fix: titlebar incorrectly displayed on frameless windows (#40867)

Manual backport of #40749

Co-authored-by: Bruno Henrique da Silva <bruno.d@miro.com>

.circleci/config/base.yml

@@ -68,8 +68,8 @@ executors:
       version:
         description: "xcode version"
         type: enum
-        enum: ["14.3.0", "14.0.0"]
-        default: 14.3.0
+        enum: ["15.0.0", "14.0.0"]
+        default: 15.0.0
     macos:
       xcode: << parameters.version >>
     resource_class: << parameters.size >>
@@ -660,6 +660,7 @@ step-nodejs-headers-build: &step-nodejs-headers-build
 step-electron-publish: &step-electron-publish
   run:
     name: Publish Electron Dist
+    no_output_timeout: 30m
     command: |
       if [ "`uname`" == "Darwin" ]; then
         rm -rf src/out/Default/obj
@@ -754,8 +755,8 @@ step-show-goma-stats: &step-show-goma-stats
     command: |
       set +e
       set +o pipefail
-      $GOMA_DIR/goma_ctl.py stat
-      $GOMA_DIR/diagnose_goma_log.py
+      python3 $GOMA_DIR/goma_ctl.py stat
+      python3 $GOMA_DIR/diagnose_goma_log.py
       true
     when: always
     background: true
@@ -775,6 +776,7 @@ step-mksnapshot-build: &step-mksnapshot-build
       fi
       sed $SEDOPTION '/.*builtins-pgo/d' out/Default/mksnapshot_args
       sed $SEDOPTION '/--turbo-profiling-input/d' out/Default/mksnapshot_args
+      sed $SEDOPTION '/The gn arg use_goma=true .*/d' out/Default/mksnapshot_args
       if [ "`uname`" != "Darwin" ]; then
         if [ "$TARGET_ARCH" == "arm" ]; then
           electron/script/strip-binaries.py --file $PWD/out/Default/clang_x86_v8_arm/mksnapshot

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.yml

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ name: Bug Report
 description: Report an Electron bug
 title: "[Bug]: "
 labels: "bug :beetle:"
-projects: ["electron/90"]
 body:
 - type: checkboxes
   attributes:

.github/workflows/branch-created.yml

@@ -60,106 +60,33 @@ jobs:
           done
       - name: Generate GitHub App token
         if: ${{ steps.check-major-version.outputs.MAJOR }}
-        uses: electron/github-app-auth-action@cc6751b3b5e4edc5b9a4ad0a021ac455653b6dc8 # v1.0.0
+        uses: electron/github-app-auth-action@384fd19694fe7b6dcc9a684746c6976ad78228ae # v1.1.1
         id: generate-token
         with:
           creds: ${{ secrets.RELEASE_BOARD_GH_APP_CREDS }}
           org: electron
+      - name: Generate Release Project Board Metadata
+        if: ${{ steps.check-major-version.outputs.MAJOR }}
+        uses: actions/github-script@d7906e4ad0b1822421a7e6a35d5ca353c962f410 # v6.4.1
+        id: generate-project-metadata
+        with:
+          script: |
+            const major = ${{ steps.check-major-version.outputs.MAJOR }}
+
+            core.setOutput("template-view", JSON.stringify({
+                major,
+                "next-major": major + 1,
+                "prev-major": major - 1,
+            }))
+            core.setOutput("title", `${major}-x-y`)
       - name: Create Release Project Board
         if: ${{ steps.check-major-version.outputs.MAJOR }}
-        env:
-          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ steps.generate-token.outputs.token }}
-          MAJOR: ${{ steps.check-major-version.outputs.MAJOR }}
-          ELECTRON_ORG_ID: "O_kgDOAMybxg"
-          ELECTRON_REPO_ID: "R_kgDOAI8xSw"
-          TEMPLATE_PROJECT_ID: "PVT_kwDOAMybxs4AQvib"
-        run: |
-          # Copy template to create new project board
-          PROJECT_ID=$(gh api graphql -f query='mutation ($ownerId: ID!, $projectId: ID!, $title: String!) {  
-            copyProjectV2(input: {
-              includeDraftIssues: true,
-              ownerId: $ownerId,
-              projectId: $projectId,
-              title: $title
-            }) {
-              projectV2 {
-                id
-              }
-            }
-          }' -f ownerId=$ELECTRON_ORG_ID -f projectId=$TEMPLATE_PROJECT_ID -f title="${MAJOR}-x-y" | jq -r '.data.copyProjectV2.projectV2.id')
-
-          # Make the new project public
-          gh api graphql -f query='mutation ($projectId: ID!) {                                                                                             
-            updateProjectV2(input: {
-              projectId: $projectId,
-              public: true,
-            }) {
-              projectV2 {
-                id
-              }
-            }
-          }' -f projectId=$PROJECT_ID
-
-          # Link the new project to the Electron repository
-          gh api graphql -f query='mutation ($projectId: ID!, $repositoryId: ID!) {                                                                                             
-            linkProjectV2ToRepository(input: {
-              projectId: $projectId,
-              repositoryId: $repositoryId
-            }) {
-              clientMutationId
-            }
-          }' -f projectId=$PROJECT_ID -f repositoryId=$ELECTRON_REPO_ID
-
-          # Get all draft issues on the new project board
-          gh api graphql -f query='query ($id: ID!) {
-            node(id: $id) {
-              ... on ProjectV2 {
-                items(first: 100) {
-                  nodes {
-                    ... on ProjectV2Item {
-                      id
-                      content {
-                        ... on DraftIssue { id title
-                          body
-                        }
-                      }
-                    }
-                  }
-                }
-              }
-            }
-          }' -f id=$PROJECT_ID > issues.json
-          PROJECT_ITEMS=$(jq '.data.node.items.nodes[] | select(.content.id != null) | .id' issues.json)
-
-          #
-          # Do template replacement for draft issues
-          #
-          echo "{\"major\": $MAJOR, \"next-major\": $((MAJOR + 1)), \"prev-major\": $((MAJOR - 1))}" > variables.json
-
-          # npx mustache is annoyingly slow, so install mustache directly
-          yarn add -D mustache
-
-          for PROJECT_ITEM_ID in $PROJECT_ITEMS; do
-            # These are done with the raw output flag and sent to file to better retain formatting
-            jq -r ".data.node.items.nodes[] | select(.id == $PROJECT_ITEM_ID) | .content.title" issues.json > title.txt
-            jq -r ".data.node.items.nodes[] | select(.id == $PROJECT_ITEM_ID) | .content.body" issues.json > body.txt
-
-            ./node_modules/.bin/mustache variables.json title.txt new_title.txt
-            ./node_modules/.bin/mustache variables.json body.txt new_body.txt
-
-            # Only update draft issues which had content change when interpolated
-            if ! cmp --silent -- new_title.txt title.txt || ! cmp --silent -- new_body.txt body.txt; then
-              DRAFT_ISSUE_ID=$(jq ".data.node.items.nodes[] | select(.id == $PROJECT_ITEM_ID) | .content.id" issues.json)
-              gh api graphql -f query='mutation ($draftIssueId: ID!, $title: String!, $body: String!) {                                                                                             
-                updateProjectV2DraftIssue(input: {
-                  draftIssueId: $draftIssueId,
-                  title: $title,
-                  body: $body
-                }) {
-                  draftIssue {
-                    id
-                  }
-                }
-              }' -f draftIssueId=$DRAFT_ISSUE_ID -f title="$(cat new_title.txt)" -f body="$(cat new_body.txt)"
-            fi
-          done
+        uses: dsanders11/project-actions/copy-project@a24415515fa60a22f71f9d9d00e36ca82660cde9 # v1.0.1
+        with:
+          drafts: true
+          project-number: 64
+          # TODO - Set to public once GitHub fixes their GraphQL bug
+          # public: true
+          template-view: ${{ steps.generate-project-metadata.outputs.template-view }}
+          title: ${{ steps.generate-project-metadata.outputs.title}}
+          token: ${{ steps.generate-token.outputs.token }}

.github/workflows/issue-labeled.yml

@@ -20,14 +20,12 @@ jobs:
           creds: ${{ secrets.ISSUE_TRIAGE_GH_APP_CREDS }}
           org: electron
       - name: Set status
-        uses: github/update-project-action@2d475e08804f11f4022df7e21f5816531e97cb64 # v2
+        uses: dsanders11/project-actions/edit-item@a24415515fa60a22f71f9d9d00e36ca82660cde9 # v1.0.1
         with:
-          github_token: ${{ steps.generate-token.outputs.token }}
-          organization: electron
-          project_number: 90
-          content_id: ${{ github.event.issue.node_id }}
+          token: ${{ steps.generate-token.outputs.token }}
+          project-number: 90
           field: Status
-          value: 🛑 Blocked
+          field-value: 🛑 Blocked
   issue-labeled-blocked-need-repro:
     name: blocked/need-repro label added
     if: github.event.label.name == 'blocked/need-repro'

.github/workflows/issue-opened.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+name: Issue Opened
+
+on:
+  issues:
+    types:
+      - opened
+
+permissions: {}
+
+jobs:
+  add-to-issue-triage:
+    if: ${{ contains(github.event.issue.labels.*.name, 'bug :beetle:') }}
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Generate GitHub App token
+        uses: electron/github-app-auth-action@384fd19694fe7b6dcc9a684746c6976ad78228ae # v1.1.1
+        id: generate-token
+        with:
+          creds: ${{ secrets.ISSUE_TRIAGE_GH_APP_CREDS }}
+          org: electron
+      - name: Add to Issue Triage
+        uses: dsanders11/project-actions/add-item@a24415515fa60a22f71f9d9d00e36ca82660cde9 # v1.0.1
+        with:
+          field: Reporter
+          field-value: ${{ github.event.issue.user.login }}
+          project-number: 90
+          token: ${{ steps.generate-token.outputs.token }}

.github/workflows/issue-unlabeled.yml

@@ -30,11 +30,9 @@ jobs:
           org: electron
       - name: Set status
         if: ${{ steps.check-for-blocked-labels.outputs.NOT_BLOCKED }}
-        uses: github/update-project-action@2d475e08804f11f4022df7e21f5816531e97cb64 # v2
+        uses: dsanders11/project-actions/edit-item@a24415515fa60a22f71f9d9d00e36ca82660cde9 # v1.0.1
         with:
-          github_token: ${{ steps.generate-token.outputs.token }}
-          organization: electron
-          project_number: 90
-          content_id: ${{ github.event.issue.node_id }}
+          token: ${{ steps.generate-token.outputs.token }}
+          project-number: 90
           field: Status
-          value: 📥 Was Blocked
+          field-value: 📥 Was Blocked

.github/workflows/pull-request-labeled.yml

@@ -20,11 +20,9 @@ jobs:
           creds: ${{ secrets.RELEASE_BOARD_GH_APP_CREDS }}
           org: electron
       - name: Set status
-        uses: dsanders11/update-project-action@7ade91760df70df76770a238abee7a4869e01cf8
+        uses: dsanders11/project-actions/edit-item@a24415515fa60a22f71f9d9d00e36ca82660cde9 # v1.0.1
         with:
-          github_token: ${{ steps.generate-token.outputs.token }}
-          organization: electron
-          project_number: 94
-          content_id: ${{ github.event.pull_request.node_id }}
+          token: ${{ steps.generate-token.outputs.token }}
+          project-number: 94
           field: Status
-          value: ✅ Reviewed
+          field-value: ✅ Reviewed

.github/workflows/stable-prep-items.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+name: Check Stable Prep Items
+
+on:
+  schedule:
+    - cron:  '0 */12 * * *'
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+permissions: {}
+
+jobs:
+  check-stable-prep-items:
+    name: Check Stable Prep Items
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Generate GitHub App token
+        uses: electron/github-app-auth-action@384fd19694fe7b6dcc9a684746c6976ad78228ae # v1.1.1
+        id: generate-token
+        with:
+          creds: ${{ secrets.RELEASE_BOARD_GH_APP_CREDS }}
+          org: electron
+      - name: Find Newest Release Project Board
+        id: find-project-number
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ steps.generate-token.outputs.token }}
+        run: |
+          set -eo pipefail
+          PROJECT_NUMBER=$(gh project list --owner electron --format json | jq -r '.projects | map(select(.title | test("^[0-9]+-x-y$"))) | max_by(.number) | .number')
+          echo "PROJECT_NUMBER=$PROJECT_NUMBER" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+      - name: Update Completed Stable Prep Items
+        uses: dsanders11/project-actions/completed-by@a24415515fa60a22f71f9d9d00e36ca82660cde9 # v1.0.1
+        with:
+          field: Prep Status
+          field-value: ✅ Complete
+          project-number: ${{ steps.find-project-number.outputs.PROJECT_NUMBER }}
+          token: ${{ steps.generate-token.outputs.token }}

BUILD.gn

@@ -104,14 +104,26 @@ branding = read_file("shell/app/BRANDING.json", "json")
 electron_project_name = branding.project_name
 electron_product_name = branding.product_name
 electron_mac_bundle_id = branding.mac_bundle_id
-electron_version = exec_script("script/print-version.py",
-                               [],
-                               "trim string",
-                               [
-                                 ".git/packed-refs",
-                                 ".git/HEAD",
-                                 "script/lib/get-version.js",
-                               ])
+
+if (override_electron_version != "") {
+  electron_version = override_electron_version
+} else {
+  # When building from source code tarball there is no git tag available and
+  # builders must explicitly pass override_electron_version in gn args.
+  # This read_file call will assert if there is no git information, without it
+  # gn will generate a malformed build configuration and ninja will get into
+  # infinite loop.
+  read_file(".git/packed-refs", "string")
+
+  # Set electron version from git tag.
+  electron_version = exec_script("script/get-git-version.py",
+                                 [],
+                                 "trim string",
+                                 [
+                                   ".git/packed-refs",
+                                   ".git/HEAD",
+                                 ])
+}
 
 if (is_mas_build) {
   assert(is_mac,
@@ -422,6 +434,7 @@ source_set("electron_lib") {
     "//chrome/app/resources:platform_locale_settings",
     "//components/autofill/core/common:features",
     "//components/certificate_transparency",
+    "//components/compose:buildflags",
     "//components/embedder_support:browser_util",
     "//components/language/core/browser",
     "//components/net_log",
@@ -430,6 +443,8 @@ source_set("electron_lib") {
     "//components/network_hints/renderer",
     "//components/network_session_configurator/common",
     "//components/omnibox/browser:buildflags",
+    "//components/os_crypt/async/browser",
+    "//components/os_crypt/async/browser:key_provider_interface",
     "//components/os_crypt/sync",
     "//components/pref_registry",
     "//components/prefs",
@@ -904,10 +919,7 @@ if (is_mac) {
       assert(defined(invoker.helper_name_suffix))
 
       output_name = electron_helper_name + invoker.helper_name_suffix
-      deps = [
-        ":electron_framework+link",
-        "//base/allocator:early_zone_registration_apple",
-      ]
+      deps = [ ":electron_framework+link" ]
       if (!is_mas_build) {
         deps += [ "//sandbox/mac:seatbelt" ]
       }
@@ -1068,7 +1080,6 @@ if (is_mac) {
       ":electron_app_plist",
       ":electron_app_resources",
       ":electron_fuses",
-      "//base/allocator:early_zone_registration_apple",
       "//electron/buildflags",
     ]
     if (is_mas_build) {

DEPS

@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@ gclient_gn_args_from = 'src'
 
 vars = {
   'chromium_version':
-    '119.0.6019.2',
+    '120.0.6099.109',
   'node_version':
-    'v18.18.0',
+    'v18.18.2',
   'nan_version':
     'e14bdcd1f72d62bca1d541b66da43130384ec213',
   'squirrel.mac_version':

appveyor-bake.yml

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 
 version: 1.0.{build}
 build_cloud: electronhq-16-core
-image: e-112.0.5607.0-vs2022
+image: base-bake-image
 environment:
   GIT_CACHE_PATH: C:\Users\appveyor\libcc_cache
   ELECTRON_OUT_DIR: Default

appveyor-woa.yml

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 
 version: 1.0.{build}
 build_cloud: electronhq-16-core
-image: e-119.0.6019.2
+image: e-120.0.6099.0
 environment:
   GIT_CACHE_PATH: C:\Users\appveyor\libcc_cache
   ELECTRON_OUT_DIR: Default
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ for:
       - gn desc out/Default v8:run_mksnapshot_default args > out/Default/default_mksnapshot_args
       # Remove unused args from mksnapshot_args
       - ps: >-
-          Get-Content out/Default/default_mksnapshot_args | Where-Object { -not $_.Contains('--turbo-profiling-input') -And -not $_.Contains('builtins-pgo') } | Set-Content out/Default/mksnapshot_args
+          Get-Content out/Default/default_mksnapshot_args | Where-Object { -not $_.Contains('--turbo-profiling-input') -And -not $_.Contains('builtins-pgo') -And -not $_.Contains('The gn arg use_goma=true') } | Set-Content out/Default/mksnapshot_args
       - ninja -C out/Default electron:electron_mksnapshot_zip
       - cd out\Default
       - 7z a mksnapshot.zip mksnapshot_args gen\v8\embedded.S

appveyor.yml

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 
 version: 1.0.{build}
 build_cloud: electronhq-16-core
-image: e-119.0.6019.2
+image: e-120.0.6099.0
 environment:
   GIT_CACHE_PATH: C:\Users\appveyor\libcc_cache
   ELECTRON_OUT_DIR: Default
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ for:
       - gn desc out/Default v8:run_mksnapshot_default args > out/Default/default_mksnapshot_args
       # Remove unused args from mksnapshot_args
       - ps: >-
-          Get-Content out/Default/default_mksnapshot_args | Where-Object { -not $_.Contains('--turbo-profiling-input') -And -not $_.Contains('builtins-pgo') } | Set-Content out/Default/mksnapshot_args
+          Get-Content out/Default/default_mksnapshot_args | Where-Object { -not $_.Contains('--turbo-profiling-input') -And -not $_.Contains('builtins-pgo') -And -not $_.Contains('The gn arg use_goma=true') } | Set-Content out/Default/mksnapshot_args
       - ninja -C out/Default electron:electron_mksnapshot_zip
       - cd out\Default
       - 7z a mksnapshot.zip mksnapshot_args gen\v8\embedded.S

build/args/all.gn

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ is_electron_build = true
 root_extra_deps = [ "//electron" ]
 
 # Registry of NMVs --> https://github.com/nodejs/node/blob/main/doc/abi_version_registry.json
-node_module_version = 118
+node_module_version = 119
 
 v8_promise_internal_field_count = 1
 v8_embedder_string = "-electron.0"

buildflags/buildflags.gni

@@ -18,4 +18,9 @@ declare_args() {
 
   # Enable Spellchecker support
   enable_builtin_spellchecker = true
+
+  # The version of Electron.
+  # Packagers and vendor builders should set this in gn args to avoid running
+  # the script that reads git tag.
+  override_electron_version = ""
 }

chromium_src/BUILD.gn

@@ -100,8 +100,6 @@ static_library("chrome") {
     "//chrome/browser/ui/ui_features.h",
     "//chrome/browser/ui/views/eye_dropper/eye_dropper.cc",
     "//chrome/browser/ui/views/eye_dropper/eye_dropper.h",
-    "//chrome/browser/ui/views/eye_dropper/eye_dropper_view.cc",
-    "//chrome/browser/ui/views/eye_dropper/eye_dropper_view.h",
     "//chrome/browser/ui/views/overlay/back_to_tab_label_button.cc",
     "//chrome/browser/ui/views/overlay/close_image_button.cc",
     "//chrome/browser/ui/views/overlay/close_image_button.h",
@@ -156,15 +154,6 @@ static_library("chrome") {
     sources += [ "//chrome/browser/media/webrtc/window_icon_util_ozone.cc" ]
   }
 
-  if (use_aura) {
-    sources += [
-      "//chrome/browser/platform_util_aura.cc",
-      "//chrome/browser/ui/views/eye_dropper/eye_dropper_view_aura.cc",
-      "//ui/views/native_window_tracker_aura.cc",
-      "//ui/views/native_window_tracker_aura.h",
-    ]
-  }
-
   public_deps = [
     "//chrome/browser:dev_ui_browser_resources",
     "//chrome/browser/resources/accessibility:resources",
@@ -189,6 +178,16 @@ static_library("chrome") {
     "//ui/views/controls/webview",
   ]
 
+  if (use_aura) {
+    sources += [
+      "//chrome/browser/platform_util_aura.cc",
+      "//chrome/browser/ui/views/eye_dropper/eye_dropper_aura.cc",
+      "//ui/views/native_window_tracker_aura.cc",
+      "//ui/views/native_window_tracker_aura.h",
+    ]
+    deps += [ "//components/eye_dropper" ]
+  }
+
   if (is_linux) {
     sources += [ "//chrome/browser/icon_loader_auralinux.cc" ]
     if (use_ozone) {
@@ -204,6 +203,10 @@ static_library("chrome") {
       "//chrome/browser/ui/views/status_icons/status_icon_linux_dbus.cc",
       "//chrome/browser/ui/views/status_icons/status_icon_linux_dbus.h",
     ]
+    sources += [
+      "//chrome/browser/ui/views/dark_mode_manager_linux.cc",
+      "//chrome/browser/ui/views/dark_mode_manager_linux.h",
+    ]
     public_deps += [
       "//components/dbus/menu",
       "//components/dbus/thread_linux",
@@ -215,7 +218,11 @@ static_library("chrome") {
       "//chrome/browser/win/icon_reader_service.cc",
       "//chrome/browser/win/icon_reader_service.h",
     ]
-    public_deps += [ "//chrome/services/util_win:lib" ]
+    public_deps += [
+      "//chrome/browser/web_applications/proto",
+      "//chrome/services/util_win:lib",
+      "//components/webapps/common:mojo_bindings",
+    ]
   }
 
   if (is_mac) {
@@ -249,6 +256,8 @@ static_library("chrome") {
     sources += [
       "//chrome/browser/bad_message.cc",
       "//chrome/browser/bad_message.h",
+      "//chrome/browser/printing/prefs_util.cc",
+      "//chrome/browser/printing/prefs_util.h",
       "//chrome/browser/printing/print_job.cc",
       "//chrome/browser/printing/print_job.h",
       "//chrome/browser/printing/print_job_manager.cc",
@@ -334,6 +343,34 @@ static_library("chrome") {
         "//components/pdf/renderer",
       ]
     }
+  } else {
+    # These are required by the webRequest module.
+    sources += [
+      "//extensions/browser/api/declarative_net_request/request_action.cc",
+      "//extensions/browser/api/declarative_net_request/request_action.h",
+      "//extensions/browser/api/web_request/form_data_parser.cc",
+      "//extensions/browser/api/web_request/form_data_parser.h",
+      "//extensions/browser/api/web_request/upload_data_presenter.cc",
+      "//extensions/browser/api/web_request/upload_data_presenter.h",
+      "//extensions/browser/api/web_request/web_request_api_constants.cc",
+      "//extensions/browser/api/web_request/web_request_api_constants.h",
+      "//extensions/browser/api/web_request/web_request_info.cc",
+      "//extensions/browser/api/web_request/web_request_info.h",
+      "//extensions/browser/api/web_request/web_request_resource_type.cc",
+      "//extensions/browser/api/web_request/web_request_resource_type.h",
+      "//extensions/browser/extension_api_frame_id_map.cc",
+      "//extensions/browser/extension_api_frame_id_map.h",
+      "//extensions/browser/extension_navigation_ui_data.cc",
+      "//extensions/browser/extension_navigation_ui_data.h",
+      "//extensions/browser/extensions_browser_client.cc",
+      "//extensions/browser/extensions_browser_client.h",
+      "//extensions/browser/guest_view/web_view/web_view_renderer_state.cc",
+      "//extensions/browser/guest_view/web_view/web_view_renderer_state.h",
+    ]
+
+    public_deps += [
+      "//extensions/browser/api/declarative_net_request/flat:extension_ruleset",
+    ]
   }
 
   if (!is_mas_build) {

docs/api/accelerator.md

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ Shortcuts are registered with the [`globalShortcut`](global-shortcut.md) module
 using the [`register`](global-shortcut.md#globalshortcutregisteraccelerator-callback)
 method, i.e.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { app, globalShortcut } = require('electron')
 
 app.whenReady().then(() => {

docs/api/app.md

@@ -1134,11 +1134,11 @@ indicates success while any other value indicates failure according to Chromium
     resolver will attempt to use the system's DNS settings to do DNS lookups
     itself. Enabled by default on macOS, disabled by default on Windows and
     Linux.
-  * `secureDnsMode` string (optional) - Can be "off", "automatic" or "secure".
-    Configures the DNS-over-HTTP mode. When "off", no DoH lookups will be
-    performed. When "automatic", DoH lookups will be performed first if DoH is
+  * `secureDnsMode` string (optional) - Can be 'off', 'automatic' or 'secure'.
+    Configures the DNS-over-HTTP mode. When 'off', no DoH lookups will be
+    performed. When 'automatic', DoH lookups will be performed first if DoH is
     available, and insecure DNS lookups will be performed as a fallback. When
-    "secure", only DoH lookups will be performed. Defaults to "automatic".
+    'secure', only DoH lookups will be performed. Defaults to 'automatic'.
   * `secureDnsServers` string[] (optional) - A list of DNS-over-HTTP
     server templates. See [RFC8484 § 3][] for details on the template format.
     Most servers support the POST method; the template for such servers is
@@ -1542,7 +1542,7 @@ A `boolean` property that returns  `true` if the app is packaged, `false` otherw
 [tasks]:https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/shell/taskbar-extensions#tasks
 [app-user-model-id]: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/shell/appids
 [electron-forge]: https://www.electronforge.io/
-[electron-packager]: https://github.com/electron/electron-packager
+[electron-packager]: https://github.com/electron/packager
 [CFBundleURLTypes]: https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/General/Reference/InfoPlistKeyReference/Articles/CoreFoundationKeys.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40009249-102207-TPXREF115
 [LSCopyDefaultHandlerForURLScheme]: https://developer.apple.com/documentation/coreservices/1441725-lscopydefaulthandlerforurlscheme?language=objc
 [handoff]: https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/UserExperience/Conceptual/Handoff/HandoffFundamentals/HandoffFundamentals.html
@@ -1571,19 +1571,6 @@ This is the user agent that will be used when no user agent is set at the
 app has the same user agent.  Set to a custom value as early as possible
 in your app's initialization to ensure that your overridden value is used.
 
-### `app.runningUnderRosettaTranslation` _macOS_ _Readonly_ _Deprecated_
-
-A `boolean` which when `true` indicates that the app is currently running
-under the [Rosetta Translator Environment](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosetta_(software)).
-
-You can use this property to prompt users to download the arm64 version of
-your application when they are running the x64 version under Rosetta
-incorrectly.
-
-**Deprecated:** This property is superceded by the `runningUnderARM64Translation`
-property which detects when the app is being translated to ARM64 in both macOS
-and Windows.
-
 ### `app.runningUnderARM64Translation` _Readonly_ _macOS_ _Windows_
 
 A `boolean` which when `true` indicates that the app is currently running under

docs/api/browser-view.md

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ module is emitted.
 
 ### Example
 
-```javascript
+```js
 // In the main process.
 const { app, BrowserView, BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
 

docs/api/browser-window.md

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ Process: [Main](../glossary.md#main-process)
 This module cannot be used until the `ready` event of the `app`
 module is emitted.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 // In the main process.
 const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
 
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ While loading the page, the `ready-to-show` event will be emitted when the rende
 process has rendered the page for the first time if the window has not been shown yet. Showing
 the window after this event will have no visual flash:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
 const win = new BrowserWindow({ show: false })
 win.once('ready-to-show', () => {
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ For a complex app, the `ready-to-show` event could be emitted too late, making
 the app feel slow. In this case, it is recommended to show the window
 immediately, and use a `backgroundColor` close to your app's background:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
 
 const win = new BrowserWindow({ backgroundColor: '#2e2c29' })
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ For more information about these color types see valid options in [win.setBackgr
 
 By using `parent` option, you can create child windows:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
 
 const top = new BrowserWindow()
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ The `child` window will always show on top of the `top` window.
 A modal window is a child window that disables parent window, to create a modal
 window, you have to set both `parent` and `modal` options:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
 
 const top = new BrowserWindow()
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ window should be closed, which will also be called when the window is
 reloaded. In Electron, returning any value other than `undefined` would cancel the
 close. For example:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 window.onbeforeunload = (e) => {
   console.log('I do not want to be closed')
 
@@ -351,7 +351,7 @@ Commands are lowercased, underscores are replaced with hyphens, and the
 `APPCOMMAND_` prefix is stripped off.
 e.g. `APPCOMMAND_BROWSER_BACKWARD` is emitted as `browser-backward`.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
 const win = new BrowserWindow()
 win.on('app-command', (e, cmd) => {
@@ -456,7 +456,7 @@ Returns `BrowserWindow | null` - The window with the given `id`.
 
 Objects created with `new BrowserWindow` have the following properties:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
 // In this example `win` is our instance
 const win = new BrowserWindow({ width: 800, height: 600 })
@@ -475,6 +475,10 @@ events.
 
 A `Integer` property representing the unique ID of the window. Each ID is unique among all `BrowserWindow` instances of the entire Electron application.
 
+#### `win.tabbingIdentifier` _macOS_ _Readonly_
+
+A `string` (optional) property that is equal to the `tabbingIdentifier` passed to the `BrowserWindow` constructor or `undefined` if none was set.
+
 #### `win.autoHideMenuBar`
 
 A `boolean` property that determines whether the window menu bar should hide itself automatically. Once set, the menu bar will only show when users press the single `Alt` key.
@@ -776,7 +780,7 @@ Closes the currently open [Quick Look][quick-look] panel.
 
 Resizes and moves the window to the supplied bounds. Any properties that are not supplied will default to their current values.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
 const win = new BrowserWindow()
 
@@ -1031,7 +1035,7 @@ Changes the attachment point for sheets on macOS. By default, sheets are
 attached just below the window frame, but you may want to display them beneath
 a HTML-rendered toolbar. For example:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
 const win = new BrowserWindow()
 
@@ -1174,7 +1178,7 @@ To ensure that file URLs are properly formatted, it is recommended to use
 Node's [`url.format`](https://nodejs.org/api/url.html#url_url_format_urlobject)
 method:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
 const win = new BrowserWindow()
 
@@ -1190,7 +1194,7 @@ win.loadURL(url)
 You can load a URL using a `POST` request with URL-encoded data by doing
 the following:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
 const win = new BrowserWindow()
 

docs/api/client-request.md

@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ strictly follow the Node.js model as described in the
 
 For instance, we could have created the same request to 'github.com' as follows:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const request = net.request({
   method: 'GET',
   protocol: 'https:',
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ The `callback` function is expected to be called back with user credentials:
 * `username` string
 * `password` string
 
-```javascript @ts-type={request:Electron.ClientRequest}
+```js @ts-type={request:Electron.ClientRequest}
 request.on('login', (authInfo, callback) => {
   callback('username', 'password')
 })
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ request.on('login', (authInfo, callback) => {
 Providing empty credentials will cancel the request and report an authentication
 error on the response object:
 
-```javascript @ts-type={request:Electron.ClientRequest}
+```js @ts-type={request:Electron.ClientRequest}
 request.on('response', (response) => {
   console.log(`STATUS: ${response.statusCode}`)
   response.on('error', (error) => {

docs/api/clipboard.md

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ Process: [Main](../glossary.md#main-process), [Renderer](../glossary.md#renderer
 On Linux, there is also a `selection` clipboard. To manipulate it
 you need to pass `selection` to each method:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { clipboard } = require('electron')
 
 clipboard.writeText('Example string', 'selection')

docs/api/command-line-switches.md

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ You can use [app.commandLine.appendSwitch][append-switch] to append them in
 your app's main script before the [ready][ready] event of the [app][app] module
 is emitted:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { app } = require('electron')
 app.commandLine.appendSwitch('remote-debugging-port', '8315')
 app.commandLine.appendSwitch('host-rules', 'MAP * 127.0.0.1')
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ list of hosts. This flag has an effect only if used in tandem with
 
 For example:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { app } = require('electron')
 app.commandLine.appendSwitch('proxy-bypass-list', '<local>;*.google.com;*foo.com;1.2.3.4:5678')
 ```

docs/api/command-line.md

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ _This class is not exported from the `'electron'` module. It is only available a
 
 The following example shows how to check if the `--disable-gpu` flag is set.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { app } = require('electron')
 app.commandLine.hasSwitch('disable-gpu')
 ```

docs/api/content-tracing.md

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ This module does not include a web interface. To view recorded traces, use
 **Note:** You should not use this module until the `ready` event of the app
 module is emitted.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { app, contentTracing } = require('electron')
 
 app.whenReady().then(() => {

docs/api/context-bridge.md

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ Process: [Renderer](../glossary.md#renderer-process)
 
 An example of exposing an API to a renderer from an isolated preload script is given below:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 // Preload (Isolated World)
 const { contextBridge, ipcRenderer } = require('electron')
 
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ contextBridge.exposeInMainWorld(
 )
 ```
 
-```javascript @ts-nocheck
+```js @ts-nocheck
 // Renderer (Main World)
 
 window.electron.doThing()
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ the API become immutable and updates on either side of the bridge do not result
 
 An example of a complex API is shown below:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { contextBridge, ipcRenderer } = require('electron')
 
 contextBridge.exposeInMainWorld(
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ contextBridge.exposeInMainWorld(
 
 An example of `exposeInIsolatedWorld` is shown below:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { contextBridge, ipcRenderer } = require('electron')
 
 contextBridge.exposeInIsolatedWorld(
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ contextBridge.exposeInIsolatedWorld(
 )
 ```
 
-```javascript @ts-nocheck
+```js @ts-nocheck
 // Renderer (In isolated world id1004)
 
 window.electron.doThing()
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ The table of supported types described above also applies to Node APIs that you
 Please note that many Node APIs grant access to local system resources.
 Be very cautious about which globals and APIs you expose to untrusted remote content.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { contextBridge } = require('electron')
 const crypto = require('node:crypto')
 contextBridge.exposeInMainWorld('nodeCrypto', {

docs/api/cookies.md

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ a `Session`.
 
 For example:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { session } = require('electron')
 
 // Query all cookies.

docs/api/crash-reporter.md

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ Process: [Main](../glossary.md#main-process), [Renderer](../glossary.md#renderer
 The following is an example of setting up Electron to automatically submit
 crash reports to a remote server:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { crashReporter } = require('electron')
 
 crashReporter.start({ submitURL: 'https://your-domain.com/url-to-submit' })

docs/api/debugger.md

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ _This class is not exported from the `'electron'` module. It is only available a
 Chrome Developer Tools has a [special binding][rdp] available at JavaScript
 runtime that allows interacting with pages and instrumenting them.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
 const win = new BrowserWindow()
 

docs/api/desktop-capturer.md

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ Process: [Main](../glossary.md#main-process)
 The following example shows how to capture video from a desktop window whose
 title is `Electron`:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 // In the main process.
 const { BrowserWindow, desktopCapturer } = require('electron')
 
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ desktopCapturer.getSources({ types: ['window', 'screen'] }).then(async sources =
 })
 ```
 
-```javascript @ts-nocheck
+```js @ts-nocheck
 // In the preload script.
 const { ipcRenderer } = require('electron')
 
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ To capture both audio and video from the entire desktop the constraints passed
 to [`navigator.mediaDevices.getUserMedia`][] must include `chromeMediaSource: 'desktop'`,
 for both `audio` and `video`, but should not include a `chromeMediaSourceId` constraint.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const constraints = {
   audio: {
     mandatory: {

docs/api/dialog.md

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ Process: [Main](../glossary.md#main-process)
 
 An example of showing a dialog to select multiple files:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { dialog } = require('electron')
 console.log(dialog.showOpenDialog({ properties: ['openFile', 'multiSelections'] }))
 ```
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ The `browserWindow` argument allows the dialog to attach itself to a parent wind
 The `filters` specifies an array of file types that can be displayed or
 selected when you want to limit the user to a specific type. For example:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 {
   filters: [
     { name: 'Images', extensions: ['jpg', 'png', 'gif'] },
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ The `browserWindow` argument allows the dialog to attach itself to a parent wind
 The `filters` specifies an array of file types that can be displayed or
 selected when you want to limit the user to a specific type. For example:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 {
   filters: [
     { name: 'Images', extensions: ['jpg', 'png', 'gif'] },

docs/api/dock.md

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ _This class is not exported from the `'electron'` module. It is only available a
 
 The following example shows how to bounce your icon on the dock.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { app } = require('electron')
 app.dock.bounce()
 ```

docs/api/download-item.md

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ _This class is not exported from the `'electron'` module. It is only available a
 It is used in `will-download` event of `Session` class, and allows users to
 control the download item.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 // In the main process.
 const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
 const win = new BrowserWindow()

docs/api/environment-variables.md

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ geolocation webservice. To enable this feature, acquire a
 and place the following code in your main process file, before opening any
 browser windows that will make geolocation requests:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 process.env.GOOGLE_API_KEY = 'YOUR_KEY_HERE'
 ```
 

docs/api/global-shortcut.md

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ shortcuts.
 not have the keyboard focus. This module cannot be used before the `ready`
 event of the app module is emitted.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { app, globalShortcut } = require('electron')
 
 app.whenReady().then(() => {

docs/api/incoming-message.md

@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ tuples. So, the even-numbered offsets are key values, and the odd-numbered
 offsets are the associated values. Header names are not lowercased, and
 duplicates are not merged.
 
-```javascript @ts-type={response:Electron.IncomingMessage}
+```js @ts-type={response:Electron.IncomingMessage}
 // Prints something like:
 //
 // [ 'user-agent',

docs/api/ipc-renderer.md

@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ The main process should listen for `channel` with
 
 For example:
 
-```javascript @ts-type={someArgument:unknown} @ts-type={doSomeWork:(arg:unknown)=>Promise<unknown>}
+```js @ts-type={someArgument:unknown} @ts-type={doSomeWork:(arg:unknown)=>Promise<unknown>}
 // Renderer process
 ipcRenderer.invoke('some-name', someArgument).then((result) => {
   // ...

docs/api/menu.md

@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ can have a submenu.
 
 An example of creating the application menu with the simple template API:
 
-```javascript @ts-expect-error=[107]
+```js @ts-expect-error=[107]
 const { app, Menu } = require('electron')
 
 const isMac = process.platform === 'darwin'
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ By default, items will be inserted in the order they exist in the template unles
 
 Template:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 [
   { id: '1', label: 'one' },
   { id: '2', label: 'two' },
@@ -373,7 +373,7 @@ Menu:
 
 Template:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 [
   { id: '1', label: 'one' },
   { type: 'separator' },
@@ -397,7 +397,7 @@ Menu:
 
 Template:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 [
   { id: '1', label: 'one', after: ['3'] },
   { id: '2', label: 'two', before: ['1'] },

docs/api/native-image.md

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ In Electron, for the APIs that take images, you can pass either file paths or
 For example, when creating a tray or setting a window's icon, you can pass an
 image file path as a `string`:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { BrowserWindow, Tray } = require('electron')
 
 const appIcon = new Tray('/Users/somebody/images/icon.png')
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ console.log(appIcon, win)
 
 Or read the image from the clipboard, which returns a `NativeImage`:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { clipboard, Tray } = require('electron')
 const image = clipboard.readImage()
 const appIcon = new Tray(image)
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ images/
 └── icon@3x.png
 ```
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { Tray } = require('electron')
 const appIcon = new Tray('/Users/somebody/images/icon.png')
 console.log(appIcon)
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ Creates a new `NativeImage` instance from a file located at `path`. This method
 returns an empty image if the `path` does not exist, cannot be read, or is not
 a valid image.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const nativeImage = require('electron').nativeImage
 
 const image = nativeImage.createFromPath('/Users/somebody/images/icon.png')

docs/api/net-log.md

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 Process: [Main](../glossary.md#main-process)
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { app, netLog } = require('electron')
 
 app.whenReady().then(async () => {

docs/api/net.md

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ Node.js.
 
 Example usage:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { app } = require('electron')
 app.whenReady().then(() => {
   const { net } = require('electron')

docs/api/notification.md

@@ -85,6 +85,8 @@ Emitted when the notification is closed by manual intervention from the user.
 This event is not guaranteed to be emitted in all cases where the notification
 is closed.
 
+On Windows, the `close` event can be emitted in one of three ways: programmatic dismissal with `notification.close()`, by the user closing the notification, or via system timeout. If a notification is in the Action Center after the initial `close` event is emitted, a call to `notification.close()` will remove the notification from the action center but the `close` event will not be emitted again.
+
 #### Event: 'reply' _macOS_
 
 Returns:
@@ -127,6 +129,8 @@ shown notification and create a new one with identical properties.
 
 Dismisses the notification.
 
+On Windows, calling `notification.close()` while the notification is visible on screen will dismiss the notification and remove it from the Action Center. If `notification.close()` is called after the notification is no longer visible on screen, calling `notification.close()` will try remove it from the Action Center.
+
 ### Instance Properties
 
 #### `notification.title`

docs/api/power-save-blocker.md

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ Process: [Main](../glossary.md#main-process)
 
 For example:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { powerSaveBlocker } = require('electron')
 
 const id = powerSaveBlocker.start('prevent-display-sleep')

docs/api/protocol.md

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ Process: [Main](../glossary.md#main-process)
 An example of implementing a protocol that has the same effect as the
 `file://` protocol:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { app, protocol, net } = require('electron')
 
 app.whenReady().then(() => {
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ a different session and your custom protocol will not work if you just use
 To have your custom protocol work in combination with a custom session, you need
 to register it to that session explicitly.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { app, BrowserWindow, net, protocol, session } = require('electron')
 const path = require('node:path')
 const url = require('url')
@@ -61,13 +61,14 @@ The `protocol` module has the following methods:
 module gets emitted and can be called only once.
 
 Registers the `scheme` as standard, secure, bypasses content security policy for
-resources, allows registering ServiceWorker, supports fetch API, and streaming
-video/audio. Specify a privilege with the value of `true` to enable the capability.
+resources, allows registering ServiceWorker, supports fetch API, streaming
+video/audio, and V8 code cache. Specify a privilege with the value of `true` to
+enable the capability.
 
 An example of registering a privileged scheme, that bypasses Content Security
 Policy:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { protocol } = require('electron')
 protocol.registerSchemesAsPrivileged([
   { scheme: 'foo', privileges: { bypassCSP: true } }
@@ -212,7 +213,7 @@ property.
 
 Example:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 protocol.registerBufferProtocol('atom', (request, callback) => {
   callback({ mimeType: 'text/html', data: Buffer.from('<h5>Response</h5>') })
 })
@@ -267,7 +268,7 @@ has the `data` property.
 
 Example:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { protocol } = require('electron')
 const { PassThrough } = require('stream')
 
@@ -292,7 +293,7 @@ protocol.registerStreamProtocol('atom', (request, callback) => {
 It is possible to pass any object that implements the readable stream API (emits
 `data`/`end`/`error` events). For example, here's how a file could be returned:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 protocol.registerStreamProtocol('atom', (request, callback) => {
   callback(fs.createReadStream('index.html'))
 })

docs/api/push-notifications.md

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ Process: [Main](../glossary.md#main-process)
 
 For example, when registering for push notifications via Apple push notification services (APNS):
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { pushNotifications, Notification } = require('electron')
 
 pushNotifications.registerForAPNSNotifications().then((token) => {

docs/api/screen.md

@@ -14,20 +14,29 @@ property, so writing `let { screen } = require('electron')` will not work.
 
 An example of creating a window that fills the whole screen:
 
-```javascript fiddle='docs/fiddles/screen/fit-screen'
-const { app, BrowserWindow, screen } = require('electron')
+```fiddle docs/fiddles/screen/fit-screen
+// Retrieve information about screen size, displays, cursor position, etc.
+//
+// For more info, see:
+// https://www.electronjs.org/docs/latest/api/screen
+
+const { app, BrowserWindow, screen } = require('electron/main')
+
+let mainWindow = null
 
-let win
 app.whenReady().then(() => {
-  const { width, height } = screen.getPrimaryDisplay().workAreaSize
-  win = new BrowserWindow({ width, height })
-  win.loadURL('https://github.com')
+  // Create a window that fills the screen's available work area.
+  const primaryDisplay = screen.getPrimaryDisplay()
+  const { width, height } = primaryDisplay.workAreaSize
+
+  mainWindow = new BrowserWindow({ width, height })
+  mainWindow.loadURL('https://electronjs.org')
 })
 ```
 
 Another example of creating a window in the external display:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { app, BrowserWindow, screen } = require('electron')
 
 let win

docs/api/service-workers.md

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ a `Session`.
 
 For example:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { session } = require('electron')
 
 // Get all service workers.

docs/api/session.md

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ The `session` module can be used to create new `Session` objects.
 You can also access the `session` of existing pages by using the `session`
 property of [`WebContents`](web-contents.md), or from the `session` module.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
 
 const win = new BrowserWindow({ width: 800, height: 600 })
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ _This class is not exported from the `'electron'` module. It is only available a
 
 You can create a `Session` object in the `session` module:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { session } = require('electron')
 const ses = session.fromPartition('persist:name')
 console.log(ses.getUserAgent())
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ Emitted when Electron is about to download `item` in `webContents`.
 Calling `event.preventDefault()` will cancel the download and `item` will not be
 available from next tick of the process.
 
-```javascript @ts-expect-error=[4]
+```js @ts-expect-error=[4]
 const { session } = require('electron')
 session.defaultSession.on('will-download', (event, item, webContents) => {
   event.preventDefault()
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ cancel the request.  Additionally, permissioning on `navigator.hid` can
 be further managed by using [`ses.setPermissionCheckHandler(handler)`](#sessetpermissioncheckhandlerhandler)
 and [`ses.setDevicePermissionHandler(handler)`](#sessetdevicepermissionhandlerhandler).
 
-```javascript @ts-type={fetchGrantedDevices:()=>(Array<Electron.DevicePermissionHandlerHandlerDetails['device']>)}
+```js @ts-type={fetchGrantedDevices:()=>(Array<Electron.DevicePermissionHandlerHandlerDetails['device']>)}
 const { app, BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
 
 let win = null
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ Returns:
 
 * `event` Event
 * `details` Object
-  * `device` [HIDDevice[]](structures/hid-device.md)
+  * `device` [HIDDevice](structures/hid-device.md)
   * `frame` [WebFrameMain](web-frame-main.md)
 
 Emitted after `navigator.hid.requestDevice` has been called and
@@ -281,7 +281,7 @@ Returns:
 
 * `event` Event
 * `details` Object
-  * `device` [HIDDevice[]](structures/hid-device.md)
+  * `device` [HIDDevice](structures/hid-device.md)
   * `frame` [WebFrameMain](web-frame-main.md)
 
 Emitted after `navigator.hid.requestDevice` has been called and
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ Returns:
 
 * `event` Event
 * `details` Object
-  * `device` [HIDDevice[]](structures/hid-device.md)
+  * `device` [HIDDevice](structures/hid-device.md)
   * `origin` string (optional) - The origin that the device has been revoked from.
 
 Emitted after `HIDDevice.forget()` has been called.  This event can be used
@@ -320,7 +320,7 @@ cancel the request.  Additionally, permissioning on `navigator.serial` can
 be managed by using [ses.setPermissionCheckHandler(handler)](#sessetpermissioncheckhandlerhandler)
 with the `serial` permission.
 
-```javascript @ts-type={fetchGrantedDevices:()=>(Array<Electron.DevicePermissionHandlerHandlerDetails['device']>)}
+```js @ts-type={fetchGrantedDevices:()=>(Array<Electron.DevicePermissionHandlerHandlerDetails['device']>)}
 const { app, BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
 
 let win = null
@@ -463,7 +463,7 @@ cancel the request.  Additionally, permissioning on `navigator.usb` can
 be further managed by using [`ses.setPermissionCheckHandler(handler)`](#sessetpermissioncheckhandlerhandler)
 and [`ses.setDevicePermissionHandler(handler)`](#sessetdevicepermissionhandlerhandler).
 
-```javascript @ts-type={fetchGrantedDevices:()=>(Array<Electron.DevicePermissionHandlerHandlerDetails['device']>)} @ts-type={updateGrantedDevices:(devices:Array<Electron.DevicePermissionHandlerHandlerDetails['device']>)=>void}
+```js @ts-type={fetchGrantedDevices:()=>(Array<Electron.DevicePermissionHandlerHandlerDetails['device']>)} @ts-type={updateGrantedDevices:(devices:Array<Electron.DevicePermissionHandlerHandlerDetails['device']>)=>void}
 const { app, BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
 
 let win = null
@@ -754,7 +754,7 @@ Sets download saving directory. By default, the download directory will be the
 
 Emulates network with the given configuration for the `session`.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const win = new BrowserWindow()
 
 // To emulate a GPRS connection with 50kbps throughput and 500 ms latency.
@@ -785,7 +785,7 @@ Returns `Promise<void>` - Resolves when all connections are closed.
 #### `ses.fetch(input[, init])`
 
 * `input` string | [GlobalRequest](https://nodejs.org/api/globals.html#request)
-* `init` [RequestInit](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/fetch#options) (optional)
+* `init` [RequestInit](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/fetch#options) & { bypassCustomProtocolHandlers?: boolean } (optional)
 
 Returns `Promise<GlobalResponse>` - see [Response](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Response).
 
@@ -868,7 +868,7 @@ calling `callback(-2)` rejects it.
 Calling `setCertificateVerifyProc(null)` will revert back to default certificate
 verify proc.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
 const win = new BrowserWindow()
 
@@ -901,6 +901,7 @@ win.webContents.session.setCertificateVerifyProc((request, callback) => {
     * `midiSysex` - Request the use of system exclusive messages in the [Web MIDI API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Web_MIDI_API).
     * `notifications` - Request notification creation and the ability to display them in the user's system tray using the [Notifications API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/notification)
     * `pointerLock` - Request to directly interpret mouse movements as an input method via the [Pointer Lock API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Pointer_Lock_API). These requests always appear to originate from the main frame.
+    * `keyboardLock` - Request capture of keypresses for any or all of the keys on the physical keyboard via the [Keyboard Lock API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Keyboard/lock). These requests always appear to originate from the main frame.
     * `openExternal` - Request to open links in external applications.
     * `window-management` - Request access to enumerate screens using the [`getScreenDetails`](https://developer.chrome.com/en/articles/multi-screen-window-placement/) API.
     * `unknown` - An unrecognized permission request.
@@ -920,7 +921,7 @@ To clear the handler, call `setPermissionRequestHandler(null)`.  Please note tha
 you must also implement `setPermissionCheckHandler` to get complete permission handling.
 Most web APIs do a permission check and then make a permission request if the check is denied.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { session } = require('electron')
 session.fromPartition('some-partition').setPermissionRequestHandler((webContents, permission, callback) => {
   if (webContents.getURL() === 'some-host' && permission === 'notifications') {
@@ -966,7 +967,7 @@ you must also implement `setPermissionRequestHandler` to get complete permission
 Most web APIs do a permission check and then make a permission request if the check is denied.
 To clear the handler, call `setPermissionCheckHandler(null)`.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { session } = require('electron')
 const url = require('url')
 session.fromPartition('some-partition').setPermissionCheckHandler((webContents, permission, requestingOrigin) => {
@@ -1011,7 +1012,7 @@ via the `navigator.mediaDevices.getDisplayMedia` API. Use the
 [desktopCapturer](desktop-capturer.md) API to choose which stream(s) to grant
 access to.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { session, desktopCapturer } = require('electron')
 
 session.defaultSession.setDisplayMediaRequestHandler((request, callback) => {
@@ -1025,7 +1026,7 @@ session.defaultSession.setDisplayMediaRequestHandler((request, callback) => {
 Passing a [WebFrameMain](web-frame-main.md) object as a video or audio stream
 will capture the video or audio stream from that frame.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { session } = require('electron')
 
 session.defaultSession.setDisplayMediaRequestHandler((request, callback) => {
@@ -1050,11 +1051,11 @@ To clear the handler, call `setDevicePermissionHandler(null)`.
 This handler can be used to provide default permissioning to devices without first calling for permission
 to devices (eg via `navigator.hid.requestDevice`).  If this handler is not defined, the default device
 permissions as granted through device selection (eg via `navigator.hid.requestDevice`) will be used.
-Additionally, the default behavior of Electron is to store granted device permision in memory.
+Additionally, the default behavior of Electron is to store granted device permission in memory.
 If longer term storage is needed, a developer can store granted device
 permissions (eg when handling the `select-hid-device` event) and then read from that storage with `setDevicePermissionHandler`.
 
-```javascript @ts-type={fetchGrantedDevices:()=>(Array<Electron.DevicePermissionHandlerHandlerDetails['device']>)}
+```js @ts-type={fetchGrantedDevices:()=>(Array<Electron.DevicePermissionHandlerHandlerDetails['device']>)}
 const { app, BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
 
 let win = null
@@ -1136,7 +1137,7 @@ The return value for the handler is a string array of USB classes which should b
 Returning an empty string array from the handler will allow all USB classes; returning the passed in array will maintain the default list of protected USB classes (this is also the default behavior if a handler is not defined).
 To clear the handler, call `setUSBProtectedClassesHandler(null)`.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { app, BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
 
 let win = null
@@ -1191,7 +1192,7 @@ that requires additional validation will be automatically cancelled.
 macOS does not require a handler because macOS handles the pairing
 automatically.  To clear the handler, call `setBluetoothPairingHandler(null)`.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { app, BrowserWindow, session } = require('electron')
 const path = require('node:path')
 
@@ -1237,7 +1238,7 @@ Clears the host resolver cache.
 Dynamically sets whether to always send credentials for HTTP NTLM or Negotiate
 authentication.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { session } = require('electron')
 // consider any url ending with `example.com`, `foobar.com`, `baz`
 // for integrated authentication.
@@ -1355,6 +1356,10 @@ registered.
 Sets the directory to store the generated JS [code cache](https://v8.dev/blog/code-caching-for-devs) for this session. The directory is not required to be created by the user before this call, the runtime will create if it does not exist otherwise will use the existing directory. If directory cannot be created, then code cache will not be used and all operations related to code cache will fail silently inside the runtime. By default, the directory will be `Code Cache` under the
 respective user data folder.
 
+Note that by default code cache is only enabled for http(s) URLs, to enable code
+cache for custom protocols, `codeCache: true` and `standard: true` must be
+specified when registering the protocol.
+
 #### `ses.clearCodeCaches(options)`
 
 * `options` Object
@@ -1542,7 +1547,7 @@ A [`WebRequest`](web-request.md) object for this session.
 
 A [`Protocol`](protocol.md) object for this session.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { app, session } = require('electron')
 const path = require('node:path')
 
@@ -1561,7 +1566,7 @@ app.whenReady().then(() => {
 
 A [`NetLog`](net-log.md) object for this session.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { app, session } = require('electron')
 
 app.whenReady().then(async () => {

docs/api/shell.md

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ The `shell` module provides functions related to desktop integration.
 
 An example of opening a URL in the user's default browser:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { shell } = require('electron')
 
 shell.openExternal('https://github.com')

docs/api/structures/custom-scheme.md

@@ -9,3 +9,5 @@
   * `supportFetchAPI` boolean (optional) - Default false.
   * `corsEnabled` boolean (optional) - Default false.
   * `stream` boolean (optional) - Default false.
+  * `codeCache` boolean (optional) - Enable V8 code cache for the scheme, only
+    works when `standard` is also set to true. Default false.

docs/api/structures/display.md

@@ -1,22 +1,25 @@
 # Display Object
 
-* `id` number - Unique identifier associated with the display.
+* `accelerometerSupport` string - Can be `available`, `unavailable`, `unknown`.
+* `bounds` [Rectangle](rectangle.md) - the bounds of the display in DIP points.
+* `colorDepth` number - The number of bits per pixel.
+* `colorSpace` string -  represent a color space (three-dimensional object which contains all realizable color combinations) for the purpose of color conversions.
+* `depthPerComponent` number - The number of bits per color component.
+* `detected` boolean - `true`` if the display is detected by the system.
+* `displayFrequency` number - The display refresh rate.
+* `id` number - Unique identifier associated with the display. A value of of -1 means the display is invalid or the correct `id` is not yet known, and a value of -10 means the display is a virtual display assigned to a unified desktop.
+* `internal` boolean - `true` for an internal display and `false` for an external display.
 * `label` string - User-friendly label, determined by the platform.
+* `maximumCursorSize` [Size](size.md) - Maximum cursor size in native pixels.
+* `nativeOrigin` [Point](point.md) - Returns the display's origin in pixel coordinates. Only available on windowing systems like X11 that position displays in pixel coordinates.
 * `rotation` number - Can be 0, 90, 180, 270, represents screen rotation in
   clock-wise degrees.
 * `scaleFactor` number - Output device's pixel scale factor.
 * `touchSupport` string - Can be `available`, `unavailable`, `unknown`.
 * `monochrome` boolean - Whether or not the display is a monochrome display.
-* `accelerometerSupport` string - Can be `available`, `unavailable`, `unknown`.
-* `colorSpace` string -  represent a color space (three-dimensional object which contains all realizable color combinations) for the purpose of color conversions
-* `colorDepth` number - The number of bits per pixel.
-* `depthPerComponent` number - The number of bits per color component.
-* `displayFrequency` number - The display refresh rate.
-* `bounds` [Rectangle](rectangle.md) - the bounds of the display in DIP points.
 * `size` [Size](size.md)
 * `workArea` [Rectangle](rectangle.md) - the work area of the display in DIP points.
-* `workAreaSize` [Size](size.md)
-* `internal` boolean - `true` for an internal display and `false` for an external display
+* `workAreaSize` [Size](size.md) - The size of the work area.
 
 The `Display` object represents a physical display connected to the system. A
 fake `Display` may exist on a headless system, or a `Display` may correspond to

docs/api/structures/printer-info.md

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ The number represented by `status` means different things on different platforms
 Below is an example of some of the additional options that may be set which
 may be different on each platform.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 {
   name: 'Austin_4th_Floor_Printer___C02XK13BJHD4',
   displayName: 'Austin 4th Floor Printer @ C02XK13BJHD4',

docs/api/structures/web-preferences.md

@@ -74,7 +74,11 @@
 * `defaultEncoding` string (optional) - Defaults to `ISO-8859-1`.
 * `backgroundThrottling` boolean (optional) - Whether to throttle animations and timers
   when the page becomes background. This also affects the
-  [Page Visibility API](../browser-window.md#page-visibility). Defaults to `true`.
+  [Page Visibility API](../browser-window.md#page-visibility). When at least one
+  [webContents](../web-contents.md) displayed in a single
+  [browserWindow](../browser-window.md) has disabled `backgroundThrottling` then
+  frames will be drawn and swapped for the whole window and other
+  [webContents](../web-contents.md) displayed by it. Defaults to `true`.
 * `offscreen` boolean (optional) - Whether to enable offscreen rendering for the browser
   window. Defaults to `false`. See the
   [offscreen rendering tutorial](../../tutorial/offscreen-rendering.md) for

docs/api/system-preferences.md

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 Process: [Main](../glossary.md#main-process)
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { systemPreferences } = require('electron')
 console.log(systemPreferences.isAeroGlassEnabled())
 ```
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ enabled, and `false` otherwise.
 An example of using it to determine if you should create a transparent window or
 not (transparent windows won't work correctly when DWM composition is disabled):
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { BrowserWindow, systemPreferences } = require('electron')
 const browserOptions = { width: 1000, height: 800 }
 
@@ -306,7 +306,7 @@ This API is only available on macOS 10.14 Mojave or newer.
     * `window-background` - The background of a window.
     * `window-frame-text` - The text in the window's titlebar area.
 
-Returns `string` - The system color setting in RGB hexadecimal form (`#ABCDEF`).
+Returns `string` - The system color setting in RGBA hexadecimal form (`#RRGGBBAA`).
 See the [Windows docs][windows-colors] and the [macOS docs][macos-colors] for more details.
 
 The following colors are only available on macOS 10.14: `find-highlight`, `selected-content-background`, `separator`, `unemphasized-selected-content-background`, `unemphasized-selected-text-background`, and `unemphasized-selected-text`.
@@ -348,7 +348,7 @@ Returns `boolean` - whether or not this device has the ability to use Touch ID.
 
 Returns `Promise<void>` - resolves if the user has successfully authenticated with Touch ID.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { systemPreferences } = require('electron')
 
 systemPreferences.promptTouchID('To get consent for a Security-Gated Thing').then(success => {

docs/api/touch-bar.md

@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ immediately updates the escape item in the touch bar.
 Below is an example of a simple slot machine touch bar game with a button
 and some labels.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { app, BrowserWindow, TouchBar } = require('electron')
 
 const { TouchBarLabel, TouchBarButton, TouchBarSpacer } = TouchBar

docs/api/tray.md

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ Process: [Main](../glossary.md#main-process)
 
 `Tray` is an [EventEmitter][event-emitter].
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { app, Menu, Tray } = require('electron')
 
 let tray = null
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ app.whenReady().then(() => {
 * In order for changes made to individual `MenuItem`s to take effect,
   you have to call `setContextMenu` again. For example:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { app, Menu, Tray } = require('electron')
 
 let appIcon = null
@@ -111,6 +111,15 @@ Returns:
 
 Emitted when the tray icon is double clicked.
 
+#### Event: 'middle-click' _Windows_
+
+Returns:
+
+* `event` [KeyboardEvent](structures/keyboard-event.md)
+* `bounds` [Rectangle](structures/rectangle.md) - The bounds of tray icon.
+
+Emitted when the tray icon is middle clicked.
+
 #### Event: 'balloon-show' _Windows_
 
 Emitted when the tray balloon shows.
@@ -178,7 +187,7 @@ Returns:
 
 Emitted when the mouse clicks the tray icon.
 
-#### Event: 'mouse-enter' _macOS_
+#### Event: 'mouse-enter' _macOS_ _Windows_
 
 Returns:
 
@@ -187,7 +196,7 @@ Returns:
 
 Emitted when the mouse enters the tray icon.
 
-#### Event: 'mouse-leave' _macOS_
+#### Event: 'mouse-leave' _macOS_ _Windows_
 
 Returns:
 

docs/api/utility-process.md

@@ -28,8 +28,9 @@ Process: [Main](../glossary.md#main-process)<br />
     * `ignore`: equivalent to \['ignore', 'ignore', 'ignore']
     * `inherit`: equivalent to \['ignore', 'inherit', 'inherit']
   * `serviceName` string (optional) - Name of the process that will appear in `name` property of
-    [`child-process-gone` event of `app`](app.md#event-child-process-gone).
-    Default is `node.mojom.NodeService`.
+    [`ProcessMetric`](structures/process-metric.md) returned by [`app.getAppMetrics`](app.md#appgetappmetrics)
+    and [`child-process-gone` event of `app`](app.md#event-child-process-gone).
+    Default is `Node Utility Process`.
   * `allowLoadingUnsignedLibraries` boolean (optional) _macOS_ - With this flag, the utility process will be
     launched via the `Electron Helper (Plugin).app` helper executable on macOS, which can be
     codesigned with `com.apple.security.cs.disable-library-validation` and

docs/api/web-contents.md

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ It is responsible for rendering and controlling a web page and is a property of
 the [`BrowserWindow`](browser-window.md) object. An example of accessing the
 `webContents` object:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
 
 const win = new BrowserWindow({ width: 800, height: 1500 })
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ If you want to also observe navigations in `<iframe>`s, use [`will-frame-navigat
 
 These methods can be accessed from the `webContents` module:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { webContents } = require('electron')
 console.log(webContents)
 ```
@@ -439,7 +439,7 @@ Emitted when a `beforeunload` event handler is attempting to cancel a page unloa
 Calling `event.preventDefault()` will ignore the `beforeunload` event handler
 and allow the page to be unloaded.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { BrowserWindow, dialog } = require('electron')
 const win = new BrowserWindow({ width: 800, height: 600 })
 win.webContents.on('will-prevent-unload', (event) => {
@@ -541,7 +541,7 @@ and the menu shortcuts.
 To only prevent the menu shortcuts, use
 [`setIgnoreMenuShortcuts`](#contentssetignoremenushortcutsignore):
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
 
 const win = new BrowserWindow({ width: 800, height: 600 })
@@ -783,9 +783,18 @@ Returns:
     word and spellchecker is enabled.
   * `frameCharset` string - The character encoding of the frame on which the
     menu was invoked.
-  * `inputFieldType` string - If the context menu was invoked on an input
-    field, the type of that field. Possible values include `none`, `plainText`,
-    `password`, `other`.
+  * `formControlType` string - The source that the context menu was invoked on.
+    Possible values include `none`, `button-button`, `field-set`,
+    `input-button`, `input-checkbox`, `input-color`, `input-date`,
+    `input-datetime-local`, `input-email`, `input-file`, `input-hidden`,
+    `input-image`, `input-month`, `input-number`, `input-password`, `input-radio`,
+    `input-range`, `input-reset`, `input-search`, `input-submit`, `input-telephone`,
+    `input-text`, `input-time`, `input-url`, `input-week`, `output`, `reset-button`,
+    `select-list`, `select-list`, `select-multiple`, `select-one`, `submit-button`,
+    and `text-area`,
+  * `inputFieldType` string _Deprecated_ - If the context menu was invoked on an
+    input field, the type of that field. Possible values include `none`,
+    `plainText`, `password`, `other`.
   * `spellcheckEnabled` boolean - If the context is editable, whether or not spellchecking is enabled.
   * `menuSourceType` string - Input source that invoked the context menu.
     Can be `none`, `mouse`, `keyboard`, `touch`, `touchMenu`, `longPress`, `longTap`, `touchHandle`, `stylus`, `adjustSelection`, or `adjustSelectionReset`.
@@ -842,7 +851,7 @@ Due to the nature of bluetooth, scanning for devices when
 `select-bluetooth-device` to fire multiple times until `callback` is called
 with either a device id or an empty string to cancel the request.
 
-```javascript title='main.js'
+```js title='main.js'
 const { app, BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
 
 let win = null
@@ -877,7 +886,7 @@ Returns:
 Emitted when a new frame is generated. Only the dirty area is passed in the
 buffer.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
 
 const win = new BrowserWindow({ webPreferences: { offscreen: true } })
@@ -1009,7 +1018,7 @@ Loads the `url` in the window. The `url` must contain the protocol prefix,
 e.g. the `http://` or `file://`. If the load should bypass http cache then
 use the `pragma` header to achieve it.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const win = new BrowserWindow()
 const options = { extraHeaders: 'pragma: no-cache\n' }
 win.webContents.loadURL('https://github.com', options)
@@ -1059,7 +1068,7 @@ Initiates a download of the resource at `url` without navigating. The
 
 Returns `string` - The URL of the current web page.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
 const win = new BrowserWindow({ width: 800, height: 600 })
 win.loadURL('https://github.com').then(() => {
@@ -1211,7 +1220,7 @@ Returns `string` - The user agent for this web page.
 
 * `css` string
 * `options` Object (optional)
-  * `cssOrigin` string (optional) - Can be either 'user' or 'author'. Sets the [cascade origin](https://www.w3.org/TR/css3-cascade/#cascade-origin) of the inserted stylesheet. Default is 'author'.
+  * `cssOrigin` string (optional) - Can be 'user' or 'author'. Sets the [cascade origin](https://www.w3.org/TR/css3-cascade/#cascade-origin) of the inserted stylesheet. Default is 'author'.
 
 Returns `Promise<string>` - A promise that resolves with a key for the inserted CSS that can later be used to remove the CSS via `contents.removeInsertedCSS(key)`.
 
@@ -1508,7 +1517,7 @@ can be obtained by subscribing to [`found-in-page`](web-contents.md#event-found-
 
 Stops any `findInPage` request for the `webContents` with the provided `action`.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const win = new BrowserWindow()
 win.webContents.on('found-in-page', (event, result) => {
   if (result.finalUpdate) win.webContents.stopFindInPage('clearSelection')
@@ -1628,7 +1637,7 @@ The `landscape` will be ignored if `@page` CSS at-rule is used in the web page.
 
 An example of `webContents.printToPDF`:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
 const fs = require('node:fs')
 const path = require('node:path')
@@ -1660,7 +1669,7 @@ See [Page.printToPdf](https://chromedevtools.github.io/devtools-protocol/tot/Pag
 Adds the specified path to DevTools workspace. Must be used after DevTools
 creation:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
 const win = new BrowserWindow()
 win.webContents.on('devtools-opened', () => {
@@ -1983,7 +1992,7 @@ the cursor when dragging.
 
 Returns `Promise<void>` - resolves if the page is saved.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
 const win = new BrowserWindow()
 

docs/api/web-frame-main.md

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ The `webFrameMain` module can be used to lookup frames across existing
 [`WebContents`](web-contents.md) instances. Navigation events are the common
 use case.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { BrowserWindow, webFrameMain } = require('electron')
 
 const win = new BrowserWindow({ width: 800, height: 1500 })
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ win.webContents.on(
 You can also access frames of existing pages by using the `mainFrame` property
 of [`WebContents`](web-contents.md).
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
 
 async function main () {

docs/api/web-frame.md

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ certain properties and methods (e.g. `webFrame.firstChild`).
 
 An example of zooming current page to 200%.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { webFrame } = require('electron')
 
 webFrame.setZoomFactor(2)
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ with an array of misspelt words when complete.
 
 An example of using [node-spellchecker][spellchecker] as provider:
 
-```javascript @ts-expect-error=[2,6]
+```js @ts-expect-error=[2,6]
 const { webFrame } = require('electron')
 const spellChecker = require('spellchecker')
 webFrame.setSpellCheckProvider('en-US', {
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ webFrame.setSpellCheckProvider('en-US', {
 
 * `css` string
 * `options` Object (optional)
-  * `cssOrigin` string (optional) - Can be either 'user' or 'author'. Sets the [cascade origin](https://www.w3.org/TR/css3-cascade/#cascade-origin) of the inserted stylesheet. Default is 'author'.
+  * `cssOrigin` string (optional) - Can be 'user' or 'author'. Sets the [cascade origin](https://www.w3.org/TR/css3-cascade/#cascade-origin) of the inserted stylesheet. Default is 'author'.
 
 Returns `string` - A key for the inserted CSS that can later be used to remove
 the CSS via `webFrame.removeInsertedCSS(key)`.
@@ -205,14 +205,14 @@ Returns `Object`:
 Returns an object describing usage information of Blink's internal memory
 caches.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { webFrame } = require('electron')
 console.log(webFrame.getResourceUsage())
 ```
 
 This will generate:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 {
   images: {
     count: 22,

docs/api/web-request.md

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ called with a `response` object when `listener` has done its work.
 
 An example of adding `User-Agent` header for requests:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { session } = require('electron')
 
 // Modify the user agent for all requests to the following urls.

docs/api/webview-tag.md

@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ The `webview` tag has the following methods:
 
 **Example**
 
-```javascript @ts-expect-error=[3]
+```js @ts-expect-error=[3]
 const webview = document.querySelector('webview')
 webview.addEventListener('dom-ready', () => {
   webview.openDevTools()
@@ -802,7 +802,7 @@ Fired when the guest window logs a console message.
 The following example code forwards all log messages to the embedder's console
 without regard for log level or other properties.
 
-```javascript @ts-expect-error=[3]
+```js @ts-expect-error=[3]
 const webview = document.querySelector('webview')
 webview.addEventListener('console-message', (e) => {
   console.log('Guest page logged a message:', e.message)
@@ -823,7 +823,7 @@ Returns:
 Fired when a result is available for
 [`webview.findInPage`](#webviewfindinpagetext-options) request.
 
-```javascript @ts-expect-error=[3,6]
+```js @ts-expect-error=[3,6]
 const webview = document.querySelector('webview')
 webview.addEventListener('found-in-page', (e) => {
   webview.stopFindInPage('keepSelection')
@@ -948,7 +948,7 @@ Fired when the guest page attempts to close itself.
 The following example code navigates the `webview` to `about:blank` when the
 guest attempts to close itself.
 
-```javascript @ts-expect-error=[3]
+```js @ts-expect-error=[3]
 const webview = document.querySelector('webview')
 webview.addEventListener('close', () => {
   webview.src = 'about:blank'
@@ -968,7 +968,7 @@ Fired when the guest page has sent an asynchronous message to embedder page.
 With `sendToHost` method and `ipc-message` event you can communicate
 between guest page and embedder page:
 
-```javascript @ts-expect-error=[4,7]
+```js @ts-expect-error=[4,7]
 // In embedder page.
 const webview = document.querySelector('webview')
 webview.addEventListener('ipc-message', (event) => {
@@ -978,7 +978,7 @@ webview.addEventListener('ipc-message', (event) => {
 webview.send('ping')
 ```
 
-```javascript
+```js
 // In guest page.
 const { ipcRenderer } = require('electron')
 ipcRenderer.on('ping', () => {
@@ -1106,9 +1106,18 @@ Returns:
     word and spellchecker is enabled.
   * `frameCharset` string - The character encoding of the frame on which the
     menu was invoked.
-  * `inputFieldType` string - If the context menu was invoked on an input
-    field, the type of that field. Possible values include `none`, `plainText`,
-    `password`, `other`.
+  * `formControlType` string - The source that the context menu was invoked on.
+    Possible values include `none`, `button-button`, `field-set`,
+    `input-button`, `input-checkbox`, `input-color`, `input-date`,
+    `input-datetime-local`, `input-email`, `input-file`, `input-hidden`,
+    `input-image`, `input-month`, `input-number`, `input-password`, `input-radio`,
+    `input-range`, `input-reset`, `input-search`, `input-submit`, `input-telephone`,
+    `input-text`, `input-time`, `input-url`, `input-week`, `output`, `reset-button`,
+    `select-list`, `select-list`, `select-multiple`, `select-one`, `submit-button`,
+    and `text-area`,
+  * `inputFieldType` string _Deprecated_ - If the context menu was invoked on an
+    input field, the type of that field. Possible values include `none`,
+    `plainText`, `password`, `other`.
   * `spellcheckEnabled` boolean - If the context is editable, whether or not spellchecking is enabled.
   * `menuSourceType` string - Input source that invoked the context menu.
     Can be `none`, `mouse`, `keyboard`, `touch`, `touchMenu`, `longPress`, `longTap`, `touchHandle`, `stylus`, `adjustSelection`, or `adjustSelectionReset`.

docs/api/window-open.md

@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ window will not close when the opener window closes. The default value is `false
 
 ### Native `Window` example
 
-```javascript
+```js
 // main.js
 const mainWindow = new BrowserWindow()
 
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ mainWindow.webContents.setWindowOpenHandler(({ url }) => {
 })
 ```
 
-```javascript
+```js
 // renderer process (mainWindow)
 const childWindow = window.open('', 'modal')
 childWindow.document.write('<h1>Hello</h1>')

docs/breaking-changes.md

@@ -14,6 +14,11 @@ This document uses the following convention to categorize breaking changes:
 
 ## Planned Breaking API Changes (28.0)
 
+### Behavior Changed: `WebContents.backgroundThrottling` set to false affects all `WebContents` in the host `BrowserWindow`
+
+`WebContents.backgroundThrottling` set to false will disable frames throttling
+in the `BrowserWindow` for all `WebContents` displayed by it.
+
 ### Removed: `BrowserWindow.setTrafficLightPosition(position)`
 
 `BrowserWindow.setTrafficLightPosition(position)` has been removed, the
@@ -58,6 +63,65 @@ The `ipcRenderer.sendTo()` API has been removed. It should be replaced by settin
 
 The `senderId` and `senderIsMainFrame` properties of `IpcRendererEvent` have been removed as well.
 
+### Removed: `app.runningUnderRosettaTranslation`
+
+The `app.runningUnderRosettaTranslation` property has been removed.
+Use `app.runningUnderARM64Translation` instead.
+
+```js
+// Removed
+console.log(app.runningUnderRosettaTranslation)
+// Replace with
+console.log(app.runningUnderARM64Translation)
+```
+
+### Deprecated: `renderer-process-crashed` event on `app`
+
+The `renderer-process-crashed` event on `app` has been deprecated.
+Use the new `render-process-gone` event instead.
+
+```js
+// Deprecated
+app.on('renderer-process-crashed', (event, webContents, killed) => { /* ... */ })
+
+// Replace with
+app.on('render-process-gone', (event, webContents, details) => { /* ... */ })
+```
+
+### Deprecated: `params.inputFormType` property on `context-menu` on `WebContents`
+
+The `inputFormType` property of the params object in the `context-menu`
+event from `WebContents` has been deprecated. Use the new `formControlType`
+property instead.
+
+### Deprecated: `crashed` event on `WebContents` and `<webview>`
+
+The `crashed` events on `WebContents` and `<webview>` have been deprecated.
+Use the new `render-process-gone` event instead.
+
+```js
+// Deprecated
+win.webContents.on('crashed', (event, killed) => { /* ... */ })
+webview.addEventListener('crashed', (event) => { /* ... */ })
+
+// Replace with
+win.webContents.on('render-process-gone', (event, details) => { /* ... */ })
+webview.addEventListener('render-process-gone', (event) => { /* ... */ })
+```
+
+### Deprecated: `gpu-process-crashed` event on `app`
+
+The `gpu-process-crashed` event on `app` has been deprecated.
+Use the new `child-process-gone` event instead.
+
+```js
+// Deprecated
+app.on('gpu-process-crashed', (event, killed) => { /* ... */ })
+
+// Replace with
+app.on('child-process-gone', (event, details) => { /* ... */ })
+```
+
 ## Planned Breaking API Changes (27.0)
 
 ### Removed: macOS 10.13 / 10.14 support
@@ -470,7 +534,7 @@ The `new-window` event of `<webview>` has been removed. There is no direct repla
 webview.addEventListener('new-window', (event) => {})
 ```
 
-```javascript fiddle='docs/fiddles/ipc/webview-new-window'
+```js
 // Replace with
 
 // main.js
@@ -716,6 +780,18 @@ to open synchronously scriptable child windows, among other incompatibilities.
 See the documentation for [window.open in Electron](api/window-open.md)
 for more details.
 
+### Deprecated: `app.runningUnderRosettaTranslation`
+
+The `app.runningUnderRosettaTranslation` property has been deprecated.
+Use `app.runningUnderARM64Translation` instead.
+
+```js
+// Deprecated
+console.log(app.runningUnderRosettaTranslation)
+// Replace with
+console.log(app.runningUnderARM64Translation)
+```
+
 ## Planned Breaking API Changes (14.0)
 
 ### Removed: `remote` module
@@ -1123,7 +1199,7 @@ module](https://medium.com/@nornagon/electrons-remote-module-considered-harmful-
 
 The APIs are now synchronous and the optional callback is no longer needed.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 // Deprecated
 protocol.unregisterProtocol(scheme, () => { /* ... */ })
 // Replace with
@@ -1152,7 +1228,7 @@ protocol.unregisterProtocol(scheme)
 
 The APIs are now synchronous and the optional callback is no longer needed.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 // Deprecated
 protocol.registerFileProtocol(scheme, handler, () => { /* ... */ })
 // Replace with
@@ -1167,7 +1243,7 @@ until navigation happens.
 This API is deprecated and users should use `protocol.isProtocolRegistered`
 and `protocol.isProtocolIntercepted` instead.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 // Deprecated
 protocol.isProtocolHandled(scheme).then(() => { /* ... */ })
 // Replace with

docs/development/creating-api.md

@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ An example of the contents of this file can be found [here](https://github.com/e
 
 Add your module to the module list found at `"lib/browser/api/module-list.ts"` like so:
 
-```typescript title='lib/browser/api/module-list.ts' @ts-nocheck
+```ts title='lib/browser/api/module-list.ts' @ts-nocheck
 export const browserModuleList: ElectronInternal.ModuleEntry[] = [
   { name: 'apiName', loader: () => require('./api-name') },
 ];

docs/faq.md

@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ If you encounter this problem, the following articles may prove helpful:
 If you want a quick fix, you can make the variables global by changing your
 code from this:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { app, Tray } = require('electron')
 app.whenReady().then(() => {
   const tray = new Tray('/path/to/icon.png')
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ app.whenReady().then(() => {
 
 to this:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { app, Tray } = require('electron')
 let tray = null
 app.whenReady().then(() => {
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ for some libraries since they want to insert the symbols with the same names.
 
 To solve this, you can turn off node integration in Electron:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 // In the main process.
 const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
 const win = new BrowserWindow({
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ Sub-pixel anti-aliasing needs a non-transparent background of the layer containi
 
 To achieve this goal, set the background in the constructor for [BrowserWindow][browser-window]:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
 const win = new BrowserWindow({
   backgroundColor: '#fff'

docs/fiddles/features/represented-file/main.js

@@ -7,14 +7,20 @@ function createWindow () {
     height: 600
   })
 
+  win.setRepresentedFilename(os.homedir())
+  win.setDocumentEdited(true)
+
   win.loadFile('index.html')
 }
 
 app.whenReady().then(() => {
-  const win = new BrowserWindow()
+  createWindow()
 
-  win.setRepresentedFilename(os.homedir())
-  win.setDocumentEdited(true)
+  app.on('activate', () => {
+    if (BrowserWindow.getAllWindows().length === 0) {
+      createWindow()
+    }
+  })
 })
 
 app.on('window-all-closed', () => {
@@ -22,9 +28,3 @@ app.on('window-all-closed', () => {
     app.quit()
   }
 })
-
-app.on('activate', () => {
-  if (BrowserWindow.getAllWindows().length === 0) {
-    createWindow()
-  }
-})

docs/fiddles/ipc/pattern-3/preload.js

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 const { contextBridge, ipcRenderer } = require('electron/renderer')
 
 contextBridge.exposeInMainWorld('electronAPI', {
-  handleCounter: (callback) => ipcRenderer.on('update-counter', () => callback())
+  onUpdateCounter: (callback) => ipcRenderer.on('update-counter', (_event, value) => callback(value)),
+  counterValue: (value) => ipcRenderer.send('counter-value', value)
 })

docs/fiddles/ipc/pattern-3/renderer.js

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 const counter = document.getElementById('counter')
 
-window.electronAPI.handleCounter((event, value) => {
+window.electronAPI.onUpdateCounter((value) => {
   const oldValue = Number(counter.innerText)
   const newValue = oldValue + value
-  counter.innerText = newValue
-  event.sender.send('counter-value', newValue)
+  counter.innerText = newValue.toString()
+  window.electronAPI.counterValue(newValue)
 })

docs/fiddles/system/protocol-handler/launch-app-from-URL-in-another-app/index.html

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
   <h3>Packaging</h3>
   <p>This feature will only work on macOS when your app is packaged. It will not work when you're launching it in
     development from the command-line. When you package your app you'll need to make sure the macOS <code>plist</code>
-    for the app is updated to include the new protocol handler. If you're using <code>electron-packager</code> then you
+    for the app is updated to include the new protocol handler. If you're using <code>@electron/packager</code> then you
     can add the flag <code>--extend-info</code> with a path to the <code>plist</code> you've created. The one for this
     app is below:</p>
 

docs/tutorial/application-debugging.md

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ including instances of `BrowserWindow`, `BrowserView`, and `WebView`. You
 can open them programmatically by calling the `openDevTools()` API on the
 `webContents` of the instance:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
 
 const win = new BrowserWindow()

docs/tutorial/asar-archives.md

@@ -41,27 +41,27 @@ $ asar list /path/to/example.asar
 
 Read a file in the ASAR archive:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const fs = require('node:fs')
 fs.readFileSync('/path/to/example.asar/file.txt')
 ```
 
 List all files under the root of the archive:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const fs = require('node:fs')
 fs.readdirSync('/path/to/example.asar')
 ```
 
 Use a module from the archive:
 
-```javascript @ts-nocheck
+```js @ts-nocheck
 require('./path/to/example.asar/dir/module.js')
 ```
 
 You can also display a web page in an ASAR archive with `BrowserWindow`:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
 const win = new BrowserWindow()
 
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ For some cases like verifying the ASAR archive's checksum, we need to read the
 content of an ASAR archive as a file. For this purpose you can use the built-in
 `original-fs` module which provides original `fs` APIs without `asar` support:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const originalFs = require('original-fs')
 originalFs.readFileSync('/path/to/example.asar')
 ```
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ originalFs.readFileSync('/path/to/example.asar')
 You can also set `process.noAsar` to `true` to disable the support for `asar` in
 the `fs` module:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const fs = require('node:fs')
 process.noAsar = true
 fs.readFileSync('/path/to/example.asar')

docs/tutorial/asar-integrity.md

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ Currently ASAR integrity checking is only supported on macOS.
 
 ### Electron Forge / Electron Packager
 
-If you are using `>= electron-packager@15.4.0` or `>= @electron-forge/core@6.0.0-beta.61` then all these requirements are met for you automatically and you can skip to [Toggling the Fuse](#toggling-the-fuse).
+If you are using `>= @electron/packager`, `>= electron-packager@15.4.0` or `>= @electron-forge/core@6.0.0-beta.61` then all these requirements are met for you automatically and you can skip to [Toggling the Fuse](#toggling-the-fuse).
 
 ### Other build systems
 

docs/tutorial/automated-testing.md

@@ -22,34 +22,101 @@ There are a few ways that you can set up testing using WebDriver.
 Node.js package for testing with WebDriver. Its ecosystem also includes various plugins
 (e.g. reporter and services) that can help you put together your test setup.
 
+If you already have an existing WebdriverIO setup, it is recommended to update your dependencies and validate your existing configuration with how it is [outlined in the docs](https://webdriver.io/docs/desktop-testing/electron#configuration).
+
 #### Install the test runner
 
-First you need to run the WebdriverIO starter toolkit in your project root directory:
+If you don't use WebdriverIO in your project yet, you can add it by running the starter toolkit in your project root directory:
 
 ```sh npm2yarn
-npx wdio . --yes
+npm init wdio@latest ./
 ```
 
-This installs all necessary packages for you and generates a `wdio.conf.js` configuration file.
+This starts a configuration wizard that helps you put together the right setup, installs all necessary packages, and generates a `wdio.conf.js` configuration file. Make sure to select _"Desktop Testing - of Electron Applications"_ on one of the first questions asking _"What type of testing would you like to do?"_.
 
 #### Connect WDIO to your Electron app
 
-Update the capabilities in your configuration file to point to your Electron app binary:
+After running the configuration wizard, your `wdio.conf.js` should include roughly the following content:
 
-```javascript title='wdio.conf.js'
-exports.config = {
+```js title='wdio.conf.js' @ts-nocheck
+export const config = {
   // ...
+  services: ['electron'],
   capabilities: [{
-    browserName: 'chrome',
-    'goog:chromeOptions': {
-      binary: '/path/to/your/electron/binary', // Path to your Electron binary.
-      args: [/* cli arguments */] // Optional, perhaps 'app=' + /path/to/your/app/
+    browserName: 'electron',
+    'wdio:electronServiceOptions': {
+      // WebdriverIO can automatically find your bundled application
+      // if you use Electron Forge or electron-builder, otherwise you
+      // can define it here, e.g.:
+      // appBinaryPath: './path/to/bundled/application.exe',
+      appArgs: ['foo', 'bar=baz']
     }
   }]
   // ...
 }
 ```
 
+#### Write your tests
+
+Use the [WebdriverIO API](https://webdriver.io/docs/api) to interact with elements on the screen. The framework provides custom "matchers" that make asserting the state of your application easy, e.g.:
+
+```js @ts-nocheck
+import { browser, $, expect } from '@wdio/globals'
+
+describe('keyboard input', () => {
+  it('should detect keyboard input', async () => {
+    await browser.keys(['y', 'o'])
+    await expect($('keypress-count')).toHaveText('YO')
+  })
+})
+```
+
+Furthermore, WebdriverIO allows you to access Electron APIs to get static information about your application:
+
+```js @ts-nocheck
+import { browser, $, expect } from '@wdio/globals'
+
+describe('when the make smaller button is clicked', () => {
+  it('should decrease the window height and width by 10 pixels', async () => {
+    const boundsBefore = await browser.electron.browserWindow('getBounds')
+    expect(boundsBefore.width).toEqual(210)
+    expect(boundsBefore.height).toEqual(310)
+
+    await $('.make-smaller').click()
+    const boundsAfter = await browser.electron.browserWindow('getBounds')
+    expect(boundsAfter.width).toEqual(200)
+    expect(boundsAfter.height).toEqual(300)
+  })
+})
+```
+
+or to retrieve other Electron process information:
+
+```js @ts-nocheck
+import fs from 'node:fs'
+import path from 'node:path'
+import { browser, expect } from '@wdio/globals'
+
+const packageJson = JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(path.join(__dirname, '..', 'package.json'), { encoding: 'utf-8' }))
+const { name, version } = packageJson
+
+describe('electron APIs', () => {
+  it('should retrieve app metadata through the electron API', async () => {
+    const appName = await browser.electron.app('getName')
+    expect(appName).toEqual(name)
+    const appVersion = await browser.electron.app('getVersion')
+    expect(appVersion).toEqual(version)
+  })
+
+  it('should pass args through to the launched application', async () => {
+    // custom args are set in the wdio.conf.js file as they need to be set before WDIO starts
+    const argv = await browser.electron.mainProcess('argv')
+    expect(argv).toContain('--foo')
+    expect(argv).toContain('--bar=baz')
+  })
+})
+```
+
 #### Run your tests
 
 To run your tests:
@@ -58,6 +125,12 @@ To run your tests:
 $ npx wdio run wdio.conf.js
 ```
 
+WebdriverIO helps launch and shut down the application for you.
+
+#### More documentation
+
+Find more documentation on Mocking Electron APIs and other useful resources in the [official WebdriverIO documentation](https://webdriver.io/docs/desktop-testing/electron).
+
 ### With Selenium
 
 [Selenium](https://www.selenium.dev/) is a web automation framework that

docs/tutorial/boilerplates-and-clis.md

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ Electron Forge is a tool for packaging and publishing Electron applications. It
 into a single extensible interface so that anyone can jump right into making Electron apps.
 
 Forge comes with [a ready-to-use template](https://electronforge.io/templates) using Webpack as a bundler. It includes an example typescript configuration and provides two configuration files to enable easy customization. It uses the same core modules used by the
-greater Electron community (like [`electron-packager`](https://github.com/electron/electron-packager)) –
+greater Electron community (like [`@electron/packager`](https://github.com/electron/packager)) –
 changes made by Electron maintainers (like Slack) benefit Forge's users, too.
 
 You can find more information and documentation on [electronforge.io](https://electronforge.io/).

docs/tutorial/code-signing.md

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ ways to get your application signed and notarized.
 
 If you're using Electron's favorite build tool, getting your application signed
 and notarized requires a few additions to your configuration. [Forge](https://electronforge.io) is a
-collection of the official Electron tools, using [`electron-packager`][],
+collection of the official Electron tools, using [`@electron/packager`][],
 [`@electron/osx-sign`][], and [`@electron/notarize`][] under the hood.
 
 Detailed instructions on how to configure your application can be found in the
@@ -61,14 +61,14 @@ the Electron Forge docs.
 ### Using Electron Packager
 
 If you're not using an integrated build pipeline like Forge, you
-are likely using [`electron-packager`][], which includes [`@electron/osx-sign`][] and
+are likely using [`@electron/packager`][], which includes [`@electron/osx-sign`][] and
 [`@electron/notarize`][].
 
 If you're using Packager's API, you can pass [in configuration that both signs
-and notarizes your application](https://electron.github.io/electron-packager/main/interfaces/electronpackager.options.html).
+and notarizes your application](https://electron.github.io/packager/main/interfaces/electronpackager.options.html).
 
 ```js @ts-nocheck
-const packager = require('electron-packager')
+const packager = require('@electron/packager')
 
 packager({
   dir: '/path/to/my/app',
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ See the [Windows Store Guide][].
 
 [apple developer program]: https://developer.apple.com/programs/
 [`@electron/osx-sign`]: https://github.com/electron/osx-sign
-[`electron-packager`]: https://github.com/electron/electron-packager
+[`@electron/packager`]: https://github.com/electron/packager
 [`@electron/notarize`]: https://github.com/electron/notarize
 [`electron-winstaller`]: https://github.com/electron/windows-installer
 [`electron-wix-msi`]: https://github.com/electron-userland/electron-wix-msi

docs/tutorial/context-isolation.md

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ Context isolation has been enabled by default since Electron 12, and it is a rec
 
 Exposing APIs from your preload script to a loaded website in the renderer process is a common use-case. With context isolation disabled, your preload script would share a common global `window` object with the renderer. You could then attach arbitrary properties to a preload script:
 
-```javascript title='preload.js' @ts-nocheck
+```js title='preload.js' @ts-nocheck
 // preload with contextIsolation disabled
 window.myAPI = {
   doAThing: () => {}
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ window.myAPI = {
 
 The `doAThing()` function could then be used directly in the renderer process:
 
-```javascript title='renderer.js' @ts-nocheck
+```js title='renderer.js' @ts-nocheck
 // use the exposed API in the renderer
 window.myAPI.doAThing()
 ```
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ window.myAPI.doAThing()
 
 There is a dedicated module in Electron to help you do this in a painless way. The [`contextBridge`](../api/context-bridge.md) module can be used to **safely** expose APIs from your preload script's isolated context to the context the website is running in. The API will also be accessible from the website on `window.myAPI` just like it was before.
 
-```javascript title='preload.js'
+```js title='preload.js'
 // preload with contextIsolation enabled
 const { contextBridge } = require('electron')
 
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ contextBridge.exposeInMainWorld('myAPI', {
 })
 ```
 
-```javascript title='renderer.js' @ts-nocheck
+```js title='renderer.js' @ts-nocheck
 // use the exposed API in the renderer
 window.myAPI.doAThing()
 ```
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ Please read the `contextBridge` documentation linked above to fully understand i
 
 Just enabling `contextIsolation` and using `contextBridge` does not automatically mean that everything you do is safe. For instance, this code is **unsafe**.
 
-```javascript title='preload.js'
+```js title='preload.js'
 // ❌ Bad code
 contextBridge.exposeInMainWorld('myAPI', {
   send: ipcRenderer.send
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ contextBridge.exposeInMainWorld('myAPI', {
 
 It directly exposes a powerful API without any kind of argument filtering. This would allow any website to send arbitrary IPC messages, which you do not want to be possible. The correct way to expose IPC-based APIs would instead be to provide one method per IPC message.
 
-```javascript title='preload.js'
+```js title='preload.js'
 // ✅ Good code
 contextBridge.exposeInMainWorld('myAPI', {
   loadPreferences: () => ipcRenderer.invoke('load-prefs')
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ If you're building your Electron app with TypeScript, you'll want to add types t
 
 For example, given this `preload.ts` script:
 
-```typescript title='preload.ts'
+```ts title='preload.ts'
 contextBridge.exposeInMainWorld('electronAPI', {
   loadPreferences: () => ipcRenderer.invoke('load-prefs')
 })
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ contextBridge.exposeInMainWorld('electronAPI', {
 
 You can create a `renderer.d.ts` declaration file and globally augment the `Window` interface:
 
-```typescript title='renderer.d.ts' @ts-noisolate
+```ts title='renderer.d.ts' @ts-noisolate
 export interface IElectronAPI {
   loadPreferences: () => Promise<void>,
 }
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ declare global {
 
 Doing so will ensure that the TypeScript compiler will know about the `electronAPI` property on your global `window` object when writing scripts in your renderer process:
 
-```typescript title='renderer.ts'
+```ts title='renderer.ts'
 window.electronAPI.loadPreferences()
 ```
 

docs/tutorial/dark-mode.md

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ of this theming, due to the use of the macOS 10.14 SDK.
 This example demonstrates an Electron application that derives its theme colors from the
 `nativeTheme`. Additionally, it provides theme toggle and reset controls using IPC channels.
 
-```javascript fiddle='docs/fiddles/features/dark-mode'
+```fiddle docs/fiddles/features/dark-mode
 
 ```
 
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ Run the example using Electron Fiddle and then click the "Toggle Dark Mode" butt
 
 [system-wide-dark-mode]: https://developer.apple.com/design/human-interface-guidelines/macos/visual-design/dark-mode/
 [electron-forge]: https://www.electronforge.io/
-[electron-packager]: https://github.com/electron/electron-packager
-[packager-darwindarkmode-api]: https://electron.github.io/electron-packager/main/interfaces/electronpackager.options.html#darwindarkmodesupport
+[electron-packager]: https://github.com/electron/packager
+[packager-darwindarkmode-api]: https://electron.github.io/packager/main/interfaces/electronpackager.options.html#darwindarkmodesupport
 [prefers-color-scheme]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@media/prefers-color-scheme
 [event-listeners]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/EventTarget/addEventListener

docs/tutorial/debugging-main-process.md

@@ -14,10 +14,10 @@ process:
 
 Electron will listen for V8 inspector protocol messages on the specified `port`,
 an external debugger will need to connect on this port. The default `port` is
-`5858`.
+`9229`.
 
 ```shell
-electron --inspect=5858 your/app
+electron --inspect=9229 your/app
 ```
 
 ### `--inspect-brk=[port]`

docs/tutorial/devices.md

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ This example demonstrates an Electron application that automatically selects
 the first available bluetooth device when the `Test Bluetooth` button is
 clicked.
 
-```javascript fiddle='docs/fiddles/features/web-bluetooth'
+```fiddle docs/fiddles/features/web-bluetooth
 
 ```
 
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ By default Electron employs the same [blocklist](https://github.com/WICG/webhid/
 used by Chromium.  If you wish to override this behavior, you can do so by
 setting the `disable-hid-blocklist` flag:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 app.commandLine.appendSwitch('disable-hid-blocklist')
 ```
 
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ HID devices through [`ses.setDevicePermissionHandler(handler)`](../api/session.m
 and through [`select-hid-device` event on the Session](../api/session.md#event-select-hid-device)
 when the `Test WebHID` button is clicked.
 
-```javascript fiddle='docs/fiddles/features/web-hid'
+```fiddle docs/fiddles/features/web-hid
 
 ```
 
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ as well as demonstrating selecting the first available Arduino Uno serial device
 [`select-serial-port` event on the Session](../api/session.md#event-select-serial-port)
 when the `Test Web Serial` button is clicked.
 
-```javascript fiddle='docs/fiddles/features/web-serial'
+```fiddle docs/fiddles/features/web-serial
 
 ```
 
@@ -152,6 +152,6 @@ USB devices (if they are attached) through [`ses.setDevicePermissionHandler(hand
 and through [`select-usb-device` event on the Session](../api/session.md#event-select-usb-device)
 when the `Test WebUSB` button is clicked.
 
-```javascript fiddle='docs/fiddles/features/web-usb'
+```fiddle docs/fiddles/features/web-usb
 
 ```

docs/tutorial/devtools-extension.md

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ Using the [React Developer Tools][react-devtools] as an example:
 1. Pass the location of the extension to the [`ses.loadExtension`][load-extension]
    API. For React Developer Tools `v4.9.0`, it looks something like:
 
-   ```javascript
+   ```js
    const { app, session } = require('electron')
    const path = require('node:path')
    const os = require('node:os')

docs/tutorial/electron-timelines.md

@@ -9,12 +9,14 @@ check out our [Electron Versioning](./electron-versioning.md) doc.
 
 | Electron | Alpha | Beta | Stable | EOL | Chrome | Node | Supported |
 | ------- | ----- | ------- | ------ | ------ | ---- | ---- | ---- |
-| 27.0.0 |  2023-Aug-17 | 2023-Sep-13 | 2023-Oct-10 | TBD | M118 | TBD | ✅ |
-| 26.0.0 | 2023-Jun-01 | 2023-Jun-27 | 2023-Aug-15 | 2024-Feb-27 | M116 | v18.16 | ✅ |
-| 25.0.0 | 2023-Apr-10 | 2023-May-02 | 2023-May-30 | 2024-Jan-02 | M114 | v18.15 | ✅ |
-| 24.0.0 | 2022-Feb-09 | 2023-Mar-07 | 2023-Apr-04 | 2023-Oct-10 | M112 | v18.14 | ✅ |
+| 29.0.0 |  2023-Dec-07 | 2024-Jan-24 | 2024-Feb-20 | 2024-Aug-20 | M122 | v18.19 | ✅ |
+| 28.0.0 |  2023-Oct-11 | 2023-Nov-06 | 2023-Dec-05 | 2024-Jun-11 | M120 | v18.18 | ✅ |
+| 27.0.0 |  2023-Aug-17 | 2023-Sep-13 | 2023-Oct-10 | 2024-Apr-16 | M118 | v18.17 | ✅ |
+| 26.0.0 | 2023-Jun-01 | 2023-Jun-27 | 2023-Aug-15 | 2024-Feb-20 | M116 | v18.16 | ✅ |
+| 25.0.0 | 2023-Apr-10 | 2023-May-02 | 2023-May-30 | 2023-Dec-05 | M114 | v18.15 | 🚫 |
+| 24.0.0 | 2023-Feb-09 | 2023-Mar-07 | 2023-Apr-04 | 2023-Oct-10 | M112 | v18.14 | 🚫 |
 | 23.0.0 | 2022-Dec-01 | 2023-Jan-10 | 2023-Feb-07 | 2023-Aug-15 | M110 | v18.12 | 🚫 |
-| 22.0.0 | 2022-Sep-29 | 2022-Oct-25 | 2022-Nov-29 | 2023-Oct-10 | M108 | v16.17 | ✅ |
+| 22.0.0 | 2022-Sep-29 | 2022-Oct-25 | 2022-Nov-29 | 2023-Oct-10 | M108 | v16.17 | 🚫 |
 | 21.0.0 | 2022-Aug-04 | 2022-Aug-30 | 2022-Sep-27 | 2023-Apr-04 | M106 | v16.16 | 🚫 |
 | 20.0.0 | 2022-May-26 | 2022-Jun-21 | 2022-Aug-02 | 2023-Feb-07 | M104 | v16.15 | 🚫 |
 | 19.0.0 | 2022-Mar-31 | 2022-Apr-26 | 2022-May-24 | 2022-Nov-29 | M102 | v16.14 | 🚫 |
@@ -48,12 +50,6 @@ check out our [Electron Versioning](./electron-versioning.md) doc.
 * Since Electron 6, Electron major versions have been targeting every other Chromium major version. Each Electron stable should happen on the same day as Chrome stable ([see blog post](https://www.electronjs.org/blog/12-week-cadence)).
 * Since Electron 16, Electron has been releasing major versions on an 8-week cadence in accordance to Chrome's change to a 4-week release cadence ([see blog post](https://www.electronjs.org/blog/8-week-cadence)).
 
-:::info Chrome release dates
-
-Chromium has the own public release schedule [here](https://chromiumdash.appspot.com/schedule).
-
-:::
-
 ## Version support policy
 
 :::info
@@ -78,6 +74,38 @@ and the version prior to that receives the vast majority of those fixes
 as time and bandwidth warrants. The oldest supported release line will receive
 only security fixes directly.
 
+### Chromium version support
+
+:::info Chromium release schedule
+
+Chromium's public release schedule is [here](https://chromiumdash.appspot.com/schedule).
+
+:::
+
+Electron targets Chromium even-number versions, releasing every 8 weeks in concert
+with Chromium's 4-week release schedule. For example, Electron 26 uses Chromium 116, while Electron 27 uses Chromium 118.
+
+### Node.js version support
+
+Electron upgrades its `main` branch to even-number versions of Node.js when they enter Active LTS. The schedule
+is as follows:
+
+<img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nodejs/Release/main/schedule.svg?sanitize=true" alt="Releases">
+
+As a rule, stable branches of Electron do not receive Node.js upgrades after they have been cut.
+If Electron has recently updated its `main` branch to a new major version of Node.js, the next stable
+branch to be cut will be released with the new version.
+
+Patch upgrades of Node that contain significant security or bug fixes, and are submitted
+more than 2 weeks prior to a stable release date, will be accepted into an Electron alpha
+or beta release branch.
+
+Minor upgrades of Node that contain significant security or bug fixes, and are submitted
+more than 2 weeks prior to a stable release date may be accepted into an Electron alpha or
+beta release branch on a case-by-case basis. These requests will be reviewed and voted on
+by the [Releases Working Group](https://github.com/electron/governance/tree/main/wg-releases),
+to ensure minimal disruption for developers who may be consuming alpha or beta releases.
+
 ### Breaking API changes
 
 When an API is changed or removed in a way that breaks existing functionality, the

docs/tutorial/esm-limitations.md

@@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
-# ESM Limitations
-
-This document serves to outline the limitations / differences between ESM in Electron and ESM in Node.js and Chromium.
-
-## ESM Support Matrix
-
-This table gives a general overview of where ESM is supported and most importantly which ESM loader is used.
-
-| | Supported | Loader | Supported in Preload | Loader in Preload | Applicable Requirements |
-|-|-|-|-|-|-|
-| Main Process | Yes | Node.js | N/A | N/A | <ul><li> [You must `await` generously in the main process to avoid race conditions](#you-must-use-await-generously-in-the-main-process-to-avoid-race-conditions) </li></ul> |
-| Sandboxed Renderer | Yes | Chromium | No | | <ul><li> [Sandboxed preload scripts can't use ESM imports](#sandboxed-preload-scripts-cant-use-esm-imports) </li></ul> |
-| Node.js Renderer + Context Isolation | Yes | Chromium | Yes | Node.js | <ul><li> [Node.js ESM Preload Scripts will run after page load on pages with no content](#nodejs-esm-preload-scripts-will-run-after-page-load-on-pages-with-no-content) </li> <li>[ESM Preload Scripts must have the `.mjs` extension](#esm-preload-scripts-must-have-the-mjs-extension)</li></ul> |
-| Node.js Renderer + No Context Isolation | Yes | Chromium | Yes | Node.js | <ul><li> [Non-context-isolated renderers can't use dynamic Node.js ESM imports](#non-context-isolated-renderers-cant-use-dynamic-nodejs-esm-imports) </li> <li>[ESM Preload Scripts must have the `.mjs` extension](#esm-preload-scripts-must-have-the-mjs-extension)</li></ul> |
-
-## Requirements
-
-### You must use `await` generously in the main process to avoid race conditions
-
-Certain APIs in Electron (`app.setPath` for instance) are documented as needing to be called **before** the `app.on('ready')` event is emitted.  When using ESM in the main process it is only guaranteed that the `ready` event hasn't been emitted while executing the side-effects of the primary import.  i.e. if `index.mjs` calls `import('./set-up-paths.mjs')` at the top level the app will likely already be "ready" by the time that dynamic import resolves.  To avoid this you should `await import('./set-up-paths.mjs')` at the top level of `index.mjs`.  It's not just import calls you should await, if you are reading files asynchronously or performing other asynchronous actions you must await those at the top-level as well to ensure the app does not resume initialization and become ready too early.
-
-### Sandboxed preload scripts can't use ESM imports
-
-Sandboxed preload scripts are run as plain javascript without an ESM context.  It is recommended that preload scripts are bundled via something like `webpack` or `vite` for performance reasons regardless, so your preload script should just be a single file that doesn't need to use ESM imports.  Loading the `electron` API is still done via `require('electron')`.
-
-### Node.js ESM Preload Scripts will run after page load on pages with no content
-
-If the response body for the page is **completely** empty, i.e. `Content-Length: 0`, the preload script will not block the page load, which may result in race conditions. If this impacts you, change your response body to have _something_ in it, for example an empty `html` tag (`<html></html>`) or swap back to using a CommonJS preload script (`.js` or `.cjs`) which will block the page load.
-
-### ESM Preload Scripts must have the `.mjs` extension
-
-In order to load an ESM preload script it must have a `.mjs` file extension.  Using `type: module` in a nearby package.json is not sufficient.  Please also note the limitation above around not blocking page load if the page is empty.
-
-### Non-context-isolated renderers can't use dynamic Node.js ESM imports
-
-If your renderer process does not have `contextIsolation` enabled you can not `import()` ESM files via the Node.js module loader.  This means that you can't `import('fs')` or `import('./foo')`.  If you want to be able to do so you must enable context isolation.  This is because in the renderer Chromium's `import()` function takes precedence and without context isolation there is no way for Electron to know which loader to route the request to.
-
-If you enable context isolation `import()` from the isolated preload context will use the Node.js loader and `import()` from the main context will continue using Chromium's loader.

docs/tutorial/esm.md

@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+---
+title: "ES Modules (ESM) in Electron"
+description: "The ES module (ESM) format is the standard way of loading JavaScript packages."
+slug: esm
+hide_title: false
+---
+
+# ES Modules (ESM) in Electron
+
+## Introduction
+
+The ECMAScript module (ESM) format is [the standard way of loading JavaScript packages](https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-modules).
+
+Chromium and Node.js have their own implementations of the ESM specification, and Electron
+chooses which module loader to use depending on the context.
+
+This document serves to outline the limitations of ESM in Electron and the differences between
+ESM in Electron and ESM in Node.js and Chromium.
+
+:::info
+
+This feature was added in `electron@28.0.0`.
+
+:::
+
+## Summary: ESM support matrix
+
+This table gives a general overview of where ESM is supported and which ESM loader is used.
+
+| Process              | ESM Loader | ESM Loader in Preload | Applicable Requirements |
+|----------------------|------------|-----------------------|-------------------------|
+| Main                 | Node.js    | N/A                   | <ul><li> [You must use `await` generously before the app's `ready` event](#you-must-use-await-generously-before-the-apps-ready-event) </li></ul> |
+| Renderer (Sandboxed) | Chromium   | Unsupported           | <ul><li> [Sandboxed preload scripts can't use ESM imports](#sandboxed-preload-scripts-cant-use-esm-imports) </li></ul> |
+| Renderer (Unsandboxed & Context Isolated) | Chromium | Node.js | <ul><li> [Unsandboxed ESM preload scripts will run after page load on pages with no content](#unsandboxed-esm-preload-scripts-will-run-after-page-load-on-pages-with-no-content) </li> <li>[ESM Preload Scripts must have the `.mjs` extension](#esm-preload-scripts-must-have-the-mjs-extension)</li></ul> |
+| Renderer (Unsandboxed & Non Context Isolated) | Chromium | Node.js | <ul><li>[Unsandboxed ESM preload scripts will run after page load on pages with no content](#unsandboxed-esm-preload-scripts-will-run-after-page-load-on-pages-with-no-content)</li><li>[ESM Preload Scripts must have the `.mjs` extension](#esm-preload-scripts-must-have-the-mjs-extension)</li><li>[ESM preload scripts must be context isolated to use dynamic Node.js ESM imports](#esm-preload-scripts-must-be-context-isolated-to-use-dynamic-nodejs-esm-imports)</li></ul> |
+
+## Main process
+
+Electron's main process runs in a Node.js context and uses its ESM loader. Usage should follow
+[Node's ESM documentation](https://nodejs.org/api/esm.html). To enable ESM in a file in the
+main process, one of the following conditions must be met:
+
+- The file ends with the `.mjs` extension
+- The nearest parent package.json has `"type": "module"` set
+
+See Node's [Determining Module System](https://nodejs.org/api/packages.html#determining-module-system)
+doc for more details.
+
+### Caveats
+
+#### You must use `await` generously before the app's `ready` event
+
+ES Modules are loaded **asynchronously**. This means that only side effects
+from the main process entry point's imports will execute before the `ready` event.
+
+This is important because certain Electron APIs (e.g. [`app.setPath`](../api/app.md#appsetpathname-path))
+need to be called **before** the app's `ready` event is emitted.
+
+With top-level `await` available in Node.js ESM, make sure to `await` every Promise that you need to
+execute before the `ready` event. Otherwise, your app may be `ready` before your code executes.
+
+This is particularly important to keep in mind for dynamic ESM import statmements (static imports are unaffected).
+For example, if `index.mjs` calls `import('./set-up-paths.mjs')` at the top level, the app will
+likely already be `ready` by the time that dynamic import resolves.
+
+```js @ts-expect-error=[2] title='index.mjs (Main Process)'
+// add an await call here to guarantee that path setup will finish before `ready`
+import('./set-up-paths.mjs')
+
+app.whenReady().then(() => {
+  console.log('This code may execute before the above import')
+})
+```
+
+:::caution Transpiler translations
+
+JavaScript transpilers (e.g. Babel, TypeScript) have historically supported ES Module
+syntax before Node.js supported ESM imports by turning these calls to CommonJS
+`require` calls.
+
+<details><summary>Example: @babel/plugin-transform-modules-commonjs</summary>
+
+The `@babel/plugin-transform-modules-commonjs` plugin will transform
+ESM imports down to `require` calls. The exact syntax will depend on the
+[`importInterop` setting](https://babeljs.io/docs/babel-plugin-transform-modules-commonjs#importinterop).
+
+```js @nolint @ts-nocheck title='@babel/plugin-transform-modules-commonjs'
+import foo from "foo";
+import { bar } from "bar";
+foo;
+bar;
+
+// with "importInterop: node", compiles to ...
+
+"use strict";
+
+var _foo = require("foo");
+var _bar = require("bar");
+
+_foo;
+_bar.bar;
+```
+
+</details>
+
+These CommonJS calls load module code synchronously. If you are migrating transpiled CJS code
+to native ESM, be careful about the timing differences between CJS and ESM.
+
+:::
+
+## Renderer process
+
+Electron's renderer processes run in a Chromium context and will use Chromium's ESM loader.
+In practice, this means that `import` statements:
+
+- will not have access to Node.js built-in modules
+- will not be able to load npm packages from `node_modules`
+
+```html
+<script type="module">
+    import { exists } from 'node:fs' // ❌ will not work!
+</script>
+```
+
+If you wish to load JavaScript packages via npm directly into the renderer process, we recommend
+using a bundler such as webpack or Vite to compile your code for client-side consumption.
+
+## Preload scripts
+
+A renderer's preload script will use the Node.js ESM loader _when available_.
+ESM availability will depend on the values of its renderer's `sandbox` and `contextIsolation`
+preferences, and comes with a few other caveats due to the asynchronous nature of ESM loading.
+
+### Caveats
+
+#### ESM preload scripts must have the `.mjs` extension
+
+Preload scripts will ignore `"type": "module"` fields, so you _must_ use the `.mjs` file
+extension in your ESM preload scripts.
+
+#### Sandboxed preload scripts can't use ESM imports
+
+Sandboxed preload scripts are run as plain JavaScript without an ESM context. If you need to
+use external modules, we recommend using a bundler for your preload code. Loading the
+`electron` API is still done via `require('electron')`.
+
+For more information on sandboxing, see the [Process Sandboxing](./sandbox.md) docs.
+
+#### Unsandboxed ESM preload scripts will run after page load on pages with no content
+
+If the response body for a renderer's loaded page is _completely_ empty (i.e. `Content-Length: 0`),
+its preload script will not block the page load, which may result in race conditions.
+
+If this impacts you, change your response body to have _something_ in it
+(e.g. an empty `html` tag (`<html></html>`)) or swap back to using a CommonJS preload script
+(`.js` or `.cjs`), which will block the page load.
+
+### ESM preload scripts must be context isolated to use dynamic Node.js ESM imports
+
+If your unsandboxed renderer process does not have the `contextIsolation` flag enabled,
+you cannot dynamically `import()` files via Node's ESM loader.
+
+```js @ts-nocheck title='preload.mjs'
+// ❌ these won't work without context isolation
+const fs = await import('node:fs')
+await import('./foo')
+```
+
+This is because Chromium's dynamic ESM `import()` function usually takes precedence in the
+renderer process and without context isolation, there is no way of knowing if Node.js is available
+in a dynamic import statement. If you enable context isolation, `import()` statements
+from the renderer's isolated preload context can be routed to the Node.js module loader.

docs/tutorial/examples.md

@@ -16,16 +16,7 @@ Once Fiddle is installed, you can press on the "Open in Fiddle" button that you
 will find below code samples like the following one:
 
 ```fiddle docs/fiddles/quick-start
-window.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => {
-  const replaceText = (selector, text) => {
-    const element = document.getElementById(selector)
-    if (element) element.innerText = text
-  }
 
-  for (const type of ['chrome', 'node', 'electron']) {
-    replaceText(`${type}-version`, process.versions[type])
-  }
-})
 ```
 
 If there is still something that you do not know how to do, please take a look at the [API][app]

docs/tutorial/in-app-purchases.md

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ To test In-App Purchase in development with Electron you'll have to change the `
 
 Here is an example that shows how to use In-App Purchases in Electron. You'll have to replace the product ids by the identifiers of the products created with iTunes Connect (the identifier of `com.example.app.product1` is `product1`). Note that you have to listen to the `transactions-updated` event as soon as possible in your app.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 // Main process
 const { inAppPurchase } = require('electron')
 const PRODUCT_IDS = ['id1', 'id2']

docs/tutorial/installation.md

@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ You can use environment variables to override the base URL, the path at which to
 look for Electron binaries, and the binary filename. The URL used by `@electron/get`
 is composed as follows:
 
-```javascript @ts-nocheck
+```js @ts-nocheck
 url = ELECTRON_MIRROR + ELECTRON_CUSTOM_DIR + '/' + ELECTRON_CUSTOM_FILENAME
 ```
 

docs/tutorial/ipc.md

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ sections.
 
 In the main process, set an IPC listener on the `set-title` channel with the `ipcMain.on` API:
 
-```javascript {6-10,22} title='main.js (Main Process)'
+```js {6-10,22} title='main.js (Main Process)'
 const { app, BrowserWindow, ipcMain } = require('electron')
 const path = require('node:path')
 
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ you need to choose which APIs to expose from your preload script using the `cont
 In your preload script, add the following code, which will expose a global `window.electronAPI`
 variable to your renderer process.
 
-```javascript title='preload.js (Preload Script)'
+```js title='preload.js (Preload Script)'
 const { contextBridge, ipcRenderer } = require('electron')
 
 contextBridge.exposeInMainWorld('electronAPI', {
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ To make these elements interactive, we'll be adding a few lines of code in the i
 `renderer.js` file that leverages the `window.electronAPI` functionality exposed from the preload
 script:
 
-```javascript title='renderer.js (Renderer Process)' @ts-expect-error=[4,5]
+```js title='renderer.js (Renderer Process)' @ts-expect-error=[4,5]
 const setButton = document.getElementById('btn')
 const titleInput = document.getElementById('title')
 setButton.addEventListener('click', () => {
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ provided to the renderer process. Please refer to
 [#24427](https://github.com/electron/electron/issues/24427) for details.
 :::
 
-```javascript {6-13,25} title='main.js (Main Process)'
+```js {6-13,25} title='main.js (Main Process)'
 const { app, BrowserWindow, dialog, ipcMain } = require('electron')
 const path = require('node:path')
 
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ In the preload script, we expose a one-line `openFile` function that calls and r
 `ipcRenderer.invoke('dialog:openFile')`. We'll be using this API in the next step to call the
 native dialog from our renderer's user interface.
 
-```javascript title='preload.js (Preload Script)'
+```js title='preload.js (Preload Script)'
 const { contextBridge, ipcRenderer } = require('electron')
 
 contextBridge.exposeInMainWorld('electronAPI', {
@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ The UI consists of a single `#btn` button element that will be used to trigger o
 a `#filePath` element that will be used to display the path of the selected file. Making these
 pieces work will take a few lines of code in the renderer process script:
 
-```javascript title='renderer.js (Renderer Process)' @ts-expect-error=[5]
+```js title='renderer.js (Renderer Process)' @ts-expect-error=[5]
 const btn = document.getElementById('btn')
 const filePathElement = document.getElementById('filePath')
 
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ The `ipcRenderer.send` API that we used for single-way communication can also be
 perform two-way communication. This was the recommended way for asynchronous two-way communication
 via IPC prior to Electron 7.
 
-```javascript title='preload.js (Preload Script)'
+```js title='preload.js (Preload Script)'
 // You can also put expose this code to the renderer
 // process with the `contextBridge` API
 const { ipcRenderer } = require('electron')
@@ -310,7 +310,7 @@ ipcRenderer.on('asynchronous-reply', (_event, arg) => {
 ipcRenderer.send('asynchronous-message', 'ping')
 ```
 
-```javascript title='main.js (Main Process)'
+```js title='main.js (Main Process)'
 ipcMain.on('asynchronous-message', (event, arg) => {
   console.log(arg) // prints "ping" in the Node console
   // works like `send`, but returning a message back
@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ channels, you would need to add additional app code to track each call and respo
 The `ipcRenderer.sendSync` API sends a message to the main process and waits _synchronously_ for a
 response.
 
-```javascript title='main.js (Main Process)'
+```js title='main.js (Main Process)'
 const { ipcMain } = require('electron')
 ipcMain.on('synchronous-message', (event, arg) => {
   console.log(arg) // prints "ping" in the Node console
@@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ ipcMain.on('synchronous-message', (event, arg) => {
 })
 ```
 
-```javascript title='preload.js (Preload Script)'
+```js title='preload.js (Preload Script)'
 // You can also put expose this code to the renderer
 // process with the `contextBridge` API
 const { ipcRenderer } = require('electron')
@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@ For this demo, we'll need to first build a custom menu in the main process using
 module that uses the `webContents.send` API to send an IPC message from the main process to the
 target renderer.
 
-```javascript {11-26} title='main.js (Main Process)'
+```js {11-26} title='main.js (Main Process)'
 const { app, BrowserWindow, Menu, ipcMain } = require('electron')
 const path = require('node:path')
 
@@ -412,7 +412,7 @@ function createWindow () {
 For the purposes of the tutorial, it's important to note that the `click` handler
 sends a message (either `1` or `-1`) to the renderer process through the `update-counter` channel.
 
-```javascript @ts-type={mainWindow:Electron.BrowserWindow}
+```js @ts-type={mainWindow:Electron.BrowserWindow}
 click: () => mainWindow.webContents.send('update-counter', -1)
 ```
 
@@ -425,11 +425,11 @@ Make sure you're loading the `index.html` and `preload.js` entry points for the
 Like in the previous renderer-to-main example, we use the `contextBridge` and `ipcRenderer`
 modules in the preload script to expose IPC functionality to the renderer process:
 
-```javascript title='preload.js (Preload Script)'
+```js title='preload.js (Preload Script)'
 const { contextBridge, ipcRenderer } = require('electron')
 
 contextBridge.exposeInMainWorld('electronAPI', {
-  onUpdateCounter: (callback) => ipcRenderer.on('update-counter', callback)
+  onUpdateCounter: (callback) => ipcRenderer.on('update-counter', (_event, value) => callback(value))
 })
 ```
 
@@ -439,13 +439,15 @@ After loading the preload script, your renderer process should have access to th
 :::caution Security warning
 We don't directly expose the whole `ipcRenderer.on` API for [security reasons][]. Make sure to
 limit the renderer's access to Electron APIs as much as possible.
+Also don't just pass the callback to `ipcRenderer.on` as this will leak `ipcRenderer` via `event.sender`.
+Use a custom handler that invoke the `callback` only with the desired arguments.
 :::
 
 :::info
 In the case of this minimal example, you can call `ipcRenderer.on` directly in the preload script
 rather than exposing it over the context bridge.
 
-```javascript title='preload.js (Preload Script)'
+```js title='preload.js (Preload Script)'
 const { ipcRenderer } = require('electron')
 
 window.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => {
@@ -486,10 +488,10 @@ To tie it all together, we'll create an interface in the loaded HTML file that c
 Finally, to make the values update in the HTML document, we'll add a few lines of DOM manipulation
 so that the value of the `#counter` element is updated whenever we fire an `update-counter` event.
 
-```javascript title='renderer.js (Renderer Process)' @ts-window-type={electronAPI:{onUpdateCounter:(callback:(event:Electron.IpcRendererEvent,value:number)=>void)=>void}}
+```js title='renderer.js (Renderer Process)' @ts-window-type={electronAPI:{onUpdateCounter:(callback:(value:number)=>void)=>void}}
 const counter = document.getElementById('counter')
 
-window.electronAPI.onUpdateCounter((_event, value) => {
+window.electronAPI.onUpdateCounter((value) => {
   const oldValue = Number(counter.innerText)
   const newValue = oldValue + value
   counter.innerText = newValue.toString()
@@ -506,23 +508,32 @@ There's no equivalent for `ipcRenderer.invoke` for main-to-renderer IPC. Instead
 send a reply back to the main process from within the `ipcRenderer.on` callback.
 
 We can demonstrate this with slight modifications to the code from the previous example. In the
-renderer process, use the `event` parameter to send a reply back to the main process through the
+renderer process, expose another API to send a reply back to the main process through the
 `counter-value` channel.
 
-```javascript title='renderer.js (Renderer Process)' @ts-window-type={electronAPI:{onUpdateCounter:(callback:(event:Electron.IpcRendererEvent,value:number)=>void)=>void}}
+```js title='preload.js (Preload Script)'
+const { contextBridge, ipcRenderer } = require('electron')
+
+contextBridge.exposeInMainWorld('electronAPI', {
+  onUpdateCounter: (callback) => ipcRenderer.on('update-counter', (_event, value) => callback(value)),
+  counterValue: (value) => ipcRenderer.send('counter-value', value)
+})
+```
+
+```js title='renderer.js (Renderer Process)' @ts-window-type={electronAPI:{onUpdateCounter:(callback:(value:number)=>void)=>void,counterValue:(value:number)=>void}}
 const counter = document.getElementById('counter')
 
-window.electronAPI.onUpdateCounter((event, value) => {
+window.electronAPI.onUpdateCounter((value) => {
   const oldValue = Number(counter.innerText)
   const newValue = oldValue + value
   counter.innerText = newValue.toString()
-  event.sender.send('counter-value', newValue)
+  window.electronAPI.counterValue(newValue)
 })
 ```
 
 In the main process, listen for `counter-value` events and handle them appropriately.
 
-```javascript title='main.js (Main Process)'
+```js title='main.js (Main Process)'
 // ...
 ipcMain.on('counter-value', (_event, value) => {
   console.log(value) // will print value to Node console

docs/tutorial/keyboard-shortcuts.md

@@ -14,11 +14,19 @@ To configure a local keyboard shortcut, you need to specify an [`accelerator`][]
 property when creating a [MenuItem][] within the [Menu][] module.
 
 Starting with a working application from the
-[Quick Start Guide](quick-start.md), update the `main.js` file with the
-following lines:
+[Quick Start Guide](quick-start.md), update the `main.js` to be:
 
-```javascript fiddle='docs/fiddles/features/keyboard-shortcuts/local'
-const { Menu, MenuItem } = require('electron')
+```fiddle docs/fiddles/features/keyboard-shortcuts/local
+const { app, BrowserWindow, Menu, MenuItem } = require('electron/main')
+
+function createWindow () {
+  const win = new BrowserWindow({
+    width: 800,
+    height: 600
+  })
+
+  win.loadFile('index.html')
+}
 
 const menu = new Menu()
 menu.append(new MenuItem({
@@ -31,6 +39,20 @@ menu.append(new MenuItem({
 }))
 
 Menu.setApplicationMenu(menu)
+
+app.whenReady().then(createWindow)
+
+app.on('window-all-closed', () => {
+  if (process.platform !== 'darwin') {
+    app.quit()
+  }
+})
+
+app.on('activate', () => {
+  if (BrowserWindow.getAllWindows().length === 0) {
+    createWindow()
+  }
+})
 ```
 
 > NOTE: In the code above, you can see that the accelerator differs based on the
@@ -53,17 +75,37 @@ module to detect keyboard events even when the application does not have
 keyboard focus.
 
 Starting with a working application from the
-[Quick Start Guide](quick-start.md), update the `main.js` file with the
-following lines:
+[Quick Start Guide](quick-start.md), update the `main.js` to be:
 
-```javascript fiddle='docs/fiddles/features/keyboard-shortcuts/global' @ts-type={createWindow:()=>void}
-const { app, globalShortcut } = require('electron')
+```fiddle docs/fiddles/features/keyboard-shortcuts/global
+const { app, BrowserWindow, globalShortcut } = require('electron/main')
+
+function createWindow () {
+  const win = new BrowserWindow({
+    width: 800,
+    height: 600
+  })
+
+  win.loadFile('index.html')
+}
 
 app.whenReady().then(() => {
   globalShortcut.register('Alt+CommandOrControl+I', () => {
     console.log('Electron loves global shortcuts!')
   })
 }).then(createWindow)
+
+app.on('window-all-closed', () => {
+  if (process.platform !== 'darwin') {
+    app.quit()
+  }
+})
+
+app.on('activate', () => {
+  if (BrowserWindow.getAllWindows().length === 0) {
+    createWindow()
+  }
+})
 ```
 
 > NOTE: In the code above, the `CommandOrControl` combination uses `Command`
@@ -81,8 +123,8 @@ If you want to handle keyboard shortcuts within a [BrowserWindow][], you can
 listen for the `keyup` and `keydown` [DOM events][dom-events] inside the
 renderer process using the [addEventListener() API][addEventListener-api].
 
-```javascript fiddle='docs/fiddles/features/keyboard-shortcuts/web-apis|focus=renderer.js'
-const handleKeyPress = (event) => {
+```fiddle docs/fiddles/features/keyboard-shortcuts/web-apis|focus=renderer.js
+function handleKeyPress (event) {
   // You can put code here to handle the keypress.
   document.getElementById('last-keypress').innerText = event.key
   console.log(`You pressed ${event.key}`)
@@ -105,8 +147,8 @@ Starting with a working application from the
 [Quick Start Guide](quick-start.md), update the `main.js` file with the
 following lines:
 
-```javascript fiddle='docs/fiddles/features/keyboard-shortcuts/interception-from-main'
-const { app, BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
+```fiddle docs/fiddles/features/keyboard-shortcuts/interception-from-main
+const { app, BrowserWindow } = require('electron/main')
 
 app.whenReady().then(() => {
   const win = new BrowserWindow({ width: 800, height: 600 })

docs/tutorial/launch-app-from-url-in-another-app.md

@@ -25,14 +25,14 @@ we will use will be "`electron-fiddle://`".
 First, we will import the required modules from `electron`. These modules help
 control our application lifecycle and create a native browser window.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { app, BrowserWindow, shell } = require('electron')
 const path = require('node:path')
 ```
 
 Next, we will proceed to register our application to handle all "`electron-fiddle://`" protocols.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 if (process.defaultApp) {
   if (process.argv.length >= 2) {
     app.setAsDefaultProtocolClient('electron-fiddle', process.execPath, [path.resolve(process.argv[1])])
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ if (process.defaultApp) {
 
 We will now define the function in charge of creating our browser window and load our application's `index.html` file.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 let mainWindow
 
 const createWindow = () => {
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ This code will be different in Windows and Linux compared to MacOS. This is due
 
 #### Windows and Linux code:
 
-```javascript @ts-type={mainWindow:Electron.BrowserWindow} @ts-type={createWindow:()=>void}
+```js @ts-type={mainWindow:Electron.BrowserWindow} @ts-type={createWindow:()=>void}
 const gotTheLock = app.requestSingleInstanceLock()
 
 if (!gotTheLock) {
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ if (!gotTheLock) {
 
 #### MacOS code:
 
-```javascript @ts-type={createWindow:()=>void}
+```js @ts-type={createWindow:()=>void}
 // This method will be called when Electron has finished
 // initialization and is ready to create browser windows.
 // Some APIs can only be used after this event occurs.
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ app.on('open-url', (event, url) => {
 
 Finally, we will add some additional code to handle when someone closes our application.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 // Quit when all windows are closed, except on macOS. There, it's common
 // for applications and their menu bar to stay active until the user quits
 // explicitly with Cmd + Q.
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ shows the bare minimum needed to add the configuration changes)_:
 }
 ```
 
-#### [Electron Packager](https://github.com/electron/electron-packager)
+#### [Electron Packager](https://github.com/electron/packager)
 
 For macOS support:
 
@@ -167,8 +167,8 @@ If you're using Electron Packager's API, adding support for protocol handlers is
 Electron Forge is handled, except
 `protocols` is part of the Packager options passed to the `packager` function.
 
-```javascript @ts-nocheck
-const packager = require('electron-packager')
+```js @ts-nocheck
+const packager = require('@electron/packager')
 
 packager({
   // ...other options...

docs/tutorial/macos-dock.md

@@ -23,10 +23,10 @@ To set your custom dock menu, you need to use the
 [`app.dock.setMenu`](../api/dock.md#docksetmenumenu-macos) API,
 which is only available on macOS.
 
-```javascript fiddle='docs/fiddles/features/macos-dock-menu'
-const { app, BrowserWindow, Menu } = require('electron')
+```fiddle docs/fiddles/features/macos-dock-menu
+const { app, BrowserWindow, Menu } = require('electron/main')
 
-const createWindow = () => {
+function createWindow () {
   const win = new BrowserWindow({
     width: 800,
     height: 600

docs/tutorial/multithreading.md

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ It is possible to use Node.js features in Electron's Web Workers, to do
 so the `nodeIntegrationInWorker` option should be set to `true` in
 `webPreferences`.
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const win = new BrowserWindow({
   webPreferences: {
     nodeIntegrationInWorker: true
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ safe.
 The only way to load a native module safely for now, is to make sure the app
 loads no native modules after the Web Workers get started.
 
-```javascript @ts-expect-error=[1]
+```js @ts-expect-error=[1]
 process.dlopen = () => {
   throw new Error('Load native module is not safe')
 }

docs/tutorial/native-file-drag-drop.md

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ Add a draggable element to `index.html`, and reference your renderer script:
 
 In `renderer.js` set up the renderer process to handle drag events by calling the method you added via the [`contextBridge`][] above.
 
-```javascript @ts-expect-error=[3]
+```js @ts-expect-error=[3]
 document.getElementById('drag').ondragstart = (event) => {
   event.preventDefault()
   window.electron.startDrag('drag-and-drop.md')
@@ -56,15 +56,55 @@ document.getElementById('drag').ondragstart = (event) => {
 In the Main process (`main.js` file), expand the received event with a path to the file that is
 being dragged and an icon:
 
-```javascript fiddle='docs/fiddles/features/drag-and-drop'
-const { ipcMain } = require('electron')
+```fiddle docs/fiddles/features/drag-and-drop
+const { app, BrowserWindow, ipcMain } = require('electron/main')
+const path = require('node:path')
+const fs = require('node:fs')
+const https = require('node:https')
+
+function createWindow () {
+  const win = new BrowserWindow({
+    width: 800,
+    height: 600,
+    webPreferences: {
+      preload: path.join(__dirname, 'preload.js')
+    }
+  })
+
+  win.loadFile('index.html')
+}
+
+const iconName = path.join(__dirname, 'iconForDragAndDrop.png')
+const icon = fs.createWriteStream(iconName)
+
+// Create a new file to copy - you can also copy existing files.
+fs.writeFileSync(path.join(__dirname, 'drag-and-drop-1.md'), '# First file to test drag and drop')
+fs.writeFileSync(path.join(__dirname, 'drag-and-drop-2.md'), '# Second file to test drag and drop')
+
+https.get('https://img.icons8.com/ios/452/drag-and-drop.png', (response) => {
+  response.pipe(icon)
+})
+
+app.whenReady().then(createWindow)
 
 ipcMain.on('ondragstart', (event, filePath) => {
   event.sender.startDrag({
-    file: filePath,
-    icon: '/path/to/icon.png'
+    file: path.join(__dirname, filePath),
+    icon: iconName
   })
 })
+
+app.on('window-all-closed', () => {
+  if (process.platform !== 'darwin') {
+    app.quit()
+  }
+})
+
+app.on('activate', () => {
+  if (BrowserWindow.getAllWindows().length === 0) {
+    createWindow()
+  }
+})
 ```
 
 After launching the Electron application, try dragging and dropping

docs/tutorial/notifications.md

@@ -30,16 +30,38 @@ new Notification({
 
 Here's a full example that you can open with Electron Fiddle:
 
-```javascript fiddle='docs/fiddles/features/notifications/main'
-const { Notification } = require('electron')
+```fiddle docs/fiddles/features/notifications/main
+const { app, BrowserWindow, Notification } = require('electron/main')
+
+function createWindow () {
+  const win = new BrowserWindow({
+    width: 800,
+    height: 600
+  })
+
+  win.loadFile('index.html')
+}
 
 const NOTIFICATION_TITLE = 'Basic Notification'
 const NOTIFICATION_BODY = 'Notification from the Main process'
 
-new Notification({
-  title: NOTIFICATION_TITLE,
-  body: NOTIFICATION_BODY
-}).show()
+function showNotification () {
+  new Notification({ title: NOTIFICATION_TITLE, body: NOTIFICATION_BODY }).show()
+}
+
+app.whenReady().then(createWindow).then(showNotification)
+
+app.on('window-all-closed', () => {
+  if (process.platform !== 'darwin') {
+    app.quit()
+  }
+})
+
+app.on('activate', () => {
+  if (BrowserWindow.getAllWindows().length === 0) {
+    createWindow()
+  }
+})
 ```
 
 ### Show notifications in the renderer process
@@ -59,14 +81,13 @@ new Notification(NOTIFICATION_TITLE, { body: NOTIFICATION_BODY }).onclick =
 
 Here's a full example that you can open with Electron Fiddle:
 
-```javascript fiddle='docs/fiddles/features/notifications/renderer'
+```fiddle docs/fiddles/features/notifications/renderer|focus=renderer.js
 const NOTIFICATION_TITLE = 'Title'
-const NOTIFICATION_BODY =
-  'Notification from the Renderer process. Click to log to console.'
-const CLICK_MESSAGE = 'Notification clicked'
+const NOTIFICATION_BODY = 'Notification from the Renderer process. Click to log to console.'
+const CLICK_MESSAGE = 'Notification clicked!'
 
-new Notification(NOTIFICATION_TITLE, { body: NOTIFICATION_BODY }).onclick =
-  () => console.log(CLICK_MESSAGE)
+new window.Notification(NOTIFICATION_TITLE, { body: NOTIFICATION_BODY })
+  .onclick = () => { document.getElementById('output').innerText = CLICK_MESSAGE }
 ```
 
 ## Platform considerations

docs/tutorial/offscreen-rendering.md

@@ -39,22 +39,44 @@ To enable this mode, GPU acceleration has to be disabled by calling the
 
 ## Example
 
-```javascript fiddle='docs/fiddles/features/offscreen-rendering'
-const { app, BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
+```fiddle docs/fiddles/features/offscreen-rendering
+const { app, BrowserWindow } = require('electron/main')
 const fs = require('node:fs')
+const path = require('node:path')
 
 app.disableHardwareAcceleration()
 
-let win
-
-app.whenReady().then(() => {
-  win = new BrowserWindow({ webPreferences: { offscreen: true } })
+function createWindow () {
+  const win = new BrowserWindow({
+    width: 800,
+    height: 600,
+    webPreferences: {
+      offscreen: true
+    }
+  })
 
   win.loadURL('https://github.com')
   win.webContents.on('paint', (event, dirty, image) => {
     fs.writeFileSync('ex.png', image.toPNG())
   })
   win.webContents.setFrameRate(60)
+  console.log(`The screenshot has been successfully saved to ${path.join(process.cwd(), 'ex.png')}`)
+}
+
+app.whenReady().then(() => {
+  createWindow()
+
+  app.on('activate', () => {
+    if (BrowserWindow.getAllWindows().length === 0) {
+      createWindow()
+    }
+  })
+})
+
+app.on('window-all-closed', () => {
+  if (process.platform !== 'darwin') {
+    app.quit()
+  }
 })
 ```
 

docs/tutorial/process-model.md

@@ -228,6 +228,23 @@ channel with a renderer process using [`MessagePort`][]s. An Electron app can
 always prefer the [UtilityProcess][] API over Node.js [`child_process.fork`][] API when
 there is need to fork a child process from the main process.
 
+## Process-specific module aliases (TypeScript)
+
+Electron's npm package also exports subpaths that contain a subset of
+Electron's TypeScript type definitions.
+
+- `electron/main` includes types for all main process modules.
+- `electron/renderer` includes types for all renderer process modules.
+- `electron/common` includes types for modules that can run in main and renderer processes.
+
+These aliases have no impact on runtime, but can be used for typechecking
+and autocomplete.
+
+```js title="Usage example"
+const { app } = require('electron/main')
+const { shell } = require('electron/common')
+```
+
 [window-mdn]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window
 [`MessagePort`]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/MessagePort
 [`child_process.fork`]: https://nodejs.org/dist/latest-v16.x/docs/api/child_process.html#child_processforkmodulepath-args-options

docs/tutorial/progress-bar.md

@@ -50,12 +50,12 @@ See the [API documentation for more options and modes][setprogressbar].
 In this example, we add a progress bar to the main window that increments over time
 using Node.js timers.
 
-```javascript fiddle='docs/fiddles/features/progress-bar'
-const { app, BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
+```fiddle docs/fiddles/features/progress-bar
+const { app, BrowserWindow } = require('electron/main')
 
 let progressInterval
 
-const createWindow = () => {
+function createWindow () {
   const win = new BrowserWindow({
     width: 800,
     height: 600
@@ -73,8 +73,11 @@ const createWindow = () => {
     win.setProgressBar(c)
 
     // increment or reset progress bar
-    if (c < 2) c += INCREMENT
-    else c = 0
+    if (c < 2) {
+      c += INCREMENT
+    } else {
+      c = (-INCREMENT * 5) // reset to a bit less than 0 to show reset state
+    }
   }, INTERVAL_DELAY)
 }
 

docs/tutorial/quick-start.md

@@ -459,7 +459,14 @@ To summarize all the steps we've done:
 The fastest way to distribute your newly created app is using
 [Electron Forge](https://www.electronforge.io).
 
-1. Add Electron Forge as a development dependency of your app, and use its `import` command to set up
+:::info
+
+To build an RPM package for Linux, you will need to [install its required system dependencies](https://www.electronforge.io/config/makers/rpm).
+
+:::
+
+1. Add a description to your `package.json` file, otherwise rpmbuild will fail. Blank description are not valid.
+2. Add Electron Forge as a development dependency of your app, and use its `import` command to set up
 Forge's scaffolding:
 
    ```sh npm2yarn
@@ -478,7 +485,7 @@ Forge's scaffolding:
    Thanks for using "electron-forge"!!!
    ```
 
-2. Create a distributable using Forge's `make` command:
+3. Create a distributable using Forge's `make` command:
 
    ```sh npm2yarn
    npm run make

docs/tutorial/recent-documents.md

@@ -24,12 +24,12 @@ the application via JumpList or dock menu, respectively.
 
 ### Managing recent documents
 
-```javascript fiddle='docs/fiddles/features/recent-documents'
-const { app, BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
+```fiddle docs/fiddles/features/recent-documents
+const { app, BrowserWindow } = require('electron/main')
 const fs = require('node:fs')
 const path = require('node:path')
 
-const createWindow = () => {
+function createWindow () {
   const win = new BrowserWindow({
     width: 800,
     height: 600
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ following code snippet to your menu template:
 Make sure the application menu is added after the [`'ready'`](../api/app.md#event-ready)
 event and not before, or the menu item will be disabled:
 
-```javascript
+```js
 const { app, Menu } = require('electron')
 
 const template = [

docs/tutorial/represented-file.md

@@ -27,22 +27,30 @@ To set the represented file of window, you can use the
 
 ## Example
 
-```javascript fiddle='docs/fiddles/features/represented-file'
-const { app, BrowserWindow } = require('electron')
+```fiddle docs/fiddles/features/represented-file
+const { app, BrowserWindow } = require('electron/main')
 const os = require('node:os')
 
-const createWindow = () => {
+function createWindow () {
   const win = new BrowserWindow({
     width: 800,
     height: 600
   })
-}
-
-app.whenReady().then(() => {
-  const win = new BrowserWindow()
 
   win.setRepresentedFilename(os.homedir())
   win.setDocumentEdited(true)
+
+  win.loadFile('index.html')
+}
+
+app.whenReady().then(() => {
+  createWindow()
+
+  app.on('activate', () => {
+    if (BrowserWindow.getAllWindows().length === 0) {
+      createWindow()
+    }
+  })
 })
 
 app.on('window-all-closed', () => {
@@ -50,12 +58,6 @@ app.on('window-all-closed', () => {
     app.quit()
   }
 })
-
-app.on('activate', () => {
-  if (BrowserWindow.getAllWindows().length === 0) {
-    createWindow()
-  }
-})
 ```
 
 After launching the Electron application, click on the title with `Command` or