make the version correct

2026-01-12 15:38:18 -05:00 · 2023-06-30 18:59:07 +08:00 · 2023-06-30 18:57:06 +08:00 · 2023-06-28 20:00:30 +08:00
177 changed files with 2332272 additions and 17578 deletions
--- a/.github/pull_request_template.md
+++ b/.github/pull_request_template.md
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-### Purpose or design rationale of this PR
+## 1. Purpose or design rationale of this PR

-*Describe your change. Make sure to answer these three questions: What does this PR do? Why does it do it? How does it do it?*
+...


-### PR title
+## 2. PR title

 Your PR title must follow [conventional commits](https://www.conventionalcommits.org/en/v1.0.0/#summary) (as we are doing squash merge for each PR), so it must start with one of the following [types](https://github.com/angular/angular/blob/22b96b9/CONTRIBUTING.md#type):

@@ -18,17 +18,17 @@ Your PR title must follow [conventional commits](https://www.conventionalcommits
 - [ ] test: Adding missing tests or correcting existing tests


-### Deployment tag versioning
+## 3. Deployment tag versioning

 Has `tag` in `common/version.go` been updated?

- [ ] No, this PR doesn't involve a new deployment, git tag, docker image tag
+- [ ] This PR doesn't involve a new deployment, git tag, docker image tag
 - [ ] Yes


-### Breaking change label
+## 4. Breaking change label

 Does this PR have the `breaking-change` label?

- [ ] No, this PR is not a breaking change
+- [ ] This PR is not a breaking change
 - [ ] Yes
--- a/.github/workflows/bridge.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/bridge.yml
@@ -9,8 +9,6 @@ on:
      - alpha
    paths:
      - 'bridge/**'
-      - 'common/**'
-      - 'database/**'
      - '.github/workflows/bridge.yml'
  pull_request:
    types:
@@ -20,61 +18,14 @@ on:
      - ready_for_review
    paths:
      - 'bridge/**'
-      - 'common/**'
-      - 'database/**'
      - '.github/workflows/bridge.yml'

+defaults:
+  run:
+    working-directory: 'bridge'
+
 jobs:
  check:
-    if: github.event.pull_request.draft == false
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-    - name: Install Go
-      uses: actions/setup-go@v2
-      with:
-        go-version: 1.19.x
-    - name: Checkout code
-      uses: actions/checkout@v2
-    - name: Install Solc
-      uses: supplypike/setup-bin@v3
-      with:
-        uri: 'https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/releases/download/v0.8.16/solc-static-linux'
-        name: 'solc'
-        version: '0.8.16'
-    - name: Install Geth Tools
-      uses: gacts/install-geth-tools@v1
-    - name: Lint
-      working-directory: 'bridge'
-      run: |
-        rm -rf $HOME/.cache/golangci-lint
-        make mock_abi
-        make lint
-  goimports-lint:
-    if: github.event.pull_request.draft == false
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-    - name: Install Go
-      uses: actions/setup-go@v2
-      with:
-        go-version: 1.19.x
-    - name: Checkout code
-      uses: actions/checkout@v2
-    - name: Install goimports
-      run: go install golang.org/x/tools/cmd/goimports
-    - name: Run goimports lint
-      run: goimports -local scroll-tech/bridge/ -w .
-      working-directory: 'bridge'
-    - name: Run go mod tidy
-      run: go mod tidy
-      working-directory: 'bridge'
-    # If there are any diffs from goimports or go mod tidy, fail.
-    - name: Verify no changes from goimports and go mod tidy
-      working-directory: 'bridge'
-      run: |
-        if [ -n "$(git status --porcelain)" ]; then
-          exit 1
-        fi
-  tests:
    if: github.event.pull_request.draft == false
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
@@ -92,24 +43,31 @@ jobs:
        version: '0.8.16'
    - name: Install Geth Tools
      uses: gacts/install-geth-tools@v1
-    - name: Build prerequisites
+    - name: Lint
      run: |
-        make dev_docker
-        make -C bridge mock_abi
-    - name: Build bridge binaries
-      working-directory: 'bridge'
-      run: |
-        make bridge_bins
-    - name: Test bridge packages
-      working-directory: 'bridge'
-      run: |
-        go test -v -race -gcflags="-l" -ldflags="-s=false" -coverprofile=coverage.txt -covermode=atomic ./...
-    - name: Upload coverage reports to Codecov
-      uses: codecov/codecov-action@v3
-      env:
-        CODECOV_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
+        rm -rf $HOME/.cache/golangci-lint
+        make mock_abi
+        make lint
+  goimports-lint:
+    if: github.event.pull_request.draft == false
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - name: Install Go
+      uses: actions/setup-go@v2
      with:
-        flags: bridge
+        go-version: 1.18.x
+    - name: Checkout code
+      uses: actions/checkout@v2
+    - name: Install goimports
+      run: go install golang.org/x/tools/cmd/goimports
+    - run: goimports -local scroll-tech/bridge/ -w .
+    - run: go mod tidy
+    # If there are any diffs from goimports or go mod tidy, fail.
+    - name: Verify no changes from goimports and go mod tidy
+      run: |
+        if [ -n "$(git status --porcelain)" ]; then
+          exit 1
+        fi
  # docker-build:
  #   if: github.event.pull_request.draft == false
  #   runs-on: ubuntu-latest
--- a/.github/workflows/bridge_history_api.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/bridge_history_api.yml
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-name: BridgeHistoryAPI
+name: BridgeHistoryApi

 on:
  push:
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ jobs:
  #   - name: Install Go
  #     uses: actions/setup-go@v2
  #     with:
-  #       go-version: 1.19.x
+  #       go-version: 1.20.x
  #   - name: Checkout code
  #     uses: actions/checkout@v2
  #   - name: Lint
@@ -46,19 +46,13 @@ jobs:
    - name: Install Go
      uses: actions/setup-go@v2
      with:
-        go-version: 1.19.x
+        go-version: 1.20.x
    - name: Checkout code
      uses: actions/checkout@v2
    - name: Test
      run: |
        go get ./...
        make test
-    - name: Upload coverage reports to Codecov
-      uses: codecov/codecov-action@v3
-      env:
-        CODECOV_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
-      with:
-        flags: bridge-history-api
  goimports-lint:
    if: github.event.pull_request.draft == false
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
@@ -66,7 +60,7 @@ jobs:
    - name: Install Go
      uses: actions/setup-go@v2
      with:
-        go-version: 1.19.x
+        go-version: 1.20.x
    - name: Checkout code
      uses: actions/checkout@v2
    - name: Install goimports
@@ -79,3 +73,4 @@ jobs:
        if [ -n "$(git status --porcelain)" ]; then
          exit 1
        fi
+
--- a/.github/workflows/common.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/common.yml
@@ -20,6 +20,10 @@ on:
      - 'common/**'
      - '.github/workflows/common.yml'

+defaults:
+  run:
+    working-directory: 'common'
+
 jobs:
  check:
    if: github.event.pull_request.draft == false
@@ -33,7 +37,7 @@ jobs:
    - name: Install Go
      uses: actions/setup-go@v2
      with:
-        go-version: 1.19.x
+        go-version: 1.18.x
    - name: Checkout code
      uses: actions/checkout@v2
    - name: Cache cargo
@@ -41,7 +45,6 @@ jobs:
      with:
        workspaces: "common/libzkp/impl -> target"
    - name: Lint
-      working-directory: 'common'
      run: |
        rm -rf $HOME/.cache/golangci-lint
        make lint
@@ -52,52 +55,16 @@ jobs:
    - name: Install Go
      uses: actions/setup-go@v2
      with:
-        go-version: 1.19.x
+        go-version: 1.18.x
    - name: Checkout code
      uses: actions/checkout@v2
    - name: Install goimports
      run: go install golang.org/x/tools/cmd/goimports
-    - name: Run goimports lint
-      working-directory: 'common'
-      run: goimports -local scroll-tech/common/ -w .
-    - name: Run go mod tidy
-      working-directory: 'common'
-      run: go mod tidy
+    - run: goimports -local scroll-tech/common/ -w .
+    - run: go mod tidy
    # If there are any diffs from goimports or go mod tidy, fail.
    - name: Verify no changes from goimports and go mod tidy
-      working-directory: 'common'
      run: |
        if [ -n "$(git status --porcelain)" ]; then
          exit 1
        fi
-  tests:
-    if: github.event.pull_request.draft == false
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-    - name: Install Go
-      uses: actions/setup-go@v2
-      with:
-        go-version: 1.18.x
-    - name: Checkout code
-      uses: actions/checkout@v2
-    - name: Install Solc
-      uses: supplypike/setup-bin@v3
-      with:
-        uri: 'https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/releases/download/v0.8.16/solc-static-linux'
-        name: 'solc'
-        version: '0.8.16'
-    - name: Install Geth Tools
-      uses: gacts/install-geth-tools@v1
-    - name: Build prerequisites
-      run: |
-        make dev_docker
-    - name: Test common packages
-      working-directory: 'common'
-      run: |
-        go test -v -race -gcflags="-l" -ldflags="-s=false" -coverprofile=coverage.txt -covermode=atomic ./...
-    - name: Upload coverage reports to Codecov
-      uses: codecov/codecov-action@v3
-      env:
-        CODECOV_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
-      with:
-        flags: common
--- a/.github/workflows/coordinator.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/coordinator.yml
@@ -9,8 +9,6 @@ on:
      - alpha
    paths:
      - 'coordinator/**'
-      - 'common/**'
-      - 'database/**'
      - '.github/workflows/coordinator.yml'
  pull_request:
    types:
@@ -20,10 +18,12 @@ on:
      - ready_for_review
    paths:
      - 'coordinator/**'
-      - 'common/**'
-      - 'database/**'
      - '.github/workflows/coordinator.yml'

+defaults:
+  run:
+    working-directory: 'coordinator'
+
 jobs:
  check:
    if: github.event.pull_request.draft == false
@@ -37,11 +37,10 @@ jobs:
    - name: Install Go
      uses: actions/setup-go@v2
      with:
-        go-version: 1.19.x
+        go-version: 1.18.x
    - name: Checkout code
      uses: actions/checkout@v2
    - name: Lint
-      working-directory: 'coordinator'
      run: |
        rm -rf $HOME/.cache/golangci-lint
        make lint
@@ -52,20 +51,15 @@ jobs:
    - name: Install Go
      uses: actions/setup-go@v2
      with:
-        go-version: 1.19.x
+        go-version: 1.18.x
    - name: Checkout code
      uses: actions/checkout@v2
    - name: Install goimports
      run: go install golang.org/x/tools/cmd/goimports
-    - name: Run goimports lint
-      working-directory: 'coordinator'
-      run: goimports -local scroll-tech/coordinator/ -w .
-    - name: Run go mod tidy
-      working-directory: 'coordinator'
-      run: go mod tidy
+    - run: goimports -local scroll-tech/coordinator/ -w .
+    - run: go mod tidy
    # If there are any diffs from goimports or go mod tidy, fail.
    - name: Verify no changes from goimports and go mod tidy
-      working-directory: 'coordinator'
      run: |
        if [ -n "$(git status --porcelain)" ]; then
          exit 1
@@ -86,35 +80,3 @@ jobs:
  #       push: false
  #       # cache-from: type=gha,scope=${{ github.workflow }}
  #       # cache-to: type=gha,scope=${{ github.workflow }}
-  tests:
-    if: github.event.pull_request.draft == false
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-    - name: Install Go
-      uses: actions/setup-go@v2
-      with:
-        go-version: 1.18.x
-    - name: Checkout code
-      uses: actions/checkout@v2
-    - name: Install Solc
-      uses: supplypike/setup-bin@v3
-      with:
-        uri: 'https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/releases/download/v0.8.16/solc-static-linux'
-        name: 'solc'
-        version: '0.8.16'
-    - name: Install Geth Tools
-      uses: gacts/install-geth-tools@v1
-    - name: Build prerequisites
-      run: |
-        make dev_docker
-    - name: Test coordinator packages
-      working-directory: 'coordinator'
-      run: |
-        # go test -exec "env LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${PWD}/verifier/lib" -v -race -gcflags="-l" -ldflags="-s=false" -coverpkg="scroll-tech/coordinator" -coverprofile=coverage.txt -covermode=atomic ./...
-        go test -v -race -gcflags="-l" -ldflags="-s=false" -coverprofile=coverage.txt -covermode=atomic -tags mock_verifier ./...
-    - name: Upload coverage reports to Codecov
-      uses: codecov/codecov-action@v3
-      env:
-        CODECOV_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
-      with:
-        flags: coordinator
--- a/.github/workflows/database.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/database.yml
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ on:
      - alpha
    paths:
      - 'database/**'
-      - 'common/**'
      - '.github/workflows/database.yml'
  pull_request:
    types:
@@ -19,9 +18,12 @@ on:
      - ready_for_review
    paths:
      - 'database/**'
-      - 'common/**'
      - '.github/workflows/database.yml'

+defaults:
+  run:
+    working-directory: 'database'
+
 jobs:
  check:
    if: github.event.pull_request.draft == false
@@ -30,11 +32,10 @@ jobs:
    - name: Install Go
      uses: actions/setup-go@v2
      with:
-        go-version: 1.19.x
+        go-version: 1.18.x
    - name: Checkout code
      uses: actions/checkout@v2
    - name: Lint
-      working-directory: 'database'
      run: |
        rm -rf $HOME/.cache/golangci-lint
        make lint
@@ -45,52 +46,16 @@ jobs:
    - name: Install Go
      uses: actions/setup-go@v2
      with:
-        go-version: 1.19.x
+        go-version: 1.18.x
    - name: Checkout code
      uses: actions/checkout@v2
    - name: Install goimports
      run: go install golang.org/x/tools/cmd/goimports
-    - name: Run goimports lint
-      working-directory: 'database'
-      run: goimports -local scroll-tech/database/ -w .
-    - name: Run go mod tidy
-      working-directory: 'database'
-      run: go mod tidy
+    - run: goimports -local scroll-tech/database/ -w .
+    - run: go mod tidy
    # If there are any diffs from goimports or go mod tidy, fail.
    - name: Verify no changes from goimports and go mod tidy
-      working-directory: 'database'
      run: |
        if [ -n "$(git status --porcelain)" ]; then
          exit 1
        fi
-  tests:
-    if: github.event.pull_request.draft == false
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-    - name: Install Go
-      uses: actions/setup-go@v2
-      with:
-        go-version: 1.18.x
-    - name: Checkout code
-      uses: actions/checkout@v2
-    - name: Install Solc
-      uses: supplypike/setup-bin@v3
-      with:
-        uri: 'https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/releases/download/v0.8.16/solc-static-linux'
-        name: 'solc'
-        version: '0.8.16'
-    - name: Install Geth Tools
-      uses: gacts/install-geth-tools@v1
-    - name: Build prerequisites
-      run: |
-        make dev_docker
-    - name: Test database packages
-      working-directory: 'database'
-      run: |
-        go test -v -race -gcflags="-l" -ldflags="-s=false" -coverprofile=coverage.txt -covermode=atomic ./...
-    - name: Upload coverage reports to Codecov
-      uses: codecov/codecov-action@v3
-      env:
-        CODECOV_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
-      with:
-        flags: database
--- a/.github/workflows/integration.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/integration.yaml
@@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
-name: Integration
-
-on:
-  push:
-    branches:
-      - main
-      - staging
-      - develop
-      - alpha
-  pull_request:
-    types:
-      - opened
-      - reopened
-      - synchronize
-      - ready_for_review
-
-jobs:
-  tests:
-    if: github.event.pull_request.draft == false
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-    - name: Install Go
-      uses: actions/setup-go@v2
-      with:
-        go-version: 1.18.x
-    - name: Checkout code
-      uses: actions/checkout@v2
-    - name: Install Solc
-      uses: supplypike/setup-bin@v3
-      with:
-        uri: 'https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/releases/download/v0.8.16/solc-static-linux'
-        name: 'solc'
-        version: '0.8.16'
-    - name: Install Geth Tools
-      uses: gacts/install-geth-tools@v1
-    - name: Build prerequisites
-      run: |
-        make dev_docker
-        make -C bridge mock_abi
-        make -C common/bytecode all
-    - name: Run integration tests
-      run: |
-        go test -v -tags="mock_prover mock_verifier" -p 1 -coverprofile=coverage.txt scroll-tech/integration-test/...
--- a/.github/workflows/intermediate-docker.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/intermediate-docker.yml
@@ -1,59 +0,0 @@
-name: Intermediate Docker
-
-on:
-  workflow_dispatch:
-    inputs:
-      GO_VERSION:
-        description: 'Go version'
-        required: true
-        type: string
-        default: '1.19'
-      RUST_VERSION:
-        description: 'Rust toolchain version'
-        required: true
-        type: string
-        default: 'nightly-2022-12-10'
-      PYTHON_VERSION:
-        description: 'Python version'
-        required: false
-        type: string
-        default: '3.10'
-      CUDA_VERSION:
-        description: 'Cuda version'
-        required: false
-        type: string
-        default: '11.7.1'
-
-defaults:
-  run:
-    working-directory: 'build/dockerfiles/intermediate'
-
-jobs:
-  build-and-push:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-    - name: Checkout code
-      uses: actions/checkout@v2
-    - name: Set up Docker Buildx
-      uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v2
-    - name: Login to Docker Hub
-      uses: docker/login-action@v2
-      with:
-        username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
-        password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
-    - name: Build
-      run: |
-        make all
-      env:
-        GO_VERSION: ${{ inputs.GO_VERSION }}
-        RUST_VERSION: ${{ inputs.RUST_VERSION }}
-        PYTHON_VERSION: ${{ inputs.PYTHON_VERSION }}
-        CUDA_VERSION: ${{ inputs.CUDA_VERSION }}
-    - name: Publish
-      run: |
-        make publish
-      env:
-        GO_VERSION: ${{ inputs.GO_VERSION }}
-        RUST_VERSION: ${{ inputs.RUST_VERSION }}
-        PYTHON_VERSION: ${{ inputs.PYTHON_VERSION }}
-        CUDA_VERSION: ${{ inputs.CUDA_VERSION }}
--- a/.github/workflows/roller.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/roller.yml
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ jobs:
    - name: Install Go
      uses: actions/setup-go@v2
      with:
-        go-version: 1.19.x
+        go-version: 1.18.x
    - name: Checkout code
      uses: actions/checkout@v2
    - name: Cache cargo
@@ -47,13 +47,7 @@ jobs:
    - name: Test
      run: |
        make roller
-        go test -tags="mock_prover" -v -coverprofile=coverage.txt ./...
-    - name: Upload coverage reports to Codecov
-      uses: codecov/codecov-action@v3
-      env:
-        CODECOV_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
-      with:
-        flags: roller
+        go test -tags="mock_prover" -v ./...
  check:
    if: github.event.pull_request.draft == false
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
@@ -61,7 +55,7 @@ jobs:
    - name: Install Go
      uses: actions/setup-go@v2
      with:
-        go-version: 1.19.x
+        go-version: 1.18.x
    - name: Checkout code
      uses: actions/checkout@v2
    - name: Lint
@@ -75,7 +69,7 @@ jobs:
    - name: Install Go
      uses: actions/setup-go@v2
      with:
-        go-version: 1.19.x
+        go-version: 1.18.x
    - name: Checkout code
      uses: actions/checkout@v2
    - name: Install goimports
--- a/99
+++ b/99
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+imagePrefix = 'scrolltech'
+credentialDocker = 'dockerhub'
+
+pipeline {
+    agent any
+    options {
+        timeout (20)
+    }
+    tools {
+        go 'go-1.18'
+        nodejs "nodejs"
+    }
+    environment {
+        GO111MODULE = 'on'
+        PATH="/home/ubuntu/.cargo/bin:$PATH"
+        LD_LIBRARY_PATH="$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:./coordinator/verifier/lib"
+        CHAIN_ID='534353'
+        // LOG_DOCKER = 'true'
+    }
+    stages {
+        stage('Build') {
+            parallel {
+                stage('Build Prerequisite') {
+                    steps {
+                        sh 'make dev_docker'
+                        sh 'make -C bridge mock_abi'
+                        sh 'make -C common/bytecode all'
+                    }
+                }
+                stage('Check Bridge Compilation') {
+                    steps {
+                        sh 'make -C bridge bridge_bins'
+                    }
+                }
+                stage('Check Coordinator Compilation') {
+                    steps {
+                        sh 'export PATH=/home/ubuntu/go/bin:$PATH'
+                        sh 'make -C coordinator coordinator'
+                    }
+                }
+                stage('Check Database Compilation') {
+                    steps {
+                        sh 'make -C database db_cli'
+                    }
+                }
+                stage('Check Database Docker Build') {
+                    steps {
+                        sh 'make -C database docker'
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        stage('Parallel Test') {
+            parallel{
+                stage('Race test common package') {
+                    steps {
+                        sh 'go test -v -race -coverprofile=coverage.common.txt -covermode=atomic scroll-tech/common/...'
+                    }
+                }
+                stage('Race test bridge package') {
+                    steps {
+                        sh "cd ./bridge && ../build/run_tests.sh bridge"
+                    }
+                }
+                stage('Race test coordinator package') {
+                    steps {
+                        sh 'cd ./coordinator && go test -exec "env LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${PWD}/verifier/lib" -v -race -gcflags="-l" -ldflags="-s=false" -coverpkg="scroll-tech/coordinator" -coverprofile=../coverage.coordinator.txt -covermode=atomic ./...'
+                    }
+                }
+                stage('Race test database package') {
+                    steps {
+                        sh 'go test -v -race -coverprofile=coverage.db.txt -covermode=atomic scroll-tech/database/...'
+                    }
+                }
+                stage('Integration test') {
+                    steps {
+                        sh 'go test -v -tags="mock_prover mock_verifier" -p 1 scroll-tech/integration-test/...'
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        stage('Compare Coverage') {
+            steps {
+                sh "./build/post-test-report-coverage.sh"
+                script {
+                    currentBuild.result = 'SUCCESS'
+                }
+                step([$class: 'CompareCoverageAction', publishResultAs: 'Comment', scmVars: [GIT_URL: env.GIT_URL]])
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    post {
+        always {
+            publishCoverage adapters: [coberturaReportAdapter(path: 'cobertura.xml', thresholds: [[thresholdTarget: 'Aggregated Report', unhealthyThreshold: 40.0]])], checksName: '', sourceFileResolver: sourceFiles('NEVER_STORE') 
+            cleanWs() 
+            slackSend(message: "${JOB_BASE_NAME} ${GIT_COMMIT} #${BUILD_NUMBER} deploy ${currentBuild.result}")
+        }
+    }
+}
--- a/23
+++ b/23
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 .PHONY: check update dev_docker build_test_docker run_test_docker clean

+ZKP_VERSION=release-1220
+
 help: ## Display this help message
 	@grep -h \
 		-E '^[a-zA-Z_-]+:.*?## .*$$' $(MAKEFILE_LIST) | \
@@ -15,12 +17,12 @@ lint: ## The code's format and security checks.

 update: ## update dependencies
 	go work sync
-	cd $(PWD)/bridge/ && go get -u github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum@scroll-v4.1.0 && go mod tidy
+	cd $(PWD)/bridge/ && go get -u github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum@scroll-v3.1.12 && go mod tidy
 	cd $(PWD)/bridge-history-api/ && go get -u github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum@latest && go mod tidy
-	cd $(PWD)/common/ && go get -u github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum@scroll-v4.1.0 && go mod tidy
-	cd $(PWD)/coordinator/ && go get -u github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum@scroll-v4.1.0 && go mod tidy
-	cd $(PWD)/database/ && go get -u github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum@scroll-v4.1.0 && go mod tidy
-	cd $(PWD)/roller/ && go get -u github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum@scroll-v4.1.0 && go mod tidy
+	cd $(PWD)/common/ && go get -u github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum@scroll-v3.1.12 && go mod tidy
+	cd $(PWD)/coordinator/ && go get -u github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum@scroll-v3.1.12 && go mod tidy
+	cd $(PWD)/database/ && go get -u github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum@scroll-v3.1.12 && go mod tidy
+	cd $(PWD)/roller/ && go get -u github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum@scroll-v3.1.12 && go mod tidy
 	goimports -local $(PWD)/bridge/ -w .
 	goimports -local $(PWD)/bridge-history-api/ -w .
 	goimports -local $(PWD)/common/ -w .
@@ -38,5 +40,16 @@ build_test_docker: ## build Docker image for local testing on M1/M2 Silicon Mac
 run_test_docker: ## run Docker image for local testing on M1/M2 Silicon Mac
 	docker run -it --rm --name scroll_test_container --network=host -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock -v $(PWD):/go/src/app scroll_test_image

+
+test_zkp: ## Test zkp prove and verify, roller/prover generates the proof and coordinator/verifier verifies it
+	mkdir -p test_params
+	wget https://circuit-release.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/circuit-release/${ZKP_VERSION}/test_params/params19 -O ./test_params/params19
+	wget https://circuit-release.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/circuit-release/${ZKP_VERSION}/test_params/params26 -O ./test_params/params26
+	wget https://circuit-release.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/circuit-release/${ZKP_VERSION}/test_seed -O test_seed
+	rm -rf ./roller/assets/test_params && mv test_params ./roller/assets/ && mv test_seed ./roller/assets/
+	cd ./roller && make test-gpu-prover
+	rm -rf ./coordinator/assets/test_params && mv ./roller/assets/test_params ./coordinator/assets/ && mv ./roller/assets/agg_proof ./coordinator/assets/
+	cd ./coordinator && make test-gpu-verifier
+
 clean: ## Empty out the bin folder
 	@rm -rf build/bin
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 # Scroll Monorepo

-[![codecov](https://codecov.io/gh/scroll-tech/scroll/branch/develop/graph/badge.svg?token=VJVHNQWGGW)](https://codecov.io/gh/scroll-tech/scroll)
+[![Contracts](https://github.com/scroll-tech/scroll/actions/workflows/contracts.yaml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/scroll-tech/scroll/actions/workflows/contracts.yaml) [![Bridge](https://github.com/scroll-tech/scroll/actions/workflows/bridge.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/scroll-tech/scroll/actions/workflows/bridge.yml) [![Coordinator](https://github.com/scroll-tech/scroll/actions/workflows/coordinator.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/scroll-tech/scroll/actions/workflows/coordinator.yml) [![Database](https://github.com/scroll-tech/scroll/actions/workflows/database.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/scroll-tech/scroll/actions/workflows/database.yml) [![Common](https://github.com/scroll-tech/scroll/actions/workflows/common.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/scroll-tech/scroll/actions/workflows/common.yml) [![Roller](https://github.com/scroll-tech/scroll/actions/workflows/roller.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/scroll-tech/scroll/actions/workflows/roller.yml)

 ## Prerequisites
-+ Go 1.19
+ Go 1.18
 + Rust (for version, see [rust-toolchain](./common/libzkp/impl/rust-toolchain))
 + Hardhat / Foundry
 + Docker
--- a/assets/.gitkeep
+++ b/assets/.gitkeep
--- a/bridge/Makefile
+++ b/bridge/Makefile
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 .PHONY: lint docker clean bridge

 IMAGE_NAME=bridge
-IMAGE_VERSION=latest
+IMAGE_VERSION=v9.9
 REPO_ROOT_DIR=./..

 mock_abi:
-	cd .. && go run github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/cmd/abigen --sol ./bridge/mock_bridge/MockBridgeL1.sol --pkg mock_bridge --out ./bridge/mock_bridge/MockBridgeL1.go
-	cd .. && go run github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/cmd/abigen --sol ./bridge/mock_bridge/MockBridgeL2.sol --pkg mock_bridge --out ./bridge/mock_bridge/MockBridgeL2.go
+	go run github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/cmd/abigen --sol mock_bridge/MockBridgeL1.sol --pkg mock_bridge --out mock_bridge/MockBridgeL1.go
+	go run github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/cmd/abigen --sol mock_bridge/MockBridgeL2.sol --pkg mock_bridge --out mock_bridge/MockBridgeL2.go

 bridge_bins: ## Builds the Bridge bins.
 	go build -o $(PWD)/build/bin/event_watcher ./cmd/event_watcher/
--- a/bridge/abi/bridge_abi.go
+++ b/bridge/abi/bridge_abi.go
--- a/bridge/abi/bridge_abi_test.go
+++ b/bridge/abi/bridge_abi_test.go
@@ -16,9 +16,9 @@ func TestEventSignature(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(L1FailedRelayedMessageEventSignature, common.HexToHash("99d0e048484baa1b1540b1367cb128acd7ab2946d1ed91ec10e3c85e4bf51b8f"))

 	assert.Equal(L1CommitBatchEventSignature, common.HexToHash("2cdc615c74452778c0fb6184735e014c13aad2b62774fe0b09bd1dcc2cc14a62"))
-	assert.Equal(L1FinalizeBatchEventSignature, common.HexToHash("9d3058a3cb9739a2527f22dd9a4138065844037d3004254952e2458d808cc364"))
+	assert.Equal(L1FinalizeBatchEventSignature, common.HexToHash("6be443154c959a7a1645b4392b6fa97d8e8ab6e8fd853d7085e8867083737d79"))

-	assert.Equal(L1QueueTransactionEventSignature, common.HexToHash("69cfcb8e6d4192b8aba9902243912587f37e550d75c1fa801491fce26717f37e"))
+	assert.Equal(L1QueueTransactionEventSignature, common.HexToHash("bdcc7517f8fe3db6506dfd910942d0bbecaf3d6a506dadea65b0d988e75b9439"))

 	assert.Equal(L2SentMessageEventSignature, common.HexToHash("104371f3b442861a2a7b82a070afbbaab748bb13757bf47769e170e37809ec1e"))
 	assert.Equal(L2RelayedMessageEventSignature, common.HexToHash("4641df4a962071e12719d8c8c8e5ac7fc4d97b927346a3d7a335b1f7517e133c"))
@@ -35,10 +35,10 @@ func TestPackRelayL2MessageWithProof(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.NoError(err)

 	proof := IL1ScrollMessengerL2MessageProof{
-		BatchIndex:  big.NewInt(0),
-		MerkleProof: []byte{},
+		BatchHash:   common.Hash{},
+		MerkleProof: make([]byte, 0),
 	}
-	_, err = l1MessengerABI.Pack("relayMessageWithProof", common.Address{}, common.Address{}, big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), []byte{}, proof)
+	_, err = l1MessengerABI.Pack("relayMessageWithProof", common.Address{}, common.Address{}, big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), make([]byte, 0), proof)
 	assert.NoError(err)
 }

@@ -48,12 +48,27 @@ func TestPackCommitBatch(t *testing.T) {
 	scrollChainABI, err := ScrollChainMetaData.GetAbi()
 	assert.NoError(err)

-	version := uint8(1)
-	var parentBatchHeader []byte
-	var chunks [][]byte
-	var skippedL1MessageBitmap []byte
+	header := IScrollChainBlockContext{
+		BlockHash:       common.Hash{},
+		ParentHash:      common.Hash{},
+		BlockNumber:     0,
+		Timestamp:       0,
+		BaseFee:         big.NewInt(0),
+		GasLimit:        0,
+		NumTransactions: 0,
+		NumL1Messages:   0,
+	}

-	_, err = scrollChainABI.Pack("commitBatch", version, parentBatchHeader, chunks, skippedL1MessageBitmap)
+	batch := IScrollChainBatch{
+		Blocks:           []IScrollChainBlockContext{header},
+		PrevStateRoot:    common.Hash{},
+		NewStateRoot:     common.Hash{},
+		WithdrawTrieRoot: common.Hash{},
+		BatchIndex:       0,
+		L2Transactions:   make([]byte, 0),
+	}
+
+	_, err = scrollChainABI.Pack("commitBatch", batch)
 	assert.NoError(err)
 }

@@ -63,26 +78,14 @@ func TestPackFinalizeBatchWithProof(t *testing.T) {
 	l1RollupABI, err := ScrollChainMetaData.GetAbi()
 	assert.NoError(err)

-	batchHeader := []byte{}
-	prevStateRoot := common.Hash{}
-	postStateRoot := common.Hash{}
-	withdrawRoot := common.Hash{}
-	aggrProof := []byte{}
+	proof := make([]*big.Int, 10)
+	instance := make([]*big.Int, 10)
+	for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
+		proof[i] = big.NewInt(0)
+		instance[i] = big.NewInt(0)
+	}

-	_, err = l1RollupABI.Pack("finalizeBatchWithProof", batchHeader, prevStateRoot, postStateRoot, withdrawRoot, aggrProof)
-	assert.NoError(err)
-}
-
-func TestPackImportGenesisBatch(t *testing.T) {
-	assert := assert.New(t)
-
-	l1RollupABI, err := ScrollChainMetaData.GetAbi()
-	assert.NoError(err)
-
-	batchHeader := []byte{}
-	stateRoot := common.Hash{}
-
-	_, err = l1RollupABI.Pack("importGenesisBatch", batchHeader, stateRoot)
+	_, err = l1RollupABI.Pack("finalizeBatchWithProof", common.Hash{}, proof, instance)
 	assert.NoError(err)
 }

@@ -92,7 +95,7 @@ func TestPackRelayL1Message(t *testing.T) {
 	l2MessengerABI, err := L2ScrollMessengerMetaData.GetAbi()
 	assert.NoError(err)

-	_, err = l2MessengerABI.Pack("relayMessage", common.Address{}, common.Address{}, big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), []byte{})
+	_, err = l2MessengerABI.Pack("relayMessage", common.Address{}, common.Address{}, big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), make([]byte, 0))
 	assert.NoError(err)
 }

@@ -123,6 +126,6 @@ func TestPackImportBlock(t *testing.T) {

 	l1BlockContainerABI := L1BlockContainerABI

-	_, err := l1BlockContainerABI.Pack("importBlockHeader", common.Hash{}, []byte{}, false)
+	_, err := l1BlockContainerABI.Pack("importBlockHeader", common.Hash{}, make([]byte, 0), false)
 	assert.NoError(err)
 }
--- a/bridge/cmd/gas_oracle/app/app.go
+++ b/bridge/cmd/gas_oracle/app/app.go
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ func action(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 		log.Error("failed to create new l1 relayer", "config file", cfgFile, "error", err)
 		return err
 	}
-	l2relayer, err := relayer.NewLayer2Relayer(ctx.Context, l2client, db, cfg.L2Config.RelayerConfig, false /* initGenesis */)
+	l2relayer, err := relayer.NewLayer2Relayer(ctx.Context, l2client, db, cfg.L2Config.RelayerConfig)
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Error("failed to create new l2 relayer", "config file", cfgFile, "error", err)
 		return err
--- a/bridge/cmd/msg_relayer/app/app.go
+++ b/bridge/cmd/msg_relayer/app/app.go
@@ -62,6 +62,8 @@ func action(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 	// Start metrics server.
 	metrics.Serve(subCtx, ctx)

+	// Init l2geth connection
+
 	l1relayer, err := relayer.NewLayer1Relayer(ctx.Context, db, cfg.L1Config.RelayerConfig)
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Error("failed to create new l1 relayer", "config file", cfgFile, "error", err)
--- a/bridge/cmd/rollup_relayer/app/app.go
+++ b/bridge/cmd/rollup_relayer/app/app.go
@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@ func init() {
 	app.Usage = "The Scroll Rollup Relayer"
 	app.Version = version.Version
 	app.Flags = append(app.Flags, cutils.CommonFlags...)
-	app.Flags = append(app.Flags, cutils.RollupRelayerFlags...)
 	app.Commands = []*cli.Command{}
 	app.Before = func(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 		return cutils.LogSetup(ctx)
@@ -71,20 +70,13 @@ func action(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 		return err
 	}

-	initGenesis := ctx.Bool(cutils.ImportGenesisFlag.Name)
-	l2relayer, err := relayer.NewLayer2Relayer(ctx.Context, l2client, db, cfg.L2Config.RelayerConfig, initGenesis)
+	l2relayer, err := relayer.NewLayer2Relayer(ctx.Context, l2client, db, cfg.L2Config.RelayerConfig)
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Error("failed to create l2 relayer", "config file", cfgFile, "error", err)
 		return err
 	}

-	chunkProposer := watcher.NewChunkProposer(subCtx, cfg.L2Config.ChunkProposerConfig, db)
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Error("failed to create chunkProposer", "config file", cfgFile, "error", err)
-		return err
-	}
-
-	batchProposer := watcher.NewBatchProposer(subCtx, cfg.L2Config.BatchProposerConfig, db)
+	batchProposer := watcher.NewBatchProposer(subCtx, cfg.L2Config.BatchProposerConfig, l2relayer, db)
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Error("failed to create batchProposer", "config file", cfgFile, "error", err)
 		return err
@@ -99,14 +91,14 @@ func action(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 			log.Error("failed to get block number", "err", loopErr)
 			return
 		}
-		l2watcher.TryFetchRunningMissingBlocks(number)
+		l2watcher.TryFetchRunningMissingBlocks(ctx, number)
 	})

-	go cutils.Loop(subCtx, 2*time.Second, chunkProposer.TryProposeChunk)
-
-	go cutils.Loop(subCtx, 2*time.Second, batchProposer.TryProposeBatch)
-
-	go cutils.Loop(subCtx, 2*time.Second, l2relayer.ProcessPendingBatches)
+	// Batch proposer loop
+	go cutils.Loop(subCtx, 2*time.Second, func() {
+		batchProposer.TryProposeBatch()
+		batchProposer.TryCommitBatches()
+	})

 	go cutils.Loop(subCtx, 2*time.Second, l2relayer.ProcessCommittedBatches)

--- a/bridge/conf/config.json
+++ b/bridge/conf/config.json
@@ -72,20 +72,18 @@
        "1414141414141414141414141414141414141414141414141414141414141414"
      ]
    },
-    "chunk_proposer_config": {
-      "max_tx_gas_per_chunk": 1123456,
-      "max_l2_tx_num_per_chunk": 1123,
-      "max_l1_commit_gas_per_chunk": 11234567,
-      "max_l1_commit_calldata_size_per_chunk": 112345,
-      "min_l1_commit_calldata_size_per_chunk": 11234,
-      "chunk_timeout_sec": 300
-    },
    "batch_proposer_config": {
-      "max_chunk_num_per_batch": 112,
-      "max_l1_commit_gas_per_batch": 11234567,
-      "max_l1_commit_calldata_size_per_batch": 112345,
-      "min_chunk_num_per_batch": 11,
-      "batch_timeout_sec": 300
+      "proof_generation_freq": 1,
+      "batch_gas_threshold": 3000000,
+      "batch_tx_num_threshold": 44,
+      "batch_time_sec": 300,
+      "batch_commit_time_sec": 1200,
+      "batch_blocks_limit": 100,
+      "commit_tx_calldata_size_limit": 200000,
+      "public_input_config": {
+        "max_tx_num": 44,
+        "padding_tx_hash": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
+      }
    }
  },
  "db_config": {
--- a/bridge/go.mod
+++ b/bridge/go.mod
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 module scroll-tech/bridge

-go 1.19
+go 1.18

 require (
 	github.com/agiledragon/gomonkey/v2 v2.9.0
@@ -9,13 +9,14 @@ require (
 	github.com/orcaman/concurrent-map v1.0.0
 	github.com/orcaman/concurrent-map/v2 v2.0.1
 	github.com/pressly/goose/v3 v3.7.0
-	github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum v1.10.14-0.20230613025759-f055f50f9d56
+	github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum v1.10.14-0.20230508165858-27a3830afa61
 	github.com/smartystreets/goconvey v1.8.0
 	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.8.2
 	github.com/urfave/cli/v2 v2.17.2-0.20221006022127-8f469abc00aa
 	golang.org/x/sync v0.1.0
 	gorm.io/driver/postgres v1.5.0
 	gorm.io/gorm v1.25.1
+	modernc.org/mathutil v1.4.1
 )

 require (
@@ -47,6 +48,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.14 // indirect
 	github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3 v1.14.14 // indirect
 	github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/remyoudompheng/bigfft v0.0.0-20200410134404-eec4a21b6bb0 // indirect
 	github.com/rivo/uniseg v0.4.4 // indirect
 	github.com/rjeczalik/notify v0.9.1 // indirect
 	github.com/rogpeppe/go-internal v1.10.0 // indirect
@@ -60,9 +62,9 @@ require (
 	github.com/tyler-smith/go-bip39 v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/xrash/smetrics v0.0.0-20201216005158-039620a65673 // indirect
 	github.com/yusufpapurcu/wmi v1.2.2 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/crypto v0.10.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.9.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/text v0.10.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.9.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.8.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/text v0.9.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/time v0.3.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/tools v0.8.0 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/natefinch/npipe.v2 v2.0.0-20160621034901-c1b8fa8bdcce // indirect
--- a/bridge/go.sum
+++ b/bridge/go.sum
@@ -117,6 +117,7 @@ github.com/pressly/goose/v3 v3.7.0 h1:jblaZul15uCIEKHRu5KUdA+5wDA7E60JC0TOthdrtf
 github.com/pressly/goose/v3 v3.7.0/go.mod h1:N5gqPdIzdxf3BiPWdmoPreIwHStkxsvKWE5xjUvfYNk=
 github.com/prometheus/tsdb v0.7.1 h1:YZcsG11NqnK4czYLrWd9mpEuAJIHVQLwdrleYfszMAA=
 github.com/remyoudompheng/bigfft v0.0.0-20200410134404-eec4a21b6bb0 h1:OdAsTTz6OkFY5QxjkYwrChwuRruF69c169dPK26NUlk=
+github.com/remyoudompheng/bigfft v0.0.0-20200410134404-eec4a21b6bb0/go.mod h1:qqbHyh8v60DhA7CoWK5oRCqLrMHRGoxYCSS9EjAz6Eo=
 github.com/rivo/uniseg v0.2.0/go.mod h1:J6wj4VEh+S6ZtnVlnTBMWIodfgj8LQOQFoIToxlJtxc=
 github.com/rivo/uniseg v0.4.4 h1:8TfxU8dW6PdqD27gjM8MVNuicgxIjxpm4K7x4jp8sis=
 github.com/rivo/uniseg v0.4.4/go.mod h1:FN3SvrM+Zdj16jyLfmOkMNblXMcoc8DfTHruCPUcx88=
@@ -129,8 +130,8 @@ github.com/rogpeppe/go-internal v1.10.0/go.mod h1:UQnix2H7Ngw/k4C5ijL5+65zddjncj
 github.com/rs/cors v1.7.0 h1:+88SsELBHx5r+hZ8TCkggzSstaWNbDvThkVK8H6f9ik=
 github.com/russross/blackfriday/v2 v2.1.0 h1:JIOH55/0cWyOuilr9/qlrm0BSXldqnqwMsf35Ld67mk=
 github.com/russross/blackfriday/v2 v2.1.0/go.mod h1:+Rmxgy9KzJVeS9/2gXHxylqXiyQDYRxCVz55jmeOWTM=
-github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum v1.10.14-0.20230613025759-f055f50f9d56 h1:Cqj7haxwvzI2O4n9ZZ25helShzFGCy7Z/B+FFSBFHNI=
-github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum v1.10.14-0.20230613025759-f055f50f9d56/go.mod h1:45PZqlQCqV0dU4o4+SE8LoJLEvXkK5j45ligvbih9QY=
+github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum v1.10.14-0.20230508165858-27a3830afa61 h1:4fslVpNOPLeJPYX3tivrVWgqNvChPs7/y9OqWvQSNCw=
+github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum v1.10.14-0.20230508165858-27a3830afa61/go.mod h1:45PZqlQCqV0dU4o4+SE8LoJLEvXkK5j45ligvbih9QY=
 github.com/scroll-tech/zktrie v0.5.3 h1:jjzQchGU6XPL5s1C5bwwivSadefSRuYASE9OL7UKAdE=
 github.com/scroll-tech/zktrie v0.5.3/go.mod h1:XvNo7vAk8yxNyTjBDj5WIiFzYW4bx/gJ78+NK6Zn6Uk=
 github.com/shirou/gopsutil v3.21.11+incompatible h1:+1+c1VGhc88SSonWP6foOcLhvnKlUeu/erjjvaPEYiI=
@@ -172,8 +173,8 @@ golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20190308221718-c2843e01d9a2/go.mod h1:djNgcEr1/C05ACk
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20200622213623-75b288015ac9/go.mod h1:LzIPMQfyMNhhGPhUkYOs5KpL4U8rLKemX1yGLhDgUto=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20210921155107-089bfa567519/go.mod h1:GvvjBRRGRdwPK5ydBHafDWAxML/pGHZbMvKqRZ5+Abc=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.6.0/go.mod h1:OFC/31mSvZgRz0V1QTNCzfAI1aIRzbiufJtkMIlEp58=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.10.0 h1:LKqV2xt9+kDzSTfOhx4FrkEBcMrAgHSYgzywV9zcGmM=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.10.0/go.mod h1:o4eNf7Ede1fv+hwOwZsTHl9EsPFO6q6ZvYR8vYfY45I=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.9.0 h1:LF6fAI+IutBocDJ2OT0Q1g8plpYljMZ4+lty+dsqw3g=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.9.0/go.mod h1:yrmDGqONDYtNj3tH8X9dzUun2m2lzPa9ngI6/RUPGR0=
 golang.org/x/mod v0.6.0-dev.0.20220419223038-86c51ed26bb4/go.mod h1:jJ57K6gSWd91VN4djpZkiMVwK6gcyfeH4XE8wZrZaV4=
 golang.org/x/mod v0.10.0 h1:lFO9qtOdlre5W1jxS3r/4szv2/6iXxScdzjoBMXNhYk=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20180906233101-161cd47e91fd/go.mod h1:mL1N/T3taQHkDXs73rZJwtUhF3w3ftmwwsq0BUmARs4=
@@ -201,8 +202,8 @@ golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220811171246-fbc7d0a398ab/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBc
 golang.org/x/sys v0.2.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.5.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.6.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.9.0 h1:KS/R3tvhPqvJvwcKfnBHJwwthS11LRhmM5D59eEXa0s=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.9.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.8.0 h1:EBmGv8NaZBZTWvrbjNoL6HVt+IVy3QDQpJs7VRIw3tU=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.8.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/term v0.0.0-20201126162022-7de9c90e9dd1/go.mod h1:bj7SfCRtBDWHUb9snDiAeCFNEtKQo2Wmx5Cou7ajbmo=
 golang.org/x/term v0.0.0-20210927222741-03fcf44c2211/go.mod h1:jbD1KX2456YbFQfuXm/mYQcufACuNUgVhRMnK/tPxf8=
 golang.org/x/term v0.5.0/go.mod h1:jMB1sMXY+tzblOD4FWmEbocvup2/aLOaQEp7JmGp78k=
@@ -210,8 +211,8 @@ golang.org/x/text v0.3.0/go.mod h1:NqM8EUOU14njkJ3fqMW+pc6Ldnwhi/IjpwHt7yyuwOQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.3/go.mod h1:5Zoc/QRtKVWzQhOtBMvqHzDpF6irO9z98xDceosuGiQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.7/go.mod h1:u+2+/6zg+i71rQMx5EYifcz6MCKuco9NR6JIITiCfzQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.7.0/go.mod h1:mrYo+phRRbMaCq/xk9113O4dZlRixOauAjOtrjsXDZ8=
-golang.org/x/text v0.10.0 h1:UpjohKhiEgNc0CSauXmwYftY1+LlaC75SJwh0SgCX58=
-golang.org/x/text v0.10.0/go.mod h1:TvPlkZtksWOMsz7fbANvkp4WM8x/WCo/om8BMLbz+aE=
+golang.org/x/text v0.9.0 h1:2sjJmO8cDvYveuX97RDLsxlyUxLl+GHoLxBiRdHllBE=
+golang.org/x/text v0.9.0/go.mod h1:e1OnstbJyHTd6l/uOt8jFFHp6TRDWZR/bV3emEE/zU8=
 golang.org/x/time v0.3.0 h1:rg5rLMjNzMS1RkNLzCG38eapWhnYLFYXDXj2gOlr8j4=
 golang.org/x/time v0.3.0/go.mod h1:tRJNPiyCQ0inRvYxbN9jk5I+vvW/OXSQhTDSoE431IQ=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20180917221912-90fa682c2a6e/go.mod h1:n7NCudcB/nEzxVGmLbDWY5pfWTLqBcC2KZ6jyYvM4mQ=
@@ -245,6 +246,7 @@ modernc.org/cc/v3 v3.36.1 h1:CICrjwr/1M4+6OQ4HJZ/AHxjcwe67r5vPUF518MkO8A=
 modernc.org/ccgo/v3 v3.16.8 h1:G0QNlTqI5uVgczBWfGKs7B++EPwCfXPWGD2MdeKloDs=
 modernc.org/libc v1.16.19 h1:S8flPn5ZeXx6iw/8yNa986hwTQDrY8RXU7tObZuAozo=
 modernc.org/mathutil v1.4.1 h1:ij3fYGe8zBF4Vu+g0oT7mB06r8sqGWKuJu1yXeR4by8=
+modernc.org/mathutil v1.4.1/go.mod h1:mZW8CKdRPY1v87qxC/wUdX5O1qDzXMP5TH3wjfpga6E=
 modernc.org/memory v1.1.1 h1:bDOL0DIDLQv7bWhP3gMvIrnoFw+Eo6F7a2QK9HPDiFU=
 modernc.org/opt v0.1.3 h1:3XOZf2yznlhC+ibLltsDGzABUGVx8J6pnFMS3E4dcq4=
 modernc.org/sqlite v1.18.1 h1:ko32eKt3jf7eqIkCgPAeHMBXw3riNSLhl2f3loEF7o8=
--- a/bridge/internal/config/db.go
+++ b/bridge/internal/config/db.go
@@ -1,5 +1,11 @@
 package config

+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+)
+
 // DBConfig db config
 type DBConfig struct {
 	// data source name
@@ -9,3 +15,19 @@ type DBConfig struct {
 	MaxOpenNum int `json:"maxOpenNum"`
 	MaxIdleNum int `json:"maxIdleNum"`
 }
+
+// NewDBConfig returns a new instance of Config.
+func NewDBConfig(file string) (*DBConfig, error) {
+	buf, err := os.ReadFile(filepath.Clean(file))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	cfg := &DBConfig{}
+	err = json.Unmarshal(buf, cfg)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return cfg, nil
+}
--- a/bridge/internal/config/l2.go
+++ b/bridge/internal/config/l2.go
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ import (
 	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/rpc"

 	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/common"
+
+	"scroll-tech/bridge/internal/types"
 )

 // L2Config loads l2geth configuration items.
@@ -20,27 +22,28 @@ type L2Config struct {
 	WithdrawTrieRootSlot common.Hash `json:"withdraw_trie_root_slot,omitempty"`
 	// The relayer config
 	RelayerConfig *RelayerConfig `json:"relayer_config"`
-	// The chunk_proposer config
-	ChunkProposerConfig *ChunkProposerConfig `json:"chunk_proposer_config"`
 	// The batch_proposer config
 	BatchProposerConfig *BatchProposerConfig `json:"batch_proposer_config"`
 }

-// ChunkProposerConfig loads chunk_proposer configuration items.
-type ChunkProposerConfig struct {
-	MaxTxGasPerChunk                uint64 `json:"max_tx_gas_per_chunk"`
-	MaxL2TxNumPerChunk              uint64 `json:"max_l2_tx_num_per_chunk"`
-	MaxL1CommitGasPerChunk          uint64 `json:"max_l1_commit_gas_per_chunk"`
-	MaxL1CommitCalldataSizePerChunk uint64 `json:"max_l1_commit_calldata_size_per_chunk"`
-	MinL1CommitCalldataSizePerChunk uint64 `json:"min_l1_commit_calldata_size_per_chunk"`
-	ChunkTimeoutSec                 uint64 `json:"chunk_timeout_sec"`
-}
-
-// BatchProposerConfig loads batch_proposer configuration items.
+// BatchProposerConfig loads l2watcher batch_proposer configuration items.
 type BatchProposerConfig struct {
-	MaxChunkNumPerBatch             uint64 `json:"max_chunk_num_per_batch"`
-	MaxL1CommitGasPerBatch          uint64 `json:"max_l1_commit_gas_per_batch"`
-	MaxL1CommitCalldataSizePerBatch uint64 `json:"max_l1_commit_calldata_size_per_batch"`
-	MinChunkNumPerBatch             uint64 `json:"min_chunk_num_per_batch"`
-	BatchTimeoutSec                 uint64 `json:"batch_timeout_sec"`
+	// Proof generation frequency, generating proof every k blocks
+	ProofGenerationFreq uint64 `json:"proof_generation_freq"`
+	// Txnum threshold in a batch
+	BatchTxNumThreshold uint64 `json:"batch_tx_num_threshold"`
+	// Gas threshold in a batch
+	BatchGasThreshold uint64 `json:"batch_gas_threshold"`
+	// Time waited to generate a batch even if gas_threshold not met
+	BatchTimeSec uint64 `json:"batch_time_sec"`
+	// Time waited to commit batches before the calldata met CommitTxCalldataSizeLimit
+	BatchCommitTimeSec uint64 `json:"batch_commit_time_sec"`
+	// Max number of blocks in a batch
+	BatchBlocksLimit uint64 `json:"batch_blocks_limit"`
+	// Commit tx calldata size limit in bytes, target to cap the gas use of commit tx at 2M gas
+	CommitTxCalldataSizeLimit uint64 `json:"commit_tx_calldata_size_limit"`
+	// Commit tx calldata min size limit in bytes
+	CommitTxCalldataMinSize uint64 `json:"commit_tx_calldata_min_size,omitempty"`
+	// The public input hash config
+	PublicInputConfig *types.PublicInputHashConfig `json:"public_input_config"`
 }
--- a/bridge/internal/controller/relayer/l2_relayer.go
+++ b/bridge/internal/controller/relayer/l2_relayer.go
@@ -3,13 +3,12 @@ package relayer
 import (
 	"context"
 	"errors"
-	"fmt"
 	"math/big"
 	"sync"
-	"time"

 	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/accounts/abi"
 	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/common"
+	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/crypto"
 	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/ethclient"
 	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/log"
 	gethMetrics "github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/metrics"
@@ -23,11 +22,14 @@ import (
 	"scroll-tech/bridge/internal/controller/sender"
 	"scroll-tech/bridge/internal/orm"
 	bridgeTypes "scroll-tech/bridge/internal/types"
+	"scroll-tech/bridge/internal/utils"
 )

 var (
+	bridgeL2MsgsRelayedTotalCounter               = gethMetrics.NewRegisteredCounter("bridge/l2/msgs/relayed/total", metrics.ScrollRegistry)
 	bridgeL2BatchesFinalizedTotalCounter          = gethMetrics.NewRegisteredCounter("bridge/l2/batches/finalized/total", metrics.ScrollRegistry)
 	bridgeL2BatchesCommittedTotalCounter          = gethMetrics.NewRegisteredCounter("bridge/l2/batches/committed/total", metrics.ScrollRegistry)
+	bridgeL2MsgsRelayedConfirmedTotalCounter      = gethMetrics.NewRegisteredCounter("bridge/l2/msgs/relayed/confirmed/total", metrics.ScrollRegistry)
 	bridgeL2BatchesFinalizedConfirmedTotalCounter = gethMetrics.NewRegisteredCounter("bridge/l2/batches/finalized/confirmed/total", metrics.ScrollRegistry)
 	bridgeL2BatchesCommittedConfirmedTotalCounter = gethMetrics.NewRegisteredCounter("bridge/l2/batches/committed/confirmed/total", metrics.ScrollRegistry)
 	bridgeL2BatchesSkippedTotalCounter            = gethMetrics.NewRegisteredCounter("bridge/l2/batches/skipped/total", metrics.ScrollRegistry)
@@ -44,10 +46,9 @@ type Layer2Relayer struct {

 	l2Client *ethclient.Client

-	db         *gorm.DB
-	batchOrm   *orm.Batch
-	chunkOrm   *orm.Chunk
-	l2BlockOrm *orm.L2Block
+	blockBatchOrm *orm.BlockBatch
+	blockTraceOrm *orm.BlockTrace
+	l2MessageOrm  *orm.L2Message

 	cfg *config.RelayerConfig

@@ -71,8 +72,8 @@ type Layer2Relayer struct {
 	processingMessage sync.Map

 	// A list of processing batches commitment.
-	// key(string): confirmation ID, value(string): batch hash.
-	processingCommitment sync.Map
+	// key(string): confirmation ID, value([]string): batch hashes.
+	processingBatchesCommitment sync.Map

 	// A list of processing batch finalization.
 	// key(string): confirmation ID, value(string): batch hash.
@@ -80,7 +81,7 @@ type Layer2Relayer struct {
 }

 // NewLayer2Relayer will return a new instance of Layer2RelayerClient
-func NewLayer2Relayer(ctx context.Context, l2Client *ethclient.Client, db *gorm.DB, cfg *config.RelayerConfig, initGenesis bool) (*Layer2Relayer, error) {
+func NewLayer2Relayer(ctx context.Context, l2Client *ethclient.Client, db *gorm.DB, cfg *config.RelayerConfig) (*Layer2Relayer, error) {
 	// @todo use different sender for relayer, block commit and proof finalize
 	messageSender, err := sender.NewSender(ctx, cfg.SenderConfig, cfg.MessageSenderPrivateKeys)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -117,11 +118,10 @@ func NewLayer2Relayer(ctx context.Context, l2Client *ethclient.Client, db *gorm.

 	layer2Relayer := &Layer2Relayer{
 		ctx: ctx,
-		db:  db,

-		batchOrm:   orm.NewBatch(db),
-		l2BlockOrm: orm.NewL2Block(db),
-		chunkOrm:   orm.NewChunk(db),
+		blockBatchOrm: orm.NewBlockBatch(db),
+		l2MessageOrm:  orm.NewL2Message(db),
+		blockTraceOrm: orm.NewBlockTrace(db),

 		l2Client: l2Client,

@@ -139,135 +139,20 @@ func NewLayer2Relayer(ctx context.Context, l2Client *ethclient.Client, db *gorm.
 		minGasPrice:  minGasPrice,
 		gasPriceDiff: gasPriceDiff,

-		cfg:                    cfg,
-		processingMessage:      sync.Map{},
-		processingCommitment:   sync.Map{},
-		processingFinalization: sync.Map{},
+		cfg:                         cfg,
+		processingMessage:           sync.Map{},
+		processingBatchesCommitment: sync.Map{},
+		processingFinalization:      sync.Map{},
 	}
-
-	// Initialize genesis before we do anything else
-	if initGenesis {
-		if err := layer2Relayer.initializeGenesis(); err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to initialize and commit genesis batch, err: %v", err)
-		}
-	}
-
 	go layer2Relayer.handleConfirmLoop(ctx)
 	return layer2Relayer, nil
 }

-func (r *Layer2Relayer) initializeGenesis() error {
-	if count, err := r.batchOrm.GetBatchCount(r.ctx); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to get batch count: %v", err)
-	} else if count > 0 {
-		log.Info("genesis already imported", "batch count", count)
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	genesis, err := r.l2Client.HeaderByNumber(r.ctx, big.NewInt(0))
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to retrieve L2 genesis header: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	log.Info("retrieved L2 genesis header", "hash", genesis.Hash().String())
-
-	chunk := &bridgeTypes.Chunk{
-		Blocks: []*bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock{{
-			Header:           genesis,
-			Transactions:     nil,
-			WithdrawTrieRoot: common.Hash{},
-		}},
-	}
-
-	err = r.db.Transaction(func(dbTX *gorm.DB) error {
-		var dbChunk *orm.Chunk
-		dbChunk, err = r.chunkOrm.InsertChunk(r.ctx, chunk, dbTX)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to insert chunk: %v", err)
-		}
-
-		if err = r.chunkOrm.UpdateProvingStatus(r.ctx, dbChunk.Hash, types.ProvingTaskVerified, dbTX); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to update genesis chunk proving status: %v", err)
-		}
-
-		var batch *orm.Batch
-		batch, err = r.batchOrm.InsertBatch(r.ctx, 0, 0, dbChunk.Hash, dbChunk.Hash, []*bridgeTypes.Chunk{chunk}, dbTX)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to insert batch: %v", err)
-		}
-
-		if err = r.chunkOrm.UpdateBatchHashInRange(r.ctx, 0, 0, batch.Hash, dbTX); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to update batch hash for chunks: %v", err)
-		}
-
-		if err = r.batchOrm.UpdateProvingStatus(r.ctx, batch.Hash, types.ProvingTaskVerified, dbTX); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to update genesis batch proving status: %v", err)
-		}
-
-		if err = r.batchOrm.UpdateRollupStatus(r.ctx, batch.Hash, types.RollupFinalized, dbTX); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to update genesis batch rollup status: %v", err)
-		}
-
-		// commit genesis batch on L1
-		// note: we do this inside the DB transaction so that we can revert all DB changes if this step fails
-		return r.commitGenesisBatch(batch.Hash, batch.BatchHeader, common.HexToHash(batch.StateRoot))
-	})
-
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("update genesis transaction failed: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	log.Info("successfully imported genesis chunk and batch")
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (r *Layer2Relayer) commitGenesisBatch(batchHash string, batchHeader []byte, stateRoot common.Hash) error {
-	// encode "importGenesisBatch" transaction calldata
-	calldata, err := r.l1RollupABI.Pack("importGenesisBatch", batchHeader, stateRoot)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to pack importGenesisBatch with batch header: %v and state root: %v. error: %v", common.Bytes2Hex(batchHeader), stateRoot, err)
-	}
-
-	// submit genesis batch to L1 rollup contract
-	txHash, err := r.rollupSender.SendTransaction(batchHash, &r.cfg.RollupContractAddress, big.NewInt(0), calldata, 0)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to send import genesis batch tx to L1, error: %v", err)
-	}
-	log.Info("importGenesisBatch transaction sent", "contract", r.cfg.RollupContractAddress, "txHash", txHash.String(), "batchHash", batchHash)
-
-	// wait for confirmation
-	// we assume that no other transactions are sent before initializeGenesis completes
-	ticker := time.NewTicker(10 * time.Second)
-	defer ticker.Stop()
-
-	for {
-		select {
-		// print progress
-		case <-ticker.C:
-			log.Info("Waiting for confirmation", "pending count", r.rollupSender.PendingCount())
-
-		// timeout
-		case <-time.After(5 * time.Minute):
-			return fmt.Errorf("import genesis timeout after 5 minutes, original txHash: %v", txHash.String())
-
-		// handle confirmation
-		case confirmation := <-r.rollupSender.ConfirmChan():
-			if confirmation.ID != batchHash {
-				return fmt.Errorf("unexpected import genesis confirmation id, expected: %v, got: %v", batchHash, confirmation.ID)
-			}
-			if !confirmation.IsSuccessful {
-				return fmt.Errorf("import genesis batch tx failed")
-			}
-			log.Info("Successfully committed genesis batch on L1", "txHash", confirmation.TxHash.String())
-			return nil
-		}
-	}
-}
+const processMsgLimit = 100

 // ProcessGasPriceOracle imports gas price to layer1
 func (r *Layer2Relayer) ProcessGasPriceOracle() {
-	batch, err := r.batchOrm.GetLatestBatch(r.ctx)
+	batch, err := r.blockBatchOrm.GetLatestBatch()
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Error("Failed to GetLatestBatch", "err", err)
 		return
@@ -298,7 +183,7 @@ func (r *Layer2Relayer) ProcessGasPriceOracle() {
 				return
 			}

-			err = r.batchOrm.UpdateL2GasOracleStatusAndOracleTxHash(r.ctx, batch.Hash, types.GasOracleImporting, hash.String())
+			err = r.blockBatchOrm.UpdateL2GasOracleStatusAndOracleTxHash(r.ctx, batch.Hash, types.GasOracleImporting, hash.String())
 			if err != nil {
 				log.Error("UpdateGasOracleStatusAndOracleTxHash failed", "batch.Hash", batch.Hash, "err", err)
 				return
@@ -309,119 +194,93 @@ func (r *Layer2Relayer) ProcessGasPriceOracle() {
 	}
 }

-// ProcessPendingBatches processes the pending batches by sending commitBatch transactions to layer 1.
-func (r *Layer2Relayer) ProcessPendingBatches() {
-	// get pending batches from database in ascending order by their index.
-	pendingBatches, err := r.batchOrm.GetPendingBatches(r.ctx, 10)
+// SendCommitTx sends commitBatches tx to L1.
+func (r *Layer2Relayer) SendCommitTx(batchData []*bridgeTypes.BatchData) error {
+	if len(batchData) == 0 {
+		log.Error("SendCommitTx receives empty batch")
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// pack calldata
+	commitBatches := make([]bridgeAbi.IScrollChainBatch, len(batchData))
+	for i, batch := range batchData {
+		commitBatches[i] = batch.Batch
+	}
+	calldata, err := r.l1RollupABI.Pack("commitBatches", commitBatches)
 	if err != nil {
-		log.Error("Failed to fetch pending L2 batches", "err", err)
-		return
+		log.Error("Failed to pack commitBatches",
+			"error", err,
+			"start_batch_index", commitBatches[0].BatchIndex,
+			"end_batch_index", commitBatches[len(commitBatches)-1].BatchIndex)
+		return err
 	}
-	for _, batch := range pendingBatches {
-		// get current header and parent header.
-		currentBatchHeader, err := bridgeTypes.DecodeBatchHeader(batch.BatchHeader)
-		if err != nil {
-			log.Error("Failed to decode batch header", "index", batch.Index, "error", err)
-			return
-		}
-		parentBatch := &orm.Batch{}
-		if batch.Index > 0 {
-			parentBatch, err = r.batchOrm.GetBatchByIndex(r.ctx, batch.Index-1)
-			if err != nil {
-				log.Error("Failed to get parent batch header", "index", batch.Index-1, "error", err)
-				return
-			}
-		}

-		// get the chunks for the batch
-		startChunkIndex := batch.StartChunkIndex
-		endChunkIndex := batch.EndChunkIndex
-		dbChunks, err := r.chunkOrm.GetChunksInRange(r.ctx, startChunkIndex, endChunkIndex)
-		if err != nil {
-			log.Error("Failed to fetch chunks",
-				"start index", startChunkIndex,
-				"end index", endChunkIndex, "error", err)
-			return
-		}
-
-		encodedChunks := make([][]byte, len(dbChunks))
-		for i, c := range dbChunks {
-			var wrappedBlocks []*bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock
-			wrappedBlocks, err = r.l2BlockOrm.GetL2BlocksInRange(r.ctx, c.StartBlockNumber, c.EndBlockNumber)
-			if err != nil {
-				log.Error("Failed to fetch wrapped blocks",
-					"start number", c.StartBlockNumber,
-					"end number", c.EndBlockNumber, "error", err)
-				return
-			}
-			chunk := &bridgeTypes.Chunk{
-				Blocks: wrappedBlocks,
-			}
-			var chunkBytes []byte
-			chunkBytes, err = chunk.Encode(c.TotalL1MessagesPoppedBefore)
-			if err != nil {
-				log.Error("Failed to encode chunk", "error", err)
-				return
-			}
-			encodedChunks[i] = chunkBytes
-		}
-
-		calldata, err := r.l1RollupABI.Pack("commitBatch", currentBatchHeader.Version(), parentBatch.BatchHeader, encodedChunks, currentBatchHeader.SkippedL1MessageBitmap())
-		if err != nil {
-			log.Error("Failed to pack commitBatch", "index", batch.Index, "error", err)
-			return
-		}
-
-		// send transaction
-		txID := batch.Hash + "-commit"
-		txHash, err := r.rollupSender.SendTransaction(txID, &r.cfg.RollupContractAddress, big.NewInt(0), calldata, 0)
-		if err != nil {
-			if !errors.Is(err, sender.ErrNoAvailableAccount) && !errors.Is(err, sender.ErrFullPending) {
-				log.Error("Failed to send commitBatch tx to layer1 ", "err", err)
-			}
-			return
-		}
-
-		err = r.batchOrm.UpdateCommitTxHashAndRollupStatus(r.ctx, batch.Hash, txHash.String(), types.RollupCommitting)
-		if err != nil {
-			log.Error("UpdateCommitTxHashAndRollupStatus failed", "hash", batch.Hash, "index", batch.Index, "err", err)
-			return
-		}
-		bridgeL2BatchesCommittedTotalCounter.Inc(1)
-		r.processingCommitment.Store(txID, batch.Hash)
-		log.Info("Sent the commitBatch tx to layer1", "batch index", batch.Index, "batch hash", batch.Hash, "tx hash", txHash.Hex())
+	// generate a unique txID and send transaction
+	var bytes []byte
+	for _, batch := range batchData {
+		bytes = append(bytes, batch.Hash().Bytes()...)
 	}
+	txID := crypto.Keccak256Hash(bytes).String()
+	txHash, err := r.rollupSender.SendTransaction(txID, &r.cfg.RollupContractAddress, big.NewInt(0), calldata, 0)
+	if err != nil {
+		if !errors.Is(err, sender.ErrNoAvailableAccount) && !errors.Is(err, sender.ErrFullPending) {
+			log.Error("Failed to send commitBatches tx to layer1 ", "err", err)
+		}
+		return err
+	}
+	bridgeL2BatchesCommittedTotalCounter.Inc(int64(len(commitBatches)))
+	log.Info("Sent the commitBatches tx to layer1",
+		"tx_hash", txHash.Hex(),
+		"start_batch_index", commitBatches[0].BatchIndex,
+		"end_batch_index", commitBatches[len(commitBatches)-1].BatchIndex)
+
+	// record and sync with db, @todo handle db error
+	batchHashes := make([]string, len(batchData))
+	for i, batch := range batchData {
+		batchHashes[i] = batch.Hash().Hex()
+		err = r.blockBatchOrm.UpdateCommitTxHashAndRollupStatus(r.ctx, batchHashes[i], txHash.String(), types.RollupCommitting)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Error("UpdateCommitTxHashAndRollupStatus failed", "hash", batchHashes[i], "index", batch.Batch.BatchIndex, "err", err)
+		}
+	}
+	r.processingBatchesCommitment.Store(txID, batchHashes)
+	return nil
 }

 // ProcessCommittedBatches submit proof to layer 1 rollup contract
 func (r *Layer2Relayer) ProcessCommittedBatches() {
 	// set skipped batches in a single db operation
-	if count, err := r.batchOrm.UpdateSkippedBatches(r.ctx); err != nil {
+	if count, err := r.blockBatchOrm.UpdateSkippedBatches(); err != nil {
 		log.Error("UpdateSkippedBatches failed", "err", err)
 		// continue anyway
 	} else if count > 0 {
-		bridgeL2BatchesSkippedTotalCounter.Inc(int64(count))
+		bridgeL2BatchesSkippedTotalCounter.Inc(count)
 		log.Info("Skipping batches", "count", count)
 	}

-	// retrieves the earliest batch whose rollup status is 'committed'
-	fields := map[string]interface{}{
-		"rollup_status": types.RollupCommitted,
-	}
-	orderByList := []string{"index ASC"}
-	limit := 1
-	batches, err := r.batchOrm.GetBatches(r.ctx, fields, orderByList, limit)
+	// batches are sorted by batch index in increasing order
+	batchHashes, err := r.blockBatchOrm.GetBlockBatchesHashByRollupStatus(types.RollupCommitted, 1)
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Error("Failed to fetch committed L2 batches", "err", err)
 		return
 	}
-	if len(batches) != 1 {
-		log.Warn("Unexpected result for GetBlockBatches", "number of batches", len(batches))
+	if len(batchHashes) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+	hash := batchHashes[0]
+	// @todo add support to relay multiple batches
+
+	batches, err := r.blockBatchOrm.GetBlockBatches(map[string]interface{}{"hash": hash}, nil, 1)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Error("Failed to fetch committed L2 batch", "hash", hash, "err", err)
+		return
+	}
+	if len(batches) == 0 {
+		log.Error("Unexpected result for GetBlockBatches", "hash", hash, "len", 0)
 		return
 	}

 	batch := batches[0]
-	hash := batch.Hash
 	status := types.ProvingStatus(batch.ProvingStatus)
 	switch status {
 	case types.ProvingTaskUnassigned, types.ProvingTaskAssigned:
@@ -433,54 +292,75 @@ func (r *Layer2Relayer) ProcessCommittedBatches() {
 		return
 	case types.ProvingTaskFailed, types.ProvingTaskSkipped:
 		// note: this is covered by UpdateSkippedBatches, but we keep it for completeness's sake
-		if err = r.batchOrm.UpdateRollupStatus(r.ctx, hash, types.RollupFinalizationSkipped); err != nil {
+		if err = r.blockBatchOrm.UpdateRollupStatus(r.ctx, hash, types.RollupFinalizationSkipped); err != nil {
 			log.Warn("UpdateRollupStatus failed", "hash", hash, "err", err)
 		}
 	case types.ProvingTaskVerified:
 		log.Info("Start to roll up zk proof", "hash", hash)
 		success := false

-		var parentBatchStateRoot string
-		if batch.Index > 0 {
-			var parentBatch *orm.Batch
-			parentBatch, err = r.batchOrm.GetBatchByIndex(r.ctx, batch.Index-1)
-			// handle unexpected db error
-			if err != nil {
-				log.Error("Failed to get batch", "index", batch.Index-1, "err", err)
-				return
+		rollupStatues := []types.RollupStatus{
+			types.RollupFinalizing,
+			types.RollupFinalized,
+		}
+		previousBatch, err := r.blockBatchOrm.GetLatestBatchByRollupStatus(rollupStatues)
+		// skip submitting proof
+		if err == nil && uint64(batch.CreatedAt.Sub(previousBatch.CreatedAt).Seconds()) < r.cfg.FinalizeBatchIntervalSec {
+			log.Info(
+				"Not enough time passed, skipping",
+				"hash", hash,
+				"createdAt", batch.CreatedAt,
+				"lastFinalizingHash", previousBatch.Hash,
+				"lastFinalizingStatus", previousBatch.RollupStatus,
+				"lastFinalizingCreatedAt", previousBatch.CreatedAt,
+			)
+
+			if err = r.blockBatchOrm.UpdateRollupStatus(r.ctx, hash, types.RollupFinalizationSkipped); err != nil {
+				log.Warn("UpdateRollupStatus failed", "hash", hash, "err", err)
+			} else {
+				success = true
 			}
-			parentBatchStateRoot = parentBatch.StateRoot
+
+			return
+		}
+
+		// handle unexpected db error
+		if err != nil && !errors.Is(err, gorm.ErrRecordNotFound) {
+			log.Error("Failed to get latest finalized batch", "err", err)
+			return
 		}

 		defer func() {
 			// TODO: need to revisit this and have a more fine-grained error handling
 			if !success {
 				log.Info("Failed to upload the proof, change rollup status to FinalizationSkipped", "hash", hash)
-				if err = r.batchOrm.UpdateRollupStatus(r.ctx, hash, types.RollupFinalizationSkipped); err != nil {
+				if err = r.blockBatchOrm.UpdateRollupStatus(r.ctx, hash, types.RollupFinalizationSkipped); err != nil {
 					log.Warn("UpdateRollupStatus failed", "hash", hash, "err", err)
 				}
 			}
 		}()

-		aggProof, err := r.batchOrm.GetVerifiedProofByHash(r.ctx, hash)
+		proofBuffer, icBuffer, err := r.blockBatchOrm.GetVerifiedProofAndInstanceCommitmentsByHash(hash)
 		if err != nil {
-			log.Warn("get verified proof by hash failed", "hash", hash, "err", err)
+			log.Warn("fetch get proof by hash failed", "hash", hash, "err", err)
+			return
+		}
+		if proofBuffer == nil || icBuffer == nil {
+			log.Warn("proof or instance not ready", "hash", hash)
+			return
+		}
+		if len(proofBuffer)%32 != 0 {
+			log.Error("proof buffer has wrong length", "hash", hash, "length", len(proofBuffer))
+			return
+		}
+		if len(icBuffer)%32 != 0 {
+			log.Warn("instance buffer has wrong length", "hash", hash, "length", len(icBuffer))
 			return
 		}

-		if err = aggProof.SanityCheck(); err != nil {
-			log.Warn("agg_proof sanity check fails", "hash", hash, "error", err)
-			return
-		}
-
-		data, err := r.l1RollupABI.Pack(
-			"finalizeBatchWithProof",
-			batch.BatchHeader,
-			common.HexToHash(parentBatchStateRoot),
-			common.HexToHash(batch.StateRoot),
-			common.HexToHash(batch.WithdrawRoot),
-			aggProof.Proof,
-		)
+		proof := utils.BufferToUint256Le(proofBuffer)
+		instance := utils.BufferToUint256Le(icBuffer)
+		data, err := r.l1RollupABI.Pack("finalizeBatchWithProof", common.HexToHash(hash), proof, instance)
 		if err != nil {
 			log.Error("Pack finalizeBatchWithProof failed", "err", err)
 			return
@@ -492,20 +372,17 @@ func (r *Layer2Relayer) ProcessCommittedBatches() {
 		finalizeTxHash := &txHash
 		if err != nil {
 			if !errors.Is(err, sender.ErrNoAvailableAccount) && !errors.Is(err, sender.ErrFullPending) {
-				log.Error("finalizeBatchWithProof in layer1 failed",
-					"index", batch.Index, "hash", batch.Hash, "err", err)
+				log.Error("finalizeBatchWithProof in layer1 failed", "hash", hash, "err", err)
 			}
 			return
 		}
 		bridgeL2BatchesFinalizedTotalCounter.Inc(1)
-		log.Info("finalizeBatchWithProof in layer1", "index", batch.Index, "batch hash", batch.Hash, "tx hash", hash)
+		log.Info("finalizeBatchWithProof in layer1", "batch_hash", hash, "tx_hash", hash)

 		// record and sync with db, @todo handle db error
-		err = r.batchOrm.UpdateFinalizeTxHashAndRollupStatus(r.ctx, hash, finalizeTxHash.String(), types.RollupFinalizing)
+		err = r.blockBatchOrm.UpdateFinalizeTxHashAndRollupStatus(r.ctx, hash, finalizeTxHash.String(), types.RollupFinalizing)
 		if err != nil {
-			log.Warn("UpdateFinalizeTxHashAndRollupStatus failed",
-				"index", batch.Index, "batch hash", batch.Hash,
-				"tx hash", finalizeTxHash.String(), "err", err)
+			log.Warn("UpdateFinalizeTxHashAndRollupStatus failed", "batch_hash", hash, "err", err)
 		}
 		success = true
 		r.processingFinalization.Store(txID, hash)
@@ -519,9 +396,29 @@ func (r *Layer2Relayer) ProcessCommittedBatches() {

 func (r *Layer2Relayer) handleConfirmation(confirmation *sender.Confirmation) {
 	transactionType := "Unknown"
+	// check whether it is message relay transaction
+	if msgHash, ok := r.processingMessage.Load(confirmation.ID); ok {
+		transactionType = "MessageRelay"
+		var status types.MsgStatus
+		if confirmation.IsSuccessful {
+			status = types.MsgConfirmed
+		} else {
+			status = types.MsgRelayFailed
+			log.Warn("transaction confirmed but failed in layer1", "confirmation", confirmation)
+		}
+		// @todo handle db error
+		err := r.l2MessageOrm.UpdateLayer2StatusAndLayer1Hash(r.ctx, msgHash.(string), status, confirmation.TxHash.String())
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Warn("UpdateLayer2StatusAndLayer1Hash failed", "msgHash", msgHash.(string), "err", err)
+		}
+		bridgeL2MsgsRelayedConfirmedTotalCounter.Inc(1)
+		r.processingMessage.Delete(confirmation.ID)
+	}
+
 	// check whether it is CommitBatches transaction
-	if batchHash, ok := r.processingCommitment.Load(confirmation.ID); ok {
+	if batchBatches, ok := r.processingBatchesCommitment.Load(confirmation.ID); ok {
 		transactionType = "BatchesCommitment"
+		batchHashes := batchBatches.([]string)
 		var status types.RollupStatus
 		if confirmation.IsSuccessful {
 			status = types.RollupCommitted
@@ -529,15 +426,15 @@ func (r *Layer2Relayer) handleConfirmation(confirmation *sender.Confirmation) {
 			status = types.RollupCommitFailed
 			log.Warn("transaction confirmed but failed in layer1", "confirmation", confirmation)
 		}
-		// @todo handle db error
-		err := r.batchOrm.UpdateCommitTxHashAndRollupStatus(r.ctx, batchHash.(string), confirmation.TxHash.String(), status)
-		if err != nil {
-			log.Warn("UpdateCommitTxHashAndRollupStatus failed",
-				"batch hash", batchHash.(string),
-				"tx hash", confirmation.TxHash.String(), "err", err)
+		for _, batchHash := range batchHashes {
+			// @todo handle db error
+			err := r.blockBatchOrm.UpdateCommitTxHashAndRollupStatus(r.ctx, batchHash, confirmation.TxHash.String(), status)
+			if err != nil {
+				log.Warn("UpdateCommitTxHashAndRollupStatus failed", "batch_hash", batchHash, "err", err)
+			}
 		}
-		bridgeL2BatchesCommittedConfirmedTotalCounter.Inc(1)
-		r.processingCommitment.Delete(confirmation.ID)
+		bridgeL2BatchesCommittedConfirmedTotalCounter.Inc(int64(len(batchHashes)))
+		r.processingBatchesCommitment.Delete(confirmation.ID)
 	}

 	// check whether it is proof finalization transaction
@@ -550,13 +447,10 @@ func (r *Layer2Relayer) handleConfirmation(confirmation *sender.Confirmation) {
 			status = types.RollupFinalizeFailed
 			log.Warn("transaction confirmed but failed in layer1", "confirmation", confirmation)
 		}
-
 		// @todo handle db error
-		err := r.batchOrm.UpdateFinalizeTxHashAndRollupStatus(r.ctx, batchHash.(string), confirmation.TxHash.String(), status)
+		err := r.blockBatchOrm.UpdateFinalizeTxHashAndRollupStatus(r.ctx, batchHash.(string), confirmation.TxHash.String(), status)
 		if err != nil {
-			log.Warn("UpdateFinalizeTxHashAndRollupStatus failed",
-				"batch hash", batchHash.(string),
-				"tx hash", confirmation.TxHash.String(), "err", err)
+			log.Warn("UpdateFinalizeTxHashAndRollupStatus failed", "batch_hash", batchHash.(string), "err", err)
 		}
 		bridgeL2BatchesFinalizedConfirmedTotalCounter.Inc(1)
 		r.processingFinalization.Delete(confirmation.ID)
@@ -576,14 +470,14 @@ func (r *Layer2Relayer) handleConfirmLoop(ctx context.Context) {
 		case cfm := <-r.gasOracleSender.ConfirmChan():
 			if !cfm.IsSuccessful {
 				// @discuss: maybe make it pending again?
-				err := r.batchOrm.UpdateL2GasOracleStatusAndOracleTxHash(r.ctx, cfm.ID, types.GasOracleFailed, cfm.TxHash.String())
+				err := r.blockBatchOrm.UpdateL2GasOracleStatusAndOracleTxHash(r.ctx, cfm.ID, types.GasOracleFailed, cfm.TxHash.String())
 				if err != nil {
 					log.Warn("UpdateL2GasOracleStatusAndOracleTxHash failed", "err", err)
 				}
 				log.Warn("transaction confirmed but failed in layer1", "confirmation", cfm)
 			} else {
 				// @todo handle db error
-				err := r.batchOrm.UpdateL2GasOracleStatusAndOracleTxHash(r.ctx, cfm.ID, types.GasOracleImported, cfm.TxHash.String())
+				err := r.blockBatchOrm.UpdateL2GasOracleStatusAndOracleTxHash(r.ctx, cfm.ID, types.GasOracleImported, cfm.TxHash.String())
 				if err != nil {
 					log.Warn("UpdateL2GasOracleStatusAndOracleTxHash failed", "err", err)
 				}
--- a/bridge/internal/controller/relayer/l2_relayer_test.go
+++ b/bridge/internal/controller/relayer/l2_relayer_test.go
@@ -2,18 +2,22 @@ package relayer

 import (
 	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"math/big"
+	"os"
+	"strconv"
 	"testing"

 	"github.com/agiledragon/gomonkey/v2"
+	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/accounts/abi"
 	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/common"
+	gethTypes "github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/core/types"
 	"github.com/smartystreets/goconvey/convey"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"

 	"scroll-tech/common/types"
-	"scroll-tech/common/types/message"
 	"scroll-tech/common/utils"

 	"scroll-tech/bridge/internal/controller/sender"
@@ -23,6 +27,20 @@ import (
 	bridgeUtils "scroll-tech/bridge/internal/utils"
 )

+var (
+	templateL2Message = []orm.L2Message{
+		{
+			Nonce:      1,
+			Height:     1,
+			Sender:     "0x596a746661dbed76a84556111c2872249b070e15",
+			Value:      "100",
+			Target:     "0x2c73620b223808297ea734d946813f0dd78eb8f7",
+			Calldata:   "testdata",
+			Layer2Hash: "hash0",
+		},
+	}
+)
+
 func setupL2RelayerDB(t *testing.T) *gorm.DB {
 	db, err := bridgeUtils.InitDB(cfg.DBConfig)
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
@@ -35,37 +53,74 @@ func setupL2RelayerDB(t *testing.T) *gorm.DB {
 func testCreateNewRelayer(t *testing.T) {
 	db := setupL2RelayerDB(t)
 	defer bridgeUtils.CloseDB(db)
-	relayer, err := NewLayer2Relayer(context.Background(), l2Cli, db, cfg.L2Config.RelayerConfig, false)
+	relayer, err := NewLayer2Relayer(context.Background(), l2Cli, db, cfg.L2Config.RelayerConfig)
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.NotNil(t, relayer)
 }

-func testL2RelayerProcessPendingBatches(t *testing.T) {
+func testL2RelayerProcessSaveEvents(t *testing.T) {
 	db := setupL2RelayerDB(t)
 	defer bridgeUtils.CloseDB(db)
-
 	l2Cfg := cfg.L2Config
-	relayer, err := NewLayer2Relayer(context.Background(), l2Cli, db, l2Cfg.RelayerConfig, false)
+	relayer, err := NewLayer2Relayer(context.Background(), l2Cli, db, l2Cfg.RelayerConfig)
 	assert.NoError(t, err)

-	l2BlockOrm := orm.NewL2Block(db)
-	err = l2BlockOrm.InsertL2Blocks(context.Background(), []*bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock{wrappedBlock1, wrappedBlock2})
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	chunkOrm := orm.NewChunk(db)
-	dbChunk1, err := chunkOrm.InsertChunk(context.Background(), chunk1)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	dbChunk2, err := chunkOrm.InsertChunk(context.Background(), chunk2)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	batchOrm := orm.NewBatch(db)
-	batch, err := batchOrm.InsertBatch(context.Background(), 0, 1, dbChunk1.Hash, dbChunk2.Hash, []*bridgeTypes.Chunk{chunk1, chunk2})
+	l2MessageOrm := orm.NewL2Message(db)
+	err = l2MessageOrm.SaveL2Messages(context.Background(), templateL2Message)
 	assert.NoError(t, err)

-	relayer.ProcessPendingBatches()
+	traces := []*bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock{
+		{
+			Header: &gethTypes.Header{
+				Number: big.NewInt(int64(templateL2Message[0].Height)),
+			},
+			Transactions:     nil,
+			WithdrawTrieRoot: common.Hash{},
+		},
+		{
+			Header: &gethTypes.Header{
+				Number: big.NewInt(int64(templateL2Message[0].Height + 1)),
+			},
+			Transactions:     nil,
+			WithdrawTrieRoot: common.Hash{},
+		},
+	}

-	statuses, err := batchOrm.GetRollupStatusByHashList(context.Background(), []string{batch.Hash})
+	blockTraceOrm := orm.NewBlockTrace(db)
+	assert.NoError(t, blockTraceOrm.InsertWrappedBlocks(traces))
+	blockBatchOrm := orm.NewBlockBatch(db)
+	parentBatch1 := &bridgeTypes.BatchInfo{
+		Index:     0,
+		Hash:      common.Hash{}.Hex(),
+		StateRoot: common.Hash{}.Hex(),
+	}
+	batchData1 := bridgeTypes.NewBatchData(parentBatch1, []*bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock{wrappedBlock1}, nil)
+	batchHash := batchData1.Hash().Hex()
+	err = db.Transaction(func(tx *gorm.DB) error {
+		rowsAffected, dbTxErr := blockBatchOrm.InsertBlockBatchByBatchData(tx, batchData1)
+		if dbTxErr != nil {
+			return dbTxErr
+		}
+		if rowsAffected != 1 {
+			dbTxErr = errors.New("the InsertBlockBatchByBatchData affected row is not 1")
+			return dbTxErr
+		}
+		dbTxErr = blockTraceOrm.UpdateBatchHashForL2Blocks(tx, []uint64{1}, batchHash)
+		if dbTxErr != nil {
+			return dbTxErr
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, 1, len(statuses))
-	assert.Equal(t, types.RollupCommitting, statuses[0])
+
+	err = blockBatchOrm.UpdateRollupStatus(context.Background(), batchHash, types.RollupFinalized)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	relayer.ProcessSavedEvents()
+
+	msg, err := l2MessageOrm.GetL2MessageByNonce(templateL2Message[0].Nonce)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, types.MsgSubmitted, types.MsgStatus(msg.Status))
 }

 func testL2RelayerProcessCommittedBatches(t *testing.T) {
@@ -73,36 +128,44 @@ func testL2RelayerProcessCommittedBatches(t *testing.T) {
 	defer bridgeUtils.CloseDB(db)

 	l2Cfg := cfg.L2Config
-	relayer, err := NewLayer2Relayer(context.Background(), l2Cli, db, l2Cfg.RelayerConfig, false)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	batchOrm := orm.NewBatch(db)
-	batch, err := batchOrm.InsertBatch(context.Background(), 0, 1, chunkHash1.Hex(), chunkHash2.Hex(), []*bridgeTypes.Chunk{chunk1, chunk2})
+	relayer, err := NewLayer2Relayer(context.Background(), l2Cli, db, l2Cfg.RelayerConfig)
 	assert.NoError(t, err)

-	err = batchOrm.UpdateRollupStatus(context.Background(), batch.Hash, types.RollupCommitted)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-
-	err = batchOrm.UpdateProvingStatus(context.Background(), batch.Hash, types.ProvingTaskVerified)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-
-	relayer.ProcessCommittedBatches()
-
-	statuses, err := batchOrm.GetRollupStatusByHashList(context.Background(), []string{batch.Hash})
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, 1, len(statuses))
-	assert.Equal(t, types.RollupFinalizationSkipped, statuses[0])
-
-	err = batchOrm.UpdateRollupStatus(context.Background(), batch.Hash, types.RollupCommitted)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	proof := &message.AggProof{
-		Proof:     []byte{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31},
-		FinalPair: []byte{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31},
+	parentBatch1 := &bridgeTypes.BatchInfo{
+		Index:     0,
+		Hash:      common.Hash{}.Hex(),
+		StateRoot: common.Hash{}.Hex(),
 	}
-	err = batchOrm.UpdateProofByHash(context.Background(), batch.Hash, proof, 100)
+
+	blockBatchOrm := orm.NewBlockBatch(db)
+	batchData1 := bridgeTypes.NewBatchData(parentBatch1, []*bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock{wrappedBlock1}, nil)
+	batchHash := batchData1.Hash().Hex()
+	err = db.Transaction(func(tx *gorm.DB) error {
+		rowsAffected, dbTxErr := blockBatchOrm.InsertBlockBatchByBatchData(tx, batchData1)
+		if dbTxErr != nil {
+			return dbTxErr
+		}
+		if rowsAffected != 1 {
+			dbTxErr = errors.New("the InsertBlockBatchByBatchData affected row is not 1")
+			return dbTxErr
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	err = blockBatchOrm.UpdateRollupStatus(context.Background(), batchHash, types.RollupCommitted)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	tProof := []byte{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31}
+	tInstanceCommitments := []byte{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31}
+	err = blockBatchOrm.UpdateProofByHash(context.Background(), batchHash, tProof, tInstanceCommitments, 100)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	err = blockBatchOrm.UpdateProvingStatus(batchHash, types.ProvingTaskVerified)
 	assert.NoError(t, err)

 	relayer.ProcessCommittedBatches()
-	statuses, err = batchOrm.GetRollupStatusByHashList(context.Background(), []string{batch.Hash})
+
+	statuses, err := blockBatchOrm.GetRollupStatusByHashList([]string{batchHash})
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.Equal(t, 1, len(statuses))
 	assert.Equal(t, types.RollupFinalizing, statuses[0])
@@ -113,100 +176,172 @@ func testL2RelayerSkipBatches(t *testing.T) {
 	defer bridgeUtils.CloseDB(db)

 	l2Cfg := cfg.L2Config
-	relayer, err := NewLayer2Relayer(context.Background(), l2Cli, db, l2Cfg.RelayerConfig, false)
+	relayer, err := NewLayer2Relayer(context.Background(), l2Cli, db, l2Cfg.RelayerConfig)
 	assert.NoError(t, err)

-	batchOrm := orm.NewBatch(db)
-	createBatch := func(rollupStatus types.RollupStatus, provingStatus types.ProvingStatus) string {
-		batch, err := batchOrm.InsertBatch(context.Background(), 0, 1, chunkHash1.Hex(), chunkHash2.Hex(), []*bridgeTypes.Chunk{chunk1, chunk2})
+	blockBatchOrm := orm.NewBlockBatch(db)
+	createBatch := func(rollupStatus types.RollupStatus, provingStatus types.ProvingStatus, index uint64) string {
+		batchData := genBatchData(t, index)
+		err = db.Transaction(func(tx *gorm.DB) error {
+			rowsAffected, dbTxErr := blockBatchOrm.InsertBlockBatchByBatchData(tx, batchData)
+			if dbTxErr != nil {
+				return dbTxErr
+			}
+			if rowsAffected != 1 {
+				dbTxErr = errors.New("the InsertBlockBatchByBatchData affected row is not 1")
+				return dbTxErr
+			}
+			return nil
+		})
 		assert.NoError(t, err)

-		err = batchOrm.UpdateRollupStatus(context.Background(), batch.Hash, rollupStatus)
+		batchHash := batchData.Hash().Hex()
+		err = blockBatchOrm.UpdateRollupStatus(context.Background(), batchHash, rollupStatus)
 		assert.NoError(t, err)

-		proof := &message.AggProof{
-			Proof:     []byte{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31},
-			FinalPair: []byte{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31},
-		}
-		err = batchOrm.UpdateProofByHash(context.Background(), batch.Hash, proof, 100)
+		tProof := []byte{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31}
+		tInstanceCommitments := []byte{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31}
+		err = blockBatchOrm.UpdateProofByHash(context.Background(), batchHash, tProof, tInstanceCommitments, 100)
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
-		err = batchOrm.UpdateProvingStatus(context.Background(), batch.Hash, provingStatus)
+		err = blockBatchOrm.UpdateProvingStatus(batchHash, provingStatus)
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
-		return batch.Hash
+		return batchHash
 	}

 	skipped := []string{
-		createBatch(types.RollupCommitted, types.ProvingTaskSkipped),
-		createBatch(types.RollupCommitted, types.ProvingTaskFailed),
+		createBatch(types.RollupCommitted, types.ProvingTaskSkipped, 1),
+		createBatch(types.RollupCommitted, types.ProvingTaskFailed, 2),
 	}

 	notSkipped := []string{
-		createBatch(types.RollupPending, types.ProvingTaskSkipped),
-		createBatch(types.RollupCommitting, types.ProvingTaskSkipped),
-		createBatch(types.RollupFinalizing, types.ProvingTaskSkipped),
-		createBatch(types.RollupFinalized, types.ProvingTaskSkipped),
-		createBatch(types.RollupPending, types.ProvingTaskFailed),
-		createBatch(types.RollupCommitting, types.ProvingTaskFailed),
-		createBatch(types.RollupFinalizing, types.ProvingTaskFailed),
-		createBatch(types.RollupFinalized, types.ProvingTaskFailed),
-		createBatch(types.RollupCommitted, types.ProvingTaskVerified),
+		createBatch(types.RollupPending, types.ProvingTaskSkipped, 3),
+		createBatch(types.RollupCommitting, types.ProvingTaskSkipped, 4),
+		createBatch(types.RollupFinalizing, types.ProvingTaskSkipped, 5),
+		createBatch(types.RollupFinalized, types.ProvingTaskSkipped, 6),
+		createBatch(types.RollupPending, types.ProvingTaskFailed, 7),
+		createBatch(types.RollupCommitting, types.ProvingTaskFailed, 8),
+		createBatch(types.RollupFinalizing, types.ProvingTaskFailed, 9),
+		createBatch(types.RollupFinalized, types.ProvingTaskFailed, 10),
+		createBatch(types.RollupCommitted, types.ProvingTaskVerified, 11),
 	}

 	relayer.ProcessCommittedBatches()

 	for _, id := range skipped {
-		statuses, err := batchOrm.GetRollupStatusByHashList(context.Background(), []string{id})
+		statuses, err := blockBatchOrm.GetRollupStatusByHashList([]string{id})
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
 		assert.Equal(t, 1, len(statuses))
 		assert.Equal(t, types.RollupFinalizationSkipped, statuses[0])
 	}

 	for _, id := range notSkipped {
-		statuses, err := batchOrm.GetRollupStatusByHashList(context.Background(), []string{id})
+		statuses, err := blockBatchOrm.GetRollupStatusByHashList([]string{id})
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
 		assert.Equal(t, 1, len(statuses))
 		assert.NotEqual(t, types.RollupFinalizationSkipped, statuses[0])
 	}
 }

-func testL2RelayerRollupConfirm(t *testing.T) {
+func testL2RelayerMsgConfirm(t *testing.T) {
 	db := setupL2RelayerDB(t)
 	defer bridgeUtils.CloseDB(db)
+	l2MessageOrm := orm.NewL2Message(db)
+	insertL2Messages := []orm.L2Message{
+		{MsgHash: "msg-1", Nonce: 0},
+		{MsgHash: "msg-2", Nonce: 1},
+	}
+	err := l2MessageOrm.SaveL2Messages(context.Background(), insertL2Messages)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)

 	// Create and set up the Layer2 Relayer.
 	l2Cfg := cfg.L2Config
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
 	defer cancel()
-	l2Relayer, err := NewLayer2Relayer(ctx, l2Cli, db, l2Cfg.RelayerConfig, false)
+	l2Relayer, err := NewLayer2Relayer(ctx, l2Cli, db, l2Cfg.RelayerConfig)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Simulate message confirmations.
+	l2Relayer.processingMessage.Store("msg-1", "msg-1")
+	l2Relayer.messageSender.SendConfirmation(&sender.Confirmation{
+		ID:           "msg-1",
+		IsSuccessful: true,
+	})
+	l2Relayer.processingMessage.Store("msg-2", "msg-2")
+	l2Relayer.messageSender.SendConfirmation(&sender.Confirmation{
+		ID:           "msg-2",
+		IsSuccessful: false,
+	})
+
+	// Check the database for the updated status using TryTimes.
+	assert.True(t, utils.TryTimes(5, func() bool {
+		fields1 := map[string]interface{}{"msg_hash": "msg-1"}
+		msg1, err1 := l2MessageOrm.GetL2Messages(fields1, nil, 0)
+		if len(msg1) != 1 {
+			return false
+		}
+		fields2 := map[string]interface{}{"msg_hash": "msg-2"}
+		msg2, err2 := l2MessageOrm.GetL2Messages(fields2, nil, 0)
+		if len(msg2) != 1 {
+			return false
+		}
+		return err1 == nil && types.MsgStatus(msg1[0].Status) == types.MsgConfirmed &&
+			err2 == nil && types.MsgStatus(msg2[0].Status) == types.MsgRelayFailed
+	}))
+}
+
+func testL2RelayerRollupConfirm(t *testing.T) {
+	db := setupL2RelayerDB(t)
+	defer bridgeUtils.CloseDB(db)
+
+	// Insert test data.
+	batches := make([]*bridgeTypes.BatchData, 6)
+	for i := 0; i < 6; i++ {
+		batches[i] = genBatchData(t, uint64(i))
+	}
+
+	blockBatchOrm := orm.NewBlockBatch(db)
+	err := db.Transaction(func(tx *gorm.DB) error {
+		for _, batch := range batches {
+			rowsAffected, dbTxErr := blockBatchOrm.InsertBlockBatchByBatchData(tx, batch)
+			if dbTxErr != nil {
+				return dbTxErr
+			}
+			if rowsAffected != 1 {
+				dbTxErr = errors.New("the InsertBlockBatchByBatchData affected row is not 1")
+				return dbTxErr
+			}
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Create and set up the Layer2 Relayer.
+	l2Cfg := cfg.L2Config
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	defer cancel()
+	l2Relayer, err := NewLayer2Relayer(ctx, l2Cli, db, l2Cfg.RelayerConfig)
 	assert.NoError(t, err)

 	// Simulate message confirmations.
 	processingKeys := []string{"committed-1", "committed-2", "finalized-1", "finalized-2"}
 	isSuccessful := []bool{true, false, true, false}

-	batchOrm := orm.NewBatch(db)
-	batchHashes := make([]string, len(processingKeys))
-	for i := range batchHashes {
-		batch, err := batchOrm.InsertBatch(context.Background(), 0, 1, chunkHash1.Hex(), chunkHash2.Hex(), []*bridgeTypes.Chunk{chunk1, chunk2})
-		assert.NoError(t, err)
-		batchHashes[i] = batch.Hash
-	}
-
 	for i, key := range processingKeys[:2] {
-		l2Relayer.processingCommitment.Store(key, batchHashes[i])
-		l2Relayer.rollupSender.SendConfirmation(&sender.Confirmation{
+		batchHashes := []string{batches[i*2].Hash().Hex(), batches[i*2+1].Hash().Hex()}
+		l2Relayer.processingBatchesCommitment.Store(key, batchHashes)
+		l2Relayer.messageSender.SendConfirmation(&sender.Confirmation{
 			ID:           key,
 			IsSuccessful: isSuccessful[i],
-			TxHash:       common.HexToHash("0x123456789abcdef"),
 		})
 	}

 	for i, key := range processingKeys[2:] {
-		l2Relayer.processingFinalization.Store(key, batchHashes[i+2])
+		batchHash := batches[i+4].Hash().Hex()
+		l2Relayer.processingFinalization.Store(key, batchHash)
 		l2Relayer.rollupSender.SendConfirmation(&sender.Confirmation{
 			ID:           key,
 			IsSuccessful: isSuccessful[i+2],
-			TxHash:       common.HexToHash("0x123456789abcdef"),
+			TxHash:       common.HexToHash("0x56789abcdef1234"),
 		})
 	}

@@ -214,13 +349,15 @@ func testL2RelayerRollupConfirm(t *testing.T) {
 	ok := utils.TryTimes(5, func() bool {
 		expectedStatuses := []types.RollupStatus{
 			types.RollupCommitted,
+			types.RollupCommitted,
+			types.RollupCommitFailed,
 			types.RollupCommitFailed,
 			types.RollupFinalized,
 			types.RollupFinalizeFailed,
 		}

-		for i, batchHash := range batchHashes {
-			batchInDB, err := batchOrm.GetBatches(context.Background(), map[string]interface{}{"hash": batchHash}, nil, 0)
+		for i, batch := range batches[:6] {
+			batchInDB, err := blockBatchOrm.GetBlockBatches(map[string]interface{}{"hash": batch.Hash().Hex()}, nil, 0)
 			if err != nil || len(batchInDB) != 1 || types.RollupStatus(batchInDB[0].RollupStatus) != expectedStatuses[i] {
 				return false
 			}
@@ -234,42 +371,49 @@ func testL2RelayerGasOracleConfirm(t *testing.T) {
 	db := setupL2RelayerDB(t)
 	defer bridgeUtils.CloseDB(db)

-	batchOrm := orm.NewBatch(db)
-	batch1, err := batchOrm.InsertBatch(context.Background(), 0, 0, chunkHash1.Hex(), chunkHash1.Hex(), []*bridgeTypes.Chunk{chunk1})
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	// Insert test data.
+	batches := make([]*bridgeTypes.BatchData, 2)
+	for i := 0; i < 2; i++ {
+		batches[i] = genBatchData(t, uint64(i))
+	}

-	batch2, err := batchOrm.InsertBatch(context.Background(), 1, 1, chunkHash2.Hex(), chunkHash2.Hex(), []*bridgeTypes.Chunk{chunk2})
+	blockBatchOrm := orm.NewBlockBatch(db)
+	err := db.Transaction(func(tx *gorm.DB) error {
+		for _, batch := range batches {
+			rowsAffected, dbTxErr := blockBatchOrm.InsertBlockBatchByBatchData(tx, batch)
+			if dbTxErr != nil {
+				return dbTxErr
+			}
+			if rowsAffected != 1 {
+				dbTxErr = errors.New("the InsertBlockBatchByBatchData affected row is not 1")
+				return dbTxErr
+			}
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
 	assert.NoError(t, err)

 	// Create and set up the Layer2 Relayer.
 	l2Cfg := cfg.L2Config
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
 	defer cancel()
-	l2Relayer, err := NewLayer2Relayer(ctx, l2Cli, db, l2Cfg.RelayerConfig, false)
+	l2Relayer, err := NewLayer2Relayer(ctx, l2Cli, db, l2Cfg.RelayerConfig)
 	assert.NoError(t, err)

 	// Simulate message confirmations.
-	type BatchConfirmation struct {
-		batchHash    string
-		isSuccessful bool
-	}
-
-	confirmations := []BatchConfirmation{
-		{batchHash: batch1.Hash, isSuccessful: true},
-		{batchHash: batch2.Hash, isSuccessful: false},
-	}
-
-	for _, confirmation := range confirmations {
+	isSuccessful := []bool{true, false}
+	for i, batch := range batches {
 		l2Relayer.gasOracleSender.SendConfirmation(&sender.Confirmation{
-			ID:           confirmation.batchHash,
-			IsSuccessful: confirmation.isSuccessful,
+			ID:           batch.Hash().Hex(),
+			IsSuccessful: isSuccessful[i],
 		})
 	}
+
 	// Check the database for the updated status using TryTimes.
 	ok := utils.TryTimes(5, func() bool {
 		expectedStatuses := []types.GasOracleStatus{types.GasOracleImported, types.GasOracleFailed}
-		for i, confirmation := range confirmations {
-			gasOracle, err := batchOrm.GetBatches(context.Background(), map[string]interface{}{"hash": confirmation.batchHash}, nil, 0)
+		for i, batch := range batches {
+			gasOracle, err := blockBatchOrm.GetBlockBatches(map[string]interface{}{"hash": batch.Hash().Hex()}, nil, 0)
 			if err != nil || len(gasOracle) != 1 || types.GasOracleStatus(gasOracle[0].OracleStatus) != expectedStatuses[i] {
 				return false
 			}
@@ -279,27 +423,42 @@ func testL2RelayerGasOracleConfirm(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.True(t, ok)
 }

+func genBatchData(t *testing.T, index uint64) *bridgeTypes.BatchData {
+	templateBlockTrace, err := os.ReadFile("../../../testdata/blockTrace_02.json")
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	// unmarshal blockTrace
+	wrappedBlock := &bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock{}
+	err = json.Unmarshal(templateBlockTrace, wrappedBlock)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	wrappedBlock.Header.ParentHash = common.HexToHash("0x" + strconv.FormatUint(index+1, 16))
+	parentBatch := &bridgeTypes.BatchInfo{
+		Index: index,
+		Hash:  "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
+	}
+	return bridgeTypes.NewBatchData(parentBatch, []*bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock{wrappedBlock}, nil)
+}
+
 func testLayer2RelayerProcessGasPriceOracle(t *testing.T) {
 	db := setupL2RelayerDB(t)
 	defer bridgeUtils.CloseDB(db)

-	relayer, err := NewLayer2Relayer(context.Background(), l2Cli, db, cfg.L2Config.RelayerConfig, false)
+	relayer, err := NewLayer2Relayer(context.Background(), l2Cli, db, cfg.L2Config.RelayerConfig)
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.NotNil(t, relayer)

-	var batchOrm *orm.Batch
+	var blockBatchOrm *orm.BlockBatch
 	convey.Convey("Failed to GetLatestBatch", t, func() {
 		targetErr := errors.New("GetLatestBatch error")
-		patchGuard := gomonkey.ApplyMethodFunc(batchOrm, "GetLatestBatch", func(context.Context) (*orm.Batch, error) {
+		patchGuard := gomonkey.ApplyMethodFunc(blockBatchOrm, "GetLatestBatch", func() (*orm.BlockBatch, error) {
 			return nil, targetErr
 		})
 		defer patchGuard.Reset()
 		relayer.ProcessGasPriceOracle()
 	})

-	patchGuard := gomonkey.ApplyMethodFunc(batchOrm, "GetLatestBatch", func(context.Context) (*orm.Batch, error) {
-		batch := orm.Batch{
-			OracleStatus: int16(types.GasOraclePending),
+	patchGuard := gomonkey.ApplyMethodFunc(blockBatchOrm, "GetLatestBatch", func() (*orm.BlockBatch, error) {
+		batch := orm.BlockBatch{
+			OracleStatus: int(types.GasOraclePending),
 			Hash:         "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
 		}
 		return &batch, nil
@@ -344,14 +503,97 @@ func testLayer2RelayerProcessGasPriceOracle(t *testing.T) {

 	convey.Convey("UpdateGasOracleStatusAndOracleTxHash failed", t, func() {
 		targetErr := errors.New("UpdateL2GasOracleStatusAndOracleTxHash error")
-		patchGuard.ApplyMethodFunc(batchOrm, "UpdateL2GasOracleStatusAndOracleTxHash", func(ctx context.Context, hash string, status types.GasOracleStatus, txHash string) error {
+		patchGuard.ApplyMethodFunc(blockBatchOrm, "UpdateL2GasOracleStatusAndOracleTxHash", func(ctx context.Context, hash string, status types.GasOracleStatus, txHash string) error {
 			return targetErr
 		})
 		relayer.ProcessGasPriceOracle()
 	})

-	patchGuard.ApplyMethodFunc(batchOrm, "UpdateL2GasOracleStatusAndOracleTxHash", func(ctx context.Context, hash string, status types.GasOracleStatus, txHash string) error {
+	patchGuard.ApplyMethodFunc(blockBatchOrm, "UpdateL2GasOracleStatusAndOracleTxHash", func(ctx context.Context, hash string, status types.GasOracleStatus, txHash string) error {
 		return nil
 	})
 	relayer.ProcessGasPriceOracle()
 }
+
+func testLayer2RelayerSendCommitTx(t *testing.T) {
+	db := setupL2RelayerDB(t)
+	defer bridgeUtils.CloseDB(db)
+
+	relayer, err := NewLayer2Relayer(context.Background(), l2Cli, db, cfg.L2Config.RelayerConfig)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.NotNil(t, relayer)
+
+	var batchDataList []*bridgeTypes.BatchData
+	convey.Convey("SendCommitTx receives empty batch", t, func() {
+		err = relayer.SendCommitTx(batchDataList)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+	})
+
+	parentBatch := &bridgeTypes.BatchInfo{
+		Index: 0,
+		Hash:  "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
+	}
+
+	traces := []*bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock{
+		{
+			Header: &gethTypes.Header{
+				Number:     big.NewInt(1000),
+				ParentHash: common.Hash{},
+				Difficulty: big.NewInt(0),
+				BaseFee:    big.NewInt(0),
+			},
+			Transactions:     nil,
+			WithdrawTrieRoot: common.Hash{},
+		},
+	}
+
+	blocks := []*bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock{traces[0]}
+	tmpBatchData := bridgeTypes.NewBatchData(parentBatch, blocks, cfg.L2Config.BatchProposerConfig.PublicInputConfig)
+	batchDataList = append(batchDataList, tmpBatchData)
+
+	var s abi.ABI
+	convey.Convey("Failed to pack commitBatches", t, func() {
+		targetErr := errors.New("commitBatches error")
+		patchGuard := gomonkey.ApplyMethodFunc(s, "Pack", func(name string, args ...interface{}) ([]byte, error) {
+			return nil, targetErr
+		})
+		defer patchGuard.Reset()
+
+		err = relayer.SendCommitTx(batchDataList)
+		assert.EqualError(t, err, targetErr.Error())
+	})
+
+	patchGuard := gomonkey.ApplyMethodFunc(s, "Pack", func(name string, args ...interface{}) ([]byte, error) {
+		return nil, nil
+	})
+	defer patchGuard.Reset()
+
+	convey.Convey("Failed to send commitBatches tx to layer1", t, func() {
+		targetErr := errors.New("SendTransaction failure")
+		patchGuard.ApplyMethodFunc(relayer.rollupSender, "SendTransaction", func(ID string, target *common.Address, value *big.Int, data []byte, minGasLimit uint64) (hash common.Hash, err error) {
+			return common.Hash{}, targetErr
+		})
+		err = relayer.SendCommitTx(batchDataList)
+		assert.EqualError(t, err, targetErr.Error())
+	})
+
+	patchGuard.ApplyMethodFunc(relayer.rollupSender, "SendTransaction", func(ID string, target *common.Address, value *big.Int, data []byte, minGasLimit uint64) (hash common.Hash, err error) {
+		return common.HexToHash("0x56789abcdef1234"), nil
+	})
+
+	var blockBatchOrm *orm.BlockBatch
+	convey.Convey("UpdateCommitTxHashAndRollupStatus failed", t, func() {
+		targetErr := errors.New("UpdateCommitTxHashAndRollupStatus failure")
+		patchGuard.ApplyMethodFunc(blockBatchOrm, "UpdateCommitTxHashAndRollupStatus", func(ctx context.Context, hash string, commitTxHash string, status types.RollupStatus) error {
+			return targetErr
+		})
+		err = relayer.SendCommitTx(batchDataList)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+	})
+
+	patchGuard.ApplyMethodFunc(blockBatchOrm, "UpdateCommitTxHashAndRollupStatus", func(ctx context.Context, hash string, commitTxHash string, status types.RollupStatus) error {
+		return nil
+	})
+	err = relayer.SendCommitTx(batchDataList)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+}
--- a/bridge/internal/controller/relayer/relayer_test.go
+++ b/bridge/internal/controller/relayer/relayer_test.go
@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@ import (
 	"os"
 	"testing"

-	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/ethclient"
+	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/log"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"

 	"scroll-tech/common/docker"
@@ -24,20 +24,17 @@ var (
 	// l2geth client
 	l2Cli *ethclient.Client

-	// l2 block
+	// block trace
 	wrappedBlock1 *bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock
 	wrappedBlock2 *bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock

-	// chunk
-	chunk1     *bridgeTypes.Chunk
-	chunk2     *bridgeTypes.Chunk
-	chunkHash1 common.Hash
-	chunkHash2 common.Hash
+	// batch data
+	batchData1 *bridgeTypes.BatchData
+	batchData2 *bridgeTypes.BatchData
 )

-func setupEnv(t *testing.T) {
+func setupEnv(t *testing.T) (err error) {
 	// Load config.
-	var err error
 	cfg, err = config.NewConfig("../../../conf/config.json")
 	assert.NoError(t, err)

@@ -57,22 +54,40 @@ func setupEnv(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.NoError(t, err)

 	templateBlockTrace1, err := os.ReadFile("../../../testdata/blockTrace_02.json")
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	// unmarshal blockTrace
 	wrappedBlock1 = &bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock{}
-	err = json.Unmarshal(templateBlockTrace1, wrappedBlock1)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	chunk1 = &bridgeTypes.Chunk{Blocks: []*bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock{wrappedBlock1}}
-	chunkHash1, err = chunk1.Hash(0)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	if err = json.Unmarshal(templateBlockTrace1, wrappedBlock1); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	parentBatch1 := &bridgeTypes.BatchInfo{
+		Index:     0,
+		Hash:      "0x0cc6b102c2924402c14b2e3a19baccc316252bfdc44d9ec62e942d34e39ec729",
+		StateRoot: "0x2579122e8f9ec1e862e7d415cef2fb495d7698a8e5f0dddc5651ba4236336e7d",
+	}
+	batchData1 = bridgeTypes.NewBatchData(parentBatch1, []*bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock{wrappedBlock1}, nil)

 	templateBlockTrace2, err := os.ReadFile("../../../testdata/blockTrace_03.json")
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	// unmarshal blockTrace
 	wrappedBlock2 = &bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock{}
-	err = json.Unmarshal(templateBlockTrace2, wrappedBlock2)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	chunk2 = &bridgeTypes.Chunk{Blocks: []*bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock{wrappedBlock2}}
-	chunkHash2, err = chunk2.Hash(chunk1.NumL1Messages(0))
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	if err = json.Unmarshal(templateBlockTrace2, wrappedBlock2); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	parentBatch2 := &bridgeTypes.BatchInfo{
+		Index:     batchData1.Batch.BatchIndex,
+		Hash:      batchData1.Hash().Hex(),
+		StateRoot: batchData1.Batch.NewStateRoot.String(),
+	}
+	batchData2 = bridgeTypes.NewBatchData(parentBatch2, []*bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock{wrappedBlock2}, nil)
+
+	log.Info("batchHash", "batchhash1", batchData1.Hash().Hex(), "batchhash2", batchData2.Hash().Hex())
+
+	return err
 }

 func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
@@ -84,7 +99,9 @@ func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
 }

 func TestFunctions(t *testing.T) {
-	setupEnv(t)
+	if err := setupEnv(t); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
 	// Run l1 relayer test cases.
 	t.Run("TestCreateNewL1Relayer", testCreateNewL1Relayer)
 	t.Run("TestL1RelayerProcessSaveEvents", testL1RelayerProcessSaveEvents)
@@ -94,10 +111,12 @@ func TestFunctions(t *testing.T) {

 	// Run l2 relayer test cases.
 	t.Run("TestCreateNewRelayer", testCreateNewRelayer)
-	t.Run("TestL2RelayerProcessPendingBatches", testL2RelayerProcessPendingBatches)
+	t.Run("TestL2RelayerProcessSaveEvents", testL2RelayerProcessSaveEvents)
 	t.Run("TestL2RelayerProcessCommittedBatches", testL2RelayerProcessCommittedBatches)
 	t.Run("TestL2RelayerSkipBatches", testL2RelayerSkipBatches)
+	t.Run("TestL2RelayerMsgConfirm", testL2RelayerMsgConfirm)
 	t.Run("TestL2RelayerRollupConfirm", testL2RelayerRollupConfirm)
 	t.Run("TestL2RelayerGasOracleConfirm", testL2RelayerGasOracleConfirm)
 	t.Run("TestLayer2RelayerProcessGasPriceOracle", testLayer2RelayerProcessGasPriceOracle)
+	t.Run("TestLayer2RelayerSendCommitTx", testLayer2RelayerSendCommitTx)
 }
--- a/bridge/internal/controller/watcher/batch_proposer.go
+++ b/bridge/internal/controller/watcher/batch_proposer.go
@@ -3,169 +3,391 @@ package watcher
 import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
+	"math"
+	"sync"
 	"time"

 	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/log"
+	gethMetrics "github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/metrics"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"

+	"scroll-tech/common/metrics"
+	"scroll-tech/common/types"
+
+	bridgeAbi "scroll-tech/bridge/abi"
 	"scroll-tech/bridge/internal/config"
+	"scroll-tech/bridge/internal/controller/relayer"
 	"scroll-tech/bridge/internal/orm"
 	bridgeTypes "scroll-tech/bridge/internal/types"
 )

-// BatchProposer proposes batches based on available unbatched chunks.
+var (
+	bridgeL2BatchesGasOverThresholdTotalCounter = gethMetrics.NewRegisteredCounter("bridge/l2/batches/gas/over/threshold/total", metrics.ScrollRegistry)
+	bridgeL2BatchesTxsOverThresholdTotalCounter = gethMetrics.NewRegisteredCounter("bridge/l2/batches/txs/over/threshold/total", metrics.ScrollRegistry)
+	bridgeL2BatchesBlocksCreatedTotalCounter    = gethMetrics.NewRegisteredCounter("bridge/l2/batches/blocks/created/total", metrics.ScrollRegistry)
+	bridgeL2BatchesCommitsSentTotalCounter      = gethMetrics.NewRegisteredCounter("bridge/l2/batches/commits/sent/total", metrics.ScrollRegistry)
+	bridgeL2BatchesOversizedTotalCounter        = gethMetrics.NewRegisteredCounter("bridge/l2/batches/oversized/total", metrics.ScrollRegistry)
+	bridgeL2BatchesTxsCreatedPerBatchGauge      = gethMetrics.NewRegisteredGauge("bridge/l2/batches/txs/created/per/batch", metrics.ScrollRegistry)
+	bridgeL2BatchesGasCreatedPerBatchGauge      = gethMetrics.NewRegisteredGauge("bridge/l2/batches/gas/created/per/batch", metrics.ScrollRegistry)
+	bridgeL2BatchesPayloadSizePerBatchGauge     = gethMetrics.NewRegisteredGauge("bridge/l2/batches/payload/size/per/batch", metrics.ScrollRegistry)
+)
+
+// BatchProposer sends batches commit transactions to relayer.
 type BatchProposer struct {
-	ctx context.Context
-	db  *gorm.DB
+	mutex sync.Mutex
+	ctx   context.Context
+	db    *gorm.DB

-	batchOrm *orm.Batch
-	chunkOrm *orm.Chunk
-	l2Block  *orm.L2Block
+	batchTimeSec             uint64
+	batchGasThreshold        uint64
+	batchTxNumThreshold      uint64
+	batchBlocksLimit         uint64
+	batchCommitTimeSec       uint64
+	commitCalldataSizeLimit  uint64
+	batchDataBufferSizeLimit uint64
+	commitCalldataMinSize    uint64

-	maxChunkNumPerBatch             uint64
-	maxL1CommitGasPerBatch          uint64
-	maxL1CommitCalldataSizePerBatch uint64
-	minChunkNumPerBatch             uint64
-	batchTimeoutSec                 uint64
+	proofGenerationFreq uint64
+	batchDataBuffer     []*bridgeTypes.BatchData
+	relayer             *relayer.Layer2Relayer
+
+	blockBatchOrm *orm.BlockBatch
+	blockTraceOrm *orm.BlockTrace
+
+	piCfg *bridgeTypes.PublicInputHashConfig
 }

-// NewBatchProposer creates a new BatchProposer instance.
-func NewBatchProposer(ctx context.Context, cfg *config.BatchProposerConfig, db *gorm.DB) *BatchProposer {
-	return &BatchProposer{
-		ctx:                             ctx,
-		db:                              db,
-		batchOrm:                        orm.NewBatch(db),
-		chunkOrm:                        orm.NewChunk(db),
-		l2Block:                         orm.NewL2Block(db),
-		maxChunkNumPerBatch:             cfg.MaxChunkNumPerBatch,
-		maxL1CommitGasPerBatch:          cfg.MaxL1CommitGasPerBatch,
-		maxL1CommitCalldataSizePerBatch: cfg.MaxL1CommitCalldataSizePerBatch,
-		minChunkNumPerBatch:             cfg.MinChunkNumPerBatch,
-		batchTimeoutSec:                 cfg.BatchTimeoutSec,
+// NewBatchProposer will return a new instance of BatchProposer.
+func NewBatchProposer(ctx context.Context, cfg *config.BatchProposerConfig, relayer *relayer.Layer2Relayer, db *gorm.DB) *BatchProposer {
+	p := &BatchProposer{
+		mutex:                    sync.Mutex{},
+		ctx:                      ctx,
+		db:                       db,
+		blockBatchOrm:            orm.NewBlockBatch(db),
+		blockTraceOrm:            orm.NewBlockTrace(db),
+		batchTimeSec:             cfg.BatchTimeSec,
+		batchGasThreshold:        cfg.BatchGasThreshold,
+		batchTxNumThreshold:      cfg.BatchTxNumThreshold,
+		batchBlocksLimit:         cfg.BatchBlocksLimit,
+		batchCommitTimeSec:       cfg.BatchCommitTimeSec,
+		commitCalldataSizeLimit:  cfg.CommitTxCalldataSizeLimit,
+		commitCalldataMinSize:    cfg.CommitTxCalldataMinSize,
+		batchDataBufferSizeLimit: 100*cfg.CommitTxCalldataSizeLimit + 1*1024*1024, // @todo: determine the value.
+		proofGenerationFreq:      cfg.ProofGenerationFreq,
+		piCfg:                    cfg.PublicInputConfig,
+		relayer:                  relayer,
 	}
+
+	// for graceful restart.
+	p.recoverBatchDataBuffer()
+
+	// try to commit the leftover pending batches
+	p.TryCommitBatches()
+
+	return p
 }

-// TryProposeBatch tries to propose a new batches.
-func (p *BatchProposer) TryProposeBatch() {
-	dbChunks, err := p.proposeBatchChunks()
+func (p *BatchProposer) recoverBatchDataBuffer() {
+	// batches are sorted by batch index in increasing order
+	batchHashes, err := p.blockBatchOrm.GetBlockBatchesHashByRollupStatus(types.RollupPending, math.MaxInt32)
 	if err != nil {
-		log.Error("proposeBatchChunks failed", "err", err)
+		log.Crit("Failed to fetch pending L2 batches", "err", err)
+	}
+	if len(batchHashes) == 0 {
 		return
 	}
-	if err := p.updateBatchInfoInDB(dbChunks); err != nil {
-		log.Error("update batch info in db failed", "err", err)
+	log.Info("Load pending batches into batchDataBuffer")
+
+	// helper function to cache and get BlockBatch from DB
+	blockBatchCache := make(map[string]orm.BlockBatch)
+	getBlockBatch := func(batchHash string) (*orm.BlockBatch, error) {
+		if blockBatch, ok := blockBatchCache[batchHash]; ok {
+			return &blockBatch, nil
+		}
+		blockBatches, err := p.blockBatchOrm.GetBlockBatches(map[string]interface{}{"hash": batchHash}, nil, 0)
+		if err != nil || len(blockBatches) == 0 {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		blockBatchCache[batchHash] = blockBatches[0]
+		return &blockBatches[0], nil
+	}
+
+	// recover the in-memory batchData from DB
+	for _, batchHash := range batchHashes {
+		log.Info("recover batch data from pending batch", "batch_hash", batchHash)
+		blockBatch, err := getBlockBatch(batchHash)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Error("could not get BlockBatch", "batch_hash", batchHash, "error", err)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		parentBatch, err := getBlockBatch(blockBatch.ParentHash)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Error("could not get parent BlockBatch", "batch_hash", batchHash, "error", err)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		whereFileds := map[string]interface{}{
+			"batch_hash": batchHash,
+		}
+		orderByList := []string{
+			"number ASC",
+		}
+
+		blockTraces, err := p.blockTraceOrm.GetL2BlockInfos(whereFileds, orderByList, 0)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Error("could not GetL2BlockInfos", "batch_hash", batchHash, "error", err)
+			continue
+		}
+		if len(blockTraces) != int(blockBatch.EndBlockNumber-blockBatch.StartBlockNumber+1) {
+			log.Error("the number of block info retrieved from DB mistmatches the batch info in the DB",
+				"len(blockInfos)", len(blockTraces),
+				"expected", blockBatch.EndBlockNumber-blockBatch.StartBlockNumber+1)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		batchData, err := p.generateBatchData(parentBatch, blockTraces)
+		if err != nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		if batchData.Hash().Hex() != batchHash {
+			log.Error("the hash from recovered batch data mismatches the DB entry",
+				"recovered_batch_hash", batchData.Hash().Hex(),
+				"expected", batchHash)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		p.batchDataBuffer = append(p.batchDataBuffer, batchData)
 	}
 }

-func (p *BatchProposer) updateBatchInfoInDB(dbChunks []*orm.Chunk) error {
-	numChunks := len(dbChunks)
-	if numChunks <= 0 {
-		return nil
+// TryProposeBatch will try to propose a batch.
+func (p *BatchProposer) TryProposeBatch() {
+	p.mutex.Lock()
+	defer p.mutex.Unlock()
+
+	for p.getBatchDataBufferSize() < p.batchDataBufferSizeLimit {
+		orderBy := []string{"number ASC"}
+		blockTraces, err := p.blockTraceOrm.GetUnbatchedL2Blocks(map[string]interface{}{}, orderBy, int(p.batchBlocksLimit))
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Error("failed to get unbatched blocks", "err", err)
+			return
+		}
+
+		batchCreated := p.proposeBatch(blockTraces)
+
+		// while size of batchDataBuffer < commitCalldataMinSize,
+		// proposer keeps fetching and porposing batches.
+		if p.getBatchDataBufferSize() >= p.commitCalldataMinSize {
+			return
+		}
+
+		if !batchCreated {
+			// wait for watcher to insert l2 traces.
+			time.Sleep(time.Second)
+		}
 	}
-	chunks, err := p.dbChunksToBridgeChunks(dbChunks)
+}
+
+// TryCommitBatches will try to commit the pending batches.
+func (p *BatchProposer) TryCommitBatches() {
+	p.mutex.Lock()
+	defer p.mutex.Unlock()
+
+	if len(p.batchDataBuffer) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+
+	// estimate the calldata length to determine whether to commit the pending batches
+	index := 0
+	commit := false
+	calldataByteLen := uint64(0)
+	for ; index < len(p.batchDataBuffer); index++ {
+		calldataByteLen += bridgeAbi.GetBatchCalldataLength(&p.batchDataBuffer[index].Batch)
+		if calldataByteLen > p.commitCalldataSizeLimit {
+			commit = true
+			if index == 0 {
+				log.Warn(
+					"The calldata size of one batch is larger than the threshold",
+					"batch_hash", p.batchDataBuffer[0].Hash().Hex(),
+					"calldata_size", calldataByteLen,
+				)
+				index = 1
+			}
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	if !commit && p.batchDataBuffer[0].Timestamp()+p.batchCommitTimeSec > uint64(time.Now().Unix()) {
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Send commit tx for batchDataBuffer[0:index]
+	log.Info("Commit batches", "start_index", p.batchDataBuffer[0].Batch.BatchIndex,
+		"end_index", p.batchDataBuffer[index-1].Batch.BatchIndex)
+	err := p.relayer.SendCommitTx(p.batchDataBuffer[:index])
 	if err != nil {
+		// leave the retry to the next ticker
+		log.Error("SendCommitTx failed", "error", err)
+	} else {
+		// pop the processed batches from the buffer
+		bridgeL2BatchesCommitsSentTotalCounter.Inc(1)
+		p.batchDataBuffer = p.batchDataBuffer[index:]
+	}
+}
+
+func (p *BatchProposer) proposeBatch(blockTraces []orm.BlockTrace) bool {
+	if len(blockTraces) == 0 {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	approximatePayloadSize := func(hash string) (uint64, error) {
+		traces, err := p.blockTraceOrm.GetL2WrappedBlocks(map[string]interface{}{"hash": hash})
+		if err != nil {
+			return 0, err
+		}
+		if len(traces) != 1 {
+			return 0, fmt.Errorf("unexpected traces length, expected = 1, actual = %d", len(traces))
+		}
+		size := 0
+		for _, tx := range traces[0].Transactions {
+			size += len(tx.Data)
+		}
+		return uint64(size), nil
+	}
+
+	firstSize, err := approximatePayloadSize(blockTraces[0].Hash)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Error("failed to create batch", "number", blockTraces[0].Number, "err", err)
+		return false
+	}
+
+	if firstSize > p.commitCalldataSizeLimit {
+		log.Warn("oversized payload even for only 1 block", "height", blockTraces[0].Number, "size", firstSize)
+		// note: we should probably fail here once we can ensure this will not happen
+		if err := p.createBatchForBlocks(blockTraces[:1]); err != nil {
+			log.Error("failed to create batch", "number", blockTraces[0].Number, "err", err)
+			return false
+		}
+		bridgeL2BatchesTxsCreatedPerBatchGauge.Update(int64(blockTraces[0].TxNum))
+		bridgeL2BatchesGasCreatedPerBatchGauge.Update(int64(blockTraces[0].GasUsed))
+		bridgeL2BatchesPayloadSizePerBatchGauge.Update(int64(firstSize))
+		bridgeL2BatchesBlocksCreatedTotalCounter.Inc(1)
+		bridgeL2BatchesOversizedTotalCounter.Inc(1)
+		return true
+	}
+
+	if blockTraces[0].GasUsed > p.batchGasThreshold {
+		bridgeL2BatchesGasOverThresholdTotalCounter.Inc(1)
+		log.Warn("gas overflow even for only 1 block", "height", blockTraces[0].Number, "gas", blockTraces[0].GasUsed)
+		if err := p.createBatchForBlocks(blockTraces[:1]); err != nil {
+			log.Error("failed to create batch", "number", blockTraces[0].Number, "err", err)
+		} else {
+			bridgeL2BatchesTxsCreatedPerBatchGauge.Update(int64(blockTraces[0].TxNum))
+			bridgeL2BatchesGasCreatedPerBatchGauge.Update(int64(blockTraces[0].GasUsed))
+			bridgeL2BatchesPayloadSizePerBatchGauge.Update(int64(firstSize))
+			bridgeL2BatchesBlocksCreatedTotalCounter.Inc(1)
+		}
+		return true
+	}
+
+	if blockTraces[0].TxNum > p.batchTxNumThreshold {
+		bridgeL2BatchesTxsOverThresholdTotalCounter.Inc(1)
+		log.Warn("too many txs even for only 1 block", "height", blockTraces[0].Number, "tx_num", blockTraces[0].TxNum)
+		if err := p.createBatchForBlocks(blockTraces[:1]); err != nil {
+			log.Error("failed to create batch", "number", blockTraces[0].Number, "err", err)
+		} else {
+			bridgeL2BatchesTxsCreatedPerBatchGauge.Update(int64(blockTraces[0].TxNum))
+			bridgeL2BatchesGasCreatedPerBatchGauge.Update(int64(blockTraces[0].GasUsed))
+			bridgeL2BatchesPayloadSizePerBatchGauge.Update(int64(firstSize))
+			bridgeL2BatchesBlocksCreatedTotalCounter.Inc(1)
+		}
+		return true
+	}
+
+	var gasUsed, txNum, payloadSize uint64
+	reachThreshold := false
+	// add blocks into batch until reach batchGasThreshold
+	for i, block := range blockTraces {
+		size, err := approximatePayloadSize(block.Hash)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Error("failed to create batch", "number", block.Number, "err", err)
+			return false
+		}
+
+		if (gasUsed+block.GasUsed > p.batchGasThreshold) || (txNum+block.TxNum > p.batchTxNumThreshold) || (payloadSize+size > p.commitCalldataSizeLimit) {
+			blockTraces = blockTraces[:i]
+			reachThreshold = true
+			break
+		}
+		gasUsed += block.GasUsed
+		txNum += block.TxNum
+		payloadSize += size
+	}
+
+	// if too few gas gathered, but we don't want to halt, we then check the first block in the batch:
+	// if it's not old enough we will skip proposing the batch,
+	// otherwise we will still propose a batch
+	if !reachThreshold && blockTraces[0].BlockTimestamp+p.batchTimeSec > uint64(time.Now().Unix()) {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	if err := p.createBatchForBlocks(blockTraces); err != nil {
+		log.Error("failed to create batch", "from", blockTraces[0].Number, "to", blockTraces[len(blockTraces)-1].Number, "err", err)
+	} else {
+		bridgeL2BatchesTxsCreatedPerBatchGauge.Update(int64(txNum))
+		bridgeL2BatchesGasCreatedPerBatchGauge.Update(int64(gasUsed))
+		bridgeL2BatchesPayloadSizePerBatchGauge.Update(int64(payloadSize))
+		bridgeL2BatchesBlocksCreatedTotalCounter.Inc(int64(len(blockTraces)))
+	}
+
+	return true
+}
+
+func (p *BatchProposer) createBatchForBlocks(blocks []orm.BlockTrace) error {
+	lastBatch, err := p.blockBatchOrm.GetLatestBatch()
+	if err != nil {
+		// We should not receive sql.ErrNoRows error. The DB should have the batch entry that contains the genesis block.
 		return err
 	}

-	startChunkIndex := dbChunks[0].Index
-	startChunkHash := dbChunks[0].Hash
-	endChunkIndex := dbChunks[numChunks-1].Index
-	endChunkHash := dbChunks[numChunks-1].Hash
-	err = p.db.Transaction(func(dbTX *gorm.DB) error {
-		batch, dbErr := p.batchOrm.InsertBatch(p.ctx, startChunkIndex, endChunkIndex, startChunkHash, endChunkHash, chunks, dbTX)
-		if dbErr != nil {
-			return dbErr
-		}
-		dbErr = p.chunkOrm.UpdateBatchHashInRange(p.ctx, startChunkIndex, endChunkIndex, batch.Hash, dbTX)
-		if dbErr != nil {
-			return dbErr
-		}
-		return nil
-	})
-	return err
-}
-
-func (p *BatchProposer) proposeBatchChunks() ([]*orm.Chunk, error) {
-	dbChunks, err := p.chunkOrm.GetUnbatchedChunks(p.ctx)
+	batchData, err := p.generateBatchData(lastBatch, blocks)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		log.Error("createBatchData failed", "error", err)
+		return err
 	}

-	if len(dbChunks) == 0 {
-		log.Warn("No Unbatched Chunks")
-		return nil, nil
+	if err := orm.AddBatchInfoToDB(p.db, batchData); err != nil {
+		log.Error("addBatchInfoToDB failed", "BatchHash", batchData.Hash(), "error", err)
+		return err
 	}

-	firstChunk := dbChunks[0]
-	totalL1CommitCalldataSize := firstChunk.TotalL1CommitCalldataSize
-	totalL1CommitGas := firstChunk.TotalL1CommitGas
-	var totalChunks uint64 = 1
-
-	// Check if the first chunk breaks hard limits.
-	// If so, it indicates there are bugs in chunk-proposer, manual fix is needed.
-	if totalL1CommitGas > p.maxL1CommitGasPerBatch {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf(
-			"the first chunk exceeds l1 commit gas limit; start block number: %v, end block number: %v, commit gas: %v, max commit gas limit: %v",
-			firstChunk.StartBlockNumber,
-			firstChunk.EndBlockNumber,
-			totalL1CommitGas,
-			p.maxL1CommitGasPerBatch,
-		)
-	}
-
-	if totalL1CommitCalldataSize > p.maxL1CommitCalldataSizePerBatch {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf(
-			"the first chunk exceeds l1 commit calldata size limit; start block number: %v, end block number %v, calldata size: %v, max calldata size limit: %v",
-			firstChunk.StartBlockNumber,
-			firstChunk.EndBlockNumber,
-			totalL1CommitCalldataSize,
-			p.maxL1CommitCalldataSizePerBatch,
-		)
-	}
-
-	for i, chunk := range dbChunks[1:] {
-		totalChunks++
-		totalL1CommitCalldataSize += chunk.TotalL1CommitCalldataSize
-		totalL1CommitGas += chunk.TotalL1CommitGas
-		if totalChunks > p.maxChunkNumPerBatch ||
-			totalL1CommitCalldataSize > p.maxL1CommitCalldataSizePerBatch ||
-			totalL1CommitGas > p.maxL1CommitGasPerBatch {
-			return dbChunks[:i+1], nil
-		}
-	}
-
-	var hasChunkTimeout bool
-	currentTimeSec := uint64(time.Now().Unix())
-	if dbChunks[0].StartBlockTime+p.batchTimeoutSec < currentTimeSec {
-		log.Warn("first block timeout",
-			"start block number", dbChunks[0].StartBlockNumber,
-			"first block timestamp", dbChunks[0].StartBlockTime,
-			"chunk outdated time threshold", currentTimeSec,
-		)
-		hasChunkTimeout = true
-	}
-
-	if !hasChunkTimeout && uint64(len(dbChunks)) < p.minChunkNumPerBatch {
-		log.Warn("The payload size of the batch is less than the minimum limit",
-			"chunk num", len(dbChunks), "minChunkNumPerBatch", p.minChunkNumPerBatch,
-		)
-		return nil, nil
-	}
-	return dbChunks, nil
+	p.batchDataBuffer = append(p.batchDataBuffer, batchData)
+	return nil
 }

-func (p *BatchProposer) dbChunksToBridgeChunks(dbChunks []*orm.Chunk) ([]*bridgeTypes.Chunk, error) {
-	chunks := make([]*bridgeTypes.Chunk, len(dbChunks))
-	for i, c := range dbChunks {
-		wrappedBlocks, err := p.l2Block.GetL2BlocksInRange(p.ctx, c.StartBlockNumber, c.EndBlockNumber)
-		if err != nil {
-			log.Error("Failed to fetch wrapped blocks",
-				"start number", c.StartBlockNumber, "end number", c.EndBlockNumber, "error", err)
+func (p *BatchProposer) generateBatchData(parentBatch *orm.BlockBatch, blocks []orm.BlockTrace) (*bridgeTypes.BatchData, error) {
+	var wrappedBlocks []*bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock
+	for _, block := range blocks {
+		trs, err := p.blockTraceOrm.GetL2WrappedBlocks(map[string]interface{}{"hash": block.Hash})
+		if err != nil || len(trs) != 1 {
+			log.Error("Failed to GetBlockTraces", "hash", block.Hash, "err", err)
 			return nil, err
 		}
-		chunks[i] = &bridgeTypes.Chunk{
-			Blocks: wrappedBlocks,
-		}
+
+		wrappedBlocks = append(wrappedBlocks, trs[0])
 	}
-	return chunks, nil
+
+	parentBatchInfo := bridgeTypes.BatchInfo{
+		Index:     parentBatch.Index,
+		Hash:      parentBatch.Hash,
+		StateRoot: parentBatch.StateRoot,
+	}
+	return bridgeTypes.NewBatchData(&parentBatchInfo, wrappedBlocks, p.piCfg), nil
+}
+
+func (p *BatchProposer) getBatchDataBufferSize() (size uint64) {
+	for _, batchData := range p.batchDataBuffer {
+		size += bridgeAbi.GetBatchCalldataLength(&batchData.Batch)
+	}
+	return
 }
--- a/bridge/internal/controller/watcher/batch_proposer_test.go
+++ b/bridge/internal/controller/watcher/batch_proposer_test.go
@@ -2,71 +2,205 @@ package watcher

 import (
 	"context"
+	"math"
+	"strings"
 	"testing"
+	"time"

+	"github.com/agiledragon/gomonkey/v2"
+	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/common"
+	gethTtypes "github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/core/types"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"gorm.io/gorm"

 	"scroll-tech/common/types"

 	"scroll-tech/bridge/internal/config"
+	"scroll-tech/bridge/internal/controller/relayer"
 	"scroll-tech/bridge/internal/orm"
 	bridgeTypes "scroll-tech/bridge/internal/types"
-	"scroll-tech/bridge/internal/utils"
+	bridgeUtils "scroll-tech/bridge/internal/utils"
 )

-// TODO: Add unit tests that the limits are enforced correctly.
-func testBatchProposer(t *testing.T) {
+func testBatchProposerProposeBatch(t *testing.T) {
 	db := setupDB(t)
-	defer utils.CloseDB(db)
+	defer bridgeUtils.CloseDB(db)

-	l2BlockOrm := orm.NewL2Block(db)
-	err := l2BlockOrm.InsertL2Blocks(context.Background(), []*bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock{wrappedBlock1, wrappedBlock2})
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	p := &BatchProposer{
+		batchGasThreshold:       1000,
+		batchTxNumThreshold:     10,
+		batchTimeSec:            300,
+		commitCalldataSizeLimit: 500,
+	}

-	cp := NewChunkProposer(context.Background(), &config.ChunkProposerConfig{
-		MaxTxGasPerChunk:                1000000000,
-		MaxL2TxNumPerChunk:              10000,
-		MaxL1CommitGasPerChunk:          50000000000,
-		MaxL1CommitCalldataSizePerChunk: 1000000,
-		MinL1CommitCalldataSizePerChunk: 0,
-		ChunkTimeoutSec:                 300,
-	}, db)
-	cp.TryProposeChunk()
+	var blockTrace *orm.BlockTrace
+	patchGuard := gomonkey.ApplyMethodFunc(blockTrace, "GetL2WrappedBlocks", func(fields map[string]interface{}) ([]*bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock, error) {
+		hash, _ := fields["hash"].(string)
+		if hash == "blockWithLongData" {
+			longData := strings.Repeat("0", 1000)
+			return []*bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock{{
+				Transactions: []*gethTtypes.TransactionData{{
+					Data: longData,
+				}},
+			}}, nil
+		}
+		return []*bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock{{
+			Transactions: []*gethTtypes.TransactionData{{
+				Data: "short",
+			}},
+		}}, nil
+	})
+	defer patchGuard.Reset()
+	patchGuard.ApplyPrivateMethod(p, "createBatchForBlocks", func(*BatchProposer, []*types.BlockInfo) error {
+		return nil
+	})

-	bp := NewBatchProposer(context.Background(), &config.BatchProposerConfig{
-		MaxChunkNumPerBatch:             10,
-		MaxL1CommitGasPerBatch:          50000000000,
-		MaxL1CommitCalldataSizePerBatch: 1000000,
-		MinChunkNumPerBatch:             1,
-		BatchTimeoutSec:                 300,
-	}, db)
-	bp.TryProposeBatch()
+	block1 := orm.BlockTrace{Number: 1, GasUsed: 100, TxNum: 1, BlockTimestamp: uint64(time.Now().Unix()) - 200}
+	block2 := orm.BlockTrace{Number: 2, GasUsed: 200, TxNum: 2, BlockTimestamp: uint64(time.Now().Unix())}
+	block3 := orm.BlockTrace{Number: 3, GasUsed: 300, TxNum: 11, BlockTimestamp: uint64(time.Now().Unix())}
+	block4 := orm.BlockTrace{Number: 4, GasUsed: 1001, TxNum: 3, BlockTimestamp: uint64(time.Now().Unix())}
+	blockOutdated := orm.BlockTrace{Number: 1, GasUsed: 100, TxNum: 1, BlockTimestamp: uint64(time.Now().Add(-400 * time.Second).Unix())}
+	blockWithLongData := orm.BlockTrace{Hash: "blockWithLongData", Number: 5, GasUsed: 500, TxNum: 1, BlockTimestamp: uint64(time.Now().Unix())}

-	chunkOrm := orm.NewChunk(db)
-	chunks, err := chunkOrm.GetUnbatchedChunks(context.Background())
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Empty(t, chunks)
+	testCases := []struct {
+		description string
+		blocks      []orm.BlockTrace
+		expectedRes bool
+	}{
+		{"Empty block list", []orm.BlockTrace{}, false},
+		{"Single block exceeding gas threshold", []orm.BlockTrace{block4}, true},
+		{"Single block exceeding transaction number threshold", []orm.BlockTrace{block3}, true},
+		{"Multiple blocks meeting thresholds", []orm.BlockTrace{block1, block2, block3}, true},
+		{"Multiple blocks not meeting thresholds", []orm.BlockTrace{block1, block2}, false},
+		{"Outdated and valid block", []orm.BlockTrace{blockOutdated, block2}, true},
+		{"Single block with long data", []orm.BlockTrace{blockWithLongData}, true},
+	}

-	batchOrm := orm.NewBatch(db)
-	// get all batches.
-	batches, err := batchOrm.GetBatches(context.Background(), map[string]interface{}{}, []string{}, 0)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Len(t, batches, 1)
-	assert.Equal(t, uint64(0), batches[0].StartChunkIndex)
-	assert.Equal(t, uint64(0), batches[0].EndChunkIndex)
-	assert.Equal(t, types.RollupPending, types.RollupStatus(batches[0].RollupStatus))
-	assert.Equal(t, types.ProvingTaskUnassigned, types.ProvingStatus(batches[0].ProvingStatus))
-
-	dbChunks, err := chunkOrm.GetChunksInRange(context.Background(), 0, 0)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Len(t, batches, 1)
-	assert.Equal(t, batches[0].Hash, dbChunks[0].BatchHash)
-	assert.Equal(t, types.ProvingTaskUnassigned, types.ProvingStatus(dbChunks[0].ProvingStatus))
-
-	blockOrm := orm.NewL2Block(db)
-	blocks, err := blockOrm.GetL2Blocks(context.Background(), map[string]interface{}{}, []string{}, 0)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Len(t, blocks, 2)
-	assert.Equal(t, dbChunks[0].Hash, blocks[0].ChunkHash)
-	assert.Equal(t, dbChunks[0].Hash, blocks[1].ChunkHash)
+	for _, tc := range testCases {
+		t.Run(tc.description, func(t *testing.T) {
+			assert.Equal(t, tc.expectedRes, p.proposeBatch(tc.blocks), "Failed on: %s", tc.description)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func testBatchProposerBatchGeneration(t *testing.T) {
+	db := setupDB(t)
+	subCtx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	defer func() {
+		bridgeUtils.CloseDB(db)
+		cancel()
+	}()
+	blockTraceOrm := orm.NewBlockTrace(db)
+	// Insert traces into db.
+	assert.NoError(t, blockTraceOrm.InsertWrappedBlocks([]*bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock{wrappedBlock1}))
+
+	l2cfg := cfg.L2Config
+	wc := NewL2WatcherClient(context.Background(), l2Cli, l2cfg.Confirmations, l2cfg.L2MessengerAddress, l2cfg.L2MessageQueueAddress, l2cfg.WithdrawTrieRootSlot, db)
+	loopToFetchEvent(subCtx, wc)
+
+	blockBatchOrm := orm.NewBlockBatch(db)
+	batch, err := blockBatchOrm.GetLatestBatch()
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Create a new batch.
+	batchData := bridgeTypes.NewBatchData(&bridgeTypes.BatchInfo{
+		Index:     0,
+		Hash:      batch.Hash,
+		StateRoot: batch.StateRoot,
+	}, []*bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock{wrappedBlock1}, nil)
+
+	relayer, err := relayer.NewLayer2Relayer(context.Background(), l2Cli, db, cfg.L2Config.RelayerConfig)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	proposer := NewBatchProposer(context.Background(), &config.BatchProposerConfig{
+		ProofGenerationFreq: 1,
+		BatchGasThreshold:   3000000,
+		BatchTxNumThreshold: 135,
+		BatchTimeSec:        1,
+		BatchBlocksLimit:    100,
+	}, relayer, db)
+	proposer.TryProposeBatch()
+
+	infos, err := blockTraceOrm.GetUnbatchedL2Blocks(map[string]interface{}{}, []string{"number ASC"}, 100)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, len(infos))
+
+	batches, err := blockBatchOrm.GetBlockBatches(map[string]interface{}{"hash": batchData.Hash().Hex()}, nil, 1)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, 1, len(batches))
+}
+
+func testBatchProposerGracefulRestart(t *testing.T) {
+	db := setupDB(t)
+	defer bridgeUtils.CloseDB(db)
+
+	relayer, err := relayer.NewLayer2Relayer(context.Background(), l2Cli, db, cfg.L2Config.RelayerConfig)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	blockTraceOrm := orm.NewBlockTrace(db)
+	// Insert traces into db.
+	assert.NoError(t, blockTraceOrm.InsertWrappedBlocks([]*bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock{wrappedBlock2}))
+
+	// Insert block batch into db.
+	parentBatch1 := &bridgeTypes.BatchInfo{
+		Index:     0,
+		Hash:      common.Hash{}.String(),
+		StateRoot: common.Hash{}.String(),
+	}
+	batchData1 := bridgeTypes.NewBatchData(parentBatch1, []*bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock{wrappedBlock1}, nil)
+
+	parentBatch2 := &bridgeTypes.BatchInfo{
+		Index:     batchData1.Batch.BatchIndex,
+		Hash:      batchData1.Hash().Hex(),
+		StateRoot: batchData1.Batch.NewStateRoot.String(),
+	}
+	batchData2 := bridgeTypes.NewBatchData(parentBatch2, []*bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock{wrappedBlock2}, nil)
+
+	blockBatchOrm := orm.NewBlockBatch(db)
+	err = db.Transaction(func(tx *gorm.DB) error {
+		_, dbTxErr := blockBatchOrm.InsertBlockBatchByBatchData(tx, batchData1)
+		if dbTxErr != nil {
+			return dbTxErr
+		}
+		_, dbTxErr = blockBatchOrm.InsertBlockBatchByBatchData(tx, batchData2)
+		if dbTxErr != nil {
+			return dbTxErr
+		}
+		numbers1 := []uint64{batchData1.Batch.Blocks[0].BlockNumber}
+		hash1 := batchData1.Hash().Hex()
+		dbTxErr = blockTraceOrm.UpdateBatchHashForL2Blocks(tx, numbers1, hash1)
+		if dbTxErr != nil {
+			return dbTxErr
+		}
+		numbers2 := []uint64{batchData2.Batch.Blocks[0].BlockNumber}
+		hash2 := batchData2.Hash().Hex()
+		dbTxErr = blockTraceOrm.UpdateBatchHashForL2Blocks(tx, numbers2, hash2)
+		if dbTxErr != nil {
+			return dbTxErr
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	err = blockBatchOrm.UpdateRollupStatus(context.Background(), batchData1.Hash().Hex(), types.RollupFinalized)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	batchHashes, err := blockBatchOrm.GetBlockBatchesHashByRollupStatus(types.RollupPending, math.MaxInt32)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, 1, len(batchHashes))
+	assert.Equal(t, batchData2.Hash().Hex(), batchHashes[0])
+	// test p.recoverBatchDataBuffer().
+	_ = NewBatchProposer(context.Background(), &config.BatchProposerConfig{
+		ProofGenerationFreq: 1,
+		BatchGasThreshold:   3000000,
+		BatchTxNumThreshold: 135,
+		BatchTimeSec:        1,
+		BatchBlocksLimit:    100,
+	}, relayer, db)
+
+	batchHashes, err = blockBatchOrm.GetBlockBatchesHashByRollupStatus(types.RollupPending, math.MaxInt32)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, len(batchHashes))
+
+	batches, err := blockBatchOrm.GetBlockBatches(map[string]interface{}{"hash": batchData2.Hash().Hex()}, nil, 1)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, 1, len(batches))
 }
--- a/bridge/internal/controller/watcher/chunk_proposer.go
+++ b/bridge/internal/controller/watcher/chunk_proposer.go
@@ -1,170 +0,0 @@
-package watcher
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"fmt"
-	"time"
-
-	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/log"
-	"gorm.io/gorm"
-
-	"scroll-tech/bridge/internal/config"
-	"scroll-tech/bridge/internal/orm"
-	bridgeTypes "scroll-tech/bridge/internal/types"
-)
-
-// ChunkProposer proposes chunks based on available unchunked blocks.
-type ChunkProposer struct {
-	ctx context.Context
-	db  *gorm.DB
-
-	chunkOrm   *orm.Chunk
-	l2BlockOrm *orm.L2Block
-
-	maxTxGasPerChunk                uint64
-	maxL2TxNumPerChunk              uint64
-	maxL1CommitGasPerChunk          uint64
-	maxL1CommitCalldataSizePerChunk uint64
-	minL1CommitCalldataSizePerChunk uint64
-	chunkTimeoutSec                 uint64
-}
-
-// NewChunkProposer creates a new ChunkProposer instance.
-func NewChunkProposer(ctx context.Context, cfg *config.ChunkProposerConfig, db *gorm.DB) *ChunkProposer {
-	return &ChunkProposer{
-		ctx:                             ctx,
-		db:                              db,
-		chunkOrm:                        orm.NewChunk(db),
-		l2BlockOrm:                      orm.NewL2Block(db),
-		maxTxGasPerChunk:                cfg.MaxTxGasPerChunk,
-		maxL2TxNumPerChunk:              cfg.MaxL2TxNumPerChunk,
-		maxL1CommitGasPerChunk:          cfg.MaxL1CommitGasPerChunk,
-		maxL1CommitCalldataSizePerChunk: cfg.MaxL1CommitCalldataSizePerChunk,
-		minL1CommitCalldataSizePerChunk: cfg.MinL1CommitCalldataSizePerChunk,
-		chunkTimeoutSec:                 cfg.ChunkTimeoutSec,
-	}
-}
-
-// TryProposeChunk tries to propose a new chunk.
-func (p *ChunkProposer) TryProposeChunk() {
-	proposedChunk, err := p.proposeChunk()
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Error("propose new chunk failed", "err", err)
-		return
-	}
-
-	if err := p.updateChunkInfoInDB(proposedChunk); err != nil {
-		log.Error("update chunk info in orm failed", "err", err)
-	}
-}
-
-func (p *ChunkProposer) updateChunkInfoInDB(chunk *bridgeTypes.Chunk) error {
-	if chunk == nil {
-		log.Warn("proposed chunk is nil, cannot update in DB")
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	err := p.db.Transaction(func(dbTX *gorm.DB) error {
-		dbChunk, err := p.chunkOrm.InsertChunk(p.ctx, chunk, dbTX)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		if err := p.l2BlockOrm.UpdateChunkHashInRange(p.ctx, dbChunk.StartBlockNumber, dbChunk.EndBlockNumber, dbChunk.Hash, dbTX); err != nil {
-			log.Error("failed to update chunk_hash for l2_blocks", "chunk hash", chunk.Hash, "start block", 0, "end block", 0, "err", err)
-			return err
-		}
-		return nil
-	})
-	return err
-}
-
-func (p *ChunkProposer) proposeChunk() (*bridgeTypes.Chunk, error) {
-	blocks, err := p.l2BlockOrm.GetUnchunkedBlocks(p.ctx)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	if len(blocks) == 0 {
-		log.Warn("no un-chunked blocks")
-		return nil, nil
-	}
-
-	firstBlock := blocks[0]
-	totalTxGasUsed := firstBlock.Header.GasUsed
-	totalL2TxNum := firstBlock.L2TxsNum()
-	totalL1CommitCalldataSize := firstBlock.EstimateL1CommitCalldataSize()
-	totalL1CommitGas := firstBlock.EstimateL1CommitGas()
-
-	// Check if the first block breaks hard limits.
-	// If so, it indicates there are bugs in sequencer, manual fix is needed.
-	if totalL2TxNum > p.maxL2TxNumPerChunk {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf(
-			"the first block exceeds l2 tx number limit; block number: %v, number of transactions: %v, max transaction number limit: %v",
-			firstBlock.Header.Number,
-			totalL2TxNum,
-			p.maxL2TxNumPerChunk,
-		)
-	}
-
-	if totalL1CommitGas > p.maxL1CommitGasPerChunk {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf(
-			"the first block exceeds l1 commit gas limit; block number: %v, commit gas: %v, max commit gas limit: %v",
-			firstBlock.Header.Number,
-			totalL1CommitGas,
-			p.maxL1CommitGasPerChunk,
-		)
-	}
-
-	if totalL1CommitCalldataSize > p.maxL1CommitCalldataSizePerChunk {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf(
-			"the first block exceeds l1 commit calldata size limit; block number: %v, calldata size: %v, max calldata size limit: %v",
-			firstBlock.Header.Number,
-			totalL1CommitCalldataSize,
-			p.maxL1CommitCalldataSizePerChunk,
-		)
-	}
-
-	// Check if the first block breaks any soft limits.
-	if totalTxGasUsed > p.maxTxGasPerChunk {
-		log.Warn(
-			"The first block in chunk exceeds l2 tx gas limit",
-			"block number", firstBlock.Header.Number,
-			"gas used", totalTxGasUsed,
-			"max gas limit", p.maxTxGasPerChunk,
-		)
-	}
-
-	for i, block := range blocks[1:] {
-		totalTxGasUsed += block.Header.GasUsed
-		totalL2TxNum += block.L2TxsNum()
-		totalL1CommitCalldataSize += block.EstimateL1CommitCalldataSize()
-		totalL1CommitGas += block.EstimateL1CommitGas()
-		if totalTxGasUsed > p.maxTxGasPerChunk ||
-			totalL2TxNum > p.maxL2TxNumPerChunk ||
-			totalL1CommitCalldataSize > p.maxL1CommitCalldataSizePerChunk ||
-			totalL1CommitGas > p.maxL1CommitGasPerChunk {
-			blocks = blocks[:i+1]
-			break
-		}
-	}
-
-	var hasBlockTimeout bool
-	currentTimeSec := uint64(time.Now().Unix())
-	if blocks[0].Header.Time+p.chunkTimeoutSec < currentTimeSec {
-		log.Warn("first block timeout",
-			"block number", blocks[0].Header.Number,
-			"block timestamp", blocks[0].Header.Time,
-			"block outdated time threshold", currentTimeSec,
-		)
-		hasBlockTimeout = true
-	}
-
-	if !hasBlockTimeout && totalL1CommitCalldataSize < p.minL1CommitCalldataSizePerChunk {
-		log.Warn("The calldata size of the chunk is less than the minimum limit",
-			"totalL1CommitCalldataSize", totalL1CommitCalldataSize,
-			"minL1CommitCalldataSizePerChunk", p.minL1CommitCalldataSizePerChunk,
-		)
-		return nil, nil
-	}
-	return &bridgeTypes.Chunk{Blocks: blocks}, nil
-}
--- a/bridge/internal/controller/watcher/chunk_proposer_test.go
+++ b/bridge/internal/controller/watcher/chunk_proposer_test.go
@@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
-package watcher
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
-
-	"scroll-tech/bridge/internal/config"
-	"scroll-tech/bridge/internal/orm"
-	bridgeTypes "scroll-tech/bridge/internal/types"
-	"scroll-tech/bridge/internal/utils"
-)
-
-// TODO: Add unit tests that the limits are enforced correctly.
-func testChunkProposer(t *testing.T) {
-	db := setupDB(t)
-	defer utils.CloseDB(db)
-
-	l2BlockOrm := orm.NewL2Block(db)
-	err := l2BlockOrm.InsertL2Blocks(context.Background(), []*bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock{wrappedBlock1, wrappedBlock2})
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-
-	cp := NewChunkProposer(context.Background(), &config.ChunkProposerConfig{
-		MaxTxGasPerChunk:                1000000000,
-		MaxL2TxNumPerChunk:              10000,
-		MaxL1CommitGasPerChunk:          50000000000,
-		MaxL1CommitCalldataSizePerChunk: 1000000,
-		MinL1CommitCalldataSizePerChunk: 0,
-		ChunkTimeoutSec:                 300,
-	}, db)
-	cp.TryProposeChunk()
-
-	expectedChunk := &bridgeTypes.Chunk{
-		Blocks: []*bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock{wrappedBlock1, wrappedBlock2},
-	}
-	expectedHash, err := expectedChunk.Hash(0)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-
-	chunkOrm := orm.NewChunk(db)
-	chunks, err := chunkOrm.GetUnbatchedChunks(context.Background())
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Len(t, chunks, 1)
-	assert.Equal(t, expectedHash.Hex(), chunks[0].Hash)
-}
--- a/bridge/internal/controller/watcher/l1_watcher.go
+++ b/bridge/internal/controller/watcher/l1_watcher.go
@@ -24,9 +24,10 @@ import (
 )

 var (
-	bridgeL1MsgsSyncHeightGauge          = gethMetrics.NewRegisteredGauge("bridge/l1/msgs/sync/height", metrics.ScrollRegistry)
-	bridgeL1MsgsSentEventsTotalCounter   = gethMetrics.NewRegisteredCounter("bridge/l1/msgs/sent/events/total", metrics.ScrollRegistry)
-	bridgeL1MsgsRollupEventsTotalCounter = gethMetrics.NewRegisteredCounter("bridge/l1/msgs/rollup/events/total", metrics.ScrollRegistry)
+	bridgeL1MsgsSyncHeightGauge           = gethMetrics.NewRegisteredGauge("bridge/l1/msgs/sync/height", metrics.ScrollRegistry)
+	bridgeL1MsgsSentEventsTotalCounter    = gethMetrics.NewRegisteredCounter("bridge/l1/msgs/sent/events/total", metrics.ScrollRegistry)
+	bridgeL1MsgsRelayedEventsTotalCounter = gethMetrics.NewRegisteredCounter("bridge/l1/msgs/relayed/events/total", metrics.ScrollRegistry)
+	bridgeL1MsgsRollupEventsTotalCounter  = gethMetrics.NewRegisteredCounter("bridge/l1/msgs/rollup/events/total", metrics.ScrollRegistry)
 )

 type rollupEvent struct {
@@ -40,8 +41,9 @@ type L1WatcherClient struct {
 	ctx          context.Context
 	client       *ethclient.Client
 	l1MessageOrm *orm.L1Message
+	l2MessageOrm *orm.L2Message
 	l1BlockOrm   *orm.L1Block
-	batchOrm     *orm.Batch
+	l1BatchOrm   *orm.BlockBatch

 	// The number of new blocks to wait for a block to be confirmed
 	confirmations rpc.BlockNumber
@@ -88,7 +90,8 @@ func NewL1WatcherClient(ctx context.Context, client *ethclient.Client, startHeig
 		client:        client,
 		l1MessageOrm:  l1MessageOrm,
 		l1BlockOrm:    l1BlockOrm,
-		batchOrm:      orm.NewBatch(db),
+		l1BatchOrm:    orm.NewBlockBatch(db),
+		l2MessageOrm:  orm.NewL2Message(db),
 		confirmations: confirmations,

 		messengerAddress: messengerAddress,
@@ -224,23 +227,25 @@ func (w *L1WatcherClient) FetchContractEvent() error {
 		}
 		log.Info("Received new L1 events", "fromBlock", from, "toBlock", to, "cnt", len(logs))

-		sentMessageEvents, rollupEvents, err := w.parseBridgeEventLogs(logs)
+		sentMessageEvents, relayedMessageEvents, rollupEvents, err := w.parseBridgeEventLogs(logs)
 		if err != nil {
 			log.Error("Failed to parse emitted events log", "err", err)
 			return err
 		}
 		sentMessageCount := int64(len(sentMessageEvents))
+		relayedMessageCount := int64(len(relayedMessageEvents))
 		rollupEventCount := int64(len(rollupEvents))
 		bridgeL1MsgsSentEventsTotalCounter.Inc(sentMessageCount)
+		bridgeL1MsgsRelayedEventsTotalCounter.Inc(relayedMessageCount)
 		bridgeL1MsgsRollupEventsTotalCounter.Inc(rollupEventCount)
-		log.Info("L1 events types", "SentMessageCount", sentMessageCount, "RollupEventCount", rollupEventCount)
+		log.Info("L1 events types", "SentMessageCount", sentMessageCount, "RelayedMessageCount", relayedMessageCount, "RollupEventCount", rollupEventCount)

 		// use rollup event to update rollup results db status
 		var batchHashes []string
 		for _, event := range rollupEvents {
 			batchHashes = append(batchHashes, event.batchHash.String())
 		}
-		statuses, err := w.batchOrm.GetRollupStatusByHashList(w.ctx, batchHashes)
+		statuses, err := w.l1BatchOrm.GetRollupStatusByHashList(batchHashes)
 		if err != nil {
 			log.Error("Failed to GetRollupStatusByHashList", "err", err)
 			return err
@@ -256,9 +261,9 @@ func (w *L1WatcherClient) FetchContractEvent() error {
 			// only update when db status is before event status
 			if event.status > status {
 				if event.status == types.RollupFinalized {
-					err = w.batchOrm.UpdateFinalizeTxHashAndRollupStatus(w.ctx, batchHash, event.txHash.String(), event.status)
+					err = w.l1BatchOrm.UpdateFinalizeTxHashAndRollupStatus(w.ctx, batchHash, event.txHash.String(), event.status)
 				} else if event.status == types.RollupCommitted {
-					err = w.batchOrm.UpdateCommitTxHashAndRollupStatus(w.ctx, batchHash, event.txHash.String(), event.status)
+					err = w.l1BatchOrm.UpdateCommitTxHashAndRollupStatus(w.ctx, batchHash, event.txHash.String(), event.status)
 				}
 				if err != nil {
 					log.Error("Failed to update Rollup/Finalize TxHash and Status", "err", err)
@@ -267,6 +272,21 @@ func (w *L1WatcherClient) FetchContractEvent() error {
 			}
 		}

+		// Update relayed message first to make sure we don't forget to update submitted message.
+		// Since, we always start sync from the latest unprocessed message.
+		for _, msg := range relayedMessageEvents {
+			var msgStatus types.MsgStatus
+			if msg.isSuccessful {
+				msgStatus = types.MsgConfirmed
+			} else {
+				msgStatus = types.MsgFailed
+			}
+			if err = w.l2MessageOrm.UpdateLayer2StatusAndLayer1Hash(w.ctx, msg.msgHash.String(), msgStatus, msg.txHash.String()); err != nil {
+				log.Error("Failed to update layer1 status and layer2 hash", "err", err)
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+
 		if err = w.l1MessageOrm.SaveL1Messages(w.ctx, sentMessageEvents); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -278,10 +298,11 @@ func (w *L1WatcherClient) FetchContractEvent() error {
 	return nil
 }

-func (w *L1WatcherClient) parseBridgeEventLogs(logs []gethTypes.Log) ([]*orm.L1Message, []rollupEvent, error) {
+func (w *L1WatcherClient) parseBridgeEventLogs(logs []gethTypes.Log) ([]*orm.L1Message, []relayedMessage, []rollupEvent, error) {
 	// Need use contract abi to parse event Log
 	// Can only be tested after we have our contracts set up
 	var l1Messages []*orm.L1Message
+	var relayedMessages []relayedMessage
 	var rollupEvents []rollupEvent
 	for _, vLog := range logs {
 		switch vLog.Topics[0] {
@@ -290,13 +311,13 @@ func (w *L1WatcherClient) parseBridgeEventLogs(logs []gethTypes.Log) ([]*orm.L1M
 			err := utils.UnpackLog(w.messageQueueABI, &event, "QueueTransaction", vLog)
 			if err != nil {
 				log.Warn("Failed to unpack layer1 QueueTransaction event", "err", err)
-				return l1Messages, rollupEvents, err
+				return l1Messages, relayedMessages, rollupEvents, err
 			}

 			msgHash := common.BytesToHash(crypto.Keccak256(event.Data))

 			l1Messages = append(l1Messages, &orm.L1Message{
-				QueueIndex: event.QueueIndex,
+				QueueIndex: event.QueueIndex.Uint64(),
 				MsgHash:    msgHash.String(),
 				Height:     vLog.BlockNumber,
 				Sender:     event.Sender.String(),
@@ -306,12 +327,38 @@ func (w *L1WatcherClient) parseBridgeEventLogs(logs []gethTypes.Log) ([]*orm.L1M
 				GasLimit:   event.GasLimit.Uint64(),
 				Layer1Hash: vLog.TxHash.Hex(),
 			})
+		case bridgeAbi.L1RelayedMessageEventSignature:
+			event := bridgeAbi.L1RelayedMessageEvent{}
+			err := utils.UnpackLog(w.messengerABI, &event, "RelayedMessage", vLog)
+			if err != nil {
+				log.Warn("Failed to unpack layer1 RelayedMessage event", "err", err)
+				return l1Messages, relayedMessages, rollupEvents, err
+			}
+
+			relayedMessages = append(relayedMessages, relayedMessage{
+				msgHash:      event.MessageHash,
+				txHash:       vLog.TxHash,
+				isSuccessful: true,
+			})
+		case bridgeAbi.L1FailedRelayedMessageEventSignature:
+			event := bridgeAbi.L1FailedRelayedMessageEvent{}
+			err := utils.UnpackLog(w.messengerABI, &event, "FailedRelayedMessage", vLog)
+			if err != nil {
+				log.Warn("Failed to unpack layer1 FailedRelayedMessage event", "err", err)
+				return l1Messages, relayedMessages, rollupEvents, err
+			}
+
+			relayedMessages = append(relayedMessages, relayedMessage{
+				msgHash:      event.MessageHash,
+				txHash:       vLog.TxHash,
+				isSuccessful: false,
+			})
 		case bridgeAbi.L1CommitBatchEventSignature:
 			event := bridgeAbi.L1CommitBatchEvent{}
 			err := utils.UnpackLog(w.scrollChainABI, &event, "CommitBatch", vLog)
 			if err != nil {
 				log.Warn("Failed to unpack layer1 CommitBatch event", "err", err)
-				return l1Messages, rollupEvents, err
+				return l1Messages, relayedMessages, rollupEvents, err
 			}

 			rollupEvents = append(rollupEvents, rollupEvent{
@@ -324,7 +371,7 @@ func (w *L1WatcherClient) parseBridgeEventLogs(logs []gethTypes.Log) ([]*orm.L1M
 			err := utils.UnpackLog(w.scrollChainABI, &event, "FinalizeBatch", vLog)
 			if err != nil {
 				log.Warn("Failed to unpack layer1 FinalizeBatch event", "err", err)
-				return l1Messages, rollupEvents, err
+				return l1Messages, relayedMessages, rollupEvents, err
 			}

 			rollupEvents = append(rollupEvents, rollupEvent{
@@ -337,5 +384,5 @@ func (w *L1WatcherClient) parseBridgeEventLogs(logs []gethTypes.Log) ([]*orm.L1M
 		}
 	}

-	return l1Messages, rollupEvents, nil
+	return l1Messages, relayedMessages, rollupEvents, nil
 }
--- a/bridge/internal/controller/watcher/l1_watcher_test.go
+++ b/bridge/internal/controller/watcher/l1_watcher_test.go
@@ -159,14 +159,14 @@ func testL1WatcherClientFetchContractEvent(t *testing.T) {

 	convey.Convey("parse bridge event logs failure", t, func() {
 		targetErr := errors.New("parse log failure")
-		patchGuard.ApplyPrivateMethod(watcher, "parseBridgeEventLogs", func(*L1WatcherClient, []types.Log) ([]*orm.L1Message, []rollupEvent, error) {
-			return nil, nil, targetErr
+		patchGuard.ApplyPrivateMethod(watcher, "parseBridgeEventLogs", func(*L1WatcherClient, []types.Log) ([]*orm.L1Message, []relayedMessage, []rollupEvent, error) {
+			return nil, nil, nil, targetErr
 		})
 		err := watcher.FetchContractEvent()
-		assert.EqualError(t, err, targetErr.Error())
+		assert.Equal(t, err.Error(), targetErr.Error())
 	})

-	patchGuard.ApplyPrivateMethod(watcher, "parseBridgeEventLogs", func(*L1WatcherClient, []types.Log) ([]*orm.L1Message, []rollupEvent, error) {
+	patchGuard.ApplyPrivateMethod(watcher, "parseBridgeEventLogs", func(*L1WatcherClient, []types.Log) ([]*orm.L1Message, []relayedMessage, []rollupEvent, error) {
 		rollupEvents := []rollupEvent{
 			{
 				batchHash: common.HexToHash("0x1dcc4de8dec75d7aab85b567b6ccd41ad312451b948a7413f0a142fd40d49347"),
@@ -179,13 +179,26 @@ func testL1WatcherClientFetchContractEvent(t *testing.T) {
 				status:    commonTypes.RollupCommitted,
 			},
 		}
-		return nil, rollupEvents, nil
+
+		relayedMessageEvents := []relayedMessage{
+			{
+				msgHash:      common.HexToHash("0x1dcc4de8dec75d7aab85b567b6ccd41ad312451b948a7413f0a142fd40d49347"),
+				txHash:       common.HexToHash("0xad3228b676f7d3cd4284a5443f17f1962b36e491b30a40b2405849e597ba5fb5"),
+				isSuccessful: true,
+			},
+			{
+				msgHash:      common.HexToHash("0xad3228b676f7d3cd4284a5443f17f1962b36e491b30a40b2405849e597ba5fb5"),
+				txHash:       common.HexToHash("0xb4c11951957c6f8f642c4af61cd6b24640fec6dc7fc607ee8206a99e92410d30"),
+				isSuccessful: false,
+			},
+		}
+		return nil, relayedMessageEvents, rollupEvents, nil
 	})

-	var batchOrm *orm.Batch
+	var blockBatchOrm *orm.BlockBatch
 	convey.Convey("db get rollup status by hash list failure", t, func() {
 		targetErr := errors.New("get db failure")
-		patchGuard.ApplyMethodFunc(batchOrm, "GetRollupStatusByHashList", func(context.Context, []string) ([]commonTypes.RollupStatus, error) {
+		patchGuard.ApplyMethodFunc(blockBatchOrm, "GetRollupStatusByHashList", func(hashes []string) ([]commonTypes.RollupStatus, error) {
 			return nil, targetErr
 		})
 		err := watcher.FetchContractEvent()
@@ -193,7 +206,7 @@ func testL1WatcherClientFetchContractEvent(t *testing.T) {
 	})

 	convey.Convey("rollup status mismatch batch hashes length", t, func() {
-		patchGuard.ApplyMethodFunc(batchOrm, "GetRollupStatusByHashList", func(context.Context, []string) ([]commonTypes.RollupStatus, error) {
+		patchGuard.ApplyMethodFunc(blockBatchOrm, "GetRollupStatusByHashList", func(hashes []string) ([]commonTypes.RollupStatus, error) {
 			s := []commonTypes.RollupStatus{
 				commonTypes.RollupFinalized,
 			}
@@ -203,7 +216,7 @@ func testL1WatcherClientFetchContractEvent(t *testing.T) {
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
 	})

-	patchGuard.ApplyMethodFunc(batchOrm, "GetRollupStatusByHashList", func(context.Context, []string) ([]commonTypes.RollupStatus, error) {
+	patchGuard.ApplyMethodFunc(blockBatchOrm, "GetRollupStatusByHashList", func(hashes []string) ([]commonTypes.RollupStatus, error) {
 		s := []commonTypes.RollupStatus{
 			commonTypes.RollupPending,
 			commonTypes.RollupCommitting,
@@ -213,27 +226,41 @@ func testL1WatcherClientFetchContractEvent(t *testing.T) {

 	convey.Convey("db update RollupFinalized status failure", t, func() {
 		targetErr := errors.New("UpdateFinalizeTxHashAndRollupStatus RollupFinalized failure")
-		patchGuard.ApplyMethodFunc(batchOrm, "UpdateFinalizeTxHashAndRollupStatus", func(context.Context, string, string, commonTypes.RollupStatus) error {
+		patchGuard.ApplyMethodFunc(blockBatchOrm, "UpdateFinalizeTxHashAndRollupStatus", func(context.Context, string, string, commonTypes.RollupStatus) error {
 			return targetErr
 		})
 		err := watcher.FetchContractEvent()
 		assert.Equal(t, targetErr.Error(), err.Error())
 	})

-	patchGuard.ApplyMethodFunc(batchOrm, "UpdateFinalizeTxHashAndRollupStatus", func(context.Context, string, string, commonTypes.RollupStatus) error {
+	patchGuard.ApplyMethodFunc(blockBatchOrm, "UpdateFinalizeTxHashAndRollupStatus", func(context.Context, string, string, commonTypes.RollupStatus) error {
 		return nil
 	})

 	convey.Convey("db update RollupCommitted status failure", t, func() {
 		targetErr := errors.New("UpdateCommitTxHashAndRollupStatus RollupCommitted failure")
-		patchGuard.ApplyMethodFunc(batchOrm, "UpdateCommitTxHashAndRollupStatus", func(context.Context, string, string, commonTypes.RollupStatus) error {
+		patchGuard.ApplyMethodFunc(blockBatchOrm, "UpdateCommitTxHashAndRollupStatus", func(context.Context, string, string, commonTypes.RollupStatus) error {
 			return targetErr
 		})
 		err := watcher.FetchContractEvent()
 		assert.Equal(t, targetErr.Error(), err.Error())
 	})

-	patchGuard.ApplyMethodFunc(batchOrm, "UpdateCommitTxHashAndRollupStatus", func(context.Context, string, string, commonTypes.RollupStatus) error {
+	patchGuard.ApplyMethodFunc(blockBatchOrm, "UpdateCommitTxHashAndRollupStatus", func(context.Context, string, string, commonTypes.RollupStatus) error {
+		return nil
+	})
+
+	var l2MessageOrm *orm.L2Message
+	convey.Convey("db update layer2 status and layer1 hash failure", t, func() {
+		targetErr := errors.New("UpdateLayer2StatusAndLayer1Hash failure")
+		patchGuard.ApplyMethodFunc(l2MessageOrm, "UpdateLayer2StatusAndLayer1Hash", func(context.Context, string, commonTypes.MsgStatus, string) error {
+			return targetErr
+		})
+		err := watcher.FetchContractEvent()
+		assert.Equal(t, targetErr.Error(), err.Error())
+	})
+
+	patchGuard.ApplyMethodFunc(l2MessageOrm, "UpdateLayer2StatusAndLayer1Hash", func(context.Context, string, commonTypes.MsgStatus, string) error {
 		return nil
 	})

@@ -276,16 +303,17 @@ func testParseBridgeEventLogsL1QueueTransactionEventSignature(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 		defer patchGuard.Reset()

-		l2Messages, rollupEvents, err := watcher.parseBridgeEventLogs(logs)
+		l2Messages, relayedMessages, rollupEvents, err := watcher.parseBridgeEventLogs(logs)
 		assert.EqualError(t, err, targetErr.Error())
 		assert.Empty(t, l2Messages)
+		assert.Empty(t, relayedMessages)
 		assert.Empty(t, rollupEvents)
 	})

 	convey.Convey("L1QueueTransactionEventSignature success", t, func() {
 		patchGuard := gomonkey.ApplyFunc(utils.UnpackLog, func(c *abi.ABI, out interface{}, event string, log types.Log) error {
 			tmpOut := out.(*bridgeAbi.L1QueueTransactionEvent)
-			tmpOut.QueueIndex = 100
+			tmpOut.QueueIndex = big.NewInt(100)
 			tmpOut.Data = []byte("test data")
 			tmpOut.Sender = common.HexToAddress("0xb4c11951957c6f8f642c4af61cd6b24640fec6dc7fc607ee8206a99e92410d30")
 			tmpOut.Value = big.NewInt(1000)
@@ -295,14 +323,102 @@ func testParseBridgeEventLogsL1QueueTransactionEventSignature(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 		defer patchGuard.Reset()

-		l2Messages, rollupEvents, err := watcher.parseBridgeEventLogs(logs)
+		l2Messages, relayedMessages, rollupEvents, err := watcher.parseBridgeEventLogs(logs)
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Empty(t, relayedMessages)
 		assert.Empty(t, rollupEvents)
 		assert.Len(t, l2Messages, 1)
 		assert.Equal(t, l2Messages[0].Value, big.NewInt(1000).String())
 	})
 }

+func testParseBridgeEventLogsL1RelayedMessageEventSignature(t *testing.T) {
+	watcher, db := setupL1Watcher(t)
+	defer utils.CloseDB(db)
+
+	logs := []types.Log{
+		{
+			Topics:      []common.Hash{bridgeAbi.L1RelayedMessageEventSignature},
+			BlockNumber: 100,
+			TxHash:      common.HexToHash("0x1dcc4de8dec75d7aab85b567b6ccd41ad312451b948a7413f0a142fd40d49347"),
+		},
+	}
+
+	convey.Convey("unpack RelayedMessage log failure", t, func() {
+		targetErr := errors.New("UnpackLog RelayedMessage failure")
+		patchGuard := gomonkey.ApplyFunc(utils.UnpackLog, func(c *abi.ABI, out interface{}, event string, log types.Log) error {
+			return targetErr
+		})
+		defer patchGuard.Reset()
+
+		l2Messages, relayedMessages, rollupEvents, err := watcher.parseBridgeEventLogs(logs)
+		assert.EqualError(t, err, targetErr.Error())
+		assert.Empty(t, l2Messages)
+		assert.Empty(t, relayedMessages)
+		assert.Empty(t, rollupEvents)
+	})
+
+	convey.Convey("L1RelayedMessageEventSignature success", t, func() {
+		msgHash := common.HexToHash("0xad3228b676f7d3cd4284a5443f17f1962b36e491b30a40b2405849e597ba5fb5")
+		patchGuard := gomonkey.ApplyFunc(utils.UnpackLog, func(c *abi.ABI, out interface{}, event string, log types.Log) error {
+			tmpOut := out.(*bridgeAbi.L1RelayedMessageEvent)
+			tmpOut.MessageHash = msgHash
+			return nil
+		})
+		defer patchGuard.Reset()
+
+		l2Messages, relayedMessages, rollupEvents, err := watcher.parseBridgeEventLogs(logs)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Empty(t, l2Messages)
+		assert.Empty(t, rollupEvents)
+		assert.Len(t, relayedMessages, 1)
+		assert.Equal(t, relayedMessages[0].msgHash, msgHash)
+	})
+}
+
+func testParseBridgeEventLogsL1FailedRelayedMessageEventSignature(t *testing.T) {
+	watcher, db := setupL1Watcher(t)
+	defer utils.CloseDB(db)
+	logs := []types.Log{
+		{
+			Topics:      []common.Hash{bridgeAbi.L1FailedRelayedMessageEventSignature},
+			BlockNumber: 100,
+			TxHash:      common.HexToHash("0x1dcc4de8dec75d7aab85b567b6ccd41ad312451b948a7413f0a142fd40d49347"),
+		},
+	}
+
+	convey.Convey("unpack FailedRelayedMessage log failure", t, func() {
+		targetErr := errors.New("UnpackLog FailedRelayedMessage failure")
+		patchGuard := gomonkey.ApplyFunc(utils.UnpackLog, func(c *abi.ABI, out interface{}, event string, log types.Log) error {
+			return targetErr
+		})
+		defer patchGuard.Reset()
+
+		l2Messages, relayedMessages, rollupEvents, err := watcher.parseBridgeEventLogs(logs)
+		assert.EqualError(t, err, targetErr.Error())
+		assert.Empty(t, l2Messages)
+		assert.Empty(t, relayedMessages)
+		assert.Empty(t, rollupEvents)
+	})
+
+	convey.Convey("L1FailedRelayedMessageEventSignature success", t, func() {
+		msgHash := common.HexToHash("0xad3228b676f7d3cd4284a5443f17f1962b36e491b30a40b2405849e597ba5fb5")
+		patchGuard := gomonkey.ApplyFunc(utils.UnpackLog, func(c *abi.ABI, out interface{}, event string, log types.Log) error {
+			tmpOut := out.(*bridgeAbi.L1FailedRelayedMessageEvent)
+			tmpOut.MessageHash = msgHash
+			return nil
+		})
+		defer patchGuard.Reset()
+
+		l2Messages, relayedMessages, rollupEvents, err := watcher.parseBridgeEventLogs(logs)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Empty(t, l2Messages)
+		assert.Empty(t, rollupEvents)
+		assert.Len(t, relayedMessages, 1)
+		assert.Equal(t, relayedMessages[0].msgHash, msgHash)
+	})
+}
+
 func testParseBridgeEventLogsL1CommitBatchEventSignature(t *testing.T) {
 	watcher, db := setupL1Watcher(t)
 	defer utils.CloseDB(db)
@@ -321,9 +437,10 @@ func testParseBridgeEventLogsL1CommitBatchEventSignature(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 		defer patchGuard.Reset()

-		l2Messages, rollupEvents, err := watcher.parseBridgeEventLogs(logs)
+		l2Messages, relayedMessages, rollupEvents, err := watcher.parseBridgeEventLogs(logs)
 		assert.EqualError(t, err, targetErr.Error())
 		assert.Empty(t, l2Messages)
+		assert.Empty(t, relayedMessages)
 		assert.Empty(t, rollupEvents)
 	})

@@ -336,9 +453,10 @@ func testParseBridgeEventLogsL1CommitBatchEventSignature(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 		defer patchGuard.Reset()

-		l2Messages, rollupEvents, err := watcher.parseBridgeEventLogs(logs)
+		l2Messages, relayedMessages, rollupEvents, err := watcher.parseBridgeEventLogs(logs)
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
 		assert.Empty(t, l2Messages)
+		assert.Empty(t, relayedMessages)
 		assert.Len(t, rollupEvents, 1)
 		assert.Equal(t, rollupEvents[0].batchHash, msgHash)
 		assert.Equal(t, rollupEvents[0].status, commonTypes.RollupCommitted)
@@ -363,9 +481,10 @@ func testParseBridgeEventLogsL1FinalizeBatchEventSignature(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 		defer patchGuard.Reset()

-		l2Messages, rollupEvents, err := watcher.parseBridgeEventLogs(logs)
+		l2Messages, relayedMessages, rollupEvents, err := watcher.parseBridgeEventLogs(logs)
 		assert.EqualError(t, err, targetErr.Error())
 		assert.Empty(t, l2Messages)
+		assert.Empty(t, relayedMessages)
 		assert.Empty(t, rollupEvents)
 	})

@@ -378,9 +497,10 @@ func testParseBridgeEventLogsL1FinalizeBatchEventSignature(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 		defer patchGuard.Reset()

-		l2Messages, rollupEvents, err := watcher.parseBridgeEventLogs(logs)
+		l2Messages, relayedMessages, rollupEvents, err := watcher.parseBridgeEventLogs(logs)
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
 		assert.Empty(t, l2Messages)
+		assert.Empty(t, relayedMessages)
 		assert.Len(t, rollupEvents, 1)
 		assert.Equal(t, rollupEvents[0].batchHash, msgHash)
 		assert.Equal(t, rollupEvents[0].status, commonTypes.RollupFinalized)
--- a/bridge/internal/controller/watcher/l2_watcher.go
+++ b/bridge/internal/controller/watcher/l2_watcher.go
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package watcher

 import (
 	"context"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"math/big"

@@ -31,6 +32,8 @@ var (
 	bridgeL2MsgsSyncHeightGauge           = gethMetrics.NewRegisteredGauge("bridge/l2/msgs/sync/height", metrics.ScrollRegistry)
 	bridgeL2BlocksFetchedHeightGauge      = gethMetrics.NewRegisteredGauge("bridge/l2/blocks/fetched/height", metrics.ScrollRegistry)
 	bridgeL2BlocksFetchedGapGauge         = gethMetrics.NewRegisteredGauge("bridge/l2/blocks/fetched/gap", metrics.ScrollRegistry)
+	bridgeL2MsgsSentEventsTotalCounter    = gethMetrics.NewRegisteredCounter("bridge/l2/msgs/sent/events/total", metrics.ScrollRegistry)
+	bridgeL2MsgsAppendEventsTotalCounter  = gethMetrics.NewRegisteredCounter("bridge/l2/msgs/append/events/total", metrics.ScrollRegistry)
 	bridgeL2MsgsRelayedEventsTotalCounter = gethMetrics.NewRegisteredCounter("bridge/l2/msgs/relayed/events/total", metrics.ScrollRegistry)
 )

@@ -41,8 +44,11 @@ type L2WatcherClient struct {

 	*ethclient.Client

-	l2BlockOrm   *orm.L2Block
-	l1MessageOrm *orm.L1Message
+	db            *gorm.DB
+	blockBatchOrm *orm.BlockBatch
+	blockTraceOrm *orm.BlockTrace
+	l1MessageOrm  *orm.L1Message
+	l2MessageOrm  *orm.L2Message

 	confirmations rpc.BlockNumber

@@ -61,29 +67,23 @@ type L2WatcherClient struct {

 // NewL2WatcherClient take a l2geth instance to generate a l2watcherclient instance
 func NewL2WatcherClient(ctx context.Context, client *ethclient.Client, confirmations rpc.BlockNumber, messengerAddress, messageQueueAddress common.Address, withdrawTrieRootSlot common.Hash, db *gorm.DB) *L2WatcherClient {
-	l1MessageOrm := orm.NewL1Message(db)
-	var savedHeight uint64
-	l1msg, err := l1MessageOrm.GetLayer1LatestMessageWithLayer2Hash()
-	if err != nil || l1msg == nil {
+	l2MessageOrm := orm.NewL2Message(db)
+	savedHeight, err := l2MessageOrm.GetLayer2LatestWatchedHeight()
+	if err != nil {
 		log.Warn("fetch height from db failed", "err", err)
 		savedHeight = 0
-	} else {
-		receipt, err := client.TransactionReceipt(ctx, common.HexToHash(l1msg.Layer2Hash))
-		if err != nil || receipt == nil {
-			log.Warn("get tx from l2 failed", "err", err)
-			savedHeight = 0
-		} else {
-			savedHeight = receipt.BlockNumber.Uint64()
-		}
 	}

 	w := L2WatcherClient{
 		ctx:    ctx,
+		db:     db,
 		Client: client,

-		l2BlockOrm:         orm.NewL2Block(db),
+		blockBatchOrm:      orm.NewBlockBatch(db),
+		blockTraceOrm:      orm.NewBlockTrace(db),
 		l1MessageOrm:       orm.NewL1Message(db),
-		processedMsgHeight: savedHeight,
+		l2MessageOrm:       l2MessageOrm,
+		processedMsgHeight: uint64(savedHeight),
 		confirmations:      confirmations,

 		messengerAddress: messengerAddress,
@@ -96,28 +96,84 @@ func NewL2WatcherClient(ctx context.Context, client *ethclient.Client, confirmat
 		stopped: 0,
 	}

+	// Initialize genesis before we do anything else
+	if err := w.initializeGenesis(); err != nil {
+		panic(fmt.Sprintf("failed to initialize L2 genesis batch, err: %v", err))
+	}
+
 	return &w
 }

+func (w *L2WatcherClient) initializeGenesis() error {
+	if count, err := w.blockBatchOrm.GetBatchCount(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to get batch count: %v", err)
+	} else if count > 0 {
+		log.Info("genesis already imported")
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	genesis, err := w.HeaderByNumber(w.ctx, big.NewInt(0))
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to retrieve L2 genesis header: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	log.Info("retrieved L2 genesis header", "hash", genesis.Hash().String())
+
+	blockTrace := &bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock{
+		Header:           genesis,
+		Transactions:     nil,
+		WithdrawTrieRoot: common.Hash{},
+	}
+	batchData := bridgeTypes.NewGenesisBatchData(blockTrace)
+
+	if err = orm.AddBatchInfoToDB(w.db, batchData); err != nil {
+		log.Error("failed to add batch info to DB", "BatchHash", batchData.Hash(), "error", err)
+		return err
+	}
+
+	batchHash := batchData.Hash().Hex()
+
+	if err = w.blockBatchOrm.UpdateProvingStatus(batchHash, types.ProvingTaskProved); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to update genesis batch proving status: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if err = w.blockBatchOrm.UpdateRollupStatus(w.ctx, batchHash, types.RollupFinalized); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to update genesis batch rollup status: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	log.Info("successfully imported genesis batch")
+
+	return nil
+}
+
 const blockTracesFetchLimit = uint64(10)

-// TryFetchRunningMissingBlocks attempts to fetch and store block traces for any missing blocks.
-func (w *L2WatcherClient) TryFetchRunningMissingBlocks(blockHeight uint64) {
-	heightInDB, err := w.l2BlockOrm.GetL2BlocksLatestHeight(w.ctx)
+// TryFetchRunningMissingBlocks try fetch missing blocks if inconsistent
+func (w *L2WatcherClient) TryFetchRunningMissingBlocks(ctx context.Context, blockHeight uint64) {
+	// Get newest block in DB. must have blocks at that time.
+	// Don't use "block_trace" table "trace" column's BlockTrace.Number,
+	// because it might be empty if the corresponding rollup_result is finalized/finalization_skipped
+	heightInDB, err := w.blockTraceOrm.GetL2BlocksLatestHeight()
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Error("failed to GetL2BlocksLatestHeight", "err", err)
 		return
 	}

-	// Fetch and store block traces for missing blocks
-	for from := uint64(heightInDB) + 1; from <= blockHeight; from += blockTracesFetchLimit {
+	// Can't get trace from genesis block, so the default start number is 1.
+	var from = uint64(1)
+	if heightInDB > 0 {
+		from = uint64(heightInDB) + 1
+	}
+
+	for ; from <= blockHeight; from += blockTracesFetchLimit {
 		to := from + blockTracesFetchLimit - 1

 		if to > blockHeight {
 			to = blockHeight
 		}

-		if err = w.getAndStoreBlockTraces(w.ctx, from, to); err != nil {
+		// Get block traces and insert into db.
+		if err = w.getAndStoreBlockTraces(ctx, from, to); err != nil {
 			log.Error("fail to getAndStoreBlockTraces", "from", from, "to", to, "err", err)
 			return
 		}
@@ -173,7 +229,7 @@ func (w *L2WatcherClient) getAndStoreBlockTraces(ctx context.Context, from, to u
 	}

 	if len(blocks) > 0 {
-		if err := w.l2BlockOrm.InsertL2Blocks(w.ctx, blocks); err != nil {
+		if err := w.blockTraceOrm.InsertWrappedBlocks(blocks); err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("failed to batch insert BlockTraces: %v", err)
 		}
 	}
@@ -231,15 +287,17 @@ func (w *L2WatcherClient) FetchContractEvent() {
 		}
 		log.Info("received new L2 messages", "fromBlock", from, "toBlock", to, "cnt", len(logs))

-		relayedMessageEvents, err := w.parseBridgeEventLogs(logs)
+		sentMessageEvents, relayedMessageEvents, err := w.parseBridgeEventLogs(logs)
 		if err != nil {
 			log.Error("failed to parse emitted event log", "err", err)
 			return
 		}

+		sentMessageCount := int64(len(sentMessageEvents))
 		relayedMessageCount := int64(len(relayedMessageEvents))
+		bridgeL2MsgsSentEventsTotalCounter.Inc(sentMessageCount)
 		bridgeL2MsgsRelayedEventsTotalCounter.Inc(relayedMessageCount)
-		log.Info("L2 events types", "RelayedMessageCount", relayedMessageCount)
+		log.Info("L2 events types", "SentMessageCount", sentMessageCount, "RelayedMessageCount", relayedMessageCount)

 		// Update relayed message first to make sure we don't forget to update submited message.
 		// Since, we always start sync from the latest unprocessed message.
@@ -256,24 +314,71 @@ func (w *L2WatcherClient) FetchContractEvent() {
 			}
 		}

+		if err = w.l2MessageOrm.SaveL2Messages(w.ctx, sentMessageEvents); err != nil {
+			log.Error("failed to save l2 messages", "err", err)
+			return
+		}
+
 		w.processedMsgHeight = uint64(to)
 		bridgeL2MsgsSyncHeightGauge.Update(to)
 	}
 }

-func (w *L2WatcherClient) parseBridgeEventLogs(logs []gethTypes.Log) ([]relayedMessage, error) {
+func (w *L2WatcherClient) parseBridgeEventLogs(logs []gethTypes.Log) ([]orm.L2Message, []relayedMessage, error) {
 	// Need use contract abi to parse event Log
 	// Can only be tested after we have our contracts set up

+	var l2Messages []orm.L2Message
 	var relayedMessages []relayedMessage
+	var lastAppendMsgHash common.Hash
+	var lastAppendMsgNonce uint64
 	for _, vLog := range logs {
 		switch vLog.Topics[0] {
+		case bridgeAbi.L2SentMessageEventSignature:
+			event := bridgeAbi.L2SentMessageEvent{}
+			err := utils.UnpackLog(w.messengerABI, &event, "SentMessage", vLog)
+			if err != nil {
+				log.Error("failed to unpack layer2 SentMessage event", "err", err)
+				return l2Messages, relayedMessages, err
+			}
+
+			computedMsgHash := utils.ComputeMessageHash(
+				event.Sender,
+				event.Target,
+				event.Value,
+				event.MessageNonce,
+				event.Message,
+			)
+
+			// `AppendMessage` event is always emitted before `SentMessage` event
+			// So they should always match, just double check
+			if event.MessageNonce.Uint64() != lastAppendMsgNonce {
+				errMsg := fmt.Sprintf("l2 message nonces mismatch: AppendMessage.nonce=%v, SentMessage.nonce=%v, tx_hash=%v",
+					lastAppendMsgNonce, event.MessageNonce.Uint64(), vLog.TxHash.Hex())
+				return l2Messages, relayedMessages, errors.New(errMsg)
+			}
+			if computedMsgHash != lastAppendMsgHash {
+				errMsg := fmt.Sprintf("l2 message hashes mismatch: AppendMessage.msg_hash=%v, SentMessage.msg_hash=%v, tx_hash=%v",
+					lastAppendMsgHash.Hex(), computedMsgHash.Hex(), vLog.TxHash.Hex())
+				return l2Messages, relayedMessages, errors.New(errMsg)
+			}
+
+			l2Messages = append(l2Messages, orm.L2Message{
+				Nonce:      event.MessageNonce.Uint64(),
+				MsgHash:    computedMsgHash.String(),
+				Height:     vLog.BlockNumber,
+				Sender:     event.Sender.String(),
+				Value:      event.Value.String(),
+				Target:     event.Target.String(),
+				Calldata:   common.Bytes2Hex(event.Message),
+				Layer2Hash: vLog.TxHash.Hex(),
+			})
 		case bridgeAbi.L2RelayedMessageEventSignature:
 			event := bridgeAbi.L2RelayedMessageEvent{}
 			err := utils.UnpackLog(w.messengerABI, &event, "RelayedMessage", vLog)
 			if err != nil {
 				log.Warn("Failed to unpack layer2 RelayedMessage event", "err", err)
-				return relayedMessages, err
+				return l2Messages, relayedMessages, err
 			}

 			relayedMessages = append(relayedMessages, relayedMessage{
@@ -286,7 +391,7 @@ func (w *L2WatcherClient) parseBridgeEventLogs(logs []gethTypes.Log) ([]relayedM
 			err := utils.UnpackLog(w.messengerABI, &event, "FailedRelayedMessage", vLog)
 			if err != nil {
 				log.Warn("Failed to unpack layer2 FailedRelayedMessage event", "err", err)
-				return relayedMessages, err
+				return l2Messages, relayedMessages, err
 			}

 			relayedMessages = append(relayedMessages, relayedMessage{
@@ -294,9 +399,21 @@ func (w *L2WatcherClient) parseBridgeEventLogs(logs []gethTypes.Log) ([]relayedM
 				txHash:       vLog.TxHash,
 				isSuccessful: false,
 			})
+		case bridgeAbi.L2AppendMessageEventSignature:
+			event := bridgeAbi.L2AppendMessageEvent{}
+			err := utils.UnpackLog(w.messageQueueABI, &event, "AppendMessage", vLog)
+			if err != nil {
+				log.Warn("Failed to unpack layer2 AppendMessage event", "err", err)
+				return l2Messages, relayedMessages, err
+			}
+
+			lastAppendMsgHash = event.MessageHash
+			lastAppendMsgNonce = event.Index.Uint64()
+			bridgeL2MsgsAppendEventsTotalCounter.Inc(1)
+		default:
 			log.Error("Unknown event", "topic", vLog.Topics[0], "txHash", vLog.TxHash)
 		}
 	}

-	return relayedMessages, nil
+	return l2Messages, relayedMessages, nil
 }
--- a/bridge/internal/controller/watcher/l2_watcher_test.go
+++ b/bridge/internal/controller/watcher/l2_watcher_test.go
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/smartystreets/goconvey/convey"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"

+	"scroll-tech/common/types"
 	cutils "scroll-tech/common/utils"

 	bridgeAbi "scroll-tech/bridge/abi"
@@ -66,6 +67,137 @@ func testCreateNewWatcherAndStop(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.GreaterOrEqual(t, blockNum, uint64(numTransactions))
 }

+func testMonitorBridgeContract(t *testing.T) {
+	wc, db := setupL2Watcher(t)
+	subCtx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	defer func() {
+		cancel()
+		defer utils.CloseDB(db)
+	}()
+
+	loopToFetchEvent(subCtx, wc)
+
+	previousHeight, err := l2Cli.BlockNumber(context.Background())
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	auth := prepareAuth(t, l2Cli, cfg.L2Config.RelayerConfig.MessageSenderPrivateKeys[0])
+
+	// deploy mock bridge
+	_, tx, instance, err := mock_bridge.DeployMockBridgeL2(auth, l2Cli)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	address, err := bind.WaitDeployed(context.Background(), l2Cli, tx)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	rc := prepareWatcherClient(l2Cli, db, address)
+	loopToFetchEvent(subCtx, rc)
+	// Call mock_bridge instance sendMessage to trigger emit events
+	toAddress := common.HexToAddress("0x4592d8f8d7b001e72cb26a73e4fa1806a51ac79d")
+	message := []byte("testbridgecontract")
+	fee := big.NewInt(0)
+	gasLimit := big.NewInt(1)
+
+	tx, err = instance.SendMessage(auth, toAddress, fee, message, gasLimit)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	receipt, err := bind.WaitMined(context.Background(), l2Cli, tx)
+	if receipt.Status != gethTypes.ReceiptStatusSuccessful || err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Call failed")
+	}
+
+	// extra block mined
+	toAddress = common.HexToAddress("0x4592d8f8d7b001e72cb26a73e4fa1806a51ac79d")
+	message = []byte("testbridgecontract")
+	tx, err = instance.SendMessage(auth, toAddress, fee, message, gasLimit)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	receipt, err = bind.WaitMined(context.Background(), l2Cli, tx)
+	if receipt.Status != gethTypes.ReceiptStatusSuccessful || err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Call failed")
+	}
+
+	l2MessageOrm := orm.NewL2Message(db)
+	// check if we successfully stored events
+	assert.True(t, cutils.TryTimes(10, func() bool {
+		height, err := l2MessageOrm.GetLayer2LatestWatchedHeight()
+		return err == nil && height > int64(previousHeight)
+	}))
+
+	// check l1 messages.
+	assert.True(t, cutils.TryTimes(10, func() bool {
+		msgs, err := l2MessageOrm.GetL2Messages(map[string]interface{}{"status": types.MsgPending}, nil, 0)
+		return err == nil && len(msgs) == 2
+	}))
+}
+
+func testFetchMultipleSentMessageInOneBlock(t *testing.T) {
+	_, db := setupL2Watcher(t)
+	subCtx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	defer func() {
+		cancel()
+		defer utils.CloseDB(db)
+	}()
+
+	previousHeight, err := l2Cli.BlockNumber(context.Background()) // shallow the global previousHeight
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	auth := prepareAuth(t, l2Cli, cfg.L2Config.RelayerConfig.MessageSenderPrivateKeys[0])
+
+	_, trx, instance, err := mock_bridge.DeployMockBridgeL2(auth, l2Cli)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	address, err := bind.WaitDeployed(context.Background(), l2Cli, trx)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	wc := prepareWatcherClient(l2Cli, db, address)
+	loopToFetchEvent(subCtx, wc)
+
+	// Call mock_bridge instance sendMessage to trigger emit events multiple times
+	numTransactions := 4
+	var tx *gethTypes.Transaction
+	for i := 0; i < numTransactions; i++ {
+		addr := common.HexToAddress("0x1c5a77d9fa7ef466951b2f01f724bca3a5820b63")
+		nonce, nounceErr := l2Cli.PendingNonceAt(context.Background(), addr)
+		assert.NoError(t, nounceErr)
+		auth.Nonce = big.NewInt(int64(nonce))
+		toAddress := common.HexToAddress("0x4592d8f8d7b001e72cb26a73e4fa1806a51ac79d")
+		message := []byte("testbridgecontract")
+		fee := big.NewInt(0)
+		gasLimit := big.NewInt(1)
+		tx, err = instance.SendMessage(auth, toAddress, fee, message, gasLimit)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+	}
+
+	receipt, err := bind.WaitMined(context.Background(), l2Cli, tx)
+	if receipt.Status != gethTypes.ReceiptStatusSuccessful || err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Call failed")
+	}
+
+	// extra block mined
+	addr := common.HexToAddress("0x1c5a77d9fa7ef466951b2f01f724bca3a5820b63")
+	nonce, nounceErr := l2Cli.PendingNonceAt(context.Background(), addr)
+	assert.NoError(t, nounceErr)
+	auth.Nonce = big.NewInt(int64(nonce))
+	toAddress := common.HexToAddress("0x4592d8f8d7b001e72cb26a73e4fa1806a51ac79d")
+	message := []byte("testbridgecontract")
+	fee := big.NewInt(0)
+	gasLimit := big.NewInt(1)
+	tx, err = instance.SendMessage(auth, toAddress, fee, message, gasLimit)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	receipt, err = bind.WaitMined(context.Background(), l2Cli, tx)
+	if receipt.Status != gethTypes.ReceiptStatusSuccessful || err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Call failed")
+	}
+
+	l2MessageOrm := orm.NewL2Message(db)
+	// check if we successfully stored events
+	assert.True(t, cutils.TryTimes(10, func() bool {
+		height, err := l2MessageOrm.GetLayer2LatestWatchedHeight()
+		return err == nil && height > int64(previousHeight)
+	}))
+
+	assert.True(t, cutils.TryTimes(10, func() bool {
+		msgs, err := l2MessageOrm.GetL2Messages(map[string]interface{}{"status": types.MsgPending}, nil, 0)
+		return err == nil && len(msgs) == 5
+	}))
+}
+
 func testFetchRunningMissingBlocks(t *testing.T) {
 	_, db := setupL2Watcher(t)
 	defer utils.CloseDB(db)
@@ -78,15 +210,15 @@ func testFetchRunningMissingBlocks(t *testing.T) {
 	address, err := bind.WaitDeployed(context.Background(), l2Cli, tx)
 	assert.NoError(t, err)

-	l2BlockOrm := orm.NewL2Block(db)
+	blockTraceOrm := orm.NewBlockTrace(db)
 	ok := cutils.TryTimes(10, func() bool {
 		latestHeight, err := l2Cli.BlockNumber(context.Background())
 		if err != nil {
 			return false
 		}
 		wc := prepareWatcherClient(l2Cli, db, address)
-		wc.TryFetchRunningMissingBlocks(latestHeight)
-		fetchedHeight, err := l2BlockOrm.GetL2BlocksLatestHeight(context.Background())
+		wc.TryFetchRunningMissingBlocks(context.Background(), latestHeight)
+		fetchedHeight, err := blockTraceOrm.GetL2BlocksLatestHeight()
 		return err == nil && uint64(fetchedHeight) == latestHeight
 	})
 	assert.True(t, ok)
@@ -104,7 +236,6 @@ func prepareAuth(t *testing.T, l2Cli *ethclient.Client, privateKey *ecdsa.Privat
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	auth.GasPrice, err = l2Cli.SuggestGasPrice(context.Background())
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	auth.GasLimit = 500000
 	return auth
 }

@@ -112,6 +243,57 @@ func loopToFetchEvent(subCtx context.Context, watcher *L2WatcherClient) {
 	go cutils.Loop(subCtx, 2*time.Second, watcher.FetchContractEvent)
 }

+func testParseBridgeEventLogsL2SentMessageEventSignature(t *testing.T) {
+	watcher, db := setupL2Watcher(t)
+	defer utils.CloseDB(db)
+
+	logs := []gethTypes.Log{
+		{
+			Topics: []common.Hash{
+				bridgeAbi.L2SentMessageEventSignature,
+			},
+			BlockNumber: 100,
+			TxHash:      common.HexToHash("0x1dcc4de8dec75d7aab85b567b6ccd41ad312451b948a7413f0a142fd40d49347"),
+		},
+	}
+
+	convey.Convey("unpack SentMessage log failure", t, func() {
+		targetErr := errors.New("UnpackLog SentMessage failure")
+		patchGuard := gomonkey.ApplyFunc(utils.UnpackLog, func(c *abi.ABI, out interface{}, event string, log gethTypes.Log) error {
+			return targetErr
+		})
+		defer patchGuard.Reset()
+
+		l2Messages, relayedMessages, err := watcher.parseBridgeEventLogs(logs)
+		assert.EqualError(t, err, targetErr.Error())
+		assert.Empty(t, l2Messages)
+		assert.Empty(t, relayedMessages)
+	})
+
+	convey.Convey("L2SentMessageEventSignature success", t, func() {
+		tmpSendAddr := common.HexToAddress("0xb4c11951957c6f8f642c4af61cd6b24640fec6dc7fc607ee8206a99e92410d30")
+		tmpTargetAddr := common.HexToAddress("0xad3228b676f7d3cd4284a5443f17f1962b36e491b30a40b2405849e597ba5fb5")
+		tmpValue := big.NewInt(1000)
+		tmpMessageNonce := big.NewInt(100)
+		tmpMessage := []byte("test for L2SentMessageEventSignature")
+		patchGuard := gomonkey.ApplyFunc(utils.UnpackLog, func(c *abi.ABI, out interface{}, event string, log gethTypes.Log) error {
+			tmpOut := out.(*bridgeAbi.L2SentMessageEvent)
+			tmpOut.Sender = tmpSendAddr
+			tmpOut.Value = tmpValue
+			tmpOut.Target = tmpTargetAddr
+			tmpOut.MessageNonce = tmpMessageNonce
+			tmpOut.Message = tmpMessage
+			return nil
+		})
+		defer patchGuard.Reset()
+
+		l2Messages, relayedMessages, err := watcher.parseBridgeEventLogs(logs)
+		assert.Error(t, err)
+		assert.Empty(t, relayedMessages)
+		assert.Empty(t, l2Messages)
+	})
+}
+
 func testParseBridgeEventLogsL2RelayedMessageEventSignature(t *testing.T) {
 	watcher, db := setupL2Watcher(t)
 	defer utils.CloseDB(db)
@@ -131,8 +313,9 @@ func testParseBridgeEventLogsL2RelayedMessageEventSignature(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 		defer patchGuard.Reset()

-		relayedMessages, err := watcher.parseBridgeEventLogs(logs)
+		l2Messages, relayedMessages, err := watcher.parseBridgeEventLogs(logs)
 		assert.EqualError(t, err, targetErr.Error())
+		assert.Empty(t, l2Messages)
 		assert.Empty(t, relayedMessages)
 	})

@@ -145,8 +328,9 @@ func testParseBridgeEventLogsL2RelayedMessageEventSignature(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 		defer patchGuard.Reset()

-		relayedMessages, err := watcher.parseBridgeEventLogs(logs)
+		l2Messages, relayedMessages, err := watcher.parseBridgeEventLogs(logs)
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Empty(t, l2Messages)
 		assert.Len(t, relayedMessages, 1)
 		assert.Equal(t, relayedMessages[0].msgHash, msgHash)
 	})
@@ -171,8 +355,9 @@ func testParseBridgeEventLogsL2FailedRelayedMessageEventSignature(t *testing.T)
 		})
 		defer patchGuard.Reset()

-		relayedMessages, err := watcher.parseBridgeEventLogs(logs)
+		l2Messages, relayedMessages, err := watcher.parseBridgeEventLogs(logs)
 		assert.EqualError(t, err, targetErr.Error())
+		assert.Empty(t, l2Messages)
 		assert.Empty(t, relayedMessages)
 	})

@@ -185,9 +370,51 @@ func testParseBridgeEventLogsL2FailedRelayedMessageEventSignature(t *testing.T)
 		})
 		defer patchGuard.Reset()

-		relayedMessages, err := watcher.parseBridgeEventLogs(logs)
+		l2Messages, relayedMessages, err := watcher.parseBridgeEventLogs(logs)
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Empty(t, l2Messages)
 		assert.Len(t, relayedMessages, 1)
 		assert.Equal(t, relayedMessages[0].msgHash, msgHash)
 	})
 }
+
+func testParseBridgeEventLogsL2AppendMessageEventSignature(t *testing.T) {
+	watcher, db := setupL2Watcher(t)
+	defer utils.CloseDB(db)
+	logs := []gethTypes.Log{
+		{
+			Topics:      []common.Hash{bridgeAbi.L2AppendMessageEventSignature},
+			BlockNumber: 100,
+			TxHash:      common.HexToHash("0x1dcc4de8dec75d7aab85b567b6ccd41ad312451b948a7413f0a142fd40d49347"),
+		},
+	}
+
+	convey.Convey("unpack AppendMessage log failure", t, func() {
+		targetErr := errors.New("UnpackLog AppendMessage failure")
+		patchGuard := gomonkey.ApplyFunc(utils.UnpackLog, func(c *abi.ABI, out interface{}, event string, log gethTypes.Log) error {
+			return targetErr
+		})
+		defer patchGuard.Reset()
+
+		l2Messages, relayedMessages, err := watcher.parseBridgeEventLogs(logs)
+		assert.EqualError(t, err, targetErr.Error())
+		assert.Empty(t, l2Messages)
+		assert.Empty(t, relayedMessages)
+	})
+
+	convey.Convey("L2AppendMessageEventSignature success", t, func() {
+		msgHash := common.HexToHash("0xad3228b676f7d3cd4284a5443f17f1962b36e491b30a40b2405849e597ba5fb5")
+		patchGuard := gomonkey.ApplyFunc(utils.UnpackLog, func(c *abi.ABI, out interface{}, event string, log gethTypes.Log) error {
+			tmpOut := out.(*bridgeAbi.L2AppendMessageEvent)
+			tmpOut.MessageHash = msgHash
+			tmpOut.Index = big.NewInt(100)
+			return nil
+		})
+		defer patchGuard.Reset()
+
+		l2Messages, relayedMessages, err := watcher.parseBridgeEventLogs(logs)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Empty(t, l2Messages)
+		assert.Empty(t, relayedMessages)
+	})
+}
--- a/bridge/internal/controller/watcher/watcher_test.go
+++ b/bridge/internal/controller/watcher/watcher_test.go
@@ -100,18 +100,23 @@ func TestFunction(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("TestL1WatcherClientFetchBlockHeader", testL1WatcherClientFetchBlockHeader)
 	t.Run("TestL1WatcherClientFetchContractEvent", testL1WatcherClientFetchContractEvent)
 	t.Run("TestParseBridgeEventLogsL1QueueTransactionEventSignature", testParseBridgeEventLogsL1QueueTransactionEventSignature)
+	t.Run("TestParseBridgeEventLogsL1RelayedMessageEventSignature", testParseBridgeEventLogsL1RelayedMessageEventSignature)
+	t.Run("TestParseBridgeEventLogsL1FailedRelayedMessageEventSignature", testParseBridgeEventLogsL1FailedRelayedMessageEventSignature)
 	t.Run("TestParseBridgeEventLogsL1CommitBatchEventSignature", testParseBridgeEventLogsL1CommitBatchEventSignature)
 	t.Run("TestParseBridgeEventLogsL1FinalizeBatchEventSignature", testParseBridgeEventLogsL1FinalizeBatchEventSignature)

 	// Run l2 watcher test cases.
 	t.Run("TestCreateNewWatcherAndStop", testCreateNewWatcherAndStop)
+	t.Run("TestMonitorBridgeContract", testMonitorBridgeContract)
+	t.Run("TestFetchMultipleSentMessageInOneBlock", testFetchMultipleSentMessageInOneBlock)
 	t.Run("TestFetchRunningMissingBlocks", testFetchRunningMissingBlocks)
+	t.Run("TestParseBridgeEventLogsL2SentMessageEventSignature", testParseBridgeEventLogsL2SentMessageEventSignature)
 	t.Run("TestParseBridgeEventLogsL2RelayedMessageEventSignature", testParseBridgeEventLogsL2RelayedMessageEventSignature)
 	t.Run("TestParseBridgeEventLogsL2FailedRelayedMessageEventSignature", testParseBridgeEventLogsL2FailedRelayedMessageEventSignature)
+	t.Run("TestParseBridgeEventLogsL2AppendMessageEventSignature", testParseBridgeEventLogsL2AppendMessageEventSignature)

-	// Run chunk-proposer test cases.
-	t.Run("TestChunkProposer", testChunkProposer)
-
-	// Run batch-proposer test cases.
-	t.Run("TestBatchProposer", testBatchProposer)
+	// Run batch proposer test cases.
+	t.Run("TestBatchProposerProposeBatch", testBatchProposerProposeBatch)
+	t.Run("TestBatchProposerBatchGeneration", testBatchProposerBatchGeneration)
+	t.Run("TestBatchProposerGracefulRestart", testBatchProposerGracefulRestart)
 }
--- a/bridge/internal/orm/batch.go
+++ b/bridge/internal/orm/batch.go
@@ -1,378 +0,0 @@
-package orm
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"encoding/json"
-	"errors"
-	"fmt"
-	"time"
-
-	"scroll-tech/common/types"
-	"scroll-tech/common/types/message"
-
-	bridgeTypes "scroll-tech/bridge/internal/types"
-
-	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/common"
-	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/log"
-	"gorm.io/gorm"
-)
-
-const defaultBatchHeaderVersion = 0
-
-// Batch represents a batch of chunks.
-type Batch struct {
-	db *gorm.DB `gorm:"column:-"`
-
-	// batch
-	Index           uint64 `json:"index" gorm:"column:index"`
-	Hash            string `json:"hash" gorm:"column:hash"`
-	StartChunkIndex uint64 `json:"start_chunk_index" gorm:"column:start_chunk_index"`
-	StartChunkHash  string `json:"start_chunk_hash" gorm:"column:start_chunk_hash"`
-	EndChunkIndex   uint64 `json:"end_chunk_index" gorm:"column:end_chunk_index"`
-	EndChunkHash    string `json:"end_chunk_hash" gorm:"column:end_chunk_hash"`
-	StateRoot       string `json:"state_root" gorm:"column:state_root"`
-	WithdrawRoot    string `json:"withdraw_root" gorm:"column:withdraw_root"`
-	BatchHeader     []byte `json:"batch_header" gorm:"column:batch_header"`
-
-	// proof
-	ProvingStatus    int16      `json:"proving_status" gorm:"column:proving_status;default:1"`
-	Proof            []byte     `json:"proof" gorm:"column:proof;default:NULL"`
-	ProverAssignedAt *time.Time `json:"prover_assigned_at" gorm:"column:prover_assigned_at;default:NULL"`
-	ProvedAt         *time.Time `json:"proved_at" gorm:"column:proved_at;default:NULL"`
-	ProofTimeSec     int        `json:"proof_time_sec" gorm:"column:proof_time_sec;default:NULL"`
-
-	// rollup
-	RollupStatus   int16      `json:"rollup_status" gorm:"column:rollup_status;default:1"`
-	CommitTxHash   string     `json:"commit_tx_hash" gorm:"column:commit_tx_hash;default:NULL"`
-	CommittedAt    *time.Time `json:"committed_at" gorm:"column:committed_at;default:NULL"`
-	FinalizeTxHash string     `json:"finalize_tx_hash" gorm:"column:finalize_tx_hash;default:NULL"`
-	FinalizedAt    *time.Time `json:"finalized_at" gorm:"column:finalized_at;default:NULL"`
-
-	// gas oracle
-	OracleStatus int16  `json:"oracle_status" gorm:"column:oracle_status;default:1"`
-	OracleTxHash string `json:"oracle_tx_hash" gorm:"column:oracle_tx_hash;default:NULL"`
-
-	// metadata
-	CreatedAt time.Time      `json:"created_at" gorm:"column:created_at"`
-	UpdatedAt time.Time      `json:"updated_at" gorm:"column:updated_at"`
-	DeletedAt gorm.DeletedAt `json:"deleted_at" gorm:"column:deleted_at;default:NULL"`
-}
-
-// NewBatch creates a new Batch database instance.
-func NewBatch(db *gorm.DB) *Batch {
-	return &Batch{db: db}
-}
-
-// TableName returns the table name for the Batch model.
-func (*Batch) TableName() string {
-	return "batch"
-}
-
-// GetBatches retrieves selected batches from the database.
-// The returned batches are sorted in ascending order by their index.
-func (o *Batch) GetBatches(ctx context.Context, fields map[string]interface{}, orderByList []string, limit int) ([]*Batch, error) {
-	db := o.db.WithContext(ctx)
-
-	for key, value := range fields {
-		db = db.Where(key, value)
-	}
-
-	for _, orderBy := range orderByList {
-		db = db.Order(orderBy)
-	}
-
-	if limit > 0 {
-		db = db.Limit(limit)
-	}
-
-	db = db.Order("index ASC")
-
-	var batches []*Batch
-	if err := db.Find(&batches).Error; err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return batches, nil
-}
-
-// GetBatchCount retrieves the total number of batches in the database.
-func (o *Batch) GetBatchCount(ctx context.Context) (uint64, error) {
-	var count int64
-	err := o.db.WithContext(ctx).Model(&Batch{}).Count(&count).Error
-	if err != nil {
-		return 0, err
-	}
-	return uint64(count), nil
-}
-
-// GetVerifiedProofByHash retrieves the verified aggregate proof for a batch with the given hash.
-func (o *Batch) GetVerifiedProofByHash(ctx context.Context, hash string) (*message.AggProof, error) {
-	var batch Batch
-	err := o.db.WithContext(ctx).Where("hash = ? AND proving_status = ?", hash, types.ProvingTaskVerified).First(&batch).Error
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	var proof message.AggProof
-	err = json.Unmarshal(batch.Proof, &proof)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	return &proof, nil
-}
-
-// GetLatestBatch retrieves the latest batch from the database.
-func (o *Batch) GetLatestBatch(ctx context.Context) (*Batch, error) {
-	var latestBatch Batch
-	err := o.db.WithContext(ctx).Order("index desc").First(&latestBatch).Error
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return &latestBatch, nil
-}
-
-// GetRollupStatusByHashList retrieves the rollup statuses for a list of batch hashes.
-func (o *Batch) GetRollupStatusByHashList(ctx context.Context, hashes []string) ([]types.RollupStatus, error) {
-	if len(hashes) == 0 {
-		return []types.RollupStatus{}, nil
-	}
-
-	var batches []Batch
-	err := o.db.WithContext(ctx).Where("hash IN ?", hashes).Find(&batches).Error
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	hashToStatusMap := make(map[string]types.RollupStatus)
-	for _, batch := range batches {
-		hashToStatusMap[batch.Hash] = types.RollupStatus(batch.RollupStatus)
-	}
-
-	var statuses []types.RollupStatus
-	for _, hash := range hashes {
-		status, ok := hashToStatusMap[hash]
-		if !ok {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("hash not found in database: %s", hash)
-		}
-		statuses = append(statuses, status)
-	}
-
-	return statuses, nil
-}
-
-// GetPendingBatches retrieves pending batches up to the specified limit.
-// The returned batches are sorted in ascending order by their index.
-func (o *Batch) GetPendingBatches(ctx context.Context, limit int) ([]*Batch, error) {
-	if limit <= 0 {
-		return nil, errors.New("limit must be greater than zero")
-	}
-
-	var batches []*Batch
-	db := o.db.WithContext(ctx)
-
-	db = db.Where("rollup_status = ?", types.RollupPending).Order("index ASC").Limit(limit)
-
-	if err := db.Find(&batches).Error; err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return batches, nil
-}
-
-// GetBatchByIndex retrieves the batch by the given index.
-func (o *Batch) GetBatchByIndex(ctx context.Context, index uint64) (*Batch, error) {
-	var batch Batch
-	err := o.db.WithContext(ctx).Where("index = ?", index).First(&batch).Error
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return &batch, nil
-}
-
-// InsertBatch inserts a new batch into the database.
-func (o *Batch) InsertBatch(ctx context.Context, startChunkIndex, endChunkIndex uint64, startChunkHash, endChunkHash string, chunks []*bridgeTypes.Chunk, dbTX ...*gorm.DB) (*Batch, error) {
-	if len(chunks) == 0 {
-		return nil, errors.New("invalid args")
-	}
-
-	db := o.db
-	if len(dbTX) > 0 && dbTX[0] != nil {
-		db = dbTX[0]
-	}
-
-	parentBatch, err := o.GetLatestBatch(ctx)
-	if err != nil && !errors.Is(err, gorm.ErrRecordNotFound) {
-		log.Error("failed to get the latest batch", "err", err)
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	var batchIndex uint64
-	var parentBatchHash common.Hash
-	var totalL1MessagePoppedBefore uint64
-	var version uint8 = defaultBatchHeaderVersion
-
-	// if parentBatch==nil then err==gorm.ErrRecordNotFound, which means there's
-	// not batch record in the db, we then use default empty values for the creating batch;
-	// if parentBatch!=nil then err=nil, then we fill the parentBatch-related data into the creating batch
-	if parentBatch != nil {
-		batchIndex = parentBatch.Index + 1
-		parentBatchHash = common.HexToHash(parentBatch.Hash)
-
-		var parentBatchHeader *bridgeTypes.BatchHeader
-		parentBatchHeader, err = bridgeTypes.DecodeBatchHeader(parentBatch.BatchHeader)
-		if err != nil {
-			log.Error("failed to decode parent batch header", "index", parentBatch.Index, "hash", parentBatch.Hash, "err", err)
-			return nil, err
-		}
-
-		totalL1MessagePoppedBefore = parentBatchHeader.TotalL1MessagePopped()
-		version = parentBatchHeader.Version()
-	}
-
-	batchHeader, err := bridgeTypes.NewBatchHeader(version, batchIndex, totalL1MessagePoppedBefore, parentBatchHash, chunks)
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Error("failed to create batch header",
-			"index", batchIndex, "total l1 message popped before", totalL1MessagePoppedBefore,
-			"parent hash", parentBatchHash, "number of chunks", len(chunks), "err", err)
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	numChunks := len(chunks)
-	lastChunkBlockNum := len(chunks[numChunks-1].Blocks)
-
-	newBatch := Batch{
-		Index:           batchIndex,
-		Hash:            batchHeader.Hash().Hex(),
-		StartChunkHash:  startChunkHash,
-		StartChunkIndex: startChunkIndex,
-		EndChunkHash:    endChunkHash,
-		EndChunkIndex:   endChunkIndex,
-		StateRoot:       chunks[numChunks-1].Blocks[lastChunkBlockNum-1].Header.Root.Hex(),
-		WithdrawRoot:    chunks[numChunks-1].Blocks[lastChunkBlockNum-1].WithdrawTrieRoot.Hex(),
-		BatchHeader:     batchHeader.Encode(),
-		ProvingStatus:   int16(types.ProvingTaskUnassigned),
-		RollupStatus:    int16(types.RollupPending),
-	}
-
-	if err := db.WithContext(ctx).Create(&newBatch).Error; err != nil {
-		log.Error("failed to insert batch", "batch", newBatch, "err", err)
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	return &newBatch, nil
-}
-
-// UpdateSkippedBatches updates the skipped batches in the database.
-func (o *Batch) UpdateSkippedBatches(ctx context.Context) (uint64, error) {
-	provingStatusList := []interface{}{
-		int(types.ProvingTaskSkipped),
-		int(types.ProvingTaskFailed),
-	}
-	result := o.db.Model(&Batch{}).Where("rollup_status", int(types.RollupCommitted)).
-		Where("proving_status IN (?)", provingStatusList).Update("rollup_status", int(types.RollupFinalizationSkipped))
-	if result.Error != nil {
-		return 0, result.Error
-	}
-	return uint64(result.RowsAffected), nil
-}
-
-// UpdateL2GasOracleStatusAndOracleTxHash updates the L2 gas oracle status and transaction hash for a batch.
-func (o *Batch) UpdateL2GasOracleStatusAndOracleTxHash(ctx context.Context, hash string, status types.GasOracleStatus, txHash string) error {
-	updateFields := make(map[string]interface{})
-	updateFields["oracle_status"] = int(status)
-	updateFields["oracle_tx_hash"] = txHash
-	if err := o.db.WithContext(ctx).Model(&Batch{}).Where("hash", hash).Updates(updateFields).Error; err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-// UpdateProvingStatus updates the proving status of a batch.
-func (o *Batch) UpdateProvingStatus(ctx context.Context, hash string, status types.ProvingStatus, dbTX ...*gorm.DB) error {
-	db := o.db
-	if len(dbTX) > 0 && dbTX[0] != nil {
-		db = dbTX[0]
-	}
-
-	updateFields := make(map[string]interface{})
-	updateFields["proving_status"] = int(status)
-
-	switch status {
-	case types.ProvingTaskAssigned:
-		updateFields["prover_assigned_at"] = time.Now()
-	case types.ProvingTaskUnassigned:
-		updateFields["prover_assigned_at"] = nil
-	case types.ProvingTaskProved, types.ProvingTaskVerified:
-		updateFields["proved_at"] = time.Now()
-	default:
-	}
-
-	if err := db.Model(&Batch{}).Where("hash", hash).Updates(updateFields).Error; err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-// UpdateRollupStatus updates the rollup status of a batch.
-func (o *Batch) UpdateRollupStatus(ctx context.Context, hash string, status types.RollupStatus, dbTX ...*gorm.DB) error {
-	db := o.db
-	if len(dbTX) > 0 && dbTX[0] != nil {
-		db = dbTX[0]
-	}
-
-	updateFields := make(map[string]interface{})
-	updateFields["rollup_status"] = int(status)
-
-	switch status {
-	case types.RollupCommitted:
-		updateFields["committed_at"] = time.Now()
-	case types.RollupFinalized:
-		updateFields["finalized_at"] = time.Now()
-	}
-	if err := db.Model(&Batch{}).WithContext(ctx).Where("hash", hash).Updates(updateFields).Error; err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-// UpdateCommitTxHashAndRollupStatus updates the commit transaction hash and rollup status for a batch.
-func (o *Batch) UpdateCommitTxHashAndRollupStatus(ctx context.Context, hash string, commitTxHash string, status types.RollupStatus) error {
-	updateFields := make(map[string]interface{})
-	updateFields["commit_tx_hash"] = commitTxHash
-	updateFields["rollup_status"] = int(status)
-	if status == types.RollupCommitted {
-		updateFields["committed_at"] = time.Now()
-	}
-	if err := o.db.WithContext(ctx).Model(&Batch{}).Where("hash", hash).Updates(updateFields).Error; err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-// UpdateFinalizeTxHashAndRollupStatus updates the finalize transaction hash and rollup status for a batch.
-func (o *Batch) UpdateFinalizeTxHashAndRollupStatus(ctx context.Context, hash string, finalizeTxHash string, status types.RollupStatus) error {
-	updateFields := make(map[string]interface{})
-	updateFields["finalize_tx_hash"] = finalizeTxHash
-	updateFields["rollup_status"] = int(status)
-	if status == types.RollupFinalized {
-		updateFields["finalized_at"] = time.Now()
-	}
-	if err := o.db.WithContext(ctx).Model(&Batch{}).Where("hash", hash).Updates(updateFields).Error; err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-// UpdateProofByHash updates the block batch proof by hash.
-// for unit test.
-func (o *Batch) UpdateProofByHash(ctx context.Context, hash string, proof *message.AggProof, proofTimeSec uint64) error {
-	proofBytes, err := json.Marshal(proof)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	updateFields := make(map[string]interface{})
-	updateFields["proof"] = proofBytes
-	updateFields["proof_time_sec"] = proofTimeSec
-	err = o.db.WithContext(ctx).Model(&Batch{}).Where("hash", hash).Updates(updateFields).Error
-	return err
-}
--- a/bridge/internal/orm/block_batch.go
+++ b/bridge/internal/orm/block_batch.go
@@ -0,0 +1,292 @@
+package orm
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/log"
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+
+	"scroll-tech/common/types"
+
+	bridgeTypes "scroll-tech/bridge/internal/types"
+)
+
+// BlockBatch is structure of stored block batch message
+type BlockBatch struct {
+	db *gorm.DB `gorm:"column:-"`
+
+	Hash                string     `json:"hash" gorm:"column:hash"`
+	Index               uint64     `json:"index" gorm:"column:index"`
+	StartBlockNumber    uint64     `json:"start_block_number" gorm:"column:start_block_number"`
+	StartBlockHash      string     `json:"start_block_hash" gorm:"column:start_block_hash"`
+	EndBlockNumber      uint64     `json:"end_block_number" gorm:"column:end_block_number"`
+	EndBlockHash        string     `json:"end_block_hash" gorm:"column:end_block_hash"`
+	ParentHash          string     `json:"parent_hash" gorm:"column:parent_hash"`
+	StateRoot           string     `json:"state_root" gorm:"column:state_root"`
+	TotalTxNum          uint64     `json:"total_tx_num" gorm:"column:total_tx_num"`
+	TotalL1TxNum        uint64     `json:"total_l1_tx_num" gorm:"column:total_l1_tx_num"`
+	TotalL2Gas          uint64     `json:"total_l2_gas" gorm:"column:total_l2_gas"`
+	ProvingStatus       int        `json:"proving_status" gorm:"column:proving_status;default:1"`
+	Proof               []byte     `json:"proof" gorm:"column:proof"`
+	InstanceCommitments []byte     `json:"instance_commitments" gorm:"column:instance_commitments"`
+	ProofTimeSec        uint64     `json:"proof_time_sec" gorm:"column:proof_time_sec;default:0"`
+	RollupStatus        int        `json:"rollup_status" gorm:"column:rollup_status;default:1"`
+	CommitTxHash        string     `json:"commit_tx_hash" gorm:"column:commit_tx_hash;default:NULL"`
+	OracleStatus        int        `json:"oracle_status" gorm:"column:oracle_status;default:1"`
+	OracleTxHash        string     `json:"oracle_tx_hash" gorm:"column:oracle_tx_hash;default:NULL"`
+	FinalizeTxHash      string     `json:"finalize_tx_hash" gorm:"column:finalize_tx_hash;default:NULL"`
+	CreatedAt           time.Time  `json:"created_at" gorm:"column:created_at;default:CURRENT_TIMESTAMP()"`
+	ProverAssignedAt    *time.Time `json:"prover_assigned_at" gorm:"column:prover_assigned_at;default:NULL"`
+	ProvedAt            *time.Time `json:"proved_at" gorm:"column:proved_at;default:NULL"`
+	CommittedAt         *time.Time `json:"committed_at" gorm:"column:committed_at;default:NULL"`
+	FinalizedAt         *time.Time `json:"finalized_at" gorm:"column:finalized_at;default:NULL"`
+}
+
+// NewBlockBatch create an blockBatchOrm instance
+func NewBlockBatch(db *gorm.DB) *BlockBatch {
+	return &BlockBatch{db: db}
+}
+
+// TableName define the BlockBatch table name
+func (*BlockBatch) TableName() string {
+	return "block_batch"
+}
+
+// GetBatchCount get the batch count
+func (o *BlockBatch) GetBatchCount() (int64, error) {
+	var count int64
+	if err := o.db.Model(&BlockBatch{}).Count(&count).Error; err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	return count, nil
+}
+
+// GetBlockBatches get the select block batches
+func (o *BlockBatch) GetBlockBatches(fields map[string]interface{}, orderByList []string, limit int) ([]BlockBatch, error) {
+	var blockBatches []BlockBatch
+	db := o.db
+	for key, value := range fields {
+		db = db.Where(key, value)
+	}
+
+	for _, orderBy := range orderByList {
+		db = db.Order(orderBy)
+	}
+
+	if limit != 0 {
+		db = db.Limit(limit)
+	}
+
+	if err := db.Find(&blockBatches).Error; err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return blockBatches, nil
+}
+
+// GetBlockBatchesHashByRollupStatus get the block batches by rollup status
+func (o *BlockBatch) GetBlockBatchesHashByRollupStatus(status types.RollupStatus, limit int) ([]string, error) {
+	var blockBatches []BlockBatch
+	err := o.db.Select("hash").Where("rollup_status", int(status)).Order("index ASC").Limit(limit).Find(&blockBatches).Error
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	var hashes []string
+	for _, v := range blockBatches {
+		hashes = append(hashes, v.Hash)
+	}
+	return hashes, nil
+}
+
+// GetVerifiedProofAndInstanceCommitmentsByHash get verified proof and instance comments by hash
+func (o *BlockBatch) GetVerifiedProofAndInstanceCommitmentsByHash(hash string) ([]byte, []byte, error) {
+	var blockBatch BlockBatch
+	err := o.db.Select("proof, instance_commitments").Where("hash", hash).Where("proving_status", int(types.ProvingTaskVerified)).Find(&blockBatch).Error
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, err
+	}
+	return blockBatch.Proof, blockBatch.InstanceCommitments, nil
+}
+
+// GetLatestBatch get the latest batch
+// because we will `initializeGenesis()` when we start the `L2Watcher`, so a batch must exist.
+func (o *BlockBatch) GetLatestBatch() (*BlockBatch, error) {
+	var blockBatch BlockBatch
+	err := o.db.Order("index DESC").Limit(1).First(&blockBatch).Error
+	if err != nil && !errors.Is(err, gorm.ErrRecordNotFound) {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &blockBatch, nil
+}
+
+// GetLatestBatchByRollupStatus get the latest block batch by rollup status
+func (o *BlockBatch) GetLatestBatchByRollupStatus(rollupStatuses []types.RollupStatus) (*BlockBatch, error) {
+	var tmpRollupStatus []int
+	for _, v := range rollupStatuses {
+		tmpRollupStatus = append(tmpRollupStatus, int(v))
+	}
+	var blockBatch BlockBatch
+	err := o.db.Where("rollup_status IN (?)", tmpRollupStatus).Order("index DESC").Limit(1).First(&blockBatch).Error
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &blockBatch, nil
+}
+
+// GetRollupStatusByHashList get rollup status by hash list
+func (o *BlockBatch) GetRollupStatusByHashList(hashes []string) ([]types.RollupStatus, error) {
+	if len(hashes) == 0 {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	var blockBatches []BlockBatch
+	err := o.db.Select("hash, rollup_status").Where("hash IN (?)", hashes).Find(&blockBatches).Error
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	var statuses []types.RollupStatus
+	for _, v := range blockBatches {
+		statuses = append(statuses, types.RollupStatus(v.RollupStatus))
+	}
+	return statuses, nil
+}
+
+// InsertBlockBatchByBatchData insert a block batch data by the BatchData
+func (o *BlockBatch) InsertBlockBatchByBatchData(tx *gorm.DB, batchData *bridgeTypes.BatchData) (int64, error) {
+	var db *gorm.DB
+	if tx != nil {
+		db = tx
+	} else {
+		db = o.db
+	}
+
+	numBlocks := len(batchData.Batch.Blocks)
+	insertBlockBatch := BlockBatch{
+		Hash:             batchData.Hash().Hex(),
+		Index:            batchData.Batch.BatchIndex,
+		StartBlockNumber: batchData.Batch.Blocks[0].BlockNumber,
+		StartBlockHash:   batchData.Batch.Blocks[0].BlockHash.Hex(),
+		EndBlockNumber:   batchData.Batch.Blocks[numBlocks-1].BlockNumber,
+		EndBlockHash:     batchData.Batch.Blocks[numBlocks-1].BlockHash.Hex(),
+		ParentHash:       batchData.Batch.ParentBatchHash.Hex(),
+		StateRoot:        batchData.Batch.NewStateRoot.Hex(),
+		TotalTxNum:       batchData.TotalTxNum,
+		TotalL1TxNum:     batchData.TotalL1TxNum,
+		TotalL2Gas:       batchData.TotalL2Gas,
+		CreatedAt:        time.Now(),
+	}
+	result := db.Create(&insertBlockBatch)
+	if result.Error != nil {
+		log.Error("failed to insert block batch by batchData", "err", result.Error)
+		return 0, result.Error
+	}
+	return result.RowsAffected, nil
+}
+
+// UpdateProvingStatus update the proving status
+func (o *BlockBatch) UpdateProvingStatus(hash string, status types.ProvingStatus) error {
+	updateFields := make(map[string]interface{})
+	updateFields["proving_status"] = int(status)
+
+	switch status {
+	case types.ProvingTaskAssigned:
+		updateFields["prover_assigned_at"] = time.Now()
+	case types.ProvingTaskUnassigned:
+		updateFields["prover_assigned_at"] = nil
+	case types.ProvingTaskProved, types.ProvingTaskVerified:
+		updateFields["proved_at"] = time.Now()
+	default:
+	}
+
+	if err := o.db.Model(&BlockBatch{}).Where("hash", hash).Updates(updateFields).Error; err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// UpdateRollupStatus update the rollup status
+func (o *BlockBatch) UpdateRollupStatus(ctx context.Context, hash string, status types.RollupStatus) error {
+	updateFields := make(map[string]interface{})
+	updateFields["rollup_status"] = int(status)
+
+	switch status {
+	case types.RollupCommitted:
+		updateFields["committed_at"] = time.Now()
+	case types.RollupFinalized:
+		updateFields["finalized_at"] = time.Now()
+	}
+	if err := o.db.Model(&BlockBatch{}).WithContext(ctx).Where("hash", hash).Updates(updateFields).Error; err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// UpdateSkippedBatches update the skipped batches
+func (o *BlockBatch) UpdateSkippedBatches() (int64, error) {
+	provingStatusList := []interface{}{
+		int(types.ProvingTaskSkipped),
+		int(types.ProvingTaskFailed),
+	}
+	result := o.db.Model(&BlockBatch{}).Where("rollup_status", int(types.RollupCommitted)).
+		Where("proving_status IN (?)", provingStatusList).Update("rollup_status", int(types.RollupFinalizationSkipped))
+	if result.Error != nil {
+		return 0, result.Error
+	}
+	return result.RowsAffected, nil
+}
+
+// UpdateCommitTxHashAndRollupStatus update the commit tx hash and rollup status
+func (o *BlockBatch) UpdateCommitTxHashAndRollupStatus(ctx context.Context, hash string, commitTxHash string, status types.RollupStatus) error {
+	updateFields := make(map[string]interface{})
+	updateFields["commit_tx_hash"] = commitTxHash
+	updateFields["rollup_status"] = int(status)
+	if status == types.RollupCommitted {
+		updateFields["committed_at"] = time.Now()
+	}
+	if err := o.db.WithContext(ctx).Model(&BlockBatch{}).Where("hash", hash).Updates(updateFields).Error; err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// UpdateFinalizeTxHashAndRollupStatus update the finalize tx hash and rollup status
+func (o *BlockBatch) UpdateFinalizeTxHashAndRollupStatus(ctx context.Context, hash string, finalizeTxHash string, status types.RollupStatus) error {
+	updateFields := make(map[string]interface{})
+	updateFields["finalize_tx_hash"] = finalizeTxHash
+	updateFields["rollup_status"] = int(status)
+	if status == types.RollupFinalized {
+		updateFields["finalized_at"] = time.Now()
+	}
+	if err := o.db.WithContext(ctx).Model(&BlockBatch{}).Where("hash", hash).Updates(updateFields).Error; err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// UpdateL2GasOracleStatusAndOracleTxHash update the l2 gas oracle status and oracle tx hash
+func (o *BlockBatch) UpdateL2GasOracleStatusAndOracleTxHash(ctx context.Context, hash string, status types.GasOracleStatus, txHash string) error {
+	updateFields := make(map[string]interface{})
+	updateFields["oracle_status"] = int(status)
+	updateFields["oracle_tx_hash"] = txHash
+	if err := o.db.WithContext(ctx).Model(&BlockBatch{}).Where("hash", hash).Updates(updateFields).Error; err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// UpdateProofByHash update the block batch proof by hash
+// for unit test
+func (o *BlockBatch) UpdateProofByHash(ctx context.Context, hash string, proof, instanceCommitments []byte, proofTimeSec uint64) error {
+	updateFields := make(map[string]interface{})
+	updateFields["proof"] = proof
+	updateFields["instance_commitments"] = instanceCommitments
+	updateFields["proof_time_sec"] = proofTimeSec
+	err := o.db.WithContext(ctx).Model(&BlockBatch{}).Where("hash", hash).Updates(updateFields).Error
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Error("failed to update proof", "err", err)
+	}
+	return err
+}
--- a/bridge/internal/orm/block_trace.go
+++ b/bridge/internal/orm/block_trace.go
@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+package orm
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+
+	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/log"
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+
+	"scroll-tech/bridge/internal/types"
+)
+
+// BlockTrace is structure of stored block trace message
+type BlockTrace struct {
+	db *gorm.DB `gorm:"column:-"`
+
+	Number         uint64 `json:"number" gorm:"number"`
+	Hash           string `json:"hash" gorm:"hash"`
+	ParentHash     string `json:"parent_hash" gorm:"parent_hash"`
+	Trace          string `json:"trace" gorm:"column:trace"`
+	BatchHash      string `json:"batch_hash" gorm:"batch_hash;default:NULL"`
+	TxNum          uint64 `json:"tx_num" gorm:"tx_num"`
+	GasUsed        uint64 `json:"gas_used" gorm:"gas_used"`
+	BlockTimestamp uint64 `json:"block_timestamp" gorm:"block_timestamp"`
+}
+
+// NewBlockTrace create an blockTraceOrm instance
+func NewBlockTrace(db *gorm.DB) *BlockTrace {
+	return &BlockTrace{db: db}
+}
+
+// TableName define the BlockTrace table name
+func (*BlockTrace) TableName() string {
+	return "block_trace"
+}
+
+// GetL2BlocksLatestHeight get the l2 blocks latest height
+func (o *BlockTrace) GetL2BlocksLatestHeight() (int64, error) {
+	result := o.db.Model(&BlockTrace{}).Select("COALESCE(MAX(number), -1)").Row()
+	if result.Err() != nil {
+		return -1, result.Err()
+	}
+	var maxNumber int64
+	if err := result.Scan(&maxNumber); err != nil {
+		return -1, err
+	}
+	return maxNumber, nil
+}
+
+// GetL2WrappedBlocks get the l2 wrapped blocks
+func (o *BlockTrace) GetL2WrappedBlocks(fields map[string]interface{}) ([]*types.WrappedBlock, error) {
+	var blockTraces []BlockTrace
+	db := o.db.Select("trace")
+	for key, value := range fields {
+		db = db.Where(key, value)
+	}
+	if err := db.Find(&blockTraces).Error; err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	var wrappedBlocks []*types.WrappedBlock
+	for _, v := range blockTraces {
+		var wrappedBlock types.WrappedBlock
+		if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(v.Trace), &wrappedBlock); err != nil {
+			break
+		}
+		wrappedBlocks = append(wrappedBlocks, &wrappedBlock)
+	}
+	return wrappedBlocks, nil
+}
+
+// GetL2BlockInfos get l2 block infos
+func (o *BlockTrace) GetL2BlockInfos(fields map[string]interface{}, orderByList []string, limit int) ([]BlockTrace, error) {
+	var blockTraces []BlockTrace
+	db := o.db.Select("number, hash, parent_hash, batch_hash, tx_num, gas_used, block_timestamp")
+	for key, value := range fields {
+		db = db.Where(key, value)
+	}
+
+	for _, orderBy := range orderByList {
+		db = db.Order(orderBy)
+	}
+
+	if limit != 0 {
+		db = db.Limit(limit)
+	}
+
+	if err := db.Find(&blockTraces).Error; err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return blockTraces, nil
+}
+
+// GetUnbatchedL2Blocks get unbatched l2 blocks
+func (o *BlockTrace) GetUnbatchedL2Blocks(fields map[string]interface{}, orderByList []string, limit int) ([]BlockTrace, error) {
+	var unbatchedBlockTraces []BlockTrace
+	db := o.db.Select("number, hash, parent_hash, batch_hash, tx_num, gas_used, block_timestamp").Where("batch_hash is NULL")
+	for key, value := range fields {
+		db = db.Where(key, value)
+	}
+	if err := db.Find(&unbatchedBlockTraces).Error; err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return unbatchedBlockTraces, nil
+}
+
+// InsertWrappedBlocks insert block to block trace
+func (o *BlockTrace) InsertWrappedBlocks(blocks []*types.WrappedBlock) error {
+	var blockTraces []BlockTrace
+	for _, block := range blocks {
+		number := block.Header.Number.Uint64()
+		hash := block.Header.Hash().String()
+		txNum := len(block.Transactions)
+		mtime := block.Header.Time
+		gasCost := block.Header.GasUsed
+
+		data, err := json.Marshal(block)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Error("failed to marshal block", "hash", hash, "err", err)
+			return err
+		}
+
+		tmpBlockTrace := BlockTrace{
+			Number:         number,
+			Hash:           hash,
+			ParentHash:     block.Header.ParentHash.String(),
+			Trace:          string(data),
+			TxNum:          uint64(txNum),
+			GasUsed:        gasCost,
+			BlockTimestamp: mtime,
+		}
+		blockTraces = append(blockTraces, tmpBlockTrace)
+	}
+
+	if err := o.db.Create(&blockTraces).Error; err != nil {
+		log.Error("failed to insert blockTraces", "err", err)
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// UpdateBatchHashForL2Blocks update the batch_hash of block trace
+func (o *BlockTrace) UpdateBatchHashForL2Blocks(tx *gorm.DB, numbers []uint64, batchHash string) error {
+	var db *gorm.DB
+	if tx != nil {
+		db = tx
+	} else {
+		db = o.db
+	}
+
+	err := db.Model(&BlockTrace{}).Where("number IN (?)", numbers).Update("batch_hash", batchHash).Error
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
--- a/bridge/internal/orm/chunk.go
+++ b/bridge/internal/orm/chunk.go
@@ -1,218 +0,0 @@
-package orm
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"errors"
-	"time"
-
-	"scroll-tech/common/types"
-
-	bridgeTypes "scroll-tech/bridge/internal/types"
-
-	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/log"
-	"gorm.io/gorm"
-)
-
-// Chunk represents a chunk of blocks in the database.
-type Chunk struct {
-	db *gorm.DB `gorm:"-"`
-
-	// chunk
-	Index                        uint64 `json:"index" gorm:"column:index"`
-	Hash                         string `json:"hash" gorm:"column:hash"`
-	StartBlockNumber             uint64 `json:"start_block_number" gorm:"column:start_block_number"`
-	StartBlockHash               string `json:"start_block_hash" gorm:"column:start_block_hash"`
-	EndBlockNumber               uint64 `json:"end_block_number" gorm:"column:end_block_number"`
-	EndBlockHash                 string `json:"end_block_hash" gorm:"column:end_block_hash"`
-	StartBlockTime               uint64 `json:"start_block_time" gorm:"column:start_block_time"`
-	TotalL1MessagesPoppedBefore  uint64 `json:"total_l1_messages_popped_before" gorm:"column:total_l1_messages_popped_before"`
-	TotalL1MessagesPoppedInChunk uint64 `json:"total_l1_messages_popped_in_chunk" gorm:"column:total_l1_messages_popped_in_chunk"`
-
-	// proof
-	ProvingStatus    int16      `json:"proving_status" gorm:"column:proving_status;default:1"`
-	Proof            []byte     `json:"proof" gorm:"column:proof;default:NULL"`
-	ProverAssignedAt *time.Time `json:"prover_assigned_at" gorm:"column:prover_assigned_at;default:NULL"`
-	ProvedAt         *time.Time `json:"proved_at" gorm:"column:proved_at;default:NULL"`
-	ProofTimeSec     int16      `json:"proof_time_sec" gorm:"column:proof_time_sec;default:NULL"`
-
-	// batch
-	BatchHash string `json:"batch_hash" gorm:"column:batch_hash;default:NULL"`
-
-	// metadata
-	TotalL2TxGas              uint64         `json:"total_l2_tx_gas" gorm:"column:total_l2_tx_gas"`
-	TotalL2TxNum              uint64         `json:"total_l2_tx_num" gorm:"column:total_l2_tx_num"`
-	TotalL1CommitCalldataSize uint64         `json:"total_l1_commit_calldata_size" gorm:"column:total_l1_commit_calldata_size"`
-	TotalL1CommitGas          uint64         `json:"total_l1_commit_gas" gorm:"column:total_l1_commit_gas"`
-	CreatedAt                 time.Time      `json:"created_at" gorm:"column:created_at"`
-	UpdatedAt                 time.Time      `json:"updated_at" gorm:"column:updated_at"`
-	DeletedAt                 gorm.DeletedAt `json:"deleted_at" gorm:"column:deleted_at;default:NULL"`
-}
-
-// NewChunk creates a new Chunk database instance.
-func NewChunk(db *gorm.DB) *Chunk {
-	return &Chunk{db: db}
-}
-
-// TableName returns the table name for the chunk model.
-func (*Chunk) TableName() string {
-	return "chunk"
-}
-
-// GetChunksInRange retrieves chunks within a given range (inclusive) from the database.
-// The range is closed, i.e., it includes both start and end indices.
-// The returned chunks are sorted in ascending order by their index.
-func (o *Chunk) GetChunksInRange(ctx context.Context, startIndex uint64, endIndex uint64) ([]*Chunk, error) {
-	if startIndex > endIndex {
-		return nil, errors.New("start index should be less than or equal to end index")
-	}
-
-	var chunks []*Chunk
-	db := o.db.WithContext(ctx).Where("index >= ? AND index <= ?", startIndex, endIndex)
-	db = db.Order("index ASC")
-
-	if err := db.Find(&chunks).Error; err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	if startIndex+uint64(len(chunks)) != endIndex+1 {
-		return nil, errors.New("number of chunks not expected in the specified range")
-	}
-
-	return chunks, nil
-}
-
-// GetUnbatchedChunks retrieves unbatched chunks from the database.
-func (o *Chunk) GetUnbatchedChunks(ctx context.Context) ([]*Chunk, error) {
-	var chunks []*Chunk
-	err := o.db.WithContext(ctx).
-		Where("batch_hash IS NULL").
-		Order("index asc").
-		Find(&chunks).Error
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return chunks, nil
-}
-
-// GetLatestChunk retrieves the latest chunk from the database.
-func (o *Chunk) GetLatestChunk(ctx context.Context) (*Chunk, error) {
-	var latestChunk Chunk
-	err := o.db.WithContext(ctx).
-		Order("index desc").
-		First(&latestChunk).Error
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return &latestChunk, nil
-}
-
-// InsertChunk inserts a new chunk into the database.
-func (o *Chunk) InsertChunk(ctx context.Context, chunk *bridgeTypes.Chunk, dbTX ...*gorm.DB) (*Chunk, error) {
-	if chunk == nil || len(chunk.Blocks) == 0 {
-		return nil, errors.New("invalid args")
-	}
-
-	db := o.db
-	if len(dbTX) > 0 && dbTX[0] != nil {
-		db = dbTX[0]
-	}
-
-	var chunkIndex uint64
-	var totalL1MessagePoppedBefore uint64
-	parentChunk, err := o.GetLatestChunk(ctx)
-	if err != nil && !errors.Is(err, gorm.ErrRecordNotFound) {
-		log.Error("failed to get latest chunk", "err", err)
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	// if parentChunk==nil then err==gorm.ErrRecordNotFound, which means there's
-	// not chunk record in the db, we then use default empty values for the creating chunk;
-	// if parentChunk!=nil then err=nil, then we fill the parentChunk-related data into the creating chunk
-	if parentChunk != nil {
-		chunkIndex = parentChunk.Index + 1
-		totalL1MessagePoppedBefore = parentChunk.TotalL1MessagesPoppedBefore + parentChunk.TotalL1MessagesPoppedInChunk
-	}
-
-	hash, err := chunk.Hash(totalL1MessagePoppedBefore)
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Error("failed to get chunk hash", "err", err)
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	var totalL2TxGas uint64
-	var totalL2TxNum uint64
-	var totalL1CommitCalldataSize uint64
-	var totalL1CommitGas uint64
-	for _, block := range chunk.Blocks {
-		totalL2TxGas += block.Header.GasUsed
-		totalL2TxNum += block.L2TxsNum()
-		totalL1CommitCalldataSize += block.EstimateL1CommitCalldataSize()
-		totalL1CommitGas += block.EstimateL1CommitGas()
-	}
-
-	numBlocks := len(chunk.Blocks)
-	newChunk := Chunk{
-		Index:                        chunkIndex,
-		Hash:                         hash.Hex(),
-		StartBlockNumber:             chunk.Blocks[0].Header.Number.Uint64(),
-		StartBlockHash:               chunk.Blocks[0].Header.Hash().Hex(),
-		EndBlockNumber:               chunk.Blocks[numBlocks-1].Header.Number.Uint64(),
-		EndBlockHash:                 chunk.Blocks[numBlocks-1].Header.Hash().Hex(),
-		TotalL2TxGas:                 totalL2TxGas,
-		TotalL2TxNum:                 totalL2TxNum,
-		TotalL1CommitCalldataSize:    totalL1CommitCalldataSize,
-		TotalL1CommitGas:             totalL1CommitGas,
-		StartBlockTime:               chunk.Blocks[0].Header.Time,
-		TotalL1MessagesPoppedBefore:  totalL1MessagePoppedBefore,
-		TotalL1MessagesPoppedInChunk: chunk.NumL1Messages(totalL1MessagePoppedBefore),
-		ProvingStatus:                int16(types.ProvingTaskUnassigned),
-	}
-
-	if err := db.Create(&newChunk).Error; err != nil {
-		log.Error("failed to insert chunk", "hash", hash, "err", err)
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	return &newChunk, nil
-}
-
-// UpdateProvingStatus updates the proving status of a chunk.
-func (o *Chunk) UpdateProvingStatus(ctx context.Context, hash string, status types.ProvingStatus, dbTX ...*gorm.DB) error {
-	db := o.db
-	if len(dbTX) > 0 && dbTX[0] != nil {
-		db = dbTX[0]
-	}
-
-	updateFields := make(map[string]interface{})
-	updateFields["proving_status"] = int(status)
-
-	switch status {
-	case types.ProvingTaskAssigned:
-		updateFields["prover_assigned_at"] = time.Now()
-	case types.ProvingTaskUnassigned:
-		updateFields["prover_assigned_at"] = nil
-	case types.ProvingTaskProved, types.ProvingTaskVerified:
-		updateFields["proved_at"] = time.Now()
-	default:
-	}
-
-	if err := db.Model(&Chunk{}).Where("hash", hash).Updates(updateFields).Error; err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-// UpdateBatchHashInRange updates the batch_hash for chunks within the specified range (inclusive).
-// The range is closed, i.e., it includes both start and end indices.
-func (o *Chunk) UpdateBatchHashInRange(ctx context.Context, startIndex uint64, endIndex uint64, batchHash string, dbTX ...*gorm.DB) error {
-	db := o.db
-	if len(dbTX) > 0 && dbTX[0] != nil {
-		db = dbTX[0]
-	}
-	db = db.Model(&Chunk{}).Where("index >= ? AND index <= ?", startIndex, endIndex)
-
-	if err := db.Update("batch_hash", batchHash).Error; err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	return nil
-}
--- a/bridge/internal/orm/common.go
+++ b/bridge/internal/orm/common.go
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+package orm
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+
+	bridgeTypes "scroll-tech/bridge/internal/types"
+)
+
+// AddBatchInfoToDB inserts the batch information to the BlockBatch table and updates the batch_hash
+// in all blocks included in the batch.
+func AddBatchInfoToDB(db *gorm.DB, batchData *bridgeTypes.BatchData) error {
+	blockBatch := NewBlockBatch(db)
+	blockTrace := NewBlockTrace(db)
+	err := db.Transaction(func(tx *gorm.DB) error {
+		rowsAffected, dbTxErr := blockBatch.InsertBlockBatchByBatchData(tx, batchData)
+		if dbTxErr != nil {
+			return dbTxErr
+		}
+		if rowsAffected != 1 {
+			dbTxErr = errors.New("the InsertBlockBatchByBatchData affected row is not 1")
+			return dbTxErr
+		}
+
+		var blockIDs = make([]uint64, len(batchData.Batch.Blocks))
+		for i, block := range batchData.Batch.Blocks {
+			blockIDs[i] = block.BlockNumber
+		}
+
+		dbTxErr = blockTrace.UpdateBatchHashForL2Blocks(tx, blockIDs, batchData.Hash().Hex())
+		if dbTxErr != nil {
+			return dbTxErr
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
+	return err
+}
--- a/bridge/internal/orm/l1_message.go
+++ b/bridge/internal/orm/l1_message.go
@@ -52,16 +52,6 @@ func (m *L1Message) GetLayer1LatestWatchedHeight() (int64, error) {
 	return -1, nil
 }

-// GetLayer1LatestMessageWithLayer2Hash returns latest l1 message with layer2 hash
-func (m *L1Message) GetLayer1LatestMessageWithLayer2Hash() (*L1Message, error) {
-	var msg *L1Message
-	err := m.db.Where("layer2_hash IS NOT NULL").Order("queue_index DESC").First(&msg).Error
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return msg, nil
-}
-
 // GetL1MessagesByStatus fetch list of unprocessed messages given msg status
 func (m *L1Message) GetL1MessagesByStatus(status types.MsgStatus, limit uint64) ([]L1Message, error) {
 	var msgs []L1Message
--- a/bridge/internal/orm/l2_block.go
+++ b/bridge/internal/orm/l2_block.go
@@ -1,208 +0,0 @@
-package orm
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"encoding/json"
-	"errors"
-	"fmt"
-
-	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/common"
-	gethTypes "github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/core/types"
-	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/log"
-	"gorm.io/gorm"
-
-	"scroll-tech/bridge/internal/types"
-)
-
-// L2Block represents a l2 block in the database.
-type L2Block struct {
-	db *gorm.DB `gorm:"column:-"`
-
-	Number           uint64 `json:"number" gorm:"number"`
-	Hash             string `json:"hash" gorm:"hash"`
-	ParentHash       string `json:"parent_hash" gorm:"parent_hash"`
-	Header           string `json:"header" gorm:"header"`
-	Transactions     string `json:"transactions" gorm:"transactions"`
-	WithdrawTrieRoot string `json:"withdraw_trie_root" gorm:"withdraw_trie_root"`
-	TxNum            uint64 `json:"tx_num" gorm:"tx_num"`
-	GasUsed          uint64 `json:"gas_used" gorm:"gas_used"`
-	BlockTimestamp   uint64 `json:"block_timestamp" gorm:"block_timestamp"`
-	ChunkHash        string `json:"chunk_hash" gorm:"chunk_hash;default:NULL"`
-}
-
-// NewL2Block creates a new L2Block instance
-func NewL2Block(db *gorm.DB) *L2Block {
-	return &L2Block{db: db}
-}
-
-// TableName returns the name of the "l2_block" table.
-func (*L2Block) TableName() string {
-	return "l2_block"
-}
-
-// GetL2BlocksLatestHeight retrieves the height of the latest L2 block.
-// If the l2_block table is empty, it returns 0 to represent the genesis block height.
-// In case of an error, it returns -1 along with the error.
-func (o *L2Block) GetL2BlocksLatestHeight(ctx context.Context) (int64, error) {
-	var maxNumber int64
-	if err := o.db.WithContext(ctx).Model(&L2Block{}).Select("COALESCE(MAX(number), 0)").Row().Scan(&maxNumber); err != nil {
-		return -1, err
-	}
-
-	return maxNumber, nil
-}
-
-// GetUnchunkedBlocks get the l2 blocks that have not been put into a chunk.
-// The returned blocks are sorted in ascending order by their block number.
-func (o *L2Block) GetUnchunkedBlocks(ctx context.Context) ([]*types.WrappedBlock, error) {
-	var l2Blocks []L2Block
-	if err := o.db.WithContext(ctx).Select("header, transactions, withdraw_trie_root").
-		Where("chunk_hash IS NULL").
-		Order("number asc").
-		Find(&l2Blocks).Error; err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	var wrappedBlocks []*types.WrappedBlock
-	for _, v := range l2Blocks {
-		var wrappedBlock types.WrappedBlock
-
-		if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(v.Transactions), &wrappedBlock.Transactions); err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-
-		wrappedBlock.Header = &gethTypes.Header{}
-		if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(v.Header), wrappedBlock.Header); err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-
-		wrappedBlock.WithdrawTrieRoot = common.HexToHash(v.WithdrawTrieRoot)
-		wrappedBlocks = append(wrappedBlocks, &wrappedBlock)
-	}
-
-	return wrappedBlocks, nil
-}
-
-// GetL2Blocks retrieves selected L2Blocks from the database.
-// The returned L2Blocks are sorted in ascending order by their block number.
-func (o *L2Block) GetL2Blocks(ctx context.Context, fields map[string]interface{}, orderByList []string, limit int) ([]*L2Block, error) {
-	db := o.db.WithContext(ctx)
-
-	for key, value := range fields {
-		db = db.Where(key, value)
-	}
-
-	for _, orderBy := range orderByList {
-		db = db.Order(orderBy)
-	}
-
-	if limit > 0 {
-		db = db.Limit(limit)
-	}
-
-	db = db.Order("number ASC")
-
-	var l2Blocks []*L2Block
-	if err := db.Find(&l2Blocks).Error; err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return l2Blocks, nil
-}
-
-// GetL2BlocksInRange retrieves the L2 blocks within the specified range (inclusive).
-// The range is closed, i.e., it includes both start and end block numbers.
-// The returned blocks are sorted in ascending order by their block number.
-func (o *L2Block) GetL2BlocksInRange(ctx context.Context, startBlockNumber uint64, endBlockNumber uint64) ([]*types.WrappedBlock, error) {
-	if startBlockNumber > endBlockNumber {
-		return nil, errors.New("start block number should be less than or equal to end block number")
-	}
-
-	var l2Blocks []L2Block
-	db := o.db.WithContext(ctx)
-	db = db.Where("number >= ? AND number <= ?", startBlockNumber, endBlockNumber)
-	db = db.Order("number ASC")
-
-	if err := db.Find(&l2Blocks).Error; err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	if uint64(len(l2Blocks)) != endBlockNumber-startBlockNumber+1 {
-		return nil, errors.New("number of blocks not expected in the specified range")
-	}
-
-	var wrappedBlocks []*types.WrappedBlock
-	for _, v := range l2Blocks {
-		var wrappedBlock types.WrappedBlock
-
-		if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(v.Transactions), &wrappedBlock.Transactions); err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-
-		wrappedBlock.Header = &gethTypes.Header{}
-		if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(v.Header), wrappedBlock.Header); err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-
-		wrappedBlock.WithdrawTrieRoot = common.HexToHash(v.WithdrawTrieRoot)
-		wrappedBlocks = append(wrappedBlocks, &wrappedBlock)
-	}
-
-	return wrappedBlocks, nil
-}
-
-// InsertL2Blocks inserts l2 blocks into the "l2_block" table.
-func (o *L2Block) InsertL2Blocks(ctx context.Context, blocks []*types.WrappedBlock) error {
-	var l2Blocks []L2Block
-	for _, block := range blocks {
-		header, err := json.Marshal(block.Header)
-		if err != nil {
-			log.Error("failed to marshal block header", "hash", block.Header.Hash().String(), "err", err)
-			return err
-		}
-
-		txs, err := json.Marshal(block.Transactions)
-		if err != nil {
-			log.Error("failed to marshal transactions", "hash", block.Header.Hash().String(), "err", err)
-			return err
-		}
-
-		l2Block := L2Block{
-			Number:           block.Header.Number.Uint64(),
-			Hash:             block.Header.Hash().String(),
-			ParentHash:       block.Header.ParentHash.String(),
-			Transactions:     string(txs),
-			WithdrawTrieRoot: block.WithdrawTrieRoot.Hex(),
-			TxNum:            uint64(len(block.Transactions)),
-			GasUsed:          block.Header.GasUsed,
-			BlockTimestamp:   block.Header.Time,
-			Header:           string(header),
-		}
-		l2Blocks = append(l2Blocks, l2Block)
-	}
-
-	if err := o.db.WithContext(ctx).Create(&l2Blocks).Error; err != nil {
-		log.Error("failed to insert l2Blocks", "err", err)
-		return err
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-// UpdateChunkHashInRange updates the chunk_hash of block tx within the specified range (inclusive).
-// The range is closed, i.e., it includes both start and end indices.
-// This function ensures the number of rows updated must equal to (endIndex - startIndex + 1).
-// If the rows affected do not match this expectation, an error is returned.
-func (o *L2Block) UpdateChunkHashInRange(ctx context.Context, startIndex uint64, endIndex uint64, chunkHash string, dbTX ...*gorm.DB) error {
-	db := o.db
-	if len(dbTX) > 0 && dbTX[0] != nil {
-		db = dbTX[0]
-	}
-
-	db = db.WithContext(ctx).Model(&L2Block{}).Where("number >= ? AND number <= ?", startIndex, endIndex)
-	tx := db.Update("chunk_hash", chunkHash)
-
-	if tx.RowsAffected != int64(endIndex-startIndex+1) {
-		return fmt.Errorf("expected %d rows to be updated, got %d", endIndex-startIndex+1, tx.RowsAffected)
-	}
-
-	return tx.Error
-}
--- a/bridge/internal/orm/l2_message.go
+++ b/bridge/internal/orm/l2_message.go
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+package orm
+
+import (
+	"context"
+
+	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/log"
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+
+	"scroll-tech/common/types"
+)
+
+// L2Message is structure of stored layer2 bridge message
+type L2Message struct {
+	db *gorm.DB `gorm:"column:-"`
+
+	Nonce      uint64 `json:"nonce" gorm:"column:nonce"`
+	MsgHash    string `json:"msg_hash" gorm:"column:msg_hash"`
+	Height     uint64 `json:"height" gorm:"column:height"`
+	Sender     string `json:"sender" gorm:"column:sender"`
+	Value      string `json:"value" gorm:"column:value"`
+	Target     string `json:"target" gorm:"column:target"`
+	Calldata   string `json:"calldata" gorm:"column:calldata"`
+	Layer2Hash string `json:"layer2_hash" gorm:"column:layer2_hash"`
+	Layer1Hash string `json:"layer1_hash" gorm:"column:layer1_hash;default:NULL"`
+	Proof      string `json:"proof" gorm:"column:proof;default:NULL"`
+	Status     int    `json:"status" gorm:"column:status;default:1"`
+}
+
+// NewL2Message create an L2Message instance
+func NewL2Message(db *gorm.DB) *L2Message {
+	return &L2Message{db: db}
+}
+
+// TableName define the L2Message table name
+func (*L2Message) TableName() string {
+	return "l2_message"
+}
+
+// GetL2Messages fetch list of messages given msg status
+func (m *L2Message) GetL2Messages(fields map[string]interface{}, orderByList []string, limit int) ([]L2Message, error) {
+	var l2MsgList []L2Message
+	db := m.db
+	for key, value := range fields {
+		db = db.Where(key, value)
+	}
+
+	for _, orderBy := range orderByList {
+		db = db.Order(orderBy)
+	}
+
+	if limit != 0 {
+		db = db.Limit(limit)
+	}
+
+	if err := db.Find(&l2MsgList).Error; err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return l2MsgList, nil
+}
+
+// GetLayer2LatestWatchedHeight returns latest height stored in the table
+func (m *L2Message) GetLayer2LatestWatchedHeight() (int64, error) {
+	// @note It's not correct, since we may don't have message in some blocks.
+	// But it will only be called at start, some redundancy is acceptable.
+	result := m.db.Model(&L2Message{}).Select("COALESCE(MAX(height), -1)").Row()
+	if result.Err() != nil {
+		return -1, result.Err()
+	}
+
+	var maxNumber int64
+	if err := result.Scan(&maxNumber); err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	return maxNumber, nil
+}
+
+// GetL2MessageByNonce fetch message by nonce
+// for unit test
+func (m *L2Message) GetL2MessageByNonce(nonce uint64) (*L2Message, error) {
+	var msg L2Message
+	err := m.db.Where("nonce", nonce).First(&msg).Error
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &msg, nil
+}
+
+// SaveL2Messages batch save a list of layer2 messages
+func (m *L2Message) SaveL2Messages(ctx context.Context, messages []L2Message) error {
+	if len(messages) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	err := m.db.WithContext(ctx).Create(&messages).Error
+	if err != nil {
+		nonces := make([]uint64, 0, len(messages))
+		heights := make([]uint64, 0, len(messages))
+		for _, msg := range messages {
+			nonces = append(nonces, msg.Nonce)
+			heights = append(heights, msg.Height)
+		}
+		log.Error("failed to insert layer2Messages", "nonces", nonces, "heights", heights, "err", err)
+	}
+	return err
+}
+
+// UpdateLayer2Status updates message stauts, given message hash
+func (m *L2Message) UpdateLayer2Status(ctx context.Context, msgHash string, status types.MsgStatus) error {
+	err := m.db.Model(&L2Message{}).WithContext(ctx).Where("msg_hash", msgHash).Update("status", int(status)).Error
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// UpdateLayer2StatusAndLayer1Hash updates message stauts and layer1 transaction hash, given message hash
+func (m *L2Message) UpdateLayer2StatusAndLayer1Hash(ctx context.Context, msgHash string, status types.MsgStatus, layer1Hash string) error {
+	updateFields := map[string]interface{}{
+		"status":      int(status),
+		"layer1_hash": layer1Hash,
+	}
+	err := m.db.Model(&L2Message{}).WithContext(ctx).Where("msg_hash", msgHash).Updates(updateFields).Error
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
--- a/bridge/internal/orm/migrate/migrations/00001_block_trace.sql
+++ b/bridge/internal/orm/migrate/migrations/00001_block_trace.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+-- +goose Up
+-- +goose StatementBegin
+
+-- TODO: use foreign key for batch_id?
+-- TODO: why tx_num is bigint?
+create table block_trace
+(
+    number                  BIGINT          NOT NULL,
+    hash                    VARCHAR         NOT NULL,
+    parent_hash             VARCHAR         NOT NULL,
+    trace                   JSON            NOT NULL,
+    batch_hash              VARCHAR         DEFAULT NULL,
+    tx_num                  INTEGER         NOT NULL,
+    gas_used                BIGINT          NOT NULL,
+    block_timestamp         NUMERIC         NOT NULL
+);
+
+create unique index block_trace_hash_uindex
+    on block_trace (hash);
+
+create unique index block_trace_number_uindex
+    on block_trace (number);
+
+create unique index block_trace_parent_uindex
+    on block_trace (number, parent_hash);
+
+create unique index block_trace_parent_hash_uindex
+    on block_trace (hash, parent_hash);
+
+create index block_trace_batch_hash_index
+    on block_trace (batch_hash);
+
+-- +goose StatementEnd
+
+-- +goose Down
+-- +goose StatementBegin
+drop table if exists block_trace;
+-- +goose StatementEnd
--- a/bridge/internal/orm/migrate/migrations/00002_l1_message.sql
+++ b/bridge/internal/orm/migrate/migrations/00002_l1_message.sql
@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@ create table l1_message
    layer1_hash  VARCHAR NOT NULL,
    layer2_hash  VARCHAR DEFAULT NULL,
    status       INTEGER  DEFAULT 1,
-    created_at TIMESTAMP(0) NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
-    updated_at TIMESTAMP(0) NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
+    created_time TIMESTAMP(0) NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+    updated_time TIMESTAMP(0) NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
 );

 comment
@@ -29,6 +29,19 @@ on l1_message (queue_index);
 create index l1_message_height_index
    on l1_message (height);

+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION update_timestamp()
+RETURNS TRIGGER AS $$
+BEGIN
+   NEW.updated_time = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP;
+   RETURN NEW;
+END;
+$$ language 'plpgsql';
+
+CREATE TRIGGER update_timestamp BEFORE UPDATE
+ON l1_message FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE
+update_timestamp();
+
+
 -- +goose StatementEnd

 -- +goose Down
--- a/bridge/internal/orm/migrate/migrations/00003_l2_block.sql
+++ b/bridge/internal/orm/migrate/migrations/00003_l2_block.sql
@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
-- +goose Up
-- +goose StatementBegin
-
-create table l2_block
-(
-    number                  BIGINT          NOT NULL,
-    hash                    VARCHAR         NOT NULL,
-    parent_hash             VARCHAR         NOT NULL,
-    header                  TEXT            NOT NULL,
-    transactions            TEXT            NOT NULL,
-    withdraw_trie_root      VARCHAR         NOT NULL,
-    tx_num                  INTEGER         NOT NULL,
-    gas_used                BIGINT          NOT NULL,
-    block_timestamp         NUMERIC         NOT NULL,
-    chunk_hash              VARCHAR         DEFAULT NULL
-);
-
-create unique index l2_block_hash_uindex
-    on l2_block (hash);
-
-create unique index l2_block_number_uindex
-    on l2_block (number);
-
-create index l2_block_chunk_hash_index
-    on l2_block (chunk_hash);
-
-- +goose StatementEnd
-
-- +goose Down
-- +goose StatementBegin
-drop table if exists l2_block;
-- +goose StatementEnd
--- a/bridge/internal/orm/migrate/migrations/00003_l2_message.sql
+++ b/bridge/internal/orm/migrate/migrations/00003_l2_message.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+-- +goose Up
+-- +goose StatementBegin
+create table l2_message
+(
+    nonce        BIGINT  NOT NULL,
+    msg_hash     VARCHAR NOT NULL,
+    height       BIGINT  NOT NULL,
+    sender       VARCHAR NOT NULL,
+    target       VARCHAR NOT NULL,
+    value        VARCHAR NOT NULL,
+    calldata     TEXT    NOT NULL,
+    layer2_hash  VARCHAR NOT NULL,
+    layer1_hash  VARCHAR DEFAULT NULL,
+    proof        TEXT    DEFAULT NULL,
+    status       INTEGER  DEFAULT 1,
+    created_time TIMESTAMP(0) NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+    updated_time TIMESTAMP(0) NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
+);
+
+comment
+on column l2_message.status is 'undefined, pending, submitted, confirmed, failed, expired, relay_failed';
+
+create unique index l2_message_hash_uindex
+on l2_message (msg_hash);
+
+create unique index l2_message_nonce_uindex
+on l2_message (nonce);
+
+create index l2_message_height_index
+    on l2_message (height);
+
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION update_timestamp()
+RETURNS TRIGGER AS $$
+BEGIN
+   NEW.updated_time = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP;
+   RETURN NEW;
+END;
+$$ language 'plpgsql';
+
+CREATE TRIGGER update_timestamp BEFORE UPDATE
+ON l2_message FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE
+update_timestamp();
+
+
+-- +goose StatementEnd
+
+-- +goose Down
+-- +goose StatementBegin
+drop table if exists l2_message;
+-- +goose StatementEnd
--- a/bridge/internal/orm/migrate/migrations/00004_block_batch.sql
+++ b/bridge/internal/orm/migrate/migrations/00004_block_batch.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+-- +goose Up
+-- +goose StatementBegin
+
+create table block_batch
+(
+    hash                    VARCHAR         NOT NULL,
+    index                   BIGINT          NOT NULL,
+    start_block_number      BIGINT          NOT NULL,
+    start_block_hash        VARCHAR         NOT NULL,
+    end_block_number        BIGINT          NOT NULL,
+    end_block_hash          VARCHAR         NOT NULL,
+    parent_hash             VARCHAR         NOT NULL,
+    state_root              VARCHAR         NOT NULL,
+    total_tx_num            BIGINT          NOT NULL,
+    total_l1_tx_num         BIGINT          NOT NULL,
+    total_l2_gas            BIGINT          NOT NULL,
+    proving_status          INTEGER         DEFAULT 1,
+    proof                   BYTEA           DEFAULT NULL,
+    instance_commitments    BYTEA           DEFAULT NULL,
+    proof_time_sec          INTEGER         DEFAULT 0,
+    rollup_status           INTEGER         DEFAULT 1,
+    commit_tx_hash          VARCHAR         DEFAULT NULL,
+    finalize_tx_hash        VARCHAR         DEFAULT NULL,
+    oracle_status           INTEGER         DEFAULT 1,
+    oracle_tx_hash          VARCHAR         DEFAULT NULL,
+    created_at              TIMESTAMP(0)    NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+    prover_assigned_at      TIMESTAMP(0)    DEFAULT NULL,
+    proved_at               TIMESTAMP(0)    DEFAULT NULL,
+    committed_at            TIMESTAMP(0)    DEFAULT NULL,
+    finalized_at            TIMESTAMP(0)    DEFAULT NULL
+);
+
+comment
+on column block_batch.proving_status is 'undefined, unassigned, skipped, assigned, proved, verified, failed';
+comment
+on column block_batch.rollup_status is 'undefined, pending, committing, committed, finalizing, finalized, finalization_skipped, commit_failed, finalize_failed';
+comment
+on column block_batch.oracle_status is 'undefined, pending, importing, imported, failed';
+
+create unique index block_batch_hash_uindex
+    on block_batch (hash);
+create unique index block_batch_index_uindex
+    on block_batch (index);
+
+-- +goose StatementEnd
+
+-- +goose Down
+-- +goose StatementBegin
+drop table if exists  block_batch;
+-- +goose StatementEnd
--- a/bridge/internal/orm/migrate/migrations/00004_chunk.sql
+++ b/bridge/internal/orm/migrate/migrations/00004_chunk.sql
@@ -1,54 +0,0 @@
-- +goose Up
-- +goose StatementBegin
-
-create table chunk
-(
-- chunk
-    index                             BIGINT          NOT NULL,
-    hash                              VARCHAR         NOT NULL,
-    start_block_number                BIGINT          NOT NULL,
-    start_block_hash                  VARCHAR         NOT NULL,
-    end_block_number                  BIGINT          NOT NULL,
-    end_block_hash                    VARCHAR         NOT NULL,
-    total_l1_messages_popped_before   BIGINT          NOT NULL,
-    total_l1_messages_popped_in_chunk BIGINT          NOT NULL,
-    start_block_time                  BIGINT          NOT NULL,
-
-- proof
-    proving_status                    SMALLINT        NOT NULL DEFAULT 1,
-    proof                             BYTEA           DEFAULT NULL,
-    prover_assigned_at                TIMESTAMP(0)    DEFAULT NULL,
-    proved_at                         TIMESTAMP(0)    DEFAULT NULL,
-    proof_time_sec                    SMALLINT        DEFAULT NULL,
-
-- batch
-    batch_hash                        VARCHAR         DEFAULT NULL,
-
-- metadata
-    total_l2_tx_gas                   BIGINT          NOT NULL,
-    total_l2_tx_num                   BIGINT          NOT NULL,
-    total_l1_commit_calldata_size     BIGINT          NOT NULL,
-    total_l1_commit_gas               BIGINT          NOT NULL,
-    created_at                        TIMESTAMP(0)    NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
-    updated_at                        TIMESTAMP(0)    NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
-    deleted_at                        TIMESTAMP(0)    DEFAULT NULL
-);
-
-comment
-on column chunk.proving_status is 'undefined, unassigned, skipped, assigned, proved, verified, failed';
-
-create unique index chunk_index_uindex
-on chunk (index);
-
-create unique index chunk_hash_uindex
-on chunk (hash);
-
-create index batch_hash_index
-on chunk (batch_hash);
-
-- +goose StatementEnd
-
-- +goose Down
-- +goose StatementBegin
-drop table if exists chunk;
-- +goose StatementEnd
--- a/bridge/internal/orm/migrate/migrations/00005_batch.sql
+++ b/bridge/internal/orm/migrate/migrations/00005_batch.sql
@@ -1,58 +0,0 @@
-- +goose Up
-- +goose StatementBegin
-
-create table batch
-(
-- batch
-    index                   BIGINT          NOT NULL,
-    hash                    VARCHAR         NOT NULL,
-    start_chunk_index       BIGINT          NOT NULL,
-    start_chunk_hash        VARCHAR         NOT NULL,
-    end_chunk_index         BIGINT          NOT NULL,
-    end_chunk_hash          VARCHAR         NOT NULL,
-    state_root              VARCHAR         NOT NULL,
-    withdraw_root           VARCHAR         NOT NULL,
-    batch_header            BYTEA           NOT NULL,
-
-- proof
-    proving_status          SMALLINT        NOT NULL DEFAULT 1,
-    proof                   BYTEA           DEFAULT NULL,
-    prover_assigned_at      TIMESTAMP(0)    DEFAULT NULL,
-    proved_at               TIMESTAMP(0)    DEFAULT NULL,
-    proof_time_sec          INTEGER         DEFAULT NULL,
-
-- rollup
-    rollup_status           SMALLINT        NOT NULL DEFAULT 1,
-    commit_tx_hash          VARCHAR         DEFAULT NULL,
-    committed_at            TIMESTAMP(0)    DEFAULT NULL,
-    finalize_tx_hash        VARCHAR         DEFAULT NULL,
-    finalized_at            TIMESTAMP(0)    DEFAULT NULL,
-
-- gas oracle
-    oracle_status           SMALLINT        NOT NULL DEFAULT 1,
-    oracle_tx_hash          VARCHAR         DEFAULT NULL,
-
-- metadata
-    created_at              TIMESTAMP(0)    NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
-    updated_at              TIMESTAMP(0)    NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
-    deleted_at              TIMESTAMP(0)    DEFAULT NULL
-);
-
-create unique index batch_index_uindex
-on batch (index);
-
-create unique index batch_hash_uindex
-on batch (hash);
-
-comment
-on column batch.proving_status is 'undefined, unassigned, skipped, assigned, proved, verified, failed';
-
-comment
-on column batch.rollup_status is 'undefined, pending, committing, committed, finalizing, finalized, finalization_skipped, commit_failed, finalize_failed';
-
-- +goose StatementEnd
-
-- +goose Down
-- +goose StatementBegin
-drop table if exists batch;
-- +goose StatementEnd
--- a/bridge/internal/orm/migrate/migrations/00005_l1_block.sql
+++ b/bridge/internal/orm/migrate/migrations/00005_l1_block.sql
@@ -30,4 +30,4 @@ on l1_block (number);
 -- +goose Down
 -- +goose StatementBegin
 drop table if exists l1_block;
-- +goose StatementEnd
+-- +goose StatementEnd
--- a/bridge/internal/orm/orm_test.go
+++ b/bridge/internal/orm/orm_test.go
@@ -1,283 +0,0 @@
-package orm
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"encoding/json"
-	"os"
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/common"
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
-	"gorm.io/gorm"
-
-	"scroll-tech/common/docker"
-	"scroll-tech/common/types"
-
-	"scroll-tech/bridge/internal/config"
-	"scroll-tech/bridge/internal/orm/migrate"
-	bridgeTypes "scroll-tech/bridge/internal/types"
-	"scroll-tech/bridge/internal/utils"
-)
-
-var (
-	base *docker.App
-
-	db         *gorm.DB
-	l2BlockOrm *L2Block
-	chunkOrm   *Chunk
-	batchOrm   *Batch
-
-	wrappedBlock1 *bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock
-	wrappedBlock2 *bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock
-	chunk1        *bridgeTypes.Chunk
-	chunk2        *bridgeTypes.Chunk
-	chunkHash1    common.Hash
-	chunkHash2    common.Hash
-)
-
-func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
-	t := &testing.T{}
-	setupEnv(t)
-	defer tearDownEnv(t)
-	m.Run()
-}
-
-func setupEnv(t *testing.T) {
-	base = docker.NewDockerApp()
-	base.RunDBImage(t)
-	var err error
-	db, err = utils.InitDB(
-		&config.DBConfig{
-			DSN:        base.DBConfig.DSN,
-			DriverName: base.DBConfig.DriverName,
-			MaxOpenNum: base.DBConfig.MaxOpenNum,
-			MaxIdleNum: base.DBConfig.MaxIdleNum,
-		},
-	)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	sqlDB, err := db.DB()
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.NoError(t, migrate.ResetDB(sqlDB))
-
-	batchOrm = NewBatch(db)
-	chunkOrm = NewChunk(db)
-	l2BlockOrm = NewL2Block(db)
-
-	templateBlockTrace, err := os.ReadFile("../../../common/testdata/blockTrace_02.json")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("failed to read file: %v", err)
-	}
-	wrappedBlock1 = &bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock{}
-	if err = json.Unmarshal(templateBlockTrace, wrappedBlock1); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("failed to unmarshal block trace: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	templateBlockTrace, err = os.ReadFile("../../../common/testdata/blockTrace_03.json")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("failed to read file: %v", err)
-	}
-	wrappedBlock2 = &bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock{}
-	if err = json.Unmarshal(templateBlockTrace, wrappedBlock2); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("failed to unmarshal block trace: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	chunk1 = &bridgeTypes.Chunk{Blocks: []*bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock{wrappedBlock1}}
-	chunkHash1, err = chunk1.Hash(0)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-
-	chunk2 = &bridgeTypes.Chunk{Blocks: []*bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock{wrappedBlock2}}
-	chunkHash2, err = chunk2.Hash(chunk1.NumL1Messages(0))
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-}
-
-func tearDownEnv(t *testing.T) {
-	sqlDB, err := db.DB()
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	sqlDB.Close()
-	base.Free()
-}
-
-func TestL2BlockOrm(t *testing.T) {
-	sqlDB, err := db.DB()
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.NoError(t, migrate.ResetDB(sqlDB))
-
-	err = l2BlockOrm.InsertL2Blocks(context.Background(), []*bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock{wrappedBlock1, wrappedBlock2})
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-
-	height, err := l2BlockOrm.GetL2BlocksLatestHeight(context.Background())
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, int64(3), height)
-
-	blocks, err := l2BlockOrm.GetUnchunkedBlocks(context.Background())
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Len(t, blocks, 2)
-	assert.Equal(t, wrappedBlock1, blocks[0])
-	assert.Equal(t, wrappedBlock2, blocks[1])
-
-	blocks, err = l2BlockOrm.GetL2BlocksInRange(context.Background(), 2, 3)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Len(t, blocks, 2)
-	assert.Equal(t, wrappedBlock1, blocks[0])
-	assert.Equal(t, wrappedBlock2, blocks[1])
-
-	err = l2BlockOrm.UpdateChunkHashInRange(context.Background(), 2, 2, "test hash")
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-
-	blocks, err = l2BlockOrm.GetUnchunkedBlocks(context.Background())
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Len(t, blocks, 1)
-	assert.Equal(t, wrappedBlock2, blocks[0])
-}
-
-func TestChunkOrm(t *testing.T) {
-	sqlDB, err := db.DB()
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.NoError(t, migrate.ResetDB(sqlDB))
-
-	err = l2BlockOrm.InsertL2Blocks(context.Background(), []*bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock{wrappedBlock1, wrappedBlock2})
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-
-	dbChunk1, err := chunkOrm.InsertChunk(context.Background(), chunk1)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, dbChunk1.Hash, chunkHash1.Hex())
-
-	dbChunk2, err := chunkOrm.InsertChunk(context.Background(), chunk2)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, dbChunk2.Hash, chunkHash2.Hex())
-
-	chunks, err := chunkOrm.GetUnbatchedChunks(context.Background())
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Len(t, chunks, 2)
-	assert.Equal(t, chunkHash1.Hex(), chunks[0].Hash)
-	assert.Equal(t, chunkHash2.Hex(), chunks[1].Hash)
-
-	err = chunkOrm.UpdateProvingStatus(context.Background(), chunkHash1.Hex(), types.ProvingTaskVerified)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	err = chunkOrm.UpdateProvingStatus(context.Background(), chunkHash2.Hex(), types.ProvingTaskAssigned)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-
-	chunks, err = chunkOrm.GetChunksInRange(context.Background(), 0, 1)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Len(t, chunks, 2)
-	assert.Equal(t, chunkHash1.Hex(), chunks[0].Hash)
-	assert.Equal(t, chunkHash2.Hex(), chunks[1].Hash)
-	assert.Equal(t, types.ProvingTaskVerified, types.ProvingStatus(chunks[0].ProvingStatus))
-	assert.Equal(t, types.ProvingTaskAssigned, types.ProvingStatus(chunks[1].ProvingStatus))
-
-	err = chunkOrm.UpdateBatchHashInRange(context.Background(), 0, 0, "test hash")
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	chunks, err = chunkOrm.GetUnbatchedChunks(context.Background())
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Len(t, chunks, 1)
-}
-
-func TestBatchOrm(t *testing.T) {
-	sqlDB, err := db.DB()
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.NoError(t, migrate.ResetDB(sqlDB))
-
-	err = l2BlockOrm.InsertL2Blocks(context.Background(), []*bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock{wrappedBlock1, wrappedBlock2})
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-
-	dbChunk1, err := chunkOrm.InsertChunk(context.Background(), chunk1)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, dbChunk1.Hash, chunkHash1.Hex())
-
-	dbChunk2, err := chunkOrm.InsertChunk(context.Background(), chunk2)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, dbChunk2.Hash, chunkHash2.Hex())
-
-	batch1, err := batchOrm.InsertBatch(context.Background(), 0, 0, chunkHash1.Hex(), chunkHash1.Hex(), []*bridgeTypes.Chunk{chunk1})
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	hash1 := batch1.Hash
-
-	batch1, err = batchOrm.GetBatchByIndex(context.Background(), 0)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	batchHeader1, err := bridgeTypes.DecodeBatchHeader(batch1.BatchHeader)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	batchHash1 := batchHeader1.Hash().Hex()
-	assert.Equal(t, hash1, batchHash1)
-
-	batch2, err := batchOrm.InsertBatch(context.Background(), 1, 1, chunkHash2.Hex(), chunkHash2.Hex(), []*bridgeTypes.Chunk{chunk2})
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	hash2 := batch2.Hash
-
-	batch2, err = batchOrm.GetBatchByIndex(context.Background(), 1)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	batchHeader2, err := bridgeTypes.DecodeBatchHeader(batch2.BatchHeader)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	batchHash2 := batchHeader2.Hash().Hex()
-	assert.Equal(t, hash2, batchHash2)
-
-	count, err := batchOrm.GetBatchCount(context.Background())
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, uint64(2), count)
-
-	pendingBatches, err := batchOrm.GetPendingBatches(context.Background(), 100)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, 2, len(pendingBatches))
-
-	rollupStatus, err := batchOrm.GetRollupStatusByHashList(context.Background(), []string{batchHash1, batchHash2})
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, 2, len(rollupStatus))
-	assert.Equal(t, types.RollupPending, rollupStatus[0])
-	assert.Equal(t, types.RollupPending, rollupStatus[1])
-
-	err = batchOrm.UpdateProvingStatus(context.Background(), batchHash1, types.ProvingTaskSkipped)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	err = batchOrm.UpdateRollupStatus(context.Background(), batchHash1, types.RollupCommitted)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	err = batchOrm.UpdateProvingStatus(context.Background(), batchHash2, types.ProvingTaskFailed)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	err = batchOrm.UpdateRollupStatus(context.Background(), batchHash2, types.RollupCommitted)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-
-	count, err = batchOrm.UpdateSkippedBatches(context.Background())
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, uint64(2), count)
-
-	count, err = batchOrm.UpdateSkippedBatches(context.Background())
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, uint64(0), count)
-
-	batch, err := batchOrm.GetBatchByIndex(context.Background(), 1)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, types.RollupFinalizationSkipped, types.RollupStatus(batch.RollupStatus))
-
-	err = batchOrm.UpdateProvingStatus(context.Background(), batchHash2, types.ProvingTaskVerified)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-
-	dbProof, err := batchOrm.GetVerifiedProofByHash(context.Background(), batchHash1)
-	assert.Error(t, err, gorm.ErrRecordNotFound)
-	assert.Nil(t, dbProof)
-
-	err = batchOrm.UpdateProvingStatus(context.Background(), batchHash2, types.ProvingTaskVerified)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	err = batchOrm.UpdateRollupStatus(context.Background(), batchHash2, types.RollupFinalized)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	err = batchOrm.UpdateL2GasOracleStatusAndOracleTxHash(context.Background(), batchHash2, types.GasOracleImported, "oracleTxHash")
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-
-	updatedBatch, err := batchOrm.GetLatestBatch(context.Background())
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, types.ProvingTaskVerified, types.ProvingStatus(updatedBatch.ProvingStatus))
-	assert.Equal(t, types.RollupFinalized, types.RollupStatus(updatedBatch.RollupStatus))
-	assert.Equal(t, types.GasOracleImported, types.GasOracleStatus(updatedBatch.OracleStatus))
-	assert.Equal(t, "oracleTxHash", updatedBatch.OracleTxHash)
-
-	err = batchOrm.UpdateCommitTxHashAndRollupStatus(context.Background(), batchHash2, "commitTxHash", types.RollupCommitted)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	updatedBatch, err = batchOrm.GetLatestBatch(context.Background())
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, "commitTxHash", updatedBatch.CommitTxHash)
-	assert.Equal(t, types.RollupCommitted, types.RollupStatus(updatedBatch.RollupStatus))
-
-	err = batchOrm.UpdateFinalizeTxHashAndRollupStatus(context.Background(), batchHash2, "finalizeTxHash", types.RollupFinalizeFailed)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-
-	updatedBatch, err = batchOrm.GetLatestBatch(context.Background())
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, "finalizeTxHash", updatedBatch.FinalizeTxHash)
-	assert.Equal(t, types.RollupFinalizeFailed, types.RollupStatus(updatedBatch.RollupStatus))
-}
--- a/bridge/internal/types/batch.go
+++ b/bridge/internal/types/batch.go
@@ -0,0 +1,236 @@
+package types
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"math/big"
+
+	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/common"
+	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/common/hexutil"
+	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/core/types"
+	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/crypto"
+
+	abi "scroll-tech/bridge/abi"
+)
+
+// PublicInputHashConfig is the configuration of how to compute the public input hash.
+type PublicInputHashConfig struct {
+	MaxTxNum      int         `json:"max_tx_num"`
+	PaddingTxHash common.Hash `json:"padding_tx_hash"`
+}
+
+const defaultMaxTxNum = 44
+
+var defaultPaddingTxHash = [32]byte{}
+
+// BatchData contains info of batch to be committed.
+type BatchData struct {
+	Batch        abi.IScrollChainBatch
+	TxHashes     []common.Hash
+	TotalTxNum   uint64
+	TotalL1TxNum uint64
+	TotalL2Gas   uint64
+
+	// cache for the BatchHash
+	hash *common.Hash
+	// The config to compute the public input hash, or the block hash.
+	// If it is nil, the hash calculation will use `defaultMaxTxNum` and `defaultPaddingTxHash`.
+	piCfg *PublicInputHashConfig
+}
+
+// Timestamp returns the timestamp of the first block in the BlockData.
+func (b *BatchData) Timestamp() uint64 {
+	if len(b.Batch.Blocks) == 0 {
+		return 0
+	}
+	return b.Batch.Blocks[0].Timestamp
+}
+
+// Hash calculates the hash of this batch.
+func (b *BatchData) Hash() *common.Hash {
+	if b.hash != nil {
+		return b.hash
+	}
+
+	buf := make([]byte, 8)
+	hasher := crypto.NewKeccakState()
+
+	// 1. hash PrevStateRoot, NewStateRoot, WithdrawTrieRoot
+	// @todo: panic on error here.
+	_, _ = hasher.Write(b.Batch.PrevStateRoot[:])
+	_, _ = hasher.Write(b.Batch.NewStateRoot[:])
+	_, _ = hasher.Write(b.Batch.WithdrawTrieRoot[:])
+
+	// 2. hash all block contexts
+	for _, block := range b.Batch.Blocks {
+		// write BlockHash & ParentHash
+		_, _ = hasher.Write(block.BlockHash[:])
+		_, _ = hasher.Write(block.ParentHash[:])
+		// write BlockNumber
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint64(buf, block.BlockNumber)
+		_, _ = hasher.Write(buf)
+		// write Timestamp
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint64(buf, block.Timestamp)
+		_, _ = hasher.Write(buf)
+		// write BaseFee
+		var baseFee [32]byte
+		if block.BaseFee != nil {
+			baseFee = newByte32FromBytes(block.BaseFee.Bytes())
+		}
+		_, _ = hasher.Write(baseFee[:])
+		// write GasLimit
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint64(buf, block.GasLimit)
+		_, _ = hasher.Write(buf)
+		// write NumTransactions
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[:2], block.NumTransactions)
+		_, _ = hasher.Write(buf[:2])
+		// write NumL1Messages
+		binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[:2], block.NumL1Messages)
+		_, _ = hasher.Write(buf[:2])
+	}
+
+	// 3. add all tx hashes
+	for _, txHash := range b.TxHashes {
+		_, _ = hasher.Write(txHash[:])
+	}
+
+	// 4. append empty tx hash up to MaxTxNum
+	maxTxNum := defaultMaxTxNum
+	paddingTxHash := common.Hash(defaultPaddingTxHash)
+	if b.piCfg != nil {
+		maxTxNum = b.piCfg.MaxTxNum
+		paddingTxHash = b.piCfg.PaddingTxHash
+	}
+	for i := len(b.TxHashes); i < maxTxNum; i++ {
+		_, _ = hasher.Write(paddingTxHash[:])
+	}
+
+	b.hash = new(common.Hash)
+	_, _ = hasher.Read(b.hash[:])
+
+	return b.hash
+}
+
+// NewBatchData creates a BatchData given the parent batch information and the traces of the blocks
+// included in this batch
+func NewBatchData(parentBatch *BatchInfo, blocks []*WrappedBlock, piCfg *PublicInputHashConfig) *BatchData {
+	batchData := new(BatchData)
+	batch := &batchData.Batch
+
+	// set BatchIndex, ParentBatchHash
+	batch.BatchIndex = parentBatch.Index + 1
+	batch.ParentBatchHash = common.HexToHash(parentBatch.Hash)
+	batch.Blocks = make([]abi.IScrollChainBlockContext, len(blocks))
+
+	var batchTxDataBuf bytes.Buffer
+	batchTxDataWriter := bufio.NewWriter(&batchTxDataBuf)
+
+	for i, block := range blocks {
+		batchData.TotalTxNum += uint64(len(block.Transactions))
+		batchData.TotalL2Gas += block.Header.GasUsed
+
+		// set baseFee to 0 when it's nil in the block header
+		baseFee := block.Header.BaseFee
+		if baseFee == nil {
+			baseFee = big.NewInt(0)
+		}
+
+		batch.Blocks[i] = abi.IScrollChainBlockContext{
+			BlockHash:       block.Header.Hash(),
+			ParentHash:      block.Header.ParentHash,
+			BlockNumber:     block.Header.Number.Uint64(),
+			Timestamp:       block.Header.Time,
+			BaseFee:         baseFee,
+			GasLimit:        block.Header.GasLimit,
+			NumTransactions: uint16(len(block.Transactions)),
+			NumL1Messages:   0, // TODO: currently use 0, will re-enable after we use l2geth to include L1 messages
+		}
+
+		// fill in RLP-encoded transactions
+		for _, txData := range block.Transactions {
+			data, _ := hexutil.Decode(txData.Data)
+			// right now we only support legacy tx
+			tx := types.NewTx(&types.LegacyTx{
+				Nonce:    txData.Nonce,
+				To:       txData.To,
+				Value:    txData.Value.ToInt(),
+				Gas:      txData.Gas,
+				GasPrice: txData.GasPrice.ToInt(),
+				Data:     data,
+				V:        txData.V.ToInt(),
+				R:        txData.R.ToInt(),
+				S:        txData.S.ToInt(),
+			})
+			rlpTxData, _ := tx.MarshalBinary()
+			var txLen [4]byte
+			binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(txLen[:], uint32(len(rlpTxData)))
+			_, _ = batchTxDataWriter.Write(txLen[:])
+			_, _ = batchTxDataWriter.Write(rlpTxData)
+			batchData.TxHashes = append(batchData.TxHashes, tx.Hash())
+		}
+
+		if i == 0 {
+			batch.PrevStateRoot = common.HexToHash(parentBatch.StateRoot)
+		}
+
+		// set NewStateRoot & WithdrawTrieRoot from the last block
+		if i == len(blocks)-1 {
+			batch.NewStateRoot = block.Header.Root
+			batch.WithdrawTrieRoot = block.WithdrawTrieRoot
+		}
+	}
+
+	if err := batchTxDataWriter.Flush(); err != nil {
+		panic("Buffered I/O flush failed")
+	}
+
+	batch.L2Transactions = batchTxDataBuf.Bytes()
+	batchData.piCfg = piCfg
+
+	return batchData
+}
+
+// NewGenesisBatchData generates the batch that contains the genesis block.
+func NewGenesisBatchData(genesisBlockTrace *WrappedBlock) *BatchData {
+	header := genesisBlockTrace.Header
+	if header.Number.Uint64() != 0 {
+		panic("invalid genesis block trace: block number is not 0")
+	}
+
+	batchData := new(BatchData)
+	batch := &batchData.Batch
+
+	// fill in batch information
+	batch.BatchIndex = 0
+	batch.Blocks = make([]abi.IScrollChainBlockContext, 1)
+	batch.NewStateRoot = header.Root
+	// PrevStateRoot, WithdrawTrieRoot, ParentBatchHash should all be 0
+	// L2Transactions should be empty
+
+	// fill in block context
+	batch.Blocks[0] = abi.IScrollChainBlockContext{
+		BlockHash:       header.Hash(),
+		ParentHash:      header.ParentHash,
+		BlockNumber:     header.Number.Uint64(),
+		Timestamp:       header.Time,
+		BaseFee:         header.BaseFee,
+		GasLimit:        header.GasLimit,
+		NumTransactions: 0,
+		NumL1Messages:   0,
+	}
+
+	return batchData
+}
+
+// newByte32FromBytes converts the bytes in big-endian encoding to 32 bytes in big-endian encoding
+func newByte32FromBytes(b []byte) [32]byte {
+	var byte32 [32]byte
+
+	if len(b) > 32 {
+		b = b[len(b)-32:]
+	}
+
+	copy(byte32[32-len(b):], b)
+	return byte32
+}
--- a/bridge/internal/types/batch_header.go
+++ b/bridge/internal/types/batch_header.go
@@ -1,158 +0,0 @@
-package types
-
-import (
-	"encoding/binary"
-	"fmt"
-	"math/big"
-
-	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/common"
-	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/core/types"
-	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/crypto"
-)
-
-// BatchHeader contains batch header info to be committed.
-type BatchHeader struct {
-	// Encoded in BatchHeaderV0Codec
-	version                uint8
-	batchIndex             uint64
-	l1MessagePopped        uint64
-	totalL1MessagePopped   uint64
-	dataHash               common.Hash
-	parentBatchHash        common.Hash
-	skippedL1MessageBitmap []byte
-}
-
-// NewBatchHeader creates a new BatchHeader
-func NewBatchHeader(version uint8, batchIndex, totalL1MessagePoppedBefore uint64, parentBatchHash common.Hash, chunks []*Chunk) (*BatchHeader, error) {
-	// buffer for storing chunk hashes in order to compute the batch data hash
-	var dataBytes []byte
-
-	// skipped L1 message bitmap, an array of 256-bit bitmaps
-	var skippedBitmap []*big.Int
-
-	// the first queue index that belongs to this batch
-	baseIndex := totalL1MessagePoppedBefore
-
-	// the next queue index that we need to process
-	nextIndex := totalL1MessagePoppedBefore
-
-	for _, chunk := range chunks {
-		// build data hash
-		totalL1MessagePoppedBeforeChunk := nextIndex
-		chunkHash, err := chunk.Hash(totalL1MessagePoppedBeforeChunk)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		dataBytes = append(dataBytes, chunkHash.Bytes()...)
-
-		// build skip bitmap
-		for _, block := range chunk.Blocks {
-			for _, tx := range block.Transactions {
-				if tx.Type != types.L1MessageTxType {
-					continue
-				}
-				currentIndex := tx.Nonce
-
-				if currentIndex < nextIndex {
-					return nil, fmt.Errorf("unexpected batch payload, expected queue index: %d, got: %d", nextIndex, currentIndex)
-				}
-
-				// mark skipped messages
-				for skippedIndex := nextIndex; skippedIndex < currentIndex; skippedIndex++ {
-					quo := int((skippedIndex - baseIndex) / 256)
-					rem := int((skippedIndex - baseIndex) % 256)
-					for len(skippedBitmap) <= quo {
-						bitmap := big.NewInt(0)
-						skippedBitmap = append(skippedBitmap, bitmap)
-					}
-					skippedBitmap[quo].SetBit(skippedBitmap[quo], rem, 1)
-				}
-
-				// process included message
-				quo := int((currentIndex - baseIndex) / 256)
-				for len(skippedBitmap) <= quo {
-					bitmap := big.NewInt(0)
-					skippedBitmap = append(skippedBitmap, bitmap)
-				}
-
-				nextIndex = currentIndex + 1
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	// compute data hash
-	dataHash := crypto.Keccak256Hash(dataBytes)
-
-	// compute skipped bitmap
-	bitmapBytes := make([]byte, len(skippedBitmap)*32)
-	for ii, num := range skippedBitmap {
-		bytes := num.Bytes()
-		padding := 32 - len(bytes)
-		copy(bitmapBytes[32*ii+padding:], bytes)
-	}
-
-	return &BatchHeader{
-		version:                version,
-		batchIndex:             batchIndex,
-		l1MessagePopped:        nextIndex - totalL1MessagePoppedBefore,
-		totalL1MessagePopped:   nextIndex,
-		dataHash:               dataHash,
-		parentBatchHash:        parentBatchHash,
-		skippedL1MessageBitmap: bitmapBytes,
-	}, nil
-}
-
-// Version returns the version of the BatchHeader.
-func (b *BatchHeader) Version() uint8 {
-	return b.version
-}
-
-// BatchIndex returns the batch index of the BatchHeader.
-func (b *BatchHeader) BatchIndex() uint64 {
-	return b.batchIndex
-}
-
-// TotalL1MessagePopped returns the total number of L1 messages popped in the BatchHeader.
-func (b *BatchHeader) TotalL1MessagePopped() uint64 {
-	return b.totalL1MessagePopped
-}
-
-// SkippedL1MessageBitmap returns the skipped L1 message bitmap in the BatchHeader.
-func (b *BatchHeader) SkippedL1MessageBitmap() []byte {
-	return b.skippedL1MessageBitmap
-}
-
-// Encode encodes the BatchHeader into RollupV2 BatchHeaderV0Codec Encoding.
-func (b *BatchHeader) Encode() []byte {
-	batchBytes := make([]byte, 89+len(b.skippedL1MessageBitmap))
-	batchBytes[0] = b.version
-	binary.BigEndian.PutUint64(batchBytes[1:], b.batchIndex)
-	binary.BigEndian.PutUint64(batchBytes[9:], b.l1MessagePopped)
-	binary.BigEndian.PutUint64(batchBytes[17:], b.totalL1MessagePopped)
-	copy(batchBytes[25:], b.dataHash[:])
-	copy(batchBytes[57:], b.parentBatchHash[:])
-	copy(batchBytes[89:], b.skippedL1MessageBitmap[:])
-	return batchBytes
-}
-
-// Hash calculates the hash of the batch header.
-func (b *BatchHeader) Hash() common.Hash {
-	return crypto.Keccak256Hash(b.Encode())
-}
-
-// DecodeBatchHeader attempts to decode the given byte slice into a BatchHeader.
-func DecodeBatchHeader(data []byte) (*BatchHeader, error) {
-	if len(data) < 89 {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("insufficient data for BatchHeader")
-	}
-	b := &BatchHeader{
-		version:                data[0],
-		batchIndex:             binary.BigEndian.Uint64(data[1:9]),
-		l1MessagePopped:        binary.BigEndian.Uint64(data[9:17]),
-		totalL1MessagePopped:   binary.BigEndian.Uint64(data[17:25]),
-		dataHash:               common.BytesToHash(data[25:57]),
-		parentBatchHash:        common.BytesToHash(data[57:89]),
-		skippedL1MessageBitmap: data[89:],
-	}
-	return b, nil
-}
--- a/bridge/internal/types/batch_header_test.go
+++ b/bridge/internal/types/batch_header_test.go
@@ -1,251 +0,0 @@
-package types
-
-import (
-	"encoding/json"
-	"os"
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/common"
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
-)
-
-func TestNewBatchHeader(t *testing.T) {
-	// Without L1 Msg
-	templateBlockTrace, err := os.ReadFile("../../../common/testdata/blockTrace_02.json")
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-
-	wrappedBlock := &WrappedBlock{}
-	assert.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal(templateBlockTrace, wrappedBlock))
-	chunk := &Chunk{
-		Blocks: []*WrappedBlock{
-			wrappedBlock,
-		},
-	}
-	parentBatchHeader := &BatchHeader{
-		version:                1,
-		batchIndex:             0,
-		l1MessagePopped:        0,
-		totalL1MessagePopped:   0,
-		dataHash:               common.HexToHash("0x0"),
-		parentBatchHash:        common.HexToHash("0x0"),
-		skippedL1MessageBitmap: nil,
-	}
-	batchHeader, err := NewBatchHeader(1, 1, 0, parentBatchHeader.Hash(), []*Chunk{chunk})
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.NotNil(t, batchHeader)
-	assert.Equal(t, 0, len(batchHeader.skippedL1MessageBitmap))
-
-	// 1 L1 Msg in 1 bitmap
-	templateBlockTrace2, err := os.ReadFile("../../../common/testdata/blockTrace_04.json")
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-
-	wrappedBlock2 := &WrappedBlock{}
-	assert.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal(templateBlockTrace2, wrappedBlock2))
-	chunk = &Chunk{
-		Blocks: []*WrappedBlock{
-			wrappedBlock2,
-		},
-	}
-	batchHeader, err = NewBatchHeader(1, 1, 0, parentBatchHeader.Hash(), []*Chunk{chunk})
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.NotNil(t, batchHeader)
-	assert.Equal(t, 32, len(batchHeader.skippedL1MessageBitmap))
-	expectedBitmap := "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000003ff" // skip first 10
-	assert.Equal(t, expectedBitmap, common.Bytes2Hex(batchHeader.skippedL1MessageBitmap))
-
-	// many consecutive L1 Msgs in 1 bitmap, no leading skipped msgs
-	templateBlockTrace3, err := os.ReadFile("../../../common/testdata/blockTrace_05.json")
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-
-	wrappedBlock3 := &WrappedBlock{}
-	assert.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal(templateBlockTrace3, wrappedBlock3))
-	chunk = &Chunk{
-		Blocks: []*WrappedBlock{
-			wrappedBlock3,
-		},
-	}
-	batchHeader, err = NewBatchHeader(1, 1, 37, parentBatchHeader.Hash(), []*Chunk{chunk})
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.NotNil(t, batchHeader)
-	assert.Equal(t, uint64(5), batchHeader.l1MessagePopped)
-	assert.Equal(t, 32, len(batchHeader.skippedL1MessageBitmap))
-	expectedBitmap = "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000" // all bits are included, so none are skipped
-	assert.Equal(t, expectedBitmap, common.Bytes2Hex(batchHeader.skippedL1MessageBitmap))
-
-	// many consecutive L1 Msgs in 1 bitmap, with leading skipped msgs
-	chunk = &Chunk{
-		Blocks: []*WrappedBlock{
-			wrappedBlock3,
-		},
-	}
-	batchHeader, err = NewBatchHeader(1, 1, 0, parentBatchHeader.Hash(), []*Chunk{chunk})
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.NotNil(t, batchHeader)
-	assert.Equal(t, uint64(42), batchHeader.l1MessagePopped)
-	assert.Equal(t, 32, len(batchHeader.skippedL1MessageBitmap))
-	expectedBitmap = "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001fffffffff" // skipped the first 37 messages
-	assert.Equal(t, expectedBitmap, common.Bytes2Hex(batchHeader.skippedL1MessageBitmap))
-
-	// many sparse L1 Msgs in 1 bitmap
-	templateBlockTrace4, err := os.ReadFile("../../../common/testdata/blockTrace_06.json")
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-
-	wrappedBlock4 := &WrappedBlock{}
-	assert.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal(templateBlockTrace4, wrappedBlock4))
-	chunk = &Chunk{
-		Blocks: []*WrappedBlock{
-			wrappedBlock4,
-		},
-	}
-	batchHeader, err = NewBatchHeader(1, 1, 0, parentBatchHeader.Hash(), []*Chunk{chunk})
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.NotNil(t, batchHeader)
-	assert.Equal(t, uint64(10), batchHeader.l1MessagePopped)
-	assert.Equal(t, 32, len(batchHeader.skippedL1MessageBitmap))
-	expectedBitmap = "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001dd" // 0111011101
-	assert.Equal(t, expectedBitmap, common.Bytes2Hex(batchHeader.skippedL1MessageBitmap))
-
-	// many L1 Msgs in each of 2 bitmaps
-	templateBlockTrace5, err := os.ReadFile("../../../common/testdata/blockTrace_07.json")
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-
-	wrappedBlock5 := &WrappedBlock{}
-	assert.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal(templateBlockTrace5, wrappedBlock5))
-	chunk = &Chunk{
-		Blocks: []*WrappedBlock{
-			wrappedBlock5,
-		},
-	}
-	batchHeader, err = NewBatchHeader(1, 1, 0, parentBatchHeader.Hash(), []*Chunk{chunk})
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.NotNil(t, batchHeader)
-	assert.Equal(t, uint64(257), batchHeader.l1MessagePopped)
-	assert.Equal(t, 64, len(batchHeader.skippedL1MessageBitmap))
-	expectedBitmap = "fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffd0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
-	assert.Equal(t, expectedBitmap, common.Bytes2Hex(batchHeader.skippedL1MessageBitmap))
-}
-
-func TestBatchHeaderEncode(t *testing.T) {
-	// Without L1 Msg
-	templateBlockTrace, err := os.ReadFile("../../../common/testdata/blockTrace_02.json")
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-
-	wrappedBlock := &WrappedBlock{}
-	assert.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal(templateBlockTrace, wrappedBlock))
-	chunk := &Chunk{
-		Blocks: []*WrappedBlock{
-			wrappedBlock,
-		},
-	}
-	parentBatchHeader := &BatchHeader{
-		version:                1,
-		batchIndex:             0,
-		l1MessagePopped:        0,
-		totalL1MessagePopped:   0,
-		dataHash:               common.HexToHash("0x0"),
-		parentBatchHash:        common.HexToHash("0x0"),
-		skippedL1MessageBitmap: nil,
-	}
-	batchHeader, err := NewBatchHeader(1, 1, 0, parentBatchHeader.Hash(), []*Chunk{chunk})
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.NotNil(t, batchHeader)
-	bytes := batchHeader.Encode()
-	assert.Equal(t, 89, len(bytes))
-	assert.Equal(t, "0100000000000000010000000000000000000000000000000010a64c9bd905f8caf5d668fbda622d6558c5a42cdb4b3895709743d159c22e534136709aabc8a23aa17fbcc833da2f7857d3c2884feec9aae73429c135f94985", common.Bytes2Hex(bytes))
-
-	// With L1 Msg
-	templateBlockTrace2, err := os.ReadFile("../../../common/testdata/blockTrace_04.json")
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-
-	wrappedBlock2 := &WrappedBlock{}
-	assert.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal(templateBlockTrace2, wrappedBlock2))
-	chunk = &Chunk{
-		Blocks: []*WrappedBlock{
-			wrappedBlock2,
-		},
-	}
-	batchHeader, err = NewBatchHeader(1, 1, 0, parentBatchHeader.Hash(), []*Chunk{chunk})
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.NotNil(t, batchHeader)
-	bytes = batchHeader.Encode()
-	assert.Equal(t, 121, len(bytes))
-	assert.Equal(t, "010000000000000001000000000000000b000000000000000b457a9e90e8e51ba2de2f66c6b589540b88cf594dac7fa7d04b99cdcfecf24e384136709aabc8a23aa17fbcc833da2f7857d3c2884feec9aae73429c135f9498500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000003ff", common.Bytes2Hex(bytes))
-}
-
-func TestBatchHeaderHash(t *testing.T) {
-	// Without L1 Msg
-	templateBlockTrace, err := os.ReadFile("../../../common/testdata/blockTrace_02.json")
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-
-	wrappedBlock := &WrappedBlock{}
-	assert.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal(templateBlockTrace, wrappedBlock))
-	chunk := &Chunk{
-		Blocks: []*WrappedBlock{
-			wrappedBlock,
-		},
-	}
-	parentBatchHeader := &BatchHeader{
-		version:                1,
-		batchIndex:             0,
-		l1MessagePopped:        0,
-		totalL1MessagePopped:   0,
-		dataHash:               common.HexToHash("0x0"),
-		parentBatchHash:        common.HexToHash("0x0"),
-		skippedL1MessageBitmap: nil,
-	}
-	batchHeader, err := NewBatchHeader(1, 1, 0, parentBatchHeader.Hash(), []*Chunk{chunk})
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.NotNil(t, batchHeader)
-	hash := batchHeader.Hash()
-	assert.Equal(t, "d69da4357da0073f4093c76e49f077e21bb52f48f57ee3e1fbd9c38a2881af81", common.Bytes2Hex(hash.Bytes()))
-
-	templateBlockTrace, err = os.ReadFile("../../../common/testdata/blockTrace_03.json")
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-
-	wrappedBlock2 := &WrappedBlock{}
-	assert.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal(templateBlockTrace, wrappedBlock2))
-	chunk2 := &Chunk{
-		Blocks: []*WrappedBlock{
-			wrappedBlock2,
-		},
-	}
-	batchHeader2, err := NewBatchHeader(1, 2, 0, batchHeader.Hash(), []*Chunk{chunk2})
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.NotNil(t, batchHeader2)
-	hash2 := batchHeader2.Hash()
-	assert.Equal(t, "34de600163aa745d4513113137a5b54960d13f0d3f2849e490c4b875028bf930", common.Bytes2Hex(hash2.Bytes()))
-
-	// With L1 Msg
-	templateBlockTrace3, err := os.ReadFile("../../../common/testdata/blockTrace_04.json")
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-
-	wrappedBlock3 := &WrappedBlock{}
-	assert.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal(templateBlockTrace3, wrappedBlock3))
-	chunk = &Chunk{
-		Blocks: []*WrappedBlock{
-			wrappedBlock3,
-		},
-	}
-	batchHeader, err = NewBatchHeader(1, 1, 0, parentBatchHeader.Hash(), []*Chunk{chunk})
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.NotNil(t, batchHeader)
-	hash = batchHeader.Hash()
-	assert.Equal(t, "0ec9547c6645d5f0c1254e121f49e93f54525cfda5bfb2236440fb3470f48902", common.Bytes2Hex(hash.Bytes()))
-}
-
-func TestBatchHeaderDecode(t *testing.T) {
-	header := &BatchHeader{
-		version:                1,
-		batchIndex:             10,
-		l1MessagePopped:        20,
-		totalL1MessagePopped:   30,
-		dataHash:               common.HexToHash("0x01"),
-		parentBatchHash:        common.HexToHash("0x02"),
-		skippedL1MessageBitmap: []byte{0x01, 0x02, 0x03},
-	}
-
-	encoded := header.Encode()
-	decoded, err := DecodeBatchHeader(encoded)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, header, decoded)
-}
--- a/bridge/internal/types/batch_test.go
+++ b/bridge/internal/types/batch_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+package types
+
+import (
+	"math/big"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/common"
+	gethTypes "github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/core/types"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+
+	abi "scroll-tech/bridge/abi"
+)
+
+func TestBatchHash(t *testing.T) {
+	txBytes := common.Hex2Bytes("02f8710582fd14808506e38dccc9825208944d496ccc28058b1d74b7a19541663e21154f9c848801561db11e24a43380c080a0d890606d7a35b2ab0f9b866d62c092d5b163f3e6a55537ae1485aac08c3f8ff7a023997be2d32f53e146b160fff0ba81e81dbb4491c865ab174d15c5b3d28c41ae")
+	tx := new(gethTypes.Transaction)
+	if err := tx.UnmarshalBinary(txBytes); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("invalid tx hex string: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	batchData := new(BatchData)
+	batchData.TxHashes = append(batchData.TxHashes, tx.Hash())
+	batchData.piCfg = &PublicInputHashConfig{
+		MaxTxNum:      4,
+		PaddingTxHash: common.HexToHash("0xb5baa665b2664c3bfed7eb46e00ebc110ecf2ebd257854a9bf2b9dbc9b2c08f6"),
+	}
+
+	batch := &batchData.Batch
+	batch.PrevStateRoot = common.HexToHash("0x000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000cafe")
+
+	block := abi.IScrollChainBlockContext{
+		BlockNumber:     51966,
+		Timestamp:       123456789,
+		BaseFee:         new(big.Int).SetUint64(0),
+		GasLimit:        10000000000000000,
+		NumTransactions: 1,
+		NumL1Messages:   0,
+	}
+	batch.Blocks = append(batch.Blocks, block)
+
+	hash := batchData.Hash()
+	assert.Equal(t, *hash, common.HexToHash("0xa9f2ca3175794f91226a410ba1e60fff07a405c957562675c4149b77e659d805"))
+
+	// use a different tx hash
+	txBytes = common.Hex2Bytes("f8628001830f424094000000000000000000000000000000000000bbbb8080820a97a064e07cd8f939e2117724bdcbadc80dda421381cbc2a1f4e0d093d9cc5c5cf68ea03e264227f80852d88743cd9e43998f2746b619180366a87e4531debf9c3fa5dc")
+	tx = new(gethTypes.Transaction)
+	if err := tx.UnmarshalBinary(txBytes); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("invalid tx hex string: %s", err)
+	}
+	batchData.TxHashes[0] = tx.Hash()
+
+	batchData.hash = nil // clear the cache
+	assert.Equal(t, *batchData.Hash(), common.HexToHash("0x398cb22bbfa1665c1b342b813267538a4c933d7f92d8bd9184aba0dd1122987b"))
+}
+
+func TestNewGenesisBatch(t *testing.T) {
+	genesisBlock := &gethTypes.Header{
+		UncleHash:   common.HexToHash("0x1dcc4de8dec75d7aab85b567b6ccd41ad312451b948a7413f0a142fd40d49347"),
+		Root:        common.HexToHash("0x1b186a7a90ec3b41a2417062fe44dce8ce82ae76bfbb09eae786a4f1be1895f5"),
+		TxHash:      common.HexToHash("0x56e81f171bcc55a6ff8345e692c0f86e5b48e01b996cadc001622fb5e363b421"),
+		ReceiptHash: common.HexToHash("0x56e81f171bcc55a6ff8345e692c0f86e5b48e01b996cadc001622fb5e363b421"),
+		Difficulty:  big.NewInt(1),
+		Number:      big.NewInt(0),
+		GasLimit:    940000000,
+		GasUsed:     0,
+		Time:        1639724192,
+		Extra:       common.Hex2Bytes("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000214f8d488aa9ebf83e30bad45fb8f9c8ee2509f5511caff794753d07e9dfb218cfc233bb62d2c57022783094e1a7edb6f069f8424bb68496a0926b130000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"),
+		BaseFee:     big.NewInt(1000000000),
+	}
+	assert.Equal(
+		t,
+		genesisBlock.Hash().Hex(),
+		"0x92826bd3aad2ef70d8061dc4e25150b305d1233d9cd7579433a77d6eb01dae1c",
+		"wrong genesis block header",
+	)
+
+	blockTrace := &WrappedBlock{genesisBlock, nil, common.Hash{}}
+	batchData := NewGenesisBatchData(blockTrace)
+	t.Log(batchData.Batch.Blocks[0])
+	batchData.piCfg = &PublicInputHashConfig{
+		MaxTxNum:      25,
+		PaddingTxHash: common.HexToHash("0xb5baa665b2664c3bfed7eb46e00ebc110ecf2ebd257854a9bf2b9dbc9b2c08f6"),
+	}
+	assert.Equal(
+		t,
+		batchData.Hash().Hex(),
+		"0x65cf210e30f75cf8fd198df124255f73bc08d6324759e828a784fa938e7ac43d",
+		"wrong genesis batch hash",
+	)
+}
--- a/bridge/internal/types/block.go
+++ b/bridge/internal/types/block.go
@@ -1,18 +1,10 @@
 package types

 import (
-	"encoding/binary"
-	"errors"
-	"math"
-
 	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/common"
-	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/common/hexutil"
 	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/core/types"
 )

-const nonZeroByteGas uint64 = 16
-const zeroByteGas uint64 = 4
-
 // WrappedBlock contains the block's Header, Transactions and WithdrawTrieRoot hash.
 type WrappedBlock struct {
 	Header *types.Header `json:"header"`
@@ -21,116 +13,9 @@ type WrappedBlock struct {
 	WithdrawTrieRoot common.Hash              `json:"withdraw_trie_root,omitempty"`
 }

-// NumL1Messages returns the number of L1 messages in this block.
-// This number is the sum of included and skipped L1 messages.
-func (w *WrappedBlock) NumL1Messages(totalL1MessagePoppedBefore uint64) uint64 {
-	var lastQueueIndex *uint64
-	for _, txData := range w.Transactions {
-		if txData.Type == types.L1MessageTxType {
-			lastQueueIndex = &txData.Nonce
-		}
-	}
-	if lastQueueIndex == nil {
-		return 0
-	}
-	// note: last queue index included before this block is totalL1MessagePoppedBefore - 1
-	// TODO: cache results
-	return *lastQueueIndex - totalL1MessagePoppedBefore + 1
-}
-
-// Encode encodes the WrappedBlock into RollupV2 BlockContext Encoding.
-func (w *WrappedBlock) Encode(totalL1MessagePoppedBefore uint64) ([]byte, error) {
-	bytes := make([]byte, 60)
-
-	if !w.Header.Number.IsUint64() {
-		return nil, errors.New("block number is not uint64")
-	}
-	if len(w.Transactions) > math.MaxUint16 {
-		return nil, errors.New("number of transactions exceeds max uint16")
-	}
-
-	numL1Messages := w.NumL1Messages(totalL1MessagePoppedBefore)
-	if numL1Messages > math.MaxUint16 {
-		return nil, errors.New("number of L1 messages exceeds max uint16")
-	}
-
-	binary.BigEndian.PutUint64(bytes[0:], w.Header.Number.Uint64())
-	binary.BigEndian.PutUint64(bytes[8:], w.Header.Time)
-	// TODO: [16:47] Currently, baseFee is 0, because we disable EIP-1559.
-	binary.BigEndian.PutUint64(bytes[48:], w.Header.GasLimit)
-	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(bytes[56:], uint16(len(w.Transactions)))
-	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(bytes[58:], uint16(numL1Messages))
-
-	return bytes, nil
-}
-
-// EstimateL1CommitCalldataSize calculates the calldata size in l1 commit approximately.
-// TODO: The calculation could be more accurate by using 58 + len(l2TxDataBytes) (see Chunk).
-// This needs to be adjusted in the future.
-func (w *WrappedBlock) EstimateL1CommitCalldataSize() uint64 {
-	var size uint64
-	for _, txData := range w.Transactions {
-		if txData.Type == types.L1MessageTxType {
-			continue
-		}
-		size += uint64(len(txData.Data))
-	}
-	return size
-}
-
-// EstimateL1CommitGas calculates the calldata gas in l1 commit approximately.
-// TODO: This will need to be adjusted.
-// The part added here is only the calldata cost,
-// but we have execution cost for verifying blocks / chunks / batches and storing the batch hash.
-func (w *WrappedBlock) EstimateL1CommitGas() uint64 {
-	var total uint64
-	for _, txData := range w.Transactions {
-		if txData.Type == types.L1MessageTxType {
-			continue
-		}
-		data, _ := hexutil.Decode(txData.Data)
-		tx := types.NewTx(&types.LegacyTx{
-			Nonce:    txData.Nonce,
-			To:       txData.To,
-			Value:    txData.Value.ToInt(),
-			Gas:      txData.Gas,
-			GasPrice: txData.GasPrice.ToInt(),
-			Data:     data,
-			V:        txData.V.ToInt(),
-			R:        txData.R.ToInt(),
-			S:        txData.S.ToInt(),
-		})
-		rlpTxData, _ := tx.MarshalBinary()
-
-		for _, b := range rlpTxData {
-			if b == 0 {
-				total += zeroByteGas
-			} else {
-				total += nonZeroByteGas
-			}
-		}
-
-		var txLen [4]byte
-		binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(txLen[:], uint32(len(rlpTxData)))
-
-		for _, b := range txLen {
-			if b == 0 {
-				total += zeroByteGas
-			} else {
-				total += nonZeroByteGas
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	return total
-}
-
-// L2TxsNum calculates the number of l2 txs.
-func (w *WrappedBlock) L2TxsNum() uint64 {
-	var count uint64
-	for _, txData := range w.Transactions {
-		if txData.Type != types.L1MessageTxType {
-			count++
-		}
-	}
-	return count
+// BatchInfo contains the BlockBatch's main info
+type BatchInfo struct {
+	Index     uint64 `json:"index"`
+	Hash      string `json:"hash"`
+	StateRoot string `json:"state_root"`
 }
--- a/bridge/internal/types/chunk.go
+++ b/bridge/internal/types/chunk.go
@@ -1,137 +0,0 @@
-package types
-
-import (
-	"encoding/binary"
-	"encoding/hex"
-	"errors"
-	"fmt"
-	"strings"
-
-	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/common"
-	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/common/hexutil"
-	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/core/types"
-	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/crypto"
-)
-
-// Chunk contains blocks to be encoded
-type Chunk struct {
-	Blocks []*WrappedBlock `json:"blocks"`
-}
-
-// NumL1Messages returns the number of L1 messages in this chunk.
-// This number is the sum of included and skipped L1 messages.
-func (c *Chunk) NumL1Messages(totalL1MessagePoppedBefore uint64) uint64 {
-	var numL1Messages uint64
-	for _, block := range c.Blocks {
-		numL1MessagesInBlock := block.NumL1Messages(totalL1MessagePoppedBefore)
-		numL1Messages += numL1MessagesInBlock
-		totalL1MessagePoppedBefore += numL1MessagesInBlock
-	}
-	// TODO: cache results
-	return numL1Messages
-}
-
-// Encode encodes the Chunk into RollupV2 Chunk Encoding.
-func (c *Chunk) Encode(totalL1MessagePoppedBefore uint64) ([]byte, error) {
-	numBlocks := len(c.Blocks)
-
-	if numBlocks > 255 {
-		return nil, errors.New("number of blocks exceeds 1 byte")
-	}
-	if numBlocks == 0 {
-		return nil, errors.New("number of blocks is 0")
-	}
-
-	var chunkBytes []byte
-	chunkBytes = append(chunkBytes, byte(numBlocks))
-
-	var l2TxDataBytes []byte
-
-	for _, block := range c.Blocks {
-		blockBytes, err := block.Encode(totalL1MessagePoppedBefore)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to encode block: %v", err)
-		}
-		totalL1MessagePoppedBefore += block.NumL1Messages(totalL1MessagePoppedBefore)
-
-		if len(blockBytes) != 60 {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("block encoding is not 60 bytes long %x", len(blockBytes))
-		}
-
-		chunkBytes = append(chunkBytes, blockBytes...)
-
-		// Append rlp-encoded l2Txs
-		for _, txData := range block.Transactions {
-			if txData.Type == types.L1MessageTxType {
-				continue
-			}
-			data, err := hexutil.Decode(txData.Data)
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
-			}
-			// right now we only support legacy tx
-			tx := types.NewTx(&types.LegacyTx{
-				Nonce:    txData.Nonce,
-				To:       txData.To,
-				Value:    txData.Value.ToInt(),
-				Gas:      txData.Gas,
-				GasPrice: txData.GasPrice.ToInt(),
-				Data:     data,
-				V:        txData.V.ToInt(),
-				R:        txData.R.ToInt(),
-				S:        txData.S.ToInt(),
-			})
-			rlpTxData, err := tx.MarshalBinary()
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
-			}
-			var txLen [4]byte
-			binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(txLen[:], uint32(len(rlpTxData)))
-			l2TxDataBytes = append(l2TxDataBytes, txLen[:]...)
-			l2TxDataBytes = append(l2TxDataBytes, rlpTxData...)
-		}
-	}
-
-	chunkBytes = append(chunkBytes, l2TxDataBytes...)
-
-	return chunkBytes, nil
-}
-
-// Hash hashes the Chunk into RollupV2 Chunk Hash
-func (c *Chunk) Hash(totalL1MessagePoppedBefore uint64) (common.Hash, error) {
-	chunkBytes, err := c.Encode(totalL1MessagePoppedBefore)
-	if err != nil {
-		return common.Hash{}, err
-	}
-	numBlocks := chunkBytes[0]
-
-	// concatenate block contexts
-	var dataBytes []byte
-	for i := 0; i < int(numBlocks); i++ {
-		// only the first 58 bytes of each BlockContext are needed for the hashing process
-		dataBytes = append(dataBytes, chunkBytes[1+60*i:60*i+59]...)
-	}
-
-	// concatenate l1 and l2 tx hashes
-	for _, block := range c.Blocks {
-		var l1TxHashes []byte
-		var l2TxHashes []byte
-		for _, txData := range block.Transactions {
-			txHash := strings.TrimPrefix(txData.TxHash, "0x")
-			hashBytes, err := hex.DecodeString(txHash)
-			if err != nil {
-				return common.Hash{}, err
-			}
-			if txData.Type == types.L1MessageTxType {
-				l1TxHashes = append(l1TxHashes, hashBytes...)
-			} else {
-				l2TxHashes = append(l2TxHashes, hashBytes...)
-			}
-		}
-		dataBytes = append(dataBytes, l1TxHashes...)
-		dataBytes = append(dataBytes, l2TxHashes...)
-	}
-
-	hash := crypto.Keccak256Hash(dataBytes)
-	return hash, nil
-}
--- a/bridge/internal/types/chunk_test.go
+++ b/bridge/internal/types/chunk_test.go
@@ -1,137 +0,0 @@
-package types
-
-import (
-	"encoding/hex"
-	"encoding/json"
-	"os"
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
-)
-
-func TestChunkEncode(t *testing.T) {
-	// Test case 1: when the chunk contains no blocks.
-	chunk := &Chunk{
-		Blocks: []*WrappedBlock{},
-	}
-	bytes, err := chunk.Encode(0)
-	assert.Nil(t, bytes)
-	assert.Error(t, err)
-	assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), "number of blocks is 0")
-
-	// Test case 2: when the chunk contains more than 255 blocks.
-	chunk = &Chunk{
-		Blocks: []*WrappedBlock{},
-	}
-	for i := 0; i < 256; i++ {
-		chunk.Blocks = append(chunk.Blocks, &WrappedBlock{})
-	}
-	bytes, err = chunk.Encode(0)
-	assert.Nil(t, bytes)
-	assert.Error(t, err)
-	assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), "number of blocks exceeds 1 byte")
-
-	// Test case 3: when the chunk contains one block.
-	templateBlockTrace, err := os.ReadFile("../../../common/testdata/blockTrace_02.json")
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-
-	wrappedBlock := &WrappedBlock{}
-	assert.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal(templateBlockTrace, wrappedBlock))
-	assert.Equal(t, uint64(0), wrappedBlock.NumL1Messages(0))
-	chunk = &Chunk{
-		Blocks: []*WrappedBlock{
-			wrappedBlock,
-		},
-	}
-	bytes, err = chunk.Encode(0)
-	hexString := hex.EncodeToString(bytes)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, 299, len(bytes))
-	assert.Equal(t, "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", hexString)
-
-	// Test case 4: when the chunk contains one block with 1 L1MsgTx
-	templateBlockTrace2, err := os.ReadFile("../../../common/testdata/blockTrace_04.json")
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-
-	wrappedBlock2 := &WrappedBlock{}
-	assert.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal(templateBlockTrace2, wrappedBlock2))
-	assert.Equal(t, uint64(11), wrappedBlock2.NumL1Messages(0)) // 0..=9 skipped, 10 included
-	chunk = &Chunk{
-		Blocks: []*WrappedBlock{
-			wrappedBlock2,
-		},
-	}
-	bytes, err = chunk.Encode(0)
-	hexString = hex.EncodeToString(bytes)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, 97, len(bytes))
-	assert.Equal(t, "01000000000000000d00000000646b6e13000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000007a12000002000b00000020df0b80825dc0941a258d17bf244c4df02d40343a7626a9d321e1058080808080", hexString)
-
-	// Test case 5: when the chunk contains two blocks each with 1 L1MsgTx
-	chunk = &Chunk{
-		Blocks: []*WrappedBlock{
-			wrappedBlock2,
-			wrappedBlock2,
-		},
-	}
-	bytes, err = chunk.Encode(0)
-	hexString = hex.EncodeToString(bytes)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, 193, len(bytes))
-	assert.Equal(t, "02000000000000000d00000000646b6e13000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000007a12000002000b000000000000000d00000000646b6e13000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000007a12000002000000000020df0b80825dc0941a258d17bf244c4df02d40343a7626a9d321e105808080808000000020df0b80825dc0941a258d17bf244c4df02d40343a7626a9d321e1058080808080", hexString)
-}
-
-func TestChunkHash(t *testing.T) {
-	// Test case 1: when the chunk contains no blocks
-	chunk := &Chunk{
-		Blocks: []*WrappedBlock{},
-	}
-	hash, err := chunk.Hash(0)
-	assert.Error(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000", hash.Hex())
-	assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), "number of blocks is 0")
-
-	// Test case 2: successfully hashing a chunk on one block
-	templateBlockTrace, err := os.ReadFile("../../../common/testdata/blockTrace_02.json")
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	wrappedBlock := &WrappedBlock{}
-	assert.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal(templateBlockTrace, wrappedBlock))
-	chunk = &Chunk{
-		Blocks: []*WrappedBlock{
-			wrappedBlock,
-		},
-	}
-	hash, err = chunk.Hash(0)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, "0x78c839dfc494396c16b40946f32b3f4c3e8c2d4bfd04aefcf235edec474482f8", hash.Hex())
-
-	// Test case 3: successfully hashing a chunk on two blocks
-	templateBlockTrace1, err := os.ReadFile("../../../common/testdata/blockTrace_03.json")
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	wrappedBlock1 := &WrappedBlock{}
-	assert.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal(templateBlockTrace1, wrappedBlock1))
-	chunk = &Chunk{
-		Blocks: []*WrappedBlock{
-			wrappedBlock,
-			wrappedBlock1,
-		},
-	}
-	hash, err = chunk.Hash(0)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, "0xaa9e494f72bc6965857856f0fae6916f27b2a6591c714a573b2fab46df03b8ae", hash.Hex())
-
-	// Test case 4: successfully hashing a chunk on two blocks each with L1 and L2 txs
-	templateBlockTrace2, err := os.ReadFile("../../../common/testdata/blockTrace_04.json")
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	wrappedBlock2 := &WrappedBlock{}
-	assert.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal(templateBlockTrace2, wrappedBlock2))
-	chunk = &Chunk{
-		Blocks: []*WrappedBlock{
-			wrappedBlock2,
-			wrappedBlock2,
-		},
-	}
-	hash, err = chunk.Hash(0)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, "0x42967825696a129e7a83f082097aca982747480956dcaa448c9296e795c9a91a", hash.Hex())
-}
--- a/bridge/mock_bridge/MockBridgeL1.sol
+++ b/bridge/mock_bridge/MockBridgeL1.sol
@@ -1,10 +1,6 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: UNLICENSED
 pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

-import {BatchHeaderV0Codec} from "../../contracts/src/libraries/codec/BatchHeaderV0Codec.sol";
-import {ChunkCodec} from "../../contracts/src/libraries/codec/ChunkCodec.sol";
-import {IL1MessageQueue} from "../../contracts/src/L1/rollup/IL1MessageQueue.sol";
-
 contract MockBridgeL1 {
  /******************************
   * Events from L1MessageQueue *
@@ -21,7 +17,7 @@ contract MockBridgeL1 {
    address indexed sender,
    address indexed target,
    uint256 value,
-    uint64 queueIndex,
+    uint256 queueIndex,
    uint256 gasLimit,
    bytes data
  );
@@ -50,27 +46,74 @@ contract MockBridgeL1 {
  /// @param messageHash The hash of the message.
  event RelayedMessage(bytes32 indexed messageHash);

+  /// @dev The maximum number of transaction in on batch.
+  uint256 public immutable maxNumTxInBatch;
+
+  /// @dev The hash used for padding public inputs.
+  bytes32 public immutable paddingTxHash;
+
  /***************************
   * Events from ScrollChain *
   ***************************/

-  /// @notice Emitted when a new batch is committed.
-  /// @param batchHash The hash of the batch.
+  /// @notice Emitted when a new batch is commited.
+  /// @param batchHash The hash of the batch
  event CommitBatch(bytes32 indexed batchHash);

+  /// @notice Emitted when a batch is reverted.
+  /// @param batchHash The identification of the batch.
+  event RevertBatch(bytes32 indexed batchHash);
+
  /// @notice Emitted when a batch is finalized.
  /// @param batchHash The hash of the batch
-  /// @param stateRoot The state root in layer 2 after this batch.
-  /// @param withdrawRoot The merkle root in layer2 after this batch.
-  event FinalizeBatch(bytes32 indexed batchHash, bytes32 stateRoot, bytes32 withdrawRoot);
+  event FinalizeBatch(bytes32 indexed batchHash);

  /***********
   * Structs *
   ***********/

+  struct BlockContext {
+    // The hash of this block.
+    bytes32 blockHash;
+    // The parent hash of this block.
+    bytes32 parentHash;
+    // The height of this block.
+    uint64 blockNumber;
+    // The timestamp of this block.
+    uint64 timestamp;
+    // The base fee of this block.
+    // Currently, it is not used, because we disable EIP-1559.
+    // We keep it for future proof.
+    uint256 baseFee;
+    // The gas limit of this block.
+    uint64 gasLimit;
+    // The number of transactions in this block, both L1 & L2 txs.
+    uint16 numTransactions;
+    // The number of l1 messages in this block.
+    uint16 numL1Messages;
+  }
+
+  struct Batch {
+    // The list of blocks in this batch
+    BlockContext[] blocks; // MAX_NUM_BLOCKS = 100, about 5 min
+    // The state root of previous batch.
+    // The first batch will use 0x0 for prevStateRoot
+    bytes32 prevStateRoot;
+    // The state root of the last block in this batch.
+    bytes32 newStateRoot;
+    // The withdraw trie root of the last block in this batch.
+    bytes32 withdrawTrieRoot;
+    // The index of the batch.
+    uint64 batchIndex;
+    // The parent batch hash.
+    bytes32 parentBatchHash;
+    // Concatenated raw data of RLP encoded L2 txs
+    bytes l2Transactions;
+  }
+
  struct L2MessageProof {
-    // The index of the batch where the message belongs to.
-    uint256 batchIndex;
+    // The hash of the batch where the message belongs to.
+    bytes32 batchHash;
    // Concatenation of merkle proof for withdraw merkle trie.
    bytes merkleProof;
  }
@@ -82,7 +125,14 @@ contract MockBridgeL1 {
  /// @notice Message nonce, used to avoid relay attack.
  uint256 public messageNonce;

-  mapping(uint256 => bytes32) public committedBatches;
+  /***************
+   * Constructor *
+   ***************/
+
+  constructor() {
+    maxNumTxInBatch = 44;
+    paddingTxHash = 0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000;
+  }

  /***********************************
   * Functions from L2GasPriceOracle *
@@ -104,7 +154,7 @@ contract MockBridgeL1 {
    bytes memory _xDomainCalldata = _encodeXDomainCalldata(msg.sender, target, value, messageNonce, message);
    {
      address _sender = applyL1ToL2Alias(address(this));
-      emit QueueTransaction(_sender, target, 0, uint64(messageNonce), gasLimit, _xDomainCalldata);
+      emit QueueTransaction(_sender, target, 0, messageNonce, gasLimit, _xDomainCalldata);
    }

    emit SentMessage(msg.sender, target, value, messageNonce, gasLimit, message);
@@ -128,65 +178,37 @@ contract MockBridgeL1 {
   * Functions from ScrollChain *
   ******************************/

-  function commitBatch(
-    uint8 /*version*/,
-    bytes calldata /*parentBatchHeader*/,
-    bytes[] memory chunks,
-    bytes calldata /*skippedL1MessageBitmap*/
-  ) external {
-    // check whether the batch is empty
-    uint256 _chunksLength = chunks.length;
-    require(_chunksLength > 0, "batch is empty");
+  function commitBatch(Batch memory _batch) external {
+    _commitBatch(_batch);
+  }

-    uint256 dataPtr;
-    assembly {
-      dataPtr := mload(0x40)
-      mstore(0x40, add(dataPtr, mul(_chunksLength, 32)))
+  function commitBatches(Batch[] memory _batches) external {
+    for (uint256 i = 0; i < _batches.length; i++) {
+      _commitBatch(_batches[i]);
    }
+  }

-    for (uint256 i = 0; i < _chunksLength; i++) {
-      _commitChunk(dataPtr, chunks[i]);
-
-      unchecked {
-        dataPtr += 32;
-      }
-    }
-
-    bytes32 _dataHash;
-    assembly {
-      let dataLen := mul(_chunksLength, 0x20)
-      _dataHash := keccak256(sub(dataPtr, dataLen), dataLen)
-    }
-
-    bytes memory paddedData = new bytes(89);
-    assembly {
-      mstore(add(paddedData, 57), _dataHash)
-    }
-
-    uint256 batchPtr;
-    assembly {
-      batchPtr := add(paddedData, 32)
-    }
-    bytes32 _batchHash = BatchHeaderV0Codec.computeBatchHash(batchPtr, 89);
-    committedBatches[0] = _batchHash;
-    emit CommitBatch(_batchHash);
+  function revertBatch(bytes32 _batchHash) external {
+    emit RevertBatch(_batchHash);
  }

  function finalizeBatchWithProof(
-    bytes calldata /*batchHeader*/,
-    bytes32 /*prevStateRoot*/,
-    bytes32 postStateRoot,
-    bytes32 withdrawRoot,
-    bytes calldata /*aggrProof*/
+    bytes32 _batchHash,
+    uint256[] memory,
+    uint256[] memory
  ) external {
-    bytes32 _batchHash = committedBatches[0];
-    emit FinalizeBatch(_batchHash, postStateRoot, withdrawRoot);
+    emit FinalizeBatch(_batchHash);
  }

  /**********************
   * Internal Functions *
   **********************/

+  function _commitBatch(Batch memory _batch) internal {
+    bytes32 _batchHash = _computePublicInputHash(_batch);
+    emit CommitBatch(_batchHash);
+  }
+
  /// @dev Internal function to generate the correct cross domain calldata for a message.
  /// @param _sender Message sender address.
  /// @param _target Target contract address.
@@ -212,10 +234,6 @@ contract MockBridgeL1 {
      );
  }

-  /// @notice Utility function that converts the address in the L1 that submitted a tx to
-  /// the inbox to the msg.sender viewed in the L2
-  /// @param l1Address the address in the L1 that triggered the tx to L2
-  /// @return l2Address L2 address as viewed in msg.sender
  function applyL1ToL2Alias(address l1Address) internal pure returns (address l2Address) {
    uint160 offset = uint160(0x1111000000000000000000000000000000001111);
    unchecked {
@@ -223,67 +241,140 @@ contract MockBridgeL1 {
    }
  }

-  function _commitChunk(
-    uint256 memPtr,
-    bytes memory _chunk
-  ) internal pure {
-    uint256 chunkPtr;
-    uint256 startDataPtr;
-    uint256 dataPtr;
-    uint256 blockPtr;
-
-    assembly {
-      dataPtr := mload(0x40)
-      startDataPtr := dataPtr
-      chunkPtr := add(_chunk, 0x20) // skip chunkLength
-      blockPtr := add(chunkPtr, 1) // skip numBlocks
-    }
-
-    uint256 _numBlocks = ChunkCodec.validateChunkLength(chunkPtr, _chunk.length);
-
-    // concatenate block contexts
-    uint256 _totalTransactionsInChunk;
-    for (uint256 i = 0; i < _numBlocks; i++) {
-      dataPtr = ChunkCodec.copyBlockContext(chunkPtr, dataPtr, i);
-      uint256 _numTransactionsInBlock = ChunkCodec.numTransactions(blockPtr);
-      unchecked {
-        _totalTransactionsInChunk += _numTransactionsInBlock;
-        blockPtr += ChunkCodec.BLOCK_CONTEXT_LENGTH;
+  /// @dev Internal function to compute the public input hash.
+  /// @param batch The batch to compute.
+  function _computePublicInputHash(Batch memory batch)
+    internal
+    view
+    returns (
+      bytes32
+    )
+  {
+    uint256 publicInputsPtr;
+    // 1. append prevStateRoot, newStateRoot and withdrawTrieRoot to public inputs
+    {
+      bytes32 prevStateRoot = batch.prevStateRoot;
+      bytes32 newStateRoot = batch.newStateRoot;
+      bytes32 withdrawTrieRoot = batch.withdrawTrieRoot;
+      // number of bytes in public inputs: 32 * 3 + 124 * blocks + 32 * MAX_NUM_TXS
+      uint256 publicInputsSize = 32 * 3 + batch.blocks.length * 124 + 32 * maxNumTxInBatch;
+      assembly {
+        publicInputsPtr := mload(0x40)
+        mstore(0x40, add(publicInputsPtr, publicInputsSize))
+        mstore(publicInputsPtr, prevStateRoot)
+        publicInputsPtr := add(publicInputsPtr, 0x20)
+        mstore(publicInputsPtr, newStateRoot)
+        publicInputsPtr := add(publicInputsPtr, 0x20)
+        mstore(publicInputsPtr, withdrawTrieRoot)
+        publicInputsPtr := add(publicInputsPtr, 0x20)
      }
    }

-    assembly {
-      mstore(0x40, add(dataPtr, mul(_totalTransactionsInChunk, 0x20))) // reserve memory for tx hashes
-      blockPtr := add(chunkPtr, 1) // reset block ptr
-    }
+    uint64 numTransactionsInBatch;
+    BlockContext memory _block;
+    // 2. append block information to public inputs.
+    for (uint256 i = 0; i < batch.blocks.length; i++) {
+      // validate blocks, we won't check first block against previous batch.
+      {
+        BlockContext memory _currentBlock = batch.blocks[i];
+        if (i > 0) {
+          require(_block.blockHash == _currentBlock.parentHash, "Parent hash mismatch");
+          require(_block.blockNumber + 1 == _currentBlock.blockNumber, "Block number mismatch");
+        }
+        _block = _currentBlock;
+      }

-    // concatenate tx hashes
-    uint256 l2TxPtr = ChunkCodec.l2TxPtr(chunkPtr, _numBlocks);
-    while (_numBlocks > 0) {
-      // concatenate l2 transaction hashes
-      uint256 _numTransactionsInBlock = ChunkCodec.numTransactions(blockPtr);
-      for (uint256 j = 0; j < _numTransactionsInBlock; j++) {
-        bytes32 txHash;
-        (txHash, l2TxPtr) = ChunkCodec.loadL2TxHash(l2TxPtr);
+      // append blockHash and parentHash to public inputs
+      {
+        bytes32 blockHash = _block.blockHash;
+        bytes32 parentHash = _block.parentHash;
        assembly {
-          mstore(dataPtr, txHash)
-          dataPtr := add(dataPtr, 0x20)
+          mstore(publicInputsPtr, blockHash)
+          publicInputsPtr := add(publicInputsPtr, 0x20)
+          mstore(publicInputsPtr, parentHash)
+          publicInputsPtr := add(publicInputsPtr, 0x20)
        }
      }
+      // append blockNumber and blockTimestamp to public inputs
+      {
+        uint256 blockNumber = _block.blockNumber;
+        uint256 blockTimestamp = _block.timestamp;
+        assembly {
+          mstore(publicInputsPtr, shl(192, blockNumber))
+          publicInputsPtr := add(publicInputsPtr, 0x8)
+          mstore(publicInputsPtr, shl(192, blockTimestamp))
+          publicInputsPtr := add(publicInputsPtr, 0x8)
+        }
+      }
+      // append baseFee to public inputs
+      {
+        uint256 baseFee = _block.baseFee;
+        assembly {
+          mstore(publicInputsPtr, baseFee)
+          publicInputsPtr := add(publicInputsPtr, 0x20)
+        }
+      }
+      uint64 numTransactionsInBlock = _block.numTransactions;
+      // gasLimit, numTransactions and numL1Messages to public inputs
+      {
+        uint256 gasLimit = _block.gasLimit;
+        uint256 numL1MessagesInBlock = _block.numL1Messages;
+        assembly {
+          mstore(publicInputsPtr, shl(192, gasLimit))
+          publicInputsPtr := add(publicInputsPtr, 0x8)
+          mstore(publicInputsPtr, shl(240, numTransactionsInBlock))
+          publicInputsPtr := add(publicInputsPtr, 0x2)
+          mstore(publicInputsPtr, shl(240, numL1MessagesInBlock))
+          publicInputsPtr := add(publicInputsPtr, 0x2)
+        }
+      }
+      numTransactionsInBatch += numTransactionsInBlock;
+    }
+    require(numTransactionsInBatch <= maxNumTxInBatch, "Too many transactions in batch");

-      unchecked {
-        _numBlocks -= 1;
-        blockPtr += ChunkCodec.BLOCK_CONTEXT_LENGTH;
+    // 3. append transaction hash to public inputs.
+    uint256 _l2TxnPtr;
+    {
+      bytes memory l2Transactions = batch.l2Transactions;
+      assembly {
+        _l2TxnPtr := add(l2Transactions, 0x20)
+      }
+    }
+    for (uint256 i = 0; i < batch.blocks.length; i++) {
+      uint256 numL1MessagesInBlock = batch.blocks[i].numL1Messages;
+      require(numL1MessagesInBlock == 0);
+      uint256 numTransactionsInBlock = batch.blocks[i].numTransactions;
+      for (uint256 j = numL1MessagesInBlock; j < numTransactionsInBlock; ++j) {
+        bytes32 hash;
+        assembly {
+          let txPayloadLength := shr(224, mload(_l2TxnPtr))
+          _l2TxnPtr := add(_l2TxnPtr, 4)
+          _l2TxnPtr := add(_l2TxnPtr, txPayloadLength)
+          hash := keccak256(sub(_l2TxnPtr, txPayloadLength), txPayloadLength)
+          mstore(publicInputsPtr, hash)
+          publicInputsPtr := add(publicInputsPtr, 0x20)
+        }
      }
    }

-    // check chunk has correct length
-    require(l2TxPtr - chunkPtr == _chunk.length, "incomplete l2 transaction data");
-
-    // compute data hash and store to memory
-    assembly {
-      let dataHash := keccak256(startDataPtr, sub(dataPtr, startDataPtr))
-      mstore(memPtr, dataHash)
+    // 4. append padding transaction to public inputs.
+    bytes32 txHashPadding = paddingTxHash;
+    for (uint256 i = numTransactionsInBatch; i < maxNumTxInBatch; i++) {
+      assembly {
+        mstore(publicInputsPtr, txHashPadding)
+        publicInputsPtr := add(publicInputsPtr, 0x20)
+      }
    }
+
+    // 5. compute public input hash
+    bytes32 publicInputHash;
+    {
+      uint256 publicInputsSize = 32 * 3 + batch.blocks.length * 124 + 32 * maxNumTxInBatch;
+      assembly {
+        publicInputHash := keccak256(sub(publicInputsPtr, publicInputsSize), publicInputsSize)
+      }
+    }
+
+    return publicInputHash;
  }
 }
--- a/bridge/mock_bridge/MockBridgeL2.sol
+++ b/bridge/mock_bridge/MockBridgeL2.sol
@@ -11,6 +11,24 @@ contract MockBridgeL2 {
  /// @param messageHash The hash of the corresponding message.
  event AppendMessage(uint256 index, bytes32 messageHash);

+  /********************************
+   * Events from L1BlockContainer *
+   ********************************/
+
+  /// @notice Emitted when a block is imported.
+  /// @param blockHash The hash of the imported block.
+  /// @param blockHeight The height of the imported block.
+  /// @param blockTimestamp The timestamp of the imported block.
+  /// @param baseFee The base fee of the imported block.
+  /// @param stateRoot The state root of the imported block.
+  event ImportBlock(
+    bytes32 indexed blockHash,
+    uint256 blockHeight,
+    uint256 blockTimestamp,
+    uint256 baseFee,
+    bytes32 stateRoot
+  );
+
  /*********************************
   * Events from L2ScrollMessenger *
   *********************************/
--- a/bridge/tests/bridge_test.go
+++ b/bridge/tests/bridge_test.go
@@ -63,9 +63,9 @@ func setupDB(t *testing.T) *gorm.DB {
 func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
 	base = docker.NewDockerApp()
 	bridgeApp = bcmd.NewBridgeApp(base, "../conf/config.json")
-	defer bridgeApp.Free()
-	defer base.Free()
 	m.Run()
+	bridgeApp.Free()
+	base.Free()
 }

 func setupEnv(t *testing.T) {
@@ -129,10 +129,6 @@ func prepareContracts(t *testing.T) {
 func TestFunction(t *testing.T) {
 	setupEnv(t)

-	// process start test
-	t.Run("TestProcessStart", testProcessStart)
-	t.Run("TestProcessStartEnableMetrics", testProcessStartEnableMetrics)
-
 	// l1 rollup and watch rollup events
 	t.Run("TestCommitBatchAndFinalizeBatch", testCommitBatchAndFinalizeBatch)

@@ -140,7 +136,7 @@ func TestFunction(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("TestRelayL1MessageSucceed", testRelayL1MessageSucceed)

 	// l2 message
-	// TODO: add a "user relay l2msg Succeed" test
+	t.Run("TestRelayL2MessageSucceed", testRelayL2MessageSucceed)

 	// l1/l2 gas oracle
 	t.Run("TestImportL1GasPrice", testImportL1GasPrice)
--- a/bridge/tests/gas_oracle_test.go
+++ b/bridge/tests/gas_oracle_test.go
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/common"
 	gethTypes "github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/core/types"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"gorm.io/gorm"

 	"scroll-tech/common/types"

@@ -68,40 +69,50 @@ func testImportL2GasPrice(t *testing.T) {
 	prepareContracts(t)

 	l2Cfg := bridgeApp.Config.L2Config
-	l2Relayer, err := relayer.NewLayer2Relayer(context.Background(), l2Client, db, l2Cfg.RelayerConfig, false)
+	l2Relayer, err := relayer.NewLayer2Relayer(context.Background(), l2Client, db, l2Cfg.RelayerConfig)
 	assert.NoError(t, err)

-	// add fake chunk
-	chunk := &bridgeTypes.Chunk{
-		Blocks: []*bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock{
-			{
-				Header: &gethTypes.Header{
-					Number:     big.NewInt(1),
-					ParentHash: common.Hash{},
-					Difficulty: big.NewInt(0),
-					BaseFee:    big.NewInt(0),
-				},
-				Transactions:     nil,
-				WithdrawTrieRoot: common.Hash{},
+	// add fake blocks
+	traces := []*bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock{
+		{
+			Header: &gethTypes.Header{
+				Number:     big.NewInt(1),
+				ParentHash: common.Hash{},
+				Difficulty: big.NewInt(0),
+				BaseFee:    big.NewInt(0),
 			},
+			Transactions:     nil,
+			WithdrawTrieRoot: common.Hash{},
 		},
 	}
-	chunkHash, err := chunk.Hash(0)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)

-	batchOrm := orm.NewBatch(db)
-	_, err = batchOrm.InsertBatch(context.Background(), 0, 0, chunkHash.Hex(), chunkHash.Hex(), []*bridgeTypes.Chunk{chunk})
+	blockTraceOrm := orm.NewBlockTrace(db)
+	assert.NoError(t, blockTraceOrm.InsertWrappedBlocks(traces))
+
+	parentBatch := &bridgeTypes.BatchInfo{
+		Index: 0,
+		Hash:  "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
+	}
+	batchData := bridgeTypes.NewBatchData(parentBatch, []*bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock{traces[0]}, l2Cfg.BatchProposerConfig.PublicInputConfig)
+	blockBatchOrm := orm.NewBlockBatch(db)
+	err = db.Transaction(func(tx *gorm.DB) error {
+		_, dbTxErr := blockBatchOrm.InsertBlockBatchByBatchData(tx, batchData)
+		if dbTxErr != nil {
+			return dbTxErr
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
 	assert.NoError(t, err)

 	// check db status
-	batch, err := batchOrm.GetLatestBatch(context.Background())
+	batch, err := blockBatchOrm.GetLatestBatch()
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.Empty(t, batch.OracleTxHash)
 	assert.Equal(t, types.GasOracleStatus(batch.OracleStatus), types.GasOraclePending)

 	// relay gas price
 	l2Relayer.ProcessGasPriceOracle()
-	batch, err = batchOrm.GetLatestBatch(context.Background())
+	batch, err = blockBatchOrm.GetLatestBatch()
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.NotEmpty(t, batch.OracleTxHash)
 	assert.Equal(t, types.GasOracleStatus(batch.OracleStatus), types.GasOracleImporting)
--- a/bridge/tests/l2_message_relay_test.go
+++ b/bridge/tests/l2_message_relay_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+package tests
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"math/big"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/accounts/abi/bind"
+	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/common"
+	gethTypes "github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/core/types"
+	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/rpc"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+
+	"scroll-tech/common/types"
+
+	"scroll-tech/bridge/internal/controller/relayer"
+	"scroll-tech/bridge/internal/controller/watcher"
+	"scroll-tech/bridge/internal/orm"
+	bridgeTypes "scroll-tech/bridge/internal/types"
+	"scroll-tech/bridge/internal/utils"
+)
+
+func testRelayL2MessageSucceed(t *testing.T) {
+	db := setupDB(t)
+	defer utils.CloseDB(db)
+
+	prepareContracts(t)
+
+	l2Cfg := bridgeApp.Config.L2Config
+
+	// Create L2Watcher
+	confirmations := rpc.LatestBlockNumber
+	l2Watcher := watcher.NewL2WatcherClient(context.Background(), l2Client, confirmations, l2Cfg.L2MessengerAddress, l2Cfg.L2MessageQueueAddress, l2Cfg.WithdrawTrieRootSlot, db)
+
+	// Create L2Relayer
+	l2Relayer, err := relayer.NewLayer2Relayer(context.Background(), l2Client, db, l2Cfg.RelayerConfig)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Create L1Watcher
+	l1Cfg := bridgeApp.Config.L1Config
+	l1Watcher := watcher.NewL1WatcherClient(context.Background(), l1Client, 0, confirmations, l1Cfg.L1MessengerAddress, l1Cfg.L1MessageQueueAddress, l1Cfg.ScrollChainContractAddress, db)
+
+	// send message through l2 messenger contract
+	nonce, err := l2MessengerInstance.MessageNonce(&bind.CallOpts{})
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	sendTx, err := l2MessengerInstance.SendMessage(l2Auth, l1Auth.From, big.NewInt(0), common.Hex2Bytes("00112233"), big.NewInt(0))
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	sendReceipt, err := bind.WaitMined(context.Background(), l2Client, sendTx)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	if sendReceipt.Status != gethTypes.ReceiptStatusSuccessful || err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Call failed")
+	}
+
+	// l2 watch process events
+	l2Watcher.FetchContractEvent()
+	l2MessageOrm := orm.NewL2Message(db)
+	blockTraceOrm := orm.NewBlockTrace(db)
+	blockBatchOrm := orm.NewBlockBatch(db)
+
+	// check db status
+	msg, err := l2MessageOrm.GetL2MessageByNonce(nonce.Uint64())
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, types.MsgStatus(msg.Status), types.MsgPending)
+	assert.Equal(t, msg.Sender, l2Auth.From.String())
+	assert.Equal(t, msg.Target, l1Auth.From.String())
+
+	// add fake blocks
+	traces := []*bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock{
+		{
+			Header: &gethTypes.Header{
+				Number:     sendReceipt.BlockNumber,
+				ParentHash: common.Hash{},
+				Difficulty: big.NewInt(0),
+				BaseFee:    big.NewInt(0),
+			},
+			Transactions:     nil,
+			WithdrawTrieRoot: common.Hash{},
+		},
+	}
+	assert.NoError(t, blockTraceOrm.InsertWrappedBlocks(traces))
+
+	parentBatch := &bridgeTypes.BatchInfo{
+		Index: 0,
+		Hash:  "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
+	}
+	batchData := bridgeTypes.NewBatchData(parentBatch, []*bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock{traces[0]}, l2Cfg.BatchProposerConfig.PublicInputConfig)
+	batchHash := batchData.Hash().String()
+	// add fake batch
+	err = db.Transaction(func(tx *gorm.DB) error {
+		rowsAffected, dbTxErr := blockBatchOrm.InsertBlockBatchByBatchData(tx, batchData)
+		if dbTxErr != nil {
+			return dbTxErr
+		}
+		if rowsAffected != 1 {
+			dbTxErr = errors.New("the InsertBlockBatchByBatchData affected row is not 1")
+			return dbTxErr
+		}
+		var blockIDs = make([]uint64, len(batchData.Batch.Blocks))
+		for i, block := range batchData.Batch.Blocks {
+			blockIDs[i] = block.BlockNumber
+		}
+		dbTxErr = blockTraceOrm.UpdateBatchHashForL2Blocks(tx, blockIDs, batchHash)
+		if dbTxErr != nil {
+			return dbTxErr
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// add dummy proof
+	tProof := []byte{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31}
+	tInstanceCommitments := []byte{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31}
+	err = blockBatchOrm.UpdateProofByHash(context.Background(), batchHash, tProof, tInstanceCommitments, 100)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	err = blockBatchOrm.UpdateProvingStatus(batchHash, types.ProvingTaskVerified)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// process pending batch and check status
+	assert.NoError(t, l2Relayer.SendCommitTx([]*bridgeTypes.BatchData{batchData}))
+
+	blockBatches, err := blockBatchOrm.GetBlockBatches(map[string]interface{}{"hash": batchHash}, nil, 1)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, 1, len(blockBatches))
+	assert.NotEmpty(t, blockBatches[0].CommitTxHash)
+	assert.Equal(t, types.RollupCommitting, types.RollupStatus(blockBatches[0].RollupStatus))
+
+	commitTx, _, err := l1Client.TransactionByHash(context.Background(), common.HexToHash(blockBatches[0].CommitTxHash))
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	commitTxReceipt, err := bind.WaitMined(context.Background(), l1Client, commitTx)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, len(commitTxReceipt.Logs), 1)
+
+	// fetch CommitBatch rollup events
+	err = l1Watcher.FetchContractEvent()
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	statuses, err := blockBatchOrm.GetRollupStatusByHashList([]string{batchHash})
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, 1, len(statuses))
+	assert.Equal(t, types.RollupCommitted, statuses[0])
+
+	// process committed batch and check status
+	l2Relayer.ProcessCommittedBatches()
+
+	blockBatchWithFinalizeTxHash, err := blockBatchOrm.GetBlockBatches(map[string]interface{}{"hash": batchHash}, nil, 1)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, 1, len(blockBatchWithFinalizeTxHash))
+	assert.NotEmpty(t, blockBatchWithFinalizeTxHash[0].FinalizeTxHash)
+	assert.Equal(t, types.RollupFinalizing, types.RollupStatus(blockBatchWithFinalizeTxHash[0].RollupStatus))
+
+	finalizeTx, _, err := l1Client.TransactionByHash(context.Background(), common.HexToHash(blockBatchWithFinalizeTxHash[0].FinalizeTxHash))
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	finalizeTxReceipt, err := bind.WaitMined(context.Background(), l1Client, finalizeTx)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, len(finalizeTxReceipt.Logs), 1)
+
+	// fetch FinalizeBatch events
+	err = l1Watcher.FetchContractEvent()
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	statuses, err = blockBatchOrm.GetRollupStatusByHashList([]string{batchHash})
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, 1, len(statuses))
+	assert.Equal(t, types.RollupFinalized, statuses[0])
+
+	// process l2 messages
+	l2Relayer.ProcessSavedEvents()
+
+	l2Messages, err := l2MessageOrm.GetL2Messages(map[string]interface{}{"nonce": nonce.Uint64()}, nil, 1)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, 1, len(l2Messages))
+	assert.NotEmpty(t, l2Messages[0].Layer1Hash)
+	assert.Equal(t, types.MsgStatus(l2Messages[0].Status), types.MsgSubmitted)
+
+	relayTx, _, err := l1Client.TransactionByHash(context.Background(), common.HexToHash(l2Messages[0].Layer1Hash))
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	relayTxReceipt, err := bind.WaitMined(context.Background(), l1Client, relayTx)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, len(relayTxReceipt.Logs), 1)
+
+	// fetch message relayed events
+	err = l1Watcher.FetchContractEvent()
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	msg, err = l2MessageOrm.GetL2MessageByNonce(nonce.Uint64())
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, types.MsgStatus(msg.Status), types.MsgConfirmed)
+}
--- a/bridge/tests/process_start_test.go
+++ b/bridge/tests/process_start_test.go
@@ -1,58 +0,0 @@
-package tests
-
-import (
-	"crypto/rand"
-	"math/big"
-	"strconv"
-	"testing"
-
-	_ "scroll-tech/bridge/cmd/event_watcher/app"
-	_ "scroll-tech/bridge/cmd/gas_oracle/app"
-	_ "scroll-tech/bridge/cmd/msg_relayer/app"
-	_ "scroll-tech/bridge/cmd/rollup_relayer/app"
-
-	cutils "scroll-tech/common/utils"
-
-	"scroll-tech/bridge/internal/utils"
-
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
-)
-
-func testProcessStart(t *testing.T) {
-	db := setupDB(t)
-	defer utils.CloseDB(db)
-
-	bridgeApp.RunApp(t, cutils.EventWatcherApp)
-	bridgeApp.RunApp(t, cutils.GasOracleApp)
-	bridgeApp.RunApp(t, cutils.MessageRelayerApp)
-	bridgeApp.RunApp(t, cutils.RollupRelayerApp)
-
-	bridgeApp.WaitExit()
-}
-
-func testProcessStartEnableMetrics(t *testing.T) {
-	db := setupDB(t)
-	defer utils.CloseDB(db)
-
-	port, err := rand.Int(rand.Reader, big.NewInt(2000))
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	svrPort := strconv.FormatInt(port.Int64()+50000, 10)
-	bridgeApp.RunApp(t, cutils.EventWatcherApp, "--metrics", "--metrics.addr", "localhost", "--metrics.port", svrPort)
-
-	port, err = rand.Int(rand.Reader, big.NewInt(2000))
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	svrPort = strconv.FormatInt(port.Int64()+50000, 10)
-	bridgeApp.RunApp(t, cutils.GasOracleApp, "--metrics", "--metrics.addr", "localhost", "--metrics.port", svrPort)
-
-	port, err = rand.Int(rand.Reader, big.NewInt(2000))
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	svrPort = strconv.FormatInt(port.Int64()+50000, 10)
-	bridgeApp.RunApp(t, cutils.MessageRelayerApp, "--metrics", "--metrics.addr", "localhost", "--metrics.port", svrPort)
-
-	port, err = rand.Int(rand.Reader, big.NewInt(2000))
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	svrPort = strconv.FormatInt(port.Int64()+50000, 10)
-	bridgeApp.RunApp(t, cutils.RollupRelayerApp, "--metrics", "--metrics.addr", "localhost", "--metrics.port", svrPort)
-
-	bridgeApp.WaitExit()
-}
--- a/bridge/tests/rollup_test.go
+++ b/bridge/tests/rollup_test.go
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package tests

 import (
 	"context"
+	"errors"
 	"math/big"
 	"testing"

@@ -9,11 +10,10 @@ import (
 	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/common"
 	gethTypes "github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/core/types"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"gorm.io/gorm"

 	"scroll-tech/common/types"
-	"scroll-tech/common/types/message"

-	"scroll-tech/bridge/internal/config"
 	"scroll-tech/bridge/internal/controller/relayer"
 	"scroll-tech/bridge/internal/controller/watcher"
 	"scroll-tech/bridge/internal/orm"
@@ -29,19 +29,22 @@ func testCommitBatchAndFinalizeBatch(t *testing.T) {

 	// Create L2Relayer
 	l2Cfg := bridgeApp.Config.L2Config
-	l2Relayer, err := relayer.NewLayer2Relayer(context.Background(), l2Client, db, l2Cfg.RelayerConfig, false)
+	l2Relayer, err := relayer.NewLayer2Relayer(context.Background(), l2Client, db, l2Cfg.RelayerConfig)
 	assert.NoError(t, err)

 	// Create L1Watcher
 	l1Cfg := bridgeApp.Config.L1Config
 	l1Watcher := watcher.NewL1WatcherClient(context.Background(), l1Client, 0, l1Cfg.Confirmations, l1Cfg.L1MessengerAddress, l1Cfg.L1MessageQueueAddress, l1Cfg.ScrollChainContractAddress, db)

+	blockTraceOrm := orm.NewBlockTrace(db)
+
 	// add some blocks to db
 	var wrappedBlocks []*bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock
-	for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
+	var parentHash common.Hash
+	for i := 1; i <= 10; i++ {
 		header := gethTypes.Header{
 			Number:     big.NewInt(int64(i)),
-			ParentHash: common.Hash{},
+			ParentHash: parentHash,
 			Difficulty: big.NewInt(0),
 			BaseFee:    big.NewInt(0),
 		}
@@ -50,47 +53,56 @@ func testCommitBatchAndFinalizeBatch(t *testing.T) {
 			Transactions:     nil,
 			WithdrawTrieRoot: common.Hash{},
 		})
+		parentHash = header.Hash()
+	}
+	assert.NoError(t, blockTraceOrm.InsertWrappedBlocks(wrappedBlocks))
+
+	parentBatch := &bridgeTypes.BatchInfo{
+		Index: 0,
+		Hash:  "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
 	}

-	l2BlockOrm := orm.NewL2Block(db)
-	err = l2BlockOrm.InsertL2Blocks(context.Background(), wrappedBlocks)
+	tmpWrapBlocks := []*bridgeTypes.WrappedBlock{
+		wrappedBlocks[0],
+		wrappedBlocks[1],
+	}
+	batchData := bridgeTypes.NewBatchData(parentBatch, tmpWrapBlocks, l2Cfg.BatchProposerConfig.PublicInputConfig)
+
+	batchHash := batchData.Hash().String()
+
+	blockBatchOrm := orm.NewBlockBatch(db)
+	err = db.Transaction(func(tx *gorm.DB) error {
+		rowsAffected, dbTxErr := blockBatchOrm.InsertBlockBatchByBatchData(tx, batchData)
+		if dbTxErr != nil {
+			return dbTxErr
+		}
+		if rowsAffected != 1 {
+			dbTxErr = errors.New("the InsertBlockBatchByBatchData affected row is not 1")
+			return dbTxErr
+		}
+		var blockIDs = make([]uint64, len(batchData.Batch.Blocks))
+		for i, block := range batchData.Batch.Blocks {
+			blockIDs[i] = block.BlockNumber
+		}
+		dbTxErr = blockTraceOrm.UpdateBatchHashForL2Blocks(tx, blockIDs, batchHash)
+		if dbTxErr != nil {
+			return dbTxErr
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
 	assert.NoError(t, err)

-	cp := watcher.NewChunkProposer(context.Background(), &config.ChunkProposerConfig{
-		MaxTxGasPerChunk:                1000000000,
-		MaxL2TxNumPerChunk:              10000,
-		MaxL1CommitGasPerChunk:          50000000000,
-		MaxL1CommitCalldataSizePerChunk: 1000000,
-		MinL1CommitCalldataSizePerChunk: 0,
-		ChunkTimeoutSec:                 300,
-	}, db)
-	cp.TryProposeChunk()
+	// process pending batch and check status
+	assert.NoError(t, l2Relayer.SendCommitTx([]*bridgeTypes.BatchData{batchData}))

-	chunkOrm := orm.NewChunk(db)
-	chunks, err := chunkOrm.GetUnbatchedChunks(context.Background())
+	blockBatches, err := blockBatchOrm.GetBlockBatches(map[string]interface{}{"hash": batchHash}, nil, 1)
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Len(t, chunks, 1)
+	assert.Equal(t, 1, len(blockBatches))
+	assert.NotEmpty(t, true, blockBatches[0].CommitTxHash)
+	assert.NotEmpty(t, true, blockBatches[0].RollupStatus)
+	assert.Equal(t, types.RollupStatus(blockBatches[0].RollupStatus), types.RollupCommitting)

-	bp := watcher.NewBatchProposer(context.Background(), &config.BatchProposerConfig{
-		MaxChunkNumPerBatch:             10,
-		MaxL1CommitGasPerBatch:          50000000000,
-		MaxL1CommitCalldataSizePerBatch: 1000000,
-		MinChunkNumPerBatch:             1,
-		BatchTimeoutSec:                 300,
-	}, db)
-	bp.TryProposeBatch()
-
-	l2Relayer.ProcessPendingBatches()
-
-	batchOrm := orm.NewBatch(db)
-	batch, err := batchOrm.GetLatestBatch(context.Background())
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	batchHash := batch.Hash
-	assert.NotEmpty(t, batch.CommitTxHash)
-	assert.Equal(t, types.RollupCommitting, types.RollupStatus(batch.RollupStatus))
-
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	commitTx, _, err := l1Client.TransactionByHash(context.Background(), common.HexToHash(batch.CommitTxHash))
+	commitTx, _, err := l1Client.TransactionByHash(context.Background(), common.HexToHash(blockBatches[0].CommitTxHash))
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	commitTxReceipt, err := bind.WaitMined(context.Background(), l1Client, commitTx)
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
@@ -99,34 +111,33 @@ func testCommitBatchAndFinalizeBatch(t *testing.T) {
 	// fetch rollup events
 	err = l1Watcher.FetchContractEvent()
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	statuses, err := batchOrm.GetRollupStatusByHashList(context.Background(), []string{batchHash})
+	statuses, err := blockBatchOrm.GetRollupStatusByHashList([]string{batchHash})
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.Equal(t, 1, len(statuses))
 	assert.Equal(t, types.RollupCommitted, statuses[0])

 	// add dummy proof
-	proof := &message.AggProof{
-		Proof:     []byte{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31},
-		FinalPair: []byte{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31},
-	}
-	err = batchOrm.UpdateProofByHash(context.Background(), batchHash, proof, 100)
+	tProof := []byte{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31}
+	tInstanceCommitments := []byte{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31}
+	err = blockBatchOrm.UpdateProofByHash(context.Background(), batchHash, tProof, tInstanceCommitments, 100)
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	err = batchOrm.UpdateProvingStatus(context.Background(), batchHash, types.ProvingTaskVerified)
+	err = blockBatchOrm.UpdateProvingStatus(batchHash, types.ProvingTaskVerified)
 	assert.NoError(t, err)

 	// process committed batch and check status
 	l2Relayer.ProcessCommittedBatches()

-	statuses, err = batchOrm.GetRollupStatusByHashList(context.Background(), []string{batchHash})
+	statuses, err = blockBatchOrm.GetRollupStatusByHashList([]string{batchHash})
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.Equal(t, 1, len(statuses))
 	assert.Equal(t, types.RollupFinalizing, statuses[0])

-	batch, err = batchOrm.GetLatestBatch(context.Background())
+	blockBatches, err = blockBatchOrm.GetBlockBatches(map[string]interface{}{"hash": batchHash}, nil, 1)
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.NotEmpty(t, batch.FinalizeTxHash)
+	assert.Equal(t, 1, len(blockBatches))
+	assert.NotEmpty(t, blockBatches[0].FinalizeTxHash)

-	finalizeTx, _, err := l1Client.TransactionByHash(context.Background(), common.HexToHash(batch.FinalizeTxHash))
+	finalizeTx, _, err := l1Client.TransactionByHash(context.Background(), common.HexToHash(blockBatches[0].FinalizeTxHash))
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	finalizeTxReceipt, err := bind.WaitMined(context.Background(), l1Client, finalizeTx)
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
@@ -135,7 +146,7 @@ func testCommitBatchAndFinalizeBatch(t *testing.T) {
 	// fetch rollup events
 	err = l1Watcher.FetchContractEvent()
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	statuses, err = batchOrm.GetRollupStatusByHashList(context.Background(), []string{batchHash})
+	statuses, err = blockBatchOrm.GetRollupStatusByHashList([]string{batchHash})
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.Equal(t, 1, len(statuses))
 	assert.Equal(t, types.RollupFinalized, statuses[0])
--- a/build/dockerfiles/intermediate/Makefile
+++ b/build/dockerfiles/intermediate/Makefile
@@ -1,46 +1,45 @@
-ifeq ($(GO_VERSION),)
-  GO_VERSION=1.19
-endif
-ifeq ($(RUST_VERSION),)
-  RUST_VERSION=nightly-2022-12-10
-endif
-ifeq ($(PYTHON_VERSION),)
-  PYTHON_VERSION=3.10
-endif
-ifeq ($(CUDA_VERSION),)
-  CUDA_VERSION=11.7.1
-endif
+GO_VERSION := 1.18
+PYTHON_VERSION := 3.10
+RUST_VERSION := nightly-2022-12-10

-.PHONY: all go-alpine-builder rust-builder rust-alpine-builder go-rust-alpine-builder go-rust-builder cuda-go-rust-builder py-runner
-
-cuda-go-rust-builder:
-	docker build -t scrolltech/cuda-go-rust-builder:cuda-$(CUDA_VERSION)-go-$(GO_VERSION)-rust-$(RUST_VERSION) -f cuda-go-rust-builder.Dockerfile ./ --build-arg CUDA_VERSION=$(CUDA_VERSION) --build-arg GO_VERSION=$(GO_VERSION) --build-arg RUST_VERSION=$(RUST_VERSION)
+.PHONY: all go-alpine-builder rust-builder rust-alpine-builder go-rust-alpine-builder go-rust-builder py-runner

 go-rust-builder:
-	docker build -t scrolltech/go-rust-builder:go-$(GO_VERSION)-rust-$(RUST_VERSION) -f go-rust-builder.Dockerfile ./ --build-arg GO_VERSION=$(GO_VERSION) --build-arg RUST_VERSION=$(RUST_VERSION)
+	docker build -t scrolltech/go-rust-builder:latest -f go-rust-builder.Dockerfile ./
+	docker image tag scrolltech/go-rust-builder:latest scrolltech/go-rust-builder:go-$(GO_VERSION)-rust-$(RUST_VERSION)

 go-alpine-builder:
-	docker build -t scrolltech/go-alpine-builder:$(GO_VERSION) -f go-alpine-builder.Dockerfile ./ --build-arg GO_VERSION=$(GO_VERSION)
+	docker build -t scrolltech/go-alpine-builder:latest -f go-alpine-builder.Dockerfile ./
+	docker image tag scrolltech/go-alpine-builder:latest scrolltech/go-alpine-builder:$(GO_VERSION)

 rust-builder:
-	docker build -t scrolltech/rust-builder:$(RUST_VERSION) -f rust-builder.Dockerfile ./ --build-arg RUST_VERSION=$(RUST_VERSION)
+	docker build -t scrolltech/rust-builder:latest -f rust-builder.Dockerfile ./
+	docker image tag scrolltech/rust-builder:latest scrolltech/rust-builder:$(RUST_VERSION)

 rust-alpine-builder:
-	docker build -t scrolltech/rust-alpine-builder:$(RUST_VERSION) -f rust-alpine-builder.Dockerfile ./ --build-arg RUST_VERSION=$(RUST_VERSION)
+	docker build -t scrolltech/rust-alpine-builder:latest -f rust-alpine-builder.Dockerfile ./
+	docker image tag scrolltech/rust-alpine-builder:latest scrolltech/rust-alpine-builder:$(RUST_VERSION)

 go-rust-alpine-builder:
-	docker build -t scrolltech/go-rust-alpine-builder:go-$(GO_VERSION)-rust-$(RUST_VERSION) -f go-rust-alpine-builder.Dockerfile ./ --build-arg GO_VERSION=$(GO_VERSION) --build-arg RUST_VERSION=$(RUST_VERSION)
+	docker build -t scrolltech/go-rust-alpine-builder:latest -f go-rust-alpine-builder.Dockerfile ./
+	docker image tag scrolltech/go-rust-alpine-builder:latest scrolltech/go-rust-alpine-builder:go-$(GO_VERSION)-rust-$(RUST_VERSION)

 py-runner:
-	docker build -t scrolltech/py-runner:$(PYTHON_VERSION) -f py-runner.Dockerfile ./ --build-arg PYTHON_VERSION=$(PYTHON_VERSION)
+	docker build -t scrolltech/py-runner:latest -f py-runner.Dockerfile ./
+	docker image tag scrolltech/py-runner:latest scrolltech/py-runner:$(PYTHON_VERSION)

-all: go-alpine-builder rust-builder rust-alpine-builder go-rust-alpine-builder go-rust-builder cuda-go-rust-builder py-runner
+all: go-alpine-builder rust-builder rust-alpine-builder go-rust-alpine-builder go-rust-builder py-runner

 publish:
+	docker push scrolltech/go-alpine-builder:latest
 	docker push scrolltech/go-alpine-builder:$(GO_VERSION)
+	docker push scrolltech/rust-builder:latest
 	docker push scrolltech/rust-builder:$(RUST_VERSION)
+	docker push scrolltech/rust-alpine-builder:latest
 	docker push scrolltech/rust-alpine-builder:$(RUST_VERSION)
+	docker push scrolltech/go-rust-alpine-builder:latest
 	docker push scrolltech/go-rust-alpine-builder:go-$(GO_VERSION)-rust-$(RUST_VERSION)
+	docker push scrolltech/go-rust-builder:latest
 	docker push scrolltech/go-rust-builder:go-$(GO_VERSION)-rust-$(RUST_VERSION)
-	docker push scrolltech/cuda-go-rust-builder:cuda-$(CUDA_VERSION)-go-$(GO_VERSION)-rust-$(RUST_VERSION)
+	docker push scrolltech/py-runner:latest
 	docker push scrolltech/py-runner:$(PYTHON_VERSION)
--- a/build/dockerfiles/intermediate/cuda-go-rust-builder.Dockerfile
+++ b/build/dockerfiles/intermediate/cuda-go-rust-builder.Dockerfile
@@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
-ARG CUDA_VERSION=11.7.1
-ARG GO_VERSION=1.19
-ARG RUST_VERSION=nightly-2022-12-10
-ARG CARGO_CHEF_TAG=0.1.41
-
-FROM nvidia/cuda:${CUDA_VERSION}-devel-ubuntu22.04
-RUN apt-get update
-# Install basic packages
-RUN apt-get install build-essential curl wget git pkg-config --no-install-recommends -y
-# Install dev-packages
-RUN apt-get install libclang-dev libssl-dev cmake llvm --no-install-recommends -y
-# Install related libs
-RUN apt install libprocps-dev libboost-all-dev libmpfr-dev libgmp-dev --no-install-recommends -y
-# Clean installed cache
-RUN rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
-
-# Install Rust
-RUN curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh -s -- -y
-ENV PATH="/root/.cargo/bin:${PATH}"
-ENV CARGO_HOME=/root/.cargo
-
-# Add Toolchain
-ARG RUST_VERSION
-RUN rustup toolchain install ${RUST_VERSION}
-ARG CARGO_CHEF_TAG
-RUN cargo install cargo-chef --locked --version ${CARGO_CHEF_TAG} \
-    && rm -rf $CARGO_HOME/registry/
-
-# Install Go
-ARG GO_VERSION
-RUN rm -rf /usr/local/go
-RUN wget https://go.dev/dl/go${GO_VERSION}.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
-RUN tar -C /usr/local -xzf go${GO_VERSION}.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
-RUN rm go${GO_VERSION}.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
-ENV PATH="/usr/local/go/bin:${PATH}"
--- a/build/dockerfiles/intermediate/go-alpine-builder.Dockerfile
+++ b/build/dockerfiles/intermediate/go-alpine-builder.Dockerfile
@@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
-ARG GO_VERSION=1.19
-
-FROM golang:${GO_VERSION}-alpine
+FROM golang:1.18-alpine

 # ENV GOPROXY https://goproxy.cn,direct

--- a/build/dockerfiles/intermediate/go-rust-alpine-builder.Dockerfile
+++ b/build/dockerfiles/intermediate/go-rust-alpine-builder.Dockerfile
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
-ARG GO_VERSION=1.19
-ARG RUST_VERSION=nightly-2022-12-10
+FROM golang:1.18-alpine
 ARG CARGO_CHEF_TAG=0.1.41
-
-FROM golang:${GO_VERSION}-alpine
+ARG DEFAULT_RUST_TOOLCHAIN=nightly-2022-12-10

 RUN apk add --no-cache gcc musl-dev linux-headers git ca-certificates openssl-dev

@@ -26,14 +24,12 @@ RUN set -eux; \
    wget "$url"; \
    chmod +x rustup-init;

-ARG RUST_VERSION
-RUN ./rustup-init -y --no-modify-path --default-toolchain ${RUST_VERSION}; \
+RUN ./rustup-init -y --no-modify-path --default-toolchain ${DEFAULT_RUST_TOOLCHAIN}; \
    rm rustup-init; \
    chmod -R a+w $RUSTUP_HOME $CARGO_HOME; \
    rustup --version; \
    cargo --version; \
    rustc --version;

-ARG CARGO_CHEF_TAG
 RUN cargo install cargo-chef --locked --version ${CARGO_CHEF_TAG} \
    && rm -rf $CARGO_HOME/registry/
--- a/build/dockerfiles/intermediate/go-rust-builder.Dockerfile
+++ b/build/dockerfiles/intermediate/go-rust-builder.Dockerfile
@@ -1,13 +1,10 @@
-ARG GO_VERSION=1.19
-ARG RUST_VERSION=nightly-2022-12-10
-ARG CARGO_CHEF_TAG=0.1.41
-
 FROM ubuntu:20.04

 RUN apt-get update && ln -fs /usr/share/zoneinfo/America/New_York /etc/localtime

 # Install basic packages
 RUN apt-get install build-essential curl wget git pkg-config -y
+
 # Install dev-packages
 RUN apt-get install libclang-dev libssl-dev llvm -y

@@ -15,17 +12,23 @@ RUN apt-get install libclang-dev libssl-dev llvm -y
 RUN curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh -s -- -y
 ENV PATH="/root/.cargo/bin:${PATH}"
 ENV CARGO_HOME=/root/.cargo
+
 # Add Toolchain
-ARG RUST_VERSION
-RUN rustup toolchain install ${RUST_VERSION}
-ARG CARGO_CHEF_TAG
+RUN rustup toolchain install nightly-2022-12-10
+
+# TODO: make this ARG
+ENV CARGO_CHEF_TAG=0.1.41
+
 RUN cargo install cargo-chef --locked --version ${CARGO_CHEF_TAG} \
    && rm -rf $CARGO_HOME/registry/

 # Install Go
-ARG GO_VERSION
 RUN rm -rf /usr/local/go
-RUN wget https://go.dev/dl/go${GO_VERSION}.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
-RUN tar -C /usr/local -xzf go${GO_VERSION}.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
-RUN rm go${GO_VERSION}.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
+# for 1.17
+# RUN wget https://go.dev/dl/go1.17.13.linux-amd64.tar.gz
+# RUN tar -C /usr/local -xzf go1.17.13.linux-amd64.tar.gz
+# for 1.18
+RUN wget https://go.dev/dl/go1.18.9.linux-amd64.tar.gz
+RUN tar -C /usr/local -xzf go1.18.9.linux-amd64.tar.gz
+
 ENV PATH="/usr/local/go/bin:${PATH}"
--- a/build/dockerfiles/intermediate/py-runner.Dockerfile
+++ b/build/dockerfiles/intermediate/py-runner.Dockerfile
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-ARG PYTHON_VERSION=3.10
-FROM python:${PYTHON_VERSION}-alpine
+FROM python:3.10-alpine3.15

 RUN apk add --no-cache gcc g++ make musl-dev
--- a/build/dockerfiles/intermediate/rust-alpine-builder.Dockerfile
+++ b/build/dockerfiles/intermediate/rust-alpine-builder.Dockerfile
@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 ARG ALPINE_VERSION=3.15
-ARG RUST_VERSION=nightly-2022-12-10
-ARG CARGO_CHEF_TAG=0.1.41
-
 FROM alpine:${ALPINE_VERSION}
+ARG CARGO_CHEF_TAG=0.1.41
+ARG DEFAULT_RUST_TOOLCHAIN=nightly-2022-12-10

 RUN apk add --no-cache \
        ca-certificates \
@@ -28,14 +27,12 @@ RUN set -eux; \
    wget "$url"; \
    chmod +x rustup-init;

-ARG RUST_VERSION
-RUN ./rustup-init -y --no-modify-path --default-toolchain ${RUST_VERSION}; \
+RUN ./rustup-init -y --no-modify-path --default-toolchain ${DEFAULT_RUST_TOOLCHAIN}; \
    rm rustup-init; \
    chmod -R a+w $RUSTUP_HOME $CARGO_HOME; \
    rustup --version; \
    cargo --version; \
    rustc --version;

-ARG CARGO_CHEF_TAG
 RUN cargo install cargo-chef --locked --version ${CARGO_CHEF_TAG} \
    && rm -rf $CARGO_HOME/registry/
--- a/build/dockerfiles/intermediate/rust-builder.Dockerfile
+++ b/build/dockerfiles/intermediate/rust-builder.Dockerfile
@@ -1,6 +1,3 @@
-ARG RUST_VERSION=nightly-2022-12-10
-ARG CARGO_CHEF_TAG=0.1.41
-
 FROM ubuntu:20.04

 RUN apt-get update && ln -fs /usr/share/zoneinfo/America/New_York /etc/localtime
@@ -14,10 +11,6 @@ RUN apt-get install libclang-dev libssl-dev llvm -y
 # Install Rust
 RUN curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh -s -- -y
 ENV PATH="/root/.cargo/bin:${PATH}"
-ENV CARGO_HOME=/root/.cargo
+
 # Add Toolchain
-ARG RUST_VERSION
-RUN rustup toolchain install ${RUST_VERSION}
-ARG CARGO_CHEF_TAG
-RUN cargo install cargo-chef --locked --version ${CARGO_CHEF_TAG} \
-    && rm -rf $CARGO_HOME/registry/
+RUN rustup toolchain install nightly-2022-12-10
--- a/build/lint.go
+++ b/build/lint.go
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ import (

 const (
 	// GolangCIVersion to be used for linting.
-	GolangCIVersion = "github.com/golangci/golangci-lint/cmd/golangci-lint@v1.52.2"
+	GolangCIVersion = "github.com/golangci/golangci-lint/cmd/golangci-lint@v1.50.0"
 )

 // GOBIN environment variable.
--- a/build/post-test-report-coverage.sh
+++ b/build/post-test-report-coverage.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+set -uex
+${GOROOT}/bin/bin/gocover-cobertura < coverage.bridge.txt > coverage.bridge.xml
+${GOROOT}/bin/bin/gocover-cobertura < coverage.db.txt > coverage.db.xml
+${GOROOT}/bin/bin/gocover-cobertura < coverage.common.txt > coverage.common.xml
+${GOROOT}/bin/bin/gocover-cobertura < coverage.coordinator.txt > coverage.coordinator.xml
+#${GOROOT}/bin/bin/gocover-cobertura < coverage.integration.txt > coverage.integration.xml
+
+npx cobertura-merge -o cobertura.xml \
+    package1=coverage.bridge.xml \
+    package2=coverage.db.xml \
+    package3=coverage.common.xml \
+    package4=coverage.coordinator.xml
+    # package5=coverage.integration.xml
--- a/build/push-docker-tag.Jenkinsfile
+++ b/build/push-docker-tag.Jenkinsfile
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+imagePrefix = 'scrolltech'
+credentialDocker = 'dockerhub'
+TAGNAME = ''
+pipeline {
+    agent any
+    options {
+        timeout (20)
+    }
+    tools {
+        go 'go-1.18'
+        nodejs "nodejs"
+    }
+    environment {
+        GO111MODULE = 'on'
+        PATH="/home/ubuntu/.cargo/bin:$PATH"
+        // LOG_DOCKER = 'true'
+    }
+    stages {
+        stage('Tag') {
+            steps {
+                script {
+                    TAGNAME = sh(returnStdout: true, script: 'git tag -l --points-at HEAD')
+                    sh "echo ${TAGNAME}"
+                    // ... 
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        stage('Build') {
+            environment {
+                // Extract the username and password of our credentials into "DOCKER_CREDENTIALS_USR" and "DOCKER_CREDENTIALS_PSW".
+                // (NOTE 1: DOCKER_CREDENTIALS will be set to "your_username:your_password".)
+                // The new variables will always be YOUR_VARIABLE_NAME + _USR and _PSW.
+                // (NOTE 2: You can't print credentials in the pipeline for security reasons.)
+                DOCKER_CREDENTIALS = credentials('dockerhub')
+            }
+           steps {
+               withCredentials([usernamePassword(credentialsId: "${credentialDocker}", passwordVariable: 'dockerPassword', usernameVariable: 'dockerUser')]) {
+                    // Use a scripted pipeline.
+                    script {
+                            stage('Push image') {
+                                if (TAGNAME == ""){
+                                    return;
+                                }
+                                sh "docker login --username=$dockerUser --password=$dockerPassword"
+                                catchError(buildResult: 'SUCCESS', stageResult: 'SUCCESS') {
+                                    script {
+                                        try {
+                                            sh "docker manifest inspect scrolltech/bridge:$TAGNAME > /dev/null"
+                                        } catch (e) {
+                                            // only build if the tag non existed
+                                            //sh "docker login --username=${dockerUser} --password=${dockerPassword}"
+                                            sh "make -C bridge docker"
+                                            sh "docker tag scrolltech/bridge:latest scrolltech/bridge:${TAGNAME}"
+                                            sh "docker push scrolltech/bridge:${TAGNAME}"
+                                            throw e
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                catchError(buildResult: 'SUCCESS', stageResult: 'SUCCESS') {
+                                    script {
+                                        try {
+                                            sh "docker manifest inspect scrolltech/coordinator:$TAGNAME > /dev/null"
+                                        } catch (e) {
+                                            // only build if the tag non existed
+                                            //sh "docker login --username=${dockerUser} --password=${dockerPassword}"
+                                            sh "make -C coordinator docker"
+                                            sh "docker tag scrolltech/coordinator:latest scrolltech/coordinator:${TAGNAME}"
+                                            sh "docker push scrolltech/coordinator:${TAGNAME}"
+                                            throw e
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            }                              
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    post {
+        always {
+            cleanWs() 
+            slackSend(message: "${JOB_BASE_NAME} ${GIT_COMMIT} #${TAGNAME} Tag build ${currentBuild.result}")
+        }
+    }
+}
--- a/codecov.yml
+++ b/codecov.yml
@@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
-coverage:
-  status:
-    project: off
-    patch: off
-flag_management:
-  default_rules:
-    carryforward: true
-  individual_flags:
-    - name: bridge
-      statuses:
-        - type: project
-          target: auto
-          threshold: 1%
-    - name: bridge-history-api
-      statuses:
-        - type: project
-          target: auto
-          threshold: 1%
-    - name: common
-      statuses:
-        - type: project
-          target: auto
-          threshold: 1%
-    - name: coordinator
-      statuses:
-        - type: project
-          target: auto
-          threshold: 1%
-    - name: database
-      statuses:
-        - type: project
-          target: auto
-          threshold: 1%
-    - name: roller
-      statuses:
-        - type: project
-          target: auto
-          threshold: 1%
--- a/common/docker/l2geth/Dockerfile
+++ b/common/docker/l2geth/Dockerfile
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-FROM scrolltech/l2geth:scroll-v4.1.0
+FROM scrolltech/l2geth:scroll-v3.1.12

 RUN mkdir -p /l2geth/keystore

--- a/common/go.mod
+++ b/common/go.mod
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 module scroll-tech/common

-go 1.19
+go 1.18

 require (
 	github.com/docker/docker v20.10.21+incompatible
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.18
 	github.com/modern-go/reflect2 v1.0.2
 	github.com/orcaman/concurrent-map v1.0.0
-	github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum v1.10.14-0.20230613025759-f055f50f9d56
+	github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum v1.10.14-0.20230508165858-27a3830afa61
 	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.8.2
 	github.com/urfave/cli/v2 v2.17.2-0.20221006022127-8f469abc00aa
 )
@@ -85,12 +85,12 @@ require (
 	github.com/tyler-smith/go-bip39 v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/xrash/smetrics v0.0.0-20201216005158-039620a65673 // indirect
 	github.com/yusufpapurcu/wmi v1.2.2 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/crypto v0.10.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.9.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/mod v0.10.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/net v0.10.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/sync v0.1.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.9.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/text v0.10.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.8.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/text v0.9.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/time v0.3.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/tools v0.8.0 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20201130134442-10cb98267c6c // indirect
--- a/common/go.sum
+++ b/common/go.sum
@@ -361,8 +361,8 @@ github.com/rs/cors v1.7.0 h1:+88SsELBHx5r+hZ8TCkggzSstaWNbDvThkVK8H6f9ik=
 github.com/rs/cors v1.7.0/go.mod h1:gFx+x8UowdsKA9AchylcLynDq+nNFfI8FkUZdN/jGCU=
 github.com/russross/blackfriday/v2 v2.1.0 h1:JIOH55/0cWyOuilr9/qlrm0BSXldqnqwMsf35Ld67mk=
 github.com/russross/blackfriday/v2 v2.1.0/go.mod h1:+Rmxgy9KzJVeS9/2gXHxylqXiyQDYRxCVz55jmeOWTM=
-github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum v1.10.14-0.20230613025759-f055f50f9d56 h1:Cqj7haxwvzI2O4n9ZZ25helShzFGCy7Z/B+FFSBFHNI=
-github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum v1.10.14-0.20230613025759-f055f50f9d56/go.mod h1:45PZqlQCqV0dU4o4+SE8LoJLEvXkK5j45ligvbih9QY=
+github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum v1.10.14-0.20230508165858-27a3830afa61 h1:4fslVpNOPLeJPYX3tivrVWgqNvChPs7/y9OqWvQSNCw=
+github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum v1.10.14-0.20230508165858-27a3830afa61/go.mod h1:45PZqlQCqV0dU4o4+SE8LoJLEvXkK5j45ligvbih9QY=
 github.com/scroll-tech/zktrie v0.5.3 h1:jjzQchGU6XPL5s1C5bwwivSadefSRuYASE9OL7UKAdE=
 github.com/scroll-tech/zktrie v0.5.3/go.mod h1:XvNo7vAk8yxNyTjBDj5WIiFzYW4bx/gJ78+NK6Zn6Uk=
 github.com/segmentio/kafka-go v0.1.0/go.mod h1:X6itGqS9L4jDletMsxZ7Dz+JFWxM6JHfPOCvTvk+EJo=
@@ -432,8 +432,8 @@ golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20191011191535-87dc89f01550/go.mod h1:yigFU9vqHzYiE8U
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20200622213623-75b288015ac9/go.mod h1:LzIPMQfyMNhhGPhUkYOs5KpL4U8rLKemX1yGLhDgUto=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20200820211705-5c72a883971a/go.mod h1:LzIPMQfyMNhhGPhUkYOs5KpL4U8rLKemX1yGLhDgUto=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20201221181555-eec23a3978ad/go.mod h1:jdWPYTVW3xRLrWPugEBEK3UY2ZEsg3UU495nc5E+M+I=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.10.0 h1:LKqV2xt9+kDzSTfOhx4FrkEBcMrAgHSYgzywV9zcGmM=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.10.0/go.mod h1:o4eNf7Ede1fv+hwOwZsTHl9EsPFO6q6ZvYR8vYfY45I=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.9.0 h1:LF6fAI+IutBocDJ2OT0Q1g8plpYljMZ4+lty+dsqw3g=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.9.0/go.mod h1:yrmDGqONDYtNj3tH8X9dzUun2m2lzPa9ngI6/RUPGR0=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20180321215751-8460e604b9de/go.mod h1:CJ0aWSM057203Lf6IL+f9T1iT9GByDxfZKAQTCR3kQA=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20180807140117-3d87b88a115f/go.mod h1:CJ0aWSM057203Lf6IL+f9T1iT9GByDxfZKAQTCR3kQA=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20190121172915-509febef88a4/go.mod h1:CJ0aWSM057203Lf6IL+f9T1iT9GByDxfZKAQTCR3kQA=
@@ -543,8 +543,8 @@ golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220811171246-fbc7d0a398ab/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBc
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220908164124-27713097b956/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.2.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.6.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.9.0 h1:KS/R3tvhPqvJvwcKfnBHJwwthS11LRhmM5D59eEXa0s=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.9.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.8.0 h1:EBmGv8NaZBZTWvrbjNoL6HVt+IVy3QDQpJs7VRIw3tU=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.8.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/term v0.0.0-20201117132131-f5c789dd3221/go.mod h1:Nr5EML6q2oocZ2LXRh80K7BxOlk5/8JxuGnuhpl+muw=
 golang.org/x/term v0.0.0-20201126162022-7de9c90e9dd1/go.mod h1:bj7SfCRtBDWHUb9snDiAeCFNEtKQo2Wmx5Cou7ajbmo=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.0/go.mod h1:NqM8EUOU14njkJ3fqMW+pc6Ldnwhi/IjpwHt7yyuwOQ=
@@ -552,8 +552,8 @@ golang.org/x/text v0.3.1-0.20180807135948-17ff2d5776d2/go.mod h1:NqM8EUOU14njkJ3
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.2/go.mod h1:bEr9sfX3Q8Zfm5fL9x+3itogRgK3+ptLWKqgva+5dAk=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.3/go.mod h1:5Zoc/QRtKVWzQhOtBMvqHzDpF6irO9z98xDceosuGiQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.5/go.mod h1:5Zoc/QRtKVWzQhOtBMvqHzDpF6irO9z98xDceosuGiQ=
-golang.org/x/text v0.10.0 h1:UpjohKhiEgNc0CSauXmwYftY1+LlaC75SJwh0SgCX58=
-golang.org/x/text v0.10.0/go.mod h1:TvPlkZtksWOMsz7fbANvkp4WM8x/WCo/om8BMLbz+aE=
+golang.org/x/text v0.9.0 h1:2sjJmO8cDvYveuX97RDLsxlyUxLl+GHoLxBiRdHllBE=
+golang.org/x/text v0.9.0/go.mod h1:e1OnstbJyHTd6l/uOt8jFFHp6TRDWZR/bV3emEE/zU8=
 golang.org/x/time v0.0.0-20181108054448-85acf8d2951c/go.mod h1:tRJNPiyCQ0inRvYxbN9jk5I+vvW/OXSQhTDSoE431IQ=
 golang.org/x/time v0.0.0-20190308202827-9d24e82272b4/go.mod h1:tRJNPiyCQ0inRvYxbN9jk5I+vvW/OXSQhTDSoE431IQ=
 golang.org/x/time v0.0.0-20201208040808-7e3f01d25324/go.mod h1:tRJNPiyCQ0inRvYxbN9jk5I+vvW/OXSQhTDSoE431IQ=
--- a/common/testdata/blockTrace_03.json
+++ b/common/testdata/blockTrace_03.json
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
        {
            "type": 2,
            "nonce": 2,
-            "txHash": "0x6b50040f5f14bad253f202b0775d6742131bcaee6b992f05578386f00e53b7e4",
+            "txHash": "0xaaaeb971adfac989c7db5426737bc2932756091a5730ea6d5324f93e4cff9713",
            "gas": 1152994,
            "gasPrice": "0x3b9b0a17",
            "from": "0x1c5a77d9fa7ef466951b2f01f724bca3a5820b63",
--- a/common/testdata/blockTrace_04.json
+++ b/common/testdata/blockTrace_04.json
@@ -1,868 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "coinbase": {
-    "address": "0x5300000000000000000000000000000000000005",
-    "nonce": 0,
-    "balance": "0x2aa86921dcd2c0",
-    "keccakCodeHash": "0x256e306f068f0847c8aab5819879b2ff45c021ce2e2f428be51be663415b1d60",
-    "poseidonCodeHash": "0x2c49d7de76e39008575f2f090bb3e90912bad475ea8102c8565c249a75575df5",
-    "codeSize": 1652
-  },
-  "header": {
-    "parentHash": "0xe761181afb179bc4e6848ecc4e32af82c0eeff4aca77024f985d1dffb0ba0013",
-    "sha3Uncles": "0x1dcc4de8dec75d7aab85b567b6ccd41ad312451b948a7413f0a142fd40d49347",
-    "miner": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
-    "stateRoot": "0x155c42b3ffa9b88987b02bc8f89fb31f2b555bb8bff971d6fcd92e04a144c248",
-    "transactionsRoot": "0x891f5907147c83867e1e7b200b9d26fb43c3c08f81202d04235c84a2aa79f72f",
-    "receiptsRoot": "0x7ad169feb178baf74f7c0a12a28570bd69bd10e616acad2caea09a55fd1fb541",
-    "logsBloom": "0x00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
-    "difficulty": "0x2",
-    "number": "0xd",
-    "gasLimit": "0x7a1200",
-    "gasUsed": "0x5dc0",
-    "timestamp": "0x646b6e13",
-    "extraData": "0xd983030201846765746889676f312e31382e3130856c696e7578000000000000f942387d5a3dba7786280b806f022e2afaec53939149ac7b132b4ef1cf5cdf393d688543d984ae15b1896185ea13f9e7ae18b22b65e5ffec9128195d7cde6fa700",
-    "mixHash": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
-    "nonce": "0x0000000000000000",
-    "baseFeePerGas": null,
-    "hash": "0x09f75bc27efe18cd77a82491370442ea5a6066e910b73dc99fe1caff950c357b"
-  },
-  "transactions": [
-    {
-      "type": 126,
-      "nonce": 10,
-      "txHash": "0xed6dff31c5516b3b9d169781865276cf27501aadd45c131bf8c841c5e619e56a",
-      "gas": 24000,
-      "gasPrice": "0x0",
-      "from": "0x478cdd110520a8e733e2acf9e543d2c687ea5239",
-      "to": "0x1a258d17bf244c4df02d40343a7626a9d321e105",
-      "chainId": "0x0",
-      "value": "0x0",
-      "data": "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",
-      "isCreate": false,
-      "v": "0x0",
-      "r": "0x0",
-      "s": "0x0"
-    },
-    {
-      "type": 0,
-      "nonce": 11,
-      "txHash": "0xed6dff31c5516b3b9d169781865276cf27501aadd45c131bf8c841c5e619e56a",
-      "gas": 24000,
-      "gasPrice": "0x0",
-      "from": "0x478cdd110520a8e733e2acf9e543d2c687ea5239",
-      "to": "0x1a258d17bf244c4df02d40343a7626a9d321e105",
-      "chainId": "0x0",
-      "value": "0x0",
-      "data": "0x",
-      "isCreate": false,
-      "v": "0x0",
-      "r": "0x0",
-      "s": "0x0"
-    }
-  ],
-  "storageTrace": {
-    "rootBefore": "0x16d403e1c55dee3e020457262414ee7a20596922c08cac631385d8ea6d6c2c2b",
-    "rootAfter": "0x155c42b3ffa9b88987b02bc8f89fb31f2b555bb8bff971d6fcd92e04a144c248",
-    "proofs": {
-      "0x1a258d17bF244C4dF02d40343a7626A9D321e105": [
-        "0x000f2d6436a450dc3daf4f111527f3e187a9641e7c5cbc4f53a386e6e4114bb8202cc33de5af63f5deca2409302103a4523463a3a16529835d526795e8966079db",
-        "0x0029ce00b3e5ddca3bd22d3a923b95239ed11243363803b8e1f5a89fb37ee3c6e52c0d8469864d5ee8e0d62944e8dc1de68f78b094d3ef7cf72a21b372866bab0a",
-        "0x001dcee8089ea21f679f1af199cc93ccb35fdea1257b9ffeac0ae5c89654a0dbce20790d9030fd3f822620f7395f1af3ca53789e7451f811c2364f2b4fa19be9fd",
-        "0x000d62fbf3a623b87d67d8f97132a8f1759360c03c1b78ea3654238eb6c72fd5dd0742c02437cc0294c49133a28968ba1f913963d9c2892254da675958cd4a4b2e",
-        "0x0026875849a967c3af8bbd7ac6efb4ef8250efaee44c8bd85ac026d541c7f509ac18ae138a98367696a39f7abe0a53fd3b32283fa843bdc4a2485d65b3b9651670",
-        "0x0125375fd5ae821cd3e835e2fba4ae79971635b7288d549ba8ba66bea36603686c05080000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000867000000000000000130644e72e131a029b85045b68181585d2833e84879b9705b0e1847ce1160000030221b0e9cf191ce544dcc5c8927fd08af82cb88be110d9533468ffd2d575aed31f2125c021fb94759cb1993a2f07eae01792311e13f209441ff8969cf1eb8351cafbbe8f01ed4c292d9a27be523919a274441a076b20c7d713d192dbe6485c2201a258d17bf244c4df02d40343a7626a9d321e105000000000000000000000000",
-        "0x5448495320495320534f4d45204d4147494320425954455320464f5220534d54206d3172525867503278704449"
-      ],
-      "0x478CDd110520a8e733e2ACF9e543d2c687EA5239": [
-        "0x000f2d6436a450dc3daf4f111527f3e187a9641e7c5cbc4f53a386e6e4114bb8202cc33de5af63f5deca2409302103a4523463a3a16529835d526795e8966079db",
-        "0x0029ce00b3e5ddca3bd22d3a923b95239ed11243363803b8e1f5a89fb37ee3c6e52c0d8469864d5ee8e0d62944e8dc1de68f78b094d3ef7cf72a21b372866bab0a",
-        "0x000bf7d923da6cc335d4074262981bf4615b43a8eb2a4dd6f2eda4fd8e1503d9311c4e63762bb10044749243a2b52db21797da53a89ba6b8ceb5cee1596150ac45",
-        "0x002b29daef215b12b331bf75a98e595b8a10a91928f479cca3562db3859315055a1cb697055013d78d58072071584b3e40e8d846948c8e829cbbe9915e4bcf08f0",
-        "0x00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000007b1a84d4b19493ba2ca6a59dbc42d0e8559a7f8fb0c066bb8b1d90ceee9ce5c",
-        "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e9e173703b7c89f67443e861d959df35575c16617ea238fd235d8612f9020ba",
-        "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000ea71dd32b28e075772420197e740ad0ed7990e3f6e5be7f5051f0c0709defce",
-        "0x000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000186f00dca57567f28233cef5140efd49b1624b0ec3aef5b7f7ee42f03c3b6231",
-        "0x0006aac99418e9b09baea374df117e64523910d04427251eec6a9b482b6433bc54186c0fb6b2462a9c851df47ab11054dac43ed5b3f9d8d8a5fcf2fd0f9eb3e147",
-        "0x0109c2edb6138e8d6dc8f0b8b5ae98dd721c7053061887757f6749c484bddf92fa05080000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000a00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000c5d2460186f7233c927e7db2dcc703c0e500b653ca82273b7bfad8045d85a4702098f5fb9e239eab3ceac3f27b81e481dc3124d55ffed523a839ee8446b6486420478cdd110520a8e733e2acf9e543d2c687ea5239000000000000000000000000",
-        "0x5448495320495320534f4d45204d4147494320425954455320464f5220534d54206d3172525867503278704449"
-      ],
-      "0x5300000000000000000000000000000000000000": [
-        "0x000f2d6436a450dc3daf4f111527f3e187a9641e7c5cbc4f53a386e6e4114bb8202cc33de5af63f5deca2409302103a4523463a3a16529835d526795e8966079db",
-        "0x0029ce00b3e5ddca3bd22d3a923b95239ed11243363803b8e1f5a89fb37ee3c6e52c0d8469864d5ee8e0d62944e8dc1de68f78b094d3ef7cf72a21b372866bab0a",
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-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 16,
-          "op": "PUSH1",
-          "gas": 275,
-          "gasCost": 3,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e000000000000000000000000ea08a65b1829af779261e768d609e592"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 18,
-          "op": "SHR",
-          "gas": 272,
-          "gasCost": 3,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e000000000000000000000000ea08a65b1829af779261e768d609e592",
-            "0xe0"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 19,
-          "op": "DUP1",
-          "gas": 269,
-          "gasCost": 3,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 20,
-          "op": "PUSH4",
-          "gas": 266,
-          "gasCost": 3,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0x8ef1332e"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 25,
-          "op": "EQ",
-          "gas": 263,
-          "gasCost": 3,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0x3659cfe6"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 26,
-          "op": "PUSH2",
-          "gas": 260,
-          "gasCost": 3,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0x0"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 29,
-          "op": "JUMPI",
-          "gas": 257,
-          "gasCost": 10,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0x0",
-            "0x65"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 30,
-          "op": "DUP1",
-          "gas": 247,
-          "gasCost": 3,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 31,
-          "op": "PUSH4",
-          "gas": 244,
-          "gasCost": 3,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0x8ef1332e"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 36,
-          "op": "EQ",
-          "gas": 241,
-          "gasCost": 3,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0x4f1ef286"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 37,
-          "op": "PUSH2",
-          "gas": 238,
-          "gasCost": 3,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0x0"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 40,
-          "op": "JUMPI",
-          "gas": 235,
-          "gasCost": 10,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0x0",
-            "0x85"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 41,
-          "op": "DUP1",
-          "gas": 225,
-          "gasCost": 3,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 42,
-          "op": "PUSH4",
-          "gas": 222,
-          "gasCost": 3,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0x8ef1332e"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 47,
-          "op": "EQ",
-          "gas": 219,
-          "gasCost": 3,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0x5c60da1b"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 48,
-          "op": "PUSH2",
-          "gas": 216,
-          "gasCost": 3,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0x0"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 51,
-          "op": "JUMPI",
-          "gas": 213,
-          "gasCost": 10,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0x0",
-            "0x98"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 52,
-          "op": "DUP1",
-          "gas": 203,
-          "gasCost": 3,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 53,
-          "op": "PUSH4",
-          "gas": 200,
-          "gasCost": 3,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0x8ef1332e"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 58,
-          "op": "EQ",
-          "gas": 197,
-          "gasCost": 3,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0x8f283970"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 59,
-          "op": "PUSH2",
-          "gas": 194,
-          "gasCost": 3,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0x0"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 62,
-          "op": "JUMPI",
-          "gas": 191,
-          "gasCost": 10,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0x0",
-            "0xc9"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 63,
-          "op": "DUP1",
-          "gas": 181,
-          "gasCost": 3,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 64,
-          "op": "PUSH4",
-          "gas": 178,
-          "gasCost": 3,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0x8ef1332e"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 69,
-          "op": "EQ",
-          "gas": 175,
-          "gasCost": 3,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0xf851a440"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 70,
-          "op": "PUSH2",
-          "gas": 172,
-          "gasCost": 3,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0x0"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 73,
-          "op": "JUMPI",
-          "gas": 169,
-          "gasCost": 10,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0x0",
-            "0xe9"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 74,
-          "op": "PUSH2",
-          "gas": 159,
-          "gasCost": 3,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 77,
-          "op": "JUMP",
-          "gas": 156,
-          "gasCost": 8,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0x5d"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 93,
-          "op": "JUMPDEST",
-          "gas": 148,
-          "gasCost": 1,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 94,
-          "op": "PUSH2",
-          "gas": 147,
-          "gasCost": 3,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 97,
-          "op": "PUSH2",
-          "gas": 144,
-          "gasCost": 3,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0x5b"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 100,
-          "op": "JUMP",
-          "gas": 141,
-          "gasCost": 8,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0x5b",
-            "0xfe"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 254,
-          "op": "JUMPDEST",
-          "gas": 133,
-          "gasCost": 1,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0x5b"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 255,
-          "op": "PUSH2",
-          "gas": 132,
-          "gasCost": 3,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0x5b"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 258,
-          "op": "PUSH2",
-          "gas": 129,
-          "gasCost": 3,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0x5b",
-            "0x106"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 261,
-          "op": "JUMP",
-          "gas": 126,
-          "gasCost": 8,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0x5b",
-            "0x106",
-            "0x29b"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 667,
-          "op": "JUMPDEST",
-          "gas": 118,
-          "gasCost": 1,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0x5b",
-            "0x106"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 668,
-          "op": "PUSH2",
-          "gas": 117,
-          "gasCost": 3,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0x5b",
-            "0x106"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 671,
-          "op": "PUSH2",
-          "gas": 114,
-          "gasCost": 3,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0x5b",
-            "0x106",
-            "0x2a3"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 674,
-          "op": "JUMP",
-          "gas": 111,
-          "gasCost": 8,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0x5b",
-            "0x106",
-            "0x2a3",
-            "0x368"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 872,
-          "op": "JUMPDEST",
-          "gas": 103,
-          "gasCost": 1,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0x5b",
-            "0x106",
-            "0x2a3"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 873,
-          "op": "PUSH1",
-          "gas": 102,
-          "gasCost": 3,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0x5b",
-            "0x106",
-            "0x2a3"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 875,
-          "op": "PUSH32",
-          "gas": 99,
-          "gasCost": 3,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0x5b",
-            "0x106",
-            "0x2a3",
-            "0x0"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 908,
-          "op": "JUMPDEST",
-          "gas": 96,
-          "gasCost": 1,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0x5b",
-            "0x106",
-            "0x2a3",
-            "0x0",
-            "0xb53127684a568b3173ae13b9f8a6016e243e63b6e8ee1178d6a717850b5d6103"
-          ]
-        },
-        {
-          "pc": 909,
-          "op": "SLOAD",
-          "gas": 95,
-          "gasCost": 2100,
-          "depth": 1,
-          "error": "out of gas",
-          "stack": [
-            "0x8ef1332e",
-            "0x5b",
-            "0x106",
-            "0x2a3",
-            "0x0",
-            "0xb53127684a568b3173ae13b9f8a6016e243e63b6e8ee1178d6a717850b5d6103"
-          ],
-          "storage": {
-            "0xb53127684a568b3173ae13b9f8a6016e243e63b6e8ee1178d6a717850b5d6103": "0x0000000000000000000000008eebfef33eb00149852cadb631838ad9bfcce848"
-          },
-          "extraData": {
-            "proofList": [
-              {
-                "address": "0x1a258d17bf244c4df02d40343a7626a9d321e105",
-                "nonce": 1,
-                "balance": "0x30644e72e131a029b85045b68181585d2833e84879b9705b0e1847ce11600000",
-                "keccakCodeHash": "0x31f2125c021fb94759cb1993a2f07eae01792311e13f209441ff8969cf1eb835",
-                "poseidonCodeHash": "0x1cafbbe8f01ed4c292d9a27be523919a274441a076b20c7d713d192dbe6485c2",
-                "codeSize": 2151,
-                "storage": {
-                  "key": "0xb53127684a568b3173ae13b9f8a6016e243e63b6e8ee1178d6a717850b5d6103",
-                  "value": "0x0000000000000000000000008eebfef33eb00149852cadb631838ad9bfcce848"
-                }
-              }
-            ]
-          }
-        }
-      ]
-    }
-  ],
-  "withdraw_trie_root": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
-}
--- a/common/testdata/blockTrace_05.json
+++ b/common/testdata/blockTrace_05.json
--- a/common/testdata/blockTrace_06.json
+++ b/common/testdata/blockTrace_06.json
--- a/common/testdata/blockTrace_07.json
+++ b/common/testdata/blockTrace_07.json
--- a/common/types/block.go
+++ b/common/types/block.go
@@ -1,10 +1,6 @@
 package types

 import (
-	"encoding/binary"
-	"errors"
-	"math"
-
 	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/core/types"
 )
@@ -16,46 +12,3 @@ type WrappedBlock struct {
 	Transactions     []*types.TransactionData `json:"transactions"`
 	WithdrawTrieRoot common.Hash              `json:"withdraw_trie_root,omitempty"`
 }
-
-// NumL1Messages returns the number of L1 messages in this block.
-// This number is the sum of included and skipped L1 messages.
-func (w *WrappedBlock) NumL1Messages(totalL1MessagePoppedBefore uint64) uint64 {
-	var lastQueueIndex *uint64
-	for _, txData := range w.Transactions {
-		if txData.Type == 0x7E {
-			lastQueueIndex = &txData.Nonce
-		}
-	}
-	if lastQueueIndex == nil {
-		return 0
-	}
-	// note: last queue index included before this block is totalL1MessagePoppedBefore - 1
-	// TODO: cache results
-	return *lastQueueIndex - totalL1MessagePoppedBefore + 1
-}
-
-// Encode encodes the WrappedBlock into RollupV2 BlockContext Encoding.
-func (w *WrappedBlock) Encode(totalL1MessagePoppedBefore uint64) ([]byte, error) {
-	bytes := make([]byte, 60)
-
-	if !w.Header.Number.IsUint64() {
-		return nil, errors.New("block number is not uint64")
-	}
-	if len(w.Transactions) > math.MaxUint16 {
-		return nil, errors.New("number of transactions exceeds max uint16")
-	}
-
-	numL1Messages := w.NumL1Messages(totalL1MessagePoppedBefore)
-	if numL1Messages > math.MaxUint16 {
-		return nil, errors.New("number of L1 messages exceeds max uint16")
-	}
-
-	binary.BigEndian.PutUint64(bytes[0:], w.Header.Number.Uint64())
-	binary.BigEndian.PutUint64(bytes[8:], w.Header.Time)
-	// TODO: [16:47] Currently, baseFee is 0, because we disable EIP-1559.
-	binary.BigEndian.PutUint64(bytes[48:], w.Header.GasLimit)
-	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(bytes[56:], uint16(len(w.Transactions)))
-	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(bytes[58:], uint16(numL1Messages))
-
-	return bytes, nil
-}
--- a/common/types/db.go
+++ b/common/types/db.go
@@ -233,30 +233,31 @@ const (

 // BlockBatch is structure of stored block_batch
 type BlockBatch struct {
-	Hash             string          `json:"hash" db:"hash"`
-	Index            uint64          `json:"index" db:"index"`
-	ParentHash       string          `json:"parent_hash" db:"parent_hash"`
-	StartBlockNumber uint64          `json:"start_block_number" db:"start_block_number"`
-	StartBlockHash   string          `json:"start_block_hash" db:"start_block_hash"`
-	EndBlockNumber   uint64          `json:"end_block_number" db:"end_block_number"`
-	EndBlockHash     string          `json:"end_block_hash" db:"end_block_hash"`
-	StateRoot        string          `json:"state_root" db:"state_root"`
-	TotalTxNum       uint64          `json:"total_tx_num" db:"total_tx_num"`
-	TotalL1TxNum     uint64          `json:"total_l1_tx_num" db:"total_l1_tx_num"`
-	TotalL2Gas       uint64          `json:"total_l2_gas" db:"total_l2_gas"`
-	ProvingStatus    ProvingStatus   `json:"proving_status" db:"proving_status"`
-	Proof            []byte          `json:"proof" db:"proof"`
-	ProofTimeSec     uint64          `json:"proof_time_sec" db:"proof_time_sec"`
-	RollupStatus     RollupStatus    `json:"rollup_status" db:"rollup_status"`
-	OracleStatus     GasOracleStatus `json:"oracle_status" db:"oracle_status"`
-	CommitTxHash     sql.NullString  `json:"commit_tx_hash" db:"commit_tx_hash"`
-	FinalizeTxHash   sql.NullString  `json:"finalize_tx_hash" db:"finalize_tx_hash"`
-	OracleTxHash     sql.NullString  `json:"oracle_tx_hash" db:"oracle_tx_hash"`
-	CreatedAt        *time.Time      `json:"created_at" db:"created_at"`
-	ProverAssignedAt *time.Time      `json:"prover_assigned_at" db:"prover_assigned_at"`
-	ProvedAt         *time.Time      `json:"proved_at" db:"proved_at"`
-	CommittedAt      *time.Time      `json:"committed_at" db:"committed_at"`
-	FinalizedAt      *time.Time      `json:"finalized_at" db:"finalized_at"`
+	Hash                string          `json:"hash" db:"hash"`
+	Index               uint64          `json:"index" db:"index"`
+	ParentHash          string          `json:"parent_hash" db:"parent_hash"`
+	StartBlockNumber    uint64          `json:"start_block_number" db:"start_block_number"`
+	StartBlockHash      string          `json:"start_block_hash" db:"start_block_hash"`
+	EndBlockNumber      uint64          `json:"end_block_number" db:"end_block_number"`
+	EndBlockHash        string          `json:"end_block_hash" db:"end_block_hash"`
+	StateRoot           string          `json:"state_root" db:"state_root"`
+	TotalTxNum          uint64          `json:"total_tx_num" db:"total_tx_num"`
+	TotalL1TxNum        uint64          `json:"total_l1_tx_num" db:"total_l1_tx_num"`
+	TotalL2Gas          uint64          `json:"total_l2_gas" db:"total_l2_gas"`
+	ProvingStatus       ProvingStatus   `json:"proving_status" db:"proving_status"`
+	Proof               []byte          `json:"proof" db:"proof"`
+	InstanceCommitments []byte          `json:"instance_commitments" db:"instance_commitments"`
+	ProofTimeSec        uint64          `json:"proof_time_sec" db:"proof_time_sec"`
+	RollupStatus        RollupStatus    `json:"rollup_status" db:"rollup_status"`
+	OracleStatus        GasOracleStatus `json:"oracle_status" db:"oracle_status"`
+	CommitTxHash        sql.NullString  `json:"commit_tx_hash" db:"commit_tx_hash"`
+	FinalizeTxHash      sql.NullString  `json:"finalize_tx_hash" db:"finalize_tx_hash"`
+	OracleTxHash        sql.NullString  `json:"oracle_tx_hash" db:"oracle_tx_hash"`
+	CreatedAt           *time.Time      `json:"created_at" db:"created_at"`
+	ProverAssignedAt    *time.Time      `json:"prover_assigned_at" db:"prover_assigned_at"`
+	ProvedAt            *time.Time      `json:"proved_at" db:"proved_at"`
+	CommittedAt         *time.Time      `json:"committed_at" db:"committed_at"`
+	FinalizedAt         *time.Time      `json:"finalized_at" db:"finalized_at"`
 }

 // AggTask is a wrapper type around db AggProveTask type.
@@ -268,6 +269,6 @@ type AggTask struct {
 	EndBatchHash    string        `json:"end_batch_hash" db:"end_batch_hash"`
 	ProvingStatus   ProvingStatus `json:"proving_status" db:"proving_status"`
 	Proof           []byte        `json:"proof" db:"proof"`
-	CreatedAt       *time.Time    `json:"created_at" db:"created_at"`
-	UpdatedAt       *time.Time    `json:"updated_at" db:"updated_at"`
+	CreatedTime     *time.Time    `json:"created_time" db:"created_time"`
+	UpdatedTime     *time.Time    `json:"updated_time" db:"updated_time"`
 }
--- a/common/types/message/message.go
+++ b/common/types/message/message.go
@@ -4,8 +4,6 @@ import (
 	"crypto/ecdsa"
 	"crypto/rand"
 	"encoding/hex"
-	"errors"
-	"fmt"

 	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/scroll-tech/go-ethereum/common/hexutil"
@@ -207,7 +205,7 @@ type TaskMsg struct {
 	// For decentralization, basic rollers will get block hashes from the coordinator. So that they can refer to the block hashes and fetch traces locally. Only applicable for basic rollers.
 	BlockHashes []common.Hash `json:"block_hashes,omitempty"`
 	// Only applicable for aggregator rollers.
-	SubProofs []*AggProof `json:"sub_proofs,omitempty"`
+	SubProofs [][]byte `json:"sub_proofs,omitempty"`
 }

 // ProofDetail is the message received from rollers that contains zk proof, the status of
@@ -239,26 +237,3 @@ type AggProof struct {
 	Vk         []byte `json:"vk"`
 	BlockCount uint   `json:"block_count"`
 }
-
-// SanityCheck checks whether an AggProof is in a legal format
-// TODO: change to check Proof&Instance when upgrading to snark verifier v0.4
-func (ap *AggProof) SanityCheck() error {
-	if ap == nil {
-		return errors.New("agg_proof is nil")
-	}
-
-	if len(ap.Proof) == 0 {
-		return errors.New("proof not ready")
-	}
-	if len(ap.FinalPair) == 0 {
-		return errors.New("final_pair not ready")
-	}
-	if len(ap.Proof)%32 != 0 {
-		return fmt.Errorf("proof buffer has wrong length, expected: 32, got: %d", len(ap.Proof))
-	}
-	if len(ap.FinalPair)%32 != 0 {
-		return fmt.Errorf("final_pair buffer has wrong length, expected: 32, got: %d", len(ap.FinalPair))
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
--- a/common/utils/flags.go
+++ b/common/utils/flags.go
@@ -16,10 +16,6 @@ var (
 		&MetricsAddr,
 		&MetricsPort,
 	}
-	// RollupRelayerFlags contains flags only used in rollup-relayer
-	RollupRelayerFlags = []cli.Flag{
-		&ImportGenesisFlag,
-	}
 	// ConfigFileFlag load json type config file.
 	ConfigFileFlag = cli.StringFlag{
 		Name:  "config",
@@ -70,10 +66,4 @@ var (
 		Category: "METRICS",
 		Value:    6060,
 	}
-	// ImportGenesisFlag import genesis batch during startup
-	ImportGenesisFlag = cli.BoolFlag{
-		Name:  "import-genesis",
-		Usage: "Import genesis batch into L1 contract during startup",
-		Value: false,
-	}
 )
--- a/common/version/version.go
+++ b/common/version/version.go
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import (
 	"runtime/debug"
 )

-var tag = "v4.0.5"
+var tag = "v3.1.2"

 var commit = func() string {
 	if info, ok := debug.ReadBuildInfo(); ok {
--- a/contracts/.husky/pre-commit
+++ b/contracts/.husky/pre-commit
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
 . "$(dirname -- "$0")/_/husky.sh"

-cd contracts
-yarn lint-staged
+yarn lint-staged && forge build && npx hardhat compile
--- a/contracts/README.md
+++ b/contracts/README.md
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@

 Note: For more comprehensive documentation, see [`./docs/`](./docs).

+
 ## Directory Structure

 ```
@@ -23,8 +24,10 @@ remappings.txt - "foundry dependency mappings"
 ...
 ```

+
 ## Dependencies

+
 ### Foundry

 First run the command below to get foundryup, the Foundry toolchain installer:
@@ -39,22 +42,24 @@ Then, run `foundryup` in a new terminal session or after reloading your `PATH`.

 Other ways to install Foundry can be found [here](https://github.com/foundry-rs/foundry#installation).

+
 ### Hardhat

 ```
 yarn install
 ```

+
 ## Build

- Run `git submodule update --init --recursive` to initialise git submodules.
- Run `yarn prettier:solidity` to run linting in fix mode, will auto-format all solidity codes.
- Run `yarn prettier` to run linting in fix mode, will auto-format all typescript codes.
- Run `yarn prepare` to install the precommit linting hook
- Run `forge build` to compile contracts with foundry.
- Run `npx hardhat compile` to compile with hardhat.
- Run `forge test -vvv` to run foundry units tests. It will compile all contracts before running the unit tests.
- Run `npx hardhat test` to run integration tests. It may not compile all contracts before running, it's better to run `npx hardhat compile` first.
+ Run `git submodule update --init --recursive` to initialise git submodules.
+ Run `yarn prettier:solidity` to run linting in fix mode, will auto-format all solidity codes.
+ Run `yarn prettier` to run linting in fix mode, will auto-format all typescript codes.
+ Run `forge build` to compile contracts with foundry.
+ Run `npx hardhat compile` to compile with hardhat.
+ Run `forge test -vvv` to run foundry units tests. It will compile all contracts before running the unit tests.
+ Run `npx hardhat test` to run integration tests. It may not compile all contracts before running, it's better to run `npx hardhat compile` first.
+

 ## TODO

--- a/contracts/docs/apis/L1ScrollMessenger.md
+++ b/contracts/docs/apis/L1ScrollMessenger.md
@@ -63,6 +63,28 @@ Initialize the storage of L1ScrollMessenger.
 | _rollup | address | The address of ScrollChain contract. |
 | _messageQueue | address | The address of L1MessageQueue contract. |

+### isL1MessageRelayed
+
+```solidity
+function isL1MessageRelayed(bytes32) external view returns (bool)
+```
+
+Mapping from relay id to relay status.
+
+
+
+#### Parameters
+
+| Name | Type | Description |
+|---|---|---|
+| _0 | bytes32 | undefined |
+
+#### Returns
+
+| Name | Type | Description |
+|---|---|---|
+| _0 | bool | undefined |
+
 ### isL1MessageSent

 ```solidity
--- a/contracts/integration-test/GasSwap.spec.ts
+++ b/contracts/integration-test/GasSwap.spec.ts
@@ -1,326 +0,0 @@
-/* eslint-disable node/no-unpublished-import */
-/* eslint-disable node/no-missing-import */
-import { ethers } from "hardhat";
-import { GasSwap, MinimalForwarder, MockERC20, MockGasSwapTarget } from "../typechain";
-import { SignerWithAddress } from "@nomiclabs/hardhat-ethers/signers";
-import { expect } from "chai";
-import { BigNumber, constants } from "ethers";
-import { splitSignature } from "ethers/lib/utils";
-
-describe("GasSwap.spec", async () => {
-  let deployer: SignerWithAddress;
-  let signer: SignerWithAddress;
-
-  let forwarder: MinimalForwarder;
-  let swap: GasSwap;
-  let target: MockGasSwapTarget;
-  let token: MockERC20;
-
-  beforeEach(async () => {
-    [deployer, signer] = await ethers.getSigners();
-
-    const MinimalForwarder = await ethers.getContractFactory("MinimalForwarder", deployer);
-    forwarder = await MinimalForwarder.deploy();
-    await forwarder.deployed();
-
-    const GasSwap = await ethers.getContractFactory("GasSwap", deployer);
-    swap = await GasSwap.deploy(forwarder.address);
-    await swap.deployed();
-
-    const MockGasSwapTarget = await ethers.getContractFactory("MockGasSwapTarget", deployer);
-    target = await MockGasSwapTarget.deploy();
-    await target.deployed();
-
-    const MockERC20 = await ethers.getContractFactory("MockERC20", deployer);
-    token = await MockERC20.deploy("x", "y", 18);
-    await token.deployed();
-  });
-
-  context("auth", async () => {
-    it("should initialize correctly", async () => {
-      expect(await swap.owner()).to.eq(deployer.address);
-    });
-
-    context("#updateFeeRatio", async () => {
-      it("should revert, when non-owner call", async () => {
-        await expect(swap.connect(signer).updateFeeRatio(1)).to.revertedWith("caller is not the owner");
-      });
-
-      it("should succeed", async () => {
-        expect(await swap.feeRatio()).to.eq(constants.AddressZero);
-        await expect(swap.updateFeeRatio(100)).to.emit(swap, "UpdateFeeRatio").withArgs(100);
-        expect(await swap.feeRatio()).to.eq(100);
-      });
-    });
-
-    context("#updateApprovedTarget", async () => {
-      it("should revert, when non-owner call", async () => {
-        await expect(swap.connect(signer).updateApprovedTarget(target.address, false)).to.revertedWith(
-          "caller is not the owner"
-        );
-      });
-
-      it("should succeed", async () => {
-        expect(await swap.approvedTargets(target.address)).to.eq(false);
-        await expect(swap.updateApprovedTarget(target.address, true))
-          .to.emit(swap, "UpdateApprovedTarget")
-          .withArgs(target.address, true);
-        expect(await swap.approvedTargets(target.address)).to.eq(true);
-        await expect(swap.updateApprovedTarget(target.address, false))
-          .to.emit(swap, "UpdateApprovedTarget")
-          .withArgs(target.address, false);
-        expect(await swap.approvedTargets(target.address)).to.eq(false);
-      });
-    });
-
-    context("#withdraw", async () => {
-      it("should revert, when non-owner call", async () => {
-        await expect(swap.connect(signer).withdraw(constants.AddressZero, 0)).to.revertedWith(
-          "caller is not the owner"
-        );
-      });
-
-      it("should succeed, when withdraw ETH", async () => {
-        await deployer.sendTransaction({ to: swap.address, value: ethers.utils.parseEther("1") });
-        const balanceBefore = await deployer.getBalance();
-        const tx = await swap.withdraw(constants.AddressZero, ethers.utils.parseEther("1"));
-        const receipt = await tx.wait();
-        const balanceAfter = await deployer.getBalance();
-        expect(balanceAfter.sub(balanceBefore)).to.eq(
-          ethers.utils.parseEther("1").sub(receipt.gasUsed.mul(receipt.effectiveGasPrice))
-        );
-      });
-
-      it("should succeed, when withdraw token", async () => {
-        await token.mint(swap.address, ethers.utils.parseEther("1"));
-        const balanceBefore = await token.balanceOf(deployer.address);
-        await swap.withdraw(token.address, ethers.utils.parseEther("1"));
-        const balanceAfter = await token.balanceOf(deployer.address);
-        expect(balanceAfter.sub(balanceBefore)).to.eq(ethers.utils.parseEther("1"));
-      });
-    });
-  });
-
-  const permit = async (amount: BigNumber) => {
-    const value = {
-      owner: signer.address,
-      spender: swap.address,
-      value: amount,
-      nonce: await token.nonces(signer.address),
-      deadline: constants.MaxUint256,
-    };
-
-    const domain = {
-      name: await token.name(),
-      version: "1",
-      chainId: (await ethers.provider.getNetwork()).chainId,
-      verifyingContract: token.address,
-    };
-
-    const types = {
-      Permit: [
-        {
-          name: "owner",
-          type: "address",
-        },
-        {
-          name: "spender",
-          type: "address",
-        },
-        {
-          name: "value",
-          type: "uint256",
-        },
-        {
-          name: "nonce",
-          type: "uint256",
-        },
-        {
-          name: "deadline",
-          type: "uint256",
-        },
-      ],
-    };
-
-    const signature = splitSignature(await signer._signTypedData(domain, types, value));
-    return signature;
-  };
-
-  context("swap", async () => {
-    it("should revert, when target not approved", async () => {
-      await expect(
-        swap.swap(
-          {
-            token: token.address,
-            value: 0,
-            deadline: 0,
-            r: constants.HashZero,
-            s: constants.HashZero,
-            v: 0,
-          },
-          {
-            target: target.address,
-            data: "0x",
-            minOutput: 0,
-          }
-        )
-      ).to.revertedWith("target not approved");
-    });
-
-    it("should revert, when insufficient output amount", async () => {
-      const amountIn = ethers.utils.parseEther("1");
-      const amountOut = ethers.utils.parseEther("2");
-      await token.mint(signer.address, amountIn);
-      await deployer.sendTransaction({ to: target.address, value: amountOut });
-      const signature = await permit(amountIn);
-
-      await target.setToken(token.address);
-      await target.setAmountIn(amountIn);
-
-      await swap.updateApprovedTarget(target.address, true);
-      await expect(
-        swap.connect(signer).swap(
-          {
-            token: token.address,
-            value: amountIn,
-            deadline: constants.MaxUint256,
-            r: signature.r,
-            s: signature.s,
-            v: signature.v,
-          },
-          {
-            target: target.address,
-            data: "0x8119c065",
-            minOutput: amountOut.add(1),
-          }
-        )
-      ).to.revertedWith("insufficient output amount");
-    });
-
-    for (const refundRatio of ["0", "1", "5"]) {
-      for (const feeRatio of ["0", "5", "50"]) {
-        it(`should succeed, when swap by signer directly, with feeRatio[${feeRatio}%] refundRatio[${refundRatio}%]`, async () => {
-          const amountIn = ethers.utils.parseEther("1");
-          const amountOut = ethers.utils.parseEther("2");
-          await token.mint(signer.address, amountIn);
-          await deployer.sendTransaction({ to: target.address, value: amountOut });
-          const signature = await permit(amountIn);
-
-          await target.setToken(token.address);
-          await target.setAmountIn(amountIn);
-          await target.setRefund(amountIn.mul(refundRatio).div(100));
-
-          await swap.updateApprovedTarget(target.address, true);
-          await swap.updateFeeRatio(ethers.utils.parseEther(feeRatio).div(100));
-          const fee = amountOut.mul(feeRatio).div(100);
-
-          const balanceBefore = await signer.getBalance();
-          const tx = await swap.connect(signer).swap(
-            {
-              token: token.address,
-              value: amountIn,
-              deadline: constants.MaxUint256,
-              r: signature.r,
-              s: signature.s,
-              v: signature.v,
-            },
-            {
-              target: target.address,
-              data: "0x8119c065",
-              minOutput: amountOut.sub(fee),
-            }
-          );
-          const receipt = await tx.wait();
-          const balanceAfter = await signer.getBalance();
-          expect(balanceAfter.sub(balanceBefore)).to.eq(
-            amountOut.sub(fee).sub(receipt.gasUsed.mul(receipt.effectiveGasPrice))
-          );
-          expect(await token.balanceOf(signer.address)).to.eq(amountIn.mul(refundRatio).div(100));
-        });
-
-        it(`should succeed, when swap by signer with forwarder, with feeRatio[${feeRatio}%] refundRatio[${refundRatio}%]`, async () => {
-          const amountIn = ethers.utils.parseEther("1");
-          const amountOut = ethers.utils.parseEther("2");
-          await token.mint(signer.address, amountIn);
-          await deployer.sendTransaction({ to: target.address, value: amountOut });
-          const permitSignature = await permit(amountIn);
-
-          await target.setToken(token.address);
-          await target.setAmountIn(amountIn);
-          await target.setRefund(amountIn.mul(refundRatio).div(100));
-
-          await swap.updateApprovedTarget(target.address, true);
-          await swap.updateFeeRatio(ethers.utils.parseEther(feeRatio).div(100));
-          const fee = amountOut.mul(feeRatio).div(100);
-
-          const req = {
-            from: signer.address,
-            to: swap.address,
-            value: constants.Zero,
-            gas: 1000000,
-            nonce: 0,
-            data: swap.interface.encodeFunctionData("swap", [
-              {
-                token: token.address,
-                value: amountIn,
-                deadline: constants.MaxUint256,
-                r: permitSignature.r,
-                s: permitSignature.s,
-                v: permitSignature.v,
-              },
-              {
-                target: target.address,
-                data: "0x8119c065",
-                minOutput: amountOut.sub(fee),
-              },
-            ]),
-          };
-
-          const signature = await signer._signTypedData(
-            {
-              name: "MinimalForwarder",
-              version: "0.0.1",
-              chainId: (await ethers.provider.getNetwork()).chainId,
-              verifyingContract: forwarder.address,
-            },
-            {
-              ForwardRequest: [
-                {
-                  name: "from",
-                  type: "address",
-                },
-                {
-                  name: "to",
-                  type: "address",
-                },
-                {
-                  name: "value",
-                  type: "uint256",
-                },
-                {
-                  name: "gas",
-                  type: "uint256",
-                },
-                {
-                  name: "nonce",
-                  type: "uint256",
-                },
-                {
-                  name: "data",
-                  type: "bytes",
-                },
-              ],
-            },
-            req
-          );
-
-          const balanceBefore = await signer.getBalance();
-          await forwarder.execute(req, signature);
-          const balanceAfter = await signer.getBalance();
-          expect(balanceAfter.sub(balanceBefore)).to.eq(amountOut.sub(fee));
-          expect(await token.balanceOf(signer.address)).to.eq(amountIn.mul(refundRatio).div(100));
-        });
-      }
-    }
-  });
-});
--- a/contracts/integration-test/L1MessageQueue.spec.ts
+++ b/contracts/integration-test/L1MessageQueue.spec.ts
@@ -2,16 +2,7 @@
 /* eslint-disable node/no-missing-import */
 import { expect } from "chai";
 import { BigNumber, constants } from "ethers";
-import {
-  concat,
-  getAddress,
-  hexlify,
-  keccak256,
-  randomBytes,
-  RLP,
-  stripZeros,
-  TransactionTypes,
-} from "ethers/lib/utils";
+import { concat, getAddress, hexlify, keccak256, randomBytes, RLP } from "ethers/lib/utils";
 import { ethers } from "hardhat";
 import { L1MessageQueue, L2GasPriceOracle } from "../typechain";
 import { SignerWithAddress } from "@nomiclabs/hardhat-ethers/signers";
@@ -103,8 +94,8 @@ describe("L1MessageQueue", async () => {

  context("#computeTransactionHash", async () => {
    it("should succeed", async () => {
-      const sender = "0xb2a70fab1a45b1b9be443b6567849a1702bc1232";
-      const target = "0xcb18150e4efefb6786130e289a5f61a82a5b86d7";
+      const sender = hexlify(randomBytes(20));
+      const target = hexlify(randomBytes(20));
      const transactionType = "0x7E";

      for (const nonce of [
@@ -132,30 +123,19 @@ describe("L1MessageQueue", async () => {
            constants.MaxUint256,
          ]) {
            for (const dataLen of [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 55, 56, 100]) {
-              const tests = [randomBytes(dataLen)];
-              if (dataLen === 1) {
-                for (const byte of [0, 1, 127, 128]) {
-                  tests.push(Uint8Array.from([byte]));
-                }
-              }
-              for (const data of tests) {
-                const transactionPayload = RLP.encode([
-                  stripZeros(nonce.toHexString()),
-                  stripZeros(gasLimit.toHexString()),
-                  target,
-                  stripZeros(value.toHexString()),
-                  data,
-                  sender,
-                ]);
-                const payload = concat([transactionType, transactionPayload]);
-                const expectedHash = keccak256(payload);
-                const computedHash = await queue.computeTransactionHash(sender, nonce, value, target, gasLimit, data);
-                if (computedHash !== expectedHash) {
-                  console.log(hexlify(transactionPayload));
-                  console.log(nonce, gasLimit, target, value, data, sender);
-                }
-                expect(expectedHash).to.eq(computedHash);
-              }
+              const data = randomBytes(dataLen);
+              const transactionPayload = RLP.encode([
+                nonce.toHexString(),
+                gasLimit.toHexString(),
+                target,
+                value.toHexString(),
+                data,
+                sender,
+              ]);
+              const payload = concat([transactionType, transactionPayload]);
+              const expectedHash = keccak256(payload);
+              const computedHash = await queue.computeTransactionHash(sender, nonce, value, target, gasLimit, data);
+              expect(expectedHash).to.eq(computedHash);
            }
          }
        }
--- a/contracts/package.json
+++ b/contracts/package.json
@@ -11,8 +11,7 @@
    "lint:sol": "./node_modules/.bin/prettier --write 'src/**/*.sol'",
    "lint:ts": "./node_modules/.bin/prettier --write 'integration-test/**/*.ts' 'scripts/**/*.ts' *.ts",
    "lint": "yarn lint:ts && yarn lint:sol",
-    "coverage": "hardhat coverage",
-    "prepare": "cd .. && husky install contracts/.husky"
+    "coverage": "hardhat coverage"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "@nomiclabs/hardhat-ethers": "^2.0.0",
--- a/contracts/scripts/README.md
+++ b/contracts/scripts/README.md
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ Reference testnet [run_deploy_contracts.sh](https://github.com/scroll-tech/testn

 ## Deployment using Foundry

-Note: The Foundry scripts take parameters like `CHAIN_ID_L2` and `L1_SCROLL_CHAIN_PROXY_ADDR` as environment variables.
+Note: The Foundry scripts take parameters like `CHAIN_ID_L2` and `L1_ZK_ROLLUP_PROXY_ADDR` as environment variables.

 ```bash
 # allexport
@@ -101,4 +101,4 @@ $ source .env.l2_addresses
 # Initialize contracts
 $ forge script scripts/foundry/InitializeL1BridgeContracts.s.sol:InitializeL1BridgeContracts --rpc-url $SCROLL_L1_RPC --broadcast
 $ forge script scripts/foundry/InitializeL2BridgeContracts.s.sol:InitializeL2BridgeContracts --rpc-url $SCROLL_L2_RPC --broadcast
-```
+```
--- a/contracts/scripts/ScrollChainCommitmentVerifier.deploy.ts
+++ b/contracts/scripts/ScrollChainCommitmentVerifier.deploy.ts
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ async function main() {

  const ScrollChainCommitmentVerifier = await ethers.getContractFactory("ScrollChainCommitmentVerifier", deployer);

-  const L1ScrollChainAddress = process.env.L1_SCROLL_CHAIN_PROXY_ADDR!;
+  const L1ScrollChainAddress = process.env.L1_ZK_ROLLUP_PROXY_ADDR!;
  let PoseidonUnit2Address = process.env.POSEIDON_UNIT2_ADDR;

  if (!PoseidonUnit2Address) {
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
vincent	d10816de6a	make the version correct	2023-06-30 18:59:07 +08:00
vincent	c3b1713d21	next	2023-06-30 18:57:06 +08:00
vincent	87974b560a	test	2023-06-28 20:00:30 +08:00