/evm", rev = "a69f0b45a6b0286e16072cb8399e02ce6ceca353" }
--- a/2
+++ b/2
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ LABEL org.opencontainers.image.source=https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth
 LABEL org.opencontainers.image.licenses="MIT OR Apache-2.0"

 # Install system dependencies
-RUN apt-get update && apt-get -y upgrade && apt-get install -y libclang-dev pkg-config
+RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y libclang-dev pkg-config

 # Builds a cargo-chef plan
 FROM chef AS planner
--- a/Dockerfile.reproducible
+++ b/Dockerfile.reproducible
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-# Use the Rust 1.86 image based on Debian Bookworm
-FROM rust:1.86-bookworm AS builder
+# Use the Rust 1.88 image based on Debian Bookworm
+FROM rust:1.88-bookworm AS builder

 # Install specific version of libclang-dev
 RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y libclang-dev=1:14.0-55.7~deb12u1
--- a/Dockerfile.x86_64-pc-windows-gnu
+++ b/Dockerfile.x86_64-pc-windows-gnu
@@ -17,7 +17,13 @@ RUN apt-get update && apt-get install --assume-yes --no-install-recommends git

 RUN git clone https://github.com/cross-rs/cross /cross
 WORKDIR /cross/docker
-RUN git checkout 9e2298e17170655342d3248a9c8ac37ef92ba38f
+RUN git checkout baf457efc2555225af47963475bd70e8d2f5993f
+
+# xargo doesn't work with Rust 1.89 and higher: https://github.com/cross-rs/cross/issues/1701.
+#
+# When this PR https://github.com/cross-rs/cross/pull/1580 is merged,
+# we can update the checkout above and remove this replacement.
+RUN sed -i 's|sh rustup-init.sh -y --no-modify-path --profile minimal|sh rustup-init.sh -y --no-modify-path --profile minimal --default-toolchain=1.88.0|' xargo.sh

 RUN cp common.sh lib.sh / && /common.sh
 RUN cp cmake.sh / && /cmake.sh
--- a/11
+++ b/11
@@ -6,13 +6,13 @@ LABEL org.opencontainers.image.licenses="MIT OR Apache-2.0"

 RUN apt-get update && apt-get -y upgrade && apt-get install -y libclang-dev pkg-config

+# Builds a cargo-chef plan
 FROM chef AS planner
 COPY . .
 RUN cargo chef prepare --recipe-path recipe.json

 FROM chef AS builder
 COPY --from=planner /app/recipe.json recipe.json
-COPY . .

 ARG BUILD_PROFILE=release
 ENV BUILD_PROFILE=$BUILD_PROFILE
@@ -20,15 +20,18 @@ ENV BUILD_PROFILE=$BUILD_PROFILE
 ARG RUSTFLAGS=""
 ENV RUSTFLAGS="$RUSTFLAGS"

-RUN cargo chef cook --profile $BUILD_PROFILE --recipe-path recipe.json --manifest-path /app/crates/optimism/bin/Cargo.toml
+ARG FEATURES=""
+ENV FEATURES=$FEATURES
+
+RUN cargo chef cook --profile $BUILD_PROFILE --features "$FEATURES" --recipe-path recipe.json --manifest-path /app/crates/optimism/bin/Cargo.toml

 COPY . .
-RUN cargo build --profile $BUILD_PROFILE --bin op-reth --manifest-path /app/crates/optimism/bin/Cargo.toml
+RUN cargo build --profile $BUILD_PROFILE --features "$FEATURES" --bin op-reth --manifest-path /app/crates/optimism/bin/Cargo.toml

 RUN ls -la /app/target/$BUILD_PROFILE/op-reth
 RUN cp /app/target/$BUILD_PROFILE/op-reth /app/op-reth

-FROM ubuntu:22.04 AS runtime
+FROM ubuntu AS runtime

 RUN apt-get update && \
    apt-get install -y ca-certificates libssl-dev pkg-config strace && \
--- a/HARDFORK-CHECKLIST.md
+++ b/HARDFORK-CHECKLIST.md
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@

 Opstack tries to be as close to the L1 engine API as much as possible. Isthmus (Prague equivalent) introduced the first
 deviation from the L1 engine API with an additional field in the `ExecutionPayload`. For this reason the op engine API
-has it's own server traits `OpEngineApi`.
+has its own server traits `OpEngineApi`.
 Adding a new versioned endpoint requires the same changes as for L1 just for the dedicated OP types.

 ### Hardforks
--- a/42
+++ b/42
@@ -30,6 +30,11 @@ EF_TESTS_TAG := v17.0
 EF_TESTS_URL := https://github.com/ethereum/tests/archive/refs/tags/$(EF_TESTS_TAG).tar.gz
 EF_TESTS_DIR := ./testing/ef-tests/ethereum-tests

+# The release tag of https://github.com/ethereum/execution-spec-tests to use for EEST tests
+EEST_TESTS_TAG := v4.5.0
+EEST_TESTS_URL := https://github.com/ethereum/execution-spec-tests/releases/download/$(EEST_TESTS_TAG)/fixtures_stable.tar.gz
+EEST_TESTS_DIR := ./testing/ef-tests/execution-spec-tests
+
 # The docker image name
 DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME ?= ghcr.io/paradigmxyz/reth

@@ -42,14 +47,14 @@ help: ## Display this help.
 ##@ Build

 .PHONY: install
-install: ## Build and install the reth binary under `~/.cargo/bin`.
+install: ## Build and install the reth binary under `$(CARGO_HOME)/bin`.
 	cargo install --path bin/reth --bin reth --force --locked \
 		--features "$(FEATURES)" \
 		--profile "$(PROFILE)" \
 		$(CARGO_INSTALL_EXTRA_FLAGS)

 .PHONY: install-op
-install-op: ## Build and install the op-reth binary under `~/.cargo/bin`.
+install-op: ## Build and install the op-reth binary under `$(CARGO_HOME)/bin`.
 	cargo install --path crates/optimism/bin --bin op-reth --force --locked \
 		--features "$(FEATURES)" \
 		--profile "$(PROFILE)" \
@@ -202,9 +207,18 @@ $(EF_TESTS_DIR):
 	tar -xzf ethereum-tests.tar.gz --strip-components=1 -C $(EF_TESTS_DIR)
 	rm ethereum-tests.tar.gz

+# Downloads and unpacks EEST tests in the `$(EEST_TESTS_DIR)` directory.
+#
+# Requires `wget` and `tar`
+$(EEST_TESTS_DIR):
+	mkdir $(EEST_TESTS_DIR)
+	wget $(EEST_TESTS_URL) -O execution-spec-tests.tar.gz
+	tar -xzf execution-spec-tests.tar.gz --strip-components=1 -C $(EEST_TESTS_DIR)
+	rm execution-spec-tests.tar.gz
+
 .PHONY: ef-tests
-ef-tests: $(EF_TESTS_DIR) ## Runs Ethereum Foundation tests.
-	cargo nextest run -p ef-tests --features ef-tests
+ef-tests: $(EF_TESTS_DIR) $(EEST_TESTS_DIR) ## Runs Legacy and EEST tests.
+	cargo nextest run -p ef-tests --release --features ef-tests

 ##@ reth-bench

@@ -212,8 +226,8 @@ ef-tests: $(EF_TESTS_DIR) ## Runs Ethereum Foundation tests.
 reth-bench: ## Build the reth-bench binary into the `target` directory.
 	cargo build --manifest-path bin/reth-bench/Cargo.toml --features "$(FEATURES)" --profile "$(PROFILE)"

-.PHONY: install-reth-bech
-install-reth-bench: ## Build and install the reth binary under `~/.cargo/bin`.
+.PHONY: install-reth-bench
+install-reth-bench: ## Build and install the reth binary under `$(CARGO_HOME)/bin`.
 	cargo install --path bin/reth-bench --bin reth-bench --force --locked \
 		--features "$(FEATURES)" \
 		--profile "$(PROFILE)"
@@ -368,7 +382,7 @@ db-tools: ## Compile MDBX debugging tools.
 .PHONY: update-book-cli
 update-book-cli: build-debug ## Update book cli documentation.
 	@echo "Updating book cli doc..."
-	@./book/cli/update.sh $(CARGO_TARGET_DIR)/debug/reth
+	@./docs/cli/update.sh $(CARGO_TARGET_DIR)/debug/reth

 .PHONY: profiling
 profiling: ## Builds `reth` with optimisations, but also symbols.
@@ -415,12 +429,12 @@ clippy-op-dev:
 	--locked \
 	--all-features

-lint-codespell: ensure-codespell
-	codespell --skip "*.json" --skip "./testing/ef-tests/ethereum-tests"
+lint-typos: ensure-typos
+	typos

-ensure-codespell:
-	@if ! command -v codespell &> /dev/null; then \
-		echo "codespell not found. Please install it by running the command `pip install codespell` or refer to the following link for more information: https://github.com/codespell-project/codespell" \
+ensure-typos:
+	@if ! command -v typos &> /dev/null; then \
+		echo "typos not found. Please install it by running the command 'cargo install typos-cli' or refer to the following link for more information: https://github.com/crate-ci/typos"; \
 		exit 1; \
    fi

@@ -439,14 +453,14 @@ lint-toml: ensure-dprint

 ensure-dprint:
 	@if ! command -v dprint &> /dev/null; then \
-		echo "dprint not found. Please install it by running the command `cargo install --locked dprint` or refer to the following link for more information: https://github.com/dprint/dprint" \
+		echo "dprint not found. Please install it by running the command 'cargo install --locked dprint' or refer to the following link for more information: https://github.com/dprint/dprint"; \
 		exit 1; \
    fi

 lint:
 	make fmt && \
 	make clippy && \
-	make lint-codespell && \
+	make lint-typos && \
 	make lint-toml

 clippy-fix:
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 ![](./assets/reth-prod.png)

 **[Install](https://paradigmxyz.github.io/reth/installation/installation.html)**
-| [User Book](https://reth.rs)
+| [User Docs](https://reth.rs)
 | [Developer Docs](./docs)
 | [Crate Docs](https://reth.rs/docs)

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@

 ## What is Reth?

-Reth (short for Rust Ethereum, [pronunciation](https://twitter.com/kelvinfichter/status/1597653609411268608)) is a new Ethereum full node implementation that is focused on being user-friendly, highly modular, as well as being fast and efficient. Reth is an Execution Layer (EL) and is compatible with all Ethereum Consensus Layer (CL) implementations that support the [Engine API](https://github.com/ethereum/execution-apis/tree/a0d03086564ab1838b462befbc083f873dcf0c0f/src/engine). It is originally built and driven forward by [Paradigm](https://paradigm.xyz/), and is licensed under the Apache and MIT licenses.
+Reth (short for Rust Ethereum, [pronunciation](https://x.com/kelvinfichter/status/1597653609411268608)) is a new Ethereum full node implementation that is focused on being user-friendly, highly modular, as well as being fast and efficient. Reth is an Execution Layer (EL) and is compatible with all Ethereum Consensus Layer (CL) implementations that support the [Engine API](https://github.com/ethereum/execution-apis/tree/a0d03086564ab1838b462befbc083f873dcf0c0f/src/engine). It is originally built and driven forward by [Paradigm](https://paradigm.xyz/), and is licensed under the Apache and MIT licenses.

 ## Goals

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ As a full Ethereum node, Reth allows users to connect to the Ethereum network an
 More concretely, our goals are:

 1. **Modularity**: Every component of Reth is built to be used as a library: well-tested, heavily documented and benchmarked. We envision that developers will import the node's crates, mix and match, and innovate on top of them. Examples of such usage include but are not limited to spinning up standalone P2P networks, talking directly to a node's database, or "unbundling" the node into the components you need. To achieve that, we are licensing Reth under the Apache/MIT permissive license. You can learn more about the project's components [here](./docs/repo/layout.md).
-2. **Performance**: Reth aims to be fast, so we used Rust and the [Erigon staged-sync](https://erigon.substack.com/p/erigon-stage-sync-and-control-flows) node architecture. We also use our Ethereum libraries (including [Alloy](https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy/) and [revm](https://github.com/bluealloy/revm/)) which we’ve battle-tested and optimized via [Foundry](https://github.com/foundry-rs/foundry/).
+2. **Performance**: Reth aims to be fast, so we use Rust and the [Erigon staged-sync](https://erigon.substack.com/p/erigon-stage-sync-and-control-flows) node architecture. We also use our Ethereum libraries (including [Alloy](https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy/) and [revm](https://github.com/bluealloy/revm/)) which we've battle-tested and optimized via [Foundry](https://github.com/foundry-rs/foundry/).
 3. **Free for anyone to use any way they want**: Reth is free open source software, built for the community, by the community. By licensing the software under the Apache/MIT license, we want developers to use it without being bound by business licenses, or having to think about the implications of GPL-like licenses.
 4. **Client Diversity**: The Ethereum protocol becomes more antifragile when no node implementation dominates. This ensures that if there's a software bug, the network does not finalize a bad block. By building a new client, we hope to contribute to Ethereum's antifragility.
 5. **Support as many EVM chains as possible**: We aspire that Reth can full-sync not only Ethereum, but also other chains like Optimism, Polygon, BNB Smart Chain, and more. If you're working on any of these projects, please reach out.
@@ -40,17 +40,18 @@ More concretely, our goals are:
 Reth is production ready, and suitable for usage in mission-critical environments such as staking or high-uptime services. We also actively recommend professional node operators to switch to Reth in production for performance and cost reasons in use cases where high performance with great margins is required such as RPC, MEV, Indexing, Simulations, and P2P activities.

 More historical context below:
-* We released 1.0 "production-ready" stable Reth in June 2024.
-    * Reth completed an audit with [Sigma Prime](https://sigmaprime.io/), the developers of [Lighthouse](https://github.com/sigp/lighthouse), the Rust Consensus Layer implementation. Find it [here](./audit/sigma_prime_audit_v2.pdf).
-    * Revm (the EVM used in Reth) underwent an audit with [Guido Vranken](https://twitter.com/guidovranken) (#1 [Ethereum Bug Bounty](https://ethereum.org/en/bug-bounty)). We will publish the results soon.
-* We released multiple iterative beta versions, up to [beta.9](https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/releases/tag/v0.2.0-beta.9) on Monday June 3rd 2024 the last beta release.
-* We released [beta](https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/releases/tag/v0.2.0-beta.1) on Monday March 4th 2024, our first breaking change to the database model, providing faster query speed, smaller database footprint, and allowing "history" to be mounted on separate drives.
-* We shipped iterative improvements until the last alpha release on February 28th 2024, [0.1.0-alpha.21](https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/releases/tag/v0.1.0-alpha.21).
-* We [initially announced](https://www.paradigm.xyz/2023/06/reth-alpha) [0.1.0-alpha.1](https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/releases/tag/v0.1.0-alpha.1) in June 20th 2023.
+
+-   We released 1.0 "production-ready" stable Reth in June 2024.
+    -   Reth completed an audit with [Sigma Prime](https://sigmaprime.io/), the developers of [Lighthouse](https://github.com/sigp/lighthouse), the Rust Consensus Layer implementation. Find it [here](./audit/sigma_prime_audit_v2.pdf).
+    -   Revm (the EVM used in Reth) underwent an audit with [Guido Vranken](https://x.com/guidovranken) (#1 [Ethereum Bug Bounty](https://ethereum.org/en/bug-bounty)). We will publish the results soon.
+-   We released multiple iterative beta versions, up to [beta.9](https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/releases/tag/v0.2.0-beta.9) on Monday June 3, 2024,the last beta release.
+-   We released [beta](https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/releases/tag/v0.2.0-beta.1) on Monday March 4, 2024, our first breaking change to the database model, providing faster query speed, smaller database footprint, and allowing "history" to be mounted on separate drives.
+-   We shipped iterative improvements until the last alpha release on February 28, 2024, [0.1.0-alpha.21](https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/releases/tag/v0.1.0-alpha.21).
+-   We [initially announced](https://www.paradigm.xyz/2023/06/reth-alpha) [0.1.0-alpha.1](https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/releases/tag/v0.1.0-alpha.1) on June 20, 2023.

 ### Database compatibility

-We do not have any breaking database changes since beta.1, and do not plan any in the near future.
+We do not have any breaking database changes since beta.1, and we do not plan any in the near future.

 Reth [v0.2.0-beta.1](https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/releases/tag/v0.2.0-beta.1) includes
 a [set of breaking database changes](https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/pull/5191) that makes it impossible to use database files produced by earlier versions.
@@ -60,7 +61,7 @@ If you had a database produced by alpha versions of Reth, you need to drop it wi

 ## For Users

-See the [Reth Book](https://paradigmxyz.github.io/reth) for instructions on how to install and run Reth.
+See the [Reth documentation](https://reth.rs/) for instructions on how to install and run Reth.

 ## For Developers

@@ -68,7 +69,7 @@ See the [Reth Book](https://paradigmxyz.github.io/reth) for instructions on how

 You can use individual crates of reth in your project.

-The crate docs can be found [here](https://paradigmxyz.github.io/reth/docs).
+The crate docs can be found [here](https://reth.rs/docs/).

 For a general overview of the crates, see [Project Layout](./docs/repo/layout.md).

@@ -76,21 +77,20 @@ For a general overview of the crates, see [Project Layout](./docs/repo/layout.md

 If you want to contribute, or follow along with contributor discussion, you can use our [main telegram](https://t.me/paradigm_reth) to chat with us about the development of Reth!

- Our contributor guidelines can be found in [`CONTRIBUTING.md`](./CONTRIBUTING.md).
- See our [contributor docs](./docs) for more information on the project. A good starting point is [Project Layout](./docs/repo/layout.md).
+-   Our contributor guidelines can be found in [`CONTRIBUTING.md`](./CONTRIBUTING.md).
+-   See our [contributor docs](./docs) for more information on the project. A good starting point is [Project Layout](./docs/repo/layout.md).

 ### Building and testing

 <!--
 When updating this, also update:
- clippy.toml
 - Cargo.toml
 - .github/workflows/lint.yml
 -->

-The Minimum Supported Rust Version (MSRV) of this project is [1.86.0](https://blog.rust-lang.org/2025/04/03/Rust-1.86.0/).
+The Minimum Supported Rust Version (MSRV) of this project is [1.88.0](https://blog.rust-lang.org/2025/06/26/Rust-1.88.0/).

-See the book for detailed instructions on how to [build from source](https://paradigmxyz.github.io/reth/installation/source.html).
+See the docs for detailed instructions on how to [build from source](https://reth.rs/installation/source/).

 To fully test Reth, you will need to have [Geth installed](https://geth.ethereum.org/docs/getting-started/installing-geth), but it is possible to run a subset of tests without Geth.

@@ -119,13 +119,13 @@ Using `cargo test` to run tests may work fine, but this is not tested and does n

 ## Getting Help

-If you have any questions, first see if the answer to your question can be found in the [book][book].
+If you have any questions, first see if the answer to your question can be found in the [docs][book].

 If the answer is not there:

- Join the [Telegram][tg-url] to get help, or
- Open a [discussion](https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/discussions/new) with your question, or
- Open an issue with [the bug](https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/issues/new?assignees=&labels=C-bug%2CS-needs-triage&projects=&template=bug.yml)
+-   Join the [Telegram][tg-url] to get help, or
+-   Open a [discussion](https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/discussions/new) with your question, or
+-   Open an issue with [the bug](https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/issues/new?assignees=&labels=C-bug%2CS-needs-triage&projects=&template=bug.yml)

 ## Security

@@ -137,13 +137,13 @@ Reth is a new implementation of the Ethereum protocol. In the process of develop

 None of this would have been possible without them, so big shoutout to the teams below:

- [Geth](https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/): We would like to express our heartfelt gratitude to the go-ethereum team for their outstanding contributions to Ethereum over the years. Their tireless efforts and dedication have helped to shape the Ethereum ecosystem and make it the vibrant and innovative community it is today. Thank you for your hard work and commitment to the project.
- [Erigon](https://github.com/ledgerwatch/erigon) (fka Turbo-Geth): Erigon pioneered the ["Staged Sync" architecture](https://erigon.substack.com/p/erigon-stage-sync-and-control-flows) that Reth is using, as well as [introduced MDBX](https://github.com/ledgerwatch/erigon/wiki/Choice-of-storage-engine) as the database of choice. We thank Erigon for pushing the state of the art research on the performance limits of Ethereum nodes.
- [Akula](https://github.com/akula-bft/akula/): Reth uses forks of the Apache versions of Akula's [MDBX Bindings](https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/pull/132), [FastRLP](https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/pull/63) and [ECIES](https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/pull/80) . Given that these packages were already released under the Apache License, and they implement standardized solutions, we decided not to reimplement them to iterate faster. We thank the Akula team for their contributions to the Rust Ethereum ecosystem and for publishing these packages.
+-   [Geth](https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/): We would like to express our heartfelt gratitude to the go-ethereum team for their outstanding contributions to Ethereum over the years. Their tireless efforts and dedication have helped to shape the Ethereum ecosystem and make it the vibrant and innovative community it is today. Thank you for your hard work and commitment to the project.
+-   [Erigon](https://github.com/ledgerwatch/erigon) (fka Turbo-Geth): Erigon pioneered the ["Staged Sync" architecture](https://erigon.substack.com/p/erigon-stage-sync-and-control-flows) that Reth is using, as well as [introduced MDBX](https://github.com/ledgerwatch/erigon/wiki/Choice-of-storage-engine) as the database of choice. We thank Erigon for pushing the state of the art research on the performance limits of Ethereum nodes.
+-   [Akula](https://github.com/akula-bft/akula/): Reth uses forks of the Apache versions of Akula's [MDBX Bindings](https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/pull/132), [FastRLP](https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/pull/63) and [ECIES](https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/pull/80). Given that these packages were already released under the Apache License, and they implement standardized solutions, we decided not to reimplement them to iterate faster. We thank the Akula team for their contributions to the Rust Ethereum ecosystem and for publishing these packages.

 ## Warning

 The `NippyJar` and `Compact` encoding formats and their implementations are designed for storing and retrieving data internally. They are not hardened to safely read potentially malicious data.

-[book]: https://paradigmxyz.github.io/reth/
+[book]: https://reth.rs/
 [tg-url]: https://t.me/paradigm_reth
--- a/bin/reth-bench-compare/Cargo.toml
+++ b/bin/reth-bench-compare/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+[package]
+name = "reth-bench-compare"
+version.workspace = true
+edition.workspace = true
+rust-version.workspace = true
+license.workspace = true
+homepage.workspace = true
+repository.workspace = true
+description = "Automated reth benchmark comparison between git references"
+
+[lints]
+workspace = true
+
+[[bin]]
+name = "reth-bench-compare"
+path = "src/main.rs"
+
+[dependencies]
+# reth
+reth-cli-runner.workspace = true
+reth-cli-util.workspace = true
+reth-node-core.workspace = true
+reth-tracing.workspace = true
+reth-chainspec.workspace = true
+
+# alloy
+alloy-provider = { workspace = true, features = ["reqwest-rustls-tls"], default-features = false }
+alloy-rpc-types-eth.workspace = true
+alloy-primitives.workspace = true
+
+# CLI and argument parsing
+clap = { workspace = true, features = ["derive", "env"] }
+eyre.workspace = true
+
+# Async runtime
+tokio = { workspace = true, features = ["full"] }
+tracing.workspace = true
+
+# Serialization
+serde = { workspace = true, features = ["derive"] }
+serde_json.workspace = true
+
+# Time handling
+chrono = { workspace = true, features = ["serde"] }
+
+# Path manipulation
+shellexpand.workspace = true
+
+# CSV handling
+csv.workspace = true
+
+# Process management
+ctrlc.workspace = true
+shlex.workspace = true
+
+[target.'cfg(unix)'.dependencies]
+nix = { version = "0.29", features = ["signal", "process"] }
+
+[features]
+default = ["jemalloc"]
+
+asm-keccak = [
+    "reth-node-core/asm-keccak",
+    "alloy-primitives/asm-keccak",
+]
+
+jemalloc = [
+    "reth-cli-util/jemalloc",
+    "reth-node-core/jemalloc",
+]
+jemalloc-prof = ["reth-cli-util/jemalloc-prof"]
+tracy-allocator = ["reth-cli-util/tracy-allocator"]
+
+min-error-logs = [
+    "tracing/release_max_level_error",
+    "reth-node-core/min-error-logs",
+]
+min-warn-logs = [
+    "tracing/release_max_level_warn",
+    "reth-node-core/min-warn-logs",
+]
+min-info-logs = [
+    "tracing/release_max_level_info",
+    "reth-node-core/min-info-logs",
+]
+min-debug-logs = [
+    "tracing/release_max_level_debug",
+    "reth-node-core/min-debug-logs",
+]
+min-trace-logs = [
+    "tracing/release_max_level_trace",
+    "reth-node-core/min-trace-logs",
+]
+
+# no-op feature flag for switching between the `optimism` and default functionality in CI matrices
+ethereum = []
--- a/bin/reth-bench-compare/src/benchmark.rs
+++ b/bin/reth-bench-compare/src/benchmark.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,296 @@
+//! Benchmark execution using reth-bench.
+
+use crate::cli::Args;
+use eyre::{eyre, Result, WrapErr};
+use std::{
+    path::Path,
+    sync::{Arc, Mutex},
+};
+use tokio::{
+    fs::File as AsyncFile,
+    io::{AsyncBufReadExt, AsyncWriteExt, BufReader},
+    process::Command,
+};
+use tracing::{debug, error, info, warn};
+
+/// Manages benchmark execution using reth-bench
+pub(crate) struct BenchmarkRunner {
+    rpc_url: String,
+    jwt_secret: String,
+    wait_time: Option<String>,
+    warmup_blocks: u64,
+}
+
+impl BenchmarkRunner {
+    /// Create a new `BenchmarkRunner` from CLI arguments
+    pub(crate) fn new(args: &Args) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            rpc_url: args.get_rpc_url(),
+            jwt_secret: args.jwt_secret_path().to_string_lossy().to_string(),
+            wait_time: args.wait_time.clone(),
+            warmup_blocks: args.get_warmup_blocks(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Clear filesystem caches (page cache, dentries, and inodes)
+    pub(crate) async fn clear_fs_caches() -> Result<()> {
+        info!("Clearing filesystem caches...");
+
+        // First sync to ensure all pending writes are flushed
+        let sync_output =
+            Command::new("sync").output().await.wrap_err("Failed to execute sync command")?;
+
+        if !sync_output.status.success() {
+            return Err(eyre!("sync command failed"));
+        }
+
+        // Drop caches - requires sudo/root permissions
+        // 3 = drop pagecache, dentries, and inodes
+        let drop_caches_cmd = Command::new("sudo")
+            .args(["-n", "sh", "-c", "echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches"])
+            .output()
+            .await;
+
+        match drop_caches_cmd {
+            Ok(output) if output.status.success() => {
+                info!("Successfully cleared filesystem caches");
+                Ok(())
+            }
+            Ok(output) => {
+                let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
+                if stderr.contains("sudo: a password is required") {
+                    warn!("Unable to clear filesystem caches: sudo password required");
+                    warn!(
+                        "For optimal benchmarking, configure passwordless sudo for cache clearing:"
+                    );
+                    warn!("  echo '$USER ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /bin/sh -c echo\\\\ [0-9]\\\\ \\\\>\\\\ /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches' | sudo tee /etc/sudoers.d/drop_caches");
+                    Ok(())
+                } else {
+                    Err(eyre!("Failed to clear filesystem caches: {}", stderr))
+                }
+            }
+            Err(e) => {
+                warn!("Unable to clear filesystem caches: {}", e);
+                Ok(())
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Run a warmup benchmark for cache warming
+    pub(crate) async fn run_warmup(&self, from_block: u64) -> Result<()> {
+        let to_block = from_block + self.warmup_blocks;
+        info!(
+            "Running warmup benchmark from block {} to {} ({} blocks)",
+            from_block, to_block, self.warmup_blocks
+        );
+
+        // Build the reth-bench command for warmup (no output flag)
+        let mut cmd = Command::new("reth-bench");
+        cmd.args([
+            "new-payload-fcu",
+            "--rpc-url",
+            &self.rpc_url,
+            "--jwt-secret",
+            &self.jwt_secret,
+            "--from",
+            &from_block.to_string(),
+            "--to",
+            &to_block.to_string(),
+        ]);
+
+        // Add wait-time argument if provided
+        if let Some(ref wait_time) = self.wait_time {
+            cmd.args(["--wait-time", wait_time]);
+        }
+
+        cmd.stdout(std::process::Stdio::piped())
+            .stderr(std::process::Stdio::piped())
+            .kill_on_drop(true);
+
+        // Set process group for consistent signal handling
+        #[cfg(unix)]
+        {
+            cmd.process_group(0);
+        }
+
+        debug!("Executing warmup reth-bench command: {:?}", cmd);
+
+        // Execute the warmup benchmark
+        let mut child = cmd.spawn().wrap_err("Failed to start warmup reth-bench process")?;
+
+        // Stream output at debug level
+        if let Some(stdout) = child.stdout.take() {
+            tokio::spawn(async move {
+                let reader = BufReader::new(stdout);
+                let mut lines = reader.lines();
+                while let Ok(Some(line)) = lines.next_line().await {
+                    debug!("[WARMUP] {}", line);
+                }
+            });
+        }
+
+        if let Some(stderr) = child.stderr.take() {
+            tokio::spawn(async move {
+                let reader = BufReader::new(stderr);
+                let mut lines = reader.lines();
+                while let Ok(Some(line)) = lines.next_line().await {
+                    debug!("[WARMUP] {}", line);
+                }
+            });
+        }
+
+        let status = child.wait().await.wrap_err("Failed to wait for warmup reth-bench")?;
+
+        if !status.success() {
+            return Err(eyre!("Warmup reth-bench failed with exit code: {:?}", status.code()));
+        }
+
+        info!("Warmup completed successfully");
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Run a benchmark for the specified block range
+    pub(crate) async fn run_benchmark(
+        &self,
+        from_block: u64,
+        to_block: u64,
+        output_dir: &Path,
+    ) -> Result<()> {
+        info!(
+            "Running benchmark from block {} to {} (output: {:?})",
+            from_block, to_block, output_dir
+        );
+
+        // Ensure output directory exists
+        std::fs::create_dir_all(output_dir)
+            .wrap_err_with(|| format!("Failed to create output directory: {output_dir:?}"))?;
+
+        // Create log file path for reth-bench output
+        let log_file_path = output_dir.join("reth_bench.log");
+        info!("reth-bench logs will be saved to: {:?}", log_file_path);
+
+        // Build the reth-bench command
+        let mut cmd = Command::new("reth-bench");
+        cmd.args([
+            "new-payload-fcu",
+            "--rpc-url",
+            &self.rpc_url,
+            "--jwt-secret",
+            &self.jwt_secret,
+            "--from",
+            &from_block.to_string(),
+            "--to",
+            &to_block.to_string(),
+            "--output",
+            &output_dir.to_string_lossy(),
+        ]);
+
+        // Add wait-time argument if provided
+        if let Some(ref wait_time) = self.wait_time {
+            cmd.args(["--wait-time", wait_time]);
+        }
+
+        cmd.stdout(std::process::Stdio::piped())
+            .stderr(std::process::Stdio::piped())
+            .kill_on_drop(true);
+
+        // Set process group for consistent signal handling
+        #[cfg(unix)]
+        {
+            cmd.process_group(0);
+        }
+
+        // Debug log the command
+        debug!("Executing reth-bench command: {:?}", cmd);
+
+        // Execute the benchmark
+        let mut child = cmd.spawn().wrap_err("Failed to start reth-bench process")?;
+
+        // Capture stdout and stderr for error reporting
+        let stdout_lines = Arc::new(Mutex::new(Vec::new()));
+        let stderr_lines = Arc::new(Mutex::new(Vec::new()));
+
+        // Stream stdout with prefix at debug level, capture for error reporting, and write to log
+        // file
+        if let Some(stdout) = child.stdout.take() {
+            let stdout_lines_clone = stdout_lines.clone();
+            let log_file = AsyncFile::create(&log_file_path)
+                .await
+                .wrap_err(format!("Failed to create log file: {:?}", log_file_path))?;
+            tokio::spawn(async move {
+                let reader = BufReader::new(stdout);
+                let mut lines = reader.lines();
+                let mut log_file = log_file;
+                while let Ok(Some(line)) = lines.next_line().await {
+                    debug!("[RETH-BENCH] {}", line);
+                    if let Ok(mut captured) = stdout_lines_clone.lock() {
+                        captured.push(line.clone());
+                    }
+                    // Write to log file (reth-bench output already has timestamps if needed)
+                    let log_line = format!("{}\n", line);
+                    if let Err(e) = log_file.write_all(log_line.as_bytes()).await {
+                        debug!("Failed to write to log file: {}", e);
+                    }
+                }
+            });
+        }
+
+        // Stream stderr with prefix at debug level, capture for error reporting, and write to log
+        // file
+        if let Some(stderr) = child.stderr.take() {
+            let stderr_lines_clone = stderr_lines.clone();
+            let log_file = AsyncFile::options()
+                .create(true)
+                .append(true)
+                .open(&log_file_path)
+                .await
+                .wrap_err(format!("Failed to open log file for stderr: {:?}", log_file_path))?;
+            tokio::spawn(async move {
+                let reader = BufReader::new(stderr);
+                let mut lines = reader.lines();
+                let mut log_file = log_file;
+                while let Ok(Some(line)) = lines.next_line().await {
+                    debug!("[RETH-BENCH] {}", line);
+                    if let Ok(mut captured) = stderr_lines_clone.lock() {
+                        captured.push(line.clone());
+                    }
+                    // Write to log file (reth-bench output already has timestamps if needed)
+                    let log_line = format!("{}\n", line);
+                    if let Err(e) = log_file.write_all(log_line.as_bytes()).await {
+                        debug!("Failed to write to log file: {}", e);
+                    }
+                }
+            });
+        }
+
+        let status = child.wait().await.wrap_err("Failed to wait for reth-bench")?;
+
+        if !status.success() {
+            // Print all captured output when command fails
+            error!("reth-bench failed with exit code: {:?}", status.code());
+
+            if let Ok(stdout) = stdout_lines.lock() &&
+                !stdout.is_empty()
+            {
+                error!("reth-bench stdout:");
+                for line in stdout.iter() {
+                    error!("  {}", line);
+                }
+            }
+
+            if let Ok(stderr) = stderr_lines.lock() &&
+                !stderr.is_empty()
+            {
+                error!("reth-bench stderr:");
+                for line in stderr.iter() {
+                    error!("  {}", line);
+                }
+            }
+
+            return Err(eyre!("reth-bench failed with exit code: {:?}", status.code()));
+        }
+
+        info!("Benchmark completed");
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
--- a/bin/reth-bench-compare/src/cli.rs
+++ b/bin/reth-bench-compare/src/cli.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,931 @@
+//! CLI argument parsing and main command orchestration.
+
+use alloy_provider::{Provider, ProviderBuilder};
+use clap::Parser;
+use eyre::{eyre, Result, WrapErr};
+use reth_chainspec::Chain;
+use reth_cli_runner::CliContext;
+use reth_node_core::args::{DatadirArgs, LogArgs};
+use reth_tracing::FileWorkerGuard;
+use std::{net::TcpListener, path::PathBuf, str::FromStr};
+use tokio::process::Command;
+use tracing::{debug, info, warn};
+
+use crate::{
+    benchmark::BenchmarkRunner, comparison::ComparisonGenerator, compilation::CompilationManager,
+    git::GitManager, node::NodeManager,
+};
+
+/// Target for disabling the --debug.startup-sync-state-idle flag
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub(crate) enum DisableStartupSyncStateIdle {
+    /// Disable for baseline and warmup runs
+    Baseline,
+    /// Disable for feature runs only
+    Feature,
+    /// Disable for all runs
+    All,
+}
+
+impl FromStr for DisableStartupSyncStateIdle {
+    type Err = String;
+
+    fn from_str(s: &str) -> std::result::Result<Self, Self::Err> {
+        match s.to_lowercase().as_str() {
+            "baseline" => Ok(Self::Baseline),
+            "feature" => Ok(Self::Feature),
+            "all" => Ok(Self::All),
+            _ => Err(format!("Invalid value '{}'. Expected 'baseline', 'feature', or 'all'", s)),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl std::fmt::Display for DisableStartupSyncStateIdle {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        match self {
+            Self::Baseline => write!(f, "baseline"),
+            Self::Feature => write!(f, "feature"),
+            Self::All => write!(f, "all"),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Automated reth benchmark comparison between git references
+#[derive(Debug, Parser)]
+#[command(
+    name = "reth-bench-compare",
+    about = "Compare reth performance between two git references (branches or tags)",
+    version
+)]
+pub(crate) struct Args {
+    /// Git reference (branch or tag) to use as baseline for comparison
+    #[arg(long, value_name = "REF")]
+    pub baseline_ref: String,
+
+    /// Git reference (branch or tag) to compare against the baseline
+    #[arg(long, value_name = "REF")]
+    pub feature_ref: String,
+
+    #[command(flatten)]
+    pub datadir: DatadirArgs,
+
+    /// Number of blocks to benchmark
+    #[arg(long, value_name = "N", default_value = "100")]
+    pub blocks: u64,
+
+    /// RPC endpoint for fetching block data
+    #[arg(long, value_name = "URL")]
+    pub rpc_url: Option<String>,
+
+    /// JWT secret file path
+    ///
+    /// If not provided, defaults to `<datadir>/<chain>/jwt.hex`.
+    /// If the file doesn't exist, it will be created automatically.
+    #[arg(long, value_name = "PATH")]
+    pub jwt_secret: Option<PathBuf>,
+
+    /// Output directory for benchmark results
+    #[arg(long, value_name = "PATH", default_value = "./reth-bench-compare")]
+    pub output_dir: String,
+
+    /// Skip git branch validation (useful for testing)
+    #[arg(long)]
+    pub skip_git_validation: bool,
+
+    /// Port for reth metrics endpoint
+    #[arg(long, value_name = "PORT", default_value = "5005")]
+    pub metrics_port: u16,
+
+    /// The chain this node is running.
+    ///
+    /// Possible values are either a built-in chain name or numeric chain ID.
+    #[arg(long, value_name = "CHAIN", default_value = "mainnet", required = false)]
+    pub chain: Chain,
+
+    /// Run reth binary with sudo (for elevated privileges)
+    #[arg(long)]
+    pub sudo: bool,
+
+    /// Generate comparison charts using Python script
+    #[arg(long)]
+    pub draw: bool,
+
+    /// Enable CPU profiling with samply during benchmark runs
+    #[arg(long)]
+    pub profile: bool,
+
+    /// Wait time between engine API calls (passed to reth-bench)
+    #[arg(long, value_name = "DURATION")]
+    pub wait_time: Option<String>,
+
+    /// Number of blocks to run for cache warmup after clearing caches.
+    /// If not specified, defaults to the same as --blocks
+    #[arg(long, value_name = "N")]
+    pub warmup_blocks: Option<u64>,
+
+    /// Disable filesystem cache clearing before warmup phase.
+    /// By default, filesystem caches are cleared before warmup to ensure consistent benchmarks.
+    #[arg(long)]
+    pub no_clear_cache: bool,
+
+    #[command(flatten)]
+    pub logs: LogArgs,
+
+    /// Additional arguments to pass to baseline reth node command
+    ///
+    /// Example: `--baseline-args "--debug.tip 0xabc..."`
+    #[arg(long, value_name = "ARGS")]
+    pub baseline_args: Option<String>,
+
+    /// Additional arguments to pass to feature reth node command
+    ///
+    /// Example: `--feature-args "--debug.tip 0xdef..."`
+    #[arg(long, value_name = "ARGS")]
+    pub feature_args: Option<String>,
+
+    /// Additional arguments to pass to reth node command (applied to both baseline and feature)
+    ///
+    /// All arguments after `--` will be passed directly to the reth node command.
+    /// Example: `reth-bench-compare --baseline-ref main --feature-ref pr/123 -- --debug.tip
+    /// 0xabc...`
+    #[arg(trailing_var_arg = true, allow_hyphen_values = true)]
+    pub reth_args: Vec<String>,
+
+    /// Comma-separated list of features to enable during reth compilation
+    ///
+    /// Example: `jemalloc,asm-keccak`
+    #[arg(long, value_name = "FEATURES", default_value = "jemalloc,asm-keccak")]
+    pub features: String,
+
+    /// Disable automatic --debug.startup-sync-state-idle flag for specific runs.
+    /// Can be "baseline", "feature", or "all".
+    /// By default, the flag is passed to warmup, baseline, and feature runs.
+    /// When "baseline" is specified, the flag is NOT passed to warmup OR baseline.
+    /// When "feature" is specified, the flag is NOT passed to feature.
+    /// When "all" is specified, the flag is NOT passed to any run.
+    #[arg(long, value_name = "TARGET")]
+    pub disable_startup_sync_state_idle: Option<DisableStartupSyncStateIdle>,
+}
+
+impl Args {
+    /// Initializes tracing with the configured options.
+    pub(crate) fn init_tracing(&self) -> Result<Option<FileWorkerGuard>> {
+        let guard = self.logs.init_tracing()?;
+        Ok(guard)
+    }
+
+    /// Build additional arguments for a specific ref type, conditionally including
+    /// --debug.startup-sync-state-idle based on the configuration
+    pub(crate) fn build_additional_args(
+        &self,
+        ref_type: &str,
+        base_args_str: Option<&String>,
+    ) -> Vec<String> {
+        // Parse the base arguments string if provided
+        let mut args = base_args_str.map(|s| parse_args_string(s)).unwrap_or_default();
+
+        // Determine if we should add the --debug.startup-sync-state-idle flag
+        let should_add_flag = match self.disable_startup_sync_state_idle {
+            None => true, // By default, add the flag
+            Some(DisableStartupSyncStateIdle::All) => false,
+            Some(DisableStartupSyncStateIdle::Baseline) => {
+                ref_type != "baseline" && ref_type != "warmup"
+            }
+            Some(DisableStartupSyncStateIdle::Feature) => ref_type != "feature",
+        };
+
+        if should_add_flag {
+            args.push("--debug.startup-sync-state-idle".to_string());
+            debug!("Adding --debug.startup-sync-state-idle flag for ref_type: {}", ref_type);
+        } else {
+            debug!("Skipping --debug.startup-sync-state-idle flag for ref_type: {}", ref_type);
+        }
+
+        args
+    }
+
+    /// Get the default RPC URL for a given chain
+    const fn get_default_rpc_url(chain: &Chain) -> &'static str {
+        match chain.id() {
+            8453 => "https://base-mainnet.rpc.ithaca.xyz",  // base
+            84532 => "https://base-sepolia.rpc.ithaca.xyz", // base-sepolia
+            27082 => "https://rpc.hoodi.ethpandaops.io",    // hoodi
+            _ => "https://reth-ethereum.ithaca.xyz/rpc",    // mainnet and fallback
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Get the RPC URL, using chain-specific default if not provided
+    pub(crate) fn get_rpc_url(&self) -> String {
+        self.rpc_url.clone().unwrap_or_else(|| Self::get_default_rpc_url(&self.chain).to_string())
+    }
+
+    /// Get the JWT secret path - either provided or derived from datadir
+    pub(crate) fn jwt_secret_path(&self) -> PathBuf {
+        match &self.jwt_secret {
+            Some(path) => {
+                let jwt_secret_str = path.to_string_lossy();
+                let expanded = shellexpand::tilde(&jwt_secret_str);
+                PathBuf::from(expanded.as_ref())
+            }
+            None => {
+                // Use the same logic as reth: <datadir>/<chain>/jwt.hex
+                let chain_path = self.datadir.clone().resolve_datadir(self.chain);
+                chain_path.jwt()
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Get the resolved datadir path using the chain
+    pub(crate) fn datadir_path(&self) -> PathBuf {
+        let chain_path = self.datadir.clone().resolve_datadir(self.chain);
+        chain_path.data_dir().to_path_buf()
+    }
+
+    /// Get the expanded output directory path
+    pub(crate) fn output_dir_path(&self) -> PathBuf {
+        let expanded = shellexpand::tilde(&self.output_dir);
+        PathBuf::from(expanded.as_ref())
+    }
+
+    /// Get the effective warmup blocks value - either specified or defaults to blocks
+    pub(crate) fn get_warmup_blocks(&self) -> u64 {
+        self.warmup_blocks.unwrap_or(self.blocks)
+    }
+}
+
+/// Validate that the RPC endpoint chain ID matches the specified chain
+async fn validate_rpc_chain_id(rpc_url: &str, expected_chain: &Chain) -> Result<()> {
+    // Create Alloy provider
+    let url = rpc_url.parse().map_err(|e| eyre!("Invalid RPC URL '{}': {}", rpc_url, e))?;
+    let provider = ProviderBuilder::new().connect_http(url);
+
+    // Query chain ID using Alloy
+    let rpc_chain_id = provider
+        .get_chain_id()
+        .await
+        .map_err(|e| eyre!("Failed to get chain ID from RPC endpoint {}: {:?}", rpc_url, e))?;
+
+    let expected_chain_id = expected_chain.id();
+
+    if rpc_chain_id != expected_chain_id {
+        return Err(eyre!(
+            "RPC endpoint chain ID mismatch!\n\
+            Expected: {} (chain: {})\n\
+            Found: {} at RPC endpoint: {}\n\n\
+            Please use an RPC endpoint for the correct network or change the --chain argument.",
+            expected_chain_id,
+            expected_chain,
+            rpc_chain_id,
+            rpc_url
+        ));
+    }
+
+    info!("Validated RPC endpoint chain ID");
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Main comparison workflow execution
+pub(crate) async fn run_comparison(args: Args, _ctx: CliContext) -> Result<()> {
+    // Create a new process group for this process and all its children
+    #[cfg(unix)]
+    {
+        use nix::unistd::{getpid, setpgid};
+        if let Err(e) = setpgid(getpid(), getpid()) {
+            warn!("Failed to create process group: {e}");
+        }
+    }
+
+    info!(
+        "Starting benchmark comparison between '{}' and '{}'",
+        args.baseline_ref, args.feature_ref
+    );
+
+    if args.sudo {
+        info!("Running in sudo mode - reth commands will use elevated privileges");
+    }
+
+    // Initialize Git manager
+    let git_manager = GitManager::new()?;
+    // Fetch all branches, tags, and commits
+    git_manager.fetch_all()?;
+
+    // Initialize compilation manager
+    let output_dir = args.output_dir_path();
+    let compilation_manager = CompilationManager::new(
+        git_manager.repo_root().to_string(),
+        output_dir.clone(),
+        git_manager.clone(),
+        args.features.clone(),
+    )?;
+    // Initialize node manager
+    let mut node_manager = NodeManager::new(&args);
+
+    let benchmark_runner = BenchmarkRunner::new(&args);
+    let mut comparison_generator = ComparisonGenerator::new(&args);
+
+    // Set the comparison directory in node manager to align with results directory
+    node_manager.set_comparison_dir(comparison_generator.get_output_dir());
+
+    // Store original git state for restoration
+    let original_ref = git_manager.get_current_ref()?;
+    info!("Current git reference: {}", original_ref);
+
+    // Validate git state
+    if !args.skip_git_validation {
+        git_manager.validate_clean_state()?;
+        git_manager.validate_refs(&[&args.baseline_ref, &args.feature_ref])?;
+    }
+
+    // Validate RPC endpoint chain ID matches the specified chain
+    let rpc_url = args.get_rpc_url();
+    validate_rpc_chain_id(&rpc_url, &args.chain).await?;
+
+    // Setup signal handling for cleanup
+    let git_manager_cleanup = git_manager.clone();
+    let original_ref_cleanup = original_ref.clone();
+    ctrlc::set_handler(move || {
+        eprintln!("Received interrupt signal, cleaning up...");
+
+        // Send SIGTERM to entire process group to ensure all children exit
+        #[cfg(unix)]
+        {
+            use nix::{
+                sys::signal::{kill, Signal},
+                unistd::Pid,
+            };
+
+            // Send SIGTERM to our process group (negative PID = process group)
+            let current_pid = std::process::id() as i32;
+            let pgid = Pid::from_raw(-current_pid);
+            if let Err(e) = kill(pgid, Signal::SIGTERM) {
+                eprintln!("Failed to send SIGTERM to process group: {e}");
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Give a moment for any ongoing git operations to complete
+        std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(200));
+
+        if let Err(e) = git_manager_cleanup.switch_ref(&original_ref_cleanup) {
+            eprintln!("Failed to restore original git reference: {e}");
+            eprintln!("You may need to manually run: git checkout {original_ref_cleanup}");
+        }
+        std::process::exit(1);
+    })?;
+
+    let result = run_benchmark_workflow(
+        &git_manager,
+        &compilation_manager,
+        &mut node_manager,
+        &benchmark_runner,
+        &mut comparison_generator,
+        &args,
+    )
+    .await;
+
+    // Always restore original git reference
+    info!("Restoring original git reference: {}", original_ref);
+    git_manager.switch_ref(&original_ref)?;
+
+    // Handle any errors from the workflow
+    result?;
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Parse a string of arguments into a vector of strings
+fn parse_args_string(args_str: &str) -> Vec<String> {
+    shlex::split(args_str).unwrap_or_else(|| {
+        // Fallback to simple whitespace splitting if shlex fails
+        args_str.split_whitespace().map(|s| s.to_string()).collect()
+    })
+}
+
+/// Run compilation phase for both baseline and feature binaries
+async fn run_compilation_phase(
+    git_manager: &GitManager,
+    compilation_manager: &CompilationManager,
+    args: &Args,
+    is_optimism: bool,
+) -> Result<(String, String)> {
+    info!("=== Running compilation phase ===");
+
+    // Ensure required tools are available (only need to check once)
+    compilation_manager.ensure_reth_bench_available()?;
+    if args.profile {
+        compilation_manager.ensure_samply_available()?;
+    }
+
+    let refs = [&args.baseline_ref, &args.feature_ref];
+    let ref_types = ["baseline", "feature"];
+
+    // First, resolve all refs to commits using a HashMap to avoid race conditions where a ref is
+    // pushed to mid-run.
+    let mut ref_commits = std::collections::HashMap::new();
+    for &git_ref in &refs {
+        if !ref_commits.contains_key(git_ref) {
+            git_manager.switch_ref(git_ref)?;
+            let commit = git_manager.get_current_commit()?;
+            ref_commits.insert(git_ref.clone(), commit);
+            info!("Reference {} resolves to commit: {}", git_ref, &ref_commits[git_ref][..8]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Now compile each ref using the resolved commits
+    for (i, &git_ref) in refs.iter().enumerate() {
+        let ref_type = ref_types[i];
+        let commit = &ref_commits[git_ref];
+
+        info!(
+            "Compiling {} binary for reference: {} (commit: {})",
+            ref_type,
+            git_ref,
+            &commit[..8]
+        );
+
+        // Switch to target reference
+        git_manager.switch_ref(git_ref)?;
+
+        // Compile reth (with caching)
+        compilation_manager.compile_reth(commit, is_optimism)?;
+
+        info!("Completed compilation for {} reference", ref_type);
+    }
+
+    let baseline_commit = ref_commits[&args.baseline_ref].clone();
+    let feature_commit = ref_commits[&args.feature_ref].clone();
+
+    info!("Compilation phase completed");
+    Ok((baseline_commit, feature_commit))
+}
+
+/// Run warmup phase to warm up caches before benchmarking
+async fn run_warmup_phase(
+    git_manager: &GitManager,
+    compilation_manager: &CompilationManager,
+    node_manager: &mut NodeManager,
+    benchmark_runner: &BenchmarkRunner,
+    args: &Args,
+    is_optimism: bool,
+    baseline_commit: &str,
+) -> Result<()> {
+    info!("=== Running warmup phase ===");
+
+    // Use baseline for warmup
+    let warmup_ref = &args.baseline_ref;
+
+    // Switch to baseline reference
+    git_manager.switch_ref(warmup_ref)?;
+
+    // Get the cached binary path for baseline (should already be compiled)
+    let binary_path =
+        compilation_manager.get_cached_binary_path_for_commit(baseline_commit, is_optimism);
+
+    // Verify the cached binary exists
+    if !binary_path.exists() {
+        return Err(eyre!(
+            "Cached baseline binary not found at {:?}. Compilation phase should have created it.",
+            binary_path
+        ));
+    }
+
+    info!("Using cached baseline binary for warmup (commit: {})", &baseline_commit[..8]);
+
+    // Build additional args with conditional --debug.startup-sync-state-idle flag
+    let additional_args = args.build_additional_args("warmup", args.baseline_args.as_ref());
+
+    // Start reth node for warmup
+    let mut node_process =
+        node_manager.start_node(&binary_path, warmup_ref, "warmup", &additional_args).await?;
+
+    // Wait for node to be ready and get its current tip
+    let current_tip = node_manager.wait_for_node_ready_and_get_tip().await?;
+    info!("Warmup node is ready at tip: {}", current_tip);
+
+    // Store the tip we'll unwind back to
+    let original_tip = current_tip;
+
+    // Clear filesystem caches before warmup run only (unless disabled)
+    if args.no_clear_cache {
+        info!("Skipping filesystem cache clearing (--no-clear-cache flag set)");
+    } else {
+        BenchmarkRunner::clear_fs_caches().await?;
+    }
+
+    // Run warmup to warm up caches
+    benchmark_runner.run_warmup(current_tip).await?;
+
+    // Stop node before unwinding (node must be stopped to release database lock)
+    node_manager.stop_node(&mut node_process).await?;
+
+    // Unwind back to starting block after warmup
+    node_manager.unwind_to_block(original_tip).await?;
+
+    info!("Warmup phase completed");
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Execute the complete benchmark workflow for both branches
+async fn run_benchmark_workflow(
+    git_manager: &GitManager,
+    compilation_manager: &CompilationManager,
+    node_manager: &mut NodeManager,
+    benchmark_runner: &BenchmarkRunner,
+    comparison_generator: &mut ComparisonGenerator,
+    args: &Args,
+) -> Result<()> {
+    // Detect if this is an Optimism chain once at the beginning
+    let rpc_url = args.get_rpc_url();
+    let is_optimism = compilation_manager.detect_optimism_chain(&rpc_url).await?;
+
+    // Run compilation phase for both binaries
+    let (baseline_commit, feature_commit) =
+        run_compilation_phase(git_manager, compilation_manager, args, is_optimism).await?;
+
+    // Run warmup phase before benchmarking (skip if warmup_blocks is 0)
+    if args.get_warmup_blocks() > 0 {
+        run_warmup_phase(
+            git_manager,
+            compilation_manager,
+            node_manager,
+            benchmark_runner,
+            args,
+            is_optimism,
+            &baseline_commit,
+        )
+        .await?;
+    } else {
+        info!("Skipping warmup phase (warmup_blocks is 0)");
+    }
+
+    let refs = [&args.baseline_ref, &args.feature_ref];
+    let ref_types = ["baseline", "feature"];
+    let commits = [&baseline_commit, &feature_commit];
+
+    for (i, &git_ref) in refs.iter().enumerate() {
+        let ref_type = ref_types[i];
+        let commit = commits[i];
+        info!("=== Processing {} reference: {} ===", ref_type, git_ref);
+
+        // Switch to target reference
+        git_manager.switch_ref(git_ref)?;
+
+        // Get the cached binary path for this git reference (should already be compiled)
+        let binary_path =
+            compilation_manager.get_cached_binary_path_for_commit(commit, is_optimism);
+
+        // Verify the cached binary exists
+        if !binary_path.exists() {
+            return Err(eyre!(
+                "Cached {} binary not found at {:?}. Compilation phase should have created it.",
+                ref_type,
+                binary_path
+            ));
+        }
+
+        info!("Using cached {} binary (commit: {})", ref_type, &commit[..8]);
+
+        // Get reference-specific base arguments string
+        let base_args_str = match ref_type {
+            "baseline" => args.baseline_args.as_ref(),
+            "feature" => args.feature_args.as_ref(),
+            _ => None,
+        };
+
+        // Build additional args with conditional --debug.startup-sync-state-idle flag
+        let additional_args = args.build_additional_args(ref_type, base_args_str);
+
+        // Start reth node
+        let mut node_process =
+            node_manager.start_node(&binary_path, git_ref, ref_type, &additional_args).await?;
+
+        // Wait for node to be ready and get its current tip (wherever it is)
+        let current_tip = node_manager.wait_for_node_ready_and_get_tip().await?;
+        info!("Node is ready at tip: {}", current_tip);
+
+        // Store the tip we'll unwind back to
+        let original_tip = current_tip;
+
+        // Calculate benchmark range
+        // Note: reth-bench has an off-by-one error where it consumes the first block
+        // of the range, so we add 1 to compensate and get exactly args.blocks blocks
+        let from_block = original_tip;
+        let to_block = original_tip + args.blocks;
+
+        // Run benchmark
+        let output_dir = comparison_generator.get_ref_output_dir(ref_type);
+
+        // Capture start timestamp for the benchmark run
+        let benchmark_start = chrono::Utc::now();
+
+        // Run benchmark (comparison logic is handled separately by ComparisonGenerator)
+        benchmark_runner.run_benchmark(from_block, to_block, &output_dir).await?;
+
+        // Capture end timestamp for the benchmark run
+        let benchmark_end = chrono::Utc::now();
+
+        // Stop node
+        node_manager.stop_node(&mut node_process).await?;
+
+        // Unwind back to original tip
+        node_manager.unwind_to_block(original_tip).await?;
+
+        // Store results for comparison
+        comparison_generator.add_ref_results(ref_type, &output_dir)?;
+
+        // Set the benchmark run timestamps
+        comparison_generator.set_ref_timestamps(ref_type, benchmark_start, benchmark_end)?;
+
+        info!("Completed {} reference benchmark", ref_type);
+    }
+
+    // Generate comparison report
+    comparison_generator.generate_comparison_report().await?;
+
+    // Generate charts if requested
+    if args.draw {
+        generate_comparison_charts(comparison_generator).await?;
+    }
+
+    // Start samply servers if profiling was enabled
+    if args.profile {
+        start_samply_servers(args).await?;
+    }
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Generate comparison charts using the Python script
+async fn generate_comparison_charts(comparison_generator: &ComparisonGenerator) -> Result<()> {
+    info!("Generating comparison charts with Python script...");
+
+    let baseline_output_dir = comparison_generator.get_ref_output_dir("baseline");
+    let feature_output_dir = comparison_generator.get_ref_output_dir("feature");
+
+    let baseline_csv = baseline_output_dir.join("combined_latency.csv");
+    let feature_csv = feature_output_dir.join("combined_latency.csv");
+
+    // Check if CSV files exist
+    if !baseline_csv.exists() {
+        return Err(eyre!("Baseline CSV not found: {:?}", baseline_csv));
+    }
+    if !feature_csv.exists() {
+        return Err(eyre!("Feature CSV not found: {:?}", feature_csv));
+    }
+
+    let output_dir = comparison_generator.get_output_dir();
+    let chart_output = output_dir.join("latency_comparison.png");
+
+    let script_path = "bin/reth-bench/scripts/compare_newpayload_latency.py";
+
+    info!("Running Python comparison script with uv...");
+    let mut cmd = Command::new("uv");
+    cmd.args([
+        "run",
+        script_path,
+        &baseline_csv.to_string_lossy(),
+        &feature_csv.to_string_lossy(),
+        "-o",
+        &chart_output.to_string_lossy(),
+    ]);
+
+    // Set process group for consistent signal handling
+    #[cfg(unix)]
+    {
+        cmd.process_group(0);
+    }
+
+    let output = cmd.output().await.map_err(|e| {
+        eyre!("Failed to execute Python script with uv: {}. Make sure uv is installed.", e)
+    })?;
+
+    if !output.status.success() {
+        let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
+        let stdout = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout);
+        return Err(eyre!(
+            "Python script failed with exit code {:?}:\nstdout: {}\nstderr: {}",
+            output.status.code(),
+            stdout,
+            stderr
+        ));
+    }
+
+    let stdout = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout);
+    if !stdout.trim().is_empty() {
+        info!("Python script output:\n{}", stdout);
+    }
+
+    info!("Comparison chart generated: {:?}", chart_output);
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Start samply servers for viewing profiles
+async fn start_samply_servers(args: &Args) -> Result<()> {
+    info!("Starting samply servers for profile viewing...");
+
+    let output_dir = args.output_dir_path();
+    let profiles_dir = output_dir.join("profiles");
+
+    // Build profile paths
+    let baseline_profile = profiles_dir.join("baseline.json.gz");
+    let feature_profile = profiles_dir.join("feature.json.gz");
+
+    // Check if profiles exist
+    if !baseline_profile.exists() {
+        warn!("Baseline profile not found: {:?}", baseline_profile);
+        return Ok(());
+    }
+    if !feature_profile.exists() {
+        warn!("Feature profile not found: {:?}", feature_profile);
+        return Ok(());
+    }
+
+    // Find two consecutive available ports starting from 3000
+    let (baseline_port, feature_port) = find_consecutive_ports(3000)?;
+    info!("Found available ports: {} and {}", baseline_port, feature_port);
+
+    // Get samply path
+    let samply_path = get_samply_path().await?;
+
+    // Start baseline server
+    info!("Starting samply server for baseline '{}' on port {}", args.baseline_ref, baseline_port);
+    let mut baseline_cmd = Command::new(&samply_path);
+    baseline_cmd
+        .args(["load", "--port", &baseline_port.to_string(), &baseline_profile.to_string_lossy()])
+        .kill_on_drop(true);
+
+    // Set process group for consistent signal handling
+    #[cfg(unix)]
+    {
+        baseline_cmd.process_group(0);
+    }
+
+    // Conditionally pipe output based on log level
+    if tracing::enabled!(tracing::Level::DEBUG) {
+        baseline_cmd.stdout(std::process::Stdio::piped()).stderr(std::process::Stdio::piped());
+    } else {
+        baseline_cmd.stdout(std::process::Stdio::null()).stderr(std::process::Stdio::null());
+    }
+
+    // Debug log the command
+    debug!("Executing samply load command: {:?}", baseline_cmd);
+
+    let mut baseline_child =
+        baseline_cmd.spawn().wrap_err("Failed to start samply server for baseline")?;
+
+    // Stream baseline samply output if debug logging is enabled
+    if tracing::enabled!(tracing::Level::DEBUG) {
+        if let Some(stdout) = baseline_child.stdout.take() {
+            tokio::spawn(async move {
+                use tokio::io::{AsyncBufReadExt, BufReader};
+                let reader = BufReader::new(stdout);
+                let mut lines = reader.lines();
+                while let Ok(Some(line)) = lines.next_line().await {
+                    debug!("[SAMPLY-BASELINE] {}", line);
+                }
+            });
+        }
+
+        if let Some(stderr) = baseline_child.stderr.take() {
+            tokio::spawn(async move {
+                use tokio::io::{AsyncBufReadExt, BufReader};
+                let reader = BufReader::new(stderr);
+                let mut lines = reader.lines();
+                while let Ok(Some(line)) = lines.next_line().await {
+                    debug!("[SAMPLY-BASELINE] {}", line);
+                }
+            });
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Start feature server
+    info!("Starting samply server for feature '{}' on port {}", args.feature_ref, feature_port);
+    let mut feature_cmd = Command::new(&samply_path);
+    feature_cmd
+        .args(["load", "--port", &feature_port.to_string(), &feature_profile.to_string_lossy()])
+        .kill_on_drop(true);
+
+    // Set process group for consistent signal handling
+    #[cfg(unix)]
+    {
+        feature_cmd.process_group(0);
+    }
+
+    // Conditionally pipe output based on log level
+    if tracing::enabled!(tracing::Level::DEBUG) {
+        feature_cmd.stdout(std::process::Stdio::piped()).stderr(std::process::Stdio::piped());
+    } else {
+        feature_cmd.stdout(std::process::Stdio::null()).stderr(std::process::Stdio::null());
+    }
+
+    // Debug log the command
+    debug!("Executing samply load command: {:?}", feature_cmd);
+
+    let mut feature_child =
+        feature_cmd.spawn().wrap_err("Failed to start samply server for feature")?;
+
+    // Stream feature samply output if debug logging is enabled
+    if tracing::enabled!(tracing::Level::DEBUG) {
+        if let Some(stdout) = feature_child.stdout.take() {
+            tokio::spawn(async move {
+                use tokio::io::{AsyncBufReadExt, BufReader};
+                let reader = BufReader::new(stdout);
+                let mut lines = reader.lines();
+                while let Ok(Some(line)) = lines.next_line().await {
+                    debug!("[SAMPLY-FEATURE] {}", line);
+                }
+            });
+        }
+
+        if let Some(stderr) = feature_child.stderr.take() {
+            tokio::spawn(async move {
+                use tokio::io::{AsyncBufReadExt, BufReader};
+                let reader = BufReader::new(stderr);
+                let mut lines = reader.lines();
+                while let Ok(Some(line)) = lines.next_line().await {
+                    debug!("[SAMPLY-FEATURE] {}", line);
+                }
+            });
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Give servers time to start
+    tokio::time::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_secs(2)).await;
+
+    // Print access information
+    println!("\n=== SAMPLY PROFILE SERVERS STARTED ===");
+    println!("Baseline '{}': http://127.0.0.1:{}", args.baseline_ref, baseline_port);
+    println!("Feature  '{}': http://127.0.0.1:{}", args.feature_ref, feature_port);
+    println!("\nOpen the URLs in your browser to view the profiles.");
+    println!("Press Ctrl+C to stop the servers and exit.");
+    println!("=========================================\n");
+
+    // Wait for Ctrl+C or process termination
+    let ctrl_c = tokio::signal::ctrl_c();
+    let baseline_wait = baseline_child.wait();
+    let feature_wait = feature_child.wait();
+
+    tokio::select! {
+        _ = ctrl_c => {
+            info!("Received Ctrl+C, shutting down samply servers...");
+        }
+        result = baseline_wait => {
+            match result {
+                Ok(status) => info!("Baseline samply server exited with status: {}", status),
+                Err(e) => warn!("Baseline samply server error: {}", e),
+            }
+        }
+        result = feature_wait => {
+            match result {
+                Ok(status) => info!("Feature samply server exited with status: {}", status),
+                Err(e) => warn!("Feature samply server error: {}", e),
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Ensure both processes are terminated
+    let _ = baseline_child.kill().await;
+    let _ = feature_child.kill().await;
+
+    info!("Samply servers stopped.");
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Find two consecutive available ports starting from the given port
+fn find_consecutive_ports(start_port: u16) -> Result<(u16, u16)> {
+    for port in start_port..=65533 {
+        // Check if both port and port+1 are available
+        if is_port_available(port) && is_port_available(port + 1) {
+            return Ok((port, port + 1));
+        }
+    }
+    Err(eyre!("Could not find two consecutive available ports starting from {}", start_port))
+}
+
+/// Check if a port is available by attempting to bind to it
+fn is_port_available(port: u16) -> bool {
+    TcpListener::bind(("127.0.0.1", port)).is_ok()
+}
+
+/// Get the absolute path to samply using 'which' command
+async fn get_samply_path() -> Result<String> {
+    let output = Command::new("which")
+        .arg("samply")
+        .output()
+        .await
+        .wrap_err("Failed to execute 'which samply' command")?;
+
+    if !output.status.success() {
+        return Err(eyre!("samply not found in PATH"));
+    }
+
+    let samply_path = String::from_utf8(output.stdout)
+        .wrap_err("samply path is not valid UTF-8")?
+        .trim()
+        .to_string();
+
+    if samply_path.is_empty() {
+        return Err(eyre!("which samply returned empty path"));
+    }
+
+    Ok(samply_path)
+}
--- a/bin/reth-bench-compare/src/comparison.rs
+++ b/bin/reth-bench-compare/src/comparison.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,484 @@
+//! Results comparison and report generation.
+
+use crate::cli::Args;
+use chrono::{DateTime, Utc};
+use csv::Reader;
+use eyre::{eyre, Result, WrapErr};
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use std::{
+    collections::HashMap,
+    fs,
+    path::{Path, PathBuf},
+};
+use tracing::{info, warn};
+
+/// Manages comparison between baseline and feature reference results
+pub(crate) struct ComparisonGenerator {
+    output_dir: PathBuf,
+    timestamp: String,
+    baseline_ref_name: String,
+    feature_ref_name: String,
+    baseline_results: Option<BenchmarkResults>,
+    feature_results: Option<BenchmarkResults>,
+}
+
+/// Represents the results from a single benchmark run
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub(crate) struct BenchmarkResults {
+    pub ref_name: String,
+    pub combined_latency_data: Vec<CombinedLatencyRow>,
+    pub summary: BenchmarkSummary,
+    pub start_timestamp: Option<DateTime<Utc>>,
+    pub end_timestamp: Option<DateTime<Utc>>,
+}
+
+/// Combined latency CSV row structure
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize)]
+pub(crate) struct CombinedLatencyRow {
+    pub block_number: u64,
+    pub gas_used: u64,
+    pub new_payload_latency: u128,
+}
+
+/// Total gas CSV row structure
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize, Serialize)]
+pub(crate) struct TotalGasRow {
+    pub block_number: u64,
+    pub gas_used: u64,
+    pub time: u128,
+}
+
+/// Summary statistics for a benchmark run
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize)]
+pub(crate) struct BenchmarkSummary {
+    pub total_blocks: u64,
+    pub total_gas_used: u64,
+    pub total_duration_ms: u128,
+    pub avg_new_payload_latency_ms: f64,
+    pub gas_per_second: f64,
+    pub blocks_per_second: f64,
+}
+
+/// Comparison report between two benchmark runs
+#[derive(Debug, Serialize)]
+pub(crate) struct ComparisonReport {
+    pub timestamp: String,
+    pub baseline: RefInfo,
+    pub feature: RefInfo,
+    pub comparison_summary: ComparisonSummary,
+    pub per_block_comparisons: Vec<BlockComparison>,
+}
+
+/// Information about a reference in the comparison
+#[derive(Debug, Serialize)]
+pub(crate) struct RefInfo {
+    pub ref_name: String,
+    pub summary: BenchmarkSummary,
+    pub start_timestamp: Option<DateTime<Utc>>,
+    pub end_timestamp: Option<DateTime<Utc>>,
+}
+
+/// Summary of the comparison between references
+#[derive(Debug, Serialize)]
+pub(crate) struct ComparisonSummary {
+    pub new_payload_latency_change_percent: f64,
+    pub gas_per_second_change_percent: f64,
+    pub blocks_per_second_change_percent: f64,
+}
+
+/// Per-block comparison data
+#[derive(Debug, Serialize)]
+pub(crate) struct BlockComparison {
+    pub block_number: u64,
+    pub baseline_new_payload_latency: u128,
+    pub feature_new_payload_latency: u128,
+    pub new_payload_latency_change_percent: f64,
+}
+
+impl ComparisonGenerator {
+    /// Create a new comparison generator
+    pub(crate) fn new(args: &Args) -> Self {
+        let now: DateTime<Utc> = Utc::now();
+        let timestamp = now.format("%Y%m%d_%H%M%S").to_string();
+
+        Self {
+            output_dir: args.output_dir_path(),
+            timestamp,
+            baseline_ref_name: args.baseline_ref.clone(),
+            feature_ref_name: args.feature_ref.clone(),
+            baseline_results: None,
+            feature_results: None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Get the output directory for a specific reference
+    pub(crate) fn get_ref_output_dir(&self, ref_type: &str) -> PathBuf {
+        self.output_dir.join("results").join(&self.timestamp).join(ref_type)
+    }
+
+    /// Get the main output directory for this comparison run
+    pub(crate) fn get_output_dir(&self) -> PathBuf {
+        self.output_dir.join("results").join(&self.timestamp)
+    }
+
+    /// Add benchmark results for a reference
+    pub(crate) fn add_ref_results(&mut self, ref_type: &str, output_path: &Path) -> Result<()> {
+        let ref_name = match ref_type {
+            "baseline" => &self.baseline_ref_name,
+            "feature" => &self.feature_ref_name,
+            _ => return Err(eyre!("Unknown reference type: {}", ref_type)),
+        };
+
+        let results = self.load_benchmark_results(ref_name, output_path)?;
+
+        match ref_type {
+            "baseline" => self.baseline_results = Some(results),
+            "feature" => self.feature_results = Some(results),
+            _ => return Err(eyre!("Unknown reference type: {}", ref_type)),
+        }
+
+        info!("Loaded benchmark results for {} reference", ref_type);
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Set the benchmark run timestamps for a reference
+    pub(crate) fn set_ref_timestamps(
+        &mut self,
+        ref_type: &str,
+        start: DateTime<Utc>,
+        end: DateTime<Utc>,
+    ) -> Result<()> {
+        match ref_type {
+            "baseline" => {
+                if let Some(ref mut results) = self.baseline_results {
+                    results.start_timestamp = Some(start);
+                    results.end_timestamp = Some(end);
+                } else {
+                    return Err(eyre!("Baseline results not loaded yet"));
+                }
+            }
+            "feature" => {
+                if let Some(ref mut results) = self.feature_results {
+                    results.start_timestamp = Some(start);
+                    results.end_timestamp = Some(end);
+                } else {
+                    return Err(eyre!("Feature results not loaded yet"));
+                }
+            }
+            _ => return Err(eyre!("Unknown reference type: {}", ref_type)),
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Generate the final comparison report
+    pub(crate) async fn generate_comparison_report(&self) -> Result<()> {
+        info!("Generating comparison report...");
+
+        let baseline =
+            self.baseline_results.as_ref().ok_or_else(|| eyre!("Baseline results not loaded"))?;
+
+        let feature =
+            self.feature_results.as_ref().ok_or_else(|| eyre!("Feature results not loaded"))?;
+
+        // Generate comparison
+        let comparison_summary =
+            self.calculate_comparison_summary(&baseline.summary, &feature.summary)?;
+        let per_block_comparisons = self.calculate_per_block_comparisons(baseline, feature)?;
+
+        let report = ComparisonReport {
+            timestamp: self.timestamp.clone(),
+            baseline: RefInfo {
+                ref_name: baseline.ref_name.clone(),
+                summary: baseline.summary.clone(),
+                start_timestamp: baseline.start_timestamp,
+                end_timestamp: baseline.end_timestamp,
+            },
+            feature: RefInfo {
+                ref_name: feature.ref_name.clone(),
+                summary: feature.summary.clone(),
+                start_timestamp: feature.start_timestamp,
+                end_timestamp: feature.end_timestamp,
+            },
+            comparison_summary,
+            per_block_comparisons,
+        };
+
+        // Write reports
+        self.write_comparison_reports(&report).await?;
+
+        // Print summary to console
+        self.print_comparison_summary(&report);
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Load benchmark results from CSV files
+    fn load_benchmark_results(
+        &self,
+        ref_name: &str,
+        output_path: &Path,
+    ) -> Result<BenchmarkResults> {
+        let combined_latency_path = output_path.join("combined_latency.csv");
+        let total_gas_path = output_path.join("total_gas.csv");
+
+        let combined_latency_data = self.load_combined_latency_csv(&combined_latency_path)?;
+        let total_gas_data = self.load_total_gas_csv(&total_gas_path)?;
+
+        let summary = self.calculate_summary(&combined_latency_data, &total_gas_data)?;
+
+        Ok(BenchmarkResults {
+            ref_name: ref_name.to_string(),
+            combined_latency_data,
+            summary,
+            start_timestamp: None,
+            end_timestamp: None,
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Load combined latency CSV data
+    fn load_combined_latency_csv(&self, path: &Path) -> Result<Vec<CombinedLatencyRow>> {
+        let mut reader = Reader::from_path(path)
+            .wrap_err_with(|| format!("Failed to open combined latency CSV: {path:?}"))?;
+
+        let mut rows = Vec::new();
+        for result in reader.deserialize() {
+            let row: CombinedLatencyRow = result
+                .wrap_err_with(|| format!("Failed to parse combined latency row in {path:?}"))?;
+            rows.push(row);
+        }
+
+        if rows.is_empty() {
+            return Err(eyre!("No data found in combined latency CSV: {:?}", path));
+        }
+
+        Ok(rows)
+    }
+
+    /// Load total gas CSV data
+    fn load_total_gas_csv(&self, path: &Path) -> Result<Vec<TotalGasRow>> {
+        let mut reader = Reader::from_path(path)
+            .wrap_err_with(|| format!("Failed to open total gas CSV: {path:?}"))?;
+
+        let mut rows = Vec::new();
+        for result in reader.deserialize() {
+            let row: TotalGasRow =
+                result.wrap_err_with(|| format!("Failed to parse total gas row in {path:?}"))?;
+            rows.push(row);
+        }
+
+        if rows.is_empty() {
+            return Err(eyre!("No data found in total gas CSV: {:?}", path));
+        }
+
+        Ok(rows)
+    }
+
+    /// Calculate summary statistics for a benchmark run
+    fn calculate_summary(
+        &self,
+        combined_data: &[CombinedLatencyRow],
+        total_gas_data: &[TotalGasRow],
+    ) -> Result<BenchmarkSummary> {
+        if combined_data.is_empty() || total_gas_data.is_empty() {
+            return Err(eyre!("Cannot calculate summary for empty data"));
+        }
+
+        let total_blocks = combined_data.len() as u64;
+        let total_gas_used: u64 = combined_data.iter().map(|r| r.gas_used).sum();
+
+        let total_duration_ms = total_gas_data.last().unwrap().time / 1000; // Convert microseconds to milliseconds
+
+        let avg_new_payload_latency_ms: f64 =
+            combined_data.iter().map(|r| r.new_payload_latency as f64 / 1000.0).sum::<f64>() /
+                total_blocks as f64;
+
+        let total_duration_seconds = total_duration_ms as f64 / 1000.0;
+        let gas_per_second = if total_duration_seconds > f64::EPSILON {
+            total_gas_used as f64 / total_duration_seconds
+        } else {
+            0.0
+        };
+
+        let blocks_per_second = if total_duration_seconds > f64::EPSILON {
+            total_blocks as f64 / total_duration_seconds
+        } else {
+            0.0
+        };
+
+        Ok(BenchmarkSummary {
+            total_blocks,
+            total_gas_used,
+            total_duration_ms,
+            avg_new_payload_latency_ms,
+            gas_per_second,
+            blocks_per_second,
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Calculate comparison summary between baseline and feature
+    fn calculate_comparison_summary(
+        &self,
+        baseline: &BenchmarkSummary,
+        feature: &BenchmarkSummary,
+    ) -> Result<ComparisonSummary> {
+        let calc_percent_change = |baseline: f64, feature: f64| -> f64 {
+            if baseline.abs() > f64::EPSILON {
+                ((feature - baseline) / baseline) * 100.0
+            } else {
+                0.0
+            }
+        };
+
+        Ok(ComparisonSummary {
+            new_payload_latency_change_percent: calc_percent_change(
+                baseline.avg_new_payload_latency_ms,
+                feature.avg_new_payload_latency_ms,
+            ),
+            gas_per_second_change_percent: calc_percent_change(
+                baseline.gas_per_second,
+                feature.gas_per_second,
+            ),
+            blocks_per_second_change_percent: calc_percent_change(
+                baseline.blocks_per_second,
+                feature.blocks_per_second,
+            ),
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Calculate per-block comparisons
+    fn calculate_per_block_comparisons(
+        &self,
+        baseline: &BenchmarkResults,
+        feature: &BenchmarkResults,
+    ) -> Result<Vec<BlockComparison>> {
+        let mut baseline_map: HashMap<u64, &CombinedLatencyRow> = HashMap::new();
+        for row in &baseline.combined_latency_data {
+            baseline_map.insert(row.block_number, row);
+        }
+
+        let mut comparisons = Vec::new();
+        for feature_row in &feature.combined_latency_data {
+            if let Some(baseline_row) = baseline_map.get(&feature_row.block_number) {
+                let calc_percent_change = |baseline: u128, feature: u128| -> f64 {
+                    if baseline > 0 {
+                        ((feature as f64 - baseline as f64) / baseline as f64) * 100.0
+                    } else {
+                        0.0
+                    }
+                };
+
+                let comparison = BlockComparison {
+                    block_number: feature_row.block_number,
+                    baseline_new_payload_latency: baseline_row.new_payload_latency,
+                    feature_new_payload_latency: feature_row.new_payload_latency,
+                    new_payload_latency_change_percent: calc_percent_change(
+                        baseline_row.new_payload_latency,
+                        feature_row.new_payload_latency,
+                    ),
+                };
+                comparisons.push(comparison);
+            } else {
+                warn!("Block {} not found in baseline data", feature_row.block_number);
+            }
+        }
+
+        Ok(comparisons)
+    }
+
+    /// Write comparison reports to files
+    async fn write_comparison_reports(&self, report: &ComparisonReport) -> Result<()> {
+        let report_dir = self.output_dir.join("results").join(&self.timestamp);
+        fs::create_dir_all(&report_dir)
+            .wrap_err_with(|| format!("Failed to create report directory: {report_dir:?}"))?;
+
+        // Write JSON report
+        let json_path = report_dir.join("comparison_report.json");
+        let json_content = serde_json::to_string_pretty(report)
+            .wrap_err("Failed to serialize comparison report to JSON")?;
+        fs::write(&json_path, json_content)
+            .wrap_err_with(|| format!("Failed to write JSON report: {json_path:?}"))?;
+
+        // Write CSV report for per-block comparisons
+        let csv_path = report_dir.join("per_block_comparison.csv");
+        let mut writer = csv::Writer::from_path(&csv_path)
+            .wrap_err_with(|| format!("Failed to create CSV writer: {csv_path:?}"))?;
+
+        for comparison in &report.per_block_comparisons {
+            writer.serialize(comparison).wrap_err("Failed to write comparison row to CSV")?;
+        }
+        writer.flush().wrap_err("Failed to flush CSV writer")?;
+
+        info!("Comparison reports written to: {:?}", report_dir);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Print comparison summary to console
+    fn print_comparison_summary(&self, report: &ComparisonReport) {
+        // Parse and format timestamp nicely
+        let formatted_timestamp = if let Ok(dt) = chrono::DateTime::parse_from_str(
+            &format!("{} +0000", report.timestamp.replace('_', " ")),
+            "%Y%m%d %H%M%S %z",
+        ) {
+            dt.format("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S UTC").to_string()
+        } else {
+            // Fallback to original if parsing fails
+            report.timestamp.clone()
+        };
+
+        println!("\n=== BENCHMARK COMPARISON SUMMARY ===");
+        println!("Timestamp: {formatted_timestamp}");
+        println!("Baseline: {}", report.baseline.ref_name);
+        println!("Feature:  {}", report.feature.ref_name);
+        println!();
+
+        let summary = &report.comparison_summary;
+
+        println!("Performance Changes:");
+        println!("  NewPayload Latency: {:+.2}%", summary.new_payload_latency_change_percent);
+        println!("  Gas/Second:         {:+.2}%", summary.gas_per_second_change_percent);
+        println!("  Blocks/Second:      {:+.2}%", summary.blocks_per_second_change_percent);
+        println!();
+
+        println!("Baseline Summary:");
+        let baseline = &report.baseline.summary;
+        println!(
+            "  Blocks: {}, Gas: {}, Duration: {:.2}s",
+            baseline.total_blocks,
+            baseline.total_gas_used,
+            baseline.total_duration_ms as f64 / 1000.0
+        );
+        println!("  Avg NewPayload: {:.2}ms", baseline.avg_new_payload_latency_ms);
+        if let (Some(start), Some(end)) =
+            (&report.baseline.start_timestamp, &report.baseline.end_timestamp)
+        {
+            println!(
+                "  Started: {}, Ended: {}",
+                start.format("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S UTC"),
+                end.format("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S UTC")
+            );
+        }
+        println!();
+
+        println!("Feature Summary:");
+        let feature = &report.feature.summary;
+        println!(
+            "  Blocks: {}, Gas: {}, Duration: {:.2}s",
+            feature.total_blocks,
+            feature.total_gas_used,
+            feature.total_duration_ms as f64 / 1000.0
+        );
+        println!("  Avg NewPayload: {:.2}ms", feature.avg_new_payload_latency_ms);
+        if let (Some(start), Some(end)) =
+            (&report.feature.start_timestamp, &report.feature.end_timestamp)
+        {
+            println!(
+                "  Started: {}, Ended: {}",
+                start.format("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S UTC"),
+                end.format("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S UTC")
+            );
+        }
+        println!();
+    }
+}
--- a/bin/reth-bench-compare/src/compilation.rs
+++ b/bin/reth-bench-compare/src/compilation.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,354 @@
+//! Compilation operations for reth and reth-bench.
+
+use crate::git::GitManager;
+use alloy_primitives::address;
+use alloy_provider::{Provider, ProviderBuilder};
+use eyre::{eyre, Result, WrapErr};
+use std::{fs, path::PathBuf, process::Command};
+use tracing::{debug, error, info, warn};
+
+/// Manages compilation operations for reth components
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub(crate) struct CompilationManager {
+    repo_root: String,
+    output_dir: PathBuf,
+    git_manager: GitManager,
+    features: String,
+}
+
+impl CompilationManager {
+    /// Create a new `CompilationManager`
+    pub(crate) const fn new(
+        repo_root: String,
+        output_dir: PathBuf,
+        git_manager: GitManager,
+        features: String,
+    ) -> Result<Self> {
+        Ok(Self { repo_root, output_dir, git_manager, features })
+    }
+
+    /// Detect if the RPC endpoint is an Optimism chain
+    pub(crate) async fn detect_optimism_chain(&self, rpc_url: &str) -> Result<bool> {
+        info!("Detecting chain type from RPC endpoint...");
+
+        // Create Alloy provider
+        let url = rpc_url.parse().map_err(|e| eyre!("Invalid RPC URL '{}': {}", rpc_url, e))?;
+        let provider = ProviderBuilder::new().connect_http(url);
+
+        // Check for Optimism predeploy at address 0x420000000000000000000000000000000000000F
+        let is_optimism = !provider
+            .get_code_at(address!("0x420000000000000000000000000000000000000F"))
+            .await?
+            .is_empty();
+
+        if is_optimism {
+            info!("Detected Optimism chain");
+        } else {
+            info!("Detected Ethereum chain");
+        }
+
+        Ok(is_optimism)
+    }
+
+    /// Get the path to the cached binary using explicit commit hash
+    pub(crate) fn get_cached_binary_path_for_commit(
+        &self,
+        commit: &str,
+        is_optimism: bool,
+    ) -> PathBuf {
+        let identifier = &commit[..8]; // Use first 8 chars of commit
+
+        let binary_name = if is_optimism {
+            format!("op-reth_{}", identifier)
+        } else {
+            format!("reth_{}", identifier)
+        };
+
+        self.output_dir.join("bin").join(binary_name)
+    }
+
+    /// Compile reth using cargo build and cache the binary
+    pub(crate) fn compile_reth(&self, commit: &str, is_optimism: bool) -> Result<()> {
+        // Validate that current git commit matches the expected commit
+        let current_commit = self.git_manager.get_current_commit()?;
+        if current_commit != commit {
+            return Err(eyre!(
+                "Git commit mismatch! Expected: {}, but currently at: {}",
+                &commit[..8],
+                &current_commit[..8]
+            ));
+        }
+
+        let cached_path = self.get_cached_binary_path_for_commit(commit, is_optimism);
+
+        // Check if cached binary already exists (since path contains commit hash, it's valid)
+        if cached_path.exists() {
+            info!("Using cached binary (commit: {})", &commit[..8]);
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+
+        info!("No cached binary found, compiling (commit: {})...", &commit[..8]);
+
+        let binary_name = if is_optimism { "op-reth" } else { "reth" };
+
+        info!(
+            "Compiling {} with profiling configuration (commit: {})...",
+            binary_name,
+            &commit[..8]
+        );
+
+        let mut cmd = Command::new("cargo");
+        cmd.arg("build").arg("--profile").arg("profiling");
+
+        // Add features
+        cmd.arg("--features").arg(&self.features);
+        info!("Using features: {}", self.features);
+
+        // Add bin-specific arguments for optimism
+        if is_optimism {
+            cmd.arg("--bin")
+                .arg("op-reth")
+                .arg("--manifest-path")
+                .arg("crates/optimism/bin/Cargo.toml");
+        }
+
+        cmd.current_dir(&self.repo_root);
+
+        // Set RUSTFLAGS for native CPU optimization
+        cmd.env("RUSTFLAGS", "-C target-cpu=native");
+
+        // Debug log the command
+        debug!("Executing cargo command: {:?}", cmd);
+
+        let output = cmd.output().wrap_err("Failed to execute cargo build command")?;
+
+        // Print stdout and stderr with prefixes at debug level
+        let stdout = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout);
+        let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
+
+        for line in stdout.lines() {
+            if !line.trim().is_empty() {
+                debug!("[CARGO] {}", line);
+            }
+        }
+
+        for line in stderr.lines() {
+            if !line.trim().is_empty() {
+                debug!("[CARGO] {}", line);
+            }
+        }
+
+        if !output.status.success() {
+            // Print all output when compilation fails
+            error!("Cargo build failed with exit code: {:?}", output.status.code());
+
+            if !stdout.trim().is_empty() {
+                error!("Cargo stdout:");
+                for line in stdout.lines() {
+                    error!("  {}", line);
+                }
+            }
+
+            if !stderr.trim().is_empty() {
+                error!("Cargo stderr:");
+                for line in stderr.lines() {
+                    error!("  {}", line);
+                }
+            }
+
+            return Err(eyre!("Compilation failed with exit code: {:?}", output.status.code()));
+        }
+
+        info!("{} compilation completed", binary_name);
+
+        // Copy the compiled binary to cache
+        let source_path =
+            PathBuf::from(&self.repo_root).join(format!("target/profiling/{}", binary_name));
+        if !source_path.exists() {
+            return Err(eyre!("Compiled binary not found at {:?}", source_path));
+        }
+
+        // Create bin directory if it doesn't exist
+        let bin_dir = self.output_dir.join("bin");
+        fs::create_dir_all(&bin_dir).wrap_err("Failed to create bin directory")?;
+
+        // Copy binary to cache
+        fs::copy(&source_path, &cached_path).wrap_err("Failed to copy binary to cache")?;
+
+        // Make the cached binary executable
+        #[cfg(unix)]
+        {
+            use std::os::unix::fs::PermissionsExt;
+            let mut perms = fs::metadata(&cached_path)?.permissions();
+            perms.set_mode(0o755);
+            fs::set_permissions(&cached_path, perms)?;
+        }
+
+        info!("Cached compiled binary at: {:?}", cached_path);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Check if reth-bench is available in PATH
+    pub(crate) fn is_reth_bench_available(&self) -> bool {
+        match Command::new("which").arg("reth-bench").output() {
+            Ok(output) => {
+                if output.status.success() {
+                    let path = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout);
+                    info!("Found reth-bench: {}", path.trim());
+                    true
+                } else {
+                    false
+                }
+            }
+            Err(_) => false,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Check if samply is available in PATH
+    pub(crate) fn is_samply_available(&self) -> bool {
+        match Command::new("which").arg("samply").output() {
+            Ok(output) => {
+                if output.status.success() {
+                    let path = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout);
+                    info!("Found samply: {}", path.trim());
+                    true
+                } else {
+                    false
+                }
+            }
+            Err(_) => false,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Install samply using cargo
+    pub(crate) fn install_samply(&self) -> Result<()> {
+        info!("Installing samply via cargo...");
+
+        let mut cmd = Command::new("cargo");
+        cmd.args(["install", "--locked", "samply"]);
+
+        // Debug log the command
+        debug!("Executing cargo command: {:?}", cmd);
+
+        let output = cmd.output().wrap_err("Failed to execute cargo install samply command")?;
+
+        // Print stdout and stderr with prefixes at debug level
+        let stdout = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout);
+        let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
+
+        for line in stdout.lines() {
+            if !line.trim().is_empty() {
+                debug!("[CARGO-SAMPLY] {}", line);
+            }
+        }
+
+        for line in stderr.lines() {
+            if !line.trim().is_empty() {
+                debug!("[CARGO-SAMPLY] {}", line);
+            }
+        }
+
+        if !output.status.success() {
+            // Print all output when installation fails
+            error!("Cargo install samply failed with exit code: {:?}", output.status.code());
+
+            if !stdout.trim().is_empty() {
+                error!("Cargo stdout:");
+                for line in stdout.lines() {
+                    error!("  {}", line);
+                }
+            }
+
+            if !stderr.trim().is_empty() {
+                error!("Cargo stderr:");
+                for line in stderr.lines() {
+                    error!("  {}", line);
+                }
+            }
+
+            return Err(eyre!(
+                "samply installation failed with exit code: {:?}",
+                output.status.code()
+            ));
+        }
+
+        info!("Samply installation completed");
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Ensure samply is available, installing if necessary
+    pub(crate) fn ensure_samply_available(&self) -> Result<()> {
+        if self.is_samply_available() {
+            Ok(())
+        } else {
+            warn!("samply not found in PATH, installing...");
+            self.install_samply()
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Ensure reth-bench is available, compiling if necessary
+    pub(crate) fn ensure_reth_bench_available(&self) -> Result<()> {
+        if self.is_reth_bench_available() {
+            Ok(())
+        } else {
+            warn!("reth-bench not found in PATH, compiling and installing...");
+            self.compile_reth_bench()
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Compile and install reth-bench using `make install-reth-bench`
+    pub(crate) fn compile_reth_bench(&self) -> Result<()> {
+        info!("Compiling and installing reth-bench...");
+
+        let mut cmd = Command::new("make");
+        cmd.arg("install-reth-bench").current_dir(&self.repo_root);
+
+        // Debug log the command
+        debug!("Executing make command: {:?}", cmd);
+
+        let output = cmd.output().wrap_err("Failed to execute make install-reth-bench command")?;
+
+        // Print stdout and stderr with prefixes at debug level
+        let stdout = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout);
+        let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
+
+        for line in stdout.lines() {
+            if !line.trim().is_empty() {
+                debug!("[MAKE-BENCH] {}", line);
+            }
+        }
+
+        for line in stderr.lines() {
+            if !line.trim().is_empty() {
+                debug!("[MAKE-BENCH] {}", line);
+            }
+        }
+
+        if !output.status.success() {
+            // Print all output when compilation fails
+            error!("Make install-reth-bench failed with exit code: {:?}", output.status.code());
+
+            if !stdout.trim().is_empty() {
+                error!("Make stdout:");
+                for line in stdout.lines() {
+                    error!("  {}", line);
+                }
+            }
+
+            if !stderr.trim().is_empty() {
+                error!("Make stderr:");
+                for line in stderr.lines() {
+                    error!("  {}", line);
+                }
+            }
+
+            return Err(eyre!(
+                "reth-bench compilation failed with exit code: {:?}",
+                output.status.code()
+            ));
+        }
+
+        info!("Reth-bench compilation completed");
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
--- a/bin/reth-bench-compare/src/git.rs
+++ b/bin/reth-bench-compare/src/git.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,330 @@
+//! Git operations for branch management.
+
+use eyre::{eyre, Result, WrapErr};
+use std::process::Command;
+use tracing::{info, warn};
+
+/// Manages git operations for branch switching
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub(crate) struct GitManager {
+    repo_root: String,
+}
+
+impl GitManager {
+    /// Create a new `GitManager`, detecting the repository root
+    pub(crate) fn new() -> Result<Self> {
+        let output = Command::new("git")
+            .args(["rev-parse", "--show-toplevel"])
+            .output()
+            .wrap_err("Failed to execute git command - is git installed?")?;
+
+        if !output.status.success() {
+            return Err(eyre!("Not in a git repository or git command failed"));
+        }
+
+        let repo_root = String::from_utf8(output.stdout)
+            .wrap_err("Git output is not valid UTF-8")?
+            .trim()
+            .to_string();
+
+        let manager = Self { repo_root };
+        info!(
+            "Detected git repository at: {}, current reference: {}",
+            manager.repo_root(),
+            manager.get_current_ref()?
+        );
+
+        Ok(manager)
+    }
+
+    /// Get the current git branch name
+    pub(crate) fn get_current_branch(&self) -> Result<String> {
+        let output = Command::new("git")
+            .args(["branch", "--show-current"])
+            .current_dir(&self.repo_root)
+            .output()
+            .wrap_err("Failed to get current branch")?;
+
+        if !output.status.success() {
+            return Err(eyre!("Failed to determine current branch"));
+        }
+
+        let branch = String::from_utf8(output.stdout)
+            .wrap_err("Branch name is not valid UTF-8")?
+            .trim()
+            .to_string();
+
+        if branch.is_empty() {
+            return Err(eyre!("Not on a named branch (detached HEAD?)"));
+        }
+
+        Ok(branch)
+    }
+
+    /// Get the current git reference (branch name, tag, or commit hash)
+    pub(crate) fn get_current_ref(&self) -> Result<String> {
+        // First try to get branch name
+        if let Ok(branch) = self.get_current_branch() {
+            return Ok(branch);
+        }
+
+        // If not on a branch, check if we're on a tag
+        let tag_output = Command::new("git")
+            .args(["describe", "--exact-match", "--tags", "HEAD"])
+            .current_dir(&self.repo_root)
+            .output()
+            .wrap_err("Failed to check for tag")?;
+
+        if tag_output.status.success() {
+            let tag = String::from_utf8(tag_output.stdout)
+                .wrap_err("Tag name is not valid UTF-8")?
+                .trim()
+                .to_string();
+            return Ok(tag);
+        }
+
+        // If not on a branch or tag, return the commit hash
+        let commit_output = Command::new("git")
+            .args(["rev-parse", "HEAD"])
+            .current_dir(&self.repo_root)
+            .output()
+            .wrap_err("Failed to get current commit")?;
+
+        if !commit_output.status.success() {
+            return Err(eyre!("Failed to get current commit hash"));
+        }
+
+        let commit_hash = String::from_utf8(commit_output.stdout)
+            .wrap_err("Commit hash is not valid UTF-8")?
+            .trim()
+            .to_string();
+
+        Ok(commit_hash)
+    }
+
+    /// Check if the git working directory has uncommitted changes to tracked files
+    pub(crate) fn validate_clean_state(&self) -> Result<()> {
+        let output = Command::new("git")
+            .args(["status", "--porcelain"])
+            .current_dir(&self.repo_root)
+            .output()
+            .wrap_err("Failed to check git status")?;
+
+        if !output.status.success() {
+            return Err(eyre!("Git status command failed"));
+        }
+
+        let status_output =
+            String::from_utf8(output.stdout).wrap_err("Git status output is not valid UTF-8")?;
+
+        // Check for uncommitted changes to tracked files
+        // Status codes: M = modified, A = added, D = deleted, R = renamed, C = copied, U = updated
+        // ?? = untracked files (we want to ignore these)
+        let has_uncommitted_changes = status_output.lines().any(|line| {
+            if line.len() >= 2 {
+                let status = &line[0..2];
+                // Ignore untracked files (??) and ignored files (!!)
+                !matches!(status, "??" | "!!")
+            } else {
+                false
+            }
+        });
+
+        if has_uncommitted_changes {
+            warn!("Git working directory has uncommitted changes to tracked files:");
+            for line in status_output.lines() {
+                if line.len() >= 2 && !matches!(&line[0..2], "??" | "!!") {
+                    warn!("  {}", line);
+                }
+            }
+            return Err(eyre!(
+                "Git working directory has uncommitted changes to tracked files. Please commit or stash changes before running benchmark comparison."
+            ));
+        }
+
+        // Check if there are untracked files and log them as info
+        let untracked_files: Vec<&str> =
+            status_output.lines().filter(|line| line.starts_with("??")).collect();
+
+        if !untracked_files.is_empty() {
+            info!(
+                "Git working directory has {} untracked files (this is OK)",
+                untracked_files.len()
+            );
+        }
+
+        info!("Git working directory is clean (no uncommitted changes to tracked files)");
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Fetch all refs from remote to ensure we have latest branches and tags
+    pub(crate) fn fetch_all(&self) -> Result<()> {
+        let output = Command::new("git")
+            .args(["fetch", "--all", "--tags", "--quiet", "--force"])
+            .current_dir(&self.repo_root)
+            .output()
+            .wrap_err("Failed to fetch latest refs")?;
+
+        if output.status.success() {
+            info!("Fetched latest refs");
+        } else {
+            let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
+            // Only warn if there's actual error content, not just fetch progress
+            if !stderr.trim().is_empty() && !stderr.contains("-> origin/") {
+                warn!("Git fetch encountered issues (continuing anyway): {}", stderr);
+            }
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Validate that the specified git references exist (branches, tags, or commits)
+    pub(crate) fn validate_refs(&self, refs: &[&str]) -> Result<()> {
+        for &git_ref in refs {
+            // Try branch first, then tag, then commit
+            let branch_check = Command::new("git")
+                .args(["rev-parse", "--verify", &format!("refs/heads/{git_ref}")])
+                .current_dir(&self.repo_root)
+                .output();
+
+            let tag_check = Command::new("git")
+                .args(["rev-parse", "--verify", &format!("refs/tags/{git_ref}")])
+                .current_dir(&self.repo_root)
+                .output();
+
+            let commit_check = Command::new("git")
+                .args(["rev-parse", "--verify", &format!("{git_ref}^{{commit}}")])
+                .current_dir(&self.repo_root)
+                .output();
+
+            let found = if let Ok(output) = branch_check &&
+                output.status.success()
+            {
+                info!("Validated branch exists: {}", git_ref);
+                true
+            } else if let Ok(output) = tag_check &&
+                output.status.success()
+            {
+                info!("Validated tag exists: {}", git_ref);
+                true
+            } else if let Ok(output) = commit_check &&
+                output.status.success()
+            {
+                info!("Validated commit exists: {}", git_ref);
+                true
+            } else {
+                false
+            };
+
+            if !found {
+                return Err(eyre!(
+                    "Git reference '{}' does not exist as branch, tag, or commit",
+                    git_ref
+                ));
+            }
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Switch to the specified git reference (branch, tag, or commit)
+    pub(crate) fn switch_ref(&self, git_ref: &str) -> Result<()> {
+        // First checkout the reference
+        let output = Command::new("git")
+            .args(["checkout", git_ref])
+            .current_dir(&self.repo_root)
+            .output()
+            .wrap_err_with(|| format!("Failed to switch to reference '{git_ref}'"))?;
+
+        if !output.status.success() {
+            let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
+            return Err(eyre!("Failed to switch to reference '{}': {}", git_ref, stderr));
+        }
+
+        // Check if this is a branch that tracks a remote and pull latest changes
+        let is_branch = Command::new("git")
+            .args(["show-ref", "--verify", "--quiet", &format!("refs/heads/{git_ref}")])
+            .current_dir(&self.repo_root)
+            .status()
+            .map(|s| s.success())
+            .unwrap_or(false);
+
+        if is_branch {
+            // Check if the branch tracks a remote
+            let tracking_output = Command::new("git")
+                .args([
+                    "rev-parse",
+                    "--abbrev-ref",
+                    "--symbolic-full-name",
+                    &format!("{git_ref}@{{upstream}}"),
+                ])
+                .current_dir(&self.repo_root)
+                .output();
+
+            if let Ok(output) = tracking_output &&
+                output.status.success()
+            {
+                let upstream = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout).trim().to_string();
+                if !upstream.is_empty() && upstream != format!("{git_ref}@{{upstream}}") {
+                    // Branch tracks a remote, pull latest changes
+                    info!("Pulling latest changes for branch: {}", git_ref);
+
+                    let pull_output = Command::new("git")
+                        .args(["pull", "--ff-only"])
+                        .current_dir(&self.repo_root)
+                        .output()
+                        .wrap_err_with(|| {
+                            format!("Failed to pull latest changes for branch '{git_ref}'")
+                        })?;
+
+                    if pull_output.status.success() {
+                        info!("Successfully pulled latest changes for branch: {}", git_ref);
+                    } else {
+                        let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&pull_output.stderr);
+                        warn!("Failed to pull latest changes for branch '{}': {}", git_ref, stderr);
+                        // Continue anyway, we'll use whatever version we have
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Verify the checkout succeeded by checking the current commit
+        let current_commit_output = Command::new("git")
+            .args(["rev-parse", "HEAD"])
+            .current_dir(&self.repo_root)
+            .output()
+            .wrap_err("Failed to get current commit")?;
+
+        if !current_commit_output.status.success() {
+            return Err(eyre!("Failed to verify git checkout"));
+        }
+
+        info!("Switched to reference: {}", git_ref);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Get the current commit hash
+    pub(crate) fn get_current_commit(&self) -> Result<String> {
+        let output = Command::new("git")
+            .args(["rev-parse", "HEAD"])
+            .current_dir(&self.repo_root)
+            .output()
+            .wrap_err("Failed to get current commit")?;
+
+        if !output.status.success() {
+            return Err(eyre!("Failed to get current commit hash"));
+        }
+
+        let commit_hash = String::from_utf8(output.stdout)
+            .wrap_err("Commit hash is not valid UTF-8")?
+            .trim()
+            .to_string();
+
+        Ok(commit_hash)
+    }
+
+    /// Get the repository root path
+    pub(crate) fn repo_root(&self) -> &str {
+        &self.repo_root
+    }
+}
--- a/bin/reth-bench-compare/src/main.rs
+++ b/bin/reth-bench-compare/src/main.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+//! # reth-bench-compare
+//!
+//! Automated tool for comparing reth performance between two git branches.
+//! This tool automates the complete workflow of compiling, running, and benchmarking
+//! reth on different branches to provide meaningful performance comparisons.
+
+#![doc(
+    html_logo_url = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/paradigmxyz/reth/main/assets/reth-docs.png",
+    html_favicon_url = "https://avatars0.githubusercontent.com/u/97369466?s=256",
+    issue_tracker_base_url = "https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/issues/"
+)]
+#![cfg_attr(not(test), warn(unused_crate_dependencies))]
+
+#[global_allocator]
+static ALLOC: reth_cli_util::allocator::Allocator = reth_cli_util::allocator::new_allocator();
+
+mod benchmark;
+mod cli;
+mod comparison;
+mod compilation;
+mod git;
+mod node;
+
+use clap::Parser;
+use cli::{run_comparison, Args};
+use eyre::Result;
+use reth_cli_runner::CliRunner;
+
+fn main() -> Result<()> {
+    // Enable backtraces unless a RUST_BACKTRACE value has already been explicitly provided.
+    if std::env::var_os("RUST_BACKTRACE").is_none() {
+        unsafe {
+            std::env::set_var("RUST_BACKTRACE", "1");
+        }
+    }
+
+    let args = Args::parse();
+
+    // Initialize tracing
+    let _guard = args.init_tracing()?;
+
+    // Run until either exit or sigint or sigterm
+    let runner = CliRunner::try_default_runtime()?;
+    runner.run_command_until_exit(|ctx| run_comparison(args, ctx))
+}
--- a/bin/reth-bench-compare/src/node.rs
+++ b/bin/reth-bench-compare/src/node.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,511 @@
+//! Node management for starting, stopping, and controlling reth instances.
+
+use crate::cli::Args;
+use alloy_provider::{Provider, ProviderBuilder};
+use alloy_rpc_types_eth::SyncStatus;
+use eyre::{eyre, OptionExt, Result, WrapErr};
+#[cfg(unix)]
+use nix::sys::signal::{killpg, Signal};
+#[cfg(unix)]
+use nix::unistd::Pid;
+use reth_chainspec::Chain;
+use std::{fs, path::PathBuf, time::Duration};
+use tokio::{
+    fs::File as AsyncFile,
+    io::{AsyncBufReadExt, AsyncWriteExt, BufReader as AsyncBufReader},
+    process::Command,
+    time::{sleep, timeout},
+};
+use tracing::{debug, info, warn};
+
+/// Manages reth node lifecycle and operations
+pub(crate) struct NodeManager {
+    datadir: Option<String>,
+    metrics_port: u16,
+    chain: Chain,
+    use_sudo: bool,
+    binary_path: Option<std::path::PathBuf>,
+    enable_profiling: bool,
+    output_dir: PathBuf,
+    additional_reth_args: Vec<String>,
+    comparison_dir: Option<PathBuf>,
+}
+
+impl NodeManager {
+    /// Create a new `NodeManager` with configuration from CLI args
+    pub(crate) fn new(args: &Args) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            datadir: Some(args.datadir_path().to_string_lossy().to_string()),
+            metrics_port: args.metrics_port,
+            chain: args.chain,
+            use_sudo: args.sudo,
+            binary_path: None,
+            enable_profiling: args.profile,
+            output_dir: args.output_dir_path(),
+            additional_reth_args: args.reth_args.clone(),
+            comparison_dir: None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Set the comparison directory path for logging
+    pub(crate) fn set_comparison_dir(&mut self, dir: PathBuf) {
+        self.comparison_dir = Some(dir);
+    }
+
+    /// Get the log file path for a given reference type
+    fn get_log_file_path(&self, ref_type: &str) -> Result<PathBuf> {
+        let comparison_dir = self
+            .comparison_dir
+            .as_ref()
+            .ok_or_eyre("Comparison directory not set. Call set_comparison_dir first.")?;
+
+        // The comparison directory already contains the full path to results/<timestamp>
+        let log_dir = comparison_dir.join(ref_type);
+
+        // Create the directory if it doesn't exist
+        fs::create_dir_all(&log_dir)
+            .wrap_err(format!("Failed to create log directory: {:?}", log_dir))?;
+
+        let log_file = log_dir.join("reth_node.log");
+        Ok(log_file)
+    }
+
+    /// Get the perf event max sample rate from the system, capped at 10000
+    fn get_perf_sample_rate(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        let perf_rate_file = "/proc/sys/kernel/perf_event_max_sample_rate";
+        if let Ok(content) = fs::read_to_string(perf_rate_file) {
+            let rate_str = content.trim();
+            if !rate_str.is_empty() {
+                if let Ok(system_rate) = rate_str.parse::<u32>() {
+                    let capped_rate = std::cmp::min(system_rate, 10000);
+                    info!(
+                        "Detected perf_event_max_sample_rate: {}, using: {}",
+                        system_rate, capped_rate
+                    );
+                    return Some(capped_rate.to_string());
+                }
+                warn!("Failed to parse perf_event_max_sample_rate: {}", rate_str);
+            }
+        }
+        None
+    }
+
+    /// Get the absolute path to samply using 'which' command
+    async fn get_samply_path(&self) -> Result<String> {
+        let output = Command::new("which")
+            .arg("samply")
+            .output()
+            .await
+            .wrap_err("Failed to execute 'which samply' command")?;
+
+        if !output.status.success() {
+            return Err(eyre!("samply not found in PATH"));
+        }
+
+        let samply_path = String::from_utf8(output.stdout)
+            .wrap_err("samply path is not valid UTF-8")?
+            .trim()
+            .to_string();
+
+        if samply_path.is_empty() {
+            return Err(eyre!("which samply returned empty path"));
+        }
+
+        Ok(samply_path)
+    }
+
+    /// Build reth arguments as a vector of strings
+    fn build_reth_args(
+        &self,
+        binary_path_str: &str,
+        additional_args: &[String],
+    ) -> (Vec<String>, String) {
+        let mut reth_args = vec![binary_path_str.to_string(), "node".to_string()];
+
+        // Add chain argument (skip for mainnet as it's the default)
+        let chain_str = self.chain.to_string();
+        if chain_str != "mainnet" {
+            reth_args.extend_from_slice(&["--chain".to_string(), chain_str.clone()]);
+        }
+
+        // Add datadir if specified
+        if let Some(ref datadir) = self.datadir {
+            reth_args.extend_from_slice(&["--datadir".to_string(), datadir.clone()]);
+        }
+
+        // Add reth-specific arguments
+        let metrics_arg = format!("0.0.0.0:{}", self.metrics_port);
+        reth_args.extend_from_slice(&[
+            "--engine.accept-execution-requests-hash".to_string(),
+            "--metrics".to_string(),
+            metrics_arg,
+            "--http".to_string(),
+            "--http.api".to_string(),
+            "eth".to_string(),
+            "--disable-discovery".to_string(),
+            "--trusted-only".to_string(),
+        ]);
+
+        // Add any additional arguments passed via command line (common to both baseline and
+        // feature)
+        reth_args.extend_from_slice(&self.additional_reth_args);
+
+        // Add reference-specific additional arguments
+        reth_args.extend_from_slice(additional_args);
+
+        (reth_args, chain_str)
+    }
+
+    /// Create a command for profiling mode
+    async fn create_profiling_command(
+        &self,
+        ref_type: &str,
+        reth_args: &[String],
+    ) -> Result<Command> {
+        // Create profiles directory if it doesn't exist
+        let profile_dir = self.output_dir.join("profiles");
+        fs::create_dir_all(&profile_dir).wrap_err("Failed to create profiles directory")?;
+
+        let profile_path = profile_dir.join(format!("{}.json.gz", ref_type));
+        info!("Starting reth node with samply profiling...");
+        info!("Profile output: {:?}", profile_path);
+
+        // Get absolute path to samply
+        let samply_path = self.get_samply_path().await?;
+
+        let mut cmd = if self.use_sudo {
+            let mut sudo_cmd = Command::new("sudo");
+            sudo_cmd.arg(&samply_path);
+            sudo_cmd
+        } else {
+            Command::new(&samply_path)
+        };
+
+        // Add samply arguments
+        cmd.args(["record", "--save-only", "-o", &profile_path.to_string_lossy()]);
+
+        // Add rate argument if available
+        if let Some(rate) = self.get_perf_sample_rate() {
+            cmd.args(["--rate", &rate]);
+        }
+
+        // Add separator and complete reth command
+        cmd.arg("--");
+        cmd.args(reth_args);
+
+        Ok(cmd)
+    }
+
+    /// Create a command for direct reth execution
+    fn create_direct_command(&self, reth_args: &[String]) -> Command {
+        let binary_path = &reth_args[0];
+
+        if self.use_sudo {
+            info!("Starting reth node with sudo...");
+            let mut cmd = Command::new("sudo");
+            cmd.args(reth_args);
+            cmd
+        } else {
+            info!("Starting reth node...");
+            let mut cmd = Command::new(binary_path);
+            cmd.args(&reth_args[1..]); // Skip the binary path since it's the command
+            cmd
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Start a reth node using the specified binary path and return the process handle
+    pub(crate) async fn start_node(
+        &mut self,
+        binary_path: &std::path::Path,
+        _git_ref: &str,
+        ref_type: &str,
+        additional_args: &[String],
+    ) -> Result<tokio::process::Child> {
+        // Store the binary path for later use (e.g., in unwind_to_block)
+        self.binary_path = Some(binary_path.to_path_buf());
+
+        let binary_path_str = binary_path.to_string_lossy();
+        let (reth_args, _) = self.build_reth_args(&binary_path_str, additional_args);
+
+        // Log additional arguments if any
+        if !self.additional_reth_args.is_empty() {
+            info!("Using common additional reth arguments: {:?}", self.additional_reth_args);
+        }
+        if !additional_args.is_empty() {
+            info!("Using reference-specific additional reth arguments: {:?}", additional_args);
+        }
+
+        let mut cmd = if self.enable_profiling {
+            self.create_profiling_command(ref_type, &reth_args).await?
+        } else {
+            self.create_direct_command(&reth_args)
+        };
+
+        // Set process group for better signal handling
+        #[cfg(unix)]
+        {
+            cmd.process_group(0);
+        }
+
+        debug!("Executing reth command: {cmd:?}");
+
+        let mut child = cmd
+            .stdout(std::process::Stdio::piped())
+            .stderr(std::process::Stdio::piped())
+            .kill_on_drop(true) // Kill on drop so that on Ctrl-C for parent process we stop all child processes
+            .spawn()
+            .wrap_err("Failed to start reth node")?;
+
+        info!(
+            "Reth node started with PID: {:?} (binary: {})",
+            child.id().ok_or_eyre("Reth node is not running")?,
+            binary_path_str
+        );
+
+        // Prepare log file path
+        let log_file_path = self.get_log_file_path(ref_type)?;
+        info!("Reth node logs will be saved to: {:?}", log_file_path);
+
+        // Stream stdout and stderr with prefixes at debug level and to log file
+        if let Some(stdout) = child.stdout.take() {
+            let log_file = AsyncFile::create(&log_file_path)
+                .await
+                .wrap_err(format!("Failed to create log file: {:?}", log_file_path))?;
+            tokio::spawn(async move {
+                let reader = AsyncBufReader::new(stdout);
+                let mut lines = reader.lines();
+                let mut log_file = log_file;
+                while let Ok(Some(line)) = lines.next_line().await {
+                    debug!("[RETH] {}", line);
+                    // Write to log file (reth already includes timestamps)
+                    let log_line = format!("{}\n", line);
+                    if let Err(e) = log_file.write_all(log_line.as_bytes()).await {
+                        debug!("Failed to write to log file: {}", e);
+                    }
+                }
+            });
+        }
+
+        if let Some(stderr) = child.stderr.take() {
+            let log_file = AsyncFile::options()
+                .create(true)
+                .append(true)
+                .open(&log_file_path)
+                .await
+                .wrap_err(format!("Failed to open log file for stderr: {:?}", log_file_path))?;
+            tokio::spawn(async move {
+                let reader = AsyncBufReader::new(stderr);
+                let mut lines = reader.lines();
+                let mut log_file = log_file;
+                while let Ok(Some(line)) = lines.next_line().await {
+                    debug!("[RETH] {}", line);
+                    // Write to log file (reth already includes timestamps)
+                    let log_line = format!("{}\n", line);
+                    if let Err(e) = log_file.write_all(log_line.as_bytes()).await {
+                        debug!("Failed to write to log file: {}", e);
+                    }
+                }
+            });
+        }
+
+        // Give the node a moment to start up
+        sleep(Duration::from_secs(5)).await;
+
+        Ok(child)
+    }
+
+    /// Wait for the node to be ready and return its current tip
+    pub(crate) async fn wait_for_node_ready_and_get_tip(&self) -> Result<u64> {
+        info!("Waiting for node to be ready and synced...");
+
+        let max_wait = Duration::from_secs(120); // 2 minutes to allow for sync
+        let check_interval = Duration::from_secs(2);
+        let rpc_url = "http://localhost:8545";
+
+        // Create Alloy provider
+        let url = rpc_url.parse().map_err(|e| eyre!("Invalid RPC URL '{}': {}", rpc_url, e))?;
+        let provider = ProviderBuilder::new().connect_http(url);
+
+        timeout(max_wait, async {
+            loop {
+                // First check if RPC is up and node is not syncing
+                match provider.syncing().await {
+                    Ok(sync_result) => {
+                        match sync_result {
+                            SyncStatus::Info(sync_info) => {
+                                debug!("Node is still syncing {sync_info:?}, waiting...");
+                            }
+                            _ => {
+                                // Node is not syncing, now get the tip
+                                match provider.get_block_number().await {
+                                    Ok(tip) => {
+                                        info!("Node is ready and not syncing at block: {}", tip);
+                                        return Ok(tip);
+                                    }
+                                    Err(e) => {
+                                        debug!("Failed to get block number: {}", e);
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    Err(e) => {
+                        debug!("Node RPC not ready yet or failed to check sync status: {}", e);
+                    }
+                }
+
+                sleep(check_interval).await;
+            }
+        })
+        .await
+        .wrap_err("Timed out waiting for node to be ready and synced")?
+    }
+
+    /// Stop the reth node gracefully
+    pub(crate) async fn stop_node(&self, child: &mut tokio::process::Child) -> Result<()> {
+        let pid = child.id().expect("Child process ID should be available");
+
+        // Check if the process has already exited
+        match child.try_wait() {
+            Ok(Some(status)) => {
+                info!("Reth node (PID: {}) has already exited with status: {:?}", pid, status);
+                return Ok(());
+            }
+            Ok(None) => {
+                // Process is still running, proceed to stop it
+                info!("Stopping process gracefully with SIGINT (PID: {})...", pid);
+            }
+            Err(e) => {
+                return Err(eyre!("Failed to check process status: {}", e));
+            }
+        }
+
+        #[cfg(unix)]
+        {
+            // Send SIGINT to process group to mimic Ctrl-C behavior
+            let nix_pgid = Pid::from_raw(pid as i32);
+
+            match killpg(nix_pgid, Signal::SIGINT) {
+                Ok(()) => {}
+                Err(nix::errno::Errno::ESRCH) => {
+                    info!("Process group {} has already exited", pid);
+                }
+                Err(e) => {
+                    return Err(eyre!("Failed to send SIGINT to process group {}: {}", pid, e));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        #[cfg(not(unix))]
+        {
+            // On non-Unix systems, fall back to using external kill command
+            let output = Command::new("taskkill")
+                .args(["/PID", &pid.to_string(), "/F"])
+                .output()
+                .await
+                .wrap_err("Failed to execute taskkill command")?;
+
+            if !output.status.success() {
+                let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
+                // Check if the error is because the process doesn't exist
+                if stderr.contains("not found") || stderr.contains("not exist") {
+                    info!("Process {} has already exited", pid);
+                } else {
+                    return Err(eyre!("Failed to kill process {}: {}", pid, stderr));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Wait for the process to exit
+        match child.wait().await {
+            Ok(status) => {
+                info!("Reth node (PID: {}) exited with status: {:?}", pid, status);
+            }
+            Err(e) => {
+                // If we get an error here, it might be because the process already exited
+                debug!("Error waiting for process exit (may have already exited): {}", e);
+            }
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Unwind the node to a specific block
+    pub(crate) async fn unwind_to_block(&self, block_number: u64) -> Result<()> {
+        if self.use_sudo {
+            info!("Unwinding node to block: {} (with sudo)", block_number);
+        } else {
+            info!("Unwinding node to block: {}", block_number);
+        }
+
+        // Use the binary path from the last start_node call, or fallback to default
+        let binary_path = self
+            .binary_path
+            .as_ref()
+            .map(|p| p.to_string_lossy().to_string())
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| "./target/profiling/reth".to_string());
+
+        let mut cmd = if self.use_sudo {
+            let mut sudo_cmd = Command::new("sudo");
+            sudo_cmd.args([&binary_path, "stage", "unwind"]);
+            sudo_cmd
+        } else {
+            let mut reth_cmd = Command::new(&binary_path);
+            reth_cmd.args(["stage", "unwind"]);
+            reth_cmd
+        };
+
+        // Add chain argument (skip for mainnet as it's the default)
+        let chain_str = self.chain.to_string();
+        if chain_str != "mainnet" {
+            cmd.args(["--chain", &chain_str]);
+        }
+
+        // Add datadir if specified
+        if let Some(ref datadir) = self.datadir {
+            cmd.args(["--datadir", datadir]);
+        }
+
+        cmd.args(["to-block", &block_number.to_string()]);
+
+        // Debug log the command
+        debug!("Executing reth unwind command: {:?}", cmd);
+
+        let mut child = cmd
+            .stdout(std::process::Stdio::piped())
+            .stderr(std::process::Stdio::piped())
+            .spawn()
+            .wrap_err("Failed to start unwind command")?;
+
+        // Stream stdout and stderr with prefixes in real-time
+        if let Some(stdout) = child.stdout.take() {
+            tokio::spawn(async move {
+                let reader = AsyncBufReader::new(stdout);
+                let mut lines = reader.lines();
+                while let Ok(Some(line)) = lines.next_line().await {
+                    debug!("[RETH-UNWIND] {}", line);
+                }
+            });
+        }
+
+        if let Some(stderr) = child.stderr.take() {
+            tokio::spawn(async move {
+                let reader = AsyncBufReader::new(stderr);
+                let mut lines = reader.lines();
+                while let Ok(Some(line)) = lines.next_line().await {
+                    debug!("[RETH-UNWIND] {}", line);
+                }
+            });
+        }
+
+        // Wait for the command to complete
+        let status = child.wait().await.wrap_err("Failed to wait for unwind command")?;
+
+        if !status.success() {
+            return Err(eyre!("Unwind command failed with exit code: {:?}", status.code()));
+        }
+
+        info!("Unwound to block: {}", block_number);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
--- a/bin/reth-bench/Cargo.toml
+++ b/bin/reth-bench/Cargo.toml
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ alloy-transport-ipc.workspace = true
 alloy-transport-ws.workspace = true
 alloy-transport.workspace = true
 op-alloy-consensus = { workspace = true, features = ["alloy-compat"] }
+op-alloy-rpc-types-engine = { workspace = true, features = ["serde"] }

 # reqwest
 reqwest = { workspace = true, default-features = false, features = ["rustls-tls-native-roots"] }
@@ -64,7 +65,6 @@ humantime.workspace = true
 csv.workspace = true

 [dev-dependencies]
-reth-tracing.workspace = true

 [features]
 default = ["jemalloc"]
@@ -81,11 +81,26 @@ jemalloc = [
 jemalloc-prof = ["reth-cli-util/jemalloc-prof"]
 tracy-allocator = ["reth-cli-util/tracy-allocator"]

-min-error-logs = ["tracing/release_max_level_error"]
-min-warn-logs = ["tracing/release_max_level_warn"]
-min-info-logs = ["tracing/release_max_level_info"]
-min-debug-logs = ["tracing/release_max_level_debug"]
-min-trace-logs = ["tracing/release_max_level_trace"]
+min-error-logs = [
+    "tracing/release_max_level_error",
+    "reth-node-core/min-error-logs",
+]
+min-warn-logs = [
+    "tracing/release_max_level_warn",
+    "reth-node-core/min-warn-logs",
+]
+min-info-logs = [
+    "tracing/release_max_level_info",
+    "reth-node-core/min-info-logs",
+]
+min-debug-logs = [
+    "tracing/release_max_level_debug",
+    "reth-node-core/min-debug-logs",
+]
+min-trace-logs = [
+    "tracing/release_max_level_trace",
+    "reth-node-core/min-trace-logs",
+]

 # no-op feature flag for switching between the `optimism` and default functionality in CI matrices
 ethereum = []
--- a/bin/reth-bench/README.md
+++ b/bin/reth-bench/README.md
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ reth stage unwind to-block 21000000

 The following `reth-bench` command would then start the benchmark at block 21,000,000:
 ```bash
-reth-bench new-payload-fcu --rpc-url <rpc-url> --from 21000000 --to <end_block> --jwtsecret <jwt_file_path>
+reth-bench new-payload-fcu --rpc-url <rpc-url> --from 21000000 --to <end_block> --jwt-secret <jwt_file_path>
 ```

 Finally, make sure that reth is built using a build profile suitable for what you are trying to measure.
@@ -80,11 +80,11 @@ RUSTFLAGS="-C target-cpu=native" cargo build --profile profiling --no-default-fe
 ### Run the Benchmark:
 First, start the reth node. Here is an example that runs `reth` compiled with the `profiling` profile, runs `samply`, and configures `reth` to run with metrics enabled:
 ```bash
-samply record -p 3001 target/profiling/reth node --metrics localhost:9001 --authrpc.jwtsecret <jwt_file_path>
+samply record -p 3001 target/profiling/reth node --metrics localhost:9001 --authrpc.jwt-secret <jwt_file_path>
 ```

 ```bash
-reth-bench new-payload-fcu --rpc-url <rpc-url> --from <start_block> --to <end_block> --jwtsecret <jwt_file_path>
+reth-bench new-payload-fcu --rpc-url <rpc-url> --from <start_block> --to <end_block> --jwt-secret <jwt_file_path>
 ```

 Replace `<start_block>`, `<end_block>`, and `<jwt_file_path>` with the appropriate values for your testing environment. `<rpc-url>` should be the URL of an RPC endpoint that can provide the blocks that will be used during the execution.
@@ -92,6 +92,18 @@ This should NOT be the node that is being used for the benchmark. The node behin
 the benchmark. The node being benchmarked will not have these blocks.
 Note that this assumes that the benchmark node's engine API is running on `http://127.0.0.1:8551`, which is set as a default value in `reth-bench`. To configure this value, use the `--engine-rpc-url` flag.

+#### Using the `--advance` argument
+
+The `--advance` argument allows you to benchmark a relative number of blocks from the current head, without manually specifying `--from` and `--to`.
+
+```bash
+# Benchmark the next 10 blocks from the current head
+reth-bench new-payload-fcu --advance 10 --jwt-secret <jwt_file_path> --rpc-url <rpc-url>
+
+# Benchmark the next 50 blocks with a different subcommand
+reth-bench new-payload-only --advance 50 --jwt-secret <jwt_file_path> --rpc-url <rpc-url>
+```
+
 ### Observe Outputs

 After running the command, `reth-bench` will output benchmark results, showing processing speeds and gas usage, which are useful metrics for analyzing the node's performance.
--- a/bin/reth-bench/scripts/compare_newpayload_latency.py
+++ b/bin/reth-bench/scripts/compare_newpayload_latency.py
@@ -1,4 +1,12 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
+#!/usr/bin/env -S uv run
+# /// script
+# requires-python = ">=3.8"
+# dependencies = [
+#     "pandas",
+#     "matplotlib",
+#     "numpy",
+# ]
+# ///

 # A simple script which plots graphs comparing two combined_latency.csv files
 # output by reth-bench. The graphs which are plotted are:
@@ -8,6 +16,8 @@
 #
 # - A simple line graph plotting the latencies of the two files against each
 #   other.
+#
+# - A gas per second (gas/s) chart showing throughput over time.


 import argparse
@@ -15,15 +25,82 @@ import pandas as pd
 import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
 import numpy as np
 import sys
+import os
+from matplotlib.ticker import FuncFormatter
+
+def get_output_filename(base_path, suffix=None):
+    """Generate output filename with optional suffix."""
+    if suffix is None:
+        return base_path
+    
+    # Split the base path into directory, name, and extension
+    dir_name = os.path.dirname(base_path)
+    base_name = os.path.basename(base_path)
+    name, ext = os.path.splitext(base_name)
+    
+    # Create new filename with suffix
+    new_name = f"{name}_{suffix}{ext}"
+    return os.path.join(dir_name, new_name) if dir_name else new_name
+
+def format_gas_units(value, pos):
+    """Format gas values with appropriate units (gas, Kgas, Mgas, Ggas, Tgas)."""
+    if value == 0:
+        return '0'
+    
+    # Define unit thresholds and labels
+    units = [
+        (1e12, 'Tgas'),  # Teragas
+        (1e9, 'Ggas'),   # Gigagas
+        (1e6, 'Mgas'),   # Megagas
+        (1e3, 'Kgas'),   # Kilogas
+        (1, 'gas')       # gas
+    ]
+    
+    abs_value = abs(value)
+    for threshold, unit in units:
+        if abs_value >= threshold:
+            scaled_value = value / threshold
+            # Format with appropriate precision
+            if scaled_value >= 100:
+                return f'{scaled_value:.0f}{unit}/s'
+            elif scaled_value >= 10:
+                return f'{scaled_value:.1f}{unit}/s'
+            else:
+                return f'{scaled_value:.2f}{unit}/s'
+    
+    return f'{value:.0f}gas/s'
+
+def moving_average(data, window_size):
+    """Calculate moving average with given window size."""
+    if window_size <= 1:
+        return data
+    
+    # Use pandas for efficient rolling mean calculation
+    series = pd.Series(data)
+    return series.rolling(window=window_size, center=True, min_periods=1).mean().values

 def main():
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Generate histogram of total_latency percent differences between two CSV files')
    parser.add_argument('baseline_csv', help='First CSV file, used as the baseline/control')
    parser.add_argument('comparison_csv', help='Second CSV file, which is being compared to the baseline')
    parser.add_argument('-o', '--output', default='latency.png', help='Output image file (default: latency.png)')
+    parser.add_argument('--graphs', default='all', help='Comma-separated list of graphs to plot: histogram, line, gas, all (default: all)')
+    parser.add_argument('--average', type=int, metavar='N', help='Apply moving average over N blocks to smooth line and gas charts')
+    parser.add_argument('--separate', action='store_true', help='Output each chart as a separate file')

    args = parser.parse_args()

+    # Parse graph selection
+    if args.graphs.lower() == 'all':
+        selected_graphs = {'histogram', 'line', 'gas'}
+    else:
+        selected_graphs = set(graph.strip().lower() for graph in args.graphs.split(','))
+        valid_graphs = {'histogram', 'line', 'gas'}
+        invalid_graphs = selected_graphs - valid_graphs
+        if invalid_graphs:
+            print(f"Error: Invalid graph types: {', '.join(invalid_graphs)}. Valid options are: histogram, line, gas, all", file=sys.stderr)
+            sys.exit(1)
+
    try:
        df1 = pd.read_csv(args.baseline_csv)
        df2 = pd.read_csv(args.comparison_csv)
@@ -42,14 +119,24 @@ def main():
        print(f"Error: 'total_latency' column not found in {args.comparison_csv}", file=sys.stderr)
        sys.exit(1)

+    # Check for gas_used column if gas graph is selected
+    if 'gas' in selected_graphs:
+        if 'gas_used' not in df1.columns:
+            print(f"Error: 'gas_used' column not found in {args.baseline_csv} (required for gas graph)", file=sys.stderr)
+            sys.exit(1)
+        if 'gas_used' not in df2.columns:
+            print(f"Error: 'gas_used' column not found in {args.comparison_csv} (required for gas graph)", file=sys.stderr)
+            sys.exit(1)
+
    if len(df1) != len(df2):
        print("Warning: CSV files have different number of rows. Using minimum length.", file=sys.stderr)
        min_len = min(len(df1), len(df2))
        df1 = df1.head(min_len)
        df2 = df2.head(min_len)

-    latency1 = df1['total_latency'].values
-    latency2 = df2['total_latency'].values
+    # Convert from microseconds to milliseconds for better readability
+    latency1 = df1['total_latency'].values / 1000.0
+    latency2 = df2['total_latency'].values / 1000.0

    # Handle division by zero
    with np.errstate(divide='ignore', invalid='ignore'):
@@ -62,54 +149,220 @@ def main():
        print("Error: No valid percent differences could be calculated", file=sys.stderr)
        sys.exit(1)

-    # Create histogram with 1% buckets
-    min_diff = np.floor(percent_diff.min())
-    max_diff = np.ceil(percent_diff.max())
-
-    bins = np.arange(min_diff, max_diff + 1, 1)
-
-    # Create figure with two subplots
-    fig, (ax1, ax2) = plt.subplots(2, 1, figsize=(12, 12))
-
-    # Top subplot: Histogram
-    ax1.hist(percent_diff, bins=bins, edgecolor='black', alpha=0.7)
-    ax1.set_xlabel('Percent Difference (%)')
-    ax1.set_ylabel('Number of Blocks')
-    ax1.set_title(f'Total Latency Percent Difference Histogram\n({args.baseline_csv} vs {args.comparison_csv})')
-    ax1.grid(True, alpha=0.3)
-
-    # Add statistics to the histogram
+    # Calculate statistics once for use in graphs and output
    mean_diff = np.mean(percent_diff)
    median_diff = np.median(percent_diff)
-    ax1.axvline(mean_diff, color='red', linestyle='--', label=f'Mean: {mean_diff:.2f}%')
-    ax1.axvline(median_diff, color='orange', linestyle='--', label=f'Median: {median_diff:.2f}%')
-    ax1.legend()

-    # Bottom subplot: Latency vs Block Number
-    if 'block_number' in df1.columns and 'block_number' in df2.columns:
-        block_numbers = df1['block_number'].values[:len(percent_diff)]
-        ax2.plot(block_numbers, latency1[:len(percent_diff)], 'b-', alpha=0.7, label=f'Baseline ({args.baseline_csv})')
-        ax2.plot(block_numbers, latency2[:len(percent_diff)], 'r-', alpha=0.7, label=f'Comparison ({args.comparison_csv})')
-        ax2.set_xlabel('Block Number')
-        ax2.set_ylabel('Total Latency (ms)')
-        ax2.set_title('Total Latency vs Block Number')
-        ax2.grid(True, alpha=0.3)
-        ax2.legend()
+    # Determine number of subplots and create figure
+    num_plots = len(selected_graphs)
+    if num_plots == 0:
+        print("Error: No valid graphs selected", file=sys.stderr)
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    # Store output filenames
+    output_files = []
+    
+    if args.separate:
+        # We'll create individual figures for each graph
+        pass
    else:
-        # If no block_number column, use index
-        indices = np.arange(len(percent_diff))
-        ax2.plot(indices, latency1[:len(percent_diff)], 'b-', alpha=0.7, label=f'Baseline ({args.baseline_csv})')
-        ax2.plot(indices, latency2[:len(percent_diff)], 'r-', alpha=0.7, label=f'Comparison ({args.comparison_csv})')
-        ax2.set_xlabel('Block Index')
-        ax2.set_ylabel('Total Latency (ms)')
-        ax2.set_title('Total Latency vs Block Index')
-        ax2.grid(True, alpha=0.3)
-        ax2.legend()
+        # Create combined figure
+        if num_plots == 1:
+            fig, ax = plt.subplots(1, 1, figsize=(12, 6))
+            axes = [ax]
+        else:
+            fig, axes = plt.subplots(num_plots, 1, figsize=(12, 6 * num_plots))

-    plt.tight_layout()
-    plt.savefig(args.output, dpi=300, bbox_inches='tight')
-    print(f"Histogram and latency graph saved to {args.output}")
+    plot_idx = 0

+    # Plot histogram if selected
+    if 'histogram' in selected_graphs:
+        if args.separate:
+            fig, ax = plt.subplots(1, 1, figsize=(12, 6))
+        else:
+            ax = axes[plot_idx]
+            
+        min_diff = np.floor(percent_diff.min())
+        max_diff = np.ceil(percent_diff.max())
+
+        # Create histogram with 1% buckets
+        bins = np.arange(min_diff, max_diff + 1, 1)
+
+        ax.hist(percent_diff, bins=bins, edgecolor='black', alpha=0.7)
+        ax.set_xlabel('Percent Difference (%)')
+        ax.set_ylabel('Number of Blocks')
+        ax.set_title(f'Total Latency Percent Difference Histogram\n({args.baseline_csv} vs {args.comparison_csv})')
+        ax.grid(True, alpha=0.3)
+
+        # Add statistics to the histogram
+        ax.axvline(mean_diff, color='red', linestyle='--', label=f'Mean: {mean_diff:.2f}%')
+        ax.axvline(median_diff, color='orange', linestyle='--', label=f'Median: {median_diff:.2f}%')
+        ax.legend()
+        
+        if args.separate:
+            plt.tight_layout()
+            output_file = get_output_filename(args.output, 'histogram')
+            plt.savefig(output_file, dpi=300, bbox_inches='tight')
+            output_files.append(output_file)
+            plt.close(fig)
+        else:
+            plot_idx += 1
+
+    # Plot line graph if selected
+    if 'line' in selected_graphs:
+        if args.separate:
+            fig, ax = plt.subplots(1, 1, figsize=(12, 6))
+        else:
+            ax = axes[plot_idx]
+            
+        # Determine comparison color based on median change. The median being
+        # negative means processing time got faster, so that becomes green.
+        comparison_color = 'green' if median_diff < 0 else 'red'
+
+        # Apply moving average if requested
+        plot_latency1 = latency1[:len(percent_diff)]
+        plot_latency2 = latency2[:len(percent_diff)]
+        
+        if args.average:
+            plot_latency1 = moving_average(plot_latency1, args.average)
+            plot_latency2 = moving_average(plot_latency2, args.average)
+        if 'block_number' in df1.columns and 'block_number' in df2.columns:
+            block_numbers = df1['block_number'].values[:len(percent_diff)]
+            ax.plot(block_numbers, plot_latency1, 'orange', alpha=0.7, label=f'Baseline ({args.baseline_csv})')
+            ax.plot(block_numbers, plot_latency2, comparison_color, alpha=0.7, label=f'Comparison ({args.comparison_csv})')
+            ax.set_xlabel('Block Number')
+            ax.set_ylabel('Total Latency (ms)')
+            title = 'Total Latency vs Block Number'
+            if args.average:
+                title += f' ({args.average}-block moving average)'
+            ax.set_title(title)
+            ax.grid(True, alpha=0.3)
+            ax.legend()
+        else:
+            # If no block_number column, use index
+            indices = np.arange(len(percent_diff))
+            ax.plot(indices, plot_latency1, 'orange', alpha=0.7, label=f'Baseline ({args.baseline_csv})')
+            ax.plot(indices, plot_latency2, comparison_color, alpha=0.7, label=f'Comparison ({args.comparison_csv})')
+            ax.set_xlabel('Block Index')
+            ax.set_ylabel('Total Latency (ms)')
+            title = 'Total Latency vs Block Index'
+            if args.average:
+                title += f' ({args.average}-block moving average)'
+            ax.set_title(title)
+            ax.grid(True, alpha=0.3)
+            ax.legend()
+        
+        if args.separate:
+            plt.tight_layout()
+            output_file = get_output_filename(args.output, 'line')
+            plt.savefig(output_file, dpi=300, bbox_inches='tight')
+            output_files.append(output_file)
+            plt.close(fig)
+        else:
+            plot_idx += 1
+
+    # Plot gas/s graph if selected
+    if 'gas' in selected_graphs:
+        if args.separate:
+            fig, ax = plt.subplots(1, 1, figsize=(12, 6))
+        else:
+            ax = axes[plot_idx]
+            
+        # Calculate gas per second (gas/s)
+        # latency is in microseconds, so convert to seconds for gas/s calculation
+        gas1 = df1['gas_used'].values[:len(percent_diff)]
+        gas2 = df2['gas_used'].values[:len(percent_diff)]
+        
+        # Convert latency from microseconds to seconds
+        latency1_sec = df1['total_latency'].values[:len(percent_diff)] / 1_000_000.0
+        latency2_sec = df2['total_latency'].values[:len(percent_diff)] / 1_000_000.0
+        
+        # Calculate gas per second
+        gas_per_sec1 = gas1 / latency1_sec
+        gas_per_sec2 = gas2 / latency2_sec
+        
+        # Store original values for statistics before averaging
+        original_gas_per_sec1 = gas_per_sec1.copy()
+        original_gas_per_sec2 = gas_per_sec2.copy()
+        
+        # Apply moving average if requested
+        if args.average:
+            gas_per_sec1 = moving_average(gas_per_sec1, args.average)
+            gas_per_sec2 = moving_average(gas_per_sec2, args.average)
+        
+        # Calculate median gas/s for color determination (use original values)
+        median_gas_per_sec1 = np.median(original_gas_per_sec1)
+        median_gas_per_sec2 = np.median(original_gas_per_sec2)
+        comparison_color = 'green' if median_gas_per_sec2 > median_gas_per_sec1 else 'red'
+        
+        if 'block_number' in df1.columns and 'block_number' in df2.columns:
+            block_numbers = df1['block_number'].values[:len(percent_diff)]
+            ax.plot(block_numbers, gas_per_sec1, 'orange', alpha=0.7, label=f'Baseline ({args.baseline_csv})')
+            ax.plot(block_numbers, gas_per_sec2, comparison_color, alpha=0.7, label=f'Comparison ({args.comparison_csv})')
+            ax.set_xlabel('Block Number')
+            ax.set_ylabel('Gas Throughput')
+            title = 'Gas Throughput vs Block Number'
+            if args.average:
+                title += f' ({args.average}-block moving average)'
+            ax.set_title(title)
+            ax.grid(True, alpha=0.3)
+            ax.legend()
+            
+            # Format Y-axis with gas units
+            formatter = FuncFormatter(format_gas_units)
+            ax.yaxis.set_major_formatter(formatter)
+        else:
+            # If no block_number column, use index
+            indices = np.arange(len(percent_diff))
+            ax.plot(indices, gas_per_sec1, 'orange', alpha=0.7, label=f'Baseline ({args.baseline_csv})')
+            ax.plot(indices, gas_per_sec2, comparison_color, alpha=0.7, label=f'Comparison ({args.comparison_csv})')
+            ax.set_xlabel('Block Index')
+            ax.set_ylabel('Gas Throughput')
+            title = 'Gas Throughput vs Block Index'
+            if args.average:
+                title += f' ({args.average}-block moving average)'
+            ax.set_title(title)
+            ax.grid(True, alpha=0.3)
+            ax.legend()
+            
+            # Format Y-axis with gas units
+            formatter = FuncFormatter(format_gas_units)
+            ax.yaxis.set_major_formatter(formatter)
+        
+        if args.separate:
+            plt.tight_layout()
+            output_file = get_output_filename(args.output, 'gas')
+            plt.savefig(output_file, dpi=300, bbox_inches='tight')
+            output_files.append(output_file)
+            plt.close(fig)
+        else:
+            plot_idx += 1
+
+    # Save combined figure if not using separate files
+    if not args.separate:
+        plt.tight_layout()
+        plt.savefig(args.output, dpi=300, bbox_inches='tight')
+        output_files.append(args.output)
+
+    # Create graph type description for output message
+    graph_types = []
+    if 'histogram' in selected_graphs:
+        graph_types.append('histogram')
+    if 'line' in selected_graphs:
+        graph_types.append('latency graph')
+    if 'gas' in selected_graphs:
+        graph_types.append('gas/s graph')
+    graph_desc = ' and '.join(graph_types)
+    
+    # Print output file(s) information
+    if args.separate:
+        print(f"Saved {len(output_files)} separate files:")
+        for output_file in output_files:
+            print(f"  - {output_file}")
+    else:
+        print(f"{graph_desc.capitalize()} saved to {args.output}")
+
+    # Always print statistics
    print(f"\nStatistics:")
    print(f"Mean percent difference: {mean_diff:.2f}%")
    print(f"Median percent difference: {median_diff:.2f}%")
@@ -117,6 +370,15 @@ def main():
    print(f"Min: {percent_diff.min():.2f}%")
    print(f"Max: {percent_diff.max():.2f}%")
    print(f"Total blocks analyzed: {len(percent_diff)}")
+    
+    # Print gas/s statistics if gas data is available
+    if 'gas' in selected_graphs:
+        # Use original values for statistics (not averaged)
+        print(f"\nGas/s Statistics:")
+        print(f"Baseline median gas/s: {median_gas_per_sec1:,.0f}")
+        print(f"Comparison median gas/s: {median_gas_per_sec2:,.0f}")
+        gas_diff_percent = ((median_gas_per_sec2 - median_gas_per_sec1) / median_gas_per_sec1) * 100
+        print(f"Gas/s percent change: {gas_diff_percent:+.2f}%")

 if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()
--- a/bin/reth-bench/src/bench/context.rs
+++ b/bin/reth-bench/src/bench/context.rs
@@ -3,9 +3,11 @@

 use crate::{authenticated_transport::AuthenticatedTransportConnect, bench_mode::BenchMode};
 use alloy_eips::BlockNumberOrTag;
+use alloy_primitives::address;
 use alloy_provider::{network::AnyNetwork, Provider, RootProvider};
 use alloy_rpc_client::ClientBuilder;
 use alloy_rpc_types_engine::JwtSecret;
+use alloy_transport::layers::RetryBackoffLayer;
 use reqwest::Url;
 use reth_node_core::args::BenchmarkArgs;
 use tracing::info;
@@ -25,6 +27,8 @@ pub(crate) struct BenchContext {
    pub(crate) benchmark_mode: BenchMode,
    /// The next block to fetch.
    pub(crate) next_block: u64,
+    /// Whether the chain is an OP rollup.
+    pub(crate) is_optimism: bool,
 }

 impl BenchContext {
@@ -33,26 +37,35 @@ impl BenchContext {
    pub(crate) async fn new(bench_args: &BenchmarkArgs, rpc_url: String) -> eyre::Result<Self> {
        info!("Running benchmark using data from RPC URL: {}", rpc_url);

-        // Ensure that output directory is a directory
+        // Ensure that output directory exists and is a directory
        if let Some(output) = &bench_args.output {
            if output.is_file() {
                return Err(eyre::eyre!("Output path must be a directory"));
            }
+            // Create the directory if it doesn't exist
+            if !output.exists() {
+                std::fs::create_dir_all(output)?;
+                info!("Created output directory: {:?}", output);
+            }
        }

        // set up alloy client for blocks
-        let client = ClientBuilder::default().http(rpc_url.parse()?);
+        let client = ClientBuilder::default()
+            .layer(RetryBackoffLayer::new(10, 800, u64::MAX))
+            .http(rpc_url.parse()?);
        let block_provider = RootProvider::<AnyNetwork>::new(client);

-        // If neither `--from` nor `--to` are provided, we will run the benchmark continuously,
-        // starting at the latest block.
-        let mut benchmark_mode = BenchMode::new(bench_args.from, bench_args.to)?;
+        // Check if this is an OP chain by checking code at a predeploy address.
+        let is_optimism = !block_provider
+            .get_code_at(address!("0x420000000000000000000000000000000000000F"))
+            .await?
+            .is_empty();

        // construct the authenticated provider
        let auth_jwt = bench_args
            .auth_jwtsecret
            .clone()
-            .ok_or_else(|| eyre::eyre!("--jwtsecret must be provided for authenticated RPC"))?;
+            .ok_or_else(|| eyre::eyre!("--jwt-secret must be provided for authenticated RPC"))?;

        // fetch jwt from file
        //
@@ -69,6 +82,31 @@ impl BenchContext {
        let client = ClientBuilder::default().connect_with(auth_transport).await?;
        let auth_provider = RootProvider::<AnyNetwork>::new(client);

+        // Computes the block range for the benchmark.
+        //
+        // - If `--advance` is provided, fetches the latest block and sets:
+        //     - `from = head + 1`
+        //     - `to = head + advance`
+        // - Otherwise, uses the values from `--from` and `--to`.
+        let (from, to) = if let Some(advance) = bench_args.advance {
+            if advance == 0 {
+                return Err(eyre::eyre!("--advance must be greater than 0"));
+            }
+
+            let head_block = auth_provider
+                .get_block_by_number(BlockNumberOrTag::Latest)
+                .await?
+                .ok_or_else(|| eyre::eyre!("Failed to fetch latest block for --advance"))?;
+            let head_number = head_block.header.number;
+            (Some(head_number), Some(head_number + advance))
+        } else {
+            (bench_args.from, bench_args.to)
+        };
+
+        // If neither `--from` nor `--to` are provided, we will run the benchmark continuously,
+        // starting at the latest block.
+        let mut benchmark_mode = BenchMode::new(from, to)?;
+
        let first_block = match benchmark_mode {
            BenchMode::Continuous => {
                // fetch Latest block
@@ -94,6 +132,6 @@ impl BenchContext {
        };

        let next_block = first_block.header.number + 1;
-        Ok(Self { auth_provider, block_provider, benchmark_mode, next_block })
+        Ok(Self { auth_provider, block_provider, benchmark_mode, next_block, is_optimism })
    }
 }
--- a/bin/reth-bench/src/bench/mod.rs
+++ b/bin/reth-bench/src/bench/mod.rs
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ pub enum Subcommands {
    ///
    /// One powerful use case is pairing this command with the `cast block` command, for example:
    ///
-    /// `cast block latest--full --json | reth-bench send-payload --rpc-url localhost:5000
+    /// `cast block latest --full --json | reth-bench send-payload --rpc-url localhost:5000
    /// --jwt-secret $(cat ~/.local/share/reth/mainnet/jwt.hex)`
    SendPayload(send_payload::Command),
 }
--- a/bin/reth-bench/src/bench/new_payload_fcu.rs
+++ b/bin/reth-bench/src/bench/new_payload_fcu.rs
@@ -9,12 +9,13 @@ use crate::{
            GAS_OUTPUT_SUFFIX,
        },
    },
-    valid_payload::{call_forkchoice_updated, call_new_payload},
+    valid_payload::{block_to_new_payload, call_forkchoice_updated, call_new_payload},
 };
 use alloy_provider::Provider;
-use alloy_rpc_types_engine::{ExecutionPayload, ForkchoiceState};
+use alloy_rpc_types_engine::ForkchoiceState;
 use clap::Parser;
 use csv::Writer;
+use eyre::{Context, OptionExt};
 use humantime::parse_duration;
 use reth_cli_runner::CliContext;
 use reth_node_core::args::BenchmarkArgs;
@@ -29,8 +30,18 @@ pub struct Command {
    rpc_url: String,

    /// How long to wait after a forkchoice update before sending the next payload.
-    #[arg(long, value_name = "WAIT_TIME", value_parser = parse_duration, verbatim_doc_comment)]
-    wait_time: Option<Duration>,
+    #[arg(long, value_name = "WAIT_TIME", value_parser = parse_duration, default_value = "250ms", verbatim_doc_comment)]
+    wait_time: Duration,
+
+    /// The size of the block buffer (channel capacity) for prefetching blocks from the RPC
+    /// endpoint.
+    #[arg(
+        long = "rpc-block-buffer-size",
+        value_name = "RPC_BLOCK_BUFFER_SIZE",
+        default_value = "20",
+        verbatim_doc_comment
+    )]
+    rpc_block_buffer_size: usize,

    #[command(flatten)]
    benchmark: BenchmarkArgs,
@@ -39,32 +50,46 @@ pub struct Command {
 impl Command {
    /// Execute `benchmark new-payload-fcu` command
    pub async fn execute(self, _ctx: CliContext) -> eyre::Result<()> {
-        let BenchContext { benchmark_mode, block_provider, auth_provider, mut next_block } =
-            BenchContext::new(&self.benchmark, self.rpc_url).await?;
+        let BenchContext {
+            benchmark_mode,
+            block_provider,
+            auth_provider,
+            mut next_block,
+            is_optimism,
+        } = BenchContext::new(&self.benchmark, self.rpc_url).await?;
+
+        let buffer_size = self.rpc_block_buffer_size;
+
+        // Use a oneshot channel to propagate errors from the spawned task
+        let (error_sender, mut error_receiver) = tokio::sync::oneshot::channel();
+        let (sender, mut receiver) = tokio::sync::mpsc::channel(buffer_size);

-        let (sender, mut receiver) = tokio::sync::mpsc::channel(1000);
        tokio::task::spawn(async move {
            while benchmark_mode.contains(next_block) {
-                let block_res = block_provider.get_block_by_number(next_block.into()).full().await;
-                let block = block_res.unwrap().unwrap();
+                let block_res = block_provider
+                    .get_block_by_number(next_block.into())
+                    .full()
+                    .await
+                    .wrap_err_with(|| format!("Failed to fetch block by number {next_block}"));
+                let block = match block_res.and_then(|opt| opt.ok_or_eyre("Block not found")) {
+                    Ok(block) => block,
+                    Err(e) => {
+                        tracing::error!("Failed to fetch block {next_block}: {e}");
+                        let _ = error_sender.send(e);
+                        break;
+                    }
+                };
+                let header = block.header.clone();

-                let block = block
-                    .into_inner()
-                    .map_header(|header| header.map(|h| h.into_header_with_defaults()))
-                    .try_map_transactions(|tx| {
-                        // try to convert unknowns into op type so that we can also support optimism
-                        tx.try_into_either::<op_alloy_consensus::OpTxEnvelope>()
-                    })
-                    .unwrap()
-                    .into_consensus();
-
-                let blob_versioned_hashes =
-                    block.body.blob_versioned_hashes_iter().copied().collect::<Vec<_>>();
-
-                // Convert to execution payload
-                let (payload, sidecar) = ExecutionPayload::from_block_slow(&block);
-                let header = block.header;
-                let head_block_hash = payload.block_hash();
+                let (version, params) = match block_to_new_payload(block, is_optimism) {
+                    Ok(result) => result,
+                    Err(e) => {
+                        tracing::error!("Failed to convert block to new payload: {e}");
+                        let _ = error_sender.send(e);
+                        break;
+                    }
+                };
+                let head_block_hash = header.hash;
                let safe_block_hash =
                    block_provider.get_block_by_number(header.number.saturating_sub(32).into());

@@ -73,23 +98,31 @@ impl Command {

                let (safe, finalized) = tokio::join!(safe_block_hash, finalized_block_hash,);

-                let safe_block_hash = safe.unwrap().expect("finalized block exists").header.hash;
-                let finalized_block_hash =
-                    finalized.unwrap().expect("finalized block exists").header.hash;
+                let safe_block_hash = match safe {
+                    Ok(Some(block)) => block.header.hash,
+                    Ok(None) | Err(_) => head_block_hash,
+                };
+
+                let finalized_block_hash = match finalized {
+                    Ok(Some(block)) => block.header.hash,
+                    Ok(None) | Err(_) => head_block_hash,
+                };

                next_block += 1;
-                sender
+                if let Err(e) = sender
                    .send((
                        header,
-                        blob_versioned_hashes,
-                        payload,
-                        sidecar,
+                        version,
+                        params,
                        head_block_hash,
                        safe_block_hash,
                        finalized_block_hash,
                    ))
                    .await
-                    .unwrap();
+                {
+                    tracing::error!("Failed to send block data: {e}");
+                    break;
+                }
            }
        });

@@ -98,7 +131,7 @@ impl Command {
        let total_benchmark_duration = Instant::now();
        let mut total_wait_time = Duration::ZERO;

-        while let Some((header, versioned_hashes, payload, sidecar, head, safe, finalized)) = {
+        while let Some((header, version, params, head, safe, finalized)) = {
            let wait_start = Instant::now();
            let result = receiver.recv().await;
            total_wait_time += wait_start.elapsed();
@@ -118,19 +151,11 @@ impl Command {
            };

            let start = Instant::now();
-            let message_version = call_new_payload(
-                &auth_provider,
-                payload,
-                sidecar,
-                header.parent_beacon_block_root,
-                versioned_hashes,
-            )
-            .await?;
+            call_new_payload(&auth_provider, version, params).await?;

            let new_payload_result = NewPayloadResult { gas_used, latency: start.elapsed() };

-            call_forkchoice_updated(&auth_provider, message_version, forkchoice_state, None)
-                .await?;
+            call_forkchoice_updated(&auth_provider, version, forkchoice_state, None).await?;

            // calculate the total duration and the fcu latency, record
            let total_latency = start.elapsed();
@@ -145,16 +170,19 @@ impl Command {
            // convert gas used to gigagas, then compute gigagas per second
            info!(%combined_result);

-            // wait if we need to
-            if let Some(wait_time) = self.wait_time {
-                tokio::time::sleep(wait_time).await;
-            }
+            // wait before sending the next payload
+            tokio::time::sleep(self.wait_time).await;

            // record the current result
            let gas_row = TotalGasRow { block_number, gas_used, time: current_duration };
            results.push((gas_row, combined_result));
        }

+        // Check if the spawned task encountered an error
+        if let Ok(error) = error_receiver.try_recv() {
+            return Err(error);
+        }
+
        let (gas_output_results, combined_results): (_, Vec<CombinedResult>) =
            results.into_iter().unzip();

@@ -182,7 +210,7 @@ impl Command {
        }

        // accumulate the results and calculate the overall Ggas/s
-        let gas_output = TotalGasOutput::new(gas_output_results);
+        let gas_output = TotalGasOutput::new(gas_output_results)?;
        info!(
            total_duration=?gas_output.total_duration,
            total_gas_used=?gas_output.total_gas_used,
--- a/bin/reth-bench/src/bench/new_payload_only.rs
+++ b/bin/reth-bench/src/bench/new_payload_only.rs
@@ -8,12 +8,12 @@ use crate::{
            NEW_PAYLOAD_OUTPUT_SUFFIX,
        },
    },
-    valid_payload::call_new_payload,
+    valid_payload::{block_to_new_payload, call_new_payload},
 };
 use alloy_provider::Provider;
-use alloy_rpc_types_engine::ExecutionPayload;
 use clap::Parser;
 use csv::Writer;
+use eyre::{Context, OptionExt};
 use reth_cli_runner::CliContext;
 use reth_node_core::args::BenchmarkArgs;
 use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
@@ -26,6 +26,16 @@ pub struct Command {
    #[arg(long, value_name = "RPC_URL", verbatim_doc_comment)]
    rpc_url: String,

+    /// The size of the block buffer (channel capacity) for prefetching blocks from the RPC
+    /// endpoint.
+    #[arg(
+        long = "rpc-block-buffer-size",
+        value_name = "RPC_BLOCK_BUFFER_SIZE",
+        default_value = "20",
+        verbatim_doc_comment
+    )]
+    rpc_block_buffer_size: usize,
+
    #[command(flatten)]
    benchmark: BenchmarkArgs,
 }
@@ -33,29 +43,51 @@ pub struct Command {
 impl Command {
    /// Execute `benchmark new-payload-only` command
    pub async fn execute(self, _ctx: CliContext) -> eyre::Result<()> {
-        let BenchContext { benchmark_mode, block_provider, auth_provider, mut next_block } =
-            BenchContext::new(&self.benchmark, self.rpc_url).await?;
+        let BenchContext {
+            benchmark_mode,
+            block_provider,
+            auth_provider,
+            mut next_block,
+            is_optimism,
+        } = BenchContext::new(&self.benchmark, self.rpc_url).await?;
+
+        let buffer_size = self.rpc_block_buffer_size;
+
+        // Use a oneshot channel to propagate errors from the spawned task
+        let (error_sender, mut error_receiver) = tokio::sync::oneshot::channel();
+        let (sender, mut receiver) = tokio::sync::mpsc::channel(buffer_size);

-        let (sender, mut receiver) = tokio::sync::mpsc::channel(1000);
        tokio::task::spawn(async move {
            while benchmark_mode.contains(next_block) {
-                let block_res = block_provider.get_block_by_number(next_block.into()).full().await;
-                let block = block_res.unwrap().unwrap();
-                let block = block
-                    .into_inner()
-                    .map_header(|header| header.map(|h| h.into_header_with_defaults()))
-                    .try_map_transactions(|tx| {
-                        tx.try_into_either::<op_alloy_consensus::OpTxEnvelope>()
-                    })
-                    .unwrap()
-                    .into_consensus();
+                let block_res = block_provider
+                    .get_block_by_number(next_block.into())
+                    .full()
+                    .await
+                    .wrap_err_with(|| format!("Failed to fetch block by number {next_block}"));
+                let block = match block_res.and_then(|opt| opt.ok_or_eyre("Block not found")) {
+                    Ok(block) => block,
+                    Err(e) => {
+                        tracing::error!("Failed to fetch block {next_block}: {e}");
+                        let _ = error_sender.send(e);
+                        break;
+                    }
+                };
+                let header = block.header.clone();

-                let blob_versioned_hashes =
-                    block.body.blob_versioned_hashes_iter().copied().collect::<Vec<_>>();
-                let (payload, sidecar) = ExecutionPayload::from_block_slow(&block);
+                let (version, params) = match block_to_new_payload(block, is_optimism) {
+                    Ok(result) => result,
+                    Err(e) => {
+                        tracing::error!("Failed to convert block to new payload: {e}");
+                        let _ = error_sender.send(e);
+                        break;
+                    }
+                };

                next_block += 1;
-                sender.send((block.header, blob_versioned_hashes, payload, sidecar)).await.unwrap();
+                if let Err(e) = sender.send((header, version, params)).await {
+                    tracing::error!("Failed to send block data: {e}");
+                    break;
+                }
            }
        });

@@ -64,7 +96,7 @@ impl Command {
        let total_benchmark_duration = Instant::now();
        let mut total_wait_time = Duration::ZERO;

-        while let Some((header, versioned_hashes, payload, sidecar)) = {
+        while let Some((header, version, params)) = {
            let wait_start = Instant::now();
            let result = receiver.recv().await;
            total_wait_time += wait_start.elapsed();
@@ -73,7 +105,7 @@ impl Command {
            // just put gas used here
            let gas_used = header.gas_used;

-            let block_number = payload.block_number();
+            let block_number = header.number;

            debug!(
                target: "reth-bench",
@@ -82,14 +114,7 @@ impl Command {
            );

            let start = Instant::now();
-            call_new_payload(
-                &auth_provider,
-                payload,
-                sidecar,
-                header.parent_beacon_block_root,
-                versioned_hashes,
-            )
-            .await?;
+            call_new_payload(&auth_provider, version, params).await?;

            let new_payload_result = NewPayloadResult { gas_used, latency: start.elapsed() };
            info!(%new_payload_result);
@@ -103,6 +128,11 @@ impl Command {
            results.push((row, new_payload_result));
        }

+        // Check if the spawned task encountered an error
+        if let Ok(error) = error_receiver.try_recv() {
+            return Err(error);
+        }
+
        let (gas_output_results, new_payload_results): (_, Vec<NewPayloadResult>) =
            results.into_iter().unzip();

@@ -130,7 +160,7 @@ impl Command {
        }

        // accumulate the results and calculate the overall Ggas/s
-        let gas_output = TotalGasOutput::new(gas_output_results);
+        let gas_output = TotalGasOutput::new(gas_output_results)?;
        info!(
            total_duration=?gas_output.total_duration,
            total_gas_used=?gas_output.total_gas_used,
--- a/bin/reth-bench/src/bench/output.rs
+++ b/bin/reth-bench/src/bench/output.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 //! Contains various benchmark output formats, either for logging or for
 //! serialization to / from files.

+use eyre::OptionExt;
 use reth_primitives_traits::constants::GIGAGAS;
 use serde::{ser::SerializeStruct, Serialize};
 use std::time::Duration;
@@ -52,7 +53,7 @@ impl Serialize for NewPayloadResult {
    {
        // convert the time to microseconds
        let time = self.latency.as_micros();
-        let mut state = serializer.serialize_struct("NewPayloadResult", 3)?;
+        let mut state = serializer.serialize_struct("NewPayloadResult", 2)?;
        state.serialize_field("gas_used", &self.gas_used)?;
        state.serialize_field("latency", &time)?;
        state.end()
@@ -145,15 +146,14 @@ pub(crate) struct TotalGasOutput {

 impl TotalGasOutput {
    /// Create a new [`TotalGasOutput`] from a list of [`TotalGasRow`].
-    pub(crate) fn new(rows: Vec<TotalGasRow>) -> Self {
+    pub(crate) fn new(rows: Vec<TotalGasRow>) -> eyre::Result<Self> {
        // the duration is obtained from the last row
-        let total_duration =
-            rows.last().map(|row| row.time).expect("the row has at least one element");
+        let total_duration = rows.last().map(|row| row.time).ok_or_eyre("empty results")?;
        let blocks_processed = rows.len() as u64;
        let total_gas_used: u64 = rows.into_iter().map(|row| row.gas_used).sum();
        let total_gas_per_second = total_gas_used as f64 / total_duration.as_secs_f64();

-        Self { total_gas_used, total_duration, total_gas_per_second, blocks_processed }
+        Ok(Self { total_gas_used, total_duration, total_gas_per_second, blocks_processed })
    }

    /// Return the total gigagas per second.
--- a/bin/reth-bench/src/main.rs
+++ b/bin/reth-bench/src/main.rs
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
    issue_tracker_base_url = "https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/issues/"
 )]
 #![cfg_attr(not(test), warn(unused_crate_dependencies))]
-#![cfg_attr(docsrs, feature(doc_cfg, doc_auto_cfg))]
+#![cfg_attr(docsrs, feature(doc_cfg))]

 #[global_allocator]
 static ALLOC: reth_cli_util::allocator::Allocator = reth_cli_util::allocator::new_allocator();
@@ -26,7 +26,9 @@ use reth_cli_runner::CliRunner;
 fn main() {
    // Enable backtraces unless a RUST_BACKTRACE value has already been explicitly provided.
    if std::env::var_os("RUST_BACKTRACE").is_none() {
-        std::env::set_var("RUST_BACKTRACE", "1");
+        unsafe {
+            std::env::set_var("RUST_BACKTRACE", "1");
+        }
    }

    // Run until either exit or sigint or sigterm
--- a/bin/reth-bench/src/valid_payload.rs
+++ b/bin/reth-bench/src/valid_payload.rs
@@ -2,53 +2,20 @@
 //! response. This is useful for benchmarking, as it allows us to wait for a payload to be valid
 //! before sending additional calls.

-use alloy_eips::eip7685::RequestsOrHash;
-use alloy_primitives::B256;
-use alloy_provider::{ext::EngineApi, Network, Provider};
+use alloy_eips::eip7685::Requests;
+use alloy_provider::{ext::EngineApi, network::AnyRpcBlock, Network, Provider};
 use alloy_rpc_types_engine::{
-    ExecutionPayload, ExecutionPayloadInputV2, ExecutionPayloadSidecar, ExecutionPayloadV1,
-    ExecutionPayloadV3, ForkchoiceState, ForkchoiceUpdated, PayloadAttributes, PayloadStatus,
+    ExecutionPayload, ExecutionPayloadInputV2, ForkchoiceState, ForkchoiceUpdated,
+    PayloadAttributes, PayloadStatus,
 };
 use alloy_transport::TransportResult;
+use op_alloy_rpc_types_engine::OpExecutionPayloadV4;
 use reth_node_api::EngineApiMessageVersion;
 use tracing::error;

 /// An extension trait for providers that implement the engine API, to wait for a VALID response.
 #[async_trait::async_trait]
 pub trait EngineApiValidWaitExt<N>: Send + Sync {
-    /// Calls `engine_newPayloadV1` with the given [`ExecutionPayloadV1`], and waits until the
-    /// response is VALID.
-    async fn new_payload_v1_wait(
-        &self,
-        payload: ExecutionPayloadV1,
-    ) -> TransportResult<PayloadStatus>;
-
-    /// Calls `engine_newPayloadV2` with the given [`ExecutionPayloadInputV2`], and waits until the
-    /// response is VALID.
-    async fn new_payload_v2_wait(
-        &self,
-        payload: ExecutionPayloadInputV2,
-    ) -> TransportResult<PayloadStatus>;
-
-    /// Calls `engine_newPayloadV3` with the given [`ExecutionPayloadV3`], parent beacon block root,
-    /// and versioned hashes, and waits until the response is VALID.
-    async fn new_payload_v3_wait(
-        &self,
-        payload: ExecutionPayloadV3,
-        versioned_hashes: Vec<B256>,
-        parent_beacon_block_root: B256,
-    ) -> TransportResult<PayloadStatus>;
-
-    /// Calls `engine_newPayloadV4` with the given [`ExecutionPayloadV3`], parent beacon block root,
-    /// versioned hashes, and requests hash, and waits until the response is VALID.
-    async fn new_payload_v4_wait(
-        &self,
-        payload: ExecutionPayloadV3,
-        versioned_hashes: Vec<B256>,
-        parent_beacon_block_root: B256,
-        requests_hash: B256,
-    ) -> TransportResult<PayloadStatus>;
-
    /// Calls `engine_forkChoiceUpdatedV1` with the given [`ForkchoiceState`] and optional
    /// [`PayloadAttributes`], and waits until the response is VALID.
    async fn fork_choice_updated_v1_wait(
@@ -80,122 +47,6 @@ where
    N: Network,
    P: Provider<N> + EngineApi<N>,
 {
-    async fn new_payload_v1_wait(
-        &self,
-        payload: ExecutionPayloadV1,
-    ) -> TransportResult<PayloadStatus> {
-        let mut status = self.new_payload_v1(payload.clone()).await?;
-        while !status.is_valid() {
-            if status.is_invalid() {
-                error!(?status, ?payload, "Invalid newPayloadV1",);
-                panic!("Invalid newPayloadV1: {status:?}");
-            }
-            status = self.new_payload_v1(payload.clone()).await?;
-        }
-        Ok(status)
-    }
-
-    async fn new_payload_v2_wait(
-        &self,
-        payload: ExecutionPayloadInputV2,
-    ) -> TransportResult<PayloadStatus> {
-        let mut status = self.new_payload_v2(payload.clone()).await?;
-        while !status.is_valid() {
-            if status.is_invalid() {
-                error!(?status, ?payload, "Invalid newPayloadV2",);
-                panic!("Invalid newPayloadV2: {status:?}");
-            }
-            status = self.new_payload_v2(payload.clone()).await?;
-        }
-        Ok(status)
-    }
-
-    async fn new_payload_v3_wait(
-        &self,
-        payload: ExecutionPayloadV3,
-        versioned_hashes: Vec<B256>,
-        parent_beacon_block_root: B256,
-    ) -> TransportResult<PayloadStatus> {
-        let mut status = self
-            .new_payload_v3(payload.clone(), versioned_hashes.clone(), parent_beacon_block_root)
-            .await?;
-        while !status.is_valid() {
-            if status.is_invalid() {
-                error!(
-                    ?status,
-                    ?payload,
-                    ?versioned_hashes,
-                    ?parent_beacon_block_root,
-                    "Invalid newPayloadV3",
-                );
-                panic!("Invalid newPayloadV3: {status:?}");
-            }
-            if status.is_syncing() {
-                return Err(alloy_json_rpc::RpcError::UnsupportedFeature(
-                    "invalid range: no canonical state found for parent of requested block",
-                ))
-            }
-            status = self
-                .new_payload_v3(payload.clone(), versioned_hashes.clone(), parent_beacon_block_root)
-                .await?;
-        }
-        Ok(status)
-    }
-
-    async fn new_payload_v4_wait(
-        &self,
-        payload: ExecutionPayloadV3,
-        versioned_hashes: Vec<B256>,
-        parent_beacon_block_root: B256,
-        requests_hash: B256,
-    ) -> TransportResult<PayloadStatus> {
-        // We cannot use `self.new_payload_v4` because it does not support sending
-        // `RequestsOrHash::Hash`
-
-        let mut status: PayloadStatus = self
-            .client()
-            .request(
-                "engine_newPayloadV4",
-                (
-                    payload.clone(),
-                    versioned_hashes.clone(),
-                    parent_beacon_block_root,
-                    RequestsOrHash::Hash(requests_hash),
-                ),
-            )
-            .await?;
-        while !status.is_valid() {
-            if status.is_invalid() {
-                error!(
-                    ?status,
-                    ?payload,
-                    ?versioned_hashes,
-                    ?parent_beacon_block_root,
-                    "Invalid newPayloadV4",
-                );
-                panic!("Invalid newPayloadV4: {status:?}");
-            }
-            if status.is_syncing() {
-                return Err(alloy_json_rpc::RpcError::UnsupportedFeature(
-                    "invalid range: no canonical state found for parent of requested block",
-                ))
-            }
-            status = self
-                .client()
-                .request(
-                    "engine_newPayloadV4",
-                    (
-                        payload.clone(),
-                        versioned_hashes.clone(),
-                        parent_beacon_block_root,
-                        RequestsOrHash::Hash(requests_hash),
-                    ),
-                )
-                .await?;
-        }
-        Ok(status)
-    }
-
    async fn fork_choice_updated_v1_wait(
        &self,
        fork_choice_state: ForkchoiceState,
@@ -282,39 +133,60 @@ where
    }
 }

-/// Calls the correct `engine_newPayload` method depending on the given [`ExecutionPayload`] and its
-/// versioned variant. Returns the [`EngineApiMessageVersion`] depending on the payload's version.
-///
-/// # Panics
-/// If the given payload is a V3 payload, but a parent beacon block root is provided as `None`.
-pub(crate) async fn call_new_payload<N, P: EngineApiValidWaitExt<N>>(
-    provider: P,
-    payload: ExecutionPayload,
-    sidecar: ExecutionPayloadSidecar,
-    parent_beacon_block_root: Option<B256>,
-    versioned_hashes: Vec<B256>,
-) -> TransportResult<EngineApiMessageVersion> {
-    match payload {
-        ExecutionPayload::V3(payload) => {
-            // We expect the caller to provide `parent_beacon_block_root` for V3 payloads.
-            let parent_beacon_block_root = parent_beacon_block_root
-                .expect("parent_beacon_block_root is required for V3 payloads and higher");
+pub(crate) fn block_to_new_payload(
+    block: AnyRpcBlock,
+    is_optimism: bool,
+) -> eyre::Result<(EngineApiMessageVersion, serde_json::Value)> {
+    let block = block
+        .into_inner()
+        .map_header(|header| header.map(|h| h.into_header_with_defaults()))
+        .try_map_transactions(|tx| {
+            // try to convert unknowns into op type so that we can also support optimism
+            tx.try_into_either::<op_alloy_consensus::OpTxEnvelope>()
+        })?
+        .into_consensus();

-            if let Some(requests_hash) = sidecar.requests_hash() {
-                provider
-                    .new_payload_v4_wait(
-                        payload,
-                        versioned_hashes,
-                        parent_beacon_block_root,
-                        requests_hash,
+    // Convert to execution payload
+    let (payload, sidecar) = ExecutionPayload::from_block_slow(&block);
+
+    let (version, params) = match payload {
+        ExecutionPayload::V3(payload) => {
+            let cancun = sidecar.cancun().unwrap();
+
+            if let Some(prague) = sidecar.prague() {
+                if is_optimism {
+                    (
+                        EngineApiMessageVersion::V4,
+                        serde_json::to_value((
+                            OpExecutionPayloadV4 {
+                                payload_inner: payload,
+                                withdrawals_root: block.withdrawals_root.unwrap(),
+                            },
+                            cancun.versioned_hashes.clone(),
+                            cancun.parent_beacon_block_root,
+                            Requests::default(),
+                        ))?,
                    )
-                    .await?;
-                Ok(EngineApiMessageVersion::V4)
+                } else {
+                    (
+                        EngineApiMessageVersion::V4,
+                        serde_json::to_value((
+                            payload,
+                            cancun.versioned_hashes.clone(),
+                            cancun.parent_beacon_block_root,
+                            prague.requests.requests_hash(),
+                        ))?,
+                    )
+                }
            } else {
-                provider
-                    .new_payload_v3_wait(payload, versioned_hashes, parent_beacon_block_root)
-                    .await?;
-                Ok(EngineApiMessageVersion::V3)
+                (
+                    EngineApiMessageVersion::V3,
+                    serde_json::to_value((
+                        payload,
+                        cancun.versioned_hashes.clone(),
+                        cancun.parent_beacon_block_root,
+                    ))?,
+                )
            }
        }
        ExecutionPayload::V2(payload) => {
@@ -323,16 +195,43 @@ pub(crate) async fn call_new_payload<N, P: EngineApiValidWaitExt<N>>(
                withdrawals: Some(payload.withdrawals),
            };

-            provider.new_payload_v2_wait(input).await?;
-
-            Ok(EngineApiMessageVersion::V2)
+            (EngineApiMessageVersion::V2, serde_json::to_value((input,))?)
        }
        ExecutionPayload::V1(payload) => {
-            provider.new_payload_v1_wait(payload).await?;
-
-            Ok(EngineApiMessageVersion::V1)
+            (EngineApiMessageVersion::V1, serde_json::to_value((payload,))?)
        }
+    };
+
+    Ok((version, params))
+}
+
+/// Calls the correct `engine_newPayload` method depending on the given [`ExecutionPayload`] and its
+/// versioned variant. Returns the [`EngineApiMessageVersion`] depending on the payload's version.
+///
+/// # Panics
+/// If the given payload is a V3 payload, but a parent beacon block root is provided as `None`.
+pub(crate) async fn call_new_payload<N: Network, P: Provider<N>>(
+    provider: P,
+    version: EngineApiMessageVersion,
+    params: serde_json::Value,
+) -> TransportResult<()> {
+    let method = version.method_name();
+
+    let mut status: PayloadStatus = provider.client().request(method, &params).await?;
+
+    while !status.is_valid() {
+        if status.is_invalid() {
+            error!(?status, ?params, "Invalid {method}",);
+            panic!("Invalid {method}: {status:?}");
+        }
+        if status.is_syncing() {
+            return Err(alloy_json_rpc::RpcError::UnsupportedFeature(
+                "invalid range: no canonical state found for parent of requested block",
+            ))
+        }
+        status = provider.client().request(method, &params).await?;
    }
+    Ok(())
 }

 /// Calls the correct `engine_forkchoiceUpdated` method depending on the given
--- a/bin/reth/Cargo.toml
+++ b/bin/reth/Cargo.toml
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ reth-node-api.workspace = true
 reth-node-core.workspace = true
 reth-ethereum-payload-builder.workspace = true
 reth-ethereum-primitives.workspace = true
-reth-node-ethereum = { workspace = true, features = ["js-tracer"] }
+reth-node-ethereum.workspace = true
 reth-node-builder.workspace = true
 reth-node-metrics.workspace = true
 reth-consensus.workspace = true
@@ -64,11 +64,21 @@ eyre.workspace = true

 [dev-dependencies]
 backon.workspace = true
-similar-asserts.workspace = true
 tempfile.workspace = true

 [features]
-default = ["jemalloc", "reth-revm/portable"]
+default = ["jemalloc", "otlp", "reth-revm/portable", "js-tracer"]
+
+otlp = [
+    "reth-ethereum-cli/otlp",
+    "reth-node-core/otlp",
+]
+js-tracer = [
+    "reth-node-builder/js-tracer",
+    "reth-node-ethereum/js-tracer",
+    "reth-rpc/js-tracer",
+    "reth-rpc-eth-types/js-tracer",
+]

 dev = ["reth-ethereum-cli/dev"]

@@ -76,6 +86,7 @@ asm-keccak = [
    "reth-node-core/asm-keccak",
    "reth-primitives/asm-keccak",
    "reth-ethereum-cli/asm-keccak",
+    "reth-node-ethereum/asm-keccak",
 ]

 jemalloc = [
@@ -109,22 +120,27 @@ snmalloc-native = [
 min-error-logs = [
    "tracing/release_max_level_error",
    "reth-ethereum-cli/min-error-logs",
+    "reth-node-core/min-error-logs",
 ]
 min-warn-logs = [
    "tracing/release_max_level_warn",
    "reth-ethereum-cli/min-warn-logs",
+    "reth-node-core/min-warn-logs",
 ]
 min-info-logs = [
    "tracing/release_max_level_info",
    "reth-ethereum-cli/min-info-logs",
+    "reth-node-core/min-info-logs",
 ]
 min-debug-logs = [
    "tracing/release_max_level_debug",
    "reth-ethereum-cli/min-debug-logs",
+    "reth-node-core/min-debug-logs",
 ]
 min-trace-logs = [
    "tracing/release_max_level_trace",
    "reth-ethereum-cli/min-trace-logs",
+    "reth-node-core/min-trace-logs",
 ]

 [[bin]]
--- a/bin/reth/src/lib.rs
+++ b/bin/reth/src/lib.rs
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
    issue_tracker_base_url = "https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/issues/"
 )]
 #![cfg_attr(not(test), warn(unused_crate_dependencies))]
-#![cfg_attr(docsrs, feature(doc_cfg, doc_auto_cfg))]
+#![cfg_attr(docsrs, feature(doc_cfg))]

 pub mod cli;

--- a/bin/reth/src/ress.rs
+++ b/bin/reth/src/ress.rs
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use reth_ethereum_primitives::EthPrimitives;
 use reth_evm::ConfigureEvm;
 use reth_network::{protocol::IntoRlpxSubProtocol, NetworkProtocols};
 use reth_network_api::FullNetwork;
-use reth_node_api::BeaconConsensusEngineEvent;
+use reth_node_api::ConsensusEngineEvent;
 use reth_node_core::args::RessArgs;
 use reth_provider::providers::{BlockchainProvider, ProviderNodeTypes};
 use reth_ress_protocol::{NodeType, ProtocolState, RessProtocolHandler};
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ pub fn install_ress_subprotocol<P, E, N>(
    evm_config: E,
    network: N,
    task_executor: TaskExecutor,
-    engine_events: EventStream<BeaconConsensusEngineEvent<EthPrimitives>>,
+    engine_events: EventStream<ConsensusEngineEvent<EthPrimitives>>,
 ) -> eyre::Result<()>
 where
    P: ProviderNodeTypes<Primitives = EthPrimitives>,
--- a/book/vocs/bun.lockb
+++ b/book/vocs/bun.lockb
--- a/book/vocs/docs/pages/cli/SUMMARY.mdx
+++ b/book/vocs/docs/pages/cli/SUMMARY.mdx
@@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
- [`reth`](/cli/reth)
-  - [`reth node`](/cli/reth/node)
-  - [`reth init`](/cli/reth/init)
-  - [`reth init-state`](/cli/reth/init-state)
-  - [`reth import`](/cli/reth/import)
-  - [`reth import-era`](/cli/reth/import-era)
-  - [`reth dump-genesis`](/cli/reth/dump-genesis)
-  - [`reth db`](/cli/reth/db)
-    - [`reth db stats`](/cli/reth/db/stats)
-    - [`reth db list`](/cli/reth/db/list)
-    - [`reth db checksum`](/cli/reth/db/checksum)
-    - [`reth db diff`](/cli/reth/db/diff)
-    - [`reth db get`](/cli/reth/db/get)
-      - [`reth db get mdbx`](/cli/reth/db/get/mdbx)
-      - [`reth db get static-file`](/cli/reth/db/get/static-file)
-    - [`reth db drop`](/cli/reth/db/drop)
-    - [`reth db clear`](/cli/reth/db/clear)
-      - [`reth db clear mdbx`](/cli/reth/db/clear/mdbx)
-      - [`reth db clear static-file`](/cli/reth/db/clear/static-file)
-    - [`reth db version`](/cli/reth/db/version)
-    - [`reth db path`](/cli/reth/db/path)
-  - [`reth download`](/cli/reth/download)
-  - [`reth stage`](/cli/reth/stage)
-    - [`reth stage run`](/cli/reth/stage/run)
-    - [`reth stage drop`](/cli/reth/stage/drop)
-    - [`reth stage dump`](/cli/reth/stage/dump)
-      - [`reth stage dump execution`](/cli/reth/stage/dump/execution)
-      - [`reth stage dump storage-hashing`](/cli/reth/stage/dump/storage-hashing)
-      - [`reth stage dump account-hashing`](/cli/reth/stage/dump/account-hashing)
-      - [`reth stage dump merkle`](/cli/reth/stage/dump/merkle)
-    - [`reth stage unwind`](/cli/reth/stage/unwind)
-      - [`reth stage unwind to-block`](/cli/reth/stage/unwind/to-block)
-      - [`reth stage unwind num-blocks`](/cli/reth/stage/unwind/num-blocks)
-  - [`reth p2p`](/cli/reth/p2p)
-    - [`reth p2p header`](/cli/reth/p2p/header)
-    - [`reth p2p body`](/cli/reth/p2p/body)
-    - [`reth p2p rlpx`](/cli/reth/p2p/rlpx)
-      - [`reth p2p rlpx ping`](/cli/reth/p2p/rlpx/ping)
-  - [`reth config`](/cli/reth/config)
-  - [`reth debug`](/cli/reth/debug)
-    - [`reth debug execution`](/cli/reth/debug/execution)
-    - [`reth debug merkle`](/cli/reth/debug/merkle)
-    - [`reth debug in-memory-merkle`](/cli/reth/debug/in-memory-merkle)
-    - [`reth debug build-block`](/cli/reth/debug/build-block)
-  - [`reth recover`](/cli/reth/recover)
-    - [`reth recover storage-tries`](/cli/reth/recover/storage-tries)
-  - [`reth prune`](/cli/reth/prune)
--- a/book/vocs/docs/pages/cli/reth/debug/execution.mdx
+++ b/book/vocs/docs/pages/cli/reth/debug/execution.mdx
@@ -1,328 +0,0 @@
-# reth debug execution
-
-Debug the roundtrip execution of blocks as well as the generated data
-
-```bash
-$ reth debug execution --help
-```
-```txt
-Usage: reth debug execution [OPTIONS] --to <TO>
-
-Options:
-  -h, --help
-          Print help (see a summary with '-h')
-
-Datadir:
-      --datadir <DATA_DIR>
-          The path to the data dir for all reth files and subdirectories.
-
-          Defaults to the OS-specific data directory:
-
-          - Linux: `$XDG_DATA_HOME/reth/` or `$HOME/.local/share/reth/`
-          - Windows: `{FOLDERID_RoamingAppData}/reth/`
-          - macOS: `$HOME/Library/Application Support/reth/`
-
-          [default: default]
-
-      --datadir.static-files <PATH>
-          The absolute path to store static files in.
-
-      --config <FILE>
-          The path to the configuration file to use
-
-      --chain <CHAIN_OR_PATH>
-          The chain this node is running.
-          Possible values are either a built-in chain or the path to a chain specification file.
-
-          Built-in chains:
-              mainnet, sepolia, holesky, hoodi, dev
-
-          [default: mainnet]
-
-Database:
-      --db.log-level <LOG_LEVEL>
-          Database logging level. Levels higher than "notice" require a debug build
-
-          Possible values:
-          - fatal:   Enables logging for critical conditions, i.e. assertion failures
-          - error:   Enables logging for error conditions
-          - warn:    Enables logging for warning conditions
-          - notice:  Enables logging for normal but significant condition
-          - verbose: Enables logging for verbose informational
-          - debug:   Enables logging for debug-level messages
-          - trace:   Enables logging for trace debug-level messages
-          - extra:   Enables logging for extra debug-level messages
-
-      --db.exclusive <EXCLUSIVE>
-          Open environment in exclusive/monopolistic mode. Makes it possible to open a database on an NFS volume
-
-          [possible values: true, false]
-
-      --db.max-size <MAX_SIZE>
-          Maximum database size (e.g., 4TB, 8MB)
-
-      --db.growth-step <GROWTH_STEP>
-          Database growth step (e.g., 4GB, 4KB)
-
-      --db.read-transaction-timeout <READ_TRANSACTION_TIMEOUT>
-          Read transaction timeout in seconds, 0 means no timeout
-
-Networking:
-  -d, --disable-discovery
-          Disable the discovery service
-
-      --disable-dns-discovery
-          Disable the DNS discovery
-
-      --disable-discv4-discovery
-          Disable Discv4 discovery
-
-      --enable-discv5-discovery
-          Enable Discv5 discovery
-
-      --disable-nat
-          Disable Nat discovery
-
-      --discovery.addr <DISCOVERY_ADDR>
-          The UDP address to use for devp2p peer discovery version 4
-
-          [default: 0.0.0.0]
-
-      --discovery.port <DISCOVERY_PORT>
-          The UDP port to use for devp2p peer discovery version 4
-
-          [default: 30303]
-
-      --discovery.v5.addr <DISCOVERY_V5_ADDR>
-          The UDP IPv4 address to use for devp2p peer discovery version 5. Overwritten by `RLPx` address, if it's also IPv4
-
-      --discovery.v5.addr.ipv6 <DISCOVERY_V5_ADDR_IPV6>
-          The UDP IPv6 address to use for devp2p peer discovery version 5. Overwritten by `RLPx` address, if it's also IPv6
-
-      --discovery.v5.port <DISCOVERY_V5_PORT>
-          The UDP IPv4 port to use for devp2p peer discovery version 5. Not used unless `--addr` is IPv4, or `--discovery.v5.addr` is set
-
-          [default: 9200]
-
-      --discovery.v5.port.ipv6 <DISCOVERY_V5_PORT_IPV6>
-          The UDP IPv6 port to use for devp2p peer discovery version 5. Not used unless `--addr` is IPv6, or `--discovery.addr.ipv6` is set
-
-          [default: 9200]
-
-      --discovery.v5.lookup-interval <DISCOVERY_V5_LOOKUP_INTERVAL>
-          The interval in seconds at which to carry out periodic lookup queries, for the whole run of the program
-
-          [default: 20]
-
-      --discovery.v5.bootstrap.lookup-interval <DISCOVERY_V5_BOOTSTRAP_LOOKUP_INTERVAL>
-          The interval in seconds at which to carry out boost lookup queries, for a fixed number of times, at bootstrap
-
-          [default: 5]
-
-      --discovery.v5.bootstrap.lookup-countdown <DISCOVERY_V5_BOOTSTRAP_LOOKUP_COUNTDOWN>
-          The number of times to carry out boost lookup queries at bootstrap
-
-          [default: 200]
-
-      --trusted-peers <TRUSTED_PEERS>
-          Comma separated enode URLs of trusted peers for P2P connections.
-
-          --trusted-peers enode://abcd@192.168.0.1:30303
-
-      --trusted-only
-          Connect to or accept from trusted peers only
-
-      --bootnodes <BOOTNODES>
-          Comma separated enode URLs for P2P discovery bootstrap.
-
-          Will fall back to a network-specific default if not specified.
-
-      --dns-retries <DNS_RETRIES>
-          Amount of DNS resolution requests retries to perform when peering
-
-          [default: 0]
-
-      --peers-file <FILE>
-          The path to the known peers file. Connected peers are dumped to this file on nodes
-          shutdown, and read on startup. Cannot be used with `--no-persist-peers`.
-
-      --identity <IDENTITY>
-          Custom node identity
-
-          [default: reth/<VERSION>-<SHA>/<ARCH>]
-
-      --p2p-secret-key <PATH>
-          Secret key to use for this node.
-
-          This will also deterministically set the peer ID. If not specified, it will be set in the data dir for the chain being used.
-
-      --no-persist-peers
-          Do not persist peers.
-
-      --nat <NAT>
-          NAT resolution method (any|none|upnp|publicip|extip:\<IP\>)
-
-          [default: any]
-
-      --addr <ADDR>
-          Network listening address
-
-          [default: 0.0.0.0]
-
-      --port <PORT>
-          Network listening port
-
-          [default: 30303]
-
-      --max-outbound-peers <MAX_OUTBOUND_PEERS>
-          Maximum number of outbound requests. default: 100
-
-      --max-inbound-peers <MAX_INBOUND_PEERS>
-          Maximum number of inbound requests. default: 30
-
-      --max-tx-reqs <COUNT>
-          Max concurrent `GetPooledTransactions` requests.
-
-          [default: 130]
-
-      --max-tx-reqs-peer <COUNT>
-          Max concurrent `GetPooledTransactions` requests per peer.
-
-          [default: 1]
-
-      --max-seen-tx-history <COUNT>
-          Max number of seen transactions to remember per peer.
-
-          Default is 320 transaction hashes.
-
-          [default: 320]
-
-      --max-pending-imports <COUNT>
-          Max number of transactions to import concurrently.
-
-          [default: 4096]
-
-      --pooled-tx-response-soft-limit <BYTES>
-          Experimental, for usage in research. Sets the max accumulated byte size of transactions
-          to pack in one response.
-          Spec'd at 2MiB.
-
-          [default: 2097152]
-
-      --pooled-tx-pack-soft-limit <BYTES>
-          Experimental, for usage in research. Sets the max accumulated byte size of transactions to
-          request in one request.
-
-          Since `RLPx` protocol version 68, the byte size of a transaction is shared as metadata in a
-          transaction announcement (see `RLPx` specs). This allows a node to request a specific size
-          response.
-
-          By default, nodes request only 128 KiB worth of transactions, but should a peer request
-          more, up to 2 MiB, a node will answer with more than 128 KiB.
-
-          Default is 128 KiB.
-
-          [default: 131072]
-
-      --max-tx-pending-fetch <COUNT>
-          Max capacity of cache of hashes for transactions pending fetch.
-
-          [default: 25600]
-
-      --net-if.experimental <IF_NAME>
-          Name of network interface used to communicate with peers.
-
-          If flag is set, but no value is passed, the default interface for docker `eth0` is tried.
-
-      --tx-propagation-policy <TX_PROPAGATION_POLICY>
-          Transaction Propagation Policy
-
-          The policy determines which peers transactions are gossiped to.
-
-          [default: All]
-
-      --to <TO>
-          The maximum block height
-
-      --interval <INTERVAL>
-          The block interval for sync and unwind. Defaults to `1000`
-
-          [default: 1000]
-
-Logging:
-      --log.stdout.format <FORMAT>
-          The format to use for logs written to stdout
-
-          [default: terminal]
-
-          Possible values:
-          - json:     Represents JSON formatting for logs. This format outputs log records as JSON objects, making it suitable for structured logging
-          - log-fmt:  Represents logfmt (key=value) formatting for logs. This format is concise and human-readable, typically used in command-line applications
-          - terminal: Represents terminal-friendly formatting for logs
-
-      --log.stdout.filter <FILTER>
-          The filter to use for logs written to stdout
-
-          [default: ]
-
-      --log.file.format <FORMAT>
-          The format to use for logs written to the log file
-
-          [default: terminal]
-
-          Possible values:
-          - json:     Represents JSON formatting for logs. This format outputs log records as JSON objects, making it suitable for structured logging
-          - log-fmt:  Represents logfmt (key=value) formatting for logs. This format is concise and human-readable, typically used in command-line applications
-          - terminal: Represents terminal-friendly formatting for logs
-
-      --log.file.filter <FILTER>
-          The filter to use for logs written to the log file
-
-          [default: debug]
-
-      --log.file.directory <PATH>
-          The path to put log files in
-
-          [default: <CACHE_DIR>/logs]
-
-      --log.file.max-size <SIZE>
-          The maximum size (in MB) of one log file
-
-          [default: 200]
-
-      --log.file.max-files <COUNT>
-          The maximum amount of log files that will be stored. If set to 0, background file logging is disabled
-
-          [default: 5]
-
-      --log.journald
-          Write logs to journald
-
-      --log.journald.filter <FILTER>
-          The filter to use for logs written to journald
-
-          [default: error]
-
-      --color <COLOR>
-          Sets whether or not the formatter emits ANSI terminal escape codes for colors and other text formatting
-
-          [default: always]
-
-          Possible values:
-          - always: Colors on
-          - auto:   Colors on
-          - never:  Colors off
-
-Display:
-  -v, --verbosity...
-          Set the minimum log level.
-
-          -v      Errors
-          -vv     Warnings
-          -vvv    Info
-          -vvvv   Debug
-          -vvvvv  Traces (warning: very verbose!)
-
-  -q, --quiet
-          Silence all log output
-```
--- a/book/vocs/docs/pages/cli/reth/debug/in-memory-merkle.mdx
+++ b/book/vocs/docs/pages/cli/reth/debug/in-memory-merkle.mdx
@@ -1,328 +0,0 @@
-# reth debug in-memory-merkle
-
-Debug in-memory state root calculation
-
-```bash
-$ reth debug in-memory-merkle --help
-```
-```txt
-Usage: reth debug in-memory-merkle [OPTIONS]
-
-Options:
-  -h, --help
-          Print help (see a summary with '-h')
-
-Datadir:
-      --datadir <DATA_DIR>
-          The path to the data dir for all reth files and subdirectories.
-
-          Defaults to the OS-specific data directory:
-
-          - Linux: `$XDG_DATA_HOME/reth/` or `$HOME/.local/share/reth/`
-          - Windows: `{FOLDERID_RoamingAppData}/reth/`
-          - macOS: `$HOME/Library/Application Support/reth/`
-
-          [default: default]
-
-      --datadir.static-files <PATH>
-          The absolute path to store static files in.
-
-      --config <FILE>
-          The path to the configuration file to use
-
-      --chain <CHAIN_OR_PATH>
-          The chain this node is running.
-          Possible values are either a built-in chain or the path to a chain specification file.
-
-          Built-in chains:
-              mainnet, sepolia, holesky, hoodi, dev
-
-          [default: mainnet]
-
-Database:
-      --db.log-level <LOG_LEVEL>
-          Database logging level. Levels higher than "notice" require a debug build
-
-          Possible values:
-          - fatal:   Enables logging for critical conditions, i.e. assertion failures
-          - error:   Enables logging for error conditions
-          - warn:    Enables logging for warning conditions
-          - notice:  Enables logging for normal but significant condition
-          - verbose: Enables logging for verbose informational
-          - debug:   Enables logging for debug-level messages
-          - trace:   Enables logging for trace debug-level messages
-          - extra:   Enables logging for extra debug-level messages
-
-      --db.exclusive <EXCLUSIVE>
-          Open environment in exclusive/monopolistic mode. Makes it possible to open a database on an NFS volume
-
-          [possible values: true, false]
-
-      --db.max-size <MAX_SIZE>
-          Maximum database size (e.g., 4TB, 8MB)
-
-      --db.growth-step <GROWTH_STEP>
-          Database growth step (e.g., 4GB, 4KB)
-
-      --db.read-transaction-timeout <READ_TRANSACTION_TIMEOUT>
-          Read transaction timeout in seconds, 0 means no timeout
-
-Networking:
-  -d, --disable-discovery
-          Disable the discovery service
-
-      --disable-dns-discovery
-          Disable the DNS discovery
-
-      --disable-discv4-discovery
-          Disable Discv4 discovery
-
-      --enable-discv5-discovery
-          Enable Discv5 discovery
-
-      --disable-nat
-          Disable Nat discovery
-
-      --discovery.addr <DISCOVERY_ADDR>
-          The UDP address to use for devp2p peer discovery version 4
-
-          [default: 0.0.0.0]
-
-      --discovery.port <DISCOVERY_PORT>
-          The UDP port to use for devp2p peer discovery version 4
-
-          [default: 30303]
-
-      --discovery.v5.addr <DISCOVERY_V5_ADDR>
-          The UDP IPv4 address to use for devp2p peer discovery version 5. Overwritten by `RLPx` address, if it's also IPv4
-
-      --discovery.v5.addr.ipv6 <DISCOVERY_V5_ADDR_IPV6>
-          The UDP IPv6 address to use for devp2p peer discovery version 5. Overwritten by `RLPx` address, if it's also IPv6
-
-      --discovery.v5.port <DISCOVERY_V5_PORT>
-          The UDP IPv4 port to use for devp2p peer discovery version 5. Not used unless `--addr` is IPv4, or `--discovery.v5.addr` is set
-
-          [default: 9200]
-
-      --discovery.v5.port.ipv6 <DISCOVERY_V5_PORT_IPV6>
-          The UDP IPv6 port to use for devp2p peer discovery version 5. Not used unless `--addr` is IPv6, or `--discovery.addr.ipv6` is set
-
-          [default: 9200]
-
-      --discovery.v5.lookup-interval <DISCOVERY_V5_LOOKUP_INTERVAL>
-          The interval in seconds at which to carry out periodic lookup queries, for the whole run of the program
-
-          [default: 20]
-
-      --discovery.v5.bootstrap.lookup-interval <DISCOVERY_V5_BOOTSTRAP_LOOKUP_INTERVAL>
-          The interval in seconds at which to carry out boost lookup queries, for a fixed number of times, at bootstrap
-
-          [default: 5]
-
-      --discovery.v5.bootstrap.lookup-countdown <DISCOVERY_V5_BOOTSTRAP_LOOKUP_COUNTDOWN>
-          The number of times to carry out boost lookup queries at bootstrap
-
-          [default: 200]
-
-      --trusted-peers <TRUSTED_PEERS>
-          Comma separated enode URLs of trusted peers for P2P connections.
-
-          --trusted-peers enode://abcd@192.168.0.1:30303
-
-      --trusted-only
-          Connect to or accept from trusted peers only
-
-      --bootnodes <BOOTNODES>
-          Comma separated enode URLs for P2P discovery bootstrap.
-
-          Will fall back to a network-specific default if not specified.
-
-      --dns-retries <DNS_RETRIES>
-          Amount of DNS resolution requests retries to perform when peering
-
-          [default: 0]
-
-      --peers-file <FILE>
-          The path to the known peers file. Connected peers are dumped to this file on nodes
-          shutdown, and read on startup. Cannot be used with `--no-persist-peers`.
-
-      --identity <IDENTITY>
-          Custom node identity
-
-          [default: reth/<VERSION>-<SHA>/<ARCH>]
-
-      --p2p-secret-key <PATH>
-          Secret key to use for this node.
-
-          This will also deterministically set the peer ID. If not specified, it will be set in the data dir for the chain being used.
-
-      --no-persist-peers
-          Do not persist peers.
-
-      --nat <NAT>
-          NAT resolution method (any|none|upnp|publicip|extip:\<IP\>)
-
-          [default: any]
-
-      --addr <ADDR>
-          Network listening address
-
-          [default: 0.0.0.0]
-
-      --port <PORT>
-          Network listening port
-
-          [default: 30303]
-
-      --max-outbound-peers <MAX_OUTBOUND_PEERS>
-          Maximum number of outbound requests. default: 100
-
-      --max-inbound-peers <MAX_INBOUND_PEERS>
-          Maximum number of inbound requests. default: 30
-
-      --max-tx-reqs <COUNT>
-          Max concurrent `GetPooledTransactions` requests.
-
-          [default: 130]
-
-      --max-tx-reqs-peer <COUNT>
-          Max concurrent `GetPooledTransactions` requests per peer.
-
-          [default: 1]
-
-      --max-seen-tx-history <COUNT>
-          Max number of seen transactions to remember per peer.
-
-          Default is 320 transaction hashes.
-
-          [default: 320]
-
-      --max-pending-imports <COUNT>
-          Max number of transactions to import concurrently.
-
-          [default: 4096]
-
-      --pooled-tx-response-soft-limit <BYTES>
-          Experimental, for usage in research. Sets the max accumulated byte size of transactions
-          to pack in one response.
-          Spec'd at 2MiB.
-
-          [default: 2097152]
-
-      --pooled-tx-pack-soft-limit <BYTES>
-          Experimental, for usage in research. Sets the max accumulated byte size of transactions to
-          request in one request.
-
-          Since `RLPx` protocol version 68, the byte size of a transaction is shared as metadata in a
-          transaction announcement (see `RLPx` specs). This allows a node to request a specific size
-          response.
-
-          By default, nodes request only 128 KiB worth of transactions, but should a peer request
-          more, up to 2 MiB, a node will answer with more than 128 KiB.
-
-          Default is 128 KiB.
-
-          [default: 131072]
-
-      --max-tx-pending-fetch <COUNT>
-          Max capacity of cache of hashes for transactions pending fetch.
-
-          [default: 25600]
-
-      --net-if.experimental <IF_NAME>
-          Name of network interface used to communicate with peers.
-
-          If flag is set, but no value is passed, the default interface for docker `eth0` is tried.
-
-      --tx-propagation-policy <TX_PROPAGATION_POLICY>
-          Transaction Propagation Policy
-
-          The policy determines which peers transactions are gossiped to.
-
-          [default: All]
-
-      --retries <RETRIES>
-          The number of retries per request
-
-          [default: 5]
-
-      --skip-node-depth <SKIP_NODE_DEPTH>
-          The depth after which we should start comparing branch nodes
-
-Logging:
-      --log.stdout.format <FORMAT>
-          The format to use for logs written to stdout
-
-          [default: terminal]
-
-          Possible values:
-          - json:     Represents JSON formatting for logs. This format outputs log records as JSON objects, making it suitable for structured logging
-          - log-fmt:  Represents logfmt (key=value) formatting for logs. This format is concise and human-readable, typically used in command-line applications
-          - terminal: Represents terminal-friendly formatting for logs
-
-      --log.stdout.filter <FILTER>
-          The filter to use for logs written to stdout
-
-          [default: ]
-
-      --log.file.format <FORMAT>
-          The format to use for logs written to the log file
-
-          [default: terminal]
-
-          Possible values:
-          - json:     Represents JSON formatting for logs. This format outputs log records as JSON objects, making it suitable for structured logging
-          - log-fmt:  Represents logfmt (key=value) formatting for logs. This format is concise and human-readable, typically used in command-line applications
-          - terminal: Represents terminal-friendly formatting for logs
-
-      --log.file.filter <FILTER>
-          The filter to use for logs written to the log file
-
-          [default: debug]
-
-      --log.file.directory <PATH>
-          The path to put log files in
-
-          [default: <CACHE_DIR>/logs]
-
-      --log.file.max-size <SIZE>
-          The maximum size (in MB) of one log file
-
-          [default: 200]
-
-      --log.file.max-files <COUNT>
-          The maximum amount of log files that will be stored. If set to 0, background file logging is disabled
-
-          [default: 5]
-
-      --log.journald
-          Write logs to journald
-
-      --log.journald.filter <FILTER>
-          The filter to use for logs written to journald
-
-          [default: error]
-
-      --color <COLOR>
-          Sets whether or not the formatter emits ANSI terminal escape codes for colors and other text formatting
-
-          [default: always]
-
-          Possible values:
-          - always: Colors on
-          - auto:   Colors on
-          - never:  Colors off
-
-Display:
-  -v, --verbosity...
-          Set the minimum log level.
-
-          -v      Errors
-          -vv     Warnings
-          -vvv    Info
-          -vvvv   Debug
-          -vvvvv  Traces (warning: very verbose!)
-
-  -q, --quiet
-          Silence all log output
-```
--- a/book/vocs/docs/pages/cli/reth/p2p/body.mdx
+++ b/book/vocs/docs/pages/cli/reth/p2p/body.mdx
@@ -1,95 +0,0 @@
-# reth p2p body
-
-Download block body
-
-```bash
-$ reth p2p body --help
-```
-```txt
-Usage: reth p2p body [OPTIONS] <ID>
-
-Arguments:
-  <ID>
-          The block number or hash
-
-Options:
-  -h, --help
-          Print help (see a summary with '-h')
-
-Logging:
-      --log.stdout.format <FORMAT>
-          The format to use for logs written to stdout
-
-          [default: terminal]
-
-          Possible values:
-          - json:     Represents JSON formatting for logs. This format outputs log records as JSON objects, making it suitable for structured logging
-          - log-fmt:  Represents logfmt (key=value) formatting for logs. This format is concise and human-readable, typically used in command-line applications
-          - terminal: Represents terminal-friendly formatting for logs
-
-      --log.stdout.filter <FILTER>
-          The filter to use for logs written to stdout
-
-          [default: ]
-
-      --log.file.format <FORMAT>
-          The format to use for logs written to the log file
-
-          [default: terminal]
-
-          Possible values:
-          - json:     Represents JSON formatting for logs. This format outputs log records as JSON objects, making it suitable for structured logging
-          - log-fmt:  Represents logfmt (key=value) formatting for logs. This format is concise and human-readable, typically used in command-line applications
-          - terminal: Represents terminal-friendly formatting for logs
-
-      --log.file.filter <FILTER>
-          The filter to use for logs written to the log file
-
-          [default: debug]
-
-      --log.file.directory <PATH>
-          The path to put log files in
-
-          [default: <CACHE_DIR>/logs]
-
-      --log.file.max-size <SIZE>
-          The maximum size (in MB) of one log file
-
-          [default: 200]
-
-      --log.file.max-files <COUNT>
-          The maximum amount of log files that will be stored. If set to 0, background file logging is disabled
-
-          [default: 5]
-
-      --log.journald
-          Write logs to journald
-
-      --log.journald.filter <FILTER>
-          The filter to use for logs written to journald
-
-          [default: error]
-
-      --color <COLOR>
-          Sets whether or not the formatter emits ANSI terminal escape codes for colors and other text formatting
-
-          [default: always]
-
-          Possible values:
-          - always: Colors on
-          - auto:   Colors on
-          - never:  Colors off
-
-Display:
-  -v, --verbosity...
-          Set the minimum log level.
-
-          -v      Errors
-          -vv     Warnings
-          -vvv    Info
-          -vvvv   Debug
-          -vvvvv  Traces (warning: very verbose!)
-
-  -q, --quiet
-          Silence all log output
-```
--- a/book/vocs/docs/pages/cli/reth/p2p/header.mdx
+++ b/book/vocs/docs/pages/cli/reth/p2p/header.mdx
@@ -1,95 +0,0 @@
-# reth p2p header
-
-Download block header
-
-```bash
-$ reth p2p header --help
-```
-```txt
-Usage: reth p2p header [OPTIONS] <ID>
-
-Arguments:
-  <ID>
-          The header number or hash
-
-Options:
-  -h, --help
-          Print help (see a summary with '-h')
-
-Logging:
-      --log.stdout.format <FORMAT>
-          The format to use for logs written to stdout
-
-          [default: terminal]
-
-          Possible values:
-          - json:     Represents JSON formatting for logs. This format outputs log records as JSON objects, making it suitable for structured logging
-          - log-fmt:  Represents logfmt (key=value) formatting for logs. This format is concise and human-readable, typically used in command-line applications
-          - terminal: Represents terminal-friendly formatting for logs
-
-      --log.stdout.filter <FILTER>
-          The filter to use for logs written to stdout
-
-          [default: ]
-
-      --log.file.format <FORMAT>
-          The format to use for logs written to the log file
-
-          [default: terminal]
-
-          Possible values:
-          - json:     Represents JSON formatting for logs. This format outputs log records as JSON objects, making it suitable for structured logging
-          - log-fmt:  Represents logfmt (key=value) formatting for logs. This format is concise and human-readable, typically used in command-line applications
-          - terminal: Represents terminal-friendly formatting for logs
-
-      --log.file.filter <FILTER>
-          The filter to use for logs written to the log file
-
-          [default: debug]
-
-      --log.file.directory <PATH>
-          The path to put log files in
-
-          [default: <CACHE_DIR>/logs]
-
-      --log.file.max-size <SIZE>
-          The maximum size (in MB) of one log file
-
-          [default: 200]
-
-      --log.file.max-files <COUNT>
-          The maximum amount of log files that will be stored. If set to 0, background file logging is disabled
-
-          [default: 5]
-
-      --log.journald
-          Write logs to journald
-
-      --log.journald.filter <FILTER>
-          The filter to use for logs written to journald
-
-          [default: error]
-
-      --color <COLOR>
-          Sets whether or not the formatter emits ANSI terminal escape codes for colors and other text formatting
-
-          [default: always]
-
-          Possible values:
-          - always: Colors on
-          - auto:   Colors on
-          - never:  Colors off
-
-Display:
-  -v, --verbosity...
-          Set the minimum log level.
-
-          -v      Errors
-          -vv     Warnings
-          -vvv    Info
-          -vvvv   Debug
-          -vvvvv  Traces (warning: very verbose!)
-
-  -q, --quiet
-          Silence all log output
-```
--- a/book/vocs/docs/pages/sdk/examples/modify-node.mdx
+++ b/book/vocs/docs/pages/sdk/examples/modify-node.mdx
@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-# How to Modify an Existing Node
-
-This guide demonstrates how to extend a Reth node with custom functionality, including adding RPC endpoints, modifying transaction validation, and implementing custom services.
-
-## Adding Custom RPC Endpoints
-
-One of the most common modifications is adding custom RPC methods to expose additional functionality.
-
-### Basic Custom RPC Module
-
-
-## Next Steps
-
- Explore [Standalone Components](/sdk/examples/standalone-components) for direct blockchain interaction
- Learn about [Custom Node Building](/sdk/custom-node/prerequisites) for production deployments
- Review [Type System](/sdk/typesystem/block) for working with blockchain data
--- a/book/vocs/docs/pages/sdk/examples/standalone-components.mdx
+++ b/book/vocs/docs/pages/sdk/examples/standalone-components.mdx
@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-# Using Standalone Components
-
-This guide demonstrates how to use Reth components independently without running a full node. This is useful for building tools, analyzers, indexers, or any application that needs direct access to blockchain data.
-
-## Direct Database Access
-
-
-## Next Steps
-
- Learn about [Modifying Nodes](/sdk/examples/modify-node) to add functionality
- Explore the [Type System](/sdk/typesystem/block) for working with data
- Check [Custom Node Building](/sdk/custom-node/prerequisites) for production use
--- a/book/vocs/docs/pages/sdk/overview.mdx
+++ b/book/vocs/docs/pages/sdk/overview.mdx
@@ -1,127 +0,0 @@
-# Reth for Developers
-
-Reth can be used as a library to build custom Ethereum nodes, interact with blockchain data, or create specialized tools for blockchain analysis and indexing.
-
-## What is the Reth SDK?
-
-The Reth SDK allows developers to:
- Use components of the Reth node as libraries
- Build custom Ethereum execution nodes with modified behavior (e.g. payload building)
- Access blockchain data directly from the database
- Create high-performance indexing solutions
- Extend a new with new RPC endpoints and functionality
- Implement custom consensus mechanisms
- Build specialized tools for blockchain analysis
-
-## Quick Start
-
-Add Reth to your project:
-
-## Ethereum
-
-```toml
-[dependencies]
-# Ethereum meta crate
-reth-ethereum = { git = "https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth" }
-```
-
-## Opstack
-
-```toml
-[dependencies]
-reth-op = { git = "https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth" }
-```
-
-## Key Concepts
-
-### Node Architecture
-
-Reth is built with modularity in mind. The main components include:
-
- **Primitives**: Core data type abstractions like `Block`
- **Node Builder**: Constructs and configures node instances
- **Database**: Efficient storage using MDBX and static files
- **Network**: P2P communication and block synchronization
- **Consensus**: Block validation and chain management
- **EVM**: Transaction execution and state transitions
- **RPC**: JSON-RPC server for external communication
- **Transaction Pool**: Pending transaction management
-
-### Dependency Management
-Reth is primarily built on top of the [alloy](https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy) ecosystem, which provides the necessary abstractions and implementations for core ethereum blockchain data types, transaction handling, and EVM execution.
-
-
-### Type System
-
-Reth uses its own type system to handle different representations of blockchain data:
-
- **Primitives**: Core types like `B256`, `Address`, `U256`
- **Transactions**: Multiple representations for different contexts (pooled, consensus, RPC)
- **Blocks**: Headers, bodies, and sealed blocks with proven properties
- **State**: Accounts, storage, and state transitions
-
-### Building Custom Nodes
-
-The node builder pattern allows you to customize every aspect of node behavior:
-
-```rust
-use reth_ethereum::node::{EthereumNode, NodeBuilder};
-
-// Build a custom node with modified components
-let node = NodeBuilder::new(config)
-     // install the ethereum specific node primitives
-    .with_types::<EthereumNode>()
-    .with_components(|components| {
-        // Customize components here
-        components
-    })
-    .build()
-    .await?;
-```
-
-## Architecture Overview
-
-```mermaid
-graph TD
-    A[Node Builder] --> B[Database]
-    A --> C[Network]
-    A --> D[Consensus]
-    A --> E[EVM]
-    A --> F[RPC Server]
-    A --> G[Transaction Pool]
-    
-    B --> H[DB Storage]
-    B --> I[Static Files]
-    
-    C --> J[Discovery]
-    C --> K[ETH Protocol]
-    
-    E --> L[State Provider]
-    E --> M[Block Executor]
-```
-
-## Nodes Built with Reth
-
-Several production networks have been built using Reth's node builder pattern:
-
-### [BSC Reth](https://github.com/loocapro/reth-bsc)
-A Binance Smart Chain execution client, implementing BSC-specific consensus rules and features.
-
-### [Bera Reth](https://github.com/berachain/bera-reth) 
-Berachain's execution client.
-
-### [Gnosis Reth](https://github.com/gnosischain/reth_gnosis)
-Gnosis Chain's implementation using Reth.
-
-
-## Next Steps
-
- **[Node Components](/sdk/node-components)**: Deep dive into each component
- **[Type System](/sdk/typesystem/block)**: Understanding Reth's type system
- **[Custom Nodes](/sdk/custom-node/prerequisites)**: Building production nodes
- **[Examples](/sdk/examples/modify-node)**: Real-world implementations
-
-## Resources
-
- [API Documentation](https://docs.rs/reth/latest/reth/)
- [GitHub Repository](https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth)
--- a/book/vocs/links-report.json
+++ b/book/vocs/links-report.json
@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "timestamp": "2025-06-23T11:20:27.303Z",
-  "totalFiles": 106,
-  "totalLinks": 150,
-  "brokenLinks": [
-    {
-      "file": "docs/pages/index.mdx",
-      "link": "/introduction/benchmarks",
-      "line": 110,
-      "reason": "Absolute path not found: /introduction/benchmarks"
-    }
-  ],
-  "summary": {
-    "brokenCount": 1,
-    "validCount": 149
-  }
-}
--- a/book/vocs/package.json
+++ b/book/vocs/package.json
@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "name": "vocs",
-  "private": true,
-  "version": "0.0.0",
-  "type": "module",
-  "scripts": {
-    "dev": "vocs dev",
-    "build": "vocs build && bun generate-redirects.ts",
-    "preview": "vocs preview",
-    "check-links": "bun check-links.ts",
-    "generate-redirects": "bun generate-redirects.ts"
-  },
-  "dependencies": {
-    "react": "latest",
-    "react-dom": "latest",
-    "vocs": "latest"
-  },
-  "devDependencies": {
-    "@types/react": "latest",
-    "typescript": "latest"
-  }
-}
--- a/clippy.toml
+++ b/clippy.toml
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-msrv = "1.86"
 too-large-for-stack = 128
 doc-valid-idents = [
    "P2P",
--- a/crates/alloy-provider/README.md
+++ b/crates/alloy-provider/README.md
@@ -1,60 +0,0 @@
-# Alloy Provider for Reth
-
-This crate provides an implementation of reth's `StateProviderFactory` and related traits that fetches state data via RPC instead of from a local database.
-
-Originally created by [cakevm](https://github.com/cakevm/alloy-reth-provider).
-
-## Features
-
- Implements `StateProviderFactory` for remote RPC state access
- Supports Ethereum networks
- Useful for testing without requiring a full database
- Can be used with reth ExEx (Execution Extensions) for testing
-
-## Usage
-
-```rust
-use alloy_provider::ProviderBuilder;
-use reth_alloy_provider::AlloyRethProvider;
-use reth_ethereum_node::EthereumNode;
-
-// Initialize provider
-let provider = ProviderBuilder::new()
-    .builtin("https://eth.merkle.io")
-    .await
-    .unwrap();
-
-// Create database provider with NodeTypes
-let db_provider = AlloyRethProvider::new(provider, EthereumNode);
-
-// Get state at specific block
-let state = db_provider.state_by_block_id(BlockId::number(16148323)).unwrap();
-```
-
-## Configuration
-
-The provider can be configured with custom settings:
-
-```rust
-use reth_alloy_provider::{AlloyRethProvider, AlloyRethProviderConfig};
-use reth_ethereum_node::EthereumNode;
-
-let config = AlloyRethProviderConfig {
-    compute_state_root: true, // Enable state root computation
-};
-
-let db_provider = AlloyRethProvider::new_with_config(provider, EthereumNode, config);
-```
-
-## Technical Details
-
-The provider uses `alloy_network::AnyNetwork` for network operations, providing compatibility with various Ethereum-based networks while maintaining the expected block structure with headers.
-
-## License
-
-Licensed under either of:
-
- Apache License, Version 2.0, ([LICENSE-APACHE](LICENSE-APACHE) or http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0)
- MIT license ([LICENSE-MIT](LICENSE-MIT) or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
-
-at your option.
--- a/crates/chain-state/Cargo.toml
+++ b/crates/chain-state/Cargo.toml
@@ -53,8 +53,9 @@ reth-primitives-traits = { workspace = true, features = ["test-utils"] }
 reth-testing-utils.workspace = true
 alloy-signer.workspace = true
 alloy-signer-local.workspace = true
-alloy-consensus.workspace = true
 rand.workspace = true
+revm-state.workspace = true
+criterion.workspace = true

 [features]
 serde = [
@@ -83,3 +84,8 @@ test-utils = [
    "reth-trie/test-utils",
    "reth-ethereum-primitives/test-utils",
 ]
+
+[[bench]]
+name = "canonical_hashes_range"
+harness = false
+required-features = ["test-utils"]
--- a/crates/chain-state/benches/canonical_hashes_range.rs
+++ b/crates/chain-state/benches/canonical_hashes_range.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+#![allow(missing_docs)]
+
+use criterion::{black_box, criterion_group, criterion_main, Criterion};
+use reth_chain_state::{
+    test_utils::TestBlockBuilder, ExecutedBlock, MemoryOverlayStateProviderRef,
+};
+use reth_ethereum_primitives::EthPrimitives;
+use reth_storage_api::{noop::NoopProvider, BlockHashReader};
+
+criterion_group!(benches, bench_canonical_hashes_range);
+criterion_main!(benches);
+
+fn bench_canonical_hashes_range(c: &mut Criterion) {
+    let mut group = c.benchmark_group("canonical_hashes_range");
+
+    let scenarios = [("small", 10), ("medium", 100), ("large", 1000)];
+
+    for (name, num_blocks) in scenarios {
+        group.bench_function(format!("{}_blocks_{}", name, num_blocks), |b| {
+            let (provider, blocks) = setup_provider_with_blocks(num_blocks);
+            let start_block = blocks[0].recovered_block().number;
+            let end_block = blocks[num_blocks / 2].recovered_block().number;
+
+            b.iter(|| {
+                black_box(
+                    provider
+                        .canonical_hashes_range(black_box(start_block), black_box(end_block))
+                        .unwrap(),
+                )
+            })
+        });
+    }
+
+    let (provider, blocks) = setup_provider_with_blocks(500);
+    let base_block = blocks[100].recovered_block().number;
+
+    let range_sizes = [1, 10, 50, 100, 250];
+    for range_size in range_sizes {
+        group.bench_function(format!("range_size_{}", range_size), |b| {
+            let end_block = base_block + range_size;
+
+            b.iter(|| {
+                black_box(
+                    provider
+                        .canonical_hashes_range(black_box(base_block), black_box(end_block))
+                        .unwrap(),
+                )
+            })
+        });
+    }
+
+    // Benchmark edge cases
+    group.bench_function("no_in_memory_matches", |b| {
+        let (provider, blocks) = setup_provider_with_blocks(100);
+        let first_block = blocks[0].recovered_block().number;
+        let start_block = first_block - 50;
+        let end_block = first_block - 10;
+
+        b.iter(|| {
+            black_box(
+                provider
+                    .canonical_hashes_range(black_box(start_block), black_box(end_block))
+                    .unwrap(),
+            )
+        })
+    });
+
+    group.bench_function("all_in_memory_matches", |b| {
+        let (provider, blocks) = setup_provider_with_blocks(100);
+        let first_block = blocks[0].recovered_block().number;
+        let last_block = blocks[blocks.len() - 1].recovered_block().number;
+
+        b.iter(|| {
+            black_box(
+                provider
+                    .canonical_hashes_range(black_box(first_block), black_box(last_block + 1))
+                    .unwrap(),
+            )
+        })
+    });
+
+    group.finish();
+}
+
+fn setup_provider_with_blocks(
+    num_blocks: usize,
+) -> (MemoryOverlayStateProviderRef<'static, EthPrimitives>, Vec<ExecutedBlock<EthPrimitives>>) {
+    let mut builder = TestBlockBuilder::<EthPrimitives>::default();
+
+    let blocks: Vec<_> = builder.get_executed_blocks(1000..1000 + num_blocks as u64).collect();
+
+    let historical = Box::new(NoopProvider::default());
+    let provider = MemoryOverlayStateProviderRef::new(historical, blocks.clone());
+
+    (provider, blocks)
+}
--- a/crates/chain-state/src/chain_info.rs
+++ b/crates/chain-state/src/chain_info.rs
@@ -77,22 +77,22 @@ where
        self.inner.finalized_block.borrow().clone()
    }

-    /// Returns the canonical head of the chain.
+    /// Returns the `BlockNumHash` of the canonical head.
    pub fn get_canonical_num_hash(&self) -> BlockNumHash {
        self.inner.canonical_head.read().num_hash()
    }

-    /// Returns the canonical head of the chain.
+    /// Returns the block number of the canonical head.
    pub fn get_canonical_block_number(&self) -> BlockNumber {
        self.inner.canonical_head_number.load(Ordering::Relaxed)
    }

-    /// Returns the safe header of the chain.
+    /// Returns the `BlockNumHash` of the safe header.
    pub fn get_safe_num_hash(&self) -> Option<BlockNumHash> {
        self.inner.safe_block.borrow().as_ref().map(SealedHeader::num_hash)
    }

-    /// Returns the finalized header of the chain.
+    /// Returns the `BlockNumHash` of the finalized header.
    pub fn get_finalized_num_hash(&self) -> Option<BlockNumHash> {
        self.inner.finalized_block.borrow().as_ref().map(SealedHeader::num_hash)
    }
--- a/crates/chain-state/src/in_memory.rs
+++ b/crates/chain-state/src/in_memory.rs
@@ -5,15 +5,16 @@ use crate::{
    ChainInfoTracker, MemoryOverlayStateProvider,
 };
 use alloy_consensus::{transaction::TransactionMeta, BlockHeader};
-use alloy_eips::{eip2718::Encodable2718, BlockHashOrNumber, BlockNumHash};
-use alloy_primitives::{map::HashMap, TxHash, B256};
+use alloy_eips::{BlockHashOrNumber, BlockNumHash};
+use alloy_primitives::{map::HashMap, BlockNumber, TxHash, B256};
 use parking_lot::RwLock;
 use reth_chainspec::ChainInfo;
 use reth_ethereum_primitives::EthPrimitives;
 use reth_execution_types::{Chain, ExecutionOutcome};
 use reth_metrics::{metrics::Gauge, Metrics};
 use reth_primitives_traits::{
-    BlockBody as _, NodePrimitives, RecoveredBlock, SealedBlock, SealedHeader, SignedTransaction,
+    BlockBody as _, IndexedTx, NodePrimitives, RecoveredBlock, SealedBlock, SealedHeader,
+    SignedTransaction,
 };
 use reth_storage_api::StateProviderBox;
 use reth_trie::{updates::TrieUpdates, HashedPostState};
@@ -42,8 +43,9 @@ pub(crate) struct InMemoryStateMetrics {
 ///
 /// # Locking behavior on state updates
 ///
-/// All update calls must be atomic, meaning that they must acquire all locks at once, before
-/// modifying the state. This is to ensure that the internal state is always consistent.
+/// All update calls must acquire all locks at once before modifying state to ensure the internal
+/// state remains consistent. This prevents readers from observing partially updated state where
+/// the numbers and blocks maps are out of sync.
 /// Update functions ensure that the numbers write lock is always acquired first, because lookup by
 /// numbers first read the numbers map and then the blocks map.
 /// By acquiring the numbers lock first, we ensure that read-only lookups don't deadlock updates.
@@ -159,7 +161,7 @@ impl<N: NodePrimitives> CanonicalInMemoryStateInner<N> {
 }

 type PendingBlockAndReceipts<N> =
-    (SealedBlock<<N as NodePrimitives>::Block>, Vec<reth_primitives_traits::ReceiptTy<N>>);
+    (RecoveredBlock<<N as NodePrimitives>::Block>, Vec<reth_primitives_traits::ReceiptTy<N>>);

 /// This type is responsible for providing the blocks, receipts, and state for
 /// all canonical blocks not on disk yet and keeps track of the block range that
@@ -240,7 +242,7 @@ impl<N: NodePrimitives> CanonicalInMemoryState<N> {
    /// Updates the pending block with the given block.
    ///
    /// Note: This assumes that the parent block of the pending block is canonical.
-    pub fn set_pending_block(&self, pending: ExecutedBlockWithTrieUpdates<N>) {
+    pub fn set_pending_block(&self, pending: ExecutedBlock<N>) {
        // fetch the state of the pending block's parent block
        let parent = self.state_by_hash(pending.recovered_block().parent_hash());
        let pending = BlockState::with_parent(pending, parent);
@@ -256,7 +258,7 @@ impl<N: NodePrimitives> CanonicalInMemoryState<N> {
    /// them to their parent blocks.
    fn update_blocks<I, R>(&self, new_blocks: I, reorged: R)
    where
-        I: IntoIterator<Item = ExecutedBlockWithTrieUpdates<N>>,
+        I: IntoIterator<Item = ExecutedBlock<N>>,
        R: IntoIterator<Item = ExecutedBlock<N>>,
    {
        {
@@ -480,7 +482,7 @@ impl<N: NodePrimitives> CanonicalInMemoryState<N> {
    pub fn pending_block_and_receipts(&self) -> Option<PendingBlockAndReceipts<N>> {
        self.pending_state().map(|block_state| {
            (
-                block_state.block_ref().recovered_block().sealed_block().clone(),
+                block_state.block_ref().recovered_block().clone(),
                block_state.executed_block_receipts(),
            )
        })
@@ -553,24 +555,8 @@ impl<N: NodePrimitives> CanonicalInMemoryState<N> {
        tx_hash: TxHash,
    ) -> Option<(N::SignedTx, TransactionMeta)> {
        for block_state in self.canonical_chain() {
-            if let Some((index, tx)) = block_state
-                .block_ref()
-                .recovered_block()
-                .body()
-                .transactions_iter()
-                .enumerate()
-                .find(|(_, tx)| tx.trie_hash() == tx_hash)
-            {
-                let meta = TransactionMeta {
-                    tx_hash,
-                    index: index as u64,
-                    block_hash: block_state.hash(),
-                    block_number: block_state.block_ref().recovered_block().number(),
-                    base_fee: block_state.block_ref().recovered_block().base_fee_per_gas(),
-                    timestamp: block_state.block_ref().recovered_block().timestamp(),
-                    excess_blob_gas: block_state.block_ref().recovered_block().excess_blob_gas(),
-                };
-                return Some((tx.clone(), meta))
+            if let Some(indexed) = block_state.find_indexed(tx_hash) {
+                return Some((indexed.tx().clone(), indexed.meta()));
            }
        }
        None
@@ -582,41 +568,38 @@ impl<N: NodePrimitives> CanonicalInMemoryState<N> {
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
 pub struct BlockState<N: NodePrimitives = EthPrimitives> {
    /// The executed block that determines the state after this block has been executed.
-    block: ExecutedBlockWithTrieUpdates<N>,
+    block: ExecutedBlock<N>,
    /// The block's parent block if it exists.
-    parent: Option<Arc<BlockState<N>>>,
+    parent: Option<Arc<Self>>,
 }

 impl<N: NodePrimitives> BlockState<N> {
    /// [`BlockState`] constructor.
-    pub const fn new(block: ExecutedBlockWithTrieUpdates<N>) -> Self {
+    pub const fn new(block: ExecutedBlock<N>) -> Self {
        Self { block, parent: None }
    }

    /// [`BlockState`] constructor with parent.
-    pub const fn with_parent(
-        block: ExecutedBlockWithTrieUpdates<N>,
-        parent: Option<Arc<Self>>,
-    ) -> Self {
+    pub const fn with_parent(block: ExecutedBlock<N>, parent: Option<Arc<Self>>) -> Self {
        Self { block, parent }
    }

    /// Returns the hash and block of the on disk block this state can be traced back to.
    pub fn anchor(&self) -> BlockNumHash {
-        if let Some(parent) = &self.parent {
-            parent.anchor()
-        } else {
-            self.block.recovered_block().parent_num_hash()
+        let mut current = self;
+        while let Some(parent) = &current.parent {
+            current = parent;
        }
+        current.block.recovered_block().parent_num_hash()
    }

    /// Returns the executed block that determines the state.
-    pub fn block(&self) -> ExecutedBlockWithTrieUpdates<N> {
+    pub fn block(&self) -> ExecutedBlock<N> {
        self.block.clone()
    }

    /// Returns a reference to the executed block that determines the state.
-    pub const fn block_ref(&self) -> &ExecutedBlockWithTrieUpdates<N> {
+    pub const fn block_ref(&self) -> &ExecutedBlock<N> {
        &self.block
    }

@@ -725,30 +708,14 @@ impl<N: NodePrimitives> BlockState<N> {
        tx_hash: TxHash,
    ) -> Option<(N::SignedTx, TransactionMeta)> {
        self.chain().find_map(|block_state| {
-            block_state
-                .block_ref()
-                .recovered_block()
-                .body()
-                .transactions_iter()
-                .enumerate()
-                .find(|(_, tx)| tx.trie_hash() == tx_hash)
-                .map(|(index, tx)| {
-                    let meta = TransactionMeta {
-                        tx_hash,
-                        index: index as u64,
-                        block_hash: block_state.hash(),
-                        block_number: block_state.block_ref().recovered_block().number(),
-                        base_fee: block_state.block_ref().recovered_block().base_fee_per_gas(),
-                        timestamp: block_state.block_ref().recovered_block().timestamp(),
-                        excess_blob_gas: block_state
-                            .block_ref()
-                            .recovered_block()
-                            .excess_blob_gas(),
-                    };
-                    (tx.clone(), meta)
-                })
+            block_state.find_indexed(tx_hash).map(|indexed| (indexed.tx().clone(), indexed.meta()))
        })
    }
+
+    /// Finds a transaction by hash and returns it with its index and block context.
+    pub fn find_indexed(&self, tx_hash: TxHash) -> Option<IndexedTx<'_, N::Block>> {
+        self.block_ref().recovered_block().find_indexed(tx_hash)
+    }
 }

 /// Represents an executed block stored in-memory.
@@ -760,6 +727,8 @@ pub struct ExecutedBlock<N: NodePrimitives = EthPrimitives> {
    pub execution_output: Arc<ExecutionOutcome<N::Receipt>>,
    /// Block's hashed state.
    pub hashed_state: Arc<HashedPostState>,
+    /// Trie updates that result from calculating the state root for the block.
+    pub trie_updates: Arc<TrieUpdates>,
 }

 impl<N: NodePrimitives> Default for ExecutedBlock<N> {
@@ -768,6 +737,7 @@ impl<N: NodePrimitives> Default for ExecutedBlock<N> {
            recovered_block: Default::default(),
            execution_output: Default::default(),
            hashed_state: Default::default(),
+            trie_updates: Default::default(),
        }
    }
 }
@@ -796,108 +766,17 @@ impl<N: NodePrimitives> ExecutedBlock<N> {
    pub fn hashed_state(&self) -> &HashedPostState {
        &self.hashed_state
    }
-}

-/// Trie updates that result from calculating the state root for the block.
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub enum ExecutedTrieUpdates {
-    /// Trie updates present. State root was calculated, and the trie updates can be applied to the
-    /// database.
-    Present(Arc<TrieUpdates>),
-    /// Trie updates missing. State root was calculated, but the trie updates cannot be applied to
-    /// the current database state. To apply the updates, the state root must be recalculated, and
-    /// new trie updates must be generated.
-    ///
-    /// This can happen when processing fork chain blocks that are building on top of the
-    /// historical database state. Since we don't store the historical trie state, we cannot
-    /// generate the trie updates for it.
-    Missing,
-}
-
-impl ExecutedTrieUpdates {
-    /// Creates a [`ExecutedTrieUpdates`] with present but empty trie updates.
-    pub fn empty() -> Self {
-        Self::Present(Arc::default())
-    }
-
-    /// Sets the trie updates to the provided value as present.
-    pub fn set_present(&mut self, updates: Arc<TrieUpdates>) {
-        *self = Self::Present(updates);
-    }
-
-    /// Takes the present trie updates, leaving the state as missing.
-    pub fn take_present(&mut self) -> Option<Arc<TrieUpdates>> {
-        match self {
-            Self::Present(updates) => {
-                let updates = core::mem::take(updates);
-                *self = Self::Missing;
-                Some(updates)
-            }
-            Self::Missing => None,
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Returns a reference to the trie updates if present.
-    #[allow(clippy::missing_const_for_fn)] // false positive
-    pub fn as_ref(&self) -> Option<&TrieUpdates> {
-        match self {
-            Self::Present(updates) => Some(updates),
-            Self::Missing => None,
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Returns `true` if the trie updates are present.
-    pub const fn is_present(&self) -> bool {
-        matches!(self, Self::Present(_))
-    }
-
-    /// Returns `true` if the trie updates are missing.
-    pub const fn is_missing(&self) -> bool {
-        matches!(self, Self::Missing)
-    }
-}
-
-/// An [`ExecutedBlock`] with its [`TrieUpdates`].
-///
-/// We store it as separate type because [`TrieUpdates`] are only available for blocks stored in
-/// memory and can't be obtained for canonical persisted blocks.
-#[derive(
-    Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, derive_more::Deref, derive_more::DerefMut, derive_more::Into,
-)]
-pub struct ExecutedBlockWithTrieUpdates<N: NodePrimitives = EthPrimitives> {
-    /// Inner [`ExecutedBlock`].
-    #[deref]
-    #[deref_mut]
-    #[into]
-    pub block: ExecutedBlock<N>,
-    /// Trie updates that result from calculating the state root for the block.
-    ///
-    /// If [`ExecutedTrieUpdates::Missing`], the trie updates should be computed when persisting
-    /// the block **on top of the canonical parent**.
-    pub trie: ExecutedTrieUpdates,
-}
-
-impl<N: NodePrimitives> ExecutedBlockWithTrieUpdates<N> {
-    /// [`ExecutedBlock`] constructor.
-    pub const fn new(
-        recovered_block: Arc<RecoveredBlock<N::Block>>,
-        execution_output: Arc<ExecutionOutcome<N::Receipt>>,
-        hashed_state: Arc<HashedPostState>,
-        trie: ExecutedTrieUpdates,
-    ) -> Self {
-        Self { block: ExecutedBlock { recovered_block, execution_output, hashed_state }, trie }
-    }
-
-    /// Returns a reference to the trie updates for the block, if present.
+    /// Returns a reference to the trie updates resulting from the execution outcome
    #[inline]
-    pub fn trie_updates(&self) -> Option<&TrieUpdates> {
-        self.trie.as_ref()
+    pub fn trie_updates(&self) -> &TrieUpdates {
+        &self.trie_updates
    }

-    /// Converts the value into [`SealedBlock`].
-    pub fn into_sealed_block(self) -> SealedBlock<N::Block> {
-        let block = Arc::unwrap_or_clone(self.block.recovered_block);
-        block.into_sealed_block()
+    /// Returns a [`BlockNumber`] of the block.
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn block_number(&self) -> BlockNumber {
+        self.recovered_block.header().number()
    }
 }

@@ -907,32 +786,28 @@ pub enum NewCanonicalChain<N: NodePrimitives = EthPrimitives> {
    /// A simple append to the current canonical head
    Commit {
        /// all blocks that lead back to the canonical head
-        new: Vec<ExecutedBlockWithTrieUpdates<N>>,
+        new: Vec<ExecutedBlock<N>>,
    },
    /// A reorged chain consists of two chains that trace back to a shared ancestor block at which
    /// point they diverge.
    Reorg {
        /// All blocks of the _new_ chain
-        new: Vec<ExecutedBlockWithTrieUpdates<N>>,
+        new: Vec<ExecutedBlock<N>>,
        /// All blocks of the _old_ chain
-        ///
-        /// These are not [`ExecutedBlockWithTrieUpdates`] because we don't always have the trie
-        /// updates for the old canonical chain. For example, in case of node being restarted right
-        /// before the reorg [`TrieUpdates`] can't be fetched from database.
        old: Vec<ExecutedBlock<N>>,
    },
 }

 impl<N: NodePrimitives<SignedTx: SignedTransaction>> NewCanonicalChain<N> {
    /// Returns the length of the new chain.
-    pub fn new_block_count(&self) -> usize {
+    pub const fn new_block_count(&self) -> usize {
        match self {
            Self::Commit { new } | Self::Reorg { new, .. } => new.len(),
        }
    }

    /// Returns the length of the reorged chain.
-    pub fn reorged_block_count(&self) -> usize {
+    pub const fn reorged_block_count(&self) -> usize {
        match self {
            Self::Commit { .. } => 0,
            Self::Reorg { old, .. } => old.len(),
@@ -1281,7 +1156,7 @@ mod tests {
            block1.recovered_block().hash()
        );

-        let chain = NewCanonicalChain::Reorg { new: vec![block2.clone()], old: vec![block1.block] };
+        let chain = NewCanonicalChain::Reorg { new: vec![block2.clone()], old: vec![block1] };
        state.update_chain(chain);
        assert_eq!(
            state.head_state().unwrap().block_ref().recovered_block().hash(),
@@ -1347,7 +1222,7 @@ mod tests {
        // Check the pending block and receipts
        assert_eq!(
            state.pending_block_and_receipts().unwrap(),
-            (block2.recovered_block().sealed_block().clone(), vec![])
+            (block2.recovered_block().clone(), vec![])
        );
    }

@@ -1404,8 +1279,7 @@ mod tests {
    #[test]
    fn test_canonical_in_memory_state_canonical_chain_empty() {
        let state: CanonicalInMemoryState = CanonicalInMemoryState::empty();
-        let chain: Vec<_> = state.canonical_chain().collect();
-        assert!(chain.is_empty());
+        assert!(state.canonical_chain().next().is_none());
    }

    #[test]
@@ -1564,7 +1438,7 @@ mod tests {
        // Test reorg notification
        let chain_reorg = NewCanonicalChain::Reorg {
            new: vec![block1a.clone(), block2a.clone()],
-            old: vec![block1.block.clone(), block2.block.clone()],
+            old: vec![block1.clone(), block2.clone()],
        };

        assert_eq!(
--- a/crates/chain-state/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/chain-state/src/lib.rs
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
    issue_tracker_base_url = "https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/issues/"
 )]
 #![cfg_attr(not(test), warn(unused_crate_dependencies))]
-#![cfg_attr(docsrs, feature(doc_cfg, doc_auto_cfg))]
+#![cfg_attr(docsrs, feature(doc_cfg))]

 mod in_memory;
 pub use in_memory::*;
--- a/crates/chain-state/src/memory_overlay.rs
+++ b/crates/chain-state/src/memory_overlay.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use super::ExecutedBlockWithTrieUpdates;
+use super::ExecutedBlock;
 use alloy_consensus::BlockHeader;
 use alloy_primitives::{keccak256, Address, BlockNumber, Bytes, StorageKey, StorageValue, B256};
 use reth_errors::ProviderResult;
@@ -21,10 +21,10 @@ pub struct MemoryOverlayStateProviderRef<
    'a,
    N: NodePrimitives = reth_ethereum_primitives::EthPrimitives,
 > {
-    /// Historical state provider for state lookups that are not found in in-memory blocks.
+    /// Historical state provider for state lookups that are not found in memory blocks.
    pub(crate) historical: Box<dyn StateProvider + 'a>,
    /// The collection of executed parent blocks. Expected order is newest to oldest.
-    pub(crate) in_memory: Vec<ExecutedBlockWithTrieUpdates<N>>,
+    pub(crate) in_memory: Vec<ExecutedBlock<N>>,
    /// Lazy-loaded in-memory trie data.
    pub(crate) trie_input: OnceLock<TrieInput>,
 }
@@ -41,10 +41,7 @@ impl<'a, N: NodePrimitives> MemoryOverlayStateProviderRef<'a, N> {
    /// - `in_memory` - the collection of executed ancestor blocks in reverse.
    /// - `historical` - a historical state provider for the latest ancestor block stored in the
    ///   database.
-    pub fn new(
-        historical: Box<dyn StateProvider + 'a>,
-        in_memory: Vec<ExecutedBlockWithTrieUpdates<N>>,
-    ) -> Self {
+    pub fn new(historical: Box<dyn StateProvider + 'a>, in_memory: Vec<ExecutedBlock<N>>) -> Self {
        Self { historical, in_memory, trie_input: OnceLock::new() }
    }

@@ -60,10 +57,17 @@ impl<'a, N: NodePrimitives> MemoryOverlayStateProviderRef<'a, N> {
                self.in_memory
                    .iter()
                    .rev()
-                    .map(|block| (block.hashed_state.as_ref(), block.trie.as_ref())),
+                    .map(|block| (block.hashed_state.as_ref(), block.trie_updates.as_ref())),
            )
        })
    }
+
+    fn merged_hashed_storage(&self, address: Address, storage: HashedStorage) -> HashedStorage {
+        let state = &self.trie_input().state;
+        let mut hashed = state.storages.get(&keccak256(address)).cloned().unwrap_or_default();
+        hashed.extend(&storage);
+        hashed
+    }
 }

 impl<N: NodePrimitives> BlockHashReader for MemoryOverlayStateProviderRef<'_, N> {
@@ -84,14 +88,22 @@ impl<N: NodePrimitives> BlockHashReader for MemoryOverlayStateProviderRef<'_, N>
    ) -> ProviderResult<Vec<B256>> {
        let range = start..end;
        let mut earliest_block_number = None;
-        let mut in_memory_hashes = Vec::new();
+        let mut in_memory_hashes = Vec::with_capacity(range.size_hint().0);
+
+        // iterate in ascending order (oldest to newest = low to high)
        for block in &self.in_memory {
-            if range.contains(&block.recovered_block().number()) {
-                in_memory_hashes.insert(0, block.recovered_block().hash());
-                earliest_block_number = Some(block.recovered_block().number());
+            let block_num = block.recovered_block().number();
+            if range.contains(&block_num) {
+                in_memory_hashes.push(block.recovered_block().hash());
+                earliest_block_number = Some(block_num);
            }
        }

+        // `self.in_memory` stores executed blocks in ascending order (oldest to newest).
+        // However, `in_memory_hashes` should be constructed in descending order (newest to oldest),
+        // so we reverse the vector after collecting the hashes.
+        in_memory_hashes.reverse();
+
        let mut hashes =
            self.historical.canonical_hashes_range(start, earliest_block_number.unwrap_or(end))?;
        hashes.append(&mut in_memory_hashes);
@@ -140,11 +152,8 @@ impl<N: NodePrimitives> StateRootProvider for MemoryOverlayStateProviderRef<'_,
 impl<N: NodePrimitives> StorageRootProvider for MemoryOverlayStateProviderRef<'_, N> {
    // TODO: Currently this does not reuse available in-memory trie nodes.
    fn storage_root(&self, address: Address, storage: HashedStorage) -> ProviderResult<B256> {
-        let state = &self.trie_input().state;
-        let mut hashed_storage =
-            state.storages.get(&keccak256(address)).cloned().unwrap_or_default();
-        hashed_storage.extend(&storage);
-        self.historical.storage_root(address, hashed_storage)
+        let merged = self.merged_hashed_storage(address, storage);
+        self.historical.storage_root(address, merged)
    }

    // TODO: Currently this does not reuse available in-memory trie nodes.
@@ -154,11 +163,8 @@ impl<N: NodePrimitives> StorageRootProvider for MemoryOverlayStateProviderRef<'_
        slot: B256,
        storage: HashedStorage,
    ) -> ProviderResult<reth_trie::StorageProof> {
-        let state = &self.trie_input().state;
-        let mut hashed_storage =
-            state.storages.get(&keccak256(address)).cloned().unwrap_or_default();
-        hashed_storage.extend(&storage);
-        self.historical.storage_proof(address, slot, hashed_storage)
+        let merged = self.merged_hashed_storage(address, storage);
+        self.historical.storage_proof(address, slot, merged)
    }

    // TODO: Currently this does not reuse available in-memory trie nodes.
@@ -168,11 +174,8 @@ impl<N: NodePrimitives> StorageRootProvider for MemoryOverlayStateProviderRef<'_
        slots: &[B256],
        storage: HashedStorage,
    ) -> ProviderResult<StorageMultiProof> {
-        let state = &self.trie_input().state;
-        let mut hashed_storage =
-            state.storages.get(&keccak256(address)).cloned().unwrap_or_default();
-        hashed_storage.extend(&storage);
-        self.historical.storage_multiproof(address, slots, hashed_storage)
+        let merged = self.merged_hashed_storage(address, storage);
+        self.historical.storage_multiproof(address, slots, merged)
    }
 }

--- a/crates/chain-state/src/notifications.rs
+++ b/crates/chain-state/src/notifications.rs
@@ -122,16 +122,36 @@ impl<N: NodePrimitives> CanonStateNotification<N> {
        }
    }

-    /// Get the new tip of the chain.
+    /// Gets the new tip of the chain.
    ///
    /// Returns the new tip for [`Self::Reorg`] and [`Self::Commit`] variants which commit at least
    /// 1 new block.
+    ///
+    /// # Panics
+    ///
+    /// If chain doesn't have any blocks.
    pub fn tip(&self) -> &RecoveredBlock<N::Block> {
        match self {
            Self::Commit { new } | Self::Reorg { new, .. } => new.tip(),
        }
    }

+    /// Gets the new tip of the chain.
+    ///
+    /// If the chain has no blocks, it returns `None`. Otherwise, it returns the new tip for
+    /// [`Self::Reorg`] and [`Self::Commit`] variants.
+    pub fn tip_checked(&self) -> Option<&RecoveredBlock<N::Block>> {
+        match self {
+            Self::Commit { new } | Self::Reorg { new, .. } => {
+                if new.is_empty() {
+                    None
+                } else {
+                    Some(new.tip())
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
    /// Get receipts in the reverted and newly imported chain segments with their corresponding
    /// block numbers and transaction hashes.
    ///
--- a/crates/chain-state/src/test_utils.rs
+++ b/crates/chain-state/src/test_utils.rs
@@ -1,10 +1,8 @@
 use crate::{
-    in_memory::ExecutedBlockWithTrieUpdates, CanonStateNotification, CanonStateNotifications,
-    CanonStateSubscriptions, ExecutedTrieUpdates,
-};
-use alloy_consensus::{
-    Header, SignableTransaction, Transaction as _, TxEip1559, TxReceipt, EMPTY_ROOT_HASH,
+    in_memory::ExecutedBlock, CanonStateNotification, CanonStateNotifications,
+    CanonStateSubscriptions,
 };
+use alloy_consensus::{Header, SignableTransaction, TxEip1559, TxReceipt, EMPTY_ROOT_HASH};
 use alloy_eips::{
    eip1559::{ETHEREUM_BLOCK_GAS_LIMIT_30M, INITIAL_BASE_FEE},
    eip7685::Requests,
@@ -25,11 +23,10 @@ use reth_primitives_traits::{
    SignedTransaction,
 };
 use reth_storage_api::NodePrimitivesProvider;
-use reth_trie::{root::state_root_unhashed, HashedPostState};
+use reth_trie::{root::state_root_unhashed, updates::TrieUpdates, HashedPostState};
 use revm_database::BundleState;
 use revm_state::AccountInfo;
 use std::{
-    collections::HashMap,
    ops::Range,
    sync::{Arc, Mutex},
 };
@@ -148,12 +145,10 @@ impl<N: NodePrimitives> TestBlockBuilder<N> {
            mix_hash: B256::random(),
            gas_limit: ETHEREUM_BLOCK_GAS_LIMIT_30M,
            base_fee_per_gas: Some(INITIAL_BASE_FEE),
-            transactions_root: calculate_transaction_root(
-                &transactions.clone().into_iter().map(|tx| tx.into_inner()).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
-            ),
+            transactions_root: calculate_transaction_root(&transactions),
            receipts_root: calculate_receipt_root(&receipts),
            beneficiary: Address::random(),
-            state_root: state_root_unhashed(HashMap::from([(
+            state_root: state_root_unhashed([(
                self.signer,
                Account {
                    balance: initial_signer_balance - signer_balance_decrease,
@@ -161,7 +156,7 @@ impl<N: NodePrimitives> TestBlockBuilder<N> {
                    ..Default::default()
                }
                .into_trie_account(EMPTY_ROOT_HASH),
-            )])),
+            )]),
            // use the number as the timestamp so it is monotonically increasing
            timestamp: number +
                EthereumHardfork::Cancun.activation_timestamp(self.chain_spec.chain).unwrap(),
@@ -203,45 +198,45 @@ impl<N: NodePrimitives> TestBlockBuilder<N> {
        fork
    }

-    /// Gets an [`ExecutedBlockWithTrieUpdates`] with [`BlockNumber`], receipts and parent hash.
+    /// Gets an [`ExecutedBlock`] with [`BlockNumber`], receipts and parent hash.
    fn get_executed_block(
        &mut self,
        block_number: BlockNumber,
        receipts: Vec<Vec<Receipt>>,
        parent_hash: B256,
-    ) -> ExecutedBlockWithTrieUpdates {
+    ) -> ExecutedBlock {
        let block_with_senders = self.generate_random_block(block_number, parent_hash);

        let (block, senders) = block_with_senders.split_sealed();
-        ExecutedBlockWithTrieUpdates::new(
-            Arc::new(RecoveredBlock::new_sealed(block, senders)),
-            Arc::new(ExecutionOutcome::new(
+        ExecutedBlock {
+            recovered_block: Arc::new(RecoveredBlock::new_sealed(block, senders)),
+            execution_output: Arc::new(ExecutionOutcome::new(
                BundleState::default(),
                receipts,
                block_number,
                vec![Requests::default()],
            )),
-            Arc::new(HashedPostState::default()),
-            ExecutedTrieUpdates::empty(),
-        )
+            hashed_state: Arc::new(HashedPostState::default()),
+            trie_updates: Arc::new(TrieUpdates::default()),
+        }
    }

-    /// Generates an [`ExecutedBlockWithTrieUpdates`] that includes the given receipts.
+    /// Generates an [`ExecutedBlock`] that includes the given receipts.
    pub fn get_executed_block_with_receipts(
        &mut self,
        receipts: Vec<Vec<Receipt>>,
        parent_hash: B256,
-    ) -> ExecutedBlockWithTrieUpdates {
+    ) -> ExecutedBlock {
        let number = rand::rng().random::<u64>();
        self.get_executed_block(number, receipts, parent_hash)
    }

-    /// Generates an [`ExecutedBlockWithTrieUpdates`] with the given [`BlockNumber`].
+    /// Generates an [`ExecutedBlock`] with the given [`BlockNumber`].
    pub fn get_executed_block_with_number(
        &mut self,
        block_number: BlockNumber,
        parent_hash: B256,
-    ) -> ExecutedBlockWithTrieUpdates {
+    ) -> ExecutedBlock {
        self.get_executed_block(block_number, vec![vec![]], parent_hash)
    }

@@ -249,7 +244,7 @@ impl<N: NodePrimitives> TestBlockBuilder<N> {
    pub fn get_executed_blocks(
        &mut self,
        range: Range<u64>,
-    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = ExecutedBlockWithTrieUpdates> + '_ {
+    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = ExecutedBlock> + '_ {
        let mut parent_hash = B256::default();
        range.map(move |number| {
            let current_parent_hash = parent_hash;
@@ -266,6 +261,16 @@ impl<N: NodePrimitives> TestBlockBuilder<N> {
        &mut self,
        block: RecoveredBlock<reth_ethereum_primitives::Block>,
    ) -> ExecutionOutcome {
+        let num_txs = block.body().transactions.len() as u64;
+        let single_cost = Self::single_tx_cost();
+
+        let mut final_balance = self.signer_execute_account_info.balance;
+        for _ in 0..num_txs {
+            final_balance -= single_cost;
+        }
+
+        let final_nonce = self.signer_execute_account_info.nonce + num_txs;
+
        let receipts = block
            .body()
            .transactions
@@ -279,26 +284,18 @@ impl<N: NodePrimitives> TestBlockBuilder<N> {
            })
            .collect::<Vec<_>>();

-        let mut bundle_state_builder = BundleState::builder(block.number..=block.number);
-
-        for tx in &block.body().transactions {
-            self.signer_execute_account_info.balance -= Self::single_tx_cost();
-            bundle_state_builder = bundle_state_builder.state_present_account_info(
+        let bundle_state = BundleState::builder(block.number..=block.number)
+            .state_present_account_info(
                self.signer,
-                AccountInfo {
-                    nonce: tx.nonce(),
-                    balance: self.signer_execute_account_info.balance,
-                    ..Default::default()
-                },
-            );
-        }
+                AccountInfo { nonce: final_nonce, balance: final_balance, ..Default::default() },
+            )
+            .build();

-        let execution_outcome = ExecutionOutcome::new(
-            bundle_state_builder.build(),
-            vec![vec![]],
-            block.number,
-            Vec::new(),
-        );
+        self.signer_execute_account_info.balance = final_balance;
+        self.signer_execute_account_info.nonce = final_nonce;
+
+        let execution_outcome =
+            ExecutionOutcome::new(bundle_state, vec![vec![]], block.number, Vec::new());

        execution_outcome.with_receipts(vec![receipts])
    }
--- a/crates/chainspec/Cargo.toml
+++ b/crates/chainspec/Cargo.toml
@@ -35,7 +35,6 @@ derive_more.workspace = true
 alloy-trie = { workspace = true, features = ["arbitrary"] }
 alloy-eips = { workspace = true, features = ["arbitrary"] }
 alloy-rlp = { workspace = true, features = ["arrayvec"] }
-alloy-genesis.workspace = true

 [features]
 default = ["std"]
--- a/crates/chainspec/src/api.rs
+++ b/crates/chainspec/src/api.rs
@@ -1,19 +1,19 @@
 use crate::{ChainSpec, DepositContract};
 use alloc::{boxed::Box, vec::Vec};
 use alloy_chains::Chain;
-use alloy_consensus::Header;
-use alloy_eips::{eip1559::BaseFeeParams, eip7840::BlobParams};
+use alloy_eips::{calc_next_block_base_fee, eip1559::BaseFeeParams, eip7840::BlobParams};
 use alloy_genesis::Genesis;
 use alloy_primitives::{B256, U256};
 use core::fmt::{Debug, Display};
 use reth_ethereum_forks::EthereumHardforks;
 use reth_network_peers::NodeRecord;
+use reth_primitives_traits::{AlloyBlockHeader, BlockHeader};

 /// Trait representing type configuring a chain spec.
 #[auto_impl::auto_impl(&, Arc)]
 pub trait EthChainSpec: Send + Sync + Unpin + Debug {
    /// The header type of the network.
-    type Header;
+    type Header: BlockHeader;

    /// Returns the [`Chain`] object this spec targets.
    fn chain(&self) -> Chain;
@@ -23,9 +23,6 @@ pub trait EthChainSpec: Send + Sync + Unpin + Debug {
        self.chain().id()
    }

-    /// Get the [`BaseFeeParams`] for the chain at the given block.
-    fn base_fee_params_at_block(&self, block_number: u64) -> BaseFeeParams;
-
    /// Get the [`BaseFeeParams`] for the chain at the given timestamp.
    fn base_fee_params_at_timestamp(&self, timestamp: u64) -> BaseFeeParams;

@@ -65,19 +62,25 @@ pub trait EthChainSpec: Send + Sync + Unpin + Debug {

    /// Returns the final total difficulty if the Paris hardfork is known.
    fn final_paris_total_difficulty(&self) -> Option<U256>;
+
+    /// See [`calc_next_block_base_fee`].
+    fn next_block_base_fee(&self, parent: &Self::Header, target_timestamp: u64) -> Option<u64> {
+        Some(calc_next_block_base_fee(
+            parent.gas_used(),
+            parent.gas_limit(),
+            parent.base_fee_per_gas()?,
+            self.base_fee_params_at_timestamp(target_timestamp),
+        ))
+    }
 }

-impl EthChainSpec for ChainSpec {
-    type Header = Header;
+impl<H: BlockHeader> EthChainSpec for ChainSpec<H> {
+    type Header = H;

    fn chain(&self) -> Chain {
        self.chain
    }

-    fn base_fee_params_at_block(&self, block_number: u64) -> BaseFeeParams {
-        self.base_fee_params_at_block(block_number)
-    }
-
    fn base_fee_params_at_timestamp(&self, timestamp: u64) -> BaseFeeParams {
        self.base_fee_params_at_timestamp(timestamp)
    }
--- a/crates/chainspec/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/chainspec/src/lib.rs
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
    issue_tracker_base_url = "https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/issues/"
 )]
 #![cfg_attr(not(test), warn(unused_crate_dependencies))]
-#![cfg_attr(docsrs, feature(doc_cfg, doc_auto_cfg))]
+#![cfg_attr(docsrs, feature(doc_cfg))]
 #![cfg_attr(not(feature = "std"), no_std)]

 extern crate alloc;
@@ -145,4 +145,34 @@ mod tests {
        let chain: Chain = NamedChain::Holesky.into();
        assert_eq!(s, chain.public_dns_network_protocol().unwrap().as_str());
    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_centralized_base_fee_calculation() {
+        use crate::{ChainSpec, EthChainSpec};
+        use alloy_consensus::Header;
+        use alloy_eips::eip1559::INITIAL_BASE_FEE;
+
+        fn parent_header() -> Header {
+            Header {
+                gas_used: 15_000_000,
+                gas_limit: 30_000_000,
+                base_fee_per_gas: Some(INITIAL_BASE_FEE),
+                timestamp: 1_000,
+                ..Default::default()
+            }
+        }
+
+        let spec = ChainSpec::default();
+        let parent = parent_header();
+
+        // For testing, assume next block has timestamp 12 seconds later
+        let next_timestamp = parent.timestamp + 12;
+
+        let expected = parent
+            .next_block_base_fee(spec.base_fee_params_at_timestamp(next_timestamp))
+            .unwrap_or_default();
+
+        let got = spec.next_block_base_fee(&parent, next_timestamp).unwrap_or_default();
+        assert_eq!(expected, got, "Base fee calculation does not match expected value");
+    }
 }
--- a/crates/chainspec/src/spec.rs
+++ b/crates/chainspec/src/spec.rs
@@ -3,19 +3,25 @@ use alloy_evm::eth::spec::EthExecutorSpec;

 use crate::{
    constants::{MAINNET_DEPOSIT_CONTRACT, MAINNET_PRUNE_DELETE_LIMIT},
+    ethereum::SEPOLIA_PARIS_TTD,
+    holesky, hoodi, mainnet,
+    mainnet::{MAINNET_PARIS_BLOCK, MAINNET_PARIS_TTD},
+    sepolia,
+    sepolia::SEPOLIA_PARIS_BLOCK,
    EthChainSpec,
 };
-use alloc::{boxed::Box, sync::Arc, vec::Vec};
+use alloc::{boxed::Box, format, sync::Arc, vec::Vec};
 use alloy_chains::{Chain, NamedChain};
 use alloy_consensus::{
    constants::{
-        DEV_GENESIS_HASH, EMPTY_WITHDRAWALS, HOLESKY_GENESIS_HASH, HOODI_GENESIS_HASH,
-        MAINNET_GENESIS_HASH, SEPOLIA_GENESIS_HASH,
+        EMPTY_WITHDRAWALS, HOLESKY_GENESIS_HASH, HOODI_GENESIS_HASH, MAINNET_GENESIS_HASH,
+        SEPOLIA_GENESIS_HASH,
    },
    Header,
 };
 use alloy_eips::{
-    eip1559::INITIAL_BASE_FEE, eip7685::EMPTY_REQUESTS_HASH, eip7892::BlobScheduleBlobParams,
+    eip1559::INITIAL_BASE_FEE, eip7685::EMPTY_REQUESTS_HASH, eip7840::BlobParams,
+    eip7892::BlobScheduleBlobParams,
 };
 use alloy_genesis::Genesis;
 use alloy_primitives::{address, b256, Address, BlockNumber, B256, U256};
@@ -30,7 +36,7 @@ use reth_network_peers::{
    holesky_nodes, hoodi_nodes, mainnet_nodes, op_nodes, op_testnet_nodes, sepolia_nodes,
    NodeRecord,
 };
-use reth_primitives_traits::{sync::LazyLock, SealedHeader};
+use reth_primitives_traits::{sync::LazyLock, BlockHeader, SealedHeader};

 /// Helper method building a [`Header`] given [`Genesis`] and [`ChainHardforks`].
 pub fn make_genesis_header(genesis: &Genesis, hardforks: &ChainHardforks) -> Header {
@@ -99,7 +105,7 @@ pub static MAINNET: LazyLock<Arc<ChainSpec>> = LazyLock::new(|| {
        genesis,
        // <https://etherscan.io/block/15537394>
        paris_block_and_final_difficulty: Some((
-            15537394,
+            MAINNET_PARIS_BLOCK,
            U256::from(58_750_003_716_598_352_816_469u128),
        )),
        hardforks,
@@ -107,7 +113,10 @@ pub static MAINNET: LazyLock<Arc<ChainSpec>> = LazyLock::new(|| {
        deposit_contract: Some(MAINNET_DEPOSIT_CONTRACT),
        base_fee_params: BaseFeeParamsKind::Constant(BaseFeeParams::ethereum()),
        prune_delete_limit: MAINNET_PRUNE_DELETE_LIMIT,
-        blob_params: BlobScheduleBlobParams::default(),
+        blob_params: BlobScheduleBlobParams::default().with_scheduled([
+            (mainnet::MAINNET_BPO1_TIMESTAMP, BlobParams::bpo1()),
+            (mainnet::MAINNET_BPO2_TIMESTAMP, BlobParams::bpo2()),
+        ]),
    };
    spec.genesis.config.dao_fork_support = true;
    spec.into()
@@ -126,7 +135,10 @@ pub static SEPOLIA: LazyLock<Arc<ChainSpec>> = LazyLock::new(|| {
        ),
        genesis,
        // <https://sepolia.etherscan.io/block/1450409>
-        paris_block_and_final_difficulty: Some((1450409, U256::from(17_000_018_015_853_232u128))),
+        paris_block_and_final_difficulty: Some((
+            SEPOLIA_PARIS_BLOCK,
+            U256::from(17_000_018_015_853_232u128),
+        )),
        hardforks,
        // https://sepolia.etherscan.io/tx/0x025ecbf81a2f1220da6285d1701dc89fb5a956b62562ee922e1a9efd73eb4b14
        deposit_contract: Some(DepositContract::new(
@@ -136,7 +148,10 @@ pub static SEPOLIA: LazyLock<Arc<ChainSpec>> = LazyLock::new(|| {
        )),
        base_fee_params: BaseFeeParamsKind::Constant(BaseFeeParams::ethereum()),
        prune_delete_limit: 10000,
-        blob_params: BlobScheduleBlobParams::default(),
+        blob_params: BlobScheduleBlobParams::default().with_scheduled([
+            (sepolia::SEPOLIA_BPO1_TIMESTAMP, BlobParams::bpo1()),
+            (sepolia::SEPOLIA_BPO2_TIMESTAMP, BlobParams::bpo2()),
+        ]),
    };
    spec.genesis.config.dao_fork_support = true;
    spec.into()
@@ -163,7 +178,10 @@ pub static HOLESKY: LazyLock<Arc<ChainSpec>> = LazyLock::new(|| {
        )),
        base_fee_params: BaseFeeParamsKind::Constant(BaseFeeParams::ethereum()),
        prune_delete_limit: 10000,
-        blob_params: BlobScheduleBlobParams::default(),
+        blob_params: BlobScheduleBlobParams::default().with_scheduled([
+            (holesky::HOLESKY_BPO1_TIMESTAMP, BlobParams::bpo1()),
+            (holesky::HOLESKY_BPO2_TIMESTAMP, BlobParams::bpo2()),
+        ]),
    };
    spec.genesis.config.dao_fork_support = true;
    spec.into()
@@ -192,7 +210,10 @@ pub static HOODI: LazyLock<Arc<ChainSpec>> = LazyLock::new(|| {
        )),
        base_fee_params: BaseFeeParamsKind::Constant(BaseFeeParams::ethereum()),
        prune_delete_limit: 10000,
-        blob_params: BlobScheduleBlobParams::default(),
+        blob_params: BlobScheduleBlobParams::default().with_scheduled([
+            (hoodi::HOODI_BPO1_TIMESTAMP, BlobParams::bpo1()),
+            (hoodi::HOODI_BPO2_TIMESTAMP, BlobParams::bpo2()),
+        ]),
    };
    spec.genesis.config.dao_fork_support = true;
    spec.into()
@@ -208,13 +229,10 @@ pub static DEV: LazyLock<Arc<ChainSpec>> = LazyLock::new(|| {
    let hardforks = DEV_HARDFORKS.clone();
    ChainSpec {
        chain: Chain::dev(),
-        genesis_header: SealedHeader::new(
-            make_genesis_header(&genesis, &hardforks),
-            DEV_GENESIS_HASH,
-        ),
+        genesis_header: SealedHeader::seal_slow(make_genesis_header(&genesis, &hardforks)),
        genesis,
        paris_block_and_final_difficulty: Some((0, U256::from(0))),
-        hardforks: DEV_HARDFORKS.clone(),
+        hardforks,
        base_fee_params: BaseFeeParamsKind::Constant(BaseFeeParams::ethereum()),
        deposit_contract: None, // TODO: do we even have?
        ..Default::default()
@@ -256,7 +274,7 @@ impl From<ForkBaseFeeParams> for BaseFeeParamsKind {
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, From)]
 pub struct ForkBaseFeeParams(Vec<(Box<dyn Hardfork>, BaseFeeParams)>);

-impl core::ops::Deref for ChainSpec {
+impl<H: BlockHeader> core::ops::Deref for ChainSpec<H> {
    type Target = ChainHardforks;

    fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
@@ -272,7 +290,7 @@ impl core::ops::Deref for ChainSpec {
 /// - The genesis block of the chain ([`Genesis`])
 /// - What hardforks are activated, and under which conditions
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub struct ChainSpec {
+pub struct ChainSpec<H: BlockHeader = Header> {
    /// The chain ID
    pub chain: Chain,

@@ -280,7 +298,7 @@ pub struct ChainSpec {
    pub genesis: Genesis,

    /// The header corresponding to the genesis block.
-    pub genesis_header: SealedHeader,
+    pub genesis_header: SealedHeader<H>,

    /// The block at which [`EthereumHardfork::Paris`] was activated and the final difficulty at
    /// this block.
@@ -302,7 +320,7 @@ pub struct ChainSpec {
    pub blob_params: BlobScheduleBlobParams,
 }

-impl Default for ChainSpec {
+impl<H: BlockHeader> Default for ChainSpec<H> {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self {
            chain: Default::default(),
@@ -324,6 +342,13 @@ impl ChainSpec {
        genesis.into()
    }

+    /// Build a chainspec using [`ChainSpecBuilder`]
+    pub fn builder() -> ChainSpecBuilder {
+        ChainSpecBuilder::default()
+    }
+}
+
+impl<H: BlockHeader> ChainSpec<H> {
    /// Get information about the chain itself
    pub const fn chain(&self) -> Chain {
        self.chain
@@ -355,12 +380,12 @@ impl ChainSpec {
    }

    /// Get the header for the genesis block.
-    pub fn genesis_header(&self) -> &Header {
+    pub fn genesis_header(&self) -> &H {
        &self.genesis_header
    }

    /// Get the sealed header for the genesis block.
-    pub fn sealed_genesis_header(&self) -> SealedHeader {
+    pub fn sealed_genesis_header(&self) -> SealedHeader<H> {
        SealedHeader::new(self.genesis_header().clone(), self.genesis_hash())
    }

@@ -393,25 +418,6 @@ impl ChainSpec {
        }
    }

-    /// Get the [`BaseFeeParams`] for the chain at the given block number
-    pub fn base_fee_params_at_block(&self, block_number: u64) -> BaseFeeParams {
-        match self.base_fee_params {
-            BaseFeeParamsKind::Constant(bf_params) => bf_params,
-            BaseFeeParamsKind::Variable(ForkBaseFeeParams(ref bf_params)) => {
-                // Walk through the base fee params configuration in reverse order, and return the
-                // first one that corresponds to a hardfork that is active at the
-                // given timestamp.
-                for (fork, params) in bf_params.iter().rev() {
-                    if self.hardforks.is_fork_active_at_block(fork.clone(), block_number) {
-                        return *params
-                    }
-                }
-
-                bf_params.first().map(|(_, params)| *params).unwrap_or(BaseFeeParams::ethereum())
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
    /// Get the hash of the genesis block.
    pub fn genesis_hash(&self) -> B256 {
        self.genesis_header.hash()
@@ -428,7 +434,7 @@ impl ChainSpec {
    }

    /// Get the fork filter for the given hardfork
-    pub fn hardfork_fork_filter<H: Hardfork + Clone>(&self, fork: H) -> Option<ForkFilter> {
+    pub fn hardfork_fork_filter<HF: Hardfork + Clone>(&self, fork: HF) -> Option<ForkFilter> {
        match self.hardforks.fork(fork.clone()) {
            ForkCondition::Never => None,
            _ => Some(self.fork_filter(self.satisfy(self.hardforks.fork(fork)))),
@@ -437,12 +443,31 @@ impl ChainSpec {

    /// Returns the hardfork display helper.
    pub fn display_hardforks(&self) -> DisplayHardforks {
-        DisplayHardforks::new(self.hardforks.forks_iter())
+        // Create an iterator with hardfork, condition, and optional blob metadata
+        let hardforks_with_meta = self.hardforks.forks_iter().map(|(fork, condition)| {
+            // Generate blob metadata for timestamp-based hardforks that have blob params
+            let metadata = match condition {
+                ForkCondition::Timestamp(timestamp) => {
+                    // Try to get blob params for this timestamp
+                    // This automatically handles all hardforks with blob support
+                    EthChainSpec::blob_params_at_timestamp(self, timestamp).map(|params| {
+                        format!(
+                            "blob: (target: {}, max: {}, fraction: {})",
+                            params.target_blob_count, params.max_blob_count, params.update_fraction
+                        )
+                    })
+                }
+                _ => None,
+            };
+            (fork, condition, metadata)
+        });
+
+        DisplayHardforks::with_meta(hardforks_with_meta)
    }

    /// Get the fork id for the given hardfork.
    #[inline]
-    pub fn hardfork_fork_id<H: Hardfork + Clone>(&self, fork: H) -> Option<ForkId> {
+    pub fn hardfork_fork_id<HF: Hardfork + Clone>(&self, fork: HF) -> Option<ForkId> {
        let condition = self.hardforks.fork(fork);
        match condition {
            ForkCondition::Never => None,
@@ -474,8 +499,8 @@ impl ChainSpec {
    /// Creates a [`ForkFilter`] for the block described by [Head].
    pub fn fork_filter(&self, head: Head) -> ForkFilter {
        let forks = self.hardforks.forks_iter().filter_map(|(_, condition)| {
-            // We filter out TTD-based forks w/o a pre-known block since those do not show up in the
-            // fork filter.
+            // We filter out TTD-based forks w/o a pre-known block since those do not show up in
+            // the fork filter.
            Some(match condition {
                ForkCondition::Block(block) |
                ForkCondition::TTD { fork_block: Some(block), .. } => ForkFilterKey::Block(block),
@@ -607,11 +632,6 @@ impl ChainSpec {
        None
    }

-    /// Build a chainspec using [`ChainSpecBuilder`]
-    pub fn builder() -> ChainSpecBuilder {
-        ChainSpecBuilder::default()
-    }
-
    /// Returns the known bootnode records for the given chain.
    pub fn bootnodes(&self) -> Option<Vec<NodeRecord>> {
        use NamedChain as C;
@@ -633,6 +653,32 @@ impl ChainSpec {
            _ => None,
        }
    }
+
+    /// Convert header to another type.
+    pub fn map_header<NewH: BlockHeader>(self, f: impl FnOnce(H) -> NewH) -> ChainSpec<NewH> {
+        let Self {
+            chain,
+            genesis,
+            genesis_header,
+            paris_block_and_final_difficulty,
+            hardforks,
+            deposit_contract,
+            base_fee_params,
+            prune_delete_limit,
+            blob_params,
+        } = self;
+        ChainSpec {
+            chain,
+            genesis,
+            genesis_header: SealedHeader::new_unhashed(f(genesis_header.into_header())),
+            paris_block_and_final_difficulty,
+            hardforks,
+            deposit_contract,
+            base_fee_params,
+            prune_delete_limit,
+            blob_params,
+        }
+    }
 }

 impl From<Genesis> for ChainSpec {
@@ -662,26 +708,50 @@ impl From<Genesis> for ChainSpec {
        // We expect no new networks to be configured with the merge, so we ignore the TTD field
        // and merge netsplit block from external genesis files. All existing networks that have
        // merged should have a static ChainSpec already (namely mainnet and sepolia).
-        let paris_block_and_final_difficulty =
-            if let Some(ttd) = genesis.config.terminal_total_difficulty {
-                hardforks.push((
-                    EthereumHardfork::Paris.boxed(),
-                    ForkCondition::TTD {
-                        // NOTE: this will not work properly if the merge is not activated at
-                        // genesis, and there is no merge netsplit block
-                        activation_block_number: genesis
-                            .config
-                            .merge_netsplit_block
-                            .unwrap_or_default(),
-                        total_difficulty: ttd,
-                        fork_block: genesis.config.merge_netsplit_block,
-                    },
-                ));
+        let paris_block_and_final_difficulty = if let Some(ttd) =
+            genesis.config.terminal_total_difficulty
+        {
+            hardforks.push((
+                EthereumHardfork::Paris.boxed(),
+                ForkCondition::TTD {
+                    // NOTE: this will not work properly if the merge is not activated at
+                    // genesis, and there is no merge netsplit block
+                    activation_block_number: genesis
+                        .config
+                        .merge_netsplit_block
+                        .or_else(|| {
+                            // due to this limitation we can't determine the merge block,
+                            // this is the case for perfnet testing for example
+                            // at the time of this fix, only two networks transitioned: MAINNET +
+                            // SEPOLIA and this parsing from genesis is used for shadowforking, so
+                            // we can reasonably assume that if the TTD and the chainid matches
+                            // those networks we use the activation
+                            // blocks of those networks
+                            match genesis.config.chain_id {
+                                1 => {
+                                    if ttd == MAINNET_PARIS_TTD {
+                                        return Some(MAINNET_PARIS_BLOCK)
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                11155111 => {
+                                    if ttd == SEPOLIA_PARIS_TTD {
+                                        return Some(SEPOLIA_PARIS_BLOCK)
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                _ => {}
+                            };
+                            None
+                        })
+                        .unwrap_or_default(),
+                    total_difficulty: ttd,
+                    fork_block: genesis.config.merge_netsplit_block,
+                },
+            ));

-                genesis.config.merge_netsplit_block.map(|block| (block, ttd))
-            } else {
-                None
-            };
+            genesis.config.merge_netsplit_block.map(|block| (block, ttd))
+        } else {
+            None
+        };

        // Time-based hardforks
        let time_hardfork_opts = [
@@ -689,6 +759,11 @@ impl From<Genesis> for ChainSpec {
            (EthereumHardfork::Cancun.boxed(), genesis.config.cancun_time),
            (EthereumHardfork::Prague.boxed(), genesis.config.prague_time),
            (EthereumHardfork::Osaka.boxed(), genesis.config.osaka_time),
+            (EthereumHardfork::Bpo1.boxed(), genesis.config.bpo1_time),
+            (EthereumHardfork::Bpo2.boxed(), genesis.config.bpo2_time),
+            (EthereumHardfork::Bpo3.boxed(), genesis.config.bpo3_time),
+            (EthereumHardfork::Bpo4.boxed(), genesis.config.bpo4_time),
+            (EthereumHardfork::Bpo5.boxed(), genesis.config.bpo5_time),
        ];

        let mut time_hardforks = time_hardfork_opts
@@ -740,8 +815,8 @@ impl From<Genesis> for ChainSpec {
    }
 }

-impl Hardforks for ChainSpec {
-    fn fork<H: Hardfork>(&self, fork: H) -> ForkCondition {
+impl<H: BlockHeader> Hardforks for ChainSpec<H> {
+    fn fork<HF: Hardfork>(&self, fork: HF) -> ForkCondition {
        self.hardforks.fork(fork)
    }

@@ -762,7 +837,7 @@ impl Hardforks for ChainSpec {
    }
 }

-impl EthereumHardforks for ChainSpec {
+impl<H: BlockHeader> EthereumHardforks for ChainSpec<H> {
    fn ethereum_fork_activation(&self, fork: EthereumHardfork) -> ForkCondition {
        self.fork(fork)
    }
@@ -804,6 +879,12 @@ impl ChainSpecBuilder {
        self
    }

+    /// Resets any existing hardforks from the builder.
+    pub fn reset(mut self) -> Self {
+        self.hardforks = ChainHardforks::default();
+        self
+    }
+
    /// Set the genesis block.
    pub fn genesis(mut self, genesis: Genesis) -> Self {
        self.genesis = Some(genesis);
@@ -824,7 +905,7 @@ impl ChainSpecBuilder {

    /// Remove the given fork from the spec.
    pub fn without_fork<H: Hardfork>(mut self, fork: H) -> Self {
-        self.hardforks.remove(fork);
+        self.hardforks.remove(&fork);
        self
    }

@@ -942,6 +1023,12 @@ impl ChainSpecBuilder {
        self
    }

+    /// Enable Prague at the given timestamp.
+    pub fn with_prague_at(mut self, timestamp: u64) -> Self {
+        self.hardforks.insert(EthereumHardfork::Prague, ForkCondition::Timestamp(timestamp));
+        self
+    }
+
    /// Enable Osaka at genesis.
    pub fn osaka_activated(mut self) -> Self {
        self = self.prague_activated();
@@ -949,6 +1036,12 @@ impl ChainSpecBuilder {
        self
    }

+    /// Enable Osaka at the given timestamp.
+    pub fn with_osaka_at(mut self, timestamp: u64) -> Self {
+        self.hardforks.insert(EthereumHardfork::Osaka, ForkCondition::Timestamp(timestamp));
+        self
+    }
+
    /// Build the resulting [`ChainSpec`].
    ///
    /// # Panics
@@ -991,7 +1084,7 @@ impl From<&Arc<ChainSpec>> for ChainSpecBuilder {
    }
 }

-impl EthExecutorSpec for ChainSpec {
+impl<H: BlockHeader> EthExecutorSpec for ChainSpec<H> {
    fn deposit_contract_address(&self) -> Option<Address> {
        self.deposit_contract.map(|deposit_contract| deposit_contract.address)
    }
@@ -1050,9 +1143,9 @@ mod tests {
                    "Expected fork ID {expected_id:?}, computed fork ID {computed_id:?} for hardfork {hardfork}"
                );
                if matches!(hardfork, EthereumHardfork::Shanghai) {
-                    if let Some(shangai_id) = spec.shanghai_fork_id() {
+                    if let Some(shanghai_id) = spec.shanghai_fork_id() {
                        assert_eq!(
-                            expected_id, &shangai_id,
+                            expected_id, &shanghai_id,
                            "Expected fork ID {expected_id:?}, computed fork ID {computed_id:?} for Shanghai hardfork"
                        );
                    } else {
@@ -1086,8 +1179,11 @@ Merge hard forks:
 - Paris                            @58750000000000000000000 (network is known to be merged)
 Post-merge hard forks (timestamp based):
 - Shanghai                         @1681338455
- Cancun                           @1710338135
- Prague                           @1746612311"
+- Cancun                           @1710338135          blob: (target: 3, max: 6, fraction: 3338477)
+- Prague                           @1746612311          blob: (target: 6, max: 9, fraction: 5007716)
+- Osaka                            @1764798551          blob: (target: 6, max: 9, fraction: 5007716)
+- Bpo1                             @1765290071          blob: (target: 10, max: 15, fraction: 8346193)
+- Bpo2                             @1767747671          blob: (target: 14, max: 21, fraction: 11684671)"
        );
    }

@@ -1227,7 +1323,7 @@ Post-merge hard forks (timestamp based):
            Head { number: 101, timestamp: 11313123, ..Default::default() };
        assert_eq!(
            fork_cond_ttd_blocknum_head, fork_cond_ttd_blocknum_expected,
-            "expected satisfy() to return {fork_cond_ttd_blocknum_expected:#?}, but got {fork_cond_ttd_blocknum_expected:#?} ",
+            "expected satisfy() to return {fork_cond_ttd_blocknum_expected:#?}, but got {fork_cond_ttd_blocknum_head:#?} ",
        );

        // spec w/ only ForkCondition::Block - test the match arm for ForkCondition::Block to ensure
@@ -1256,7 +1352,7 @@ Post-merge hard forks (timestamp based):
            Head { total_difficulty: U256::from(10_790_000), ..Default::default() };
        assert_eq!(
            fork_cond_ttd_no_new_spec, fork_cond_ttd_no_new_spec_expected,
-            "expected satisfy() to return {fork_cond_ttd_blocknum_expected:#?}, but got {fork_cond_ttd_blocknum_expected:#?} ",
+            "expected satisfy() to return {fork_cond_ttd_no_new_spec_expected:#?}, but got {fork_cond_ttd_no_new_spec:#?} ",
        );
    }

@@ -1331,7 +1427,10 @@ Post-merge hard forks (timestamp based):
                ),
                (
                    EthereumHardfork::Prague,
-                    ForkId { hash: ForkHash([0xc3, 0x76, 0xcf, 0x8b]), next: 0 },
+                    ForkId {
+                        hash: ForkHash([0xc3, 0x76, 0xcf, 0x8b]),
+                        next: mainnet::MAINNET_OSAKA_TIMESTAMP,
+                    },
                ),
            ],
        );
@@ -1396,7 +1495,10 @@ Post-merge hard forks (timestamp based):
                ),
                (
                    EthereumHardfork::Prague,
-                    ForkId { hash: ForkHash([0xed, 0x88, 0xb5, 0xfd]), next: 0 },
+                    ForkId {
+                        hash: ForkHash([0xed, 0x88, 0xb5, 0xfd]),
+                        next: sepolia::SEPOLIA_OSAKA_TIMESTAMP,
+                    },
                ),
            ],
        );
@@ -1471,13 +1573,23 @@ Post-merge hard forks (timestamp based):
                ),
                // First Prague block
                (
-                    Head { number: 20000002, timestamp: 1746612311, ..Default::default() },
-                    ForkId { hash: ForkHash([0xc3, 0x76, 0xcf, 0x8b]), next: 0 },
+                    Head { number: 20000004, timestamp: 1746612311, ..Default::default() },
+                    ForkId {
+                        hash: ForkHash([0xc3, 0x76, 0xcf, 0x8b]),
+                        next: mainnet::MAINNET_OSAKA_TIMESTAMP,
+                    },
                ),
-                // Future Prague block
+                // Osaka block
                (
-                    Head { number: 20000002, timestamp: 2000000000, ..Default::default() },
-                    ForkId { hash: ForkHash([0xc3, 0x76, 0xcf, 0x8b]), next: 0 },
+                    Head {
+                        number: 20000004,
+                        timestamp: mainnet::MAINNET_OSAKA_TIMESTAMP,
+                        ..Default::default()
+                    },
+                    ForkId {
+                        hash: ForkHash(hex!("0x5167e2a6")),
+                        next: mainnet::MAINNET_BPO1_TIMESTAMP,
+                    },
                ),
            ],
        );
@@ -1495,7 +1607,22 @@ Post-merge hard forks (timestamp based):
                // First Prague block
                (
                    Head { number: 0, timestamp: 1742999833, ..Default::default() },
-                    ForkId { hash: ForkHash([0x09, 0x29, 0xe2, 0x4e]), next: 0 },
+                    ForkId {
+                        hash: ForkHash([0x09, 0x29, 0xe2, 0x4e]),
+                        next: hoodi::HOODI_OSAKA_TIMESTAMP,
+                    },
+                ),
+                // First Osaka block
+                (
+                    Head {
+                        number: 0,
+                        timestamp: hoodi::HOODI_OSAKA_TIMESTAMP,
+                        ..Default::default()
+                    },
+                    ForkId {
+                        hash: ForkHash(hex!("0xe7e0e7ff")),
+                        next: hoodi::HOODI_BPO1_TIMESTAMP,
+                    },
                ),
            ],
        )
@@ -1543,7 +1670,22 @@ Post-merge hard forks (timestamp based):
                // First Prague block
                (
                    Head { number: 123, timestamp: 1740434112, ..Default::default() },
-                    ForkId { hash: ForkHash([0xdf, 0xbd, 0x9b, 0xed]), next: 0 },
+                    ForkId {
+                        hash: ForkHash([0xdf, 0xbd, 0x9b, 0xed]),
+                        next: holesky::HOLESKY_OSAKA_TIMESTAMP,
+                    },
+                ),
+                // First Osaka block
+                (
+                    Head {
+                        number: 123,
+                        timestamp: holesky::HOLESKY_OSAKA_TIMESTAMP,
+                        ..Default::default()
+                    },
+                    ForkId {
+                        hash: ForkHash(hex!("0x783def52")),
+                        next: holesky::HOLESKY_BPO1_TIMESTAMP,
+                    },
                ),
            ],
        )
@@ -1593,7 +1735,22 @@ Post-merge hard forks (timestamp based):
                // First Prague block
                (
                    Head { number: 1735377, timestamp: 1741159776, ..Default::default() },
-                    ForkId { hash: ForkHash([0xed, 0x88, 0xb5, 0xfd]), next: 0 },
+                    ForkId {
+                        hash: ForkHash([0xed, 0x88, 0xb5, 0xfd]),
+                        next: sepolia::SEPOLIA_OSAKA_TIMESTAMP,
+                    },
+                ),
+                // First Osaka block
+                (
+                    Head {
+                        number: 1735377,
+                        timestamp: sepolia::SEPOLIA_OSAKA_TIMESTAMP,
+                        ..Default::default()
+                    },
+                    ForkId {
+                        hash: ForkHash(hex!("0xe2ae4999")),
+                        next: sepolia::SEPOLIA_BPO1_TIMESTAMP,
+                    },
                ),
            ],
        );
@@ -1605,7 +1762,7 @@ Post-merge hard forks (timestamp based):
            &DEV,
            &[(
                Head { number: 0, ..Default::default() },
-                ForkId { hash: ForkHash([0x45, 0xb8, 0x36, 0x12]), next: 0 },
+                ForkId { hash: ForkHash([0x0b, 0x1a, 0x4e, 0xf7]), next: 0 },
            )],
        )
    }
@@ -1741,11 +1898,22 @@ Post-merge hard forks (timestamp based):
                ), // First Prague block
                (
                    Head { number: 20000004, timestamp: 1746612311, ..Default::default() },
-                    ForkId { hash: ForkHash([0xc3, 0x76, 0xcf, 0x8b]), next: 0 },
-                ), // Future Prague block
+                    ForkId {
+                        hash: ForkHash([0xc3, 0x76, 0xcf, 0x8b]),
+                        next: mainnet::MAINNET_OSAKA_TIMESTAMP,
+                    },
+                ),
+                // Osaka block
                (
-                    Head { number: 20000004, timestamp: 2000000000, ..Default::default() },
-                    ForkId { hash: ForkHash([0xc3, 0x76, 0xcf, 0x8b]), next: 0 },
+                    Head {
+                        number: 20000004,
+                        timestamp: mainnet::MAINNET_OSAKA_TIMESTAMP,
+                        ..Default::default()
+                    },
+                    ForkId {
+                        hash: ForkHash(hex!("0x5167e2a6")),
+                        next: mainnet::MAINNET_BPO1_TIMESTAMP,
+                    },
                ),
            ],
        );
@@ -2368,7 +2536,7 @@ Post-merge hard forks (timestamp based):

    #[test]
    fn check_fork_id_chainspec_with_fork_condition_never() {
-        let spec = ChainSpec {
+        let spec: ChainSpec = ChainSpec {
            chain: Chain::mainnet(),
            genesis: Genesis::default(),
            hardforks: ChainHardforks::new(vec![(
@@ -2385,7 +2553,7 @@ Post-merge hard forks (timestamp based):

    #[test]
    fn check_fork_filter_chainspec_with_fork_condition_never() {
-        let spec = ChainSpec {
+        let spec: ChainSpec = ChainSpec {
            chain: Chain::mainnet(),
            genesis: Genesis::default(),
            hardforks: ChainHardforks::new(vec![(
@@ -2402,10 +2570,26 @@ Post-merge hard forks (timestamp based):

    #[test]
    fn latest_eth_mainnet_fork_id() {
-        assert_eq!(
-            ForkId { hash: ForkHash([0xc3, 0x76, 0xcf, 0x8b]), next: 0 },
-            MAINNET.latest_fork_id()
-        )
+        // BPO2
+        assert_eq!(ForkId { hash: ForkHash(hex!("0x07c9462e")), next: 0 }, MAINNET.latest_fork_id())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn latest_hoodi_mainnet_fork_id() {
+        // BPO2
+        assert_eq!(ForkId { hash: ForkHash(hex!("0x23aa1351")), next: 0 }, HOODI.latest_fork_id())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn latest_holesky_mainnet_fork_id() {
+        // BPO2
+        assert_eq!(ForkId { hash: ForkHash(hex!("0x9bc6cb31")), next: 0 }, HOLESKY.latest_fork_id())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn latest_sepolia_mainnet_fork_id() {
+        // BPO2
+        assert_eq!(ForkId { hash: ForkHash(hex!("0x268956b6")), next: 0 }, SEPOLIA.latest_fork_id())
    }

    #[test]
@@ -2528,6 +2712,7 @@ Post-merge hard forks (timestamp based):
                update_fraction: 3338477,
                min_blob_fee: BLOB_TX_MIN_BLOB_GASPRICE,
                max_blobs_per_tx: 6,
+                blob_base_cost: 0,
            },
            prague: BlobParams {
                target_blob_count: 3,
@@ -2535,9 +2720,77 @@ Post-merge hard forks (timestamp based):
                update_fraction: 3338477,
                min_blob_fee: BLOB_TX_MIN_BLOB_GASPRICE,
                max_blobs_per_tx: 6,
+                blob_base_cost: 0,
            },
            ..Default::default()
        };
        assert_eq!(hardfork_params, expected);
    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn parse_perf_net_genesis() {
+        let s = r#"{
+    "config": {
+        "chainId": 1,
+        "homesteadBlock": 1150000,
+        "daoForkBlock": 1920000,
+        "daoForkSupport": true,
+        "eip150Block": 2463000,
+        "eip150Hash": "0x2086799aeebeae135c246c65021c82b4e15a2c451340993aacfd2751886514f0",
+        "eip155Block": 2675000,
+        "eip158Block": 2675000,
+        "byzantiumBlock": 4370000,
+        "constantinopleBlock": 7280000,
+        "petersburgBlock": 7280000,
+        "istanbulBlock": 9069000,
+        "muirGlacierBlock": 9200000,
+        "berlinBlock": 12244000,
+        "londonBlock": 12965000,
+        "arrowGlacierBlock": 13773000,
+        "grayGlacierBlock": 15050000,
+        "terminalTotalDifficulty": 58750000000000000000000,
+        "terminalTotalDifficultyPassed": true,
+        "shanghaiTime": 1681338455,
+        "cancunTime": 1710338135,
+        "pragueTime": 1746612311,
+        "ethash": {},
+        "depositContractAddress": "0x00000000219ab540356cBB839Cbe05303d7705Fa",
+        "blobSchedule": {
+            "cancun": {
+                "target": 3,
+                "max": 6,
+                "baseFeeUpdateFraction": 3338477
+            },
+            "prague": {
+                "target": 6,
+                "max": 9,
+                "baseFeeUpdateFraction": 5007716
+            }
+        }
+    },
+    "nonce": "0x42",
+    "timestamp": "0x0",
+    "extraData": "0x11bbe8db4e347b4e8c937c1c8370e4b5ed33adb3db69cbdb7a38e1e50b1b82fa",
+    "gasLimit": "0x1388",
+    "difficulty": "0x400000000",
+    "mixHash": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
+    "coinbase": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
+    "number": "0x0",
+    "gasUsed": "0x0",
+    "parentHash": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
+    "baseFeePerGas": null
+}"#;
+
+        let genesis = serde_json::from_str::<Genesis>(s).unwrap();
+        let chainspec = ChainSpec::from_genesis(genesis);
+        let activation = chainspec.hardforks.fork(EthereumHardfork::Paris);
+        assert_eq!(
+            activation,
+            ForkCondition::TTD {
+                activation_block_number: MAINNET_PARIS_BLOCK,
+                total_difficulty: MAINNET_PARIS_TTD,
+                fork_block: None,
+            }
+        )
+    }
 }
--- a/crates/cli/cli/src/chainspec.rs
+++ b/crates/cli/cli/src/chainspec.rs
@@ -39,6 +39,11 @@ pub trait ChainSpecParser: Clone + Send + Sync + 'static {
    /// List of supported chains.
    const SUPPORTED_CHAINS: &'static [&'static str];

+    /// The default value for the chain spec parser.
+    fn default_value() -> Option<&'static str> {
+        Self::SUPPORTED_CHAINS.first().copied()
+    }
+
    /// Parses the given string into a chain spec.
    ///
    /// # Arguments
--- a/crates/cli/cli/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/cli/cli/src/lib.rs
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
    issue_tracker_base_url = "https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/issues/"
 )]
 #![cfg_attr(not(test), warn(unused_crate_dependencies))]
-#![cfg_attr(docsrs, feature(doc_cfg, doc_auto_cfg))]
+#![cfg_attr(docsrs, feature(doc_cfg))]

 use clap::{Error, Parser};
 use reth_cli_runner::CliRunner;
--- a/crates/cli/commands/Cargo.toml
+++ b/crates/cli/commands/Cargo.toml
@@ -21,9 +21,10 @@ reth-consensus.workspace = true
 reth-db = { workspace = true, features = ["mdbx"] }
 reth-db-api.workspace = true
 reth-db-common.workspace = true
-reth-downloaders.workspace = true
+reth-downloaders = { workspace = true, features = ["file-client"] }
 reth-ecies.workspace = true
 reth-eth-wire.workspace = true
+reth-era.workspace = true
 reth-era-downloader.workspace = true
 reth-era-utils.workspace = true
 reth-etl.workspace = true
@@ -43,13 +44,14 @@ reth-ethereum-primitives = { workspace = true, optional = true }
 reth-provider.workspace = true
 reth-prune.workspace = true
 reth-prune-types = { workspace = true, optional = true }
+reth-revm.workspace = true
 reth-stages.workspace = true
 reth-stages-types = { workspace = true, optional = true }
 reth-static-file-types = { workspace = true, features = ["clap"] }
 reth-static-file.workspace = true
 reth-trie = { workspace = true, features = ["metrics"] }
 reth-trie-db = { workspace = true, features = ["metrics"] }
-reth-trie-common = { workspace = true, optional = true }
+reth-trie-common.workspace = true
 reth-primitives-traits.workspace = true
 reth-discv4.workspace = true
 reth-discv5.workspace = true
@@ -66,11 +68,12 @@ futures.workspace = true
 tokio.workspace = true

 # misc
-ahash.workspace = true
+humantime.workspace = true
 human_bytes.workspace = true
 eyre.workspace = true
 clap = { workspace = true, features = ["derive", "env"] }
 lz4.workspace = true
+zstd.workspace = true
 serde.workspace = true
 serde_json.workspace = true
 tar.workspace = true
@@ -96,6 +99,8 @@ proptest-arbitrary-interop = { workspace = true, optional = true }

 [dev-dependencies]
 reth-ethereum-cli.workspace = true
+reth-provider = { workspace = true, features = ["test-utils"] }
+tempfile.workspace = true

 [features]
 default = []
@@ -117,7 +122,7 @@ arbitrary = [
    "reth-codecs/arbitrary",
    "reth-prune-types?/arbitrary",
    "reth-stages-types?/arbitrary",
-    "reth-trie-common?/arbitrary",
+    "reth-trie-common/arbitrary",
    "alloy-consensus/arbitrary",
    "reth-primitives-traits/arbitrary",
    "reth-ethereum-primitives/arbitrary",
--- a/crates/cli/commands/src/common.rs
+++ b/crates/cli/commands/src/common.rs
@@ -5,11 +5,13 @@ use clap::Parser;
 use reth_chainspec::EthChainSpec;
 use reth_cli::chainspec::ChainSpecParser;
 use reth_config::{config::EtlConfig, Config};
-use reth_consensus::{noop::NoopConsensus, ConsensusError, FullConsensus};
+use reth_consensus::noop::NoopConsensus;
 use reth_db::{init_db, open_db_read_only, DatabaseEnv};
 use reth_db_common::init::init_genesis;
 use reth_downloaders::{bodies::noop::NoopBodiesDownloader, headers::noop::NoopHeaderDownloader};
+use reth_eth_wire::NetPrimitivesFor;
 use reth_evm::{noop::NoopEvmConfig, ConfigureEvm};
+use reth_network::NetworkEventListenerProvider;
 use reth_node_api::FullNodeTypesAdapter;
 use reth_node_builder::{
    Node, NodeComponents, NodeComponentsBuilder, NodeTypes, NodeTypesWithDBAdapter,
@@ -46,7 +48,7 @@ pub struct EnvironmentArgs<C: ChainSpecParser> {
        long,
        value_name = "CHAIN_OR_PATH",
        long_help = C::help_message(),
-        default_value = C::SUPPORTED_CHAINS[0],
+        default_value = C::default_value(),
        value_parser = C::parser(),
        global = true
    )]
@@ -124,9 +126,8 @@ impl<C: ChainSpecParser> EnvironmentArgs<C> {
    where
        C: ChainSpecParser<ChainSpec = N::ChainSpec>,
    {
-        let has_receipt_pruning = config.prune.as_ref().is_some_and(|a| a.has_receipts_pruning());
-        let prune_modes =
-            config.prune.as_ref().map(|prune| prune.segments.clone()).unwrap_or_default();
+        let has_receipt_pruning = config.prune.has_receipts_pruning();
+        let prune_modes = config.prune.segments.clone();
        let factory = ProviderFactory::<NodeTypesWithDBAdapter<N, Arc<DatabaseEnv>>>::new(
            db,
            self.chain.clone(),
@@ -214,10 +215,22 @@ type FullTypesAdapter<T> = FullNodeTypesAdapter<
    BlockchainProvider<NodeTypesWithDBAdapter<T, Arc<DatabaseEnv>>>,
 >;

+/// Trait for block headers that can be modified through CLI operations.
+pub trait CliHeader {
+    fn set_number(&mut self, number: u64);
+}
+
+impl CliHeader for alloy_consensus::Header {
+    fn set_number(&mut self, number: u64) {
+        self.number = number;
+    }
+}
+
 /// Helper trait with a common set of requirements for the
 /// [`NodeTypes`] in CLI.
-pub trait CliNodeTypes: NodeTypesForProvider {
+pub trait CliNodeTypes: Node<FullTypesAdapter<Self>> + NodeTypesForProvider {
    type Evm: ConfigureEvm<Primitives = Self::Primitives>;
+    type NetworkPrimitives: NetPrimitivesFor<Self::Primitives>;
 }

 impl<N> CliNodeTypes for N
@@ -225,34 +238,47 @@ where
    N: Node<FullTypesAdapter<Self>> + NodeTypesForProvider,
 {
    type Evm = <<N::ComponentsBuilder as NodeComponentsBuilder<FullTypesAdapter<Self>>>::Components as NodeComponents<FullTypesAdapter<Self>>>::Evm;
+    type NetworkPrimitives = <<<N::ComponentsBuilder as NodeComponentsBuilder<FullTypesAdapter<Self>>>::Components as NodeComponents<FullTypesAdapter<Self>>>::Network as NetworkEventListenerProvider>::Primitives;
 }

+type EvmFor<N> = <<<N as Node<FullTypesAdapter<N>>>::ComponentsBuilder as NodeComponentsBuilder<
+    FullTypesAdapter<N>,
+>>::Components as NodeComponents<FullTypesAdapter<N>>>::Evm;
+
+type ConsensusFor<N> =
+    <<<N as Node<FullTypesAdapter<N>>>::ComponentsBuilder as NodeComponentsBuilder<
+        FullTypesAdapter<N>,
+    >>::Components as NodeComponents<FullTypesAdapter<N>>>::Consensus;
+
 /// Helper trait aggregating components required for the CLI.
-pub trait CliNodeComponents<N: CliNodeTypes> {
-    /// Evm to use.
-    type Evm: ConfigureEvm<Primitives = N::Primitives> + 'static;
-    /// Consensus implementation.
-    type Consensus: FullConsensus<N::Primitives, Error = ConsensusError> + Clone + 'static;
-
+pub trait CliNodeComponents<N: CliNodeTypes>: Send + Sync + 'static {
    /// Returns the configured EVM.
-    fn evm_config(&self) -> &Self::Evm;
+    fn evm_config(&self) -> &EvmFor<N>;
    /// Returns the consensus implementation.
-    fn consensus(&self) -> &Self::Consensus;
+    fn consensus(&self) -> &ConsensusFor<N>;
 }

-impl<N: CliNodeTypes, E, C> CliNodeComponents<N> for (E, C)
-where
-    E: ConfigureEvm<Primitives = N::Primitives> + 'static,
-    C: FullConsensus<N::Primitives, Error = ConsensusError> + Clone + 'static,
-{
-    type Evm = E;
-    type Consensus = C;
-
-    fn evm_config(&self) -> &Self::Evm {
+impl<N: CliNodeTypes> CliNodeComponents<N> for (EvmFor<N>, ConsensusFor<N>) {
+    fn evm_config(&self) -> &EvmFor<N> {
        &self.0
    }

-    fn consensus(&self) -> &Self::Consensus {
+    fn consensus(&self) -> &ConsensusFor<N> {
        &self.1
    }
 }
+
+/// Helper trait alias for an [`FnOnce`] producing [`CliNodeComponents`].
+pub trait CliComponentsBuilder<N: CliNodeTypes>:
+    FnOnce(Arc<N::ChainSpec>) -> Self::Components + Send + Sync + 'static
+{
+    type Components: CliNodeComponents<N>;
+}
+
+impl<N: CliNodeTypes, F, Comp> CliComponentsBuilder<N> for F
+where
+    F: FnOnce(Arc<N::ChainSpec>) -> Comp + Send + Sync + 'static,
+    Comp: CliNodeComponents<N>,
+{
+    type Components = Comp;
+}
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More