chore(backend): format video blocks and update poetry.lock

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

.branchlet.json

@@ -29,8 +29,7 @@
   "postCreateCmd": [
     "cd autogpt_platform/autogpt_libs && poetry install",
     "cd autogpt_platform/backend && poetry install && poetry run prisma generate",
-    "cd autogpt_platform/frontend && pnpm install",
-    "cd docs && pip install -r requirements.txt"
+    "cd autogpt_platform/frontend && pnpm install"
   ],
   "terminalCommand": "code .",
   "deleteBranchWithWorktree": false

.github/copilot-instructions.md

@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ pnpm storybook                      # Start component development server
 
 **Backend Entry Points:**
 
-- `backend/backend/server/server.py` - FastAPI application setup
+- `backend/backend/api/rest_api.py` - FastAPI application setup
 - `backend/backend/data/` - Database models and user management
 - `backend/blocks/` - Agent execution blocks and logic
 
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ Agents are built using a visual block-based system where each block performs a s
 
 ### API Development
 
-1. Update routes in `/backend/backend/server/routers/`
+1. Update routes in `/backend/backend/api/features/`
 2. Add/update Pydantic models in same directory
 3. Write tests alongside route files
 4. For `data/*.py` changes, validate user ID checks
@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ Agents are built using a visual block-based system where each block performs a s
 
 ### Security Guidelines
 
-**Cache Protection Middleware** (`/backend/backend/server/middleware/security.py`):
+**Cache Protection Middleware** (`/backend/backend/api/middleware/security.py`):
 
 - Default: Disables caching for ALL endpoints with `Cache-Control: no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, private`
 - Uses allow list approach for cacheable paths (static assets, health checks, public pages)

.gitignore

@@ -178,4 +178,5 @@ autogpt_platform/backend/settings.py
 *.ign.*
 .test-contents
 .claude/settings.local.json
+CLAUDE.local.md
 /autogpt_platform/backend/logs

AGENTS.md

@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ See `docs/content/platform/getting-started.md` for setup instructions.
 - Format Python code with `poetry run format`.
 - Format frontend code using `pnpm format`.
 
-
 ## Frontend guidelines:
 
 See `/frontend/CONTRIBUTING.md` for complete patterns. Quick reference:
@@ -33,14 +32,17 @@ See `/frontend/CONTRIBUTING.md` for complete patterns. Quick reference:
 4. **Styling**: Tailwind CSS only, use design tokens, Phosphor Icons only
 5. **Testing**: Add Storybook stories for new components, Playwright for E2E
 6. **Code conventions**: Function declarations (not arrow functions) for components/handlers
+
 - Component props should be `interface Props { ... }` (not exported) unless the interface needs to be used outside the component
 - Separate render logic from business logic (component.tsx + useComponent.ts + helpers.ts)
 - Colocate state when possible and avoid creating large components, use sub-components ( local `/components` folder next to the parent component ) when sensible
 - Avoid large hooks, abstract logic into `helpers.ts` files when sensible
 - Use function declarations for components, arrow functions only for callbacks
 - No barrel files or `index.ts` re-exports
-- Do not use `useCallback` or `useMemo` unless strictly needed
 - Avoid comments at all times unless the code is very complex
+- Do not use `useCallback` or `useMemo` unless asked to optimise a given function
+- Do not type hook returns, let Typescript infer as much as possible
+- Never type with `any`, if not types available use `unknown`
 
 ## Testing
 
@@ -49,22 +51,8 @@ See `/frontend/CONTRIBUTING.md` for complete patterns. Quick reference:
 
 Always run the relevant linters and tests before committing.
 Use conventional commit messages for all commits (e.g. `feat(backend): add API`).
-  Types:
-    - feat
-    - fix
-    - refactor
-    - ci
-    - dx (developer experience)
-  Scopes:
-    - platform
-      - platform/library
-      - platform/marketplace
-      - backend
-        - backend/executor
-      - frontend
-        - frontend/library
-        - frontend/marketplace
-      - blocks
+Types: - feat - fix - refactor - ci - dx (developer experience)
+Scopes: - platform - platform/library - platform/marketplace - backend - backend/executor - frontend - frontend/library - frontend/marketplace - blocks
 
 ## Pull requests
 

autogpt_platform/CLAUDE.md

@@ -6,152 +6,30 @@ This file provides guidance to Claude Code (claude.ai/code) when working with co
 
 AutoGPT Platform is a monorepo containing:
 
-- **Backend** (`/backend`): Python FastAPI server with async support
-- **Frontend** (`/frontend`): Next.js React application
-- **Shared Libraries** (`/autogpt_libs`): Common Python utilities
+- **Backend** (`backend`): Python FastAPI server with async support
+- **Frontend** (`frontend`): Next.js React application
+- **Shared Libraries** (`autogpt_libs`): Common Python utilities
 
-## Essential Commands
+## Component Documentation
 
-### Backend Development
+- **Backend**: See @backend/CLAUDE.md for backend-specific commands, architecture, and development tasks
+- **Frontend**: See @frontend/CLAUDE.md for frontend-specific commands, architecture, and development patterns
 
-```bash
-# Install dependencies
-cd backend && poetry install
-
-# Run database migrations
-poetry run prisma migrate dev
-
-# Start all services (database, redis, rabbitmq, clamav)
-docker compose up -d
-
-# Run the backend server
-poetry run serve
-
-# Run tests
-poetry run test
-
-# Run specific test
-poetry run pytest path/to/test_file.py::test_function_name
-
-# Run block tests (tests that validate all blocks work correctly)
-poetry run pytest backend/blocks/test/test_block.py -xvs
-
-# Run tests for a specific block (e.g., GetCurrentTimeBlock)
-poetry run pytest 'backend/blocks/test/test_block.py::test_available_blocks[GetCurrentTimeBlock]' -xvs
-
-# Lint and format
-# prefer format if you want to just "fix" it and only get the errors that can't be autofixed
-poetry run format  # Black + isort
-poetry run lint    # ruff
-```
-
-More details can be found in TESTING.md
-
-#### Creating/Updating Snapshots
-
-When you first write a test or when the expected output changes:
-
-```bash
-poetry run pytest path/to/test.py --snapshot-update
-```
-
-⚠️ **Important**: Always review snapshot changes before committing! Use `git diff` to verify the changes are expected.
-
-### Frontend Development
-
-```bash
-# Install dependencies
-cd frontend && pnpm i
-
-# Generate API client from OpenAPI spec
-pnpm generate:api
-
-# Start development server
-pnpm dev
-
-# Run E2E tests
-pnpm test
-
-# Run Storybook for component development
-pnpm storybook
-
-# Build production
-pnpm build
-
-# Format and lint
-pnpm format
-
-# Type checking
-pnpm types
-```
-
-**📖 Complete Guide**: See `/frontend/CONTRIBUTING.md` and `/frontend/.cursorrules` for comprehensive frontend patterns.
-
-**Key Frontend Conventions:**
-
-- Separate render logic from data/behavior in components
-- Use generated API hooks from `@/app/api/__generated__/endpoints/`
-- Use function declarations (not arrow functions) for components/handlers
-- Use design system components from `src/components/` (atoms, molecules, organisms)
-- Only use Phosphor Icons
-- Never use `src/components/__legacy__/*` or deprecated `BackendAPI`
-
-## Architecture Overview
-
-### Backend Architecture
-
-- **API Layer**: FastAPI with REST and WebSocket endpoints
-- **Database**: PostgreSQL with Prisma ORM, includes pgvector for embeddings
-- **Queue System**: RabbitMQ for async task processing
-- **Execution Engine**: Separate executor service processes agent workflows
-- **Authentication**: JWT-based with Supabase integration
-- **Security**: Cache protection middleware prevents sensitive data caching in browsers/proxies
-
-### Frontend Architecture
-
-- **Framework**: Next.js 15 App Router (client-first approach)
-- **Data Fetching**: Type-safe generated API hooks via Orval + React Query
-- **State Management**: React Query for server state, co-located UI state in components/hooks
-- **Component Structure**: Separate render logic (`.tsx`) from business logic (`use*.ts` hooks)
-- **Workflow Builder**: Visual graph editor using @xyflow/react
-- **UI Components**: shadcn/ui (Radix UI primitives) with Tailwind CSS styling
-- **Icons**: Phosphor Icons only
-- **Feature Flags**: LaunchDarkly integration
-- **Error Handling**: ErrorCard for render errors, toast for mutations, Sentry for exceptions
-- **Testing**: Playwright for E2E, Storybook for component development
-
-### Key Concepts
+## Key Concepts
 
 1. **Agent Graphs**: Workflow definitions stored as JSON, executed by the backend
-2. **Blocks**: Reusable components in `/backend/blocks/` that perform specific tasks
+2. **Blocks**: Reusable components in `backend/backend/blocks/` that perform specific tasks
 3. **Integrations**: OAuth and API connections stored per user
 4. **Store**: Marketplace for sharing agent templates
 5. **Virus Scanning**: ClamAV integration for file upload security
 
-### Testing Approach
-
-- Backend uses pytest with snapshot testing for API responses
-- Test files are colocated with source files (`*_test.py`)
-- Frontend uses Playwright for E2E tests
-- Component testing via Storybook
-
-### Database Schema
-
-Key models (defined in `/backend/schema.prisma`):
-
-- `User`: Authentication and profile data
-- `AgentGraph`: Workflow definitions with version control
-- `AgentGraphExecution`: Execution history and results
-- `AgentNode`: Individual nodes in a workflow
-- `StoreListing`: Marketplace listings for sharing agents
-
 ### Environment Configuration
 
 #### Configuration Files
 
-- **Backend**: `/backend/.env.default` (defaults) → `/backend/.env` (user overrides)
-- **Frontend**: `/frontend/.env.default` (defaults) → `/frontend/.env` (user overrides)
-- **Platform**: `/.env.default` (Supabase/shared defaults) → `/.env` (user overrides)
+- **Backend**: `backend/.env.default` (defaults) → `backend/.env` (user overrides)
+- **Frontend**: `frontend/.env.default` (defaults) → `frontend/.env` (user overrides)
+- **Platform**: `.env.default` (Supabase/shared defaults) → `.env` (user overrides)
 
 #### Docker Environment Loading Order
 
@@ -167,83 +45,12 @@ Key models (defined in `/backend/schema.prisma`):
 - Backend/Frontend services use YAML anchors for consistent configuration
 - Supabase services (`db/docker/docker-compose.yml`) follow the same pattern
 
-### Common Development Tasks
-
-**Adding a new block:**
-
-Follow the comprehensive [Block SDK Guide](../../../docs/content/platform/block-sdk-guide.md) which covers:
-
-- Provider configuration with `ProviderBuilder`
-- Block schema definition
-- Authentication (API keys, OAuth, webhooks)
-- Testing and validation
-- File organization
-
-Quick steps:
-
-1. Create new file in `/backend/backend/blocks/`
-2. Configure provider using `ProviderBuilder` in `_config.py`
-3. Inherit from `Block` base class
-4. Define input/output schemas using `BlockSchema`
-5. Implement async `run` method
-6. Generate unique block ID using `uuid.uuid4()`
-7. Test with `poetry run pytest backend/blocks/test/test_block.py`
-
-Note: when making many new blocks analyze the interfaces for each of these blocks and picture if they would go well together in a graph based editor or would they struggle to connect productively?
-ex: do the inputs and outputs tie well together?
-
-If you get any pushback or hit complex block conditions check the new_blocks guide in the docs.
-
-**Modifying the API:**
-
-1. Update route in `/backend/backend/server/routers/`
-2. Add/update Pydantic models in same directory
-3. Write tests alongside the route file
-4. Run `poetry run test` to verify
-
-### Frontend guidelines:
-
-See `/frontend/CONTRIBUTING.md` for complete patterns. Quick reference:
-
-1. **Pages**: Create in `src/app/(platform)/feature-name/page.tsx`
-   - Add `usePageName.ts` hook for logic
-   - Put sub-components in local `components/` folder
-2. **Components**: Structure as `ComponentName/ComponentName.tsx` + `useComponentName.ts` + `helpers.ts`
-   - Use design system components from `src/components/` (atoms, molecules, organisms)
-   - Never use `src/components/__legacy__/*`
-3. **Data fetching**: Use generated API hooks from `@/app/api/__generated__/endpoints/`
-   - Regenerate with `pnpm generate:api`
-   - Pattern: `use{Method}{Version}{OperationName}`
-4. **Styling**: Tailwind CSS only, use design tokens, Phosphor Icons only
-5. **Testing**: Add Storybook stories for new components, Playwright for E2E
-6. **Code conventions**: Function declarations (not arrow functions) for components/handlers
-- Component props should be `interface Props { ... }` (not exported) unless the interface needs to be used outside the component
-- Separate render logic from business logic (component.tsx + useComponent.ts + helpers.ts)
-- Colocate state when possible and avoid creating large components, use sub-components ( local `/components` folder next to the parent component ) when sensible
-- Avoid large hooks, abstract logic into `helpers.ts` files when sensible
-- Use function declarations for components, arrow functions only for callbacks
-- No barrel files or `index.ts` re-exports
-- Do not use `useCallback` or `useMemo` unless strictly needed
-- Avoid comments at all times unless the code is very complex
-
-### Security Implementation
-
-**Cache Protection Middleware:**
-
-- Located in `/backend/backend/server/middleware/security.py`
-- Default behavior: Disables caching for ALL endpoints with `Cache-Control: no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, private`
-- Uses an allow list approach - only explicitly permitted paths can be cached
-- Cacheable paths include: static assets (`/static/*`, `/_next/static/*`), health checks, public store pages, documentation
-- Prevents sensitive data (auth tokens, API keys, user data) from being cached by browsers/proxies
-- To allow caching for a new endpoint, add it to `CACHEABLE_PATHS` in the middleware
-- Applied to both main API server and external API applications
-
 ### Creating Pull Requests
 
-- Create the PR aginst the `dev` branch of the repository.
-- Ensure the branch name is descriptive (e.g., `feature/add-new-block`)/
-- Use conventional commit messages (see below)/
-- Fill out the .github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md template as the PR description/
+- Create the PR against the `dev` branch of the repository.
+- Ensure the branch name is descriptive (e.g., `feature/add-new-block`)
+- Use conventional commit messages (see below)
+- Fill out the .github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md template as the PR description
 - Run the github pre-commit hooks to ensure code quality.
 
 ### Reviewing/Revising Pull Requests

autogpt_platform/backend/.env.default

@@ -152,6 +152,7 @@ REPLICATE_API_KEY=
 REVID_API_KEY=
 SCREENSHOTONE_API_KEY=
 UNREAL_SPEECH_API_KEY=
+ELEVENLABS_API_KEY=
 
 # Data & Search Services
 E2B_API_KEY=

autogpt_platform/backend/CLAUDE.md

@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+# CLAUDE.md - Backend
+
+This file provides guidance to Claude Code when working with the backend.
+
+## Essential Commands
+
+To run something with Python package dependencies you MUST use `poetry run ...`.
+
+```bash
+# Install dependencies
+poetry install
+
+# Run database migrations
+poetry run prisma migrate dev
+
+# Start all services (database, redis, rabbitmq, clamav)
+docker compose up -d
+
+# Run the backend as a whole
+poetry run app
+
+# Run tests
+poetry run test
+
+# Run specific test
+poetry run pytest path/to/test_file.py::test_function_name
+
+# Run block tests (tests that validate all blocks work correctly)
+poetry run pytest backend/blocks/test/test_block.py -xvs
+
+# Run tests for a specific block (e.g., GetCurrentTimeBlock)
+poetry run pytest 'backend/blocks/test/test_block.py::test_available_blocks[GetCurrentTimeBlock]' -xvs
+
+# Lint and format
+# prefer format if you want to just "fix" it and only get the errors that can't be autofixed
+poetry run format  # Black + isort
+poetry run lint    # ruff
+```
+
+More details can be found in @TESTING.md
+
+### Creating/Updating Snapshots
+
+When you first write a test or when the expected output changes:
+
+```bash
+poetry run pytest path/to/test.py --snapshot-update
+```
+
+⚠️ **Important**: Always review snapshot changes before committing! Use `git diff` to verify the changes are expected.
+
+## Architecture
+
+- **API Layer**: FastAPI with REST and WebSocket endpoints
+- **Database**: PostgreSQL with Prisma ORM, includes pgvector for embeddings
+- **Queue System**: RabbitMQ for async task processing
+- **Execution Engine**: Separate executor service processes agent workflows
+- **Authentication**: JWT-based with Supabase integration
+- **Security**: Cache protection middleware prevents sensitive data caching in browsers/proxies
+
+## Testing Approach
+
+- Uses pytest with snapshot testing for API responses
+- Test files are colocated with source files (`*_test.py`)
+
+## Database Schema
+
+Key models (defined in `schema.prisma`):
+
+- `User`: Authentication and profile data
+- `AgentGraph`: Workflow definitions with version control
+- `AgentGraphExecution`: Execution history and results
+- `AgentNode`: Individual nodes in a workflow
+- `StoreListing`: Marketplace listings for sharing agents
+
+## Environment Configuration
+
+- **Backend**: `.env.default` (defaults) → `.env` (user overrides)
+
+## Common Development Tasks
+
+### Adding a new block
+
+Follow the comprehensive [Block SDK Guide](@../../docs/content/platform/block-sdk-guide.md) which covers:
+
+- Provider configuration with `ProviderBuilder`
+- Block schema definition
+- Authentication (API keys, OAuth, webhooks)
+- Testing and validation
+- File organization
+
+Quick steps:
+
+1. Create new file in `backend/blocks/`
+2. Configure provider using `ProviderBuilder` in `_config.py`
+3. Inherit from `Block` base class
+4. Define input/output schemas using `BlockSchema`
+5. Implement async `run` method
+6. Generate unique block ID using `uuid.uuid4()`
+7. Test with `poetry run pytest backend/blocks/test/test_block.py`
+
+Note: when making many new blocks analyze the interfaces for each of these blocks and picture if they would go well together in a graph-based editor or would they struggle to connect productively?
+ex: do the inputs and outputs tie well together?
+
+If you get any pushback or hit complex block conditions check the new_blocks guide in the docs.
+
+#### Handling files in blocks with `store_media_file()`
+
+When blocks need to work with files (images, videos, documents), use `store_media_file()` from `backend.util.file`. The `return_format` parameter determines what you get back:
+
+| Format | Use When | Returns |
+|--------|----------|---------|
+| `"for_local_processing"` | Processing with local tools (ffmpeg, MoviePy, PIL) | Local file path (e.g., `"image.png"`) |
+| `"for_external_api"` | Sending content to external APIs (Replicate, OpenAI) | Data URI (e.g., `"data:image/png;base64,..."`) |
+| `"for_block_output"` | Returning output from your block | Smart: `workspace://` in CoPilot, data URI in graphs |
+
+**Examples:**
+
+```python
+# INPUT: Need to process file locally with ffmpeg
+local_path = await store_media_file(
+    file=input_data.video,
+    execution_context=execution_context,
+    return_format="for_local_processing",
+)
+# local_path = "video.mp4" - use with Path/ffmpeg/etc
+
+# INPUT: Need to send to external API like Replicate
+image_b64 = await store_media_file(
+    file=input_data.image,
+    execution_context=execution_context,
+    return_format="for_external_api",
+)
+# image_b64 = "data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0..." - send to API
+
+# OUTPUT: Returning result from block
+result_url = await store_media_file(
+    file=generated_image_url,
+    execution_context=execution_context,
+    return_format="for_block_output",
+)
+yield "image_url", result_url
+# In CoPilot: result_url = "workspace://abc123"
+# In graphs:  result_url = "data:image/png;base64,..."
+```
+
+**Key points:**
+
+- `for_block_output` is the ONLY format that auto-adapts to execution context
+- Always use `for_block_output` for block outputs unless you have a specific reason not to
+- Never hardcode workspace checks - let `for_block_output` handle it
+
+### Modifying the API
+
+1. Update route in `backend/api/features/`
+2. Add/update Pydantic models in same directory
+3. Write tests alongside the route file
+4. Run `poetry run test` to verify
+
+## Security Implementation
+
+### Cache Protection Middleware
+
+- Located in `backend/api/middleware/security.py`
+- Default behavior: Disables caching for ALL endpoints with `Cache-Control: no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, private`
+- Uses an allow list approach - only explicitly permitted paths can be cached
+- Cacheable paths include: static assets (`static/*`, `_next/static/*`), health checks, public store pages, documentation
+- Prevents sensitive data (auth tokens, API keys, user data) from being cached by browsers/proxies
+- To allow caching for a new endpoint, add it to `CACHEABLE_PATHS` in the middleware
+- Applied to both main API server and external API applications

autogpt_platform/backend/Dockerfile

@@ -62,10 +62,11 @@ ENV POETRY_HOME=/opt/poetry \
     DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
 ENV PATH=/opt/poetry/bin:$PATH
 
-# Install Python without upgrading system-managed packages
+# Install Python and FFmpeg (required for video processing blocks)
 RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
     python3.13 \
     python3-pip \
+    ffmpeg \
     && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
 
 # Copy only necessary files from builder

autogpt_platform/backend/TESTING.md

@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ If the test doesn't need the `user_id` specifically, mocking is not necessary as
 
 #### Using Global Auth Fixtures
 
-Two global auth fixtures are provided by `backend/server/conftest.py`:
+Two global auth fixtures are provided by `backend/api/conftest.py`:
 
 - `mock_jwt_user` - Regular user with `test_user_id` ("test-user-id")
 - `mock_jwt_admin` - Admin user with `admin_user_id` ("admin-user-id")

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/api/features/builder/routes.py

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ router = fastapi.APIRouter(
 )
 
 
-# Taken from backend/server/v2/store/db.py
+# Taken from backend/api/features/store/db.py
 def sanitize_query(query: str | None) -> str | None:
     if query is None:
         return query

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/api/features/chat/tools/IDEAS.md

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+# CoPilot Tools - Future Ideas
+
+## Multimodal Image Support for CoPilot
+
+**Problem:** CoPilot uses a vision-capable model but can't "see" workspace images. When a block generates an image and returns `workspace://abc123`, CoPilot can't evaluate it (e.g., checking blog thumbnail quality).
+
+**Backend Solution:**
+When preparing messages for the LLM, detect `workspace://` image references and convert them to proper image content blocks:
+
+```python
+# Before sending to LLM, scan for workspace image references
+# and inject them as image content parts
+
+# Example message transformation:
+# FROM: {"role": "assistant", "content": "Generated image: workspace://abc123"}
+# TO:   {"role": "assistant", "content": [
+#         {"type": "text", "text": "Generated image: workspace://abc123"},
+#         {"type": "image_url", "image_url": {"url": "data:image/png;base64,..."}}
+#       ]}
+```
+
+**Where to implement:**
+- In the chat stream handler before calling the LLM
+- Or in a message preprocessing step
+- Need to fetch image from workspace, convert to base64, add as image content
+
+**Considerations:**
+- Only do this for image MIME types (image/png, image/jpeg, etc.)
+- May want a size limit (don't pass 10MB images)
+- Track which images were "shown" to the AI for frontend indicator
+- Cost implications - vision API calls are more expensive
+
+**Frontend Solution:**
+Show visual indicator on workspace files in chat:
+- If AI saw the image: normal display
+- If AI didn't see it: overlay icon saying "AI can't see this image"
+
+Requires response metadata indicating which `workspace://` refs were passed to the model.
+
+---
+
+## Output Post-Processing Layer for run_block
+
+**Problem:** Many blocks produce large outputs that:
+- Consume massive context (100KB base64 image = ~133KB tokens)
+- Can't fit in conversation
+- Break things and cause high LLM costs
+
+**Proposed Solution:** Instead of modifying individual blocks or `store_media_file()`, implement a centralized output processor in `run_block.py` that handles outputs before they're returned to CoPilot.
+
+**Benefits:**
+1. **Centralized** - one place to handle all output processing
+2. **Future-proof** - new blocks automatically get output processing
+3. **Keeps blocks pure** - they don't need to know about context constraints
+4. **Handles all large outputs** - not just images
+
+**Processing Rules:**
+- Detect base64 data URIs → save to workspace, return `workspace://` reference
+- Truncate very long strings (>N chars) with truncation note
+- Summarize large arrays/lists (e.g., "Array with 1000 items, first 5: [...]")
+- Handle nested large outputs in dicts recursively
+- Cap total output size
+
+**Implementation Location:** `run_block.py` after block execution, before returning `BlockOutputResponse`
+
+**Example:**
+```python
+def _process_outputs_for_context(
+    outputs: dict[str, list[Any]],
+    workspace_manager: WorkspaceManager,
+    max_string_length: int = 10000,
+    max_array_preview: int = 5,
+) -> dict[str, list[Any]]:
+    """Process block outputs to prevent context bloat."""
+    processed = {}
+    for name, values in outputs.items():
+        processed[name] = [_process_value(v, workspace_manager) for v in values]
+    return processed
+```

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/api/features/chat/tools/__init__.py

@@ -18,6 +18,12 @@ from .get_doc_page import GetDocPageTool
 from .run_agent import RunAgentTool
 from .run_block import RunBlockTool
 from .search_docs import SearchDocsTool
+from .workspace_files import (
+    DeleteWorkspaceFileTool,
+    ListWorkspaceFilesTool,
+    ReadWorkspaceFileTool,
+    WriteWorkspaceFileTool,
+)
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from backend.api.features.chat.response_model import StreamToolOutputAvailable
@@ -37,6 +43,11 @@ TOOL_REGISTRY: dict[str, BaseTool] = {
     "view_agent_output": AgentOutputTool(),
     "search_docs": SearchDocsTool(),
     "get_doc_page": GetDocPageTool(),
+    # Workspace tools for CoPilot file operations
+    "list_workspace_files": ListWorkspaceFilesTool(),
+    "read_workspace_file": ReadWorkspaceFileTool(),
+    "write_workspace_file": WriteWorkspaceFileTool(),
+    "delete_workspace_file": DeleteWorkspaceFileTool(),
 }
 
 # Export individual tool instances for backwards compatibility

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/api/features/chat/tools/agent_generator/__init__.py

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ from .core import (
     json_to_graph,
     save_agent_to_library,
 )
+from .errors import get_user_message_for_error
 from .service import health_check as check_external_service_health
 from .service import is_external_service_configured
 
@@ -25,4 +26,6 @@ __all__ = [
     # Service
     "is_external_service_configured",
     "check_external_service_health",
+    # Error handling
+    "get_user_message_for_error",
 ]

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/api/features/chat/tools/agent_generator/core.py

@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ async def generate_agent(instructions: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any] | None:
         instructions: Structured instructions from decompose_goal
 
     Returns:
-        Agent JSON dict or None on error
+        Agent JSON dict, error dict {"type": "error", ...}, or None on error
 
     Raises:
         AgentGeneratorNotConfiguredError: If the external service is not configured.
@@ -73,7 +73,10 @@ async def generate_agent(instructions: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any] | None:
     logger.info("Calling external Agent Generator service for generate_agent")
     result = await generate_agent_external(instructions)
     if result:
-        # Ensure required fields
+        # Check if it's an error response - pass through as-is
+        if isinstance(result, dict) and result.get("type") == "error":
+            return result
+        # Ensure required fields for successful agent generation
         if "id" not in result:
             result["id"] = str(uuid.uuid4())
         if "version" not in result:
@@ -267,7 +270,8 @@ async def generate_agent_patch(
         current_agent: Current agent JSON
 
     Returns:
-        Updated agent JSON, clarifying questions dict, or None on error
+        Updated agent JSON, clarifying questions dict {"type": "clarifying_questions", ...},
+        error dict {"type": "error", ...}, or None on unexpected error
 
     Raises:
         AgentGeneratorNotConfiguredError: If the external service is not configured.

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/api/features/chat/tools/agent_generator/errors.py

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+"""Error handling utilities for agent generator."""
+
+
+def get_user_message_for_error(
+    error_type: str,
+    operation: str = "process the request",
+    llm_parse_message: str | None = None,
+    validation_message: str | None = None,
+) -> str:
+    """Get a user-friendly error message based on error type.
+
+    This function maps internal error types to user-friendly messages,
+    providing a consistent experience across different agent operations.
+
+    Args:
+        error_type: The error type from the external service
+            (e.g., "llm_parse_error", "timeout", "rate_limit")
+        operation: Description of what operation failed, used in the default
+            message (e.g., "analyze the goal", "generate the agent")
+        llm_parse_message: Custom message for llm_parse_error type
+        validation_message: Custom message for validation_error type
+
+    Returns:
+        User-friendly error message suitable for display to the user
+    """
+    if error_type == "llm_parse_error":
+        return (
+            llm_parse_message
+            or "The AI had trouble processing this request. Please try again."
+        )
+    elif error_type == "validation_error":
+        return (
+            validation_message
+            or "The request failed validation. Please try rephrasing."
+        )
+    elif error_type == "patch_error":
+        return "Failed to apply the changes. Please try a different approach."
+    elif error_type in ("timeout", "llm_timeout"):
+        return "The request took too long. Please try again."
+    elif error_type in ("rate_limit", "llm_rate_limit"):
+        return "The service is currently busy. Please try again in a moment."
+    else:
+        return f"Failed to {operation}. Please try again."

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/api/features/chat/tools/agent_generator/service.py

@@ -14,6 +14,70 @@ from backend.util.settings import Settings
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
+
+def _create_error_response(
+    error_message: str,
+    error_type: str = "unknown",
+    details: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
+) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """Create a standardized error response dict.
+
+    Args:
+        error_message: Human-readable error message
+        error_type: Machine-readable error type
+        details: Optional additional error details
+
+    Returns:
+        Error dict with type="error" and error details
+    """
+    response: dict[str, Any] = {
+        "type": "error",
+        "error": error_message,
+        "error_type": error_type,
+    }
+    if details:
+        response["details"] = details
+    return response
+
+
+def _classify_http_error(e: httpx.HTTPStatusError) -> tuple[str, str]:
+    """Classify an HTTP error into error_type and message.
+
+    Args:
+        e: The HTTP status error
+
+    Returns:
+        Tuple of (error_type, error_message)
+    """
+    status = e.response.status_code
+    if status == 429:
+        return "rate_limit", f"Agent Generator rate limited: {e}"
+    elif status == 503:
+        return "service_unavailable", f"Agent Generator unavailable: {e}"
+    elif status == 504 or status == 408:
+        return "timeout", f"Agent Generator timed out: {e}"
+    else:
+        return "http_error", f"HTTP error calling Agent Generator: {e}"
+
+
+def _classify_request_error(e: httpx.RequestError) -> tuple[str, str]:
+    """Classify a request error into error_type and message.
+
+    Args:
+        e: The request error
+
+    Returns:
+        Tuple of (error_type, error_message)
+    """
+    error_str = str(e).lower()
+    if "timeout" in error_str or "timed out" in error_str:
+        return "timeout", f"Agent Generator request timed out: {e}"
+    elif "connect" in error_str:
+        return "connection_error", f"Could not connect to Agent Generator: {e}"
+    else:
+        return "request_error", f"Request error calling Agent Generator: {e}"
+
+
 _client: httpx.AsyncClient | None = None
 _settings: Settings | None = None
 
@@ -67,7 +131,8 @@ async def decompose_goal_external(
         - {"type": "instructions", "steps": [...]}
         - {"type": "unachievable_goal", ...}
         - {"type": "vague_goal", ...}
-        Or None on error
+        - {"type": "error", "error": "...", "error_type": "..."} on error
+        Or None on unexpected error
     """
     client = _get_client()
 
@@ -83,8 +148,13 @@ async def decompose_goal_external(
         data = response.json()
 
         if not data.get("success"):
-            logger.error(f"External service returned error: {data.get('error')}")
-            return None
+            error_msg = data.get("error", "Unknown error from Agent Generator")
+            error_type = data.get("error_type", "unknown")
+            logger.error(
+                f"Agent Generator decomposition failed: {error_msg} "
+                f"(type: {error_type})"
+            )
+            return _create_error_response(error_msg, error_type)
 
         # Map the response to the expected format
         response_type = data.get("type")
@@ -106,25 +176,37 @@ async def decompose_goal_external(
                 "type": "vague_goal",
                 "suggested_goal": data.get("suggested_goal"),
             }
+        elif response_type == "error":
+            # Pass through error from the service
+            return _create_error_response(
+                data.get("error", "Unknown error"),
+                data.get("error_type", "unknown"),
+            )
         else:
             logger.error(
                 f"Unknown response type from external service: {response_type}"
             )
-            return None
+            return _create_error_response(
+                f"Unknown response type from Agent Generator: {response_type}",
+                "invalid_response",
+            )
 
     except httpx.HTTPStatusError as e:
-        logger.error(f"HTTP error calling external agent generator: {e}")
-        return None
+        error_type, error_msg = _classify_http_error(e)
+        logger.error(error_msg)
+        return _create_error_response(error_msg, error_type)
     except httpx.RequestError as e:
-        logger.error(f"Request error calling external agent generator: {e}")
-        return None
+        error_type, error_msg = _classify_request_error(e)
+        logger.error(error_msg)
+        return _create_error_response(error_msg, error_type)
     except Exception as e:
-        logger.error(f"Unexpected error calling external agent generator: {e}")
-        return None
+        error_msg = f"Unexpected error calling Agent Generator: {e}"
+        logger.error(error_msg)
+        return _create_error_response(error_msg, "unexpected_error")
 
 
 async def generate_agent_external(
-    instructions: dict[str, Any]
+    instructions: dict[str, Any],
 ) -> dict[str, Any] | None:
     """Call the external service to generate an agent from instructions.
 
@@ -132,7 +214,7 @@ async def generate_agent_external(
         instructions: Structured instructions from decompose_goal
 
     Returns:
-        Agent JSON dict or None on error
+        Agent JSON dict on success, or error dict {"type": "error", ...} on error
     """
     client = _get_client()
 
@@ -144,20 +226,28 @@ async def generate_agent_external(
         data = response.json()
 
         if not data.get("success"):
-            logger.error(f"External service returned error: {data.get('error')}")
-            return None
+            error_msg = data.get("error", "Unknown error from Agent Generator")
+            error_type = data.get("error_type", "unknown")
+            logger.error(
+                f"Agent Generator generation failed: {error_msg} "
+                f"(type: {error_type})"
+            )
+            return _create_error_response(error_msg, error_type)
 
         return data.get("agent_json")
 
     except httpx.HTTPStatusError as e:
-        logger.error(f"HTTP error calling external agent generator: {e}")
-        return None
+        error_type, error_msg = _classify_http_error(e)
+        logger.error(error_msg)
+        return _create_error_response(error_msg, error_type)
     except httpx.RequestError as e:
-        logger.error(f"Request error calling external agent generator: {e}")
-        return None
+        error_type, error_msg = _classify_request_error(e)
+        logger.error(error_msg)
+        return _create_error_response(error_msg, error_type)
     except Exception as e:
-        logger.error(f"Unexpected error calling external agent generator: {e}")
-        return None
+        error_msg = f"Unexpected error calling Agent Generator: {e}"
+        logger.error(error_msg)
+        return _create_error_response(error_msg, "unexpected_error")
 
 
 async def generate_agent_patch_external(
@@ -170,7 +260,7 @@ async def generate_agent_patch_external(
         current_agent: Current agent JSON
 
     Returns:
-        Updated agent JSON, clarifying questions dict, or None on error
+        Updated agent JSON, clarifying questions dict, or error dict on error
     """
     client = _get_client()
 
@@ -186,8 +276,13 @@ async def generate_agent_patch_external(
         data = response.json()
 
         if not data.get("success"):
-            logger.error(f"External service returned error: {data.get('error')}")
-            return None
+            error_msg = data.get("error", "Unknown error from Agent Generator")
+            error_type = data.get("error_type", "unknown")
+            logger.error(
+                f"Agent Generator patch generation failed: {error_msg} "
+                f"(type: {error_type})"
+            )
+            return _create_error_response(error_msg, error_type)
 
         # Check if it's clarifying questions
         if data.get("type") == "clarifying_questions":
@@ -196,18 +291,28 @@ async def generate_agent_patch_external(
                 "questions": data.get("questions", []),
             }
 
+        # Check if it's an error passed through
+        if data.get("type") == "error":
+            return _create_error_response(
+                data.get("error", "Unknown error"),
+                data.get("error_type", "unknown"),
+            )
+
         # Otherwise return the updated agent JSON
         return data.get("agent_json")
 
     except httpx.HTTPStatusError as e:
-        logger.error(f"HTTP error calling external agent generator: {e}")
-        return None
+        error_type, error_msg = _classify_http_error(e)
+        logger.error(error_msg)
+        return _create_error_response(error_msg, error_type)
     except httpx.RequestError as e:
-        logger.error(f"Request error calling external agent generator: {e}")
-        return None
+        error_type, error_msg = _classify_request_error(e)
+        logger.error(error_msg)
+        return _create_error_response(error_msg, error_type)
     except Exception as e:
-        logger.error(f"Unexpected error calling external agent generator: {e}")
-        return None
+        error_msg = f"Unexpected error calling Agent Generator: {e}"
+        logger.error(error_msg)
+        return _create_error_response(error_msg, "unexpected_error")
 
 
 async def get_blocks_external() -> list[dict[str, Any]] | None:

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/api/features/chat/tools/create_agent.py

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ from .agent_generator import (
     AgentGeneratorNotConfiguredError,
     decompose_goal,
     generate_agent,
+    get_user_message_for_error,
     save_agent_to_library,
 )
 from .base import BaseTool
@@ -117,11 +118,29 @@ class CreateAgentTool(BaseTool):
 
         if decomposition_result is None:
             return ErrorResponse(
-                message="Failed to analyze the goal. The agent generation service may be unavailable or timed out. Please try again.",
+                message="Failed to analyze the goal. The agent generation service may be unavailable. Please try again.",
                 error="decomposition_failed",
+                details={"description": description[:100]},
+                session_id=session_id,
+            )
+
+        # Check if the result is an error from the external service
+        if decomposition_result.get("type") == "error":
+            error_msg = decomposition_result.get("error", "Unknown error")
+            error_type = decomposition_result.get("error_type", "unknown")
+            user_message = get_user_message_for_error(
+                error_type,
+                operation="analyze the goal",
+                llm_parse_message="The AI had trouble understanding this request. Please try rephrasing your goal.",
+            )
+            return ErrorResponse(
+                message=user_message,
+                error=f"decomposition_failed:{error_type}",
                 details={
-                    "description": description[:100]
-                },  # Include context for debugging
+                    "description": description[:100],
+                    "service_error": error_msg,
+                    "error_type": error_type,
+                },
                 session_id=session_id,
             )
 
@@ -186,11 +205,30 @@ class CreateAgentTool(BaseTool):
 
         if agent_json is None:
             return ErrorResponse(
-                message="Failed to generate the agent. The agent generation service may be unavailable or timed out. Please try again.",
+                message="Failed to generate the agent. The agent generation service may be unavailable. Please try again.",
                 error="generation_failed",
+                details={"description": description[:100]},
+                session_id=session_id,
+            )
+
+        # Check if the result is an error from the external service
+        if isinstance(agent_json, dict) and agent_json.get("type") == "error":
+            error_msg = agent_json.get("error", "Unknown error")
+            error_type = agent_json.get("error_type", "unknown")
+            user_message = get_user_message_for_error(
+                error_type,
+                operation="generate the agent",
+                llm_parse_message="The AI had trouble generating the agent. Please try again or simplify your goal.",
+                validation_message="The generated agent failed validation. Please try rephrasing your goal.",
+            )
+            return ErrorResponse(
+                message=user_message,
+                error=f"generation_failed:{error_type}",
                 details={
-                    "description": description[:100]
-                },  # Include context for debugging
+                    "description": description[:100],
+                    "service_error": error_msg,
+                    "error_type": error_type,
+                },
                 session_id=session_id,
             )
 

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/api/features/chat/tools/edit_agent.py

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ from .agent_generator import (
     AgentGeneratorNotConfiguredError,
     generate_agent_patch,
     get_agent_as_json,
+    get_user_message_for_error,
     save_agent_to_library,
 )
 from .base import BaseTool
@@ -152,6 +153,28 @@ class EditAgentTool(BaseTool):
                 session_id=session_id,
             )
 
+        # Check if the result is an error from the external service
+        if isinstance(result, dict) and result.get("type") == "error":
+            error_msg = result.get("error", "Unknown error")
+            error_type = result.get("error_type", "unknown")
+            user_message = get_user_message_for_error(
+                error_type,
+                operation="generate the changes",
+                llm_parse_message="The AI had trouble generating the changes. Please try again or simplify your request.",
+                validation_message="The generated changes failed validation. Please try rephrasing your request.",
+            )
+            return ErrorResponse(
+                message=user_message,
+                error=f"update_generation_failed:{error_type}",
+                details={
+                    "agent_id": agent_id,
+                    "changes": changes[:100],
+                    "service_error": error_msg,
+                    "error_type": error_type,
+                },
+                session_id=session_id,
+            )
+
         # Check if LLM returned clarifying questions
         if result.get("type") == "clarifying_questions":
             questions = result.get("questions", [])

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/api/features/chat/tools/models.py

@@ -28,6 +28,12 @@ class ResponseType(str, Enum):
     BLOCK_OUTPUT = "block_output"
     DOC_SEARCH_RESULTS = "doc_search_results"
     DOC_PAGE = "doc_page"
+    # Workspace response types
+    WORKSPACE_FILE_LIST = "workspace_file_list"
+    WORKSPACE_FILE_CONTENT = "workspace_file_content"
+    WORKSPACE_FILE_METADATA = "workspace_file_metadata"
+    WORKSPACE_FILE_WRITTEN = "workspace_file_written"
+    WORKSPACE_FILE_DELETED = "workspace_file_deleted"
     # Long-running operation types
     OPERATION_STARTED = "operation_started"
     OPERATION_PENDING = "operation_pending"

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/api/features/chat/tools/run_block.py

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 """Tool for executing blocks directly."""
 
 import logging
+import uuid
 from collections import defaultdict
 from typing import Any
 
@@ -8,6 +9,7 @@ from backend.api.features.chat.model import ChatSession
 from backend.data.block import get_block
 from backend.data.execution import ExecutionContext
 from backend.data.model import CredentialsMetaInput
+from backend.data.workspace import get_or_create_workspace
 from backend.integrations.creds_manager import IntegrationCredentialsManager
 from backend.util.exceptions import BlockError
 
@@ -223,11 +225,48 @@ class RunBlockTool(BaseTool):
             )
 
         try:
-            # Fetch actual credentials and prepare kwargs for block execution
-            # Create execution context with defaults (blocks may require it)
+            # Get or create user's workspace for CoPilot file operations
+            workspace = await get_or_create_workspace(user_id)
+
+            # Generate synthetic IDs for CoPilot context
+            # Each chat session is treated as its own agent with one continuous run
+            # This means:
+            # - graph_id (agent) = session (memories scoped to session when limit_to_agent=True)
+            # - graph_exec_id (run) = session (memories scoped to session when limit_to_run=True)
+            # - node_exec_id = unique per block execution
+            synthetic_graph_id = f"copilot-session-{session.session_id}"
+            synthetic_graph_exec_id = f"copilot-session-{session.session_id}"
+            synthetic_node_id = f"copilot-node-{block_id}"
+            synthetic_node_exec_id = (
+                f"copilot-{session.session_id}-{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}"
+            )
+
+            # Create unified execution context with all required fields
+            execution_context = ExecutionContext(
+                # Execution identity
+                user_id=user_id,
+                graph_id=synthetic_graph_id,
+                graph_exec_id=synthetic_graph_exec_id,
+                graph_version=1,  # Versions are 1-indexed
+                node_id=synthetic_node_id,
+                node_exec_id=synthetic_node_exec_id,
+                # Workspace with session scoping
+                workspace_id=workspace.id,
+                session_id=session.session_id,
+            )
+
+            # Prepare kwargs for block execution
+            # Keep individual kwargs for backwards compatibility with existing blocks
             exec_kwargs: dict[str, Any] = {
                 "user_id": user_id,
-                "execution_context": ExecutionContext(),
+                "execution_context": execution_context,
+                # Legacy: individual kwargs for blocks not yet using execution_context
+                "workspace_id": workspace.id,
+                "graph_exec_id": synthetic_graph_exec_id,
+                "node_exec_id": synthetic_node_exec_id,
+                "node_id": synthetic_node_id,
+                "graph_version": 1,  # Versions are 1-indexed
+                "graph_id": synthetic_graph_id,
             }
 
             for field_name, cred_meta in matched_credentials.items():

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/api/features/chat/tools/workspace_files.py

@@ -0,0 +1,620 @@
+"""CoPilot tools for workspace file operations."""
+
+import base64
+import logging
+from typing import Any, Optional
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+from backend.api.features.chat.model import ChatSession
+from backend.data.workspace import get_or_create_workspace
+from backend.util.settings import Config
+from backend.util.virus_scanner import scan_content_safe
+from backend.util.workspace import WorkspaceManager
+
+from .base import BaseTool
+from .models import ErrorResponse, ResponseType, ToolResponseBase
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class WorkspaceFileInfoData(BaseModel):
+    """Data model for workspace file information (not a response itself)."""
+
+    file_id: str
+    name: str
+    path: str
+    mime_type: str
+    size_bytes: int
+
+
+class WorkspaceFileListResponse(ToolResponseBase):
+    """Response containing list of workspace files."""
+
+    type: ResponseType = ResponseType.WORKSPACE_FILE_LIST
+    files: list[WorkspaceFileInfoData]
+    total_count: int
+
+
+class WorkspaceFileContentResponse(ToolResponseBase):
+    """Response containing workspace file content (legacy, for small text files)."""
+
+    type: ResponseType = ResponseType.WORKSPACE_FILE_CONTENT
+    file_id: str
+    name: str
+    path: str
+    mime_type: str
+    content_base64: str
+
+
+class WorkspaceFileMetadataResponse(ToolResponseBase):
+    """Response containing workspace file metadata and download URL (prevents context bloat)."""
+
+    type: ResponseType = ResponseType.WORKSPACE_FILE_METADATA
+    file_id: str
+    name: str
+    path: str
+    mime_type: str
+    size_bytes: int
+    download_url: str
+    preview: str | None = None  # First 500 chars for text files
+
+
+class WorkspaceWriteResponse(ToolResponseBase):
+    """Response after writing a file to workspace."""
+
+    type: ResponseType = ResponseType.WORKSPACE_FILE_WRITTEN
+    file_id: str
+    name: str
+    path: str
+    size_bytes: int
+
+
+class WorkspaceDeleteResponse(ToolResponseBase):
+    """Response after deleting a file from workspace."""
+
+    type: ResponseType = ResponseType.WORKSPACE_FILE_DELETED
+    file_id: str
+    success: bool
+
+
+class ListWorkspaceFilesTool(BaseTool):
+    """Tool for listing files in user's workspace."""
+
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> str:
+        return "list_workspace_files"
+
+    @property
+    def description(self) -> str:
+        return (
+            "List files in the user's workspace. "
+            "Returns file names, paths, sizes, and metadata. "
+            "Optionally filter by path prefix."
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def parameters(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        return {
+            "type": "object",
+            "properties": {
+                "path_prefix": {
+                    "type": "string",
+                    "description": (
+                        "Optional path prefix to filter files "
+                        "(e.g., '/documents/' to list only files in documents folder). "
+                        "By default, only files from the current session are listed."
+                    ),
+                },
+                "limit": {
+                    "type": "integer",
+                    "description": "Maximum number of files to return (default 50, max 100)",
+                    "minimum": 1,
+                    "maximum": 100,
+                },
+                "include_all_sessions": {
+                    "type": "boolean",
+                    "description": (
+                        "If true, list files from all sessions. "
+                        "Default is false (only current session's files)."
+                    ),
+                },
+            },
+            "required": [],
+        }
+
+    @property
+    def requires_auth(self) -> bool:
+        return True
+
+    async def _execute(
+        self,
+        user_id: str | None,
+        session: ChatSession,
+        **kwargs,
+    ) -> ToolResponseBase:
+        session_id = session.session_id
+
+        if not user_id:
+            return ErrorResponse(
+                message="Authentication required",
+                session_id=session_id,
+            )
+
+        path_prefix: Optional[str] = kwargs.get("path_prefix")
+        limit = min(kwargs.get("limit", 50), 100)
+        include_all_sessions: bool = kwargs.get("include_all_sessions", False)
+
+        try:
+            workspace = await get_or_create_workspace(user_id)
+            # Pass session_id for session-scoped file access
+            manager = WorkspaceManager(user_id, workspace.id, session_id)
+
+            files = await manager.list_files(
+                path=path_prefix,
+                limit=limit,
+                include_all_sessions=include_all_sessions,
+            )
+            total = await manager.get_file_count(
+                path=path_prefix,
+                include_all_sessions=include_all_sessions,
+            )
+
+            file_infos = [
+                WorkspaceFileInfoData(
+                    file_id=f.id,
+                    name=f.name,
+                    path=f.path,
+                    mime_type=f.mimeType,
+                    size_bytes=f.sizeBytes,
+                )
+                for f in files
+            ]
+
+            scope_msg = "all sessions" if include_all_sessions else "current session"
+            return WorkspaceFileListResponse(
+                files=file_infos,
+                total_count=total,
+                message=f"Found {len(files)} files in workspace ({scope_msg})",
+                session_id=session_id,
+            )
+
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"Error listing workspace files: {e}", exc_info=True)
+            return ErrorResponse(
+                message=f"Failed to list workspace files: {str(e)}",
+                error=str(e),
+                session_id=session_id,
+            )
+
+
+class ReadWorkspaceFileTool(BaseTool):
+    """Tool for reading file content from workspace."""
+
+    # Size threshold for returning full content vs metadata+URL
+    # Files larger than this return metadata with download URL to prevent context bloat
+    MAX_INLINE_SIZE_BYTES = 32 * 1024  # 32KB
+    # Preview size for text files
+    PREVIEW_SIZE = 500
+
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> str:
+        return "read_workspace_file"
+
+    @property
+    def description(self) -> str:
+        return (
+            "Read a file from the user's workspace. "
+            "Specify either file_id or path to identify the file. "
+            "For small text files, returns content directly. "
+            "For large or binary files, returns metadata and a download URL. "
+            "Paths are scoped to the current session by default. "
+            "Use /sessions/<session_id>/... for cross-session access."
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def parameters(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        return {
+            "type": "object",
+            "properties": {
+                "file_id": {
+                    "type": "string",
+                    "description": "The file's unique ID (from list_workspace_files)",
+                },
+                "path": {
+                    "type": "string",
+                    "description": (
+                        "The virtual file path (e.g., '/documents/report.pdf'). "
+                        "Scoped to current session by default."
+                    ),
+                },
+                "force_download_url": {
+                    "type": "boolean",
+                    "description": (
+                        "If true, always return metadata+URL instead of inline content. "
+                        "Default is false (auto-selects based on file size/type)."
+                    ),
+                },
+            },
+            "required": [],  # At least one must be provided
+        }
+
+    @property
+    def requires_auth(self) -> bool:
+        return True
+
+    def _is_text_mime_type(self, mime_type: str) -> bool:
+        """Check if the MIME type is a text-based type."""
+        text_types = [
+            "text/",
+            "application/json",
+            "application/xml",
+            "application/javascript",
+            "application/x-python",
+            "application/x-sh",
+        ]
+        return any(mime_type.startswith(t) for t in text_types)
+
+    async def _execute(
+        self,
+        user_id: str | None,
+        session: ChatSession,
+        **kwargs,
+    ) -> ToolResponseBase:
+        session_id = session.session_id
+
+        if not user_id:
+            return ErrorResponse(
+                message="Authentication required",
+                session_id=session_id,
+            )
+
+        file_id: Optional[str] = kwargs.get("file_id")
+        path: Optional[str] = kwargs.get("path")
+        force_download_url: bool = kwargs.get("force_download_url", False)
+
+        if not file_id and not path:
+            return ErrorResponse(
+                message="Please provide either file_id or path",
+                session_id=session_id,
+            )
+
+        try:
+            workspace = await get_or_create_workspace(user_id)
+            # Pass session_id for session-scoped file access
+            manager = WorkspaceManager(user_id, workspace.id, session_id)
+
+            # Get file info
+            if file_id:
+                file_info = await manager.get_file_info(file_id)
+                if file_info is None:
+                    return ErrorResponse(
+                        message=f"File not found: {file_id}",
+                        session_id=session_id,
+                    )
+                target_file_id = file_id
+            else:
+                # path is guaranteed to be non-None here due to the check above
+                assert path is not None
+                file_info = await manager.get_file_info_by_path(path)
+                if file_info is None:
+                    return ErrorResponse(
+                        message=f"File not found at path: {path}",
+                        session_id=session_id,
+                    )
+                target_file_id = file_info.id
+
+            # Decide whether to return inline content or metadata+URL
+            is_small_file = file_info.sizeBytes <= self.MAX_INLINE_SIZE_BYTES
+            is_text_file = self._is_text_mime_type(file_info.mimeType)
+
+            # Return inline content for small text files (unless force_download_url)
+            if is_small_file and is_text_file and not force_download_url:
+                content = await manager.read_file_by_id(target_file_id)
+                content_b64 = base64.b64encode(content).decode("utf-8")
+
+                return WorkspaceFileContentResponse(
+                    file_id=file_info.id,
+                    name=file_info.name,
+                    path=file_info.path,
+                    mime_type=file_info.mimeType,
+                    content_base64=content_b64,
+                    message=f"Successfully read file: {file_info.name}",
+                    session_id=session_id,
+                )
+
+            # Return metadata + workspace:// reference for large or binary files
+            # This prevents context bloat (100KB file = ~133KB as base64)
+            # Use workspace:// format so frontend urlTransform can add proxy prefix
+            download_url = f"workspace://{target_file_id}"
+
+            # Generate preview for text files
+            preview: str | None = None
+            if is_text_file:
+                try:
+                    content = await manager.read_file_by_id(target_file_id)
+                    preview_text = content[: self.PREVIEW_SIZE].decode(
+                        "utf-8", errors="replace"
+                    )
+                    if len(content) > self.PREVIEW_SIZE:
+                        preview_text += "..."
+                    preview = preview_text
+                except Exception:
+                    pass  # Preview is optional
+
+            return WorkspaceFileMetadataResponse(
+                file_id=file_info.id,
+                name=file_info.name,
+                path=file_info.path,
+                mime_type=file_info.mimeType,
+                size_bytes=file_info.sizeBytes,
+                download_url=download_url,
+                preview=preview,
+                message=f"File: {file_info.name} ({file_info.sizeBytes} bytes). Use download_url to retrieve content.",
+                session_id=session_id,
+            )
+
+        except FileNotFoundError as e:
+            return ErrorResponse(
+                message=str(e),
+                session_id=session_id,
+            )
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"Error reading workspace file: {e}", exc_info=True)
+            return ErrorResponse(
+                message=f"Failed to read workspace file: {str(e)}",
+                error=str(e),
+                session_id=session_id,
+            )
+
+
+class WriteWorkspaceFileTool(BaseTool):
+    """Tool for writing files to workspace."""
+
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> str:
+        return "write_workspace_file"
+
+    @property
+    def description(self) -> str:
+        return (
+            "Write or create a file in the user's workspace. "
+            "Provide the content as a base64-encoded string. "
+            f"Maximum file size is {Config().max_file_size_mb}MB. "
+            "Files are saved to the current session's folder by default. "
+            "Use /sessions/<session_id>/... for cross-session access."
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def parameters(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        return {
+            "type": "object",
+            "properties": {
+                "filename": {
+                    "type": "string",
+                    "description": "Name for the file (e.g., 'report.pdf')",
+                },
+                "content_base64": {
+                    "type": "string",
+                    "description": "Base64-encoded file content",
+                },
+                "path": {
+                    "type": "string",
+                    "description": (
+                        "Optional virtual path where to save the file "
+                        "(e.g., '/documents/report.pdf'). "
+                        "Defaults to '/{filename}'. Scoped to current session."
+                    ),
+                },
+                "mime_type": {
+                    "type": "string",
+                    "description": (
+                        "Optional MIME type of the file. "
+                        "Auto-detected from filename if not provided."
+                    ),
+                },
+                "overwrite": {
+                    "type": "boolean",
+                    "description": "Whether to overwrite if file exists at path (default: false)",
+                },
+            },
+            "required": ["filename", "content_base64"],
+        }
+
+    @property
+    def requires_auth(self) -> bool:
+        return True
+
+    async def _execute(
+        self,
+        user_id: str | None,
+        session: ChatSession,
+        **kwargs,
+    ) -> ToolResponseBase:
+        session_id = session.session_id
+
+        if not user_id:
+            return ErrorResponse(
+                message="Authentication required",
+                session_id=session_id,
+            )
+
+        filename: str = kwargs.get("filename", "")
+        content_b64: str = kwargs.get("content_base64", "")
+        path: Optional[str] = kwargs.get("path")
+        mime_type: Optional[str] = kwargs.get("mime_type")
+        overwrite: bool = kwargs.get("overwrite", False)
+
+        if not filename:
+            return ErrorResponse(
+                message="Please provide a filename",
+                session_id=session_id,
+            )
+
+        if not content_b64:
+            return ErrorResponse(
+                message="Please provide content_base64",
+                session_id=session_id,
+            )
+
+        # Decode content
+        try:
+            content = base64.b64decode(content_b64)
+        except Exception:
+            return ErrorResponse(
+                message="Invalid base64-encoded content",
+                session_id=session_id,
+            )
+
+        # Check size
+        max_file_size = Config().max_file_size_mb * 1024 * 1024
+        if len(content) > max_file_size:
+            return ErrorResponse(
+                message=f"File too large. Maximum size is {Config().max_file_size_mb}MB",
+                session_id=session_id,
+            )
+
+        try:
+            # Virus scan
+            await scan_content_safe(content, filename=filename)
+
+            workspace = await get_or_create_workspace(user_id)
+            # Pass session_id for session-scoped file access
+            manager = WorkspaceManager(user_id, workspace.id, session_id)
+
+            file_record = await manager.write_file(
+                content=content,
+                filename=filename,
+                path=path,
+                mime_type=mime_type,
+                overwrite=overwrite,
+            )
+
+            return WorkspaceWriteResponse(
+                file_id=file_record.id,
+                name=file_record.name,
+                path=file_record.path,
+                size_bytes=file_record.sizeBytes,
+                message=f"Successfully wrote file: {file_record.name}",
+                session_id=session_id,
+            )
+
+        except ValueError as e:
+            return ErrorResponse(
+                message=str(e),
+                session_id=session_id,
+            )
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"Error writing workspace file: {e}", exc_info=True)
+            return ErrorResponse(
+                message=f"Failed to write workspace file: {str(e)}",
+                error=str(e),
+                session_id=session_id,
+            )
+
+
+class DeleteWorkspaceFileTool(BaseTool):
+    """Tool for deleting files from workspace."""
+
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> str:
+        return "delete_workspace_file"
+
+    @property
+    def description(self) -> str:
+        return (
+            "Delete a file from the user's workspace. "
+            "Specify either file_id or path to identify the file. "
+            "Paths are scoped to the current session by default. "
+            "Use /sessions/<session_id>/... for cross-session access."
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def parameters(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        return {
+            "type": "object",
+            "properties": {
+                "file_id": {
+                    "type": "string",
+                    "description": "The file's unique ID (from list_workspace_files)",
+                },
+                "path": {
+                    "type": "string",
+                    "description": (
+                        "The virtual file path (e.g., '/documents/report.pdf'). "
+                        "Scoped to current session by default."
+                    ),
+                },
+            },
+            "required": [],  # At least one must be provided
+        }
+
+    @property
+    def requires_auth(self) -> bool:
+        return True
+
+    async def _execute(
+        self,
+        user_id: str | None,
+        session: ChatSession,
+        **kwargs,
+    ) -> ToolResponseBase:
+        session_id = session.session_id
+
+        if not user_id:
+            return ErrorResponse(
+                message="Authentication required",
+                session_id=session_id,
+            )
+
+        file_id: Optional[str] = kwargs.get("file_id")
+        path: Optional[str] = kwargs.get("path")
+
+        if not file_id and not path:
+            return ErrorResponse(
+                message="Please provide either file_id or path",
+                session_id=session_id,
+            )
+
+        try:
+            workspace = await get_or_create_workspace(user_id)
+            # Pass session_id for session-scoped file access
+            manager = WorkspaceManager(user_id, workspace.id, session_id)
+
+            # Determine the file_id to delete
+            target_file_id: str
+            if file_id:
+                target_file_id = file_id
+            else:
+                # path is guaranteed to be non-None here due to the check above
+                assert path is not None
+                file_info = await manager.get_file_info_by_path(path)
+                if file_info is None:
+                    return ErrorResponse(
+                        message=f"File not found at path: {path}",
+                        session_id=session_id,
+                    )
+                target_file_id = file_info.id
+
+            success = await manager.delete_file(target_file_id)
+
+            if not success:
+                return ErrorResponse(
+                    message=f"File not found: {target_file_id}",
+                    session_id=session_id,
+                )
+
+            return WorkspaceDeleteResponse(
+                file_id=target_file_id,
+                success=True,
+                message="File deleted successfully",
+                session_id=session_id,
+            )
+
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"Error deleting workspace file: {e}", exc_info=True)
+            return ErrorResponse(
+                message=f"Failed to delete workspace file: {str(e)}",
+                error=str(e),
+                session_id=session_id,
+            )

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/api/features/workspace/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+# Workspace API feature module

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/api/features/workspace/routes.py

@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+"""
+Workspace API routes for managing user file storage.
+"""
+
+import logging
+import re
+from typing import Annotated
+from urllib.parse import quote
+
+import fastapi
+from autogpt_libs.auth.dependencies import get_user_id, requires_user
+from fastapi.responses import Response
+
+from backend.data.workspace import get_workspace, get_workspace_file
+from backend.util.workspace_storage import get_workspace_storage
+
+
+def _sanitize_filename_for_header(filename: str) -> str:
+    """
+    Sanitize filename for Content-Disposition header to prevent header injection.
+
+    Removes/replaces characters that could break the header or inject new headers.
+    Uses RFC5987 encoding for non-ASCII characters.
+    """
+    # Remove CR, LF, and null bytes (header injection prevention)
+    sanitized = re.sub(r"[\r\n\x00]", "", filename)
+    # Escape quotes
+    sanitized = sanitized.replace('"', '\\"')
+    # For non-ASCII, use RFC5987 filename* parameter
+    # Check if filename has non-ASCII characters
+    try:
+        sanitized.encode("ascii")
+        return f'attachment; filename="{sanitized}"'
+    except UnicodeEncodeError:
+        # Use RFC5987 encoding for UTF-8 filenames
+        encoded = quote(sanitized, safe="")
+        return f"attachment; filename*=UTF-8''{encoded}"
+
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+router = fastapi.APIRouter(
+    dependencies=[fastapi.Security(requires_user)],
+)
+
+
+def _create_streaming_response(content: bytes, file) -> Response:
+    """Create a streaming response for file content."""
+    return Response(
+        content=content,
+        media_type=file.mimeType,
+        headers={
+            "Content-Disposition": _sanitize_filename_for_header(file.name),
+            "Content-Length": str(len(content)),
+        },
+    )
+
+
+async def _create_file_download_response(file) -> Response:
+    """
+    Create a download response for a workspace file.
+
+    Handles both local storage (direct streaming) and GCS (signed URL redirect
+    with fallback to streaming).
+    """
+    storage = await get_workspace_storage()
+
+    # For local storage, stream the file directly
+    if file.storagePath.startswith("local://"):
+        content = await storage.retrieve(file.storagePath)
+        return _create_streaming_response(content, file)
+
+    # For GCS, try to redirect to signed URL, fall back to streaming
+    try:
+        url = await storage.get_download_url(file.storagePath, expires_in=300)
+        # If we got back an API path (fallback), stream directly instead
+        if url.startswith("/api/"):
+            content = await storage.retrieve(file.storagePath)
+            return _create_streaming_response(content, file)
+        return fastapi.responses.RedirectResponse(url=url, status_code=302)
+    except Exception as e:
+        # Log the signed URL failure with context
+        logger.error(
+            f"Failed to get signed URL for file {file.id} "
+            f"(storagePath={file.storagePath}): {e}",
+            exc_info=True,
+        )
+        # Fall back to streaming directly from GCS
+        try:
+            content = await storage.retrieve(file.storagePath)
+            return _create_streaming_response(content, file)
+        except Exception as fallback_error:
+            logger.error(
+                f"Fallback streaming also failed for file {file.id} "
+                f"(storagePath={file.storagePath}): {fallback_error}",
+                exc_info=True,
+            )
+            raise
+
+
+@router.get(
+    "/files/{file_id}/download",
+    summary="Download file by ID",
+)
+async def download_file(
+    user_id: Annotated[str, fastapi.Security(get_user_id)],
+    file_id: str,
+) -> Response:
+    """
+    Download a file by its ID.
+
+    Returns the file content directly or redirects to a signed URL for GCS.
+    """
+    workspace = await get_workspace(user_id)
+    if workspace is None:
+        raise fastapi.HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Workspace not found")
+
+    file = await get_workspace_file(file_id, workspace.id)
+    if file is None:
+        raise fastapi.HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="File not found")
+
+    return await _create_file_download_response(file)

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/api/rest_api.py

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ import backend.api.features.postmark.postmark
 import backend.api.features.store.model
 import backend.api.features.store.routes
 import backend.api.features.v1
+import backend.api.features.workspace.routes as workspace_routes
 import backend.data.block
 import backend.data.db
 import backend.data.graph
@@ -52,6 +53,7 @@ from backend.util.exceptions import (
 )
 from backend.util.feature_flag import initialize_launchdarkly, shutdown_launchdarkly
 from backend.util.service import UnhealthyServiceError
+from backend.util.workspace_storage import shutdown_workspace_storage
 
 from .external.fastapi_app import external_api
 from .features.analytics import router as analytics_router
@@ -124,6 +126,11 @@ async def lifespan_context(app: fastapi.FastAPI):
     except Exception as e:
         logger.warning(f"Error shutting down cloud storage handler: {e}")
 
+    try:
+        await shutdown_workspace_storage()
+    except Exception as e:
+        logger.warning(f"Error shutting down workspace storage: {e}")
+
     await backend.data.db.disconnect()
 
 
@@ -315,6 +322,11 @@ app.include_router(
     tags=["v2", "chat"],
     prefix="/api/chat",
 )
+app.include_router(
+    workspace_routes.router,
+    tags=["workspace"],
+    prefix="/api/workspace",
+)
 app.include_router(
     backend.api.features.oauth.router,
     tags=["oauth"],

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/blocks/ai_image_customizer.py

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ from backend.data.block import (
     BlockSchemaInput,
     BlockSchemaOutput,
 )
+from backend.data.execution import ExecutionContext
 from backend.data.model import (
     APIKeyCredentials,
     CredentialsField,
@@ -117,11 +118,13 @@ class AIImageCustomizerBlock(Block):
                 "credentials": TEST_CREDENTIALS_INPUT,
             },
             test_output=[
-                ("image_url", "https://replicate.delivery/generated-image.jpg"),
+                # Output will be a workspace ref or data URI depending on context
+                ("image_url", lambda x: x.startswith(("workspace://", "data:"))),
             ],
             test_mock={
+                # Use data URI to avoid HTTP requests during tests
                 "run_model": lambda *args, **kwargs: MediaFileType(
-                    "https://replicate.delivery/generated-image.jpg"
+                    "data:image/jpeg;base64,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"
                 ),
             },
             test_credentials=TEST_CREDENTIALS,
@@ -132,8 +135,7 @@ class AIImageCustomizerBlock(Block):
         input_data: Input,
         *,
         credentials: APIKeyCredentials,
-        graph_exec_id: str,
-        user_id: str,
+        execution_context: ExecutionContext,
         **kwargs,
     ) -> BlockOutput:
         try:
@@ -141,10 +143,9 @@ class AIImageCustomizerBlock(Block):
             processed_images = await asyncio.gather(
                 *(
                     store_media_file(
-                        graph_exec_id=graph_exec_id,
                         file=img,
-                        user_id=user_id,
-                        return_content=True,
+                        execution_context=execution_context,
+                        return_format="for_external_api",  # Get content for Replicate API
                     )
                     for img in input_data.images
                 )
@@ -158,7 +159,14 @@ class AIImageCustomizerBlock(Block):
                 aspect_ratio=input_data.aspect_ratio.value,
                 output_format=input_data.output_format.value,
             )
-            yield "image_url", result
+
+            # Store the generated image to the user's workspace for persistence
+            stored_url = await store_media_file(
+                file=result,
+                execution_context=execution_context,
+                return_format="for_block_output",
+            )
+            yield "image_url", stored_url
         except Exception as e:
             yield "error", str(e)
 

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/blocks/ai_image_generator_block.py

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ from replicate.client import Client as ReplicateClient
 from replicate.helpers import FileOutput
 
 from backend.data.block import Block, BlockCategory, BlockSchemaInput, BlockSchemaOutput
+from backend.data.execution import ExecutionContext
 from backend.data.model import (
     APIKeyCredentials,
     CredentialsField,
@@ -13,6 +14,8 @@ from backend.data.model import (
     SchemaField,
 )
 from backend.integrations.providers import ProviderName
+from backend.util.file import store_media_file
+from backend.util.type import MediaFileType
 
 
 class ImageSize(str, Enum):
@@ -165,11 +168,13 @@ class AIImageGeneratorBlock(Block):
             test_output=[
                 (
                     "image_url",
-                    "https://replicate.delivery/generated-image.webp",
+                    # Test output is a data URI since we now store images
+                    lambda x: x.startswith("data:image/"),
                 ),
             ],
             test_mock={
-                "_run_client": lambda *args, **kwargs: "https://replicate.delivery/generated-image.webp"
+                # Return a data URI directly so store_media_file doesn't need to download
+                "_run_client": lambda *args, **kwargs: "data:image/webp;base64,UklGRiQAAABXRUJQVlA4IBgAAAAwAQCdASoBAAEAAQAcJYgCdAEO"
             },
         )
 
@@ -318,11 +323,24 @@ class AIImageGeneratorBlock(Block):
         style_text = style_map.get(style, "")
         return f"{style_text} of" if style_text else ""
 
-    async def run(self, input_data: Input, *, credentials: APIKeyCredentials, **kwargs):
+    async def run(
+        self,
+        input_data: Input,
+        *,
+        credentials: APIKeyCredentials,
+        execution_context: ExecutionContext,
+        **kwargs,
+    ):
         try:
             url = await self.generate_image(input_data, credentials)
             if url:
-                yield "image_url", url
+                # Store the generated image to the user's workspace/execution folder
+                stored_url = await store_media_file(
+                    file=MediaFileType(url),
+                    execution_context=execution_context,
+                    return_format="for_block_output",
+                )
+                yield "image_url", stored_url
             else:
                 yield "error", "Image generation returned an empty result."
         except Exception as e:

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/blocks/ai_shortform_video_block.py

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ from backend.data.block import (
     BlockSchemaInput,
     BlockSchemaOutput,
 )
+from backend.data.execution import ExecutionContext
 from backend.data.model import (
     APIKeyCredentials,
     CredentialsField,
@@ -21,7 +22,9 @@ from backend.data.model import (
 )
 from backend.integrations.providers import ProviderName
 from backend.util.exceptions import BlockExecutionError
+from backend.util.file import store_media_file
 from backend.util.request import Requests
+from backend.util.type import MediaFileType
 
 TEST_CREDENTIALS = APIKeyCredentials(
     id="01234567-89ab-cdef-0123-456789abcdef",
@@ -271,7 +274,10 @@ class AIShortformVideoCreatorBlock(Block):
                 "voice": Voice.LILY,
                 "video_style": VisualMediaType.STOCK_VIDEOS,
             },
-            test_output=("video_url", "https://example.com/video.mp4"),
+            test_output=(
+                "video_url",
+                lambda x: x.startswith(("workspace://", "data:")),
+            ),
             test_mock={
                 "create_webhook": lambda *args, **kwargs: (
                     "test_uuid",
@@ -280,15 +286,21 @@ class AIShortformVideoCreatorBlock(Block):
                 "create_video": lambda *args, **kwargs: {"pid": "test_pid"},
                 "check_video_status": lambda *args, **kwargs: {
                     "status": "ready",
-                    "videoUrl": "https://example.com/video.mp4",
+                    "videoUrl": "data:video/mp4;base64,AAAA",
                 },
-                "wait_for_video": lambda *args, **kwargs: "https://example.com/video.mp4",
+                # Use data URI to avoid HTTP requests during tests
+                "wait_for_video": lambda *args, **kwargs: "data:video/mp4;base64,AAAA",
             },
             test_credentials=TEST_CREDENTIALS,
         )
 
     async def run(
-        self, input_data: Input, *, credentials: APIKeyCredentials, **kwargs
+        self,
+        input_data: Input,
+        *,
+        credentials: APIKeyCredentials,
+        execution_context: ExecutionContext,
+        **kwargs,
     ) -> BlockOutput:
         # Create a new Webhook.site URL
         webhook_token, webhook_url = await self.create_webhook()
@@ -340,7 +352,13 @@ class AIShortformVideoCreatorBlock(Block):
             )
             video_url = await self.wait_for_video(credentials.api_key, pid)
             logger.debug(f"Video ready: {video_url}")
-            yield "video_url", video_url
+            # Store the generated video to the user's workspace for persistence
+            stored_url = await store_media_file(
+                file=MediaFileType(video_url),
+                execution_context=execution_context,
+                return_format="for_block_output",
+            )
+            yield "video_url", stored_url
 
 
 class AIAdMakerVideoCreatorBlock(Block):
@@ -447,7 +465,10 @@ class AIAdMakerVideoCreatorBlock(Block):
                     "https://cdn.revid.ai/uploads/1747076315114-image.png",
                 ],
             },
-            test_output=("video_url", "https://example.com/ad.mp4"),
+            test_output=(
+                "video_url",
+                lambda x: x.startswith(("workspace://", "data:")),
+            ),
             test_mock={
                 "create_webhook": lambda *args, **kwargs: (
                     "test_uuid",
@@ -456,14 +477,21 @@ class AIAdMakerVideoCreatorBlock(Block):
                 "create_video": lambda *args, **kwargs: {"pid": "test_pid"},
                 "check_video_status": lambda *args, **kwargs: {
                     "status": "ready",
-                    "videoUrl": "https://example.com/ad.mp4",
+                    "videoUrl": "data:video/mp4;base64,AAAA",
                 },
-                "wait_for_video": lambda *args, **kwargs: "https://example.com/ad.mp4",
+                "wait_for_video": lambda *args, **kwargs: "data:video/mp4;base64,AAAA",
             },
             test_credentials=TEST_CREDENTIALS,
         )
 
-    async def run(self, input_data: Input, *, credentials: APIKeyCredentials, **kwargs):
+    async def run(
+        self,
+        input_data: Input,
+        *,
+        credentials: APIKeyCredentials,
+        execution_context: ExecutionContext,
+        **kwargs,
+    ):
         webhook_token, webhook_url = await self.create_webhook()
 
         payload = {
@@ -531,7 +559,13 @@ class AIAdMakerVideoCreatorBlock(Block):
             raise RuntimeError("Failed to create video: No project ID returned")
 
         video_url = await self.wait_for_video(credentials.api_key, pid)
-        yield "video_url", video_url
+        # Store the generated video to the user's workspace for persistence
+        stored_url = await store_media_file(
+            file=MediaFileType(video_url),
+            execution_context=execution_context,
+            return_format="for_block_output",
+        )
+        yield "video_url", stored_url
 
 
 class AIScreenshotToVideoAdBlock(Block):
@@ -626,7 +660,10 @@ class AIScreenshotToVideoAdBlock(Block):
                 "script": "Amazing numbers!",
                 "screenshot_url": "https://cdn.revid.ai/uploads/1747080376028-image.png",
             },
-            test_output=("video_url", "https://example.com/screenshot.mp4"),
+            test_output=(
+                "video_url",
+                lambda x: x.startswith(("workspace://", "data:")),
+            ),
             test_mock={
                 "create_webhook": lambda *args, **kwargs: (
                     "test_uuid",
@@ -635,14 +672,21 @@ class AIScreenshotToVideoAdBlock(Block):
                 "create_video": lambda *args, **kwargs: {"pid": "test_pid"},
                 "check_video_status": lambda *args, **kwargs: {
                     "status": "ready",
-                    "videoUrl": "https://example.com/screenshot.mp4",
+                    "videoUrl": "data:video/mp4;base64,AAAA",
                 },
-                "wait_for_video": lambda *args, **kwargs: "https://example.com/screenshot.mp4",
+                "wait_for_video": lambda *args, **kwargs: "data:video/mp4;base64,AAAA",
             },
             test_credentials=TEST_CREDENTIALS,
         )
 
-    async def run(self, input_data: Input, *, credentials: APIKeyCredentials, **kwargs):
+    async def run(
+        self,
+        input_data: Input,
+        *,
+        credentials: APIKeyCredentials,
+        execution_context: ExecutionContext,
+        **kwargs,
+    ):
         webhook_token, webhook_url = await self.create_webhook()
 
         payload = {
@@ -710,4 +754,10 @@ class AIScreenshotToVideoAdBlock(Block):
             raise RuntimeError("Failed to create video: No project ID returned")
 
         video_url = await self.wait_for_video(credentials.api_key, pid)
-        yield "video_url", video_url
+        # Store the generated video to the user's workspace for persistence
+        stored_url = await store_media_file(
+            file=MediaFileType(video_url),
+            execution_context=execution_context,
+            return_format="for_block_output",
+        )
+        yield "video_url", stored_url

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/blocks/bannerbear/text_overlay.py

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ if TYPE_CHECKING:
 
 from pydantic import SecretStr
 
+from backend.data.execution import ExecutionContext
 from backend.sdk import (
     APIKeyCredentials,
     Block,
@@ -17,6 +18,8 @@ from backend.sdk import (
     Requests,
     SchemaField,
 )
+from backend.util.file import store_media_file
+from backend.util.type import MediaFileType
 
 from ._config import bannerbear
 
@@ -135,15 +138,17 @@ class BannerbearTextOverlayBlock(Block):
             },
             test_output=[
                 ("success", True),
-                ("image_url", "https://cdn.bannerbear.com/test-image.jpg"),
+                # Output will be a workspace ref or data URI depending on context
+                ("image_url", lambda x: x.startswith(("workspace://", "data:"))),
                 ("uid", "test-uid-123"),
                 ("status", "completed"),
             ],
             test_mock={
+                # Use data URI to avoid HTTP requests during tests
                 "_make_api_request": lambda *args, **kwargs: {
                     "uid": "test-uid-123",
                     "status": "completed",
-                    "image_url": "https://cdn.bannerbear.com/test-image.jpg",
+                    "image_url": "data:image/jpeg;base64,/9j/4AAQSkZJRgABAQAAAQABAAD/2wBDAAgGBgcGBQgHBwcJCQgKDBQNDAsLDBkSEw8UHRofHh0aHBwgJC4nICIsIxwcKDcpLDAxNDQ0Hyc5PTgyPC4zNDL/wAALCAABAAEBAREA/8QAHwAAAQUBAQEBAQEAAAAAAAAAAAECAwQFBgcICQoL/8QAtRAAAgEDAwIEAwUFBAQAAAF9AQIDAAQRBRIhMUEGE1FhByJxFDKBkaEII0KxwRVS0fAkM2JyggkKFhcYGRolJicoKSo0NTY3ODk6Q0RFRkdISUpTVFVWV1hZWmNkZWZnaGlqc3R1dnd4eXqDhIWGh4iJipKTlJWWl5iZmqKjpKWmp6ipqrKztLW2t7i5usLDxMXGx8jJytLT1NXW19jZ2uHi4+Tl5ufo6erx8vP09fb3+Pn6/9oACAEBAAA/APn+v//Z",
                 }
             },
             test_credentials=TEST_CREDENTIALS,
@@ -177,7 +182,12 @@ class BannerbearTextOverlayBlock(Block):
             raise Exception(error_msg)
 
     async def run(
-        self, input_data: Input, *, credentials: APIKeyCredentials, **kwargs
+        self,
+        input_data: Input,
+        *,
+        credentials: APIKeyCredentials,
+        execution_context: ExecutionContext,
+        **kwargs,
     ) -> BlockOutput:
         # Build the modifications array
         modifications = []
@@ -234,6 +244,18 @@ class BannerbearTextOverlayBlock(Block):
 
         # Synchronous request - image should be ready
         yield "success", True
-        yield "image_url", data.get("image_url", "")
+
+        # Store the generated image to workspace for persistence
+        image_url = data.get("image_url", "")
+        if image_url:
+            stored_url = await store_media_file(
+                file=MediaFileType(image_url),
+                execution_context=execution_context,
+                return_format="for_block_output",
+            )
+            yield "image_url", stored_url
+        else:
+            yield "image_url", ""
+
         yield "uid", data.get("uid", "")
         yield "status", data.get("status", "completed")

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/blocks/basic.py

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ from backend.data.block import (
     BlockSchemaOutput,
     BlockType,
 )
+from backend.data.execution import ExecutionContext
 from backend.data.model import SchemaField
 from backend.util.file import store_media_file
 from backend.util.type import MediaFileType, convert
@@ -17,10 +18,10 @@ from backend.util.type import MediaFileType, convert
 class FileStoreBlock(Block):
     class Input(BlockSchemaInput):
         file_in: MediaFileType = SchemaField(
-            description="The file to store in the temporary directory, it can be a URL, data URI, or local path."
+            description="The file to download and store. Can be a URL (https://...), data URI, or local path."
         )
         base_64: bool = SchemaField(
-            description="Whether produce an output in base64 format (not recommended, you can pass the string path just fine accross blocks).",
+            description="Whether to produce output in base64 format (not recommended, you can pass the file reference across blocks).",
             default=False,
             advanced=True,
             title="Produce Base64 Output",
@@ -28,13 +29,18 @@ class FileStoreBlock(Block):
 
     class Output(BlockSchemaOutput):
         file_out: MediaFileType = SchemaField(
-            description="The relative path to the stored file in the temporary directory."
+            description="Reference to the stored file. In CoPilot: workspace:// URI (visible in list_workspace_files). In graphs: data URI for passing to other blocks."
         )
 
     def __init__(self):
         super().__init__(
             id="cbb50872-625b-42f0-8203-a2ae78242d8a",
-            description="Stores the input file in the temporary directory.",
+            description=(
+                "Downloads and stores a file from a URL, data URI, or local path. "
+                "Use this to fetch images, documents, or other files for processing. "
+                "In CoPilot: saves to workspace (use list_workspace_files to see it). "
+                "In graphs: outputs a data URI to pass to other blocks."
+            ),
             categories={BlockCategory.BASIC, BlockCategory.MULTIMEDIA},
             input_schema=FileStoreBlock.Input,
             output_schema=FileStoreBlock.Output,
@@ -45,15 +51,18 @@ class FileStoreBlock(Block):
         self,
         input_data: Input,
         *,
-        graph_exec_id: str,
-        user_id: str,
+        execution_context: ExecutionContext,
         **kwargs,
     ) -> BlockOutput:
+        # Determine return format based on user preference
+        # for_external_api: always returns data URI (base64) - honors "Produce Base64 Output"
+        # for_block_output: smart format - workspace:// in CoPilot, data URI in graphs
+        return_format = "for_external_api" if input_data.base_64 else "for_block_output"
+
         yield "file_out", await store_media_file(
-            graph_exec_id=graph_exec_id,
             file=input_data.file_in,
-            user_id=user_id,
-            return_content=input_data.base_64,
+            execution_context=execution_context,
+            return_format=return_format,
         )
 
 

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/blocks/discord/bot_blocks.py

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ from backend.data.block import (
     BlockSchemaInput,
     BlockSchemaOutput,
 )
+from backend.data.execution import ExecutionContext
 from backend.data.model import APIKeyCredentials, SchemaField
 from backend.util.file import store_media_file
 from backend.util.request import Requests
@@ -666,8 +667,7 @@ class SendDiscordFileBlock(Block):
         file: MediaFileType,
         filename: str,
         message_content: str,
-        graph_exec_id: str,
-        user_id: str,
+        execution_context: ExecutionContext,
     ) -> dict:
         intents = discord.Intents.default()
         intents.guilds = True
@@ -731,10 +731,9 @@ class SendDiscordFileBlock(Block):
                     # Local file path - read from stored media file
                     # This would be a path from a previous block's output
                     stored_file = await store_media_file(
-                        graph_exec_id=graph_exec_id,
                         file=file,
-                        user_id=user_id,
-                        return_content=True,  # Get as data URI
+                        execution_context=execution_context,
+                        return_format="for_external_api",  # Get content to send to Discord
                     )
                     # Now process as data URI
                     header, encoded = stored_file.split(",", 1)
@@ -781,8 +780,7 @@ class SendDiscordFileBlock(Block):
         input_data: Input,
         *,
         credentials: APIKeyCredentials,
-        graph_exec_id: str,
-        user_id: str,
+        execution_context: ExecutionContext,
         **kwargs,
     ) -> BlockOutput:
         try:
@@ -793,8 +791,7 @@ class SendDiscordFileBlock(Block):
                 file=input_data.file,
                 filename=input_data.filename,
                 message_content=input_data.message_content,
-                graph_exec_id=graph_exec_id,
-                user_id=user_id,
+                execution_context=execution_context,
             )
 
             yield "status", result.get("status", "Unknown error")

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/blocks/elevenlabs/_auth.py

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+"""ElevenLabs integration blocks - test credentials and shared utilities."""
+
+from typing import Literal
+
+from pydantic import SecretStr
+
+from backend.data.model import APIKeyCredentials, CredentialsMetaInput
+from backend.integrations.providers import ProviderName
+
+TEST_CREDENTIALS = APIKeyCredentials(
+    id="01234567-89ab-cdef-0123-456789abcdef",
+    provider="elevenlabs",
+    api_key=SecretStr("mock-elevenlabs-api-key"),
+    title="Mock ElevenLabs API key",
+    expires_at=None,
+)
+
+TEST_CREDENTIALS_INPUT = {
+    "provider": TEST_CREDENTIALS.provider,
+    "id": TEST_CREDENTIALS.id,
+    "type": TEST_CREDENTIALS.type,
+    "title": TEST_CREDENTIALS.title,
+}
+
+ElevenLabsCredentials = APIKeyCredentials
+ElevenLabsCredentialsInput = CredentialsMetaInput[
+    Literal[ProviderName.ELEVENLABS], Literal["api_key"]
+]

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/blocks/fal/ai_video_generator.py

@@ -17,8 +17,11 @@ from backend.data.block import (
     BlockSchemaInput,
     BlockSchemaOutput,
 )
+from backend.data.execution import ExecutionContext
 from backend.data.model import SchemaField
+from backend.util.file import store_media_file
 from backend.util.request import ClientResponseError, Requests
+from backend.util.type import MediaFileType
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -64,9 +67,13 @@ class AIVideoGeneratorBlock(Block):
                 "credentials": TEST_CREDENTIALS_INPUT,
             },
             test_credentials=TEST_CREDENTIALS,
-            test_output=[("video_url", "https://fal.media/files/example/video.mp4")],
+            test_output=[
+                # Output will be a workspace ref or data URI depending on context
+                ("video_url", lambda x: x.startswith(("workspace://", "data:"))),
+            ],
             test_mock={
-                "generate_video": lambda *args, **kwargs: "https://fal.media/files/example/video.mp4"
+                # Use data URI to avoid HTTP requests during tests
+                "generate_video": lambda *args, **kwargs: "data:video/mp4;base64,AAAA"
             },
         )
 
@@ -208,11 +215,22 @@ class AIVideoGeneratorBlock(Block):
             raise RuntimeError(f"API request failed: {str(e)}")
 
     async def run(
-        self, input_data: Input, *, credentials: FalCredentials, **kwargs
+        self,
+        input_data: Input,
+        *,
+        credentials: FalCredentials,
+        execution_context: ExecutionContext,
+        **kwargs,
     ) -> BlockOutput:
         try:
             video_url = await self.generate_video(input_data, credentials)
-            yield "video_url", video_url
+            # Store the generated video to the user's workspace for persistence
+            stored_url = await store_media_file(
+                file=MediaFileType(video_url),
+                execution_context=execution_context,
+                return_format="for_block_output",
+            )
+            yield "video_url", stored_url
         except Exception as e:
             error_message = str(e)
             yield "error", error_message

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/blocks/flux_kontext.py

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ from backend.data.block import (
     BlockSchemaInput,
     BlockSchemaOutput,
 )
+from backend.data.execution import ExecutionContext
 from backend.data.model import (
     APIKeyCredentials,
     CredentialsField,
@@ -121,10 +122,12 @@ class AIImageEditorBlock(Block):
                 "credentials": TEST_CREDENTIALS_INPUT,
             },
             test_output=[
-                ("output_image", "https://replicate.com/output/edited-image.png"),
+                # Output will be a workspace ref or data URI depending on context
+                ("output_image", lambda x: x.startswith(("workspace://", "data:"))),
             ],
             test_mock={
-                "run_model": lambda *args, **kwargs: "https://replicate.com/output/edited-image.png",
+                # Use data URI to avoid HTTP requests during tests
+                "run_model": lambda *args, **kwargs: "data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAADUlEQVR42mNk+M9QDwADhgGAWjR9awAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==",
             },
             test_credentials=TEST_CREDENTIALS,
         )
@@ -134,8 +137,7 @@ class AIImageEditorBlock(Block):
         input_data: Input,
         *,
         credentials: APIKeyCredentials,
-        graph_exec_id: str,
-        user_id: str,
+        execution_context: ExecutionContext,
         **kwargs,
     ) -> BlockOutput:
         result = await self.run_model(
@@ -144,20 +146,25 @@ class AIImageEditorBlock(Block):
             prompt=input_data.prompt,
             input_image_b64=(
                 await store_media_file(
-                    graph_exec_id=graph_exec_id,
                     file=input_data.input_image,
-                    user_id=user_id,
-                    return_content=True,
+                    execution_context=execution_context,
+                    return_format="for_external_api",  # Get content for Replicate API
                 )
                 if input_data.input_image
                 else None
             ),
             aspect_ratio=input_data.aspect_ratio.value,
             seed=input_data.seed,
-            user_id=user_id,
-            graph_exec_id=graph_exec_id,
+            user_id=execution_context.user_id or "",
+            graph_exec_id=execution_context.graph_exec_id or "",
         )
-        yield "output_image", result
+        # Store the generated image to the user's workspace for persistence
+        stored_url = await store_media_file(
+            file=result,
+            execution_context=execution_context,
+            return_format="for_block_output",
+        )
+        yield "output_image", stored_url
 
     async def run_model(
         self,

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/blocks/google/gmail.py

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ from backend.data.block import (
     BlockSchemaInput,
     BlockSchemaOutput,
 )
+from backend.data.execution import ExecutionContext
 from backend.data.model import SchemaField
 from backend.util.file import MediaFileType, get_exec_file_path, store_media_file
 from backend.util.settings import Settings
@@ -95,8 +96,7 @@ def _make_mime_text(
 
 async def create_mime_message(
     input_data,
-    graph_exec_id: str,
-    user_id: str,
+    execution_context: ExecutionContext,
 ) -> str:
     """Create a MIME message with attachments and return base64-encoded raw message."""
 
@@ -117,12 +117,12 @@ async def create_mime_message(
     if input_data.attachments:
         for attach in input_data.attachments:
             local_path = await store_media_file(
-                user_id=user_id,
-                graph_exec_id=graph_exec_id,
                 file=attach,
-                return_content=False,
+                execution_context=execution_context,
+                return_format="for_local_processing",
             )
-            abs_path = get_exec_file_path(graph_exec_id, local_path)
+            assert execution_context.graph_exec_id  # Validated by store_media_file
+            abs_path = get_exec_file_path(execution_context.graph_exec_id, local_path)
             part = MIMEBase("application", "octet-stream")
             with open(abs_path, "rb") as f:
                 part.set_payload(f.read())
@@ -582,27 +582,25 @@ class GmailSendBlock(GmailBase):
         input_data: Input,
         *,
         credentials: GoogleCredentials,
-        graph_exec_id: str,
-        user_id: str,
+        execution_context: ExecutionContext,
         **kwargs,
     ) -> BlockOutput:
         service = self._build_service(credentials, **kwargs)
         result = await self._send_email(
             service,
             input_data,
-            graph_exec_id,
-            user_id,
+            execution_context,
         )
         yield "result", result
 
     async def _send_email(
-        self, service, input_data: Input, graph_exec_id: str, user_id: str
+        self, service, input_data: Input, execution_context: ExecutionContext
     ) -> dict:
         if not input_data.to or not input_data.subject or not input_data.body:
             raise ValueError(
                 "At least one recipient, subject, and body are required for sending an email"
             )
-        raw_message = await create_mime_message(input_data, graph_exec_id, user_id)
+        raw_message = await create_mime_message(input_data, execution_context)
         sent_message = await asyncio.to_thread(
             lambda: service.users()
             .messages()
@@ -692,30 +690,28 @@ class GmailCreateDraftBlock(GmailBase):
         input_data: Input,
         *,
         credentials: GoogleCredentials,
-        graph_exec_id: str,
-        user_id: str,
+        execution_context: ExecutionContext,
         **kwargs,
     ) -> BlockOutput:
         service = self._build_service(credentials, **kwargs)
         result = await self._create_draft(
             service,
             input_data,
-            graph_exec_id,
-            user_id,
+            execution_context,
         )
         yield "result", GmailDraftResult(
             id=result["id"], message_id=result["message"]["id"], status="draft_created"
         )
 
     async def _create_draft(
-        self, service, input_data: Input, graph_exec_id: str, user_id: str
+        self, service, input_data: Input, execution_context: ExecutionContext
     ) -> dict:
         if not input_data.to or not input_data.subject:
             raise ValueError(
                 "At least one recipient and subject are required for creating a draft"
             )
 
-        raw_message = await create_mime_message(input_data, graph_exec_id, user_id)
+        raw_message = await create_mime_message(input_data, execution_context)
         draft = await asyncio.to_thread(
             lambda: service.users()
             .drafts()
@@ -1100,7 +1096,7 @@ class GmailGetThreadBlock(GmailBase):
 
 
 async def _build_reply_message(
-    service, input_data, graph_exec_id: str, user_id: str
+    service, input_data, execution_context: ExecutionContext
 ) -> tuple[str, str]:
     """
     Builds a reply MIME message for Gmail threads.
@@ -1190,12 +1186,12 @@ async def _build_reply_message(
     # Handle attachments
     for attach in input_data.attachments:
         local_path = await store_media_file(
-            user_id=user_id,
-            graph_exec_id=graph_exec_id,
             file=attach,
-            return_content=False,
+            execution_context=execution_context,
+            return_format="for_local_processing",
         )
-        abs_path = get_exec_file_path(graph_exec_id, local_path)
+        assert execution_context.graph_exec_id  # Validated by store_media_file
+        abs_path = get_exec_file_path(execution_context.graph_exec_id, local_path)
         part = MIMEBase("application", "octet-stream")
         with open(abs_path, "rb") as f:
             part.set_payload(f.read())
@@ -1311,16 +1307,14 @@ class GmailReplyBlock(GmailBase):
         input_data: Input,
         *,
         credentials: GoogleCredentials,
-        graph_exec_id: str,
-        user_id: str,
+        execution_context: ExecutionContext,
         **kwargs,
     ) -> BlockOutput:
         service = self._build_service(credentials, **kwargs)
         message = await self._reply(
             service,
             input_data,
-            graph_exec_id,
-            user_id,
+            execution_context,
         )
         yield "messageId", message["id"]
         yield "threadId", message.get("threadId", input_data.threadId)
@@ -1343,11 +1337,11 @@ class GmailReplyBlock(GmailBase):
         yield "email", email
 
     async def _reply(
-        self, service, input_data: Input, graph_exec_id: str, user_id: str
+        self, service, input_data: Input, execution_context: ExecutionContext
     ) -> dict:
         # Build the reply message using the shared helper
         raw, thread_id = await _build_reply_message(
-            service, input_data, graph_exec_id, user_id
+            service, input_data, execution_context
         )
 
         # Send the message
@@ -1441,16 +1435,14 @@ class GmailDraftReplyBlock(GmailBase):
         input_data: Input,
         *,
         credentials: GoogleCredentials,
-        graph_exec_id: str,
-        user_id: str,
+        execution_context: ExecutionContext,
         **kwargs,
     ) -> BlockOutput:
         service = self._build_service(credentials, **kwargs)
         draft = await self._create_draft_reply(
             service,
             input_data,
-            graph_exec_id,
-            user_id,
+            execution_context,
         )
         yield "draftId", draft["id"]
         yield "messageId", draft["message"]["id"]
@@ -1458,11 +1450,11 @@ class GmailDraftReplyBlock(GmailBase):
         yield "status", "draft_created"
 
     async def _create_draft_reply(
-        self, service, input_data: Input, graph_exec_id: str, user_id: str
+        self, service, input_data: Input, execution_context: ExecutionContext
     ) -> dict:
         # Build the reply message using the shared helper
         raw, thread_id = await _build_reply_message(
-            service, input_data, graph_exec_id, user_id
+            service, input_data, execution_context
         )
 
         # Create draft with proper thread association
@@ -1629,23 +1621,21 @@ class GmailForwardBlock(GmailBase):
         input_data: Input,
         *,
         credentials: GoogleCredentials,
-        graph_exec_id: str,
-        user_id: str,
+        execution_context: ExecutionContext,
         **kwargs,
     ) -> BlockOutput:
         service = self._build_service(credentials, **kwargs)
         result = await self._forward_message(
             service,
             input_data,
-            graph_exec_id,
-            user_id,
+            execution_context,
         )
         yield "messageId", result["id"]
         yield "threadId", result.get("threadId", "")
         yield "status", "forwarded"
 
     async def _forward_message(
-        self, service, input_data: Input, graph_exec_id: str, user_id: str
+        self, service, input_data: Input, execution_context: ExecutionContext
     ) -> dict:
         if not input_data.to:
             raise ValueError("At least one recipient is required for forwarding")
@@ -1727,12 +1717,12 @@ To: {original_to}
         # Add any additional attachments
         for attach in input_data.additionalAttachments:
             local_path = await store_media_file(
-                user_id=user_id,
-                graph_exec_id=graph_exec_id,
                 file=attach,
-                return_content=False,
+                execution_context=execution_context,
+                return_format="for_local_processing",
             )
-            abs_path = get_exec_file_path(graph_exec_id, local_path)
+            assert execution_context.graph_exec_id  # Validated by store_media_file
+            abs_path = get_exec_file_path(execution_context.graph_exec_id, local_path)
             part = MIMEBase("application", "octet-stream")
             with open(abs_path, "rb") as f:
                 part.set_payload(f.read())

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/blocks/http.py

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ from backend.data.block import (
     BlockSchemaInput,
     BlockSchemaOutput,
 )
+from backend.data.execution import ExecutionContext
 from backend.data.model import (
     CredentialsField,
     CredentialsMetaInput,
@@ -116,10 +117,9 @@ class SendWebRequestBlock(Block):
 
     @staticmethod
     async def _prepare_files(
-        graph_exec_id: str,
+        execution_context: ExecutionContext,
         files_name: str,
         files: list[MediaFileType],
-        user_id: str,
     ) -> list[tuple[str, tuple[str, BytesIO, str]]]:
         """
         Prepare files for the request by storing them and reading their content.
@@ -127,11 +127,16 @@ class SendWebRequestBlock(Block):
         (files_name, (filename, BytesIO, mime_type))
         """
         files_payload: list[tuple[str, tuple[str, BytesIO, str]]] = []
+        graph_exec_id = execution_context.graph_exec_id
+        if graph_exec_id is None:
+            raise ValueError("graph_exec_id is required for file operations")
 
         for media in files:
             # Normalise to a list so we can repeat the same key
             rel_path = await store_media_file(
-                graph_exec_id, media, user_id, return_content=False
+                file=media,
+                execution_context=execution_context,
+                return_format="for_local_processing",
             )
             abs_path = get_exec_file_path(graph_exec_id, rel_path)
             async with aiofiles.open(abs_path, "rb") as f:
@@ -143,7 +148,7 @@ class SendWebRequestBlock(Block):
         return files_payload
 
     async def run(
-        self, input_data: Input, *, graph_exec_id: str, user_id: str, **kwargs
+        self, input_data: Input, *, execution_context: ExecutionContext, **kwargs
     ) -> BlockOutput:
         # ─── Parse/normalise body ────────────────────────────────────
         body = input_data.body
@@ -174,7 +179,7 @@ class SendWebRequestBlock(Block):
         files_payload: list[tuple[str, tuple[str, BytesIO, str]]] = []
         if use_files:
             files_payload = await self._prepare_files(
-                graph_exec_id, input_data.files_name, input_data.files, user_id
+                execution_context, input_data.files_name, input_data.files
             )
 
         # Enforce body format rules
@@ -238,9 +243,8 @@ class SendAuthenticatedWebRequestBlock(SendWebRequestBlock):
         self,
         input_data: Input,
         *,
-        graph_exec_id: str,
+        execution_context: ExecutionContext,
         credentials: HostScopedCredentials,
-        user_id: str,
         **kwargs,
     ) -> BlockOutput:
         # Create SendWebRequestBlock.Input from our input (removing credentials field)
@@ -271,6 +275,6 @@ class SendAuthenticatedWebRequestBlock(SendWebRequestBlock):
 
         # Use parent class run method
         async for output_name, output_data in super().run(
-            base_input, graph_exec_id=graph_exec_id, user_id=user_id, **kwargs
+            base_input, execution_context=execution_context, **kwargs
         ):
             yield output_name, output_data

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/blocks/io.py

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ from backend.data.block import (
     BlockSchemaInput,
     BlockType,
 )
+from backend.data.execution import ExecutionContext
 from backend.data.model import SchemaField
 from backend.util.file import store_media_file
 from backend.util.mock import MockObject
@@ -462,18 +463,21 @@ class AgentFileInputBlock(AgentInputBlock):
         self,
         input_data: Input,
         *,
-        graph_exec_id: str,
-        user_id: str,
+        execution_context: ExecutionContext,
         **kwargs,
     ) -> BlockOutput:
         if not input_data.value:
             return
 
+        # Determine return format based on user preference
+        # for_external_api: always returns data URI (base64) - honors "Produce Base64 Output"
+        # for_block_output: smart format - workspace:// in CoPilot, data URI in graphs
+        return_format = "for_external_api" if input_data.base_64 else "for_block_output"
+
         yield "result", await store_media_file(
-            graph_exec_id=graph_exec_id,
             file=input_data.value,
-            user_id=user_id,
-            return_content=input_data.base_64,
+            execution_context=execution_context,
+            return_format=return_format,
         )
 
 

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/blocks/media.py

@@ -1,251 +0,0 @@
-import os
-import tempfile
-from typing import Literal, Optional
-
-from moviepy.audio.io.AudioFileClip import AudioFileClip
-from moviepy.video.fx.Loop import Loop
-from moviepy.video.io.VideoFileClip import VideoFileClip
-
-from backend.data.block import (
-    Block,
-    BlockCategory,
-    BlockOutput,
-    BlockSchemaInput,
-    BlockSchemaOutput,
-)
-from backend.data.model import SchemaField
-from backend.util.file import MediaFileType, get_exec_file_path, store_media_file
-
-
-class MediaDurationBlock(Block):
-
-    class Input(BlockSchemaInput):
-        media_in: MediaFileType = SchemaField(
-            description="Media input (URL, data URI, or local path)."
-        )
-        is_video: bool = SchemaField(
-            description="Whether the media is a video (True) or audio (False).",
-            default=True,
-        )
-
-    class Output(BlockSchemaOutput):
-        duration: float = SchemaField(
-            description="Duration of the media file (in seconds)."
-        )
-
-    def __init__(self):
-        super().__init__(
-            id="d8b91fd4-da26-42d4-8ecb-8b196c6d84b6",
-            description="Block to get the duration of a media file.",
-            categories={BlockCategory.MULTIMEDIA},
-            input_schema=MediaDurationBlock.Input,
-            output_schema=MediaDurationBlock.Output,
-        )
-
-    async def run(
-        self,
-        input_data: Input,
-        *,
-        graph_exec_id: str,
-        user_id: str,
-        **kwargs,
-    ) -> BlockOutput:
-        # 1) Store the input media locally
-        local_media_path = await store_media_file(
-            graph_exec_id=graph_exec_id,
-            file=input_data.media_in,
-            user_id=user_id,
-            return_content=False,
-        )
-        media_abspath = get_exec_file_path(graph_exec_id, local_media_path)
-
-        # 2) Load the clip
-        if input_data.is_video:
-            clip = VideoFileClip(media_abspath)
-        else:
-            clip = AudioFileClip(media_abspath)
-
-        yield "duration", clip.duration
-
-
-class LoopVideoBlock(Block):
-    """
-    Block for looping (repeating) a video clip until a given duration or number of loops.
-    """
-
-    class Input(BlockSchemaInput):
-        video_in: MediaFileType = SchemaField(
-            description="The input video (can be a URL, data URI, or local path)."
-        )
-        # Provide EITHER a `duration` or `n_loops` or both. We'll demonstrate `duration`.
-        duration: Optional[float] = SchemaField(
-            description="Target duration (in seconds) to loop the video to. If omitted, defaults to no looping.",
-            default=None,
-            ge=0.0,
-        )
-        n_loops: Optional[int] = SchemaField(
-            description="Number of times to repeat the video. If omitted, defaults to 1 (no repeat).",
-            default=None,
-            ge=1,
-        )
-        output_return_type: Literal["file_path", "data_uri"] = SchemaField(
-            description="How to return the output video. Either a relative path or base64 data URI.",
-            default="file_path",
-        )
-
-    class Output(BlockSchemaOutput):
-        video_out: str = SchemaField(
-            description="Looped video returned either as a relative path or a data URI."
-        )
-
-    def __init__(self):
-        super().__init__(
-            id="8bf9eef6-5451-4213-b265-25306446e94b",
-            description="Block to loop a video to a given duration or number of repeats.",
-            categories={BlockCategory.MULTIMEDIA},
-            input_schema=LoopVideoBlock.Input,
-            output_schema=LoopVideoBlock.Output,
-        )
-
-    async def run(
-        self,
-        input_data: Input,
-        *,
-        node_exec_id: str,
-        graph_exec_id: str,
-        user_id: str,
-        **kwargs,
-    ) -> BlockOutput:
-        # 1) Store the input video locally
-        local_video_path = await store_media_file(
-            graph_exec_id=graph_exec_id,
-            file=input_data.video_in,
-            user_id=user_id,
-            return_content=False,
-        )
-        input_abspath = get_exec_file_path(graph_exec_id, local_video_path)
-
-        # 2) Load the clip
-        clip = VideoFileClip(input_abspath)
-
-        # 3) Apply the loop effect
-        looped_clip = clip
-        if input_data.duration:
-            # Loop until we reach the specified duration
-            looped_clip = looped_clip.with_effects([Loop(duration=input_data.duration)])
-        elif input_data.n_loops:
-            looped_clip = looped_clip.with_effects([Loop(n=input_data.n_loops)])
-        else:
-            raise ValueError("Either 'duration' or 'n_loops' must be provided.")
-
-        assert isinstance(looped_clip, VideoFileClip)
-
-        # 4) Save the looped output
-        output_filename = MediaFileType(
-            f"{node_exec_id}_looped_{os.path.basename(local_video_path)}"
-        )
-        output_abspath = get_exec_file_path(graph_exec_id, output_filename)
-
-        looped_clip = looped_clip.with_audio(clip.audio)
-        looped_clip.write_videofile(output_abspath, codec="libx264", audio_codec="aac")
-
-        # Return as data URI
-        video_out = await store_media_file(
-            graph_exec_id=graph_exec_id,
-            file=output_filename,
-            user_id=user_id,
-            return_content=input_data.output_return_type == "data_uri",
-        )
-
-        yield "video_out", video_out
-
-
-class AddAudioToVideoBlock(Block):
-    """
-    Block that adds (attaches) an audio track to an existing video.
-    Optionally scale the volume of the new track.
-    """
-
-    class Input(BlockSchemaInput):
-        video_in: MediaFileType = SchemaField(
-            description="Video input (URL, data URI, or local path)."
-        )
-        audio_in: MediaFileType = SchemaField(
-            description="Audio input (URL, data URI, or local path)."
-        )
-        volume: float = SchemaField(
-            description="Volume scale for the newly attached audio track (1.0 = original).",
-            default=1.0,
-        )
-        output_return_type: Literal["file_path", "data_uri"] = SchemaField(
-            description="Return the final output as a relative path or base64 data URI.",
-            default="file_path",
-        )
-
-    class Output(BlockSchemaOutput):
-        video_out: MediaFileType = SchemaField(
-            description="Final video (with attached audio), as a path or data URI."
-        )
-
-    def __init__(self):
-        super().__init__(
-            id="3503748d-62b6-4425-91d6-725b064af509",
-            description="Block to attach an audio file to a video file using moviepy.",
-            categories={BlockCategory.MULTIMEDIA},
-            input_schema=AddAudioToVideoBlock.Input,
-            output_schema=AddAudioToVideoBlock.Output,
-        )
-
-    async def run(
-        self,
-        input_data: Input,
-        *,
-        node_exec_id: str,
-        graph_exec_id: str,
-        user_id: str,
-        **kwargs,
-    ) -> BlockOutput:
-        # 1) Store the inputs locally
-        local_video_path = await store_media_file(
-            graph_exec_id=graph_exec_id,
-            file=input_data.video_in,
-            user_id=user_id,
-            return_content=False,
-        )
-        local_audio_path = await store_media_file(
-            graph_exec_id=graph_exec_id,
-            file=input_data.audio_in,
-            user_id=user_id,
-            return_content=False,
-        )
-
-        abs_temp_dir = os.path.join(tempfile.gettempdir(), "exec_file", graph_exec_id)
-        video_abspath = os.path.join(abs_temp_dir, local_video_path)
-        audio_abspath = os.path.join(abs_temp_dir, local_audio_path)
-
-        # 2) Load video + audio with moviepy
-        video_clip = VideoFileClip(video_abspath)
-        audio_clip = AudioFileClip(audio_abspath)
-        # Optionally scale volume
-        if input_data.volume != 1.0:
-            audio_clip = audio_clip.with_volume_scaled(input_data.volume)
-
-        # 3) Attach the new audio track
-        final_clip = video_clip.with_audio(audio_clip)
-
-        # 4) Write to output file
-        output_filename = MediaFileType(
-            f"{node_exec_id}_audio_attached_{os.path.basename(local_video_path)}"
-        )
-        output_abspath = os.path.join(abs_temp_dir, output_filename)
-        final_clip.write_videofile(output_abspath, codec="libx264", audio_codec="aac")
-
-        # 5) Return either path or data URI
-        video_out = await store_media_file(
-            graph_exec_id=graph_exec_id,
-            file=output_filename,
-            user_id=user_id,
-            return_content=input_data.output_return_type == "data_uri",
-        )
-
-        yield "video_out", video_out

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/blocks/screenshotone.py

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ from backend.data.block import (
     BlockSchemaInput,
     BlockSchemaOutput,
 )
+from backend.data.execution import ExecutionContext
 from backend.data.model import (
     APIKeyCredentials,
     CredentialsField,
@@ -112,8 +113,7 @@ class ScreenshotWebPageBlock(Block):
     @staticmethod
     async def take_screenshot(
         credentials: APIKeyCredentials,
-        graph_exec_id: str,
-        user_id: str,
+        execution_context: ExecutionContext,
         url: str,
         viewport_width: int,
         viewport_height: int,
@@ -155,12 +155,11 @@ class ScreenshotWebPageBlock(Block):
 
         return {
             "image": await store_media_file(
-                graph_exec_id=graph_exec_id,
                 file=MediaFileType(
                     f"data:image/{format.value};base64,{b64encode(content).decode('utf-8')}"
                 ),
-                user_id=user_id,
-                return_content=True,
+                execution_context=execution_context,
+                return_format="for_block_output",
             )
         }
 
@@ -169,15 +168,13 @@ class ScreenshotWebPageBlock(Block):
         input_data: Input,
         *,
         credentials: APIKeyCredentials,
-        graph_exec_id: str,
-        user_id: str,
+        execution_context: ExecutionContext,
         **kwargs,
     ) -> BlockOutput:
         try:
             screenshot_data = await self.take_screenshot(
                 credentials=credentials,
-                graph_exec_id=graph_exec_id,
-                user_id=user_id,
+                execution_context=execution_context,
                 url=input_data.url,
                 viewport_width=input_data.viewport_width,
                 viewport_height=input_data.viewport_height,

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/blocks/spreadsheet.py

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ from backend.data.block import (
     BlockSchemaInput,
     BlockSchemaOutput,
 )
+from backend.data.execution import ExecutionContext
 from backend.data.model import ContributorDetails, SchemaField
 from backend.util.file import get_exec_file_path, store_media_file
 from backend.util.type import MediaFileType
@@ -98,7 +99,7 @@ class ReadSpreadsheetBlock(Block):
         )
 
     async def run(
-        self, input_data: Input, *, graph_exec_id: str, user_id: str, **_kwargs
+        self, input_data: Input, *, execution_context: ExecutionContext, **_kwargs
     ) -> BlockOutput:
         import csv
         from io import StringIO
@@ -106,14 +107,16 @@ class ReadSpreadsheetBlock(Block):
         # Determine data source - prefer file_input if provided, otherwise use contents
         if input_data.file_input:
             stored_file_path = await store_media_file(
-                user_id=user_id,
-                graph_exec_id=graph_exec_id,
                 file=input_data.file_input,
-                return_content=False,
+                execution_context=execution_context,
+                return_format="for_local_processing",
             )
 
             # Get full file path
-            file_path = get_exec_file_path(graph_exec_id, stored_file_path)
+            assert execution_context.graph_exec_id  # Validated by store_media_file
+            file_path = get_exec_file_path(
+                execution_context.graph_exec_id, stored_file_path
+            )
             if not Path(file_path).exists():
                 raise ValueError(f"File does not exist: {file_path}")
 

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/blocks/talking_head.py

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ from backend.data.block import (
     BlockSchemaInput,
     BlockSchemaOutput,
 )
+from backend.data.execution import ExecutionContext
 from backend.data.model import (
     APIKeyCredentials,
     CredentialsField,
@@ -17,7 +18,9 @@ from backend.data.model import (
     SchemaField,
 )
 from backend.integrations.providers import ProviderName
+from backend.util.file import store_media_file
 from backend.util.request import Requests
+from backend.util.type import MediaFileType
 
 TEST_CREDENTIALS = APIKeyCredentials(
     id="01234567-89ab-cdef-0123-456789abcdef",
@@ -102,7 +105,7 @@ class CreateTalkingAvatarVideoBlock(Block):
             test_output=[
                 (
                     "video_url",
-                    "https://d-id.com/api/clips/abcd1234-5678-efgh-ijkl-mnopqrstuvwx/video",
+                    lambda x: x.startswith(("workspace://", "data:")),
                 ),
             ],
             test_mock={
@@ -110,9 +113,10 @@ class CreateTalkingAvatarVideoBlock(Block):
                     "id": "abcd1234-5678-efgh-ijkl-mnopqrstuvwx",
                     "status": "created",
                 },
+                # Use data URI to avoid HTTP requests during tests
                 "get_clip_status": lambda *args, **kwargs: {
                     "status": "done",
-                    "result_url": "https://d-id.com/api/clips/abcd1234-5678-efgh-ijkl-mnopqrstuvwx/video",
+                    "result_url": "data:video/mp4;base64,AAAA",
                 },
             },
             test_credentials=TEST_CREDENTIALS,
@@ -138,7 +142,12 @@ class CreateTalkingAvatarVideoBlock(Block):
         return response.json()
 
     async def run(
-        self, input_data: Input, *, credentials: APIKeyCredentials, **kwargs
+        self,
+        input_data: Input,
+        *,
+        credentials: APIKeyCredentials,
+        execution_context: ExecutionContext,
+        **kwargs,
     ) -> BlockOutput:
         # Create the clip
         payload = {
@@ -165,7 +174,14 @@ class CreateTalkingAvatarVideoBlock(Block):
         for _ in range(input_data.max_polling_attempts):
             status_response = await self.get_clip_status(credentials.api_key, clip_id)
             if status_response["status"] == "done":
-                yield "video_url", status_response["result_url"]
+                # Store the generated video to the user's workspace for persistence
+                video_url = status_response["result_url"]
+                stored_url = await store_media_file(
+                    file=MediaFileType(video_url),
+                    execution_context=execution_context,
+                    return_format="for_block_output",
+                )
+                yield "video_url", stored_url
                 return
             elif status_response["status"] == "error":
                 raise RuntimeError(

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/blocks/test/test_blocks_dos_vulnerability.py

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ from backend.blocks.iteration import StepThroughItemsBlock
 from backend.blocks.llm import AITextSummarizerBlock
 from backend.blocks.text import ExtractTextInformationBlock
 from backend.blocks.xml_parser import XMLParserBlock
+from backend.data.execution import ExecutionContext
 from backend.util.file import store_media_file
 from backend.util.type import MediaFileType
 
@@ -233,9 +234,12 @@ class TestStoreMediaFileSecurity:
 
         with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="File too large"):
             await store_media_file(
-                graph_exec_id="test",
                 file=MediaFileType(large_data_uri),
-                user_id="test_user",
+                execution_context=ExecutionContext(
+                    user_id="test_user",
+                    graph_exec_id="test",
+                ),
+                return_format="for_local_processing",
             )
 
     @patch("backend.util.file.Path")
@@ -270,9 +274,12 @@ class TestStoreMediaFileSecurity:
         # Should raise an error when directory size exceeds limit
         with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Disk usage limit exceeded"):
             await store_media_file(
-                graph_exec_id="test",
                 file=MediaFileType(
                     "data:text/plain;base64,dGVzdA=="
                 ),  # Small test file
-                user_id="test_user",
+                execution_context=ExecutionContext(
+                    user_id="test_user",
+                    graph_exec_id="test",
+                ),
+                return_format="for_local_processing",
             )

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/blocks/test/test_http.py

@@ -11,10 +11,22 @@ from backend.blocks.http import (
     HttpMethod,
     SendAuthenticatedWebRequestBlock,
 )
+from backend.data.execution import ExecutionContext
 from backend.data.model import HostScopedCredentials
 from backend.util.request import Response
 
 
+def make_test_context(
+    graph_exec_id: str = "test-exec-id",
+    user_id: str = "test-user-id",
+) -> ExecutionContext:
+    """Helper to create test ExecutionContext."""
+    return ExecutionContext(
+        user_id=user_id,
+        graph_exec_id=graph_exec_id,
+    )
+
+
 class TestHttpBlockWithHostScopedCredentials:
     """Test suite for HTTP block integration with HostScopedCredentials."""
 
@@ -105,8 +117,7 @@ class TestHttpBlockWithHostScopedCredentials:
         async for output_name, output_data in http_block.run(
             input_data,
             credentials=exact_match_credentials,
-            graph_exec_id="test-exec-id",
-            user_id="test-user-id",
+            execution_context=make_test_context(),
         ):
             result.append((output_name, output_data))
 
@@ -161,8 +172,7 @@ class TestHttpBlockWithHostScopedCredentials:
         async for output_name, output_data in http_block.run(
             input_data,
             credentials=wildcard_credentials,
-            graph_exec_id="test-exec-id",
-            user_id="test-user-id",
+            execution_context=make_test_context(),
         ):
             result.append((output_name, output_data))
 
@@ -208,8 +218,7 @@ class TestHttpBlockWithHostScopedCredentials:
         async for output_name, output_data in http_block.run(
             input_data,
             credentials=non_matching_credentials,
-            graph_exec_id="test-exec-id",
-            user_id="test-user-id",
+            execution_context=make_test_context(),
         ):
             result.append((output_name, output_data))
 
@@ -258,8 +267,7 @@ class TestHttpBlockWithHostScopedCredentials:
         async for output_name, output_data in http_block.run(
             input_data,
             credentials=exact_match_credentials,
-            graph_exec_id="test-exec-id",
-            user_id="test-user-id",
+            execution_context=make_test_context(),
         ):
             result.append((output_name, output_data))
 
@@ -318,8 +326,7 @@ class TestHttpBlockWithHostScopedCredentials:
         async for output_name, output_data in http_block.run(
             input_data,
             credentials=auto_discovered_creds,  # Execution manager found these
-            graph_exec_id="test-exec-id",
-            user_id="test-user-id",
+            execution_context=make_test_context(),
         ):
             result.append((output_name, output_data))
 
@@ -382,8 +389,7 @@ class TestHttpBlockWithHostScopedCredentials:
         async for output_name, output_data in http_block.run(
             input_data,
             credentials=multi_header_creds,
-            graph_exec_id="test-exec-id",
-            user_id="test-user-id",
+            execution_context=make_test_context(),
         ):
             result.append((output_name, output_data))
 
@@ -471,8 +477,7 @@ class TestHttpBlockWithHostScopedCredentials:
             async for output_name, output_data in http_block.run(
                 input_data,
                 credentials=test_creds,
-                graph_exec_id="test-exec-id",
-                user_id="test-user-id",
+                execution_context=make_test_context(),
             ):
                 result.append((output_name, output_data))
 

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/blocks/text.py

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ from backend.data.block import (
     BlockSchemaInput,
     BlockSchemaOutput,
 )
+from backend.data.execution import ExecutionContext
 from backend.data.model import SchemaField
 from backend.util import json, text
 from backend.util.file import get_exec_file_path, store_media_file
@@ -444,18 +445,21 @@ class FileReadBlock(Block):
         )
 
     async def run(
-        self, input_data: Input, *, graph_exec_id: str, user_id: str, **_kwargs
+        self, input_data: Input, *, execution_context: ExecutionContext, **_kwargs
     ) -> BlockOutput:
         # Store the media file properly (handles URLs, data URIs, etc.)
         stored_file_path = await store_media_file(
-            user_id=user_id,
-            graph_exec_id=graph_exec_id,
             file=input_data.file_input,
-            return_content=False,
+            execution_context=execution_context,
+            return_format="for_local_processing",
         )
 
-        # Get full file path
-        file_path = get_exec_file_path(graph_exec_id, stored_file_path)
+        # Get full file path (graph_exec_id validated by store_media_file above)
+        if not execution_context.graph_exec_id:
+            raise ValueError("execution_context.graph_exec_id is required")
+        file_path = get_exec_file_path(
+            execution_context.graph_exec_id, stored_file_path
+        )
 
         if not Path(file_path).exists():
             raise ValueError(f"File does not exist: {file_path}")

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/blocks/video/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+"""Video editing blocks for AutoGPT Platform.
+
+This module provides blocks for:
+- Downloading videos from URLs (YouTube, Vimeo, news sites, direct links)
+- Clipping/trimming video segments
+- Concatenating multiple videos
+- Adding text overlays
+- Adding AI-generated narration
+- Getting media duration
+- Looping videos
+- Adding audio to videos
+
+Dependencies:
+- yt-dlp: For video downloading
+- moviepy: For video editing operations
+- elevenlabs: For AI narration (optional)
+"""
+
+from backend.blocks.video.add_audio import AddAudioToVideoBlock
+from backend.blocks.video.clip import VideoClipBlock
+from backend.blocks.video.concat import VideoConcatBlock
+from backend.blocks.video.download import VideoDownloadBlock
+from backend.blocks.video.duration import MediaDurationBlock
+from backend.blocks.video.loop import LoopVideoBlock
+from backend.blocks.video.narration import VideoNarrationBlock
+from backend.blocks.video.text_overlay import VideoTextOverlayBlock
+
+__all__ = [
+    "AddAudioToVideoBlock",
+    "LoopVideoBlock",
+    "MediaDurationBlock",
+    "VideoClipBlock",
+    "VideoConcatBlock",
+    "VideoDownloadBlock",
+    "VideoNarrationBlock",
+    "VideoTextOverlayBlock",
+]

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/blocks/video/_utils.py

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+"""Shared utilities for video blocks."""
+
+import os
+
+
+def get_video_codecs(output_path: str) -> tuple[str, str]:
+    """Get appropriate video and audio codecs based on output file extension.
+
+    Args:
+        output_path: Path to the output file (used to determine extension)
+
+    Returns:
+        Tuple of (video_codec, audio_codec)
+
+    Codec mappings:
+        - .mp4: H.264 + AAC (universal compatibility)
+        - .webm: VP8 + Vorbis (web streaming)
+        - .mkv: H.264 + AAC (container supports many codecs)
+        - .mov: H.264 + AAC (Apple QuickTime, widely compatible)
+        - .m4v: H.264 + AAC (Apple iTunes/devices)
+        - .avi: MPEG-4 + MP3 (legacy Windows)
+    """
+    ext = os.path.splitext(output_path)[1].lower()
+
+    codec_map: dict[str, tuple[str, str]] = {
+        ".mp4": ("libx264", "aac"),
+        ".webm": ("libvpx", "libvorbis"),
+        ".mkv": ("libx264", "aac"),
+        ".mov": ("libx264", "aac"),
+        ".m4v": ("libx264", "aac"),
+        ".avi": ("mpeg4", "libmp3lame"),
+    }
+
+    return codec_map.get(ext, ("libx264", "aac"))

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/blocks/video/add_audio.py

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+"""AddAudioToVideoBlock - Attach an audio track to a video file."""
+
+import os
+import tempfile
+
+from moviepy.audio.io.AudioFileClip import AudioFileClip
+from moviepy.video.io.VideoFileClip import VideoFileClip
+
+from backend.data.block import (
+    Block,
+    BlockCategory,
+    BlockOutput,
+    BlockSchemaInput,
+    BlockSchemaOutput,
+)
+from backend.data.execution import ExecutionContext
+from backend.data.model import SchemaField
+from backend.util.file import MediaFileType, store_media_file
+
+
+class AddAudioToVideoBlock(Block):
+    """Add (attach) an audio track to an existing video."""
+
+    class Input(BlockSchemaInput):
+        video_in: MediaFileType = SchemaField(
+            description="Video input (URL, data URI, or local path)."
+        )
+        audio_in: MediaFileType = SchemaField(
+            description="Audio input (URL, data URI, or local path)."
+        )
+        volume: float = SchemaField(
+            description="Volume scale for the newly attached audio track (1.0 = original).",
+            default=1.0,
+        )
+
+    class Output(BlockSchemaOutput):
+        video_out: MediaFileType = SchemaField(
+            description="Final video (with attached audio), as a path or data URI."
+        )
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__(
+            id="3503748d-62b6-4425-91d6-725b064af509",
+            description="Block to attach an audio file to a video file using moviepy.",
+            categories={BlockCategory.MULTIMEDIA},
+            input_schema=AddAudioToVideoBlock.Input,
+            output_schema=AddAudioToVideoBlock.Output,
+        )
+
+    async def run(
+        self,
+        input_data: Input,
+        *,
+        execution_context: ExecutionContext,
+        **kwargs,
+    ) -> BlockOutput:
+        assert execution_context.graph_exec_id is not None
+        assert execution_context.node_exec_id is not None
+        graph_exec_id = execution_context.graph_exec_id
+        node_exec_id = execution_context.node_exec_id
+
+        # 1) Store the inputs locally
+        local_video_path = await store_media_file(
+            file=input_data.video_in,
+            execution_context=execution_context,
+            return_format="for_local_processing",
+        )
+        local_audio_path = await store_media_file(
+            file=input_data.audio_in,
+            execution_context=execution_context,
+            return_format="for_local_processing",
+        )
+
+        abs_temp_dir = os.path.join(tempfile.gettempdir(), "exec_file", graph_exec_id)
+        video_abspath = os.path.join(abs_temp_dir, local_video_path)
+        audio_abspath = os.path.join(abs_temp_dir, local_audio_path)
+
+        # 2) Load video + audio with moviepy
+        video_clip = VideoFileClip(video_abspath)
+        audio_clip = AudioFileClip(audio_abspath)
+        # Optionally scale volume
+        if input_data.volume != 1.0:
+            audio_clip = audio_clip.with_volume_scaled(input_data.volume)
+
+        # 3) Attach the new audio track
+        final_clip = video_clip.with_audio(audio_clip)
+
+        # 4) Write to output file
+        output_filename = MediaFileType(
+            f"{node_exec_id}_audio_attached_{os.path.basename(local_video_path)}"
+        )
+        output_abspath = os.path.join(abs_temp_dir, output_filename)
+        final_clip.write_videofile(output_abspath, codec="libx264", audio_codec="aac")
+
+        # 5) Return output - for_block_output returns workspace:// if available, else data URI
+        video_out = await store_media_file(
+            file=output_filename,
+            execution_context=execution_context,
+            return_format="for_block_output",
+        )
+
+        yield "video_out", video_out

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/blocks/video/clip.py

@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+"""VideoClipBlock - Extract a segment from a video file."""
+
+import os
+from typing import Literal
+
+from moviepy.video.io.VideoFileClip import VideoFileClip
+
+from backend.blocks.video._utils import get_video_codecs
+from backend.data.block import (
+    Block,
+    BlockCategory,
+    BlockOutput,
+    BlockSchemaInput,
+    BlockSchemaOutput,
+)
+from backend.data.execution import ExecutionContext
+from backend.data.model import SchemaField
+from backend.util.exceptions import BlockExecutionError
+from backend.util.file import MediaFileType, get_exec_file_path, store_media_file
+
+
+class VideoClipBlock(Block):
+    """Extract a time segment from a video."""
+
+    class Input(BlockSchemaInput):
+        video_in: MediaFileType = SchemaField(
+            description="Input video (URL, data URI, or local path)"
+        )
+        start_time: float = SchemaField(description="Start time in seconds", ge=0.0)
+        end_time: float = SchemaField(description="End time in seconds", ge=0.0)
+        output_format: Literal["mp4", "webm", "mkv", "mov"] = SchemaField(
+            description="Output format", default="mp4", advanced=True
+        )
+
+    class Output(BlockSchemaOutput):
+        video_out: MediaFileType = SchemaField(
+            description="Clipped video file (path or data URI)"
+        )
+        duration: float = SchemaField(description="Clip duration in seconds")
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__(
+            id="8f539119-e580-4d86-ad41-86fbcb22abb1",
+            description="Extract a time segment from a video",
+            categories={BlockCategory.MULTIMEDIA},
+            input_schema=self.Input,
+            output_schema=self.Output,
+            test_input={
+                "video_in": "/tmp/test.mp4",
+                "start_time": 0.0,
+                "end_time": 10.0,
+            },
+            test_output=[("video_out", str), ("duration", float)],
+            test_mock={
+                "_clip_video": lambda *args: 10.0,
+                "_store_input_video": lambda *args, **kwargs: "test.mp4",
+                "_store_output_video": lambda *args, **kwargs: "clip_test.mp4",
+            },
+        )
+
+    async def _store_input_video(
+        self, execution_context: ExecutionContext, file: MediaFileType
+    ) -> MediaFileType:
+        """Store input video. Extracted for testability."""
+        return await store_media_file(
+            file=file,
+            execution_context=execution_context,
+            return_format="for_local_processing",
+        )
+
+    async def _store_output_video(
+        self, execution_context: ExecutionContext, file: MediaFileType
+    ) -> MediaFileType:
+        """Store output video. Extracted for testability."""
+        return await store_media_file(
+            file=file,
+            execution_context=execution_context,
+            return_format="for_block_output",
+        )
+
+    def _clip_video(
+        self,
+        video_abspath: str,
+        output_abspath: str,
+        start_time: float,
+        end_time: float,
+    ) -> float:
+        """Extract a clip from a video. Extracted for testability."""
+        clip = None
+        subclip = None
+        try:
+            clip = VideoFileClip(video_abspath)
+            subclip = clip.subclipped(start_time, end_time)
+            video_codec, audio_codec = get_video_codecs(output_abspath)
+            subclip.write_videofile(
+                output_abspath, codec=video_codec, audio_codec=audio_codec
+            )
+            return subclip.duration
+        finally:
+            if subclip:
+                subclip.close()
+            if clip:
+                clip.close()
+
+    async def run(
+        self,
+        input_data: Input,
+        *,
+        execution_context: ExecutionContext,
+        node_exec_id: str,
+        **kwargs,
+    ) -> BlockOutput:
+        # Validate time range
+        if input_data.end_time <= input_data.start_time:
+            raise BlockExecutionError(
+                message=f"end_time ({input_data.end_time}) must be greater than start_time ({input_data.start_time})",
+                block_name=self.name,
+                block_id=str(self.id),
+            )
+
+        try:
+            assert execution_context.graph_exec_id is not None
+
+            # Store the input video locally
+            local_video_path = await self._store_input_video(
+                execution_context, input_data.video_in
+            )
+            video_abspath = get_exec_file_path(
+                execution_context.graph_exec_id, local_video_path
+            )
+
+            # Build output path
+            output_filename = MediaFileType(
+                f"{node_exec_id}_clip_{os.path.basename(local_video_path)}"
+            )
+            # Ensure correct extension
+            base, _ = os.path.splitext(output_filename)
+            output_filename = MediaFileType(f"{base}.{input_data.output_format}")
+            output_abspath = get_exec_file_path(
+                execution_context.graph_exec_id, output_filename
+            )
+
+            duration = self._clip_video(
+                video_abspath,
+                output_abspath,
+                input_data.start_time,
+                input_data.end_time,
+            )
+
+            # Return as workspace path or data URI based on context
+            video_out = await self._store_output_video(
+                execution_context, output_filename
+            )
+
+            yield "video_out", video_out
+            yield "duration", duration
+
+        except BlockExecutionError:
+            raise
+        except Exception as e:
+            raise BlockExecutionError(
+                message=f"Failed to clip video: {e}",
+                block_name=self.name,
+                block_id=str(self.id),
+            ) from e

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/blocks/video/concat.py

@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+"""VideoConcatBlock - Concatenate multiple video clips into one."""
+
+from typing import Literal
+
+from moviepy import concatenate_videoclips
+from moviepy.video.fx import CrossFadeIn, CrossFadeOut, FadeIn, FadeOut
+from moviepy.video.io.VideoFileClip import VideoFileClip
+
+from backend.blocks.video._utils import get_video_codecs
+from backend.data.block import (
+    Block,
+    BlockCategory,
+    BlockOutput,
+    BlockSchemaInput,
+    BlockSchemaOutput,
+)
+from backend.data.execution import ExecutionContext
+from backend.data.model import SchemaField
+from backend.util.exceptions import BlockExecutionError
+from backend.util.file import MediaFileType, get_exec_file_path, store_media_file
+
+
+class VideoConcatBlock(Block):
+    """Merge multiple video clips into one continuous video."""
+
+    class Input(BlockSchemaInput):
+        videos: list[MediaFileType] = SchemaField(
+            description="List of video files to concatenate (in order)"
+        )
+        transition: Literal["none", "crossfade", "fade_black"] = SchemaField(
+            description="Transition between clips", default="none"
+        )
+        transition_duration: int = SchemaField(
+            description="Transition duration in seconds",
+            default=1,
+            ge=0,
+            advanced=True,
+        )
+        output_format: Literal["mp4", "webm", "mkv", "mov"] = SchemaField(
+            description="Output format", default="mp4", advanced=True
+        )
+
+    class Output(BlockSchemaOutput):
+        video_out: MediaFileType = SchemaField(
+            description="Concatenated video file (path or data URI)"
+        )
+        total_duration: float = SchemaField(description="Total duration in seconds")
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__(
+            id="9b0f531a-1118-487f-aeec-3fa63ea8900a",
+            description="Merge multiple video clips into one continuous video",
+            categories={BlockCategory.MULTIMEDIA},
+            input_schema=self.Input,
+            output_schema=self.Output,
+            test_input={"videos": ["/tmp/a.mp4", "/tmp/b.mp4"]},
+            test_output=[("video_out", str), ("total_duration", float)],
+            test_mock={
+                "_concat_videos": lambda *args: 20.0,
+                "_store_input_video": lambda *args, **kwargs: "test.mp4",
+                "_store_output_video": lambda *args, **kwargs: "concat_test.mp4",
+            },
+        )
+
+    async def _store_input_video(
+        self, execution_context: ExecutionContext, file: MediaFileType
+    ) -> MediaFileType:
+        """Store input video. Extracted for testability."""
+        return await store_media_file(
+            file=file,
+            execution_context=execution_context,
+            return_format="for_local_processing",
+        )
+
+    async def _store_output_video(
+        self, execution_context: ExecutionContext, file: MediaFileType
+    ) -> MediaFileType:
+        """Store output video. Extracted for testability."""
+        return await store_media_file(
+            file=file,
+            execution_context=execution_context,
+            return_format="for_block_output",
+        )
+
+    def _concat_videos(
+        self,
+        video_abspaths: list[str],
+        output_abspath: str,
+        transition: str,
+        transition_duration: int,
+    ) -> float:
+        """Concatenate videos. Extracted for testability."""
+        clips = []
+        faded_clips = []
+        final = None
+        try:
+            # Load clips
+            for v in video_abspaths:
+                clips.append(VideoFileClip(v))
+
+            if transition == "crossfade":
+                for i, clip in enumerate(clips):
+                    effects = []
+                    if i > 0:
+                        effects.append(CrossFadeIn(transition_duration))
+                    if i < len(clips) - 1:
+                        effects.append(CrossFadeOut(transition_duration))
+                    if effects:
+                        clip = clip.with_effects(effects)
+                    faded_clips.append(clip)
+                final = concatenate_videoclips(
+                    faded_clips,
+                    method="compose",
+                    padding=-transition_duration,
+                )
+            elif transition == "fade_black":
+                for clip in clips:
+                    faded = clip.with_effects(
+                        [FadeIn(transition_duration), FadeOut(transition_duration)]
+                    )
+                    faded_clips.append(faded)
+                final = concatenate_videoclips(faded_clips)
+            else:
+                final = concatenate_videoclips(clips)
+
+            video_codec, audio_codec = get_video_codecs(output_abspath)
+            final.write_videofile(
+                output_abspath, codec=video_codec, audio_codec=audio_codec
+            )
+
+            return final.duration
+        finally:
+            if final:
+                final.close()
+            for clip in faded_clips:
+                clip.close()
+            for clip in clips:
+                clip.close()
+
+    async def run(
+        self,
+        input_data: Input,
+        *,
+        execution_context: ExecutionContext,
+        node_exec_id: str,
+        **kwargs,
+    ) -> BlockOutput:
+        # Validate minimum clips
+        if len(input_data.videos) < 2:
+            raise BlockExecutionError(
+                message="At least 2 videos are required for concatenation",
+                block_name=self.name,
+                block_id=str(self.id),
+            )
+
+        try:
+            assert execution_context.graph_exec_id is not None
+
+            # Store all input videos locally
+            video_abspaths = []
+            for video in input_data.videos:
+                local_path = await self._store_input_video(execution_context, video)
+                video_abspaths.append(
+                    get_exec_file_path(execution_context.graph_exec_id, local_path)
+                )
+
+            # Build output path
+            output_filename = MediaFileType(
+                f"{node_exec_id}_concat.{input_data.output_format}"
+            )
+            output_abspath = get_exec_file_path(
+                execution_context.graph_exec_id, output_filename
+            )
+
+            total_duration = self._concat_videos(
+                video_abspaths,
+                output_abspath,
+                input_data.transition,
+                input_data.transition_duration,
+            )
+
+            # Return as workspace path or data URI based on context
+            video_out = await self._store_output_video(
+                execution_context, output_filename
+            )
+
+            yield "video_out", video_out
+            yield "total_duration", total_duration
+
+        except BlockExecutionError:
+            raise
+        except Exception as e:
+            raise BlockExecutionError(
+                message=f"Failed to concatenate videos: {e}",
+                block_name=self.name,
+                block_id=str(self.id),
+            ) from e

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/blocks/video/download.py

@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+"""VideoDownloadBlock - Download video from URL (YouTube, Vimeo, news sites, direct links)."""
+
+import os
+import typing
+from typing import Literal
+
+import yt_dlp
+
+if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from yt_dlp import _Params
+
+from backend.data.block import (
+    Block,
+    BlockCategory,
+    BlockOutput,
+    BlockSchemaInput,
+    BlockSchemaOutput,
+)
+from backend.data.execution import ExecutionContext
+from backend.data.model import SchemaField
+from backend.util.exceptions import BlockExecutionError
+from backend.util.file import MediaFileType, get_exec_file_path, store_media_file
+
+
+class VideoDownloadBlock(Block):
+    """Download video from URL using yt-dlp."""
+
+    class Input(BlockSchemaInput):
+        url: str = SchemaField(
+            description="URL of the video to download (YouTube, Vimeo, direct link, etc.)",
+            placeholder="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=...",
+        )
+        quality: Literal["best", "1080p", "720p", "480p", "audio_only"] = SchemaField(
+            description="Video quality preference", default="720p"
+        )
+        output_format: Literal["mp4", "webm", "mkv"] = SchemaField(
+            description="Output video format", default="mp4", advanced=True
+        )
+
+    class Output(BlockSchemaOutput):
+        video_file: MediaFileType = SchemaField(
+            description="Downloaded video (path or data URI)"
+        )
+        duration: float = SchemaField(description="Video duration in seconds")
+        title: str = SchemaField(description="Video title from source")
+        source_url: str = SchemaField(description="Original source URL")
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__(
+            id="c35daabb-cd60-493b-b9ad-51f1fe4b50c4",
+            description="Download video from URL (YouTube, Vimeo, news sites, direct links)",
+            categories={BlockCategory.MULTIMEDIA},
+            input_schema=self.Input,
+            output_schema=self.Output,
+            test_input={
+                "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dQw4w9WgXcQ",
+                "quality": "480p",
+            },
+            test_output=[
+                ("video_file", str),
+                ("duration", float),
+                ("title", str),
+                ("source_url", str),
+            ],
+            test_mock={
+                "_download_video": lambda *args: ("video.mp4", 212.0, "Test Video"),
+                "_store_output_video": lambda *args, **kwargs: "video.mp4",
+            },
+        )
+
+    async def _store_output_video(
+        self, execution_context: ExecutionContext, file: MediaFileType
+    ) -> MediaFileType:
+        """Store output video. Extracted for testability."""
+        return await store_media_file(
+            file=file,
+            execution_context=execution_context,
+            return_format="for_block_output",
+        )
+
+    def _get_format_string(self, quality: str) -> str:
+        formats = {
+            "best": "bestvideo+bestaudio/best",
+            "1080p": "bestvideo[height<=1080]+bestaudio/best[height<=1080]",
+            "720p": "bestvideo[height<=720]+bestaudio/best[height<=720]",
+            "480p": "bestvideo[height<=480]+bestaudio/best[height<=480]",
+            "audio_only": "bestaudio/best",
+        }
+        return formats.get(quality, formats["720p"])
+
+    def _download_video(
+        self,
+        url: str,
+        quality: str,
+        output_format: str,
+        output_dir: str,
+        node_exec_id: str,
+    ) -> tuple[str, float, str]:
+        """Download video. Extracted for testability."""
+        output_template = os.path.join(
+            output_dir, f"{node_exec_id}_%(title).50s.%(ext)s"
+        )
+
+        ydl_opts: "_Params" = {
+            "format": self._get_format_string(quality),
+            "outtmpl": output_template,
+            "merge_output_format": output_format,
+            "quiet": True,
+            "no_warnings": True,
+        }
+
+        with yt_dlp.YoutubeDL(ydl_opts) as ydl:
+            info = ydl.extract_info(url, download=True)
+            video_path = ydl.prepare_filename(info)
+
+            # Handle format conversion in filename
+            if not video_path.endswith(f".{output_format}"):
+                video_path = video_path.rsplit(".", 1)[0] + f".{output_format}"
+
+            # Return just the filename, not the full path
+            filename = os.path.basename(video_path)
+
+            return (
+                filename,
+                info.get("duration") or 0.0,
+                info.get("title") or "Unknown",
+            )
+
+    async def run(
+        self,
+        input_data: Input,
+        *,
+        execution_context: ExecutionContext,
+        node_exec_id: str,
+        **kwargs,
+    ) -> BlockOutput:
+        try:
+            assert execution_context.graph_exec_id is not None
+
+            # Get the exec file directory
+            output_dir = get_exec_file_path(execution_context.graph_exec_id, "")
+            os.makedirs(output_dir, exist_ok=True)
+
+            filename, duration, title = self._download_video(
+                input_data.url,
+                input_data.quality,
+                input_data.output_format,
+                output_dir,
+                node_exec_id,
+            )
+
+            # Return as workspace path or data URI based on context
+            video_out = await self._store_output_video(
+                execution_context, MediaFileType(filename)
+            )
+
+            yield "video_file", video_out
+            yield "duration", duration
+            yield "title", title
+            yield "source_url", input_data.url
+
+        except Exception as e:
+            raise BlockExecutionError(
+                message=f"Failed to download video: {e}",
+                block_name=self.name,
+                block_id=str(self.id),
+            ) from e

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/blocks/video/duration.py

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+"""MediaDurationBlock - Get the duration of a media file."""
+
+from moviepy.audio.io.AudioFileClip import AudioFileClip
+from moviepy.video.io.VideoFileClip import VideoFileClip
+
+from backend.data.block import (
+    Block,
+    BlockCategory,
+    BlockOutput,
+    BlockSchemaInput,
+    BlockSchemaOutput,
+)
+from backend.data.execution import ExecutionContext
+from backend.data.model import SchemaField
+from backend.util.file import MediaFileType, get_exec_file_path, store_media_file
+
+
+class MediaDurationBlock(Block):
+    """Get the duration of a media file (video or audio)."""
+
+    class Input(BlockSchemaInput):
+        media_in: MediaFileType = SchemaField(
+            description="Media input (URL, data URI, or local path)."
+        )
+        is_video: bool = SchemaField(
+            description="Whether the media is a video (True) or audio (False).",
+            default=True,
+        )
+
+    class Output(BlockSchemaOutput):
+        duration: float = SchemaField(
+            description="Duration of the media file (in seconds)."
+        )
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__(
+            id="d8b91fd4-da26-42d4-8ecb-8b196c6d84b6",
+            description="Block to get the duration of a media file.",
+            categories={BlockCategory.MULTIMEDIA},
+            input_schema=MediaDurationBlock.Input,
+            output_schema=MediaDurationBlock.Output,
+        )
+
+    async def run(
+        self,
+        input_data: Input,
+        *,
+        execution_context: ExecutionContext,
+        **kwargs,
+    ) -> BlockOutput:
+        # 1) Store the input media locally
+        local_media_path = await store_media_file(
+            file=input_data.media_in,
+            execution_context=execution_context,
+            return_format="for_local_processing",
+        )
+        assert execution_context.graph_exec_id is not None
+        media_abspath = get_exec_file_path(
+            execution_context.graph_exec_id, local_media_path
+        )
+
+        # 2) Load the clip
+        if input_data.is_video:
+            clip = VideoFileClip(media_abspath)
+        else:
+            clip = AudioFileClip(media_abspath)
+
+        yield "duration", clip.duration

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/blocks/video/loop.py

@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+"""LoopVideoBlock - Loop a video to a given duration or number of repeats."""
+
+import os
+from typing import Optional
+
+from moviepy.video.fx.Loop import Loop
+from moviepy.video.io.VideoFileClip import VideoFileClip
+
+from backend.data.block import (
+    Block,
+    BlockCategory,
+    BlockOutput,
+    BlockSchemaInput,
+    BlockSchemaOutput,
+)
+from backend.data.execution import ExecutionContext
+from backend.data.model import SchemaField
+from backend.util.file import MediaFileType, get_exec_file_path, store_media_file
+
+
+class LoopVideoBlock(Block):
+    """Loop (repeat) a video clip until a given duration or number of loops."""
+
+    class Input(BlockSchemaInput):
+        video_in: MediaFileType = SchemaField(
+            description="The input video (can be a URL, data URI, or local path)."
+        )
+        duration: Optional[float] = SchemaField(
+            description="Target duration (in seconds) to loop the video to. If omitted, defaults to no looping.",
+            default=None,
+            ge=0.0,
+        )
+        n_loops: Optional[int] = SchemaField(
+            description="Number of times to repeat the video. If omitted, defaults to 1 (no repeat).",
+            default=None,
+            ge=1,
+        )
+
+    class Output(BlockSchemaOutput):
+        video_out: str = SchemaField(
+            description="Looped video returned either as a relative path or a data URI."
+        )
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__(
+            id="8bf9eef6-5451-4213-b265-25306446e94b",
+            description="Block to loop a video to a given duration or number of repeats.",
+            categories={BlockCategory.MULTIMEDIA},
+            input_schema=LoopVideoBlock.Input,
+            output_schema=LoopVideoBlock.Output,
+        )
+
+    async def run(
+        self,
+        input_data: Input,
+        *,
+        execution_context: ExecutionContext,
+        **kwargs,
+    ) -> BlockOutput:
+        assert execution_context.graph_exec_id is not None
+        assert execution_context.node_exec_id is not None
+        graph_exec_id = execution_context.graph_exec_id
+        node_exec_id = execution_context.node_exec_id
+
+        # 1) Store the input video locally
+        local_video_path = await store_media_file(
+            file=input_data.video_in,
+            execution_context=execution_context,
+            return_format="for_local_processing",
+        )
+        input_abspath = get_exec_file_path(graph_exec_id, local_video_path)
+
+        # 2) Load the clip
+        clip = VideoFileClip(input_abspath)
+
+        # 3) Apply the loop effect
+        looped_clip = clip
+        if input_data.duration:
+            # Loop until we reach the specified duration
+            looped_clip = looped_clip.with_effects([Loop(duration=input_data.duration)])
+        elif input_data.n_loops:
+            looped_clip = looped_clip.with_effects([Loop(n=input_data.n_loops)])
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("Either 'duration' or 'n_loops' must be provided.")
+
+        assert isinstance(looped_clip, VideoFileClip)
+
+        # 4) Save the looped output
+        output_filename = MediaFileType(
+            f"{node_exec_id}_looped_{os.path.basename(local_video_path)}"
+        )
+        output_abspath = get_exec_file_path(graph_exec_id, output_filename)
+
+        looped_clip = looped_clip.with_audio(clip.audio)
+        looped_clip.write_videofile(output_abspath, codec="libx264", audio_codec="aac")
+
+        # Return output - for_block_output returns workspace:// if available, else data URI
+        video_out = await store_media_file(
+            file=output_filename,
+            execution_context=execution_context,
+            return_format="for_block_output",
+        )
+
+        yield "video_out", video_out

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/blocks/video/narration.py

@@ -0,0 +1,263 @@
+"""VideoNarrationBlock - Generate AI voice narration and add to video."""
+
+import os
+from typing import Literal
+
+from elevenlabs import ElevenLabs
+from moviepy import CompositeAudioClip
+from moviepy.audio.io.AudioFileClip import AudioFileClip
+from moviepy.video.io.VideoFileClip import VideoFileClip
+
+from backend.blocks.elevenlabs._auth import (
+    TEST_CREDENTIALS,
+    TEST_CREDENTIALS_INPUT,
+    ElevenLabsCredentials,
+    ElevenLabsCredentialsInput,
+)
+from backend.blocks.video._utils import get_video_codecs
+from backend.data.block import (
+    Block,
+    BlockCategory,
+    BlockOutput,
+    BlockSchemaInput,
+    BlockSchemaOutput,
+)
+from backend.data.execution import ExecutionContext
+from backend.data.model import CredentialsField, SchemaField
+from backend.util.exceptions import BlockExecutionError
+from backend.util.file import MediaFileType, get_exec_file_path, store_media_file
+
+
+class VideoNarrationBlock(Block):
+    """Generate AI narration and add to video."""
+
+    class Input(BlockSchemaInput):
+        credentials: ElevenLabsCredentialsInput = CredentialsField(
+            description="ElevenLabs API key for voice synthesis"
+        )
+        video_in: MediaFileType = SchemaField(
+            description="Input video (URL, data URI, or local path)"
+        )
+        script: str = SchemaField(description="Narration script text")
+        voice_id: str = SchemaField(
+            description="ElevenLabs voice ID", default="21m00Tcm4TlvDq8ikWAM"  # Rachel
+        )
+        model_id: Literal[
+            "eleven_multilingual_v2",
+            "eleven_flash_v2_5",
+            "eleven_turbo_v2_5",
+            "eleven_turbo_v2",
+        ] = SchemaField(
+            description="ElevenLabs TTS model",
+            default="eleven_multilingual_v2",
+        )
+        mix_mode: Literal["replace", "mix", "ducking"] = SchemaField(
+            description="How to combine with original audio. 'ducking' applies stronger attenuation than 'mix'.",
+            default="ducking",
+        )
+        narration_volume: float = SchemaField(
+            description="Narration volume (0.0 to 2.0)",
+            default=1.0,
+            ge=0.0,
+            le=2.0,
+            advanced=True,
+        )
+        original_volume: float = SchemaField(
+            description="Original audio volume when mixing (0.0 to 1.0)",
+            default=0.3,
+            ge=0.0,
+            le=1.0,
+            advanced=True,
+        )
+
+    class Output(BlockSchemaOutput):
+        video_out: MediaFileType = SchemaField(
+            description="Video with narration (path or data URI)"
+        )
+        audio_file: MediaFileType = SchemaField(
+            description="Generated audio file (path or data URI)"
+        )
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__(
+            id="3d036b53-859c-4b17-9826-ca340f736e0e",
+            description="Generate AI narration and add to video",
+            categories={BlockCategory.MULTIMEDIA, BlockCategory.AI},
+            input_schema=self.Input,
+            output_schema=self.Output,
+            test_input={
+                "video_in": "/tmp/test.mp4",
+                "script": "Hello world",
+                "credentials": TEST_CREDENTIALS_INPUT,
+            },
+            test_credentials=TEST_CREDENTIALS,
+            test_output=[("video_out", str), ("audio_file", str)],
+            test_mock={
+                "_generate_narration_audio": lambda *args: b"mock audio content",
+                "_add_narration_to_video": lambda *args: None,
+                "_store_input_video": lambda *args, **kwargs: "test.mp4",
+                "_store_output_video": lambda *args, **kwargs: "narrated_test.mp4",
+            },
+        )
+
+    async def _store_input_video(
+        self, execution_context: ExecutionContext, file: MediaFileType
+    ) -> MediaFileType:
+        """Store input video. Extracted for testability."""
+        return await store_media_file(
+            file=file,
+            execution_context=execution_context,
+            return_format="for_local_processing",
+        )
+
+    async def _store_output_video(
+        self, execution_context: ExecutionContext, file: MediaFileType
+    ) -> MediaFileType:
+        """Store output video. Extracted for testability."""
+        return await store_media_file(
+            file=file,
+            execution_context=execution_context,
+            return_format="for_block_output",
+        )
+
+    def _generate_narration_audio(
+        self, api_key: str, script: str, voice_id: str, model_id: str
+    ) -> bytes:
+        """Generate narration audio via ElevenLabs API."""
+        client = ElevenLabs(api_key=api_key)
+        audio_generator = client.text_to_speech.convert(
+            voice_id=voice_id,
+            text=script,
+            model_id=model_id,
+        )
+        # The SDK returns a generator, collect all chunks
+        return b"".join(audio_generator)
+
+    def _add_narration_to_video(
+        self,
+        video_abspath: str,
+        audio_abspath: str,
+        output_abspath: str,
+        mix_mode: str,
+        narration_volume: float,
+        original_volume: float,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Add narration audio to video. Extracted for testability."""
+        video = None
+        final = None
+        narration_original = None
+        narration_scaled = None
+        original = None
+
+        try:
+            video = VideoFileClip(video_abspath)
+            narration_original = AudioFileClip(audio_abspath)
+            narration_scaled = narration_original.with_volume_scaled(narration_volume)
+            narration = narration_scaled
+
+            if mix_mode == "replace":
+                final_audio = narration
+            elif mix_mode == "mix":
+                if video.audio:
+                    original = video.audio.with_volume_scaled(original_volume)
+                    final_audio = CompositeAudioClip([original, narration])
+                else:
+                    final_audio = narration
+            else:  # ducking - apply stronger attenuation
+                if video.audio:
+                    # Ducking uses a much lower volume for original audio
+                    ducking_volume = original_volume * 0.3
+                    original = video.audio.with_volume_scaled(ducking_volume)
+                    final_audio = CompositeAudioClip([original, narration])
+                else:
+                    final_audio = narration
+
+            final = video.with_audio(final_audio)
+            video_codec, audio_codec = get_video_codecs(output_abspath)
+            final.write_videofile(
+                output_abspath, codec=video_codec, audio_codec=audio_codec
+            )
+
+        finally:
+            if original:
+                original.close()
+            if narration_scaled:
+                narration_scaled.close()
+            if narration_original:
+                narration_original.close()
+            if final:
+                final.close()
+            if video:
+                video.close()
+
+    async def run(
+        self,
+        input_data: Input,
+        *,
+        credentials: ElevenLabsCredentials,
+        execution_context: ExecutionContext,
+        node_exec_id: str,
+        **kwargs,
+    ) -> BlockOutput:
+        try:
+            assert execution_context.graph_exec_id is not None
+
+            # Store the input video locally
+            local_video_path = await self._store_input_video(
+                execution_context, input_data.video_in
+            )
+            video_abspath = get_exec_file_path(
+                execution_context.graph_exec_id, local_video_path
+            )
+
+            # Generate narration audio via ElevenLabs
+            audio_content = self._generate_narration_audio(
+                credentials.api_key.get_secret_value(),
+                input_data.script,
+                input_data.voice_id,
+                input_data.model_id,
+            )
+
+            # Save audio to exec file path
+            audio_filename = MediaFileType(f"{node_exec_id}_narration.mp3")
+            audio_abspath = get_exec_file_path(
+                execution_context.graph_exec_id, audio_filename
+            )
+            os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(audio_abspath), exist_ok=True)
+            with open(audio_abspath, "wb") as f:
+                f.write(audio_content)
+
+            # Add narration to video
+            output_filename = MediaFileType(
+                f"{node_exec_id}_narrated_{os.path.basename(local_video_path)}"
+            )
+            output_abspath = get_exec_file_path(
+                execution_context.graph_exec_id, output_filename
+            )
+
+            self._add_narration_to_video(
+                video_abspath,
+                audio_abspath,
+                output_abspath,
+                input_data.mix_mode,
+                input_data.narration_volume,
+                input_data.original_volume,
+            )
+
+            # Return as workspace path or data URI based on context
+            video_out = await self._store_output_video(
+                execution_context, output_filename
+            )
+            audio_out = await self._store_output_video(
+                execution_context, audio_filename
+            )
+
+            yield "video_out", video_out
+            yield "audio_file", audio_out
+
+        except Exception as e:
+            raise BlockExecutionError(
+                message=f"Failed to add narration: {e}",
+                block_name=self.name,
+                block_id=str(self.id),
+            ) from e

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/blocks/video/text_overlay.py

@@ -0,0 +1,227 @@
+"""VideoTextOverlayBlock - Add text overlay to video."""
+
+import os
+from typing import Literal
+
+from moviepy import CompositeVideoClip, TextClip
+from moviepy.video.io.VideoFileClip import VideoFileClip
+
+from backend.blocks.video._utils import get_video_codecs
+from backend.data.block import (
+    Block,
+    BlockCategory,
+    BlockOutput,
+    BlockSchemaInput,
+    BlockSchemaOutput,
+)
+from backend.data.execution import ExecutionContext
+from backend.data.model import SchemaField
+from backend.util.exceptions import BlockExecutionError
+from backend.util.file import MediaFileType, get_exec_file_path, store_media_file
+
+
+class VideoTextOverlayBlock(Block):
+    """Add text overlay/caption to video."""
+
+    class Input(BlockSchemaInput):
+        video_in: MediaFileType = SchemaField(
+            description="Input video (URL, data URI, or local path)"
+        )
+        text: str = SchemaField(description="Text to overlay on video")
+        position: Literal[
+            "top",
+            "center",
+            "bottom",
+            "top-left",
+            "top-right",
+            "bottom-left",
+            "bottom-right",
+        ] = SchemaField(description="Position of text on screen", default="bottom")
+        start_time: float | None = SchemaField(
+            description="When to show text (seconds). None = entire video",
+            default=None,
+            advanced=True,
+        )
+        end_time: float | None = SchemaField(
+            description="When to hide text (seconds). None = until end",
+            default=None,
+            advanced=True,
+        )
+        font_size: int = SchemaField(
+            description="Font size", default=48, ge=12, le=200, advanced=True
+        )
+        font_color: str = SchemaField(
+            description="Font color (hex or name)", default="white", advanced=True
+        )
+        bg_color: str | None = SchemaField(
+            description="Background color behind text (None for transparent)",
+            default=None,
+            advanced=True,
+        )
+
+    class Output(BlockSchemaOutput):
+        video_out: MediaFileType = SchemaField(
+            description="Video with text overlay (path or data URI)"
+        )
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__(
+            id="8ef14de6-cc90-430a-8cfa-3a003be92454",
+            description="Add text overlay/caption to video",
+            categories={BlockCategory.MULTIMEDIA},
+            input_schema=self.Input,
+            output_schema=self.Output,
+            test_input={"video_in": "/tmp/test.mp4", "text": "Hello World"},
+            test_output=[("video_out", str)],
+            test_mock={
+                "_add_text_overlay": lambda *args: None,
+                "_store_input_video": lambda *args, **kwargs: "test.mp4",
+                "_store_output_video": lambda *args, **kwargs: "overlay_test.mp4",
+            },
+        )
+
+    async def _store_input_video(
+        self, execution_context: ExecutionContext, file: MediaFileType
+    ) -> MediaFileType:
+        """Store input video. Extracted for testability."""
+        return await store_media_file(
+            file=file,
+            execution_context=execution_context,
+            return_format="for_local_processing",
+        )
+
+    async def _store_output_video(
+        self, execution_context: ExecutionContext, file: MediaFileType
+    ) -> MediaFileType:
+        """Store output video. Extracted for testability."""
+        return await store_media_file(
+            file=file,
+            execution_context=execution_context,
+            return_format="for_block_output",
+        )
+
+    def _add_text_overlay(
+        self,
+        video_abspath: str,
+        output_abspath: str,
+        text: str,
+        position: str,
+        start_time: float | None,
+        end_time: float | None,
+        font_size: int,
+        font_color: str,
+        bg_color: str | None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Add text overlay to video. Extracted for testability."""
+        video = None
+        final = None
+        txt_clip = None
+        try:
+            video = VideoFileClip(video_abspath)
+
+            txt_clip = TextClip(
+                text=text,
+                font_size=font_size,
+                color=font_color,
+                bg_color=bg_color,
+            )
+
+            # Position mapping
+            pos_map = {
+                "top": ("center", "top"),
+                "center": ("center", "center"),
+                "bottom": ("center", "bottom"),
+                "top-left": ("left", "top"),
+                "top-right": ("right", "top"),
+                "bottom-left": ("left", "bottom"),
+                "bottom-right": ("right", "bottom"),
+            }
+
+            txt_clip = txt_clip.with_position(pos_map[position])
+
+            # Set timing
+            start = start_time or 0
+            end = end_time or video.duration
+            duration = max(0, end - start)
+            txt_clip = txt_clip.with_start(start).with_end(end).with_duration(duration)
+
+            final = CompositeVideoClip([video, txt_clip])
+            video_codec, audio_codec = get_video_codecs(output_abspath)
+            final.write_videofile(
+                output_abspath, codec=video_codec, audio_codec=audio_codec
+            )
+
+        finally:
+            if txt_clip:
+                txt_clip.close()
+            if final:
+                final.close()
+            if video:
+                video.close()
+
+    async def run(
+        self,
+        input_data: Input,
+        *,
+        execution_context: ExecutionContext,
+        node_exec_id: str,
+        **kwargs,
+    ) -> BlockOutput:
+        # Validate time range if both are provided
+        if (
+            input_data.start_time is not None
+            and input_data.end_time is not None
+            and input_data.end_time <= input_data.start_time
+        ):
+            raise BlockExecutionError(
+                message=f"end_time ({input_data.end_time}) must be greater than start_time ({input_data.start_time})",
+                block_name=self.name,
+                block_id=str(self.id),
+            )
+
+        try:
+            assert execution_context.graph_exec_id is not None
+
+            # Store the input video locally
+            local_video_path = await self._store_input_video(
+                execution_context, input_data.video_in
+            )
+            video_abspath = get_exec_file_path(
+                execution_context.graph_exec_id, local_video_path
+            )
+
+            # Build output path
+            output_filename = MediaFileType(
+                f"{node_exec_id}_overlay_{os.path.basename(local_video_path)}"
+            )
+            output_abspath = get_exec_file_path(
+                execution_context.graph_exec_id, output_filename
+            )
+
+            self._add_text_overlay(
+                video_abspath,
+                output_abspath,
+                input_data.text,
+                input_data.position,
+                input_data.start_time,
+                input_data.end_time,
+                input_data.font_size,
+                input_data.font_color,
+                input_data.bg_color,
+            )
+
+            # Return as workspace path or data URI based on context
+            video_out = await self._store_output_video(
+                execution_context, output_filename
+            )
+
+            yield "video_out", video_out
+
+        except BlockExecutionError:
+            raise
+        except Exception as e:
+            raise BlockExecutionError(
+                message=f"Failed to add text overlay: {e}",
+                block_name=self.name,
+                block_id=str(self.id),
+            ) from e

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/data/block_cost_config.py

@@ -36,12 +36,14 @@ from backend.blocks.replicate.replicate_block import ReplicateModelBlock
 from backend.blocks.smart_decision_maker import SmartDecisionMakerBlock
 from backend.blocks.talking_head import CreateTalkingAvatarVideoBlock
 from backend.blocks.text_to_speech_block import UnrealTextToSpeechBlock
+from backend.blocks.video.narration import VideoNarrationBlock
 from backend.data.block import Block, BlockCost, BlockCostType
 from backend.integrations.credentials_store import (
     aiml_api_credentials,
     anthropic_credentials,
     apollo_credentials,
     did_credentials,
+    elevenlabs_credentials,
     enrichlayer_credentials,
     groq_credentials,
     ideogram_credentials,
@@ -640,4 +642,16 @@ BLOCK_COSTS: dict[Type[Block], list[BlockCost]] = {
             },
         ),
     ],
+    VideoNarrationBlock: [
+        BlockCost(
+            cost_amount=5,  # ElevenLabs TTS cost
+            cost_filter={
+                "credentials": {
+                    "id": elevenlabs_credentials.id,
+                    "provider": elevenlabs_credentials.provider,
+                    "type": elevenlabs_credentials.type,
+                }
+            },
+        )
+    ],
 }

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/data/execution.py

@@ -83,12 +83,29 @@ class ExecutionContext(BaseModel):
 
     model_config = {"extra": "ignore"}
 
+    # Execution identity
+    user_id: Optional[str] = None
+    graph_id: Optional[str] = None
+    graph_exec_id: Optional[str] = None
+    graph_version: Optional[int] = None
+    node_id: Optional[str] = None
+    node_exec_id: Optional[str] = None
+
+    # Safety settings
     human_in_the_loop_safe_mode: bool = True
     sensitive_action_safe_mode: bool = False
+
+    # User settings
     user_timezone: str = "UTC"
+
+    # Execution hierarchy
     root_execution_id: Optional[str] = None
     parent_execution_id: Optional[str] = None
 
+    # Workspace
+    workspace_id: Optional[str] = None
+    session_id: Optional[str] = None
+
 
 # -------------------------- Models -------------------------- #
 

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/data/workspace.py

@@ -0,0 +1,276 @@
+"""
+Database CRUD operations for User Workspace.
+
+This module provides functions for managing user workspaces and workspace files.
+"""
+
+import logging
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from typing import Optional
+
+from prisma.models import UserWorkspace, UserWorkspaceFile
+from prisma.types import UserWorkspaceFileWhereInput
+
+from backend.util.json import SafeJson
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+async def get_or_create_workspace(user_id: str) -> UserWorkspace:
+    """
+    Get user's workspace, creating one if it doesn't exist.
+
+    Uses upsert to handle race conditions when multiple concurrent requests
+    attempt to create a workspace for the same user.
+
+    Args:
+        user_id: The user's ID
+
+    Returns:
+        UserWorkspace instance
+    """
+    workspace = await UserWorkspace.prisma().upsert(
+        where={"userId": user_id},
+        data={
+            "create": {"userId": user_id},
+            "update": {},  # No updates needed if exists
+        },
+    )
+
+    return workspace
+
+
+async def get_workspace(user_id: str) -> Optional[UserWorkspace]:
+    """
+    Get user's workspace if it exists.
+
+    Args:
+        user_id: The user's ID
+
+    Returns:
+        UserWorkspace instance or None
+    """
+    return await UserWorkspace.prisma().find_unique(where={"userId": user_id})
+
+
+async def create_workspace_file(
+    workspace_id: str,
+    file_id: str,
+    name: str,
+    path: str,
+    storage_path: str,
+    mime_type: str,
+    size_bytes: int,
+    checksum: Optional[str] = None,
+    metadata: Optional[dict] = None,
+) -> UserWorkspaceFile:
+    """
+    Create a new workspace file record.
+
+    Args:
+        workspace_id: The workspace ID
+        file_id: The file ID (same as used in storage path for consistency)
+        name: User-visible filename
+        path: Virtual path (e.g., "/documents/report.pdf")
+        storage_path: Actual storage path (GCS or local)
+        mime_type: MIME type of the file
+        size_bytes: File size in bytes
+        checksum: Optional SHA256 checksum
+        metadata: Optional additional metadata
+
+    Returns:
+        Created UserWorkspaceFile instance
+    """
+    # Normalize path to start with /
+    if not path.startswith("/"):
+        path = f"/{path}"
+
+    file = await UserWorkspaceFile.prisma().create(
+        data={
+            "id": file_id,
+            "workspaceId": workspace_id,
+            "name": name,
+            "path": path,
+            "storagePath": storage_path,
+            "mimeType": mime_type,
+            "sizeBytes": size_bytes,
+            "checksum": checksum,
+            "metadata": SafeJson(metadata or {}),
+        }
+    )
+
+    logger.info(
+        f"Created workspace file {file.id} at path {path} "
+        f"in workspace {workspace_id}"
+    )
+    return file
+
+
+async def get_workspace_file(
+    file_id: str,
+    workspace_id: Optional[str] = None,
+) -> Optional[UserWorkspaceFile]:
+    """
+    Get a workspace file by ID.
+
+    Args:
+        file_id: The file ID
+        workspace_id: Optional workspace ID for validation
+
+    Returns:
+        UserWorkspaceFile instance or None
+    """
+    where_clause: dict = {"id": file_id, "isDeleted": False}
+    if workspace_id:
+        where_clause["workspaceId"] = workspace_id
+
+    return await UserWorkspaceFile.prisma().find_first(where=where_clause)
+
+
+async def get_workspace_file_by_path(
+    workspace_id: str,
+    path: str,
+) -> Optional[UserWorkspaceFile]:
+    """
+    Get a workspace file by its virtual path.
+
+    Args:
+        workspace_id: The workspace ID
+        path: Virtual path
+
+    Returns:
+        UserWorkspaceFile instance or None
+    """
+    # Normalize path
+    if not path.startswith("/"):
+        path = f"/{path}"
+
+    return await UserWorkspaceFile.prisma().find_first(
+        where={
+            "workspaceId": workspace_id,
+            "path": path,
+            "isDeleted": False,
+        }
+    )
+
+
+async def list_workspace_files(
+    workspace_id: str,
+    path_prefix: Optional[str] = None,
+    include_deleted: bool = False,
+    limit: Optional[int] = None,
+    offset: int = 0,
+) -> list[UserWorkspaceFile]:
+    """
+    List files in a workspace.
+
+    Args:
+        workspace_id: The workspace ID
+        path_prefix: Optional path prefix to filter (e.g., "/documents/")
+        include_deleted: Whether to include soft-deleted files
+        limit: Maximum number of files to return
+        offset: Number of files to skip
+
+    Returns:
+        List of UserWorkspaceFile instances
+    """
+    where_clause: UserWorkspaceFileWhereInput = {"workspaceId": workspace_id}
+
+    if not include_deleted:
+        where_clause["isDeleted"] = False
+
+    if path_prefix:
+        # Normalize prefix
+        if not path_prefix.startswith("/"):
+            path_prefix = f"/{path_prefix}"
+        where_clause["path"] = {"startswith": path_prefix}
+
+    return await UserWorkspaceFile.prisma().find_many(
+        where=where_clause,
+        order={"createdAt": "desc"},
+        take=limit,
+        skip=offset,
+    )
+
+
+async def count_workspace_files(
+    workspace_id: str,
+    path_prefix: Optional[str] = None,
+    include_deleted: bool = False,
+) -> int:
+    """
+    Count files in a workspace.
+
+    Args:
+        workspace_id: The workspace ID
+        path_prefix: Optional path prefix to filter (e.g., "/sessions/abc123/")
+        include_deleted: Whether to include soft-deleted files
+
+    Returns:
+        Number of files
+    """
+    where_clause: dict = {"workspaceId": workspace_id}
+    if not include_deleted:
+        where_clause["isDeleted"] = False
+
+    if path_prefix:
+        # Normalize prefix
+        if not path_prefix.startswith("/"):
+            path_prefix = f"/{path_prefix}"
+        where_clause["path"] = {"startswith": path_prefix}
+
+    return await UserWorkspaceFile.prisma().count(where=where_clause)
+
+
+async def soft_delete_workspace_file(
+    file_id: str,
+    workspace_id: Optional[str] = None,
+) -> Optional[UserWorkspaceFile]:
+    """
+    Soft-delete a workspace file.
+
+    The path is modified to include a deletion timestamp to free up the original
+    path for new files while preserving the record for potential recovery.
+
+    Args:
+        file_id: The file ID
+        workspace_id: Optional workspace ID for validation
+
+    Returns:
+        Updated UserWorkspaceFile instance or None if not found
+    """
+    # First verify the file exists and belongs to workspace
+    file = await get_workspace_file(file_id, workspace_id)
+    if file is None:
+        return None
+
+    deleted_at = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+    # Modify path to free up the unique constraint for new files at original path
+    # Format: {original_path}__deleted__{timestamp}
+    deleted_path = f"{file.path}__deleted__{int(deleted_at.timestamp())}"
+
+    updated = await UserWorkspaceFile.prisma().update(
+        where={"id": file_id},
+        data={
+            "isDeleted": True,
+            "deletedAt": deleted_at,
+            "path": deleted_path,
+        },
+    )
+
+    logger.info(f"Soft-deleted workspace file {file_id}")
+    return updated
+
+
+async def get_workspace_total_size(workspace_id: str) -> int:
+    """
+    Get the total size of all files in a workspace.
+
+    Args:
+        workspace_id: The workspace ID
+
+    Returns:
+        Total size in bytes
+    """
+    files = await list_workspace_files(workspace_id)
+    return sum(file.sizeBytes for file in files)

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/executor/manager.py

@@ -236,7 +236,14 @@ async def execute_node(
     input_size = len(input_data_str)
     log_metadata.debug("Executed node with input", input=input_data_str)
 
+    # Create node-specific execution context to avoid race conditions
+    # (multiple nodes can execute concurrently and would otherwise mutate shared state)
+    execution_context = execution_context.model_copy(
+        update={"node_id": node_id, "node_exec_id": node_exec_id}
+    )
+
     # Inject extra execution arguments for the blocks via kwargs
+    # Keep individual kwargs for backwards compatibility with existing blocks
     extra_exec_kwargs: dict = {
         "graph_id": graph_id,
         "graph_version": graph_version,

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/executor/utils.py

@@ -892,11 +892,19 @@ async def add_graph_execution(
         settings = await gdb.get_graph_settings(user_id=user_id, graph_id=graph_id)
 
         execution_context = ExecutionContext(
+            # Execution identity
+            user_id=user_id,
+            graph_id=graph_id,
+            graph_exec_id=graph_exec.id,
+            graph_version=graph_exec.graph_version,
+            # Safety settings
             human_in_the_loop_safe_mode=settings.human_in_the_loop_safe_mode,
             sensitive_action_safe_mode=settings.sensitive_action_safe_mode,
+            # User settings
             user_timezone=(
                 user.timezone if user.timezone != USER_TIMEZONE_NOT_SET else "UTC"
             ),
+            # Execution hierarchy
             root_execution_id=graph_exec.id,
         )
 

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/executor/utils_test.py

@@ -348,6 +348,7 @@ async def test_add_graph_execution_is_repeatable(mocker: MockerFixture):
     mock_graph_exec.id = "execution-id-123"
     mock_graph_exec.node_executions = []  # Add this to avoid AttributeError
     mock_graph_exec.status = ExecutionStatus.QUEUED  # Required for race condition check
+    mock_graph_exec.graph_version = graph_version
     mock_graph_exec.to_graph_execution_entry.return_value = mocker.MagicMock()
 
     # Mock the queue and event bus
@@ -434,6 +435,9 @@ async def test_add_graph_execution_is_repeatable(mocker: MockerFixture):
     # Create a second mock execution for the sanity check
     mock_graph_exec_2 = mocker.MagicMock(spec=GraphExecutionWithNodes)
     mock_graph_exec_2.id = "execution-id-456"
+    mock_graph_exec_2.node_executions = []
+    mock_graph_exec_2.status = ExecutionStatus.QUEUED
+    mock_graph_exec_2.graph_version = graph_version
     mock_graph_exec_2.to_graph_execution_entry.return_value = mocker.MagicMock()
 
     # Reset mocks and set up for second call
@@ -614,6 +618,7 @@ async def test_add_graph_execution_with_nodes_to_skip(mocker: MockerFixture):
     mock_graph_exec.id = "execution-id-123"
     mock_graph_exec.node_executions = []
     mock_graph_exec.status = ExecutionStatus.QUEUED  # Required for race condition check
+    mock_graph_exec.graph_version = graph_version
 
     # Track what's passed to to_graph_execution_entry
     captured_kwargs = {}

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/integrations/credentials_store.py

@@ -224,6 +224,14 @@ openweathermap_credentials = APIKeyCredentials(
     expires_at=None,
 )
 
+elevenlabs_credentials = APIKeyCredentials(
+    id="f4a8b6c2-3d1e-4f5a-9b8c-7d6e5f4a3b2c",
+    provider="elevenlabs",
+    api_key=SecretStr(settings.secrets.elevenlabs_api_key),
+    title="Use Credits for ElevenLabs",
+    expires_at=None,
+)
+
 DEFAULT_CREDENTIALS = [
     ollama_credentials,
     revid_credentials,
@@ -252,6 +260,7 @@ DEFAULT_CREDENTIALS = [
     v0_credentials,
     webshare_proxy_credentials,
     openweathermap_credentials,
+    elevenlabs_credentials,
 ]
 
 SYSTEM_CREDENTIAL_IDS = {cred.id for cred in DEFAULT_CREDENTIALS}
@@ -366,6 +375,8 @@ class IntegrationCredentialsStore:
             all_credentials.append(webshare_proxy_credentials)
         if settings.secrets.openweathermap_api_key:
             all_credentials.append(openweathermap_credentials)
+        if settings.secrets.elevenlabs_api_key:
+            all_credentials.append(elevenlabs_credentials)
         return all_credentials
 
     async def get_creds_by_id(

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/integrations/providers.py

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ class ProviderName(str, Enum):
     DISCORD = "discord"
     D_ID = "d_id"
     E2B = "e2b"
+    ELEVENLABS = "elevenlabs"
     FAL = "fal"
     GITHUB = "github"
     GOOGLE = "google"

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/util/cloud_storage.py

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import aiohttp
 from gcloud.aio import storage as async_gcs_storage
 from google.cloud import storage as gcs_storage
 
+from backend.util.gcs_utils import download_with_fresh_session, generate_signed_url
 from backend.util.settings import Config
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
@@ -251,7 +252,7 @@ class CloudStorageHandler:
             f"in_task: {current_task is not None}"
         )
 
-        # Parse bucket and blob name from path
+        # Parse bucket and blob name from path (path already has gcs:// prefix removed)
         parts = path.split("/", 1)
         if len(parts) != 2:
             raise ValueError(f"Invalid GCS path: {path}")
@@ -261,50 +262,19 @@ class CloudStorageHandler:
         # Authorization check
         self._validate_file_access(blob_name, user_id, graph_exec_id)
 
-        # Use a fresh client for each download to avoid session issues
-        # This is less efficient but more reliable with the executor's event loop
-        logger.info("[CloudStorage] Creating fresh GCS client for download")
-
-        # Create a new session specifically for this download
-        session = aiohttp.ClientSession(
-            connector=aiohttp.TCPConnector(limit=10, force_close=True)
+        logger.info(
+            f"[CloudStorage] About to download from GCS - bucket: {bucket_name}, blob: {blob_name}"
         )
 
-        async_client = None
         try:
-            # Create a new GCS client with the fresh session
-            async_client = async_gcs_storage.Storage(session=session)
-
-            logger.info(
-                f"[CloudStorage] About to download from GCS - bucket: {bucket_name}, blob: {blob_name}"
-            )
-
-            # Download content using the fresh client
-            content = await async_client.download(bucket_name, blob_name)
+            content = await download_with_fresh_session(bucket_name, blob_name)
             logger.info(
                 f"[CloudStorage] GCS download successful - size: {len(content)} bytes"
             )
-
-            # Clean up
-            await async_client.close()
-            await session.close()
-
             return content
-
+        except FileNotFoundError:
+            raise
         except Exception as e:
-            # Always try to clean up
-            if async_client is not None:
-                try:
-                    await async_client.close()
-                except Exception as cleanup_error:
-                    logger.warning(
-                        f"[CloudStorage] Error closing GCS client: {cleanup_error}"
-                    )
-            try:
-                await session.close()
-            except Exception as cleanup_error:
-                logger.warning(f"[CloudStorage] Error closing session: {cleanup_error}")
-
             # Log the specific error for debugging
             logger.error(
                 f"[CloudStorage] GCS download failed - error: {str(e)}, "
@@ -319,10 +289,6 @@ class CloudStorageHandler:
                     f"current_task: {current_task}, "
                     f"bucket: {bucket_name}, blob: redacted for privacy"
                 )
-
-            # Convert gcloud-aio exceptions to standard ones
-            if "404" in str(e) or "Not Found" in str(e):
-                raise FileNotFoundError(f"File not found: gcs://{path}")
             raise
 
     def _validate_file_access(
@@ -445,8 +411,7 @@ class CloudStorageHandler:
         graph_exec_id: str | None = None,
     ) -> str:
         """Generate signed URL for GCS with authorization."""
-
-        # Parse bucket and blob name from path
+        # Parse bucket and blob name from path (path already has gcs:// prefix removed)
         parts = path.split("/", 1)
         if len(parts) != 2:
             raise ValueError(f"Invalid GCS path: {path}")
@@ -456,21 +421,11 @@ class CloudStorageHandler:
         # Authorization check
         self._validate_file_access(blob_name, user_id, graph_exec_id)
 
-        # Use sync client for signed URLs since gcloud-aio doesn't support them
         sync_client = self._get_sync_gcs_client()
-        bucket = sync_client.bucket(bucket_name)
-        blob = bucket.blob(blob_name)
-
-        # Generate signed URL asynchronously using sync client
-        url = await asyncio.to_thread(
-            blob.generate_signed_url,
-            version="v4",
-            expiration=datetime.now(timezone.utc) + timedelta(hours=expiration_hours),
-            method="GET",
+        return await generate_signed_url(
+            sync_client, bucket_name, blob_name, expiration_hours * 3600
         )
 
-        return url
-
     async def delete_expired_files(self, provider: str = "gcs") -> int:
         """
         Delete files that have passed their expiration time.

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/util/file.py

@@ -5,13 +5,26 @@ import shutil
 import tempfile
 import uuid
 from pathlib import Path
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Literal
 from urllib.parse import urlparse
 
 from backend.util.cloud_storage import get_cloud_storage_handler
 from backend.util.request import Requests
+from backend.util.settings import Config
 from backend.util.type import MediaFileType
 from backend.util.virus_scanner import scan_content_safe
 
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from backend.data.execution import ExecutionContext
+
+# Return format options for store_media_file
+# - "for_local_processing": Returns local file path - use with ffmpeg, MoviePy, PIL, etc.
+# - "for_external_api": Returns data URI (base64) - use when sending content to external APIs
+# - "for_block_output": Returns best format for output - workspace:// in CoPilot, data URI in graphs
+MediaReturnFormat = Literal[
+    "for_local_processing", "for_external_api", "for_block_output"
+]
+
 TEMP_DIR = Path(tempfile.gettempdir()).resolve()
 
 # Maximum filename length (conservative limit for most filesystems)
@@ -67,42 +80,56 @@ def clean_exec_files(graph_exec_id: str, file: str = "") -> None:
 
 
 async def store_media_file(
-    graph_exec_id: str,
     file: MediaFileType,
-    user_id: str,
-    return_content: bool = False,
+    execution_context: "ExecutionContext",
+    *,
+    return_format: MediaReturnFormat,
 ) -> MediaFileType:
     """
-    Safely handle 'file' (a data URI, a URL, or a local path relative to {temp}/exec_file/{exec_id}),
-    placing or verifying it under:
+    Safely handle 'file' (a data URI, a URL, a workspace:// reference, or a local path
+    relative to {temp}/exec_file/{exec_id}), placing or verifying it under:
         {tempdir}/exec_file/{exec_id}/...
 
-    If 'return_content=True', return a data URI (data:<mime>;base64,<content>).
-    Otherwise, returns the file media path relative to the exec_id folder.
+    For each MediaFileType input:
+    - Data URI: decode and store locally
+    - URL: download and store locally
+    - workspace:// reference: read from workspace, store locally
+    - Local path: verify it exists in exec_file directory
 
-    For each MediaFileType type:
-    - Data URI:
-      -> decode and store in a new random file in that folder
-    - URL:
-      -> download and store in that folder
-    - Local path:
-      -> interpret as relative to that folder; verify it exists
-         (no copying, as it's presumably already there).
-         We realpath-check so no symlink or '..' can escape the folder.
+    Return format options:
+    - "for_local_processing": Returns local file path - use with ffmpeg, MoviePy, PIL, etc.
+    - "for_external_api": Returns data URI (base64) - use when sending to external APIs
+    - "for_block_output": Returns best format for output - workspace:// in CoPilot, data URI in graphs
 
-
-    :param graph_exec_id:  The unique ID of the graph execution.
-    :param file:           Data URI, URL, or local (relative) path.
-    :param return_content: If True, return a data URI of the file content.
-                           If False, return the *relative* path inside the exec_id folder.
-    :return:               The requested result: data URI or relative path of the media.
+    :param file:               Data URI, URL, workspace://, or local (relative) path.
+    :param execution_context:  ExecutionContext with user_id, graph_exec_id, workspace_id.
+    :param return_format:      What to return: "for_local_processing", "for_external_api", or "for_block_output".
+    :return:                   The requested result based on return_format.
     """
+    # Extract values from execution_context
+    graph_exec_id = execution_context.graph_exec_id
+    user_id = execution_context.user_id
+
+    if not graph_exec_id:
+        raise ValueError("execution_context.graph_exec_id is required")
+    if not user_id:
+        raise ValueError("execution_context.user_id is required")
+
+    # Create workspace_manager if we have workspace_id (with session scoping)
+    # Import here to avoid circular import (file.py → workspace.py → data → blocks → file.py)
+    from backend.util.workspace import WorkspaceManager
+
+    workspace_manager: WorkspaceManager | None = None
+    if execution_context.workspace_id:
+        workspace_manager = WorkspaceManager(
+            user_id, execution_context.workspace_id, execution_context.session_id
+        )
     # Build base path
     base_path = Path(get_exec_file_path(graph_exec_id, ""))
     base_path.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
 
     # Security fix: Add disk space limits to prevent DoS
-    MAX_FILE_SIZE = 100 * 1024 * 1024  # 100MB per file
+    MAX_FILE_SIZE_BYTES = Config().max_file_size_mb * 1024 * 1024
     MAX_TOTAL_DISK_USAGE = 1024 * 1024 * 1024  # 1GB total per execution directory
 
     # Check total disk usage in base_path
@@ -142,9 +169,57 @@ async def store_media_file(
         """
         return str(absolute_path.relative_to(base))
 
-    # Check if this is a cloud storage path
+    # Get cloud storage handler for checking cloud paths
     cloud_storage = await get_cloud_storage_handler()
-    if cloud_storage.is_cloud_path(file):
+
+    # Track if the input came from workspace (don't re-save it)
+    is_from_workspace = file.startswith("workspace://")
+
+    # Check if this is a workspace file reference
+    if is_from_workspace:
+        if workspace_manager is None:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Workspace file reference requires workspace context. "
+                "This file type is only available in CoPilot sessions."
+            )
+
+        # Parse workspace reference
+        # workspace://abc123 - by file ID
+        # workspace:///path/to/file.txt - by virtual path
+        file_ref = file[12:]  # Remove "workspace://"
+
+        if file_ref.startswith("/"):
+            # Path reference
+            workspace_content = await workspace_manager.read_file(file_ref)
+            file_info = await workspace_manager.get_file_info_by_path(file_ref)
+            filename = sanitize_filename(
+                file_info.name if file_info else f"{uuid.uuid4()}.bin"
+            )
+        else:
+            # ID reference
+            workspace_content = await workspace_manager.read_file_by_id(file_ref)
+            file_info = await workspace_manager.get_file_info(file_ref)
+            filename = sanitize_filename(
+                file_info.name if file_info else f"{uuid.uuid4()}.bin"
+            )
+
+        try:
+            target_path = _ensure_inside_base(base_path / filename, base_path)
+        except OSError as e:
+            raise ValueError(f"Invalid file path '{filename}': {e}") from e
+
+        # Check file size limit
+        if len(workspace_content) > MAX_FILE_SIZE_BYTES:
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"File too large: {len(workspace_content)} bytes > {MAX_FILE_SIZE_BYTES} bytes"
+            )
+
+        # Virus scan the workspace content before writing locally
+        await scan_content_safe(workspace_content, filename=filename)
+        target_path.write_bytes(workspace_content)
+
+    # Check if this is a cloud storage path
+    elif cloud_storage.is_cloud_path(file):
         # Download from cloud storage and store locally
         cloud_content = await cloud_storage.retrieve_file(
             file, user_id=user_id, graph_exec_id=graph_exec_id
@@ -159,9 +234,9 @@ async def store_media_file(
             raise ValueError(f"Invalid file path '{filename}': {e}") from e
 
         # Check file size limit
-        if len(cloud_content) > MAX_FILE_SIZE:
+        if len(cloud_content) > MAX_FILE_SIZE_BYTES:
             raise ValueError(
-                f"File too large: {len(cloud_content)} bytes > {MAX_FILE_SIZE} bytes"
+                f"File too large: {len(cloud_content)} bytes > {MAX_FILE_SIZE_BYTES} bytes"
             )
 
         # Virus scan the cloud content before writing locally
@@ -189,9 +264,9 @@ async def store_media_file(
         content = base64.b64decode(b64_content)
 
         # Check file size limit
-        if len(content) > MAX_FILE_SIZE:
+        if len(content) > MAX_FILE_SIZE_BYTES:
             raise ValueError(
-                f"File too large: {len(content)} bytes > {MAX_FILE_SIZE} bytes"
+                f"File too large: {len(content)} bytes > {MAX_FILE_SIZE_BYTES} bytes"
             )
 
         # Virus scan the base64 content before writing
@@ -199,23 +274,31 @@ async def store_media_file(
         target_path.write_bytes(content)
 
     elif file.startswith(("http://", "https://")):
-        # URL
+        # URL - download first to get Content-Type header
+        resp = await Requests().get(file)
+
+        # Check file size limit
+        if len(resp.content) > MAX_FILE_SIZE_BYTES:
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"File too large: {len(resp.content)} bytes > {MAX_FILE_SIZE_BYTES} bytes"
+            )
+
+        # Extract filename from URL path
         parsed_url = urlparse(file)
         filename = sanitize_filename(Path(parsed_url.path).name or f"{uuid.uuid4()}")
+
+        # If filename lacks extension, add one from Content-Type header
+        if "." not in filename:
+            content_type = resp.headers.get("Content-Type", "").split(";")[0].strip()
+            if content_type:
+                ext = _extension_from_mime(content_type)
+                filename = f"{filename}{ext}"
+
         try:
             target_path = _ensure_inside_base(base_path / filename, base_path)
         except OSError as e:
             raise ValueError(f"Invalid file path '{filename}': {e}") from e
 
-        # Download and save
-        resp = await Requests().get(file)
-
-        # Check file size limit
-        if len(resp.content) > MAX_FILE_SIZE:
-            raise ValueError(
-                f"File too large: {len(resp.content)} bytes > {MAX_FILE_SIZE} bytes"
-            )
-
         # Virus scan the downloaded content before writing
         await scan_content_safe(resp.content, filename=filename)
         target_path.write_bytes(resp.content)
@@ -230,12 +313,44 @@ async def store_media_file(
         if not target_path.is_file():
             raise ValueError(f"Local file does not exist: {target_path}")
 
-    # Return result
-    if return_content:
-        return MediaFileType(_file_to_data_uri(target_path))
-    else:
+    # Return based on requested format
+    if return_format == "for_local_processing":
+        # Use when processing files locally with tools like ffmpeg, MoviePy, PIL
+        # Returns: relative path in exec_file directory (e.g., "image.png")
         return MediaFileType(_strip_base_prefix(target_path, base_path))
 
+    elif return_format == "for_external_api":
+        # Use when sending content to external APIs that need base64
+        # Returns: data URI (e.g., "data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0...")
+        return MediaFileType(_file_to_data_uri(target_path))
+
+    elif return_format == "for_block_output":
+        # Use when returning output from a block to user/next block
+        # Returns: workspace:// ref (CoPilot) or data URI (graph execution)
+        if workspace_manager is None:
+            # No workspace available (graph execution without CoPilot)
+            # Fallback to data URI so the content can still be used/displayed
+            return MediaFileType(_file_to_data_uri(target_path))
+
+        # Don't re-save if input was already from workspace
+        if is_from_workspace:
+            # Return original workspace reference
+            return MediaFileType(file)
+
+        # Save new content to workspace
+        content = target_path.read_bytes()
+        filename = target_path.name
+
+        file_record = await workspace_manager.write_file(
+            content=content,
+            filename=filename,
+            overwrite=True,
+        )
+        return MediaFileType(f"workspace://{file_record.id}")
+
+    else:
+        raise ValueError(f"Invalid return_format: {return_format}")
+
 
 def get_dir_size(path: Path) -> int:
     """Get total size of directory."""

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/util/file_test.py

@@ -7,10 +7,22 @@ from unittest.mock import AsyncMock, MagicMock, patch
 
 import pytest
 
+from backend.data.execution import ExecutionContext
 from backend.util.file import store_media_file
 from backend.util.type import MediaFileType
 
 
+def make_test_context(
+    graph_exec_id: str = "test-exec-123",
+    user_id: str = "test-user-123",
+) -> ExecutionContext:
+    """Helper to create test ExecutionContext."""
+    return ExecutionContext(
+        user_id=user_id,
+        graph_exec_id=graph_exec_id,
+    )
+
+
 class TestFileCloudIntegration:
     """Test cases for cloud storage integration in file utilities."""
 
@@ -70,10 +82,9 @@ class TestFileCloudIntegration:
             mock_path_class.side_effect = path_constructor
 
             result = await store_media_file(
-                graph_exec_id,
-                MediaFileType(cloud_path),
-                "test-user-123",
-                return_content=False,
+                file=MediaFileType(cloud_path),
+                execution_context=make_test_context(graph_exec_id=graph_exec_id),
+                return_format="for_local_processing",
             )
 
             # Verify cloud storage operations
@@ -144,10 +155,9 @@ class TestFileCloudIntegration:
             mock_path_obj.name = "image.png"
             with patch("backend.util.file.Path", return_value=mock_path_obj):
                 result = await store_media_file(
-                    graph_exec_id,
-                    MediaFileType(cloud_path),
-                    "test-user-123",
-                    return_content=True,
+                    file=MediaFileType(cloud_path),
+                    execution_context=make_test_context(graph_exec_id=graph_exec_id),
+                    return_format="for_external_api",
                 )
 
             # Verify result is a data URI
@@ -198,10 +208,9 @@ class TestFileCloudIntegration:
             mock_resolved_path.relative_to.return_value = Path("test-uuid-789.txt")
 
             await store_media_file(
-                graph_exec_id,
-                MediaFileType(data_uri),
-                "test-user-123",
-                return_content=False,
+                file=MediaFileType(data_uri),
+                execution_context=make_test_context(graph_exec_id=graph_exec_id),
+                return_format="for_local_processing",
             )
 
             # Verify cloud handler was checked but not used for retrieval
@@ -234,5 +243,7 @@ class TestFileCloudIntegration:
                 FileNotFoundError, match="File not found in cloud storage"
             ):
                 await store_media_file(
-                    graph_exec_id, MediaFileType(cloud_path), "test-user-123"
+                    file=MediaFileType(cloud_path),
+                    execution_context=make_test_context(graph_exec_id=graph_exec_id),
+                    return_format="for_local_processing",
                 )

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/util/gcs_utils.py

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+"""
+Shared GCS utilities for workspace and cloud storage backends.
+
+This module provides common functionality for working with Google Cloud Storage,
+including path parsing, client management, and signed URL generation.
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import logging
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
+
+import aiohttp
+from gcloud.aio import storage as async_gcs_storage
+from google.cloud import storage as gcs_storage
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def parse_gcs_path(path: str) -> tuple[str, str]:
+    """
+    Parse a GCS path in the format 'gcs://bucket/blob' to (bucket, blob).
+
+    Args:
+        path: GCS path string (e.g., "gcs://my-bucket/path/to/file")
+
+    Returns:
+        Tuple of (bucket_name, blob_name)
+
+    Raises:
+        ValueError: If the path format is invalid
+    """
+    if not path.startswith("gcs://"):
+        raise ValueError(f"Invalid GCS path: {path}")
+
+    path_without_prefix = path[6:]  # Remove "gcs://"
+    parts = path_without_prefix.split("/", 1)
+    if len(parts) != 2:
+        raise ValueError(f"Invalid GCS path format: {path}")
+
+    return parts[0], parts[1]
+
+
+async def download_with_fresh_session(bucket: str, blob: str) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Download file content using a fresh session.
+
+    This approach avoids event loop issues that can occur when reusing
+    sessions across different async contexts (e.g., in executors).
+
+    Args:
+        bucket: GCS bucket name
+        blob: Blob path within the bucket
+
+    Returns:
+        File content as bytes
+
+    Raises:
+        FileNotFoundError: If the file doesn't exist
+    """
+    session = aiohttp.ClientSession(
+        connector=aiohttp.TCPConnector(limit=10, force_close=True)
+    )
+    client: async_gcs_storage.Storage | None = None
+    try:
+        client = async_gcs_storage.Storage(session=session)
+        content = await client.download(bucket, blob)
+        return content
+    except Exception as e:
+        if "404" in str(e) or "Not Found" in str(e):
+            raise FileNotFoundError(f"File not found: gcs://{bucket}/{blob}")
+        raise
+    finally:
+        if client:
+            try:
+                await client.close()
+            except Exception:
+                pass  # Best-effort cleanup
+        await session.close()
+
+
+async def generate_signed_url(
+    sync_client: gcs_storage.Client,
+    bucket_name: str,
+    blob_name: str,
+    expires_in: int,
+) -> str:
+    """
+    Generate a signed URL for temporary access to a GCS file.
+
+    Uses asyncio.to_thread() to run the sync operation without blocking.
+
+    Args:
+        sync_client: Sync GCS client with service account credentials
+        bucket_name: GCS bucket name
+        blob_name: Blob path within the bucket
+        expires_in: URL expiration time in seconds
+
+    Returns:
+        Signed URL string
+    """
+    bucket = sync_client.bucket(bucket_name)
+    blob = bucket.blob(blob_name)
+    return await asyncio.to_thread(
+        blob.generate_signed_url,
+        version="v4",
+        expiration=datetime.now(timezone.utc) + timedelta(seconds=expires_in),
+        method="GET",
+    )

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/util/settings.py

@@ -263,6 +263,12 @@ class Config(UpdateTrackingModel["Config"], BaseSettings):
         description="The name of the Google Cloud Storage bucket for media files",
     )
 
+    workspace_storage_dir: str = Field(
+        default="",
+        description="Local directory for workspace file storage when GCS is not configured. "
+        "If empty, defaults to {app_data}/workspaces. Used for self-hosted deployments.",
+    )
+
     reddit_user_agent: str = Field(
         default="web:AutoGPT:v0.6.0 (by /u/autogpt)",
         description="The user agent for the Reddit API",
@@ -389,6 +395,13 @@ class Config(UpdateTrackingModel["Config"], BaseSettings):
         description="Maximum file size in MB for file uploads (1-1024 MB)",
     )
 
+    max_file_size_mb: int = Field(
+        default=100,
+        ge=1,
+        le=1024,
+        description="Maximum file size in MB for workspace files (1-1024 MB)",
+    )
+
     # AutoMod configuration
     automod_enabled: bool = Field(
         default=False,
@@ -643,6 +656,7 @@ class Secrets(UpdateTrackingModel["Secrets"], BaseSettings):
     e2b_api_key: str = Field(default="", description="E2B API key")
     nvidia_api_key: str = Field(default="", description="Nvidia API key")
     mem0_api_key: str = Field(default="", description="Mem0 API key")
+    elevenlabs_api_key: str = Field(default="", description="ElevenLabs API key")
 
     linear_client_id: str = Field(default="", description="Linear client ID")
     linear_client_secret: str = Field(default="", description="Linear client secret")

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/util/test.py

@@ -140,14 +140,29 @@ async def execute_block_test(block: Block):
             setattr(block, mock_name, mock_obj)
 
     # Populate credentials argument(s)
+    # Generate IDs for execution context
+    graph_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
+    node_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
+    graph_exec_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
+    node_exec_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
+    user_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
+    graph_version = 1  # Default version for tests
+
     extra_exec_kwargs: dict = {
-        "graph_id": str(uuid.uuid4()),
-        "node_id": str(uuid.uuid4()),
-        "graph_exec_id": str(uuid.uuid4()),
-        "node_exec_id": str(uuid.uuid4()),
-        "user_id": str(uuid.uuid4()),
-        "graph_version": 1,  # Default version for tests
-        "execution_context": ExecutionContext(),
+        "graph_id": graph_id,
+        "node_id": node_id,
+        "graph_exec_id": graph_exec_id,
+        "node_exec_id": node_exec_id,
+        "user_id": user_id,
+        "graph_version": graph_version,
+        "execution_context": ExecutionContext(
+            user_id=user_id,
+            graph_id=graph_id,
+            graph_exec_id=graph_exec_id,
+            graph_version=graph_version,
+            node_id=node_id,
+            node_exec_id=node_exec_id,
+        ),
     }
     input_model = cast(type[BlockSchema], block.input_schema)
 

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/util/workspace.py

@@ -0,0 +1,419 @@
+"""
+WorkspaceManager for managing user workspace file operations.
+
+This module provides a high-level interface for workspace file operations,
+combining the storage backend and database layer.
+"""
+
+import logging
+import mimetypes
+import uuid
+from typing import Optional
+
+from prisma.errors import UniqueViolationError
+from prisma.models import UserWorkspaceFile
+
+from backend.data.workspace import (
+    count_workspace_files,
+    create_workspace_file,
+    get_workspace_file,
+    get_workspace_file_by_path,
+    list_workspace_files,
+    soft_delete_workspace_file,
+)
+from backend.util.settings import Config
+from backend.util.workspace_storage import compute_file_checksum, get_workspace_storage
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class WorkspaceManager:
+    """
+    Manages workspace file operations.
+
+    Combines storage backend operations with database record management.
+    Supports session-scoped file segmentation where files are stored in
+    session-specific virtual paths: /sessions/{session_id}/{filename}
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, user_id: str, workspace_id: str, session_id: Optional[str] = None
+    ):
+        """
+        Initialize WorkspaceManager.
+
+        Args:
+            user_id: The user's ID
+            workspace_id: The workspace ID
+            session_id: Optional session ID for session-scoped file access
+        """
+        self.user_id = user_id
+        self.workspace_id = workspace_id
+        self.session_id = session_id
+        # Session path prefix for file isolation
+        self.session_path = f"/sessions/{session_id}" if session_id else ""
+
+    def _resolve_path(self, path: str) -> str:
+        """
+        Resolve a path, defaulting to session folder if session_id is set.
+
+        Cross-session access is allowed by explicitly using /sessions/other-session-id/...
+
+        Args:
+            path: Virtual path (e.g., "/file.txt" or "/sessions/abc123/file.txt")
+
+        Returns:
+            Resolved path with session prefix if applicable
+        """
+        # If path explicitly references a session folder, use it as-is
+        if path.startswith("/sessions/"):
+            return path
+
+        # If we have a session context, prepend session path
+        if self.session_path:
+            # Normalize the path
+            if not path.startswith("/"):
+                path = f"/{path}"
+            return f"{self.session_path}{path}"
+
+        # No session context, use path as-is
+        return path if path.startswith("/") else f"/{path}"
+
+    def _get_effective_path(
+        self, path: Optional[str], include_all_sessions: bool
+    ) -> Optional[str]:
+        """
+        Get effective path for list/count operations based on session context.
+
+        Args:
+            path: Optional path prefix to filter
+            include_all_sessions: If True, don't apply session scoping
+
+        Returns:
+            Effective path prefix for database query
+        """
+        if include_all_sessions:
+            # Normalize path to ensure leading slash (stored paths are normalized)
+            if path is not None and not path.startswith("/"):
+                return f"/{path}"
+            return path
+        elif path is not None:
+            # Resolve the provided path with session scoping
+            return self._resolve_path(path)
+        elif self.session_path:
+            # Default to session folder with trailing slash to prevent prefix collisions
+            # e.g., "/sessions/abc" should not match "/sessions/abc123"
+            return self.session_path.rstrip("/") + "/"
+        else:
+            # No session context, use path as-is
+            return path
+
+    async def read_file(self, path: str) -> bytes:
+        """
+        Read file from workspace by virtual path.
+
+        When session_id is set, paths are resolved relative to the session folder
+        unless they explicitly reference /sessions/...
+
+        Args:
+            path: Virtual path (e.g., "/documents/report.pdf")
+
+        Returns:
+            File content as bytes
+
+        Raises:
+            FileNotFoundError: If file doesn't exist
+        """
+        resolved_path = self._resolve_path(path)
+        file = await get_workspace_file_by_path(self.workspace_id, resolved_path)
+        if file is None:
+            raise FileNotFoundError(f"File not found at path: {resolved_path}")
+
+        storage = await get_workspace_storage()
+        return await storage.retrieve(file.storagePath)
+
+    async def read_file_by_id(self, file_id: str) -> bytes:
+        """
+        Read file from workspace by file ID.
+
+        Args:
+            file_id: The file's ID
+
+        Returns:
+            File content as bytes
+
+        Raises:
+            FileNotFoundError: If file doesn't exist
+        """
+        file = await get_workspace_file(file_id, self.workspace_id)
+        if file is None:
+            raise FileNotFoundError(f"File not found: {file_id}")
+
+        storage = await get_workspace_storage()
+        return await storage.retrieve(file.storagePath)
+
+    async def write_file(
+        self,
+        content: bytes,
+        filename: str,
+        path: Optional[str] = None,
+        mime_type: Optional[str] = None,
+        overwrite: bool = False,
+    ) -> UserWorkspaceFile:
+        """
+        Write file to workspace.
+
+        When session_id is set, files are written to /sessions/{session_id}/...
+        by default. Use explicit /sessions/... paths for cross-session access.
+
+        Args:
+            content: File content as bytes
+            filename: Filename for the file
+            path: Virtual path (defaults to "/{filename}", session-scoped if session_id set)
+            mime_type: MIME type (auto-detected if not provided)
+            overwrite: Whether to overwrite existing file at path
+
+        Returns:
+            Created UserWorkspaceFile instance
+
+        Raises:
+            ValueError: If file exceeds size limit or path already exists
+        """
+        # Enforce file size limit
+        max_file_size = Config().max_file_size_mb * 1024 * 1024
+        if len(content) > max_file_size:
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"File too large: {len(content)} bytes exceeds "
+                f"{Config().max_file_size_mb}MB limit"
+            )
+
+        # Determine path with session scoping
+        if path is None:
+            path = f"/{filename}"
+        elif not path.startswith("/"):
+            path = f"/{path}"
+
+        # Resolve path with session prefix
+        path = self._resolve_path(path)
+
+        # Check if file exists at path (only error for non-overwrite case)
+        # For overwrite=True, we let the write proceed and handle via UniqueViolationError
+        # This ensures the new file is written to storage BEFORE the old one is deleted,
+        # preventing data loss if the new write fails
+        if not overwrite:
+            existing = await get_workspace_file_by_path(self.workspace_id, path)
+            if existing is not None:
+                raise ValueError(f"File already exists at path: {path}")
+
+        # Auto-detect MIME type if not provided
+        if mime_type is None:
+            mime_type, _ = mimetypes.guess_type(filename)
+            mime_type = mime_type or "application/octet-stream"
+
+        # Compute checksum
+        checksum = compute_file_checksum(content)
+
+        # Generate unique file ID for storage
+        file_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
+
+        # Store file in storage backend
+        storage = await get_workspace_storage()
+        storage_path = await storage.store(
+            workspace_id=self.workspace_id,
+            file_id=file_id,
+            filename=filename,
+            content=content,
+        )
+
+        # Create database record - handle race condition where another request
+        # created a file at the same path between our check and create
+        try:
+            file = await create_workspace_file(
+                workspace_id=self.workspace_id,
+                file_id=file_id,
+                name=filename,
+                path=path,
+                storage_path=storage_path,
+                mime_type=mime_type,
+                size_bytes=len(content),
+                checksum=checksum,
+            )
+        except UniqueViolationError:
+            # Race condition: another request created a file at this path
+            if overwrite:
+                # Re-fetch and delete the conflicting file, then retry
+                existing = await get_workspace_file_by_path(self.workspace_id, path)
+                if existing:
+                    await self.delete_file(existing.id)
+                # Retry the create - if this also fails, clean up storage file
+                try:
+                    file = await create_workspace_file(
+                        workspace_id=self.workspace_id,
+                        file_id=file_id,
+                        name=filename,
+                        path=path,
+                        storage_path=storage_path,
+                        mime_type=mime_type,
+                        size_bytes=len(content),
+                        checksum=checksum,
+                    )
+                except Exception:
+                    # Clean up orphaned storage file on retry failure
+                    try:
+                        await storage.delete(storage_path)
+                    except Exception as e:
+                        logger.warning(f"Failed to clean up orphaned storage file: {e}")
+                    raise
+            else:
+                # Clean up the orphaned storage file before raising
+                try:
+                    await storage.delete(storage_path)
+                except Exception as e:
+                    logger.warning(f"Failed to clean up orphaned storage file: {e}")
+                raise ValueError(f"File already exists at path: {path}")
+        except Exception:
+            # Any other database error (connection, validation, etc.) - clean up storage
+            try:
+                await storage.delete(storage_path)
+            except Exception as e:
+                logger.warning(f"Failed to clean up orphaned storage file: {e}")
+            raise
+
+        logger.info(
+            f"Wrote file {file.id} ({filename}) to workspace {self.workspace_id} "
+            f"at path {path}, size={len(content)} bytes"
+        )
+
+        return file
+
+    async def list_files(
+        self,
+        path: Optional[str] = None,
+        limit: Optional[int] = None,
+        offset: int = 0,
+        include_all_sessions: bool = False,
+    ) -> list[UserWorkspaceFile]:
+        """
+        List files in workspace.
+
+        When session_id is set and include_all_sessions is False (default),
+        only files in the current session's folder are listed.
+
+        Args:
+            path: Optional path prefix to filter (e.g., "/documents/")
+            limit: Maximum number of files to return
+            offset: Number of files to skip
+            include_all_sessions: If True, list files from all sessions.
+                                  If False (default), only list current session's files.
+
+        Returns:
+            List of UserWorkspaceFile instances
+        """
+        effective_path = self._get_effective_path(path, include_all_sessions)
+
+        return await list_workspace_files(
+            workspace_id=self.workspace_id,
+            path_prefix=effective_path,
+            limit=limit,
+            offset=offset,
+        )
+
+    async def delete_file(self, file_id: str) -> bool:
+        """
+        Delete a file (soft-delete).
+
+        Args:
+            file_id: The file's ID
+
+        Returns:
+            True if deleted, False if not found
+        """
+        file = await get_workspace_file(file_id, self.workspace_id)
+        if file is None:
+            return False
+
+        # Delete from storage
+        storage = await get_workspace_storage()
+        try:
+            await storage.delete(file.storagePath)
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.warning(f"Failed to delete file from storage: {e}")
+            # Continue with database soft-delete even if storage delete fails
+
+        # Soft-delete database record
+        result = await soft_delete_workspace_file(file_id, self.workspace_id)
+        return result is not None
+
+    async def get_download_url(self, file_id: str, expires_in: int = 3600) -> str:
+        """
+        Get download URL for a file.
+
+        Args:
+            file_id: The file's ID
+            expires_in: URL expiration in seconds (default 1 hour)
+
+        Returns:
+            Download URL (signed URL for GCS, API endpoint for local)
+
+        Raises:
+            FileNotFoundError: If file doesn't exist
+        """
+        file = await get_workspace_file(file_id, self.workspace_id)
+        if file is None:
+            raise FileNotFoundError(f"File not found: {file_id}")
+
+        storage = await get_workspace_storage()
+        return await storage.get_download_url(file.storagePath, expires_in)
+
+    async def get_file_info(self, file_id: str) -> Optional[UserWorkspaceFile]:
+        """
+        Get file metadata.
+
+        Args:
+            file_id: The file's ID
+
+        Returns:
+            UserWorkspaceFile instance or None
+        """
+        return await get_workspace_file(file_id, self.workspace_id)
+
+    async def get_file_info_by_path(self, path: str) -> Optional[UserWorkspaceFile]:
+        """
+        Get file metadata by path.
+
+        When session_id is set, paths are resolved relative to the session folder
+        unless they explicitly reference /sessions/...
+
+        Args:
+            path: Virtual path
+
+        Returns:
+            UserWorkspaceFile instance or None
+        """
+        resolved_path = self._resolve_path(path)
+        return await get_workspace_file_by_path(self.workspace_id, resolved_path)
+
+    async def get_file_count(
+        self,
+        path: Optional[str] = None,
+        include_all_sessions: bool = False,
+    ) -> int:
+        """
+        Get number of files in workspace.
+
+        When session_id is set and include_all_sessions is False (default),
+        only counts files in the current session's folder.
+
+        Args:
+            path: Optional path prefix to filter (e.g., "/documents/")
+            include_all_sessions: If True, count all files in workspace.
+                                  If False (default), only count current session's files.
+
+        Returns:
+            Number of files
+        """
+        effective_path = self._get_effective_path(path, include_all_sessions)
+
+        return await count_workspace_files(
+            self.workspace_id, path_prefix=effective_path
+        )

autogpt_platform/backend/backend/util/workspace_storage.py

@@ -0,0 +1,398 @@
+"""
+Workspace storage backend abstraction for supporting both cloud and local deployments.
+
+This module provides a unified interface for storing workspace files, with implementations
+for Google Cloud Storage (cloud deployments) and local filesystem (self-hosted deployments).
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import hashlib
+import logging
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Optional
+
+import aiofiles
+import aiohttp
+from gcloud.aio import storage as async_gcs_storage
+from google.cloud import storage as gcs_storage
+
+from backend.util.data import get_data_path
+from backend.util.gcs_utils import (
+    download_with_fresh_session,
+    generate_signed_url,
+    parse_gcs_path,
+)
+from backend.util.settings import Config
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class WorkspaceStorageBackend(ABC):
+    """Abstract interface for workspace file storage."""
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    async def store(
+        self,
+        workspace_id: str,
+        file_id: str,
+        filename: str,
+        content: bytes,
+    ) -> str:
+        """
+        Store file content, return storage path.
+
+        Args:
+            workspace_id: The workspace ID
+            file_id: Unique file ID for storage
+            filename: Original filename
+            content: File content as bytes
+
+        Returns:
+            Storage path string (cloud path or local path)
+        """
+        pass
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    async def retrieve(self, storage_path: str) -> bytes:
+        """
+        Retrieve file content from storage.
+
+        Args:
+            storage_path: The storage path returned from store()
+
+        Returns:
+            File content as bytes
+        """
+        pass
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    async def delete(self, storage_path: str) -> None:
+        """
+        Delete file from storage.
+
+        Args:
+            storage_path: The storage path to delete
+        """
+        pass
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    async def get_download_url(self, storage_path: str, expires_in: int = 3600) -> str:
+        """
+        Get URL for downloading the file.
+
+        Args:
+            storage_path: The storage path
+            expires_in: URL expiration time in seconds (default 1 hour)
+
+        Returns:
+            Download URL (signed URL for GCS, direct API path for local)
+        """
+        pass
+
+
+class GCSWorkspaceStorage(WorkspaceStorageBackend):
+    """Google Cloud Storage implementation for workspace storage."""
+
+    def __init__(self, bucket_name: str):
+        self.bucket_name = bucket_name
+        self._async_client: Optional[async_gcs_storage.Storage] = None
+        self._sync_client: Optional[gcs_storage.Client] = None
+        self._session: Optional[aiohttp.ClientSession] = None
+
+    async def _get_async_client(self) -> async_gcs_storage.Storage:
+        """Get or create async GCS client."""
+        if self._async_client is None:
+            self._session = aiohttp.ClientSession(
+                connector=aiohttp.TCPConnector(limit=100, force_close=False)
+            )
+            self._async_client = async_gcs_storage.Storage(session=self._session)
+        return self._async_client
+
+    def _get_sync_client(self) -> gcs_storage.Client:
+        """Get or create sync GCS client (for signed URLs)."""
+        if self._sync_client is None:
+            self._sync_client = gcs_storage.Client()
+        return self._sync_client
+
+    async def close(self) -> None:
+        """Close all client connections."""
+        if self._async_client is not None:
+            try:
+                await self._async_client.close()
+            except Exception as e:
+                logger.warning(f"Error closing GCS client: {e}")
+            self._async_client = None
+
+        if self._session is not None:
+            try:
+                await self._session.close()
+            except Exception as e:
+                logger.warning(f"Error closing session: {e}")
+            self._session = None
+
+    def _build_blob_name(self, workspace_id: str, file_id: str, filename: str) -> str:
+        """Build the blob path for workspace files."""
+        return f"workspaces/{workspace_id}/{file_id}/{filename}"
+
+    async def store(
+        self,
+        workspace_id: str,
+        file_id: str,
+        filename: str,
+        content: bytes,
+    ) -> str:
+        """Store file in GCS."""
+        client = await self._get_async_client()
+        blob_name = self._build_blob_name(workspace_id, file_id, filename)
+
+        # Upload with metadata
+        upload_time = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+        await client.upload(
+            self.bucket_name,
+            blob_name,
+            content,
+            metadata={
+                "uploaded_at": upload_time.isoformat(),
+                "workspace_id": workspace_id,
+                "file_id": file_id,
+            },
+        )
+
+        return f"gcs://{self.bucket_name}/{blob_name}"
+
+    async def retrieve(self, storage_path: str) -> bytes:
+        """Retrieve file from GCS."""
+        bucket_name, blob_name = parse_gcs_path(storage_path)
+        return await download_with_fresh_session(bucket_name, blob_name)
+
+    async def delete(self, storage_path: str) -> None:
+        """Delete file from GCS."""
+        bucket_name, blob_name = parse_gcs_path(storage_path)
+        client = await self._get_async_client()
+
+        try:
+            await client.delete(bucket_name, blob_name)
+        except Exception as e:
+            if "404" not in str(e) and "Not Found" not in str(e):
+                raise
+            # File already deleted, that's fine
+
+    async def get_download_url(self, storage_path: str, expires_in: int = 3600) -> str:
+        """
+        Generate download URL for GCS file.
+
+        Attempts to generate a signed URL if running with service account credentials.
+        Falls back to an API proxy endpoint if signed URL generation fails
+        (e.g., when running locally with user OAuth credentials).
+        """
+        bucket_name, blob_name = parse_gcs_path(storage_path)
+
+        # Extract file_id from blob_name for fallback: workspaces/{workspace_id}/{file_id}/{filename}
+        blob_parts = blob_name.split("/")
+        file_id = blob_parts[2] if len(blob_parts) >= 3 else None
+
+        # Try to generate signed URL (requires service account credentials)
+        try:
+            sync_client = self._get_sync_client()
+            return await generate_signed_url(
+                sync_client, bucket_name, blob_name, expires_in
+            )
+        except AttributeError as e:
+            # Signed URL generation requires service account with private key.
+            # When running with user OAuth credentials, fall back to API proxy.
+            if "private key" in str(e) and file_id:
+                logger.debug(
+                    "Cannot generate signed URL (no service account credentials), "
+                    "falling back to API proxy endpoint"
+                )
+                return f"/api/workspace/files/{file_id}/download"
+            raise
+
+
+class LocalWorkspaceStorage(WorkspaceStorageBackend):
+    """Local filesystem implementation for workspace storage (self-hosted deployments)."""
+
+    def __init__(self, base_dir: Optional[str] = None):
+        """
+        Initialize local storage backend.
+
+        Args:
+            base_dir: Base directory for workspace storage.
+                     If None, defaults to {app_data}/workspaces
+        """
+        if base_dir:
+            self.base_dir = Path(base_dir)
+        else:
+            self.base_dir = Path(get_data_path()) / "workspaces"
+
+        # Ensure base directory exists
+        self.base_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+
+    def _build_file_path(self, workspace_id: str, file_id: str, filename: str) -> Path:
+        """Build the local file path with path traversal protection."""
+        # Import here to avoid circular import
+        # (file.py imports workspace.py which imports workspace_storage.py)
+        from backend.util.file import sanitize_filename
+
+        # Sanitize filename to prevent path traversal (removes / and \ among others)
+        safe_filename = sanitize_filename(filename)
+        file_path = (self.base_dir / workspace_id / file_id / safe_filename).resolve()
+
+        # Verify the resolved path is still under base_dir
+        if not file_path.is_relative_to(self.base_dir.resolve()):
+            raise ValueError("Invalid filename: path traversal detected")
+
+        return file_path
+
+    def _parse_storage_path(self, storage_path: str) -> Path:
+        """Parse local storage path to filesystem path."""
+        if storage_path.startswith("local://"):
+            relative_path = storage_path[8:]  # Remove "local://"
+        else:
+            relative_path = storage_path
+
+        full_path = (self.base_dir / relative_path).resolve()
+
+        # Security check: ensure path is under base_dir
+        # Use is_relative_to() for robust path containment check
+        # (handles case-insensitive filesystems and edge cases)
+        if not full_path.is_relative_to(self.base_dir.resolve()):
+            raise ValueError("Invalid storage path: path traversal detected")
+
+        return full_path
+
+    async def store(
+        self,
+        workspace_id: str,
+        file_id: str,
+        filename: str,
+        content: bytes,
+    ) -> str:
+        """Store file locally."""
+        file_path = self._build_file_path(workspace_id, file_id, filename)
+
+        # Create parent directories
+        file_path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+
+        # Write file asynchronously
+        async with aiofiles.open(file_path, "wb") as f:
+            await f.write(content)
+
+        # Return relative path as storage path
+        relative_path = file_path.relative_to(self.base_dir)
+        return f"local://{relative_path}"
+
+    async def retrieve(self, storage_path: str) -> bytes:
+        """Retrieve file from local storage."""
+        file_path = self._parse_storage_path(storage_path)
+
+        if not file_path.exists():
+            raise FileNotFoundError(f"File not found: {storage_path}")
+
+        async with aiofiles.open(file_path, "rb") as f:
+            return await f.read()
+
+    async def delete(self, storage_path: str) -> None:
+        """Delete file from local storage."""
+        file_path = self._parse_storage_path(storage_path)
+
+        if file_path.exists():
+            # Remove file
+            file_path.unlink()
+
+            # Clean up empty parent directories
+            parent = file_path.parent
+            while parent != self.base_dir:
+                try:
+                    if parent.exists() and not any(parent.iterdir()):
+                        parent.rmdir()
+                    else:
+                        break
+                except OSError:
+                    break
+                parent = parent.parent
+
+    async def get_download_url(self, storage_path: str, expires_in: int = 3600) -> str:
+        """
+        Get download URL for local file.
+
+        For local storage, this returns an API endpoint path.
+        The actual serving is handled by the API layer.
+        """
+        # Parse the storage path to get the components
+        if storage_path.startswith("local://"):
+            relative_path = storage_path[8:]
+        else:
+            relative_path = storage_path
+
+        # Return the API endpoint for downloading
+        # The file_id is extracted from the path: {workspace_id}/{file_id}/{filename}
+        parts = relative_path.split("/")
+        if len(parts) >= 2:
+            file_id = parts[1]  # Second component is file_id
+            return f"/api/workspace/files/{file_id}/download"
+        else:
+            raise ValueError(f"Invalid storage path format: {storage_path}")
+
+
+# Global storage backend instance
+_workspace_storage: Optional[WorkspaceStorageBackend] = None
+_storage_lock = asyncio.Lock()
+
+
+async def get_workspace_storage() -> WorkspaceStorageBackend:
+    """
+    Get the workspace storage backend instance.
+
+    Uses GCS if media_gcs_bucket_name is configured, otherwise uses local storage.
+    """
+    global _workspace_storage
+
+    if _workspace_storage is None:
+        async with _storage_lock:
+            if _workspace_storage is None:
+                config = Config()
+
+                if config.media_gcs_bucket_name:
+                    logger.info(
+                        f"Using GCS workspace storage: {config.media_gcs_bucket_name}"
+                    )
+                    _workspace_storage = GCSWorkspaceStorage(
+                        config.media_gcs_bucket_name
+                    )
+                else:
+                    storage_dir = (
+                        config.workspace_storage_dir
+                        if config.workspace_storage_dir
+                        else None
+                    )
+                    logger.info(
+                        f"Using local workspace storage: {storage_dir or 'default'}"
+                    )
+                    _workspace_storage = LocalWorkspaceStorage(storage_dir)
+
+    return _workspace_storage
+
+
+async def shutdown_workspace_storage() -> None:
+    """
+    Properly shutdown the global workspace storage backend.
+
+    Closes aiohttp sessions and other resources for GCS backend.
+    Should be called during application shutdown.
+    """
+    global _workspace_storage
+
+    if _workspace_storage is not None:
+        async with _storage_lock:
+            if _workspace_storage is not None:
+                if isinstance(_workspace_storage, GCSWorkspaceStorage):
+                    await _workspace_storage.close()
+                _workspace_storage = None
+
+
+def compute_file_checksum(content: bytes) -> str:
+    """Compute SHA256 checksum of file content."""
+    return hashlib.sha256(content).hexdigest()

autogpt_platform/backend/migrations/20260127230419_add_user_workspace/migration.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+-- CreateEnum
+CREATE TYPE "WorkspaceFileSource" AS ENUM ('UPLOAD', 'EXECUTION', 'COPILOT', 'IMPORT');
+
+-- CreateTable
+CREATE TABLE "UserWorkspace" (
+    "id" TEXT NOT NULL,
+    "createdAt" TIMESTAMP(3) NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+    "updatedAt" TIMESTAMP(3) NOT NULL,
+    "userId" TEXT NOT NULL,
+
+    CONSTRAINT "UserWorkspace_pkey" PRIMARY KEY ("id")
+);
+
+-- CreateTable
+CREATE TABLE "UserWorkspaceFile" (
+    "id" TEXT NOT NULL,
+    "createdAt" TIMESTAMP(3) NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+    "updatedAt" TIMESTAMP(3) NOT NULL,
+    "workspaceId" TEXT NOT NULL,
+    "name" TEXT NOT NULL,
+    "path" TEXT NOT NULL,
+    "storagePath" TEXT NOT NULL,
+    "mimeType" TEXT NOT NULL,
+    "sizeBytes" BIGINT NOT NULL,
+    "checksum" TEXT,
+    "isDeleted" BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT false,
+    "deletedAt" TIMESTAMP(3),
+    "source" "WorkspaceFileSource" NOT NULL DEFAULT 'UPLOAD',
+    "sourceExecId" TEXT,
+    "sourceSessionId" TEXT,
+    "metadata" JSONB NOT NULL DEFAULT '{}',
+
+    CONSTRAINT "UserWorkspaceFile_pkey" PRIMARY KEY ("id")
+);
+
+-- CreateIndex
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX "UserWorkspace_userId_key" ON "UserWorkspace"("userId");
+
+-- CreateIndex
+CREATE INDEX "UserWorkspace_userId_idx" ON "UserWorkspace"("userId");
+
+-- CreateIndex
+CREATE INDEX "UserWorkspaceFile_workspaceId_isDeleted_idx" ON "UserWorkspaceFile"("workspaceId", "isDeleted");
+
+-- CreateIndex
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX "UserWorkspaceFile_workspaceId_path_key" ON "UserWorkspaceFile"("workspaceId", "path");
+
+-- AddForeignKey
+ALTER TABLE "UserWorkspace" ADD CONSTRAINT "UserWorkspace_userId_fkey" FOREIGN KEY ("userId") REFERENCES "User"("id") ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE;
+
+-- AddForeignKey
+ALTER TABLE "UserWorkspaceFile" ADD CONSTRAINT "UserWorkspaceFile_workspaceId_fkey" FOREIGN KEY ("workspaceId") REFERENCES "UserWorkspace"("id") ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE;

autogpt_platform/backend/migrations/20260129011611_remove_workspace_file_source/migration.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+/*
+  Warnings:
+
+  - You are about to drop the column `source` on the `UserWorkspaceFile` table. All the data in the column will be lost.
+  - You are about to drop the column `sourceExecId` on the `UserWorkspaceFile` table. All the data in the column will be lost.
+  - You are about to drop the column `sourceSessionId` on the `UserWorkspaceFile` table. All the data in the column will be lost.
+
+*/
+
+-- AlterTable
+ALTER TABLE "UserWorkspaceFile" DROP COLUMN "source",
+DROP COLUMN "sourceExecId",
+DROP COLUMN "sourceSessionId";
+
+-- DropEnum
+DROP TYPE "WorkspaceFileSource";

autogpt_platform/backend/poetry.lock

@@ -1169,6 +1169,29 @@ attrs = ">=21.3.0"
 e2b = ">=1.5.4,<2.0.0"
 httpx = ">=0.20.0,<1.0.0"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "elevenlabs"
+version = "1.59.0"
+description = ""
+optional = false
+python-versions = "<4.0,>=3.8"
+groups = ["main"]
+files = [
+    {file = "elevenlabs-1.59.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:468145db81a0bc867708b4a8619699f75583e9481b395ec1339d0b443da771ed"},
+    {file = "elevenlabs-1.59.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:16e735bd594e86d415dd445d249c8cc28b09996cfd627fbc10102c0a84698859"},
+]
+
+[package.dependencies]
+httpx = ">=0.21.2"
+pydantic = ">=1.9.2"
+pydantic-core = ">=2.18.2,<3.0.0"
+requests = ">=2.20"
+typing_extensions = ">=4.0.0"
+websockets = ">=11.0"
+
+[package.extras]
+pyaudio = ["pyaudio (>=0.2.14)"]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "email-validator"
 version = "2.2.0"
@@ -7361,6 +7384,28 @@ files = [
 defusedxml = ">=0.7.1,<0.8.0"
 requests = "*"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "yt-dlp"
+version = "2025.12.8"
+description = "A feature-rich command-line audio/video downloader"
+optional = false
+python-versions = ">=3.10"
+groups = ["main"]
+files = [
+    {file = "yt_dlp-2025.12.8-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:36e2584342e409cfbfa0b5e61448a1c5189e345cf4564294456ee509e7d3e065"},
+    {file = "yt_dlp-2025.12.8.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:b773c81bb6b71cb2c111cfb859f453c7a71cf2ef44eff234ff155877184c3e4f"},
+]
+
+[package.extras]
+build = ["build", "hatchling (>=1.27.0)", "pip", "setuptools (>=71.0.2)", "wheel"]
+curl-cffi = ["curl-cffi (>=0.5.10,<0.6.dev0 || >=0.10.dev0,<0.14) ; implementation_name == \"cpython\""]
+default = ["brotli ; implementation_name == \"cpython\"", "brotlicffi ; implementation_name != \"cpython\"", "certifi", "mutagen", "pycryptodomex", "requests (>=2.32.2,<3)", "urllib3 (>=2.0.2,<3)", "websockets (>=13.0)", "yt-dlp-ejs (==0.3.2)"]
+dev = ["autopep8 (>=2.0,<3.0)", "pre-commit", "pytest (>=8.1,<9.0)", "pytest-rerunfailures (>=14.0,<15.0)", "ruff (>=0.14.0,<0.15.0)"]
+pyinstaller = ["pyinstaller (>=6.17.0)"]
+secretstorage = ["cffi", "secretstorage"]
+static-analysis = ["autopep8 (>=2.0,<3.0)", "ruff (>=0.14.0,<0.15.0)"]
+test = ["pytest (>=8.1,<9.0)", "pytest-rerunfailures (>=14.0,<15.0)"]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "zerobouncesdk"
 version = "1.1.2"
@@ -7512,4 +7557,4 @@ cffi = ["cffi (>=1.11)"]
 [metadata]
 lock-version = "2.1"
 python-versions = ">=3.10,<3.14"
-content-hash = "ee5742dc1a9df50dfc06d4b26a1682cbb2b25cab6b79ce5625ec272f93e4f4bf"
+content-hash = "8239323f9ae6713224dffd1fe8ba8b449fe88b6c3c7a90940294a74f43a0387a"

autogpt_platform/backend/pyproject.toml

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ click = "^8.2.0"
 cryptography = "^45.0"
 discord-py = "^2.5.2"
 e2b-code-interpreter = "^1.5.2"
+elevenlabs = "^1.50.0"
 fastapi = "^0.116.1"
 feedparser = "^6.0.11"
 flake8 = "^7.3.0"
@@ -71,6 +72,7 @@ tweepy = "^4.16.0"
 uvicorn = { extras = ["standard"], version = "^0.35.0" }
 websockets = "^15.0"
 youtube-transcript-api = "^1.2.1"
+yt-dlp = "2025.12.08"
 zerobouncesdk = "^1.1.2"
 # NOTE: please insert new dependencies in their alphabetical location
 pytest-snapshot = "^0.9.0"

autogpt_platform/backend/schema.prisma

@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@ model User {
   IntegrationWebhooks   IntegrationWebhook[]
   NotificationBatches   UserNotificationBatch[]
   PendingHumanReviews   PendingHumanReview[]
+  Workspace             UserWorkspace?
 
   // OAuth Provider relations
   OAuthApplications       OAuthApplication[]
@@ -137,6 +138,53 @@ model CoPilotUnderstanding {
   @@index([userId])
 }
 
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+////////////////   USER WORKSPACE TABLES   /////////////////
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+// User's persistent file storage workspace
+model UserWorkspace {
+  id        String   @id @default(uuid())
+  createdAt DateTime @default(now())
+  updatedAt DateTime @updatedAt
+
+  userId String @unique
+  User   User   @relation(fields: [userId], references: [id], onDelete: Cascade)
+
+  Files UserWorkspaceFile[]
+
+  @@index([userId])
+}
+
+// Individual files in a user's workspace
+model UserWorkspaceFile {
+  id        String   @id @default(uuid())
+  createdAt DateTime @default(now())
+  updatedAt DateTime @updatedAt
+
+  workspaceId String
+  Workspace   UserWorkspace @relation(fields: [workspaceId], references: [id], onDelete: Cascade)
+
+  // File metadata
+  name        String // User-visible filename
+  path        String // Virtual path (e.g., "/documents/report.pdf")
+  storagePath String // Actual GCS or local storage path
+  mimeType    String
+  sizeBytes   BigInt
+  checksum    String? // SHA256 for integrity
+
+  // File state
+  isDeleted Boolean   @default(false)
+  deletedAt DateTime?
+
+  metadata Json @default("{}")
+
+  @@unique([workspaceId, path])
+  @@index([workspaceId, isDeleted])
+}
+
 model BuilderSearchHistory {
   id        String   @id @default(uuid())
   createdAt DateTime @default(now())

autogpt_platform/backend/test/agent_generator/test_service.py

@@ -151,15 +151,20 @@ class TestDecomposeGoalExternal:
     @pytest.mark.asyncio
     async def test_decompose_goal_handles_http_error(self):
         """Test decomposition handles HTTP errors gracefully."""
+        mock_response = MagicMock()
+        mock_response.status_code = 500
         mock_client = AsyncMock()
         mock_client.post.side_effect = httpx.HTTPStatusError(
-            "Server error", request=MagicMock(), response=MagicMock()
+            "Server error", request=MagicMock(), response=mock_response
         )
 
         with patch.object(service, "_get_client", return_value=mock_client):
             result = await service.decompose_goal_external("Build a chatbot")
 
-        assert result is None
+        assert result is not None
+        assert result.get("type") == "error"
+        assert result.get("error_type") == "http_error"
+        assert "Server error" in result.get("error", "")
 
     @pytest.mark.asyncio
     async def test_decompose_goal_handles_request_error(self):
@@ -170,7 +175,10 @@ class TestDecomposeGoalExternal:
         with patch.object(service, "_get_client", return_value=mock_client):
             result = await service.decompose_goal_external("Build a chatbot")
 
-        assert result is None
+        assert result is not None
+        assert result.get("type") == "error"
+        assert result.get("error_type") == "connection_error"
+        assert "Connection failed" in result.get("error", "")
 
     @pytest.mark.asyncio
     async def test_decompose_goal_handles_service_error(self):
@@ -179,6 +187,7 @@ class TestDecomposeGoalExternal:
         mock_response.json.return_value = {
             "success": False,
             "error": "Internal error",
+            "error_type": "internal_error",
         }
         mock_response.raise_for_status = MagicMock()
 
@@ -188,7 +197,10 @@ class TestDecomposeGoalExternal:
         with patch.object(service, "_get_client", return_value=mock_client):
             result = await service.decompose_goal_external("Build a chatbot")
 
-        assert result is None
+        assert result is not None
+        assert result.get("type") == "error"
+        assert result.get("error") == "Internal error"
+        assert result.get("error_type") == "internal_error"
 
 
 class TestGenerateAgentExternal:
@@ -236,7 +248,10 @@ class TestGenerateAgentExternal:
         with patch.object(service, "_get_client", return_value=mock_client):
             result = await service.generate_agent_external({"steps": []})
 
-        assert result is None
+        assert result is not None
+        assert result.get("type") == "error"
+        assert result.get("error_type") == "connection_error"
+        assert "Connection failed" in result.get("error", "")
 
 
 class TestGenerateAgentPatchExternal:

autogpt_platform/frontend/.env.default

@@ -34,3 +34,6 @@ NEXT_PUBLIC_PREVIEW_STEALING_DEV=
 # PostHog Analytics
 NEXT_PUBLIC_POSTHOG_KEY=
 NEXT_PUBLIC_POSTHOG_HOST=https://eu.i.posthog.com
+
+# OpenAI (for voice transcription)
+OPENAI_API_KEY=

autogpt_platform/frontend/CLAUDE.md

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+# CLAUDE.md - Frontend
+
+This file provides guidance to Claude Code when working with the frontend.
+
+## Essential Commands
+
+```bash
+# Install dependencies
+pnpm i
+
+# Generate API client from OpenAPI spec
+pnpm generate:api
+
+# Start development server
+pnpm dev
+
+# Run E2E tests
+pnpm test
+
+# Run Storybook for component development
+pnpm storybook
+
+# Build production
+pnpm build
+
+# Format and lint
+pnpm format
+
+# Type checking
+pnpm types
+```
+
+### Code Style
+
+- Fully capitalize acronyms in symbols, e.g. `graphID`, `useBackendAPI`
+- Use function declarations (not arrow functions) for components/handlers
+
+## Architecture
+
+- **Framework**: Next.js 15 App Router (client-first approach)
+- **Data Fetching**: Type-safe generated API hooks via Orval + React Query
+- **State Management**: React Query for server state, co-located UI state in components/hooks
+- **Component Structure**: Separate render logic (`.tsx`) from business logic (`use*.ts` hooks)
+- **Workflow Builder**: Visual graph editor using @xyflow/react
+- **UI Components**: shadcn/ui (Radix UI primitives) with Tailwind CSS styling
+- **Icons**: Phosphor Icons only
+- **Feature Flags**: LaunchDarkly integration
+- **Error Handling**: ErrorCard for render errors, toast for mutations, Sentry for exceptions
+- **Testing**: Playwright for E2E, Storybook for component development
+
+## Environment Configuration
+
+`.env.default` (defaults) → `.env` (user overrides)
+
+## Feature Development
+
+See @CONTRIBUTING.md for complete patterns. Quick reference:
+
+1. **Pages**: Create in `src/app/(platform)/feature-name/page.tsx`
+   - Extract component logic into custom hooks grouped by concern, not by component. Each hook should represent a cohesive domain of functionality (e.g., useSearch, useFilters, usePagination) rather than bundling all state into one useComponentState hook.
+     - Put each hook in its own `.ts` file
+   - Put sub-components in local `components/` folder
+   - Component props should be `type Props = { ... }` (not exported) unless it needs to be used outside the component
+2. **Components**: Structure as `ComponentName/ComponentName.tsx` + `useComponentName.ts` + `helpers.ts`
+   - Use design system components from `src/components/` (atoms, molecules, organisms)
+   - Never use `src/components/__legacy__/*`
+3. **Data fetching**: Use generated API hooks from `@/app/api/__generated__/endpoints/`
+   - Regenerate with `pnpm generate:api`
+   - Pattern: `use{Method}{Version}{OperationName}`
+4. **Styling**: Tailwind CSS only, use design tokens, Phosphor Icons only
+5. **Testing**: Add Storybook stories for new components, Playwright for E2E
+6. **Code conventions**:
+   - Use function declarations (not arrow functions) for components/handlers
+   - Do not use `useCallback` or `useMemo` unless asked to optimise a given function
+   - Do not type hook returns, let Typescript infer as much as possible
+   - Never type with `any` unless a variable/attribute can ACTUALLY be of any type

autogpt_platform/frontend/src/app/(platform)/copilot/components/CopilotShell/components/SessionsList/useSessionsPagination.ts

@@ -73,9 +73,9 @@ export function useSessionsPagination({ enabled }: UseSessionsPaginationArgs) {
   };
 
   const reset = () => {
+    // Only reset the offset - keep existing sessions visible during refetch
+    // The effect will replace sessions when new data arrives at offset 0
     setOffset(0);
-    setAccumulatedSessions([]);
-    setTotalCount(null);
   };
 
   return {

autogpt_platform/frontend/src/app/api/openapi.json

@@ -5912,6 +5912,40 @@
         }
       }
     },
+    "/api/workspace/files/{file_id}/download": {
+      "get": {
+        "tags": ["workspace"],
+        "summary": "Download file by ID",
+        "description": "Download a file by its ID.\n\nReturns the file content directly or redirects to a signed URL for GCS.",
+        "operationId": "getWorkspaceDownload file by id",
+        "security": [{ "HTTPBearerJWT": [] }],
+        "parameters": [
+          {
+            "name": "file_id",
+            "in": "path",
+            "required": true,
+            "schema": { "type": "string", "title": "File Id" }
+          }
+        ],
+        "responses": {
+          "200": {
+            "description": "Successful Response",
+            "content": { "application/json": { "schema": {} } }
+          },
+          "401": {
+            "$ref": "#/components/responses/HTTP401NotAuthenticatedError"
+          },
+          "422": {
+            "description": "Validation Error",
+            "content": {
+              "application/json": {
+                "schema": { "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError" }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    },
     "/health": {
       "get": {
         "tags": ["health"],

autogpt_platform/frontend/src/app/api/proxy/[...path]/route.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import {
   ApiError,
+  getServerAuthToken,
   makeAuthenticatedFileUpload,
   makeAuthenticatedRequest,
 } from "@/lib/autogpt-server-api/helpers";
@@ -15,6 +16,69 @@ function buildBackendUrl(path: string[], queryString: string): string {
   return `${environment.getAGPTServerBaseUrl()}/${backendPath}${queryString}`;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Check if this is a workspace file download request that needs binary response handling.
+ */
+function isWorkspaceDownloadRequest(path: string[]): boolean {
+  // Match pattern: api/workspace/files/{id}/download (5 segments)
+  return (
+    path.length == 5 &&
+    path[0] === "api" &&
+    path[1] === "workspace" &&
+    path[2] === "files" &&
+    path[path.length - 1] === "download"
+  );
+}
+
+/**
+ * Handle workspace file download requests with proper binary response streaming.
+ */
+async function handleWorkspaceDownload(
+  req: NextRequest,
+  backendUrl: string,
+): Promise<NextResponse> {
+  const token = await getServerAuthToken();
+
+  const headers: Record<string, string> = {};
+  if (token && token !== "no-token-found") {
+    headers["Authorization"] = `Bearer ${token}`;
+  }
+
+  const response = await fetch(backendUrl, {
+    method: "GET",
+    headers,
+    redirect: "follow", // Follow redirects to signed URLs
+  });
+
+  if (!response.ok) {
+    return NextResponse.json(
+      { error: `Failed to download file: ${response.statusText}` },
+      { status: response.status },
+    );
+  }
+
+  // Get the content type from the backend response
+  const contentType =
+    response.headers.get("Content-Type") || "application/octet-stream";
+  const contentDisposition = response.headers.get("Content-Disposition");
+
+  // Stream the response body
+  const responseHeaders: Record<string, string> = {
+    "Content-Type": contentType,
+  };
+
+  if (contentDisposition) {
+    responseHeaders["Content-Disposition"] = contentDisposition;
+  }
+
+  // Return the binary content
+  const arrayBuffer = await response.arrayBuffer();
+  return new NextResponse(arrayBuffer, {
+    status: 200,
+    headers: responseHeaders,
+  });
+}
+
 async function handleJsonRequest(
   req: NextRequest,
   method: string,
@@ -180,6 +244,11 @@ async function handler(
   };
 
   try {
+    // Handle workspace file downloads separately (binary response)
+    if (method === "GET" && isWorkspaceDownloadRequest(path)) {
+      return await handleWorkspaceDownload(req, backendUrl);
+    }
+
     if (method === "GET" || method === "DELETE") {
       responseBody = await handleGetDeleteRequest(method, backendUrl, req);
     } else if (contentType?.includes("application/json")) {

autogpt_platform/frontend/src/app/api/transcribe/route.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+import { getServerAuthToken } from "@/lib/autogpt-server-api/helpers";
+import { NextRequest, NextResponse } from "next/server";
+
+const WHISPER_API_URL = "https://api.openai.com/v1/audio/transcriptions";
+const MAX_FILE_SIZE = 25 * 1024 * 1024; // 25MB - Whisper's limit
+
+function getExtensionFromMimeType(mimeType: string): string {
+  const subtype = mimeType.split("/")[1]?.split(";")[0];
+  return subtype || "webm";
+}
+
+export async function POST(request: NextRequest) {
+  const token = await getServerAuthToken();
+
+  if (!token || token === "no-token-found") {
+    return NextResponse.json({ error: "Unauthorized" }, { status: 401 });
+  }
+
+  const apiKey = process.env.OPENAI_API_KEY;
+
+  if (!apiKey) {
+    return NextResponse.json(
+      { error: "OpenAI API key not configured" },
+      { status: 401 },
+    );
+  }
+
+  try {
+    const formData = await request.formData();
+    const audioFile = formData.get("audio");
+
+    if (!audioFile || !(audioFile instanceof Blob)) {
+      return NextResponse.json(
+        { error: "No audio file provided" },
+        { status: 400 },
+      );
+    }
+
+    if (audioFile.size > MAX_FILE_SIZE) {
+      return NextResponse.json(
+        { error: "File too large. Maximum size is 25MB." },
+        { status: 413 },
+      );
+    }
+
+    const ext = getExtensionFromMimeType(audioFile.type);
+    const whisperFormData = new FormData();
+    whisperFormData.append("file", audioFile, `recording.${ext}`);
+    whisperFormData.append("model", "whisper-1");
+
+    const response = await fetch(WHISPER_API_URL, {
+      method: "POST",
+      headers: {
+        Authorization: `Bearer ${apiKey}`,
+      },
+      body: whisperFormData,
+    });
+
+    if (!response.ok) {
+      const errorData = await response.json().catch(() => ({}));
+      console.error("Whisper API error:", errorData);
+      return NextResponse.json(
+        { error: errorData.error?.message || "Transcription failed" },
+        { status: response.status },
+      );
+    }
+
+    const result = await response.json();
+    return NextResponse.json({ text: result.text });
+  } catch (error) {
+    console.error("Transcription error:", error);
+    return NextResponse.json(
+      { error: "Failed to process audio" },
+      { status: 500 },
+    );
+  }
+}

autogpt_platform/frontend/src/components/contextual/Chat/components/ChatInput/ChatInput.tsx

@@ -1,7 +1,14 @@
 import { Button } from "@/components/atoms/Button/Button";
 import { cn } from "@/lib/utils";
-import { ArrowUpIcon, StopIcon } from "@phosphor-icons/react";
+import {
+  ArrowUpIcon,
+  CircleNotchIcon,
+  MicrophoneIcon,
+  StopIcon,
+} from "@phosphor-icons/react";
+import { RecordingIndicator } from "./components/RecordingIndicator";
 import { useChatInput } from "./useChatInput";
+import { useVoiceRecording } from "./useVoiceRecording";
 
 export interface Props {
   onSend: (message: string) => void;
@@ -21,13 +28,36 @@ export function ChatInput({
   className,
 }: Props) {
   const inputId = "chat-input";
-  const { value, handleKeyDown, handleSubmit, handleChange, hasMultipleLines } =
-    useChatInput({
-      onSend,
-      disabled: disabled || isStreaming,
-      maxRows: 4,
-      inputId,
-    });
+  const {
+    value,
+    setValue,
+    handleKeyDown: baseHandleKeyDown,
+    handleSubmit,
+    handleChange,
+    hasMultipleLines,
+  } = useChatInput({
+    onSend,
+    disabled: disabled || isStreaming,
+    maxRows: 4,
+    inputId,
+  });
+
+  const {
+    isRecording,
+    isTranscribing,
+    elapsedTime,
+    toggleRecording,
+    handleKeyDown,
+    showMicButton,
+    isInputDisabled,
+    audioStream,
+  } = useVoiceRecording({
+    setValue,
+    disabled: disabled || isStreaming,
+    isStreaming,
+    value,
+    baseHandleKeyDown,
+  });
 
   return (
     <form onSubmit={handleSubmit} className={cn("relative flex-1", className)}>
@@ -35,8 +65,11 @@ export function ChatInput({
         <div
           id={`${inputId}-wrapper`}
           className={cn(
-            "relative overflow-hidden border border-neutral-200 bg-white shadow-sm",
-            "focus-within:border-zinc-400 focus-within:ring-1 focus-within:ring-zinc-400",
+            "relative overflow-hidden border bg-white shadow-sm",
+            "focus-within:ring-1",
+            isRecording
+              ? "border-red-400 focus-within:border-red-400 focus-within:ring-red-400"
+              : "border-neutral-200 focus-within:border-zinc-400 focus-within:ring-zinc-400",
             hasMultipleLines ? "rounded-xlarge" : "rounded-full",
           )}
         >
@@ -46,48 +79,94 @@ export function ChatInput({
             value={value}
             onChange={handleChange}
             onKeyDown={handleKeyDown}
-            placeholder={placeholder}
-            disabled={disabled || isStreaming}
+            placeholder={
+              isTranscribing
+                ? "Transcribing..."
+                : isRecording
+                  ? ""
+                  : placeholder
+            }
+            disabled={isInputDisabled}
             rows={1}
             className={cn(
               "w-full resize-none overflow-y-auto border-0 bg-transparent text-[1rem] leading-6 text-black",
               "placeholder:text-zinc-400",
               "focus:outline-none focus:ring-0",
               "disabled:text-zinc-500",
-              hasMultipleLines ? "pb-6 pl-4 pr-4 pt-2" : "pb-4 pl-4 pr-14 pt-4",
+              hasMultipleLines
+                ? "pb-6 pl-4 pr-4 pt-2"
+                : showMicButton
+                  ? "pb-4 pl-14 pr-14 pt-4"
+                  : "pb-4 pl-4 pr-14 pt-4",
             )}
           />
+          {isRecording && !value && (
+            <div className="pointer-events-none absolute inset-0 flex items-center justify-center">
+              <RecordingIndicator
+                elapsedTime={elapsedTime}
+                audioStream={audioStream}
+              />
+            </div>
+          )}
         </div>
         <span id="chat-input-hint" className="sr-only">
-          Press Enter to send, Shift+Enter for new line
+          Press Enter to send, Shift+Enter for new line, Space to record voice
         </span>
 
-        {isStreaming ? (
-          <Button
-            type="button"
-            variant="icon"
-            size="icon"
-            aria-label="Stop generating"
-            onClick={onStop}
-            className="absolute bottom-[7px] right-2 border-red-600 bg-red-600 text-white hover:border-red-800 hover:bg-red-800"
-          >
-            <StopIcon className="h-4 w-4" weight="bold" />
-          </Button>
-        ) : (
-          <Button
-            type="submit"
-            variant="icon"
-            size="icon"
-            aria-label="Send message"
-            className={cn(
-              "absolute bottom-[7px] right-2 border-zinc-800 bg-zinc-800 text-white hover:border-zinc-900 hover:bg-zinc-900",
-              (disabled || !value.trim()) && "opacity-20",
-            )}
-            disabled={disabled || !value.trim()}
-          >
-            <ArrowUpIcon className="h-4 w-4" weight="bold" />
-          </Button>
+        {showMicButton && (
+          <div className="absolute bottom-[7px] left-2 flex items-center gap-1">
+            <Button
+              type="button"
+              variant="icon"
+              size="icon"
+              aria-label={isRecording ? "Stop recording" : "Start recording"}
+              onClick={toggleRecording}
+              disabled={disabled || isTranscribing}
+              className={cn(
+                isRecording
+                  ? "animate-pulse border-red-500 bg-red-500 text-white hover:border-red-600 hover:bg-red-600"
+                  : isTranscribing
+                    ? "border-zinc-300 bg-zinc-100 text-zinc-400"
+                    : "border-zinc-300 bg-white text-zinc-500 hover:border-zinc-400 hover:bg-zinc-50 hover:text-zinc-700",
+              )}
+            >
+              {isTranscribing ? (
+                <CircleNotchIcon className="h-4 w-4 animate-spin" />
+              ) : (
+                <MicrophoneIcon className="h-4 w-4" weight="bold" />
+              )}
+            </Button>
+          </div>
         )}
+
+        <div className="absolute bottom-[7px] right-2 flex items-center gap-1">
+          {isStreaming ? (
+            <Button
+              type="button"
+              variant="icon"
+              size="icon"
+              aria-label="Stop generating"
+              onClick={onStop}
+              className="border-red-600 bg-red-600 text-white hover:border-red-800 hover:bg-red-800"
+            >
+              <StopIcon className="h-4 w-4" weight="bold" />
+            </Button>
+          ) : (
+            <Button
+              type="submit"
+              variant="icon"
+              size="icon"
+              aria-label="Send message"
+              className={cn(
+                "border-zinc-800 bg-zinc-800 text-white hover:border-zinc-900 hover:bg-zinc-900",
+                (disabled || !value.trim() || isRecording) && "opacity-20",
+              )}
+              disabled={disabled || !value.trim() || isRecording}
+            >
+              <ArrowUpIcon className="h-4 w-4" weight="bold" />
+            </Button>
+          )}
+        </div>
       </div>
     </form>
   );

autogpt_platform/frontend/src/components/contextual/Chat/components/ChatInput/components/AudioWaveform.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+"use client";
+
+import { useEffect, useRef, useState } from "react";
+
+interface Props {
+  stream: MediaStream | null;
+  barCount?: number;
+  barWidth?: number;
+  barGap?: number;
+  barColor?: string;
+  minBarHeight?: number;
+  maxBarHeight?: number;
+}
+
+export function AudioWaveform({
+  stream,
+  barCount = 24,
+  barWidth = 3,
+  barGap = 2,
+  barColor = "#ef4444", // red-500
+  minBarHeight = 4,
+  maxBarHeight = 32,
+}: Props) {
+  const [bars, setBars] = useState<number[]>(() =>
+    Array(barCount).fill(minBarHeight),
+  );
+  const analyserRef = useRef<AnalyserNode | null>(null);
+  const audioContextRef = useRef<AudioContext | null>(null);
+  const sourceRef = useRef<MediaStreamAudioSourceNode | null>(null);
+  const animationRef = useRef<number | null>(null);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!stream) {
+      setBars(Array(barCount).fill(minBarHeight));
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // Create audio context and analyser
+    const audioContext = new AudioContext();
+    const analyser = audioContext.createAnalyser();
+    analyser.fftSize = 512;
+    analyser.smoothingTimeConstant = 0.8;
+
+    // Connect the stream to the analyser
+    const source = audioContext.createMediaStreamSource(stream);
+    source.connect(analyser);
+
+    audioContextRef.current = audioContext;
+    analyserRef.current = analyser;
+    sourceRef.current = source;
+
+    const timeData = new Uint8Array(analyser.frequencyBinCount);
+
+    const updateBars = () => {
+      if (!analyserRef.current) return;
+
+      analyserRef.current.getByteTimeDomainData(timeData);
+
+      // Distribute time-domain data across bars
+      // This shows waveform amplitude, making all bars respond to audio
+      const newBars: number[] = [];
+      const samplesPerBar = timeData.length / barCount;
+
+      for (let i = 0; i < barCount; i++) {
+        // Sample waveform data for this bar
+        let maxAmplitude = 0;
+        const startIdx = Math.floor(i * samplesPerBar);
+        const endIdx = Math.floor((i + 1) * samplesPerBar);
+
+        for (let j = startIdx; j < endIdx && j < timeData.length; j++) {
+          // Convert to amplitude (distance from center 128)
+          const amplitude = Math.abs(timeData[j] - 128);
+          maxAmplitude = Math.max(maxAmplitude, amplitude);
+        }
+
+        // Map amplitude (0-128) to bar height
+        const normalized = (maxAmplitude / 128) * 255;
+        const height =
+          minBarHeight + (normalized / 255) * (maxBarHeight - minBarHeight);
+        newBars.push(height);
+      }
+
+      setBars(newBars);
+      animationRef.current = requestAnimationFrame(updateBars);
+    };
+
+    updateBars();
+
+    return () => {
+      if (animationRef.current) {
+        cancelAnimationFrame(animationRef.current);
+      }
+      if (sourceRef.current) {
+        sourceRef.current.disconnect();
+      }
+      if (audioContextRef.current) {
+        audioContextRef.current.close();
+      }
+      analyserRef.current = null;
+      audioContextRef.current = null;
+      sourceRef.current = null;
+    };
+  }, [stream, barCount, minBarHeight, maxBarHeight]);
+
+  const totalWidth = barCount * barWidth + (barCount - 1) * barGap;
+
+  return (
+    <div
+      className="flex items-center justify-center"
+      style={{
+        width: totalWidth,
+        height: maxBarHeight,
+        gap: barGap,
+      }}
+    >
+      {bars.map((height, i) => {
+        const barHeight = Math.max(minBarHeight, height);
+        return (
+          <div
+            key={i}
+            className="relative"
+            style={{
+              width: barWidth,
+              height: maxBarHeight,
+            }}
+          >
+            <div
+              className="absolute left-0 rounded-full transition-[height] duration-75"
+              style={{
+                width: barWidth,
+                height: barHeight,
+                top: "50%",
+                transform: "translateY(-50%)",
+                backgroundColor: barColor,
+              }}
+            />
+          </div>
+        );
+      })}
+    </div>
+  );
+}

autogpt_platform/frontend/src/components/contextual/Chat/components/ChatInput/components/RecordingIndicator.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+import { formatElapsedTime } from "../helpers";
+import { AudioWaveform } from "./AudioWaveform";
+
+type Props = {
+  elapsedTime: number;
+  audioStream: MediaStream | null;
+};
+
+export function RecordingIndicator({ elapsedTime, audioStream }: Props) {
+  return (
+    <div className="flex items-center gap-3">
+      <AudioWaveform
+        stream={audioStream}
+        barCount={20}
+        barWidth={3}
+        barGap={2}
+        barColor="#ef4444"
+        minBarHeight={4}
+        maxBarHeight={24}
+      />
+      <span className="min-w-[3ch] text-sm font-medium text-red-500">
+        {formatElapsedTime(elapsedTime)}
+      </span>
+    </div>
+  );
+}

autogpt_platform/frontend/src/components/contextual/Chat/components/ChatInput/helpers.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+export function formatElapsedTime(ms: number): string {
+  const seconds = Math.floor(ms / 1000);
+  const minutes = Math.floor(seconds / 60);
+  const remainingSeconds = seconds % 60;
+  return `${minutes}:${remainingSeconds.toString().padStart(2, "0")}`;
+}

autogpt_platform/frontend/src/components/contextual/Chat/components/ChatInput/useChatInput.ts

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import {
   useState,
 } from "react";
 
-interface UseChatInputArgs {
+interface Args {
   onSend: (message: string) => void;
   disabled?: boolean;
   maxRows?: number;
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ export function useChatInput({
   disabled = false,
   maxRows = 5,
   inputId = "chat-input",
-}: UseChatInputArgs) {
+}: Args) {
   const [value, setValue] = useState("");
   const [hasMultipleLines, setHasMultipleLines] = useState(false);
 

autogpt_platform/frontend/src/components/contextual/Chat/components/ChatInput/useVoiceRecording.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,240 @@
+import { useToast } from "@/components/molecules/Toast/use-toast";
+import React, {
+  KeyboardEvent,
+  useCallback,
+  useEffect,
+  useRef,
+  useState,
+} from "react";
+
+const MAX_RECORDING_DURATION = 2 * 60 * 1000; // 2 minutes in ms
+
+interface Args {
+  setValue: React.Dispatch<React.SetStateAction<string>>;
+  disabled?: boolean;
+  isStreaming?: boolean;
+  value: string;
+  baseHandleKeyDown: (event: KeyboardEvent<HTMLTextAreaElement>) => void;
+}
+
+export function useVoiceRecording({
+  setValue,
+  disabled = false,
+  isStreaming = false,
+  value,
+  baseHandleKeyDown,
+}: Args) {
+  const [isRecording, setIsRecording] = useState(false);
+  const [isTranscribing, setIsTranscribing] = useState(false);
+  const [error, setError] = useState<string | null>(null);
+  const [elapsedTime, setElapsedTime] = useState(0);
+
+  const mediaRecorderRef = useRef<MediaRecorder | null>(null);
+  const chunksRef = useRef<Blob[]>([]);
+  const timerRef = useRef<NodeJS.Timeout | null>(null);
+  const startTimeRef = useRef<number>(0);
+  const streamRef = useRef<MediaStream | null>(null);
+  const isRecordingRef = useRef(false);
+
+  const isSupported =
+    typeof window !== "undefined" &&
+    !!(navigator.mediaDevices && navigator.mediaDevices.getUserMedia);
+
+  const clearTimer = useCallback(() => {
+    if (timerRef.current) {
+      clearInterval(timerRef.current);
+      timerRef.current = null;
+    }
+  }, []);
+
+  const cleanup = useCallback(() => {
+    clearTimer();
+    if (streamRef.current) {
+      streamRef.current.getTracks().forEach((track) => track.stop());
+      streamRef.current = null;
+    }
+    mediaRecorderRef.current = null;
+    chunksRef.current = [];
+    setElapsedTime(0);
+  }, [clearTimer]);
+
+  const handleTranscription = useCallback(
+    (text: string) => {
+      setValue((prev) => {
+        const trimmedPrev = prev.trim();
+        if (trimmedPrev) {
+          return `${trimmedPrev} ${text}`;
+        }
+        return text;
+      });
+    },
+    [setValue],
+  );
+
+  const transcribeAudio = useCallback(
+    async (audioBlob: Blob) => {
+      setIsTranscribing(true);
+      setError(null);
+
+      try {
+        const formData = new FormData();
+        formData.append("audio", audioBlob);
+
+        const response = await fetch("/api/transcribe", {
+          method: "POST",
+          body: formData,
+        });
+
+        if (!response.ok) {
+          const data = await response.json().catch(() => ({}));
+          throw new Error(data.error || "Transcription failed");
+        }
+
+        const data = await response.json();
+        if (data.text) {
+          handleTranscription(data.text);
+        }
+      } catch (err) {
+        const message =
+          err instanceof Error ? err.message : "Transcription failed";
+        setError(message);
+        console.error("Transcription error:", err);
+      } finally {
+        setIsTranscribing(false);
+      }
+    },
+    [handleTranscription],
+  );
+
+  const stopRecording = useCallback(() => {
+    if (mediaRecorderRef.current && isRecordingRef.current) {
+      mediaRecorderRef.current.stop();
+      isRecordingRef.current = false;
+      setIsRecording(false);
+      clearTimer();
+    }
+  }, [clearTimer]);
+
+  const startRecording = useCallback(async () => {
+    if (disabled || isRecordingRef.current || isTranscribing) return;
+
+    setError(null);
+    chunksRef.current = [];
+
+    try {
+      const stream = await navigator.mediaDevices.getUserMedia({ audio: true });
+      streamRef.current = stream;
+
+      const mediaRecorder = new MediaRecorder(stream, {
+        mimeType: MediaRecorder.isTypeSupported("audio/webm")
+          ? "audio/webm"
+          : "audio/mp4",
+      });
+
+      mediaRecorderRef.current = mediaRecorder;
+
+      mediaRecorder.ondataavailable = (event) => {
+        if (event.data.size > 0) {
+          chunksRef.current.push(event.data);
+        }
+      };
+
+      mediaRecorder.onstop = async () => {
+        const audioBlob = new Blob(chunksRef.current, {
+          type: mediaRecorder.mimeType,
+        });
+
+        // Cleanup stream
+        if (streamRef.current) {
+          streamRef.current.getTracks().forEach((track) => track.stop());
+          streamRef.current = null;
+        }
+
+        if (audioBlob.size > 0) {
+          await transcribeAudio(audioBlob);
+        }
+      };
+
+      mediaRecorder.start(1000); // Collect data every second
+      isRecordingRef.current = true;
+      setIsRecording(true);
+      startTimeRef.current = Date.now();
+
+      // Start elapsed time timer
+      timerRef.current = setInterval(() => {
+        const elapsed = Date.now() - startTimeRef.current;
+        setElapsedTime(elapsed);
+
+        // Auto-stop at max duration
+        if (elapsed >= MAX_RECORDING_DURATION) {
+          stopRecording();
+        }
+      }, 100);
+    } catch (err) {
+      console.error("Failed to start recording:", err);
+      if (err instanceof DOMException && err.name === "NotAllowedError") {
+        setError("Microphone permission denied");
+      } else {
+        setError("Failed to access microphone");
+      }
+      cleanup();
+    }
+  }, [disabled, isTranscribing, stopRecording, transcribeAudio, cleanup]);
+
+  const toggleRecording = useCallback(() => {
+    if (isRecording) {
+      stopRecording();
+    } else {
+      startRecording();
+    }
+  }, [isRecording, startRecording, stopRecording]);
+
+  const { toast } = useToast();
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (error) {
+      toast({
+        title: "Voice recording failed",
+        description: error,
+        variant: "destructive",
+      });
+    }
+  }, [error, toast]);
+
+  const handleKeyDown = useCallback(
+    (event: KeyboardEvent<HTMLTextAreaElement>) => {
+      if (event.key === " " && !value.trim() && !isTranscribing) {
+        event.preventDefault();
+        toggleRecording();
+        return;
+      }
+      baseHandleKeyDown(event);
+    },
+    [value, isTranscribing, toggleRecording, baseHandleKeyDown],
+  );
+
+  const showMicButton = isSupported && !isStreaming;
+  const isInputDisabled = disabled || isStreaming || isTranscribing;
+
+  // Cleanup on unmount
+  useEffect(() => {
+    return () => {
+      cleanup();
+    };
+  }, [cleanup]);
+
+  return {
+    isRecording,
+    isTranscribing,
+    error,
+    elapsedTime,
+    startRecording,
+    stopRecording,
+    toggleRecording,
+    isSupported,
+    handleKeyDown,
+    showMicButton,
+    isInputDisabled,
+    audioStream: streamRef.current,
+  };
+}

autogpt_platform/frontend/src/components/contextual/Chat/components/MarkdownContent/MarkdownContent.tsx

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 "use client";
 
+import { getGetWorkspaceDownloadFileByIdUrl } from "@/app/api/__generated__/endpoints/workspace/workspace";
 import { cn } from "@/lib/utils";
+import { EyeSlash } from "@phosphor-icons/react";
 import React from "react";
 import ReactMarkdown from "react-markdown";
 import remarkGfm from "remark-gfm";
@@ -29,12 +31,88 @@ interface InputProps extends React.InputHTMLAttributes<HTMLInputElement> {
   type?: string;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Converts a workspace:// URL to a proxy URL that routes through Next.js to the backend.
+ * workspace://abc123 -> /api/proxy/api/workspace/files/abc123/download
+ *
+ * Uses the generated API URL helper and routes through the Next.js proxy
+ * which handles authentication and proper backend routing.
+ */
+/**
+ * URL transformer for ReactMarkdown.
+ * Converts workspace:// URLs to proxy URLs that route through Next.js to the backend.
+ * workspace://abc123 -> /api/proxy/api/workspace/files/abc123/download
+ *
+ * This is needed because ReactMarkdown sanitizes URLs and only allows
+ * http, https, mailto, and tel protocols by default.
+ */
+function resolveWorkspaceUrl(src: string): string {
+  if (src.startsWith("workspace://")) {
+    const fileId = src.replace("workspace://", "");
+    // Use the generated API URL helper to get the correct path
+    const apiPath = getGetWorkspaceDownloadFileByIdUrl(fileId);
+    // Route through the Next.js proxy (same pattern as customMutator for client-side)
+    return `/api/proxy${apiPath}`;
+  }
+  return src;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Check if the image URL is a workspace file (AI cannot see these yet).
+ * After URL transformation, workspace files have URLs like /api/proxy/api/workspace/files/...
+ */
+function isWorkspaceImage(src: string | undefined): boolean {
+  return src?.includes("/workspace/files/") ?? false;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Custom image component that shows an indicator when the AI cannot see the image.
+ * Note: src is already transformed by urlTransform, so workspace:// is now /api/workspace/...
+ */
+function MarkdownImage(props: Record<string, unknown>) {
+  const src = props.src as string | undefined;
+  const alt = props.alt as string | undefined;
+
+  const aiCannotSee = isWorkspaceImage(src);
+
+  // If no src, show a placeholder
+  if (!src) {
+    return (
+      <span className="my-2 inline-block rounded border border-amber-200 bg-amber-50 px-2 py-1 text-sm text-amber-700">
+        [Image: {alt || "missing src"}]
+      </span>
+    );
+  }
+
+  return (
+    <span className="relative my-2 inline-block">
+      {/* eslint-disable-next-line @next/next/no-img-element */}
+      <img
+        src={src}
+        alt={alt || "Image"}
+        className="h-auto max-w-full rounded-md border border-zinc-200"
+        loading="lazy"
+      />
+      {aiCannotSee && (
+        <span
+          className="absolute bottom-2 right-2 flex items-center gap-1 rounded bg-black/70 px-2 py-1 text-xs text-white"
+          title="The AI cannot see this image"
+        >
+          <EyeSlash size={14} />
+          <span>AI cannot see this image</span>
+        </span>
+      )}
+    </span>
+  );
+}
+
 export function MarkdownContent({ content, className }: MarkdownContentProps) {
   return (
     <div className={cn("markdown-content", className)}>
       <ReactMarkdown
         skipHtml={true}
         remarkPlugins={[remarkGfm]}
+        urlTransform={resolveWorkspaceUrl}
         components={{
           code: ({ children, className, ...props }: CodeProps) => {
             const isInline = !className?.includes("language-");
@@ -206,6 +284,9 @@ export function MarkdownContent({ content, className }: MarkdownContentProps) {
               {children}
             </td>
           ),
+          img: ({ src, alt, ...props }) => (
+            <MarkdownImage src={src} alt={alt} {...props} />
+          ),
         }}
       >
         {content}

autogpt_platform/frontend/src/components/contextual/Chat/components/ToolResponseMessage/helpers.ts

@@ -37,6 +37,87 @@ export function getErrorMessage(result: unknown): string {
   return "An error occurred";
 }
 
+/**
+ * Check if a value is a workspace file reference.
+ */
+function isWorkspaceRef(value: unknown): value is string {
+  return typeof value === "string" && value.startsWith("workspace://");
+}
+
+/**
+ * Check if a workspace reference appears to be an image based on common patterns.
+ * Since workspace refs don't have extensions, we check the context or assume image
+ * for certain block types.
+ *
+ * TODO: Replace keyword matching with MIME type encoded in workspace ref.
+ * e.g., workspace://abc123#image/png or workspace://abc123#video/mp4
+ * This would let frontend render correctly without fragile keyword matching.
+ */
+function isLikelyImageRef(value: string, outputKey?: string): boolean {
+  if (!isWorkspaceRef(value)) return false;
+
+  // Check output key name for video-related hints (these are NOT images)
+  const videoKeywords = ["video", "mp4", "mov", "avi", "webm", "movie", "clip"];
+  if (outputKey) {
+    const lowerKey = outputKey.toLowerCase();
+    if (videoKeywords.some((kw) => lowerKey.includes(kw))) {
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Check output key name for image-related hints
+  const imageKeywords = [
+    "image",
+    "img",
+    "photo",
+    "picture",
+    "thumbnail",
+    "avatar",
+    "icon",
+    "screenshot",
+  ];
+  if (outputKey) {
+    const lowerKey = outputKey.toLowerCase();
+    if (imageKeywords.some((kw) => lowerKey.includes(kw))) {
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Default to treating workspace refs as potential images
+  // since that's the most common case for generated content
+  return true;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Format a single output value, converting workspace refs to markdown images.
+ */
+function formatOutputValue(value: unknown, outputKey?: string): string {
+  if (isWorkspaceRef(value) && isLikelyImageRef(value, outputKey)) {
+    // Format as markdown image
+    return `![${outputKey || "Generated image"}](${value})`;
+  }
+
+  if (typeof value === "string") {
+    // Check for data URIs (images)
+    if (value.startsWith("data:image/")) {
+      return `![${outputKey || "Generated image"}](${value})`;
+    }
+    return value;
+  }
+
+  if (Array.isArray(value)) {
+    return value
+      .map((item, idx) => formatOutputValue(item, `${outputKey}_${idx}`))
+      .join("\n\n");
+  }
+
+  if (typeof value === "object" && value !== null) {
+    return JSON.stringify(value, null, 2);
+  }
+
+  return String(value);
+}
+
 function getToolCompletionPhrase(toolName: string): string {
   const toolCompletionPhrases: Record<string, string> = {
     add_understanding: "Updated your business information",
@@ -127,10 +208,26 @@ export function formatToolResponse(result: unknown, toolName: string): string {
 
     case "block_output":
       const blockName = (response.block_name as string) || "Block";
-      const outputs = response.outputs as Record<string, unknown> | undefined;
+      const outputs = response.outputs as Record<string, unknown[]> | undefined;
       if (outputs && Object.keys(outputs).length > 0) {
-        const outputKeys = Object.keys(outputs);
-        return `${blockName} executed successfully. Outputs: ${outputKeys.join(", ")}`;
+        const formattedOutputs: string[] = [];
+
+        for (const [key, values] of Object.entries(outputs)) {
+          if (!Array.isArray(values) || values.length === 0) continue;
+
+          // Format each value in the output array
+          for (const value of values) {
+            const formatted = formatOutputValue(value, key);
+            if (formatted) {
+              formattedOutputs.push(formatted);
+            }
+          }
+        }
+
+        if (formattedOutputs.length > 0) {
+          return `${blockName} executed successfully.\n\n${formattedOutputs.join("\n\n")}`;
+        }
+        return `${blockName} executed successfully.`;
       }
       return `${blockName} executed successfully.`;
 

autogpt_platform/frontend/src/components/contextual/CredentialsInput/helpers.ts

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ export const providerIcons: Partial<
   nvidia: fallbackIcon,
   discord: FaDiscord,
   d_id: fallbackIcon,
+  elevenlabs: fallbackIcon,
   google_maps: FaGoogle,
   jina: fallbackIcon,
   ideogram: fallbackIcon,

autogpt_platform/frontend/src/lib/autogpt-server-api/types.ts

@@ -516,7 +516,7 @@ export type GraphValidationErrorResponse = {
 
 /* *** LIBRARY *** */
 
-/* Mirror of backend/server/v2/library/model.py:LibraryAgent */
+/* Mirror of backend/api/features/library/model.py:LibraryAgent */
 export type LibraryAgent = {
   id: LibraryAgentID;
   graph_id: GraphID;
@@ -616,7 +616,7 @@ export enum LibraryAgentSortEnum {
 
 /* *** CREDENTIALS *** */
 
-/* Mirror of backend/server/integrations/router.py:CredentialsMetaResponse */
+/* Mirror of backend/api/features/integrations/router.py:CredentialsMetaResponse */
 export type CredentialsMetaResponse = {
   id: string;
   provider: CredentialsProviderName;
@@ -628,13 +628,13 @@ export type CredentialsMetaResponse = {
   is_system?: boolean;
 };
 
-/* Mirror of backend/server/integrations/router.py:CredentialsDeletionResponse */
+/* Mirror of backend/api/features/integrations/router.py:CredentialsDeletionResponse */
 export type CredentialsDeleteResponse = {
   deleted: true;
   revoked: boolean | null;
 };
 
-/* Mirror of backend/server/integrations/router.py:CredentialsDeletionNeedsConfirmationResponse */
+/* Mirror of backend/api/features/integrations/router.py:CredentialsDeletionNeedsConfirmationResponse */
 export type CredentialsDeleteNeedConfirmationResponse = {
   deleted: false;
   need_confirmation: true;
@@ -888,7 +888,7 @@ export type Schedule = {
 
 export type ScheduleID = Brand<string, "ScheduleID">;
 
-/* Mirror of backend/server/routers/v1.py:ScheduleCreationRequest */
+/* Mirror of backend/api/features/v1.py:ScheduleCreationRequest */
 export type ScheduleCreatable = {
   graph_id: GraphID;
   graph_version: number;

docs/integrations/README.md

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ Below is a comprehensive list of all available blocks, categorized by their prim
 | [Block Installation](block-integrations/basic.md#block-installation) | Given a code string, this block allows the verification and installation of a block code into the system |
 | [Concatenate Lists](block-integrations/basic.md#concatenate-lists) | Concatenates multiple lists into a single list |
 | [Dictionary Is Empty](block-integrations/basic.md#dictionary-is-empty) | Checks if a dictionary is empty |
-| [File Store](block-integrations/basic.md#file-store) | Stores the input file in the temporary directory |
+| [File Store](block-integrations/basic.md#file-store) | Downloads and stores a file from a URL, data URI, or local path |
 | [Find In Dictionary](block-integrations/basic.md#find-in-dictionary) | A block that looks up a value in a dictionary, list, or object by key or index and returns the corresponding value |
 | [Find In List](block-integrations/basic.md#find-in-list) | Finds the index of the value in the list |
 | [Get All Memories](block-integrations/basic.md#get-all-memories) | Retrieve all memories from Mem0 with optional conversation filtering |
@@ -233,6 +233,7 @@ Below is a comprehensive list of all available blocks, categorized by their prim
 | [Stagehand Extract](block-integrations/stagehand/blocks.md#stagehand-extract) | Extract structured data from a webpage |
 | [Stagehand Observe](block-integrations/stagehand/blocks.md#stagehand-observe) | Find suggested actions for your workflows |
 | [Unreal Text To Speech](block-integrations/llm.md#unreal-text-to-speech) | Converts text to speech using the Unreal Speech API |
+| [Video Narration](block-integrations/video/narration.md#video-narration) | Generate AI narration and add to video |
 
 ## Search and Information Retrieval
 
@@ -472,9 +473,13 @@ Below is a comprehensive list of all available blocks, categorized by their prim
 
 | Block Name | Description |
 |------------|-------------|
-| [Add Audio To Video](block-integrations/multimedia.md#add-audio-to-video) | Block to attach an audio file to a video file using moviepy |
-| [Loop Video](block-integrations/multimedia.md#loop-video) | Block to loop a video to a given duration or number of repeats |
-| [Media Duration](block-integrations/multimedia.md#media-duration) | Block to get the duration of a media file |
+| [Add Audio To Video](block-integrations/video/add_audio.md#add-audio-to-video) | Block to attach an audio file to a video file using moviepy |
+| [Loop Video](block-integrations/video/loop.md#loop-video) | Block to loop a video to a given duration or number of repeats |
+| [Media Duration](block-integrations/video/duration.md#media-duration) | Block to get the duration of a media file |
+| [Video Clip](block-integrations/video/clip.md#video-clip) | Extract a time segment from a video |
+| [Video Concat](block-integrations/video/concat.md#video-concat) | Merge multiple video clips into one continuous video |
+| [Video Download](block-integrations/video/download.md#video-download) | Download video from URL (YouTube, Vimeo, news sites, direct links) |
+| [Video Text Overlay](block-integrations/video/text_overlay.md#video-text-overlay) | Add text overlay/caption to video |
 
 ## Productivity
 

docs/integrations/SUMMARY.md

@@ -85,7 +85,6 @@
 * [LLM](block-integrations/llm.md)
 * [Logic](block-integrations/logic.md)
 * [Misc](block-integrations/misc.md)
-* [Multimedia](block-integrations/multimedia.md)
 * [Notion Create Page](block-integrations/notion/create_page.md)
 * [Notion Read Database](block-integrations/notion/read_database.md)
 * [Notion Read Page](block-integrations/notion/read_page.md)
@@ -129,5 +128,13 @@
 * [Twitter Timeline](block-integrations/twitter/timeline.md)
 * [Twitter Tweet Lookup](block-integrations/twitter/tweet_lookup.md)
 * [Twitter User Lookup](block-integrations/twitter/user_lookup.md)
+* [Video Add Audio](block-integrations/video/add_audio.md)
+* [Video Clip](block-integrations/video/clip.md)
+* [Video Concat](block-integrations/video/concat.md)
+* [Video Download](block-integrations/video/download.md)
+* [Video Duration](block-integrations/video/duration.md)
+* [Video Loop](block-integrations/video/loop.md)
+* [Video Narration](block-integrations/video/narration.md)
+* [Video Text Overlay](block-integrations/video/text_overlay.md)
 * [Wolfram LLM API](block-integrations/wolfram/llm_api.md)
 * [Zerobounce Validate Emails](block-integrations/zerobounce/validate_emails.md)

docs/integrations/block-integrations/basic.md

@@ -709,7 +709,7 @@ This is useful for conditional logic where you need to verify if data was return
 ## File Store
 
 ### What it is
-Stores the input file in the temporary directory.
+Downloads and stores a file from a URL, data URI, or local path. Use this to fetch images, documents, or other files for processing. In CoPilot: saves to workspace (use list_workspace_files to see it). In graphs: outputs a data URI to pass to other blocks.
 
 ### How it works
 <!-- MANUAL: how_it_works -->
@@ -722,15 +722,15 @@ The block outputs a file path that other blocks can use to access the stored fil
 
 | Input | Description | Type | Required |
 |-------|-------------|------|----------|
-| file_in | The file to store in the temporary directory, it can be a URL, data URI, or local path. | str (file) | Yes |
-| base_64 | Whether produce an output in base64 format (not recommended, you can pass the string path just fine accross blocks). | bool | No |
+| file_in | The file to download and store. Can be a URL (https://...), data URI, or local path. | str (file) | Yes |
+| base_64 | Whether to produce output in base64 format (not recommended, you can pass the file reference across blocks). | bool | No |
 
 ### Outputs
 
 | Output | Description | Type |
 |--------|-------------|------|
 | error | Error message if the operation failed | str |
-| file_out | The relative path to the stored file in the temporary directory. | str (file) |
+| file_out | Reference to the stored file. In CoPilot: workspace:// URI (visible in list_workspace_files). In graphs: data URI for passing to other blocks. | str (file) |
 
 ### Possible use case
 <!-- MANUAL: use_case -->

docs/integrations/block-integrations/multimedia.md

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ Block to attach an audio file to a video file using moviepy.
 <!-- MANUAL: how_it_works -->
 This block combines a video file with an audio file using the moviepy library. The audio track is attached to the video, optionally with volume adjustment via the volume parameter (1.0 = original volume).
 
-Input files can be URLs, data URIs, or local paths. The output can be returned as either a file path or base64 data URI.
+Input files can be URLs, data URIs, or local paths. The output format is automatically determined: `workspace://` URLs in CoPilot, data URIs in graph executions.
 <!-- END MANUAL -->
 
 ### Inputs
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ Input files can be URLs, data URIs, or local paths. The output can be returned a
 | video_in | Video input (URL, data URI, or local path). | str (file) | Yes |
 | audio_in | Audio input (URL, data URI, or local path). | str (file) | Yes |
 | volume | Volume scale for the newly attached audio track (1.0 = original). | float | No |
-| output_return_type | Return the final output as a relative path or base64 data URI. | "file_path" \| "data_uri" | No |
 
 ### Outputs
 
@@ -51,7 +50,7 @@ Block to loop a video to a given duration or number of repeats.
 <!-- MANUAL: how_it_works -->
 This block extends a video by repeating it to reach a target duration or number of loops. Set duration to specify the total length in seconds, or use n_loops to repeat the video a specific number of times.
 
-The looped video is seamlessly concatenated and can be output as a file path or base64 data URI.
+The looped video is seamlessly concatenated. The output format is automatically determined: `workspace://` URLs in CoPilot, data URIs in graph executions.
 <!-- END MANUAL -->
 
 ### Inputs
@@ -61,7 +60,6 @@ The looped video is seamlessly concatenated and can be output as a file path or
 | video_in | The input video (can be a URL, data URI, or local path). | str (file) | Yes |
 | duration | Target duration (in seconds) to loop the video to. If omitted, defaults to no looping. | float | No |
 | n_loops | Number of times to repeat the video. If omitted, defaults to 1 (no repeat). | int | No |
-| output_return_type | How to return the output video. Either a relative path or base64 data URI. | "file_path" \| "data_uri" | No |
 
 ### Outputs
 

docs/integrations/block-integrations/video/add_audio.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+
+# Video Add Audio
+<!-- MANUAL: file_description -->
+This block allows you to attach a separate audio track to a video file, replacing or combining with the original audio.
+<!-- END MANUAL -->
+
+## Add Audio To Video
+
+### What it is
+Block to attach an audio file to a video file using moviepy.
+
+### How it works
+<!-- MANUAL: how_it_works -->
+The block uses MoviePy to combine video and audio files. It loads the video and audio inputs (which can be URLs, data URIs, or local paths), optionally scales the audio volume, then writes the combined result to a new video file using H.264 video codec and AAC audio codec.
+<!-- END MANUAL -->
+
+### Inputs
+
+| Input | Description | Type | Required |
+|-------|-------------|------|----------|
+| video_in | Video input (URL, data URI, or local path). | str (file) | Yes |
+| audio_in | Audio input (URL, data URI, or local path). | str (file) | Yes |
+| volume | Volume scale for the newly attached audio track (1.0 = original). | float | No |
+| output_return_type | Return the final output as a relative path or base64 data URI. | "file_path" \| "data_uri" | No |
+
+### Outputs
+
+| Output | Description | Type |
+|--------|-------------|------|
+| error | Error message if the operation failed | str |
+| video_out | Final video (with attached audio), as a path or data URI. | str (file) |
+
+### Possible use case
+<!-- MANUAL: use_case -->
+- Adding background music to a silent screen recording
+- Replacing original audio with a voiceover or translated audio track
+- Combining AI-generated speech with stock footage
+- Adding sound effects to video content
+<!-- END MANUAL -->
+
+---

docs/integrations/block-integrations/video/clip.md

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+# Video Clip
+<!-- MANUAL: file_description -->
+This block extracts a specific time segment from a video file, allowing you to trim videos to precise start and end times.
+<!-- END MANUAL -->
+
+## Video Clip
+
+### What it is
+Extract a time segment from a video
+
+### How it works
+<!-- MANUAL: how_it_works -->
+The block uses MoviePy's `subclipped` function to extract a portion of the video between specified start and end times. It validates that end time is greater than start time, then creates a new video file containing only the selected segment. The output is encoded with H.264 video codec and AAC audio codec, preserving both video and audio from the original clip.
+<!-- END MANUAL -->
+
+### Inputs
+
+| Input | Description | Type | Required |
+|-------|-------------|------|----------|
+| video_in | Input video (URL, data URI, or local path) | str (file) | Yes |
+| start_time | Start time in seconds | float | Yes |
+| end_time | End time in seconds | float | Yes |
+| output_format | Output format | "mp4" \| "webm" \| "mkv" \| "mov" | No |
+| output_return_type | Return the output as a relative path or base64 data URI. | "file_path" \| "data_uri" | No |
+
+### Outputs
+
+| Output | Description | Type |
+|--------|-------------|------|
+| error | Error message if the operation failed | str |
+| video_out | Clipped video file (path or data URI) | str (file) |
+| duration | Clip duration in seconds | float |
+
+### Possible use case
+<!-- MANUAL: use_case -->
+- Extracting highlights from a longer video
+- Trimming intro/outro from recorded content
+- Creating short clips for social media from longer videos
+- Isolating specific segments for further processing in a workflow
+<!-- END MANUAL -->
+
+---

docs/integrations/block-integrations/video/concat.md

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+# Video Concat
+<!-- MANUAL: file_description -->
+This block merges multiple video clips into a single continuous video, with optional transitions between clips.
+<!-- END MANUAL -->
+
+## Video Concat
+
+### What it is
+Merge multiple video clips into one continuous video
+
+### How it works
+<!-- MANUAL: how_it_works -->
+The block uses MoviePy's `concatenate_videoclips` function to join multiple videos in sequence. It supports three transition modes: **none** (direct concatenation), **crossfade** (smooth blending where clips overlap), and **fade_black** (each clip fades out to black and the next fades in). At least 2 videos are required. The output is encoded with H.264 video codec and AAC audio codec.
+<!-- END MANUAL -->
+
+### Inputs
+
+| Input | Description | Type | Required |
+|-------|-------------|------|----------|
+| videos | List of video files to concatenate (in order) | List[str (file)] | Yes |
+| transition | Transition between clips | "none" \| "crossfade" \| "fade_black" | No |
+| transition_duration | Transition duration in seconds | int | No |
+| output_format | Output format | "mp4" \| "webm" \| "mkv" \| "mov" | No |
+| output_return_type | Return the output as a relative path or base64 data URI. | "file_path" \| "data_uri" | No |
+
+### Outputs
+
+| Output | Description | Type |
+|--------|-------------|------|
+| error | Error message if the operation failed | str |
+| video_out | Concatenated video file (path or data URI) | str (file) |
+| total_duration | Total duration in seconds | float |
+
+### Possible use case
+<!-- MANUAL: use_case -->
+- Combining multiple clips into a compilation video
+- Assembling intro, main content, and outro segments
+- Creating montages from multiple source videos
+- Building video playlists or slideshows with transitions
+<!-- END MANUAL -->
+
+---

docs/integrations/block-integrations/video/download.md

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+# Video Download
+<!-- MANUAL: file_description -->
+This block downloads videos from URLs, supporting a wide range of video platforms and direct links.
+<!-- END MANUAL -->
+
+## Video Download
+
+### What it is
+Download video from URL (YouTube, Vimeo, news sites, direct links)
+
+### How it works
+<!-- MANUAL: how_it_works -->
+The block uses yt-dlp, a powerful video downloading library that supports over 1000 websites. It accepts a URL, quality preference, and output format, then downloads the video while merging the best available video and audio streams for the selected quality. Quality options: **best** (highest available), **1080p/720p/480p** (maximum resolution at that height), **audio_only** (extracts just the audio track).
+<!-- END MANUAL -->
+
+### Inputs
+
+| Input | Description | Type | Required |
+|-------|-------------|------|----------|
+| url | URL of the video to download (YouTube, Vimeo, direct link, etc.) | str | Yes |
+| quality | Video quality preference | "best" \| "1080p" \| "720p" \| "480p" \| "audio_only" | No |
+| output_format | Output video format | "mp4" \| "webm" \| "mkv" | No |
+| output_return_type | Return the output as a relative path or base64 data URI. | "file_path" \| "data_uri" | No |
+
+### Outputs
+
+| Output | Description | Type |
+|--------|-------------|------|
+| error | Error message if the operation failed | str |
+| video_file | Downloaded video (path or data URI) | str (file) |
+| duration | Video duration in seconds | float |
+| title | Video title from source | str |
+| source_url | Original source URL | str |
+
+### Possible use case
+<!-- MANUAL: use_case -->
+- Downloading source videos for editing or remixing
+- Archiving video content for offline processing
+- Extracting audio from videos for transcription or podcast creation
+- Gathering video content for automated content pipelines
+<!-- END MANUAL -->
+
+---

docs/integrations/block-integrations/video/duration.md

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+# Video Duration
+<!-- MANUAL: file_description -->
+This block retrieves the duration of video or audio files, useful for planning and conditional logic in media workflows.
+<!-- END MANUAL -->
+
+## Media Duration
+
+### What it is
+Block to get the duration of a media file.
+
+### How it works
+<!-- MANUAL: how_it_works -->
+The block uses MoviePy to load the media file and extract its duration property. It supports both video files (using VideoFileClip) and audio files (using AudioFileClip), determined by the `is_video` flag. The media can be provided as a URL, data URI, or local file path. The duration is returned in seconds as a floating-point number.
+<!-- END MANUAL -->
+
+### Inputs
+
+| Input | Description | Type | Required |
+|-------|-------------|------|----------|
+| media_in | Media input (URL, data URI, or local path). | str (file) | Yes |
+| is_video | Whether the media is a video (True) or audio (False). | bool | No |
+
+### Outputs
+
+| Output | Description | Type |
+|--------|-------------|------|
+| error | Error message if the operation failed | str |
+| duration | Duration of the media file (in seconds). | float |
+
+### Possible use case
+<!-- MANUAL: use_case -->
+- Checking video length before processing to avoid timeout issues
+- Calculating how many times to loop a video to reach a target duration
+- Validating that uploaded content meets length requirements
+- Building conditional workflows based on media duration
+<!-- END MANUAL -->
+
+---