fix(admin): reject NaN and Infinity in amount validation

* feat(blog): v0.5 post

* improvement(blog): simplify title and remove code block header

- Simplified blog title from "Introducing Sim Studio v0.5" to "Introducing Sim v0.5"
- Removed language label header and copy button from code blocks for cleaner appearance

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

* ack PR comments

* small styling improvements

* created system to create post-specific components

* updated componnet

* cache invalidation

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

apps/sim/app/(auth)/login/login-form.tsx

@@ -2,10 +2,9 @@
 
 import { useEffect, useState } from 'react'
 import { createLogger } from '@sim/logger'
-import { ArrowRight, ChevronRight, Eye, EyeOff } from 'lucide-react'
+import { Eye, EyeOff } from 'lucide-react'
 import Link from 'next/link'
 import { useRouter, useSearchParams } from 'next/navigation'
-import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button'
 import {
   Dialog,
   DialogContent,
@@ -22,8 +21,10 @@ import { getBaseUrl } from '@/lib/core/utils/urls'
 import { quickValidateEmail } from '@/lib/messaging/email/validation'
 import { inter } from '@/app/_styles/fonts/inter/inter'
 import { soehne } from '@/app/_styles/fonts/soehne/soehne'
+import { BrandedButton } from '@/app/(auth)/components/branded-button'
 import { SocialLoginButtons } from '@/app/(auth)/components/social-login-buttons'
 import { SSOLoginButton } from '@/app/(auth)/components/sso-login-button'
+import { useBrandedButtonClass } from '@/hooks/use-branded-button-class'
 
 const logger = createLogger('LoginForm')
 
@@ -105,8 +106,7 @@ export default function LoginPage({
   const [password, setPassword] = useState('')
   const [passwordErrors, setPasswordErrors] = useState<string[]>([])
   const [showValidationError, setShowValidationError] = useState(false)
-  const [buttonClass, setButtonClass] = useState('branded-button-gradient')
-  const [isButtonHovered, setIsButtonHovered] = useState(false)
+  const buttonClass = useBrandedButtonClass()
 
   const [callbackUrl, setCallbackUrl] = useState('/workspace')
   const [isInviteFlow, setIsInviteFlow] = useState(false)
@@ -114,7 +114,6 @@ export default function LoginPage({
   const [forgotPasswordOpen, setForgotPasswordOpen] = useState(false)
   const [forgotPasswordEmail, setForgotPasswordEmail] = useState('')
   const [isSubmittingReset, setIsSubmittingReset] = useState(false)
-  const [isResetButtonHovered, setIsResetButtonHovered] = useState(false)
   const [resetStatus, setResetStatus] = useState<{
     type: 'success' | 'error' | null
     message: string
@@ -123,6 +122,7 @@ export default function LoginPage({
   const [email, setEmail] = useState('')
   const [emailErrors, setEmailErrors] = useState<string[]>([])
   const [showEmailValidationError, setShowEmailValidationError] = useState(false)
+  const [resetSuccessMessage, setResetSuccessMessage] = useState<string | null>(null)
 
   useEffect(() => {
     setMounted(true)
@@ -139,32 +139,12 @@ export default function LoginPage({
 
       const inviteFlow = searchParams.get('invite_flow') === 'true'
       setIsInviteFlow(inviteFlow)
-    }
 
-    const checkCustomBrand = () => {
-      const computedStyle = getComputedStyle(document.documentElement)
-      const brandAccent = computedStyle.getPropertyValue('--brand-accent-hex').trim()
-
-      if (brandAccent && brandAccent !== '#6f3dfa') {
-        setButtonClass('branded-button-custom')
-      } else {
-        setButtonClass('branded-button-gradient')
+      const resetSuccess = searchParams.get('resetSuccess') === 'true'
+      if (resetSuccess) {
+        setResetSuccessMessage('Password reset successful. Please sign in with your new password.')
       }
     }
-
-    checkCustomBrand()
-
-    window.addEventListener('resize', checkCustomBrand)
-    const observer = new MutationObserver(checkCustomBrand)
-    observer.observe(document.documentElement, {
-      attributes: true,
-      attributeFilter: ['style', 'class'],
-    })
-
-    return () => {
-      window.removeEventListener('resize', checkCustomBrand)
-      observer.disconnect()
-    }
   }, [searchParams])
 
   useEffect(() => {
@@ -202,6 +182,13 @@ export default function LoginPage({
     e.preventDefault()
     setIsLoading(true)
 
+    const redirectToVerify = (emailToVerify: string) => {
+      if (typeof window !== 'undefined') {
+        sessionStorage.setItem('verificationEmail', emailToVerify)
+      }
+      router.push('/verify')
+    }
+
     const formData = new FormData(e.currentTarget)
     const emailRaw = formData.get('email') as string
     const email = emailRaw.trim().toLowerCase()
@@ -221,6 +208,7 @@ export default function LoginPage({
 
     try {
       const safeCallbackUrl = validateCallbackUrl(callbackUrl) ? callbackUrl : '/workspace'
+      let errorHandled = false
 
       const result = await client.signIn.email(
         {
@@ -231,11 +219,16 @@ export default function LoginPage({
         {
           onError: (ctx) => {
             logger.error('Login error:', ctx.error)
-            const errorMessage: string[] = ['Invalid email or password']
 
             if (ctx.error.code?.includes('EMAIL_NOT_VERIFIED')) {
+              errorHandled = true
+              redirectToVerify(email)
               return
             }
+
+            errorHandled = true
+            const errorMessage: string[] = ['Invalid email or password']
+
             if (
               ctx.error.code?.includes('BAD_REQUEST') ||
               ctx.error.message?.includes('Email and password sign in is not enabled')
@@ -271,6 +264,7 @@ export default function LoginPage({
               errorMessage.push('Too many requests. Please wait a moment before trying again.')
             }
 
+            setResetSuccessMessage(null)
             setPasswordErrors(errorMessage)
             setShowValidationError(true)
           },
@@ -278,15 +272,25 @@ export default function LoginPage({
       )
 
       if (!result || result.error) {
+        // Show error if not already handled by onError callback
+        if (!errorHandled) {
+          setResetSuccessMessage(null)
+          const errorMessage = result?.error?.message || 'Login failed. Please try again.'
+          setPasswordErrors([errorMessage])
+          setShowValidationError(true)
+        }
         setIsLoading(false)
         return
       }
+
+      // Clear reset success message on successful login
+      setResetSuccessMessage(null)
+
+      // Explicit redirect fallback if better-auth doesn't redirect
+      router.push(safeCallbackUrl)
     } catch (err: any) {
       if (err.message?.includes('not verified') || err.code?.includes('EMAIL_NOT_VERIFIED')) {
-        if (typeof window !== 'undefined') {
-          sessionStorage.setItem('verificationEmail', email)
-        }
-        router.push('/verify')
+        redirectToVerify(email)
         return
       }
 
@@ -400,6 +404,13 @@ export default function LoginPage({
         </div>
       )}
 
+      {/* Password reset success message */}
+      {resetSuccessMessage && (
+        <div className={`${inter.className} mt-1 space-y-1 text-[#4CAF50] text-xs`}>
+          <p>{resetSuccessMessage}</p>
+        </div>
+      )}
+
       {/* Email/Password Form - show unless explicitly disabled */}
       {!isFalsy(getEnv('NEXT_PUBLIC_EMAIL_PASSWORD_SIGNUP_ENABLED')) && (
         <form onSubmit={onSubmit} className={`${inter.className} mt-8 space-y-8`}>
@@ -482,24 +493,14 @@ export default function LoginPage({
             </div>
           </div>
 
-          <Button
+          <BrandedButton
             type='submit'
-            onMouseEnter={() => setIsButtonHovered(true)}
-            onMouseLeave={() => setIsButtonHovered(false)}
-            className='group inline-flex w-full items-center justify-center gap-2 rounded-[10px] border border-[#6F3DFA] bg-gradient-to-b from-[#8357FF] to-[#6F3DFA] py-[6px] pr-[10px] pl-[12px] text-[15px] text-white shadow-[inset_0_2px_4px_0_#9B77FF] transition-all'
             disabled={isLoading}
+            loading={isLoading}
+            loadingText='Signing in'
           >
-            <span className='flex items-center gap-1'>
-              {isLoading ? 'Signing in...' : 'Sign in'}
-              <span className='inline-flex transition-transform duration-200 group-hover:translate-x-0.5'>
-                {isButtonHovered ? (
-                  <ArrowRight className='h-4 w-4' aria-hidden='true' />
-                ) : (
-                  <ChevronRight className='h-4 w-4' aria-hidden='true' />
-                )}
-              </span>
-            </span>
-          </Button>
+            Sign in
+          </BrandedButton>
         </form>
       )}
 
@@ -610,25 +611,15 @@ export default function LoginPage({
                 <p>{resetStatus.message}</p>
               </div>
             )}
-            <Button
+            <BrandedButton
               type='button'
               onClick={handleForgotPassword}
-              onMouseEnter={() => setIsResetButtonHovered(true)}
-              onMouseLeave={() => setIsResetButtonHovered(false)}
-              className='group inline-flex w-full items-center justify-center gap-2 rounded-[10px] border border-[#6F3DFA] bg-gradient-to-b from-[#8357FF] to-[#6F3DFA] py-[6px] pr-[10px] pl-[12px] text-[15px] text-white shadow-[inset_0_2px_4px_0_#9B77FF] transition-all'
               disabled={isSubmittingReset}
+              loading={isSubmittingReset}
+              loadingText='Sending'
             >
-              <span className='flex items-center gap-1'>
-                {isSubmittingReset ? 'Sending...' : 'Send Reset Link'}
-                <span className='inline-flex transition-transform duration-200 group-hover:translate-x-0.5'>
-                  {isResetButtonHovered ? (
-                    <ArrowRight className='h-4 w-4' aria-hidden='true' />
-                  ) : (
-                    <ChevronRight className='h-4 w-4' aria-hidden='true' />
-                  )}
-                </span>
-              </span>
-            </Button>
+              Send Reset Link
+            </BrandedButton>
           </div>
         </DialogContent>
       </Dialog>

apps/sim/app/(auth)/reset-password/reset-password-form.tsx

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 'use client'
 
-import { useEffect, useState } from 'react'
-import { ArrowRight, ChevronRight, Eye, EyeOff } from 'lucide-react'
-import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button'
+import { useState } from 'react'
+import { Eye, EyeOff } from 'lucide-react'
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input'
 import { Label } from '@/components/ui/label'
 import { cn } from '@/lib/core/utils/cn'
 import { inter } from '@/app/_styles/fonts/inter/inter'
+import { BrandedButton } from '@/app/(auth)/components/branded-button'
 
 interface RequestResetFormProps {
   email: string
@@ -27,36 +27,6 @@ export function RequestResetForm({
   statusMessage,
   className,
 }: RequestResetFormProps) {
-  const [buttonClass, setButtonClass] = useState('branded-button-gradient')
-  const [isButtonHovered, setIsButtonHovered] = useState(false)
-
-  useEffect(() => {
-    const checkCustomBrand = () => {
-      const computedStyle = getComputedStyle(document.documentElement)
-      const brandAccent = computedStyle.getPropertyValue('--brand-accent-hex').trim()
-
-      if (brandAccent && brandAccent !== '#6f3dfa') {
-        setButtonClass('branded-button-custom')
-      } else {
-        setButtonClass('branded-button-gradient')
-      }
-    }
-
-    checkCustomBrand()
-
-    window.addEventListener('resize', checkCustomBrand)
-    const observer = new MutationObserver(checkCustomBrand)
-    observer.observe(document.documentElement, {
-      attributes: true,
-      attributeFilter: ['style', 'class'],
-    })
-
-    return () => {
-      window.removeEventListener('resize', checkCustomBrand)
-      observer.disconnect()
-    }
-  }, [])
-
   const handleSubmit = async (e: React.FormEvent) => {
     e.preventDefault()
     onSubmit(email)
@@ -94,24 +64,14 @@ export function RequestResetForm({
         )}
       </div>
 
-      <Button
+      <BrandedButton
         type='submit'
         disabled={isSubmitting}
-        onMouseEnter={() => setIsButtonHovered(true)}
-        onMouseLeave={() => setIsButtonHovered(false)}
-        className='group inline-flex w-full items-center justify-center gap-2 rounded-[10px] border border-[#6F3DFA] bg-gradient-to-b from-[#8357FF] to-[#6F3DFA] py-[6px] pr-[10px] pl-[12px] text-[15px] text-white shadow-[inset_0_2px_4px_0_#9B77FF] transition-all'
+        loading={isSubmitting}
+        loadingText='Sending'
       >
-        <span className='flex items-center gap-1'>
-          {isSubmitting ? 'Sending...' : 'Send Reset Link'}
-          <span className='inline-flex transition-transform duration-200 group-hover:translate-x-0.5'>
-            {isButtonHovered ? (
-              <ArrowRight className='h-4 w-4' aria-hidden='true' />
-            ) : (
-              <ChevronRight className='h-4 w-4' aria-hidden='true' />
-            )}
-          </span>
-        </span>
-      </Button>
+        Send Reset Link
+      </BrandedButton>
     </form>
   )
 }
@@ -138,35 +98,6 @@ export function SetNewPasswordForm({
   const [validationMessage, setValidationMessage] = useState('')
   const [showPassword, setShowPassword] = useState(false)
   const [showConfirmPassword, setShowConfirmPassword] = useState(false)
-  const [buttonClass, setButtonClass] = useState('branded-button-gradient')
-  const [isButtonHovered, setIsButtonHovered] = useState(false)
-
-  useEffect(() => {
-    const checkCustomBrand = () => {
-      const computedStyle = getComputedStyle(document.documentElement)
-      const brandAccent = computedStyle.getPropertyValue('--brand-accent-hex').trim()
-
-      if (brandAccent && brandAccent !== '#6f3dfa') {
-        setButtonClass('branded-button-custom')
-      } else {
-        setButtonClass('branded-button-gradient')
-      }
-    }
-
-    checkCustomBrand()
-
-    window.addEventListener('resize', checkCustomBrand)
-    const observer = new MutationObserver(checkCustomBrand)
-    observer.observe(document.documentElement, {
-      attributes: true,
-      attributeFilter: ['style', 'class'],
-    })
-
-    return () => {
-      window.removeEventListener('resize', checkCustomBrand)
-      observer.disconnect()
-    }
-  }, [])
 
   const handleSubmit = async (e: React.FormEvent) => {
     e.preventDefault()
@@ -296,24 +227,14 @@ export function SetNewPasswordForm({
         )}
       </div>
 
-      <Button
-        disabled={isSubmitting || !token}
+      <BrandedButton
         type='submit'
-        onMouseEnter={() => setIsButtonHovered(true)}
-        onMouseLeave={() => setIsButtonHovered(false)}
-        className='group inline-flex w-full items-center justify-center gap-2 rounded-[10px] border border-[#6F3DFA] bg-gradient-to-b from-[#8357FF] to-[#6F3DFA] py-[6px] pr-[10px] pl-[12px] text-[15px] text-white shadow-[inset_0_2px_4px_0_#9B77FF] transition-all'
+        disabled={isSubmitting || !token}
+        loading={isSubmitting}
+        loadingText='Resetting'
       >
-        <span className='flex items-center gap-1'>
-          {isSubmitting ? 'Resetting...' : 'Reset Password'}
-          <span className='inline-flex transition-transform duration-200 group-hover:translate-x-0.5'>
-            {isButtonHovered ? (
-              <ArrowRight className='h-4 w-4' aria-hidden='true' />
-            ) : (
-              <ChevronRight className='h-4 w-4' aria-hidden='true' />
-            )}
-          </span>
-        </span>
-      </Button>
+        Reset Password
+      </BrandedButton>
     </form>
   )
 }

apps/sim/app/(auth)/signup/signup-form.tsx

@@ -2,10 +2,9 @@
 
 import { Suspense, useEffect, useState } from 'react'
 import { createLogger } from '@sim/logger'
-import { ArrowRight, ChevronRight, Eye, EyeOff } from 'lucide-react'
+import { Eye, EyeOff } from 'lucide-react'
 import Link from 'next/link'
 import { useRouter, useSearchParams } from 'next/navigation'
-import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button'
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input'
 import { Label } from '@/components/ui/label'
 import { client, useSession } from '@/lib/auth/auth-client'
@@ -14,8 +13,10 @@ import { cn } from '@/lib/core/utils/cn'
 import { quickValidateEmail } from '@/lib/messaging/email/validation'
 import { inter } from '@/app/_styles/fonts/inter/inter'
 import { soehne } from '@/app/_styles/fonts/soehne/soehne'
+import { BrandedButton } from '@/app/(auth)/components/branded-button'
 import { SocialLoginButtons } from '@/app/(auth)/components/social-login-buttons'
 import { SSOLoginButton } from '@/app/(auth)/components/sso-login-button'
+import { useBrandedButtonClass } from '@/hooks/use-branded-button-class'
 
 const logger = createLogger('SignupForm')
 
@@ -95,8 +96,7 @@ function SignupFormContent({
   const [showEmailValidationError, setShowEmailValidationError] = useState(false)
   const [redirectUrl, setRedirectUrl] = useState('')
   const [isInviteFlow, setIsInviteFlow] = useState(false)
-  const [buttonClass, setButtonClass] = useState('branded-button-gradient')
-  const [isButtonHovered, setIsButtonHovered] = useState(false)
+  const buttonClass = useBrandedButtonClass()
 
   const [name, setName] = useState('')
   const [nameErrors, setNameErrors] = useState<string[]>([])
@@ -126,31 +126,6 @@ function SignupFormContent({
     if (inviteFlowParam === 'true') {
       setIsInviteFlow(true)
     }
-
-    const checkCustomBrand = () => {
-      const computedStyle = getComputedStyle(document.documentElement)
-      const brandAccent = computedStyle.getPropertyValue('--brand-accent-hex').trim()
-
-      if (brandAccent && brandAccent !== '#6f3dfa') {
-        setButtonClass('branded-button-custom')
-      } else {
-        setButtonClass('branded-button-gradient')
-      }
-    }
-
-    checkCustomBrand()
-
-    window.addEventListener('resize', checkCustomBrand)
-    const observer = new MutationObserver(checkCustomBrand)
-    observer.observe(document.documentElement, {
-      attributes: true,
-      attributeFilter: ['style', 'class'],
-    })
-
-    return () => {
-      window.removeEventListener('resize', checkCustomBrand)
-      observer.disconnect()
-    }
   }, [searchParams])
 
   const validatePassword = (passwordValue: string): string[] => {
@@ -500,24 +475,14 @@ function SignupFormContent({
             </div>
           </div>
 
-          <Button
+          <BrandedButton
             type='submit'
-            onMouseEnter={() => setIsButtonHovered(true)}
-            onMouseLeave={() => setIsButtonHovered(false)}
-            className='group inline-flex w-full items-center justify-center gap-2 rounded-[10px] border border-[#6F3DFA] bg-gradient-to-b from-[#8357FF] to-[#6F3DFA] py-[6px] pr-[10px] pl-[12px] text-[15px] text-white shadow-[inset_0_2px_4px_0_#9B77FF] transition-all'
             disabled={isLoading}
+            loading={isLoading}
+            loadingText='Creating account'
           >
-            <span className='flex items-center gap-1'>
-              {isLoading ? 'Creating account' : 'Create account'}
-              <span className='inline-flex transition-transform duration-200 group-hover:translate-x-0.5'>
-                {isButtonHovered ? (
-                  <ArrowRight className='h-4 w-4' aria-hidden='true' />
-                ) : (
-                  <ChevronRight className='h-4 w-4' aria-hidden='true' />
-                )}
-              </span>
-            </span>
-          </Button>
+            Create account
+          </BrandedButton>
         </form>
       )}
 

apps/sim/app/(auth)/sso/sso-form.tsx

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import { cn } from '@/lib/core/utils/cn'
 import { quickValidateEmail } from '@/lib/messaging/email/validation'
 import { inter } from '@/app/_styles/fonts/inter/inter'
 import { soehne } from '@/app/_styles/fonts/soehne/soehne'
+import { useBrandedButtonClass } from '@/hooks/use-branded-button-class'
 
 const logger = createLogger('SSOForm')
 
@@ -57,7 +58,7 @@ export default function SSOForm() {
   const [email, setEmail] = useState('')
   const [emailErrors, setEmailErrors] = useState<string[]>([])
   const [showEmailValidationError, setShowEmailValidationError] = useState(false)
-  const [buttonClass, setButtonClass] = useState('branded-button-gradient')
+  const buttonClass = useBrandedButtonClass()
   const [callbackUrl, setCallbackUrl] = useState('/workspace')
 
   useEffect(() => {
@@ -90,31 +91,6 @@ export default function SSOForm() {
         setShowEmailValidationError(true)
       }
     }
-
-    const checkCustomBrand = () => {
-      const computedStyle = getComputedStyle(document.documentElement)
-      const brandAccent = computedStyle.getPropertyValue('--brand-accent-hex').trim()
-
-      if (brandAccent && brandAccent !== '#6f3dfa') {
-        setButtonClass('branded-button-custom')
-      } else {
-        setButtonClass('branded-button-gradient')
-      }
-    }
-
-    checkCustomBrand()
-
-    window.addEventListener('resize', checkCustomBrand)
-    const observer = new MutationObserver(checkCustomBrand)
-    observer.observe(document.documentElement, {
-      attributes: true,
-      attributeFilter: ['style', 'class'],
-    })
-
-    return () => {
-      window.removeEventListener('resize', checkCustomBrand)
-      observer.disconnect()
-    }
   }, [searchParams])
 
   const handleEmailChange = (e: React.ChangeEvent<HTMLInputElement>) => {

apps/sim/app/(auth)/verify/verify-content.tsx

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import { cn } from '@/lib/core/utils/cn'
 import { inter } from '@/app/_styles/fonts/inter/inter'
 import { soehne } from '@/app/_styles/fonts/soehne/soehne'
 import { useVerification } from '@/app/(auth)/verify/use-verification'
+import { useBrandedButtonClass } from '@/hooks/use-branded-button-class'
 
 interface VerifyContentProps {
   hasEmailService: boolean
@@ -58,34 +59,7 @@ function VerificationForm({
     setCountdown(30)
   }
 
-  const [buttonClass, setButtonClass] = useState('branded-button-gradient')
-
-  useEffect(() => {
-    const checkCustomBrand = () => {
-      const computedStyle = getComputedStyle(document.documentElement)
-      const brandAccent = computedStyle.getPropertyValue('--brand-accent-hex').trim()
-
-      if (brandAccent && brandAccent !== '#6f3dfa') {
-        setButtonClass('branded-button-custom')
-      } else {
-        setButtonClass('branded-button-gradient')
-      }
-    }
-
-    checkCustomBrand()
-
-    window.addEventListener('resize', checkCustomBrand)
-    const observer = new MutationObserver(checkCustomBrand)
-    observer.observe(document.documentElement, {
-      attributes: true,
-      attributeFilter: ['style', 'class'],
-    })
-
-    return () => {
-      window.removeEventListener('resize', checkCustomBrand)
-      observer.disconnect()
-    }
-  }, [])
+  const buttonClass = useBrandedButtonClass()
 
   return (
     <>

apps/sim/app/(landing)/careers/page.tsx

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import { useRef, useState } from 'react'
 import { createLogger } from '@sim/logger'
 import { X } from 'lucide-react'
 import { Textarea } from '@/components/emcn'
-import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button'
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input'
 import { Label } from '@/components/ui/label'
 import {
@@ -18,6 +17,7 @@ import { isHosted } from '@/lib/core/config/feature-flags'
 import { cn } from '@/lib/core/utils/cn'
 import { quickValidateEmail } from '@/lib/messaging/email/validation'
 import { soehne } from '@/app/_styles/fonts/soehne/soehne'
+import { BrandedButton } from '@/app/(auth)/components/branded-button'
 import Footer from '@/app/(landing)/components/footer/footer'
 import Nav from '@/app/(landing)/components/nav/nav'
 
@@ -493,18 +493,17 @@ export default function CareersPage() {
 
               {/* Submit Button */}
               <div className='flex justify-end pt-2'>
-                <Button
+                <BrandedButton
                   type='submit'
                   disabled={isSubmitting || submitStatus === 'success'}
-                  className='min-w-[200px] rounded-[10px] border border-[#6F3DFA] bg-gradient-to-b from-[#8357FF] to-[#6F3DFA] text-white shadow-[inset_0_2px_4px_0_#9B77FF] transition-all duration-300 hover:opacity-90 disabled:opacity-50'
-                  size='lg'
+                  loading={isSubmitting}
+                  loadingText='Submitting'
+                  showArrow={false}
+                  fullWidth={false}
+                  className='min-w-[200px]'
                 >
-                  {isSubmitting
-                    ? 'Submitting...'
-                    : submitStatus === 'success'
-                      ? 'Submitted'
-                      : 'Submit Application'}
-                </Button>
+                  {submitStatus === 'success' ? 'Submitted' : 'Submit Application'}
+                </BrandedButton>
               </div>
             </form>
           </section>

apps/sim/app/(landing)/components/nav/nav.tsx

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import { useBrandConfig } from '@/lib/branding/branding'
 import { isHosted } from '@/lib/core/config/feature-flags'
 import { soehne } from '@/app/_styles/fonts/soehne/soehne'
 import { getFormattedGitHubStars } from '@/app/(landing)/actions/github'
+import { useBrandedButtonClass } from '@/hooks/use-branded-button-class'
 
 const logger = createLogger('nav')
 
@@ -20,11 +21,12 @@ interface NavProps {
 }
 
 export default function Nav({ hideAuthButtons = false, variant = 'landing' }: NavProps = {}) {
-  const [githubStars, setGithubStars] = useState('25.1k')
+  const [githubStars, setGithubStars] = useState('25.8k')
   const [isHovered, setIsHovered] = useState(false)
   const [isLoginHovered, setIsLoginHovered] = useState(false)
   const router = useRouter()
   const brand = useBrandConfig()
+  const buttonClass = useBrandedButtonClass()
 
   useEffect(() => {
     if (variant !== 'landing') return
@@ -183,7 +185,7 @@ export default function Nav({ hideAuthButtons = false, variant = 'landing' }: Na
             href='/signup'
             onMouseEnter={() => setIsHovered(true)}
             onMouseLeave={() => setIsHovered(false)}
-            className='group inline-flex items-center justify-center gap-2 rounded-[10px] border border-[#6F3DFA] bg-gradient-to-b from-[#8357FF] to-[#6F3DFA] py-[6px] pr-[10px] pl-[12px] text-[14px] text-white shadow-[inset_0_2px_4px_0_#9B77FF] transition-all sm:text-[16px]'
+            className={`${buttonClass} group inline-flex items-center justify-center gap-2 rounded-[10px] py-[6px] pr-[10px] pl-[12px] text-[15px] text-white transition-all`}
             aria-label='Get started with Sim - Sign up for free'
             prefetch={true}
           >

apps/sim/app/(landing)/studio/[slug]/back-link.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+'use client'
+
+import { useState } from 'react'
+import { ArrowLeft, ChevronLeft } from 'lucide-react'
+import Link from 'next/link'
+
+export function BackLink() {
+  const [isHovered, setIsHovered] = useState(false)
+
+  return (
+    <Link
+      href='/studio'
+      className='group flex items-center gap-1 text-gray-600 text-sm hover:text-gray-900'
+      onMouseEnter={() => setIsHovered(true)}
+      onMouseLeave={() => setIsHovered(false)}
+    >
+      <span className='group-hover:-translate-x-0.5 inline-flex transition-transform duration-200'>
+        {isHovered ? (
+          <ArrowLeft className='h-4 w-4' aria-hidden='true' />
+        ) : (
+          <ChevronLeft className='h-4 w-4' aria-hidden='true' />
+        )}
+      </span>
+      Back to Sim Studio
+    </Link>
+  )
+}

apps/sim/app/(landing)/studio/[slug]/page.tsx

@@ -5,7 +5,10 @@ import { Avatar, AvatarFallback, AvatarImage } from '@/components/emcn'
 import { FAQ } from '@/lib/blog/faq'
 import { getAllPostMeta, getPostBySlug, getRelatedPosts } from '@/lib/blog/registry'
 import { buildArticleJsonLd, buildBreadcrumbJsonLd, buildPostMetadata } from '@/lib/blog/seo'
+import { getBaseUrl } from '@/lib/core/utils/urls'
 import { soehne } from '@/app/_styles/fonts/soehne/soehne'
+import { BackLink } from '@/app/(landing)/studio/[slug]/back-link'
+import { ShareButton } from '@/app/(landing)/studio/[slug]/share-button'
 
 export async function generateStaticParams() {
   const posts = await getAllPostMeta()
@@ -48,9 +51,7 @@ export default async function Page({ params }: { params: Promise<{ slug: string
       />
       <header className='mx-auto max-w-[1450px] px-6 pt-8 sm:px-8 sm:pt-12 md:px-12 md:pt-16'>
         <div className='mb-6'>
-          <Link href='/studio' className='text-gray-600 text-sm hover:text-gray-900'>
-            ← Back to Sim Studio
-          </Link>
+          <BackLink />
         </div>
         <div className='flex flex-col gap-8 md:flex-row md:gap-12'>
           <div className='w-full flex-shrink-0 md:w-[450px]'>
@@ -75,28 +76,31 @@ export default async function Page({ params }: { params: Promise<{ slug: string
             >
               {post.title}
             </h1>
-            <div className='mt-4 flex items-center gap-3'>
-              {(post.authors || [post.author]).map((a, idx) => (
-                <div key={idx} className='flex items-center gap-2'>
-                  {a?.avatarUrl ? (
-                    <Avatar className='size-6'>
-                      <AvatarImage src={a.avatarUrl} alt={a.name} />
-                      <AvatarFallback>{a.name.slice(0, 2)}</AvatarFallback>
-                    </Avatar>
-                  ) : null}
-                  <Link
-                    href={a?.url || '#'}
-                    target='_blank'
-                    rel='noopener noreferrer author'
-                    className='text-[14px] text-gray-600 leading-[1.5] hover:text-gray-900 sm:text-[16px]'
-                    itemProp='author'
-                    itemScope
-                    itemType='https://schema.org/Person'
-                  >
-                    <span itemProp='name'>{a?.name}</span>
-                  </Link>
-                </div>
-              ))}
+            <div className='mt-4 flex items-center justify-between'>
+              <div className='flex items-center gap-3'>
+                {(post.authors || [post.author]).map((a, idx) => (
+                  <div key={idx} className='flex items-center gap-2'>
+                    {a?.avatarUrl ? (
+                      <Avatar className='size-6'>
+                        <AvatarImage src={a.avatarUrl} alt={a.name} />
+                        <AvatarFallback>{a.name.slice(0, 2)}</AvatarFallback>
+                      </Avatar>
+                    ) : null}
+                    <Link
+                      href={a?.url || '#'}
+                      target='_blank'
+                      rel='noopener noreferrer author'
+                      className='text-[14px] text-gray-600 leading-[1.5] hover:text-gray-900 sm:text-[16px]'
+                      itemProp='author'
+                      itemScope
+                      itemType='https://schema.org/Person'
+                    >
+                      <span itemProp='name'>{a?.name}</span>
+                    </Link>
+                  </div>
+                ))}
+              </div>
+              <ShareButton url={`${getBaseUrl()}/studio/${slug}`} title={post.title} />
             </div>
           </div>
         </div>

apps/sim/app/(landing)/studio/[slug]/share-button.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+'use client'
+
+import { useState } from 'react'
+import { Share2 } from 'lucide-react'
+import { Popover, PopoverContent, PopoverItem, PopoverTrigger } from '@/components/emcn'
+
+interface ShareButtonProps {
+  url: string
+  title: string
+}
+
+export function ShareButton({ url, title }: ShareButtonProps) {
+  const [open, setOpen] = useState(false)
+  const [copied, setCopied] = useState(false)
+
+  const handleCopyLink = async () => {
+    try {
+      await navigator.clipboard.writeText(url)
+      setCopied(true)
+      setTimeout(() => {
+        setCopied(false)
+        setOpen(false)
+      }, 1000)
+    } catch {
+      setOpen(false)
+    }
+  }
+
+  const handleShareTwitter = () => {
+    const tweetUrl = `https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=${encodeURIComponent(url)}&text=${encodeURIComponent(title)}`
+    window.open(tweetUrl, '_blank', 'noopener,noreferrer')
+    setOpen(false)
+  }
+
+  const handleShareLinkedIn = () => {
+    const linkedInUrl = `https://www.linkedin.com/sharing/share-offsite/?url=${encodeURIComponent(url)}`
+    window.open(linkedInUrl, '_blank', 'noopener,noreferrer')
+    setOpen(false)
+  }
+
+  return (
+    <Popover
+      open={open}
+      onOpenChange={setOpen}
+      variant='secondary'
+      size='sm'
+      colorScheme='inverted'
+    >
+      <PopoverTrigger asChild>
+        <button
+          className='flex items-center gap-1.5 text-gray-600 text-sm hover:text-gray-900'
+          aria-label='Share this post'
+        >
+          <Share2 className='h-4 w-4' />
+          <span>Share</span>
+        </button>
+      </PopoverTrigger>
+      <PopoverContent align='end' minWidth={140}>
+        <PopoverItem onClick={handleCopyLink}>{copied ? 'Copied!' : 'Copy link'}</PopoverItem>
+        <PopoverItem onClick={handleShareTwitter}>Share on X</PopoverItem>
+        <PopoverItem onClick={handleShareLinkedIn}>Share on LinkedIn</PopoverItem>
+      </PopoverContent>
+    </Popover>
+  )
+}

apps/sim/app/api/auth/oauth/utils.ts

@@ -4,6 +4,11 @@ import { createLogger } from '@sim/logger'
 import { and, desc, eq, inArray } from 'drizzle-orm'
 import { getSession } from '@/lib/auth'
 import { refreshOAuthToken } from '@/lib/oauth'
+import {
+  getMicrosoftRefreshTokenExpiry,
+  isMicrosoftProvider,
+  PROACTIVE_REFRESH_THRESHOLD_DAYS,
+} from '@/lib/oauth/microsoft'
 
 const logger = createLogger('OAuthUtilsAPI')
 
@@ -205,15 +210,32 @@ export async function refreshAccessTokenIfNeeded(
   }
 
   // Decide if we should refresh: token missing OR expired
-  const expiresAt = credential.accessTokenExpiresAt
+  const accessTokenExpiresAt = credential.accessTokenExpiresAt
+  const refreshTokenExpiresAt = credential.refreshTokenExpiresAt
   const now = new Date()
-  const shouldRefresh =
-    !!credential.refreshToken && (!credential.accessToken || (expiresAt && expiresAt <= now))
+
+  // Check if access token needs refresh (missing or expired)
+  const accessTokenNeedsRefresh =
+    !!credential.refreshToken &&
+    (!credential.accessToken || (accessTokenExpiresAt && accessTokenExpiresAt <= now))
+
+  // Check if we should proactively refresh to prevent refresh token expiry
+  // This applies to Microsoft providers whose refresh tokens expire after 90 days of inactivity
+  const proactiveRefreshThreshold = new Date(
+    now.getTime() + PROACTIVE_REFRESH_THRESHOLD_DAYS * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000
+  )
+  const refreshTokenNeedsProactiveRefresh =
+    !!credential.refreshToken &&
+    isMicrosoftProvider(credential.providerId) &&
+    refreshTokenExpiresAt &&
+    refreshTokenExpiresAt <= proactiveRefreshThreshold
+
+  const shouldRefresh = accessTokenNeedsRefresh || refreshTokenNeedsProactiveRefresh
 
   const accessToken = credential.accessToken
 
   if (shouldRefresh) {
-    logger.info(`[${requestId}] Token expired, attempting to refresh for credential`)
+    logger.info(`[${requestId}] Refreshing token for credential`)
     try {
       const refreshedToken = await refreshOAuthToken(
         credential.providerId,
@@ -227,11 +249,15 @@ export async function refreshAccessTokenIfNeeded(
           userId: credential.userId,
           hasRefreshToken: !!credential.refreshToken,
         })
+        if (!accessTokenNeedsRefresh && accessToken) {
+          logger.info(`[${requestId}] Proactive refresh failed but access token still valid`)
+          return accessToken
+        }
         return null
       }
 
       // Prepare update data
-      const updateData: any = {
+      const updateData: Record<string, unknown> = {
         accessToken: refreshedToken.accessToken,
         accessTokenExpiresAt: new Date(Date.now() + refreshedToken.expiresIn * 1000),
         updatedAt: new Date(),
@@ -243,6 +269,10 @@ export async function refreshAccessTokenIfNeeded(
         updateData.refreshToken = refreshedToken.refreshToken
       }
 
+      if (isMicrosoftProvider(credential.providerId)) {
+        updateData.refreshTokenExpiresAt = getMicrosoftRefreshTokenExpiry()
+      }
+
       // Update the token in the database
       await db.update(account).set(updateData).where(eq(account.id, credentialId))
 
@@ -256,6 +286,10 @@ export async function refreshAccessTokenIfNeeded(
         credentialId,
         userId: credential.userId,
       })
+      if (!accessTokenNeedsRefresh && accessToken) {
+        logger.info(`[${requestId}] Proactive refresh failed but access token still valid`)
+        return accessToken
+      }
       return null
     }
   } else if (!accessToken) {
@@ -277,10 +311,27 @@ export async function refreshTokenIfNeeded(
   credentialId: string
 ): Promise<{ accessToken: string; refreshed: boolean }> {
   // Decide if we should refresh: token missing OR expired
-  const expiresAt = credential.accessTokenExpiresAt
+  const accessTokenExpiresAt = credential.accessTokenExpiresAt
+  const refreshTokenExpiresAt = credential.refreshTokenExpiresAt
   const now = new Date()
-  const shouldRefresh =
-    !!credential.refreshToken && (!credential.accessToken || (expiresAt && expiresAt <= now))
+
+  // Check if access token needs refresh (missing or expired)
+  const accessTokenNeedsRefresh =
+    !!credential.refreshToken &&
+    (!credential.accessToken || (accessTokenExpiresAt && accessTokenExpiresAt <= now))
+
+  // Check if we should proactively refresh to prevent refresh token expiry
+  // This applies to Microsoft providers whose refresh tokens expire after 90 days of inactivity
+  const proactiveRefreshThreshold = new Date(
+    now.getTime() + PROACTIVE_REFRESH_THRESHOLD_DAYS * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000
+  )
+  const refreshTokenNeedsProactiveRefresh =
+    !!credential.refreshToken &&
+    isMicrosoftProvider(credential.providerId) &&
+    refreshTokenExpiresAt &&
+    refreshTokenExpiresAt <= proactiveRefreshThreshold
+
+  const shouldRefresh = accessTokenNeedsRefresh || refreshTokenNeedsProactiveRefresh
 
   // If token appears valid and present, return it directly
   if (!shouldRefresh) {
@@ -293,13 +344,17 @@ export async function refreshTokenIfNeeded(
 
     if (!refreshResult) {
       logger.error(`[${requestId}] Failed to refresh token for credential`)
+      if (!accessTokenNeedsRefresh && credential.accessToken) {
+        logger.info(`[${requestId}] Proactive refresh failed but access token still valid`)
+        return { accessToken: credential.accessToken, refreshed: false }
+      }
       throw new Error('Failed to refresh token')
     }
 
     const { accessToken: refreshedToken, expiresIn, refreshToken: newRefreshToken } = refreshResult
 
     // Prepare update data
-    const updateData: any = {
+    const updateData: Record<string, unknown> = {
       accessToken: refreshedToken,
       accessTokenExpiresAt: new Date(Date.now() + expiresIn * 1000), // Use provider's expiry
       updatedAt: new Date(),
@@ -311,6 +366,10 @@ export async function refreshTokenIfNeeded(
       updateData.refreshToken = newRefreshToken
     }
 
+    if (isMicrosoftProvider(credential.providerId)) {
+      updateData.refreshTokenExpiresAt = getMicrosoftRefreshTokenExpiry()
+    }
+
     await db.update(account).set(updateData).where(eq(account.id, credentialId))
 
     logger.info(`[${requestId}] Successfully refreshed access token`)
@@ -331,6 +390,11 @@ export async function refreshTokenIfNeeded(
       }
     }
 
+    if (!accessTokenNeedsRefresh && credential.accessToken) {
+      logger.info(`[${requestId}] Proactive refresh failed but access token still valid`)
+      return { accessToken: credential.accessToken, refreshed: false }
+    }
+
     logger.error(`[${requestId}] Refresh failed and no valid token found in DB`, error)
     throw error
   }

apps/sim/app/api/auth/reset-password/route.ts

@@ -15,7 +15,8 @@ const resetPasswordSchema = z.object({
     .max(100, 'Password must not exceed 100 characters')
     .regex(/[A-Z]/, 'Password must contain at least one uppercase letter')
     .regex(/[a-z]/, 'Password must contain at least one lowercase letter')
-    .regex(/[0-9]/, 'Password must contain at least one number'),
+    .regex(/[0-9]/, 'Password must contain at least one number')
+    .regex(/[^A-Za-z0-9]/, 'Password must contain at least one special character'),
 })
 
 export async function POST(request: NextRequest) {

apps/sim/app/api/form/[identifier]/route.ts

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import { preprocessExecution } from '@/lib/execution/preprocessing'
 import { LoggingSession } from '@/lib/logs/execution/logging-session'
 import { normalizeInputFormatValue } from '@/lib/workflows/input-format'
 import { createStreamingResponse } from '@/lib/workflows/streaming/streaming'
-import { isValidStartBlockType } from '@/lib/workflows/triggers/start-block-types'
+import { isInputDefinitionTrigger } from '@/lib/workflows/triggers/input-definition-triggers'
 import { setFormAuthCookie, validateFormAuth } from '@/app/api/form/utils'
 import { createErrorResponse, createSuccessResponse } from '@/app/api/workflows/utils'
 
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ async function getWorkflowInputSchema(workflowId: string): Promise<any[]> {
       .from(workflowBlocks)
       .where(eq(workflowBlocks.workflowId, workflowId))
 
-    const startBlock = blocks.find((block) => isValidStartBlockType(block.type))
+    const startBlock = blocks.find((block) => isInputDefinitionTrigger(block.type))
 
     if (!startBlock) {
       return []

apps/sim/app/api/function/execute/route.test.ts

@@ -276,8 +276,11 @@ describe('Function Execute API Route', () => {
     it.concurrent('should resolve tag variables with <tag_name> syntax', async () => {
       const req = createMockRequest('POST', {
         code: 'return <email>',
-        params: {
-          email: { id: '123', subject: 'Test Email' },
+        blockData: {
+          'block-123': { id: '123', subject: 'Test Email' },
+        },
+        blockNameMapping: {
+          email: 'block-123',
         },
       })
 
@@ -305,9 +308,13 @@ describe('Function Execute API Route', () => {
     it.concurrent('should only match valid variable names in angle brackets', async () => {
       const req = createMockRequest('POST', {
         code: 'return <validVar> + "<invalid@email.com>" + <another_valid>',
-        params: {
-          validVar: 'hello',
-          another_valid: 'world',
+        blockData: {
+          'block-1': 'hello',
+          'block-2': 'world',
+        },
+        blockNameMapping: {
+          validvar: 'block-1',
+          another_valid: 'block-2',
         },
       })
 
@@ -321,28 +328,22 @@ describe('Function Execute API Route', () => {
     it.concurrent(
       'should handle Gmail webhook data with email addresses containing angle brackets',
       async () => {
-        const gmailData = {
-          email: {
-            id: '123',
-            from: 'Waleed Latif <waleed@sim.ai>',
-            to: 'User <user@example.com>',
-            subject: 'Test Email',
-            bodyText: 'Hello world',
-          },
-          rawEmail: {
-            id: '123',
-            payload: {
-              headers: [
-                { name: 'From', value: 'Waleed Latif <waleed@sim.ai>' },
-                { name: 'To', value: 'User <user@example.com>' },
-              ],
-            },
-          },
+        const emailData = {
+          id: '123',
+          from: 'Waleed Latif <waleed@sim.ai>',
+          to: 'User <user@example.com>',
+          subject: 'Test Email',
+          bodyText: 'Hello world',
         }
 
         const req = createMockRequest('POST', {
           code: 'return <email>',
-          params: gmailData,
+          blockData: {
+            'block-email': emailData,
+          },
+          blockNameMapping: {
+            email: 'block-email',
+          },
         })
 
         const response = await POST(req)
@@ -356,17 +357,20 @@ describe('Function Execute API Route', () => {
     it.concurrent(
       'should properly serialize complex email objects with special characters',
       async () => {
-        const complexEmailData = {
-          email: {
-            from: 'Test User <test@example.com>',
-            bodyHtml: '<div>HTML content with "quotes" and \'apostrophes\'</div>',
-            bodyText: 'Text with\nnewlines\tand\ttabs',
-          },
+        const emailData = {
+          from: 'Test User <test@example.com>',
+          bodyHtml: '<div>HTML content with "quotes" and \'apostrophes\'</div>',
+          bodyText: 'Text with\nnewlines\tand\ttabs',
         }
 
         const req = createMockRequest('POST', {
           code: 'return <email>',
-          params: complexEmailData,
+          blockData: {
+            'block-email': emailData,
+          },
+          blockNameMapping: {
+            email: 'block-email',
+          },
         })
 
         const response = await POST(req)
@@ -519,18 +523,23 @@ describe('Function Execute API Route', () => {
     })
 
     it.concurrent('should handle JSON serialization edge cases', async () => {
+      const complexData = {
+        special: 'chars"with\'quotes',
+        unicode: '🎉 Unicode content',
+        nested: {
+          deep: {
+            value: 'test',
+          },
+        },
+      }
+
       const req = createMockRequest('POST', {
         code: 'return <complexData>',
-        params: {
-          complexData: {
-            special: 'chars"with\'quotes',
-            unicode: '🎉 Unicode content',
-            nested: {
-              deep: {
-                value: 'test',
-              },
-            },
-          },
+        blockData: {
+          'block-complex': complexData,
+        },
+        blockNameMapping: {
+          complexdata: 'block-complex',
         },
       })
 

apps/sim/app/api/function/execute/route.ts

@@ -6,10 +6,10 @@ import { executeInE2B } from '@/lib/execution/e2b'
 import { executeInIsolatedVM } from '@/lib/execution/isolated-vm'
 import { CodeLanguage, DEFAULT_CODE_LANGUAGE, isValidCodeLanguage } from '@/lib/execution/languages'
 import { escapeRegExp, normalizeName, REFERENCE } from '@/executor/constants'
+import { type OutputSchema, resolveBlockReference } from '@/executor/utils/block-reference'
 import {
   createEnvVarPattern,
   createWorkflowVariablePattern,
-  resolveEnvVarReferences,
 } from '@/executor/utils/reference-validation'
 export const dynamic = 'force-dynamic'
 export const runtime = 'nodejs'
@@ -18,8 +18,8 @@ export const MAX_DURATION = 210
 
 const logger = createLogger('FunctionExecuteAPI')
 
-const E2B_JS_WRAPPER_LINES = 3 // Lines before user code: ';(async () => {', '  try {', '    const __sim_result = await (async () => {'
-const E2B_PYTHON_WRAPPER_LINES = 1 // Lines before user code: 'def __sim_main__():'
+const E2B_JS_WRAPPER_LINES = 3
+const E2B_PYTHON_WRAPPER_LINES = 1
 
 type TypeScriptModule = typeof import('typescript')
 
@@ -134,33 +134,21 @@ function extractEnhancedError(
   if (error.stack) {
     enhanced.stack = error.stack
 
-    // Parse stack trace to extract line and column information
-    // Handle both compilation errors and runtime errors
     const stackLines: string[] = error.stack.split('\n')
 
     for (const line of stackLines) {
-      // Pattern 1: Compilation errors - "user-function.js:6"
       let match = line.match(/user-function\.js:(\d+)(?::(\d+))?/)
 
-      // Pattern 2: Runtime errors - "at user-function.js:5:12"
       if (!match) {
         match = line.match(/at\s+user-function\.js:(\d+):(\d+)/)
       }
 
-      // Pattern 3: Generic patterns for any line containing our filename
-      if (!match) {
-        match = line.match(/user-function\.js:(\d+)(?::(\d+))?/)
-      }
-
       if (match) {
         const stackLine = Number.parseInt(match[1], 10)
         const stackColumn = match[2] ? Number.parseInt(match[2], 10) : undefined
 
-        // Adjust line number to account for wrapper code
-        // The user code starts at a specific line in our wrapper
         const adjustedLine = stackLine - userCodeStartLine + 1
 
-        // Check if this is a syntax error in wrapper code caused by incomplete user code
         const isWrapperSyntaxError =
           stackLine > userCodeStartLine &&
           error.name === 'SyntaxError' &&
@@ -168,7 +156,6 @@ function extractEnhancedError(
             error.message.includes('Unexpected end of input'))
 
         if (isWrapperSyntaxError && userCode) {
-          // Map wrapper syntax errors to the last line of user code
           const codeLines = userCode.split('\n')
           const lastUserLine = codeLines.length
           enhanced.line = lastUserLine
@@ -181,7 +168,6 @@ function extractEnhancedError(
           enhanced.line = adjustedLine
           enhanced.column = stackColumn
 
-          // Extract the actual line content from user code
           if (userCode) {
             const codeLines = userCode.split('\n')
             if (adjustedLine <= codeLines.length) {
@@ -192,7 +178,6 @@ function extractEnhancedError(
         }
 
         if (stackLine <= userCodeStartLine) {
-          // Error is in wrapper code itself
           enhanced.line = stackLine
           enhanced.column = stackColumn
           break
@@ -200,7 +185,6 @@ function extractEnhancedError(
       }
     }
 
-    // Clean up stack trace to show user-relevant information
     const cleanedStackLines: string[] = stackLines
       .filter(
         (line: string) =>
@@ -214,9 +198,6 @@ function extractEnhancedError(
     }
   }
 
-  // Keep original message without adding error type prefix
-  // The error type will be added later in createUserFriendlyErrorMessage
-
   return enhanced
 }
 
@@ -231,7 +212,6 @@ function formatE2BError(
   userCode: string,
   prologueLineCount: number
 ): { formattedError: string; cleanedOutput: string } {
-  // Calculate line offset based on language and prologue
   const wrapperLines =
     language === CodeLanguage.Python ? E2B_PYTHON_WRAPPER_LINES : E2B_JS_WRAPPER_LINES
   const totalOffset = prologueLineCount + wrapperLines
@@ -241,27 +221,20 @@ function formatE2BError(
   let cleanErrorMsg = ''
 
   if (language === CodeLanguage.Python) {
-    // Python error format: "Cell In[X], line Y" followed by error details
-    // Extract line number from the Cell reference
     const cellMatch = errorOutput.match(/Cell In\[\d+\], line (\d+)/)
     if (cellMatch) {
       const originalLine = Number.parseInt(cellMatch[1], 10)
       userLine = originalLine - totalOffset
     }
 
-    // Extract clean error message from the error string
-    // Remove file references like "(detected at line X) (file.py, line Y)"
     cleanErrorMsg = errorMessage
       .replace(/\s*\(detected at line \d+\)/g, '')
       .replace(/\s*\([^)]+\.py, line \d+\)/g, '')
       .trim()
   } else if (language === CodeLanguage.JavaScript) {
-    // JavaScript error format from E2B: "SyntaxError: /path/file.ts: Message. (line:col)\n\n   9 | ..."
-    // First, extract the error type and message from the first line
     const firstLineEnd = errorMessage.indexOf('\n')
     const firstLine = firstLineEnd > 0 ? errorMessage.substring(0, firstLineEnd) : errorMessage
 
-    // Parse: "SyntaxError: /home/user/index.ts: Missing semicolon. (11:9)"
     const jsErrorMatch = firstLine.match(/^(\w+Error):\s*[^:]+:\s*([^(]+)\.\s*\((\d+):(\d+)\)/)
     if (jsErrorMatch) {
       cleanErrorType = jsErrorMatch[1]
@@ -269,13 +242,11 @@ function formatE2BError(
       const originalLine = Number.parseInt(jsErrorMatch[3], 10)
       userLine = originalLine - totalOffset
     } else {
-      // Fallback: look for line number in the arrow pointer line (> 11 |)
       const arrowMatch = errorMessage.match(/^>\s*(\d+)\s*\|/m)
       if (arrowMatch) {
         const originalLine = Number.parseInt(arrowMatch[1], 10)
         userLine = originalLine - totalOffset
       }
-      // Try to extract error type and message
       const errorMatch = firstLine.match(/^(\w+Error):\s*(.+)/)
       if (errorMatch) {
         cleanErrorType = errorMatch[1]
@@ -289,13 +260,11 @@ function formatE2BError(
     }
   }
 
-  // Build the final clean error message
   const finalErrorMsg =
     cleanErrorType && cleanErrorMsg
       ? `${cleanErrorType}: ${cleanErrorMsg}`
       : cleanErrorMsg || errorMessage
 
-  // Format with line number if available
   let formattedError = finalErrorMsg
   if (userLine && userLine > 0) {
     const codeLines = userCode.split('\n')
@@ -311,7 +280,6 @@ function formatE2BError(
     }
   }
 
-  // For stdout, just return the clean error message without the full traceback
   const cleanedOutput = finalErrorMsg
 
   return { formattedError, cleanedOutput }
@@ -327,7 +295,6 @@ function createUserFriendlyErrorMessage(
 ): string {
   let errorMessage = enhanced.message
 
-  // Add line information if available
   if (enhanced.line !== undefined) {
     let lineInfo = `Line ${enhanced.line}`
 
@@ -338,18 +305,14 @@ function createUserFriendlyErrorMessage(
 
     errorMessage = `${lineInfo} - ${errorMessage}`
   } else {
-    // If no line number, try to extract it from stack trace for display
     if (enhanced.stack) {
       const stackMatch = enhanced.stack.match(/user-function\.js:(\d+)(?::(\d+))?/)
       if (stackMatch) {
         const line = Number.parseInt(stackMatch[1], 10)
         let lineInfo = `Line ${line}`
 
-        // Try to get line content if we have userCode
         if (userCode) {
           const codeLines = userCode.split('\n')
-          // Note: stackMatch gives us VM line number, need to adjust
-          // This is a fallback case, so we might not have perfect line mapping
           if (line <= codeLines.length) {
             const lineContent = codeLines[line - 1]?.trim()
             if (lineContent) {
@@ -363,7 +326,6 @@ function createUserFriendlyErrorMessage(
     }
   }
 
-  // Add error type prefix with consistent naming
   if (enhanced.name !== 'Error') {
     const errorTypePrefix =
       enhanced.name === 'SyntaxError'
@@ -374,7 +336,6 @@ function createUserFriendlyErrorMessage(
             ? 'Reference Error'
             : enhanced.name
 
-    // Only add prefix if not already present
     if (!errorMessage.toLowerCase().includes(errorTypePrefix.toLowerCase())) {
       errorMessage = `${errorTypePrefix}: ${errorMessage}`
     }
@@ -383,9 +344,6 @@ function createUserFriendlyErrorMessage(
   return errorMessage
 }
 
-/**
- * Resolves workflow variables with <variable.name> syntax
- */
 function resolveWorkflowVariables(
   code: string,
   workflowVariables: Record<string, any>,
@@ -405,39 +363,35 @@ function resolveWorkflowVariables(
   while ((match = regex.exec(code)) !== null) {
     const variableName = match[1].trim()
 
-    // Find the variable by name (workflowVariables is indexed by ID, values are variable objects)
     const foundVariable = Object.entries(workflowVariables).find(
       ([_, variable]) => normalizeName(variable.name || '') === variableName
     )
 
-    let variableValue: unknown = ''
-    if (foundVariable) {
-      const variable = foundVariable[1]
-      variableValue = variable.value
+    if (!foundVariable) {
+      const availableVars = Object.values(workflowVariables)
+        .map((v) => v.name)
+        .filter(Boolean)
+      throw new Error(
+        `Variable "${variableName}" doesn't exist.` +
+          (availableVars.length > 0 ? ` Available: ${availableVars.join(', ')}` : '')
+      )
+    }
 
-      if (variable.value !== undefined && variable.value !== null) {
+    const variable = foundVariable[1]
+    let variableValue: unknown = variable.value
+
+    if (variable.value !== undefined && variable.value !== null) {
+      const type = variable.type === 'string' ? 'plain' : variable.type
+
+      if (type === 'number') {
+        variableValue = Number(variableValue)
+      } else if (type === 'boolean') {
+        variableValue = variableValue === 'true' || variableValue === true
+      } else if (type === 'json' && typeof variableValue === 'string') {
         try {
-          // Handle 'string' type the same as 'plain' for backward compatibility
-          const type = variable.type === 'string' ? 'plain' : variable.type
-
-          // For plain text, use exactly what's entered without modifications
-          if (type === 'plain' && typeof variableValue === 'string') {
-            // Use as-is for plain text
-          } else if (type === 'number') {
-            variableValue = Number(variableValue)
-          } else if (type === 'boolean') {
-            variableValue = variableValue === 'true' || variableValue === true
-          } else if (type === 'json') {
-            try {
-              variableValue =
-                typeof variableValue === 'string' ? JSON.parse(variableValue) : variableValue
-            } catch {
-              // Keep original value if JSON parsing fails
-            }
-          }
+          variableValue = JSON.parse(variableValue)
         } catch {
-          // Fallback to original value on error
-          variableValue = variable.value
+          // Keep as-is
         }
       }
     }
@@ -450,11 +404,9 @@ function resolveWorkflowVariables(
     })
   }
 
-  // Process replacements in reverse order to maintain correct indices
   for (let i = replacements.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
     const { match: matchStr, index, variableName, variableValue } = replacements[i]
 
-    // Use variable reference approach
     const safeVarName = `__variable_${variableName.replace(/[^a-zA-Z0-9_]/g, '_')}`
     contextVariables[safeVarName] = variableValue
     resolvedCode =
@@ -464,9 +416,6 @@ function resolveWorkflowVariables(
   return resolvedCode
 }
 
-/**
- * Resolves environment variables with {{var_name}} syntax
- */
 function resolveEnvironmentVariables(
   code: string,
   params: Record<string, any>,
@@ -482,32 +431,28 @@ function resolveEnvironmentVariables(
 
   const resolverVars: Record<string, string> = {}
   Object.entries(params).forEach(([key, value]) => {
-    if (value) {
+    if (value !== undefined && value !== null) {
       resolverVars[key] = String(value)
     }
   })
   Object.entries(envVars).forEach(([key, value]) => {
-    if (value) {
+    if (value !== undefined && value !== null) {
       resolverVars[key] = value
     }
   })
 
   while ((match = regex.exec(code)) !== null) {
     const varName = match[1].trim()
-    const resolved = resolveEnvVarReferences(match[0], resolverVars, {
-      allowEmbedded: true,
-      resolveExactMatch: true,
-      trimKeys: true,
-      onMissing: 'empty',
-      deep: false,
-    })
-    const varValue =
-      typeof resolved === 'string' ? resolved : resolved == null ? '' : String(resolved)
+
+    if (!(varName in resolverVars)) {
+      continue
+    }
+
     replacements.push({
       match: match[0],
       index: match.index,
       varName,
-      varValue: String(varValue),
+      varValue: resolverVars[varName],
     })
   }
 
@@ -523,64 +468,59 @@ function resolveEnvironmentVariables(
   return resolvedCode
 }
 
-/**
- * Resolves tags with <tag_name> syntax (including nested paths like <block.response.data>)
- */
 function resolveTagVariables(
   code: string,
-  params: Record<string, any>,
-  blockData: Record<string, any>,
+  blockData: Record<string, unknown>,
   blockNameMapping: Record<string, string>,
-  contextVariables: Record<string, any>
+  blockOutputSchemas: Record<string, OutputSchema>,
+  contextVariables: Record<string, unknown>,
+  language = 'javascript'
 ): string {
   let resolvedCode = code
+  const undefinedLiteral = language === 'python' ? 'None' : 'undefined'
 
   const tagPattern = new RegExp(
-    `${REFERENCE.START}([a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_${REFERENCE.PATH_DELIMITER}]*[a-zA-Z0-9_])${REFERENCE.END}`,
+    `${REFERENCE.START}([a-zA-Z_](?:[a-zA-Z0-9_${REFERENCE.PATH_DELIMITER}]*[a-zA-Z0-9_])?)${REFERENCE.END}`,
     'g'
   )
   const tagMatches = resolvedCode.match(tagPattern) || []
 
   for (const match of tagMatches) {
     const tagName = match.slice(REFERENCE.START.length, -REFERENCE.END.length).trim()
+    const pathParts = tagName.split(REFERENCE.PATH_DELIMITER)
+    const blockName = pathParts[0]
+    const fieldPath = pathParts.slice(1)
 
-    // Handle nested paths like "getrecord.response.data" or "function1.response.result"
-    // First try params, then blockData directly, then try with block name mapping
-    let tagValue = getNestedValue(params, tagName) || getNestedValue(blockData, tagName) || ''
+    const result = resolveBlockReference(blockName, fieldPath, {
+      blockNameMapping,
+      blockData,
+      blockOutputSchemas,
+    })
 
-    // If not found and the path starts with a block name, try mapping the block name to ID
-    if (!tagValue && tagName.includes(REFERENCE.PATH_DELIMITER)) {
-      const pathParts = tagName.split(REFERENCE.PATH_DELIMITER)
-      const normalizedBlockName = pathParts[0] // This should already be normalized like "function1"
+    if (!result) {
+      continue
+    }
 
-      // Direct lookup using normalized block name
-      const blockId = blockNameMapping[normalizedBlockName] ?? null
+    let tagValue = result.value
 
-      if (blockId) {
-        const remainingPath = pathParts.slice(1).join('.')
-        const fullPath = `${blockId}.${remainingPath}`
-        tagValue = getNestedValue(blockData, fullPath) || ''
+    if (tagValue === undefined) {
+      resolvedCode = resolvedCode.replace(new RegExp(escapeRegExp(match), 'g'), undefinedLiteral)
+      continue
+    }
+
+    if (typeof tagValue === 'string') {
+      const trimmed = tagValue.trimStart()
+      if (trimmed.startsWith('{') || trimmed.startsWith('[')) {
+        try {
+          tagValue = JSON.parse(tagValue)
+        } catch {
+          // Keep as string if not valid JSON
+        }
       }
     }
 
-    // If the value is a stringified JSON, parse it back to object
-    if (
-      typeof tagValue === 'string' &&
-      tagValue.length > 100 &&
-      (tagValue.startsWith('{') || tagValue.startsWith('['))
-    ) {
-      try {
-        tagValue = JSON.parse(tagValue)
-      } catch (e) {
-        // Keep as string if parsing fails
-      }
-    }
-
-    // Instead of injecting large JSON directly, create a variable reference
-    const safeVarName = `__tag_${tagName.replace(/[^a-zA-Z0-9_]/g, '_')}`
+    const safeVarName = `__tag_${tagName.replace(/_/g, '_1').replace(/\./g, '_0')}`
     contextVariables[safeVarName] = tagValue
-
-    // Replace the template with a variable reference
     resolvedCode = resolvedCode.replace(new RegExp(escapeRegExp(match), 'g'), safeVarName)
   }
 
@@ -596,44 +536,31 @@ function resolveTagVariables(
  */
 function resolveCodeVariables(
   code: string,
-  params: Record<string, any>,
+  params: Record<string, unknown>,
   envVars: Record<string, string> = {},
-  blockData: Record<string, any> = {},
+  blockData: Record<string, unknown> = {},
   blockNameMapping: Record<string, string> = {},
-  workflowVariables: Record<string, any> = {}
-): { resolvedCode: string; contextVariables: Record<string, any> } {
+  blockOutputSchemas: Record<string, OutputSchema> = {},
+  workflowVariables: Record<string, unknown> = {},
+  language = 'javascript'
+): { resolvedCode: string; contextVariables: Record<string, unknown> } {
   let resolvedCode = code
-  const contextVariables: Record<string, any> = {}
+  const contextVariables: Record<string, unknown> = {}
 
-  // Resolve workflow variables with <variable.name> syntax first
   resolvedCode = resolveWorkflowVariables(resolvedCode, workflowVariables, contextVariables)
-
-  // Resolve environment variables with {{var_name}} syntax
   resolvedCode = resolveEnvironmentVariables(resolvedCode, params, envVars, contextVariables)
-
-  // Resolve tags with <tag_name> syntax (including nested paths like <block.response.data>)
   resolvedCode = resolveTagVariables(
     resolvedCode,
-    params,
     blockData,
     blockNameMapping,
-    contextVariables
+    blockOutputSchemas,
+    contextVariables,
+    language
   )
 
   return { resolvedCode, contextVariables }
 }
 
-/**
- * Get nested value from object using dot notation path
- */
-function getNestedValue(obj: any, path: string): any {
-  if (!obj || !path) return undefined
-
-  return path.split('.').reduce((current, key) => {
-    return current && typeof current === 'object' ? current[key] : undefined
-  }, obj)
-}
-
 /**
  * Remove one trailing newline from stdout
  * This handles the common case where print() or console.log() adds a trailing \n
@@ -666,12 +593,12 @@ export async function POST(req: NextRequest) {
       envVars = {},
       blockData = {},
       blockNameMapping = {},
+      blockOutputSchemas = {},
       workflowVariables = {},
       workflowId,
       isCustomTool = false,
     } = body
 
-    // Extract internal parameters that shouldn't be passed to the execution context
     const executionParams = { ...params }
     executionParams._context = undefined
 
@@ -683,21 +610,21 @@ export async function POST(req: NextRequest) {
       isCustomTool,
     })
 
-    // Resolve variables in the code with workflow environment variables
+    const lang = isValidCodeLanguage(language) ? language : DEFAULT_CODE_LANGUAGE
+
     const codeResolution = resolveCodeVariables(
       code,
       executionParams,
       envVars,
       blockData,
       blockNameMapping,
-      workflowVariables
+      blockOutputSchemas,
+      workflowVariables,
+      lang
     )
     resolvedCode = codeResolution.resolvedCode
     const contextVariables = codeResolution.contextVariables
 
-    const lang = isValidCodeLanguage(language) ? language : DEFAULT_CODE_LANGUAGE
-
-    // Extract imports once for JavaScript code (reuse later to avoid double extraction)
     let jsImports = ''
     let jsRemainingCode = resolvedCode
     let hasImports = false
@@ -707,31 +634,22 @@ export async function POST(req: NextRequest) {
       jsImports = extractionResult.imports
       jsRemainingCode = extractionResult.remainingCode
 
-      // Check for ES6 imports or CommonJS require statements
-      // ES6 imports are extracted by the TypeScript parser
-      // Also check for require() calls which indicate external dependencies
       const hasRequireStatements = /require\s*\(\s*['"`]/.test(resolvedCode)
       hasImports = jsImports.trim().length > 0 || hasRequireStatements
     }
 
-    // Python always requires E2B
     if (lang === CodeLanguage.Python && !isE2bEnabled) {
       throw new Error(
         'Python execution requires E2B to be enabled. Please contact your administrator to enable E2B, or use JavaScript instead.'
       )
     }
 
-    // JavaScript with imports requires E2B
     if (lang === CodeLanguage.JavaScript && hasImports && !isE2bEnabled) {
       throw new Error(
         'JavaScript code with import statements requires E2B to be enabled. Please remove the import statements, or contact your administrator to enable E2B.'
       )
     }
 
-    // Use E2B if:
-    // - E2B is enabled AND
-    // - Not a custom tool AND
-    // - (Python OR JavaScript with imports)
     const useE2B =
       isE2bEnabled &&
       !isCustomTool &&
@@ -744,13 +662,10 @@ export async function POST(req: NextRequest) {
         language: lang,
       })
       let prologue = ''
-      const epilogue = ''
 
       if (lang === CodeLanguage.JavaScript) {
-        // Track prologue lines for error adjustment
         let prologueLineCount = 0
 
-        // Reuse the imports we already extracted earlier
         const imports = jsImports
         const remainingCode = jsRemainingCode
 
@@ -765,7 +680,11 @@ export async function POST(req: NextRequest) {
         prologue += `const environmentVariables = JSON.parse(${JSON.stringify(JSON.stringify(envVars))});\n`
         prologueLineCount++
         for (const [k, v] of Object.entries(contextVariables)) {
-          prologue += `const ${k} = JSON.parse(${JSON.stringify(JSON.stringify(v))});\n`
+          if (v === undefined) {
+            prologue += `const ${k} = undefined;\n`
+          } else {
+            prologue += `const ${k} = JSON.parse(${JSON.stringify(JSON.stringify(v))});\n`
+          }
           prologueLineCount++
         }
 
@@ -782,7 +701,7 @@ export async function POST(req: NextRequest) {
           '  }',
           '})();',
         ].join('\n')
-        const codeForE2B = importSection + prologue + wrapped + epilogue
+        const codeForE2B = importSection + prologue + wrapped
 
         const execStart = Date.now()
         const {
@@ -804,7 +723,6 @@ export async function POST(req: NextRequest) {
           error: e2bError,
         })
 
-        // If there was an execution error, format it properly
         if (e2bError) {
           const { formattedError, cleanedOutput } = formatE2BError(
             e2bError,
@@ -828,7 +746,7 @@ export async function POST(req: NextRequest) {
           output: { result: e2bResult ?? null, stdout: cleanStdout(stdout), executionTime },
         })
       }
-      // Track prologue lines for error adjustment
+
       let prologueLineCount = 0
       prologue += 'import json\n'
       prologueLineCount++
@@ -837,7 +755,11 @@ export async function POST(req: NextRequest) {
       prologue += `environmentVariables = json.loads(${JSON.stringify(JSON.stringify(envVars))})\n`
       prologueLineCount++
       for (const [k, v] of Object.entries(contextVariables)) {
-        prologue += `${k} = json.loads(${JSON.stringify(JSON.stringify(v))})\n`
+        if (v === undefined) {
+          prologue += `${k} = None\n`
+        } else {
+          prologue += `${k} = json.loads(${JSON.stringify(JSON.stringify(v))})\n`
+        }
         prologueLineCount++
       }
       const wrapped = [
@@ -846,7 +768,7 @@ export async function POST(req: NextRequest) {
         '__sim_result__ = __sim_main__()',
         "print('__SIM_RESULT__=' + json.dumps(__sim_result__))",
       ].join('\n')
-      const codeForE2B = prologue + wrapped + epilogue
+      const codeForE2B = prologue + wrapped
 
       const execStart = Date.now()
       const {
@@ -868,7 +790,6 @@ export async function POST(req: NextRequest) {
         error: e2bError,
       })
 
-      // If there was an execution error, format it properly
       if (e2bError) {
         const { formattedError, cleanedOutput } = formatE2BError(
           e2bError,
@@ -897,7 +818,6 @@ export async function POST(req: NextRequest) {
 
     const wrapperLines = ['(async () => {', '  try {']
     if (isCustomTool) {
-      wrapperLines.push('    // For custom tools, make parameters directly accessible')
       Object.keys(executionParams).forEach((key) => {
         wrapperLines.push(`    const ${key} = params.${key};`)
       })
@@ -931,12 +851,10 @@ export async function POST(req: NextRequest) {
       })
 
       const ivmError = isolatedResult.error
-      // Adjust line number for prepended param destructuring in custom tools
       let adjustedLine = ivmError.line
       let adjustedLineContent = ivmError.lineContent
       if (prependedLineCount > 0 && ivmError.line !== undefined) {
         adjustedLine = Math.max(1, ivmError.line - prependedLineCount)
-        // Get line content from original user code, not the prepended code
         const codeLines = resolvedCode.split('\n')
         if (adjustedLine <= codeLines.length) {
           adjustedLineContent = codeLines[adjustedLine - 1]?.trim()

apps/sim/app/api/knowledge/[id]/documents/route.test.ts

@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ describe('Knowledge Base Documents API Route', () => {
       expect(vi.mocked(getDocuments)).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
         'kb-123',
         {
-          includeDisabled: false,
+          enabledFilter: undefined,
           search: undefined,
           limit: 50,
           offset: 0,
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ describe('Knowledge Base Documents API Route', () => {
       )
     })
 
-    it('should filter disabled documents by default', async () => {
+    it('should return documents with default filter', async () => {
       const { checkKnowledgeBaseAccess } = await import('@/app/api/knowledge/utils')
       const { getDocuments } = await import('@/lib/knowledge/documents/service')
 
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ describe('Knowledge Base Documents API Route', () => {
       expect(vi.mocked(getDocuments)).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
         'kb-123',
         {
-          includeDisabled: false,
+          enabledFilter: undefined,
           search: undefined,
           limit: 50,
           offset: 0,
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ describe('Knowledge Base Documents API Route', () => {
       )
     })
 
-    it('should include disabled documents when requested', async () => {
+    it('should filter documents by enabled status when requested', async () => {
       const { checkKnowledgeBaseAccess } = await import('@/app/api/knowledge/utils')
       const { getDocuments } = await import('@/lib/knowledge/documents/service')
 
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ describe('Knowledge Base Documents API Route', () => {
         },
       })
 
-      const url = 'http://localhost:3000/api/knowledge/kb-123/documents?includeDisabled=true'
+      const url = 'http://localhost:3000/api/knowledge/kb-123/documents?enabledFilter=disabled'
       const req = new Request(url, { method: 'GET' }) as any
 
       const { GET } = await import('@/app/api/knowledge/[id]/documents/route')
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ describe('Knowledge Base Documents API Route', () => {
       expect(vi.mocked(getDocuments)).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
         'kb-123',
         {
-          includeDisabled: true,
+          enabledFilter: 'disabled',
           search: undefined,
           limit: 50,
           offset: 0,
@@ -361,8 +361,7 @@ describe('Knowledge Base Documents API Route', () => {
       expect(vi.mocked(createSingleDocument)).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
         validDocumentData,
         'kb-123',
-        expect.any(String),
-        'user-123'
+        expect.any(String)
       )
     })
 
@@ -470,8 +469,7 @@ describe('Knowledge Base Documents API Route', () => {
       expect(vi.mocked(createDocumentRecords)).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
         validBulkData.documents,
         'kb-123',
-        expect.any(String),
-        'user-123'
+        expect.any(String)
       )
       expect(vi.mocked(processDocumentsWithQueue)).toHaveBeenCalled()
     })

apps/sim/app/api/knowledge/[id]/documents/route.ts

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import { z } from 'zod'
 import { getSession } from '@/lib/auth'
 import {
   bulkDocumentOperation,
+  bulkDocumentOperationByFilter,
   createDocumentRecords,
   createSingleDocument,
   getDocuments,
@@ -57,13 +58,20 @@ const BulkCreateDocumentsSchema = z.object({
   bulk: z.literal(true),
 })
 
-const BulkUpdateDocumentsSchema = z.object({
-  operation: z.enum(['enable', 'disable', 'delete']),
-  documentIds: z
-    .array(z.string())
-    .min(1, 'At least one document ID is required')
-    .max(100, 'Cannot operate on more than 100 documents at once'),
-})
+const BulkUpdateDocumentsSchema = z
+  .object({
+    operation: z.enum(['enable', 'disable', 'delete']),
+    documentIds: z
+      .array(z.string())
+      .min(1, 'At least one document ID is required')
+      .max(100, 'Cannot operate on more than 100 documents at once')
+      .optional(),
+    selectAll: z.boolean().optional(),
+    enabledFilter: z.enum(['all', 'enabled', 'disabled']).optional(),
+  })
+  .refine((data) => data.selectAll || (data.documentIds && data.documentIds.length > 0), {
+    message: 'Either selectAll must be true or documentIds must be provided',
+  })
 
 export async function GET(req: NextRequest, { params }: { params: Promise<{ id: string }> }) {
   const requestId = randomUUID().slice(0, 8)
@@ -90,14 +98,17 @@ export async function GET(req: NextRequest, { params }: { params: Promise<{ id:
     }
 
     const url = new URL(req.url)
-    const includeDisabled = url.searchParams.get('includeDisabled') === 'true'
+    const enabledFilter = url.searchParams.get('enabledFilter') as
+      | 'all'
+      | 'enabled'
+      | 'disabled'
+      | null
     const search = url.searchParams.get('search') || undefined
     const limit = Number.parseInt(url.searchParams.get('limit') || '50')
     const offset = Number.parseInt(url.searchParams.get('offset') || '0')
     const sortByParam = url.searchParams.get('sortBy')
     const sortOrderParam = url.searchParams.get('sortOrder')
 
-    // Validate sort parameters
     const validSortFields: DocumentSortField[] = [
       'filename',
       'fileSize',
@@ -105,6 +116,7 @@ export async function GET(req: NextRequest, { params }: { params: Promise<{ id:
       'chunkCount',
       'uploadedAt',
       'processingStatus',
+      'enabled',
     ]
     const validSortOrders: SortOrder[] = ['asc', 'desc']
 
@@ -120,7 +132,7 @@ export async function GET(req: NextRequest, { params }: { params: Promise<{ id:
     const result = await getDocuments(
       knowledgeBaseId,
       {
-        includeDisabled,
+        enabledFilter: enabledFilter || undefined,
         search,
         limit,
         offset,
@@ -190,8 +202,7 @@ export async function POST(req: NextRequest, { params }: { params: Promise<{ id:
         const createdDocuments = await createDocumentRecords(
           validatedData.documents,
           knowledgeBaseId,
-          requestId,
-          userId
+          requestId
         )
 
         logger.info(
@@ -250,16 +261,10 @@ export async function POST(req: NextRequest, { params }: { params: Promise<{ id:
         throw validationError
       }
     } else {
-      // Handle single document creation
       try {
         const validatedData = CreateDocumentSchema.parse(body)
 
-        const newDocument = await createSingleDocument(
-          validatedData,
-          knowledgeBaseId,
-          requestId,
-          userId
-        )
+        const newDocument = await createSingleDocument(validatedData, knowledgeBaseId, requestId)
 
         try {
           const { PlatformEvents } = await import('@/lib/core/telemetry')
@@ -294,7 +299,6 @@ export async function POST(req: NextRequest, { params }: { params: Promise<{ id:
   } catch (error) {
     logger.error(`[${requestId}] Error creating document`, error)
 
-    // Check if it's a storage limit error
     const errorMessage = error instanceof Error ? error.message : 'Failed to create document'
     const isStorageLimitError =
       errorMessage.includes('Storage limit exceeded') || errorMessage.includes('storage limit')
@@ -331,16 +335,22 @@ export async function PATCH(req: NextRequest, { params }: { params: Promise<{ id
 
     try {
       const validatedData = BulkUpdateDocumentsSchema.parse(body)
-      const { operation, documentIds } = validatedData
+      const { operation, documentIds, selectAll, enabledFilter } = validatedData
 
       try {
-        const result = await bulkDocumentOperation(
-          knowledgeBaseId,
-          operation,
-          documentIds,
-          requestId,
-          session.user.id
-        )
+        let result
+        if (selectAll) {
+          result = await bulkDocumentOperationByFilter(
+            knowledgeBaseId,
+            operation,
+            enabledFilter,
+            requestId
+          )
+        } else if (documentIds && documentIds.length > 0) {
+          result = await bulkDocumentOperation(knowledgeBaseId, operation, documentIds, requestId)
+        } else {
+          return NextResponse.json({ error: 'No documents specified' }, { status: 400 })
+        }
 
         return NextResponse.json({
           success: true,

apps/sim/app/api/v1/admin/credits/route.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
+/**
+ * POST /api/v1/admin/credits
+ *
+ * Issue credits to a user by user ID or email.
+ *
+ * Body:
+ *   - userId?: string - The user ID to issue credits to
+ *   - email?: string - The user email to issue credits to (alternative to userId)
+ *   - amount: number - The amount of credits to issue (in dollars)
+ *   - reason?: string - Reason for issuing credits (for audit logging)
+ *
+ * Response: AdminSingleResponse<{
+ *   success: true,
+ *   entityType: 'user' | 'organization',
+ *   entityId: string,
+ *   amount: number,
+ *   newCreditBalance: number,
+ *   newUsageLimit: number,
+ * }>
+ *
+ * For Pro users: credits are added to user_stats.credit_balance
+ * For Team users: credits are added to organization.credit_balance
+ * Usage limits are updated accordingly to allow spending the credits.
+ */
+
+import { db } from '@sim/db'
+import { organization, subscription, user, userStats } from '@sim/db/schema'
+import { createLogger } from '@sim/logger'
+import { and, eq } from 'drizzle-orm'
+import { nanoid } from 'nanoid'
+import { getHighestPrioritySubscription } from '@/lib/billing/core/subscription'
+import { addCredits } from '@/lib/billing/credits/balance'
+import { setUsageLimitForCredits } from '@/lib/billing/credits/purchase'
+import { getEffectiveSeats } from '@/lib/billing/subscriptions/utils'
+import { withAdminAuth } from '@/app/api/v1/admin/middleware'
+import {
+  badRequestResponse,
+  internalErrorResponse,
+  notFoundResponse,
+  singleResponse,
+} from '@/app/api/v1/admin/responses'
+
+const logger = createLogger('AdminCreditsAPI')
+
+export const POST = withAdminAuth(async (request) => {
+  try {
+    const body = await request.json()
+    const { userId, email, amount, reason } = body
+
+    if (!userId && !email) {
+      return badRequestResponse('Either userId or email is required')
+    }
+
+    if (typeof amount !== 'number' || !Number.isFinite(amount) || amount <= 0) {
+      return badRequestResponse('amount must be a positive number')
+    }
+
+    let resolvedUserId: string
+    let userEmail: string | null = null
+
+    if (userId) {
+      const [userData] = await db
+        .select({ id: user.id, email: user.email })
+        .from(user)
+        .where(eq(user.id, userId))
+        .limit(1)
+
+      if (!userData) {
+        return notFoundResponse('User')
+      }
+      resolvedUserId = userData.id
+      userEmail = userData.email
+    } else {
+      const normalizedEmail = email.toLowerCase().trim()
+      const [userData] = await db
+        .select({ id: user.id, email: user.email })
+        .from(user)
+        .where(eq(user.email, normalizedEmail))
+        .limit(1)
+
+      if (!userData) {
+        return notFoundResponse('User with email')
+      }
+      resolvedUserId = userData.id
+      userEmail = userData.email
+    }
+
+    const userSubscription = await getHighestPrioritySubscription(resolvedUserId)
+
+    if (!userSubscription || !['pro', 'team', 'enterprise'].includes(userSubscription.plan)) {
+      return badRequestResponse(
+        'User must have an active Pro, Team, or Enterprise subscription to receive credits'
+      )
+    }
+
+    let entityType: 'user' | 'organization'
+    let entityId: string
+    const plan = userSubscription.plan
+    let seats: number | null = null
+
+    if (plan === 'team' || plan === 'enterprise') {
+      entityType = 'organization'
+      entityId = userSubscription.referenceId
+
+      const [orgExists] = await db
+        .select({ id: organization.id })
+        .from(organization)
+        .where(eq(organization.id, entityId))
+        .limit(1)
+
+      if (!orgExists) {
+        return notFoundResponse('Organization')
+      }
+
+      const [subData] = await db
+        .select()
+        .from(subscription)
+        .where(and(eq(subscription.referenceId, entityId), eq(subscription.status, 'active')))
+        .limit(1)
+
+      seats = getEffectiveSeats(subData)
+    } else {
+      entityType = 'user'
+      entityId = resolvedUserId
+
+      const [existingStats] = await db
+        .select({ id: userStats.id })
+        .from(userStats)
+        .where(eq(userStats.userId, entityId))
+        .limit(1)
+
+      if (!existingStats) {
+        await db.insert(userStats).values({
+          id: nanoid(),
+          userId: entityId,
+        })
+      }
+    }
+
+    await addCredits(entityType, entityId, amount)
+
+    let newCreditBalance: number
+    if (entityType === 'organization') {
+      const [orgData] = await db
+        .select({ creditBalance: organization.creditBalance })
+        .from(organization)
+        .where(eq(organization.id, entityId))
+        .limit(1)
+      newCreditBalance = Number.parseFloat(orgData?.creditBalance || '0')
+    } else {
+      const [stats] = await db
+        .select({ creditBalance: userStats.creditBalance })
+        .from(userStats)
+        .where(eq(userStats.userId, entityId))
+        .limit(1)
+      newCreditBalance = Number.parseFloat(stats?.creditBalance || '0')
+    }
+
+    await setUsageLimitForCredits(entityType, entityId, plan, seats, newCreditBalance)
+
+    let newUsageLimit: number
+    if (entityType === 'organization') {
+      const [orgData] = await db
+        .select({ orgUsageLimit: organization.orgUsageLimit })
+        .from(organization)
+        .where(eq(organization.id, entityId))
+        .limit(1)
+      newUsageLimit = Number.parseFloat(orgData?.orgUsageLimit || '0')
+    } else {
+      const [stats] = await db
+        .select({ currentUsageLimit: userStats.currentUsageLimit })
+        .from(userStats)
+        .where(eq(userStats.userId, entityId))
+        .limit(1)
+      newUsageLimit = Number.parseFloat(stats?.currentUsageLimit || '0')
+    }
+
+    logger.info('Admin API: Issued credits', {
+      resolvedUserId,
+      userEmail,
+      entityType,
+      entityId,
+      amount,
+      newCreditBalance,
+      newUsageLimit,
+      reason: reason || 'No reason provided',
+    })
+
+    return singleResponse({
+      success: true,
+      userId: resolvedUserId,
+      userEmail,
+      entityType,
+      entityId,
+      amount,
+      newCreditBalance,
+      newUsageLimit,
+    })
+  } catch (error) {
+    logger.error('Admin API: Failed to issue credits', { error })
+    return internalErrorResponse('Failed to issue credits')
+  }
+})

apps/sim/app/api/v1/admin/index.ts

@@ -63,6 +63,9 @@
  *   GET    /api/v1/admin/subscriptions/:id                  - Get subscription details
  *   DELETE /api/v1/admin/subscriptions/:id                  - Cancel subscription (?atPeriodEnd=true for scheduled)
  *
+ *   Credits:
+ *   POST   /api/v1/admin/credits                            - Issue credits to user (by userId or email)
+ *
  *   Access Control (Permission Groups):
  *   GET    /api/v1/admin/access-control                     - List permission groups (?organizationId=X)
  *   DELETE /api/v1/admin/access-control                     - Delete permission groups for org (?organizationId=X)

apps/sim/app/changelog/components/branded-link.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+'use client'
+
+import Link from 'next/link'
+import { useBrandedButtonClass } from '@/hooks/use-branded-button-class'
+
+interface BrandedLinkProps {
+  href: string
+  children: React.ReactNode
+  className?: string
+  target?: string
+  rel?: string
+}
+
+export function BrandedLink({ href, children, className = '', target, rel }: BrandedLinkProps) {
+  const buttonClass = useBrandedButtonClass()
+
+  return (
+    <Link
+      href={href}
+      target={target}
+      rel={rel}
+      className={`${buttonClass} group inline-flex items-center justify-center gap-2 rounded-[10px] py-[6px] pr-[10px] pl-[12px] text-[15px] text-white transition-all ${className}`}
+    >
+      {children}
+    </Link>
+  )
+}

apps/sim/app/changelog/components/changelog-content.tsx

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { BookOpen, Github, Rss } from 'lucide-react'
 import Link from 'next/link'
 import { inter } from '@/app/_styles/fonts/inter/inter'
 import { soehne } from '@/app/_styles/fonts/soehne/soehne'
+import { BrandedLink } from '@/app/changelog/components/branded-link'
 import ChangelogList from '@/app/changelog/components/timeline-list'
 
 export interface ChangelogEntry {
@@ -66,25 +67,24 @@ export default async function ChangelogContent() {
             <hr className='mt-6 border-border' />
 
             <div className='mt-6 flex flex-wrap items-center gap-3 text-sm'>
-              <Link
+              <BrandedLink
                 href='https://github.com/simstudioai/sim/releases'
                 target='_blank'
                 rel='noopener noreferrer'
-                className='group inline-flex items-center justify-center gap-2 rounded-[10px] border border-[#6F3DFA] bg-gradient-to-b from-[#8357FF] to-[#6F3DFA] py-[6px] pr-[10px] pl-[12px] text-[14px] text-white shadow-[inset_0_2px_4px_0_#9B77FF] transition-all sm:text-[16px]'
               >
                 <Github className='h-4 w-4' />
                 View on GitHub
-              </Link>
+              </BrandedLink>
               <Link
                 href='https://docs.sim.ai'
-                className='inline-flex items-center gap-2 rounded-md border border-border px-3 py-1.5 hover:bg-muted'
+                className='inline-flex items-center gap-2 rounded-[10px] border border-border py-[6px] pr-[10px] pl-[12px] text-[15px] transition-all hover:bg-muted'
               >
                 <BookOpen className='h-4 w-4' />
                 Documentation
               </Link>
               <Link
                 href='/changelog.xml'
-                className='inline-flex items-center gap-2 rounded-md border border-border px-3 py-1.5 hover:bg-muted'
+                className='inline-flex items-center gap-2 rounded-[10px] border border-border py-[6px] pr-[10px] pl-[12px] text-[15px] transition-all hover:bg-muted'
               >
                 <Rss className='h-4 w-4' />
                 RSS Feed

apps/sim/app/chat/[identifier]/chat.tsx

@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ export default function ChatClient({ identifier }: { identifier: string }) {
   const [error, setError] = useState<string | null>(null)
   const messagesEndRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null)
   const messagesContainerRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null)
-  const [starCount, setStarCount] = useState('25.1k')
+  const [starCount, setStarCount] = useState('25.8k')
   const [conversationId, setConversationId] = useState('')
 
   const [showScrollButton, setShowScrollButton] = useState(false)

apps/sim/app/templates/components/template-card.tsx

@@ -207,7 +207,6 @@ function TemplateCardInner({
             isPannable={false}
             defaultZoom={0.8}
             fitPadding={0.2}
-            lightweight
           />
         ) : (
           <div className='h-full w-full bg-[var(--surface-4)]' />

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/knowledge/[id]/[documentId]/components/edit-chunk-modal/edit-chunk-modal.tsx

@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ export function EditChunkModal({
   const [showUnsavedChangesAlert, setShowUnsavedChangesAlert] = useState(false)
   const [pendingNavigation, setPendingNavigation] = useState<(() => void) | null>(null)
   const [tokenizerOn, setTokenizerOn] = useState(false)
+  const [hoveredTokenIndex, setHoveredTokenIndex] = useState<number | null>(null)
   const textareaRef = useRef<HTMLTextAreaElement>(null)
 
   const error = mutationError?.message ?? null
@@ -254,6 +255,8 @@ export function EditChunkModal({
                         style={{
                           backgroundColor: getTokenBgColor(index),
                         }}
+                        onMouseEnter={() => setHoveredTokenIndex(index)}
+                        onMouseLeave={() => setHoveredTokenIndex(null)}
                       >
                         {token}
                       </span>
@@ -281,6 +284,11 @@ export function EditChunkModal({
                 <div className='flex items-center gap-[8px]'>
                   <span className='text-[12px] text-[var(--text-secondary)]'>Tokenizer</span>
                   <Switch checked={tokenizerOn} onCheckedChange={setTokenizerOn} />
+                  {tokenizerOn && hoveredTokenIndex !== null && (
+                    <span className='text-[12px] text-[var(--text-tertiary)]'>
+                      Token #{hoveredTokenIndex + 1}
+                    </span>
+                  )}
                 </div>
                 <span className='text-[12px] text-[var(--text-secondary)]'>
                   {tokenCount.toLocaleString()}

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/knowledge/[id]/[documentId]/document.tsx

@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ import {
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input'
 import { SearchHighlight } from '@/components/ui/search-highlight'
 import { Skeleton } from '@/components/ui/skeleton'
+import { formatAbsoluteDate, formatRelativeTime } from '@/lib/core/utils/formatting'
 import type { ChunkData } from '@/lib/knowledge/types'
 import {
   ChunkContextMenu,
@@ -58,55 +59,6 @@ import {
 
 const logger = createLogger('Document')
 
-/**
- * Formats a date string to relative time (e.g., "2h ago", "3d ago")
- */
-function formatRelativeTime(dateString: string): string {
-  const date = new Date(dateString)
-  const now = new Date()
-  const diffInSeconds = Math.floor((now.getTime() - date.getTime()) / 1000)
-
-  if (diffInSeconds < 60) {
-    return 'just now'
-  }
-  if (diffInSeconds < 3600) {
-    const minutes = Math.floor(diffInSeconds / 60)
-    return `${minutes}m ago`
-  }
-  if (diffInSeconds < 86400) {
-    const hours = Math.floor(diffInSeconds / 3600)
-    return `${hours}h ago`
-  }
-  if (diffInSeconds < 604800) {
-    const days = Math.floor(diffInSeconds / 86400)
-    return `${days}d ago`
-  }
-  if (diffInSeconds < 2592000) {
-    const weeks = Math.floor(diffInSeconds / 604800)
-    return `${weeks}w ago`
-  }
-  if (diffInSeconds < 31536000) {
-    const months = Math.floor(diffInSeconds / 2592000)
-    return `${months}mo ago`
-  }
-  const years = Math.floor(diffInSeconds / 31536000)
-  return `${years}y ago`
-}
-
-/**
- * Formats a date string to absolute format for tooltip display
- */
-function formatAbsoluteDate(dateString: string): string {
-  const date = new Date(dateString)
-  return date.toLocaleDateString('en-US', {
-    year: 'numeric',
-    month: 'short',
-    day: 'numeric',
-    hour: '2-digit',
-    minute: '2-digit',
-  })
-}
-
 interface DocumentProps {
   knowledgeBaseId: string
   documentId: string
@@ -304,7 +256,6 @@ export function Document({
 
   const [searchQuery, setSearchQuery] = useState('')
   const [debouncedSearchQuery, setDebouncedSearchQuery] = useState('')
-  const [isSearching, setIsSearching] = useState(false)
 
   const {
     chunks: initialChunks,
@@ -344,7 +295,6 @@ export function Document({
     const handler = setTimeout(() => {
       startTransition(() => {
         setDebouncedSearchQuery(searchQuery)
-        setIsSearching(searchQuery.trim().length > 0)
       })
     }, 200)
 
@@ -353,6 +303,7 @@ export function Document({
     }
   }, [searchQuery])
 
+  const isSearching = debouncedSearchQuery.trim().length > 0
   const showingSearch = isSearching && searchQuery.trim().length > 0 && searchResults.length > 0
   const SEARCH_PAGE_SIZE = 50
   const maxSearchPages = Math.ceil(searchResults.length / SEARCH_PAGE_SIZE)

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/knowledge/[id]/base.tsx

@@ -27,6 +27,10 @@ import {
   ModalContent,
   ModalFooter,
   ModalHeader,
+  Popover,
+  PopoverContent,
+  PopoverItem,
+  PopoverTrigger,
   Table,
   TableBody,
   TableCell,
@@ -40,8 +44,11 @@ import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input'
 import { SearchHighlight } from '@/components/ui/search-highlight'
 import { Skeleton } from '@/components/ui/skeleton'
 import { cn } from '@/lib/core/utils/cn'
+import { formatAbsoluteDate, formatRelativeTime } from '@/lib/core/utils/formatting'
+import { ALL_TAG_SLOTS, type AllTagSlot, getFieldTypeForSlot } from '@/lib/knowledge/constants'
 import type { DocumentSortField, SortOrder } from '@/lib/knowledge/documents/types'
 import type { DocumentData } from '@/lib/knowledge/types'
+import { formatFileSize } from '@/lib/uploads/utils/file-utils'
 import {
   ActionBar,
   AddDocumentsModal,
@@ -189,8 +196,8 @@ function KnowledgeBaseLoading({ knowledgeBaseName }: KnowledgeBaseLoadingProps)
             </div>
           </div>
 
-          <div className='mt-[4px]'>
-            <Skeleton className='h-[21px] w-[300px] rounded-[4px]' />
+          <div>
+            <Skeleton className='mt-[4px] h-[21px] w-[300px] rounded-[4px]' />
           </div>
 
           <div className='mt-[16px] flex items-center gap-[8px]'>
@@ -208,9 +215,12 @@ function KnowledgeBaseLoading({ knowledgeBaseName }: KnowledgeBaseLoadingProps)
                 className='flex-1 border-0 bg-transparent px-0 font-medium text-[var(--text-secondary)] text-small leading-none placeholder:text-[var(--text-subtle)] focus-visible:ring-0 focus-visible:ring-offset-0'
               />
             </div>
-            <Button disabled variant='tertiary' className='h-[32px] rounded-[6px]'>
-              Add Documents
-            </Button>
+            <div className='flex items-center gap-[8px]'>
+              <Skeleton className='h-[32px] w-[52px] rounded-[6px]' />
+              <Button disabled variant='tertiary' className='h-[32px] rounded-[6px]'>
+                Add Documents
+              </Button>
+            </div>
           </div>
 
           <div className='mt-[12px] flex flex-1 flex-col overflow-hidden'>
@@ -222,73 +232,11 @@ function KnowledgeBaseLoading({ knowledgeBaseName }: KnowledgeBaseLoadingProps)
   )
 }
 
-/**
- * Formats a date string to relative time (e.g., "2h ago", "3d ago")
- */
-function formatRelativeTime(dateString: string): string {
-  const date = new Date(dateString)
-  const now = new Date()
-  const diffInSeconds = Math.floor((now.getTime() - date.getTime()) / 1000)
-
-  if (diffInSeconds < 60) {
-    return 'just now'
-  }
-  if (diffInSeconds < 3600) {
-    const minutes = Math.floor(diffInSeconds / 60)
-    return `${minutes}m ago`
-  }
-  if (diffInSeconds < 86400) {
-    const hours = Math.floor(diffInSeconds / 3600)
-    return `${hours}h ago`
-  }
-  if (diffInSeconds < 604800) {
-    const days = Math.floor(diffInSeconds / 86400)
-    return `${days}d ago`
-  }
-  if (diffInSeconds < 2592000) {
-    const weeks = Math.floor(diffInSeconds / 604800)
-    return `${weeks}w ago`
-  }
-  if (diffInSeconds < 31536000) {
-    const months = Math.floor(diffInSeconds / 2592000)
-    return `${months}mo ago`
-  }
-  const years = Math.floor(diffInSeconds / 31536000)
-  return `${years}y ago`
-}
-
-/**
- * Formats a date string to absolute format for tooltip display
- */
-function formatAbsoluteDate(dateString: string): string {
-  const date = new Date(dateString)
-  return date.toLocaleDateString('en-US', {
-    year: 'numeric',
-    month: 'short',
-    day: 'numeric',
-    hour: '2-digit',
-    minute: '2-digit',
-  })
-}
-
 interface KnowledgeBaseProps {
   id: string
   knowledgeBaseName?: string
 }
 
-function getFileIcon(mimeType: string, filename: string) {
-  const IconComponent = getDocumentIcon(mimeType, filename)
-  return <IconComponent className='h-6 w-5 flex-shrink-0' />
-}
-
-function formatFileSize(bytes: number): string {
-  if (bytes === 0) return '0 Bytes'
-  const k = 1024
-  const sizes = ['Bytes', 'KB', 'MB', 'GB']
-  const i = Math.floor(Math.log(bytes) / Math.log(k))
-  return `${Number.parseFloat((bytes / k ** i).toFixed(2))} ${sizes[i]}`
-}
-
 const AnimatedLoader = ({ className }: { className?: string }) => (
   <Loader2 className={cn(className, 'animate-spin')} />
 )
@@ -336,53 +284,24 @@ const getStatusBadge = (doc: DocumentData) => {
   }
 }
 
-const TAG_SLOTS = [
-  'tag1',
-  'tag2',
-  'tag3',
-  'tag4',
-  'tag5',
-  'tag6',
-  'tag7',
-  'number1',
-  'number2',
-  'number3',
-  'number4',
-  'number5',
-  'date1',
-  'date2',
-  'boolean1',
-  'boolean2',
-  'boolean3',
-] as const
-
-type TagSlot = (typeof TAG_SLOTS)[number]
-
 interface TagValue {
-  slot: TagSlot
+  slot: AllTagSlot
   displayName: string
   value: string
 }
 
-const TAG_FIELD_TYPES: Record<string, string> = {
-  tag: 'text',
-  number: 'number',
-  date: 'date',
-  boolean: 'boolean',
-}
-
 /**
  * Computes tag values for a document
  */
 function getDocumentTags(doc: DocumentData, definitions: TagDefinition[]): TagValue[] {
   const result: TagValue[] = []
 
-  for (const slot of TAG_SLOTS) {
+  for (const slot of ALL_TAG_SLOTS) {
     const raw = doc[slot]
     if (raw == null) continue
 
     const def = definitions.find((d) => d.tagSlot === slot)
-    const fieldType = def?.fieldType || TAG_FIELD_TYPES[slot.replace(/\d+$/, '')] || 'text'
+    const fieldType = def?.fieldType || getFieldTypeForSlot(slot) || 'text'
 
     let value: string
     if (fieldType === 'date') {
@@ -424,6 +343,8 @@ export function KnowledgeBase({
 
   const [searchQuery, setSearchQuery] = useState('')
   const [showTagsModal, setShowTagsModal] = useState(false)
+  const [enabledFilter, setEnabledFilter] = useState<'all' | 'enabled' | 'disabled'>('all')
+  const [isFilterPopoverOpen, setIsFilterPopoverOpen] = useState(false)
 
   /**
    * Memoize the search query setter to prevent unnecessary re-renders
@@ -434,6 +355,7 @@ export function KnowledgeBase({
   }, [])
 
   const [selectedDocuments, setSelectedDocuments] = useState<Set<string>>(new Set())
+  const [isSelectAllMode, setIsSelectAllMode] = useState(false)
   const [showDeleteDialog, setShowDeleteDialog] = useState(false)
   const [showAddDocumentsModal, setShowAddDocumentsModal] = useState(false)
   const [showDeleteDocumentModal, setShowDeleteDocumentModal] = useState(false)
@@ -460,7 +382,6 @@ export function KnowledgeBase({
     error: knowledgeBaseError,
     refresh: refreshKnowledgeBase,
   } = useKnowledgeBase(id)
-  const [hasProcessingDocuments, setHasProcessingDocuments] = useState(false)
 
   const {
     documents,
@@ -469,6 +390,7 @@ export function KnowledgeBase({
     isFetching: isFetchingDocuments,
     isPlaceholderData: isPlaceholderDocuments,
     error: documentsError,
+    hasProcessingDocuments,
     updateDocument,
     refreshDocuments,
   } = useKnowledgeBaseDocuments(id, {
@@ -477,7 +399,14 @@ export function KnowledgeBase({
     offset: (currentPage - 1) * DOCUMENTS_PER_PAGE,
     sortBy,
     sortOrder,
-    refetchInterval: hasProcessingDocuments && !isDeleting ? 3000 : false,
+    refetchInterval: (data) => {
+      if (isDeleting) return false
+      const hasPending = data?.documents?.some(
+        (doc) => doc.processingStatus === 'pending' || doc.processingStatus === 'processing'
+      )
+      return hasPending ? 3000 : false
+    },
+    enabledFilter,
   })
 
   const { tagDefinitions } = useKnowledgeBaseTagDefinitions(id)
@@ -543,52 +472,52 @@ export function KnowledgeBase({
     </TableHead>
   )
 
-  useEffect(() => {
-    const processing = documents.some(
-      (doc) => doc.processingStatus === 'pending' || doc.processingStatus === 'processing'
-    )
-    setHasProcessingDocuments(processing)
-
-    if (processing) {
-      checkForDeadProcesses()
-    }
-  }, [documents])
-
   /**
    * Checks for documents with stale processing states and marks them as failed
    */
-  const checkForDeadProcesses = () => {
-    const now = new Date()
-    const DEAD_PROCESS_THRESHOLD_MS = 600 * 1000 // 10 minutes
+  const checkForDeadProcesses = useCallback(
+    (docsToCheck: DocumentData[]) => {
+      const now = new Date()
+      const DEAD_PROCESS_THRESHOLD_MS = 600 * 1000 // 10 minutes
 
-    const staleDocuments = documents.filter((doc) => {
-      if (doc.processingStatus !== 'processing' || !doc.processingStartedAt) {
-        return false
-      }
-
-      const processingDuration = now.getTime() - new Date(doc.processingStartedAt).getTime()
-      return processingDuration > DEAD_PROCESS_THRESHOLD_MS
-    })
-
-    if (staleDocuments.length === 0) return
-
-    logger.warn(`Found ${staleDocuments.length} documents with dead processes`)
-
-    staleDocuments.forEach((doc) => {
-      updateDocumentMutation(
-        {
-          knowledgeBaseId: id,
-          documentId: doc.id,
-          updates: { markFailedDueToTimeout: true },
-        },
-        {
-          onSuccess: () => {
-            logger.info(`Successfully marked dead process as failed for document: ${doc.filename}`)
-          },
+      const staleDocuments = docsToCheck.filter((doc) => {
+        if (doc.processingStatus !== 'processing' || !doc.processingStartedAt) {
+          return false
         }
-      )
-    })
-  }
+
+        const processingDuration = now.getTime() - new Date(doc.processingStartedAt).getTime()
+        return processingDuration > DEAD_PROCESS_THRESHOLD_MS
+      })
+
+      if (staleDocuments.length === 0) return
+
+      logger.warn(`Found ${staleDocuments.length} documents with dead processes`)
+
+      staleDocuments.forEach((doc) => {
+        updateDocumentMutation(
+          {
+            knowledgeBaseId: id,
+            documentId: doc.id,
+            updates: { markFailedDueToTimeout: true },
+          },
+          {
+            onSuccess: () => {
+              logger.info(
+                `Successfully marked dead process as failed for document: ${doc.filename}`
+              )
+            },
+          }
+        )
+      })
+    },
+    [id, updateDocumentMutation]
+  )
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (hasProcessingDocuments) {
+      checkForDeadProcesses(documents)
+    }
+  }, [hasProcessingDocuments, documents, checkForDeadProcesses])
 
   const handleToggleEnabled = (docId: string) => {
     const document = documents.find((doc) => doc.id === docId)
@@ -748,6 +677,7 @@ export function KnowledgeBase({
       setSelectedDocuments(new Set(documents.map((doc) => doc.id)))
     } else {
       setSelectedDocuments(new Set())
+      setIsSelectAllMode(false)
     }
   }
 
@@ -793,6 +723,26 @@ export function KnowledgeBase({
    * Handles bulk enabling of selected documents
    */
   const handleBulkEnable = () => {
+    if (isSelectAllMode) {
+      bulkDocumentMutation(
+        {
+          knowledgeBaseId: id,
+          operation: 'enable',
+          selectAll: true,
+          enabledFilter,
+        },
+        {
+          onSuccess: (result) => {
+            logger.info(`Successfully enabled ${result.successCount} documents`)
+            setSelectedDocuments(new Set())
+            setIsSelectAllMode(false)
+            refreshDocuments()
+          },
+        }
+      )
+      return
+    }
+
     const documentsToEnable = documents.filter(
       (doc) => selectedDocuments.has(doc.id) && !doc.enabled
     )
@@ -821,6 +771,26 @@ export function KnowledgeBase({
    * Handles bulk disabling of selected documents
    */
   const handleBulkDisable = () => {
+    if (isSelectAllMode) {
+      bulkDocumentMutation(
+        {
+          knowledgeBaseId: id,
+          operation: 'disable',
+          selectAll: true,
+          enabledFilter,
+        },
+        {
+          onSuccess: (result) => {
+            logger.info(`Successfully disabled ${result.successCount} documents`)
+            setSelectedDocuments(new Set())
+            setIsSelectAllMode(false)
+            refreshDocuments()
+          },
+        }
+      )
+      return
+    }
+
     const documentsToDisable = documents.filter(
       (doc) => selectedDocuments.has(doc.id) && doc.enabled
     )
@@ -845,18 +815,35 @@ export function KnowledgeBase({
     )
   }
 
-  /**
-   * Opens the bulk delete confirmation modal
-   */
   const handleBulkDelete = () => {
     if (selectedDocuments.size === 0) return
     setShowBulkDeleteModal(true)
   }
 
-  /**
-   * Confirms and executes the bulk deletion of selected documents
-   */
   const confirmBulkDelete = () => {
+    if (isSelectAllMode) {
+      bulkDocumentMutation(
+        {
+          knowledgeBaseId: id,
+          operation: 'delete',
+          selectAll: true,
+          enabledFilter,
+        },
+        {
+          onSuccess: (result) => {
+            logger.info(`Successfully deleted ${result.successCount} documents`)
+            refreshDocuments()
+            setSelectedDocuments(new Set())
+            setIsSelectAllMode(false)
+          },
+          onSettled: () => {
+            setShowBulkDeleteModal(false)
+          },
+        }
+      )
+      return
+    }
+
     const documentsToDelete = documents.filter((doc) => selectedDocuments.has(doc.id))
 
     if (documentsToDelete.length === 0) return
@@ -881,14 +868,17 @@ export function KnowledgeBase({
   }
 
   const selectedDocumentsList = documents.filter((doc) => selectedDocuments.has(doc.id))
-  const enabledCount = selectedDocumentsList.filter((doc) => doc.enabled).length
-  const disabledCount = selectedDocumentsList.filter((doc) => !doc.enabled).length
+  const enabledCount = isSelectAllMode
+    ? enabledFilter === 'disabled'
+      ? 0
+      : pagination.total
+    : selectedDocumentsList.filter((doc) => doc.enabled).length
+  const disabledCount = isSelectAllMode
+    ? enabledFilter === 'enabled'
+      ? 0
+      : pagination.total
+    : selectedDocumentsList.filter((doc) => !doc.enabled).length
 
-  /**
-   * Handle right-click on a document row
-   * If right-clicking on an unselected document, select only that document
-   * If right-clicking on a selected document with multiple selections, keep all selections
-   */
   const handleDocumentContextMenu = useCallback(
     (e: React.MouseEvent, doc: DocumentData) => {
       const isCurrentlySelected = selectedDocuments.has(doc.id)
@@ -1005,11 +995,13 @@ export function KnowledgeBase({
             </div>
           </div>
 
-          {knowledgeBase?.description && (
-            <p className='mt-[4px] line-clamp-2 max-w-[40vw] font-medium text-[14px] text-[var(--text-tertiary)]'>
-              {knowledgeBase.description}
-            </p>
-          )}
+          <div>
+            {knowledgeBase?.description && (
+              <p className='mt-[4px] line-clamp-2 max-w-[40vw] font-medium text-[14px] text-[var(--text-tertiary)]'>
+                {knowledgeBase.description}
+              </p>
+            )}
+          </div>
 
           <div className='mt-[16px] flex items-center gap-[8px]'>
             <span className='text-[14px] text-[var(--text-muted)]'>
@@ -1052,21 +1044,76 @@ export function KnowledgeBase({
                 ))}
             </div>
 
-            <Tooltip.Root>
-              <Tooltip.Trigger asChild>
-                <Button
-                  onClick={handleAddDocuments}
-                  disabled={userPermissions.canEdit !== true}
-                  variant='tertiary'
-                  className='h-[32px] rounded-[6px]'
-                >
-                  Add Documents
-                </Button>
-              </Tooltip.Trigger>
-              {userPermissions.canEdit !== true && (
-                <Tooltip.Content>Write permission required to add documents</Tooltip.Content>
-              )}
-            </Tooltip.Root>
+            <div className='flex items-center gap-[8px]'>
+              <Popover open={isFilterPopoverOpen} onOpenChange={setIsFilterPopoverOpen}>
+                <PopoverTrigger asChild>
+                  <Button variant='default' className='h-[32px] rounded-[6px]'>
+                    {enabledFilter === 'all'
+                      ? 'All'
+                      : enabledFilter === 'enabled'
+                        ? 'Enabled'
+                        : 'Disabled'}
+                    <ChevronDown className='ml-2 h-4 w-4 text-muted-foreground' />
+                  </Button>
+                </PopoverTrigger>
+                <PopoverContent align='end' side='bottom' sideOffset={4}>
+                  <div className='flex flex-col gap-[2px]'>
+                    <PopoverItem
+                      active={enabledFilter === 'all'}
+                      onClick={() => {
+                        setEnabledFilter('all')
+                        setIsFilterPopoverOpen(false)
+                        setCurrentPage(1)
+                        setSelectedDocuments(new Set())
+                        setIsSelectAllMode(false)
+                      }}
+                    >
+                      All
+                    </PopoverItem>
+                    <PopoverItem
+                      active={enabledFilter === 'enabled'}
+                      onClick={() => {
+                        setEnabledFilter('enabled')
+                        setIsFilterPopoverOpen(false)
+                        setCurrentPage(1)
+                        setSelectedDocuments(new Set())
+                        setIsSelectAllMode(false)
+                      }}
+                    >
+                      Enabled
+                    </PopoverItem>
+                    <PopoverItem
+                      active={enabledFilter === 'disabled'}
+                      onClick={() => {
+                        setEnabledFilter('disabled')
+                        setIsFilterPopoverOpen(false)
+                        setCurrentPage(1)
+                        setSelectedDocuments(new Set())
+                        setIsSelectAllMode(false)
+                      }}
+                    >
+                      Disabled
+                    </PopoverItem>
+                  </div>
+                </PopoverContent>
+              </Popover>
+
+              <Tooltip.Root>
+                <Tooltip.Trigger asChild>
+                  <Button
+                    onClick={handleAddDocuments}
+                    disabled={userPermissions.canEdit !== true}
+                    variant='tertiary'
+                    className='h-[32px] rounded-[6px]'
+                  >
+                    Add Documents
+                  </Button>
+                </Tooltip.Trigger>
+                {userPermissions.canEdit !== true && (
+                  <Tooltip.Content>Write permission required to add documents</Tooltip.Content>
+                )}
+              </Tooltip.Root>
+            </div>
           </div>
 
           {error && !isLoadingKnowledgeBase && (
@@ -1089,14 +1136,20 @@ export function KnowledgeBase({
               <div className='mt-[10px] flex h-64 items-center justify-center rounded-lg border border-muted-foreground/25 bg-muted/20'>
                 <div className='text-center'>
                   <p className='font-medium text-[var(--text-secondary)] text-sm'>
-                    {searchQuery ? 'No documents found' : 'No documents yet'}
+                    {searchQuery
+                      ? 'No documents found'
+                      : enabledFilter !== 'all'
+                        ? 'Nothing matches your filter'
+                        : 'No documents yet'}
                   </p>
                   <p className='mt-1 text-[var(--text-muted)] text-xs'>
                     {searchQuery
                       ? 'Try a different search term'
-                      : userPermissions.canEdit === true
-                        ? 'Add documents to get started'
-                        : 'Documents will appear here once added'}
+                      : enabledFilter !== 'all'
+                        ? 'Try changing the filter'
+                        : userPermissions.canEdit === true
+                          ? 'Add documents to get started'
+                          : 'Documents will appear here once added'}
                   </p>
                 </div>
               </div>
@@ -1120,7 +1173,7 @@ export function KnowledgeBase({
                     {renderSortableHeader('tokenCount', 'Tokens', 'hidden w-[8%] lg:table-cell')}
                     {renderSortableHeader('chunkCount', 'Chunks', 'w-[8%]')}
                     {renderSortableHeader('uploadedAt', 'Uploaded', 'w-[11%]')}
-                    {renderSortableHeader('processingStatus', 'Status', 'w-[10%]')}
+                    {renderSortableHeader('enabled', 'Status', 'w-[10%]')}
                     <TableHead className='w-[12%] px-[12px] py-[8px] text-[12px] text-[var(--text-secondary)]'>
                       Tags
                     </TableHead>
@@ -1164,7 +1217,10 @@ export function KnowledgeBase({
                         </TableCell>
                         <TableCell className='w-[180px] max-w-[180px] px-[12px] py-[8px]'>
                           <div className='flex min-w-0 items-center gap-[8px]'>
-                            {getFileIcon(doc.mimeType, doc.filename)}
+                            {(() => {
+                              const IconComponent = getDocumentIcon(doc.mimeType, doc.filename)
+                              return <IconComponent className='h-6 w-5 flex-shrink-0' />
+                            })()}
                             <Tooltip.Root>
                               <Tooltip.Trigger asChild>
                                 <span
@@ -1508,6 +1564,14 @@ export function KnowledgeBase({
         enabledCount={enabledCount}
         disabledCount={disabledCount}
         isLoading={isBulkOperating}
+        totalCount={pagination.total}
+        isAllPageSelected={isAllSelected}
+        isAllSelected={isSelectAllMode}
+        onSelectAll={() => setIsSelectAllMode(true)}
+        onClearSelectAll={() => {
+          setIsSelectAllMode(false)
+          setSelectedDocuments(new Set())
+        }}
       />
 
       <DocumentContextMenu

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/knowledge/[id]/components/action-bar/action-bar.tsx

@@ -13,6 +13,11 @@ interface ActionBarProps {
   disabledCount?: number
   isLoading?: boolean
   className?: string
+  totalCount?: number
+  isAllPageSelected?: boolean
+  isAllSelected?: boolean
+  onSelectAll?: () => void
+  onClearSelectAll?: () => void
 }
 
 export function ActionBar({
@@ -24,14 +29,21 @@ export function ActionBar({
   disabledCount = 0,
   isLoading = false,
   className,
+  totalCount = 0,
+  isAllPageSelected = false,
+  isAllSelected = false,
+  onSelectAll,
+  onClearSelectAll,
 }: ActionBarProps) {
   const userPermissions = useUserPermissionsContext()
 
-  if (selectedCount === 0) return null
+  if (selectedCount === 0 && !isAllSelected) return null
 
   const canEdit = userPermissions.canEdit
   const showEnableButton = disabledCount > 0 && onEnable && canEdit
   const showDisableButton = enabledCount > 0 && onDisable && canEdit
+  const showSelectAllOption =
+    isAllPageSelected && !isAllSelected && totalCount > selectedCount && onSelectAll
 
   return (
     <motion.div
@@ -43,7 +55,31 @@ export function ActionBar({
     >
       <div className='flex items-center gap-[8px] rounded-[10px] border border-[var(--border)] bg-[var(--surface-2)] px-[8px] py-[6px]'>
         <span className='px-[4px] text-[13px] text-[var(--text-secondary)]'>
-          {selectedCount} selected
+          {isAllSelected ? totalCount : selectedCount} selected
+          {showSelectAllOption && (
+            <>
+              {' · '}
+              <button
+                type='button'
+                onClick={onSelectAll}
+                className='text-[var(--brand-primary)] hover:underline'
+              >
+                Select all
+              </button>
+            </>
+          )}
+          {isAllSelected && onClearSelectAll && (
+            <>
+              {' · '}
+              <button
+                type='button'
+                onClick={onClearSelectAll}
+                className='text-[var(--brand-primary)] hover:underline'
+              >
+                Clear
+              </button>
+            </>
+          )}
         </span>
 
         <div className='flex items-center gap-[5px]'>

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/knowledge/[id]/components/rename-document-modal/rename-document-modal.tsx

@@ -123,7 +123,11 @@ export function RenameDocumentModal({
                 >
                   Cancel
                 </Button>
-                <Button variant='tertiary' type='submit' disabled={isSubmitting || !name?.trim()}>
+                <Button
+                  variant='tertiary'
+                  type='submit'
+                  disabled={isSubmitting || !name?.trim() || name.trim() === initialName}
+                >
                   {isSubmitting ? 'Renaming...' : 'Rename'}
                 </Button>
               </div>

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/knowledge/components/base-card/base-card.tsx

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 import { useCallback, useState } from 'react'
 import { useParams, useRouter } from 'next/navigation'
 import { Badge, DocumentAttachment, Tooltip } from '@/components/emcn'
+import { formatAbsoluteDate, formatRelativeTime } from '@/lib/core/utils/formatting'
 import { BaseTagsModal } from '@/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/knowledge/[id]/components'
 import { useUserPermissionsContext } from '@/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/providers/workspace-permissions-provider'
 import { useContextMenu } from '@/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/components/sidebar/hooks'
@@ -21,55 +22,6 @@ interface BaseCardProps {
   onDelete?: (id: string) => Promise<void>
 }
 
-/**
- * Formats a date string to relative time (e.g., "2h ago", "3d ago")
- */
-function formatRelativeTime(dateString: string): string {
-  const date = new Date(dateString)
-  const now = new Date()
-  const diffInSeconds = Math.floor((now.getTime() - date.getTime()) / 1000)
-
-  if (diffInSeconds < 60) {
-    return 'just now'
-  }
-  if (diffInSeconds < 3600) {
-    const minutes = Math.floor(diffInSeconds / 60)
-    return `${minutes}m ago`
-  }
-  if (diffInSeconds < 86400) {
-    const hours = Math.floor(diffInSeconds / 3600)
-    return `${hours}h ago`
-  }
-  if (diffInSeconds < 604800) {
-    const days = Math.floor(diffInSeconds / 86400)
-    return `${days}d ago`
-  }
-  if (diffInSeconds < 2592000) {
-    const weeks = Math.floor(diffInSeconds / 604800)
-    return `${weeks}w ago`
-  }
-  if (diffInSeconds < 31536000) {
-    const months = Math.floor(diffInSeconds / 2592000)
-    return `${months}mo ago`
-  }
-  const years = Math.floor(diffInSeconds / 31536000)
-  return `${years}y ago`
-}
-
-/**
- * Formats a date string to absolute format for tooltip display
- */
-function formatAbsoluteDate(dateString: string): string {
-  const date = new Date(dateString)
-  return date.toLocaleDateString('en-US', {
-    year: 'numeric',
-    month: 'short',
-    day: 'numeric',
-    hour: '2-digit',
-    minute: '2-digit',
-  })
-}
-
 /**
  * Skeleton placeholder for a knowledge base card
  */

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/knowledge/components/create-base-modal/create-base-modal.tsx

@@ -344,53 +344,51 @@ export function CreateBaseModal({ open, onOpenChange }: CreateBaseModalProps) {
                   <Textarea
                     id='description'
                     placeholder='Describe this knowledge base (optional)'
-                    rows={3}
+                    rows={4}
                     {...register('description')}
                     className={cn(errors.description && 'border-[var(--text-error)]')}
                   />
                 </div>
 
-                <div className='space-y-[12px] rounded-[6px] bg-[var(--surface-5)] px-[12px] py-[14px]'>
-                  <div className='grid grid-cols-2 gap-[12px]'>
-                    <div className='flex flex-col gap-[8px]'>
-                      <Label htmlFor='minChunkSize'>Min Chunk Size (characters)</Label>
-                      <Input
-                        id='minChunkSize'
-                        placeholder='100'
-                        {...register('minChunkSize', { valueAsNumber: true })}
-                        className={cn(errors.minChunkSize && 'border-[var(--text-error)]')}
-                        autoComplete='off'
-                        data-form-type='other'
-                        name='min-chunk-size'
-                      />
-                    </div>
-
-                    <div className='flex flex-col gap-[8px]'>
-                      <Label htmlFor='maxChunkSize'>Max Chunk Size (tokens)</Label>
-                      <Input
-                        id='maxChunkSize'
-                        placeholder='1024'
-                        {...register('maxChunkSize', { valueAsNumber: true })}
-                        className={cn(errors.maxChunkSize && 'border-[var(--text-error)]')}
-                        autoComplete='off'
-                        data-form-type='other'
-                        name='max-chunk-size'
-                      />
-                    </div>
+                <div className='grid grid-cols-2 gap-[12px]'>
+                  <div className='flex flex-col gap-[8px]'>
+                    <Label htmlFor='minChunkSize'>Min Chunk Size (characters)</Label>
+                    <Input
+                      id='minChunkSize'
+                      placeholder='100'
+                      {...register('minChunkSize', { valueAsNumber: true })}
+                      className={cn(errors.minChunkSize && 'border-[var(--text-error)]')}
+                      autoComplete='off'
+                      data-form-type='other'
+                      name='min-chunk-size'
+                    />
                   </div>
 
                   <div className='flex flex-col gap-[8px]'>
-                    <Label htmlFor='overlapSize'>Overlap (tokens)</Label>
+                    <Label htmlFor='maxChunkSize'>Max Chunk Size (tokens)</Label>
                     <Input
-                      id='overlapSize'
-                      placeholder='200'
-                      {...register('overlapSize', { valueAsNumber: true })}
-                      className={cn(errors.overlapSize && 'border-[var(--text-error)]')}
+                      id='maxChunkSize'
+                      placeholder='1024'
+                      {...register('maxChunkSize', { valueAsNumber: true })}
+                      className={cn(errors.maxChunkSize && 'border-[var(--text-error)]')}
                       autoComplete='off'
                       data-form-type='other'
-                      name='overlap-size'
+                      name='max-chunk-size'
                     />
                   </div>
+                </div>
+
+                <div className='flex flex-col gap-[8px]'>
+                  <Label htmlFor='overlapSize'>Overlap (tokens)</Label>
+                  <Input
+                    id='overlapSize'
+                    placeholder='200'
+                    {...register('overlapSize', { valueAsNumber: true })}
+                    className={cn(errors.overlapSize && 'border-[var(--text-error)]')}
+                    autoComplete='off'
+                    data-form-type='other'
+                    name='overlap-size'
+                  />
                   <p className='text-[11px] text-[var(--text-muted)]'>
                     1 token ≈ 4 characters. Max chunk size and overlap are in tokens.
                   </p>

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/knowledge/components/edit-knowledge-base-modal/edit-knowledge-base-modal.tsx

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ export function EditKnowledgeBaseModal({
     handleSubmit,
     reset,
     watch,
-    formState: { errors },
+    formState: { errors, isDirty },
   } = useForm<FormValues>({
     resolver: zodResolver(FormSchema),
     defaultValues: {
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ export function EditKnowledgeBaseModal({
                 <Textarea
                   id='description'
                   placeholder='Describe this knowledge base (optional)'
-                  rows={3}
+                  rows={4}
                   {...register('description')}
                   className={cn(errors.description && 'border-[var(--text-error)]')}
                 />
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ export function EditKnowledgeBaseModal({
                 <Button
                   variant='tertiary'
                   type='submit'
-                  disabled={isSubmitting || !nameValue?.trim()}
+                  disabled={isSubmitting || !nameValue?.trim() || !isDirty}
                 >
                   {isSubmitting ? 'Saving...' : 'Save'}
                 </Button>

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/logs/components/log-details/components/execution-snapshot/execution-snapshot.tsx

@@ -16,8 +16,8 @@ import {
 import { redactApiKeys } from '@/lib/core/security/redaction'
 import { cn } from '@/lib/core/utils/cn'
 import {
-  BlockDetailsSidebar,
   getLeftmostBlockId,
+  PreviewEditor,
   WorkflowPreview,
 } from '@/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/components/preview'
 import { useExecutionSnapshot } from '@/hooks/queries/logs'
@@ -248,11 +248,10 @@ export function ExecutionSnapshot({
             cursorStyle='pointer'
             executedBlocks={blockExecutions}
             selectedBlockId={pinnedBlockId}
-            lightweight
           />
         </div>
         {pinnedBlockId && workflowState.blocks[pinnedBlockId] && (
-          <BlockDetailsSidebar
+          <PreviewEditor
             block={workflowState.blocks[pinnedBlockId]}
             executionData={blockExecutions[pinnedBlockId]}
             allBlockExecutions={blockExecutions}

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/logs/components/log-details/components/trace-spans/trace-spans.tsx

@@ -2,8 +2,7 @@
 
 import type React from 'react'
 import { memo, useCallback, useMemo, useRef, useState } from 'react'
-import clsx from 'clsx'
-import { ArrowDown, ArrowUp, X } from 'lucide-react'
+import { ArrowDown, ArrowUp, Check, Clipboard, Search, X } from 'lucide-react'
 import { createPortal } from 'react-dom'
 import {
   Button,
@@ -15,9 +14,11 @@ import {
   PopoverContent,
   PopoverDivider,
   PopoverItem,
+  Tooltip,
 } from '@/components/emcn'
 import { WorkflowIcon } from '@/components/icons'
 import { cn } from '@/lib/core/utils/cn'
+import { formatDuration } from '@/lib/core/utils/formatting'
 import { LoopTool } from '@/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/subflows/loop/loop-config'
 import { ParallelTool } from '@/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/subflows/parallel/parallel-config'
 import { getBlock, getBlockByToolName } from '@/blocks'
@@ -26,7 +27,6 @@ import type { TraceSpan } from '@/stores/logs/filters/types'
 
 interface TraceSpansProps {
   traceSpans?: TraceSpan[]
-  totalDuration?: number
 }
 
 /**
@@ -100,6 +100,20 @@ function parseTime(value?: string | number | null): number {
   return Number.isFinite(ms) ? ms : 0
 }
 
+/**
+ * Checks if a span or any of its descendants has an error
+ */
+function hasErrorInTree(span: TraceSpan): boolean {
+  if (span.status === 'error') return true
+  if (span.children && span.children.length > 0) {
+    return span.children.some((child) => hasErrorInTree(child))
+  }
+  if (span.toolCalls && span.toolCalls.length > 0) {
+    return span.toolCalls.some((tc) => tc.error)
+  }
+  return false
+}
+
 /**
  * Normalizes and sorts trace spans recursively.
  * Merges children from both span.children and span.output.childTraceSpans,
@@ -142,14 +156,6 @@ function normalizeAndSortSpans(spans: TraceSpan[]): TraceSpan[] {
 
 const DEFAULT_BLOCK_COLOR = '#6b7280'
 
-/**
- * Formats duration in ms
- */
-function formatDuration(ms: number): string {
-  if (ms < 1000) return `${ms}ms`
-  return `${(ms / 1000).toFixed(2)}s`
-}
-
 /**
  * Gets icon and color for a span type using block config
  */
@@ -230,7 +236,7 @@ function ProgressBar({
   }, [span, childSpans, workflowStartTime, totalDuration])
 
   return (
-    <div className='relative mb-[8px] h-[5px] w-full overflow-hidden rounded-[18px] bg-[var(--divider)]'>
+    <div className='relative h-[5px] w-full overflow-hidden rounded-[18px] bg-[var(--divider)]'>
       {segments.map((segment, index) => (
         <div
           key={index}
@@ -246,143 +252,6 @@ function ProgressBar({
   )
 }
 
-interface ExpandableRowHeaderProps {
-  name: string
-  duration: number
-  isError: boolean
-  isExpanded: boolean
-  hasChildren: boolean
-  showIcon: boolean
-  icon: React.ComponentType<{ className?: string }> | null
-  bgColor: string
-  onToggle: () => void
-}
-
-/**
- * Reusable expandable row header with chevron, icon, name, and duration
- */
-function ExpandableRowHeader({
-  name,
-  duration,
-  isError,
-  isExpanded,
-  hasChildren,
-  showIcon,
-  icon: Icon,
-  bgColor,
-  onToggle,
-}: ExpandableRowHeaderProps) {
-  return (
-    <div
-      className={clsx('group flex items-center justify-between', hasChildren && 'cursor-pointer')}
-      onClick={hasChildren ? onToggle : undefined}
-      onKeyDown={
-        hasChildren
-          ? (e) => {
-              if (e.key === 'Enter' || e.key === ' ') {
-                e.preventDefault()
-                onToggle()
-              }
-            }
-          : undefined
-      }
-      role={hasChildren ? 'button' : undefined}
-      tabIndex={hasChildren ? 0 : undefined}
-      aria-expanded={hasChildren ? isExpanded : undefined}
-      aria-label={hasChildren ? (isExpanded ? 'Collapse' : 'Expand') : undefined}
-    >
-      <div className='flex items-center gap-[8px]'>
-        {hasChildren && (
-          <ChevronDown
-            className='h-[10px] w-[10px] flex-shrink-0 text-[var(--text-tertiary)] transition-transform duration-100 group-hover:text-[var(--text-primary)]'
-            style={{ transform: isExpanded ? 'rotate(0deg)' : 'rotate(-90deg)' }}
-          />
-        )}
-        {showIcon && (
-          <div
-            className='relative flex h-[14px] w-[14px] flex-shrink-0 items-center justify-center overflow-hidden rounded-[4px]'
-            style={{ background: bgColor }}
-          >
-            {Icon && <Icon className={clsx('text-white', '!h-[9px] !w-[9px]')} />}
-          </div>
-        )}
-        <span
-          className='font-medium text-[12px]'
-          style={{ color: isError ? 'var(--text-error)' : 'var(--text-secondary)' }}
-        >
-          {name}
-        </span>
-      </div>
-      <span className='font-medium text-[12px] text-[var(--text-tertiary)]'>
-        {formatDuration(duration)}
-      </span>
-    </div>
-  )
-}
-
-interface SpanContentProps {
-  span: TraceSpan
-  spanId: string
-  isError: boolean
-  workflowStartTime: number
-  totalDuration: number
-  expandedSections: Set<string>
-  onToggle: (section: string) => void
-}
-
-/**
- * Reusable component for rendering span content (progress bar + input/output sections)
- */
-function SpanContent({
-  span,
-  spanId,
-  isError,
-  workflowStartTime,
-  totalDuration,
-  expandedSections,
-  onToggle,
-}: SpanContentProps) {
-  const hasInput = Boolean(span.input)
-  const hasOutput = Boolean(span.output)
-
-  return (
-    <>
-      <ProgressBar
-        span={span}
-        childSpans={span.children}
-        workflowStartTime={workflowStartTime}
-        totalDuration={totalDuration}
-      />
-
-      {hasInput && (
-        <InputOutputSection
-          label='Input'
-          data={span.input}
-          isError={false}
-          spanId={spanId}
-          sectionType='input'
-          expandedSections={expandedSections}
-          onToggle={onToggle}
-        />
-      )}
-
-      {hasInput && hasOutput && <div className='border-[var(--border)] border-t border-dashed' />}
-
-      {hasOutput && (
-        <InputOutputSection
-          label={isError ? 'Error' : 'Output'}
-          data={span.output}
-          isError={isError}
-          spanId={spanId}
-          sectionType='output'
-          expandedSections={expandedSections}
-          onToggle={onToggle}
-        />
-      )}
-    </>
-  )
-}
-
 /**
  * Renders input/output section with collapsible content, context menu, and search
  */
@@ -406,16 +275,14 @@ function InputOutputSection({
   const sectionKey = `${spanId}-${sectionType}`
   const isExpanded = expandedSections.has(sectionKey)
   const contentRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null)
-  const menuRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null)
 
   // Context menu state
   const [isContextMenuOpen, setIsContextMenuOpen] = useState(false)
   const [contextMenuPosition, setContextMenuPosition] = useState({ x: 0, y: 0 })
+  const [copied, setCopied] = useState(false)
 
   // Code viewer features
   const {
-    wrapText,
-    toggleWrapText,
     isSearchActive,
     searchQuery,
     setSearchQuery,
@@ -447,6 +314,8 @@ function InputOutputSection({
 
   const handleCopy = useCallback(() => {
     navigator.clipboard.writeText(jsonString)
+    setCopied(true)
+    setTimeout(() => setCopied(false), 1500)
     closeContextMenu()
   }, [jsonString, closeContextMenu])
 
@@ -455,13 +324,8 @@ function InputOutputSection({
     closeContextMenu()
   }, [activateSearch, closeContextMenu])
 
-  const handleToggleWrap = useCallback(() => {
-    toggleWrapText()
-    closeContextMenu()
-  }, [toggleWrapText, closeContextMenu])
-
   return (
-    <div className='relative flex min-w-0 flex-col gap-[8px] overflow-hidden'>
+    <div className='relative flex min-w-0 flex-col gap-[6px] overflow-hidden'>
       <div
         className='group flex cursor-pointer items-center justify-between'
         onClick={() => onToggle(sectionKey)}
@@ -477,7 +341,7 @@ function InputOutputSection({
         aria-label={`${isExpanded ? 'Collapse' : 'Expand'} ${label.toLowerCase()}`}
       >
         <span
-          className={clsx(
+          className={cn(
             'font-medium text-[12px] transition-colors',
             isError
               ? 'text-[var(--text-error)]'
@@ -487,9 +351,7 @@ function InputOutputSection({
           {label}
         </span>
         <ChevronDown
-          className={clsx(
-            'h-[10px] w-[10px] text-[var(--text-tertiary)] transition-colors transition-transform group-hover:text-[var(--text-primary)]'
-          )}
+          className='h-[8px] w-[8px] text-[var(--text-tertiary)] transition-colors transition-transform group-hover:text-[var(--text-primary)]'
           style={{
             transform: isExpanded ? 'rotate(180deg)' : 'rotate(0deg)',
           }}
@@ -497,16 +359,57 @@ function InputOutputSection({
       </div>
       {isExpanded && (
         <>
-          <div ref={contentRef} onContextMenu={handleContextMenu}>
+          <div ref={contentRef} onContextMenu={handleContextMenu} className='relative'>
             <Code.Viewer
               code={jsonString}
               language='json'
-              className='!bg-[var(--surface-3)] max-h-[300px] min-h-0 max-w-full rounded-[6px] border-0 [word-break:break-all]'
-              wrapText={wrapText}
+              className='!bg-[var(--surface-4)] dark:!bg-[var(--surface-3)] max-h-[300px] min-h-0 max-w-full rounded-[6px] border-0 [word-break:break-all]'
+              wrapText
               searchQuery={isSearchActive ? searchQuery : undefined}
               currentMatchIndex={currentMatchIndex}
               onMatchCountChange={handleMatchCountChange}
             />
+            {/* Glass action buttons overlay */}
+            {!isSearchActive && (
+              <div className='absolute top-[7px] right-[6px] z-10 flex gap-[4px]'>
+                <Tooltip.Root>
+                  <Tooltip.Trigger asChild>
+                    <Button
+                      type='button'
+                      variant='default'
+                      onClick={(e) => {
+                        e.stopPropagation()
+                        handleCopy()
+                      }}
+                      className='h-[20px] w-[20px] cursor-pointer border border-[var(--border-1)] bg-transparent p-0 backdrop-blur-sm hover:bg-[var(--surface-3)]'
+                    >
+                      {copied ? (
+                        <Check className='h-[10px] w-[10px] text-[var(--text-success)]' />
+                      ) : (
+                        <Clipboard className='h-[10px] w-[10px]' />
+                      )}
+                    </Button>
+                  </Tooltip.Trigger>
+                  <Tooltip.Content side='top'>{copied ? 'Copied' : 'Copy'}</Tooltip.Content>
+                </Tooltip.Root>
+                <Tooltip.Root>
+                  <Tooltip.Trigger asChild>
+                    <Button
+                      type='button'
+                      variant='default'
+                      onClick={(e) => {
+                        e.stopPropagation()
+                        activateSearch()
+                      }}
+                      className='h-[20px] w-[20px] cursor-pointer border border-[var(--border-1)] bg-transparent p-0 backdrop-blur-sm hover:bg-[var(--surface-3)]'
+                    >
+                      <Search className='h-[10px] w-[10px]' />
+                    </Button>
+                  </Tooltip.Trigger>
+                  <Tooltip.Content side='top'>Search</Tooltip.Content>
+                </Tooltip.Root>
+              </div>
+            )}
           </div>
 
           {/* Search Overlay */}
@@ -579,13 +482,10 @@ function InputOutputSection({
                     height: '1px',
                   }}
                 />
-                <PopoverContent ref={menuRef} align='start' side='bottom' sideOffset={4}>
+                <PopoverContent align='start' side='bottom' sideOffset={4}>
                   <PopoverItem onClick={handleCopy}>Copy</PopoverItem>
                   <PopoverDivider />
                   <PopoverItem onClick={handleSearch}>Search</PopoverItem>
-                  <PopoverItem showCheck={wrapText} onClick={handleToggleWrap}>
-                    Wrap Text
-                  </PopoverItem>
                 </PopoverContent>
               </Popover>,
               document.body
@@ -596,355 +496,229 @@ function InputOutputSection({
   )
 }
 
-interface NestedBlockItemProps {
+interface TraceSpanNodeProps {
   span: TraceSpan
-  parentId: string
-  index: number
+  workflowStartTime: number
+  totalDuration: number
+  depth: number
+  expandedNodes: Set<string>
   expandedSections: Set<string>
-  onToggle: (section: string) => void
-  workflowStartTime: number
-  totalDuration: number
-  expandedChildren: Set<string>
-  onToggleChildren: (spanId: string) => void
+  onToggleNode: (nodeId: string) => void
+  onToggleSection: (section: string) => void
 }
 
 /**
- * Recursive component for rendering nested blocks at any depth
+ * Recursive tree node component for rendering trace spans
  */
-function NestedBlockItem({
+const TraceSpanNode = memo(function TraceSpanNode({
   span,
-  parentId,
-  index,
+  workflowStartTime,
+  totalDuration,
+  depth,
+  expandedNodes,
   expandedSections,
-  onToggle,
-  workflowStartTime,
-  totalDuration,
-  expandedChildren,
-  onToggleChildren,
-}: NestedBlockItemProps): React.ReactNode {
-  const spanId = span.id || `${parentId}-nested-${index}`
-  const isError = span.status === 'error'
-  const { icon: SpanIcon, bgColor } = getBlockIconAndColor(span.type, span.name)
-  const hasChildren = Boolean(span.children && span.children.length > 0)
-  const isChildrenExpanded = expandedChildren.has(spanId)
-
-  return (
-    <div className='flex min-w-0 flex-col gap-[8px] overflow-hidden'>
-      <ExpandableRowHeader
-        name={span.name}
-        duration={span.duration || 0}
-        isError={isError}
-        isExpanded={isChildrenExpanded}
-        hasChildren={hasChildren}
-        showIcon={!isIterationType(span.type)}
-        icon={SpanIcon}
-        bgColor={bgColor}
-        onToggle={() => onToggleChildren(spanId)}
-      />
-
-      <SpanContent
-        span={span}
-        spanId={spanId}
-        isError={isError}
-        workflowStartTime={workflowStartTime}
-        totalDuration={totalDuration}
-        expandedSections={expandedSections}
-        onToggle={onToggle}
-      />
-
-      {/* Nested children */}
-      {hasChildren && isChildrenExpanded && (
-        <div className='mt-[2px] flex min-w-0 flex-col gap-[10px] overflow-hidden border-[var(--border)] border-l pl-[10px]'>
-          {span.children!.map((child, childIndex) => (
-            <NestedBlockItem
-              key={child.id || `${spanId}-child-${childIndex}`}
-              span={child}
-              parentId={spanId}
-              index={childIndex}
-              expandedSections={expandedSections}
-              onToggle={onToggle}
-              workflowStartTime={workflowStartTime}
-              totalDuration={totalDuration}
-              expandedChildren={expandedChildren}
-              onToggleChildren={onToggleChildren}
-            />
-          ))}
-        </div>
-      )}
-    </div>
-  )
-}
-
-interface TraceSpanItemProps {
-  span: TraceSpan
-  totalDuration: number
-  workflowStartTime: number
-  isFirstSpan?: boolean
-}
-
-/**
- * Individual trace span card component.
- * Memoized to prevent re-renders when sibling spans change.
- */
-const TraceSpanItem = memo(function TraceSpanItem({
-  span,
-  totalDuration,
-  workflowStartTime,
-  isFirstSpan = false,
-}: TraceSpanItemProps): React.ReactNode {
-  const [expandedSections, setExpandedSections] = useState<Set<string>>(new Set())
-  const [expandedChildren, setExpandedChildren] = useState<Set<string>>(new Set())
-  const [isCardExpanded, setIsCardExpanded] = useState(false)
-  const toggleSet = useSetToggle()
-
+  onToggleNode,
+  onToggleSection,
+}: TraceSpanNodeProps): React.ReactNode {
   const spanId = span.id || `span-${span.name}-${span.startTime}`
   const spanStartTime = new Date(span.startTime).getTime()
   const spanEndTime = new Date(span.endTime).getTime()
   const duration = span.duration || spanEndTime - spanStartTime
 
-  const hasChildren = Boolean(span.children && span.children.length > 0)
-  const hasToolCalls = Boolean(span.toolCalls && span.toolCalls.length > 0)
-  const isError = span.status === 'error'
-
-  const inlineChildTypes = new Set([
-    'tool',
-    'model',
-    'loop-iteration',
-    'parallel-iteration',
-    'workflow',
-  ])
-
-  // For workflow-in-workflow blocks, all children should be rendered inline/nested
-  const isWorkflowBlock = span.type?.toLowerCase().includes('workflow')
-  const inlineChildren = isWorkflowBlock
-    ? span.children || []
-    : span.children?.filter((child) => inlineChildTypes.has(child.type?.toLowerCase() || '')) || []
-  const otherChildren = isWorkflowBlock
-    ? []
-    : span.children?.filter((child) => !inlineChildTypes.has(child.type?.toLowerCase() || '')) || []
-
-  const toolCallSpans = useMemo(() => {
-    if (!hasToolCalls) return []
-    return span.toolCalls!.map((toolCall, index) => {
-      const toolStartTime = toolCall.startTime
-        ? new Date(toolCall.startTime).getTime()
-        : spanStartTime
-      const toolEndTime = toolCall.endTime
-        ? new Date(toolCall.endTime).getTime()
-        : toolStartTime + (toolCall.duration || 0)
-
-      return {
-        id: `${spanId}-tool-${index}`,
-        name: toolCall.name,
-        type: 'tool',
-        duration: toolCall.duration || toolEndTime - toolStartTime,
-        startTime: new Date(toolStartTime).toISOString(),
-        endTime: new Date(toolEndTime).toISOString(),
-        status: toolCall.error ? ('error' as const) : ('success' as const),
-        input: toolCall.input,
-        output: toolCall.error
-          ? { error: toolCall.error, ...(toolCall.output || {}) }
-          : toolCall.output,
-      } as TraceSpan
-    })
-  }, [hasToolCalls, span.toolCalls, spanId, spanStartTime])
-
-  const handleSectionToggle = useCallback(
-    (section: string) => toggleSet(setExpandedSections, section),
-    [toggleSet]
-  )
-
-  const handleChildrenToggle = useCallback(
-    (childSpanId: string) => toggleSet(setExpandedChildren, childSpanId),
-    [toggleSet]
-  )
+  const isDirectError = span.status === 'error'
+  const hasNestedError = hasErrorInTree(span)
+  const showErrorStyle = isDirectError || hasNestedError
 
   const { icon: BlockIcon, bgColor } = getBlockIconAndColor(span.type, span.name)
 
-  // Check if this card has expandable inline content
-  const hasInlineContent =
-    (isWorkflowBlock && inlineChildren.length > 0) ||
-    (!isWorkflowBlock && (toolCallSpans.length > 0 || inlineChildren.length > 0))
+  // Root workflow execution is always expanded and has no toggle
+  const isRootWorkflow = depth === 0
 
-  const isExpandable = !isFirstSpan && hasInlineContent
+  // Build all children including tool calls
+  const allChildren = useMemo(() => {
+    const children: TraceSpan[] = []
+
+    // Add tool calls as child spans
+    if (span.toolCalls && span.toolCalls.length > 0) {
+      span.toolCalls.forEach((toolCall, index) => {
+        const toolStartTime = toolCall.startTime
+          ? new Date(toolCall.startTime).getTime()
+          : spanStartTime
+        const toolEndTime = toolCall.endTime
+          ? new Date(toolCall.endTime).getTime()
+          : toolStartTime + (toolCall.duration || 0)
+
+        children.push({
+          id: `${spanId}-tool-${index}`,
+          name: toolCall.name,
+          type: 'tool',
+          duration: toolCall.duration || toolEndTime - toolStartTime,
+          startTime: new Date(toolStartTime).toISOString(),
+          endTime: new Date(toolEndTime).toISOString(),
+          status: toolCall.error ? ('error' as const) : ('success' as const),
+          input: toolCall.input,
+          output: toolCall.error
+            ? { error: toolCall.error, ...(toolCall.output || {}) }
+            : toolCall.output,
+        } as TraceSpan)
+      })
+    }
+
+    // Add regular children
+    if (span.children && span.children.length > 0) {
+      children.push(...span.children)
+    }
+
+    // Sort by start time
+    return children.sort((a, b) => parseTime(a.startTime) - parseTime(b.startTime))
+  }, [span, spanId, spanStartTime])
+
+  const hasChildren = allChildren.length > 0
+  const isExpanded = isRootWorkflow || expandedNodes.has(spanId)
+  const isToggleable = !isRootWorkflow
+
+  const hasInput = Boolean(span.input)
+  const hasOutput = Boolean(span.output)
+
+  // For progress bar - show child segments for workflow/iteration types
+  const lowerType = span.type?.toLowerCase() || ''
+  const showChildrenInProgressBar =
+    isIterationType(lowerType) || lowerType === 'workflow' || lowerType === 'workflow_input'
 
   return (
-    <>
-      <div className='flex min-w-0 flex-col gap-[8px] overflow-hidden rounded-[6px] bg-[var(--surface-1)] px-[10px] py-[8px]'>
-        <ExpandableRowHeader
-          name={span.name}
-          duration={duration}
-          isError={isError}
-          isExpanded={isCardExpanded}
-          hasChildren={isExpandable}
-          showIcon={!isFirstSpan}
-          icon={BlockIcon}
-          bgColor={bgColor}
-          onToggle={() => setIsCardExpanded((prev) => !prev)}
-        />
-
-        <SpanContent
-          span={span}
-          spanId={spanId}
-          isError={isError}
-          workflowStartTime={workflowStartTime}
-          totalDuration={totalDuration}
-          expandedSections={expandedSections}
-          onToggle={handleSectionToggle}
-        />
-
-        {/* For workflow blocks, keep children nested within the card (not as separate cards) */}
-        {!isFirstSpan && isWorkflowBlock && inlineChildren.length > 0 && isCardExpanded && (
-          <div className='mt-[2px] flex min-w-0 flex-col gap-[10px] overflow-hidden border-[var(--border)] border-l pl-[10px]'>
-            {inlineChildren.map((childSpan, index) => (
-              <NestedBlockItem
-                key={childSpan.id || `${spanId}-nested-${index}`}
-                span={childSpan}
-                parentId={spanId}
-                index={index}
-                expandedSections={expandedSections}
-                onToggle={handleSectionToggle}
-                workflowStartTime={workflowStartTime}
-                totalDuration={totalDuration}
-                expandedChildren={expandedChildren}
-                onToggleChildren={handleChildrenToggle}
-              />
-            ))}
-          </div>
-        )}
-
-        {/* For non-workflow blocks, render inline children/tool calls */}
-        {!isFirstSpan && !isWorkflowBlock && isCardExpanded && (
-          <div className='mt-[2px] flex min-w-0 flex-col gap-[10px] overflow-hidden border-[var(--border)] border-l pl-[10px]'>
-            {[...toolCallSpans, ...inlineChildren].map((childSpan, index) => {
-              const childId = childSpan.id || `${spanId}-inline-${index}`
-              const childIsError = childSpan.status === 'error'
-              const childLowerType = childSpan.type?.toLowerCase() || ''
-              const hasNestedChildren = Boolean(childSpan.children && childSpan.children.length > 0)
-              const isNestedExpanded = expandedChildren.has(childId)
-              const showChildrenInProgressBar =
-                isIterationType(childLowerType) || childLowerType === 'workflow'
-              const { icon: ChildIcon, bgColor: childBgColor } = getBlockIconAndColor(
-                childSpan.type,
-                childSpan.name
-              )
-
-              return (
-                <div
-                  key={`inline-${childId}`}
-                  className='flex min-w-0 flex-col gap-[8px] overflow-hidden'
-                >
-                  <ExpandableRowHeader
-                    name={childSpan.name}
-                    duration={childSpan.duration || 0}
-                    isError={childIsError}
-                    isExpanded={isNestedExpanded}
-                    hasChildren={hasNestedChildren}
-                    showIcon={!isIterationType(childSpan.type)}
-                    icon={ChildIcon}
-                    bgColor={childBgColor}
-                    onToggle={() => handleChildrenToggle(childId)}
-                  />
-
-                  <ProgressBar
-                    span={childSpan}
-                    childSpans={showChildrenInProgressBar ? childSpan.children : undefined}
-                    workflowStartTime={workflowStartTime}
-                    totalDuration={totalDuration}
-                  />
-
-                  {childSpan.input && (
-                    <InputOutputSection
-                      label='Input'
-                      data={childSpan.input}
-                      isError={false}
-                      spanId={childId}
-                      sectionType='input'
-                      expandedSections={expandedSections}
-                      onToggle={handleSectionToggle}
-                    />
-                  )}
-
-                  {childSpan.input && childSpan.output && (
-                    <div className='border-[var(--border)] border-t border-dashed' />
-                  )}
-
-                  {childSpan.output && (
-                    <InputOutputSection
-                      label={childIsError ? 'Error' : 'Output'}
-                      data={childSpan.output}
-                      isError={childIsError}
-                      spanId={childId}
-                      sectionType='output'
-                      expandedSections={expandedSections}
-                      onToggle={handleSectionToggle}
-                    />
-                  )}
-
-                  {/* Nested children */}
-                  {showChildrenInProgressBar && hasNestedChildren && isNestedExpanded && (
-                    <div className='mt-[2px] flex min-w-0 flex-col gap-[10px] overflow-hidden border-[var(--border)] border-l pl-[10px]'>
-                      {childSpan.children!.map((nestedChild, nestedIndex) => (
-                        <NestedBlockItem
-                          key={nestedChild.id || `${childId}-nested-${nestedIndex}`}
-                          span={nestedChild}
-                          parentId={childId}
-                          index={nestedIndex}
-                          expandedSections={expandedSections}
-                          onToggle={handleSectionToggle}
-                          workflowStartTime={workflowStartTime}
-                          totalDuration={totalDuration}
-                          expandedChildren={expandedChildren}
-                          onToggleChildren={handleChildrenToggle}
-                        />
-                      ))}
-                    </div>
-                  )}
-                </div>
-              )
-            })}
-          </div>
+    <div className='flex min-w-0 flex-col'>
+      {/* Node Header Row */}
+      <div
+        className={cn(
+          'group flex items-center justify-between gap-[8px] py-[6px]',
+          isToggleable && 'cursor-pointer'
         )}
+        onClick={isToggleable ? () => onToggleNode(spanId) : undefined}
+        onKeyDown={
+          isToggleable
+            ? (e) => {
+                if (e.key === 'Enter' || e.key === ' ') {
+                  e.preventDefault()
+                  onToggleNode(spanId)
+                }
+              }
+            : undefined
+        }
+        role={isToggleable ? 'button' : undefined}
+        tabIndex={isToggleable ? 0 : undefined}
+        aria-expanded={isToggleable ? isExpanded : undefined}
+        aria-label={isToggleable ? (isExpanded ? 'Collapse' : 'Expand') : undefined}
+      >
+        <div className='flex min-w-0 flex-1 items-center gap-[8px]'>
+          {!isIterationType(span.type) && (
+            <div
+              className='relative flex h-[14px] w-[14px] flex-shrink-0 items-center justify-center overflow-hidden rounded-[4px]'
+              style={{ background: bgColor }}
+            >
+              {BlockIcon && <BlockIcon className='h-[9px] w-[9px] text-white' />}
+            </div>
+          )}
+          <span
+            className='min-w-0 max-w-[180px] truncate font-medium text-[12px]'
+            style={{ color: showErrorStyle ? 'var(--text-error)' : 'var(--text-secondary)' }}
+          >
+            {span.name}
+          </span>
+          {isToggleable && (
+            <ChevronDown
+              className='h-[8px] w-[8px] flex-shrink-0 text-[var(--text-tertiary)] transition-colors transition-transform duration-100 group-hover:text-[var(--text-primary)]'
+              style={{
+                transform: `translateY(-0.25px) ${isExpanded ? 'rotate(0deg)' : 'rotate(-90deg)'}`,
+              }}
+            />
+          )}
+        </div>
+        <span className='flex-shrink-0 font-medium text-[12px] text-[var(--text-tertiary)]'>
+          {formatDuration(duration, { precision: 2 })}
+        </span>
       </div>
 
-      {/* For the first span (workflow execution), render all children as separate top-level cards */}
-      {isFirstSpan &&
-        hasChildren &&
-        span.children!.map((childSpan, index) => (
-          <TraceSpanItem
-            key={childSpan.id || `${spanId}-child-${index}`}
-            span={childSpan}
-            totalDuration={totalDuration}
+      {/* Expanded Content */}
+      {isExpanded && (
+        <div className='flex min-w-0 flex-col gap-[10px]'>
+          {/* Progress Bar */}
+          <ProgressBar
+            span={span}
+            childSpans={showChildrenInProgressBar ? span.children : undefined}
             workflowStartTime={workflowStartTime}
-            isFirstSpan={false}
+            totalDuration={totalDuration}
           />
-        ))}
 
-      {!isFirstSpan &&
-        otherChildren.map((childSpan, index) => (
-          <TraceSpanItem
-            key={childSpan.id || `${spanId}-other-${index}`}
-            span={childSpan}
-            totalDuration={totalDuration}
-            workflowStartTime={workflowStartTime}
-            isFirstSpan={false}
-          />
-        ))}
-    </>
+          {/* Input/Output Sections */}
+          {(hasInput || hasOutput) && (
+            <div className='flex min-w-0 flex-col gap-[6px] overflow-hidden py-[2px]'>
+              {hasInput && (
+                <InputOutputSection
+                  label='Input'
+                  data={span.input}
+                  isError={false}
+                  spanId={spanId}
+                  sectionType='input'
+                  expandedSections={expandedSections}
+                  onToggle={onToggleSection}
+                />
+              )}
+
+              {hasInput && hasOutput && (
+                <div className='border-[var(--border)] border-t border-dashed' />
+              )}
+
+              {hasOutput && (
+                <InputOutputSection
+                  label={isDirectError ? 'Error' : 'Output'}
+                  data={span.output}
+                  isError={isDirectError}
+                  spanId={spanId}
+                  sectionType='output'
+                  expandedSections={expandedSections}
+                  onToggle={onToggleSection}
+                />
+              )}
+            </div>
+          )}
+
+          {/* Nested Children */}
+          {hasChildren && (
+            <div className='flex min-w-0 flex-col gap-[2px] border-[var(--border)] border-l pl-[10px]'>
+              {allChildren.map((child, index) => (
+                <div key={child.id || `${spanId}-child-${index}`} className='pl-[6px]'>
+                  <TraceSpanNode
+                    span={child}
+                    workflowStartTime={workflowStartTime}
+                    totalDuration={totalDuration}
+                    depth={depth + 1}
+                    expandedNodes={expandedNodes}
+                    expandedSections={expandedSections}
+                    onToggleNode={onToggleNode}
+                    onToggleSection={onToggleSection}
+                  />
+                </div>
+              ))}
+            </div>
+          )}
+        </div>
+      )}
+    </div>
   )
 })
 
 /**
- * Displays workflow execution trace spans with nested structure.
+ * Displays workflow execution trace spans with nested tree structure.
  * Memoized to prevent re-renders when parent LogDetails updates.
  */
-export const TraceSpans = memo(function TraceSpans({
-  traceSpans,
-  totalDuration = 0,
-}: TraceSpansProps) {
+export const TraceSpans = memo(function TraceSpans({ traceSpans }: TraceSpansProps) {
+  const [expandedNodes, setExpandedNodes] = useState<Set<string>>(() => new Set())
+  const [expandedSections, setExpandedSections] = useState<Set<string>>(new Set())
+  const toggleSet = useSetToggle()
+
   const { workflowStartTime, actualTotalDuration, normalizedSpans } = useMemo(() => {
     if (!traceSpans || traceSpans.length === 0) {
-      return { workflowStartTime: 0, actualTotalDuration: totalDuration, normalizedSpans: [] }
+      return { workflowStartTime: 0, actualTotalDuration: 0, normalizedSpans: [] }
     }
 
     let earliest = Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY
@@ -962,26 +736,37 @@ export const TraceSpans = memo(function TraceSpans({
       actualTotalDuration: latest - earliest,
       normalizedSpans: normalizeAndSortSpans(traceSpans),
     }
-  }, [traceSpans, totalDuration])
+  }, [traceSpans])
+
+  const handleToggleNode = useCallback(
+    (nodeId: string) => toggleSet(setExpandedNodes, nodeId),
+    [toggleSet]
+  )
+
+  const handleToggleSection = useCallback(
+    (section: string) => toggleSet(setExpandedSections, section),
+    [toggleSet]
+  )
 
   if (!traceSpans || traceSpans.length === 0) {
     return <div className='text-[12px] text-[var(--text-secondary)]'>No trace data available</div>
   }
 
   return (
-    <div className='flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col gap-[6px] overflow-hidden rounded-[6px] bg-[var(--surface-2)] px-[10px] py-[8px]'>
-      <span className='font-medium text-[12px] text-[var(--text-tertiary)]'>Trace Span</span>
-      <div className='flex min-w-0 flex-col gap-[8px] overflow-hidden'>
-        {normalizedSpans.map((span, index) => (
-          <TraceSpanItem
-            key={span.id || index}
-            span={span}
-            totalDuration={actualTotalDuration}
-            workflowStartTime={workflowStartTime}
-            isFirstSpan={index === 0}
-          />
-        ))}
-      </div>
+    <div className='flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col overflow-hidden'>
+      {normalizedSpans.map((span, index) => (
+        <TraceSpanNode
+          key={span.id || index}
+          span={span}
+          workflowStartTime={workflowStartTime}
+          totalDuration={actualTotalDuration}
+          depth={0}
+          expandedNodes={expandedNodes}
+          expandedSections={expandedSections}
+          onToggleNode={handleToggleNode}
+          onToggleSection={handleToggleSection}
+        />
+      ))}
     </div>
   )
 })

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/logs/components/log-details/log-details.tsx

@@ -1,10 +1,23 @@
 'use client'
 
-import { memo, useEffect, useMemo, useRef, useState } from 'react'
-import { ChevronUp, X } from 'lucide-react'
-import { Button, Eye } from '@/components/emcn'
+import { memo, useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useRef, useState } from 'react'
+import { ArrowDown, ArrowUp, Check, ChevronUp, Clipboard, Search, X } from 'lucide-react'
+import { createPortal } from 'react-dom'
+import {
+  Button,
+  Code,
+  Eye,
+  Input,
+  Popover,
+  PopoverAnchor,
+  PopoverContent,
+  PopoverDivider,
+  PopoverItem,
+  Tooltip,
+} from '@/components/emcn'
 import { ScrollArea } from '@/components/ui/scroll-area'
 import { BASE_EXECUTION_CHARGE } from '@/lib/billing/constants'
+import { cn } from '@/lib/core/utils/cn'
 import {
   ExecutionSnapshot,
   FileCards,
@@ -17,11 +30,194 @@ import {
   StatusBadge,
   TriggerBadge,
 } from '@/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/logs/utils'
+import { useCodeViewerFeatures } from '@/hooks/use-code-viewer'
 import { usePermissionConfig } from '@/hooks/use-permission-config'
 import { formatCost } from '@/providers/utils'
 import type { WorkflowLog } from '@/stores/logs/filters/types'
 import { useLogDetailsUIStore } from '@/stores/logs/store'
 
+/**
+ * Workflow Output section with code viewer, copy, search, and context menu functionality
+ */
+function WorkflowOutputSection({ output }: { output: Record<string, unknown> }) {
+  const contentRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null)
+  const [copied, setCopied] = useState(false)
+
+  // Context menu state
+  const [isContextMenuOpen, setIsContextMenuOpen] = useState(false)
+  const [contextMenuPosition, setContextMenuPosition] = useState({ x: 0, y: 0 })
+
+  const {
+    isSearchActive,
+    searchQuery,
+    setSearchQuery,
+    matchCount,
+    currentMatchIndex,
+    activateSearch,
+    closeSearch,
+    goToNextMatch,
+    goToPreviousMatch,
+    handleMatchCountChange,
+    searchInputRef,
+  } = useCodeViewerFeatures({ contentRef })
+
+  const jsonString = useMemo(() => JSON.stringify(output, null, 2), [output])
+
+  const handleContextMenu = useCallback((e: React.MouseEvent) => {
+    e.preventDefault()
+    e.stopPropagation()
+    setContextMenuPosition({ x: e.clientX, y: e.clientY })
+    setIsContextMenuOpen(true)
+  }, [])
+
+  const closeContextMenu = useCallback(() => {
+    setIsContextMenuOpen(false)
+  }, [])
+
+  const handleCopy = useCallback(() => {
+    navigator.clipboard.writeText(jsonString)
+    setCopied(true)
+    setTimeout(() => setCopied(false), 1500)
+    closeContextMenu()
+  }, [jsonString, closeContextMenu])
+
+  const handleSearch = useCallback(() => {
+    activateSearch()
+    closeContextMenu()
+  }, [activateSearch, closeContextMenu])
+
+  return (
+    <div className='relative flex min-w-0 flex-col overflow-hidden'>
+      <div ref={contentRef} onContextMenu={handleContextMenu} className='relative'>
+        <Code.Viewer
+          code={jsonString}
+          language='json'
+          className='!bg-[var(--surface-4)] dark:!bg-[var(--surface-3)] max-h-[300px] min-h-0 max-w-full rounded-[6px] border-0 [word-break:break-all]'
+          wrapText
+          searchQuery={isSearchActive ? searchQuery : undefined}
+          currentMatchIndex={currentMatchIndex}
+          onMatchCountChange={handleMatchCountChange}
+        />
+        {/* Glass action buttons overlay */}
+        {!isSearchActive && (
+          <div className='absolute top-[7px] right-[6px] z-10 flex gap-[4px]'>
+            <Tooltip.Root>
+              <Tooltip.Trigger asChild>
+                <Button
+                  type='button'
+                  variant='default'
+                  onClick={(e) => {
+                    e.stopPropagation()
+                    handleCopy()
+                  }}
+                  className='h-[20px] w-[20px] cursor-pointer border border-[var(--border-1)] bg-transparent p-0 backdrop-blur-sm hover:bg-[var(--surface-3)]'
+                >
+                  {copied ? (
+                    <Check className='h-[10px] w-[10px] text-[var(--text-success)]' />
+                  ) : (
+                    <Clipboard className='h-[10px] w-[10px]' />
+                  )}
+                </Button>
+              </Tooltip.Trigger>
+              <Tooltip.Content side='top'>{copied ? 'Copied' : 'Copy'}</Tooltip.Content>
+            </Tooltip.Root>
+            <Tooltip.Root>
+              <Tooltip.Trigger asChild>
+                <Button
+                  type='button'
+                  variant='default'
+                  onClick={(e) => {
+                    e.stopPropagation()
+                    activateSearch()
+                  }}
+                  className='h-[20px] w-[20px] cursor-pointer border border-[var(--border-1)] bg-transparent p-0 backdrop-blur-sm hover:bg-[var(--surface-3)]'
+                >
+                  <Search className='h-[10px] w-[10px]' />
+                </Button>
+              </Tooltip.Trigger>
+              <Tooltip.Content side='top'>Search</Tooltip.Content>
+            </Tooltip.Root>
+          </div>
+        )}
+      </div>
+
+      {/* Search Overlay */}
+      {isSearchActive && (
+        <div
+          className='absolute top-0 right-0 z-30 flex h-[34px] items-center gap-[6px] rounded-[4px] border border-[var(--border)] bg-[var(--surface-1)] px-[6px] shadow-sm'
+          onClick={(e) => e.stopPropagation()}
+        >
+          <Input
+            ref={searchInputRef}
+            type='text'
+            value={searchQuery}
+            onChange={(e) => setSearchQuery(e.target.value)}
+            placeholder='Search...'
+            className='mr-[2px] h-[23px] w-[94px] text-[12px]'
+          />
+          <span
+            className={cn(
+              'min-w-[45px] text-center text-[11px]',
+              matchCount > 0 ? 'text-[var(--text-secondary)]' : 'text-[var(--text-tertiary)]'
+            )}
+          >
+            {matchCount > 0 ? `${currentMatchIndex + 1}/${matchCount}` : '0/0'}
+          </span>
+          <Button
+            variant='ghost'
+            className='!p-1'
+            onClick={goToPreviousMatch}
+            disabled={matchCount === 0}
+            aria-label='Previous match'
+          >
+            <ArrowUp className='h-[12px] w-[12px]' />
+          </Button>
+          <Button
+            variant='ghost'
+            className='!p-1'
+            onClick={goToNextMatch}
+            disabled={matchCount === 0}
+            aria-label='Next match'
+          >
+            <ArrowDown className='h-[12px] w-[12px]' />
+          </Button>
+          <Button variant='ghost' className='!p-1' onClick={closeSearch} aria-label='Close search'>
+            <X className='h-[12px] w-[12px]' />
+          </Button>
+        </div>
+      )}
+
+      {/* Context Menu - rendered in portal to avoid transform/overflow clipping */}
+      {typeof document !== 'undefined' &&
+        createPortal(
+          <Popover
+            open={isContextMenuOpen}
+            onOpenChange={closeContextMenu}
+            variant='secondary'
+            size='sm'
+            colorScheme='inverted'
+          >
+            <PopoverAnchor
+              style={{
+                position: 'fixed',
+                left: `${contextMenuPosition.x}px`,
+                top: `${contextMenuPosition.y}px`,
+                width: '1px',
+                height: '1px',
+              }}
+            />
+            <PopoverContent align='start' side='bottom' sideOffset={4}>
+              <PopoverItem onClick={handleCopy}>Copy</PopoverItem>
+              <PopoverDivider />
+              <PopoverItem onClick={handleSearch}>Search</PopoverItem>
+            </PopoverContent>
+          </Popover>,
+          document.body
+        )}
+    </div>
+  )
+}
+
 interface LogDetailsProps {
   /** The log to display details for */
   log: WorkflowLog | null
@@ -78,6 +274,18 @@ export const LogDetails = memo(function LogDetails({
     return isWorkflowExecutionLog && log?.cost
   }, [log, isWorkflowExecutionLog])
 
+  // Extract and clean the workflow final output (remove childTraceSpans for cleaner display)
+  const workflowOutput = useMemo(() => {
+    const executionData = log?.executionData as
+      | { finalOutput?: Record<string, unknown> }
+      | undefined
+    if (!executionData?.finalOutput) return null
+    const { childTraceSpans, ...cleanOutput } = executionData.finalOutput as {
+      childTraceSpans?: unknown
+    } & Record<string, unknown>
+    return cleanOutput
+  }, [log?.executionData])
+
   useEffect(() => {
     const handleKeyDown = (e: KeyboardEvent) => {
       if (e.key === 'Escape' && isOpen) {
@@ -87,12 +295,12 @@ export const LogDetails = memo(function LogDetails({
       if (isOpen) {
         if (e.key === 'ArrowUp' && hasPrev && onNavigatePrev) {
           e.preventDefault()
-          handleNavigate(onNavigatePrev)
+          onNavigatePrev()
         }
 
         if (e.key === 'ArrowDown' && hasNext && onNavigateNext) {
           e.preventDefault()
-          handleNavigate(onNavigateNext)
+          onNavigateNext()
         }
       }
     }
@@ -101,10 +309,6 @@ export const LogDetails = memo(function LogDetails({
     return () => window.removeEventListener('keydown', handleKeyDown)
   }, [isOpen, onClose, hasPrev, hasNext, onNavigatePrev, onNavigateNext])
 
-  const handleNavigate = (navigateFunction: () => void) => {
-    navigateFunction()
-  }
-
   const formattedTimestamp = useMemo(
     () => (log ? formatDate(log.createdAt) : null),
     [log?.createdAt]
@@ -142,7 +346,7 @@ export const LogDetails = memo(function LogDetails({
                 <Button
                   variant='ghost'
                   className='!p-[4px]'
-                  onClick={() => hasPrev && handleNavigate(onNavigatePrev!)}
+                  onClick={() => hasPrev && onNavigatePrev?.()}
                   disabled={!hasPrev}
                   aria-label='Previous log'
                 >
@@ -151,7 +355,7 @@ export const LogDetails = memo(function LogDetails({
                 <Button
                   variant='ghost'
                   className='!p-[4px]'
-                  onClick={() => hasNext && handleNavigate(onNavigateNext!)}
+                  onClick={() => hasNext && onNavigateNext?.()}
                   disabled={!hasNext}
                   aria-label='Next log'
                 >
@@ -204,7 +408,7 @@ export const LogDetails = memo(function LogDetails({
 
                 {/* Execution ID */}
                 {log.executionId && (
-                  <div className='flex flex-col gap-[6px] rounded-[6px] bg-[var(--surface-2)] px-[10px] py-[8px]'>
+                  <div className='flex flex-col gap-[6px] rounded-[6px] border border-[var(--border)] bg-[var(--surface-2)] px-[10px] py-[8px]'>
                     <span className='font-medium text-[12px] text-[var(--text-tertiary)]'>
                       Execution ID
                     </span>
@@ -215,7 +419,7 @@ export const LogDetails = memo(function LogDetails({
                 )}
 
                 {/* Details Section */}
-                <div className='flex min-w-0 flex-col overflow-hidden'>
+                <div className='-my-[4px] flex min-w-0 flex-col overflow-hidden'>
                   {/* Level */}
                   <div className='flex h-[48px] items-center justify-between border-[var(--border)] border-b p-[8px]'>
                     <span className='font-medium text-[12px] text-[var(--text-tertiary)]'>
@@ -267,19 +471,35 @@ export const LogDetails = memo(function LogDetails({
 
                 {/* Workflow State */}
                 {isWorkflowExecutionLog && log.executionId && !permissionConfig.hideTraceSpans && (
-                  <div className='flex flex-col gap-[6px] rounded-[6px] bg-[var(--surface-2)] px-[10px] py-[8px]'>
+                  <div className='-mt-[8px] flex flex-col gap-[6px] rounded-[6px] border border-[var(--border)] bg-[var(--surface-2)] px-[10px] py-[8px]'>
                     <span className='font-medium text-[12px] text-[var(--text-tertiary)]'>
                       Workflow State
                     </span>
-                    <button
+                    <Button
+                      variant='active'
                       onClick={() => setIsExecutionSnapshotOpen(true)}
-                      className='flex items-center justify-between rounded-[6px] bg-[var(--surface-1)] px-[10px] py-[8px] transition-colors hover:bg-[var(--surface-4)]'
+                      className='flex w-full items-center justify-between px-[10px] py-[6px]'
                     >
-                      <span className='font-medium text-[12px] text-[var(--text-secondary)]'>
-                        View Snapshot
-                      </span>
-                      <Eye className='h-[14px] w-[14px] text-[var(--text-subtle)]' />
-                    </button>
+                      <span className='font-medium text-[12px]'>View Snapshot</span>
+                      <Eye className='h-[14px] w-[14px]' />
+                    </Button>
+                  </div>
+                )}
+
+                {/* Workflow Output */}
+                {isWorkflowExecutionLog && workflowOutput && !permissionConfig.hideTraceSpans && (
+                  <div className='mt-[4px] flex flex-col gap-[6px] rounded-[6px] border border-[var(--border)] bg-[var(--surface-2)] px-[10px] py-[8px] dark:bg-transparent'>
+                    <span
+                      className={cn(
+                        'font-medium text-[12px]',
+                        workflowOutput.error
+                          ? 'text-[var(--text-error)]'
+                          : 'text-[var(--text-tertiary)]'
+                      )}
+                    >
+                      Workflow Output
+                    </span>
+                    <WorkflowOutputSection output={workflowOutput} />
                   </div>
                 )}
 
@@ -287,10 +507,12 @@ export const LogDetails = memo(function LogDetails({
                 {isWorkflowExecutionLog &&
                   log.executionData?.traceSpans &&
                   !permissionConfig.hideTraceSpans && (
-                    <TraceSpans
-                      traceSpans={log.executionData.traceSpans}
-                      totalDuration={log.executionData.totalDuration}
-                    />
+                    <div className='mt-[4px] flex flex-col gap-[6px] rounded-[6px] border border-[var(--border)] bg-[var(--surface-2)] px-[10px] py-[8px] dark:bg-transparent'>
+                      <span className='font-medium text-[12px] text-[var(--text-tertiary)]'>
+                        Trace Span
+                      </span>
+                      <TraceSpans traceSpans={log.executionData.traceSpans} />
+                    </div>
                   )}
 
                 {/* Files */}

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/templates/components/template-card.tsx

@@ -213,7 +213,6 @@ function TemplateCardInner({
             isPannable={false}
             defaultZoom={0.8}
             fitPadding={0.2}
-            lightweight
             cursorStyle='pointer'
           />
         ) : (

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/action-bar/action-bar.tsx

@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ import { memo, useCallback } from 'react'
 import { ArrowLeftRight, ArrowUpDown, Circle, CircleOff, LogOut } from 'lucide-react'
 import { Button, Copy, Tooltip, Trash2 } from '@/components/emcn'
 import { cn } from '@/lib/core/utils/cn'
-import { isValidStartBlockType } from '@/lib/workflows/triggers/start-block-types'
+import { isInputDefinitionTrigger } from '@/lib/workflows/triggers/input-definition-triggers'
 import { useUserPermissionsContext } from '@/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/providers/workspace-permissions-provider'
+import { validateTriggerPaste } from '@/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/utils'
 import { useCollaborativeWorkflow } from '@/hooks/use-collaborative-workflow'
+import { useNotificationStore } from '@/stores/notifications'
 import { useWorkflowRegistry } from '@/stores/workflows/registry/store'
-import { useSubBlockStore } from '@/stores/workflows/subblock/store'
-import { getUniqueBlockName, prepareDuplicateBlockState } from '@/stores/workflows/utils'
 import { useWorkflowStore } from '@/stores/workflows/workflow/store'
 
 const DEFAULT_DUPLICATE_OFFSET = { x: 50, y: 50 }
@@ -48,29 +48,38 @@ export const ActionBar = memo(
       collaborativeBatchToggleBlockEnabled,
       collaborativeBatchToggleBlockHandles,
     } = useCollaborativeWorkflow()
-    const { activeWorkflowId, setPendingSelection } = useWorkflowRegistry()
+    const { setPendingSelection } = useWorkflowRegistry()
+
+    const addNotification = useNotificationStore((s) => s.addNotification)
 
     const handleDuplicateBlock = useCallback(() => {
-      const blocks = useWorkflowStore.getState().blocks
-      const sourceBlock = blocks[blockId]
-      if (!sourceBlock) return
+      const { copyBlocks, preparePasteData, activeWorkflowId } = useWorkflowRegistry.getState()
+      const existingBlocks = useWorkflowStore.getState().blocks
+      copyBlocks([blockId])
 
-      const newId = crypto.randomUUID()
-      const newName = getUniqueBlockName(sourceBlock.name, blocks)
-      const subBlockValues =
-        useSubBlockStore.getState().workflowValues[activeWorkflowId || '']?.[blockId] || {}
+      const pasteData = preparePasteData(DEFAULT_DUPLICATE_OFFSET)
+      if (!pasteData) return
 
-      const { block, subBlockValues: filteredValues } = prepareDuplicateBlockState({
-        sourceBlock,
-        newId,
-        newName,
-        positionOffset: DEFAULT_DUPLICATE_OFFSET,
-        subBlockValues,
-      })
+      const blocks = Object.values(pasteData.blocks)
+      const validation = validateTriggerPaste(blocks, existingBlocks, 'duplicate')
+      if (!validation.isValid) {
+        addNotification({
+          level: 'error',
+          message: validation.message!,
+          workflowId: activeWorkflowId || undefined,
+        })
+        return
+      }
 
-      setPendingSelection([newId])
-      collaborativeBatchAddBlocks([block], [], {}, {}, { [newId]: filteredValues })
-    }, [blockId, activeWorkflowId, collaborativeBatchAddBlocks, setPendingSelection])
+      setPendingSelection(blocks.map((b) => b.id))
+      collaborativeBatchAddBlocks(
+        blocks,
+        pasteData.edges,
+        pasteData.loops,
+        pasteData.parallels,
+        pasteData.subBlockValues
+      )
+    }, [blockId, addNotification, collaborativeBatchAddBlocks, setPendingSelection])
 
     const { isEnabled, horizontalHandles, parentId, parentType } = useWorkflowStore(
       useCallback(
@@ -90,7 +99,7 @@ export const ActionBar = memo(
 
     const userPermissions = useUserPermissionsContext()
 
-    const isStartBlock = isValidStartBlockType(blockType)
+    const isStartBlock = isInputDefinitionTrigger(blockType)
     const isResponseBlock = blockType === 'response'
     const isNoteBlock = blockType === 'note'
     const isSubflowBlock = blockType === 'loop' || blockType === 'parallel'
@@ -119,7 +128,30 @@ export const ActionBar = memo(
           'dark:border-transparent dark:bg-[var(--surface-4)]'
         )}
       >
-        {!isNoteBlock && !isSubflowBlock && (
+        {!isNoteBlock && (
+          <Tooltip.Root>
+            <Tooltip.Trigger asChild>
+              <Button
+                variant='ghost'
+                onClick={(e) => {
+                  e.stopPropagation()
+                  if (!disabled) {
+                    collaborativeBatchToggleBlockEnabled([blockId])
+                  }
+                }}
+                className={ACTION_BUTTON_STYLES}
+                disabled={disabled}
+              >
+                {isEnabled ? <Circle className={ICON_SIZE} /> : <CircleOff className={ICON_SIZE} />}
+              </Button>
+            </Tooltip.Trigger>
+            <Tooltip.Content side='top'>
+              {getTooltipMessage(isEnabled ? 'Disable Block' : 'Enable Block')}
+            </Tooltip.Content>
+          </Tooltip.Root>
+        )}
+
+        {isSubflowBlock && (
           <Tooltip.Root>
             <Tooltip.Trigger asChild>
               <Button
@@ -213,29 +245,6 @@ export const ActionBar = memo(
           </Tooltip.Root>
         )}
 
-        {isSubflowBlock && (
-          <Tooltip.Root>
-            <Tooltip.Trigger asChild>
-              <Button
-                variant='ghost'
-                onClick={(e) => {
-                  e.stopPropagation()
-                  if (!disabled) {
-                    collaborativeBatchToggleBlockEnabled([blockId])
-                  }
-                }}
-                className={ACTION_BUTTON_STYLES}
-                disabled={disabled}
-              >
-                {isEnabled ? <Circle className={ICON_SIZE} /> : <CircleOff className={ICON_SIZE} />}
-              </Button>
-            </Tooltip.Trigger>
-            <Tooltip.Content side='top'>
-              {getTooltipMessage(isEnabled ? 'Disable Block' : 'Enable Block')}
-            </Tooltip.Content>
-          </Tooltip.Root>
-        )}
-
         <Tooltip.Root>
           <Tooltip.Trigger asChild>
             <Button

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/block-menu/block-menu.tsx

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import {
   PopoverDivider,
   PopoverItem,
 } from '@/components/emcn'
-import { isValidStartBlockType } from '@/lib/workflows/triggers/start-block-types'
+import { TriggerUtils } from '@/lib/workflows/triggers/triggers'
 
 /**
  * Block information for context menu actions
@@ -74,12 +74,16 @@ export function BlockMenu({
   const allEnabled = selectedBlocks.every((b) => b.enabled)
   const allDisabled = selectedBlocks.every((b) => !b.enabled)
 
-  const hasStarterBlock = selectedBlocks.some((b) => isValidStartBlockType(b.type))
+  const hasSingletonBlock = selectedBlocks.some(
+    (b) =>
+      TriggerUtils.requiresSingleInstance(b.type) || TriggerUtils.isSingleInstanceBlockType(b.type)
+  )
+  const hasTriggerBlock = selectedBlocks.some((b) => TriggerUtils.isTriggerBlock(b))
   const allNoteBlocks = selectedBlocks.every((b) => b.type === 'note')
   const isSubflow =
     isSingleBlock && (selectedBlocks[0]?.type === 'loop' || selectedBlocks[0]?.type === 'parallel')
 
-  const canRemoveFromSubflow = showRemoveFromSubflow && !hasStarterBlock
+  const canRemoveFromSubflow = showRemoveFromSubflow && !hasTriggerBlock
 
   const getToggleEnabledLabel = () => {
     if (allEnabled) return 'Disable'
@@ -127,7 +131,7 @@ export function BlockMenu({
           <span>Paste</span>
           <span className='ml-auto opacity-70 group-hover:opacity-100'>⌘V</span>
         </PopoverItem>
-        {!hasStarterBlock && (
+        {!hasSingletonBlock && (
           <PopoverItem
             disabled={disableEdit}
             onClick={() => {

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/notifications/notifications.tsx

@@ -138,18 +138,24 @@ export const Notifications = memo(function Notifications() {
             }`}
           >
             <div className='flex h-full flex-col justify-between px-[8px] pt-[6px] pb-[8px]'>
-              <div
-                className={`font-medium text-[12px] leading-[16px] ${
-                  hasAction ? 'line-clamp-2' : 'line-clamp-4'
-                }`}
-              >
+              <div className='flex items-start gap-[8px]'>
+                <div
+                  className={`min-w-0 flex-1 font-medium text-[12px] leading-[16px] ${
+                    hasAction ? 'line-clamp-2' : 'line-clamp-4'
+                  }`}
+                >
+                  {notification.level === 'error' && (
+                    <span className='mr-[6px] mb-[2.75px] inline-block h-[6px] w-[6px] rounded-[2px] bg-[var(--text-error)] align-middle' />
+                  )}
+                  {notification.message}
+                </div>
                 <Tooltip.Root>
                   <Tooltip.Trigger asChild>
                     <Button
                       variant='ghost'
                       onClick={() => removeNotification(notification.id)}
                       aria-label='Dismiss notification'
-                      className='!p-1.5 -m-1.5 float-right ml-[16px]'
+                      className='!p-1.5 -m-1.5 shrink-0'
                     >
                       <X className='h-3 w-3' />
                     </Button>
@@ -158,10 +164,6 @@ export const Notifications = memo(function Notifications() {
                     <Tooltip.Shortcut keys='⌘E'>Clear all</Tooltip.Shortcut>
                   </Tooltip.Content>
                 </Tooltip.Root>
-                {notification.level === 'error' && (
-                  <span className='mr-[6px] mb-[2.75px] inline-block h-[6px] w-[6px] rounded-[2px] bg-[var(--text-error)] align-middle' />
-                )}
-                {notification.message}
               </div>
               {hasAction && (
                 <Button

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/panel/components/copilot/components/copilot-message/copilot-message.tsx

@@ -78,6 +78,7 @@ const CopilotMessage: FC<CopilotMessageProps> = memo(
       mode,
       setMode,
       isAborting,
+      maskCredentialValue,
     } = useCopilotStore()
 
     const messageCheckpoints = isUser ? allMessageCheckpoints[message.id] || [] : []
@@ -210,7 +211,10 @@ const CopilotMessage: FC<CopilotMessageProps> = memo(
           const isLastTextBlock =
             index === message.contentBlocks!.length - 1 && block.type === 'text'
           const parsed = parseSpecialTags(block.content)
-          const cleanBlockContent = parsed.cleanContent.replace(/\n{3,}/g, '\n\n')
+          // Mask credential IDs in the displayed content
+          const cleanBlockContent = maskCredentialValue(
+            parsed.cleanContent.replace(/\n{3,}/g, '\n\n')
+          )
 
           if (!cleanBlockContent.trim()) return null
 
@@ -238,7 +242,7 @@ const CopilotMessage: FC<CopilotMessageProps> = memo(
           return (
             <div key={blockKey} className='w-full'>
               <ThinkingBlock
-                content={block.content}
+                content={maskCredentialValue(block.content)}
                 isStreaming={isActivelyStreaming}
                 hasFollowingContent={hasFollowingContent}
                 hasSpecialTags={hasSpecialTags}
@@ -261,7 +265,7 @@ const CopilotMessage: FC<CopilotMessageProps> = memo(
         }
         return null
       })
-    }, [message.contentBlocks, isActivelyStreaming, parsedTags, isLastMessage])
+    }, [message.contentBlocks, isActivelyStreaming, parsedTags, isLastMessage, maskCredentialValue])
 
     if (isUser) {
       return (

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/panel/components/copilot/components/tool-call/tool-call.tsx

@@ -782,6 +782,7 @@ const SubagentContentRenderer = memo(function SubagentContentRenderer({
   const [isExpanded, setIsExpanded] = useState(true)
   const [duration, setDuration] = useState(0)
   const startTimeRef = useRef<number>(Date.now())
+  const maskCredentialValue = useCopilotStore((s) => s.maskCredentialValue)
   const wasStreamingRef = useRef(false)
 
   // Only show streaming animations for current message
@@ -816,14 +817,16 @@ const SubagentContentRenderer = memo(function SubagentContentRenderer({
       currentText += parsed.cleanContent
     } else if (block.type === 'subagent_tool_call' && block.toolCall) {
       if (currentText.trim()) {
-        segments.push({ type: 'text', content: currentText })
+        // Mask any credential IDs in the accumulated text before displaying
+        segments.push({ type: 'text', content: maskCredentialValue(currentText) })
         currentText = ''
       }
       segments.push({ type: 'tool', block })
     }
   }
   if (currentText.trim()) {
-    segments.push({ type: 'text', content: currentText })
+    // Mask any credential IDs in the accumulated text before displaying
+    segments.push({ type: 'text', content: maskCredentialValue(currentText) })
   }
 
   const allParsed = parseSpecialTags(allRawText)
@@ -952,6 +955,7 @@ const WorkflowEditSummary = memo(function WorkflowEditSummary({
   toolCall: CopilotToolCall
 }) {
   const blocks = useWorkflowStore((s) => s.blocks)
+  const maskCredentialValue = useCopilotStore((s) => s.maskCredentialValue)
 
   const cachedBlockInfoRef = useRef<Record<string, { name: string; type: string }>>({})
 
@@ -983,6 +987,7 @@ const WorkflowEditSummary = memo(function WorkflowEditSummary({
     title: string
     value: any
     isPassword?: boolean
+    isCredential?: boolean
   }
 
   interface BlockChange {
@@ -1091,6 +1096,7 @@ const WorkflowEditSummary = memo(function WorkflowEditSummary({
               title: subBlockConfig.title ?? subBlockConfig.id,
               value,
               isPassword: subBlockConfig.password === true,
+              isCredential: subBlockConfig.type === 'oauth-input',
             })
           }
         }
@@ -1172,8 +1178,15 @@ const WorkflowEditSummary = memo(function WorkflowEditSummary({
         {subBlocksToShow && subBlocksToShow.length > 0 && (
           <div className='border-[var(--border-1)] border-t px-2.5 py-1.5'>
             {subBlocksToShow.map((sb) => {
-              // Mask password fields like the canvas does
-              const displayValue = sb.isPassword ? '•••' : getDisplayValue(sb.value)
+              // Mask password fields and credential IDs
+              let displayValue: string
+              if (sb.isPassword) {
+                displayValue = '•••'
+              } else {
+                // Get display value first, then mask any credential IDs that might be in it
+                const rawValue = getDisplayValue(sb.value)
+                displayValue = maskCredentialValue(rawValue)
+              }
               return (
                 <div key={sb.id} className='flex items-start gap-1.5 py-0.5 text-[11px]'>
                   <span
@@ -1412,10 +1425,13 @@ function RunSkipButtons({
     setIsProcessing(true)
     setButtonsHidden(true)
     try {
-      // Add to auto-allowed list first
+      // Add to auto-allowed list - this also executes all pending integration tools of this type
       await addAutoAllowedTool(toolCall.name)
-      // Then execute
-      await handleRun(toolCall, setToolCallState, onStateChange, editedParams)
+      // For client tools with interrupts (not integration tools), we still need to call handleRun
+      // since executeIntegrationTool only works for server-side tools
+      if (!isIntegrationTool(toolCall.name)) {
+        await handleRun(toolCall, setToolCallState, onStateChange, editedParams)
+      }
     } finally {
       setIsProcessing(false)
       actionInProgressRef.current = false
@@ -1438,10 +1454,10 @@ function RunSkipButtons({
 
   if (buttonsHidden) return null
 
-  // Hide "Always Allow" for integration tools (only show for client tools with interrupts)
-  const showAlwaysAllow = !isIntegrationTool(toolCall.name)
+  // Show "Always Allow" for all tools that require confirmation
+  const showAlwaysAllow = true
 
-  // Standardized buttons for all interrupt tools: Allow, (Always Allow for client tools only), Skip
+  // Standardized buttons for all interrupt tools: Allow, Always Allow, Skip
   return (
     <div className='mt-[10px] flex gap-[6px]'>
       <Button onClick={onRun} disabled={isProcessing} variant='tertiary'>

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/panel/components/copilot/hooks/use-copilot-initialization.ts

@@ -105,10 +105,10 @@ export function useCopilotInitialization(props: UseCopilotInitializationProps) {
     isSendingMessage,
   ])
 
-  /** Load auto-allowed tools once on mount */
+  /** Load auto-allowed tools once on mount - runs immediately, independent of workflow */
   const hasLoadedAutoAllowedToolsRef = useRef(false)
   useEffect(() => {
-    if (hasMountedRef.current && !hasLoadedAutoAllowedToolsRef.current) {
+    if (!hasLoadedAutoAllowedToolsRef.current) {
       hasLoadedAutoAllowedToolsRef.current = true
       loadAutoAllowedTools().catch((err) => {
         logger.warn('[Copilot] Failed to load auto-allowed tools', err)

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/panel/components/deploy/components/deploy-modal/components/form/form.tsx

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ import { Skeleton } from '@/components/ui'
 import { isDev } from '@/lib/core/config/feature-flags'
 import { cn } from '@/lib/core/utils/cn'
 import { getBaseUrl, getEmailDomain } from '@/lib/core/utils/urls'
-import { isValidStartBlockType } from '@/lib/workflows/triggers/start-block-types'
+import { isInputDefinitionTrigger } from '@/lib/workflows/triggers/input-definition-triggers'
 import {
   type FieldConfig,
   useCreateForm,
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ export function FormDeploy({
 
   useEffect(() => {
     const blocks = Object.values(useWorkflowStore.getState().blocks)
-    const startBlock = blocks.find((b) => isValidStartBlockType(b.type))
+    const startBlock = blocks.find((b) => isInputDefinitionTrigger(b.type))
 
     if (startBlock) {
       const inputFormat = useSubBlockStore.getState().getValue(startBlock.id, 'inputFormat')

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/panel/components/deploy/components/deploy-modal/components/general/components/api-info-modal.tsx

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ import {
   Textarea,
 } from '@/components/emcn'
 import { normalizeInputFormatValue } from '@/lib/workflows/input-format'
-import { isValidStartBlockType } from '@/lib/workflows/triggers/start-block-types'
+import { isInputDefinitionTrigger } from '@/lib/workflows/triggers/input-definition-triggers'
 import type { InputFormatField } from '@/lib/workflows/types'
 import { useWorkflowRegistry } from '@/stores/workflows/registry/store'
 import { useSubBlockStore } from '@/stores/workflows/subblock/store'
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ export function ApiInfoModal({ open, onOpenChange, workflowId }: ApiInfoModalPro
     for (const [blockId, block] of Object.entries(blocks)) {
       if (!block || typeof block !== 'object') continue
       const blockType = (block as { type?: string }).type
-      if (blockType && isValidStartBlockType(blockType)) {
+      if (blockType && isInputDefinitionTrigger(blockType)) {
         return blockId
       }
     }

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/panel/components/deploy/components/deploy-modal/components/general/general.tsx

@@ -18,8 +18,8 @@ import {
 import { Skeleton } from '@/components/ui'
 import type { WorkflowDeploymentVersionResponse } from '@/lib/workflows/persistence/utils'
 import {
-  BlockDetailsSidebar,
   getLeftmostBlockId,
+  PreviewEditor,
   WorkflowPreview,
 } from '@/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/components/preview'
 import { useDeploymentVersionState, useRevertToVersion } from '@/hooks/queries/workflows'
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ export function GeneralDeploy({
                   />
                 </div>
                 {expandedSelectedBlockId && workflowToShow.blocks?.[expandedSelectedBlockId] && (
-                  <BlockDetailsSidebar
+                  <PreviewEditor
                     block={workflowToShow.blocks[expandedSelectedBlockId]}
                     workflowVariables={workflowToShow.variables}
                     loops={workflowToShow.loops}

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/panel/components/deploy/components/deploy-modal/components/mcp/mcp.tsx

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ import {
 import { Skeleton } from '@/components/ui'
 import { generateToolInputSchema, sanitizeToolName } from '@/lib/mcp/workflow-tool-schema'
 import { normalizeInputFormatValue } from '@/lib/workflows/input-format'
-import { isValidStartBlockType } from '@/lib/workflows/triggers/start-block-types'
+import { isInputDefinitionTrigger } from '@/lib/workflows/triggers/input-definition-triggers'
 import type { InputFormatField } from '@/lib/workflows/types'
 import {
   useAddWorkflowMcpTool,
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ export function McpDeploy({
     for (const [blockId, block] of Object.entries(blocks)) {
       if (!block || typeof block !== 'object') continue
       const blockType = (block as { type?: string }).type
-      if (blockType && isValidStartBlockType(blockType)) {
+      if (blockType && isInputDefinitionTrigger(blockType)) {
         return blockId
       }
     }

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/panel/components/deploy/components/deploy-modal/components/template/template.tsx

@@ -446,7 +446,6 @@ const OGCaptureContainer = forwardRef<HTMLDivElement>((_, ref) => {
         isPannable={false}
         defaultZoom={0.8}
         fitPadding={0.2}
-        lightweight
       />
     </div>
   )

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/panel/components/editor/components/sub-block/components/code/code.tsx

@@ -35,9 +35,9 @@ import { WandPromptBar } from '@/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/comp
 import { useAccessibleReferencePrefixes } from '@/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/hooks/use-accessible-reference-prefixes'
 import { useWand } from '@/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/hooks/use-wand'
 import type { GenerationType } from '@/blocks/types'
+import { normalizeName } from '@/executor/constants'
 import { createEnvVarPattern, createReferencePattern } from '@/executor/utils/reference-validation'
 import { useTagSelection } from '@/hooks/kb/use-tag-selection'
-import { normalizeName } from '@/stores/workflows/utils'
 
 const logger = createLogger('Code')
 

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/panel/components/editor/components/sub-block/components/combobox/combobox.tsx

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { memo, useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useRef, useState } from 'react'
 import { isEqual } from 'lodash'
 import { useReactFlow } from 'reactflow'
+import { useStoreWithEqualityFn } from 'zustand/traditional'
 import { Combobox, type ComboboxOption } from '@/components/emcn/components'
 import { cn } from '@/lib/core/utils/cn'
 import { buildCanonicalIndex, resolveDependencyValue } from '@/lib/workflows/subblocks/visibility'
@@ -102,7 +103,8 @@ export const ComboBox = memo(function ComboBox({
     [blockConfig?.subBlocks]
   )
   const canonicalModeOverrides = blockState?.data?.canonicalModes
-  const dependencyValues = useSubBlockStore(
+  const dependencyValues = useStoreWithEqualityFn(
+    useSubBlockStore,
     useCallback(
       (state) => {
         if (dependsOnFields.length === 0 || !activeWorkflowId) return []

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/panel/components/editor/components/sub-block/components/condition-input/condition-input.tsx

@@ -32,9 +32,9 @@ import {
 } from '@/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/panel/components/editor/components/sub-block/components/tag-dropdown/tag-dropdown'
 import { useSubBlockValue } from '@/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/panel/components/editor/components/sub-block/hooks/use-sub-block-value'
 import { useAccessibleReferencePrefixes } from '@/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/hooks/use-accessible-reference-prefixes'
+import { normalizeName } from '@/executor/constants'
 import { createEnvVarPattern, createReferencePattern } from '@/executor/utils/reference-validation'
 import { useTagSelection } from '@/hooks/kb/use-tag-selection'
-import { normalizeName } from '@/stores/workflows/utils'
 import { useWorkflowStore } from '@/stores/workflows/workflow/store'
 
 const logger = createLogger('ConditionInput')

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/panel/components/editor/components/sub-block/components/dropdown/dropdown.tsx

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { memo, useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useRef, useState } from 'react'
 import { isEqual } from 'lodash'
+import { useStoreWithEqualityFn } from 'zustand/traditional'
 import { Badge } from '@/components/emcn'
 import { Combobox, type ComboboxOption } from '@/components/emcn/components'
 import { buildCanonicalIndex, resolveDependencyValue } from '@/lib/workflows/subblocks/visibility'
@@ -100,7 +101,8 @@ export const Dropdown = memo(function Dropdown({
     [blockConfig?.subBlocks]
   )
   const canonicalModeOverrides = blockState?.data?.canonicalModes
-  const dependencyValues = useSubBlockStore(
+  const dependencyValues = useStoreWithEqualityFn(
+    useSubBlockStore,
     useCallback(
       (state) => {
         if (dependsOnFields.length === 0 || !activeWorkflowId) return []

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/panel/components/editor/components/sub-block/components/formatted-text.tsx

@@ -2,9 +2,8 @@
 
 import type { ReactNode } from 'react'
 import { splitReferenceSegment } from '@/lib/workflows/sanitization/references'
-import { REFERENCE } from '@/executor/constants'
+import { normalizeName, REFERENCE } from '@/executor/constants'
 import { createCombinedPattern } from '@/executor/utils/reference-validation'
-import { normalizeName } from '@/stores/workflows/utils'
 
 export interface HighlightContext {
   accessiblePrefixes?: Set<string>

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/panel/components/editor/components/sub-block/components/index.ts

@@ -34,3 +34,4 @@ export { Text } from './text/text'
 export { TimeInput } from './time-input/time-input'
 export { ToolInput } from './tool-input/tool-input'
 export { VariablesInput } from './variables-input/variables-input'
+export { WorkflowSelectorInput } from './workflow-selector/workflow-selector-input'

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/panel/components/editor/components/sub-block/components/input-mapping/input-mapping.tsx

@@ -2,12 +2,13 @@ import { useMemo, useRef, useState } from 'react'
 import { Badge, Input } from '@/components/emcn'
 import { Label } from '@/components/ui/label'
 import { cn } from '@/lib/core/utils/cn'
+import { extractInputFieldsFromBlocks } from '@/lib/workflows/input-format'
 import { formatDisplayText } from '@/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/panel/components/editor/components/sub-block/components/formatted-text'
 import { TagDropdown } from '@/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/panel/components/editor/components/sub-block/components/tag-dropdown/tag-dropdown'
 import { useSubBlockInput } from '@/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/panel/components/editor/components/sub-block/hooks/use-sub-block-input'
 import { useSubBlockValue } from '@/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/panel/components/editor/components/sub-block/hooks/use-sub-block-value'
 import { useAccessibleReferencePrefixes } from '@/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/hooks/use-accessible-reference-prefixes'
-import { useWorkflowInputFields } from '@/hooks/queries/workflows'
+import { useWorkflowState } from '@/hooks/queries/workflows'
 
 /**
  * Props for the InputMappingField component
@@ -70,7 +71,11 @@ export function InputMapping({
   const overlayRefs = useRef<Map<string, HTMLDivElement>>(new Map())
 
   const workflowId = typeof selectedWorkflowId === 'string' ? selectedWorkflowId : undefined
-  const { data: childInputFields = [], isLoading } = useWorkflowInputFields(workflowId)
+  const { data: workflowState, isLoading } = useWorkflowState(workflowId)
+  const childInputFields = useMemo(
+    () => (workflowState?.blocks ? extractInputFieldsFromBlocks(workflowState.blocks) : []),
+    [workflowState?.blocks]
+  )
   const [collapsedFields, setCollapsedFields] = useState<Record<string, boolean>>({})
 
   const valueObj: Record<string, string> = useMemo(() => {

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/panel/components/editor/components/sub-block/components/messages-input/messages-input.tsx

@@ -1,4 +1,12 @@
-import { useCallback, useEffect, useImperativeHandle, useMemo, useRef, useState } from 'react'
+import {
+  useCallback,
+  useEffect,
+  useImperativeHandle,
+  useLayoutEffect,
+  useMemo,
+  useRef,
+  useState,
+} from 'react'
 import { isEqual } from 'lodash'
 import { ChevronDown, ChevronsUpDown, ChevronUp, Plus } from 'lucide-react'
 import { Button, Popover, PopoverContent, PopoverItem, PopoverTrigger } from '@/components/emcn'
@@ -382,93 +390,138 @@ export function MessagesInput({
     textareaRefs.current[fieldId]?.focus()
   }, [])
 
-  const autoResizeTextarea = useCallback((fieldId: string) => {
+  const syncOverlay = useCallback((fieldId: string) => {
     const textarea = textareaRefs.current[fieldId]
-    if (!textarea) return
     const overlay = overlayRefs.current[fieldId]
+    if (!textarea || !overlay) return
 
-    // If user has manually resized, respect their chosen height and only sync overlay.
-    if (userResizedRef.current[fieldId]) {
-      const currentHeight =
-        textarea.offsetHeight || Number.parseFloat(textarea.style.height) || MIN_TEXTAREA_HEIGHT_PX
-      const clampedHeight = Math.max(MIN_TEXTAREA_HEIGHT_PX, currentHeight)
-      textarea.style.height = `${clampedHeight}px`
-      if (overlay) {
-        overlay.style.height = `${clampedHeight}px`
-      }
-      return
-    }
-
-    textarea.style.height = 'auto'
-    const naturalHeight = textarea.scrollHeight || MIN_TEXTAREA_HEIGHT_PX
-    const nextHeight = Math.min(
-      MAX_TEXTAREA_HEIGHT_PX,
-      Math.max(MIN_TEXTAREA_HEIGHT_PX, naturalHeight)
-    )
-    textarea.style.height = `${nextHeight}px`
-
-    if (overlay) {
-      overlay.style.height = `${nextHeight}px`
-    }
+    overlay.style.width = `${textarea.clientWidth}px`
+    overlay.scrollTop = textarea.scrollTop
+    overlay.scrollLeft = textarea.scrollLeft
   }, [])
 
-  const handleResizeStart = useCallback((fieldId: string, e: React.MouseEvent<HTMLDivElement>) => {
-    e.preventDefault()
-    e.stopPropagation()
+  const autoResizeTextarea = useCallback(
+    (fieldId: string) => {
+      const textarea = textareaRefs.current[fieldId]
+      const overlay = overlayRefs.current[fieldId]
+      if (!textarea) return
 
-    const textarea = textareaRefs.current[fieldId]
-    if (!textarea) return
-
-    const startHeight = textarea.offsetHeight || textarea.scrollHeight || MIN_TEXTAREA_HEIGHT_PX
-
-    isResizingRef.current = true
-    resizeStateRef.current = {
-      fieldId,
-      startY: e.clientY,
-      startHeight,
-    }
-
-    const handleMouseMove = (moveEvent: MouseEvent) => {
-      if (!isResizingRef.current || !resizeStateRef.current) return
-
-      const { fieldId: activeFieldId, startY, startHeight } = resizeStateRef.current
-      const deltaY = moveEvent.clientY - startY
-      const nextHeight = Math.max(MIN_TEXTAREA_HEIGHT_PX, startHeight + deltaY)
-
-      const activeTextarea = textareaRefs.current[activeFieldId]
-      if (activeTextarea) {
-        activeTextarea.style.height = `${nextHeight}px`
+      if (!textarea.value.trim()) {
+        userResizedRef.current[fieldId] = false
       }
 
-      const overlay = overlayRefs.current[activeFieldId]
+      if (userResizedRef.current[fieldId]) {
+        if (overlay) {
+          overlay.style.height = `${textarea.offsetHeight}px`
+        }
+        syncOverlay(fieldId)
+        return
+      }
+
+      textarea.style.height = 'auto'
+      const scrollHeight = textarea.scrollHeight
+      const height = Math.min(
+        MAX_TEXTAREA_HEIGHT_PX,
+        Math.max(MIN_TEXTAREA_HEIGHT_PX, scrollHeight)
+      )
+
+      textarea.style.height = `${height}px`
       if (overlay) {
-        overlay.style.height = `${nextHeight}px`
-      }
-    }
-
-    const handleMouseUp = () => {
-      if (resizeStateRef.current) {
-        const { fieldId: activeFieldId } = resizeStateRef.current
-        userResizedRef.current[activeFieldId] = true
+        overlay.style.height = `${height}px`
       }
 
-      isResizingRef.current = false
-      resizeStateRef.current = null
-      document.removeEventListener('mousemove', handleMouseMove)
-      document.removeEventListener('mouseup', handleMouseUp)
-    }
+      syncOverlay(fieldId)
+    },
+    [syncOverlay]
+  )
 
-    document.addEventListener('mousemove', handleMouseMove)
-    document.addEventListener('mouseup', handleMouseUp)
-  }, [])
+  const handleResizeStart = useCallback(
+    (fieldId: string, e: React.MouseEvent<HTMLDivElement>) => {
+      e.preventDefault()
+      e.stopPropagation()
 
-  useEffect(() => {
+      const textarea = textareaRefs.current[fieldId]
+      if (!textarea) return
+
+      const startHeight = textarea.offsetHeight || textarea.scrollHeight || MIN_TEXTAREA_HEIGHT_PX
+
+      isResizingRef.current = true
+      resizeStateRef.current = {
+        fieldId,
+        startY: e.clientY,
+        startHeight,
+      }
+
+      const handleMouseMove = (moveEvent: MouseEvent) => {
+        if (!isResizingRef.current || !resizeStateRef.current) return
+
+        const { fieldId: activeFieldId, startY, startHeight } = resizeStateRef.current
+        const deltaY = moveEvent.clientY - startY
+        const nextHeight = Math.max(MIN_TEXTAREA_HEIGHT_PX, startHeight + deltaY)
+
+        const activeTextarea = textareaRefs.current[activeFieldId]
+        const overlay = overlayRefs.current[activeFieldId]
+
+        if (activeTextarea) {
+          activeTextarea.style.height = `${nextHeight}px`
+        }
+
+        if (overlay) {
+          overlay.style.height = `${nextHeight}px`
+          if (activeTextarea) {
+            overlay.scrollTop = activeTextarea.scrollTop
+            overlay.scrollLeft = activeTextarea.scrollLeft
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      const handleMouseUp = () => {
+        if (resizeStateRef.current) {
+          const { fieldId: activeFieldId } = resizeStateRef.current
+          userResizedRef.current[activeFieldId] = true
+          syncOverlay(activeFieldId)
+        }
+
+        isResizingRef.current = false
+        resizeStateRef.current = null
+        document.removeEventListener('mousemove', handleMouseMove)
+        document.removeEventListener('mouseup', handleMouseUp)
+      }
+
+      document.addEventListener('mousemove', handleMouseMove)
+      document.addEventListener('mouseup', handleMouseUp)
+    },
+    [syncOverlay]
+  )
+
+  useLayoutEffect(() => {
     currentMessages.forEach((_, index) => {
-      const fieldId = `message-${index}`
-      autoResizeTextarea(fieldId)
+      autoResizeTextarea(`message-${index}`)
     })
   }, [currentMessages, autoResizeTextarea])
 
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const observers: ResizeObserver[] = []
+
+    for (let i = 0; i < currentMessages.length; i++) {
+      const fieldId = `message-${i}`
+      const textarea = textareaRefs.current[fieldId]
+      const overlay = overlayRefs.current[fieldId]
+
+      if (textarea && overlay) {
+        const observer = new ResizeObserver(() => {
+          overlay.style.width = `${textarea.clientWidth}px`
+        })
+        observer.observe(textarea)
+        observers.push(observer)
+      }
+    }
+
+    return () => {
+      observers.forEach((observer) => observer.disconnect())
+    }
+  }, [currentMessages.length])
+
   return (
     <div className='flex w-full flex-col gap-[10px]'>
       {currentMessages.map((message, index) => (
@@ -621,19 +674,15 @@ export function MessagesInput({
                 </div>
 
                 {/* Content Input with overlay for variable highlighting */}
-                <div className='relative w-full'>
+                <div className='relative w-full overflow-hidden'>
                   <textarea
                     ref={(el) => {
                       textareaRefs.current[fieldId] = el
                     }}
-                    className='allow-scroll box-border min-h-[80px] w-full resize-none whitespace-pre-wrap break-words border-none bg-transparent px-[8px] pt-[8px] font-[inherit] font-medium text-sm text-transparent leading-[inherit] caret-[var(--text-primary)] outline-none placeholder:text-[var(--text-muted)] focus:outline-none focus-visible:outline-none disabled:cursor-not-allowed'
-                    rows={3}
+                    className='relative z-[2] m-0 box-border h-auto min-h-[80px] w-full resize-none overflow-y-auto overflow-x-hidden whitespace-pre-wrap break-words border-none bg-transparent px-[8px] py-[8px] font-medium font-sans text-sm text-transparent leading-[1.5] caret-[var(--text-primary)] outline-none [-ms-overflow-style:none] [scrollbar-width:none] placeholder:text-[var(--text-muted)] focus:outline-none focus-visible:outline-none disabled:cursor-not-allowed [&::-webkit-scrollbar]:hidden'
                     placeholder='Enter message content...'
                     value={message.content}
-                    onChange={(e) => {
-                      fieldHandlers.onChange(e)
-                      autoResizeTextarea(fieldId)
-                    }}
+                    onChange={fieldHandlers.onChange}
                     onKeyDown={(e) => {
                       if (e.key === 'Tab' && !isPreview && !disabled) {
                         e.preventDefault()
@@ -670,12 +719,13 @@ export function MessagesInput({
                     ref={(el) => {
                       overlayRefs.current[fieldId] = el
                     }}
-                    className='scrollbar-none pointer-events-none absolute top-0 left-0 box-border w-full overflow-auto whitespace-pre-wrap break-words border-none bg-transparent px-[8px] pt-[8px] font-[inherit] font-medium text-[var(--text-primary)] text-sm leading-[inherit]'
+                    className='pointer-events-none absolute top-0 left-0 z-[1] m-0 box-border w-full overflow-y-auto overflow-x-hidden whitespace-pre-wrap break-words border-none bg-transparent px-[8px] py-[8px] font-medium font-sans text-[var(--text-primary)] text-sm leading-[1.5] [-ms-overflow-style:none] [scrollbar-width:none] [&::-webkit-scrollbar]:hidden'
                   >
                     {formatDisplayText(message.content, {
                       accessiblePrefixes,
                       highlightAll: !accessiblePrefixes,
                     })}
+                    {message.content.endsWith('\n') && '\u200B'}
                   </div>
 
                   {/* Env var dropdown for this message */}
@@ -705,7 +755,7 @@ export function MessagesInput({
 
                   {!isPreview && !disabled && (
                     <div
-                      className='absolute right-1 bottom-1 flex h-4 w-4 cursor-ns-resize items-center justify-center rounded-[4px] border border-[var(--border-1)] bg-[var(--surface-5)] dark:bg-[var(--surface-5)]'
+                      className='absolute right-1 bottom-1 z-[3] flex h-4 w-4 cursor-ns-resize items-center justify-center rounded-[4px] border border-[var(--border-1)] bg-[var(--surface-5)] dark:bg-[var(--surface-5)]'
                       onMouseDown={(e) => handleResizeStart(fieldId, e)}
                       onDragStart={(e) => {
                         e.preventDefault()

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/panel/components/editor/components/sub-block/components/tag-dropdown/tag-dropdown.tsx

@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@ import type {
 import { useAccessibleReferencePrefixes } from '@/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/hooks/use-accessible-reference-prefixes'
 import { getBlock } from '@/blocks'
 import type { BlockConfig } from '@/blocks/types'
+import { normalizeName } from '@/executor/constants'
 import type { Variable } from '@/stores/panel'
 import { useVariablesStore } from '@/stores/panel'
 import { useWorkflowRegistry } from '@/stores/workflows/registry/store'
 import { useSubBlockStore } from '@/stores/workflows/subblock/store'
-import { normalizeName } from '@/stores/workflows/utils'
 import { useWorkflowStore } from '@/stores/workflows/workflow/store'
 import type { BlockState } from '@/stores/workflows/workflow/types'
 
@@ -1312,15 +1312,16 @@ export const TagDropdown: React.FC<TagDropdownProps> = ({
     if (currentLoop && isLoopBlock) {
       containingLoopBlockId = blockId
       const loopType = currentLoop.loopType || 'for'
-      const contextualTags: string[] = ['index']
-      if (loopType === 'forEach') {
-        contextualTags.push('currentItem')
-        contextualTags.push('items')
-      }
 
       const loopBlock = blocks[blockId]
       if (loopBlock) {
         const loopBlockName = loopBlock.name || loopBlock.type
+        const normalizedLoopName = normalizeName(loopBlockName)
+        const contextualTags: string[] = [`${normalizedLoopName}.index`]
+        if (loopType === 'forEach') {
+          contextualTags.push(`${normalizedLoopName}.currentItem`)
+          contextualTags.push(`${normalizedLoopName}.items`)
+        }
 
         loopBlockGroup = {
           blockName: loopBlockName,
@@ -1328,21 +1329,23 @@ export const TagDropdown: React.FC<TagDropdownProps> = ({
           blockType: 'loop',
           tags: contextualTags,
           distance: 0,
+          isContextual: true,
         }
       }
     } else if (containingLoop) {
       const [loopId, loop] = containingLoop
       containingLoopBlockId = loopId
       const loopType = loop.loopType || 'for'
-      const contextualTags: string[] = ['index']
-      if (loopType === 'forEach') {
-        contextualTags.push('currentItem')
-        contextualTags.push('items')
-      }
 
       const containingLoopBlock = blocks[loopId]
       if (containingLoopBlock) {
         const loopBlockName = containingLoopBlock.name || containingLoopBlock.type
+        const normalizedLoopName = normalizeName(loopBlockName)
+        const contextualTags: string[] = [`${normalizedLoopName}.index`]
+        if (loopType === 'forEach') {
+          contextualTags.push(`${normalizedLoopName}.currentItem`)
+          contextualTags.push(`${normalizedLoopName}.items`)
+        }
 
         loopBlockGroup = {
           blockName: loopBlockName,
@@ -1350,6 +1353,7 @@ export const TagDropdown: React.FC<TagDropdownProps> = ({
           blockType: 'loop',
           tags: contextualTags,
           distance: 0,
+          isContextual: true,
         }
       }
     }
@@ -1363,15 +1367,16 @@ export const TagDropdown: React.FC<TagDropdownProps> = ({
       const [parallelId, parallel] = containingParallel
       containingParallelBlockId = parallelId
       const parallelType = parallel.parallelType || 'count'
-      const contextualTags: string[] = ['index']
-      if (parallelType === 'collection') {
-        contextualTags.push('currentItem')
-        contextualTags.push('items')
-      }
 
       const containingParallelBlock = blocks[parallelId]
       if (containingParallelBlock) {
         const parallelBlockName = containingParallelBlock.name || containingParallelBlock.type
+        const normalizedParallelName = normalizeName(parallelBlockName)
+        const contextualTags: string[] = [`${normalizedParallelName}.index`]
+        if (parallelType === 'collection') {
+          contextualTags.push(`${normalizedParallelName}.currentItem`)
+          contextualTags.push(`${normalizedParallelName}.items`)
+        }
 
         parallelBlockGroup = {
           blockName: parallelBlockName,
@@ -1379,6 +1384,7 @@ export const TagDropdown: React.FC<TagDropdownProps> = ({
           blockType: 'parallel',
           tags: contextualTags,
           distance: 0,
+          isContextual: true,
         }
       }
     }
@@ -1645,38 +1651,29 @@ export const TagDropdown: React.FC<TagDropdownProps> = ({
   const nestedBlockTagGroups: NestedBlockTagGroup[] = useMemo(() => {
     return filteredBlockTagGroups.map((group: BlockTagGroup) => {
       const normalizedBlockName = normalizeName(group.blockName)
-
-      // Handle loop/parallel contextual tags (index, currentItem, items)
       const directTags: NestedTag[] = []
       const tagsForTree: string[] = []
 
       group.tags.forEach((tag: string) => {
         const tagParts = tag.split('.')
 
-        // Loop/parallel contextual tags without block prefix
-        if (
-          (group.blockType === 'loop' || group.blockType === 'parallel') &&
-          tagParts.length === 1
-        ) {
+        if (tagParts.length === 1) {
           directTags.push({
             key: tag,
             display: tag,
             fullTag: tag,
           })
         } else if (tagParts.length === 2) {
-          // Direct property like blockname.property
           directTags.push({
             key: tagParts[1],
             display: tagParts[1],
             fullTag: tag,
           })
         } else {
-          // Nested property - add to tree builder
           tagsForTree.push(tag)
         }
       })
 
-      // Build recursive tree from nested tags
       const nestedTags = [...directTags, ...buildNestedTagTree(tagsForTree, normalizedBlockName)]
 
       return {
@@ -1800,13 +1797,19 @@ export const TagDropdown: React.FC<TagDropdownProps> = ({
           processedTag = tag
         }
       } else if (
-        blockGroup &&
+        blockGroup?.isContextual &&
         (blockGroup.blockType === 'loop' || blockGroup.blockType === 'parallel')
       ) {
-        if (!tag.includes('.') && ['index', 'currentItem', 'items'].includes(tag)) {
-          processedTag = `${blockGroup.blockType}.${tag}`
+        const tagParts = tag.split('.')
+        if (tagParts.length === 1) {
+          processedTag = blockGroup.blockType
         } else {
-          processedTag = tag
+          const lastPart = tagParts[tagParts.length - 1]
+          if (['index', 'currentItem', 'items'].includes(lastPart)) {
+            processedTag = `${blockGroup.blockType}.${lastPart}`
+          } else {
+            processedTag = tag
+          }
         }
       }
 

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/panel/components/editor/components/sub-block/components/tag-dropdown/types.ts

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ export interface BlockTagGroup {
   blockType: string
   tags: string[]
   distance: number
+  /** True if this is a contextual group (loop/parallel iteration context available inside the subflow) */
+  isContextual?: boolean
 }
 
 /**

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/panel/components/editor/components/sub-block/components/tool-input/tool-input.tsx

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ import {
   type OAuthProvider,
   type OAuthService,
 } from '@/lib/oauth'
+import { extractInputFieldsFromBlocks } from '@/lib/workflows/input-format'
 import { useUserPermissionsContext } from '@/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/providers/workspace-permissions-provider'
 import {
   CheckboxList,
@@ -65,7 +66,7 @@ import { useForceRefreshMcpTools, useMcpServers, useStoredMcpTools } from '@/hoo
 import {
   useChildDeploymentStatus,
   useDeployChildWorkflow,
-  useWorkflowInputFields,
+  useWorkflowState,
   useWorkflows,
 } from '@/hooks/queries/workflows'
 import { usePermissionConfig } from '@/hooks/use-permission-config'
@@ -771,7 +772,11 @@ function WorkflowInputMapperSyncWrapper({
   disabled: boolean
   workflowId: string
 }) {
-  const { data: inputFields = [], isLoading } = useWorkflowInputFields(workflowId)
+  const { data: workflowState, isLoading } = useWorkflowState(workflowId)
+  const inputFields = useMemo(
+    () => (workflowState?.blocks ? extractInputFieldsFromBlocks(workflowState.blocks) : []),
+    [workflowState?.blocks]
+  )
 
   const parsedValue = useMemo(() => {
     try {

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/panel/components/editor/components/sub-block/components/workflow-selector/workflow-selector-input.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+'use client'
+
+import { useMemo } from 'react'
+import { SelectorCombobox } from '@/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/panel/components/editor/components/sub-block/components/selector-combobox/selector-combobox'
+import type { SubBlockConfig } from '@/blocks/types'
+import type { SelectorContext } from '@/hooks/selectors/types'
+import { useWorkflowRegistry } from '@/stores/workflows/registry/store'
+
+interface WorkflowSelectorInputProps {
+  blockId: string
+  subBlock: SubBlockConfig
+  disabled?: boolean
+  isPreview?: boolean
+  previewValue?: string | null
+}
+
+export function WorkflowSelectorInput({
+  blockId,
+  subBlock,
+  disabled = false,
+  isPreview = false,
+  previewValue,
+}: WorkflowSelectorInputProps) {
+  const activeWorkflowId = useWorkflowRegistry((s) => s.activeWorkflowId)
+
+  const context: SelectorContext = useMemo(
+    () => ({
+      excludeWorkflowId: activeWorkflowId ?? undefined,
+    }),
+    [activeWorkflowId]
+  )
+
+  return (
+    <SelectorCombobox
+      blockId={blockId}
+      subBlock={subBlock}
+      selectorKey='sim.workflows'
+      selectorContext={context}
+      disabled={disabled}
+      isPreview={isPreview}
+      previewValue={previewValue}
+      placeholder={subBlock.placeholder || 'Select workflow...'}
+    />
+  )
+}

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/panel/components/editor/components/sub-block/hooks/use-depends-on-gate.ts

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 import { useCallback, useMemo } from 'react'
 import { isEqual } from 'lodash'
+import { useStoreWithEqualityFn } from 'zustand/traditional'
 import {
   buildCanonicalIndex,
   isNonEmptyValue,
@@ -151,7 +152,7 @@ export function useDependsOnGate(
 
   // Get values for all dependency fields (both all and any)
   // Use isEqual to prevent re-renders when dependency values haven't actually changed
-  const dependencyValuesMap = useSubBlockStore(dependencySelector, isEqual)
+  const dependencyValuesMap = useStoreWithEqualityFn(useSubBlockStore, dependencySelector, isEqual)
 
   const depsSatisfied = useMemo(() => {
     // Check all fields (AND logic) - all must be satisfied

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/panel/components/editor/components/sub-block/hooks/use-sub-block-value.ts

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { useCallback, useEffect, useRef } from 'react'
 import { createLogger } from '@sim/logger'
 import { isEqual } from 'lodash'
 import { useShallow } from 'zustand/react/shallow'
+import { useStoreWithEqualityFn } from 'zustand/traditional'
 import { useCollaborativeWorkflow } from '@/hooks/use-collaborative-workflow'
 import { getProviderFromModel } from '@/providers/utils'
 import { useWorkflowDiffStore } from '@/stores/workflow-diff/store'
@@ -58,7 +59,8 @@ export function useSubBlockValue<T = any>(
   const streamingValueRef = useRef<T | null>(null)
   const wasStreamingRef = useRef<boolean>(false)
 
-  const storeValue = useSubBlockStore(
+  const storeValue = useStoreWithEqualityFn(
+    useSubBlockStore,
     useCallback(
       (state) => {
         // If the active workflow ID isn't available yet, return undefined so we can fall back to initialValue
@@ -92,7 +94,8 @@ export function useSubBlockValue<T = any>(
 
   // Always call this hook unconditionally - don't wrap it in a condition
   // Optimized: only re-render if model value actually changes
-  const modelSubBlockValue = useSubBlockStore(
+  const modelSubBlockValue = useStoreWithEqualityFn(
+    useSubBlockStore,
     useCallback((state) => (blockId ? state.getValue(blockId, 'model') : null), [blockId]),
     (a, b) => a === b
   )

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/panel/components/editor/components/sub-block/sub-block.tsx

@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ import {
   TimeInput,
   ToolInput,
   VariablesInput,
+  WorkflowSelectorInput,
 } from '@/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/panel/components/editor/components/sub-block/components'
 import { useDependsOnGate } from '@/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/panel/components/editor/components/sub-block/hooks/use-depends-on-gate'
 import type { SubBlockConfig } from '@/blocks/types'
@@ -90,7 +91,6 @@ const isFieldRequired = (config: SubBlockConfig, subBlockValues?: Record<string,
   if (!config.required) return false
   if (typeof config.required === 'boolean') return config.required
 
-  // Helper function to evaluate a condition
   const evalCond = (
     cond: {
       field: string
@@ -132,7 +132,6 @@ const isFieldRequired = (config: SubBlockConfig, subBlockValues?: Record<string,
     return match
   }
 
-  // If required is a condition object or function, evaluate it
   const condition = typeof config.required === 'function' ? config.required() : config.required
   return evalCond(condition, subBlockValues || {})
 }
@@ -378,7 +377,6 @@ function SubBlockComponent({
     setIsValidJson(isValid)
   }
 
-  // Check if wand is enabled for this sub-block
   const isWandEnabled = config.wandConfig?.enabled ?? false
 
   /**
@@ -438,8 +436,6 @@ function SubBlockComponent({
     | null
     | undefined
 
-  // Use dependsOn gating to compute final disabled state
-  // Only pass previewContextValues when in preview mode to avoid format mismatches
   const { finalDisabled: gatedDisabled } = useDependsOnGate(blockId, config, {
     disabled,
     isPreview,
@@ -869,6 +865,17 @@ function SubBlockComponent({
           />
         )
 
+      case 'workflow-selector':
+        return (
+          <WorkflowSelectorInput
+            blockId={blockId}
+            subBlock={config}
+            disabled={isDisabled}
+            isPreview={isPreview}
+            previewValue={previewValue as string | null}
+          />
+        )
+
       case 'mcp-server-selector':
         return (
           <McpServerSelector

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/panel/components/editor/components/subflow-editor/subflow-editor.tsx

@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ export function SubflowEditor({
     <div className='flex flex-1 flex-col overflow-hidden pt-[0px]'>
       {/* Subflow Editor Section */}
       <div ref={subBlocksRef} className='subblocks-section flex flex-1 flex-col overflow-hidden'>
-        <div className='flex-1 overflow-y-auto overflow-x-hidden px-[8px] pt-[5px] pb-[8px]'>
+        <div className='flex-1 overflow-y-auto overflow-x-hidden px-[8px] pt-[9px] pb-[8px]'>
           {/* Type Selection */}
           <div>
             <Label className='mb-[6.5px] block pl-[2px] font-medium text-[13px] text-[var(--text-primary)]'>

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/panel/components/editor/editor.tsx

@@ -2,8 +2,18 @@
 
 import { useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useRef, useState } from 'react'
 import { isEqual } from 'lodash'
-import { BookOpen, Check, ChevronDown, ChevronUp, Pencil } from 'lucide-react'
+import {
+  BookOpen,
+  Check,
+  ChevronDown,
+  ChevronUp,
+  ExternalLink,
+  Loader2,
+  Pencil,
+} from 'lucide-react'
+import { useParams } from 'next/navigation'
 import { useShallow } from 'zustand/react/shallow'
+import { useStoreWithEqualityFn } from 'zustand/traditional'
 import { Button, Tooltip } from '@/components/emcn'
 import {
   buildCanonicalIndex,
@@ -28,8 +38,10 @@ import { LoopTool } from '@/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/component
 import { ParallelTool } from '@/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/subflows/parallel/parallel-config'
 import { getSubBlockStableKey } from '@/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/workflow-block/utils'
 import { useCurrentWorkflow } from '@/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/hooks'
+import { WorkflowPreview } from '@/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/components/preview'
 import { getBlock } from '@/blocks/registry'
 import type { SubBlockType } from '@/blocks/types'
+import { useWorkflowState } from '@/hooks/queries/workflows'
 import { useCollaborativeWorkflow } from '@/hooks/use-collaborative-workflow'
 import { usePanelEditorStore } from '@/stores/panel'
 import { useWorkflowRegistry } from '@/stores/workflows/registry/store'
@@ -84,6 +96,14 @@ export function Editor() {
   // Get subflow display properties from configs
   const subflowConfig = isSubflow ? (currentBlock.type === 'loop' ? LoopTool : ParallelTool) : null
 
+  // Check if selected block is a workflow block
+  const isWorkflowBlock =
+    currentBlock && (currentBlock.type === 'workflow' || currentBlock.type === 'workflow_input')
+
+  // Get workspace ID from params
+  const params = useParams()
+  const workspaceId = params.workspaceId as string
+
   // Refs for resize functionality
   const subBlocksRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null)
 
@@ -99,7 +119,8 @@ export function Editor() {
     currentWorkflow.isSnapshotView
   )
 
-  const blockSubBlockValues = useSubBlockStore(
+  const blockSubBlockValues = useStoreWithEqualityFn(
+    useSubBlockStore,
     useCallback(
       (state) => {
         if (!activeWorkflowId || !currentBlockId) return EMPTY_SUBBLOCK_VALUES
@@ -252,11 +273,11 @@ export function Editor() {
 
   // Trigger rename mode when signaled from context menu
   useEffect(() => {
-    if (shouldFocusRename && currentBlock && !isSubflow) {
+    if (shouldFocusRename && currentBlock) {
       handleStartRename()
       setShouldFocusRename(false)
     }
-  }, [shouldFocusRename, currentBlock, isSubflow, handleStartRename, setShouldFocusRename])
+  }, [shouldFocusRename, currentBlock, handleStartRename, setShouldFocusRename])
 
   /**
    * Handles opening documentation link in a new secure tab.
@@ -268,6 +289,22 @@ export function Editor() {
     }
   }
 
+  // Get child workflow ID for workflow blocks
+  const childWorkflowId = isWorkflowBlock ? blockSubBlockValues?.workflowId : null
+
+  // Fetch child workflow state for preview (only for workflow blocks with a selected workflow)
+  const { data: childWorkflowState, isLoading: isLoadingChildWorkflow } =
+    useWorkflowState(childWorkflowId)
+
+  /**
+   * Handles opening the child workflow in a new tab.
+   */
+  const handleOpenChildWorkflow = useCallback(() => {
+    if (childWorkflowId && workspaceId) {
+      window.open(`/workspace/${workspaceId}/w/${childWorkflowId}`, '_blank', 'noopener,noreferrer')
+    }
+  }, [childWorkflowId, workspaceId])
+
   // Determine if connections are at minimum height (collapsed state)
   const isConnectionsAtMinHeight = connectionsHeight <= 35
 
@@ -320,7 +357,7 @@ export function Editor() {
         </div>
         <div className='flex shrink-0 items-center gap-[8px]'>
           {/* Rename button */}
-          {currentBlock && !isSubflow && (
+          {currentBlock && (
             <Tooltip.Root>
               <Tooltip.Trigger asChild>
                 <Button
@@ -406,7 +443,66 @@ export function Editor() {
             className='subblocks-section flex flex-1 flex-col overflow-hidden'
           >
             <div className='flex-1 overflow-y-auto overflow-x-hidden px-[8px] pt-[12px] pb-[8px] [overflow-anchor:none]'>
-              {subBlocks.length === 0 ? (
+              {/* Workflow Preview - only for workflow blocks with a selected child workflow */}
+              {isWorkflowBlock && childWorkflowId && (
+                <>
+                  <div className='subblock-content flex flex-col gap-[9.5px]'>
+                    <div className='pl-[2px] font-medium text-[13px] text-[var(--text-primary)] leading-none'>
+                      Workflow Preview
+                    </div>
+                    <div className='relative h-[160px] overflow-hidden rounded-[4px] border border-[var(--border)]'>
+                      {isLoadingChildWorkflow ? (
+                        <div className='flex h-full items-center justify-center bg-[var(--surface-3)]'>
+                          <Loader2 className='h-5 w-5 animate-spin text-[var(--text-tertiary)]' />
+                        </div>
+                      ) : childWorkflowState ? (
+                        <>
+                          <div className='[&_*:active]:!cursor-grabbing [&_*]:!cursor-grab [&_.react-flow__handle]:!hidden h-full w-full'>
+                            <WorkflowPreview
+                              workflowState={childWorkflowState}
+                              height={160}
+                              width='100%'
+                              isPannable={true}
+                              defaultZoom={0.6}
+                              fitPadding={0.15}
+                              cursorStyle='grab'
+                            />
+                          </div>
+                          <Tooltip.Root>
+                            <Tooltip.Trigger asChild>
+                              <Button
+                                type='button'
+                                variant='ghost'
+                                onClick={handleOpenChildWorkflow}
+                                className='absolute right-[6px] bottom-[6px] z-10 h-[24px] w-[24px] cursor-pointer border border-[var(--border)] bg-[var(--surface-2)] p-0 hover:bg-[var(--surface-4)]'
+                              >
+                                <ExternalLink className='h-[12px] w-[12px]' />
+                              </Button>
+                            </Tooltip.Trigger>
+                            <Tooltip.Content side='top'>Open workflow</Tooltip.Content>
+                          </Tooltip.Root>
+                        </>
+                      ) : (
+                        <div className='flex h-full items-center justify-center bg-[var(--surface-3)]'>
+                          <span className='text-[13px] text-[var(--text-tertiary)]'>
+                            Unable to load preview
+                          </span>
+                        </div>
+                      )}
+                    </div>
+                  </div>
+                  <div className='subblock-divider px-[2px] pt-[16px] pb-[13px]'>
+                    <div
+                      className='h-[1.25px]'
+                      style={{
+                        backgroundImage:
+                          'repeating-linear-gradient(to right, var(--border) 0px, var(--border) 6px, transparent 6px, transparent 12px)',
+                      }}
+                    />
+                  </div>
+                </>
+              )}
+              {subBlocks.length === 0 && !isWorkflowBlock ? (
                 <div className='flex h-full items-center justify-center text-center text-[#8D8D8D] text-[13px]'>
                   This block has no subblocks
                 </div>

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/panel/components/editor/hooks/use-editor-block-properties.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-import { useCallback } from 'react'
-import { shallow } from 'zustand/shallow'
+import { useShallow } from 'zustand/react/shallow'
 import { useWorkflowDiffStore } from '@/stores/workflow-diff'
 import { useWorkflowStore } from '@/stores/workflows/workflow/store'
 
@@ -13,35 +12,26 @@ import { useWorkflowStore } from '@/stores/workflows/workflow/store'
  */
 export function useEditorBlockProperties(blockId: string | null, isSnapshotView: boolean) {
   const normalBlockProps = useWorkflowStore(
-    useCallback(
-      (state) => {
-        if (!blockId) return { advancedMode: false, triggerMode: false }
-        const block = state.blocks?.[blockId]
-        return {
-          advancedMode: block?.advancedMode ?? false,
-          triggerMode: block?.triggerMode ?? false,
-        }
-      },
-      [blockId]
-    ),
-    shallow
+    useShallow((state) => {
+      if (!blockId) return { advancedMode: false, triggerMode: false }
+      const block = state.blocks?.[blockId]
+      return {
+        advancedMode: block?.advancedMode ?? false,
+        triggerMode: block?.triggerMode ?? false,
+      }
+    })
   )
 
   const baselineBlockProps = useWorkflowDiffStore(
-    useCallback(
-      (state) => {
-        if (!blockId) return { advancedMode: false, triggerMode: false }
-        const block = state.baselineWorkflow?.blocks?.[blockId]
-        return {
-          advancedMode: block?.advancedMode ?? false,
-          triggerMode: block?.triggerMode ?? false,
-        }
-      },
-      [blockId]
-    ),
-    shallow
+    useShallow((state) => {
+      if (!blockId) return { advancedMode: false, triggerMode: false }
+      const block = state.baselineWorkflow?.blocks?.[blockId]
+      return {
+        advancedMode: block?.advancedMode ?? false,
+        triggerMode: block?.triggerMode ?? false,
+      }
+    })
   )
 
-  // Use the appropriate props based on view mode
   return isSnapshotView ? baselineBlockProps : normalBlockProps
 }

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/workflow-block/workflow-block.tsx

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import { createLogger } from '@sim/logger'
 import { isEqual } from 'lodash'
 import { useParams } from 'next/navigation'
 import { Handle, type NodeProps, Position, useUpdateNodeInternals } from 'reactflow'
+import { useStoreWithEqualityFn } from 'zustand/traditional'
 import { Badge, Tooltip } from '@/components/emcn'
 import { cn } from '@/lib/core/utils/cn'
 import { getBaseUrl } from '@/lib/core/utils/urls'
@@ -526,7 +527,8 @@ const SubBlockRow = memo(function SubBlockRow({
    * Subscribe only to variables for this workflow to avoid re-renders from other workflows.
    * Uses isEqual for deep comparison since Object.fromEntries creates a new object each time.
    */
-  const workflowVariables = useVariablesStore(
+  const workflowVariables = useStoreWithEqualityFn(
+    useVariablesStore,
     useCallback(
       (state) => {
         if (!workflowId) return {}
@@ -729,7 +731,8 @@ export const WorkflowBlock = memo(function WorkflowBlock({
   const isStarterBlock = type === 'starter'
   const isWebhookTriggerBlock = type === 'webhook' || type === 'generic_webhook'
 
-  const blockSubBlockValues = useSubBlockStore(
+  const blockSubBlockValues = useStoreWithEqualityFn(
+    useSubBlockStore,
     useCallback(
       (state) => {
         if (!activeWorkflowId) return EMPTY_SUBBLOCK_VALUES

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/hooks/use-accessible-reference-prefixes.ts

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { useMemo } from 'react'
 import { useShallow } from 'zustand/react/shallow'
 import { BlockPathCalculator } from '@/lib/workflows/blocks/block-path-calculator'
 import { SYSTEM_REFERENCE_PREFIXES } from '@/lib/workflows/sanitization/references'
-import { isValidStartBlockType } from '@/lib/workflows/triggers/start-block-types'
+import { isInputDefinitionTrigger } from '@/lib/workflows/triggers/input-definition-triggers'
 import { normalizeName } from '@/executor/constants'
 import { useWorkflowStore } from '@/stores/workflows/workflow/store'
 import type { Loop, Parallel } from '@/stores/workflows/workflow/types'
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ export function useAccessibleReferencePrefixes(blockId?: string | null): Set<str
     const accessibleIds = new Set<string>(ancestorIds)
     accessibleIds.add(blockId)
 
-    const starterBlock = Object.values(blocks).find((block) => isValidStartBlockType(block.type))
+    const starterBlock = Object.values(blocks).find((block) => isInputDefinitionTrigger(block.type))
     if (starterBlock && ancestorIds.includes(starterBlock.id)) {
       accessibleIds.add(starterBlock.id)
     }

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/workflow.tsx

@@ -180,6 +180,21 @@ function mapEdgesByNode(edges: Edge[], nodeIds: Set<string>): Map<string, Edge[]
   return result
 }
 
+/**
+ * Syncs the panel editor with the current selection state.
+ * Shows block details when exactly one block is selected, clears otherwise.
+ */
+function syncPanelWithSelection(selectedIds: string[]) {
+  const { currentBlockId, clearCurrentBlock, setCurrentBlockId } = usePanelEditorStore.getState()
+  if (selectedIds.length === 1 && selectedIds[0] !== currentBlockId) {
+    setCurrentBlockId(selectedIds[0])
+  } else if (selectedIds.length === 0 && currentBlockId) {
+    clearCurrentBlock()
+  } else if (selectedIds.length > 1 && currentBlockId) {
+    clearCurrentBlock()
+  }
+}
+
 /** Custom node types for ReactFlow. */
 const nodeTypes: NodeTypes = {
   workflowBlock: WorkflowBlock,
@@ -2075,7 +2090,10 @@ const WorkflowContent = React.memo(() => {
         ...node,
         selected: pendingSet.has(node.id),
       }))
-      setDisplayNodes(resolveParentChildSelectionConflicts(withSelection, blocks))
+      const resolved = resolveParentChildSelectionConflicts(withSelection, blocks)
+      setDisplayNodes(resolved)
+      const selectedIds = resolved.filter((node) => node.selected).map((node) => node.id)
+      syncPanelWithSelection(selectedIds)
       return
     }
 
@@ -2175,13 +2193,7 @@ const WorkflowContent = React.memo(() => {
       })
       const selectedIds = selectedIdsRef.current as string[] | null
       if (selectedIds !== null) {
-        const { currentBlockId, clearCurrentBlock, setCurrentBlockId } =
-          usePanelEditorStore.getState()
-        if (selectedIds.length === 1 && selectedIds[0] !== currentBlockId) {
-          setCurrentBlockId(selectedIds[0])
-        } else if (selectedIds.length === 0 && currentBlockId) {
-          clearCurrentBlock()
-        }
+        syncPanelWithSelection(selectedIds)
       }
     },
     [blocks]

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/components/preview/components/block.tsx

@@ -21,11 +21,9 @@ interface WorkflowPreviewBlockData {
 }
 
 /**
- * Lightweight block component for workflow previews.
- * Renders block header, dummy subblocks skeleton, and handles.
- * Respects horizontalHandles and enabled state from workflow.
- * No heavy hooks, store subscriptions, or interactive features.
- * Used in template cards and other preview contexts for performance.
+ * Preview block component for workflow visualization.
+ * Renders block header, subblocks skeleton, and handles without
+ * hooks, store subscriptions, or interactive features.
  */
 function WorkflowPreviewBlockInner({ data }: NodeProps<WorkflowPreviewBlockData>) {
   const {

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/components/preview/components/preview-editor.tsx

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import {
 import { ReactFlowProvider } from 'reactflow'
 import { Badge, Button, ChevronDown, Code, Combobox, Input, Label } from '@/components/emcn'
 import { cn } from '@/lib/core/utils/cn'
+import { formatDuration } from '@/lib/core/utils/formatting'
 import { extractReferencePrefixes } from '@/lib/workflows/sanitization/references'
 import {
   buildCanonicalIndex,
@@ -685,7 +686,7 @@ interface WorkflowVariable {
   value: unknown
 }
 
-interface BlockDetailsSidebarProps {
+interface PreviewEditorProps {
   block: BlockState
   executionData?: ExecutionData
   /** All block execution data for resolving variable references */
@@ -704,14 +705,6 @@ interface BlockDetailsSidebarProps {
   onClose?: () => void
 }
 
-/**
- * Format duration for display
- */
-function formatDuration(ms: number): string {
-  if (ms < 1000) return `${ms}ms`
-  return `${(ms / 1000).toFixed(2)}s`
-}
-
 /** Minimum height for the connections section (header only) */
 const MIN_CONNECTIONS_HEIGHT = 30
 /** Maximum height for the connections section */
@@ -722,7 +715,7 @@ const DEFAULT_CONNECTIONS_HEIGHT = 150
 /**
  * Readonly sidebar panel showing block configuration using SubBlock components.
  */
-function BlockDetailsSidebarContent({
+function PreviewEditorContent({
   block,
   executionData,
   allBlockExecutions,
@@ -732,7 +725,7 @@ function BlockDetailsSidebarContent({
   parallels,
   isExecutionMode = false,
   onClose,
-}: BlockDetailsSidebarProps) {
+}: PreviewEditorProps) {
   // Convert Record<string, Variable> to Array<Variable> for iteration
   const normalizedWorkflowVariables = useMemo(() => {
     if (!workflowVariables) return []
@@ -998,6 +991,22 @@ function BlockDetailsSidebarContent({
     })
   }, [extractedRefs.envVars])
 
+  const rawValues = useMemo(() => {
+    return Object.entries(subBlockValues).reduce<Record<string, unknown>>((acc, [key, entry]) => {
+      if (entry && typeof entry === 'object' && 'value' in entry) {
+        acc[key] = (entry as { value: unknown }).value
+      } else {
+        acc[key] = entry
+      }
+      return acc
+    }, {})
+  }, [subBlockValues])
+
+  const canonicalIndex = useMemo(
+    () => buildCanonicalIndex(blockConfig?.subBlocks || []),
+    [blockConfig?.subBlocks]
+  )
+
   // Check if this is a subflow block (loop or parallel)
   const isSubflow = block.type === 'loop' || block.type === 'parallel'
   const loopConfig = block.type === 'loop' ? loops?.[block.id] : undefined
@@ -1079,21 +1088,6 @@ function BlockDetailsSidebarContent({
     )
   }
 
-  const rawValues = useMemo(() => {
-    return Object.entries(subBlockValues).reduce<Record<string, unknown>>((acc, [key, entry]) => {
-      if (entry && typeof entry === 'object' && 'value' in entry) {
-        acc[key] = (entry as { value: unknown }).value
-      } else {
-        acc[key] = entry
-      }
-      return acc
-    }, {})
-  }, [subBlockValues])
-
-  const canonicalIndex = useMemo(
-    () => buildCanonicalIndex(blockConfig.subBlocks),
-    [blockConfig.subBlocks]
-  )
   const canonicalModeOverrides = block.data?.canonicalModes
   const effectiveAdvanced =
     (block.advancedMode ?? false) ||
@@ -1179,7 +1173,7 @@ function BlockDetailsSidebarContent({
                     )}
                     {executionData.durationMs !== undefined && (
                       <span className='font-medium text-[12px] text-[var(--text-tertiary)]'>
-                        {formatDuration(executionData.durationMs)}
+                        {formatDuration(executionData.durationMs, { precision: 2 })}
                       </span>
                     )}
                   </div>
@@ -1371,12 +1365,12 @@ function BlockDetailsSidebarContent({
 }
 
 /**
- * Block details sidebar wrapped in ReactFlowProvider for hook compatibility.
+ * Preview editor wrapped in ReactFlowProvider for hook compatibility.
  */
-export function BlockDetailsSidebar(props: BlockDetailsSidebarProps) {
+export function PreviewEditor(props: PreviewEditorProps) {
   return (
     <ReactFlowProvider>
-      <BlockDetailsSidebarContent {...props} />
+      <PreviewEditorContent {...props} />
     </ReactFlowProvider>
   )
 }

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/components/preview/components/subflow.tsx

@@ -15,10 +15,9 @@ interface WorkflowPreviewSubflowData {
 }
 
 /**
- * Lightweight subflow component for workflow previews.
- * Matches the styling of the actual SubflowNodeComponent but without
- * hooks, store subscriptions, or interactive features.
- * Used in template cards and other preview contexts for performance.
+ * Preview subflow component for workflow visualization.
+ * Renders loop/parallel containers without hooks, store subscriptions,
+ * or interactive features.
  */
 function WorkflowPreviewSubflowInner({ data }: NodeProps<WorkflowPreviewSubflowData>) {
   const { name, width = 500, height = 300, kind, isPreviewSelected = false } = data

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/components/preview/index.ts

@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-export { BlockDetailsSidebar } from './components/block-details-sidebar'
+export { PreviewEditor } from './components/preview-editor'
 export { getLeftmostBlockId, WorkflowPreview } from './preview'

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/components/preview/preview.tsx

@@ -15,14 +15,10 @@ import 'reactflow/dist/style.css'
 import { createLogger } from '@sim/logger'
 import { cn } from '@/lib/core/utils/cn'
 import { BLOCK_DIMENSIONS, CONTAINER_DIMENSIONS } from '@/lib/workflows/blocks/block-dimensions'
-import { NoteBlock } from '@/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/note-block/note-block'
-import { SubflowNodeComponent } from '@/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/subflows/subflow-node'
-import { WorkflowBlock } from '@/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/workflow-block/workflow-block'
 import { WorkflowEdge } from '@/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/components/workflow-edge/workflow-edge'
 import { estimateBlockDimensions } from '@/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/[workflowId]/utils'
 import { WorkflowPreviewBlock } from '@/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/components/preview/components/block'
 import { WorkflowPreviewSubflow } from '@/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/components/preview/components/subflow'
-import { getBlock } from '@/blocks'
 import type { BlockState, WorkflowState } from '@/stores/workflows/workflow/types'
 
 const logger = createLogger('WorkflowPreview')
@@ -134,8 +130,6 @@ interface WorkflowPreviewProps {
   onNodeContextMenu?: (blockId: string, mousePosition: { x: number; y: number }) => void
   /** Callback when the canvas (empty area) is clicked */
   onPaneClick?: () => void
-  /** Use lightweight blocks for better performance in template cards */
-  lightweight?: boolean
   /** Cursor style to show when hovering the canvas */
   cursorStyle?: 'default' | 'pointer' | 'grab'
   /** Map of executed block IDs to their status for highlighting the execution path */
@@ -145,19 +139,10 @@ interface WorkflowPreviewProps {
 }
 
 /**
- * Full node types with interactive WorkflowBlock for detailed previews
+ * Preview node types using minimal components without hooks or store subscriptions.
+ * This prevents interaction issues while allowing canvas panning and node clicking.
  */
-const fullNodeTypes: NodeTypes = {
-  workflowBlock: WorkflowBlock,
-  noteBlock: NoteBlock,
-  subflowNode: SubflowNodeComponent,
-}
-
-/**
- * Lightweight node types for template cards and other high-volume previews.
- * Uses minimal components without hooks or store subscriptions.
- */
-const lightweightNodeTypes: NodeTypes = {
+const previewNodeTypes: NodeTypes = {
   workflowBlock: WorkflowPreviewBlock,
   noteBlock: WorkflowPreviewBlock,
   subflowNode: WorkflowPreviewSubflow,
@@ -172,17 +157,19 @@ const edgeTypes: EdgeTypes = {
 interface FitViewOnChangeProps {
   nodeIds: string
   fitPadding: number
+  containerRef: React.RefObject<HTMLDivElement | null>
 }
 
 /**
- * Helper component that calls fitView when the set of nodes changes.
+ * Helper component that calls fitView when the set of nodes changes or when the container resizes.
  * Only triggers on actual node additions/removals, not on selection changes.
  * Must be rendered inside ReactFlowProvider.
  */
-function FitViewOnChange({ nodeIds, fitPadding }: FitViewOnChangeProps) {
+function FitViewOnChange({ nodeIds, fitPadding, containerRef }: FitViewOnChangeProps) {
   const { fitView } = useReactFlow()
   const lastNodeIdsRef = useRef<string | null>(null)
 
+  // Fit view when nodes change
   useEffect(() => {
     if (!nodeIds.length) return
     const shouldFit = lastNodeIdsRef.current !== nodeIds
@@ -195,6 +182,27 @@ function FitViewOnChange({ nodeIds, fitPadding }: FitViewOnChangeProps) {
     return () => clearTimeout(timeoutId)
   }, [nodeIds, fitPadding, fitView])
 
+  // Fit view when container resizes (debounced to avoid excessive calls during drag)
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const container = containerRef.current
+    if (!container) return
+
+    let timeoutId: ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | null = null
+
+    const resizeObserver = new ResizeObserver(() => {
+      if (timeoutId) clearTimeout(timeoutId)
+      timeoutId = setTimeout(() => {
+        fitView({ padding: fitPadding, duration: 150 })
+      }, 100)
+    })
+
+    resizeObserver.observe(container)
+    return () => {
+      if (timeoutId) clearTimeout(timeoutId)
+      resizeObserver.disconnect()
+    }
+  }, [containerRef, fitPadding, fitView])
+
   return null
 }
 
@@ -210,12 +218,12 @@ export function WorkflowPreview({
   onNodeClick,
   onNodeContextMenu,
   onPaneClick,
-  lightweight = false,
   cursorStyle = 'grab',
   executedBlocks,
   selectedBlockId,
 }: WorkflowPreviewProps) {
-  const nodeTypes = lightweight ? lightweightNodeTypes : fullNodeTypes
+  const containerRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null)
+  const nodeTypes = previewNodeTypes
   const isValidWorkflowState = workflowState?.blocks && workflowState.edges
 
   const blocksStructure = useMemo(() => {
@@ -285,119 +293,28 @@ export function WorkflowPreview({
 
       const absolutePosition = calculateAbsolutePosition(block, workflowState.blocks)
 
-      if (lightweight) {
-        if (block.type === 'loop' || block.type === 'parallel') {
-          const isSelected = selectedBlockId === blockId
-          const dimensions = calculateContainerDimensions(blockId, workflowState.blocks)
-          nodeArray.push({
-            id: blockId,
-            type: 'subflowNode',
-            position: absolutePosition,
-            draggable: false,
-            data: {
-              name: block.name,
-              width: dimensions.width,
-              height: dimensions.height,
-              kind: block.type as 'loop' | 'parallel',
-              isPreviewSelected: isSelected,
-            },
-          })
-          return
-        }
-
-        const isSelected = selectedBlockId === blockId
-
-        let lightweightExecutionStatus: ExecutionStatus | undefined
-        if (executedBlocks) {
-          const blockExecution = executedBlocks[blockId]
-          if (blockExecution) {
-            if (blockExecution.status === 'error') {
-              lightweightExecutionStatus = 'error'
-            } else if (blockExecution.status === 'success') {
-              lightweightExecutionStatus = 'success'
-            } else {
-              lightweightExecutionStatus = 'not-executed'
-            }
-          } else {
-            lightweightExecutionStatus = 'not-executed'
-          }
-        }
-
-        nodeArray.push({
-          id: blockId,
-          type: 'workflowBlock',
-          position: absolutePosition,
-          draggable: false,
-          // Blocks inside subflows need higher z-index to appear above the container
-          zIndex: block.data?.parentId ? 10 : undefined,
-          data: {
-            type: block.type,
-            name: block.name,
-            isTrigger: block.triggerMode === true,
-            horizontalHandles: block.horizontalHandles ?? false,
-            enabled: block.enabled ?? true,
-            isPreviewSelected: isSelected,
-            executionStatus: lightweightExecutionStatus,
-          },
-        })
-        return
-      }
-
-      if (block.type === 'loop') {
+      // Handle loop/parallel containers
+      if (block.type === 'loop' || block.type === 'parallel') {
         const isSelected = selectedBlockId === blockId
         const dimensions = calculateContainerDimensions(blockId, workflowState.blocks)
         nodeArray.push({
           id: blockId,
           type: 'subflowNode',
           position: absolutePosition,
-          parentId: block.data?.parentId,
-          extent: block.data?.extent || undefined,
           draggable: false,
           data: {
-            ...block.data,
             name: block.name,
             width: dimensions.width,
             height: dimensions.height,
-            state: 'valid',
-            isPreview: true,
+            kind: block.type as 'loop' | 'parallel',
             isPreviewSelected: isSelected,
-            kind: 'loop',
           },
         })
         return
       }
 
-      if (block.type === 'parallel') {
-        const isSelected = selectedBlockId === blockId
-        const dimensions = calculateContainerDimensions(blockId, workflowState.blocks)
-        nodeArray.push({
-          id: blockId,
-          type: 'subflowNode',
-          position: absolutePosition,
-          parentId: block.data?.parentId,
-          extent: block.data?.extent || undefined,
-          draggable: false,
-          data: {
-            ...block.data,
-            name: block.name,
-            width: dimensions.width,
-            height: dimensions.height,
-            state: 'valid',
-            isPreview: true,
-            isPreviewSelected: isSelected,
-            kind: 'parallel',
-          },
-        })
-        return
-      }
-
-      const blockConfig = getBlock(block.type)
-      if (!blockConfig) {
-        logger.error(`No configuration found for block type: ${block.type}`, { blockId })
-        return
-      }
-
-      const nodeType = block.type === 'note' ? 'noteBlock' : 'workflowBlock'
+      // Handle regular blocks
+      const isSelected = selectedBlockId === blockId
 
       let executionStatus: ExecutionStatus | undefined
       if (executedBlocks) {
@@ -415,24 +332,20 @@ export function WorkflowPreview({
         }
       }
 
-      const isSelected = selectedBlockId === blockId
-
       nodeArray.push({
         id: blockId,
-        type: nodeType,
+        type: 'workflowBlock',
         position: absolutePosition,
         draggable: false,
         // Blocks inside subflows need higher z-index to appear above the container
         zIndex: block.data?.parentId ? 10 : undefined,
         data: {
           type: block.type,
-          config: blockConfig,
           name: block.name,
-          blockState: block,
-          canEdit: false,
-          isPreview: true,
+          isTrigger: block.triggerMode === true,
+          horizontalHandles: block.horizontalHandles ?? false,
+          enabled: block.enabled ?? true,
           isPreviewSelected: isSelected,
-          subBlockValues: block.subBlocks ?? {},
           executionStatus,
         },
       })
@@ -445,7 +358,6 @@ export function WorkflowPreview({
     parallelsStructure,
     workflowState.blocks,
     isValidWorkflowState,
-    lightweight,
     executedBlocks,
     selectedBlockId,
   ])
@@ -503,6 +415,7 @@ export function WorkflowPreview({
   return (
     <ReactFlowProvider>
       <div
+        ref={containerRef}
         style={{ height, width, backgroundColor: 'var(--bg)' }}
         className={cn('preview-mode', onNodeClick && 'interactive-nodes', className)}
       >
@@ -513,6 +426,20 @@ export function WorkflowPreview({
           .preview-mode .react-flow__selectionpane { cursor: ${cursorStyle} !important; }
           .preview-mode .react-flow__renderer { cursor: ${cursorStyle}; }
 
+          /* Active/grabbing cursor when dragging */
+          ${
+            cursorStyle === 'grab'
+              ? `
+          .preview-mode .react-flow:active { cursor: grabbing; }
+          .preview-mode .react-flow__pane:active { cursor: grabbing !important; }
+          .preview-mode .react-flow__selectionpane:active { cursor: grabbing !important; }
+          .preview-mode .react-flow__renderer:active { cursor: grabbing; }
+          .preview-mode .react-flow__node:active { cursor: grabbing !important; }
+          .preview-mode .react-flow__node:active * { cursor: grabbing !important; }
+          `
+              : ''
+          }
+
           /* Node cursor - pointer on nodes when onNodeClick is provided */
           .preview-mode.interactive-nodes .react-flow__node { cursor: pointer !important; }
           .preview-mode.interactive-nodes .react-flow__node > div { cursor: pointer !important; }
@@ -560,7 +487,11 @@ export function WorkflowPreview({
           }
           onPaneClick={onPaneClick}
         />
-        <FitViewOnChange nodeIds={blocksStructure.ids} fitPadding={fitPadding} />
+        <FitViewOnChange
+          nodeIds={blocksStructure.ids}
+          fitPadding={fitPadding}
+          containerRef={containerRef}
+        />
       </div>
     </ReactFlowProvider>
   )

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/components/sidebar/components/settings-modal/components/api-keys/api-keys.tsx

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import {
 } from '@/components/emcn'
 import { Input, Skeleton } from '@/components/ui'
 import { useSession } from '@/lib/auth/auth-client'
+import { formatDate } from '@/lib/core/utils/formatting'
 import { useUserPermissionsContext } from '@/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/providers/workspace-permissions-provider'
 import {
   type ApiKey,
@@ -133,13 +134,9 @@ export function ApiKeys({ onOpenChange, registerCloseHandler }: ApiKeysProps) {
     }
   }, [shouldScrollToBottom])
 
-  const formatDate = (dateString?: string) => {
+  const formatLastUsed = (dateString?: string) => {
     if (!dateString) return 'Never'
-    return new Date(dateString).toLocaleDateString('en-US', {
-      year: 'numeric',
-      month: 'short',
-      day: 'numeric',
-    })
+    return formatDate(new Date(dateString))
   }
 
   return (
@@ -216,7 +213,7 @@ export function ApiKeys({ onOpenChange, registerCloseHandler }: ApiKeysProps) {
                               {key.name}
                             </span>
                             <span className='text-[13px] text-[var(--text-secondary)]'>
-                              (last used: {formatDate(key.lastUsed).toLowerCase()})
+                              (last used: {formatLastUsed(key.lastUsed).toLowerCase()})
                             </span>
                           </div>
                           <p className='truncate text-[13px] text-[var(--text-muted)]'>
@@ -251,7 +248,7 @@ export function ApiKeys({ onOpenChange, registerCloseHandler }: ApiKeysProps) {
                             {key.name}
                           </span>
                           <span className='text-[13px] text-[var(--text-secondary)]'>
-                            (last used: {formatDate(key.lastUsed).toLowerCase()})
+                            (last used: {formatLastUsed(key.lastUsed).toLowerCase()})
                           </span>
                         </div>
                         <p className='truncate text-[13px] text-[var(--text-muted)]'>
@@ -291,7 +288,7 @@ export function ApiKeys({ onOpenChange, registerCloseHandler }: ApiKeysProps) {
                                 {key.name}
                               </span>
                               <span className='text-[13px] text-[var(--text-secondary)]'>
-                                (last used: {formatDate(key.lastUsed).toLowerCase()})
+                                (last used: {formatLastUsed(key.lastUsed).toLowerCase()})
                               </span>
                             </div>
                             <p className='truncate text-[13px] text-[var(--text-muted)]'>

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/components/sidebar/components/settings-modal/components/copilot/copilot.tsx

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import {
   ModalHeader,
 } from '@/components/emcn'
 import { Input, Skeleton } from '@/components/ui'
+import { formatDate } from '@/lib/core/utils/formatting'
 import {
   type CopilotKey,
   useCopilotKeys,
@@ -115,13 +116,9 @@ export function Copilot() {
     }
   }
 
-  const formatDate = (dateString?: string | null) => {
+  const formatLastUsed = (dateString?: string | null) => {
     if (!dateString) return 'Never'
-    return new Date(dateString).toLocaleDateString('en-US', {
-      year: 'numeric',
-      month: 'short',
-      day: 'numeric',
-    })
+    return formatDate(new Date(dateString))
   }
 
   const hasKeys = keys.length > 0
@@ -180,7 +177,7 @@ export function Copilot() {
                         {key.name || 'Unnamed Key'}
                       </span>
                       <span className='text-[13px] text-[var(--text-secondary)]'>
-                        (last used: {formatDate(key.lastUsed).toLowerCase()})
+                        (last used: {formatLastUsed(key.lastUsed).toLowerCase()})
                       </span>
                     </div>
                     <p className='truncate text-[13px] text-[var(--text-muted)]'>

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/components/sidebar/components/workflow-list/components/workflow-item/avatars/avatars.tsx

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import { useSidebarStore } from '@/stores/sidebar/store'
  * Avatar display configuration for responsive layout.
  */
 const AVATAR_CONFIG = {
-  MIN_COUNT: 3,
+  MIN_COUNT: 4,
   MAX_COUNT: 12,
   WIDTH_PER_AVATAR: 20,
 } as const
@@ -106,7 +106,9 @@ export function Avatars({ workflowId }: AvatarsProps) {
   }, [presenceUsers, currentWorkflowId, workflowId, currentSocketId])
 
   /**
-   * Calculate visible users and overflow count
+   * Calculate visible users and overflow count.
+   * Shows up to maxVisible avatars, with overflow indicator for any remaining.
+   * Users are reversed so new avatars appear on the left (keeping right side stable).
    */
   const { visibleUsers, overflowCount } = useMemo(() => {
     if (workflowUsers.length === 0) {
@@ -116,7 +118,8 @@ export function Avatars({ workflowId }: AvatarsProps) {
     const visible = workflowUsers.slice(0, maxVisible)
     const overflow = Math.max(0, workflowUsers.length - maxVisible)
 
-    return { visibleUsers: visible, overflowCount: overflow }
+    // Reverse so rightmost avatars stay stable as new ones are revealed on the left
+    return { visibleUsers: [...visible].reverse(), overflowCount: overflow }
   }, [workflowUsers, maxVisible])
 
   if (visibleUsers.length === 0) {
@@ -139,9 +142,8 @@ export function Avatars({ workflowId }: AvatarsProps) {
           </Tooltip.Content>
         </Tooltip.Root>
       )}
-
       {visibleUsers.map((user, index) => (
-        <UserAvatar key={user.socketId} user={user} index={overflowCount > 0 ? index + 1 : index} />
+        <UserAvatar key={user.socketId} user={user} index={index} />
       ))}
     </div>
   )

apps/sim/app/workspace/[workspaceId]/w/components/sidebar/components/workflow-list/components/workflow-item/workflow-item.tsx

@@ -347,7 +347,7 @@ export function WorkflowItem({
             ) : (
               <div
                 className={clsx(
-                  'min-w-0 flex-1 truncate font-medium',
+                  'min-w-0 truncate font-medium',
                   active
                     ? 'text-[var(--text-primary)]'
                     : 'text-[var(--text-tertiary)] group-hover:text-[var(--text-primary)]'

apps/sim/blocks/blocks/gmail.ts

@@ -242,15 +242,9 @@ Return ONLY the email body - no explanations, no extra text.`,
       id: 'messageId',
       title: 'Message ID',
       type: 'short-input',
-      placeholder: 'Enter message ID to read (optional)',
-      condition: {
-        field: 'operation',
-        value: 'read_gmail',
-        and: {
-          field: 'folder',
-          value: '',
-        },
-      },
+      placeholder: 'Read specific email by ID (overrides label/folder)',
+      condition: { field: 'operation', value: 'read_gmail' },
+      mode: 'advanced',
     },
     // Search Fields
     {

apps/sim/blocks/blocks/router.ts

@@ -129,12 +129,9 @@ ROUTING RULES:
 3. If the context is even partially related to a route's description, select that route
 4. ONLY output NO_MATCH if the context is completely unrelated to ALL route descriptions
 
-OUTPUT FORMAT:
-- Output EXACTLY one route ID (copied exactly as shown above) OR "NO_MATCH"
-- No explanation, no punctuation, no additional text
-- Just the route ID or NO_MATCH
-
-Your response:`
+Respond with a JSON object containing:
+- route: EXACTLY one route ID (copied exactly as shown above) OR "NO_MATCH"
+- reasoning: A brief explanation (1-2 sentences) of why you chose this route`
 }
 
 /**
@@ -272,6 +269,7 @@ interface RouterV2Response extends ToolResponse {
       total: number
     }
     selectedRoute: string
+    reasoning: string
     selectedPath: {
       blockId: string
       blockType: string
@@ -355,6 +353,7 @@ export const RouterV2Block: BlockConfig<RouterV2Response> = {
     tokens: { type: 'json', description: 'Token usage' },
     cost: { type: 'json', description: 'Cost information' },
     selectedRoute: { type: 'string', description: 'Selected route ID' },
+    reasoning: { type: 'string', description: 'Explanation of why this route was chosen' },
     selectedPath: { type: 'json', description: 'Selected routing path' },
   },
 }

apps/sim/blocks/blocks/workflow.ts

@@ -1,30 +1,5 @@
-import { createLogger } from '@sim/logger'
 import { WorkflowIcon } from '@/components/icons'
 import type { BlockConfig } from '@/blocks/types'
-import { useWorkflowRegistry } from '@/stores/workflows/registry/store'
-
-const logger = createLogger('WorkflowBlock')
-
-// Helper function to get available workflows for the dropdown
-const getAvailableWorkflows = (): Array<{ label: string; id: string }> => {
-  try {
-    const { workflows, activeWorkflowId } = useWorkflowRegistry.getState()
-
-    // Filter out the current workflow to prevent recursion
-    const availableWorkflows = Object.entries(workflows)
-      .filter(([id]) => id !== activeWorkflowId)
-      .map(([id, workflow]) => ({
-        label: workflow.name || `Workflow ${id.slice(0, 8)}`,
-        id: id,
-      }))
-      .sort((a, b) => a.label.localeCompare(b.label))
-
-    return availableWorkflows
-  } catch (error) {
-    logger.error('Error getting available workflows:', error)
-    return []
-  }
-}
 
 export const WorkflowBlock: BlockConfig = {
   type: 'workflow',
@@ -38,8 +13,7 @@ export const WorkflowBlock: BlockConfig = {
     {
       id: 'workflowId',
       title: 'Select Workflow',
-      type: 'combobox',
-      options: getAvailableWorkflows,
+      type: 'workflow-selector',
       placeholder: 'Search workflows...',
       required: true,
     },

apps/sim/blocks/blocks/workflow_input.ts

@@ -1,18 +1,5 @@
 import { WorkflowIcon } from '@/components/icons'
 import type { BlockConfig } from '@/blocks/types'
-import { useWorkflowRegistry } from '@/stores/workflows/registry/store'
-
-const getAvailableWorkflows = (): Array<{ label: string; id: string }> => {
-  try {
-    const { workflows, activeWorkflowId } = useWorkflowRegistry.getState()
-    return Object.entries(workflows)
-      .filter(([id]) => id !== activeWorkflowId)
-      .map(([id, w]) => ({ label: w.name || `Workflow ${id.slice(0, 8)}`, id }))
-      .sort((a, b) => a.label.localeCompare(b.label))
-  } catch {
-    return []
-  }
-}
 
 export const WorkflowInputBlock: BlockConfig = {
   type: 'workflow_input',
@@ -25,21 +12,19 @@ export const WorkflowInputBlock: BlockConfig = {
   `,
   category: 'blocks',
   docsLink: 'https://docs.sim.ai/blocks/workflow',
-  bgColor: '#6366F1', // Indigo - modern and professional
+  bgColor: '#6366F1',
   icon: WorkflowIcon,
   subBlocks: [
     {
       id: 'workflowId',
       title: 'Select Workflow',
-      type: 'combobox',
-      options: getAvailableWorkflows,
+      type: 'workflow-selector',
       placeholder: 'Search workflows...',
       required: true,
     },
-    // Renders dynamic mapping UI based on selected child workflow's Start trigger inputFormat
     {
       id: 'inputMapping',
-      title: 'Input Mapping',
+      title: 'Inputs',
       type: 'input-mapping',
       description:
         "Map fields defined in the child workflow's Start block to variables/values in this workflow.",

apps/sim/components/emcn/components/checkbox/checkbox.tsx

@@ -23,7 +23,13 @@ import { cn } from '@/lib/core/utils/cn'
  * ```
  */
 const checkboxVariants = cva(
-  'peer shrink-0 rounded-sm border border-[var(--border-1)] bg-[var(--surface-4)] ring-offset-background transition-colors hover:border-[var(--border-muted)] hover:bg-[var(--surface-7)] focus-visible:outline-none focus-visible:ring-2 focus-visible:ring-ring focus-visible:ring-offset-2 data-[disabled]:cursor-not-allowed data-[disabled]:opacity-50 data-[state=checked]:border-[var(--text-muted)] data-[state=checked]:bg-[var(--text-muted)] data-[state=checked]:text-white dark:bg-[var(--surface-5)] dark:data-[state=checked]:border-[var(--surface-7)] dark:data-[state=checked]:bg-[var(--surface-7)] dark:data-[state=checked]:text-[var(--text-primary)] dark:hover:border-[var(--surface-7)] dark:hover:bg-[var(--border-1)]',
+  [
+    'peer shrink-0 cursor-pointer rounded-[4px] border transition-colors',
+    'border-[var(--border-1)] bg-transparent',
+    'focus-visible:outline-none',
+    'data-[disabled]:cursor-not-allowed data-[disabled]:opacity-50',
+    'data-[state=checked]:border-[var(--text-primary)] data-[state=checked]:bg-[var(--text-primary)]',
+  ].join(' '),
   {
     variants: {
       size: {
@@ -83,7 +89,7 @@ const Checkbox = React.forwardRef<React.ElementRef<typeof CheckboxPrimitive.Root
       className={cn(checkboxVariants({ size }), className)}
       {...props}
     >
-      <CheckboxPrimitive.Indicator className={cn('flex items-center justify-center text-current')}>
+      <CheckboxPrimitive.Indicator className='flex items-center justify-center text-[var(--white)]'>
         <Check className={cn(checkboxIconVariants({ size }))} />
       </CheckboxPrimitive.Indicator>
     </CheckboxPrimitive.Root>

apps/sim/content/blog/v0-5/components.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+export { DiffControlsDemo } from './components/diff-controls-demo'

apps/sim/content/blog/v0-5/components/diff-controls-demo.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+'use client'
+
+import { useState } from 'react'
+
+export function DiffControlsDemo() {
+  const [rejectHover, setRejectHover] = useState(false)
+  const [acceptHover, setAcceptHover] = useState(false)
+
+  return (
+    <div style={{ display: 'flex', justifyContent: 'center', margin: '24px 0' }}>
+      <div
+        style={{
+          position: 'relative',
+          display: 'flex',
+          height: '30px',
+          overflow: 'hidden',
+          borderRadius: '4px',
+          isolation: 'isolate',
+        }}
+      >
+        {/* Reject button */}
+        <button
+          onClick={() => {}}
+          onMouseEnter={() => setRejectHover(true)}
+          onMouseLeave={() => setRejectHover(false)}
+          title='Reject changes'
+          style={{
+            position: 'relative',
+            display: 'flex',
+            height: '100%',
+            alignItems: 'center',
+            border: '1px solid #e0e0e0',
+            backgroundColor: rejectHover ? '#f0f0f0' : '#f5f5f5',
+            paddingRight: '20px',
+            paddingLeft: '12px',
+            fontWeight: 500,
+            fontSize: '13px',
+            color: rejectHover ? '#2d2d2d' : '#404040',
+            clipPath: 'polygon(0 0, calc(100% + 10px) 0, 100% 100%, 0 100%)',
+            borderRadius: '4px 0 0 4px',
+            cursor: 'default',
+            transition: 'color 150ms, background-color 150ms, border-color 150ms',
+          }}
+        >
+          Reject
+        </button>
+        {/* Slanted divider - split gray/green */}
+        <div
+          style={{
+            pointerEvents: 'none',
+            position: 'absolute',
+            top: 0,
+            bottom: 0,
+            left: '66px',
+            width: '2px',
+            transform: 'skewX(-18.4deg)',
+            background: 'linear-gradient(to right, #e0e0e0 50%, #238458 50%)',
+            zIndex: 10,
+          }}
+        />
+        {/* Accept button */}
+        <button
+          onClick={() => {}}
+          onMouseEnter={() => setAcceptHover(true)}
+          onMouseLeave={() => setAcceptHover(false)}
+          title='Accept changes (⇧⌘⏎)'
+          style={{
+            position: 'relative',
+            display: 'flex',
+            height: '100%',
+            alignItems: 'center',
+            border: '1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15)',
+            backgroundColor: '#32bd7e',
+            paddingRight: '12px',
+            paddingLeft: '20px',
+            fontWeight: 500,
+            fontSize: '13px',
+            color: '#ffffff',
+            clipPath: 'polygon(10px 0, 100% 0, 100% 100%, 0 100%)',
+            borderRadius: '0 4px 4px 0',
+            marginLeft: '-10px',
+            cursor: 'default',
+            filter: acceptHover ? 'brightness(1.1)' : undefined,
+            transition: 'background-color 150ms, border-color 150ms',
+          }}
+        >
+          Accept
+          <kbd
+            style={{
+              marginLeft: '8px',
+              borderRadius: '4px',
+              border: '1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2)',
+              backgroundColor: 'rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1)',
+              paddingLeft: '6px',
+              paddingRight: '6px',
+              paddingTop: '2px',
+              paddingBottom: '2px',
+              fontWeight: 500,
+              fontFamily:
+                'ui-sans-serif, system-ui, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Noto Color Emoji"',
+              fontSize: '10px',
+              color: '#ffffff',
+            }}
+          >
+            ⇧⌘<span style={{ display: 'inline-block', transform: 'translateY(-1px)' }}>⏎</span>
+          </kbd>
+        </button>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  )
+}

apps/sim/content/blog/v0-5/index.mdx

@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+---
+slug: v0-5
+title: 'Introducing Sim v0.5'
+description: 'This new release brings a state of the art Copilot, seamless MCP server and tool deployment, 100+ integrations with 300+ tools, comprehensive execution logs, and realtime collaboration—built for teams shipping AI agents in production.'
+date: 2026-01-22
+updated: 2026-01-22
+authors:
+  - waleed
+readingTime: 8
+tags: [Release, Copilot, MCP, Observability, Collaboration, Integrations, Sim]
+ogImage: /studio/v0-5/cover.png
+ogAlt: 'Sim v0.5 release announcement'
+about: ['AI Agents', 'Workflow Automation', 'Developer Tools']
+timeRequired: PT8M
+canonical: https://sim.ai/studio/v0-5
+featured: true
+draft: false
+---
+
+**Sim v0.5** is the next evolution of our agent workflow platform—built for teams shipping AI agents to production.
+
+## Copilot
+
+![Sim Copilot](/studio/v0-5/copilot.jpg)
+
+Copilot is a context-aware assistant embedded in the Sim editor. Unlike general-purpose AI assistants, Copilot has direct access to your workspace: workflows, block configurations, execution logs, connected credentials, and documentation. It can also search the web to pull in external context when needed.
+
+Your workspace is indexed for hybrid retrieval. When you ask a question, Copilot queries this index to ground its responses in your actual workflow state. Ask "why did my workflow fail at 3am?" and it retrieves the relevant execution trace, identifies the error, and explains what happened.
+
+Copilot supports slash commands that trigger specialized capabilities:
+
+- `/deep-research` — performs multi-step web research on a topic, synthesizing results from multiple sources
+- `/api-docs` — fetches and parses API documentation from a URL, extracting endpoints, parameters, and authentication requirements
+- `/test` — runs your current workflow with sample inputs and reports results inline
+- `/build` — generates a complete workflow from a natural language description, wiring up blocks and configuring integrations
+
+Use `@` commands to pull specific context into your conversation. `@block` references a specific block's configuration and recent outputs. `@workflow` includes the full workflow structure. `@logs` pulls in recent execution traces. This lets you ask targeted questions like "why is `@Slack1` returning an error?" and Copilot has the exact context it needs to diagnose the issue.
+
+For complex tasks, Copilot uses subagents—breaking requests into discrete operations and executing them sequentially. Ask it to "add error handling to this workflow" and it will analyze your blocks, determine where failures could occur, add appropriate condition blocks, and wire up notification paths. Each change surfaces as a diff for your review before applying.
+
+<DiffControlsDemo />
+
+## MCP Deployment
+
+![MCP Deployment](/studio/v0-5/mcp.png)
+
+Deploy any workflow as an [MCP](https://modelcontextprotocol.io) server. Once deployed, the workflow becomes a callable tool for any MCP-compatible agent—[Claude Desktop](https://claude.ai/download), [Cursor](https://cursor.com), or your own applications.
+
+Sim generates a tool definition from your workflow: the name and description you specify, plus a JSON schema derived from your Start block's input format. The MCP server uses Streamable HTTP transport, so agents connect via a single URL. Authentication is handled via API key headers or public access, depending on your configuration.
+
+Consider a lead enrichment workflow: it queries Apollo for contact data, checks Salesforce for existing records, formats the output, and posts a summary to Slack. That's 8 blocks in Sim. Deploy it as MCP, and any agent can call `enrich_lead("jane@acme.com")` and receive structured data back. The agent treats it as a single tool call—it doesn't need to know about Apollo, Salesforce, or Slack.
+
+This pattern scales to research pipelines, data processing workflows, approval chains, and internal tooling. Anything you build in Sim becomes a tool any agent can invoke.
+
+## Logs & Dashboard
+
+![Logs & Dashboard](/studio/v0-5/dashboard.jpg)
+
+Every workflow execution generates a full trace. Each block records its start time, end time, inputs, outputs, and any errors. For LLM blocks, we capture prompt tokens, completion tokens, and cost by model.
+
+The dashboard aggregates this data into queryable views:
+
+- **Trace spans**: Hierarchical view of block executions with timing waterfall
+- **Cost attribution**: Token usage and spend broken down by model per execution
+- **Error context**: Full stack traces with the block, input values, and failure reason
+- **Filtering**: Query by time range, trigger type, workflow, or status
+- **Execution snapshots**: Each run captures the workflow state at execution time—restore to see exactly what was running
+
+This level of observability is necessary when workflows handle production traffic—sending customer emails, processing payments, or making API calls on behalf of users.
+
+## Realtime Collaboration
+
+![Realtime Collaboration](/studio/v0-5/collaboration.png)
+
+Multiple users can edit the same workflow simultaneously. Changes propagate in real time—you see teammates' cursors, block additions, and configuration updates as they happen.
+
+The editor now supports full undo/redo history (Cmd+Z / Cmd+Shift+Z), so you can step back through changes without losing work. Copy and paste works for individual blocks, groups of blocks, or entire subflows—select what you need, Cmd+C, and paste into the same workflow or a different one. This makes it easy to duplicate patterns, share components across workflows, or quickly prototype variations.
+
+This is particularly useful during development sessions where engineers, product managers, and domain experts need to iterate together. Everyone works on the same workflow state, and changes sync immediately across all connected clients.
+
+## Versioning
+
+![Versioning](/studio/v0-5/versioning.png)
+
+Every deployment creates a new version. The version history shows who deployed what and when, with a preview of the workflow state at that point in time. Roll back to any previous version with one click—the live deployment updates immediately.
+
+This matters when something breaks in production. You can instantly revert to the last known good version while you debug, rather than scrambling to fix forward. It also provides a clear audit trail: you can see exactly what changed between versions and who made the change.
+
+---
+
+## 100+ Integrations
+
+![Integrations](/studio/v0-5/integrations.png)
+
+v0.5 adds **100+ integrations** with **300+ actions**. These cover the specific operations you need—not just generic CRUD, but actions like "send Slack message to channel," "create Jira ticket with custom fields," "query Postgres with parameterized SQL," or "enrich contact via Apollo."
+
+- **CRMs & Sales**: Salesforce, HubSpot, Pipedrive, Apollo, Wealthbox
+- **Communication**: Slack, Discord, Microsoft Teams, Telegram, WhatsApp, Twilio
+- **Productivity**: Notion, Confluence, Google Workspace, Microsoft 365, Airtable, Asana, Trello
+- **Developer Tools**: GitHub, GitLab, Jira, Linear, Sentry, Datadog, Grafana
+- **Databases**: PostgreSQL, MySQL, MongoDB, [Supabase](https://supabase.com), DynamoDB, Elasticsearch, [Pinecone](https://pinecone.io), [Qdrant](https://qdrant.tech), Neo4j
+- **Finance**: Stripe, Kalshi, Polymarket
+- **Web & Search**: [Firecrawl](https://firecrawl.dev), [Exa](https://exa.ai), [Tavily](https://tavily.com), [Jina](https://jina.ai), [Serper](https://serper.dev)
+- **Cloud**: AWS (S3, RDS, SQS, Textract, Bedrock), [Browser Use](https://browser-use.com), [Stagehand](https://github.com/browserbase/stagehand)
+
+Each integration handles OAuth or API key authentication. Connect once, and the credentials are available across all workflows in your workspace.
+
+---
+
+## Triggers
+
+Workflows can be triggered through multiple mechanisms:
+
+**Webhooks**: Sim provisions a unique HTTPS endpoint for each workflow. Incoming POST requests are parsed and passed to the first block as input. Supports standard webhook patterns including signature verification for services that provide it.
+
+**Schedules**: Cron-based scheduling with timezone support. Use the visual scheduler or write expressions directly. Execution locks prevent overlapping runs.
+
+**Chat**: Deploy workflows as conversational interfaces. Messages stream to your workflow, responses stream back to the user. Supports multi-turn context.
+
+**API**: REST endpoint with your workflow's input schema. Call it from any system that can make HTTP requests.
+
+**Integration triggers**: Event-driven triggers for specific services—GitHub (PR opened, issue created, push), Stripe (payment succeeded, subscription updated), TypeForm (form submitted), RSS (new item), and more.
+
+**Forms**: Coming soon—build custom input forms that trigger workflows directly.
+
+---
+
+## Knowledge Base
+
+![Knowledge Base](/studio/v0-5/kb.png)
+
+Upload documents—PDFs, text files, markdown, HTML—and make them queryable by your agents. This is [RAG](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retrieval-augmented_generation) (Retrieval Augmented Generation) built directly into Sim.
+
+Documents are chunked, embedded, and indexed using hybrid search ([BM25](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okapi_BM25) + vector embeddings). Agent blocks can query the knowledge base as a tool, retrieving relevant passages based on semantic similarity and keyword matching. When documents are updated, they re-index automatically.
+
+Use cases:
+
+- **Customer support agents** that reference your help docs and troubleshooting guides to resolve tickets
+- **Sales assistants** that pull from product specs, pricing sheets, and competitive intel
+- **Internal Q&A bots** that answer questions about company policies, HR docs, or engineering runbooks
+- **Research workflows** that synthesize information from uploaded papers, reports, or data exports
+
+---
+
+## New Blocks
+
+### Human in the Loop
+
+Pause workflow execution pending human approval. The block sends a notification (email, Slack, or webhook) with approve/reject actions. Execution resumes only on approval—useful for high-stakes operations like customer-facing emails, financial transactions, or content publishing.
+
+### Agent Block
+
+The Agent block now supports three additional tool types:
+
+- **Workflows as tools**: Agents can invoke other Sim workflows, enabling hierarchical architectures where a coordinator agent delegates to specialized sub-workflows
+- **Knowledge base queries**: Agents search your indexed documents directly, retrieving relevant context for their responses
+- **Custom functions**: Execute JavaScript or Python code in isolated sandboxes with configurable timeout and memory limits
+
+### Subflows
+
+Group blocks into collapsible subflows. Use them for loops (iterate over arrays), parallel execution (run branches concurrently), or logical organization. Subflows can be nested and keep complex workflows manageable.
+
+### Router
+
+Conditional branching based on data or LLM classification. Define rules or let the router use an LLM to determine intent and select the appropriate path.
+
+The router now exposes its reasoning in execution logs—when debugging unexpected routing, you can see exactly why a particular branch was selected.
+
+---
+
+## Model Providers
+
+Sim supports 14 providers: [OpenAI](https://openai.com), [Anthropic](https://anthropic.com), [Google](https://ai.google.dev), [Azure OpenAI](https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/ai-services/openai-service), [xAI](https://x.ai), [Mistral](https://mistral.ai), [Deepseek](https://deepseek.com), [Groq](https://groq.com), [Cerebras](https://cerebras.ai), [Ollama](https://ollama.com), and [OpenRouter](https://openrouter.ai).
+
+New in v0.5:
+
+- **[AWS Bedrock](https://aws.amazon.com/bedrock)**: Claude, Nova, Llama, Mistral, and Cohere models via your AWS account
+- **[Google Vertex AI](https://cloud.google.com/vertex-ai)**: Gemini models through Google Cloud
+- **[vLLM](https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm)**: Self-hosted models on your own infrastructure
+
+Model selection is per-block, so you can use faster/cheaper models for simple tasks and more capable models where needed.
+
+---
+
+## Developer Experience
+
+**Custom Tools**: Define your own integrations with custom HTTP endpoints, authentication (API key, OAuth, Bearer token), and request/response schemas. Custom tools appear in the block palette alongside built-in integrations.
+
+**Environment Variables**: Encrypted key-value storage for secrets and configuration. Variables are decrypted at runtime and can be referenced in any block configuration.
+
+**Import/Export**: Export workflows or entire workspaces as JSON. Imports preserve all blocks, connections, configurations, and variable references.
+
+**File Manager**: Upload files to your workspace for use in workflows—templates, seed data, static assets. Files are accessible via internal references or presigned URLs.
+
+---
+
+## Get Started
+
+Available now at [sim.ai](https://sim.ai). Check out the [docs](https://docs.sim.ai) to dive deeper.
+
+*Questions? [help@sim.ai](mailto:help@sim.ai) · [Discord](https://sim.ai/discord)*

apps/sim/executor/constants.ts

@@ -120,6 +120,12 @@ export const SPECIAL_REFERENCE_PREFIXES = [
   REFERENCE.PREFIX.VARIABLE,
 ] as const
 
+export const RESERVED_BLOCK_NAMES = [
+  REFERENCE.PREFIX.LOOP,
+  REFERENCE.PREFIX.PARALLEL,
+  REFERENCE.PREFIX.VARIABLE,
+] as const
+
 export const LOOP_REFERENCE = {
   ITERATION: 'iteration',
   INDEX: 'index',

apps/sim/executor/dag/builder.test.ts

@@ -24,6 +24,71 @@ function createBlock(id: string, metadataId: string): SerializedBlock {
   }
 }
 
+describe('DAGBuilder disabled subflow validation', () => {
+  it('skips validation for disabled loops with no blocks inside', () => {
+    const workflow: SerializedWorkflow = {
+      version: '1',
+      blocks: [
+        createBlock('start', BlockType.STARTER),
+        { ...createBlock('loop-block', BlockType.FUNCTION), enabled: false },
+      ],
+      connections: [],
+      loops: {
+        'loop-1': {
+          id: 'loop-1',
+          nodes: [], // Empty loop - would normally throw
+          iterations: 3,
+        },
+      },
+    }
+
+    const builder = new DAGBuilder()
+    // Should not throw even though loop has no blocks inside
+    expect(() => builder.build(workflow)).not.toThrow()
+  })
+
+  it('skips validation for disabled parallels with no blocks inside', () => {
+    const workflow: SerializedWorkflow = {
+      version: '1',
+      blocks: [createBlock('start', BlockType.STARTER)],
+      connections: [],
+      loops: {},
+      parallels: {
+        'parallel-1': {
+          id: 'parallel-1',
+          nodes: [], // Empty parallel - would normally throw
+        },
+      },
+    }
+
+    const builder = new DAGBuilder()
+    // Should not throw even though parallel has no blocks inside
+    expect(() => builder.build(workflow)).not.toThrow()
+  })
+
+  it('skips validation for loops where all inner blocks are disabled', () => {
+    const workflow: SerializedWorkflow = {
+      version: '1',
+      blocks: [
+        createBlock('start', BlockType.STARTER),
+        { ...createBlock('inner-block', BlockType.FUNCTION), enabled: false },
+      ],
+      connections: [],
+      loops: {
+        'loop-1': {
+          id: 'loop-1',
+          nodes: ['inner-block'], // Has node but it's disabled
+          iterations: 3,
+        },
+      },
+    }
+
+    const builder = new DAGBuilder()
+    // Should not throw - loop is effectively disabled since all inner blocks are disabled
+    expect(() => builder.build(workflow)).not.toThrow()
+  })
+})
+
 describe('DAGBuilder human-in-the-loop transformation', () => {
   it('creates trigger nodes and rewires edges for pause blocks', () => {
     const workflow: SerializedWorkflow = {

apps/sim/executor/dag/builder.ts

@@ -136,17 +136,18 @@ export class DAGBuilder {
     nodes: string[] | undefined,
     type: 'Loop' | 'Parallel'
   ): void {
+    const sentinelStartId =
+      type === 'Loop' ? buildSentinelStartId(id) : buildParallelSentinelStartId(id)
+    const sentinelStartNode = dag.nodes.get(sentinelStartId)
+
+    if (!sentinelStartNode) return
+
     if (!nodes || nodes.length === 0) {
       throw new Error(
         `${type} has no blocks inside. Add at least one block to the ${type.toLowerCase()}.`
       )
     }
 
-    const sentinelStartId =
-      type === 'Loop' ? buildSentinelStartId(id) : buildParallelSentinelStartId(id)
-    const sentinelStartNode = dag.nodes.get(sentinelStartId)
-    if (!sentinelStartNode) return
-
     const hasConnections = Array.from(sentinelStartNode.outgoingEdges.values()).some((edge) =>
       nodes.includes(extractBaseBlockId(edge.target))
     )

apps/sim/executor/execution/edge-manager.ts

@@ -20,21 +20,13 @@ export class EdgeManager {
     const activatedTargets: string[] = []
     const edgesToDeactivate: Array<{ target: string; handle?: string }> = []
 
-    // First pass: categorize edges as activating or deactivating
-    // Don't modify incomingEdges yet - we need the original state for deactivation checks
-    for (const [edgeId, edge] of node.outgoingEdges) {
+    for (const [, edge] of node.outgoingEdges) {
       if (skipBackwardsEdge && this.isBackwardsEdge(edge.sourceHandle)) {
         continue
       }
 
-      const shouldActivate = this.shouldActivateEdge(edge, output)
-      if (!shouldActivate) {
-        const isLoopEdge =
-          edge.sourceHandle === EDGE.LOOP_CONTINUE ||
-          edge.sourceHandle === EDGE.LOOP_CONTINUE_ALT ||
-          edge.sourceHandle === EDGE.LOOP_EXIT
-
-        if (!isLoopEdge) {
+      if (!this.shouldActivateEdge(edge, output)) {
+        if (!this.isLoopEdge(edge.sourceHandle)) {
           edgesToDeactivate.push({ target: edge.target, handle: edge.sourceHandle })
         }
         continue
@@ -43,13 +35,19 @@ export class EdgeManager {
       activatedTargets.push(edge.target)
     }
 
-    // Second pass: process deactivations while incomingEdges is still intact
-    // This ensures hasActiveIncomingEdges can find all potential sources
+    const cascadeTargets = new Set<string>()
     for (const { target, handle } of edgesToDeactivate) {
-      this.deactivateEdgeAndDescendants(node.id, target, handle)
+      this.deactivateEdgeAndDescendants(node.id, target, handle, cascadeTargets)
+    }
+
+    if (activatedTargets.length === 0) {
+      for (const { target } of edgesToDeactivate) {
+        if (this.isTerminalControlNode(target)) {
+          cascadeTargets.add(target)
+        }
+      }
     }
 
-    // Third pass: update incomingEdges for activated targets
     for (const targetId of activatedTargets) {
       const targetNode = this.dag.nodes.get(targetId)
       if (!targetNode) {
@@ -59,28 +57,25 @@ export class EdgeManager {
       targetNode.incomingEdges.delete(node.id)
     }
 
-    // Fourth pass: check readiness after all edge processing is complete
     for (const targetId of activatedTargets) {
-      const targetNode = this.dag.nodes.get(targetId)
-      if (targetNode && this.isNodeReady(targetNode)) {
+      if (this.isTargetReady(targetId)) {
         readyNodes.push(targetId)
       }
     }
 
+    for (const targetId of cascadeTargets) {
+      if (!readyNodes.includes(targetId) && !activatedTargets.includes(targetId)) {
+        if (this.isTargetReady(targetId)) {
+          readyNodes.push(targetId)
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
     return readyNodes
   }
 
   isNodeReady(node: DAGNode): boolean {
-    if (node.incomingEdges.size === 0) {
-      return true
-    }
-
-    const activeIncomingCount = this.countActiveIncomingEdges(node)
-    if (activeIncomingCount > 0) {
-      return false
-    }
-
-    return true
+    return node.incomingEdges.size === 0 || this.countActiveIncomingEdges(node) === 0
   }
 
   restoreIncomingEdge(targetNodeId: string, sourceNodeId: string): void {
@@ -99,13 +94,10 @@ export class EdgeManager {
 
   /**
    * Clear deactivated edges for a set of nodes (used when restoring loop state for next iteration).
-   * This ensures error/success edges can be re-evaluated on each iteration.
    */
   clearDeactivatedEdgesForNodes(nodeIds: Set<string>): void {
     const edgesToRemove: string[] = []
     for (const edgeKey of this.deactivatedEdges) {
-      // Edge key format is "sourceId-targetId-handle"
-      // Check if either source or target is in the nodeIds set
       for (const nodeId of nodeIds) {
         if (edgeKey.startsWith(`${nodeId}-`) || edgeKey.includes(`-${nodeId}-`)) {
           edgesToRemove.push(edgeKey)
@@ -118,6 +110,44 @@ export class EdgeManager {
     }
   }
 
+  private isTargetReady(targetId: string): boolean {
+    const targetNode = this.dag.nodes.get(targetId)
+    return targetNode ? this.isNodeReady(targetNode) : false
+  }
+
+  private isLoopEdge(handle?: string): boolean {
+    return (
+      handle === EDGE.LOOP_CONTINUE ||
+      handle === EDGE.LOOP_CONTINUE_ALT ||
+      handle === EDGE.LOOP_EXIT
+    )
+  }
+
+  private isControlEdge(handle?: string): boolean {
+    return (
+      handle === EDGE.LOOP_CONTINUE ||
+      handle === EDGE.LOOP_CONTINUE_ALT ||
+      handle === EDGE.LOOP_EXIT ||
+      handle === EDGE.PARALLEL_EXIT
+    )
+  }
+
+  private isBackwardsEdge(sourceHandle?: string): boolean {
+    return sourceHandle === EDGE.LOOP_CONTINUE || sourceHandle === EDGE.LOOP_CONTINUE_ALT
+  }
+
+  private isTerminalControlNode(nodeId: string): boolean {
+    const node = this.dag.nodes.get(nodeId)
+    if (!node || node.outgoingEdges.size === 0) return false
+
+    for (const [, edge] of node.outgoingEdges) {
+      if (!this.isControlEdge(edge.sourceHandle)) {
+        return false
+      }
+    }
+    return true
+  }
+
   private shouldActivateEdge(edge: DAGEdge, output: NormalizedBlockOutput): boolean {
     const handle = edge.sourceHandle
 
@@ -159,14 +189,12 @@ export class EdgeManager {
     }
   }
 
-  private isBackwardsEdge(sourceHandle?: string): boolean {
-    return sourceHandle === EDGE.LOOP_CONTINUE || sourceHandle === EDGE.LOOP_CONTINUE_ALT
-  }
-
   private deactivateEdgeAndDescendants(
     sourceId: string,
     targetId: string,
-    sourceHandle?: string
+    sourceHandle?: string,
+    cascadeTargets?: Set<string>,
+    isCascade = false
   ): void {
     const edgeKey = this.createEdgeKey(sourceId, targetId, sourceHandle)
     if (this.deactivatedEdges.has(edgeKey)) {
@@ -174,38 +202,46 @@ export class EdgeManager {
     }
 
     this.deactivatedEdges.add(edgeKey)
+
     const targetNode = this.dag.nodes.get(targetId)
     if (!targetNode) return
 
-    // Check if target has other active incoming edges
-    // Pass the specific edge key being deactivated, not just source ID,
-    // to handle multiple edges from same source to same target (e.g., condition branches)
-    const hasOtherActiveIncoming = this.hasActiveIncomingEdges(targetNode, edgeKey)
-    if (!hasOtherActiveIncoming) {
-      for (const [_, outgoingEdge] of targetNode.outgoingEdges) {
-        this.deactivateEdgeAndDescendants(targetId, outgoingEdge.target, outgoingEdge.sourceHandle)
+    if (isCascade && this.isTerminalControlNode(targetId)) {
+      cascadeTargets?.add(targetId)
+    }
+
+    if (this.hasActiveIncomingEdges(targetNode, edgeKey)) {
+      return
+    }
+
+    for (const [, outgoingEdge] of targetNode.outgoingEdges) {
+      if (!this.isControlEdge(outgoingEdge.sourceHandle)) {
+        this.deactivateEdgeAndDescendants(
+          targetId,
+          outgoingEdge.target,
+          outgoingEdge.sourceHandle,
+          cascadeTargets,
+          true
+        )
       }
     }
   }
 
   /**
    * Checks if a node has any active incoming edges besides the one being excluded.
-   * This properly handles the case where multiple edges from the same source go to
-   * the same target (e.g., multiple condition branches pointing to one block).
    */
   private hasActiveIncomingEdges(node: DAGNode, excludeEdgeKey: string): boolean {
     for (const incomingSourceId of node.incomingEdges) {
       const incomingNode = this.dag.nodes.get(incomingSourceId)
       if (!incomingNode) continue
 
-      for (const [_, incomingEdge] of incomingNode.outgoingEdges) {
+      for (const [, incomingEdge] of incomingNode.outgoingEdges) {
         if (incomingEdge.target === node.id) {
           const incomingEdgeKey = this.createEdgeKey(
             incomingSourceId,
             node.id,
             incomingEdge.sourceHandle
           )
-          // Skip the specific edge being excluded, but check other edges from same source
           if (incomingEdgeKey === excludeEdgeKey) continue
           if (!this.deactivatedEdges.has(incomingEdgeKey)) {
             return true

apps/sim/executor/execution/engine.test.ts

@@ -554,6 +554,413 @@ describe('ExecutionEngine', () => {
     })
   })
 
+  describe('Error handling in execution', () => {
+    it('should fail execution when a single node throws an error', async () => {
+      const startNode = createMockNode('start', 'starter')
+      const errorNode = createMockNode('error-node', 'function')
+      startNode.outgoingEdges.set('edge1', { target: 'error-node' })
+
+      const dag = createMockDAG([startNode, errorNode])
+      const context = createMockContext()
+      const edgeManager = createMockEdgeManager((node) => {
+        if (node.id === 'start') return ['error-node']
+        return []
+      })
+
+      const nodeOrchestrator = {
+        executionCount: 0,
+        executeNode: vi.fn().mockImplementation(async (_ctx: ExecutionContext, nodeId: string) => {
+          if (nodeId === 'error-node') {
+            throw new Error('Block execution failed')
+          }
+          return { nodeId, output: {}, isFinalOutput: false }
+        }),
+        handleNodeCompletion: vi.fn(),
+      } as unknown as MockNodeOrchestrator
+
+      const engine = new ExecutionEngine(context, dag, edgeManager, nodeOrchestrator)
+
+      await expect(engine.run('start')).rejects.toThrow('Block execution failed')
+    })
+
+    it('should stop parallel branches when one branch throws an error', async () => {
+      const startNode = createMockNode('start', 'starter')
+      const parallelNodes = Array.from({ length: 5 }, (_, i) =>
+        createMockNode(`parallel${i}`, 'function')
+      )
+
+      parallelNodes.forEach((_, i) => {
+        startNode.outgoingEdges.set(`edge${i}`, { target: `parallel${i}` })
+      })
+
+      const dag = createMockDAG([startNode, ...parallelNodes])
+      const context = createMockContext()
+      const edgeManager = createMockEdgeManager((node) => {
+        if (node.id === 'start') return parallelNodes.map((_, i) => `parallel${i}`)
+        return []
+      })
+
+      const executedNodes: string[] = []
+      const nodeOrchestrator = {
+        executionCount: 0,
+        executeNode: vi.fn().mockImplementation(async (_ctx: ExecutionContext, nodeId: string) => {
+          executedNodes.push(nodeId)
+          if (nodeId === 'parallel0') {
+            await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 10))
+            throw new Error('Parallel branch failed')
+          }
+          await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 100))
+          return { nodeId, output: {}, isFinalOutput: false }
+        }),
+        handleNodeCompletion: vi.fn(),
+      } as unknown as MockNodeOrchestrator
+
+      const engine = new ExecutionEngine(context, dag, edgeManager, nodeOrchestrator)
+
+      await expect(engine.run('start')).rejects.toThrow('Parallel branch failed')
+    })
+
+    it('should capture only the first error when multiple parallel branches fail', async () => {
+      const startNode = createMockNode('start', 'starter')
+      const parallelNodes = Array.from({ length: 3 }, (_, i) =>
+        createMockNode(`parallel${i}`, 'function')
+      )
+
+      parallelNodes.forEach((_, i) => {
+        startNode.outgoingEdges.set(`edge${i}`, { target: `parallel${i}` })
+      })
+
+      const dag = createMockDAG([startNode, ...parallelNodes])
+      const context = createMockContext()
+      const edgeManager = createMockEdgeManager((node) => {
+        if (node.id === 'start') return parallelNodes.map((_, i) => `parallel${i}`)
+        return []
+      })
+
+      const nodeOrchestrator = {
+        executionCount: 0,
+        executeNode: vi.fn().mockImplementation(async (_ctx: ExecutionContext, nodeId: string) => {
+          if (nodeId === 'parallel0') {
+            await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 10))
+            throw new Error('First error')
+          }
+          if (nodeId === 'parallel1') {
+            await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 20))
+            throw new Error('Second error')
+          }
+          if (nodeId === 'parallel2') {
+            await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 30))
+            throw new Error('Third error')
+          }
+          return { nodeId, output: {}, isFinalOutput: false }
+        }),
+        handleNodeCompletion: vi.fn(),
+      } as unknown as MockNodeOrchestrator
+
+      const engine = new ExecutionEngine(context, dag, edgeManager, nodeOrchestrator)
+
+      await expect(engine.run('start')).rejects.toThrow('First error')
+    })
+
+    it('should wait for ongoing executions to complete before throwing error', async () => {
+      const startNode = createMockNode('start', 'starter')
+      const fastErrorNode = createMockNode('fast-error', 'function')
+      const slowNode = createMockNode('slow', 'function')
+
+      startNode.outgoingEdges.set('edge1', { target: 'fast-error' })
+      startNode.outgoingEdges.set('edge2', { target: 'slow' })
+
+      const dag = createMockDAG([startNode, fastErrorNode, slowNode])
+      const context = createMockContext()
+      const edgeManager = createMockEdgeManager((node) => {
+        if (node.id === 'start') return ['fast-error', 'slow']
+        return []
+      })
+
+      let slowNodeCompleted = false
+      const nodeOrchestrator = {
+        executionCount: 0,
+        executeNode: vi.fn().mockImplementation(async (_ctx: ExecutionContext, nodeId: string) => {
+          if (nodeId === 'fast-error') {
+            await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 10))
+            throw new Error('Fast error')
+          }
+          if (nodeId === 'slow') {
+            await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 50))
+            slowNodeCompleted = true
+            return { nodeId, output: {}, isFinalOutput: false }
+          }
+          return { nodeId, output: {}, isFinalOutput: false }
+        }),
+        handleNodeCompletion: vi.fn(),
+      } as unknown as MockNodeOrchestrator
+
+      const engine = new ExecutionEngine(context, dag, edgeManager, nodeOrchestrator)
+
+      await expect(engine.run('start')).rejects.toThrow('Fast error')
+
+      expect(slowNodeCompleted).toBe(true)
+    })
+
+    it('should not queue new nodes after an error occurs', async () => {
+      const startNode = createMockNode('start', 'starter')
+      const errorNode = createMockNode('error-node', 'function')
+      const afterErrorNode = createMockNode('after-error', 'function')
+
+      startNode.outgoingEdges.set('edge1', { target: 'error-node' })
+      errorNode.outgoingEdges.set('edge2', { target: 'after-error' })
+
+      const dag = createMockDAG([startNode, errorNode, afterErrorNode])
+      const context = createMockContext()
+
+      const queuedNodes: string[] = []
+      const edgeManager = createMockEdgeManager((node) => {
+        if (node.id === 'start') {
+          queuedNodes.push('error-node')
+          return ['error-node']
+        }
+        if (node.id === 'error-node') {
+          queuedNodes.push('after-error')
+          return ['after-error']
+        }
+        return []
+      })
+
+      const executedNodes: string[] = []
+      const nodeOrchestrator = {
+        executionCount: 0,
+        executeNode: vi.fn().mockImplementation(async (_ctx: ExecutionContext, nodeId: string) => {
+          executedNodes.push(nodeId)
+          if (nodeId === 'error-node') {
+            throw new Error('Node error')
+          }
+          return { nodeId, output: {}, isFinalOutput: false }
+        }),
+        handleNodeCompletion: vi.fn(),
+      } as unknown as MockNodeOrchestrator
+
+      const engine = new ExecutionEngine(context, dag, edgeManager, nodeOrchestrator)
+
+      await expect(engine.run('start')).rejects.toThrow('Node error')
+
+      expect(executedNodes).not.toContain('after-error')
+    })
+
+    it('should populate error result with metadata when execution fails', async () => {
+      const startNode = createMockNode('start', 'starter')
+      const errorNode = createMockNode('error-node', 'function')
+      startNode.outgoingEdges.set('edge1', { target: 'error-node' })
+
+      const dag = createMockDAG([startNode, errorNode])
+      const context = createMockContext()
+      context.blockLogs.push({
+        blockId: 'start',
+        blockName: 'Start',
+        blockType: 'starter',
+        startedAt: new Date().toISOString(),
+        endedAt: new Date().toISOString(),
+        durationMs: 10,
+        success: true,
+      })
+
+      const edgeManager = createMockEdgeManager((node) => {
+        if (node.id === 'start') return ['error-node']
+        return []
+      })
+
+      const nodeOrchestrator = {
+        executionCount: 0,
+        executeNode: vi.fn().mockImplementation(async (_ctx: ExecutionContext, nodeId: string) => {
+          if (nodeId === 'error-node') {
+            const error = new Error('Execution failed') as any
+            error.executionResult = {
+              success: false,
+              output: { partial: 'data' },
+              logs: context.blockLogs,
+              metadata: context.metadata,
+            }
+            throw error
+          }
+          return { nodeId, output: {}, isFinalOutput: false }
+        }),
+        handleNodeCompletion: vi.fn(),
+      } as unknown as MockNodeOrchestrator
+
+      const engine = new ExecutionEngine(context, dag, edgeManager, nodeOrchestrator)
+
+      try {
+        await engine.run('start')
+        expect.fail('Should have thrown')
+      } catch (error: any) {
+        expect(error.executionResult).toBeDefined()
+        expect(error.executionResult.metadata.endTime).toBeDefined()
+        expect(error.executionResult.metadata.duration).toBeDefined()
+      }
+    })
+
+    it('should prefer cancellation status over error when both occur', async () => {
+      const abortController = new AbortController()
+
+      const startNode = createMockNode('start', 'starter')
+      const errorNode = createMockNode('error-node', 'function')
+      startNode.outgoingEdges.set('edge1', { target: 'error-node' })
+
+      const dag = createMockDAG([startNode, errorNode])
+      const context = createMockContext({ abortSignal: abortController.signal })
+      const edgeManager = createMockEdgeManager((node) => {
+        if (node.id === 'start') return ['error-node']
+        return []
+      })
+
+      const nodeOrchestrator = {
+        executionCount: 0,
+        executeNode: vi.fn().mockImplementation(async (_ctx: ExecutionContext, nodeId: string) => {
+          if (nodeId === 'error-node') {
+            abortController.abort()
+            throw new Error('Node error')
+          }
+          return { nodeId, output: {}, isFinalOutput: false }
+        }),
+        handleNodeCompletion: vi.fn(),
+      } as unknown as MockNodeOrchestrator
+
+      const engine = new ExecutionEngine(context, dag, edgeManager, nodeOrchestrator)
+      const result = await engine.run('start')
+
+      expect(result.status).toBe('cancelled')
+      expect(result.success).toBe(false)
+    })
+
+    it('should stop loop iteration when error occurs in loop body', async () => {
+      const loopStartNode = createMockNode('loop-start', 'loop_sentinel')
+      loopStartNode.metadata = { isSentinel: true, sentinelType: 'start', loopId: 'loop1' }
+
+      const loopBodyNode = createMockNode('loop-body', 'function')
+      loopBodyNode.metadata = { isLoopNode: true, loopId: 'loop1' }
+
+      const loopEndNode = createMockNode('loop-end', 'loop_sentinel')
+      loopEndNode.metadata = { isSentinel: true, sentinelType: 'end', loopId: 'loop1' }
+
+      const afterLoopNode = createMockNode('after-loop', 'function')
+
+      loopStartNode.outgoingEdges.set('edge1', { target: 'loop-body' })
+      loopBodyNode.outgoingEdges.set('edge2', { target: 'loop-end' })
+      loopEndNode.outgoingEdges.set('loop_continue', {
+        target: 'loop-start',
+        sourceHandle: 'loop_continue',
+      })
+      loopEndNode.outgoingEdges.set('loop_complete', {
+        target: 'after-loop',
+        sourceHandle: 'loop_complete',
+      })
+
+      const dag = createMockDAG([loopStartNode, loopBodyNode, loopEndNode, afterLoopNode])
+      const context = createMockContext()
+
+      let iterationCount = 0
+      const edgeManager = createMockEdgeManager((node) => {
+        if (node.id === 'loop-start') return ['loop-body']
+        if (node.id === 'loop-body') return ['loop-end']
+        if (node.id === 'loop-end') {
+          iterationCount++
+          if (iterationCount < 5) return ['loop-start']
+          return ['after-loop']
+        }
+        return []
+      })
+
+      const nodeOrchestrator = {
+        executionCount: 0,
+        executeNode: vi.fn().mockImplementation(async (_ctx: ExecutionContext, nodeId: string) => {
+          if (nodeId === 'loop-body' && iterationCount >= 2) {
+            throw new Error('Loop body error on iteration 3')
+          }
+          return { nodeId, output: {}, isFinalOutput: false }
+        }),
+        handleNodeCompletion: vi.fn(),
+      } as unknown as MockNodeOrchestrator
+
+      const engine = new ExecutionEngine(context, dag, edgeManager, nodeOrchestrator)
+
+      await expect(engine.run('loop-start')).rejects.toThrow('Loop body error on iteration 3')
+
+      expect(iterationCount).toBeLessThanOrEqual(3)
+    })
+
+    it('should handle error that is not an Error instance', async () => {
+      const startNode = createMockNode('start', 'starter')
+      const errorNode = createMockNode('error-node', 'function')
+      startNode.outgoingEdges.set('edge1', { target: 'error-node' })
+
+      const dag = createMockDAG([startNode, errorNode])
+      const context = createMockContext()
+      const edgeManager = createMockEdgeManager((node) => {
+        if (node.id === 'start') return ['error-node']
+        return []
+      })
+
+      const nodeOrchestrator = {
+        executionCount: 0,
+        executeNode: vi.fn().mockImplementation(async (_ctx: ExecutionContext, nodeId: string) => {
+          if (nodeId === 'error-node') {
+            throw 'String error message'
+          }
+          return { nodeId, output: {}, isFinalOutput: false }
+        }),
+        handleNodeCompletion: vi.fn(),
+      } as unknown as MockNodeOrchestrator
+
+      const engine = new ExecutionEngine(context, dag, edgeManager, nodeOrchestrator)
+
+      await expect(engine.run('start')).rejects.toThrow('String error message')
+    })
+
+    it('should preserve partial output when error occurs after some blocks complete', async () => {
+      const startNode = createMockNode('start', 'starter')
+      const successNode = createMockNode('success', 'function')
+      const errorNode = createMockNode('error-node', 'function')
+
+      startNode.outgoingEdges.set('edge1', { target: 'success' })
+      successNode.outgoingEdges.set('edge2', { target: 'error-node' })
+
+      const dag = createMockDAG([startNode, successNode, errorNode])
+      const context = createMockContext()
+      const edgeManager = createMockEdgeManager((node) => {
+        if (node.id === 'start') return ['success']
+        if (node.id === 'success') return ['error-node']
+        return []
+      })
+
+      const nodeOrchestrator = {
+        executionCount: 0,
+        executeNode: vi.fn().mockImplementation(async (_ctx: ExecutionContext, nodeId: string) => {
+          if (nodeId === 'success') {
+            return { nodeId, output: { successData: 'preserved' }, isFinalOutput: false }
+          }
+          if (nodeId === 'error-node') {
+            throw new Error('Late error')
+          }
+          return { nodeId, output: {}, isFinalOutput: false }
+        }),
+        handleNodeCompletion: vi.fn(),
+      } as unknown as MockNodeOrchestrator
+
+      const engine = new ExecutionEngine(context, dag, edgeManager, nodeOrchestrator)
+
+      try {
+        await engine.run('start')
+        expect.fail('Should have thrown')
+      } catch (error: any) {
+        // Verify the error was thrown
+        expect(error.message).toBe('Late error')
+        // The partial output should be available in executionResult if attached
+        if (error.executionResult) {
+          expect(error.executionResult.output).toBeDefined()
+        }
+      }
+    })
+  })
+
   describe('Cancellation flag behavior', () => {
     it('should set cancelledFlag when abort signal fires', async () => {
       const abortController = new AbortController()

apps/sim/executor/execution/engine.ts

@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ export class ExecutionEngine {
   private pausedBlocks: Map<string, PauseMetadata> = new Map()
   private allowResumeTriggers: boolean
   private cancelledFlag = false
+  private errorFlag = false
+  private executionError: Error | null = null
   private lastCancellationCheck = 0
   private readonly useRedisCancellation: boolean
   private readonly CANCELLATION_CHECK_INTERVAL_MS = 500
@@ -103,7 +105,7 @@ export class ExecutionEngine {
       this.initializeQueue(triggerBlockId)
 
       while (this.hasWork()) {
-        if (await this.checkCancellation()) {
+        if ((await this.checkCancellation()) || this.errorFlag) {
           break
         }
         await this.processQueue()
@@ -113,6 +115,11 @@ export class ExecutionEngine {
         await this.waitForAllExecutions()
       }
 
+      // Rethrow the captured error so it's handled by the catch block
+      if (this.errorFlag && this.executionError) {
+        throw this.executionError
+      }
+
       if (this.pausedBlocks.size > 0) {
         return this.buildPausedResult(startTime)
       }
@@ -196,11 +203,17 @@ export class ExecutionEngine {
   }
 
   private trackExecution(promise: Promise<void>): void {
-    this.executing.add(promise)
-    promise.catch(() => {})
-    promise.finally(() => {
-      this.executing.delete(promise)
-    })
+    const trackedPromise = promise
+      .catch((error) => {
+        if (!this.errorFlag) {
+          this.errorFlag = true
+          this.executionError = error instanceof Error ? error : new Error(String(error))
+        }
+      })
+      .finally(() => {
+        this.executing.delete(trackedPromise)
+      })
+    this.executing.add(trackedPromise)
   }
 
   private async waitForAnyExecution(): Promise<void> {
@@ -315,7 +328,7 @@ export class ExecutionEngine {
 
   private async processQueue(): Promise<void> {
     while (this.readyQueue.length > 0) {
-      if (await this.checkCancellation()) {
+      if ((await this.checkCancellation()) || this.errorFlag) {
         break
       }
       const nodeId = this.dequeue()
@@ -324,7 +337,7 @@ export class ExecutionEngine {
       this.trackExecution(promise)
     }
 
-    if (this.executing.size > 0 && !this.cancelledFlag) {
+    if (this.executing.size > 0 && !this.cancelledFlag && !this.errorFlag) {
       await this.waitForAnyExecution()
     }
   }

apps/sim/executor/handlers/agent/agent-handler.ts

@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ export class AgentBlockHandler implements BlockHandler {
       base.executeFunction = async (callParams: Record<string, any>) => {
         const mergedParams = mergeToolParameters(userProvidedParams, callParams)
 
-        const { blockData, blockNameMapping } = collectBlockData(ctx)
+        const { blockData, blockNameMapping, blockOutputSchemas } = collectBlockData(ctx)
 
         const result = await executeTool(
           'function_execute',
@@ -317,6 +317,7 @@ export class AgentBlockHandler implements BlockHandler {
             workflowVariables: ctx.workflowVariables || {},
             blockData,
             blockNameMapping,
+            blockOutputSchemas,
             isCustomTool: true,
             _context: {
               workflowId: ctx.workflowId,
@@ -347,8 +348,8 @@ export class AgentBlockHandler implements BlockHandler {
   ): Promise<{ schema: any; code: string; title: string } | null> {
     if (typeof window !== 'undefined') {
       try {
-        const { useCustomToolsStore } = await import('@/stores/custom-tools')
-        const tool = useCustomToolsStore.getState().getTool(customToolId)
+        const { getCustomTool } = await import('@/hooks/queries/custom-tools')
+        const tool = getCustomTool(customToolId, ctx.workspaceId)
         if (tool) {
           return {
             schema: tool.schema,
@@ -356,9 +357,9 @@ export class AgentBlockHandler implements BlockHandler {
             title: tool.title,
           }
         }
-        logger.warn(`Custom tool not found in store: ${customToolId}`)
+        logger.warn(`Custom tool not found in cache: ${customToolId}`)
       } catch (error) {
-        logger.error('Error accessing custom tools store:', { error })
+        logger.error('Error accessing custom tools cache:', { error })
       }
     }
 

apps/sim/executor/handlers/condition/condition-handler.ts

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ export async function evaluateConditionExpression(
     const contextSetup = `const context = ${JSON.stringify(evalContext)};`
     const code = `${contextSetup}\nreturn Boolean(${conditionExpression})`
 
-    const { blockData, blockNameMapping } = collectBlockData(ctx)
+    const { blockData, blockNameMapping, blockOutputSchemas } = collectBlockData(ctx)
 
     const result = await executeTool(
       'function_execute',
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ export async function evaluateConditionExpression(
         workflowVariables: ctx.workflowVariables || {},
         blockData,
         blockNameMapping,
+        blockOutputSchemas,
         _context: {
           workflowId: ctx.workflowId,
           workspaceId: ctx.workspaceId,

apps/sim/executor/handlers/function/function-handler.test.ts

@@ -75,7 +75,12 @@ describe('FunctionBlockHandler', () => {
       workflowVariables: {},
       blockData: {},
       blockNameMapping: {},
-      _context: { workflowId: mockContext.workflowId, workspaceId: mockContext.workspaceId },
+      blockOutputSchemas: {},
+      _context: {
+        workflowId: mockContext.workflowId,
+        workspaceId: mockContext.workspaceId,
+        isDeployedContext: mockContext.isDeployedContext,
+      },
     }
     const expectedOutput: any = { result: 'Success' }
 
@@ -84,8 +89,8 @@ describe('FunctionBlockHandler', () => {
     expect(mockExecuteTool).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
       'function_execute',
       expectedToolParams,
-      false, // skipPostProcess
-      mockContext // execution context
+      false,
+      mockContext
     )
     expect(result).toEqual(expectedOutput)
   })
@@ -107,7 +112,12 @@ describe('FunctionBlockHandler', () => {
       workflowVariables: {},
       blockData: {},
       blockNameMapping: {},
-      _context: { workflowId: mockContext.workflowId, workspaceId: mockContext.workspaceId },
+      blockOutputSchemas: {},
+      _context: {
+        workflowId: mockContext.workflowId,
+        workspaceId: mockContext.workspaceId,
+        isDeployedContext: mockContext.isDeployedContext,
+      },
     }
     const expectedOutput: any = { result: 'Success' }
 
@@ -116,8 +126,8 @@ describe('FunctionBlockHandler', () => {
     expect(mockExecuteTool).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
       'function_execute',
       expectedToolParams,
-      false, // skipPostProcess
-      mockContext // execution context
+      false,
+      mockContext
     )
     expect(result).toEqual(expectedOutput)
   })
@@ -132,7 +142,12 @@ describe('FunctionBlockHandler', () => {
       workflowVariables: {},
       blockData: {},
       blockNameMapping: {},
-      _context: { workflowId: mockContext.workflowId, workspaceId: mockContext.workspaceId },
+      blockOutputSchemas: {},
+      _context: {
+        workflowId: mockContext.workflowId,
+        workspaceId: mockContext.workspaceId,
+        isDeployedContext: mockContext.isDeployedContext,
+      },
     }
 
     await handler.execute(mockContext, mockBlock, inputs)

apps/sim/executor/handlers/function/function-handler.ts

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ export class FunctionBlockHandler implements BlockHandler {
       ? inputs.code.map((c: { content: string }) => c.content).join('\n')
       : inputs.code
 
-    const { blockData, blockNameMapping } = collectBlockData(ctx)
+    const { blockData, blockNameMapping, blockOutputSchemas } = collectBlockData(ctx)
 
     const result = await executeTool(
       'function_execute',
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ export class FunctionBlockHandler implements BlockHandler {
         workflowVariables: ctx.workflowVariables || {},
         blockData,
         blockNameMapping,
+        blockOutputSchemas,
         _context: {
           workflowId: ctx.workflowId,
           workspaceId: ctx.workspaceId,

apps/sim/executor/handlers/human-in-the-loop/human-in-the-loop-handler.ts

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ import {
 } from '@/executor/human-in-the-loop/utils'
 import type { BlockHandler, ExecutionContext, PauseMetadata } from '@/executor/types'
 import { collectBlockData } from '@/executor/utils/block-data'
+import { parseObjectStrings } from '@/executor/utils/json'
 import type { SerializedBlock } from '@/serializer/types'
 import { executeTool } from '@/tools'
 
@@ -265,7 +266,7 @@ export class HumanInTheLoopBlockHandler implements BlockHandler {
 
     if (dataMode === 'structured' && inputs.builderData) {
       const convertedData = this.convertBuilderDataToJson(inputs.builderData)
-      return this.parseObjectStrings(convertedData)
+      return parseObjectStrings(convertedData)
     }
 
     return inputs.data || {}
@@ -485,29 +486,6 @@ export class HumanInTheLoopBlockHandler implements BlockHandler {
     )
   }
 
-  private parseObjectStrings(data: any): any {
-    if (typeof data === 'string') {
-      try {
-        const parsed = JSON.parse(data)
-        if (typeof parsed === 'object' && parsed !== null) {
-          return this.parseObjectStrings(parsed)
-        }
-        return parsed
-      } catch {
-        return data
-      }
-    } else if (Array.isArray(data)) {
-      return data.map((item) => this.parseObjectStrings(item))
-    } else if (typeof data === 'object' && data !== null) {
-      const result: any = {}
-      for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(data)) {
-        result[key] = this.parseObjectStrings(value)
-      }
-      return result
-    }
-    return data
-  }
-
   private parseStatus(status?: string): number {
     if (!status) return HTTP.STATUS.OK
     const parsed = Number(status)

apps/sim/executor/handlers/response/response-handler.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { createLogger } from '@sim/logger'
 import { BlockType, HTTP, REFERENCE } from '@/executor/constants'
 import type { BlockHandler, ExecutionContext, NormalizedBlockOutput } from '@/executor/types'
+import { parseObjectStrings } from '@/executor/utils/json'
 import type { SerializedBlock } from '@/serializer/types'
 
 const logger = createLogger('ResponseBlockHandler')
@@ -73,7 +74,7 @@ export class ResponseBlockHandler implements BlockHandler {
 
     if (dataMode === 'structured' && inputs.builderData) {
       const convertedData = this.convertBuilderDataToJson(inputs.builderData)
-      return this.parseObjectStrings(convertedData)
+      return parseObjectStrings(convertedData)
     }
 
     return inputs.data || {}
@@ -222,29 +223,6 @@ export class ResponseBlockHandler implements BlockHandler {
     )
   }
 
-  private parseObjectStrings(data: any): any {
-    if (typeof data === 'string') {
-      try {
-        const parsed = JSON.parse(data)
-        if (typeof parsed === 'object' && parsed !== null) {
-          return this.parseObjectStrings(parsed)
-        }
-        return parsed
-      } catch {
-        return data
-      }
-    } else if (Array.isArray(data)) {
-      return data.map((item) => this.parseObjectStrings(item))
-    } else if (typeof data === 'object' && data !== null) {
-      const result: any = {}
-      for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(data)) {
-        result[key] = this.parseObjectStrings(value)
-      }
-      return result
-    }
-    return data
-  }
-
   private parseStatus(status?: string): number {
     if (!status) return HTTP.STATUS.OK
     const parsed = Number(status)

apps/sim/executor/handlers/router/router-handler.test.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import '@sim/testing/mocks/executor'
 
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, type Mock, vi } from 'vitest'
-import { generateRouterPrompt } from '@/blocks/blocks/router'
+import { generateRouterPrompt, generateRouterV2Prompt } from '@/blocks/blocks/router'
 import { BlockType } from '@/executor/constants'
 import { RouterBlockHandler } from '@/executor/handlers/router/router-handler'
 import type { ExecutionContext } from '@/executor/types'
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import { getProviderFromModel } from '@/providers/utils'
 import type { SerializedBlock, SerializedWorkflow } from '@/serializer/types'
 
 const mockGenerateRouterPrompt = generateRouterPrompt as Mock
+const mockGenerateRouterV2Prompt = generateRouterV2Prompt as Mock
 const mockGetProviderFromModel = getProviderFromModel as Mock
 const mockFetch = global.fetch as unknown as Mock
 
@@ -44,7 +45,7 @@ describe('RouterBlockHandler', () => {
       metadata: { id: BlockType.ROUTER, name: 'Test Router' },
       position: { x: 50, y: 50 },
       config: { tool: BlockType.ROUTER, params: {} },
-      inputs: { prompt: 'string', model: 'string' }, // Using ParamType strings
+      inputs: { prompt: 'string', model: 'string' },
       outputs: {},
       enabled: true,
     }
@@ -72,14 +73,11 @@ describe('RouterBlockHandler', () => {
       workflow: mockWorkflow as SerializedWorkflow,
     }
 
-    // Reset mocks using vi
     vi.clearAllMocks()
 
-    // Default mock implementations
     mockGetProviderFromModel.mockReturnValue('openai')
     mockGenerateRouterPrompt.mockReturnValue('Generated System Prompt')
 
-    // Set up fetch mock to return a successful response
     mockFetch.mockImplementation(() => {
       return Promise.resolve({
         ok: true,
@@ -147,7 +145,6 @@ describe('RouterBlockHandler', () => {
       })
     )
 
-    // Verify the request body contains the expected data
     const fetchCallArgs = mockFetch.mock.calls[0]
     const requestBody = JSON.parse(fetchCallArgs[1].body)
     expect(requestBody).toMatchObject({
@@ -180,7 +177,6 @@ describe('RouterBlockHandler', () => {
     const inputs = { prompt: 'Test' }
     mockContext.workflow!.blocks = [mockBlock, mockTargetBlock2]
 
-    // Expect execute to throw because getTargetBlocks (called internally) will throw
     await expect(handler.execute(mockContext, mockBlock, inputs)).rejects.toThrow(
       'Target block target-block-1 not found'
     )
@@ -190,7 +186,6 @@ describe('RouterBlockHandler', () => {
   it('should throw error if LLM response is not a valid target block ID', async () => {
     const inputs = { prompt: 'Test', apiKey: 'test-api-key' }
 
-    // Override fetch mock to return an invalid block ID
     mockFetch.mockImplementationOnce(() => {
       return Promise.resolve({
         ok: true,
@@ -228,7 +223,6 @@ describe('RouterBlockHandler', () => {
   it('should handle server error responses', async () => {
     const inputs = { prompt: 'Test error handling.', apiKey: 'test-api-key' }
 
-    // Override fetch mock to return an error
     mockFetch.mockImplementationOnce(() => {
       return Promise.resolve({
         ok: false,
@@ -276,13 +270,12 @@ describe('RouterBlockHandler', () => {
 
     mockGetProviderFromModel.mockReturnValue('vertex')
 
-    // Mock the database query for Vertex credential
     const mockDb = await import('@sim/db')
     const mockAccount = {
       id: 'test-vertex-credential-id',
       accessToken: 'mock-access-token',
       refreshToken: 'mock-refresh-token',
-      expiresAt: new Date(Date.now() + 3600000), // 1 hour from now
+      expiresAt: new Date(Date.now() + 3600000),
     }
     vi.spyOn(mockDb.db.query.account, 'findFirst').mockResolvedValue(mockAccount as any)
 
@@ -300,3 +293,287 @@ describe('RouterBlockHandler', () => {
     expect(requestBody.apiKey).toBe('mock-access-token')
   })
 })
+
+describe('RouterBlockHandler V2', () => {
+  let handler: RouterBlockHandler
+  let mockRouterV2Block: SerializedBlock
+  let mockContext: ExecutionContext
+  let mockWorkflow: Partial<SerializedWorkflow>
+  let mockTargetBlock1: SerializedBlock
+  let mockTargetBlock2: SerializedBlock
+
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    mockTargetBlock1 = {
+      id: 'target-block-1',
+      metadata: { id: 'agent', name: 'Support Agent' },
+      position: { x: 100, y: 100 },
+      config: { tool: 'agent', params: {} },
+      inputs: {},
+      outputs: {},
+      enabled: true,
+    }
+    mockTargetBlock2 = {
+      id: 'target-block-2',
+      metadata: { id: 'agent', name: 'Sales Agent' },
+      position: { x: 100, y: 150 },
+      config: { tool: 'agent', params: {} },
+      inputs: {},
+      outputs: {},
+      enabled: true,
+    }
+    mockRouterV2Block = {
+      id: 'router-v2-block-1',
+      metadata: { id: BlockType.ROUTER_V2, name: 'Test Router V2' },
+      position: { x: 50, y: 50 },
+      config: { tool: BlockType.ROUTER_V2, params: {} },
+      inputs: {},
+      outputs: {},
+      enabled: true,
+    }
+    mockWorkflow = {
+      blocks: [mockRouterV2Block, mockTargetBlock1, mockTargetBlock2],
+      connections: [
+        {
+          source: mockRouterV2Block.id,
+          target: mockTargetBlock1.id,
+          sourceHandle: 'router-route-support',
+        },
+        {
+          source: mockRouterV2Block.id,
+          target: mockTargetBlock2.id,
+          sourceHandle: 'router-route-sales',
+        },
+      ],
+    }
+
+    handler = new RouterBlockHandler({})
+
+    mockContext = {
+      workflowId: 'test-workflow-id',
+      blockStates: new Map(),
+      blockLogs: [],
+      metadata: { duration: 0 },
+      environmentVariables: {},
+      decisions: { router: new Map(), condition: new Map() },
+      loopExecutions: new Map(),
+      completedLoops: new Set(),
+      executedBlocks: new Set(),
+      activeExecutionPath: new Set(),
+      workflow: mockWorkflow as SerializedWorkflow,
+    }
+
+    vi.clearAllMocks()
+
+    mockGetProviderFromModel.mockReturnValue('openai')
+    mockGenerateRouterV2Prompt.mockReturnValue('Generated V2 System Prompt')
+  })
+
+  it('should handle router_v2 blocks', () => {
+    expect(handler.canHandle(mockRouterV2Block)).toBe(true)
+  })
+
+  it('should execute router V2 and return reasoning', async () => {
+    const inputs = {
+      context: 'I need help with a billing issue',
+      model: 'gpt-4o',
+      apiKey: 'test-api-key',
+      routes: JSON.stringify([
+        { id: 'route-support', title: 'Support', value: 'Customer support inquiries' },
+        { id: 'route-sales', title: 'Sales', value: 'Sales and pricing questions' },
+      ]),
+    }
+
+    mockFetch.mockImplementationOnce(() => {
+      return Promise.resolve({
+        ok: true,
+        json: () =>
+          Promise.resolve({
+            content: JSON.stringify({
+              route: 'route-support',
+              reasoning: 'The user mentioned a billing issue which is a customer support matter.',
+            }),
+            model: 'gpt-4o',
+            tokens: { input: 150, output: 25, total: 175 },
+          }),
+      })
+    })
+
+    const result = await handler.execute(mockContext, mockRouterV2Block, inputs)
+
+    expect(result).toMatchObject({
+      context: 'I need help with a billing issue',
+      model: 'gpt-4o',
+      selectedRoute: 'route-support',
+      reasoning: 'The user mentioned a billing issue which is a customer support matter.',
+      selectedPath: {
+        blockId: 'target-block-1',
+        blockType: 'agent',
+        blockTitle: 'Support Agent',
+      },
+    })
+  })
+
+  it('should include responseFormat in provider request', async () => {
+    const inputs = {
+      context: 'Test context',
+      model: 'gpt-4o',
+      apiKey: 'test-api-key',
+      routes: JSON.stringify([{ id: 'route-1', title: 'Route 1', value: 'Description 1' }]),
+    }
+
+    mockFetch.mockImplementationOnce(() => {
+      return Promise.resolve({
+        ok: true,
+        json: () =>
+          Promise.resolve({
+            content: JSON.stringify({ route: 'route-1', reasoning: 'Test reasoning' }),
+            model: 'gpt-4o',
+            tokens: { input: 100, output: 20, total: 120 },
+          }),
+      })
+    })
+
+    await handler.execute(mockContext, mockRouterV2Block, inputs)
+
+    const fetchCallArgs = mockFetch.mock.calls[0]
+    const requestBody = JSON.parse(fetchCallArgs[1].body)
+
+    expect(requestBody.responseFormat).toEqual({
+      name: 'router_response',
+      schema: {
+        type: 'object',
+        properties: {
+          route: {
+            type: 'string',
+            description: 'The selected route ID or NO_MATCH',
+          },
+          reasoning: {
+            type: 'string',
+            description: 'Brief explanation of why this route was chosen',
+          },
+        },
+        required: ['route', 'reasoning'],
+        additionalProperties: false,
+      },
+      strict: true,
+    })
+  })
+
+  it('should handle NO_MATCH response with reasoning', async () => {
+    const inputs = {
+      context: 'Random unrelated query',
+      model: 'gpt-4o',
+      apiKey: 'test-api-key',
+      routes: JSON.stringify([{ id: 'route-1', title: 'Route 1', value: 'Specific topic' }]),
+    }
+
+    mockFetch.mockImplementationOnce(() => {
+      return Promise.resolve({
+        ok: true,
+        json: () =>
+          Promise.resolve({
+            content: JSON.stringify({
+              route: 'NO_MATCH',
+              reasoning: 'The query does not relate to any available route.',
+            }),
+            model: 'gpt-4o',
+            tokens: { input: 100, output: 20, total: 120 },
+          }),
+      })
+    })
+
+    await expect(handler.execute(mockContext, mockRouterV2Block, inputs)).rejects.toThrow(
+      'Router could not determine a matching route: The query does not relate to any available route.'
+    )
+  })
+
+  it('should throw error for invalid route ID in response', async () => {
+    const inputs = {
+      context: 'Test context',
+      model: 'gpt-4o',
+      apiKey: 'test-api-key',
+      routes: JSON.stringify([{ id: 'route-1', title: 'Route 1', value: 'Description' }]),
+    }
+
+    mockFetch.mockImplementationOnce(() => {
+      return Promise.resolve({
+        ok: true,
+        json: () =>
+          Promise.resolve({
+            content: JSON.stringify({ route: 'invalid-route', reasoning: 'Some reasoning' }),
+            model: 'gpt-4o',
+            tokens: { input: 100, output: 20, total: 120 },
+          }),
+      })
+    })
+
+    await expect(handler.execute(mockContext, mockRouterV2Block, inputs)).rejects.toThrow(
+      /Router could not determine a valid route/
+    )
+  })
+
+  it('should handle routes passed as array instead of JSON string', async () => {
+    const inputs = {
+      context: 'Test context',
+      model: 'gpt-4o',
+      apiKey: 'test-api-key',
+      routes: [{ id: 'route-1', title: 'Route 1', value: 'Description' }],
+    }
+
+    mockFetch.mockImplementationOnce(() => {
+      return Promise.resolve({
+        ok: true,
+        json: () =>
+          Promise.resolve({
+            content: JSON.stringify({ route: 'route-1', reasoning: 'Matched route 1' }),
+            model: 'gpt-4o',
+            tokens: { input: 100, output: 20, total: 120 },
+          }),
+      })
+    })
+
+    const result = await handler.execute(mockContext, mockRouterV2Block, inputs)
+
+    expect(result.selectedRoute).toBe('route-1')
+    expect(result.reasoning).toBe('Matched route 1')
+  })
+
+  it('should throw error when no routes are defined', async () => {
+    const inputs = {
+      context: 'Test context',
+      model: 'gpt-4o',
+      apiKey: 'test-api-key',
+      routes: '[]',
+    }
+
+    await expect(handler.execute(mockContext, mockRouterV2Block, inputs)).rejects.toThrow(
+      'No routes defined for router'
+    )
+  })
+
+  it('should handle fallback when JSON parsing fails', async () => {
+    const inputs = {
+      context: 'Test context',
+      model: 'gpt-4o',
+      apiKey: 'test-api-key',
+      routes: JSON.stringify([{ id: 'route-1', title: 'Route 1', value: 'Description' }]),
+    }
+
+    mockFetch.mockImplementationOnce(() => {
+      return Promise.resolve({
+        ok: true,
+        json: () =>
+          Promise.resolve({
+            content: 'route-1',
+            model: 'gpt-4o',
+            tokens: { input: 100, output: 5, total: 105 },
+          }),
+      })
+    })
+
+    const result = await handler.execute(mockContext, mockRouterV2Block, inputs)
+
+    expect(result.selectedRoute).toBe('route-1')
+    expect(result.reasoning).toBe('')
+  })
+})

apps/sim/executor/handlers/router/router-handler.ts

@@ -238,6 +238,25 @@ export class RouterBlockHandler implements BlockHandler {
         apiKey: finalApiKey,
         workflowId: ctx.workflowId,
         workspaceId: ctx.workspaceId,
+        responseFormat: {
+          name: 'router_response',
+          schema: {
+            type: 'object',
+            properties: {
+              route: {
+                type: 'string',
+                description: 'The selected route ID or NO_MATCH',
+              },
+              reasoning: {
+                type: 'string',
+                description: 'Brief explanation of why this route was chosen',
+              },
+            },
+            required: ['route', 'reasoning'],
+            additionalProperties: false,
+          },
+          strict: true,
+        },
       }
 
       if (providerId === 'vertex') {
@@ -277,16 +296,31 @@ export class RouterBlockHandler implements BlockHandler {
 
       const result = await response.json()
 
-      const chosenRouteId = result.content.trim()
+      let chosenRouteId: string
+      let reasoning = ''
+
+      try {
+        const parsedResponse = JSON.parse(result.content)
+        chosenRouteId = parsedResponse.route?.trim() || ''
+        reasoning = parsedResponse.reasoning || ''
+      } catch (_parseError) {
+        logger.error('Router response was not valid JSON despite responseFormat', {
+          content: result.content,
+        })
+        chosenRouteId = result.content.trim()
+      }
 
       if (chosenRouteId === 'NO_MATCH' || chosenRouteId.toUpperCase() === 'NO_MATCH') {
         logger.info('Router determined no route matches the context, routing to error path')
-        throw new Error('Router could not determine a matching route for the given context')
+        throw new Error(
+          reasoning
+            ? `Router could not determine a matching route: ${reasoning}`
+            : 'Router could not determine a matching route for the given context'
+        )
       }
 
       const chosenRoute = routes.find((r) => r.id === chosenRouteId)
 
-      // Throw error if LLM returns invalid route ID - this routes through error path
       if (!chosenRoute) {
         const availableRoutes = routes.map((r) => ({ id: r.id, title: r.title }))
         logger.error(
@@ -298,7 +332,6 @@ export class RouterBlockHandler implements BlockHandler {
         )
       }
 
-      // Find the target block connected to this route's handle
       const connection = ctx.workflow?.connections.find(
         (conn) => conn.source === block.id && conn.sourceHandle === `router-${chosenRoute.id}`
       )
@@ -334,6 +367,7 @@ export class RouterBlockHandler implements BlockHandler {
           total: cost.total,
         },
         selectedRoute: chosenRoute.id,
+        reasoning,
         selectedPath: targetBlock
           ? {
               blockId: targetBlock.id,
@@ -353,7 +387,7 @@ export class RouterBlockHandler implements BlockHandler {
   }
 
   /**
-   * Parse routes from input (can be JSON string or array).
+   * Parse routes from input (can be JSON string or array)
    */
   private parseRoutes(input: any): RouteDefinition[] {
     try {

apps/sim/executor/handlers/workflow/workflow-handler.test.ts

@@ -204,26 +204,21 @@ describe('WorkflowBlockHandler', () => {
       })
     })
 
-    it('should map failed child output correctly', () => {
+    it('should throw error for failed child output so BlockExecutor can check error port', () => {
       const childResult = {
         success: false,
         error: 'Child workflow failed',
       }
 
-      const result = (handler as any).mapChildOutputToParent(
-        childResult,
-        'child-id',
-        'Child Workflow',
-        100
-      )
+      expect(() =>
+        (handler as any).mapChildOutputToParent(childResult, 'child-id', 'Child Workflow', 100)
+      ).toThrow('Error in child workflow "Child Workflow": Child workflow failed')
 
-      expect(result).toEqual({
-        success: false,
-        childWorkflowName: 'Child Workflow',
-        result: {},
-        error: 'Child workflow failed',
-        childTraceSpans: [],
-      })
+      try {
+        ;(handler as any).mapChildOutputToParent(childResult, 'child-id', 'Child Workflow', 100)
+      } catch (error: any) {
+        expect(error.childTraceSpans).toEqual([])
+      }
     })
 
     it('should handle nested response structures', () => {