fix: update gas_used/gas_refunded to ResultGas API

# Conflicts:
#	Cargo.lock
#	crates/optimism/evm/src/lib.rs

.changelog/big-mules-cook.md

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+---
+---
+
+Added site-level meta description for SEO.

.changelog/bold-frogs-run.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-transaction-pool: patch
+---
+
+Renamed and documented validation methods for clarity. `validate_one_no_state` and `validate_one_against_state` are now public methods `validate_stateless` and `validate_stateful` with improved documentation explaining their respective validation phases.

.changelog/config.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+# Changelogs configuration for reth
+# https://github.com/wevm/changelogs
+
+# How to bump packages that depend on changed packages
+dependent_bump = "patch"
+
+[changelog]
+# Generate per-crate changelogs (vs single root changelog)
+format = "per-crate"
+
+# Fixed groups: all always share the same version
+# reth binaries share version
+[[fixed]]
+members = ["reth"]
+
+# Packages to ignore (internal/test-only crates)
+ignore = [
+    "reth-testing-utils",
+    "reth-bench",
+]

.changelog/cute-bears-paint.md

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+---
+reth: minor
+reth-cli-commands: minor
+reth-e2e-test-utils: minor
+reth-ethereum-cli: minor
+reth-node-core: minor
+reth-optimism-bin: minor
+reth-optimism-cli: minor
+reth-prune: patch
+reth-stages: patch
+reth-storage-api: minor
+reth-storage-db-api: minor
+reth-storage-db-common: patch
+reth-storage-provider: patch
+---
+
+Introduced `--storage.v2` flag to control storage mode defaults, replacing the `edge` feature flag with `rocksdb` feature. The new flag enables v2 storage settings (static files + RocksDB routing) while individual `--static-files.*` and `--rocksdb.*` flags can still override defaults. Updated feature gates from `edge` to `rocksdb` across all affected crates.

.changelog/dry-ants-bow.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth: patch
+---
+
+Removed Windows platform support from the codebase, including the Windows cross-compilation Dockerfile, build targets in Cross.toml and Makefile, and Windows-specific options in the bug report template.

.changelog/dry-ducks-write.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-network: minor
+---
+
+Added reason label to backed_off_peers metric. The metric now tracks backed off peers by reason (too_many_peers, graceful_close, connection_error) to improve observability.

.changelog/eager-mules-fold.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-trie-sparse-parallel: patch
+---
+
+Fixed parallel sparse trie to skip revealing disconnected leaves by checking parent branch reachability before inserting leaf nodes.

.changelog/easy-clouds-meow.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+ef-tests: patch
+---
+
+Removed reth-stateless crate and stateless validation from ef-tests.

.changelog/evil-pigs-cry.md

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+---
+reth-engine-tree: patch
+reth-trie-sparse-parallel: patch
+---
+
+Added tracing spans and debug logs to sparse trie operations for better observability during parallel state root computation.

.changelog/fair-winds-growl.md

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+---
+reth-exex: patch
+reth-exex-types: patch
+---
+
+Added configurable backfill thresholds to ExEx notifications stream and added regression tests for state provider parity between pipeline and backfill execution paths.

.changelog/fast-fish-cry.md

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+---
+---
+
+Added WebSocket subscription integration tests for eth_subscribe.

.changelog/gentle-moons-cry.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-engine-tree: patch
+---
+
+Reordered cache size calculations in `ExecutionCache::new` to group related operations together.

.changelog/icy-lions-slide.md

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+---
+reth: patch
+reth-cli-commands: patch
+reth-node-core: patch
+---
+
+Removed experimental ress protocol support for stateless Ethereum nodes.

.changelog/lazy-lakes-shout.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-node-builder: patch
+---
+
+Removed biased select in engine service loop to allow fair scheduling of shutdown requests alongside event processing.

.changelog/lively-clams-drink.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-transaction-pool: patch
+---
+
+Fixed swapped arguments in `blob_tx_priority` function calls, correcting the parameter order to match the function signature.

.changelog/lively-deer-shout.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth: patch
+---
+
+Re-enabled changelog workflow to run automatically on pull requests.

.changelog/mild-foxes-bark.md

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+---
+reth-chainspec: minor
+reth-network-peers: minor
+---
+
+Removed OP stack bootnodes from default chain configurations and network peers module.

.changelog/nice-waves-bow.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-primitives: patch
+---
+
+Moved feature-referenced dependencies from dev-dependencies to optional dependencies to ensure they are available when their corresponding features are enabled.

.changelog/old-dogs-shake.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-transaction-pool: minor
+---
+
+Added `IntoIter: Send` bounds to `validate_transactions` and `validate_transactions_with_origin` in the `TransactionValidator` trait, avoiding unnecessary `Vec` collects. Simplified default `validate_transactions_with_origin` to delegate to `validate_transactions`.

.changelog/quiet-foxes-dance.md

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+---
+reth-static-file-types: patch
+reth-provider: patch
+---
+
+Move changeset offsets from segment header to external `.csoff` sidecar file for incremental writes and crash recovery.

.changelog/quiet-frogs-whisper.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-provider: patch
+---
+
+Removed unused staging types from ProviderFactoryBuilder.

.changelog/shy-tigers-dry.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth: patch
+---
+
+Added automated changelog generation infrastructure using wevm/changelogs-rs with Claude Code integration. Configured per-crate changelog format with fixed version groups for reth binaries and exclusions for internal test utilities.

.changelog/swift-owls-fly.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-trie-sparse: minor
+---
+
+Removed `SerialSparseTrie` from the workspace, consolidating on `ParallelSparseTrie` as the single sparse trie implementation in `reth-trie-sparse`.

.changelog/vain-lakes-cry.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth: patch
+---
+
+Updated Alloy dependencies from 1.5.2 to 1.6.1.

.changelog/vast-waves-fold.md

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+---
+---
+
+Expanded CLI integration tests with subcommand help coverage, config TOML validation, genesis JSON validation, and send transaction round-trip test for dev mode.

.changelog/warm-foxes-glow.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+reth-network: minor
+---
+
+Added direction labels to `closed_sessions` and `pending_session_failures` metrics. Operators can now distinguish session closures and failures by direction (`active`, `incoming_pending`, `outgoing_pending` for closed sessions; `inbound`, `outbound` for pending session failures).

.changelog/warm-foxes-jump.md

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+---
+---
+
+Moved Kurtosis CI failure notifications to the hive Slack channel.

.changelog/warm-geese-build.md

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+---
+reth-rpc-api: minor
+reth-rpc-builder: patch
+reth-rpc: minor
+---
+
+Added `subscribeFinalizedChainNotifications` RPC endpoint that buffers committed chain notifications and emits them once a new finalized block is received.

.changelog/zesty-birds-smile.md

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+---
+reth-trie: minor
+reth-trie-parallel: minor
+---
+
+Added `root_node` and `storage_root_node` methods to proof calculators for efficient root-only calculations. These methods directly return the root node without requiring dummy targets, replacing the previous workaround of passing fake targets to proof generation.

.github/CODEOWNERS

@@ -1,45 +1,51 @@
 *                           @gakonst
-crates/blockchain-tree-api/ @rakita @mattsse @Rjected
-crates/blockchain-tree/     @rakita @mattsse @Rjected
 crates/chain-state/         @fgimenez @mattsse
 crates/chainspec/           @Rjected @joshieDo @mattsse
 crates/cli/                 @mattsse
+crates/config/              @shekhirin @mattsse @Rjected 
 crates/consensus/           @mattsse @Rjected
 crates/e2e-test-utils/      @mattsse @Rjected @klkvr @fgimenez
-crates/engine/              @mattsse @Rjected @fgimenez @mediocregopher @yongkangc
-crates/era/                 @mattsse @RomanHodulak
+crates/engine/              @mattsse @Rjected @mediocregopher @yongkangc
+crates/era/                 @mattsse
+crates/era-downloader/      @mattsse
+crates/era-utils/           @mattsse
 crates/errors/              @mattsse
-crates/ethereum-forks/      @mattsse @Rjected
 crates/ethereum/            @mattsse @Rjected
 crates/etl/                 @joshieDo @shekhirin
-crates/evm/                 @rakita @mattsse @Rjected
+crates/evm/                 @mattsse @Rjected @klkvr
 crates/exex/                @shekhirin
+crates/fs-util/             @mattsse
+crates/metrics/             @mattsse @Rjected 
 crates/net/                 @mattsse @Rjected
 crates/net/downloaders/     @Rjected
 crates/node/                @mattsse @Rjected @klkvr
-crates/optimism/            @mattsse @Rjected @fgimenez
 crates/payload/             @mattsse @Rjected
-crates/primitives-traits/   @Rjected @RomanHodulak @mattsse @klkvr
+crates/primitives-traits/   @Rjected @mattsse @klkvr
 crates/primitives/          @Rjected @mattsse @klkvr
 crates/prune/               @shekhirin @joshieDo
-crates/ress                 @shekhirin @Rjected
-crates/revm/                @mattsse @rakita
-crates/rpc/                 @mattsse @Rjected @RomanHodulak
+crates/ress/                @shekhirin @Rjected
+crates/revm/                @mattsse
+crates/rpc/                 @mattsse @Rjected
 crates/stages/              @shekhirin @mediocregopher
 crates/static-file/         @joshieDo @shekhirin
+crates/stateless/           @mattsse
 crates/storage/codecs/      @joshieDo
-crates/storage/db-api/      @joshieDo @rakita
+crates/storage/db-api/      @joshieDo
 crates/storage/db-common/   @Rjected
-crates/storage/db/          @joshieDo @rakita
-crates/storage/errors/      @rakita
-crates/storage/libmdbx-rs/  @rakita @shekhirin
+crates/storage/db/          @joshieDo
+crates/storage/errors/      @joshieDo
+crates/storage/libmdbx-rs/  @shekhirin
 crates/storage/nippy-jar/   @joshieDo @shekhirin
-crates/storage/provider/    @rakita @joshieDo @shekhirin
+crates/storage/provider/    @joshieDo @shekhirin @yongkangc
 crates/storage/storage-api/ @joshieDo
 crates/tasks/               @mattsse
-crates/tokio-util/          @fgimenez
+crates/tokio-util/          @mattsse 
+crates/tracing/             @mattsse @shekhirin
+crates/tracing-otlp/        @mattsse @Rjected 
 crates/transaction-pool/    @mattsse @yongkangc
-crates/trie/                @Rjected @shekhirin @mediocregopher
+crates/trie/                @Rjected @shekhirin @mediocregopher @yongkangc
+bin/reth/                   @mattsse @shekhirin @Rjected 
+bin/reth-bench/             @mattsse @Rjected @shekhirin @yongkangc 
 bin/reth-bench-compare/     @mediocregopher @shekhirin @yongkangc
 etc/                        @Rjected @shekhirin
 .github/                    @gakonst @DaniPopes

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug.yml

@@ -43,7 +43,6 @@ body:
 
         - `~/.cache/reth/logs` on Linux
         - `~/Library/Caches/reth/logs` on macOS
-        - `%localAppData%/reth/logs` on Windows
       render: text
     validations:
       required: false
@@ -58,8 +57,6 @@ body:
         - Linux (ARM)
         - Mac (Intel)
         - Mac (Apple Silicon)
-        - Windows (x86)
-        - Windows (ARM)
   - type: dropdown
     id: container_type
     attributes:

.github/assets/check_rv32imac.sh

@@ -1,88 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env bash
-set +e  # Disable immediate exit on error
-
-# Array of crates to check
-crates_to_check=(
-    reth-codecs-derive
-    reth-primitives
-    reth-primitives-traits
-    reth-network-peers
-    reth-trie-common
-    reth-trie-sparse
-    reth-chainspec
-    reth-consensus
-    reth-consensus-common
-    reth-prune-types
-    reth-static-file-types
-    reth-storage-errors
-    reth-execution-errors
-    reth-errors
-    reth-execution-types
-    reth-db-models
-    reth-evm
-    reth-revm
-    reth-storage-api
-
-    ## ethereum
-    reth-evm-ethereum
-    reth-ethereum-forks
-    reth-ethereum-primitives
-    reth-ethereum-consensus
-    reth-stateless
-
-    ## optimism
-    reth-optimism-chainspec
-    reth-optimism-forks
-    reth-optimism-consensus
-    reth-optimism-primitives
-    reth-optimism-evm
-)
-
-# Array to hold the results
-results=()
-# Flag to track if any command fails
-any_failed=0
-
-for crate in "${crates_to_check[@]}"; do
-  cmd="cargo +stable build -p $crate --target riscv32imac-unknown-none-elf --no-default-features"
-
-  if [ -n "$CI" ]; then
-    echo "::group::$cmd"
-  else
-    printf "\n%s:\n  %s\n" "$crate" "$cmd"
-  fi
-
-  set +e  # Disable immediate exit on error
-  # Run the command and capture the return code
-  $cmd
-  ret_code=$?
-  set -e  # Re-enable immediate exit on error
-
-  # Store the result in the dictionary
-  if [ $ret_code -eq 0 ]; then
-    results+=("1:✅:$crate")
-  else
-    results+=("2:❌:$crate")
-    any_failed=1
-  fi
-
-  if [ -n "$CI" ]; then
-    echo "::endgroup::"
-  fi
-done
-
-# Sort the results by status and then by crate name
-IFS=$'\n' sorted_results=($(sort <<<"${results[*]}"))
-unset IFS
-
-# Print summary
-echo -e "\nSummary of build results:"
-for result in "${sorted_results[@]}"; do
-  status="${result#*:}"
-  status="${status%%:*}"
-  crate="${result##*:}"
-  echo "$status $crate"
-done
-
-# Exit with a non-zero status if any command fails
-exit $any_failed

.github/assets/kurtosis_op_network_params.yaml

@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-ethereum_package:
-  participants:
-    - el_type: reth
-      el_extra_params:
-        - "--rpc.eth-proof-window=100"
-      cl_type: teku
-  network_params:
-    preset: minimal
-    genesis_delay: 5
-    additional_preloaded_contracts: '
-      {
-        "0x4e59b44847b379578588920cA78FbF26c0B4956C": {
-          "balance": "0ETH",
-          "code": "0x7fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffe03601600081602082378035828234f58015156039578182fd5b8082525050506014600cf3",
-          "storage": {},
-          "nonce": "1"
-        }
-      }'
-optimism_package:
-  chains:
-    chain0:
-      participants:
-        node0:
-          el:
-            type: op-geth
-          cl:
-            type: op-node
-        node1:
-          el:
-            type: op-reth
-            image: "ghcr.io/paradigmxyz/op-reth:kurtosis-ci"
-          cl:
-            type: op-node
-      network_params:
-        holocene_time_offset: 0
-        isthmus_time_offset: 0

.github/dependabot.yml

@@ -4,3 +4,17 @@ updates:
   directory: "/"
   schedule:
     interval: "weekly"
+- package-ecosystem: "cargo"
+  directory: "/"
+  schedule:
+    interval: "weekly"
+  labels:
+    - "A-dependencies"
+  commit-message:
+    prefix: "chore(deps)"
+  open-pull-requests-limit: 1
+  groups:
+    cargo-weekly:
+      applies-to: "version-updates"
+      patterns: ["*"]
+      update-types: ["minor", "patch"]

.github/scripts/check_rv32imac.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -uo pipefail
+
+crates_to_check=(
+    reth-codecs-derive
+    reth-primitives
+    reth-primitives-traits
+    reth-network-peers
+    reth-trie-common
+    reth-trie-sparse
+    reth-chainspec
+    reth-consensus
+    reth-consensus-common
+    reth-prune-types
+    reth-static-file-types
+    reth-storage-errors
+    reth-execution-errors
+    reth-errors
+    reth-execution-types
+    reth-db-models
+    reth-evm
+    reth-revm
+    reth-storage-api
+
+    ## ethereum
+    reth-evm-ethereum
+    reth-ethereum-forks
+    reth-ethereum-primitives
+    reth-ethereum-consensus
+)
+
+any_failed=0
+tmpdir=$(mktemp -d 2>/dev/null || mktemp -d -t reth-check)
+trap 'rm -rf -- "$tmpdir"' EXIT INT TERM
+
+for crate in "${crates_to_check[@]}"; do
+  outfile="$tmpdir/$crate.log"
+  if cargo +stable build -p "$crate" --target riscv32imac-unknown-none-elf --no-default-features --color never >"$outfile" 2>&1; then
+    echo "✅ $crate"
+  else
+    echo "❌ $crate"
+    sed 's/^/   /' "$outfile"
+    echo ""
+    any_failed=1
+  fi
+done
+
+exit $any_failed

.github/scripts/check_wasm.sh

@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env bash
-set +e  # Disable immediate exit on error
+set -uo pipefail
 
-# Array of crates to compile
-crates=($(cargo metadata --format-version=1 --no-deps | jq -r '.packages[].name' | grep '^reth' | sort))
+readarray -t crates < <(
+  cargo metadata --format-version=1 --no-deps | jq -r '.packages[].name' | grep '^reth' | sort
+)
 
-# Array of crates to exclude
-# Used with the `contains` function.
 # shellcheck disable=SC2034
 exclude_crates=(
   # The following require investigation if they can be fixed
@@ -40,12 +39,6 @@ exclude_crates=(
   reth-node-ethereum
   reth-node-events
   reth-node-metrics
-  reth-optimism-cli
-  reth-optimism-flashblocks
-  reth-optimism-node
-  reth-optimism-payload-builder
-  reth-optimism-rpc
-  reth-optimism-storage
   reth-rpc
   reth-rpc-api
   reth-rpc-api-testing-util
@@ -70,6 +63,7 @@ exclude_crates=(
   reth-provider # tokio
   reth-prune # tokio
   reth-prune-static-files # reth-provider
+  reth-tasks # tokio rt-multi-thread
   reth-stages-api # reth-provider, reth-prune
   reth-static-file # tokio
   reth-transaction-pool # c-kzg
@@ -77,77 +71,41 @@ exclude_crates=(
   reth-trie-parallel # tokio
   reth-trie-sparse-parallel # rayon
   reth-testing-utils
-  reth-optimism-txpool # reth-transaction-pool
   reth-era-downloader # tokio
   reth-era-utils # tokio
   reth-tracing-otlp
   reth-node-ethstats
 )
 
-# Array to hold the results
-results=()
-# Flag to track if any command fails
 any_failed=0
+tmpdir=$(mktemp -d 2>/dev/null || mktemp -d -t reth-check)
+trap 'rm -rf -- "$tmpdir"' EXIT INT TERM
 
-# Function to check if a value exists in an array
 contains() {
   local array="$1[@]"
-  local seeking=$2
-  local in=1
+  local seeking="$2"
+  local element
   for element in "${!array}"; do
-    if [[ "$element" == "$seeking" ]]; then
-      in=0
-      break
-    fi
+    [[ "$element" == "$seeking" ]] && return 0
   done
-  return $in
+  return 1
 }
 
 for crate in "${crates[@]}"; do
   if contains exclude_crates "$crate"; then
-    results+=("3:⏭️:$crate")
+    echo "⏭️ $crate"
     continue
   fi
 
-  cmd="cargo +stable build -p $crate --target wasm32-wasip1 --no-default-features"
-
-  if [ -n "$CI" ]; then
-    echo "::group::$cmd"
+  outfile="$tmpdir/$crate.log"
+  if cargo +stable build -p "$crate" --target wasm32-wasip1 --no-default-features --color never >"$outfile" 2>&1; then
+    echo "✅ $crate"
   else
-    printf "\n%s:\n  %s\n" "$crate" "$cmd"
-  fi
-
-  set +e  # Disable immediate exit on error
-  # Run the command and capture the return code
-  $cmd
-  ret_code=$?
-  set -e  # Re-enable immediate exit on error
-
-  # Store the result in the dictionary
-  if [ $ret_code -eq 0 ]; then
-    results+=("1:✅:$crate")
-  else
-    results+=("2:❌:$crate")
+    echo "❌ $crate"
+    sed 's/^/   /' "$outfile"
+    echo ""
     any_failed=1
   fi
-
-  if [ -n "$CI" ]; then
-    echo "::endgroup::"
-  fi
 done
 
-# Sort the results by status and then by crate name
-IFS=$'\n' sorted_results=($(sort <<<"${results[*]}"))
-unset IFS
-
-# Print summary
-echo -e "\nSummary of build results:"
-for result in "${sorted_results[@]}"; do
-  status="${result#*:}"
-  status="${status%%:*}"
-  crate="${result##*:}"
-  echo "$status $crate"
-done
-
-# Exit with a non-zero status if any command fails
 exit $any_failed

.github/scripts/codspeed-build.sh

@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env bash
-set -eo pipefail
-
-# TODO: Benchmarks run WAY too slow due to excessive amount of iterations.
-
-cmd=(cargo codspeed build --profile profiling)
-crates=(
-    -p reth-primitives
-    -p reth-trie
-    -p reth-trie-common
-    -p reth-trie-sparse
-)
-
-"${cmd[@]}" --features test-utils "${crates[@]}"

.github/scripts/hive/build_simulators.sh

@@ -38,6 +38,6 @@ for pid in "${saving_pids[@]}"; do
 done
 
 # Make sure we don't rebuild images on the CI jobs
-git apply ../.github/assets/hive/no_sim_build.diff
+git apply ../.github/scripts/hive/no_sim_build.diff
 go build .
 mv ./hive ../hive_assets/

.github/scripts/verify_image_arch.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# Verifies that Docker images have the expected architectures.
+#
+# Usage:
+#   ./verify_image_arch.sh <targets> <registry> <ethereum_tags>
+#
+# Environment:
+#   DRY_RUN=true  - Skip actual verification, just print what would be checked.
+
+set -euo pipefail
+
+TARGETS="${1:-}"
+REGISTRY="${2:-}"
+ETHEREUM_TAGS="${3:-}"
+DRY_RUN="${DRY_RUN:-false}"
+
+verify_image() {
+    local image="$1"
+    shift
+    local expected_archs=("$@")
+
+    echo "Checking $image..."
+
+    if [[ "$DRY_RUN" == "true" ]]; then
+        echo "  [dry-run] Would verify architectures: ${expected_archs[*]}"
+        return 0
+    fi
+
+    manifest=$(docker manifest inspect "$image" 2>/dev/null) || {
+        echo "::error::Failed to inspect manifest for $image"
+        return 1
+    }
+
+    for arch in "${expected_archs[@]}"; do
+        if ! echo "$manifest" | jq -e ".manifests[] | select(.platform.architecture == \"$arch\" and .platform.os == \"linux\")" > /dev/null; then
+            echo "::error::Missing architecture $arch for $image"
+            return 1
+        fi
+        echo "  ✓ linux/$arch"
+    done
+}
+
+if [[ "$TARGETS" == *"nightly"* ]]; then
+    verify_image "${REGISTRY}/reth:nightly" amd64 arm64
+    verify_image "${REGISTRY}/reth:nightly-profiling" amd64
+    verify_image "${REGISTRY}/reth:nightly-edge-profiling" amd64
+else
+    for tag in $(echo "$ETHEREUM_TAGS" | tr ',' ' '); do
+        verify_image "$tag" amd64 arm64
+    done
+fi
+
+echo "All image architectures verified successfully"

.github/workflows/bench.yml

@@ -17,6 +17,16 @@ name: bench
 jobs:
   codspeed:
     runs-on: depot-ubuntu-latest
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        partition: [1, 2]
+        total_partitions: [2]
+        include:
+          - partition: 1
+            crates: "-p reth-primitives -p reth-trie-common -p reth-trie-sparse"
+          - partition: 2
+            crates: "-p reth-trie"
+    name: codspeed (${{ matrix.partition }}/${{ matrix.total_partitions }})
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v6
         with:
@@ -32,10 +42,10 @@ jobs:
         with:
           tool: cargo-codspeed
       - name: Build the benchmark target(s)
-        run: ./.github/scripts/codspeed-build.sh
+        run: cargo codspeed build --profile profiling --features test-utils ${{ matrix.crates }}
       - name: Run the benchmarks
         uses: CodSpeedHQ/action@v4
         with:
-          run: cargo codspeed run --workspace
+          run: cargo codspeed run ${{ matrix.crates }}
           mode: instrumentation
           token: ${{ secrets.CODSPEED_TOKEN }}

.github/workflows/changelog.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+name: Changelog
+
+on:
+  pull_request:
+    types: [opened, synchronize]
+
+jobs:
+  changelog:
+    # Skip for fork PRs since they can't access secrets
+    if: github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name == github.repository
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
+      pull-requests: write
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+          ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
+      - run: npm install -g @anthropic-ai/claude-code
+      - uses: wevm/changelogs/check@master
+        with:
+          ai: 'claude -p'
+        env:
+          ANTHROPIC_API_KEY: ${{ secrets.ANTHROPIC_API_KEY }}

.github/workflows/check-alloy.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+# Checks reth compilation against alloy branches to detect breaking changes.
+# Run on-demand via workflow_dispatch.
+
+name: Check Alloy Breaking Changes
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      alloy_branch:
+        description: 'Branch/rev for alloy-rs/alloy (leave empty to skip)'
+        required: false
+        type: string
+      alloy_evm_branch:
+        description: 'Branch/rev for alloy-rs/evm (alloy-evm, alloy-op-evm) (leave empty to skip)'
+        required: false
+        type: string
+      op_alloy_branch:
+        description: 'Branch/rev for alloy-rs/op-alloy (leave empty to skip)'
+        required: false
+        type: string
+
+env:
+  CARGO_TERM_COLOR: always
+
+jobs:
+  check:
+    name: Check compilation with patched alloy
+    runs-on: depot-ubuntu-latest-16
+    timeout-minutes: 60
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
+
+      - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
+        with:
+          cache-on-failure: true
+
+      - name: Apply alloy patches
+        run: |
+          ARGS=""
+          if [ -n "${{ inputs.alloy_branch }}" ]; then
+            ARGS="$ARGS --alloy ${{ inputs.alloy_branch }}"
+          fi
+          if [ -n "${{ inputs.alloy_evm_branch }}" ]; then
+            ARGS="$ARGS --evm ${{ inputs.alloy_evm_branch }}"
+          fi
+          if [ -n "${{ inputs.op_alloy_branch }}" ]; then
+            ARGS="$ARGS --op ${{ inputs.op_alloy_branch }}"
+          fi
+          
+          if [ -z "$ARGS" ]; then
+            echo "No branches specified, nothing to patch"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          
+          ./scripts/patch-alloy.sh $ARGS
+          
+          echo "=== Final patch section ==="
+          tail -50 Cargo.toml
+
+      - name: Check workspace
+        run: cargo clippy --workspace --lib --examples --tests --benches --all-features --locked
+        env:
+          RUSTFLAGS: -D warnings

.github/workflows/compact.yml

@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@ jobs:
       matrix:
         bin:
           - cargo run --bin reth --features "dev"
-          - cargo run --bin op-reth --features "dev" --manifest-path crates/optimism/bin/Cargo.toml
     steps:
       - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
       - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable

.github/workflows/dependencies.yml

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ permissions:
 
 jobs:
   update:
+    if: github.repository == 'paradigmxyz/reth'
     uses: tempoxyz/ci/.github/workflows/cargo-update-pr.yml@main
     secrets:
       token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}

.github/workflows/docker-git.yml

@@ -1,54 +0,0 @@
-# Publishes the Docker image, only to be used with `workflow_dispatch`. The
-# images from this workflow will be tagged with the git sha of the branch used
-# and will NOT tag it as `latest`.
-
-name: docker-git
-
-on:
-  workflow_dispatch: {}
-
-env:
-  REPO_NAME: ${{ github.repository_owner }}/reth
-  IMAGE_NAME: ${{ github.repository_owner }}/reth
-  OP_IMAGE_NAME: ${{ github.repository_owner }}/op-reth
-  CARGO_TERM_COLOR: always
-  DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME: ghcr.io/${{ github.repository_owner }}/reth
-  OP_DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME: ghcr.io/${{ github.repository_owner }}/op-reth
-  DOCKER_USERNAME: ${{ github.actor }}
-  GIT_SHA: ${{ github.sha }}
-
-jobs:
-  build:
-    name: build and push
-    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
-    permissions:
-      packages: write
-      contents: read
-    strategy:
-      fail-fast: false
-      matrix:
-        build:
-          - name: 'Build and push the git-sha-tagged reth image'
-            command: 'make PROFILE=maxperf GIT_SHA=$GIT_SHA docker-build-push-git-sha'
-          - name: 'Build and push the git-sha-tagged op-reth image'
-            command: 'make IMAGE_NAME=$OP_IMAGE_NAME DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME=$OP_DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME GIT_SHA=$GIT_SHA PROFILE=maxperf op-docker-build-push-git-sha'
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
-      - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
-      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
-      - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
-        with:
-          cache-on-failure: true
-      - name: Install cross main
-        id: cross_main
-        run: |
-          cargo install cross --git https://github.com/cross-rs/cross
-      - name: Log in to Docker
-        run: |
-          echo "${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}" | docker login ghcr.io --username ${DOCKER_USERNAME} --password-stdin
-      - name: Set up Docker builder
-        run: |
-          docker run --privileged --rm tonistiigi/binfmt --install arm64,amd64
-          docker buildx create --use --name cross-builder
-      - name: Build and push ${{ matrix.build.name }}
-        run: ${{ matrix.build.command }}

.github/workflows/docker-nightly.yml

@@ -1,65 +0,0 @@
-# Publishes the nightly Docker image.
-
-name: docker-nightly
-
-on:
-  workflow_dispatch:
-  schedule:
-    - cron: "0 1 * * *"
-env:
-  REPO_NAME: ${{ github.repository_owner }}/reth
-  IMAGE_NAME: ${{ github.repository_owner }}/reth
-  OP_IMAGE_NAME: ${{ github.repository_owner }}/op-reth
-  CARGO_TERM_COLOR: always
-  DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME: ghcr.io/${{ github.repository_owner }}/reth
-  OP_DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME: ghcr.io/${{ github.repository_owner }}/op-reth
-  DOCKER_USERNAME: ${{ github.actor }}
-
-jobs:
-  build:
-    name: build and push
-    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
-    permissions:
-      packages: write
-      contents: read
-    strategy:
-      fail-fast: false
-      matrix:
-        build:
-          - name: 'Build and push the nightly reth image'
-            command: 'make PROFILE=maxperf docker-build-push-nightly'
-          - name: 'Build and push the nightly edge profiling reth image'
-            command: 'make PROFILE=profiling docker-build-push-nightly-edge-profiling'
-          - name: 'Build and push the nightly profiling reth image'
-            command: 'make PROFILE=profiling docker-build-push-nightly-profiling'
-          - name: 'Build and push the nightly op-reth image'
-            command: 'make IMAGE_NAME=$OP_IMAGE_NAME DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME=$OP_DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME PROFILE=maxperf op-docker-build-push-nightly'
-          - name: 'Build and push the nightly edge profiling op-reth image'
-            command: 'make IMAGE_NAME=$OP_IMAGE_NAME DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME=$OP_DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME PROFILE=profiling op-docker-build-push-nightly-edge-profiling'
-          - name: 'Build and push the nightly profiling op-reth image'
-            command: 'make IMAGE_NAME=$OP_IMAGE_NAME DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME=$OP_DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME PROFILE=profiling op-docker-build-push-nightly-profiling'
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
-      - name: Remove bloatware
-        uses: laverdet/remove-bloatware@v1.0.0
-        with:
-          docker: true
-          lang: rust
-      - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
-      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
-      - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
-        with:
-          cache-on-failure: true
-      - name: Install cross main
-        id: cross_main
-        run: |
-          cargo install cross --git https://github.com/cross-rs/cross
-      - name: Log in to Docker
-        run: |
-          echo "${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}" | docker login ghcr.io --username ${DOCKER_USERNAME} --password-stdin
-      - name: Set up Docker builder
-        run: |
-          docker run --privileged --rm tonistiigi/binfmt --install arm64,amd64
-          docker buildx create --use --name cross-builder
-      - name: Build and push ${{ matrix.build.name }}
-        run: ${{ matrix.build.command }}

.github/workflows/docker-tag-latest.yml

@@ -14,12 +14,6 @@ on:
         required: false
         type: boolean
         default: true
-      tag_op_reth:
-        description: 'Tag op-reth image as latest'
-        required: false
-        type: boolean
-        default: false
-
 env:
   DOCKER_USERNAME: ${{ github.actor }}
 
@@ -47,27 +41,3 @@ jobs:
       - name: Push reth latest tag
         run: |
           docker push ghcr.io/${{ github.repository_owner }}/reth:latest
-
-  tag-op-reth-latest:
-    name: Tag op-reth as latest
-    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
-    if: ${{ inputs.tag_op_reth }}
-    permissions:
-      packages: write
-      contents: read
-    steps:
-      - name: Log in to Docker
-        run: |
-          echo "${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}" | docker login ghcr.io --username ${DOCKER_USERNAME} --password-stdin
-
-      - name: Pull op-reth release image
-        run: |
-          docker pull ghcr.io/${{ github.repository_owner }}/op-reth:${{ inputs.version }}
-
-      - name: Tag op-reth as latest
-        run: |
-          docker tag ghcr.io/${{ github.repository_owner }}/op-reth:${{ inputs.version }} ghcr.io/${{ github.repository_owner }}/op-reth:latest
-
-      - name: Push op-reth latest tag
-        run: |
-          docker push ghcr.io/${{ github.repository_owner }}/op-reth:latest

.github/workflows/docker-test.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+name: Build test Docker image
+
+on:
+  workflow_call:
+    inputs:
+      hive_target:
+        required: true
+        type: string
+        description: "Docker bake target to build (e.g. hive-stable, hive-edge)"
+      artifact_name:
+        required: false
+        type: string
+        default: "artifacts"
+        description: "Name for the uploaded artifact"
+
+jobs:
+  build:
+    if: github.repository == 'paradigmxyz/reth'
+    timeout-minutes: 45
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      id-token: write
+      contents: read
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - run: mkdir -p artifacts
+
+      - name: Get git info
+        id: git
+        run: |
+          echo "sha=${{ github.sha }}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          echo "describe=$(git describe --always --tags)" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+
+      - name: Set up Depot CLI
+        uses: depot/setup-action@v1
+
+      - name: Build reth image
+        uses: depot/bake-action@v1
+        env:
+          DEPOT_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.DEPOT_TOKEN }}
+          VERGEN_GIT_SHA: ${{ steps.git.outputs.sha }}
+          VERGEN_GIT_DESCRIBE: ${{ steps.git.outputs.describe }}
+        with:
+          project: ${{ vars.DEPOT_PROJECT_ID }}
+          files: docker-bake.hcl
+          targets: ${{ inputs.hive_target }}
+          push: false
+
+      - name: Upload reth image
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
+        with:
+          name: ${{ inputs.artifact_name }}
+          path: ./artifacts

.github/workflows/docker.yml

@@ -1,4 +1,9 @@
-# Publishes the Docker image.
+# Publishes Docker images.
+#
+# Triggers:
+#   - Push tag v*: builds release (RC or latest)
+#   - Schedule: builds nightly + profiling
+#   - Manual: builds git-sha or nightly
 
 name: docker
 
@@ -6,84 +11,112 @@ on:
   push:
     tags:
       - v*
-
-env:
-  IMAGE_NAME: ${{ github.repository_owner }}/reth
-  OP_IMAGE_NAME: ${{ github.repository_owner }}/op-reth
-  CARGO_TERM_COLOR: always
-  DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME: ghcr.io/${{ github.repository_owner }}/reth
-  OP_DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME: ghcr.io/${{ github.repository_owner }}/op-reth
-  DOCKER_USERNAME: ${{ github.actor }}
+  schedule:
+    - cron: "0 1 * * *"
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      build_type:
+        description: "Build type"
+        required: true
+        type: choice
+        options:
+          - git-sha
+          - nightly
+        default: git-sha
+      dry_run:
+        description: "Skip pushing images (dry run)"
+        required: false
+        type: boolean
+        default: false
 
 jobs:
-  build-rc:
-    if: contains(github.ref, '-rc')
-    name: build and push as release candidate
-    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
-    permissions:
-      packages: write
-      contents: read
-    strategy:
-      fail-fast: false
-      matrix:
-        build:
-          - name: "Build and push reth image"
-            command: "make IMAGE_NAME=$IMAGE_NAME DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME=$DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME PROFILE=maxperf docker-build-push"
-          - name: "Build and push op-reth image"
-            command: "make IMAGE_NAME=$OP_IMAGE_NAME DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME=$OP_DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME PROFILE=maxperf op-docker-build-push"
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
-      - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
-      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
-      - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
-        with:
-          cache-on-failure: true
-      - name: Install cross main
-        id: cross_main
-        run: |
-          cargo install cross --git https://github.com/cross-rs/cross
-      - name: Log in to Docker
-        run: |
-          echo "${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}" | docker login ghcr.io --username ${DOCKER_USERNAME} --password-stdin
-      - name: Set up Docker builder
-        run: |
-          docker run --privileged --rm tonistiigi/binfmt --install arm64,amd64
-          docker buildx create --use --name cross-builder
-      - name: Build and push ${{ matrix.build.name }}
-        run: ${{ matrix.build.command }}
-
   build:
-    if: ${{ !contains(github.ref, '-rc') }}
-    name: build and push as latest
+    if: github.repository == 'paradigmxyz/reth'
+    name: Build Docker images
     runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
     permissions:
       packages: write
       contents: read
-    strategy:
-      fail-fast: false
-      matrix:
-        build:
-          - name: "Build and push reth image"
-            command: "make IMAGE_NAME=$IMAGE_NAME DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME=$DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME PROFILE=maxperf docker-build-push-latest"
-          - name: "Build and push op-reth image"
-            command: "make IMAGE_NAME=$OP_IMAGE_NAME DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME=$OP_DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME PROFILE=maxperf op-docker-build-push-latest"
+      id-token: write
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v6
-      - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
-      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
-      - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
+
+      - name: Set up Depot CLI
+        uses: depot/setup-action@v1
+
+      - name: Log in to GHCR
+        uses: docker/login-action@v3
         with:
-          cache-on-failure: true
-      - name: Install cross main
-        id: cross_main
+          registry: ghcr.io
+          username: ${{ github.actor }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+
+      - name: Get git info for vergen
+        id: git
         run: |
-          cargo install cross --git https://github.com/cross-rs/cross
-      - name: Log in to Docker
+          echo "sha=${{ github.sha }}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          echo "describe=$(git describe --always --tags)" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          echo "dirty=false" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+
+      - name: Determine build parameters
+        id: params
         run: |
-          echo "${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}" | docker login ghcr.io --username ${DOCKER_USERNAME} --password-stdin
-      - name: Set up Docker builder
+          REGISTRY="ghcr.io/${{ github.repository_owner }}"
+
+          if [[ "${{ github.event_name }}" == "push" ]]; then
+            VERSION="${GITHUB_REF#refs/tags/}"
+            echo "targets=ethereum" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+
+            # Add 'latest' tag for non-RC releases
+            if [[ ! "$VERSION" =~ -rc ]]; then
+              echo "ethereum_tags=${REGISTRY}/reth:${VERSION},${REGISTRY}/reth:latest" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+            else
+              echo "ethereum_tags=${REGISTRY}/reth:${VERSION}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+            fi
+
+          elif [[ "${{ github.event_name }}" == "schedule" ]] || [[ "${{ inputs.build_type }}" == "nightly" ]]; then
+            echo "targets=nightly" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+            echo "ethereum_tags=${REGISTRY}/reth:nightly" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+
+          else
+            # git-sha build
+            echo "targets=ethereum" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+            echo "ethereum_tags=${REGISTRY}/reth:${{ github.sha }}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          fi
+
+      - name: Build and push images
+        uses: depot/bake-action@v1
+        env:
+          VERGEN_GIT_SHA: ${{ steps.git.outputs.sha }}
+          VERGEN_GIT_DESCRIBE: ${{ steps.git.outputs.describe }}
+          VERGEN_GIT_DIRTY: ${{ steps.git.outputs.dirty }}
+          DEPOT_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.DEPOT_TOKEN }}
+        with:
+          project: ${{ vars.DEPOT_PROJECT_ID }}
+          files: docker-bake.hcl
+          targets: ${{ steps.params.outputs.targets }}
+          push: ${{ !(github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && inputs.dry_run) }}
+          set: |
+            ethereum.tags=${{ steps.params.outputs.ethereum_tags }}
+
+      - name: Verify image architectures
+        env:
+          DRY_RUN: ${{ github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && inputs.dry_run }}
         run: |
-          docker run --privileged --rm tonistiigi/binfmt --install arm64,amd64
-          docker buildx create --use --name cross-builder
-      - name: Build and push ${{ matrix.build.name }}
-        run: ${{ matrix.build.command }}
+          ./.github/scripts/verify_image_arch.sh \
+            "${{ steps.params.outputs.targets }}" \
+            "ghcr.io/${{ github.repository_owner }}" \
+            "${{ steps.params.outputs.ethereum_tags }}"
+
+  notify:
+    name: Notify on failure
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: build
+    if: failure() && github.event_name == 'schedule'
+    steps:
+      - name: Slack Webhook Action
+        uses: rtCamp/action-slack-notify@v2
+        env:
+          SLACK_COLOR: ${{ job.status }}
+          SLACK_MESSAGE: "Failed run: https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}"
+          SLACK_WEBHOOK: ${{ secrets.SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL }}

.github/workflows/e2e.yml

@@ -35,12 +35,34 @@ jobs:
       - name: Run e2e tests
         run: |
           cargo nextest run \
+            --no-fail-fast \
             --locked --features "asm-keccak" \
             --workspace \
             --exclude 'example-*' \
             --exclude 'exex-subscription' \
             --exclude 'reth-bench' \
             --exclude 'ef-tests' \
-            --exclude 'op-reth' \
             --exclude 'reth' \
             -E 'binary(e2e_testsuite)'
+
+  rocksdb:
+    name: e2e-rocksdb
+    runs-on: depot-ubuntu-latest-4
+    env:
+      RUST_BACKTRACE: 1
+    timeout-minutes: 60
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
+      - uses: mozilla-actions/sccache-action@v0.0.9
+      - uses: taiki-e/install-action@nextest
+      - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
+        with:
+          cache-on-failure: true
+      - name: Run RocksDB e2e tests
+        run: |
+          cargo nextest run \
+            --no-fail-fast \
+            --locked --features "edge" \
+            -p reth-e2e-test-utils \
+            -E 'binary(rocksdb)'

.github/workflows/hive.yml

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ name: hive
 on:
   workflow_dispatch:
   schedule:
-    - cron: "0 */6 * * *"
+    - cron: "0 0 * * *"
 
 env:
   CARGO_TERM_COLOR: always
@@ -15,27 +15,24 @@ concurrency:
   cancel-in-progress: true
 
 jobs:
-  prepare-reth-stable:
-    uses: ./.github/workflows/prepare-reth.yml
+  build-reth-stable:
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/docker-test.yml
     with:
-      image_tag: ghcr.io/paradigmxyz/reth:latest
-      binary_name: reth
-      cargo_features: "asm-keccak"
+      hive_target: hive-stable
       artifact_name: "reth-stable"
+    secrets: inherit
 
-  prepare-reth-edge:
-    uses: ./.github/workflows/prepare-reth.yml
+  build-reth-edge:
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/docker-test.yml
     with:
-      image_tag: ghcr.io/paradigmxyz/reth:latest
-      binary_name: reth
-      cargo_features: "asm-keccak edge"
+      hive_target: hive-edge
       artifact_name: "reth-edge"
+    secrets: inherit
 
   prepare-hive:
     if: github.repository == 'paradigmxyz/reth'
     timeout-minutes: 45
-    runs-on:
-      group: Reth
+    runs-on: depot-ubuntu-latest-4
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v6
       - name: Checkout hive tests
@@ -58,11 +55,11 @@ jobs:
         uses: actions/cache@v5
         with:
           path: ./hive_assets
-          key: hive-assets-${{ steps.hive-commit.outputs.hash }}-${{ hashFiles('.github/assets/hive/build_simulators.sh') }}
+          key: hive-assets-${{ steps.hive-commit.outputs.hash }}-${{ hashFiles('.github/scripts/hive/build_simulators.sh') }}
 
       - name: Build hive assets
         if: steps.cache-hive.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
-        run: .github/assets/hive/build_simulators.sh
+        run: .github/scripts/hive/build_simulators.sh
 
       - name: Load cached Docker images
         if: steps.cache-hive.outputs.cache-hit == 'true'
@@ -187,12 +184,11 @@ jobs:
           - sim: ethereum/eels/consume-rlp
             limit: .*tests/paris.*
     needs:
-      - prepare-reth-stable
-      - prepare-reth-edge
+      - build-reth-stable
+      - build-reth-edge
       - prepare-hive
     name: ${{ matrix.storage }} / ${{ matrix.scenario.sim }}${{ matrix.scenario.limit && format(' - {0}', matrix.scenario.limit) }}
-    runs-on:
-      group: Reth
+    runs-on: depot-ubuntu-latest-4
     permissions:
       issues: write
     steps:
@@ -213,7 +209,7 @@ jobs:
           path: /tmp
 
       - name: Load Docker images
-        run: .github/assets/hive/load_images.sh
+        run: .github/scripts/hive/load_images.sh
 
       - name: Move hive binary
         run: |
@@ -241,11 +237,11 @@ jobs:
             FILTER="/"
           fi
           echo "filter: $FILTER"
-          .github/assets/hive/run_simulator.sh "${{ matrix.scenario.sim }}" "$FILTER"
+          .github/scripts/hive/run_simulator.sh "${{ matrix.scenario.sim }}" "$FILTER"
 
       - name: Parse hive output
         run: |
-          find hivetests/workspace/logs -type f -name "*.json" ! -name "hive.json" | xargs -I {} python .github/assets/hive/parse.py {} --exclusion .github/assets/hive/expected_failures.yaml --ignored .github/assets/hive/ignored_tests.yaml
+          find hivetests/workspace/logs -type f -name "*.json" ! -name "hive.json" | xargs -I {} python .github/scripts/hive/parse.py {} --exclusion .github/scripts/hive/expected_failures.yaml --ignored .github/scripts/hive/ignored_tests.yaml
 
       - name: Print simulator output
         if: ${{ failure() }}
@@ -266,4 +262,4 @@ jobs:
         env:
           SLACK_COLOR: ${{ job.status }}
           SLACK_MESSAGE: "Failed run: https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}"
-          SLACK_WEBHOOK: ${{ secrets.SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL }}
+          SLACK_WEBHOOK: ${{ secrets.SLACK_HIVE_WEBHOOK_URL }}

.github/workflows/integration.yml

@@ -22,38 +22,34 @@ concurrency:
 
 jobs:
   test:
-    name: test / ${{ matrix.network }}
+    name: test / ${{ matrix.network }} / ${{ matrix.storage }}
     if: github.event_name != 'schedule'
     runs-on: depot-ubuntu-latest-4
     env:
       RUST_BACKTRACE: 1
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        network: ["ethereum", "optimism"]
+        network: ["ethereum"]
+        storage: ["stable", "edge"]
     timeout-minutes: 60
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v6
       - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
       - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
       - name: Install Geth
-        run: .github/assets/install_geth.sh
+        run: .github/scripts/install_geth.sh
       - uses: taiki-e/install-action@nextest
       - uses: mozilla-actions/sccache-action@v0.0.9
       - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
         with:
           cache-on-failure: true
-      - if: matrix.network == 'ethereum'
-        name: Run tests
+      - name: Run tests
         run: |
           cargo nextest run \
-            --locked --features "asm-keccak ${{ matrix.network }}" \
+            --no-fail-fast \
+            --locked --features "asm-keccak ${{ matrix.network }} ${{ matrix.storage == 'edge' && 'edge' || '' }}" \
             --workspace --exclude ef-tests \
             -E "kind(test) and not binary(e2e_testsuite)"
-      - if: matrix.network == 'optimism'
-        name: Run tests
-        run: |
-          cargo nextest run \
-            --locked -p reth-optimism-node
 
   integration-success:
     name: integration success
@@ -69,7 +65,7 @@ jobs:
 
   era-files:
     name: era1 file integration tests once a day
-    if: github.event_name == 'schedule'
+    if: github.event_name == 'schedule' && github.repository == 'paradigmxyz/reth'
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v6
@@ -81,4 +77,4 @@ jobs:
         with:
           cache-on-failure: true
       - name: run era1 files integration tests
-        run: cargo nextest run --release --package reth-era --test it -- --ignored
+        run: cargo nextest run --no-fail-fast --release --package reth-era --test it -- --ignored

.github/workflows/kurtosis-op.yml

@@ -1,95 +0,0 @@
-# Runs simple OP stack setup in Kurtosis
-
-name: kurtosis-op
-
-on:
-  workflow_dispatch:
-  schedule:
-    - cron: "0 */6 * * *"
-
-  push:
-    tags:
-      - "*"
-
-env:
-  CARGO_TERM_COLOR: always
-
-concurrency:
-  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.head_ref || github.run_id }}
-  cancel-in-progress: true
-
-jobs:
-  prepare-reth:
-    uses: ./.github/workflows/prepare-reth.yml
-    with:
-      image_tag: ghcr.io/paradigmxyz/op-reth:kurtosis-ci
-      binary_name: op-reth
-      cargo_features: asm-keccak
-      cargo_package: crates/optimism/bin/Cargo.toml
-
-  test:
-    timeout-minutes: 60
-    strategy:
-      fail-fast: false
-    name: run kurtosis
-    runs-on: depot-ubuntu-latest
-    needs:
-      - prepare-reth
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
-        with:
-          fetch-depth: 0
-
-      - name: Download reth image
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@v7
-        with:
-          name: artifacts
-          path: /tmp
-
-      - name: Load Docker image
-        run: |
-          docker load -i /tmp/reth_image.tar &
-          wait
-          docker image ls -a
-
-      - name: Install Foundry
-        uses: foundry-rs/foundry-toolchain@v1
-
-      - name: Run kurtosis
-        run: |
-          echo "deb [trusted=yes] https://apt.fury.io/kurtosis-tech/ /" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kurtosis.list
-          sudo apt update
-          sudo apt install kurtosis-cli
-          kurtosis engine start
-          kurtosis run --enclave op-devnet github.com/ethpandaops/optimism-package --args-file .github/assets/kurtosis_op_network_params.yaml
-          ENCLAVE_ID=$(curl http://127.0.0.1:9779/api/enclaves | jq --raw-output 'keys[0]')
-          GETH_PORT=$(curl "http://127.0.0.1:9779/api/enclaves/$ENCLAVE_ID/services" | jq '."op-el-2151908-node0-op-geth".public_ports.rpc.number')
-          RETH_PORT=$(curl "http://127.0.0.1:9779/api/enclaves/$ENCLAVE_ID/services" | jq '."op-el-2151908-node1-op-reth".public_ports.rpc.number')
-          echo "GETH_RPC=http://127.0.0.1:$GETH_PORT" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-          echo "RETH_RPC=http://127.0.0.1:$RETH_PORT" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-
-      - name: Assert that clients advance
-        run: |
-          for i in {1..100}; do
-            sleep 5
-            BLOCK_GETH=$(cast bn --rpc-url $GETH_RPC)
-            BLOCK_RETH=$(cast bn --rpc-url $RETH_RPC)
-
-            if [ $BLOCK_GETH -ge 100 ] && [ $BLOCK_RETH -ge 100 ] ; then exit 0; fi
-            echo "Waiting for clients to advance..., Reth: $BLOCK_RETH Geth: $BLOCK_GETH"
-          done
-          kurtosis service logs -a op-devnet op-el-2151908-2-op-reth-op-node-op-kurtosis
-          kurtosis service logs -a op-devnet op-cl-2151908-2-op-node-op-reth-op-kurtosis
-          exit 1
-
-  notify-on-error:
-    needs: test
-    if: failure()
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - name: Slack Webhook Action
-        uses: rtCamp/action-slack-notify@v2
-        env:
-          SLACK_COLOR: ${{ job.status }}
-          SLACK_MESSAGE: "Failed run: https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}"
-          SLACK_WEBHOOK: ${{ secrets.SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL }}

.github/workflows/kurtosis.yml

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ name: kurtosis
 on:
   workflow_dispatch:
   schedule:
-    - cron: "0 */6 * * *"
+    - cron: "0 0 * * *"
 
   push:
     tags:
@@ -19,11 +19,12 @@ concurrency:
   cancel-in-progress: true
 
 jobs:
-  prepare-reth:
-    uses: ./.github/workflows/prepare-reth.yml
+  build-reth:
+    if: github.repository == 'paradigmxyz/reth'
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/docker-test.yml
     with:
-      image_tag: ghcr.io/paradigmxyz/reth:kurtosis-ci
-      binary_name: reth
+      hive_target: kurtosis
+    secrets: inherit
 
   test:
     timeout-minutes: 60
@@ -32,7 +33,7 @@ jobs:
     name: run kurtosis
     runs-on: depot-ubuntu-latest
     needs:
-      - prepare-reth
+      - build-reth
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v6
         with:
@@ -65,4 +66,4 @@ jobs:
         env:
           SLACK_COLOR: ${{ job.status }}
           SLACK_MESSAGE: "Failed run: https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}"
-          SLACK_WEBHOOK: ${{ secrets.SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL }}
+          SLACK_WEBHOOK: ${{ secrets.SLACK_HIVE_WEBHOOK_URL }}

.github/workflows/label-pr.yml

@@ -19,5 +19,5 @@ jobs:
         uses: actions/github-script@v8
         with:
           script: |
-            const label_pr = require('./.github/assets/label_pr.js')
+            const label_pr = require('./.github/scripts/label_pr.js')
             await label_pr({github, context})

.github/workflows/lint.yml

@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Run Wasm checks
         run: |
           sudo apt update && sudo apt install gcc-multilib
-          .github/assets/check_wasm.sh
+          .github/scripts/check_wasm.sh
 
   riscv:
     runs-on: depot-ubuntu-latest
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ jobs:
           cache-on-failure: true
       - uses: dcarbone/install-jq-action@v3
       - name: Run RISC-V checks
-        run: .github/assets/check_rv32imac.sh
+        run: .github/scripts/check_rv32imac.sh
 
   crate-checks:
     name: crate-checks (${{ matrix.partition }}/${{ matrix.total_partitions }})
@@ -119,11 +119,6 @@ jobs:
     name: MSRV
     runs-on: depot-ubuntu-latest
     timeout-minutes: 30
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        include:
-          - binary: reth
-          - binary: op-reth
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v6
       - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
@@ -134,7 +129,7 @@ jobs:
       - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
         with:
           cache-on-failure: true
-      - run: cargo build --bin "${{ matrix.binary }}" --workspace
+      - run: cargo build --bin reth --workspace
         env:
           RUSTFLAGS: -D warnings
 
@@ -198,10 +193,9 @@ jobs:
         with:
           cache-on-failure: true
       - run: cargo build --bin reth --workspace
-      - run: cargo build --bin op-reth --workspace
         env:
           RUSTFLAGS: -D warnings
-      - run: ./docs/cli/update.sh target/debug/reth target/debug/op-reth
+      - run: ./docs/cli/update.sh target/debug/reth
       - name: Check docs changes
         run: git diff --exit-code
 

.github/workflows/prepare-reth.yml

@@ -1,61 +0,0 @@
-name: Prepare Reth Image
-
-on:
-  workflow_call:
-    inputs:
-      image_tag:
-        required: true
-        type: string
-        description: "Docker image tag to use"
-      binary_name:
-        required: false
-        type: string
-        default: "reth"
-        description: "Binary name to build (reth or op-reth)"
-      cargo_features:
-        required: false
-        type: string
-        default: "asm-keccak"
-        description: "Cargo features to enable"
-      cargo_package:
-        required: false
-        type: string
-        description: "Optional cargo package path"
-      artifact_name:
-        required: false
-        type: string
-        default: "artifacts"
-        description: "Name for the uploaded artifact"
-
-jobs:
-  prepare-reth:
-    if: github.repository == 'paradigmxyz/reth'
-    timeout-minutes: 45
-    runs-on: depot-ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
-      - run: mkdir artifacts
-
-      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
-        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
-
-      - name: Build and export reth image
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@v6
-        with:
-          context: .
-          file: .github/assets/hive/Dockerfile
-          tags: ${{ inputs.image_tag }}
-          outputs: type=docker,dest=./artifacts/reth_image.tar
-          build-args: |
-            CARGO_BIN=${{ inputs.binary_name }}
-            MANIFEST_PATH=${{ inputs.cargo_package }}
-            FEATURES=${{ inputs.cargo_features }}
-          cache-from: type=gha
-          cache-to: type=gha,mode=max
-
-      - name: Upload reth image
-        id: upload
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
-        with:
-          name: ${{ inputs.artifact_name }}
-          path: ./artifacts

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -17,11 +17,9 @@ on:
 env:
   REPO_NAME: ${{ github.repository_owner }}/reth
   IMAGE_NAME: ${{ github.repository_owner }}/reth
-  OP_IMAGE_NAME: ${{ github.repository_owner }}/op-reth
   REPRODUCIBLE_IMAGE_NAME: ${{ github.repository_owner }}/reth-reproducible
   CARGO_TERM_COLOR: always
   DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME_URL: https://ghcr.io/${{ github.repository_owner }}/reth
-  DOCKER_OP_IMAGE_NAME_URL: https://ghcr.io/${{ github.repository_owner }}/op-reth
   RUSTC_WRAPPER: "sccache"
 
 jobs:
@@ -87,10 +85,6 @@ jobs:
             os: macos-14
             profile: maxperf
             allow_fail: false
-          - target: x86_64-pc-windows-gnu
-            os: ubuntu-24.04
-            profile: maxperf
-            allow_fail: false
           - target: riscv64gc-unknown-linux-gnu
             os: ubuntu-24.04
             profile: maxperf
@@ -98,8 +92,6 @@ jobs:
         build:
           - command: build
             binary: reth
-          - command: op-build
-            binary: op-reth
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v6
       - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
@@ -126,8 +118,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Move binary
         run: |
           mkdir artifacts
-          [[ "${{ matrix.configs.target }}" == *windows* ]] && ext=".exe"
-          mv "target/${{ matrix.configs.target }}/${{ matrix.configs.profile }}/${{ matrix.build.binary }}${ext}" ./artifacts
+          mv "target/${{ matrix.configs.target }}/${{ matrix.configs.profile }}/${{ matrix.build.binary }}" ./artifacts
 
       - name: Configure GPG and create artifacts
         env:
@@ -244,21 +235,9 @@ jobs:
           |:---:|:---:|:---:|:---|
           | <img src="https://www.svgrepo.com/download/473700/linux.svg" width="50"/> | x86_64 | [reth-${{ env.VERSION }}-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.gz](https://github.com/${{ env.REPO_NAME }}/releases/download/${{ env.VERSION }}/reth-${{ env.VERSION }}-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.gz) | [PGP Signature](https://github.com/${{ env.REPO_NAME }}/releases/download/${{ env.VERSION }}/reth-${{ env.VERSION }}-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.gz.asc) |
           | <img src="https://www.svgrepo.com/download/473700/linux.svg" width="50"/> | aarch64 | [reth-${{ env.VERSION }}-aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.gz](https://github.com/${{ env.REPO_NAME }}/releases/download/${{ env.VERSION }}/reth-${{ env.VERSION }}-aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.gz) | [PGP Signature](https://github.com/${{ env.REPO_NAME }}/releases/download/${{ env.VERSION }}/reth-${{ env.VERSION }}-aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.gz.asc) |
-          | <img src="https://www.svgrepo.com/download/513083/windows-174.svg" width="50"/> | x86_64 | [reth-${{ env.VERSION }}-x86_64-pc-windows-gnu.tar.gz](https://github.com/${{ env.REPO_NAME }}/releases/download/${{ env.VERSION }}/reth-${{ env.VERSION }}-x86_64-pc-windows-gnu.tar.gz) | [PGP Signature](https://github.com/${{ env.REPO_NAME }}/releases/download/${{ env.VERSION }}/reth-${{ env.VERSION }}-x86_64-pc-windows-gnu.tar.gz.asc) |
           | <img src="https://www.svgrepo.com/download/511330/apple-173.svg" width="50"/> | x86_64 | [reth-${{ env.VERSION }}-x86_64-apple-darwin.tar.gz](https://github.com/${{ env.REPO_NAME }}/releases/download/${{ env.VERSION }}/reth-${{ env.VERSION }}-x86_64-apple-darwin.tar.gz) | [PGP Signature](https://github.com/${{ env.REPO_NAME }}/releases/download/${{ env.VERSION }}/reth-${{ env.VERSION }}-x86_64-apple-darwin.tar.gz.asc) |
           | <img src="https://www.svgrepo.com/download/511330/apple-173.svg" width="50"/> | aarch64 | [reth-${{ env.VERSION }}-aarch64-apple-darwin.tar.gz](https://github.com/${{ env.REPO_NAME }}/releases/download/${{ env.VERSION }}/reth-${{ env.VERSION }}-aarch64-apple-darwin.tar.gz) | [PGP Signature](https://github.com/${{ env.REPO_NAME }}/releases/download/${{ env.VERSION }}/reth-${{ env.VERSION }}-aarch64-apple-darwin.tar.gz.asc) |
           | <img src="https://www.svgrepo.com/download/473589/docker.svg" width="50"/> | Docker | [${{ env.IMAGE_NAME }}](${{ env.DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME_URL }}) | - |
-
-          ### OP-Reth
-
-          | System | Architecture | Binary | PGP Signature |
-          |:---:|:---:|:---:|:---|
-          | <img src="https://www.svgrepo.com/download/473700/linux.svg" width="50"/> | x86_64 | [op-reth-${{ env.VERSION }}-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.gz](https://github.com/${{ env.REPO_NAME }}/releases/download/${{ env.VERSION }}/op-reth-${{ env.VERSION }}-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.gz) | [PGP Signature](https://github.com/${{ env.REPO_NAME }}/releases/download/${{ env.VERSION }}/op-reth-${{ env.VERSION }}-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.gz.asc) |
-          | <img src="https://www.svgrepo.com/download/473700/linux.svg" width="50"/> | aarch64 | [op-reth-${{ env.VERSION }}-aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.gz](https://github.com/${{ env.REPO_NAME }}/releases/download/${{ env.VERSION }}/op-reth-${{ env.VERSION }}-aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.gz) | [PGP Signature](https://github.com/${{ env.REPO_NAME }}/releases/download/${{ env.VERSION }}/op-reth-${{ env.VERSION }}-aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.gz.asc) |
-          | <img src="https://www.svgrepo.com/download/513083/windows-174.svg" width="50"/> | x86_64 | [op-reth-${{ env.VERSION }}-x86_64-pc-windows-gnu.tar.gz](https://github.com/${{ env.REPO_NAME }}/releases/download/${{ env.VERSION }}/op-reth-${{ env.VERSION }}-x86_64-pc-windows-gnu.tar.gz) | [PGP Signature](https://github.com/${{ env.REPO_NAME }}/releases/download/${{ env.VERSION }}/op-reth-${{ env.VERSION }}-x86_64-pc-windows-gnu.tar.gz.asc) |
-          | <img src="https://www.svgrepo.com/download/511330/apple-173.svg" width="50"/> | x86_64 | [op-reth-${{ env.VERSION }}-x86_64-apple-darwin.tar.gz](https://github.com/${{ env.REPO_NAME }}/releases/download/${{ env.VERSION }}/op-reth-${{ env.VERSION }}-x86_64-apple-darwin.tar.gz) | [PGP Signature](https://github.com/${{ env.REPO_NAME }}/releases/download/${{ env.VERSION }}/op-reth-${{ env.VERSION }}-x86_64-apple-darwin.tar.gz.asc) |
-          | <img src="https://www.svgrepo.com/download/511330/apple-173.svg" width="50"/> | aarch64 | [op-reth-${{ env.VERSION }}-aarch64-apple-darwin.tar.gz](https://github.com/${{ env.REPO_NAME }}/releases/download/${{ env.VERSION }}/op-reth-${{ env.VERSION }}-aarch64-apple-darwin.tar.gz) | [PGP Signature](https://github.com/${{ env.REPO_NAME }}/releases/download/${{ env.VERSION }}/op-reth-${{ env.VERSION }}-aarch64-apple-darwin.tar.gz.asc) |
-          | <img src="https://www.svgrepo.com/download/473589/docker.svg" width="50"/> | Docker | [${{ env.OP_IMAGE_NAME }}](${{ env.DOCKER_OP_IMAGE_NAME_URL }}) | - |
           ENDBODY
           )
           assets=()

.github/workflows/reproducible-build.yml

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ on:
 
 jobs:
   build:
+    if: github.repository == 'paradigmxyz/reth'
     name: build reproducible binaries
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.runner }}
     strategy:

.github/workflows/stage.yml

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ jobs:
           cache-on-failure: true
       - name: Build reth
         run: |
-          cargo install --features asm-keccak,jemalloc --path bin/reth
+          cargo install --path bin/reth
       - name: Run headers stage
         run: |
           reth stage run headers --from ${{ env.FROM_BLOCK }} --to ${{ env.TO_BLOCK }} --commit --checkpoints

.github/workflows/stale.yml

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ on:
 
 jobs:
   close-issues:
+    if: github.repository == 'paradigmxyz/reth'
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     permissions:
       issues: write

.github/workflows/sync-era.yml

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ concurrency:
 
 jobs:
   sync:
+    if: github.repository == 'paradigmxyz/reth'
     name: sync (${{ matrix.chain.bin }})
     runs-on: depot-ubuntu-latest
     env:
@@ -32,12 +33,6 @@ jobs:
             tip: "0x91c90676cab257a59cd956d7cb0bceb9b1a71d79755c23c7277a0697ccfaf8c4"
             block: 100000
             unwind-target: "0x52e0509d33a988ef807058e2980099ee3070187f7333aae12b64d4d675f34c5a"
-          - build: install-op
-            bin: op-reth
-            chain: base
-            tip: "0xbb9b85352c7ebca6ba8efc63bd66cecd038c92ec8ebd02e153a3e0b197e672b7"
-            block: 10000
-            unwind-target: "0x118a6e922a8c6cab221fc5adfe5056d2b72d58c6580e9c5629de55299e2cf8de"
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v6
       - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1

.github/workflows/sync.yml

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ concurrency:
 
 jobs:
   sync:
+    if: github.repository == 'paradigmxyz/reth'
     name: sync (${{ matrix.chain.bin }})
     runs-on: depot-ubuntu-latest
     env:
@@ -32,12 +33,6 @@ jobs:
             tip: "0x91c90676cab257a59cd956d7cb0bceb9b1a71d79755c23c7277a0697ccfaf8c4"
             block: 100000
             unwind-target: "0x52e0509d33a988ef807058e2980099ee3070187f7333aae12b64d4d675f34c5a"
-          - build: install-op
-            bin: op-reth
-            chain: base
-            tip: "0xbb9b85352c7ebca6ba8efc63bd66cecd038c92ec8ebd02e153a3e0b197e672b7"
-            block: 10000
-            unwind-target: "0x118a6e922a8c6cab221fc5adfe5056d2b72d58c6580e9c5629de55299e2cf8de"
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v6
       - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1

.github/workflows/unit.yml

@@ -26,15 +26,12 @@ jobs:
       EDGE_FEATURES: ${{ matrix.storage == 'edge' && 'edge' || '' }}
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        type: [ethereum, optimism]
+        type: [ethereum]
         storage: [stable, edge]
         include:
           - type: ethereum
             features: asm-keccak ethereum
             exclude_args: ""
-          - type: optimism
-            features: asm-keccak
-            exclude_args: --exclude reth --exclude reth-bench --exclude "example-*" --exclude "reth-ethereum-*" --exclude "*-ethereum"
     timeout-minutes: 30
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v6
@@ -52,6 +49,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Run tests
         run: |
           cargo nextest run \
+            --no-fail-fast \
             --features "${{ matrix.features }} $EDGE_FEATURES" --locked \
             ${{ matrix.exclude_args }} --workspace \
             --exclude ef-tests --no-tests=warn \
@@ -90,7 +88,7 @@ jobs:
       - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
         with:
           cache-on-failure: true
-      - run: cargo nextest run --release -p ef-tests --features "asm-keccak ef-tests"
+      - run: cargo nextest run --no-fail-fast --cargo-profile hivetests -p ef-tests --features "asm-keccak ef-tests"
 
   doc:
     name: doc tests

.github/workflows/update-superchain.yml

@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-name: Update Superchain Config
-
-on:
-  schedule:
-    - cron: '0 3 * * 0'
-  workflow_dispatch:
-
-permissions:
-  contents: write
-
-jobs:
-  update-superchain:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
-
-      - name: Install required tools
-        run: |
-          sudo apt-get update
-          sudo apt-get install -y jq zstd qpdf yq
-
-      - name: Run fetch_superchain_config.sh
-        run: |
-          chmod +x crates/optimism/chainspec/res/fetch_superchain_config.sh
-          cd crates/optimism/chainspec/res
-          ./fetch_superchain_config.sh
-
-      - name: Create Pull Request
-        uses: peter-evans/create-pull-request@v8
-        with:
-          commit-message: "chore: update superchain config"
-          title: "chore: update superchain config"
-          body: "This PR updates the superchain configs via scheduled workflow."
-          branch: "ci/update-superchain-config"
-          delete-branch: true

.github/workflows/windows.yml

@@ -1,54 +0,0 @@
-# Windows build
-
-name: windows
-
-on:
-  push:
-    branches: [main]
-  pull_request:
-    branches: [main]
-  merge_group:
-
-env:
-  RUSTC_WRAPPER: "sccache"
-
-jobs:
-  check-reth:
-    runs-on: depot-ubuntu-latest
-    timeout-minutes: 60
-
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
-      - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
-      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
-        with:
-          target: x86_64-pc-windows-gnu
-      - uses: taiki-e/install-action@cross
-      - uses: mozilla-actions/sccache-action@v0.0.9
-      - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
-        with:
-          cache-on-failure: true
-      - name: mingw-w64
-        run: sudo apt-get install -y mingw-w64
-      - name: Check Reth
-        run: cargo check --target x86_64-pc-windows-gnu
-
-  check-op-reth:
-    runs-on: depot-ubuntu-latest
-    timeout-minutes: 60
-
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
-      - uses: rui314/setup-mold@v1
-      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
-        with:
-          target: x86_64-pc-windows-gnu
-      - uses: taiki-e/install-action@cross
-      - uses: mozilla-actions/sccache-action@v0.0.9
-      - uses: Swatinem/rust-cache@v2
-        with:
-          cache-on-failure: true
-      - name: mingw-w64
-        run: sudo apt-get install -y mingw-w64
-      - name: Check OP-Reth
-        run: cargo check -p op-reth --target x86_64-pc-windows-gnu

CLAUDE.md

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ Reth is a high-performance Ethereum execution client written in Rust, focusing o
 
 - **Modularity**: Each crate can be used as a standalone library
 - **Performance**: Extensive use of parallelism, memory-mapped I/O, and optimized data structures
-- **Extensibility**: Traits and generic types allow for different implementations (Ethereum, Optimism, etc.)
+- **Extensibility**: Traits and generic types allow for different chain implementations
 - **Type Safety**: Strong typing throughout with minimal use of dynamic dispatch
 
 ## Development Workflow
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ Reth is a high-performance Ethereum execution client written in Rust, focusing o
 
 2. **Linting**: Run clippy with all features
    ```bash
-   RUSTFLAGS="-D warnings" cargo +nightly clippy --workspace --lib --examples --tests --benches --all-features --locked
+   cargo +nightly clippy --workspace --lib --examples --tests --benches --all-features 
    ```
 
 3. **Testing**: Use nextest for faster test execution
@@ -169,18 +169,16 @@ Based on PR patterns, avoid:
 Before submitting changes, ensure:
 
 1. **Format Check**: `cargo +nightly fmt --all --check`
-2. **Clippy**: No warnings with `RUSTFLAGS="-D warnings"`
+2. **Clippy**: No warnings
 3. **Tests Pass**: All unit and integration tests
 4. **Documentation**: Update relevant docs and add doc comments with `cargo docs --document-private-items`
 5. **Commit Messages**: Follow conventional format (feat:, fix:, chore:, etc.)
 
-
 ### Opening PRs against <https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth>
 
 Label PRs appropriately, first check the available labels and then apply the relevant ones:
 * when changes are RPC related, add A-rpc label
 * when changes are docs related, add C-docs label
-* when changes are optimism related (e.g. new feature or exclusive changes to crates/optimism), add A-op-reth label
 * ... and so on, check the available labels for more options.
 * if being tasked to open a pr, ensure that all changes are properly formatted: `cargo +nightly fmt --all`
 
@@ -234,7 +232,7 @@ Tests often need expansion for:
 Common refactoring pattern:
 - Replace concrete types with generics
 - Add trait bounds for flexibility
-- Enable reuse across different chain types (Ethereum, Optimism)
+- Enable reuse across different chain types
 
 #### When to Comment
 
@@ -349,11 +347,11 @@ Let's say you want to fix a bug where external IP resolution fails on startup:
    }
    ```
 
-5. **Run checks**:
+5. **Run checks** (IMPORTANT!):
    ```bash
    cargo +nightly fmt --all
-   cargo clippy --all-features
-   cargo test -p reth-discv4
+   cargo clippy --workspace --all-features # Make sure WHOLE WORKSPACE compiles!
+   cargo nextest run -p reth-discv4
    ```
 
 6. **Commit with clear message**:
@@ -374,7 +372,7 @@ Let's say you want to fix a bug where external IP resolution fails on startup:
 cargo +nightly fmt --all
 
 # Run lints
-RUSTFLAGS="-D warnings" cargo +nightly clippy --workspace --all-features --locked
+cargo +nightly clippy --workspace --all-features
 
 # Run tests
 cargo nextest run --workspace
@@ -383,7 +381,7 @@ cargo nextest run --workspace
 cargo bench --bench bench_name
 
 # Build optimized binary
-cargo build --release --features "jemalloc asm-keccak"
+cargo build --release
 
 # Check compilation for all features
 cargo check --workspace --all-features

Cargo.toml

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 [workspace.package]
-version = "1.10.1"
+version = "1.10.2"
 edition = "2024"
 rust-version = "1.88"
 license = "MIT OR Apache-2.0"
@@ -72,20 +72,6 @@ members = [
     "crates/node/events/",
     "crates/node/metrics",
     "crates/node/types",
-    "crates/optimism/bin",
-    "crates/optimism/chainspec",
-    "crates/optimism/cli",
-    "crates/optimism/consensus",
-    "crates/optimism/evm/",
-    "crates/optimism/flashblocks/",
-    "crates/optimism/hardforks/",
-    "crates/optimism/node/",
-    "crates/optimism/payload/",
-    "crates/optimism/primitives/",
-    "crates/optimism/reth/",
-    "crates/optimism/rpc/",
-    "crates/optimism/storage",
-    "crates/optimism/txpool/",
     "crates/payload/basic/",
     "crates/payload/builder/",
     "crates/payload/builder-primitives/",
@@ -97,8 +83,6 @@ members = [
     "crates/prune/db",
     "crates/prune/prune",
     "crates/prune/types",
-    "crates/ress/protocol",
-    "crates/ress/provider",
     "crates/revm/",
     "crates/rpc/ipc/",
     "crates/rpc/rpc-api/",
@@ -115,7 +99,6 @@ members = [
     "crates/stages/api/",
     "crates/stages/stages/",
     "crates/stages/types/",
-    "crates/stateless",
     "crates/static-file/static-file",
     "crates/static-file/types/",
     "crates/storage/codecs/",
@@ -139,13 +122,11 @@ members = [
     "crates/trie/db",
     "crates/trie/parallel/",
     "crates/trie/sparse",
-    "crates/trie/sparse-parallel/",
     "crates/trie/trie",
     "examples/beacon-api-sidecar-fetcher/",
     "examples/beacon-api-sse/",
     "examples/bsc-p2p",
     "examples/custom-dev-node/",
-    "examples/custom-node/",
     "examples/custom-engine-types/",
     "examples/custom-evm/",
     "examples/custom-hardforks/",
@@ -154,10 +135,7 @@ members = [
     "examples/custom-payload-builder/",
     "examples/custom-rlpx-subprotocol",
     "examples/custom-rpc-middleware",
-    "examples/custom-node",
     "examples/db-access",
-    "examples/engine-api-access",
-    "examples/exex-hello-world",
     "examples/exex-subscription",
     "examples/exex-test",
     "examples/full-contract-state",
@@ -168,7 +146,6 @@ members = [
     "examples/node-builder-api/",
     "examples/node-custom-rpc/",
     "examples/node-event-hooks/",
-    "examples/op-db-access/",
     "examples/polygon-p2p/",
     "examples/rpc-db/",
     "examples/precompile-cache/",
@@ -329,6 +306,11 @@ inherits = "release"
 lto = "fat"
 codegen-units = 1
 
+[profile.maxperf-symbols]
+inherits = "maxperf"
+debug = "full"
+strip = "none"
+
 [profile.reproducible]
 inherits = "release"
 panic = "abort"
@@ -337,7 +319,6 @@ incremental = false
 
 [workspace.dependencies]
 # reth
-op-reth = { path = "crates/optimism/bin" }
 reth = { path = "bin/reth" }
 reth-storage-rpc-provider = { path = "crates/storage/rpc-provider" }
 reth-basic-payload-builder = { path = "crates/payload/basic" }
@@ -386,7 +367,6 @@ reth-ethereum = { path = "crates/ethereum/reth" }
 reth-etl = { path = "crates/etl" }
 reth-evm = { path = "crates/evm/evm", default-features = false }
 reth-evm-ethereum = { path = "crates/ethereum/evm", default-features = false }
-reth-optimism-evm = { path = "crates/optimism/evm", default-features = false }
 reth-execution-errors = { path = "crates/evm/execution-errors", default-features = false }
 reth-execution-types = { path = "crates/evm/execution-types", default-features = false }
 reth-exex = { path = "crates/exex/exex" }
@@ -413,18 +393,7 @@ reth-node-ethereum = { path = "crates/ethereum/node" }
 reth-node-ethstats = { path = "crates/node/ethstats" }
 reth-node-events = { path = "crates/node/events" }
 reth-node-metrics = { path = "crates/node/metrics" }
-reth-optimism-node = { path = "crates/optimism/node" }
 reth-node-types = { path = "crates/node/types" }
-reth-op = { path = "crates/optimism/reth", default-features = false }
-reth-optimism-chainspec = { path = "crates/optimism/chainspec", default-features = false }
-reth-optimism-cli = { path = "crates/optimism/cli", default-features = false }
-reth-optimism-consensus = { path = "crates/optimism/consensus", default-features = false }
-reth-optimism-forks = { path = "crates/optimism/hardforks", default-features = false }
-reth-optimism-payload-builder = { path = "crates/optimism/payload" }
-reth-optimism-primitives = { path = "crates/optimism/primitives", default-features = false }
-reth-optimism-rpc = { path = "crates/optimism/rpc" }
-reth-optimism-storage = { path = "crates/optimism/storage" }
-reth-optimism-txpool = { path = "crates/optimism/txpool" }
 reth-payload-builder = { path = "crates/payload/builder" }
 reth-payload-builder-primitives = { path = "crates/payload/builder-primitives" }
 reth-payload-primitives = { path = "crates/payload/primitives" }
@@ -445,13 +414,11 @@ reth-rpc-engine-api = { path = "crates/rpc/rpc-engine-api" }
 reth-rpc-eth-api = { path = "crates/rpc/rpc-eth-api" }
 reth-rpc-eth-types = { path = "crates/rpc/rpc-eth-types", default-features = false }
 reth-rpc-layer = { path = "crates/rpc/rpc-layer" }
-reth-optimism-flashblocks = { path = "crates/optimism/flashblocks" }
 reth-rpc-server-types = { path = "crates/rpc/rpc-server-types" }
 reth-rpc-convert = { path = "crates/rpc/rpc-convert" }
 reth-stages = { path = "crates/stages/stages" }
 reth-stages-api = { path = "crates/stages/api" }
 reth-stages-types = { path = "crates/stages/types", default-features = false }
-reth-stateless = { path = "crates/stateless", default-features = false }
 reth-static-file = { path = "crates/static-file/static-file" }
 reth-static-file-types = { path = "crates/static-file/types", default-features = false }
 reth-storage-api = { path = "crates/storage/storage-api", default-features = false }
@@ -467,10 +434,7 @@ reth-trie-common = { path = "crates/trie/common", default-features = false }
 reth-trie-db = { path = "crates/trie/db" }
 reth-trie-parallel = { path = "crates/trie/parallel" }
 reth-trie-sparse = { path = "crates/trie/sparse", default-features = false }
-reth-trie-sparse-parallel = { path = "crates/trie/sparse-parallel" }
 reth-zstd-compressors = { path = "crates/storage/zstd-compressors", default-features = false }
-reth-ress-protocol = { path = "crates/ress/protocol" }
-reth-ress-provider = { path = "crates/ress/provider" }
 
 # revm
 revm = { version = "34.0.0", default-features = false }
@@ -481,52 +445,52 @@ revm-primitives = { version = "22.0.0", default-features = false }
 revm-interpreter = { version = "32.0.0", default-features = false }
 revm-database-interface = { version = "9.0.0", default-features = false }
 op-revm = { version = "15.0.0", default-features = false }
-revm-inspectors = "0.34.0"
+revm-inspectors = "0.34.2"
 
 # eth
+alloy-dyn-abi = "1.5.6"
+alloy-primitives = { version = "1.5.6", default-features = false, features = ["map-foldhash"] }
+alloy-sol-types = { version = "1.5.6", default-features = false }
+
 alloy-chains = { version = "0.2.5", default-features = false }
-alloy-dyn-abi = "1.4.3"
 alloy-eip2124 = { version = "0.2.0", default-features = false }
 alloy-eip7928 = { version = "0.3.0", default-features = false }
-alloy-evm = { version = "0.26.3", default-features = false }
-alloy-primitives = { version = "1.5.0", default-features = false, features = ["map-foldhash"] }
-alloy-rlp = { version = "0.3.10", default-features = false, features = ["core-net"] }
-alloy-sol-macro = "1.5.0"
-alloy-sol-types = { version = "1.5.0", default-features = false }
-alloy-trie = { version = "0.9.1", default-features = false }
+alloy-evm = { version = "0.27.2", default-features = false }
+alloy-rlp = { version = "0.3.13", default-features = false, features = ["core-net"] }
+alloy-trie = { version = "0.9.4", default-features = false }
 
 alloy-hardforks = "0.4.5"
 
-alloy-consensus = { version = "1.4.3", default-features = false }
-alloy-contract = { version = "1.4.3", default-features = false }
-alloy-eips = { version = "1.4.3", default-features = false }
-alloy-genesis = { version = "1.4.3", default-features = false }
-alloy-json-rpc = { version = "1.4.3", default-features = false }
-alloy-network = { version = "1.4.3", default-features = false }
-alloy-network-primitives = { version = "1.4.3", default-features = false }
-alloy-provider = { version = "1.4.3", features = ["reqwest", "debug-api"], default-features = false }
-alloy-pubsub = { version = "1.4.3", default-features = false }
-alloy-rpc-client = { version = "1.4.3", default-features = false }
-alloy-rpc-types = { version = "1.4.3", features = ["eth"], default-features = false }
-alloy-rpc-types-admin = { version = "1.4.3", default-features = false }
-alloy-rpc-types-anvil = { version = "1.4.3", default-features = false }
-alloy-rpc-types-beacon = { version = "1.4.3", default-features = false }
-alloy-rpc-types-debug = { version = "1.4.3", default-features = false }
-alloy-rpc-types-engine = { version = "1.4.3", default-features = false }
-alloy-rpc-types-eth = { version = "1.4.3", default-features = false }
-alloy-rpc-types-mev = { version = "1.4.3", default-features = false }
-alloy-rpc-types-trace = { version = "1.4.3", default-features = false }
-alloy-rpc-types-txpool = { version = "1.4.3", default-features = false }
-alloy-serde = { version = "1.4.3", default-features = false }
-alloy-signer = { version = "1.4.3", default-features = false }
-alloy-signer-local = { version = "1.4.3", default-features = false }
-alloy-transport = { version = "1.4.3" }
-alloy-transport-http = { version = "1.4.3", features = ["reqwest-rustls-tls"], default-features = false }
-alloy-transport-ipc = { version = "1.4.3", default-features = false }
-alloy-transport-ws = { version = "1.4.3", default-features = false }
+alloy-consensus = { version = "1.6.3", default-features = false }
+alloy-contract = { version = "1.6.3", default-features = false }
+alloy-eips = { version = "1.6.3", default-features = false }
+alloy-genesis = { version = "1.6.3", default-features = false }
+alloy-json-rpc = { version = "1.6.3", default-features = false }
+alloy-network = { version = "1.6.3", default-features = false }
+alloy-network-primitives = { version = "1.6.3", default-features = false }
+alloy-provider = { version = "1.6.3", features = ["reqwest", "debug-api"], default-features = false }
+alloy-pubsub = { version = "1.6.3", default-features = false }
+alloy-rpc-client = { version = "1.6.3", default-features = false }
+alloy-rpc-types = { version = "1.6.3", features = ["eth"], default-features = false }
+alloy-rpc-types-admin = { version = "1.6.3", default-features = false }
+alloy-rpc-types-anvil = { version = "1.6.3", default-features = false }
+alloy-rpc-types-beacon = { version = "1.6.3", default-features = false }
+alloy-rpc-types-debug = { version = "1.6.3", default-features = false }
+alloy-rpc-types-engine = { version = "1.6.3", default-features = false }
+alloy-rpc-types-eth = { version = "1.6.3", default-features = false }
+alloy-rpc-types-mev = { version = "1.6.3", default-features = false }
+alloy-rpc-types-trace = { version = "1.6.3", default-features = false }
+alloy-rpc-types-txpool = { version = "1.6.3", default-features = false }
+alloy-serde = { version = "1.6.3", default-features = false }
+alloy-signer = { version = "1.6.3", default-features = false }
+alloy-signer-local = { version = "1.6.3", default-features = false }
+alloy-transport = { version = "1.6.3" }
+alloy-transport-http = { version = "1.6.3", features = ["reqwest-rustls-tls"], default-features = false }
+alloy-transport-ipc = { version = "1.6.3", default-features = false }
+alloy-transport-ws = { version = "1.6.3", default-features = false }
 
 # op
-alloy-op-evm = { version = "0.26.3", default-features = false }
+alloy-op-evm = { version = "0.27.2", default-features = false }
 alloy-op-hardforks = "0.4.4"
 op-alloy-rpc-types = { version = "0.23.1", default-features = false }
 op-alloy-rpc-types-engine = { version = "0.23.1", default-features = false }
@@ -544,7 +508,7 @@ backon = { version = "1.2", default-features = false, features = ["std-blocking-
 bincode = "1.3"
 bitflags = "2.4"
 boyer-moore-magiclen = "0.2.16"
-bytes = { version = "1.5", default-features = false }
+bytes = { version = "1.11.1", default-features = false }
 brotli = "8"
 cfg-if = "1.0"
 clap = "4"
@@ -561,9 +525,9 @@ humantime-serde = "1.1"
 itertools = { version = "0.14", default-features = false }
 linked_hash_set = "0.1"
 lz4 = "1.28.1"
-modular-bitfield = "0.11.2"
+modular-bitfield = "0.13.1"
 notify = { version = "8.0.0", default-features = false, features = ["macos_fsevent"] }
-nybbles = { version = "0.4.2", default-features = false }
+nybbles = { version = "0.4.8", default-features = false }
 once_cell = { version = "1.19", default-features = false, features = ["critical-section"] }
 parking_lot = "0.12"
 paste = "1.0"
@@ -583,20 +547,20 @@ strum_macros = "0.27"
 syn = "2.0"
 thiserror = { version = "2.0.0", default-features = false }
 tar = "0.4.44"
-tracing = { version = "0.1.0", default-features = false }
+tracing = { version = "0.1.0", default-features = false, features = ["attributes"] }
 tracing-appender = "0.2"
 url = { version = "2.3", default-features = false }
 zstd = "0.13"
 byteorder = "1"
-mini-moka = "0.10"
+fixed-cache = { version = "0.1.7", features = ["stats"] }
 moka = "0.12"
-tar-no-std = { version = "0.3.2", default-features = false }
-miniz_oxide = { version = "0.8.4", default-features = false }
+tar-no-std = { version = "0.4.2", default-features = false }
+miniz_oxide = { version = "0.9.0", default-features = false }
 chrono = "0.4.41"
 
 # metrics
 metrics = "0.24.0"
-metrics-derive = "0.1"
+metrics-derive = "0.1.1"
 metrics-exporter-prometheus = { version = "0.18.0", default-features = false }
 metrics-process = "2.1.0"
 metrics-util = { default-features = false, version = "0.20.0" }
@@ -608,7 +572,7 @@ quote = "1.0"
 # tokio
 tokio = { version = "1.44.2", default-features = false }
 tokio-stream = "0.1.11"
-tokio-tungstenite = "0.26.2"
+tokio-tungstenite = "0.28.0"
 tokio-util = { version = "0.7.4", features = ["codec"] }
 
 # async
@@ -621,7 +585,7 @@ futures-util = { version = "0.3", default-features = false }
 hyper = "1.3"
 hyper-util = "0.1.5"
 pin-project = "1.0.12"
-reqwest = { version = "0.12", default-features = false }
+reqwest = { version = "0.12", default-features = false, features = ["rustls-tls", "rustls-tls-native-roots", "stream"] }
 tracing-futures = "0.2"
 tower = "0.5"
 tower-http = "0.6"
@@ -641,7 +605,6 @@ jsonrpsee-types = "0.26.0"
 http = "1.0"
 http-body = "1.0"
 http-body-util = "0.1.2"
-jsonwebtoken = "9"
 proptest-arbitrary-interop = "0.1.0"
 
 # crypto
@@ -655,7 +618,7 @@ rand_08 = { package = "rand", version = "0.8" }
 c-kzg = "2.1.5"
 
 # config
-toml = "0.8"
+toml = "0.9"
 
 # rocksdb
 rocksdb = { version = "0.24" }
@@ -671,19 +634,19 @@ tracing-opentelemetry = "0.32"
 # misc-testing
 arbitrary = "1.3"
 assert_matches = "1.5.0"
-criterion = { package = "codspeed-criterion-compat", version = "2.7" }
+criterion = { package = "codspeed-criterion-compat", version = "4.3" }
 insta = "1.41"
 proptest = "1.7"
-proptest-derive = "0.5"
+proptest-derive = "0.7"
 similar-asserts = { version = "1.5.0", features = ["serde"] }
 tempfile = "3.20"
 test-fuzz = "7"
-rstest = "0.24.0"
+rstest = "0.26.1"
 test-case = "3"
 
 # ssz encoding
-ethereum_ssz = "0.9.0"
-ethereum_ssz_derive = "0.9.0"
+ethereum_ssz = "0.10.1"
+ethereum_ssz_derive = "0.10.1"
 
 # allocators
 jemalloc_pprof = { version = "0.8", default-features = false }
@@ -695,14 +658,14 @@ snmalloc-rs = { version = "0.3.7", features = ["build_cc"] }
 aes = "0.8.1"
 ahash = "0.8"
 anyhow = "1.0"
-bindgen = { version = "0.71", default-features = false }
-block-padding = "0.3.2"
+bindgen = { version = "0.72", default-features = false }
+block-padding = "0.3"
 cc = "1.2.15"
 cipher = "0.4.3"
 comfy-table = "7.0"
 concat-kdf = "0.1.0"
 crossbeam-channel = "0.5.13"
-crossterm = "0.28.0"
+crossterm = "0.29.0"
 csv = "1.3.0"
 ctrlc = "3.4"
 ctr = "0.9.2"
@@ -715,7 +678,7 @@ hmac = "0.12.1"
 human_bytes = "0.4.1"
 indexmap = "2"
 interprocess = "2.2.0"
-lz4_flex = { version = "0.11", default-features = false }
+lz4_flex = { version = "0.12", default-features = false }
 memmap2 = "0.9.4"
 mev-share-sse = { version = "0.5.0", default-features = false }
 num-traits = "0.2.15"
@@ -723,17 +686,17 @@ page_size = "0.6.0"
 parity-scale-codec = "3.2.1"
 plain_hasher = "0.2"
 pretty_assertions = "1.4"
-ratatui = { version = "0.29", default-features = false }
-ringbuffer = "0.15.0"
+ratatui = { version = "0.30", default-features = false }
+ringbuffer = "0.16.0"
 rmp-serde = "1.3"
-roaring = "0.10.2"
+roaring = "0.11.3"
 rolling-file = "0.2.0"
 sha3 = "0.10.5"
 snap = "1.1.1"
-socket2 = { version = "0.5", default-features = false }
-sysinfo = { version = "0.33", default-features = false }
+socket2 = { version = "0.6", default-features = false }
+sysinfo = { version = "0.38", default-features = false }
 tracing-journald = "0.3"
-tracing-logfmt = "0.3.3"
+tracing-logfmt = "=0.3.5"
 tracing-samply = "0.1"
 tracing-subscriber = { version = "0.3", default-features = false }
 tracing-tracy = "0.11"
@@ -748,6 +711,28 @@ vergen-git2 = "9.1.0"
 ipnet = "2.11"
 
 [patch.crates-io]
+# revm staging patches
+revm = { git = "https://github.com/bluealloy/revm", rev = "33330a285e621b9170c30a21cfea9ab32e2a2169" }
+op-revm = { git = "https://github.com/bluealloy/revm", rev = "33330a285e621b9170c30a21cfea9ab32e2a2169" }
+revm-bytecode = { git = "https://github.com/bluealloy/revm", rev = "33330a285e621b9170c30a21cfea9ab32e2a2169" }
+revm-context = { git = "https://github.com/bluealloy/revm", rev = "33330a285e621b9170c30a21cfea9ab32e2a2169" }
+revm-context-interface = { git = "https://github.com/bluealloy/revm", rev = "33330a285e621b9170c30a21cfea9ab32e2a2169" }
+revm-database = { git = "https://github.com/bluealloy/revm", rev = "33330a285e621b9170c30a21cfea9ab32e2a2169" }
+revm-database-interface = { git = "https://github.com/bluealloy/revm", rev = "33330a285e621b9170c30a21cfea9ab32e2a2169" }
+revm-handler = { git = "https://github.com/bluealloy/revm", rev = "33330a285e621b9170c30a21cfea9ab32e2a2169" }
+revm-inspector = { git = "https://github.com/bluealloy/revm", rev = "33330a285e621b9170c30a21cfea9ab32e2a2169" }
+revm-interpreter = { git = "https://github.com/bluealloy/revm", rev = "33330a285e621b9170c30a21cfea9ab32e2a2169" }
+revm-precompile = { git = "https://github.com/bluealloy/revm", rev = "33330a285e621b9170c30a21cfea9ab32e2a2169" }
+revm-primitives = { git = "https://github.com/bluealloy/revm", rev = "33330a285e621b9170c30a21cfea9ab32e2a2169" }
+revm-state = { git = "https://github.com/bluealloy/revm", rev = "33330a285e621b9170c30a21cfea9ab32e2a2169" }
+
+# revm-inspectors staging patch
+revm-inspectors = { git = "https://github.com/paradigmxyz/revm-inspectors", rev = "e80e2eab72dfa18011e6a99abd37027290a46e83" }
+
+# alloy-evm staging patches
+alloy-evm = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/evm", rev = "742dc14749ea0279c03ca27b1c26f26ac19fbefb" }
+alloy-op-evm = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/evm", rev = "742dc14749ea0279c03ca27b1c26f26ac19fbefb" }
+
 # alloy-consensus = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "3049f232fbb44d1909883e154eb38ec5962f53a3" }
 # alloy-contract = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "3049f232fbb44d1909883e154eb38ec5962f53a3" }
 # alloy-eips = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy", rev = "3049f232fbb44d1909883e154eb38ec5962f53a3" }
@@ -790,8 +775,8 @@ ipnet = "2.11"
 # jsonrpsee-http-client = { git = "https://github.com/paradigmxyz/jsonrpsee", branch = "matt/make-rpc-service-pub" }
 # jsonrpsee-types = { git = "https://github.com/paradigmxyz/jsonrpsee", branch = "matt/make-rpc-service-pub" }
 
-# alloy-evm = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/evm", rev = "a69f0b45a6b0286e16072cb8399e02ce6ceca353" }
-# alloy-op-evm = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/evm", rev = "a69f0b45a6b0286e16072cb8399e02ce6ceca353" }
+# alloy-evm = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/evm", rev = "df124c0" }
+# alloy-op-evm = { git = "https://github.com/alloy-rs/evm", rev = "df124c0" }
 
 # revm-inspectors = { git = "https://github.com/paradigmxyz/revm-inspectors", rev = "3020ea8" }
 

Cross.toml

@@ -15,15 +15,6 @@ pre-build = [
     "apt-get update && apt-get install --assume-yes --no-install-recommends llvm-dev libclang-dev clang",
 ]
 
-[target.x86_64-pc-windows-gnu]
-# Why do we need a custom Dockerfile on Windows:
-# 1. `reth-libmdbx` stopped working with MinGW 9.3 that cross image comes with.
-# 2. To be able to update the version of MinGW, we need to also update the Ubuntu that the image is based on.
-#
-# Also see https://github.com/cross-rs/cross/issues/1667
-# Inspired by https://github.com/cross-rs/cross/blob/9e2298e17170655342d3248a9c8ac37ef92ba38f/docker/Dockerfile.x86_64-pc-windows-gnu#L51
-dockerfile = "./Dockerfile.x86_64-pc-windows-gnu"
-
 [target.riscv64gc-unknown-linux-gnu]
 image = "ubuntu:24.04"
 pre-build = [

Dockerfile.cross

@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-# This image is meant to enable cross-architecture builds.
-# It assumes the reth binary has already been compiled for `$TARGETPLATFORM` and is
-# locatable in `./dist/bin/$TARGETARCH`
-FROM --platform=$TARGETPLATFORM ubuntu:22.04
-
-LABEL org.opencontainers.image.source=https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth
-LABEL org.opencontainers.image.licenses="MIT OR Apache-2.0"
-
-# Filled by docker buildx
-ARG TARGETARCH
-
-COPY ./dist/bin/$TARGETARCH/reth /usr/local/bin/reth
-
-EXPOSE 30303 30303/udp 9001 8545 8546
-ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/local/bin/reth"]

Dockerfile.depot

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+# syntax=docker/dockerfile:1
+
+# Dockerfile for reth, optimized for Depot builds
+# Usage:
+#   reth: --build-arg BINARY=reth
+
+FROM rust:1 AS builder
+WORKDIR /app
+
+LABEL org.opencontainers.image.source=https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth
+LABEL org.opencontainers.image.licenses="MIT OR Apache-2.0"
+
+RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y libclang-dev pkg-config
+
+# Install sccache for compilation caching
+RUN cargo install sccache --locked
+ENV RUSTC_WRAPPER=sccache
+ENV SCCACHE_DIR=/sccache
+ENV SCCACHE_WEBDAV_ENDPOINT=https://cache.depot.dev
+
+# Binary to build
+ARG BINARY=reth
+
+# Manifest path for the binary
+ARG MANIFEST_PATH=bin/reth
+
+# Build profile, release by default
+ARG BUILD_PROFILE=release
+ENV BUILD_PROFILE=$BUILD_PROFILE
+
+# Extra Cargo flags (can be overridden, otherwise set per-platform below)
+ARG RUSTFLAGS=""
+
+# Extra Cargo features
+ARG FEATURES=""
+ENV FEATURES=$FEATURES
+
+# Git info for vergen (since .git is excluded from Docker context)
+ARG VERGEN_GIT_SHA=""
+ARG VERGEN_GIT_DESCRIBE=""
+ARG VERGEN_GIT_DIRTY="false"
+ENV VERGEN_GIT_SHA=$VERGEN_GIT_SHA
+ENV VERGEN_GIT_DESCRIBE=$VERGEN_GIT_DESCRIBE
+ENV VERGEN_GIT_DIRTY=$VERGEN_GIT_DIRTY
+
+# Build application
+# Platform-specific RUSTFLAGS: amd64 uses x86-64-v3 (Haswell+) with pclmulqdq for rocksdb
+ARG TARGETPLATFORM
+COPY --exclude=.git . .
+RUN --mount=type=secret,id=DEPOT_TOKEN,env=SCCACHE_WEBDAV_TOKEN \
+    --mount=type=cache,target=/usr/local/cargo/registry,sharing=shared \
+    --mount=type=cache,target=/usr/local/cargo/git,sharing=shared \
+    --mount=type=cache,target=$SCCACHE_DIR,sharing=shared \
+    export RUSTC_WRAPPER=sccache SCCACHE_WEBDAV_ENDPOINT=https://cache.depot.dev SCCACHE_DIR=/sccache && \
+    sccache --start-server && \
+    if [ -n "$RUSTFLAGS" ]; then \
+        export RUSTFLAGS="$RUSTFLAGS"; \
+    elif [ "$TARGETPLATFORM" = "linux/amd64" ]; then \
+        export RUSTFLAGS="-C target-cpu=x86-64-v3 -C target-feature=+pclmulqdq"; \
+    fi && \
+    cargo build --profile $BUILD_PROFILE --features "$FEATURES" --locked --bin $BINARY --manifest-path $MANIFEST_PATH/Cargo.toml && \
+    sccache --show-stats
+
+# Copy binary to a known location (ARG not resolved in COPY)
+# Note: Custom profiles like maxperf/profiling output to target/<profile>/, not target/release/
+RUN cp /app/target/$BUILD_PROFILE/$BINARY /app/binary || \
+    cp /app/target/release/$BINARY /app/binary
+
+FROM ubuntu:24.04 AS runtime
+WORKDIR /app
+
+# Binary name for entrypoint
+ARG BINARY=reth
+
+# Install runtime dependencies
+RUN apt-get update && \
+    apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends ca-certificates && \
+    rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+
+# Copy binary from build stage and create canonical symlink for entrypoint
+COPY --from=builder /app/binary /usr/local/bin/
+RUN mv /usr/local/bin/binary /usr/local/bin/$BINARY && \
+    ln -s /usr/local/bin/$BINARY /usr/local/bin/reth-binary && \
+    chmod +x /usr/local/bin/$BINARY
+
+# Copy licenses
+COPY LICENSE-* ./
+
+EXPOSE 30303 30303/udp 9001 8545 8546
+ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/local/bin/reth-binary"]

Dockerfile.x86_64-pc-windows-gnu

@@ -1,79 +0,0 @@
-FROM ubuntu:24.04 AS cross-base
-ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
-
-# Use HTTPS for package sources
-RUN apt-get update && apt-get install --assume-yes --no-install-recommends ca-certificates
-RUN find /etc/apt/ -type f \( -name '*.list' -o -name '*.sources' \) -exec sed -i 's|http://|https://|g' {} +
-
-# Configure APT retries and timeouts to handle network issues
-RUN echo 'Acquire::Retries \"3\";' > /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/80-retries && \
-    echo 'Acquire::http::Timeout \"60\";' >> /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/80-retries && \
-    echo 'Acquire::ftp::Timeout \"60\";' >> /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/80-retries
-
-# configure fallback mirrors
-RUN sed -i 's|URIs: https://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/|URIs: https://mirror.cov.ukservers.com/ubuntu/ https://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ https://mirror.ox.ac.uk/sites/archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/|g' /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources
-
-RUN apt-get update && apt-get install --assume-yes --no-install-recommends git
-
-RUN git clone https://github.com/cross-rs/cross /cross
-WORKDIR /cross/docker
-RUN git checkout baf457efc2555225af47963475bd70e8d2f5993f
-
-# xargo doesn't work with Rust 1.89 and higher: https://github.com/cross-rs/cross/issues/1701.
-#
-# When this PR https://github.com/cross-rs/cross/pull/1580 is merged,
-# we can update the checkout above and remove this replacement.
-RUN sed -i 's|sh rustup-init.sh -y --no-modify-path --profile minimal|sh rustup-init.sh -y --no-modify-path --profile minimal --default-toolchain=1.88.0|' xargo.sh
-
-RUN cp common.sh lib.sh / && /common.sh
-RUN cp cmake.sh / && /cmake.sh
-RUN cp xargo.sh / && /xargo.sh
-
-FROM cross-base AS build
-
-RUN apt-get install --assume-yes --no-install-recommends libz-mingw-w64-dev g++-mingw-w64-x86-64 gfortran-mingw-w64-x86-64
-
-# Install Wine using OpenSUSE repository because official one is often lagging behind
-RUN dpkg --add-architecture i386 && \
-    apt-get install --assume-yes --no-install-recommends wget gpg && \
-    mkdir -pm755 /etc/apt/keyrings && curl -fsSL \
-    https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/Emulators:/Wine:/Debian/xUbuntu_24.04/Release.key \
-    | tee /etc/apt/keyrings/obs-winehq.key >/dev/null && \
-    echo "deb [arch=amd64,i386 signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/obs-winehq.key] \
-    https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/Emulators:/Wine:/Debian/xUbuntu_24.04/ ./" \
-    | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/obs-winehq.list && \
-    apt-get update && apt-get install --assume-yes --install-recommends winehq-stable
-
-# run-detectors are responsible for calling the correct interpreter for exe
-# files. For some reason it does not work inside a docker container (it works
-# fine in the host). So we replace the usual paths of run-detectors to run wine
-# directly. This only affects the guest, we are not messing up with the host.
-#
-# See /usr/share/doc/binfmt-support/detectors
-RUN mkdir -p /usr/lib/binfmt-support/ && \
-    rm -f /usr/lib/binfmt-support/run-detectors /usr/bin/run-detectors && \
-    ln -s /usr/bin/wine /usr/lib/binfmt-support/run-detectors && \
-    ln -s /usr/bin/wine /usr/bin/run-detectors
-
-RUN cp windows-entry.sh /
-ENTRYPOINT ["/windows-entry.sh"]
-
-RUN cp toolchain.cmake /opt/toolchain.cmake
-
-# for why we always link with pthread support, see:
-# https://github.com/cross-rs/cross/pull/1123#issuecomment-1312287148
-ENV CROSS_TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX=x86_64-w64-mingw32-
-ENV CROSS_TOOLCHAIN_SUFFIX=-posix
-ENV CROSS_SYSROOT=/usr/x86_64-w64-mingw32
-ENV CROSS_TARGET_RUNNER="env -u CARGO_TARGET_X86_64_PC_WINDOWS_GNU_RUNNER wine"
-ENV CARGO_TARGET_X86_64_PC_WINDOWS_GNU_LINKER="$CROSS_TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX"gcc"$CROSS_TOOLCHAIN_SUFFIX" \
-    CARGO_TARGET_X86_64_PC_WINDOWS_GNU_RUNNER="$CROSS_TARGET_RUNNER" \
-    AR_x86_64_pc_windows_gnu="$CROSS_TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX"ar \
-    CC_x86_64_pc_windows_gnu="$CROSS_TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX"gcc"$CROSS_TOOLCHAIN_SUFFIX" \
-    CXX_x86_64_pc_windows_gnu="$CROSS_TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX"g++"$CROSS_TOOLCHAIN_SUFFIX" \
-    CMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE_x86_64_pc_windows_gnu=/opt/toolchain.cmake \
-    BINDGEN_EXTRA_CLANG_ARGS_x86_64_pc_windows_gnu="--sysroot=$CROSS_SYSROOT -idirafter/usr/include" \
-    CROSS_CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME=Windows \
-    CROSS_CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR=AMD64 \
-    CROSS_CMAKE_CRT=gnu \
-    CROSS_CMAKE_OBJECT_FLAGS="-ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -m64"

DockerfileOp

@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-FROM lukemathwalker/cargo-chef:latest-rust-1 AS chef
-WORKDIR /app
-
-LABEL org.opencontainers.image.source=https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth
-LABEL org.opencontainers.image.licenses="MIT OR Apache-2.0"
-
-RUN apt-get update && apt-get -y upgrade && apt-get install -y libclang-dev pkg-config
-
-# Builds a cargo-chef plan
-FROM chef AS planner
-COPY . .
-RUN cargo chef prepare --recipe-path recipe.json
-
-FROM chef AS builder
-COPY --from=planner /app/recipe.json recipe.json
-
-ARG BUILD_PROFILE=maxperf
-ENV BUILD_PROFILE=$BUILD_PROFILE
-
-ARG RUSTFLAGS=""
-ENV RUSTFLAGS="$RUSTFLAGS"
-
-ARG FEATURES=""
-ENV FEATURES=$FEATURES
-
-RUN cargo chef cook --profile $BUILD_PROFILE --features "$FEATURES" --recipe-path recipe.json --manifest-path /app/crates/optimism/bin/Cargo.toml
-
-COPY . .
-RUN cargo build --profile $BUILD_PROFILE --features "$FEATURES" --bin op-reth --manifest-path /app/crates/optimism/bin/Cargo.toml
-
-RUN ls -la /app/target/$BUILD_PROFILE/op-reth
-RUN cp /app/target/$BUILD_PROFILE/op-reth /app/op-reth
-
-FROM ubuntu AS runtime
-
-RUN apt-get update && \
-    apt-get install -y ca-certificates libssl-dev pkg-config strace && \
-    rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
-
-WORKDIR /app
-COPY --from=builder /app/op-reth /usr/local/bin/
-RUN chmod +x /usr/local/bin/op-reth
-COPY LICENSE-* ./
-
-EXPOSE 30303 30303/udp 9001 8545 8546 7545 8551
-ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/local/bin/op-reth"]

DockerfileOp.cross

@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-# This image is meant to enable cross-architecture builds.
-# It assumes the reth binary has already been compiled for `$TARGETPLATFORM` and is
-# locatable in `./dist/bin/$TARGETARCH`
-FROM --platform=$TARGETPLATFORM ubuntu:22.04
-
-LABEL org.opencontainers.image.source=https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth
-LABEL org.opencontainers.image.licenses="MIT OR Apache-2.0"
-
-# Filled by docker buildx
-ARG TARGETARCH
-
-COPY ./dist/bin/$TARGETARCH/op-reth /usr/local/bin/op-reth
-
-EXPOSE 30303 30303/udp 9001 8545 8546
-ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/local/bin/op-reth"]

HARDFORK-CHECKLIST.md

@@ -24,18 +24,3 @@
   parameters.
 - Update version specific validation checks in the `EngineValidator` trait.
 
-## Op-Reth changes
-
-### Updates to the engine API
-
-Opstack tries to be as close to the L1 engine API as much as possible. Isthmus (Prague equivalent) introduced the first
-deviation from the L1 engine API with an additional field in the `ExecutionPayload`. For this reason the op engine API
-has its own server traits `OpEngineApi`.
-Adding a new versioned endpoint requires the same changes as for L1 just for the dedicated OP types.
-
-### Hardforks
-
-Opstack has dedicated hardforks (e.g. Isthmus), that can be entirely opstack specific (e.g. Holocene) or can be an L1
-equivalent hardfork. Since opstack sticks to the L1 header primitive, a new L1 equivalent hardfork also requires new
-equivalent consensus checks. For this reason these `OpHardfork` must be mapped to L1 `EthereumHardfork`, for example:
-`OpHardfork::Isthmus` corresponds to `EthereumHardfork::Prague`. These mappings must be defined in the `ChainSpec`.

Makefile

@@ -12,12 +12,7 @@ FULL_DB_TOOLS_DIR := $(shell pwd)/$(DB_TOOLS_DIR)/
 CARGO_TARGET_DIR ?= target
 
 # List of features to use when building. Can be overridden via the environment.
-# No jemalloc on Windows
-ifeq ($(OS),Windows_NT)
-    FEATURES ?= asm-keccak min-debug-logs
-else
-    FEATURES ?= jemalloc asm-keccak min-debug-logs
-endif
+FEATURES ?=
 
 # Cargo profile for builds. Default is for local builds, CI uses an override.
 PROFILE ?= release
@@ -35,9 +30,6 @@ EEST_TESTS_TAG := v4.5.0
 EEST_TESTS_URL := https://github.com/ethereum/execution-spec-tests/releases/download/$(EEST_TESTS_TAG)/fixtures_stable.tar.gz
 EEST_TESTS_DIR := ./testing/ef-tests/execution-spec-tests
 
-# The docker image name
-DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME ?= ghcr.io/paradigmxyz/reth
-
 ##@ Help
 
 .PHONY: help
@@ -53,13 +45,6 @@ install: ## Build and install the reth binary under `$(CARGO_HOME)/bin`.
 		--profile "$(PROFILE)" \
 		$(CARGO_INSTALL_EXTRA_FLAGS)
 
-.PHONY: install-op
-install-op: ## Build and install the op-reth binary under `$(CARGO_HOME)/bin`.
-	cargo install --path crates/optimism/bin --bin op-reth --force --locked \
-		--features "$(FEATURES)" \
-		--profile "$(PROFILE)" \
-		$(CARGO_INSTALL_EXTRA_FLAGS)
-
 .PHONY: build
 build: ## Build the reth binary into `target` directory.
 	cargo build --bin reth --features "$(FEATURES)" --profile "$(PROFILE)"
@@ -87,21 +72,10 @@ build-%-reproducible:
 .PHONY: build-debug
 build-debug: ## Build the reth binary into `target/debug` directory.
 	cargo build --bin reth --features "$(FEATURES)"
-.PHONY: build-debug-op
-build-debug-op: ## Build the op-reth binary into `target/debug` directory.
-	cargo build --bin op-reth --features "$(FEATURES)" --manifest-path crates/optimism/bin/Cargo.toml
-
-.PHONY: build-op
-build-op: ## Build the op-reth binary into `target` directory.
-	cargo build --bin op-reth --features "$(FEATURES)" --profile "$(PROFILE)" --manifest-path crates/optimism/bin/Cargo.toml
-
 # Builds the reth binary natively.
 build-native-%:
 	cargo build --bin reth --target $* --features "$(FEATURES)" --profile "$(PROFILE)"
 
-op-build-native-%:
-	cargo build --bin op-reth --target $* --features "$(FEATURES)" --profile "$(PROFILE)" --manifest-path crates/optimism/bin/Cargo.toml
-
 # The following commands use `cross` to build a cross-compile.
 #
 # These commands require that:
@@ -118,11 +92,6 @@ op-build-native-%:
 # on other systems. JEMALLOC_SYS_WITH_LG_PAGE=16 tells jemalloc to use 64-KiB
 # pages. See: https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/issues/6742
 build-aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu: export JEMALLOC_SYS_WITH_LG_PAGE=16
-op-build-aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu: export JEMALLOC_SYS_WITH_LG_PAGE=16
-
-# No jemalloc on Windows
-build-x86_64-pc-windows-gnu: FEATURES := $(filter-out jemalloc jemalloc-prof,$(FEATURES))
-op-build-x86_64-pc-windows-gnu: FEATURES := $(filter-out jemalloc jemalloc-prof,$(FEATURES))
 
 # Note: The additional rustc compiler flags are for intrinsics needed by MDBX.
 # See: https://github.com/cross-rs/cross/wiki/FAQ#undefined-reference-with-build-std
@@ -130,10 +99,6 @@ build-%:
 	RUSTFLAGS="-C link-arg=-lgcc -Clink-arg=-static-libgcc" \
 		cross build --bin reth --target $* --features "$(FEATURES)" --profile "$(PROFILE)"
 
-op-build-%:
-	RUSTFLAGS="-C link-arg=-lgcc -Clink-arg=-static-libgcc" \
-		cross build --bin op-reth --target $* --features "$(FEATURES)" --profile "$(PROFILE)" --manifest-path crates/optimism/bin/Cargo.toml
-
 # Unfortunately we can't easily use cross to build for Darwin because of licensing issues.
 # If we wanted to, we would need to build a custom Docker image with the SDK available.
 #
@@ -144,11 +109,6 @@ build-x86_64-apple-darwin:
 	$(MAKE) build-native-x86_64-apple-darwin
 build-aarch64-apple-darwin:
 	$(MAKE) build-native-aarch64-apple-darwin
-op-build-x86_64-apple-darwin:
-	$(MAKE) op-build-native-x86_64-apple-darwin
-op-build-aarch64-apple-darwin:
-	$(MAKE) op-build-native-aarch64-apple-darwin
-
 build-deb-%:
 	@case "$*" in \
 		x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu|aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu|riscv64gc-unknown-linux-gnu) \
@@ -184,8 +144,6 @@ build-release-tarballs: ## Create a series of `.tar.gz` files in the BIN_DIR dir
 	$(call tarball_release_binary,"x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu","reth","")
 	$(MAKE) build-aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu
 	$(call tarball_release_binary,"aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu","reth","")
-	$(MAKE) build-x86_64-pc-windows-gnu
-	$(call tarball_release_binary,"x86_64-pc-windows-gnu","reth.exe","")
 
 ##@ Test
 
@@ -195,7 +153,7 @@ COV_FILE := lcov.info
 .PHONY: test-unit
 test-unit: ## Run unit tests.
 	cargo install cargo-nextest --locked
-	cargo nextest run $(UNIT_TEST_ARGS)
+	cargo nextest run --no-fail-fast $(UNIT_TEST_ARGS)
 
 
 .PHONY: cov-unit
@@ -228,7 +186,7 @@ $(EEST_TESTS_DIR):
 
 .PHONY: ef-tests
 ef-tests: $(EF_TESTS_DIR) $(EEST_TESTS_DIR) ## Runs Legacy and EEST tests.
-	cargo nextest run -p ef-tests --release --features ef-tests
+	cargo nextest run --no-fail-fast -p ef-tests --release --features ef-tests
 
 ##@ reth-bench
 
@@ -242,137 +200,6 @@ install-reth-bench: ## Build and install the reth binary under `$(CARGO_HOME)/bi
 		--features "$(FEATURES)" \
 		--profile "$(PROFILE)"
 
-##@ Docker
-
-# Note: This requires a buildx builder with emulation support. For example:
-#
-# `docker run --privileged --rm tonistiigi/binfmt --install amd64,arm64`
-# `docker buildx create --use --driver docker-container --name cross-builder`
-.PHONY: docker-build-push
-docker-build-push: ## Build and push a cross-arch Docker image tagged with the latest git tag.
-	$(call docker_build_push,$(GIT_TAG),$(GIT_TAG))
-
-# Note: This requires a buildx builder with emulation support. For example:
-#
-# `docker run --privileged --rm tonistiigi/binfmt --install amd64,arm64`
-# `docker buildx create --use --driver docker-container --name cross-builder`
-.PHONY: docker-build-push-git-sha
-docker-build-push-git-sha: ## Build and push a cross-arch Docker image tagged with the latest git sha.
-	$(call docker_build_push,$(GIT_SHA),$(GIT_SHA))
-
-# Note: This requires a buildx builder with emulation support. For example:
-#
-# `docker run --privileged --rm tonistiigi/binfmt --install amd64,arm64`
-# `docker buildx create --use --driver docker-container --name cross-builder`
-.PHONY: docker-build-push-latest
-docker-build-push-latest: ## Build and push a cross-arch Docker image tagged with the latest git tag and `latest`.
-	$(call docker_build_push,$(GIT_TAG),latest)
-
-# Note: This requires a buildx builder with emulation support. For example:
-#
-# `docker run --privileged --rm tonistiigi/binfmt --install amd64,arm64`
-# `docker buildx create --use --name cross-builder`
-.PHONY: docker-build-push-nightly
-docker-build-push-nightly: ## Build and push cross-arch Docker image tagged with the latest git tag with a `-nightly` suffix, and `latest-nightly`.
-	$(call docker_build_push,nightly,nightly)
-
-.PHONY: docker-build-push-nightly-edge-profiling
-docker-build-push-nightly-edge-profiling: FEATURES := $(FEATURES) edge
-docker-build-push-nightly-edge-profiling: ## Build and push cross-arch Docker image with edge features tagged with `nightly-edge-profiling`.
-	$(call docker_build_push,nightly-edge-profiling,nightly-edge-profiling)
-
-# Create a cross-arch Docker image with the given tags and push it
-define docker_build_push
-	$(MAKE) FEATURES="$(FEATURES)" build-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
-	mkdir -p $(BIN_DIR)/amd64
-	cp $(CARGO_TARGET_DIR)/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/$(PROFILE)/reth $(BIN_DIR)/amd64/reth
-
-	$(MAKE) FEATURES="$(FEATURES)" build-aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu
-	mkdir -p $(BIN_DIR)/arm64
-	cp $(CARGO_TARGET_DIR)/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/$(PROFILE)/reth $(BIN_DIR)/arm64/reth
-
-	docker buildx build --file ./Dockerfile.cross . \
-		--platform linux/amd64,linux/arm64 \
-		--tag $(DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME):$(1) \
-		--tag $(DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME):$(2) \
-		--provenance=false \
-		--push
-endef
-
-##@ Optimism docker
-
-# Note: This requires a buildx builder with emulation support. For example:
-#
-# `docker run --privileged --rm tonistiigi/binfmt --install amd64,arm64`
-# `docker buildx create --use --driver docker-container --name cross-builder`
-.PHONY: op-docker-build-push
-op-docker-build-push: ## Build and push a cross-arch Docker image tagged with the latest git tag.
-	$(call op_docker_build_push,$(GIT_TAG),$(GIT_TAG))
-
-# Note: This requires a buildx builder with emulation support. For example:
-#
-# `docker run --privileged --rm tonistiigi/binfmt --install amd64,arm64`
-# `docker buildx create --use --driver docker-container --name cross-builder`
-.PHONY: op-docker-build-push-git-sha
-op-docker-build-push-git-sha: ## Build and push a cross-arch Docker image tagged with the latest git sha.
-	$(call op_docker_build_push,$(GIT_SHA),$(GIT_SHA))
-
-# Note: This requires a buildx builder with emulation support. For example:
-#
-# `docker run --privileged --rm tonistiigi/binfmt --install amd64,arm64`
-# `docker buildx create --use --driver docker-container --name cross-builder`
-.PHONY: op-docker-build-push-latest
-op-docker-build-push-latest: ## Build and push a cross-arch Docker image tagged with the latest git tag and `latest`.
-	$(call op_docker_build_push,$(GIT_TAG),latest)
-
-# Note: This requires a buildx builder with emulation support. For example:
-#
-# `docker run --privileged --rm tonistiigi/binfmt --install amd64,arm64`
-# `docker buildx create --use --name cross-builder`
-.PHONY: op-docker-build-push-nightly
-op-docker-build-push-nightly: ## Build and push cross-arch Docker image tagged with the latest git tag with a `-nightly` suffix, and `latest-nightly`.
-	$(call op_docker_build_push,nightly,nightly)
-
-.PHONY: op-docker-build-push-nightly-edge-profiling
-op-docker-build-push-nightly-edge-profiling: FEATURES := $(FEATURES) edge
-op-docker-build-push-nightly-edge-profiling: ## Build and push cross-arch Docker image with edge features tagged with `nightly-edge-profiling`.
-	$(call op_docker_build_push,nightly-edge-profiling,nightly-edge-profiling)
-
-# Note: This requires a buildx builder with emulation support. For example:
-#
-# `docker run --privileged --rm tonistiigi/binfmt --install amd64,arm64`
-# `docker buildx create --use --name cross-builder`
-.PHONY: docker-build-push-nightly-profiling
-docker-build-push-nightly-profiling: ## Build and push cross-arch Docker image with profiling profile tagged with nightly-profiling.
-	$(call docker_build_push,nightly-profiling,nightly-profiling)
-
-	# Note: This requires a buildx builder with emulation support. For example:
-#
-# `docker run --privileged --rm tonistiigi/binfmt --install amd64,arm64`
-# `docker buildx create --use --name cross-builder`
-.PHONY: op-docker-build-push-nightly-profiling
-op-docker-build-push-nightly-profiling: ## Build and push cross-arch Docker image tagged with the latest git tag with a `-nightly` suffix, and `latest-nightly`.
-	$(call op_docker_build_push,nightly-profiling,nightly-profiling)
-
-
-# Create a cross-arch Docker image with the given tags and push it
-define op_docker_build_push
-	$(MAKE) FEATURES="$(FEATURES)" op-build-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
-	mkdir -p $(BIN_DIR)/amd64
-	cp $(CARGO_TARGET_DIR)/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/$(PROFILE)/op-reth $(BIN_DIR)/amd64/op-reth
-
-	$(MAKE) FEATURES="$(FEATURES)" op-build-aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu
-	mkdir -p $(BIN_DIR)/arm64
-	cp $(CARGO_TARGET_DIR)/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/$(PROFILE)/op-reth $(BIN_DIR)/arm64/op-reth
-
-	docker buildx build --file ./DockerfileOp.cross . \
-		--platform linux/amd64,linux/arm64 \
-		--tag $(DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME):$(1) \
-		--tag $(DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME):$(2) \
-		--provenance=false \
-		--push
-endef
-
 ##@ Other
 
 .PHONY: clean
@@ -400,30 +227,21 @@ db-tools: ## Compile MDBX debugging tools.
 	@echo "Run \"$(DB_TOOLS_DIR)/mdbx_chk\" for the MDBX db file integrity check."
 
 .PHONY: update-book-cli
-update-book-cli: build-debug build-debug-op## Update book cli documentation.
+update-book-cli: build-debug ## Update book cli documentation.
 	@echo "Updating book cli doc..."
-	@./docs/cli/update.sh $(CARGO_TARGET_DIR)/debug/reth $(CARGO_TARGET_DIR)/debug/op-reth
+	@./docs/cli/update.sh $(CARGO_TARGET_DIR)/debug/reth
 
 .PHONY: profiling
 profiling: ## Builds `reth` with optimisations, but also symbols.
-	RUSTFLAGS="-C target-cpu=native" cargo build --profile profiling --features jemalloc,asm-keccak
-
-.PHONY: profiling-op
-profiling-op: ## Builds `op-reth` with optimisations, but also symbols.
-	RUSTFLAGS="-C target-cpu=native" cargo build --profile profiling --features jemalloc,asm-keccak --bin op-reth --manifest-path crates/optimism/bin/Cargo.toml
+	RUSTFLAGS="-C target-cpu=native" cargo build --profile profiling
 
 .PHONY: maxperf
 maxperf: ## Builds `reth` with the most aggressive optimisations.
-	RUSTFLAGS="-C target-cpu=native" cargo build --profile maxperf --features jemalloc,asm-keccak
-
-.PHONY: maxperf-op
-maxperf-op: ## Builds `op-reth` with the most aggressive optimisations.
-	RUSTFLAGS="-C target-cpu=native" cargo build --profile maxperf --features jemalloc,asm-keccak --bin op-reth --manifest-path crates/optimism/bin/Cargo.toml
+	RUSTFLAGS="-C target-cpu=native" cargo build --profile maxperf
 
 .PHONY: maxperf-no-asm
 maxperf-no-asm: ## Builds `reth` with the most aggressive optimisations, minus the "asm-keccak" feature.
-	RUSTFLAGS="-C target-cpu=native" cargo build --profile maxperf --features jemalloc
-
+	RUSTFLAGS="-C target-cpu=native" cargo build --profile maxperf --no-default-features --features jemalloc,min-debug-logs,otlp,otlp-logs,reth-revm/portable,js-tracer,keccak-cache-global,rocksdb
 
 fmt:
 	cargo +nightly fmt
@@ -438,17 +256,6 @@ clippy:
 	--all-features \
 	-- -D warnings
 
-clippy-op-dev:
-	cargo +nightly clippy \
-	--bin op-reth \
-	--workspace \
-	--lib \
-	--examples \
-	--tests \
-	--benches \
-	--locked \
-	--all-features
-
 lint-typos: ensure-typos
 	typos
 
@@ -513,7 +320,6 @@ rustdocs: ## Runs `cargo docs` to generate the Rust documents in the `target/doc
 cargo-test:
 	cargo test \
 	--workspace \
-	--bin "op-reth" \
 	--lib --examples \
 	--tests \
 	--benches \

README.md

@@ -18,6 +18,11 @@
 [gh-lint]: https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/actions/workflows/lint.yml
 [tg-badge]: https://img.shields.io/endpoint?color=neon&logo=telegram&label=chat&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftg.sumanjay.workers.dev%2Fparadigm%5Freth
 
+> **Note: OP-Reth has moved**
+>
+> The Optimism (op-reth) crates have been moved to [ethereum-optimism/optimism](https://github.com/ethereum-optimism/optimism).
+> Git contribution history has been preserved. If you are looking for op-reth, please see the new repository.
+
 ## What is Reth?
 
 Reth (short for Rust Ethereum, [pronunciation](https://x.com/kelvinfichter/status/1597653609411268608)) is a new Ethereum full node implementation that is focused on being user-friendly, highly modular, as well as being fast and efficient. Reth is an Execution Layer (EL) and is compatible with all Ethereum Consensus Layer (CL) implementations that support the [Engine API](https://github.com/ethereum/execution-apis/tree/a0d03086564ab1838b462befbc083f873dcf0c0f/src/engine). It is originally built and driven forward by [Paradigm](https://paradigm.xyz/), and is licensed under the Apache and MIT licenses.
@@ -32,7 +37,7 @@ More concretely, our goals are:
 2. **Performance**: Reth aims to be fast, so we use Rust and the [Erigon staged-sync](https://erigon.substack.com/p/erigon-stage-sync-and-control-flows) node architecture. We also use our Ethereum libraries (including [Alloy](https://github.com/alloy-rs/alloy/) and [revm](https://github.com/bluealloy/revm/)) which we've battle-tested and optimized via [Foundry](https://github.com/foundry-rs/foundry/).
 3. **Free for anyone to use any way they want**: Reth is free open source software, built for the community, by the community. By licensing the software under the Apache/MIT license, we want developers to use it without being bound by business licenses, or having to think about the implications of GPL-like licenses.
 4. **Client Diversity**: The Ethereum protocol becomes more antifragile when no node implementation dominates. This ensures that if there's a software bug, the network does not finalize a bad block. By building a new client, we hope to contribute to Ethereum's antifragility.
-5. **Support as many EVM chains as possible**: We aspire that Reth can full-sync not only Ethereum, but also other chains like Optimism, Polygon, BNB Smart Chain, and more. If you're working on any of these projects, please reach out.
+5. **Support as many EVM chains as possible**: We aspire that Reth can full-sync not only Ethereum, but also other chains like Optimism, Polygon, BNB Smart Chain, and more. If you're working on any of these projects, please reach out. Note: OP-Reth has moved to [ethereum-optimism/optimism](https://github.com/ethereum-optimism/optimism).
 6. **Configurability**: We want to solve for node operators that care about fast historical queries, but also for hobbyists who cannot operate on large hardware. We also want to support teams and individuals who want both sync from genesis and via "fast sync". We envision that Reth will be configurable enough and provide configurable "profiles" for the tradeoffs that each team faces.
 
 ## Status
@@ -41,13 +46,13 @@ Reth is production ready, and suitable for usage in mission-critical environment
 
 More historical context below:
 
--   We released 1.0 "production-ready" stable Reth in June 2024.
-    -   Reth completed an audit with [Sigma Prime](https://sigmaprime.io/), the developers of [Lighthouse](https://github.com/sigp/lighthouse), the Rust Consensus Layer implementation. Find it [here](./audit/sigma_prime_audit_v2.pdf).
-    -   Revm (the EVM used in Reth) underwent an audit with [Guido Vranken](https://x.com/guidovranken) (#1 [Ethereum Bug Bounty](https://ethereum.org/en/bug-bounty)). We will publish the results soon.
--   We released multiple iterative beta versions, up to [beta.9](https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/releases/tag/v0.2.0-beta.9) on Monday June 3, 2024, the last beta release.
--   We released [beta](https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/releases/tag/v0.2.0-beta.1) on Monday March 4, 2024, our first breaking change to the database model, providing faster query speed, smaller database footprint, and allowing "history" to be mounted on separate drives.
--   We shipped iterative improvements until the last alpha release on February 28, 2024, [0.1.0-alpha.21](https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/releases/tag/v0.1.0-alpha.21).
--   We [initially announced](https://www.paradigm.xyz/2023/06/reth-alpha) [0.1.0-alpha.1](https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/releases/tag/v0.1.0-alpha.1) on June 20, 2023.
+- We released 1.0 "production-ready" stable Reth in June 2024.
+  - Reth completed an audit with [Sigma Prime](https://sigmaprime.io/), the developers of [Lighthouse](https://github.com/sigp/lighthouse), the Rust Consensus Layer implementation. Find it [here](./audit/sigma_prime_audit_v2.pdf).
+  - Revm (the EVM used in Reth) underwent an audit with [Guido Vranken](https://x.com/guidovranken) (#1 [Ethereum Bug Bounty](https://ethereum.org/en/bug-bounty)). We will publish the results soon.
+- We released multiple iterative beta versions, up to [beta.9](https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/releases/tag/v0.2.0-beta.9) on Monday June 3, 2024, the last beta release.
+- We released [beta](https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/releases/tag/v0.2.0-beta.1) on Monday March 4, 2024, our first breaking change to the database model, providing faster query speed, smaller database footprint, and allowing "history" to be mounted on separate drives.
+- We shipped iterative improvements until the last alpha release on February 28, 2024, [0.1.0-alpha.21](https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/releases/tag/v0.1.0-alpha.21).
+- We [initially announced](https://www.paradigm.xyz/2023/06/reth-alpha) [0.1.0-alpha.1](https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/releases/tag/v0.1.0-alpha.1) on June 20, 2023.
 
 ### Database compatibility
 
@@ -77,8 +82,8 @@ For a general overview of the crates, see [Project Layout](./docs/repo/layout.md
 
 If you want to contribute, or follow along with contributor discussion, you can use our [main telegram](https://t.me/paradigm_reth) to chat with us about the development of Reth!
 
--   Our contributor guidelines can be found in [`CONTRIBUTING.md`](./CONTRIBUTING.md).
--   See our [contributor docs](./docs) for more information on the project. A good starting point is [Project Layout](./docs/repo/layout.md).
+- Our contributor guidelines can be found in [`CONTRIBUTING.md`](./CONTRIBUTING.md).
+- See our [contributor docs](./docs) for more information on the project. A good starting point is [Project Layout](./docs/repo/layout.md).
 
 ### Building and testing
 
@@ -123,9 +128,9 @@ If you have any questions, first see if the answer to your question can be found
 
 If the answer is not there:
 
--   Join the [Telegram][tg-url] to get help, or
--   Open a [discussion](https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/discussions/new) with your question, or
--   Open an issue with [the bug](https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/issues/new?assignees=&labels=C-bug%2CS-needs-triage&projects=&template=bug.yml)
+- Join the [Telegram][tg-url] to get help, or
+- Open a [discussion](https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/discussions/new) with your question, or
+- Open an issue with [the bug](https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/issues/new?assignees=&labels=C-bug%2CS-needs-triage&projects=&template=bug.yml)
 
 ## Security
 
@@ -137,9 +142,9 @@ Reth is a new implementation of the Ethereum protocol. In the process of develop
 
 None of this would have been possible without them, so big shoutout to the teams below:
 
--   [Geth](https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/): We would like to express our heartfelt gratitude to the go-ethereum team for their outstanding contributions to Ethereum over the years. Their tireless efforts and dedication have helped to shape the Ethereum ecosystem and make it the vibrant and innovative community it is today. Thank you for your hard work and commitment to the project.
--   [Erigon](https://github.com/ledgerwatch/erigon) (fka Turbo-Geth): Erigon pioneered the ["Staged Sync" architecture](https://erigon.substack.com/p/erigon-stage-sync-and-control-flows) that Reth is using, as well as [introduced MDBX](https://github.com/ledgerwatch/erigon/wiki/Choice-of-storage-engine) as the database of choice. We thank Erigon for pushing the state of the art research on the performance limits of Ethereum nodes.
--   [Akula](https://github.com/akula-bft/akula/): Reth uses forks of the Apache versions of Akula's [MDBX Bindings](https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/pull/132), [FastRLP](https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/pull/63) and [ECIES](https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/pull/80). Given that these packages were already released under the Apache License, and they implement standardized solutions, we decided not to reimplement them to iterate faster. We thank the Akula team for their contributions to the Rust Ethereum ecosystem and for publishing these packages.
+- [Geth](https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/): We would like to express our heartfelt gratitude to the go-ethereum team for their outstanding contributions to Ethereum over the years. Their tireless efforts and dedication have helped to shape the Ethereum ecosystem and make it the vibrant and innovative community it is today. Thank you for your hard work and commitment to the project.
+- [Erigon](https://github.com/ledgerwatch/erigon) (fka Turbo-Geth): Erigon pioneered the ["Staged Sync" architecture](https://erigon.substack.com/p/erigon-stage-sync-and-control-flows) that Reth is using, as well as [introduced MDBX](https://github.com/ledgerwatch/erigon/wiki/Choice-of-storage-engine) as the database of choice. We thank Erigon for pushing the state of the art research on the performance limits of Ethereum nodes.
+- [Akula](https://github.com/akula-bft/akula/): Reth uses forks of the Apache versions of Akula's [MDBX Bindings](https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/pull/132), [FastRLP](https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/pull/63) and [ECIES](https://github.com/paradigmxyz/reth/pull/80). Given that these packages were already released under the Apache License, and they implement standardized solutions, we decided not to reimplement them to iterate faster. We thank the Akula team for their contributions to the Rust Ethereum ecosystem and for publishing these packages.
 
 ## Warning
 

bin/reth-bench-compare/Cargo.toml

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ ctrlc.workspace = true
 shlex.workspace = true
 
 [target.'cfg(unix)'.dependencies]
-nix = { version = "0.29", features = ["signal", "process"] }
+nix = { version = "0.31", features = ["signal", "process"] }
 
 [features]
 default = ["jemalloc"]
@@ -98,5 +98,5 @@ min-trace-logs = [
     "reth-node-core/min-trace-logs",
 ]
 
-# no-op feature flag for switching between the `optimism` and default functionality in CI matrices
+# no-op feature flag for CI matrices
 ethereum = []

bin/reth-bench-compare/README.md

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ reth-bench-compare \
 | `--draw` | Generate charts (needs Python/uv) | `false` | No |
 | `--profile` | Enable CPU profiling (needs samply) | `false` | No |
 | `-vvvv` | Debug logging | Info | No |
-| `--features <FEATURES>` | Rust features for both builds | `jemalloc,asm-keccak` | No |
+| `--features <FEATURES>` | Extra Rust features for both builds | - | No |
 | `--rustflags <FLAGS>` | RUSTFLAGS for both builds | `-C target-cpu=native` | No |
 | `--baseline-features <FEATURES>` | Features for baseline only | Inherits `--features` | No |
 | `--feature-features <FEATURES>` | Features for feature only | Inherits `--features` | No |

bin/reth-bench-compare/src/benchmark.rs

@@ -186,10 +186,12 @@ impl BenchmarkRunner {
             &output_dir.to_string_lossy(),
         ]);
 
-        // Configure wait mode: wait-time takes precedence over persistence-based flow
+        // Configure wait mode: both can be used together
+        // When both are set: wait at least wait_time, and also wait for persistence if needed
         if let Some(ref wait_time) = self.wait_time {
             cmd.args(["--wait-time", wait_time]);
-        } else if self.wait_for_persistence {
+        }
+        if self.wait_for_persistence {
             cmd.arg("--wait-for-persistence");
 
             // Add persistence threshold if specified

bin/reth-bench-compare/src/cli.rs

@@ -116,9 +116,9 @@ pub(crate) struct Args {
 
     /// Optional fixed delay between engine API calls (passed to reth-bench).
     ///
-    /// When set, reth-bench uses wait-time mode and disables persistence-based flow.
-    /// This flag remains for compatibility with older scripts.
-    #[arg(long, value_name = "DURATION", hide = true)]
+    /// Can be combined with `--wait-for-persistence`: when both are set,
+    /// waits at least this duration, and also waits for persistence if needed.
+    #[arg(long, value_name = "DURATION")]
     pub wait_time: Option<String>,
 
     /// Wait for blocks to be persisted before sending the next batch (passed to reth-bench).
@@ -126,6 +126,9 @@ pub(crate) struct Args {
     /// When enabled, waits for every Nth block to be persisted using the
     /// `reth_subscribePersistedBlock` subscription. This ensures the benchmark
     /// doesn't outpace persistence.
+    ///
+    /// Can be combined with `--wait-time`: when both are set, waits at least
+    /// wait-time, and also waits for persistence if the block hasn't been persisted yet.
     #[arg(long)]
     pub wait_for_persistence: bool,
 
@@ -188,10 +191,9 @@ pub(crate) struct Args {
     #[arg(trailing_var_arg = true, allow_hyphen_values = true)]
     pub reth_args: Vec<String>,
 
-    /// Comma-separated list of features to enable during reth compilation (applied to both builds)
-    ///
-    /// Example: `jemalloc,asm-keccak`
-    #[arg(long, value_name = "FEATURES", default_value = "jemalloc,asm-keccak")]
+    /// Comma-separated list of extra features to enable during reth compilation (applied to both
+    /// builds)
+    #[arg(long, value_name = "FEATURES", default_value = "")]
     pub features: String,
 
     /// Comma-separated list of features to enable only for baseline build (overrides --features)
@@ -202,7 +204,7 @@ pub(crate) struct Args {
 
     /// Comma-separated list of features to enable only for feature build (overrides --features)
     ///
-    /// Example: `--feature-features jemalloc,asm-keccak`
+    /// Example: `--feature-features jemalloc-prof`
     #[arg(long, value_name = "FEATURES")]
     pub feature_features: Option<String>,
 
@@ -274,10 +276,8 @@ impl Args {
     /// Get the default RPC URL for a given chain
     const fn get_default_rpc_url(chain: &Chain) -> &'static str {
         match chain.id() {
-            8453 => "https://base-mainnet.rpc.ithaca.xyz",  // base
-            84532 => "https://base-sepolia.rpc.ithaca.xyz", // base-sepolia
-            27082 => "https://rpc.hoodi.ethpandaops.io",    // hoodi
-            _ => "https://reth-ethereum.ithaca.xyz/rpc",    // mainnet and fallback
+            27082 => "https://rpc.hoodi.ethpandaops.io", // hoodi
+            _ => "https://ethereum.reth.rs/rpc",         // mainnet and fallback
         }
     }
 
@@ -471,7 +471,6 @@ async fn run_compilation_phase(
     git_manager: &GitManager,
     compilation_manager: &CompilationManager,
     args: &Args,
-    is_optimism: bool,
 ) -> Result<(String, String)> {
     info!("=== Running compilation phase ===");
 
@@ -524,7 +523,7 @@ async fn run_compilation_phase(
         git_manager.switch_ref(git_ref)?;
 
         // Compile reth (with caching)
-        compilation_manager.compile_reth(commit, is_optimism, features, rustflags)?;
+        compilation_manager.compile_reth(commit, features, rustflags)?;
 
         info!("Completed compilation for {} reference", ref_type);
     }
@@ -544,7 +543,6 @@ async fn run_warmup_phase(
     node_manager: &mut NodeManager,
     benchmark_runner: &BenchmarkRunner,
     args: &Args,
-    is_optimism: bool,
     baseline_commit: &str,
     starting_tip: u64,
 ) -> Result<()> {
@@ -562,8 +560,7 @@ async fn run_warmup_phase(
     git_manager.switch_ref(warmup_ref)?;
 
     // Get the cached binary path for baseline (should already be compiled)
-    let binary_path =
-        compilation_manager.get_cached_binary_path_for_commit(baseline_commit, is_optimism);
+    let binary_path = compilation_manager.get_cached_binary_path_for_commit(baseline_commit);
 
     // Verify the cached binary exists
     if !binary_path.exists() {
@@ -616,18 +613,13 @@ async fn run_benchmark_workflow(
     comparison_generator: &mut ComparisonGenerator,
     args: &Args,
 ) -> Result<()> {
-    // Detect if this is an Optimism chain once at the beginning
-    let rpc_url = args.get_rpc_url();
-    let is_optimism = compilation_manager.detect_optimism_chain(&rpc_url).await?;
-
     // Run compilation phase for both binaries
     let (baseline_commit, feature_commit) =
-        run_compilation_phase(git_manager, compilation_manager, args, is_optimism).await?;
+        run_compilation_phase(git_manager, compilation_manager, args).await?;
 
     // Switch to baseline reference and get the starting tip
     git_manager.switch_ref(&args.baseline_ref)?;
-    let binary_path =
-        compilation_manager.get_cached_binary_path_for_commit(&baseline_commit, is_optimism);
+    let binary_path = compilation_manager.get_cached_binary_path_for_commit(&baseline_commit);
     if !binary_path.exists() {
         return Err(eyre!(
             "Cached baseline binary not found at {:?}. Compilation phase should have created it.",
@@ -657,7 +649,6 @@ async fn run_benchmark_workflow(
             node_manager,
             benchmark_runner,
             args,
-            is_optimism,
             &baseline_commit,
             starting_tip,
         )
@@ -683,8 +674,7 @@ async fn run_benchmark_workflow(
         git_manager.switch_ref(git_ref)?;
 
         // Get the cached binary path for this git reference (should already be compiled)
-        let binary_path =
-            compilation_manager.get_cached_binary_path_for_commit(commit, is_optimism);
+        let binary_path = compilation_manager.get_cached_binary_path_for_commit(commit);
 
         // Verify the cached binary exists
         if !binary_path.exists() {

bin/reth-bench-compare/src/compilation.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 //! Compilation operations for reth and reth-bench.
 
 use crate::git::GitManager;
-use alloy_primitives::address;
-use alloy_provider::{Provider, ProviderBuilder};
 use eyre::{eyre, Result, WrapErr};
 use std::{fs, path::PathBuf, process::Command};
 use tracing::{debug, error, info, warn};
@@ -25,54 +23,14 @@ impl CompilationManager {
         Ok(Self { repo_root, output_dir, git_manager })
     }
 
-    /// Detect if the RPC endpoint is an Optimism chain
-    pub(crate) async fn detect_optimism_chain(&self, rpc_url: &str) -> Result<bool> {
-        info!("Detecting chain type from RPC endpoint...");
-
-        // Create Alloy provider
-        let url = rpc_url.parse().map_err(|e| eyre!("Invalid RPC URL '{}': {}", rpc_url, e))?;
-        let provider = ProviderBuilder::new().connect_http(url);
-
-        // Check for Optimism predeploy at address 0x420000000000000000000000000000000000000F
-        let is_optimism = !provider
-            .get_code_at(address!("0x420000000000000000000000000000000000000F"))
-            .await?
-            .is_empty();
-
-        if is_optimism {
-            info!("Detected Optimism chain");
-        } else {
-            info!("Detected Ethereum chain");
-        }
-
-        Ok(is_optimism)
-    }
-
     /// Get the path to the cached binary using explicit commit hash
-    pub(crate) fn get_cached_binary_path_for_commit(
-        &self,
-        commit: &str,
-        is_optimism: bool,
-    ) -> PathBuf {
+    pub(crate) fn get_cached_binary_path_for_commit(&self, commit: &str) -> PathBuf {
         let identifier = &commit[..8]; // Use first 8 chars of commit
-
-        let binary_name = if is_optimism {
-            format!("op-reth_{}", identifier)
-        } else {
-            format!("reth_{}", identifier)
-        };
-
-        self.output_dir.join("bin").join(binary_name)
+        self.output_dir.join("bin").join(format!("reth_{identifier}"))
     }
 
     /// Compile reth using cargo build and cache the binary
-    pub(crate) fn compile_reth(
-        &self,
-        commit: &str,
-        is_optimism: bool,
-        features: &str,
-        rustflags: &str,
-    ) -> Result<()> {
+    pub(crate) fn compile_reth(&self, commit: &str, features: &str, rustflags: &str) -> Result<()> {
         // Validate that current git commit matches the expected commit
         let current_commit = self.git_manager.get_current_commit()?;
         if current_commit != commit {
@@ -83,7 +41,7 @@ impl CompilationManager {
             ));
         }
 
-        let cached_path = self.get_cached_binary_path_for_commit(commit, is_optimism);
+        let cached_path = self.get_cached_binary_path_for_commit(commit);
 
         // Check if cached binary already exists (since path contains commit hash, it's valid)
         if cached_path.exists() {
@@ -93,7 +51,7 @@ impl CompilationManager {
 
         info!("No cached binary found, compiling (commit: {})...", &commit[..8]);
 
-        let binary_name = if is_optimism { "op-reth" } else { "reth" };
+        let binary_name = "reth";
 
         info!(
             "Compiling {} with profiling configuration (commit: {})...",
@@ -107,14 +65,6 @@ impl CompilationManager {
         cmd.arg("--features").arg(features);
         info!("Using features: {features}");
 
-        // Add bin-specific arguments for optimism
-        if is_optimism {
-            cmd.arg("--bin")
-                .arg("op-reth")
-                .arg("--manifest-path")
-                .arg("crates/optimism/bin/Cargo.toml");
-        }
-
         cmd.current_dir(&self.repo_root);
 
         // Set RUSTFLAGS

bin/reth-bench-compare/src/main.rs

@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@
 #[global_allocator]
 static ALLOC: reth_cli_util::allocator::Allocator = reth_cli_util::allocator::new_allocator();
 
+use alloy_primitives as _;
+
 mod benchmark;
 mod cli;
 mod comparison;

bin/reth-bench/Cargo.toml

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ alloy-eips.workspace = true
 alloy-json-rpc.workspace = true
 alloy-consensus.workspace = true
 alloy-network.workspace = true
-alloy-primitives.workspace = true
+alloy-primitives = { workspace = true, features = ["rand"] }
 alloy-provider = { workspace = true, features = ["engine-api", "pubsub", "reqwest-rustls-tls"], default-features = false }
 alloy-pubsub.workspace = true
 alloy-rpc-client = { workspace = true, features = ["pubsub"] }
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ op-alloy-consensus = { workspace = true, features = ["alloy-compat"] }
 op-alloy-rpc-types-engine = { workspace = true, features = ["serde"] }
 
 # reqwest
-reqwest = { workspace = true, default-features = false, features = ["rustls-tls-native-roots"] }
+reqwest.workspace = true
 
 # tower
 tower.workspace = true
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ min-trace-logs = [
     "reth-node-core/min-trace-logs",
 ]
 
-# no-op feature flag for switching between the `optimism` and default functionality in CI matrices
+# no-op feature flag for CI matrices
 ethereum = []
 
 [[bin]]

bin/reth-bench/README.md

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ Otherwise, running `make maxperf` at the root of the repo should be sufficient f
 The `reth-bench new-payload-fcu` command is the most representative of ethereum mainnet live sync, alternating between sending `engine_newPayload` calls and `engine_forkchoiceUpdated` calls.
 
 The `new-payload-fcu` command supports two optional waiting modes that can be used together or independently:
-- `--wait-time <duration>`: Fixed sleep interval between blocks (e.g., `--wait-time 100ms`)
+- `--wait-time <duration>`: Fixed sleep interval between blocks (e.g., `--wait-time 100ms` or `--wait-time 400` for 400ms)
 - `--wait-for-persistence`: Waits for blocks to be persisted using the `reth_subscribePersistedBlock` subscription
 
 When using `--wait-for-persistence`, the benchmark waits after every `(threshold + 1)` blocks, where the threshold defaults to the engine's persistence threshold (2). This can be customized with `--persistence-threshold <N>`.
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ make profiling
 
 If the purpose of the benchmark is to obtain `jemalloc` memory profiles that can then be analyzed by `jeprof`, it should be compiled with the `profiling` profile and the `jemalloc-prof` feature:
 ```bash
-RUSTFLAGS="-C target-cpu=native" cargo build --profile profiling --features "jemalloc-prof,asm-keccak"
+RUSTFLAGS="-C target-cpu=native" cargo build --profile profiling --features "jemalloc-prof"
 ```
 
 > [!NOTE]
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ RUSTFLAGS="-C target-cpu=native" cargo build --profile profiling --features "jem
 Finally, if the purpose of the benchmark is to profile the node when `snmalloc` is configured as the default allocator, it would be built with the following
 command:
 ```bash
-RUSTFLAGS="-C target-cpu=native" cargo build --profile profiling --no-default-features --features "snmalloc-native,asm-keccak"
+RUSTFLAGS="-C target-cpu=native" cargo build --profile profiling --no-default-features --features "snmalloc-native,asm-keccak,min-debug-logs"
 ```
 
 ### Run the Benchmark:

bin/reth-bench/src/bench/context.rs

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ impl BenchContext {
     /// This is the initialization code for most benchmarks, taking in a [`BenchmarkArgs`] and
     /// returning the providers needed to run a benchmark.
     pub(crate) async fn new(bench_args: &BenchmarkArgs, rpc_url: String) -> eyre::Result<Self> {
-        info!("Running benchmark using data from RPC URL: {}", rpc_url);
+        info!(target: "reth-bench", "Running benchmark using data from RPC URL: {}", rpc_url);
 
         // Ensure that output directory exists and is a directory
         if let Some(output) = &bench_args.output {
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ impl BenchContext {
             // Create the directory if it doesn't exist
             if !output.exists() {
                 std::fs::create_dir_all(output)?;
-                info!("Created output directory: {:?}", output);
+                info!(target: "reth-bench", "Created output directory: {:?}", output);
             }
         }
 
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ impl BenchContext {
         let auth_url = Url::parse(&bench_args.engine_rpc_url)?;
 
         // construct the authed transport
-        info!("Connecting to Engine RPC at {} for replay", auth_url);
+        info!(target: "reth-bench", "Connecting to Engine RPC at {} for replay", auth_url);
         let auth_transport = AuthenticatedTransportConnect::new(auth_url, jwt);
         let client = ClientBuilder::default().connect_with(auth_transport).await?;
         let auth_provider = RootProvider::<AnyNetwork>::new(client);

bin/reth-bench/src/bench/gas_limit_ramp.rs

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 use crate::{
     authenticated_transport::AuthenticatedTransportConnect,
     bench::{
-        helpers::{build_payload, prepare_payload_request, rpc_block_to_header},
+        helpers::{build_payload, parse_gas_limit, prepare_payload_request, rpc_block_to_header},
         output::GasRampPayloadFile,
     },
     valid_payload::{call_forkchoice_updated, call_new_payload, payload_to_new_payload},
@@ -25,9 +25,16 @@ use tracing::info;
 /// `reth benchmark gas-limit-ramp` command.
 #[derive(Debug, Parser)]
 pub struct Command {
-    /// Number of blocks to generate.
-    #[arg(long, value_name = "BLOCKS")]
-    blocks: u64,
+    /// Number of blocks to generate. Mutually exclusive with --target-gas-limit.
+    #[arg(long, value_name = "BLOCKS", conflicts_with = "target_gas_limit")]
+    blocks: Option<u64>,
+
+    /// Target gas limit to ramp up to. The benchmark will generate blocks until the gas limit
+    /// reaches or exceeds this value. Mutually exclusive with --blocks.
+    /// Accepts short notation: K for thousand, M for million, G for billion (e.g., 2G = 2
+    /// billion).
+    #[arg(long, value_name = "TARGET_GAS_LIMIT", conflicts_with = "blocks", value_parser = parse_gas_limit)]
+    target_gas_limit: Option<u64>,
 
     /// The Engine API RPC URL.
     #[arg(long = "engine-rpc-url", value_name = "ENGINE_RPC_URL")]
@@ -42,12 +49,37 @@ pub struct Command {
     output: PathBuf,
 }
 
+/// Mode for determining when to stop ramping.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
+enum RampMode {
+    /// Ramp for a fixed number of blocks.
+    Blocks(u64),
+    /// Ramp until reaching or exceeding target gas limit.
+    TargetGasLimit(u64),
+}
+
 impl Command {
     /// Execute `benchmark gas-limit-ramp` command.
     pub async fn execute(self, _ctx: CliContext) -> eyre::Result<()> {
-        if self.blocks == 0 {
-            return Err(eyre::eyre!("--blocks must be greater than 0"));
-        }
+        let mode = match (self.blocks, self.target_gas_limit) {
+            (Some(blocks), None) => {
+                if blocks == 0 {
+                    return Err(eyre::eyre!("--blocks must be greater than 0"));
+                }
+                RampMode::Blocks(blocks)
+            }
+            (None, Some(target)) => {
+                if target == 0 {
+                    return Err(eyre::eyre!("--target-gas-limit must be greater than 0"));
+                }
+                RampMode::TargetGasLimit(target)
+            }
+            _ => {
+                return Err(eyre::eyre!(
+                    "Exactly one of --blocks or --target-gas-limit must be specified"
+                ));
+            }
+        };
 
         // Ensure output directory exists
         if self.output.is_file() {
@@ -55,7 +87,7 @@ impl Command {
         }
         if !self.output.exists() {
             std::fs::create_dir_all(&self.output)?;
-            info!("Created output directory: {:?}", self.output);
+            info!(target: "reth-bench", "Created output directory: {:?}", self.output);
         }
 
         // Set up authenticated provider (used for both Engine API and eth_ methods)
@@ -63,7 +95,7 @@ impl Command {
         let jwt = JwtSecret::from_hex(jwt)?;
         let auth_url = Url::parse(&self.engine_rpc_url)?;
 
-        info!("Connecting to Engine RPC at {}", auth_url);
+        info!(target: "reth-bench", "Connecting to Engine RPC at {}", auth_url);
         let auth_transport = AuthenticatedTransportConnect::new(auth_url, jwt);
         let client = ClientBuilder::default().connect_with(auth_transport).await?;
         let provider = RootProvider::<AnyNetwork>::new(client);
@@ -84,14 +116,33 @@ impl Command {
 
         let canonical_parent = parent_header.number;
         let start_block = canonical_parent + 1;
-        let end_block = start_block + self.blocks - 1;
 
-        info!(canonical_parent, start_block, end_block, "Starting gas limit ramp benchmark");
+        match mode {
+            RampMode::Blocks(blocks) => {
+                info!(
+                    target: "reth-bench",
+                    canonical_parent,
+                    start_block,
+                    end_block = start_block + blocks - 1,
+                    "Starting gas limit ramp benchmark (block count mode)"
+                );
+            }
+            RampMode::TargetGasLimit(target) => {
+                info!(
+                    target: "reth-bench",
+                    canonical_parent,
+                    start_block,
+                    current_gas_limit = parent_header.gas_limit,
+                    target_gas_limit = target,
+                    "Starting gas limit ramp benchmark (target gas limit mode)"
+                );
+            }
+        }
 
-        let mut next_block_number = start_block;
+        let mut blocks_processed = 0u64;
         let total_benchmark_duration = Instant::now();
 
-        while next_block_number <= end_block {
+        while !should_stop(mode, blocks_processed, parent_header.gas_limit) {
             let timestamp = parent_header.timestamp.saturating_add(1);
 
             let request = prepare_payload_request(&chain_spec, timestamp, parent_hash);
@@ -127,7 +178,7 @@ impl Command {
                 GasRampPayloadFile { version: version as u8, block_hash, params: params.clone() };
             let payload_json = serde_json::to_string_pretty(&file)?;
             std::fs::write(&payload_path, &payload_json)?;
-            info!(block_number = block.header.number, path = %payload_path.display(), "Saved payload");
+            info!(target: "reth-bench", block_number = block.header.number, path = %payload_path.display(), "Saved payload");
 
             call_new_payload(&provider, version, params).await?;
 
@@ -140,13 +191,14 @@ impl Command {
 
             parent_header = block.header;
             parent_hash = block_hash;
-            next_block_number += 1;
+            blocks_processed += 1;
         }
 
         let final_gas_limit = parent_header.gas_limit;
         info!(
+            target: "reth-bench",
             total_duration=?total_benchmark_duration.elapsed(),
-            blocks_processed = self.blocks,
+            blocks_processed,
             final_gas_limit,
             "Benchmark complete"
         );
@@ -158,3 +210,10 @@ impl Command {
 const fn max_gas_limit_increase(parent_gas_limit: u64) -> u64 {
     (parent_gas_limit / GAS_LIMIT_BOUND_DIVISOR).saturating_sub(1)
 }
+
+const fn should_stop(mode: RampMode, blocks_processed: u64, current_gas_limit: u64) -> bool {
+    match mode {
+        RampMode::Blocks(target_blocks) => blocks_processed >= target_blocks,
+        RampMode::TargetGasLimit(target) => current_gas_limit >= target,
+    }
+}

bin/reth-bench/src/bench/generate_big_block.rs

@@ -3,7 +3,9 @@
 //! This command fetches transactions from existing blocks and packs them into a single
 //! large block using the `testing_buildBlockV1` RPC endpoint.
 
-use crate::authenticated_transport::AuthenticatedTransportConnect;
+use crate::{
+    authenticated_transport::AuthenticatedTransportConnect, bench::helpers::parse_gas_limit,
+};
 use alloy_eips::{BlockNumberOrTag, Typed2718};
 use alloy_primitives::{Bytes, B256};
 use alloy_provider::{ext::EngineApi, network::AnyNetwork, Provider, RootProvider};
@@ -130,16 +132,27 @@ impl<S: TransactionSource> TransactionCollector<S> {
     /// Collect transactions starting from the given block number.
     ///
     /// Skips blob transactions (type 3) and collects until target gas is reached.
-    /// Returns the collected raw transaction bytes, total gas used, and the next block number.
-    pub async fn collect(&self, start_block: u64) -> eyre::Result<(Vec<Bytes>, u64, u64)> {
-        let mut transactions: Vec<Bytes> = Vec::new();
+    /// Returns a `CollectionResult` with transactions, gas info, and next block.
+    pub async fn collect(&self, start_block: u64) -> eyre::Result<CollectionResult> {
+        self.collect_gas(start_block, self.target_gas).await
+    }
+
+    /// Collect transactions up to a specific gas target.
+    ///
+    /// This is used both for initial collection and for retry top-ups.
+    pub async fn collect_gas(
+        &self,
+        start_block: u64,
+        gas_target: u64,
+    ) -> eyre::Result<CollectionResult> {
+        let mut transactions: Vec<RawTransaction> = Vec::new();
         let mut total_gas: u64 = 0;
         let mut current_block = start_block;
 
-        while total_gas < self.target_gas {
+        while total_gas < gas_target {
             let Some((block_txs, _)) = self.source.fetch_block_transactions(current_block).await?
             else {
-                warn!(block = current_block, "Block not found, stopping");
+                warn!(target: "reth-bench", block = current_block, "Block not found, stopping");
                 break;
             };
 
@@ -149,12 +162,12 @@ impl<S: TransactionSource> TransactionCollector<S> {
                     continue;
                 }
 
-                if total_gas + tx.gas_used <= self.target_gas {
-                    transactions.push(tx.raw);
+                if total_gas + tx.gas_used <= gas_target {
                     total_gas += tx.gas_used;
+                    transactions.push(tx);
                 }
 
-                if total_gas >= self.target_gas {
+                if total_gas >= gas_target {
                     break;
                 }
             }
@@ -162,20 +175,21 @@ impl<S: TransactionSource> TransactionCollector<S> {
             current_block += 1;
 
             // Stop early if remaining gas is under 1M (close enough to target)
-            let remaining_gas = self.target_gas.saturating_sub(total_gas);
+            let remaining_gas = gas_target.saturating_sub(total_gas);
             if remaining_gas < 1_000_000 {
                 break;
             }
         }
 
         info!(
+            target: "reth-bench",
             total_txs = transactions.len(),
-            total_gas,
+            gas_sent = total_gas,
             next_block = current_block,
             "Finished collecting transactions"
         );
 
-        Ok((transactions, total_gas, current_block))
+        Ok(CollectionResult { transactions, gas_sent: total_gas, next_block: current_block })
     }
 }
 
@@ -202,13 +216,26 @@ pub struct Command {
     jwt_secret: std::path::PathBuf,
 
     /// Target gas to pack into the block.
-    #[arg(long, value_name = "TARGET_GAS", default_value = "30000000")]
+    /// Accepts short notation: K for thousand, M for million, G for billion (e.g., 1G = 1
+    /// billion).
+    #[arg(long, value_name = "TARGET_GAS", default_value = "30000000", value_parser = parse_gas_limit)]
     target_gas: u64,
 
-    /// Starting block number to fetch transactions from.
-    /// If not specified, starts from the engine's latest block.
+    /// Block number to start fetching transactions from (required).
+    ///
+    /// This must be the last canonical block BEFORE any gas limit ramping was performed.
+    /// The command collects transactions from historical blocks starting at this number
+    /// to pack into large blocks.
+    ///
+    /// How to determine this value:
+    /// - If starting from a fresh node (no gas limit ramp yet): use the current chain tip
+    /// - If gas limit ramping has already been performed: use the block number that was the chain
+    ///   tip BEFORE ramping began (you must track this yourself)
+    ///
+    /// Using a block after ramping started will cause transaction collection to fail
+    /// because those blocks contain synthetic transactions that cannot be replayed.
     #[arg(long, value_name = "FROM_BLOCK")]
-    from_block: Option<u64>,
+    from_block: u64,
 
     /// Execute the payload (call newPayload + forkchoiceUpdated).
     /// If false, only builds the payload and prints it.
@@ -237,12 +264,86 @@ struct BuiltPayload {
     envelope: ExecutionPayloadEnvelopeV4,
     block_hash: B256,
     timestamp: u64,
+    /// The actual gas used in the built block.
+    gas_used: u64,
+}
+
+/// Result of collecting transactions from blocks.
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct CollectionResult {
+    /// Collected transactions with their gas info.
+    pub transactions: Vec<RawTransaction>,
+    /// Total gas sent (sum of historical `gas_used` for all collected txs).
+    pub gas_sent: u64,
+    /// Next block number to continue collecting from.
+    pub next_block: u64,
+}
+
+/// Constants for retry logic.
+const MAX_BUILD_RETRIES: u32 = 5;
+/// Maximum retries for fetching a transaction batch.
+const MAX_FETCH_RETRIES: u32 = 5;
+/// Tolerance: if `gas_used` is within 1M of target, don't retry.
+const MIN_TARGET_SLACK: u64 = 1_000_000;
+/// Maximum gas to request in retries (10x target as safety cap).
+const MAX_ADDITIONAL_GAS_MULTIPLIER: u64 = 10;
+
+/// Fetches a batch of transactions with retry logic.
+///
+/// Returns `None` if all retries are exhausted.
+async fn fetch_batch_with_retry<S: TransactionSource>(
+    collector: &TransactionCollector<S>,
+    block: u64,
+) -> Option<CollectionResult> {
+    for attempt in 1..=MAX_FETCH_RETRIES {
+        match collector.collect(block).await {
+            Ok(result) => return Some(result),
+            Err(e) => {
+                if attempt == MAX_FETCH_RETRIES {
+                    warn!(target: "reth-bench", attempt, error = %e, "Failed to fetch transactions after max retries");
+                    return None;
+                }
+                warn!(target: "reth-bench", attempt, error = %e, "Failed to fetch transactions, retrying...");
+                tokio::time::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_secs(1)).await;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    None
+}
+
+/// Outcome of a build attempt check.
+enum RetryOutcome {
+    /// Payload is close enough to target gas.
+    Success,
+    /// Max retries reached, accept what we have.
+    MaxRetries,
+    /// Need more transactions with the specified gas amount.
+    NeedMore(u64),
+}
+
+/// Buffer for receiving transaction batches from the fetcher.
+///
+/// This abstracts over the channel to allow the main loop to request
+/// batches on demand, including for retries.
+struct TxBuffer {
+    receiver: mpsc::Receiver<CollectionResult>,
+}
+
+impl TxBuffer {
+    const fn new(receiver: mpsc::Receiver<CollectionResult>) -> Self {
+        Self { receiver }
+    }
+
+    /// Take the next available batch from the fetcher.
+    async fn take_batch(&mut self) -> Option<CollectionResult> {
+        self.receiver.recv().await
+    }
 }
 
 impl Command {
     /// Execute the `generate-big-block` command
     pub async fn execute(self, _ctx: CliContext) -> eyre::Result<()> {
-        info!(target_gas = self.target_gas, count = self.count, "Generating big block(s)");
+        info!(target: "reth-bench", target_gas = self.target_gas, count = self.count, "Generating big block(s)");
 
         // Set up authenticated engine provider
         let jwt =
@@ -250,20 +351,20 @@ impl Command {
         let jwt = JwtSecret::from_hex(jwt.trim())?;
         let auth_url = Url::parse(&self.engine_rpc_url)?;
 
-        info!("Connecting to Engine RPC at {}", auth_url);
+        info!(target: "reth-bench", "Connecting to Engine RPC at {}", auth_url);
         let auth_transport = AuthenticatedTransportConnect::new(auth_url.clone(), jwt);
         let auth_client = ClientBuilder::default().connect_with(auth_transport).await?;
         let auth_provider = RootProvider::<AnyNetwork>::new(auth_client);
 
         // Set up testing RPC provider (for testing_buildBlockV1)
-        info!("Connecting to Testing RPC at {}", self.testing_rpc_url);
+        info!(target: "reth-bench", "Connecting to Testing RPC at {}", self.testing_rpc_url);
         let testing_client = ClientBuilder::default()
             .layer(RetryBackoffLayer::new(10, 800, u64::MAX))
             .http(self.testing_rpc_url.parse()?);
         let testing_provider = RootProvider::<AnyNetwork>::new(testing_client);
 
         // Get the parent block (latest canonical block)
-        info!(endpoint = "engine", method = "eth_getBlockByNumber", block = "latest", "RPC call");
+        info!(target: "reth-bench", endpoint = "engine", method = "eth_getBlockByNumber", block = "latest", "RPC call");
         let parent_block = auth_provider
             .get_block_by_number(BlockNumberOrTag::Latest)
             .await?
@@ -274,6 +375,7 @@ impl Command {
         let parent_timestamp = parent_block.header.timestamp;
 
         info!(
+            target: "reth-bench",
             parent_hash = %parent_hash,
             parent_number = parent_number,
             "Using initial parent block"
@@ -284,7 +386,7 @@ impl Command {
             format!("Failed to create output directory: {:?}", self.output_dir)
         })?;
 
-        let start_block = self.from_block.unwrap_or(parent_number);
+        let start_block = self.from_block;
 
         // Use pipelined execution when generating multiple payloads
         if self.count > 1 {
@@ -297,57 +399,60 @@ impl Command {
             )
             .await?;
         } else {
-            // Single payload - collect transactions and build
+            // Single payload - collect transactions and build with retry
             let tx_source = RpcTransactionSource::from_url(&self.rpc_url)?;
             let collector = TransactionCollector::new(tx_source, self.target_gas);
-            let (transactions, _total_gas, _next_block) = collector.collect(start_block).await?;
+            let result = collector.collect(start_block).await?;
 
-            if transactions.is_empty() {
+            if result.transactions.is_empty() {
                 return Err(eyre::eyre!("No transactions collected"));
             }
 
-            self.execute_sequential(
+            self.execute_sequential_with_retry(
                 &auth_provider,
                 &testing_provider,
-                transactions,
+                &collector,
+                result,
                 parent_hash,
                 parent_timestamp,
             )
             .await?;
         }
 
-        info!(count = self.count, output_dir = %self.output_dir.display(), "All payloads generated");
+        info!(target: "reth-bench", count = self.count, output_dir = %self.output_dir.display(), "All payloads generated");
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    /// Sequential execution path for single payload or no-execute mode.
-    async fn execute_sequential(
+    /// Sequential execution path with retry logic for underfilled payloads.
+    async fn execute_sequential_with_retry<S: TransactionSource>(
         &self,
         auth_provider: &RootProvider<AnyNetwork>,
         testing_provider: &RootProvider<AnyNetwork>,
-        transactions: Vec<Bytes>,
+        collector: &TransactionCollector<S>,
+        initial_result: CollectionResult,
         mut parent_hash: B256,
         mut parent_timestamp: u64,
     ) -> eyre::Result<()> {
-        for i in 0..self.count {
-            info!(
-                payload = i + 1,
-                total = self.count,
-                parent_hash = %parent_hash,
-                parent_timestamp = parent_timestamp,
-                "Building payload via testing_buildBlockV1"
-            );
+        let mut current_result = initial_result;
 
+        for i in 0..self.count {
             let built = self
-                .build_payload(testing_provider, &transactions, i, parent_hash, parent_timestamp)
+                .build_with_retry(
+                    testing_provider,
+                    collector,
+                    &mut current_result,
+                    i,
+                    parent_hash,
+                    parent_timestamp,
+                )
                 .await?;
 
             self.save_payload(&built)?;
 
             if self.execute || self.count > 1 {
-                info!(payload = i + 1, block_hash = %built.block_hash, "Executing payload (newPayload + FCU)");
+                info!(target: "reth-bench", payload = i + 1, block_hash = %built.block_hash, gas_used = built.gas_used, "Executing payload (newPayload + FCU)");
                 self.execute_payload_v4(auth_provider, built.envelope, parent_hash).await?;
-                info!(payload = i + 1, "Payload executed successfully");
+                info!(target: "reth-bench", payload = i + 1, "Payload executed successfully");
             }
 
             parent_hash = built.block_hash;
@@ -356,7 +461,63 @@ impl Command {
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    /// Pipelined execution - fetches transactions and builds payloads in background.
+    /// Build a payload with retry logic when `gas_used` is below target.
+    ///
+    /// Uses the ratio of `gas_used/gas_sent` to estimate how many more transactions
+    /// are needed to hit the target gas.
+    async fn build_with_retry<S: TransactionSource>(
+        &self,
+        testing_provider: &RootProvider<AnyNetwork>,
+        collector: &TransactionCollector<S>,
+        result: &mut CollectionResult,
+        index: u64,
+        parent_hash: B256,
+        parent_timestamp: u64,
+    ) -> eyre::Result<BuiltPayload> {
+        for attempt in 1..=MAX_BUILD_RETRIES {
+            let tx_bytes: Vec<Bytes> = result.transactions.iter().map(|t| t.raw.clone()).collect();
+            let gas_sent = result.gas_sent;
+
+            info!(
+                target: "reth-bench",
+                payload = index + 1,
+                attempt,
+                tx_count = tx_bytes.len(),
+                gas_sent,
+                parent_hash = %parent_hash,
+                "Building payload via testing_buildBlockV1"
+            );
+
+            let built = Self::build_payload_static(
+                testing_provider,
+                &tx_bytes,
+                index,
+                parent_hash,
+                parent_timestamp,
+            )
+            .await?;
+
+            match self.check_retry_outcome(&built, index, attempt, gas_sent) {
+                RetryOutcome::Success | RetryOutcome::MaxRetries => return Ok(built),
+                RetryOutcome::NeedMore(additional_gas) => {
+                    let additional =
+                        collector.collect_gas(result.next_block, additional_gas).await?;
+                    result.transactions.extend(additional.transactions);
+                    result.gas_sent = result.gas_sent.saturating_add(additional.gas_sent);
+                    result.next_block = additional.next_block;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        warn!(target: "reth-bench", payload = index + 1, "Retry loop exited without returning a payload");
+        Err(eyre::eyre!("build_with_retry exhausted retries without result"))
+    }
+
+    /// Pipelined execution - fetches transactions in background, builds with retry.
+    ///
+    /// The fetcher continuously produces transaction batches. The main loop consumes them,
+    /// builds payloads with retry logic (requesting more transactions if underfilled),
+    /// and executes each payload before moving to the next.
     async fn execute_pipelined(
         &self,
         auth_provider: &RootProvider<AnyNetwork>,
@@ -365,167 +526,238 @@ impl Command {
         initial_parent_hash: B256,
         initial_parent_timestamp: u64,
     ) -> eyre::Result<()> {
-        // Create channel for transaction batches (one batch per payload)
-        let (tx_sender, mut tx_receiver) = mpsc::channel::<Vec<Bytes>>(self.prefetch_buffer);
+        // Create channel for transaction batches - fetcher sends CollectionResult
+        let (tx_sender, tx_receiver) = mpsc::channel::<CollectionResult>(self.prefetch_buffer);
 
         // Spawn background task to continuously fetch transaction batches
         let rpc_url = self.rpc_url.clone();
         let target_gas = self.target_gas;
-        let count = self.count;
 
         let fetcher_handle = tokio::spawn(async move {
             let tx_source = match RpcTransactionSource::from_url(&rpc_url) {
                 Ok(source) => source,
                 Err(e) => {
-                    warn!(error = %e, "Failed to create transaction source");
-                    return;
+                    warn!(target: "reth-bench", error = %e, "Failed to create transaction source");
+                    return None;
                 }
             };
 
             let collector = TransactionCollector::new(tx_source, target_gas);
             let mut current_block = start_block;
 
-            for payload_idx in 0..count {
-                match collector.collect(current_block).await {
-                    Ok((transactions, total_gas, next_block)) => {
-                        info!(
-                            payload = payload_idx + 1,
-                            tx_count = transactions.len(),
-                            total_gas,
-                            blocks = format!("{}..{}", current_block, next_block),
-                            "Fetched transactions"
-                        );
-                        current_block = next_block;
-
-                        if tx_sender.send(transactions).await.is_err() {
-                            break;
-                        }
-                    }
-                    Err(e) => {
-                        warn!(payload = payload_idx + 1, error = %e, "Failed to fetch transactions");
-                        break;
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        });
-
-        let mut parent_hash = initial_parent_hash;
-        let mut parent_timestamp = initial_parent_timestamp;
-        let mut pending_build: Option<tokio::task::JoinHandle<eyre::Result<BuiltPayload>>> = None;
-
-        for i in 0..self.count {
-            let is_last = i == self.count - 1;
-
-            // Get current payload (either from pending build or build now)
-            let current_payload = if let Some(handle) = pending_build.take() {
-                handle.await??
-            } else {
-                // First payload - wait for transactions and build synchronously
-                let transactions = tx_receiver
-                    .recv()
-                    .await
-                    .ok_or_else(|| eyre::eyre!("Transaction fetcher stopped unexpectedly"))?;
-
-                if transactions.is_empty() {
-                    return Err(eyre::eyre!("No transactions collected for payload {}", i + 1));
+            while let Some(batch) = fetch_batch_with_retry(&collector, current_block).await {
+                if batch.transactions.is_empty() {
+                    info!(target: "reth-bench", block = current_block, "Reached chain tip, stopping fetcher");
+                    break;
                 }
 
                 info!(
-                    payload = i + 1,
-                    total = self.count,
-                    parent_hash = %parent_hash,
-                    parent_timestamp = parent_timestamp,
-                    tx_count = transactions.len(),
-                    "Building payload via testing_buildBlockV1"
+                    target: "reth-bench",
+                    tx_count = batch.transactions.len(),
+                    gas_sent = batch.gas_sent,
+                    blocks = format!("{}..{}", current_block, batch.next_block),
+                    "Fetched transaction batch"
                 );
-                self.build_payload(
+                current_block = batch.next_block;
+
+                if tx_sender.send(batch).await.is_err() {
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+
+            Some(current_block)
+        });
+
+        // Transaction buffer: holds transactions from batches + any extras from retries
+        let mut tx_buffer = TxBuffer::new(tx_receiver);
+
+        let mut parent_hash = initial_parent_hash;
+        let mut parent_timestamp = initial_parent_timestamp;
+
+        for i in 0..self.count {
+            // Get initial batch of transactions for this payload
+            let Some(mut result) = tx_buffer.take_batch().await else {
+                info!(
+                    target: "reth-bench",
+                    payloads_built = i,
+                    payloads_requested = self.count,
+                    "Transaction source exhausted, stopping"
+                );
+                break;
+            };
+
+            if result.transactions.is_empty() {
+                info!(
+                    target: "reth-bench",
+                    payloads_built = i,
+                    payloads_requested = self.count,
+                    "No more transactions available, stopping"
+                );
+                break;
+            }
+
+            // Build with retry - may need to request more transactions
+            let built = self
+                .build_with_retry_buffered(
                     testing_provider,
-                    &transactions,
+                    &mut tx_buffer,
+                    &mut result,
                     i,
                     parent_hash,
                     parent_timestamp,
                 )
-                .await?
-            };
+                .await?;
 
-            self.save_payload(&current_payload)?;
+            self.save_payload(&built)?;
 
-            let current_block_hash = current_payload.block_hash;
-            let current_timestamp = current_payload.timestamp;
+            let current_block_hash = built.block_hash;
+            let current_timestamp = built.timestamp;
 
-            // Execute current payload first
-            info!(payload = i + 1, block_hash = %current_block_hash, "Executing payload (newPayload + FCU)");
-            self.execute_payload_v4(auth_provider, current_payload.envelope, parent_hash).await?;
-            info!(payload = i + 1, "Payload executed successfully");
-
-            // Start building next payload in background (if not last) - AFTER execution
-            if !is_last {
-                // Get transactions for next payload (should already be fetched or fetching)
-                let next_transactions = tx_receiver
-                    .recv()
-                    .await
-                    .ok_or_else(|| eyre::eyre!("Transaction fetcher stopped unexpectedly"))?;
-
-                if next_transactions.is_empty() {
-                    return Err(eyre::eyre!("No transactions collected for payload {}", i + 2));
-                }
-
-                let testing_provider = testing_provider.clone();
-                let next_index = i + 1;
-                let total = self.count;
-
-                pending_build = Some(tokio::spawn(async move {
-                    info!(
-                        payload = next_index + 1,
-                        total = total,
-                        parent_hash = %current_block_hash,
-                        parent_timestamp = current_timestamp,
-                        tx_count = next_transactions.len(),
-                        "Building payload via testing_buildBlockV1"
-                    );
-
-                    Self::build_payload_static(
-                        &testing_provider,
-                        &next_transactions,
-                        next_index,
-                        current_block_hash,
-                        current_timestamp,
-                    )
-                    .await
-                }));
-            }
+            // Execute payload
+            info!(target: "reth-bench", payload = i + 1, block_hash = %current_block_hash, gas_used = built.gas_used, "Executing payload (newPayload + FCU)");
+            self.execute_payload_v4(auth_provider, built.envelope, parent_hash).await?;
+            info!(target: "reth-bench", payload = i + 1, "Payload executed successfully");
 
             parent_hash = current_block_hash;
             parent_timestamp = current_timestamp;
         }
 
         // Clean up the fetcher task
-        drop(tx_receiver);
+        drop(tx_buffer);
         let _ = fetcher_handle.await;
 
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    /// Build a single payload via `testing_buildBlockV1`.
-    async fn build_payload(
+    /// Build a payload with retry logic, using the buffered transaction source.
+    async fn build_with_retry_buffered(
         &self,
         testing_provider: &RootProvider<AnyNetwork>,
-        transactions: &[Bytes],
+        tx_buffer: &mut TxBuffer,
+        result: &mut CollectionResult,
         index: u64,
         parent_hash: B256,
         parent_timestamp: u64,
     ) -> eyre::Result<BuiltPayload> {
-        Self::build_payload_static(
-            testing_provider,
-            transactions,
-            index,
-            parent_hash,
-            parent_timestamp,
-        )
-        .await
+        for attempt in 1..=MAX_BUILD_RETRIES {
+            let tx_bytes: Vec<Bytes> = result.transactions.iter().map(|t| t.raw.clone()).collect();
+            let gas_sent = result.gas_sent;
+
+            info!(
+                target: "reth-bench",
+                payload = index + 1,
+                attempt,
+                tx_count = tx_bytes.len(),
+                gas_sent,
+                parent_hash = %parent_hash,
+                "Building payload via testing_buildBlockV1"
+            );
+
+            let built = Self::build_payload_static(
+                testing_provider,
+                &tx_bytes,
+                index,
+                parent_hash,
+                parent_timestamp,
+            )
+            .await?;
+
+            match self.check_retry_outcome(&built, index, attempt, gas_sent) {
+                RetryOutcome::Success | RetryOutcome::MaxRetries => return Ok(built),
+                RetryOutcome::NeedMore(additional_gas) => {
+                    let mut collected_gas = 0u64;
+                    while collected_gas < additional_gas {
+                        if let Some(batch) = tx_buffer.take_batch().await {
+                            collected_gas += batch.gas_sent;
+                            result.transactions.extend(batch.transactions);
+                            result.gas_sent = result.gas_sent.saturating_add(batch.gas_sent);
+                            result.next_block = batch.next_block;
+                        } else {
+                            warn!(target: "reth-bench", "Transaction fetcher exhausted, proceeding with available transactions");
+                            break;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        warn!(target: "reth-bench", payload = index + 1, "Retry loop exited without returning a payload");
+        Err(eyre::eyre!("build_with_retry_buffered exhausted retries without result"))
     }
 
-    /// Static version for use in spawned tasks.
+    /// Determines the outcome of a build attempt.
+    fn check_retry_outcome(
+        &self,
+        built: &BuiltPayload,
+        index: u64,
+        attempt: u32,
+        gas_sent: u64,
+    ) -> RetryOutcome {
+        let gas_used = built.gas_used;
+
+        if gas_used + MIN_TARGET_SLACK >= self.target_gas {
+            info!(
+                target: "reth-bench",
+                payload = index + 1,
+                gas_used,
+                target_gas = self.target_gas,
+                attempts = attempt,
+                "Payload built successfully"
+            );
+            return RetryOutcome::Success;
+        }
+
+        if attempt == MAX_BUILD_RETRIES {
+            warn!(
+                target: "reth-bench",
+                payload = index + 1,
+                gas_used,
+                target_gas = self.target_gas,
+                gas_sent,
+                "Underfilled after max retries, accepting payload"
+            );
+            return RetryOutcome::MaxRetries;
+        }
+
+        if gas_used == 0 {
+            warn!(
+                target: "reth-bench",
+                payload = index + 1,
+                "Zero gas used in payload, requesting fixed chunk of additional transactions"
+            );
+            return RetryOutcome::NeedMore(self.target_gas);
+        }
+
+        let gas_sent_needed_total =
+            (self.target_gas as u128 * gas_sent as u128).div_ceil(gas_used as u128) as u64;
+        let additional = gas_sent_needed_total.saturating_sub(gas_sent);
+        let additional = additional.min(self.target_gas * MAX_ADDITIONAL_GAS_MULTIPLIER);
+
+        if additional == 0 {
+            info!(
+                target: "reth-bench",
+                payload = index + 1,
+                gas_used,
+                target_gas = self.target_gas,
+                "No additional transactions needed based on ratio"
+            );
+            return RetryOutcome::Success;
+        }
+
+        let ratio = gas_used as f64 / gas_sent as f64;
+        info!(
+            target: "reth-bench",
+            payload = index + 1,
+            gas_used,
+            gas_sent,
+            ratio = format!("{:.4}", ratio),
+            additional_gas = additional,
+            "Underfilled, collecting more transactions for retry"
+        );
+        RetryOutcome::NeedMore(additional)
+    }
+
+    /// Build a single payload via `testing_buildBlockV1`.
     async fn build_payload_static(
         testing_provider: &RootProvider<AnyNetwork>,
         transactions: &[Bytes],
@@ -548,6 +780,7 @@ impl Command {
 
         let total_tx_bytes: usize = transactions.iter().map(|tx| tx.len()).sum();
         info!(
+            target: "reth-bench",
             payload = index + 1,
             tx_count = transactions.len(),
             total_tx_bytes = total_tx_bytes,
@@ -563,8 +796,9 @@ impl Command {
         let block_hash = inner.block_hash;
         let block_number = inner.block_number;
         let timestamp = inner.timestamp;
+        let gas_used = inner.gas_used;
 
-        Ok(BuiltPayload { block_number, envelope: v4_envelope, block_hash, timestamp })
+        Ok(BuiltPayload { block_number, envelope: v4_envelope, block_hash, timestamp, gas_used })
     }
 
     /// Save a payload to disk.
@@ -574,7 +808,7 @@ impl Command {
         let json = serde_json::to_string_pretty(&payload.envelope)?;
         std::fs::write(&filepath, &json)
             .wrap_err_with(|| format!("Failed to write payload to {:?}", filepath))?;
-        info!(block_number = payload.block_number, block_hash = %payload.block_hash, path = %filepath.display(), "Payload saved");
+        info!(target: "reth-bench", block_number = payload.block_number, block_hash = %payload.block_hash, path = %filepath.display(), "Payload saved");
         Ok(())
     }
 

bin/reth-bench/src/bench/helpers.rs

@@ -1,13 +1,82 @@
 //! Common helpers for reth-bench commands.
 
 use crate::valid_payload::call_forkchoice_updated;
+use eyre::Result;
+use std::{
+    io::{BufReader, Read},
+    time::Duration,
+};
+
+/// Read input from either a file path or stdin.
+pub(crate) fn read_input(path: Option<&str>) -> Result<String> {
+    Ok(match path {
+        Some(path) => reth_fs_util::read_to_string(path)?,
+        None => String::from_utf8(
+            BufReader::new(std::io::stdin()).bytes().collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?,
+        )?,
+    })
+}
+
+/// Load JWT secret from either a file or use the provided string directly.
+pub(crate) fn load_jwt_secret(jwt_secret: Option<&str>) -> Result<Option<String>> {
+    match jwt_secret {
+        Some(secret) => {
+            // Try to read as file first
+            match std::fs::read_to_string(secret) {
+                Ok(contents) => Ok(Some(contents.trim().to_string())),
+                // If file read fails, use the string directly
+                Err(_) => Ok(Some(secret.to_string())),
+            }
+        }
+        None => Ok(None),
+    }
+}
+
+/// Parses a gas limit value with optional suffix: K for thousand, M for million, G for billion.
+///
+/// Examples: "30000000", "30M", "1G", "2G"
+pub(crate) fn parse_gas_limit(s: &str) -> eyre::Result<u64> {
+    let s = s.trim();
+    if s.is_empty() {
+        return Err(eyre::eyre!("empty value"));
+    }
+
+    let (num_str, multiplier) = if let Some(prefix) = s.strip_suffix(['G', 'g']) {
+        (prefix, 1_000_000_000u64)
+    } else if let Some(prefix) = s.strip_suffix(['M', 'm']) {
+        (prefix, 1_000_000u64)
+    } else if let Some(prefix) = s.strip_suffix(['K', 'k']) {
+        (prefix, 1_000u64)
+    } else {
+        (s, 1u64)
+    };
+
+    let base: u64 = num_str.trim().parse()?;
+    base.checked_mul(multiplier).ok_or_else(|| eyre::eyre!("value overflow"))
+}
+
+/// Parses a duration string, treating bare integers as milliseconds.
+///
+/// Accepts either a `humantime` duration string (e.g. `"100ms"`, `"2s"`) or a plain
+/// integer which is interpreted as milliseconds (e.g. `"400"` → 400ms).
+pub(crate) fn parse_duration(s: &str) -> eyre::Result<Duration> {
+    match humantime::parse_duration(s) {
+        Ok(d) => Ok(d),
+        Err(_) => {
+            let millis: u64 =
+                s.trim().parse().map_err(|_| eyre::eyre!("invalid duration: {s:?}"))?;
+            Ok(Duration::from_millis(millis))
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 use alloy_consensus::Header;
 use alloy_eips::eip4844::kzg_to_versioned_hash;
 use alloy_primitives::{Address, B256};
 use alloy_provider::{ext::EngineApi, network::AnyNetwork, RootProvider};
 use alloy_rpc_types_engine::{
     CancunPayloadFields, ExecutionPayload, ExecutionPayloadSidecar, ForkchoiceState,
-    PayloadAttributes, PayloadId, PraguePayloadFields,
+    PayloadAttributes, PayloadId,
 };
 use eyre::OptionExt;
 use reth_chainspec::{ChainSpec, EthereumHardforks};
@@ -130,7 +199,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn get_payload_with_sidecar(
     payload_id: PayloadId,
     parent_beacon_block_root: Option<B256>,
 ) -> eyre::Result<(ExecutionPayload, ExecutionPayloadSidecar)> {
-    debug!(get_payload_version = ?version, ?payload_id, "Sending getPayload");
+    debug!(target: "reth-bench", get_payload_version = ?version, ?payload_id, "Sending getPayload");
 
     match version {
         1 => {
@@ -161,36 +230,83 @@ pub(crate) async fn get_payload_with_sidecar(
         }
         4 => {
             let envelope = provider.get_payload_v4(payload_id).await?;
-            let versioned_hashes = versioned_hashes_from_commitments(
-                &envelope.envelope_inner.blobs_bundle.commitments,
-            );
-            let cancun_fields = CancunPayloadFields {
-                parent_beacon_block_root: parent_beacon_block_root
-                    .ok_or_eyre("parent_beacon_block_root required for V4")?,
-                versioned_hashes,
-            };
-            let prague_fields = PraguePayloadFields::new(envelope.execution_requests);
-            Ok((
-                ExecutionPayload::V3(envelope.envelope_inner.execution_payload),
-                ExecutionPayloadSidecar::v4(cancun_fields, prague_fields),
+            Ok(envelope.into_payload_and_sidecar(
+                parent_beacon_block_root.ok_or_eyre("parent_beacon_block_root required for V4")?,
             ))
         }
         5 => {
-            // V5 (Osaka) - use raw request since alloy doesn't have get_payload_v5 yet
             let envelope = provider.get_payload_v5(payload_id).await?;
-            let versioned_hashes =
-                versioned_hashes_from_commitments(&envelope.blobs_bundle.commitments);
-            let cancun_fields = CancunPayloadFields {
-                parent_beacon_block_root: parent_beacon_block_root
-                    .ok_or_eyre("parent_beacon_block_root required for V5")?,
-                versioned_hashes,
-            };
-            let prague_fields = PraguePayloadFields::new(envelope.execution_requests);
-            Ok((
-                ExecutionPayload::V3(envelope.execution_payload),
-                ExecutionPayloadSidecar::v4(cancun_fields, prague_fields),
+            Ok(envelope.into_payload_and_sidecar(
+                parent_beacon_block_root.ok_or_eyre("parent_beacon_block_root required for V5")?,
             ))
         }
         _ => panic!("This tool does not support getPayload versions past v5"),
     }
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_parse_gas_limit_plain_number() {
+        assert_eq!(parse_gas_limit("30000000").unwrap(), 30_000_000);
+        assert_eq!(parse_gas_limit("1").unwrap(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(parse_gas_limit("0").unwrap(), 0);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_parse_gas_limit_k_suffix() {
+        assert_eq!(parse_gas_limit("1K").unwrap(), 1_000);
+        assert_eq!(parse_gas_limit("30k").unwrap(), 30_000);
+        assert_eq!(parse_gas_limit("100K").unwrap(), 100_000);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_parse_gas_limit_m_suffix() {
+        assert_eq!(parse_gas_limit("1M").unwrap(), 1_000_000);
+        assert_eq!(parse_gas_limit("30m").unwrap(), 30_000_000);
+        assert_eq!(parse_gas_limit("100M").unwrap(), 100_000_000);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_parse_gas_limit_g_suffix() {
+        assert_eq!(parse_gas_limit("1G").unwrap(), 1_000_000_000);
+        assert_eq!(parse_gas_limit("2g").unwrap(), 2_000_000_000);
+        assert_eq!(parse_gas_limit("10G").unwrap(), 10_000_000_000);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_parse_gas_limit_with_whitespace() {
+        assert_eq!(parse_gas_limit(" 1G ").unwrap(), 1_000_000_000);
+        assert_eq!(parse_gas_limit("2 M").unwrap(), 2_000_000);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_parse_gas_limit_errors() {
+        assert!(parse_gas_limit("").is_err());
+        assert!(parse_gas_limit("abc").is_err());
+        assert!(parse_gas_limit("G").is_err());
+        assert!(parse_gas_limit("-1G").is_err());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_parse_duration_with_unit() {
+        assert_eq!(parse_duration("100ms").unwrap(), Duration::from_millis(100));
+        assert_eq!(parse_duration("2s").unwrap(), Duration::from_secs(2));
+        assert_eq!(parse_duration("1m").unwrap(), Duration::from_secs(60));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_parse_duration_bare_millis() {
+        assert_eq!(parse_duration("400").unwrap(), Duration::from_millis(400));
+        assert_eq!(parse_duration("0").unwrap(), Duration::from_millis(0));
+        assert_eq!(parse_duration("1000").unwrap(), Duration::from_millis(1000));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_parse_duration_errors() {
+        assert!(parse_duration("abc").is_err());
+        assert!(parse_duration("").is_err());
+    }
+}

bin/reth-bench/src/bench/mod.rs

@@ -15,7 +15,9 @@ pub use generate_big_block::{
 mod new_payload_fcu;
 mod new_payload_only;
 mod output;
+mod persistence_waiter;
 mod replay_payloads;
+mod send_invalid_payload;
 mod send_payload;
 
 /// `reth bench` command
@@ -74,6 +76,18 @@ pub enum Subcommands {
     /// `reth-bench replay-payloads --payload-dir ./payloads --engine-rpc-url
     /// http://localhost:8551 --jwt-secret ~/.local/share/reth/mainnet/jwt.hex`
     ReplayPayloads(replay_payloads::Command),
+
+    /// Generate and send an invalid `engine_newPayload` request for testing.
+    ///
+    /// Takes a valid block and modifies fields to make it invalid, allowing you to test
+    /// Engine API rejection behavior. Block hash is recalculated after modifications
+    /// unless `--invalid-block-hash` or `--skip-hash-recalc` is used.
+    ///
+    /// Example:
+    ///
+    /// `cast block latest --full --json | reth-bench send-invalid-payload --rpc-url localhost:5000
+    /// --jwt-secret $(cat ~/.local/share/reth/mainnet/jwt.hex) --invalid-state-root`
+    SendInvalidPayload(Box<send_invalid_payload::Command>),
 }
 
 impl BenchmarkCommand {
@@ -89,6 +103,7 @@ impl BenchmarkCommand {
             Subcommands::SendPayload(command) => command.execute(ctx).await,
             Subcommands::GenerateBigBlock(command) => command.execute(ctx).await,
             Subcommands::ReplayPayloads(command) => command.execute(ctx).await,
+            Subcommands::SendInvalidPayload(command) => (*command).execute(ctx).await,
         }
     }
 
@@ -96,7 +111,18 @@ impl BenchmarkCommand {
     ///
     /// If file logging is enabled, this function returns a guard that must be kept alive to ensure
     /// that all logs are flushed to disk.
+    ///
+    /// Always enables log target display (`RUST_LOG_TARGET=1`) so that the `reth-bench` target
+    /// is visible in output, making it easy to distinguish reth-bench logs from reth logs when
+    /// both are streamed to the same console or file.
     pub fn init_tracing(&self) -> eyre::Result<Option<FileWorkerGuard>> {
+        // Always show the log target so "reth-bench" is visible in the output.
+        if std::env::var_os("RUST_LOG_TARGET").is_none() {
+            // SAFETY: This is called early during single-threaded initialization, before any
+            // threads are spawned and before the tracing subscriber is set up.
+            unsafe { std::env::set_var("RUST_LOG_TARGET", "1") };
+        }
+
         let guard = self.logs.init_tracing()?;
         Ok(guard)
     }